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International Women’s Day 2023: Bridging the digital gender divide is essential for unleashing women’s potential in rural areas, say UN food and agriculture agencies FAO-IFAD-WFP push to enhance rural women and girls’ digital capabilities and tackle the barriers they face to access technology to be equal contributors t... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
08/03/2023 Rome - Inclusive access to digital technologies and education is crucial to reducing gender inequalities and empowering rural women and girls – that was the message from three United Nations’ food and agriculture agencies as they marked International Women’s Day 2023. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Participants at the event, co-organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the World Food Programme (WFP), recognized that while digitalization on its own cannot solve all the gender-related disadvantages women face, if pr... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
“Admittedly, it is discouraging to celebrate International Women’s Day in a time when we are going backwards on gender equality and are seeing widening gender gaps in science, technology and innovation,” said FAO Deputy Director-General Beth Bechdol. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
“When we invest in rural women, we invest in resilience, in the future of our communities and in creating a more inclusive and equitable world – one where no one is left behind.” “Without increased access to digital technology and innovation, rural women and girls will continue to face barriers and socio-economic disad... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
“Gender inequality and the urban-rural divide will only worsen unless we create a more inclusive and prosperous society for everyone.” “Food security for households and communities is in the hands of the women.
It is only through women’s empowerment that we can build a world where no one goes to sleep hungry,” said WF... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
“Putting resources in the hands of women is a no-brainer and with this comes the transfer of knowledge and skills including digital literacy to help these women realize their full potential.
Now that's the kind of game changer that we can all get behind.” While there is a rapid proliferation of digital tools and servi... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Evidence on the gender gap indicates that globally 69 percent of men are using the internet compared with 63 percent of women.
Women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are 16 percent less likely to use mobile internet than men, and progress in reducing the mobile internet gender gap has stalled.
Recent stati... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Rural women are particularly disadvantaged in terms of access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and less likely to engage with ICT solutions, due to constraints such as affordability, illiteracy, user capabilities, and discriminatory social norms. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Under the theme: “Digit ALL: Innovation and technology for gender equality: Leveraging the transformative power of inclusive digitalization and innovation for rural women and girls today's event in Rome brought together thought leaders, policy and change makers who are working on innovative solutions to bring about gen... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Event panelists included: Kusum Balsaraf, General Manager of Mahila Arthik Vikas Mahamandal (MAVIM); Su Stephanou, founder of Green Dreams and iCow; Claudia Carbajal Morelos, Director at Precision Development; Isabelle Carboni, Insights Director, Digital Inclusion, Mobile for Development, GSMA; and Cesar Maita Azpiri, ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
FAO works to promote the adoption of specific digital technologies, including in ways they specifically support women, through initiatives like the International Platform for Digital Food and Agriculture, FAO Digital Portfolio, E-Agriculture Community of Practice, the 1000 Digital Villages . | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
The FAO Office of Innovation established the Global Network on Digital Agriculture and Innovation Hubs, to support its members to foster innovation within their digital agriculture ecosystem, with a special focus on women and young agripreneurs, among other programmes. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Next month, FAO will be launching a new report entitled the Status of Women in Agri-food Systems, which will provide evidence indicating how empowering women can lift millions of people out of food insecurity and make agri-food systems more resilient and sustainable.
IFAD is an international financial institution and ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Based in Rome – the United Nations food and agriculture hub – IFAD invests in rural people, empowering them to reduce poverty, increase food security, improve nutrition and strengthen resilience.
Since 1978, IFAD has provided more than US$24 billion in grants and low-interest loans to fund projects in developing count... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
WFP’s work on digital financial literacy helps community’s upskill, enhance their livelihoods, access financial services and tools, and in the long run supports development and strengthens food security for all.
