index int64 0 4.08k | text stringlengths 34 4.9k ⌀ | url stringclasses 38
values |
|---|---|---|
391 | High Availability
HA Links and Backup
Links
Description
• HA backup links must be on a different subnet from the primary HA
links.
• HA1-backup and HA2-backup ports must be configured on
separate physical ports. The HA1-backup link uses port 28770 and
28260.
• PA-3200 Series firewalls don’t support an IPv6 address for ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
392 | High Availability
You can also configure the HSCI port for HA3, which is used for packet forwarding to the peer
firewall during session setup and asymmetric traffic flow (active/active HA only). The HSCI port
can be used for HA2 traffic, HA3 traffic, or both.
The HA1 and AUX links provide synchronization for functions ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
393 | High Availability
Model Front-Panel Dedicated Port(s)
second firewall in the pair or connect them together through a
switch or router.
If the firewall dataplane restarts due to a failure
or manual restart, the HA1-B link will also restart.
If this occurs and the HA1-A link is not connected
and configured, then a split ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
394 | High Availability
Model Front-Panel Dedicated Port(s)
The management interface cannot be configured as a HA
port.
PA-5200 Series
Firewalls
• HA1-A and HA1-B—Ethernet 10Mbps/100Mbps/1000Mbps
ports used for HA1 traffic in both HA Modes.
• For HA1 traffic—Connect the HA1-A port on the first firewall
directly to the HA1-A ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
395 | High Availability
Model Front-Panel Dedicated Port(s)
second firewall in the pair or connect them together through a
switch or router.
• HSCI—The HSCI port is a Layer 1 QSFP+ interface that connects
two PA-5400 Series firewalls in an HA configuration. Use this
port for an HA2 connection, HA3 connection, or both.
The tr... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
396 | High Availability
Model Front-Panel Dedicated Port(s)
configuration. Use these ports for an HA2 connection, HA3
connection, or both.
The traffic carried on the HSCI ports is raw Layer 1 traffic, which
is not routable or switchable. Therefore, you must connect these
ports as follows:
• For HA2 and HA3 traffic—Connect th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
397 | High Availability
Model Front-Panel Dedicated Port(s)
configuration. Use these ports for an HA2 connection, HA3
connection, or both.
The traffic carried on the HSCI ports is raw Layer 1 traffic, which
is not routable or switchable. Therefore, you must connect these
ports as follows:
• For HA2 and HA3 traffic—Connect th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
398 | High Availability
Failover
When a failure occurs on one firewall and the peer in the HA pair (or a peer in the HA cluster)
takes over the task of securing traffic, the event is called a failover. A failover is triggered, for
example, when a monitored metric on a firewall in the HA pair fails. The metrics that the firew... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
399 | High Availability
critical components, such as the FPGA and CPUs. Additionally, general health checks occur on any
platform, causing failover.
The following describes what occurs in the event of a failure of a Network Processing Card (NPC)
on a PA-7000 Series firewall that is a member of an HA cluster:
• If the NPC tha... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
400 | High Availability
Interface Deployment AE Interface Ethernet Interface
LLDP in Virtual Wire Active • Active if LLDP itself is
configured.
• Passive if LLDP itself is not
configured.
Pre-negotiation is not supported on subinterfaces or tunnel interfaces.
To configure LACP or LLDP pre-negotiation, see the step (Optional)... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
401 | High Availability
Each firewall in the HA pair creates a virtual MAC address for each of its interfaces that has a
floating IP address or ARP Load-Sharing IP address.
The format of the virtual MAC address (on firewalls other than PA-7000, PA-5200, and PA-3200
Series firewalls) is 00-1B-17-00-xx-yy, where 00-1B-17 is th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
402 | High Availability
In such a scenario, all hosts are configured with a single gateway IP address. One of the firewalls
responds to ARP requests for the gateway IP address with its virtual MAC address. Each firewall
has a unique virtual MAC address generated for the shared IP address. The load-sharing algorithm
that cont... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
403 | High Availability
As illustrated in the floating IP address scenario, the firewall supports a shared IP address
for ARP load-sharing only on the LAN side of the firewall; the shared IP address cannot be
on the WAN side.
Route-Based Redundancy
In a Layer 3 interface deployment and active/active HA configuration, the fir... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
404 | High Availability
HA Timers
High availability (HA) timers facilitate a firewall to detect a firewall failure and trigger a failover.
