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  1. .gitattributes +1 -0
  2. README.md +208 -175
  3. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_128d.bin +3 -0
  4. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_128d.meta.json +1 -0
  5. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_128d.projection.npy +3 -0
  6. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_128d_metadata.json +8 -0
  7. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_32d.bin +3 -0
  8. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_32d.meta.json +1 -0
  9. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_32d.projection.npy +3 -0
  10. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_32d_metadata.json +8 -0
  11. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_64d.bin +3 -0
  12. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_64d.meta.json +1 -0
  13. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_64d.projection.npy +3 -0
  14. models/embeddings/aligned/dag_64d_metadata.json +8 -0
  15. models/embeddings/monolingual/dag_128d.bin +2 -2
  16. models/embeddings/monolingual/dag_128d_metadata.json +1 -1
  17. models/embeddings/monolingual/dag_32d.bin +2 -2
  18. models/embeddings/monolingual/dag_32d_metadata.json +1 -1
  19. models/embeddings/monolingual/dag_64d.bin +2 -2
  20. models/embeddings/monolingual/dag_64d_metadata.json +1 -1
  21. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx1_subword.parquet +2 -2
  22. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx1_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  23. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx2_subword.parquet +2 -2
  24. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx2_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  25. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx3_subword.parquet +2 -2
  26. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx3_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  27. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx4_subword.parquet +2 -2
  28. models/subword_markov/dag_markov_ctx4_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  29. models/subword_ngram/dag_2gram_subword.parquet +2 -2
  30. models/subword_ngram/dag_2gram_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  31. models/subword_ngram/dag_3gram_subword.parquet +2 -2
  32. models/subword_ngram/dag_3gram_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  33. models/subword_ngram/dag_4gram_subword.parquet +2 -2
  34. models/subword_ngram/dag_4gram_subword_metadata.json +2 -2
  35. models/subword_ngram/dag_5gram_subword.parquet +3 -0
  36. models/subword_ngram/dag_5gram_subword_metadata.json +7 -0
  37. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_16k.model +2 -2
  38. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_16k.vocab +0 -0
  39. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_32k.model +2 -2
  40. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_32k.vocab +0 -0
  41. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_64k.model +2 -2
  42. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_64k.vocab +0 -0
  43. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_8k.model +2 -2
  44. models/tokenizer/dag_tokenizer_8k.vocab +0 -0
  45. models/vocabulary/dag_vocabulary.parquet +2 -2
  46. models/vocabulary/dag_vocabulary_metadata.json +9 -9
  47. models/word_markov/dag_markov_ctx1_word.parquet +2 -2
  48. models/word_markov/dag_markov_ctx1_word_metadata.json +2 -2
  49. models/word_markov/dag_markov_ctx2_word.parquet +2 -2
  50. models/word_markov/dag_markov_ctx2_word_metadata.json +2 -2
.gitattributes CHANGED
@@ -39,3 +39,4 @@ visualizations/position_encoding_comparison.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -t
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  visualizations/tsne_sentences.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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  visualizations/tsne_words.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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  visualizations/zipf_law.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 
 
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  visualizations/tsne_sentences.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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  visualizations/tsne_words.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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  visualizations/zipf_law.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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+ visualizations/embedding_tsne_multilingual.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
README.md CHANGED
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
1
  ---
2
  language: dag
3
- language_name: DAG
4
  language_family: atlantic_gur
5
  tags:
6
  - wikilangs
@@ -10,11 +10,21 @@ tags:
10
  - n-gram
11
  - markov
12
  - wikipedia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13
  - monolingual
14
  - family-atlantic_gur
15
  license: mit
16
  library_name: wikilangs
17
- pipeline_tag: feature-extraction
18
  datasets:
19
  - omarkamali/wikipedia-monthly
20
  dataset_info:
@@ -23,20 +33,20 @@ dataset_info:
23
  metrics:
24
  - name: best_compression_ratio
25
  type: compression
26
- value: 3.797
27
  - name: best_isotropy
28
  type: isotropy
29
- value: 0.8190
30
  - name: vocabulary_size
31
  type: vocab
32
  value: 0
33
- generated: 2026-01-03
34
  ---
35
 
36
- # DAG - Wikilangs Models
37
  ## Comprehensive Research Report & Full Ablation Study
38
 
39
- This repository contains NLP models trained and evaluated by Wikilangs, specifically on **DAG** Wikipedia data.
40
  We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and word embeddings.
41
 
42
  ## 📋 Repository Contents
@@ -60,7 +70,7 @@ We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and
60
  - [3. Markov Chain Evaluation](#3-markov-chain-evaluation)
61
  - [4. Vocabulary Analysis](#4-vocabulary-analysis)
62
  - [5. Word Embeddings Evaluation](#5-word-embeddings-evaluation)
63
- - [6. Morphological Analysis (Experimental)](#6-morphological-analysis)
64
  - [7. Summary & Recommendations](#7-summary--recommendations)
65
  - [Metrics Glossary](#appendix-metrics-glossary--interpretation-guide)
66
  - [Visualizations Index](#visualizations-index)
@@ -80,47 +90,47 @@ We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and
80
 
81
  | Vocab Size | Compression | Avg Token Len | UNK Rate | Total Tokens |
82
  |------------|-------------|---------------|----------|--------------|
83
- | **8k** | 3.299x | 3.30 | 0.0715% | 902,227 |
84
- | **16k** | 3.519x | 3.52 | 0.0763% | 845,892 |
85
- | **32k** | 3.683x | 3.68 | 0.0798% | 808,030 |
86
- | **64k** | 3.797x 🏆 | 3.80 | 0.0823% | 783,801 |
87
 
88
  ### Tokenization Examples
89
 
90
  Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
91
 
92
- **Sample 1:** `Tamale International School (TIS) nyɛla kariŋ zuŋ ti talli m bɛ Jisonayili, Sagn...`
93
 
94
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
95
  |-------|--------|-------|
96
- | 8k | `▁tamale ▁international ▁school( tis )nyɛla ▁kariŋ ▁zu ŋ ... (+14 more)` | 24 |
97
- | 16k | `▁tamale ▁international ▁school( tis )nyɛla ▁kariŋ ▁zu ŋ ... (+11 more)` | 21 |
98
- | 32k | `▁tamale ▁international ▁school( tis ) nyɛla ▁kariŋ ▁zuŋ ▁ti ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
99
- | 64k | `▁tamale ▁internationalschool ▁( tis ) ▁nyɛla ▁kariŋ ▁zuŋ ▁ti ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
100
 
