text stringlengths 8 5.77M |
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Q:
Issue with the operator like
I have this form which i use it to search specific records from the database.
This is the query:
$sql = "select * from `hostess` where first_name_en like '%$term' or family_name_en like '%$term%' order by `family_name_en` asc";
The issue is that if i search i.e ele there come all the names which contain ele, such as elena, etc etc, but if i write elena nothing comes up.
How come?
A:
Is there a reason why you didn't use the % at the end of the first_name_en value ?
$sql = "select * from `hostess` where first_name_en like '%$term%' or family_name_en like '%$term%' order by `family_name_en` asc";
Edit : For the uppercase-lowercase problem :
$term = strtolower($term);
$sql = "select * from `hostess` where lower(first_name_en) like '%$term%' or lower(family_name_en) like '%$term%' order by `family_name_en` asc";
|
In 1988, he revealed the existence of the ECHELON project, which has since 1997 become controversial throughout the world. In 1998, he was asked by the European Parliament to report on the development of surveillance technology and the risk of abuse of economic information, especially in relation to the ECHELON system. His report, “Interception Capabilities 2000” was approved by the European Parliament in April 1999, and presented to the parliament in Brussels in February 2000. In July 2000, the European Parliament appointed a committee of 36 MEPs to further investigate the ECHELON system.
The MEPs wrote another report, "on the existence of a global system for the interception of private and commercial communications (ECHELON interception system)", which was presented in July 2001. It would doubtless have created some pretty big waves in the EU had not the attack on the Twin Towers a few months later meant that nobody wanted to be seen weakening the intelligence services. The report was filed and Echelon was forgotten -- and carried on as before. A new article by Campbell published in The Register shows that around the same time that most politicians lost interest in exposing mass surveillance, the UK government was busily building another, highly-intrusive monitoring system that was only acknowledged very recently:
Finally, on November 4th [2015], the Home Office took the lid off what had been going on secretly since 2000. Asking Parliament to allow mass surveillance of telephone records to continue, Home Secretary Theresa May admitted that "under Section 94 of the Telecommunications Act 1984 ... successive governments have approved the security and intelligence agencies' access" to [bulk] communications data from communication service providers", claiming that it helped MI5 "thwart a number of attacks here in the UK".
According to Campbell, that "bulk communications data" includes detailed records of telephone calls, health records, personal credit card and banking transactions, flight bookings and internet records. As he points out, the fact that all this data was being gathered secretly meant that repeated -- and heated -- Parliamentary debates about whether it should be collected, conducted in the belief that currently it was not, were a complete sham:
MPs and peers spent months arguing about a pretence, and in ignorance of the cost and human rights implications of what successive governments were doing in secret.
As well as duplicity, that bespeaks a stunning contempt on the part of the UK government for both Parliament and the public. That indifference to people's concerns is also manifest in the latest attempt to bring in a Snooper's Charter, officially known as the Investigatory Powers Bill. Campbell points out that the only response from the UK authorities to widespread fears about the creation of a huge, intrusive database recording key aspects of UK citizens' lives is to pretend it doesn't exist:
Vigilance on behalf of liberty has had little discernible impact, except in the field of semantics. Across 299 pages in the new Investigatory Powers Bill, the word "database" does not appear once.
Billions of call and internet records, stolen financial data, intercepted travel records, a heap of bulk personal datasets on matters including religion, racial or ethnic origin, political views, medical condition, sexual orientation, or legally privileged, journalistic or otherwise confidential information, all joined up together and archived in secret do not constitute a "database", whatever techie readers may think. And that's official.
from the undersea-blowback dept
Long before there was Edward Snowden (or even an NSA), there have, unsurprisingly, been government intelligence operatives gifted at tapping communications networks, be they via satellite dish or undersea cables. In fact, before Snowden, back when most people (including most of the press) treated total surveillance as the incoherent ramblings of paranoids, there was Echelon. The highly-confidential program, jointly operated by the U.S., U.K., Australia, Canada and New Zealand, truly took off in the 1960s, and focused on using any means necessary to gather communications intelligence. The program started with a focus on intercepting satellite lines, then shifted to undersea cable taps, microwave transmission intercepts, and other options.