To reduce the complexity in configuring timers for an HA pair, you can select from three profiles:
Recommended, Aggressive and Advanced. These profiles auto-populate the optimum HA timer
... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
405 | High Availability
Timers Description PA-7000 Series
PA-5200 Series
PA-3200 Series
PA-800 Series
PA-220
VM-Series
Panorama
Virtual
Appliance
Panorama MSeries
Preemption
Hold Time (min)
Time that a passive
or active-secondary
firewall will wait before
taking over as the
active or active-primary
firewall.
1/1 1/1 1/1
Hea... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
406 | High Availability
Timers Description PA-7000 Series
PA-5200 Series
PA-3200 Series
PA-800 Series
PA-220
VM-Series
Panorama
Virtual
Appliance
Panorama MSeries
recommended to avoid
a failover when both
firewalls experience the
same link/path monitor
failure simultaneously.
Hello Interval
(ms)
Interval in milliseconds
bet... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
407 | High Availability
Session Owner
In an HA active/active configuration, both firewalls are active simultaneously, which means
packets can be distributed between them. Such distribution requires the firewalls to fulfill two
functions: session ownership and session setup. Typically, each firewall of the pair performs one
o... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
408 | High Availability
Session Setup Option Description
IP Modulo The firewall distributes the session setup load based on parity of the
source IP address. This is a deterministic method of sharing the session
setup.
IP Hash The firewall uses a hash of the source and destination IP addresses to
distribute session setup resp... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
409 | High Availability
FW1 examines the contents of the packet to match it to an existing session. If there is no
session match, FW1 determines that it has received the first packet for a new session and
therefore becomes the session owner (assuming Session Owner Selection is set to First
Packet).
FW1 uses the configured se... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
410 | High Availability
For example, suppose the firewall with Device ID 1 is the session owner and session setup
firewall. When the firewall with Device ID 1 tries to match a session to a NAT rule, it skips all rules
bound to Device ID 0. The firewall performs the NAT translation only if the session owner and the
Device ID ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
411 | High Availability
Set Up Active/Passive HA
• Prerequisites for Active/Passive HA
• Configuration Guidelines for Active/Passive HA
• Configure Active/Passive HA
• Define HA Failover Conditions
• Verify Failover
Prerequisites for Active/Passive HA
To set up high availability on your Palo Alto Networks firewalls, you need... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
412 | High Availability
maintain parity for a seamless failover. (Verify that the licenses match by comparing Device >
Licenses.)
As a best practice, if you have an existing firewall and you want to add a new firewall
for HA purposes and the new firewall has an existing configuration Reset the Firewall
to Factory Default Set... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
413 | High Availability
Based on the combination of HA1 and HA1 Backup ports you are using, use the following
recommendations to decide whether you should enable heartbeat backup:
HA functionality (HA1 and HA1 backup) is not supported on the management
interface if it's configured for DHCP addressing (IP Type set to DHCP Cli... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
414 | High Availability
Independent
Configuration
Settings
PeerA PeerB
between the
firewalls after
HA is enabled
and the control
link is established
between the
firewalls.
If using a Layer 3 connection,
configure the IP address for the data
link on this firewall (PeerA).
If using a Layer 3 connection,
configure the IP addres... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
415 | High Availability
Configure Active/Passive HA
The following procedure shows how to configure a pair of firewalls in an active/passive
deployment as depicted in the following example topology.
To configure an active/passive HA pair, first complete the following workflow on the first firewall
and then repeat the steps on... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
416 | High Availability
STEP 4 | Set the HA mode and group ID.
1. Select Device > High Availability > General and edit the Setup section.
2. Set a Group ID and optionally a Description for the pair. The Group ID uniquely
identifies each HA pair on your network. If you have multiple HA pairs that share the
same broadcast doma... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
417 | High Availability
STEP 8 | Set up the data link connection (HA2) and the backup HA2 connection between the firewalls.
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit the Data Link (HA2) section.
2. Select the Port to use for the data link connection.
3. Select the Transport method. The default is ethernet, and will wo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
418 | High Availability
STEP 10 | Set the device priority and enable preemption.
This setting is only required if you wish to make sure that a specific firewall is the preferred
active firewall. For information, see Device Priority and Preemption.
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit the Election Settings.
2. Set... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
419 | High Availability
STEP 13 | Enable HA.
