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In most practical cases, the stated prior data or testable information is given by a set of conserved quantities (average values of some moment functions), associated with the probability distribution in question. This is the way the maximum entropy principle is most often used in statistical thermodynamics. Another po...
Entropy maximization
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The maximum entropy principle is also needed to guarantee the uniqueness and consistency of probability assignments obtained by different methods, statistical mechanics and logical inference in particular. The maximum entropy principle makes explicit our freedom in using different forms of prior data. As a special case...
Entropy maximization
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Thus, the maximum entropy principle is not merely an alternative way to view the usual methods of inference of classical statistics, but represents a significant conceptual generalization of those methods. However these statements do not imply that thermodynamical systems need not be shown to be ergodic to justify trea...
Entropy maximization
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In most practical contexts, a programming language involves a computer; consequently, programming languages are usually defined and studied this way. Programming languages differ from natural languages in that natural languages are only used for interaction between people, while programming languages also allow humans ...
Proprietary programming language
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Programming languages may, however, share the syntax with markup languages if a computational semantics is defined. XSLT, for example, is a Turing complete language entirely using XML syntax. Moreover, LaTeX, which is mostly used for structuring documents, also contains a Turing complete subset.
Proprietary programming language
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In most present forms of the verb být ("to be"), namely jsem, jsi, jsme, jste and jsou (i.e. all persons but the 3rd person singular je), the initial cluster /js/ is regularly simplified to a mere /s/. This pronunciation is considered correct and neutral when the verb is unstressed and used as an auxiliary. When stress...
Silent letter
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In most production engines, the manifold is an assembly designed to collect the exhaust gas from two or more cylinders into one pipe. Manifolds are often made of cast iron in stock production cars and may have material-saving design features such as using the least metal, to occupy the least space necessary, or have th...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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Since cylinders fire at different times, exhaust leaves them at different times, and pressure waves from gas emerging from one cylinder might not be completely vacated through the exhaust system when another comes. This creates back pressure and restriction in the engine's exhaust system that can restrict the engine's ...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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Regardless of the negative attributes of steel tube exhaust outlet configurations, engineers who design engine components choose conventional cast iron exhaust manifolds list positive attributes, such as an array of heat management properties and superior longevity to any other type of exhaust outlet design. A header i...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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This design results in a header that is more efficient at scavenging the exhaust from the cylinders. Headers are generally circular steel tubing with bends and folds calculated to make the paths from each cylinder's exhaust port to the common outlet all equal length and joined at narrow angles to encourage pressure wav...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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A common method of increasing the power output of an engine is the use of upgraded headers. The increased power output is often due to a result of a larger cross-section area of the pipes (reducing the resistance on the exhaust gasses) and/or designing the pipe lengths so that the pressure wave assists in exhaust scave...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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Headers are generally made by aftermarket automotive companies, but sometimes can be bought from the high-performance parts department at car dealerships. Generally, most car performance enthusiasts buy aftermarket headers made by companies solely focused on producing reliable, cost-effective well-designed headers spec...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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Due to the advanced materials that some aftermarket headers are made of, this can be expensive. Luckily, an exhaust system can be custom-built for any car, and generally is not specific to the car's motor or design except for needing to properly connect solidly to the engine. This is usually accomplished by correct siz...
Aftermarket exhaust parts
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In most programming languages, ? : is called the conditional operator. It is a type of ternary operator. However, ternary operator in most situations refers specifically to ? : because it is the only operator that takes three operands.
Conditional operator
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In most programming languages, strings are a data type. Strings are typically stored at distinct memory addresses (locations). Thus, the same string (for example, the empty string) may be stored in two or more places in memory.
Null string
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In this way, there could be multiple empty strings in memory, in contrast with the formal theory definition, for which there is only one possible empty string. However, a string comparison function would indicate that all of these empty strings are equal to each other. Even a string of length zero can require memory to...
Null string
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In most programming languages, the empty string is distinct from a null reference (or null pointer) because a null reference points to no string at all, not even the empty string. The empty string is a legitimate string, upon which most string operations should work. Some languages treat some or all of the following in...
Null string
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The empty string is usually represented similarly to other strings. In implementations with string terminating character (null-terminated strings or plain text lines), the empty string is indicated by the immediate use of this terminating character. Different functions, methods, macros, or idioms exist for checking if ...
Null string
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In most programming languages, the simplest method to convert a floating point number to an integer does not do floor or ceiling, but truncation. The reason for this is historical, as the first machines used ones' complement and truncation was simpler to implement (floor is simpler in two's complement). FORTRAN was def...
