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Feature Specification: Full-Stack Integration & UI Experience

Feature Branch: 002-fullstack-ui-integration Created: 2026-01-09 Status: Draft Input: User description: "Full-Stack Integration & UI Experience – Phase II Todo Web App"

User Scenarios & Testing (mandatory)

User Story 1 - Complete Authentication Flow (Priority: P1) 🎯 MVP

A new user visits the application, creates an account, signs in, and immediately sees a clean, responsive interface ready for task management.

Why this priority: This is the entry point for all users. Without a seamless authentication experience, users cannot access any functionality. This story validates the entire authentication integration from Spec 2 works end-to-end with proper UI feedback.

Independent Test: Navigate to the application URL, complete signup form, verify redirect to signin, sign in with credentials, and land on the task management page with user profile displayed in header.

Acceptance Scenarios:

  1. Given a new user visits the application root URL, When they are not authenticated, Then they are automatically redirected to the signin page with a link to signup
  2. Given a user on the signup page, When they submit valid credentials (email, password, name), Then they see a success message and are redirected to signin page
  3. Given a user on the signup page, When they submit invalid data (weak password, invalid email), Then they see clear inline validation errors without page reload
  4. Given a registered user on the signin page, When they submit correct credentials, Then they are redirected to the home page with their name displayed in the header
  5. Given a user on the signin page, When they submit incorrect credentials, Then they see a generic error message "Invalid email or password" without revealing which field is wrong
  6. Given an authenticated user on the home page, When they click the "Sign Out" button, Then their session is cleared and they are redirected to the signin page

User Story 2 - Responsive UI States (Priority: P2)

Users experience appropriate visual feedback during all application states: loading data, empty states, error conditions, and successful operations.

Why this priority: Professional applications provide clear feedback. Users should never wonder if the app is working or broken. This story ensures the UI communicates system state effectively.

Independent Test: Sign in, observe loading spinner while tasks load, create first task and see empty state disappear, disconnect network and see error state, reconnect and see recovery.

Acceptance Scenarios:

  1. Given a user signs in successfully, When the task list is loading, Then they see a loading spinner with "Loading tasks..." message
  2. Given a new user with no tasks, When the task list finishes loading, Then they see an empty state with "No tasks yet" message and a call-to-action to create their first task
  3. Given a user viewing their task list, When a network error occurs, Then they see a clear error message "Unable to load tasks. Please check your connection." with a retry button
  4. Given a user creating a new task, When the API request is in progress, Then the submit button shows "Creating..." and is disabled to prevent duplicate submissions
  5. Given a user on any page, When their JWT token expires, Then they are automatically redirected to signin with a message "Your session has expired. Please sign in again."
  6. Given a user completing a task, When the update succeeds, Then the task UI updates immediately (optimistic update) without requiring a full page reload

User Story 3 - Responsive Design (Priority: P3)

Users can access and use the application seamlessly across desktop, tablet, and mobile devices with appropriate layout adjustments.

Why this priority: Modern web applications must work on all screen sizes. This story ensures the UI adapts gracefully to different viewports, making the app accessible to users on any device.

Independent Test: Open the application on desktop (1920px), tablet (768px), and mobile (375px) viewports. Verify all functionality is accessible and layouts adjust appropriately.

Acceptance Scenarios:

  1. Given a user on a desktop browser (≥1024px), When they view the home page, Then they see a three-column layout: task form (left), filters (middle), task list (right)
  2. Given a user on a tablet (768px-1023px), When they view the home page, Then they see a two-column layout: task form and filters stacked (left), task list (right)
  3. Given a user on a mobile device (<768px), When they view the home page, Then they see a single-column layout with task form, filters, and task list stacked vertically
  4. Given a user on any device, When they interact with buttons and form inputs, Then touch targets are at least 44x44px for comfortable interaction
  5. Given a user on mobile, When they view the signin/signup forms, Then the forms are centered, readable, and keyboard-friendly with appropriate input types (email, password)
  6. Given a user on any device, When they navigate the application, Then all text is readable without horizontal scrolling and maintains proper contrast ratios

User Story 4 - Centralized API Communication (Priority: P4)

All frontend-backend communication flows through a unified API client that handles authentication, error handling, and request/response formatting consistently.

Why this priority: Consistent API communication prevents bugs and makes the codebase maintainable. This story ensures all API calls follow the same patterns for auth, errors, and data handling.

Independent Test: Review the codebase to verify all API calls use the centralized fetchAPI function. Test that JWT tokens are automatically included, 401 errors trigger signin redirect, and error responses are consistently formatted.