1. Select Device > High Availability > General and edit the Setup section.
2. Select Enable HA.
3. Select Enable Config Sync. This setting enables the synchronization of the configuration
settings between the active and the passive firewall.
4. Enter the IP address assigned to the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
420 | High Availability
STEP 15 | Save your configuration changes.
Click Commit.
STEP 16 | After you finish configuring both firewalls, verify that the firewalls are paired in active/
passive HA.
1. Access the Dashboard on both firewalls, and view the High Availability widget.
2. On the active firewall, click the Sync to pee... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
421 | High Availability
If you are using SNMPv3 to monitor the firewalls, note that the SNMPv3 Engine ID is
synchronized between the HA pair. For information on setting up SNMP, see Forward
Traps to an SNMP Manager. Because the EngineID is generated using the firewall serial
number, on the VM-Series firewall you must apply a... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
422 | High Availability
STEP 3 | To configure HA path monitoring for a virtual wire, VLAN, or virtual router (or logical router
for an Advanced Routing Engine), specify the destination IP addresses that the firewall will
ping to verify network connectivity.
1. In the Path Monitoring section, select Add Virtual Wire Path, Add... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
423 | High Availability
STEP 4 | (Optional) Modify the failure condition for the set of Path Groups configured on the firewall.
By default, the firewall triggers a failover when any monitored Path Group fails.
1. Edit the Path Monitoring section.
2. Select Enabled to enable path monitoring on the appliance.
3. Set the Failur... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
424 | High Availability
Set Up Active/Active HA
• Prerequisites for Active/Active HA
• Configure Active/Active HA
• Determine Your Active/Active Use Case
Prerequisites for Active/Active HA
To set up active/active HA on your firewalls, you need a pair of firewalls that meet the following
requirements:
The same model—The firew... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
425 | High Availability
have an identical set of licenses, they cannot synchronize configuration information and
maintain parity for a seamless failover.
If you have an existing firewall and you want to add a new firewall for HA purposes
and the new firewall has an existing configuration, it is recommended that you Reset
the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
426 | High Availability
across both firewalls. Use the management port for the HA1 link and ensure that the
management ports can connect to each other across your network.
• For HA3:
• On PA-7000 Series firewalls, connect the High Speed Chassis Interconnect (HSCI-A) on
the first chassis to the HSCI-A on the second chassis, a... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
427 | High Availability
STEP 5 | Set the Device ID, enable synchronization, and identify the control link on the peer firewall
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit Setup.
2. Select Device ID as follows:
• When configuring the first peer, set the Device ID to 0.
• When configuring the second peer, set the Device I... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
428 | High Availability
STEP 8 | (Optional) Modify the HA Timers.
By default, the HA timer profile is set to the Recommended profile and is suited for most HA
deployments.
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit Election Settings.
2. Select Aggressive to trigger faster failover. Select Advanced to define custom valu... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
429 | High Availability
STEP 12 | Set up the data link connection (HA2) and the backup HA2 connection between the firewalls.
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit Data Link (HA2).
2. Select the Port to use for the data link connection.
3. Select the Transport method. The default is ethernet, and will work when the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
430 | High Availability
STEP 15 | Configure Session Owner and Session Setup.
1. In Device > High Availability > HA Communications, edit Packet Forwarding.
2. For Session Owner Selection, select one of the following:
• First Packet—The firewall that receives the first packet of a new session is the session
owner (recommended ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
431 | High Availability
peer owns the floating IP address you just configured (range is 0-255). The firewall with
the lowest priority value (highest priority) owns the floating IP address.
3. Select Failover address if link state is down to cause the firewall to use the failover
address when the link state on the interface i... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
432 | High Availability
Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Route-Based Redundancy
The following Layer 3 topology illustrates two PA-7050 firewalls in an active/active HA
environment that use Route-Based Redundancy. The firewalls belong to an OSPF area. When a
link or firewall fails, OSPF handles the redundancy by redi... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
433 | High Availability
STEP 1 | Configure Active/Active HA.
Perform Step 1 through Step 15.
STEP 2 | Configure an HA virtual address.
You need a virtual address to use a Floating IP Address and Virtual MAC Address.
1. In Device > High Availability > Active/Active Config, Add a Virtual Address.
2. Enter or select an Interfac... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
434 | High Availability
STEP 7 | Configure the peer firewall in the same way, except selecting a different Device ID.
