Improve model card metadata and add research links
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nielsr HF Staff - opened
README.md
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---
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license: mit
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tags:
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pipeline_tag: feature-extraction
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library_name: pytorch
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language:
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---
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# OSF: On Pre-training and Scaling of Sleep Foundation Models
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[](https://yang-ai-lab.github.io/osf/)
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[](LICENSE)
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[](#installation)
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## ๐ฅ News
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- [2026-2-24] Our codebase and checkpoint is released. Full codebase for benchmarking will be public available after acceptance.
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## ๐ Introduction
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Polysomnography (PSG) provides the gold standard for sleep assessment but suffers from substantial heterogeneity across recording devices and cohorts.
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There have been growing efforts to build general-purpose foundation models (FMs) for sleep physiology, but lack an in-depth understanding of the pre-training process and scaling patterns that lead to more generalizable sleep FMs.
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To fill this gap, we curate a massive corpus of 166,500 hours of sleep recordings from nine public sources and establish SleepBench, a comprehensive, fully open-source benchmark.
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Leveraging SleepBench, we systematically evaluate four families of self-supervised pre-training objectives and uncover three critical findings:
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(1) existing FMs fail to generalize to missing channels at inference;
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(2) channel-invariant feature learning is essential for pre-training;
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and (3) scaling sample size, model capacity, and multi-source data mixture consistently improves downstream performance.
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With an enhanced pre-training and scaling recipe, we introduce OSF, a family of sleep FMs that achieves state-of-the-art performance across nine datasets on diverse sleep and disease prediction tasks.
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Further analysis of OSF also reveals intriguing properties in sample efficiency, hierarchical aggregation, and cross-dataset scaling.
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## ๐ Table of Contents
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1. [Installation](#-installation)
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2. [Quick Start](#-quick-start)
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3. [Pretrained Weights](#-pretrained-weights)
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4. [Usage](#-usage)
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5. [Benchmark Evaluations](#-benchmark-evaluations)
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6. [Supported Datasets](#-supported-datasets)
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7. [Citation](#-citation)
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## ๐ฟ Installation
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conda activate myenv
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```
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### Dependencies
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- Python >= 3.10
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- PyTorch >= 2.9.0
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- PyTorch Lightning >= 2.5.5
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## ๐ Quick Start
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We provide a demo notebook (`demo.ipynb`) demonstrating how to extract embeddings from PSG signals using the pretrained model.
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# patch_embs: [B, 90, 768] - Local patch representations
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```
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## ๐ฆ Pretrained Weights
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| Model | Backbone | Channels |
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|-------|----------|----------|
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| OSF | ViT-Base | 12-ch |
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The pretrained weights are included in this repository. You can download them via the Hugging Face Hub:
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```python
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from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
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checkpoint_path = hf_hub_download(repo_id="yang-ai-lab/OSF-Base", filename="osf_backbone.pth")
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```
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Or via the CLI:
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```bash
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huggingface-cli download yang-ai-lab/OSF-Base osf_backbone.pth
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```
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## ๐ฉโ๐ป Usage
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### Input Format
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- **Epoch Length**: 30 seconds
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- **Input Shape**: `[B, 12, 1920]`
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### Pretraining
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We support multiple self-supervised pretraining methods, for example, to launch pre-training of our OSF method, run pretraining:
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```bash
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python main_pretrain.py \
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--model_name "dino_ours" \
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--psg_encoder_name "vit_base" \
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--batch_size 256 \
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--lr 5e-5 \
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--max_epochs 30 \
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--num_devices 4 \
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--patch_size_time 64 \
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--patch_size_ch 4 \
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--precision "bf16-mixed"
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```
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See `main_pipleines/main_pretrain.py` for more detailed settings.
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### Fine-tuning
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Fine-tune the pretrained model on downstream tasks:
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```bash
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python main_finetune.py \
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--model_name "dino_ours" \
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--ckpt_path "/path/to/pretrained/checkpoint.ckpt" \
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--downstream_dataset_name "shhs" \
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--eval_label "Stage" \
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--train_data_pct 1.0 \
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--max_steps 500 \
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--lr 0.1 \
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--num_devices 4
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```
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## ๐ Benchmark Evaluations
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| Method | Type | Original Paper |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| SleepFM | Contrastive | Leave-one-out multi-modal contrastive learning |
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| SimCLR | Contrastive | Simple Contrastive Learning |
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| DINO | Self-distillation | DINOv2 (Oquab et al., 2023) |
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| VQ-VAE | Reconstruction | Vector-quantized variational autoencoder |
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| MAE | Reconstruction | Masked Autoencoding |
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| AR | Autoregressive | Autoregressive Next-Token prediction |
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| OSF | Self-distillation | ours |
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### Downstream Tasks
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**Epoch-level Classification Tasks:**
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| Task | Classes | Description |
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| Sleep Stage | 4 | Awake, Light Sleep, Deep Sleep, REM classification |
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| Arousal | 2 | Arousal event detection |
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| Hypopnea | 2 | Hypopnea event detection |
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| Oxygen Desaturation | 2 | Oxygen desaturation detection |
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### Evaluation Settings
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| Setting | Description |
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|---------|-------------|
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| Linear Probing | Freeze backbone, train linear classifier |
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| Full Fine-tuning | Fine-tune entire model end-to-end |
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| Few-shot (k-shot) | Train with limited labeled samples |
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For example scripts, see `main_pipelines` and `bash_scripts` folders.