For example, through its cash-based transfer programmes across the globe, WFP seeks to directly address the... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
By assisting women with digital and financial literacy trainings and working with community champions, WFP helps them to open their own banking, mobile money or other digital accounts, bringing economic benefits including food security to these women and, in turn, to their families and entire societies. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
Contact Sreya Banerjee FAO News and Media (Rome) sreya.banerjee@fao.org Susan Beccio Communications Officer, IFAD s.beccio@ifad.org Isheeta Sumra Communications Officer, WFP +39 3471814398 isheeta.sumra@wfp.org | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571274892.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Intl_Women_Day_2023.pdf |
New FAO report: Women's equality in agrifood systems could end food insecurity for 45 million people According to the publication "The Status of Women in Agrifood Systems ", women make up 36% of the agrifood system workforce in Latin America and the Caribbean.
The proportion of women in the agricultural workforce is h... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
April 13 – Rome, Italy / Santiago, Chile - Tackling gender inequalities in agrifood systems and empowering women reduces hunger, stimulates the economy, and reinforces resilience to shocks like climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic, reveals a new report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
The report “The Status of Women in Agrifood Systems”, the first of its kind since 2010, goes beyond agriculture to provide a comprehensive picture of the status of women working across agrifood systems— from production to distribution and consumption.
The report highlights that, globally, the role of women tends to be... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
Similarly, women who work as wage earners in agriculture earn 82 cents for every dollar that men receive.
“If we tackle the gender inequalities endemic in agrifood systems and empower women, the world will take a leap forward in addressing the goals of ending poverty and creating a world free from hunger”, says FAO Di... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
Indeed, the study explains that closing the gender gap in farm productivity and the wage gap in agricultural employment would increase global gross domestic product by nearly $1 trillion and reduce the number of food-insecure people by 45 million.
Similarly, benefits from projects that empower women are higher than th... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
The authors explain that if half of small-scale producers benefited from development interventions that focused on empowering women, it would significantly raise the incomes of an additional 58 million people and increase the resilience of an additional 235 million.
“Efficient, inclusive, resilient and sustainable agr... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
Latin America and the Caribbean In Latin America and the Caribbean, governments have increasingly addressed the challenges related to the structural gaps facing rural women in access to land, inputs, services, finance, and digital technology, developing policies and programs that contribute to closing the inequalities ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
Globally, the gap between men and women in the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity increased to 4.3 percentage points in 2021 from 1.7 percentage points in 2019, largely driven by growing differences in Latin America and the Caribbean, where the gap reached 11.3 percentage points.
Women make up 36% of all... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
For example, they represent 54% of the agrifood system workforce in Bolivia.
In some countries in the region, the proportion has increased since 2005: by 9 percentage points in El Salvador, 8 percentage points in Colombia, and 6.3 percentage points in Ecuador.
The proportion of women in the agricultural workforce is ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
Recommendation Overall, the report concludes that reducing gender inequalities in livelihoods, improving access to resources, and promoting resilience is a critical pathway towards gender equality, women’s empowerment and more just and sustainable agrifood systems.
This includes closing gaps related to access to asset... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
The study shows that interventions to improve women’s productivity are successful when they address care and unpaid domestic work burdens, provide education and training, and strengthen land-tenure security.
Access to childcare also has a large positive effect on mothers’ employment, while social protection programmes... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
https://www.fao.org/documents/card/es?details=cc5343en More on this topic: FAO’s work on Gender Equality FAO Policy on Gender Equality 2020-2030 Marquita Sugrim National Communication Consultant to the Sub-Regional Office for the Caribbean Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO SLC) United Nations... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571277688.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/Women_in_Agrifood_Systems.pdf |
Almost half the world’s population lives in households linked to agrifood systems New FAO-led study finds that agrifood systems directly employ 1.23 billion people 03/04/2023 Rome - Around 1.23 billion people were employed in the world’s agrifood systems in 2019, and more than three times that figure, or almost half th... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
Of these 1.23 billion people, 857 million worked in primary agricultural production, while 375 million worked in the off-farm segments of agrifood systems.