For example, if you selected Device ID 0 for the first firewall, select Device ID 1 for the peer
firewall.
Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with ARP Load-Sharing
In this example, hosts in a Layer 3 deploy... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
435 | High Availability
STEP 3 | Configure ARP Load-Sharing.
The device selection algorithm determines which HA firewall responds to the ARP requests to
provide load sharing.
1. For Device Selection Algorithm, select one of the following:
• IP Modulo—The firewall that will respond to ARP requests is based on the parity of
th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
436 | High Availability
Upon a failover, when the active-primary firewall (Peer A) goes down and the active-secondary
firewall (Peer B) takes over as the active-primary peer, the floating IP address moves to Peer B
(shown in the following figure). Peer B remains the active-primary firewall and traffic continues to
go to Peer... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
437 | High Availability
• You have control over which firewall owns the floating IP address so that you keep all flows of
new and existing sessions on the active-primary firewall, thereby minimizing traffic on the HA3
link.
• We strongly recommended you configure HA link monitoring on the interface(s) that
support the floati... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
438 | High Availability
STEP 5 | Configure an HA virtual address.
1. Select Device > High Availability > Active/Active Config > Virtual Address and click
Add.
2. Enter or select an Interface.
3. Select the IPv4 or IPv6 tab and Add an IPv4 Address or IPv6 Address.
4. For Type, select Floating, which configures the virtual IP ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
439 | High Availability
STEP 1 | On PA-3050-2 (Device ID 1), perform Step 1 through Step 3 of Configure Active/Active HA.
STEP 2 | Enable active/active HA.
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit Setup.
2. Select Enable HA.
3. Enter a Group ID, which must be the same for both firewalls. The firewall uses the Group
I... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
440 | High Availability
STEP 5 | Configure an HA virtual address.
1. Select Device > High Availability > Active/Active Config > Virtual Address and click
Add.
2. Select Interface eth1/1.
3. Select IPv4 and Add an IPv4 Address of 10.1.1.101.
4. For Type, select Floating, which configures the virtual IP address to be a floatin... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
441 | High Availability
STEP 12 | Create the source NAT rule for Device ID 1.
1. Select Policies > NAT and click Add.
2. Enter a Name for the policy rule that in this example helps identify it as a source NAT
rule for Device ID 1.
3. For NAT Type, select ipv4 (default).
4. On the Original Packet, for Source Zone, select Any.... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
442 | High Availability
STEP 2 | Create the source NAT rule for Device ID 0.
1. Select Policies > NAT and Add a NAT policy rule with a Name, for example, Src-NATdev0.
2. For Original Packet, for Source Zone, select Any.
3. For Destination Zone, select the destination zone for which you want to translate the
source address, ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
443 | High Availability
STEP 1 | On PA-3050-2 (Device ID 1), perform Step 1 through Step 3 of Configure Active/Active HA.
STEP 2 | Enable active/active HA.
1. In Device > High Availability > General, edit Setup.
2. Select Enable HA.
3. Enter a Group ID, which must be the same for both firewalls. The firewall uses the Group
I... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
444 | High Availability
STEP 5 | Configure ARP Load-Sharing.
The device selection algorithm determines which HA firewall responds to the ARP requests to
provide load sharing.
1. For Device Selection Algorithm, select IP Modulo. The firewall that will respond to ARP
requests is based on the parity of the ARP requester's IP ad... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
445 | High Availability
STEP 1 | On PA-3050-2 (Device ID 1), perform Step 1 through Step 3 of Configure Active/Active HA.
STEP 2 | Enable active/active HA.
1. Select Device > High Availability > General > Setup and edit.
2. Select Enable HA.
3. Enter a Group ID, which must be the same for both firewalls. The firewall uses th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
446 | High Availability
STEP 5 | Configure ARP Load-Sharing.
The device selection algorithm determines which HA firewall responds to the ARP requests to
provide load sharing.
