message stringlengths 8 9.83k | message_type stringclasses 3
values | message_id int64 0 2 | conversation_id int64 67.8k 898k | cluster float64 17 17 | __index_level_0__ int64 203k 2.69M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Please answer with one of the option in the bracket | instruction | 0 | 67,819 | 17 | 203,047 |
C: Expulsion by the mucociliary escalator | output | 1 | 67,819 | 17 | 203,048 |
Q:An investigator studying new drug delivery systems administers an aerosol containing 6.7-μm sized particles to a healthy subject via a nonrebreather mask. Which of the following is the most likely route of clearance of the particulate matter in this subject??
{'A': 'Trapping by nasal vibrissae', 'B': 'Swallowing of ... | input | 2 | 67,819 | 17 | 203,049 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 77,316 | 17 | 231,538 |
Association of In-Ear Device Use With Communication Quality Among Individuals Wearing Personal Protective Equipment in a Simulated Operating Room | output | 1 | 77,316 | 17 | 231,539 |
Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought forth new challenges for health care workers, such as the daily use of personal protective equipment, including reusable facial respirators. Poor communication while wearing respirators may have fatal complications for patients, and no solution has been proposed to date. Ob... | input | 2 | 77,316 | 17 | 231,540 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 77,385 | 17 | 231,745 |
Polymeric surfaces with biocidal action: challenges imposed by the SARS-CoV-2, technologies employed, and future perspectives | output | 1 | 77,385 | 17 | 231,746 |
The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that hygiene habits reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on contaminated surfaces In this context, compounds with biocidal properties can act as surface coatings, especially in hospital environments, a source of pathogenic microorganisms Therefore, the purpose of this review ... | input | 2 | 77,385 | 17 | 231,747 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 77,454 | 17 | 231,952 |
Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Part 2 - Hand hygiene and other hygiene measures: systematic review and meta-analysis. | output | 1 | 77,454 | 17 | 231,953 |
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of hand hygiene, surface disinfecting, and other hygiene interventions in preventing or reducing the spread of illnesses from respiratory viruses. DESIGN: Update of a systematic review and meta-analysis focussing on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster-RCTs (c-RCTs) evi... | input | 2 | 77,454 | 17 | 231,954 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 77,533 | 17 | 232,189 |
UV-C light completely blocks highly contagious Delta SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission in hamsters | output | 1 | 77,533 | 17 | 232,190 |
Behavioral and medical control measures are not effective in containing the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Here we report on the effectiveness of a preemptive environmental strategy using UV-C light to prevent airborne transmission of the virus in a hamster model and show that UV-C exposure completely prevents airborne transmis... | input | 2 | 77,533 | 17 | 232,191 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 77,746 | 17 | 232,828 |
Face mask—A potential source of phthalate exposure for human | output | 1 | 77,746 | 17 | 232,829 |
Face masks are necessary for fighting against the coronavirus disease 2019 around the world. As the face mask is usually made from polymers and phthalates are widely-used additives into the polymers, the face mask could be a potential source of phthalate exposure to humans. However, limited knowledge is available on th... | input | 2 | 77,746 | 17 | 232,830 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 77,989 | 17 | 233,557 |
Antimicrobial Nanomaterials and Coatings: Current Mechanisms and Future Perspectives to Control the Spread of Viruses Including SARS-CoV-2 | output | 1 | 77,989 | 17 | 233,558 |
The global COVID-19 pandemic has attracted considerable attention toward innovative methods and technologies for suppressing the spread of viruses. Transmission via contaminated surfaces has been recognized as an important route for spreading SARS-CoV-2. Although significant efforts have been made to develop antibacter... | input | 2 | 77,989 | 17 | 233,559 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,005 | 17 | 233,605 |
Low-cost, safe, and effective smoke evacuation device for surgical procedures in the COVID-19 age | output | 1 | 78,005 | 17 | 233,606 |
BACKGROUND: Smoke is generated by energy-based surgical instruments. The airborne by-products may have potential health implications. METHODS: We developed a simple way to use de conventional surgical evacuator coupled with de electrosurgical pen attached to a 14G bladder catheter for open surgery. It was used in ten p... | input | 2 | 78,005 | 17 | 233,607 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,018 | 17 | 233,644 |