101
- **Sample 2:** ` nyɛla ti gbansabila paɣiba ban nyɛ toondanim bee tiŋgbani zuɣulanima`
102
 
103
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
104
  |-------|--------|-------|
105
- | 8k | `▁ ▁nyɛla ▁tigbansabilapaɣiba ▁bannyɛtoond animbee ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
106
- | 16k | `▁ ▁nyɛla ▁ti ▁gbansabilapaɣibaban ▁nyɛtoond anim bee ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
107
- | 32k | `▁ ▁nyɛla ▁tigbansabilapaɣiba ▁ban ▁nyɛtoond anim bee ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
108
- | 64k | `▁ ▁nyɛla ▁tigbansabilapaɣiba ▁ban ▁nyɛtoond anim bee ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
109
 
110
- **Sample 3:** `GoondaaNaden, Tony. Dagbani dictionary. Webonary. Kundivihira`
111
 
112
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
113
  |-------|--------|-------|
114
- | 8k | `▁go on da anaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
115
- | 16k | `▁go on da anaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
116
- | 32k | `▁go on da anaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ... (+3 more)` | 13 |
117
- | 64k | `▁go onda anaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ▁webonary ... (+2 more)` | 12 |
118
 
119
 
120
  ### Key Findings
121
 
122
- - **Best Compression:** 64k achieves 3.797x compression
123
- - **Lowest UNK Rate:** 8k with 0.0715% unknown tokens
124
  - **Trade-off:** Larger vocabularies improve compression but increase model size
125
  - **Recommendation:** 32k vocabulary provides optimal balance for production use
126
 
@@ -137,12 +147,14 @@ Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
137
 
138
  | N-gram | Variant | Perplexity | Entropy | Unique N-grams | Top-100 Coverage | Top-1000 Coverage |
139
  |--------|---------|------------|---------|----------------|------------------|-------------------|
140
- | **2-gram** | Word | 32,119 | 14.97 | 135,454 | 12.8% | 30.2% |
141
- | **2-gram** | Subword | 338 🏆 | 8.40 | 6,662 | 61.1% | 98.8% |
142
- | **3-gram** | Word | 61,294 | 15.90 | 205,054 | 9.7% | 22.3% |
143
- | **3-gram** | Subword | 3,287 | 11.68 | 48,860 | 19.7% | 63.9% |
144
- | **4-gram** | Word | 122,956 | 16.91 | 377,494 | 8.8% | 17.3% |
145
- | **4-gram** | Subword | 20,734 | 14.34 | 281,639 | 9.1% | 31.1% |
 
 
146
 
147
  ### Top 5 N-grams by Size
148
 
@@ -150,68 +162,88 @@ Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
150
 
151
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
152
  |------|--------|-------|
153
- | 1 | `of the` | 21,384 |
154
- | 2 | `n ti` | 15,953 |
155
- | 3 | `o daa` | 10,685 |
156
- | 4 | `din be` | 10,124 |
157
- | 5 | `ni daa` | 9,962 |
158
 
159
  **3-grams (Word):**
160
 
161
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
162
  |------|--------|-------|
163
- | 1 | `of the year` | 4,890 |
164
- | 2 | `n ti pahi` | 4,503 |
165
  | 3 | `zaŋ n ti` | 3,966 |
166
- | 4 | `nyɛla bɛ ni` | 3,607 |
167
- | 5 | `bɛ ni daa` | 3,248 |
168
 
169
  **4-grams (Word):**
170
 
171
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
172
  |------|--------|-------|
173
- | 1 | `ninsali biɛlim kalibu baŋsim` | 2,948 |
174
- | 2 | `biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu` | 2,948 |
175
  | 3 | `zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali` | 2,947 |
176
  | 4 | `ni nyamma soya economy` | 2,945 |
177
  | 5 | `demographics ninsali biɛlim kalibu` | 2,944 |
178
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
179
  **2-grams (Subword):**
180
 
181
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
182
  |------|--------|-------|
183
- | 1 | `a _` | 739,697 |
184
- | 2 | `i _` | 724,304 |
185
- | 3 | `n _` | 498,067 |
186
- | 4 | `a n` | 496,882 |
187
- | 5 | `, _` | 495,235 |
188
 
189
  **3-grams (Subword):**
190
 
191
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
192
  |------|--------|-------|
193
- | 1 | `n i _` | 221,639 |
194
- | 2 | `_ n i` | 165,629 |
195
- | 3 | `_ m a` | 130,342 |
196
- | 4 | `l i _` | 130,046 |
197
- | 5 | `_ d a` | 129,510 |
198
 
199
  **4-grams (Subword):**
200
 
201
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
202
  |------|--------|-------|
203
- | 1 | `t h e _` | 98,150 |
204
- | 2 | `_ t h e` | 92,918 |
205
- | 3 | `_ n i _` | 91,122 |
206
- | 4 | `_ o f _` | 87,857 |
207
- | 5 | `_ d a a` | 76,848 |
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
208
 
209
 
210
  ### Key Findings
211
 
212
  - **Best Perplexity:** 2-gram (subword) with 338
213
  - **Entropy Trend:** Decreases with larger n-grams (more predictable)
214
- - **Coverage:** Top-1000 patterns cover ~31% of corpus
215
  - **Recommendation:** 4-gram or 5-gram for best predictive performance
216
 
217
  ---
@@ -227,14 +259,14 @@ Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
227
 
228
  | Context | Variant | Avg Entropy | Perplexity | Branching Factor | Unique Contexts | Predictability |
229
  |---------|---------|-------------|------------|------------------|-----------------|----------------|
230
- | **1** | Word | 0.7248 | 1.653 | 6.35 | 344,988 | 27.5% |
231
- | **1** | Subword | 1.1283 | 2.186 | 6.69 | 4,037 | 0.0% |
232
- | **2** | Word | 0.2745 | 1.210 | 1.73 | 2,189,455 | 72.6% |
233
- | **2** | Subword | 0.6262 | 1.543 | 4.19 | 27,009 | 37.4% |
234
- | **3** | Word | 0.1110 | 1.080 | 1.21 | 3,779,471 | 88.9% |
235
- | **3** | Subword | 0.7294 | 1.658 | 4.22 | 113,279 | 27.1% |
236
- | **4** | Word | 0.0538 🏆 | 1.038 | 1.09 | 4,582,569 | 94.6% |
237
- | **4** | Subword | 0.7212 | 1.649 | 3.38 | 478,359 | 27.9% |
238
 