1. For Device Selection Algorithm, select one of the following
• IP Modulo—The firewall that will respond to ARP requests is based on the parity of
the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
447 | High Availability
HA Clustering Overview
A number of Palo Alto Networks®
firewall models now support session state synchronization
among firewalls in a high availability (HA) cluster of up to 16 firewalls. The HA cluster peers
synchronize sessions to protect against failure of the data center or a large security inspe... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
448 | High Availability
HA clusters support a Layer 3 or virtual wire deployment. HA peers in the cluster can be a
combination of HA pairs and standalone cluster members. In an HA cluster, all members are
considered active; there is no concept of passive firewalls except for HA pairs, which can keep
their active/passive rela... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
449 | High Availability
Firewall Model Number of Members Supported Per
Cluster
PA-7000 Series firewalls that have at least one
of the following cards: PA-7000-100G-NPC,
PA-7000-20GQXM-NPC, PA-7000-20GXM-NPC
PA-7080: 4
PA-7050: 6
VM-300 6
VM-500 6
VM-700 16
HA clustering is not supported in public cloud deployments. NAT is no... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
450 | High Availability
HA Clustering Best Practices and Provisioning
These are the provisioning requirements and best practices for HA clustering.
• Provisioning Requirements and Best Practices
• HA cluster members must be the same firewall model and run the same PAN-OS®
version.
When upgrading, firewall members will conti... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
451 | High Availability
• Health Check Best Practices
• On HA pairs in a cluster, configure an Active/Passive pair with HA backup communication
links for HA1, HA2, and HA4. Configure an Active/Active pair with HA backup
communications links for HA1, HA2, HA3, and HA4.
• Configure HA4 backup links on all cluster members.
PAN-... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
452 | High Availability
Configure HA Clustering
Learn about HA clustering and follow the HA Clustering Best Practices and Provisioning before
you configure HA firewalls as members of a cluster.
STEP 1 | Establish an interface as an HA interface (to later assign as the HA4 link).
1. Select Network > Interfaces > Ethernet and ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
453 | High Availability
STEP 4 | Configure the HA4 Backup link.
1. Edit the HA4 Backup section.
2. Select the other interface you configured in the first step as an HA interface to be the
Port for the HA4 backup link.
3. Enter the IPv4/IPv6 Address of the local HA4 backup interface.
4. Enter the Netmask.
5. Click OK.
STEP 5 ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
454 | High Availability
HA4 backup links, signifying possible problems with synchronizing information between
members.
STEP 10 | Access the CLI to view HA cluster and HA4 link information and perform other HA clustering
tasks.
You can view HA cluster flap statistics. The cluster flap count is reset when the HA
device moves f... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
455 | High Availability
Refresh HA1 SSH Keys and Configure Key Options
All Palo Alto Networks firewalls come with Secure Shell (SSH) pre-configured, and the high
availability (HA) firewalls can act as SSH server and SSH client simultaneously. When you
configure active/passive or active/active HA, you can enable encryption fo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
456 | High Availability
(Optional) Set the SSH server to use only the specified encryption ciphers for the HA1
sessions.
By default, HA1 SSH allows all supported ciphers for encryption of CLI HA sessions. When you
set one or more ciphers, the SSH server advertises only those ciphers while connecting, and
if the SSH client (H... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
457 | High Availability
an ECDSA key of 256 bits. It also re-establishes the HA1 connection using the new host key
without restarting the HA peers.
1. admin@PA-3250> configure
2. admin@PA-3250# set deviceconfig system ssh profiles ha-profiles
<name> default-hostkey key-type ECDSA key-length 256
3. admin@PA-3250# commit
4. ad... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
458 | High Availability
(Optional) Delete a cipher from the set of ciphers you selected for SSH over the HA1 control
link.
This example deletes the AES CBC cipher with 128-bit key.
1. admin@PA-3250> configure
2. admin@PA-3250# delete deviceconfig system ssh profiles haprofiles <name> ciphers aes128-cbc
3. admin@PA-3250# com... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
459 | High Availability
(Optional) Set the session key exchange algorithms the HA1 SSH server will support.
By default, the SSH server (HA firewall) advertises all the key exchange algorithms to the SSH
client (HA peer firewall).
If you are using an ECDSA default key type, the best practice is to use an ECDH key
algorithm.
1... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
460 | High Availability
(Optional) Set the message authentication codes (MAC) the HA1 SSH server will support.
By default, the server advertises all of the MAC algorithms to the client.
1. admin@PA-3250> configure
2. admin@PA-3250# set deviceconfig system ssh profiles ha-profiles
<name> mac <value>
hmac-sha1—MAC with SHA1 cr... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
461 | High Availability
(Optional) Regenerate ECDSA or RSA host keys for HA1 SSH to replace the existing keys, and
re-establish HA1 sessions between HA peers using the new keys without restarting the HA
peers.