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## ๐ Supported Datasets
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We aggregated nine large-scale datasets from the National Sleep Research Resource platform.
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| Dataset | Full Name | Source |
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| SHHS | Sleep Heart Health Study | NSRR |
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| CHAT | Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial | NSRR |
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| MROS | MrOS Sleep Study | NSRR |
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| CCSHS | Cleveland Children's Sleep and Health Study | NSRR |
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| CFS | Cleveland Family Study | NSRR |
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| MESA | Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis | NSRR |
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| SOF | Study of Osteoporotic Fractures | NSRR |
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| WSC | Wisconsin Sleep Cohort | NSRR |
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| STAGES | Stanford Technology Analytics and Genomics in Sleep | NSRR |
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| NCHSDB | NCH Sleep DataBank | NSRR |
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For new users, please apply for an account and access to each of these datasets following instructions here [NSRR Registration](https://sleepdata.org/join)
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## ๐ Project Structure
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```
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OSF-Open-Sleep-Foundation-Model/
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โโโ osf/
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โ โโโ backbone/ # ViT backbone implementations
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โ โ โโโ vit1d_cls.py
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โ โโโ models/ # SSL model implementations
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โ โ โโโ dino_model_cls.py
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โ โ
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โ โโโ datasets/ # Data loading utilities
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โ โโโ utils/ # Helper functions
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โโโ main_pipelines/ # Training scripts
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โ โโโ main_pretrain.py
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โ โโโ ...
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โโโ bash_scripts/ # Example bash scripts
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โโโ osf_backbone.pth # Pretrained model weights
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โโโ demo.ipynb # Quick start demo
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โโโ config.py # Dataset and channel configurations
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โโโ train_config.py # Training configurations
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```
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## ๐ Citation
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If you use this code or models in your research, please cite
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```bibtex
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@article{shuai2026osf,
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title={OSF: On Pre-training and Scaling of Sleep Foundation Models},
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author={Shuai, Zitao and Xu, Zongzhe and Yang, David and Wang, Wei and Yang, Yuzhe},
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journal={arXiv preprint},
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year={2026}
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}
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```
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---
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language:
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- en
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library_name: pytorch
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license: mit
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pipeline_tag: other
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tags:
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- sleep
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- eeg
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- polysomnography
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- foundation-model
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- self-supervised
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- vit
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- biosignals
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---
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# OSF: On Pre-training and Scaling of Sleep Foundation Models
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This repository contains the weights for **OSF**, a family of sleep foundation models introduced in the paper [OSF: On Pre-training and Scaling of Sleep Foundation Models](https://huggingface.co/papers/2603.00190).
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[](https://huggingface.co/papers/2603.00190)
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[](https://yang-ai-lab.github.io/osf/)
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[](https://github.com/yang-ai-lab/OSF-Open-Sleep-FM)
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[](LICENSE)
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[](#installation)
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## ๐ฅ News
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- [2026-2-24] Our codebase and checkpoint is released. Full codebase for benchmarking will be public available after acceptance.
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## ๐ Introduction
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Polysomnography (PSG) provides the gold standard for sleep assessment but suffers from substantial heterogeneity across recording devices and cohorts. OSF is a family of sleep foundation models (FMs) pre-trained on a massive corpus of 166,500 hours of sleep recordings from nine public sources. Leveraging the SleepBench benchmark, the authors establish an enhanced pre-training and scaling recipe that achieves state-of-the-art performance across diverse sleep and disease prediction tasks.
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## ๐ฟ Installation
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conda activate myenv
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```
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### Dependencies
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- Python >= 3.10
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- PyTorch >= 2.9.0
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- PyTorch Lightning >= 2.5.5
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## ๐ Quick Start
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We provide a demo notebook (`demo.ipynb`) demonstrating how to extract embeddings from PSG signals using the pretrained model.
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# patch_embs: [B, 90, 768] - Local patch representations
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```
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## ๐ฉโ๐ป Usage
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### Input Format
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- **Epoch Length**: 30 seconds
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- **Input Shape**: `[B, 12, 1920]`
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### Pretraining and Fine-tuning
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For detailed instructions on pretraining and fine-tuning using the OSF framework, please refer to the scripts in the [official GitHub repository](https://github.com/yang-ai-lab/OSF-Open-Sleep-FM).
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## ๐ Benchmark Evaluations
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OSF has been evaluated on the **SleepBench** benchmark across tasks such as Sleep Stage classification, Arousal detection, Hypopnea event detection, and Oxygen Desaturation detection, outperforming existing SSL methods like SleepFM, SimCLR, and DINO.
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## ๐ Citation
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If you use this code or models in your research, please cite the paper:
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```bibtex
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@article{shuai2026osf,
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title={OSF: On Pre-training and Scaling of Sleep Foundation Models},
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author={Shuai, Zitao and Xu, Zongzhe and Yang, David and Wang, Wei and Yang, Yuzhe},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.00190},
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year={2026}
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}
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```
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