"At a summit in Brussels, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff said the $185 million cable project was central to "guarantee the neutrality" of the Internet, signaling her desire to shield Brazil's Internet traffic from U.S. surveillance. "We have to respect privacy, human rights and the sovereignty of nations. We don't want businesses to be spied upon," Rousseff told a joint news conference with the presidents of the European Commission and the European Council. "The Internet is one of the best things man has ever invented. So we agreed for the need to guarantee ... the neutrality of the network, a democratic area where we can protect freedom of expression," Rousseff said."
To pretend the NSA lacks the ability to simply tap this new cable run, nab that same data at any of a million interconnection points, or just get it handed to them by other intelligence agencies is perhaps either naive, a bit of political salesmanship for the project, or both. Still, it's another instance of how the NSA revelations have significantly tarnished international/U.S. relations, resulting in a large number of countries making it a point of pride to avoid using U.S. technology. That's not going to be particularly great for U.S. industry, and we're likely only just seeing the tip of the iceberg. |
Chelsea won the title in 2016-17 - and received almost £151m from the Premier League
Club bosses are preparing for one of the most important meetings in the Premier League's history on Wednesday.
It comes amid a potentially damaging split over the way the next round of multi-billion-pound international broadcasting rights are shared.
Under pressure from the six richest clubs, the league's executive chairman Richard Scudamore has proposed ending 25 years of the equal sharing of international broadcasting income.
Scudamore presented his plan - which would see 35% of the revenue divided according to league position - to the 14 other clubs last week. But it has been met with resistance and, with a two-thirds majority required to approve any changes, he now faces a major challenge to broker some form of agreement.
Biggest TV deals Competition Annual cost Total cost Duration NFL (American football) $4.95bn (£3.24bn) $39.6bn (£25.95bn) 8 years (2014-22) NBA (basketball) $2.6bn (£1.7bn) $24bn (£15.73bn) 9 years (2016-25) MLB (baseball) $1.55bn (£1.02bn) $12.4bn (£8.13bn) 8 years (2014-21) Premier League £1.7bn £5.14bn 3 years (2016-19)
The £3bn overseas deal for 2016-19 generates a £39m annual windfall for each club.
But new contracts for some international markets such as China and the United States for the next period between 2019 and 2022 have been booming in value. The so-called 'big six' - Manchester United, Manchester City, Arsenal, Tottenham, Liverpool and Chelsea - now want their greater global popularity reflected.
Some are understood to feel that the domestic TV market, currently worth £5.1bn, may be nearing saturation point. It is also thought some were worried by Leicester City's surprise Premier League win in 2015-16, and are concerned about competing with the likes of Paris St-Germain, Barcelona and Real Madrid for the best playing talent.
The league is keen to reach a compromise before going into domestic rights negotiations, where worries over what the 'big six' could do next - if they are blocked - could create uncertainty.
Failure to reach agreement would inevitably revive concerns over the possibility of a breakaway of the richest clubs to form a European 'super league'. More realistically, they could agitate to have more matches broadcast live, or revisit the idea of playing games abroad.
How the income of domestic TV deals have changed
What the breakdown is |
Nanopore formation and phosphatidylserine externalization in a phospholipid bilayer at high transmembrane potential.
Atomic-resolution molecular dynamics simulations of lipid bilayers containing 7% phosphatidylserine (PS) on one leaflet are consistent with experimental observations of membrane poration and PS externalization in living cells exposed to nanosecond, megavolt-per-meter electric pulses. Nanometer-diameter aqueous pores develop within nanoseconds after application of an electric field of 450 mV/nm, and electrophoretic transport of the anionic PS headgroup along the newly constructed hydrophilic pore surface commences even while pore formation is still in progress. |
310 F.3d 461
Dorothy CLARK, Individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Charles Clark, Plaintiff-Appellee,v.CHRYSLER CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 97-6380.
United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
Argued: November 2, 1999.
Decided and Filed: October 24, 2002.