239
  ### Generated Text Samples (Word-based)
240
 
@@ -242,26 +274,26 @@ Below are text samples generated from each word-based Markov chain model:
242
 
243
  **Context Size 1:**
244
 
245
- 1. `ni nyamma soya economy zalikpana mini polish o nyɛla tooi lahi sabiri yɛltɔɣa 23 47`
246
- 2. `the break media binkpɛra transportation kundivihira pubu yaɣali tum yuuni fifa confederations cup s ...`
247
- 3. `of the kurds of a african american lens nyɛla dolodolo mabiligu zaa tinsi salima di ni`
248
 
249
  **Context Size 2:**
250
 
251
- 1. `of the visual arts general science karimba ni climatologist o piligu mini o tumo tarsi taali`
252
- 2. `n ti wɔbigi paati jintɔra justice baah mathuselah daa nyɛla nigeria sasabira niriba bela n daa tɔ`
253
- 3. `o daa lahi sôå kpaåsi kaya ni taɣada culture lahabali churi media binkpɛra transportation kundivihir...`
254
 
255
  **Context Size 3:**
256
 
257
- 1. `of the year featuring farruko la familia urban album of the year lo siento bb himself best male`
258
- 2. `n ti pahi metropolitan museum of art contemporary black artists july 1 31 counterpoints 23 march 16 ...`
259
- 3. `zaŋ n ti daily graphic graphic communications group limited nima n daa ti o photographic curatorship...`
260
 
261
  **Context Size 4:**
262
 
263
- 1. `biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu bomma ni nyamma soya economy zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali law and gover...`
264
- 2. `ninsali biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu bomma ni nyamma soya economy zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali law a...`
265
  3. `zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali law and government baŋsim bɔbu education kaya ni taada lahabali churi m...`
266
 
267
 
@@ -271,34 +303,34 @@ Below are text samples generated from each subword-based Markov chain model:
271
 
272
  **Context Size 1:**
273
 
274
- 1. `_tamprecstessia_`
275
- 2. `abrae_devineri_f`
276
- 3. `ir_imaa_munghica`
277
 
278
  **Context Size 2:**
279
 
280
- 1. `a_noadoma_pause_a`
281
- 2. `i_smi_bortion_ght`
282
- 3. `n_sh_ana_/_mankss`
283
 
284
  **Context Size 3:**
285
 
286
- 1. `ni_sologic_schardk`
287
- 2. `_ni_bɛ_tumahaba_pv`
288
- 3. `_may_les_populi_ma`
289
 
290
  **Context Size 4:**
291
 
292
- 1. `the_cissued_tieth_c`
293
- 2. `_the_sunships,_larr`
294
- 3. `_ni_lebowalestory_c`
295
 
296
 
297
  ### Key Findings
298
 
299
  - **Best Predictability:** Context-4 (word) with 94.6% predictability
300
  - **Branching Factor:** Decreases with context size (more deterministic)
301
- - **Memory Trade-off:** Larger contexts require more storage (478,359 contexts)
302
  - **Recommendation:** Context-3 or Context-4 for text generation
303
 
304
  ---
@@ -314,64 +346,64 @@ Below are text samples generated from each subword-based Markov chain model:
314
 
315
  | Metric | Value |
316
  |--------|-------|
317
- | Vocabulary Size | 131,668 |
318
- | Total Tokens | 5,761,123 |
319
- | Mean Frequency | 43.75 |
320
  | Median Frequency | 4 |
321
- | Frequency Std Dev | 757.65 |
322
 
323
  ### Most Common Words
324
 
325
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
326
  |------|------|-----------|
327
- | 1 | ni | 104,103 |
328
- | 2 | the | 91,175 |
329
- | 3 | of | 87,976 |
330
- | 4 | daa | 75,182 |
331
- | 5 | o | 70,845 |
332
- | 6 | ka | 69,699 |
333
- | 7 | n | 51,684 |
334
- | 8 | nyɛla | 49,641 |
335
- | 9 | din | 47,965 |
336
- | 10 | di | 44,711 |
337
 
338
  ### Least Common Words (from vocabulary)
339
 
340
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
341
  |------|------|-----------|
342
- | 1 | menteith | 2 |
343
- | 2 | marischal | 2 |
344
- | 3 | dupplin | 2 |
345
- | 4 | malakula | 2 |
346
- | 5 | ambrym | 2 |
347
- | 6 | malekula | 2 |
348
- | 7 | biili | 2 |
349
- | 8 | chaira | 2 |
350
- | 9 | juŋ | 2 |
351
- | 10 | surim | 2 |
352
 
353
  ### Zipf's Law Analysis
354
 
355
  | Metric | Value |
356
  |--------|-------|
357
- | Zipf Coefficient | 1.0503 |
358
- | R² (Goodness of Fit) | 0.994826 |
359
  | Adherence Quality | **excellent** |
360
 
361
  ### Coverage Analysis
362
 
363
  | Top N Words | Coverage |
364
  |-------------|----------|
365
- | Top 100 | 31.5% |
366
  | Top 1,000 | 58.6% |
367
  | Top 5,000 | 77.5% |
368
  | Top 10,000 | 84.5% |
369
 
370
  ### Key Findings
371
 
372
- - **Zipf Compliance:** R²=0.9948 indicates excellent adherence to Zipf's law
373
- - **High Frequency Dominance:** Top 100 words cover 31.5% of corpus
374
- - **Long Tail:** 121,668 words needed for remaining 15.5% coverage
375
 
376
  ---
377
  ## 5. Word Embeddings Evaluation
@@ -387,37 +419,40 @@ Below are text samples generated from each subword-based Markov chain model:
387
 
388
  ### 5.1 Cross-Lingual Alignment
389
 
390
- > *Note: Multilingual alignment visualization not available for this language.*
 