Integer part
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Division by a power of 2 is often written as a right-shift, not for optimization as might be assumed, but because the floor of negative results is required. Assuming such shifts are "premature optimization" and replacing them with division can break software.Many programming languages (including C, C++, C#, Java, PHP, ...
Integer part
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The J Programming Language, a follow-on to APL that is designed to use standard keyboard symbols, uses <. for floor and >. for ceiling.ALGOL usesentier for floor.
Integer part
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In Microsoft Excel the floor function is implemented as INT (which rounds down rather than toward zero). The command FLOOR in earlier versions would round toward zero, effectively the opposite of what "int" and "floor" do in other languages. Since 2010 FLOOR has been fixed to round down, with extra arguments that can r...
Integer part
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In most prokaryotes, the NDPK enzyme is tetrameric. It has been reported in a number of pathogens. NDPK function has been studied in Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Microccocus luteus, and Myxococcus xanthus.
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase
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Prokaryotic NDPK forms a functional homotetramer. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity involves the transfer of the γ-phosphate of nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) to nucleoside diphosphate (NDP), where N1 and N2 can be ribo- or deoxyribonucleosides. This is done via a high energy phosphohistidine intermediate.
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase
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Besides involvement in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, prokaryotic NDPK is also involved in several metabolism cycles. NDPK has also been discovered to act as a protein histidine kinase, which involves a reversible histidine phosphorylation as a well-known regulatory signal. However, in most prokaryotes, NDPK ...
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase
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In most psychosurgical operations the intention is to destroy tissue in the frontal lobes, but a few operations have been done on the temporal lobes. Amygdalotomy, which destroys the amygdala, has been performed on small numbers of people in Britain. A group of Scottish doctors in the early 1970s experimented with the ...
History of psychosurgery in the United Kingdom
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In most public places in Canada a kirpan is allowed, although there have been some court cases regarding carrying on school premises. In the 2006 Supreme Court of Canada decision of Multani v. Commission scolaire Marguerite‑Bourgeoys the court held that the banning of the kirpan in a school environment offended Canada'...
Kirpan
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School staff and parents were very concerned, and the student was required to attend school under police supervision until the court decision was reached. A student is allowed to have a kirpan on his person if it is sealed and secured.In September 2008, Montreal police announced that a 13-year-old student was to be cha...
Kirpan
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In most puller articulated buses, the engine is mounted under the floor between the front and middle axles, and only the middle axle is powered. Some consider this an outdated design, as it prohibits floor levels lower than approximately 750 millimetres (29.5 in), and can produce passenger discomfort due to high noise ...
Articulated Bus
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This type of bus also performs better in snowy or icy conditions, as the thrust from the driving wheels does not cause the vehicle to jackknife. Newer models such as the Van Hool AG300 feature low floors while maintaining the puller design by placing the engine block off-center opposite to the second door. Also, the un...
Articulated Bus
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(This type accounted for two-thirds of the articulated buses built in the 1970s.) Puller-type articulated buses are built in less numbers, but are still available in Scandinavia and South America. Examples being the Volvo B9S and Volvo B12M.
Articulated Bus
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In most quantitative treatments of membrane potential, such as the derivation of Goldman equation, electroneutrality is assumed; that is, that there is no measurable charge excess on either side of the membrane. So, although there is an electric potential across the membrane due to charge separation, there is no actual...
Resting potential
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In most reactions carried out by catalytic distillation, the reactants are often more volatile than the products. Because of this, an internal recycling system, known as the reflux, is implemented right after the condenser (an area within the column where escaped gases are cooled down to liquids). The reflux transfers ...
Catalytic distillation
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In most reactor designs, as a safety measure, control rods are attached to the lifting machinery by electromagnets, rather than direct mechanical linkage. This means that in the event of power failure, or if manually invoked due to failure of the lifting machinery, the control rods fall automatically, under gravity, al...
Control rod
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In most realistic physical situations, the equation governing the wave is only approximately linear. In these situations, the superposition principle only approximately holds. As a rule, the accuracy of the approximation tends to improve as the amplitude of the wave gets smaller. For examples of phenomena that arise wh...
Wave superposition
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In most recent descriptive literature, a variety of orthography which Ian Hancock terms Pan-Vlax will likely be used. This orthography is not a single standardised form, but rather a set of orthographical practices which exhibit a basic "core" of shared graphemes and a small amount of divergence in several areas. The P...