The new figures, the first systematic and documented global estimate of its kind, derive from a range of sources and incorporate the widespread use of part-time or... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
The figures also refer to agrifood systems rather than agricultural sectors, reflecting the increasing importance of off-farm activities in feeding the world’s population, currently 8 billion and growing. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
“Policy and practical agendas on the national and global level must and are addressing the challenges facing agrifood systems in an integrated way, and to keep up, data must move beyond silo-based notions such as farm employment and include the whole process from food production through processing and transport to the ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
“Making sure that agrifood systems are sustainable requires factoring in nutrition, health and climate change,” he added.
The study entitled “Estimating Global and Country Level Employment in Agrifood Systems” was published as a Working Paper by FAO’s Statistics Division. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
In addition to a team from FAO, other authors include Kate Schneider, from the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Ramya Ambikapathi, from the Department of Global Development at Cornell University, and Paul Winters, from the Keough School of Global Affairs, University of N... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
The new exercise adopts a harmonized approach using econometric modeling based on data from the International Labour Organization and validated with household surveys from FAO’s Rural Livelihoods Information System (RuLIS) database, as explained in the Working Paper.
Key Findings The largest number of people employed ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
The majority of the economically active population in low-income countries, particularly in Africa, had at least one job or activity in agrifood systems.
Including relevant trade and transportation activities, 62 percent of employment in Africa is in agrifood systems, compared to 40 percent in Asia and 23 percent in t... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
In most of the countries for which data from RuLIS is available, youth, defined as people aged 15 to 35 years old, make up around half of all agrifood system workers, and their share is usually higher in food processing and services.
Of the 3.83 billion people reliant on agrifood systems for their livelihoods, 2.36 bi... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
The impact of COVID-19 was highest in Latin America, where employment dropped 18.8 percent.
On 13 April, FAO will publish a pioneering report on The Status of Women in Agrifood Systems, in which the data on employment in agrifood systems from the Working Paper is further disaggregated by sex. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
Background A comprehensive measure of employment in agrifood systems offers precious information for decision makers, and FAO hopes to muster support for turning the latest research into an ongoing statistical data series.
Agrifood systems encompass primary agricultural production of food and non-food products, the pr... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
Globally, these systems produce some 11 billion tonnes of food each year and form the backbone of many economies.
Robust data of this sort is essential to help assure that agrifood system transformation delivers new jobs, particularly in low-income countries with large young populations, and does so in an equitable ma... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
As countries move from lower to higher income, the share of the agrifood systems workforce directly engaged in agriculture typically declines, while that engaged in off farm employment in food processing, services, trade and transport grows. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
FAO also found that counting people engaged in secondary labour activities or household farming activities - such as a full-time school teacher who grows produce for sale on their land - in agrifood systems adds around 24 percent on average to the number of those whose livelihoods depend on those systems. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
Contact Christopher Emsden FAO News and Media (Rome) (+39) 06 570 53291 christopher.emsden@fao.org FAO News and Media (+39) 06 570 53625 FAO-Newsroom@fao.org Marquita Sugrim National Communication Consultant to the Sub-Regional Office for the Caribbean Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO SLC) U... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571279958.pdf | https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/1.23bn_empl_in_agrifood_sys.pdf |
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) and Gender and Social Inclusion Action Plan (GAP) for the Enhancing Direct Access pilot project in the Eastern Caribbean Project Title: Integrated physical adaptation and community resilience through an enhanced direct access pilot in the public, private, and civil societ... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 4 Project Scope .................................................................................................................................4 Further development of the ESMP .................. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS ..................................................................... 11 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 11 Antigua and Barbuda ................................................... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
GENDER ANALYSIS........................................................................................................ 23 Gender and the GCF ..................................................................................................................... 23 Gender considerations in the EDA Request for Proposals ..... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................... 32 Implementation Arrangements .................................................................................................... 32 Physical planning process for the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) ....................... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
GENDER AND SOCIAL INCLUSION ACTION PLAN ............................................................ 49 VI.