 
391
 
392
 
393
  ### 5.2 Model Comparison
394
 
395
  | Model | Dimension | Isotropy | Semantic Density | Alignment R@1 | Alignment R@10 |
396
  |-------|-----------|----------|------------------|---------------|----------------|
397
- | **mono_32d** | 32 | 0.7977 | 0.3405 | N/A | N/A |
398
- | **mono_64d** | 64 | 0.8086 | 0.2759 | N/A | N/A |
399
- | **mono_128d** | 128 | 0.8190 🏆 | 0.2136 | N/A | N/A |
 
 
 
400
 
401
  ### Key Findings
402
 
403
- - **Best Isotropy:** mono_128d with 0.8190 (more uniform distribution)
404
- - **Semantic Density:** Average pairwise similarity of 0.2767. Lower values indicate better semantic separation.
405
- - **Alignment Quality:** No aligned models evaluated in this run.
406
  - **Recommendation:** 128d aligned for best cross-lingual performance
407
 
408
  ---
409
  ## 6. Morphological Analysis (Experimental)
410
 
411
- > ⚠️ **Warning:** This language shows low morphological productivity. The statistical signals used for this analysis may be noisy or less reliable than for morphologically rich languages.
412
-
413
  This section presents an automated morphological analysis derived from the statistical divergence between word-level and subword-level models. By analyzing where subword predictability spikes and where word-level coverage fails, we can infer linguistic structures without supervised data.
414
 
415
  ### 6.1 Productivity & Complexity
416
 
417
  | Metric | Value | Interpretation | Recommendation |
418
  |--------|-------|----------------|----------------|
419
- | Productivity Index | **0.000** | Low morphological productivity | ⚠️ Likely unreliable |
420
- | Idiomaticity Gap | **-1.000** | Low formulaic content | - |
421
 
422
  ### 6.2 Affix Inventory (Productive Units)
423
 
@@ -426,16 +461,15 @@ These are the most productive prefixes and suffixes identified by sampling the v
426
  #### Productive Prefixes
427
  | Prefix | Examples |
428
  |--------|----------|
429
- | `-ma` | maresca, malaquais, maehara |
430
 
431
  #### Productive Suffixes
432
  | Suffix | Examples |
433
  |--------|----------|
434
- | `-er` | abaranger, bridgwater, alencier |
435
- | `-an` | seyitan, weitman, eghan |
436
- | `-ed` | crowned, programmed, loosed |
437
- | `-ng` | rongguang, invading, watling |
438
- | `-on` | ferguson, kongaction, turgeon |
439
 
440
  ### 6.3 Bound Stems (Lexical Roots)
441
 
@@ -443,18 +477,18 @@ Bound stems are high-frequency subword units that are semantically cohesive but
443
 
444
  | Stem | Cohesion | Substitutability | Examples |
445
  |------|----------|------------------|----------|
446
- | `ihir` | 2.44x | 42 contexts | vihir, vihiri, lihira |
447
- | `ison` | 2.20x | 60 contexts | sison, bison, isong |
448
- | `uuni` | 2.39x | 37 contexts | tuuni, nuuni, guuni |
449
- | `nter` | 1.87x | 69 contexts | unter, enter, inter |
450
- | `ctor` | 1.94x | 43 contexts | actor, actors, actora |
451
- | `riso` | 2.31x | 23 contexts | prison, bɔriso, arison |
452
- | `reen` | 1.99x | 37 contexts | green, breen, reena |
453
- | `atio` | 1.84x | 46 contexts | patio, ation, ratio |
454
- | `tern` | 1.80x | 48 contexts | terna, stern, terns |
455
- | `ture` | 1.74x | 54 contexts | cuture, mature, nature |
456
- | `rect` | 2.18x | 23 contexts | recta, recto, direct |
457
- | `awar` | 1.86x | 40 contexts | aware, pawar, yawar |
458
 
459
  ### 6.4 Affix Compatibility (Co-occurrence)
460
 
@@ -462,11 +496,10 @@ This table shows which prefixes and suffixes most frequently co-occur on the sam
462
 
463
  | Prefix | Suffix | Frequency | Examples |
464
  |--------|--------|-----------|----------|
465
- | `-ma` | `-ng` | 4 words | managing, mating |
466
- | `-ma` | `-ed` | 3 words | maherunited, manhandled |
467
- | `-ma` | `-on` | 2 words | manon, mathison |
468
- | `-ma` | `-an` | 2 words | magpakailanman, marjan |
469
- | `-ma` | `-er` | 1 words | manger, mater |
470
 
471
  ### 6.5 Recursive Morpheme Segmentation
472
 
@@ -474,26 +507,26 @@ Using **Recursive Hierarchical Substitutability**, we decompose complex words in
474
 
475
  | Word | Suggested Split | Confidence | Stem |
476
  |------|-----------------|------------|------|
477
- | kambangan | **`kamba-ng-an`** | 6.0 | `kamba` |
478
- | illumination | **`illuminati-on`** | 4.5 | `illuminati` |
479
- | parenting | **`parenti-ng`** | 4.5 | `parenti` |
480
- | gregorian | **`gregori-an`** | 4.5 | `gregori` |
481
- | transkeian | **`transkei-an`** | 4.5 | `transkei` |
482
- | sheltered | **`shelt-er-ed`** | 3.0 | `shelt` |
483
- | abandoned | **`aband-on-ed`** | 3.0 | `aband` |
484
- | mannheimer | **`ma-nnheim-er`** | 3.0 | `nnheim` |
 
485
  | malnutrition | **`ma-lnutriti-on`** | 3.0 | `lnutriti` |
486
- | homemaker | **`homemak-er`** | 1.5 | `homemak` |
487
- | swintonunited | **`swintonunit-ed`** | 1.5 | `swintonunit` |
488
- | xiaoxiang | **`xiaoxia-ng`** | 1.5 | `xiaoxia` |
489
- | venneraunited | **`venneraunit-ed`** | 1.5 | `venneraunit` |
490
- | grantunited | **`grantunit-ed`** | 1.5 | `grantunit` |
491
- | substation | **`substati-on`** | 1.5 | `substati` |
492
 
493
  ### 6.6 Linguistic Interpretation
494
 
495
  > **Automated Insight:**
496
- The language DAG appears to be more isolating or has a highly fixed vocabulary. Word-level models perform nearly as well as subword models, indicating fewer productive morphological processes.
497
 