Romani alphabets
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In the following table, the most common variants of the graphemes are shown. The phonemes used in the table are somewhat arbitrary and are not specifically based on any one dialect (for example, the phoneme denoted /d͡ʒ/ in the table can be realised as /ʒ/, /ʐ/ or /ɟ/, depending on dialect): The use of the above graphe...
Romani alphabets
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A typically diverse area is in the representation of sounds not present in most varieties of Romani. For example, the centralised vowel phonemes of several varieties of Vlax and Xaladitka, when they are indicated separately from the non-centralised vowels, can be represented using ə, ъ or ă. Another particularly varian...
Romani alphabets
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In most recent years of the millennium, the most notable form of native advertising has been sponsored content. The production of sponsored content (sometimes abbreviated as "sponcon") involves inclusion of a third party along with a management company or a brand company's personal relations and promotional activities ...
Native advertising
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The underlying motives of sponsored content, however, is similar to that of native advertising- which is to inhibit a consumers' ad recognition by blending the ad into the native content of the platform, making many consumers unaware they are looking at an ad to begin with. The sponsored content on social media, like a...
Native advertising
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In most reciprocating piston engines, the steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow), entering and exhausting from the same end of the cylinder. The complete engine cycle occupies one rotation of the crank and two piston strokes; the cycle also comprises four events – admission, expansion, exhaus...
Steam powered
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However, as one and the same valve usually controls both steam flows, a short cutoff at admission adversely affects the exhaust and compression periods which should ideally always be kept fairly constant; if the exhaust event is too brief, the totality of the exhaust steam cannot evacuate the cylinder, choking it and g...
Steam powered
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The usual compromise solution has been to provide lap by lengthening rubbing surfaces of the valve in such a way as to overlap the port on the admission side, with the effect that the exhaust side remains open for a longer period after cut-off on the admission side has occurred. This expedient has since been generally ...
Steam powered
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In most regards Generally Accepted (German) Valuation Principles is consistent with international practice. The investment market weighs the income approach most heavily. However, there are some important differences: Land and improvements are treated separately. German GAVP assumes that the land can be used indefinite...
Real estate valuation
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The value of the land is determined by the sales comparison approach in both the income and cost approaches, using the data accumulated by the Gutachterausschuss which is then added to the building value. In order to account for the usage of the land, the net operating income is reduced by the Liegenschaftszins (intere...
Real estate valuation
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The Liegenschaftszinssatz is the equivalent of the yield—with some important differences—and is also determined by the Gutachterausschuss. Unlike the All Risks Yield (ARY) in UK practice, the Liegenschaftszinssatz (abbr. LZ) does not include an allowance for default (not to be confused with a structural vacancy), there...
Real estate valuation
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As a result, the Liegenschaftszinssatz will usually be lower than the All Risks Yield. Based on the assumption that the economic life of the improvements is limited, the yield and remaining economic life determine the building value from the net operating income. Contracts in Germany generally prescribe that the landlo...
Real estate valuation
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In most regions of Romania, chicken soup known as supă de pui consists of a clear or dense sour soup with strained chicken and vegetable broth, often noodles have been added. Different versions, uses pieces of chicken and pieces of boiled vegetables (examples: onion, carrot, parsnip, celery, zucchini, peas, beans, leav...
Chicken soup
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In most regions of the Philippines, lechón (spelled lechon without diacritic but also litson or lichon) is traditionally prepared throughout the year for special occasions, festivals, and the holidays. Although it acquired the Spanish name, Philippine lechon has pre-Hispanic origins as pigs are one of the native domest...
Suckling pig
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Suckling pigs in the country are referred to as lechón de leche, which corresponds to the term cochinillo in Spain. The native name of lechón is inihaw in Tagalog, a general term meaning "charcoal-roasted/barbecued ". Native names were also preserved in other regions until recently, like in Cebu where it was previousl...
Suckling pig
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As the usage of the Spanish loanword evolved over the years in the languages of the Philippines, "lechon" has come to refer to roasted pig in general (including suckling pigs). Roasted suckling pigs are now referred to in the Philippines as "lechon de leche" (which in Spanish would be a linguistic redundancy, though co...
Suckling pig
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Visayan lechon is prepared stuffed with herbs which usually include scallions, bay leaves, black peppercorn, garlic, salt, and distinctively tanglad (lemongrass) or leaves from native Citrus trees or tamarind trees, among other spices. A variant among Hiligaynon people also stuffs the pig with the sour fruits of batuan...