MONITORING, REPORTING AND EVALUATION ARRANGEMENTS ................................... 55 Roles and responsibilities .................................................................................................. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Risk screening & categorization of sub-activities ........................................................................... 58 3.
Risk appraisal by the TAC, the Audit Committee and the Internal Auditor .................................... 58 4.
Recommend risk mitigation & management interventions ..................... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Integrate mitigation measures into project design and activities .................................................. 60 Annual external independent audit .................................................................................................... 60 Annex 1.
Bibliography ........................................... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Tool to facilitate consultations and gender responsive EDA sub-project design ....... 66 ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 2 ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 3 I. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
SUMMARY The project titled, Demonstrating Enhanced Direct Access in the public, private, and civil society sectors of Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and Grenada in the Eastern Caribbean, was prepared in response to a request for proposals (RfP) issued by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and is designed to meet the objectiv... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Enhanced direct access (EDA) is modality being piloted by the GCF for devolving decision making at the country and stakeholder level, thereby allowing greater involvement and input from impacted stakeholders. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The EDA project is designed to provide an opportunity for the Direct Access entity in Antigua and Barbuda to work with executing entities in Dominica and Grenada and the Commission of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) to move beyond the financing of individual projects towards a more comprehensive and... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Project Scope The overall project goal is to assist pilot countries in the Eastern Caribbean to enhance financing channels that will implement climate change policies and programs to support transformational change.
The EDA project is designed to do this while respecting the GCF policies on ESMS, Gender and Indigenous... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The project outcome will be enhanced country ownership of climate adaptation through devolving decision-making in the Government, private and NGO sectors to allow for greater involvement of those affected by climate change and greater impact and scale of adaptation actions in the pilot countries.
The objectives of thi... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The objectives of this project are: 1.
To promote country ownership of climate adaptation actions through devolved decision- making in the Government, private and NGO sectors To operationalize enhanced direct access modalities in the Eastern Caribbean pilot countries To increase resilience to climate variability and e... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
3.
The project will meet these objectives through four components, with a total project budget of USD 20 million over five (5) years of project implementation.
The Department of Environment in Antigua and Barbuda will serve as accredited entity to the GCF for this project.
Component 1.
Building openness, transparen... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Pre-feasibility studies in the pilot countries identified existing Committees and ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 4 executing entities that would benefit from targeted capacity-building and some structural changes, namely appointment of non-governmental observers, for the EDA project.
This component will buil... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The outcome of the EDA will enable the Executing Entities to become accredited to the GCF.
This component will also design a Sustainable Procurement system for EDA implementation, to reduce the impact of adaptation inputs (construction material, sand, wood, etc.)
and to support bulk procurement to lower the cost of i... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The GCF Independent Evaluation Unit will provide technical assistance to the EDA as a pilot for improving knowledge management and learning opportunities, given the critical role of M&E in the Request for Proposals issued by the GCF.
Component 2.
Enhancing direct access for the public sector – concrete community-base... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
This component will solicit priority adaptation interventions in the public sector in each of the pilot countries, and national committees will evaluate the proposals using pre-determined criteria.
The pilot countries were all involved in the sub-regional OECS Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA), which hired consult... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Complementing the GCCA, the EDA will identify GCCA concepts and pilots that could be scaled up with funding from the GCCA.
The GCCF physical adaptation pilot concepts are provided below as indicative activities to be scaled-up under the EDA.
These activities are used as an indication of the environmental and social r... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Table 1.