Acceptance Scenarios:

  1. Given any component making an API request, When the request is initiated, Then the JWT token is automatically included in the Authorization header without manual intervention
  2. Given an API request in progress, When the backend returns a 401 Unauthorized, Then the user is automatically redirected to signin and their session is cleared
  3. Given an API request fails, When the backend returns an error response, Then the error is caught and formatted consistently with { detail, error_code, field_errors } structure
  4. Given a component making multiple API calls, When any call fails, Then the error is handled locally without crashing the entire application
  5. Given the backend is unreachable, When an API request times out, Then the user sees a clear error message "Unable to connect to server. Please try again later."
  6. Given a successful API response, When the data is returned, Then it is automatically parsed as JSON and typed correctly for TypeScript consumers

User Story 5 - Environment Coordination (Priority: P5)

The application runs successfully in local development with proper environment variable configuration and clear setup instructions.

Why this priority: Developers and reviewers need to run the application easily. This story ensures environment setup is straightforward and well-documented.

Independent Test: Clone the repository, follow README instructions to set up environment variables, start backend and frontend, and verify the application works end-to-end.

Acceptance Scenarios:

  1. Given a developer cloning the repository, When they follow the backend README, Then they can set up the database, configure environment variables, and start the backend server successfully
  2. Given a developer with the backend running, When they follow the frontend README, Then they can configure environment variables and start the frontend development server successfully
  3. Given both servers running, When a user accesses http://localhost:3000, Then the frontend successfully communicates with the backend at http://localhost:8000
  4. Given environment variables are missing, When the application starts, Then clear error messages indicate which variables are required (e.g., "BETTER_AUTH_SECRET is required")
  5. Given the BETTER_AUTH_SECRET differs between frontend and backend, When a user tries to sign in, Then token verification fails with a clear error message
  6. Given the database is not running, When the backend starts, Then it shows a clear error message "Unable to connect to database at [URL]"

Edge Cases

  • What happens when a user's JWT token expires while they're actively using the application (e.g., editing a task)?
  • How does the system handle rapid successive API calls (e.g., user clicking "Create Task" multiple times)?
  • What happens when the backend returns a 500 Internal Server Error?
  • How does the UI behave when task titles or descriptions contain special characters, emojis, or very long text?
  • What happens when a user tries to access a protected route by manually typing the URL while unauthenticated?
  • How does the application handle browser back/forward navigation after signin/signout?
  • What happens when localStorage is disabled or unavailable in the browser?
  • How does the system handle concurrent edits (user edits same task in two browser tabs)?

Requirements (mandatory)

Functional Requirements

  • FR-001: System MUST redirect unauthenticated users from protected routes to the signin page automatically
  • FR-002: System MUST display user profile information (name or email) in the application header when authenticated
  • FR-003: System MUST show loading indicators during all asynchronous operations (API calls, page transitions)
  • FR-004: System MUST display empty states with helpful messages when no data exists (e.g., "No tasks yet. Create your first task!")
  • FR-005: System MUST show clear error messages when operations fail, with actionable guidance (e.g., "Retry" button)
  • FR-006: System MUST handle JWT token expiration gracefully by redirecting to signin with an appropriate message
  • FR-007: System MUST prevent duplicate form submissions by disabling submit buttons during API requests
  • FR-008: System MUST validate all form inputs on the client side before submission with inline error messages
  • FR-009: System MUST adapt layout and component sizing based on viewport width (responsive design)
  • FR-010: System MUST ensure all interactive elements have minimum touch target size of 44x44px for mobile usability
  • FR-011: System MUST route all API requests through a centralized client that handles authentication automatically
  • FR-012: System MUST include JWT tokens in Authorization headers for all protected API endpoints
  • FR-013: System MUST catch and format all API errors consistently across the application
  • FR-014: System MUST clear user session and redirect to signin on 401 Unauthorized responses
  • FR-015: System MUST persist authentication state across page refreshes using localStorage
  • FR-016: System MUST provide clear setup instructions in README files for both frontend and backend
  • FR-017: System MUST validate that required environment variables are present on application startup
  • FR-018: System MUST use the same BETTER_AUTH_SECRET in both frontend and backend for JWT verification
  • FR-019: System MUST display appropriate CORS configuration to allow frontend-backend communication
  • FR-020: System MUST use Tailwind CSS utility classes exclusively for styling (no inline styles)

Key Entities

This feature focuses on integration and UI experience rather than introducing new data entities. It leverages existing entities from Specs 1 and 2:

  • User: Authenticated user with profile information (from Spec 2)
  • Task: User's todo items with CRUD operations (from Spec 1)
  • AuthSession: Frontend session state containing JWT token and user profile (from Spec 2)

Success Criteria (mandatory)

