docs/src/papers/algorithms/rtmo.md

# RTMO: Towards High-Performance One-Stage Real-Time Multi-Person Pose Estimation

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<details>
<summary align="right"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.07526">RTMO</a></summary>

```bibtex
@misc{lu2023rtmo,
      title={{RTMO}: Towards High-Performance One-Stage Real-Time Multi-Person Pose Estimation},
      author={Peng Lu and Tao Jiang and Yining Li and Xiangtai Li and Kai Chen and Wenming Yang},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2312.07526},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CV}
}
```

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## Abstract

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Real-time multi-person pose estimation presents significant challenges in balancing speed and precision. While two-stage top-down methods slow down as the number of people in the image increases, existing one-stage methods often fail to simultaneously deliver high accuracy and real-time performance. This paper introduces RTMO, a one-stage pose estimation framework that seamlessly integrates coordinate classification by representing keypoints using dual 1-D heatmaps within the YOLO architecture, achieving accuracy comparable to top-down methods while maintaining high speed. We propose a dynamic coordinate classifier and a tailored loss function for heatmap learning, specifically designed to address the incompatibilities between coordinate classification and dense prediction models. RTMO outperforms state-of-the-art one-stage pose estimators, achieving 1.1% higher AP on COCO while operating about 9 times faster with the same backbone. Our largest model, RTMO-l, attains 74.8% AP on COCO val2017 and 141 FPS on a single V100 GPU, demonstrating its efficiency and accuracy.

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