Suckling pig
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Since it is already flavored with spices, it is served with minimal dipping sauces, like salt and vinegar or silimansi (soy sauce, calamansi, and labuyo chili).Luzon lechon on the other hand, is typically not stuffed with herbs. When it is, it is usually just salt and pepper. Instead, the distinctiveness of Manila lech...
Suckling pig
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Lechon sauce is made from vinegar, brown sugar, salt, pepper, mashed liver (or liver spread), breadcrumbs, garlic and onion. Manila lechon is also typically cooked over woodfire.Most lechon can either be cooked based on the two main versions, or mix techniques from both.
Suckling pig
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Both variants also rub salt or spices unto the skin to make it crispier, as well as continually baste the lechon as it cooks. Sometimes carbonated drinks may also be used.
Suckling pig
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They are cooked on a bamboo spit over charcoal for a few hours with constant (traditionally manual) turning. The pig is roasted on all sides for several hours until done. The process of cooking and basting usually results in making the pork skin crisp and is a distinctive feature of the dish.Leftover parts from the lec...
Suckling pig
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In most regions, Google Pay on Android permits the issuing bank to determine whether to allow its payment cards to be able to transmit when the mobile device is locked under a certain monetary amount. Issuers in Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, and the United States of America cannot allow locked-device payments exc...
Google Pay (payment method)
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In most regions, galactosemia is diagnosed as a result of newborn screening, most commonly by determining the concentration of galactose in a dried blood spot. Some regions will perform a second-tier test of GALT enzyme activity on samples with elevated galactose, while others perform both GALT and galactose measuremen...
Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase deficiency
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Confirmatory testing would include measurement of enzyme activity in red blood cells, determination of Gal-1-P levels in the blood, and mutation testing. The differential diagnosis for elevated galactose concentrations in blood on a newborn screening result can include other disorders of galactose metabolism, including...
Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase deficiency
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In most regions, including the European Union, Japan, South Korea, and China, exit signs have green lettering. (In this color scheme, red is reserved to indicate prohibited activities.) In Australia, New Zealand , Canada, and most European countries, pictograms are used in place of the word "exit". European sign direct...
Exit sign
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BS EN 1838:1999 and BS 5266-7:1999 also govern emergency lighting applications. In the United States, exit signs can have either red or green lettering, but traditionally they have been red. Many states or cities have enacted building codes that specify the sign color.
Exit sign
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For example, in Baltimore, Salt Lake City, and Portland, Oregon, green is required. New York City, Rhode Island, and Chicago (along with the rest of Illinois) require that exit signs have red text. New and renovated buildings in Canada are required to use the international standard green "running man" pictogram.
Exit sign
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The 1995 Canadian national building code required "red letters on a contrasting background or white letters on a red background ... spelling EXIT or SORTIE", however the 2010 Code calls for a switch from the red EXIT signs to the green "running-man" signs. The national building code informs provincial and municipal bui...
Exit sign
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In most residential broadband technologies, such as cable Internet, DSL, satellite internet, or wireless broadband, a population of users share the available bandwidth. Some technologies share only their core network, while some including cable internet and passive optical network (PON) also share the access network. T...
Cable Internet access
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In most respects German and English Fallows are very similar. Both resemble Cinnamons, but differ in having a much weaker body colour, which results in a rather attractive mustard-yellow breast shading to green on the rump (blue in the blue series). The depth of the green or blue suffusion varies in individual birds, b...
German Fallow budgerigar mutation
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The cheek patches are a lighter and duller shade of violet than normal. Cocks have a greyish-purple rather than the usual blue cere. The feet and legs are pink and the beak orange.
German Fallow budgerigar mutation
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The most obvious distinction from Cinnamons is the red eye, which in the German Fallow is a deep ruby-red, like an Ino's but a shade darker, with the usual white iris ring when adult. The English Fallow has an eye of a clear bright red, without a white iris ring—a beautiful and attractive feature. On hatching, young En...
German Fallow budgerigar mutation
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The Olive Fallow is "a beautiful rich golden orange shade, and the chest is deep yellow olive—a truly lovely colouring", says Cyril Rogers in The Fallows. Fallow Greys and Grey-Greens generally have darker wing markings. Opaline by itself lightens the body colour of Fallows (see), and in combination with Cinnamon produ...
German Fallow budgerigar mutation
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In most rolling stock built since the 1980s, passenger communication handles (or PassComms) have been installed, which activate an alarm in the driver's cab when used. If the train is not in a safe place (in a tunnel or on a bridge, for example) the driver has approximately three seconds to override the alarm by pressi...