The HA peers use the host keys to authenticate each other. This example regenerates the
ECDSA 256 default host key.
... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
462 | High Availability
4GB; the range is 10MB to 4,000MB. Alternatively, you can enter set deviceconfig
system ssh profiles ha-profiles <name> session-rekey data
default command, which sets the data parameter to the default value of the individual
cipher you are using.
3. admin@PA-3250# set deviceconfig system ssh profiles ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
463 | High Availability
Activate the profile by selecting the profile and restarting HA1 SSH service.
1. admin@PA-3250> configure
2. admin@PA-3250# set deviceconfig system ssh ha ha-profile <name>
3. admin@PA-3250# commit
4. admin@PA-3250# exit
5. admin@PA-3250> set ssh service-restart ha
6. To verify the correct profile is ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
464 | High Availability
HA Firewall States
An HA firewall can be in one of the following states:
HA Firewall
State
Occurs In Description
Initial A/P or A/
A
Transient state of a firewall when it joins the HA pair. The
firewall remains in this state after boot-up until it discovers
a peer and negotiations begins. After a time... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
465 | High Availability
HA Firewall
State
Occurs In Description
A firewall in tentative state synchronizes sessions and
configurations from the peer.
• In a virtual wire deployment, when a firewall enters tentative
state due to a path failure and receives a packet to forward,
it sends the packet to the peer firewall over the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
466 | High Availability
Reference: HA Synchronization
If you have enabled configuration synchronization on both peers in an HA pair, most of the
configuration settings you configure on one peer will automatically sync to the other peer upon
commit. To avoid configuration conflicts, always make configuration changes on the ac... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
467 | High Availability
Configuration Item What Doesn’t Sync in Active/Passive?
• Panorama Servers
• Disable Panorama Policy and Objects and Disable Device and
Network Template
SNMP Device > Setup > Operations > SNMP Setup
Services Device > Setup > Services
Global Service Routes Device > Setup > Services > Service Route Conf... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
468 | High Availability
Configuration Item What Doesn’t Sync in Active/Passive?
Master Key The master key must be identical on each firewall in the HA pair, but
you must manually enter it on each firewall (Device > Master Key and
Diagnostics).
Before changing the master key, you must disable config sync on both
peers (Device... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
469 | High Availability
What Doesn't Sync in Active/Active HA?
The following table indicates the settings that don't synchronize in active/active HA. You must
configure the following settings on each firewall in the HA pair; these settings don't sync from one
peer to another.
Configuration Item What Doesn’t Sync in Active/Ac... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
470 | High Availability
Configuration Item What Doesn’t Sync in Active/Active?
Packet Buffer
Protection
Device > Setup > Session > Session Settings > Packet Buffer
Protection
Network > Zones > Enable Packet Buffer Protection
Forward Proxy Server
Certificate Settings
Device > Setup > Session > Decryption Settings > SSL Forwar... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
471 | High Availability
Configuration Item What Doesn’t Sync in Active/Active?
Virtual Routers Virtual router configuration synchronizes only if you have enabled
VR Sync (Device > High Availability > Active/Active Config > Packet
Forwarding). Whether or not to do this depends on your network
design, including whether you hav... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
472 | High Availability
Configuration Item What Doesn’t Sync in Active/Active?
Master Key The master key must be identical on each firewall in the HA pair, but
you must manually enter it on each firewall (Device > Master Key and
Diagnostics).
Before changing the master key, you must disable config sync on both
peers (Device ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
473 | High Availability
Runtime Information Information Synced?
A/P A/A
HA Link Details
Management Plane
User to Group Mappings Yes Yes HA1
User Mappings across
Virtual Systems
Yes Yes HA1
User to IP Address
Mappings
Yes Yes HA1 In an A/A configuration,
only the Active-Primary
peer connects to UserID Servers or Agents,
and ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
474 | High Availability
Runtime Information Information Synced?
A/P A/A
HA Link Details
Content (manual sync) Yes Yes HA1
PPPoE, PPPoE Lease Yes Yes HA1
DHCP Client Settings and
Lease
Yes Yes HA1 If the PAN-OS versions
on the HA peers don’t
match, the DHCP Client
Settings and Lease config
information won’t sync.
SSL VPN Logg... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
475 | High Availability
Runtime Information Information Synced?