Safety and Efficacy of Casting during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Polymers Used for 3D Printing to Conventional Materials Used for the Generation of Orthopaedic Orthoses. | output | 1 | 78,018 | 17 | 233,645 |
To reduce the risk of spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), the emerging protocols are advising for less physician-patient contact, shortening the contact time, and keeping a safe distance. It is recommended that unnecessary casting be avoided in the events that alternative methods can be applied such as in stabl... | input | 2 | 78,018 | 17 | 233,646 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,172 | 17 | 234,106 |
Aerosols and Bacteria From Hand Washing and Drying in Indoor Air | output | 1 | 78,172 | 17 | 234,107 |
Effective hand drying is an important part of hand hygiene that can reduce the risk of infectious disease transmission through cross-contamination of surfaces by wet hands. However, hand drying methods may also cause aerosolisation of pathogenic microorganisms if they are present in washed hands. This study investigate... | input | 2 | 78,172 | 17 | 234,108 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,231 | 17 | 234,283 |
Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission in a workplace based on CO2 sensor network | output | 1 | 78,231 | 17 | 234,284 |
We measured the compartmental air change per hour (ACH) using a CO2 sensor network in an office space where a cluster of COVID-19 infections attributed to aerosol transmission occurred. Generalized linear mixed models and dynamic time warping were used for a time series data analysis, and the results indicated that the... | input | 2 | 78,231 | 17 | 234,285 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,396 | 17 | 234,778 |
Fit-testing of respiratory protective equipment in the UK during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic | output | 1 | 78,396 | 17 | 234,779 |
BACKGROUND: Public Health England guidance stipulates the use of filtering facepiece (FFP3) masks for healthcare workers engaged in aerosol-generating procedures. Mask fit-testing of respiratory protective equipment is essential to protect healthcare workers from aerosolized particles. AIM: To analyse the outcome of ma... | input | 2 | 78,396 | 17 | 234,780 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,512 | 17 | 235,126 |
Decontamination and re-use of surgical masks and respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic | output | 1 | 78,512 | 17 | 235,127 |
OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic increased global demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) and resulted in shortages. The study evaluated the re-use of surgical masks and respirators by analysing their performance and safety before and after reprocessing using the following methods: oven, thermal... | input | 2 | 78,512 | 17 | 235,128 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,571 | 17 | 235,303 |
A review of impact of textile research on protective face masks | output | 1 | 78,571 | 17 | 235,304 |
COVID-19, classified as SARS-CoV-2, is causing an ongoing global pandemic The pandemic has resulted in the loss of lives and has caused economic hardships Most of the devices used to protect against the transmission of the novel COVID-19 disease are related to textile structures Hence, the challenge for textile profess... | input | 2 | 78,571 | 17 | 235,305 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,605 | 17 | 235,405 |
Conversion of self-contained breathing apparatus mask to open source powered air-purifying particulate respirator for fire fighter COVID-19 response | output | 1 | 78,605 | 17 | 235,406 |
To assist firefighters and other first responders to use their existing equipment for respiration during the COVID-19 pandemic without using single-use, low-supply, masks, this study outlines an open source kit to convert a 3M-manufactured Scott Safety self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) into a powered air-purify... | input | 2 | 78,605 | 17 | 235,407 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,788 | 17 | 235,954 |
Protective Face Masks: Current Status and Future Trends. | output | 1 | 78,788 | 17 | 235,955 |
Management of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has relied in part on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Face masks, as a representative example of PPE, have made a particularly significant contribution. However, most commonly used face masks are m... | input | 2 | 78,788 | 17 | 235,956 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 78,807 | 17 | 236,011 |
Inactivation Rates for Airborne Human Coronavirus by Low Doses of 222 nm Far-UVC Radiation | output | 1 | 78,807 | 17 | 236,012 |