498
  ---
499
  ## 7. Summary & Recommendations
@@ -504,7 +537,7 @@ The language DAG appears to be more isolating or has a highly fixed vocabulary.
504
 
505
  | Component | Recommended | Rationale |
506
  |-----------|-------------|-----------|
507
- | Tokenizer | **64k BPE** | Best compression (3.80x) |
508
  | N-gram | **2-gram** | Lowest perplexity (338) |
509
  | Markov | **Context-4** | Highest predictability (94.6%) |
510
  | Embeddings | **100d** | Balanced semantic capture and isotropy |
@@ -720,4 +753,4 @@ MIT License - Free for academic and commercial use.
720
  ---
721
  *Generated by Wikilangs Models Pipeline*
722
 
723
- *Report Date: 2026-01-03 11:48:18*
 
1
  ---
2
  language: dag
3
+ language_name: Dagbani
4
  language_family: atlantic_gur
5
  tags:
6
  - wikilangs
 
10
  - n-gram
11
  - markov
12
  - wikipedia
13
+ - feature-extraction
14
+ - sentence-similarity
15
+ - tokenization
16
+ - n-grams
17
+ - markov-chain
18
+ - text-mining
19
+ - fasttext
20
+ - babelvec
21
+ - vocabulous
22
+ - vocabulary
23
  - monolingual
24
  - family-atlantic_gur
25
  license: mit
26
  library_name: wikilangs
27
+ pipeline_tag: text-generation
28
  datasets:
29
  - omarkamali/wikipedia-monthly
30
  dataset_info:
 
33
  metrics:
34
  - name: best_compression_ratio
35
  type: compression
36
+ value: 3.794
37
  - name: best_isotropy
38
  type: isotropy
39
+ value: 0.8139
40
  - name: vocabulary_size
41
  type: vocab
42
  value: 0
43
+ generated: 2026-01-04
44
  ---
45
 
46
+ # Dagbani - Wikilangs Models
47
  ## Comprehensive Research Report & Full Ablation Study
48
 
49
+ This repository contains NLP models trained and evaluated by Wikilangs, specifically on **Dagbani** Wikipedia data.
50
  We analyze tokenizers, n-gram models, Markov chains, vocabulary statistics, and word embeddings.
51
 
52
  ## 📋 Repository Contents
 
70
  - [3. Markov Chain Evaluation](#3-markov-chain-evaluation)
71
  - [4. Vocabulary Analysis](#4-vocabulary-analysis)
72
  - [5. Word Embeddings Evaluation](#5-word-embeddings-evaluation)
73
+ - [6. Morphological Analysis (Experimental)](#6--morphological-analysis-experimental)
74
  - [7. Summary & Recommendations](#7-summary--recommendations)
75
  - [Metrics Glossary](#appendix-metrics-glossary--interpretation-guide)
76
  - [Visualizations Index](#visualizations-index)
 
90
 
91
  | Vocab Size | Compression | Avg Token Len | UNK Rate | Total Tokens |
92
  |------------|-------------|---------------|----------|--------------|
93
+ | **8k** | 3.300x | 3.30 | 0.0720% | 894,994 |
94
+ | **16k** | 3.518x | 3.52 | 0.0767% | 839,477 |
95
+ | **32k** | 3.682x | 3.68 | 0.0803% | 801,972 |
96
+ | **64k** | 3.794x 🏆 | 3.80 | 0.0827% | 778,290 |
97
 
98
  ### Tokenization Examples
99
 
100
  Below are sample sentences tokenized with each vocabulary size:
101
 
102
+ **Sample 1:** `Nyuwɔɣu / Nawɔɣu (wateryam)Naden, Tony. Dagbani dictionary. Webonary. Kundivihir...`
103
 
104
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
105
  |-------|--------|-------|
106
+ | 8k | `▁nyu w ɔɣu ▁/ na w ɔɣu( water yam ... (+11 more)` | 21 |
107
+ | 16k | `▁nyu w ɔɣu ▁/ na w ɔɣu( water yam ... (+11 more)` | 21 |
108
+ | 32k | `▁nyu w ɔɣu ▁/ naw ɔɣu( water yam ) ... (+10 more)` | 20 |
109
+ | 64k | `▁nyu wɔɣu ▁/ naw ɔɣu ▁( water yam ) naden ... (+9 more)` | 19 |
110
 
111
+ **Sample 2:** `Nakɔhigu nyɛla daankali tuma Dagbaŋ. Ban be di puuni kuri la nima. Di Piligu Be ...`
112
 
113
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
114
  |-------|--------|-------|
115
+ | 8k | `▁na higunyɛladaan kalitumadagbaŋ .ban ... (+12 more)` | 22 |
116
+ | 16k | `▁nakɔ higu ▁nyɛla ▁daan kalitumadagbaŋ .banbe ... (+11 more)` | 21 |
117
+ | 32k | `▁nakɔhigu ▁nyɛla ▁daankalitumadagbaŋ . ▁ban ▁bedipuuni ... (+9 more)` | 19 |
118
+ | 64k | `▁nakɔhigu ▁nyɛla ▁daankalitumadagbaŋ . ▁ban ▁bedipuuni ... (+9 more)` | 19 |
119
 
120
+ **Sample 3:** `LaniNaden, Tony. Dagbani dictionary. Webonary.nyɛla doo dabilim yaɣishɛli. Kundi...`
121
 
122
  | Vocab | Tokens | Count |
123
  |-------|--------|-------|
124
+ | 8k | `▁lan inaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ▁webonary . ... (+9 more)` | 19 |
125
+ | 16k | `▁lan inaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ▁webonary . ... (+8 more)` | 18 |
126
+ | 32k | `▁lan inaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ▁webonary . ... (+7 more)` | 17 |
127
+ | 64k | `▁lan inaden , ▁tony . ▁dagbani ▁dictionary . ▁webonary . ... (+7 more)` | 17 |
128
 
129
 
130
  ### Key Findings
131
 
132
+ - **Best Compression:** 64k achieves 3.794x compression
133
+ - **Lowest UNK Rate:** 8k with 0.0720% unknown tokens
134
  - **Trade-off:** Larger vocabularies improve compression but increase model size
135
  - **Recommendation:** 32k vocabulary provides optimal balance for production use
136
 