A/P A/A
HA Link Details
ARP Table Yes No HA2
Multicast Session Table Yes No HA2
Neighbor Discovery (ND)
Table
Yes No HA2
MAC Table Yes No HA2
IPSec SAs [Security
Associations] (phase 2)
Yes Yes HA2
IPSec Sequence Number
(anti-replay)
Yes Yes HA2
DoS Block List E... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
476 | High Availability
username@hostname#set deviceconfig high-availability group statesynchronization enabled
no no
yes yes
Reasons That Synchronization Doesn't Happen
Sessions won't synchronize for the following reasons:
• If you disable session (state) synchronization.
• If the HA2 link or connection is down.
The HA con... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
477 | High Availability
PAN-OS® Administrator’s Guide Version 10.2 478 ©2025 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
478 | Monitoring
To forestall potential issues and to accelerate incidence response when needed, the firewall
provides intelligence about traffic and user patterns using customizable and informative reports.
The dashboard, Application Command Center (ACC), reports, and logs on the firewall allow you to
monitor activity on yo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
479 | Monitoring
Use the Dashboard
The Dashboard tab widgets show general firewall information, such as the software version, the
operational status of each interface, resource utilization, and up to 10 of the most recent entries
in the threat, configuration, and system logs. All of the available widgets are displayed by def... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
480 | Monitoring
Dashboard Charts Descriptions
System Resources Displays the Management CPU usage, Data Plane usage, and the
Session Count, which displays the number of sessions established
through the firewall.
Logged In Admins Displays the source IP address, session type (Web or CLI), and session
start time for each admini... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
481 | Monitoring
Use the Application Command Center
The Application Command Center (ACC) is an interactive, graphical summary of the applications,
users, URLs, threats, and content traversing your network.The ACC uses the firewall logs to
provide visibility into traffic patterns and actionable information on threats. The ACC... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
482 | Monitoring
ACC—First Look
Tabs The ACC includes three predefined tabs that
provide visibility into network traffic, threat
activity, and blocked activity. For information on
each tab, see ACC Tabs.
Widgets Each tab includes a default set of widgets that best
represent the events/trends associated with the
tab. The widg... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
483 | Monitoring
ACC—First Look
virtual systems on a firewall enabled for multiple
virtual systems or across one or more firewalls
within a device group on Panorama.
Risk Factor The risk factor (1=lowest to 5=highest) indicates
the relative risk based on the applications used
on your network. The risk factor uses a variety o... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
484 | Monitoring
Tab Description
Network Activity Displays an overview of traffic and user activity on your network
including:
• Top applications in use
• Top users who generate traffic (with a drill down into the bytes,
content, threats or URLs accessed by the user)
• Most used security rules against which traffic matches o... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
485 | Monitoring
Tab Description
GlobalProtect to quarantine the device, the reason GlobalProtect
quarantined the device, and the location of the quarantined devices.
SSL Activity Displays an overview of TLS/SSL decryption activity on the firewall.
Information includes successful and unsuccessful decryption
activity in your ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
486 | Monitoring
Widgets
applications, data, profiles, objects, users. The
available options vary by widget.
Graph The graphical display options are treemap, line
graph, horizontal bar graph, stacked area graph,
stacked bar graph, and map. The available options
vary by widget; the interaction experience also
varies with each... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
487 | Monitoring
Widgets
filtered using the time period for which the graph is
rendered.
If you have set local and global filters, the log query
concatenates the time period and the filters and
only displays logs that match the combined filter
set.
Export—Allows you to export the graph as a
PDF. The PDF is downloaded and sav... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
488 | Monitoring
Widget Description
Sort attributes: bytes, sessions, threats, content, URLs
Charts available: area, column, line (the charts vary by the sort by
attribute selected)
Destination IP
Activity
Displays the IP addresses or hostnames of the top ten destinations
that were accessed by users on the network.
Sort attr... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
489 | Monitoring
Widget Description
Charts available: line
Egress Interfaces Displays the firewall interfaces that are most used by traffic exiting the
network.
Sort attributes: bytes, bytes sent, bytes received
Charts available: line
Source Zones Displays the zones that are most used for allowing traffic into the
network.
S... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
490 | Monitoring
Widget Description
Charts available: line
Threat Activity Displays the threats seen on your network. This information is based
on signature matches in Antivirus, Anti-Spyware, and Vulnerability
Protection profiles and viruses reported by WildFire.
Sort attributes: threats
Charts available: bar, area, column
... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
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