COPYRIGHT MATERIAL OMITTED COPYRIGHT MATERIAL OMITTED Richard Hay (argued and briefed), Somerset, KY, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
Lawrence A. Sutter (briefed), Brian D. Sullivan (briefed), Reminger & Reminger, Cleveland, OH, Theodore J. Boutrous, Jr. (argued and briefed), Thomas H. Dupree, Jr. (briefed), Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, Washington, DC, for Defendant-Appellant.
Before MERRITT and DAVID A. NELSON, Circuit Judges; OLIVER, District Judge.*
OLIVER, D.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which MERRITT, J., joined. DAVID A. NELSON, J. (pp. 482-484), delivered a separate opinion concurring in part and dissenting in part.
OPINION
1
OLIVER, District Judge.
2
Defendant-Appellant, Chrysler Corporation ("Chrysler"), appeals a jury verdict rendered against it for $235,629.13 in compensatory and $3,000,000 in punitive damages in a product liability action brought by Plaintiff-Appellee, Dorothy Clark ("Mrs.Clark"), individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Charles Clark ("Charles" or "Mr. Clark"), her deceased husband. It argues, in this lawsuit growing out of a car crash in which Mr. Clark was killed, that (1) the judgment for Mrs. Clark should be reversed and judgment entered in its favor because she failed to produce legally sufficient evidence to permit a reasonable jury to find causation and impose punitive damages or, in the alternative, (2) it should be granted a new trial because (a) the testimony of Mrs. Clark's expert witnesses was unreliable and should have been excluded by the trial court under Fed R. Evid. 702 for failure to conduct tests of the allegedly defective product or of alternative designs that could have prevented the decedent's injuries and death, (b) the trial court erroneously instructed the jury that compliance with federal safety standards "should be considered ... merely as one piece of evidence on the issues in this case," rather than instructing it as required by the Kentucky Revised Statute ("KRS") § 411.310(2) that compliance with federal safety standards created a presumption that the product, a Dodge Ram truck, was not defective, and (c) the trial court erroneously allowed Mrs. Clark's expert to testify regarding other alleged incidents as evidence that the product was defective without establishing that the incidents involved were "substantially similar" to the incident in this case. For the reasons discussed herein, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
I.
3
Charles Clark, an owner of a small construction company, was fatally injured on October 14, 1993, in an automobile accident when he and his two nephews, Freddy Clark ("Freddy") and Billy Clark ("Billy"), left a job site in Gray, Kentucky, to obtain lunch. Mr. Clark, who was driving his 1992 Dodge Ram club cab pickup on Kentucky Highway 233 with Freddy in the front seat and Billy in the back seat, stopped at the intersection of Highway 233 and Interstate Route 25. As Mr. Clark began to make a left turn onto Route 25, his truck was hit by a Kentucky State Police cruiser driven by Alfred Barnett ("Officer Barnett") approaching from his left. Officer Barnett testified that he was traveling 55 miles per hour when he saw Mr. Clark pull into the intersection. Officer Barnett applied his brakes and turned his wheels to the left in an effort to avoid the truck. However, he was not able to do so, and the right fender of his vehicle struck the truck's left front fender. The vehicles collided in such a way that they rotated, causing them to "side slap" after impact. Mr. Clark's truck continued to rotate in a clockwise position while Officer Barnett's cruiser, traveling south at the time of impact, continued left across two northbound lanes of traffic, coming to rest after hitting a dirt embankment 153 feet away. During the course of the accident, Charles Clark, who was not wearing a seat belt, was ejected from his vehicle and thrown into the grass median. He died six hours later at the University of Kentucky Hospital as a result of injuries sustained in the accident. The coroner determined that the cause of death was due to cardior-espiratory arrest and blunt force injury to the thorax growing out of a motor vehicle collision. Neither of Mr. Clark's nephews was ejected. They were not wearing seat belts at the time of the accident. Officer Barnett, who was wearing a seat belt, and the dog that was traveling in the cruiser with him, were not seriously injured. The only injury Officer Barnett testified to was a three-inch laceration to his right forearm.