 
147
 
148
  | N-gram | Variant | Perplexity | Entropy | Unique N-grams | Top-100 Coverage | Top-1000 Coverage |
149
  |--------|---------|------------|---------|----------------|------------------|-------------------|
150
+ | **2-gram** | Word | 31,979 | 14.96 | 135,270 | 12.8% | 30.3% |
151
+ | **2-gram** | Subword | 338 🏆 | 8.40 | 6,640 | 61.2% | 98.8% |
152
+ | **3-gram** | Word | 61,233 | 15.90 | 205,091 | 9.7% | 22.3% |
153
+ | **3-gram** | Subword | 3,279 | 11.68 | 48,644 | 19.8% | 63.9% |
154
+ | **4-gram** | Word | 122,791 | 16.91 | 377,150 | 8.8% | 17.3% |
155
+ | **4-gram** | Subword | 20,666 | 14.33 | 280,804 | 9.1% | 31.2% |
156
+ | **5-gram** | Word | 83,218 | 16.34 | 277,989 | 11.4% | 19.8% |
157
+ | **5-gram** | Subword | 81,311 | 16.31 | 863,645 | 5.8% | 20.0% |
158
 
159
  ### Top 5 N-grams by Size
160
 
 
162
 
163
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
164
  |------|--------|-------|
165
+ | 1 | `of the` | 21,162 |
166
+ | 2 | `n ti` | 16,066 |
167
+ | 3 | `o daa` | 10,740 |
168
+ | 4 | `din be` | 10,157 |
169
+ | 5 | `ka di` | 10,044 |
170
 
171
  **3-grams (Word):**
172
 
173
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
174
  |------|--------|-------|
175
+ | 1 | `of the year` | 4,882 |
176
+ | 2 | `n ti pahi` | 4,540 |
177
  | 3 | `zaŋ n ti` | 3,966 |
178
+ | 4 | `nyɛla bɛ ni` | 3,631 |
179
+ | 5 | `bɛ ni daa` | 3,273 |
180
 
181
  **4-grams (Word):**
182
 
183
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
184
  |------|--------|-------|
185
+ | 1 | `biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu` | 2,948 |
186
+ | 2 | `ninsali biɛlim kalibu baŋsim` | 2,948 |
187
  | 3 | `zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali` | 2,947 |
188
  | 4 | `ni nyamma soya economy` | 2,945 |
189
  | 5 | `demographics ninsali biɛlim kalibu` | 2,944 |
190
 
191
+ **5-grams (Word):**
192
+
193
+ | Rank | N-gram | Count |
194
+ |------|--------|-------|
195
+ | 1 | `ninsali biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu` | 2,948 |
196
+ | 2 | `demographics ninsali biɛlim kalibu baŋsim` | 2,944 |
197
+ | 3 | `tali law and government baŋsim` | 2,943 |
198
+ | 4 | `gɔmnanti tali law and government` | 2,943 |
199
+ | 5 | `mini gɔmnanti tali law and` | 2,943 |
200
+
201
  **2-grams (Subword):**
202
 
203
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
204
  |------|--------|-------|
205
+ | 1 | `a _` | 742,691 |
206
+ | 2 | `i _` | 729,151 |
207
+ | 3 | `n _` | 496,810 |
208
+ | 4 | `a n` | 496,260 |
209
+ | 5 | `, _` | 494,751 |
210
 
211
  **3-grams (Subword):**
212
 
213
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
214
  |------|--------|-------|
215
+ | 1 | `n i _` | 223,179 |
216
+ | 2 | `_ n i` | 166,766 |
217
+ | 3 | `l i _` | 131,067 |
218
+ | 4 | `_ m a` | 130,487 |
219
+ | 5 | `_ d a` | 130,222 |
220
 
221
  **4-grams (Subword):**
222
 
223
  | Rank | N-gram | Count |
224
  |------|--------|-------|
225
+ | 1 | `t h e _` | 96,966 |
226
+ | 2 | `_ n i _` | 91,865 |
227
+ | 3 | `_ t h e` | 91,838 |
228
+ | 4 | `_ o f _` | 86,951 |
229
+ | 5 | `_ d a a` | 77,547 |
230
+
231
+ **5-grams (Subword):**
232
+
233
+ | Rank | N-gram | Count |
234
+ |------|--------|-------|
235
+ | 1 | `_ t h e _` | 86,257 |
236
+ | 2 | `_ d a a _` | 73,635 |
237
+ | 3 | `y ɛ l a _` | 50,822 |
238
+ | 4 | `n y ɛ l a` | 50,735 |
239
+ | 5 | `_ n y ɛ l` | 49,922 |
240
 
241
 
242
  ### Key Findings
243
 
244
  - **Best Perplexity:** 2-gram (subword) with 338
245
  - **Entropy Trend:** Decreases with larger n-grams (more predictable)
246
+ - **Coverage:** Top-1000 patterns cover ~20% of corpus
247
  - **Recommendation:** 4-gram or 5-gram for best predictive performance
248
 
249
  ---
 
259
 
260
  | Context | Variant | Avg Entropy | Perplexity | Branching Factor | Unique Contexts | Predictability |
261
  |---------|---------|-------------|------------|------------------|-----------------|----------------|
262
+ | **1** | Word | 0.7239 | 1.652 | 6.34 | 344,700 | 27.6% |
263
+ | **1** | Subword | 1.1279 | 2.185 | 6.69 | 4,036 | 0.0% |
264
+ | **2** | Word | 0.2746 | 1.210 | 1.73 | 2,184,048 | 72.5% |
265
+ | **2** | Subword | 0.6246 | 1.542 | 4.19 | 26,994 | 37.5% |
266
+ | **3** | Word | 0.1113 | 1.080 | 1.21 | 3,772,159 | 88.9% |
267
+ | **3** | Subword | 0.7278 | 1.656 | 4.22 | 112,970 | 27.2% |
268
+ | **4** | Word | 0.0540 🏆 | 1.038 | 1.09 | 4,576,663 | 94.6% |
269
+ | **4** | Subword | 0.7217 | 1.649 | 3.38 | 476,865 | 27.8% |
270
 