Recent research using UV radiation with wavelengths in the 200–235 nm range, often referred to as far-UVC, suggests that the minimal health hazard associated with these wavelengths will allow direct use of far-UVC radiation within occupied indoor spaces to provide continuous disinfection. Earlier experimental studies e... | input | 2 | 78,807 | 17 | 236,013 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,038 | 17 | 236,704 |
Preventing the spread of norovirus-like infections by the airborne route using plasma assisted catalytic technology (PACT) | output | 1 | 79,038 | 17 | 236,705 |
Zoonoses are frequently reported, and outbreaks of the highly pathogenic influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and Middle East respiratory syndrome have occurred recently, in Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Sterilization using a chemical reactor with plasma assisted catalytic technology (PACT... | input | 2 | 79,038 | 17 | 236,706 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,247 | 17 | 237,331 |
Likelihood of survival of coronavirus in a respiratory droplet deposited on a solid surface | output | 1 | 79,247 | 17 | 237,332 |
We predict and analyze the drying time of respiratory droplets from a COVID-19 infected subject, which is a crucial time to infect another subject. Drying of the droplet is predicted by using a diffusion-limited evaporation model for a sessile droplet placed on a partially wetted surface with a pinned contact line. The... | input | 2 | 79,247 | 17 | 237,333 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,259 | 17 | 237,367 |
Two-drape closed pocket technique: minimizing aerosolization in mastoid exploration during COVID-19 pandemic | output | 1 | 79,259 | 17 | 237,368 |
BACKGROUND: Mastoidectomy is associated with extensive bone-drilling which makes it a major aerosol generating procedure. Considering the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, it is essential to devise methods to minimize aerosolization and hence ensure safety of the healthcare workers during the operative procedure. METHO... | input | 2 | 79,259 | 17 | 237,369 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,262 | 17 | 237,376 |
Airborne Aerosolized Mouse Cytomegalovirus From Common Otolaryngology Procedures: Implications for COVID-19 Infection | output | 1 | 79,262 | 17 | 237,377 |
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether common otolaryngology procedures generate viable aerosolized virus through a murine cytomegalovirus (mCMV) model for infection. STUDY DESIGN: mCMV model of infection. SETTING: University of Utah laboratory. METHODS: Three-day-old BALB/c mice were inoculated with mCMV or saline. Five day... | input | 2 | 79,262 | 17 | 237,378 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,476 | 17 | 238,018 |
SARS-CoV-2 environmental contamination from hospitalised COVID-19 patients receiving aerosol generating procedures | output | 1 | 79,476 | 17 | 238,019 |
ABSTRACT Background. Continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) are considered "aerosol-generating procedures" (AGPs) in the treatment of COVID-19. We aimed to measure air and surface environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 virus when CPAP and HFNO were used, compared with supplemen... | input | 2 | 79,476 | 17 | 238,020 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,540 | 17 | 238,210 |
Impact of Personal Cooling on Performance, Comfort and Heat Strain of Healthcare Workers in PPE, a Study From West Africa | output | 1 | 79,540 | 17 | 238,211 |
Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) is an essential component of safely treating suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients. PPE acts as a barrier to heat loss, therefore increasing the risk of thermal strain which may impact on cognitive function. Healthcare workers (HCWs) need to be able to prioritize and... | input | 2 | 79,540 | 17 | 238,212 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,575 | 17 | 238,315 |
Effects of Surface Material, Ventilation, and Human Behavior on Indirect Contact Transmission Risk of Respiratory Infection | output | 1 | 79,575 | 17 | 238,316 |
Infectious particles can be deposited on surfaces. Susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection. The exposure and infection risk contributed by this transmission route depend on indoor surface mat... | input | 2 | 79,575 | 17 | 238,317 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,687 | 17 | 238,651 |
Analyzing the dominant SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes toward an ab initio disease spread model | output | 1 | 79,687 | 17 | 238,652 |
Identifying the relative importance of the different transmission routes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is an urgent research priority To that end, the different transmission routes and their role in determining the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic are analyzed in this work The probability of infection caused by inhaling vi... | input | 2 | 79,687 | 17 | 238,653 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,906 | 17 | 239,308 |