Measurable Outcomes

  • SC-001: Users can complete the full flow from signup to creating their first task in under 3 minutes
  • SC-002: All loading states appear within 100ms of initiating an action to provide immediate feedback
  • SC-003: Empty states provide clear guidance, resulting in 80% of new users creating their first task within 2 minutes
  • SC-004: Error messages are clear enough that users can resolve issues without external help 90% of the time
  • SC-005: The application layout adapts correctly to viewport widths from 320px (mobile) to 1920px (desktop) without horizontal scrolling
  • SC-006: All interactive elements are accessible and usable on touch devices with no accidental clicks
  • SC-007: JWT token expiration is handled gracefully with zero application crashes or undefined states
  • SC-008: API errors are caught and displayed consistently across all features with zero unhandled promise rejections
  • SC-009: Developers can set up and run the application locally in under 10 minutes following README instructions
  • SC-010: The application works end-to-end in local development with proper environment configuration

Assumptions (mandatory)

  1. Existing Functionality: Specs 1 (Task CRUD) and 2 (Authentication) are fully implemented and functional
  2. Browser Support: Modern browsers with ES6+ support (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge - latest 2 versions)
  3. JavaScript Enabled: Users have JavaScript enabled in their browsers
  4. Network Connectivity: Users have stable internet connection for API communication
  5. LocalStorage Available: Browser supports and allows localStorage for session persistence
  6. Development Environment: Developers have Node.js 18+, Python 3.11+, and PostgreSQL installed
  7. Screen Sizes: Target devices range from 320px (small mobile) to 1920px (desktop)
  8. Single User Session: Users are expected to use one browser session at a time (concurrent sessions not optimized)
  9. English Language: All UI text and error messages are in English
  10. No Offline Support: Application requires active internet connection (no offline mode)

Dependencies (mandatory)

Internal Dependencies

  • Spec 1 - Task CRUD: All task management endpoints must be functional
  • Spec 2 - Authentication & API Security: JWT authentication and user management must be working
  • Backend API: FastAPI server must be running and accessible
  • Database: PostgreSQL database with all migrations applied
  • Environment Variables: BETTER_AUTH_SECRET, DATABASE_URL, API URLs configured correctly

External Dependencies

  • Next.js 16+: Frontend framework with App Router
  • React 18+: UI library
  • TypeScript 5.x: Type safety
  • Tailwind CSS 3.x: Styling framework
  • FastAPI: Backend framework
  • SQLModel: ORM for database operations
  • Better Auth: Authentication library
  • JWT: Token-based authentication

Out of Scope (mandatory)

The following are explicitly NOT included in this specification:

  1. New Backend Logic: No new API endpoints or business logic (handled in Spec 1)
  2. New Authentication Mechanisms: No OAuth, SSO, or MFA (handled in Spec 2)
  3. Advanced Animations: No complex transitions, animations, or motion design
  4. Design System: No comprehensive component library or design tokens
  5. Mobile Native Apps: No iOS or Android native applications
  6. Progressive Web App (PWA): No offline support, service workers, or installability
  7. Internationalization (i18n): No multi-language support
  8. Accessibility Audit: No WCAG compliance testing (basic accessibility assumed)
  9. Performance Optimization: No advanced caching, code splitting beyond Next.js defaults, or CDN setup
  10. CI/CD Pipelines: No automated testing, deployment, or infrastructure scripts
  11. Docker Deployment: No production Docker configuration (local development only)
  12. Monitoring & Analytics: No error tracking, user analytics, or performance monitoring
  13. SEO Optimization: No meta tags, sitemaps, or search engine optimization
  14. Email Notifications: No email verification, password reset emails, or notifications
  15. Real-time Features: No WebSockets, live updates, or collaborative editing

References

  • @specs/ui/components.md: Component design specifications (if exists)
  • @specs/ui/pages.md: Page layout specifications (if exists)
  • @specs/overview.md: Project overview and architecture (if exists)
  • @specs/architecture.md: Technical architecture decisions (if exists)
  • Spec 1: Task CRUD API implementation
  • Spec 2: Authentication & API Security implementation
  • Next.js App Router Documentation: https://nextjs.org/docs/app
  • Tailwind CSS Documentation: https://tailwindcss.com/docs
  • Better Auth Documentation: https://better-auth.com/docs

Notes

This specification focuses on polishing and integrating existing functionality rather than building new features. The goal is to create a cohesive, professional user experience that demonstrates the full capabilities of the Phase II Todo Web App for hackathon evaluation.

Key integration points:

  • Frontend ↔ Backend: Unified API client with automatic JWT handling
  • Authentication ↔ UI: Seamless auth state management across all pages
  • Components ↔ Styling: Consistent Tailwind CSS usage throughout
  • Development ↔ Production: Clear environment setup and configuration

Success depends on attention to detail in error handling, loading states, and responsive design rather than adding new functionality.