271
  ### Generated Text Samples (Word-based)
272
 
 
274
 
275
  **Context Size 1:**
276
 
277
+ 1. `ni 146 naɣila ni 3 mini periodic teebuli maa zaa di yuuni puuni ka buɣujɛmdiba`
278
+ 2. `the title close to score after the laws ebube ordinary john brascia lucille la kasbah n`
279
+ 3. `of china art museum swarthmore fullback gene quintano screenplay by burroughsrob bridgett tina mensa...`
280
 
281
  **Context Size 2:**
282
 
283
+ 1. `of the treasure of pancho villa as mimi alexis puig as militar adriana russo kundiviha the film`
284
+ 2. `n ti best supporting actress go go girl m net mytv formerly astv newzroom afrika nongoma tv`
285
+ 3. `o daa pilli shɛli yuuni puuni n nyɛ toon tibo suhudoo dabsili yuuni ŋɔ churi critics lists`
286
 
287
  **Context Size 3:**
288
 
289
+ 1. `of the year amy grant southern gospel album of the year invade my soul by the tree chuck`
290
+ 2. `n ti pahi 503 votes ntoso daa dolila ghanas independence din daa n niŋ ka bindirigu bi niŋ`
291
+ 3. `zaŋ n ti master of medicine mmed in internal medicine since master of medicine n ti pahi princess`
292
 
293
  **Context Size 4:**
294
 
295
+ 1. `ninsali biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu bomma ni nyamma soya economy zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali law a...`
296
+ 2. `biɛlim kalibu baŋsim bɔhimbu bomma ni nyamma soya economy zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali law and gover...`
297
  3. `zalikpana mini gɔmnanti tali law and government baŋsim bɔbu education kaya ni taada lahabali churi m...`
298
 
299
 
 
303
 
304
  **Context Size 1:**
305
 
306
+ 1. `_ryɛld_baninasou`
307
+ 2. `a_y_benteso_plag`
308
+ 3. `iound_n_na_ni_er`
309
 
310
  **Context Size 2:**
311
 
312
+ 1. `a_bes_tuma_prishe`
313
+ 2. `i_st_a_le_rickinm`
314
+ 3. `n_naner_fation,_d`
315
 
316
  **Context Size 3:**
317
 
318
+ 1. `ni_daa_niŋ_maŋsim_`
319
+ 2. `_ni_sam_kyung_high`
320
+ 3. `li_ary_la_of_the_d`
321
 
322
  **Context Size 4:**
323
 
324
+ 1. `the_illum,_alexande`
325
+ 2. `_ni_di_rhondon_hee-`
326
+ 3. `_the_museum._frases`
327
 
328
 
329
  ### Key Findings
330
 
331
  - **Best Predictability:** Context-4 (word) with 94.6% predictability
332
  - **Branching Factor:** Decreases with context size (more deterministic)
333
+ - **Memory Trade-off:** Larger contexts require more storage (476,865 contexts)
334
  - **Recommendation:** Context-3 or Context-4 for text generation
335
 
336
  ---
 
346
 
347
  | Metric | Value |
348
  |--------|-------|
349
+ | Vocabulary Size | 131,415 |
350
+ | Total Tokens | 5,756,455 |
351
+ | Mean Frequency | 43.80 |
352
  | Median Frequency | 4 |
353
+ | Frequency Std Dev | 759.26 |
354
 
355
  ### Most Common Words
356
 
357
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
358
  |------|------|-----------|
359
+ | 1 | ni | 104,912 |
360
+ | 2 | the | 89,996 |
361
+ | 3 | of | 87,067 |
362
+ | 4 | daa | 75,848 |
363
+ | 5 | o | 71,090 |
364
+ | 6 | ka | 70,258 |
365
+ | 7 | n | 52,198 |
366
+ | 8 | nyɛla | 49,965 |
367
+ | 9 | din | 48,314 |
368
+ | 10 | di | 45,125 |
369
 
370
  ### Least Common Words (from vocabulary)
371
 
372
  | Rank | Word | Frequency |
373
  |------|------|-----------|
374
+ | 1 | yikonim | 2 |
375
+ | 2 | asj | 2 |
376
+ | 3 | fiqhi | 2 |
377
+ | 4 | sapuhi | 2 |
378
+ | 5 | hoti | 2 |
379
+ | 6 | breams | 2 |
380
+ | 7 | xai | 2 |
381
+ | 8 | coloboma | 2 |
382
+ | 9 | ziɛ | 2 |
383
+ | 10 | bɔɔlɔ | 2 |
384
 
385
  ### Zipf's Law Analysis
386
 
387
  | Metric | Value |
388
  |--------|-------|
389
+ | Zipf Coefficient | 1.0507 |
390
+ | R² (Goodness of Fit) | 0.994879 |
391
  | Adherence Quality | **excellent** |
392
 
393
  ### Coverage Analysis
394
 
395
  | Top N Words | Coverage |
396
  |-------------|----------|
397
+ | Top 100 | 31.6% |
398
  | Top 1,000 | 58.6% |
399
  | Top 5,000 | 77.5% |
400
  | Top 10,000 | 84.5% |
401
 
402
  ### Key Findings
403
 
404
+ - **Zipf Compliance:** R²=0.9949 indicates excellent adherence to Zipf's law
405
+ - **High Frequency Dominance:** Top 100 words cover 31.6% of corpus
406
+ - **Long Tail:** 121,415 words needed for remaining 15.5% coverage
407
 
408
  ---
409
  ## 5. Word Embeddings Evaluation
 
419
 
420
  ### 5.1 Cross-Lingual Alignment
421
 
422
+ ![Alignment Quality](visualizations/embedding_alignment_quality.png)
423
+
424
+ ![Multilingual t-SNE](visualizations/embedding_tsne_multilingual.png)
425
 
426
 
427
  ### 5.2 Model Comparison
428
 
429
  | Model | Dimension | Isotropy | Semantic Density | Alignment R@1 | Alignment R@10 |
430
  |-------|-----------|----------|------------------|---------------|----------------|
431
+ | **mono_32d** | 32 | 0.7990 | 0.3615 | N/A | N/A |
432
+ | **mono_64d** | 64 | 0.8035 | 0.2926 | N/A | N/A |
433
+ | **mono_128d** | 128 | 0.8139 | 0.2158 | N/A | N/A |
434
+ | **aligned_32d** | 32 | 0.7990 | 0.3542 | 0.1220 | 0.4920 |
435
+ | **aligned_64d** | 64 | 0.8035 | 0.2751 | 0.2420 | 0.6800 |
436
+ | **aligned_128d** | 128 | 0.8139 🏆 | 0.2184 | 0.3840 | 0.7540 |
437
 