Antigua and Barbuda’s GCCA Physical Adaptation Pilot Concepts Antigua Barbuda Thematic Area Project Initiative CONCEPT 1 CONCEPT 2 CONCEPT 3 CONCEPT 4 Watershed/Forest Rehabilitation Restore hydrological functioning and drainage of Christian Valley watershed to mitigate flooding in Bolans/West Palm Beach • Sl... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
• Waterway and drainage reconstruction Flood mitigation • • Wetland restoration Flood Mitigation/Management “Climate-proofing” infrastructure by increasing the flood protection capacity of waterways in the Friars Hill Road flood prone area in the suburbs of St. Johns to accommodate rainfall of up to ten (10) inches wit... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
• Flood mitigation • Disaster risk reduction Watershed/Forest Rehabilitation Improve watershed function in the Body Ponds Watershed area (St. John’s Antigua) • Soil conservation • Re-forestation • Slope stabilization ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 5 Table 2. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Dominica’s GCCA Physical Adaptation Pilot Concepts Dominica Thematic Area Project Initiative Ecosystem Restoration/Rehabilitation CONCEPT 1 • Reforestation of degraded dry scrub forest affected using agro forestry methods to help build resilience to climate change • GIS Mapping/Data Collection & Storage: zones are mapp... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Estimated budget EC $283,500 Table 3.
Grenada’s GCCA Physical Adaptation Pilot Concepts Grenada Thematic Area Project Initiative Integrated Watershed and Coastal Management Water Security CONCEPT 1 CONCEPT 2 • Grenada Integrated Watershed Rehabilitation and Coastal Area Management for Climate Change Adaptation and Env... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Enhancing direct access for NGOs – small grants for adaptation in community buildings for resilience to droughts, flooding and hurricanes.
This component will benefit from the GEF Small Grants Programme, which has been operational in the Eastern Caribbean for over ten years, and has built capacity at the community lev... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Successful applicants will receive a small (<$5,000) preparation grant to develop the proposal, and communities will implement adaptation projects with tangible benefits. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Indicative NGO EDA adaptation activities Climate Vulnerability Assessment ✓ Conducting a Climate Vulnerability Environmental Management System (EMS) Plan for community buildings Heat and drought ✓ Air conditioning units; indoor air quality ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 6 ✓ Rainwater harvesting, storage tanks... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Enhancing direct access in the private sector – revolving loans for resilience in buildings (homes and businesses).
The private sector Revolving Fund loan programme for adaptation in buildings is currently being launch in Antigua and Barbuda.
Figure 1. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Figure 1.
Indicative adaptation activities in buildings to be funded through the revolving loans program ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 7 This component of the EDA project will scale up the initiative via launch calls for applications in all three pilot countries.
Several institutions have been identified t... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
These institutions will be validated at EDA inception, using capacity assessment checklists covering fiduciary standards, environmental and social safeguards, and gender criteria.
Once evaluated, the project will finance adaptation in buildings and manage reflows into the Revolving Fund. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Based on risk assessment findings, the following management parameters underpin the EDA project: • The scope is limited to demonstrating devolved decision-making for funding proposals to Governments, NGOs and the private sector in three of the six OECS member states • The project will use existing institutions and deci... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The selection of the types of adaptation interventions will be based on climate change impacts and vulnerabilities, as well as those types of adaptation interventions that are mature enough to be used in the pilot within the timeframe necessary to demonstrate results to the GCF • The project will build on existing stak... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
This is also the time in which project risks are further identified and sufficiently detailed to inform necessary policies and regulations (where appropriate).
Finally, baseline data will be collected to support project Monitoring and Evaluation and the generation of targeted reports to meet IFC Performance Standards. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
During this time, project risks will be further appraised and potential future or latent risks (those not envisaged but which may occur from project activities) will be flagged and a contingency plan developed.
This is consistent with a comprehensive risk management approach used by the accredited entity. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
In additional to project monitoring, this step will be important to ensure that due diligence is taken to mitigate against pre-existing social issues that the project cannot solve but may however have an impact on project success. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Complementing baseline projects and programmes Antigua and Barbuda has applied for GCF Readiness National Adaptation Plan (NAP) support to adaptation planning processes and supporting implementation by developing national climate ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 8 assessments with climate resilient sector plans... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The project will also build capacity to develop future plans and track implementation along with baseline data collection underpin the adaptation planning activities.
Dominica is also in the process of applying for GCF NAP Readiness support.