Emergency brake (train)
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However this also makes accidental activation easier. On some modern trains, the PassComm in a disabled-friendly toilet is mounted such that it is often confused with the door or flush control; this sometimes leads to accidental activation. As a result, on some models of train such as the Class 180, the alarm panels fi...
Emergency brake (train)
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In most ruminant species, interferon tau has been identified as the signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy . Interferon tau is therefore also referred to as an anti luteolytic factor, essential for the maintenance of the corpus luteum. Interferon tau is secreted by the trophectoderm of the blastocyst from around ...
Maternal recognition of pregnancy
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The inhibition of PGF2ɑ production is the result of a change in gene expression. Interferon tau inhibits the transcription of the oxytocin receptor gene in both sheep and cows, and also the oestrogen receptor ɑ gene in sheep. The absence of these receptors in the cells of the endometrium prevents the pulsatile release ...
Maternal recognition of pregnancy
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In most scale insects, males are parahaploid: although they have two sets of chromosomes, only chromosomes of maternal origin are active, and only they are passed on to offspring. Inactivation of the paternal chromosomes occurs at an early embryonic stage (blastula), when the chromosomes become highly condensed (hetero...
Non-random segregation of chromosomes
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This is called the lecanoid chromosome system. Meiosis is inverse in scale insects, as in the aphids discussed above, that is, the actual reduction division is meiosis II.
Non-random segregation of chromosomes
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In the lecanoid mode, the chromosomes form a "double metaphase plate" with all maternal chromosomes on one side and all paternal chromosomes on the other. (In the normal case, chance rules here.) In anaphase, the two complete sets then step apart, each forming its own daughter nucleus. Since meiosis II is not associate...
Non-random segregation of chromosomes
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In most scenarios, props are incorporated to enhance the fun and role-playing aspects of the game. Typically these props are small, simple in make and design, clearly identifiable, and serve a specific purpose. Conventional examples would be a small wooden box, labeled “EXPLOSIVES,” or fake money used as currency betwe...
Scenario paintball
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Props almost always have specific rules written about them by the scenario producers. For example, rules pertaining to the aforementioned box of explosives may specify that only specific role-players (such as demolitions, engineers, etc.) of the game may handle or operate the prop, and that if taken to the enemy base t...
Scenario paintball
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In most schools, French is still the preferred language for teaching. Generally speaking, Creole is more used in public schools, as that is where most children of ordinary families who speak Creole attend school. Historically, the education system has been French-dominant.
Haitian Creole language
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Except the children of elites, many had to drop out of school because learning French was very challenging to them and they had a hard time to follow up. The Bernard Reform of 1978 tried to introduce Creole as the teaching language in the first four years of primary school; however, the reform overall was not very succ...
Haitian Creole language
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In most science experiments, researchers will normally use SI or the International System of Units on any of their experiments. For stopwatches, the units of time that are generally used when observing a stopwatch are minutes, seconds, and 'one-hundredth of a second'.
Stop watch
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In most scuba sets, a buoyancy compensator (BC) or buoyancy control device (BCD), such as a back-mounted wing or stabilizer jacket (also known as a "stab jacket"), is built into the harness. Although strictly speaking this is not a part of the breathing apparatus, it is usually connected to the diver's air supply, to p...
Scuba set
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Another button opens a valve to deflate the BCD and decrease the volume of the equipment and causes the diver to lose buoyancy. Some BCDs allow for integrated weight, meaning that the BCD has special pockets for the weights that can be dumped easily in case of an emergency. The function of the BCD, while underwater, is...
Scuba set
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In most section restorations there is an element of backstripping and decompaction. This is necessary to adjust the geometry of the section for the compactional effects of later sediment loading.
Section restoration
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In most sections that include all three geologic formations of the Glen Canyon group the Kayenta is easily recognized. Even at a distance it appears as a dark-red, maroon, or lavender band of thin-bedded material between two thick, massive, cross bedded strata of buff, tan, or light-red color. Its position is also gene...
Kayenta Sandstone
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Its weak beds form a bench or platform developed by stripping the Navajo sandstone back from the face of the Wingate cliffs. The Kayenta is made up of beds of sandstone, shale, and limestone, all lenticular, uneven at their tops, and discontinuous within short distances. They suggest deposits made by shifting streams o...