438
  ### Key Findings
439
 
440
+ - **Best Isotropy:** aligned_128d with 0.8139 (more uniform distribution)
441
+ - **Semantic Density:** Average pairwise similarity of 0.2863. Lower values indicate better semantic separation.
442
+ - **Alignment Quality:** Aligned models achieve up to 38.4% R@1 in cross-lingual retrieval.
443
  - **Recommendation:** 128d aligned for best cross-lingual performance
444
 
445
  ---
446
  ## 6. Morphological Analysis (Experimental)
447
 
 
 
448
  This section presents an automated morphological analysis derived from the statistical divergence between word-level and subword-level models. By analyzing where subword predictability spikes and where word-level coverage fails, we can infer linguistic structures without supervised data.
449
 
450
  ### 6.1 Productivity & Complexity
451
 
452
  | Metric | Value | Interpretation | Recommendation |
453
  |--------|-------|----------------|----------------|
454
+ | Productivity Index | **5.000** | High morphological productivity | Reliable analysis |
455
+ | Idiomaticity Gap | **-0.010** | Low formulaic content | - |
456
 
457
  ### 6.2 Affix Inventory (Productive Units)
458
 
 
461
  #### Productive Prefixes
462
  | Prefix | Examples |
463
  |--------|----------|
464
+ | `-ma` | mazzotta, malvína, manilyn |
465
 
466
  #### Productive Suffixes
467
  | Suffix | Examples |
468
  |--------|----------|
469
+ | `-er` | sanger, schmucker, reefroger |
470
+ | `-ed` | aliunited, hayekunited, affected |
471
+ | `-an` | statestarzan, parisian, cappleman |
472
+ | `-on` | gudnason, bronston, verdon |
 
473
 
474
  ### 6.3 Bound Stems (Lexical Roots)
475
 
 
477
 
478
  | Stem | Cohesion | Substitutability | Examples |
479
  |------|----------|------------------|----------|
480
+ | `uuni` | 2.43x | 37 contexts | guuni, yuuni, duuni |
481
+ | `ihir` | 2.32x | 42 contexts | vihir, pihiri, lihira |
482
+ | `ison` | 2.11x | 60 contexts | isong, mison, isono |
483
+ | `nter` | 1.90x | 69 contexts | enter, inter, unter |
484
+ | `ctor` | 1.95x | 43 contexts | actor, sector, factor |
485
+ | `atio` | 1.88x | 46 contexts | ratio, patio, ation |
486
+ | `ture` | 1.79x | 54 contexts | mature, cuture, future |
487
+ | `reen` | 1.97x | 37 contexts | reena, breen, green |
488
+ | `tern` | 1.84x | 48 contexts | stern, terns, terna |
489
+ | `riso` | 2.21x | 23 contexts | arison, prison, bɔriso |
490
+ | `rect` | 2.19x | 22 contexts | recta, rector, direct |
491
+ | `ogra` | 1.95x | 32 contexts | dogra, yograj, biograd |
492
 
493
  ### 6.4 Affix Compatibility (Co-occurrence)
494
 
 
496
 
497
  | Prefix | Suffix | Frequency | Examples |
498
  |--------|--------|-----------|----------|
499
+ | `-ma` | `-an` | 8 words | mariaan, mailman |
500
+ | `-ma` | `-ed` | 8 words | matched, marloweunited |
501
+ | `-ma` | `-on` | 5 words | malnutrition, marsbyron |
502
+ | `-ma` | `-er` | 1 words | marmer, mayweather |
 
503
 
504
  ### 6.5 Recursive Morpheme Segmentation
505
 
 
507
 
508
  | Word | Suggested Split | Confidence | Stem |
509
  |------|-----------------|------------|------|
510
+ | nyankpalan | **`nyankpal-an`** | 4.5 | `nyankpal` |
511
+ | schweiger | **`schweig-er`** | 4.5 | `schweig` |
512
+ | cricketer | **`cricket-er`** | 4.5 | `cricket` |
513
+ | michelson | **`michels-on`** | 4.5 | `michels` |
514
+ | shipwrecked | **`shipwreck-ed`** | 4.5 | `shipwreck` |
515
+ | macgruber | **`ma-cgrub-er`** | 3.0 | `cgrub` |
516
+ | madhunandan | **`ma-dhunand-an`** | 3.0 | `dhunand` |
517
+ | chalcedon | **`chalc-ed-on`** | 3.0 | `chalc` |
518
+ | skycameron | **`skycam-er-on`** | 3.0 | `skycam` |
519
  | malnutrition | **`ma-lnutriti-on`** | 3.0 | `lnutriti` |
520
+ | metropolitansan | **`metropolitans-an`** | 1.5 | `metropolitans` |
521
+ | trevorunited | **`trevorunit-ed`** | 1.5 | `trevorunit` |
522
+ | meaneyunited | **`meaneyunit-ed`** | 1.5 | `meaneyunit` |
523
+ | cattrallunited | **`cattrallunit-ed`** | 1.5 | `cattrallunit` |
524
+ | margherita | **`ma-rgherita`** | 1.5 | `rgherita` |
 
525
 
526
  ### 6.6 Linguistic Interpretation
527
 
528
  > **Automated Insight:**
529
+ The language Dagbani shows high morphological productivity. The subword models are significantly more efficient than word models, suggesting a rich system of affixation or compounding.
530
 
531
  ---
532
  ## 7. Summary & Recommendations
 
537
 
538
  | Component | Recommended | Rationale |
539
  |-----------|-------------|-----------|
540
+ | Tokenizer | **64k BPE** | Best compression (3.79x) |
541
  | N-gram | **2-gram** | Lowest perplexity (338) |
542
  | Markov | **Context-4** | Highest predictability (94.6%) |
543
  | Embeddings | **100d** | Balanced semantic capture and isotropy |
 
753
  ---
754
  *Generated by Wikilangs Models Pipeline*
755
 
756
+ *Report Date: 2026-01-04 01:58:15*
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