Minimal, superficial DNA damage in human skin from filtered far-ultraviolet-C (UV-C). | output | 1 | 79,906 | 17 | 239,309 |
Krypton-Chloride (Kr-Cl) excimer lamps have a peak emission wavelength of 222 nm in the ultraviolet-C (UV-C) region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Currently Kr-Cl lamps are the only viable "far-UV-C" sources for full-room inactivation of airborne SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic1 . Commerci... | input | 2 | 79,906 | 17 | 239,310 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,944 | 17 | 239,422 |
Implementing a negative pressure isolation space within a skilled nursing facility to control SARS-CoV-2 transmission | output | 1 | 79,944 | 17 | 239,423 |
BACKGROUND: Isolation space must be expanded during pandemics involving airborne transmission. Little to no work has been done to establish optimal design strategies and implementation plans to ease surge capacity and expand isolation capacity over long periods in congregate living facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has... | input | 2 | 79,944 | 17 | 239,424 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 79,987 | 17 | 239,551 |
Effect of Ultraviolet C Disinfection Treatment on the Nanomechanical and Topographic Properties of N95 Respirator Filtration Microfibers | output | 1 | 79,987 | 17 | 239,552 |
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) treatment is considered an effective decontamination approach to address the supply shortage of N95 FFRs during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic In this study, we investigated the nanomechanical and topographic properties of filtration fibe... | input | 2 | 79,987 | 17 | 239,553 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 80,018 | 17 | 239,644 |
Evidence-based strategies to reduce contamination from aerosolised microbes in dental practice environment | output | 1 | 80,018 | 17 | 239,645 |
Cohort selection The aim was to evaluate interventions to minimise microbial contamination from aerosol generating procedures in the dental office. Seven electronic databases were searched using key words such as 'aerosols', 'droplets', 'spatter', 'microbial loads' etc to identify relevant randomised controlled trials ... | input | 2 | 80,018 | 17 | 239,646 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 80,032 | 17 | 239,686 |
A Model for Inhalation of Infectious Aerosol Contaminants in an Aircraft Passenger Cabin | output | 1 | 80,032 | 17 | 239,687 |
Aerosol contamination of an aircraft cabin by infectious passengers is a concern of passengers, aircrew and the aviation industry This may be especially important during a pandemic, such as COVID-19, where the full extent of aerosol transmission is not well understood A statistical method to determine the number of inf... | input | 2 | 80,032 | 17 | 239,688 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 80,228 | 17 | 240,274 |
Topology Optimization and Control Design of an Artificial Respirator | output | 1 | 80,228 | 17 | 240,275 |
Since the beginning of 2020, the entire world has been affected by Covid-19, which has caused millions of infections and deaths, with older adults being the most affected population. Like many other countries in the world, Ecuador has shown a deficit of supplies to face this threat. Within this context, this article sh... | input | 2 | 80,228 | 17 | 240,276 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 80,258 | 17 | 240,364 |
Flushing of Stagnant Premise Water Systems after the COVID-19 Shutdown Can Reduce Infection Risk by Legionella and Mycobacterium spp. | output | 1 | 80,258 | 17 | 240,365 |
There is concern about potential exposure to opportunistic pathogens when reopening buildings closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, water samples were collected before, during, and after flushing showers in five unoccupied (i.e., for ∼2 months) university buildings with quantification of opportunists via ... | input | 2 | 80,258 | 17 | 240,366 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 80,376 | 17 | 240,718 |
Unflushable or missing toilet paper, the dilemma for developing communities during the COVID-19 episode | output | 1 | 80,376 | 17 | 240,719 |
Unlike in developed countries, most public toilets in China do not provide toilet paper onsite and users must bring their toilet paper. Moreover, an open waste bin is placed in each user’s cubicle to collect used toilet paper and tissues. Such practices, which are common in East Asia and central America, have induced a... | input | 2 | 80,376 | 17 | 240,720 |
Please summerize the given abstract to a title | instruction | 0 | 80,549 | 17 | 241,237 |
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