The Adaptation Fund project, titled ‘An integrated approach to physical adap... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The project goal is to reduce the vulnerability of the community, by increasing the ability of the watershed to handle extreme rainfall, while increasing the resilience of the built environment simultaneously to cope with the multiple stressors of climate change. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
This will be achieved through a US$10 million grant by: i) restoring three kilometres of waterways; ii) providing concessional loans to households and small businesses for adaptation; and iii) engaging community groups through grants and contracts to continue project interventions.
This integrated approach will ensure... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) project, titled ‘Building climate resilience through innovative financing mechanisms for climate change adaptation’ has received US$5 million from GEF with UN Environment serving as the Implementing Entity and the DoE as the Executing Entity.
The SCCF project is estimated to be c... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Through the SCCF project, physical interventions will be implemented in the upper area of the McKinnon watershed.
In addition, the SCCF project will establish the SIRF Revolving Fund for Adaptation and capitalise the SIRF Fund with an initial US$1.6 million. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The Global Climate Change Alliance + (GCCA) initiative established by the European Union (EU) in 2007 to strengthen the dialogue and level of cooperation between developing countries, in particular least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing states (SIDS). | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Through the GCCA, the ‘Climate change adaptation and sustainable land management in the Eastern Caribbean’ project is being implemented with the OECS Commission serving as the implementing entity, which aims to improve the resilience of the region’s natural resource base to the impacts of climate change.
The project w... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
In addition, base maps will be produced through the project to determine land capability – including geotechnical, hazard maps – support land use planning and revise the National Building Codes and Ordinances.
Pilot adaptation activities are being implemented inter alia in Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica and Grenada. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Assumptions ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot 9 The major underlying assumptions for the development of the ESMS are: • Not all Environmental, Social and Gender Principles are equally relevant to the project; therefore, risk mitigation actions will be tailored to the scale (impact and probability) of the risk; •... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
This will allow for the component to be financially feasible and sustainable.
If this is the case, the risk will be assumed by the respective Ministry of Finance in the pilot country pending the relevant approvals and permissions are secured. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The Management Plan measures are therefore based on the above-mentioned assumptions along with the historical, cultural and environmental knowledge of the project area that has been collected by consultants, national focal points, the implementing entity and executing entities.
ESMP for the Eastern Caribbean EDA pilot... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
In 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in their Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) concluded, with very high confidence, that climate change would impede the ability of many nations to achieve sustainable development by mid-century and become a security risk that would steadily intensify, particularl... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Article 4.8 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) lists several groups of countries that merit particular consideration for assistance to adapt to climate change “...especially: (a) small island countries, (b) countries with low-lying coastal areas, d) countries with areas prone to natur... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
The Caribbean Community exemplify many of these characteristics, and even though they contribute less than 1% to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, these countries are expected to be among the earliest and most impacted by climate change in the coming decades. | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Caribbean coastal communities in particular will be severely threatened by the direct and indirect impacts of climate change (e.g., increased sea-surface temperature, sea level rise (SLR), coastal erosion, extreme events and the loss of aesthetics), which are projected to accelerate in the coming decades and compound t... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
Most of the country’s land area consists of two large islands, namely Antigua and Barbuda, along with a number of smaller inhabited and uninhabited islands.
Antigua and Barbuda’s population was estimated at ~91,295 in 2014 and it is anticipated that the population will reach ~115,000 by 2050.
In 2009, Antigua's econo... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
From 2009–2011, there was a steep decline in tourism which provides the largest number of employment opportunities within the country’s private sector.
Antigua and Barbuda’s GDP in 2013 was ~US$1.1 billion with a growth rate of 1.7%.
Climate change is expected to result in an increase in the frequency and intensity o... | Climate Change | Agriculture Climate smart technologies | Antigua and Barbuda | https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694571283617.pdf | https://www.environment.gov.ag/assets/uploads/attachments/33072-eda_environmental-social-gender-management-plan_12dec2017.pdf |
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