Kayenta Sandstone
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The sandstone beds, from less than 1-inch (25 mm) to more than 10 feet (3.0 m) thick, are composed of relatively coarse, well-rounded quartz grains cemented by lime and iron. The thicker beds are indefinitely cross bedded. The shales are essentially fine-grained, very thin sandstones that include lime concretions and b...
Kayenta Sandstone
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The limestone appears as solid gray-blue beds, a few inches to a few feet thick, and as lenses of limestone conglomerate. Most of the limestone lenses are less than 25 feet (7.6 m) long, but two were traced for nearly 500 feet (150 m) and one for 1,650 feet (500 m). Viewed as a whole, the Kayenta is readily distinguish...
Kayenta Sandstone
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It is unlike them in composition, color, manner of bedding, and sedimentary history. Obviously the conditions of sedimentation changed in passing from the Wingate Sandstone formation to the Kayenta and from the Kayenta to the Navajo sandstone, but the nature and regional significance of the changes have not been determ...
Kayenta Sandstone
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But in many sections the contact between the two formations is unconformable; the basal Kayenta consists of conglomerate and lenticular sandstone that fills depressions eroded in the underlying beds. In Moqui Canyon near Red Cone Spring nearly 10 feet (3.0 m) of Kayenta limestone conglomerate rests in a long meandering...
Kayenta Sandstone
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In most series, LCLC's comprise between 5% and 10% of all lung cancers.According to the Nurses' Health Study, the risk of large cell lung carcinoma increases with a previous history of tobacco smoking, with a previous smoking duration of 30 to 40 years giving a relative risk of approximately 2.3 compared to never-smoke...
Large-cell carcinoma
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In most settings the 40-yard dash is conducted without fully automatic timing, where lasers are used at both the beginning and end of the race. Instead, the 40-yard dash is most often hand-timed, leading to considerable measurement error. Many (in particular older) reports of sub-4.2 times are considered suspect, such ...
40-yard dash
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In most settings, division rules are often required to satisfy the following basic properties: Feasibility: the sum of allocations is at most the total estate, ∑ i = 1 n x i ≤ E {\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{n}x_{i}\leq E} . Efficiency: stronger than feasibility: the sum of allocations equals the total estate, ∑ i = 1 n ...
Bankruptcy problem
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Minimal-rights: stronger than non-negativity: each claimant should get at least his minimal right, which is what's left if all other agents get their full claims: ∀ i: x i ≥ m i , where m i := max ( 0 , E − ∑ j ≠ i c j ) {\displaystyle \forall i:x_{i}\geq m_{i},{\text{ where }}m_{i}:=\max(0,E-\sum _{j\neq i}c_{j})} . N...
Bankruptcy problem
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In generalized problems of claims with priorities, equal treatment of equals is required to hold for agents in each priority class, but not for agents in different priority classes. Equal treatment of equal groups: stronger than ETE: two subsets of claimants with the same total claim should get the same total allocatio...
Bankruptcy problem
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In most settings, the initial evaluation and stabilization of traumatic injury follows the same general principles of identifying and treating immediately life-threatening injuries. In the US, the American College of Surgeons publishes the Advanced Trauma Life Support guidelines, which provide a step-by-step approach t...
Blunt-force trauma
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This is sometimes described as the "A, B, C's"—Airway, Breathing, and Circulation—and is the first step in any resuscitation or triage. Then, the history of the accident or injury is amplified with any medical, dietary (timing of last oral intake) and history, from whatever sources such as family, friends, previous tre...
Blunt-force trauma
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The amount of time spent on diagnosis should be minimized and expedited by a combination of clinical assessment and appropriate use of technology, such as diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL), or bedside ultrasound examination (FAST) before proceeding to laparotomy if required. If time and the patient's stability permits...
Blunt-force trauma
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Its disadvantages include the time taken to acquire images, although this gets shorter with each generation of scanners, and the removal of the patient from the immediate view of the emergency or surgical staff. Many providers use the aid of an algorithm such as the ATLS guidelines to determine which images to obtain f...
Blunt-force trauma
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In most settings, there are a few "handlers" which are the players positioned around the disc. Their task is to distribute the disc forward and provide easy receiving options to whoever has the disc. Cutters, are the players positioned downfield, whose job is usually to catch the disc farther afield and progress the di...
Ultimate frisbee
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Typically, when the offense is playing against a zone defense the cutters will be assigned positions based on their location on the field, oftentimes referred to as "poppers and rails (or deep deeps)." Poppers will typically make cuts within 15 yards of the handler positions while rails alternate between longer movemen...
Ultimate frisbee