4
The District Court had diversity jurisdiction over the case. After a three-day trial, the jury rendered a unanimous verdict on October 1, 1997. The eight-person jury found in favor of Mrs. Clark on claims of strict liability, negligence and failure to warn. It stated in answer to agreed-to interrogatories: (1) The 1992 Dodge Ram pickup truck in question was defective and unreasonably dangerous for use by Charles Clark, and that such defect or defects was a substantial factor in causing Charles Clark's injuries and death.
5
(2) Chrysler Corporation failed to exercise ordinary care in the design, testing, manufacturing or marketing of the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup truck in question, and that such failure was a substantial factor in causing Charles Clark's injuries and death.
6
(3) Chrysler Corporation failed to use reasonable care to provide adequate warning of potential dangers associated with the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup truck in question and that such failure to warn was a substantial factor in causing Charles Clark's injuries and death.
7
The jury found that both Chrysler and Charles Clark were each 50% at fault. It returned a verdict of $471,258.26 in compensatory damages and $3,000,000 in punitive damages. Thereafter, the court entered judgment against Chrysler for $3,235,629.13, which reflected 50% of the compensatory damages plus the total amount of the punitive damages found by the jury. After trial, Chrysler renewed its motion for judgment as a matter of law which the court had denied at the end of Mrs. Clark's case and also filed a motion for a new trial. The court denied both motions.
II.
8
Chrysler argues that the trial court should have excluded the testimony of Mrs. Clark's experts, Mr. Billy Peterson, a latch expert, and Mr. Andrew Gilberg, a B-pillar and accident reconstruction expert, because they did not perform any testing relative to the accident in suit. We review the decision of a district court to admit or exclude expert testimony for abuse of discretion. General Elec. Co. v. Joiner, 522 U.S. 136, 138-139, 118 S.Ct. 512, 139 L.Ed.2d 508 (1997). Deference to the decision of the trial court "is the hallmark of abuse-of-discretion review." Id. at 143, 118 S.Ct. 512. Giving the ruling of the trial judge the broad range of discretion to which it is entitled, this court finds that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in this case.
9
In determining whether to admit expert testimony, the trial court must decide whether an expert's testimony is both relevant and reliable. Clay v. Ford Motor Co., 215 F.3d 663, 667 (6th Cir.2000). Chrysler's challenge herein does not go to the relevance of the testimony given by Mrs. Clark's experts but to its reliability. In making this determination, the Supreme Court confirmed in Kumho Tire Co., Ltd. v. Carmichael, 526 U.S. 137, 119 S.Ct. 1167, 143 L.Ed.2d 238 (1999), that the gatekeeping function which the U.S. Supreme Court enunciated in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786, 125 L.Ed.2d 469 (1993), applies not just to scientific evidence but to all expert testimony, including testimony based on technical and other specialized knowledge. Kumho Tire, 526 U.S. at 141, 119 S.Ct. 1167. The Court also indicated that the factors which it set forth in Daubert as being pertinent to whether scientific evidence should be admitted, testing, peer review and publication, potential rate of error, and general acceptance in the relevant community, may be considered by the trial court in regard to proffered non-scientific expert testimony. Id. However, the Court explained that whether these factors are "reasonable measures of reliability in a particular case is a matter that the law grants the trial judge broad latitude to determine." Id. at 153, 119 S.Ct. 1167.
10
At trial, Chrysler filed a motion in limine regarding the testimony of both of Mrs. Clark's experts. In support of its motion in limine seeking to exclude Mr. Gilberg's testimony, Chrysler argued that Mr. Gilberg's opinions were not based on independent scientific tests that he had conducted and that he did not produce any test results on which he based his opinions. The trial court denied the motion, stating:
11
[Mr. Gilberg] used a scientific method previously in testing door latches. Even though he didn't do it in this particular case, he can speak to these latches because he has previously tested similar latches. And the differences between those latches can be examined on cross-examination.... Those differences are not a reason to grant a Daubert motion.
12
Joint Appendix ("JA") at 99. The court stated further:
13
[His opinion] is based upon his own physical examination of the latches here at issue and upon his conducting of his own testing.
14
[H]is knowledge is based upon his own testimony and assists the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue. And so I'm going to let it in.
15
Daubert goes on to talk about acceptance of others in the field and other methods of establishing reliability. And I'm satisfied that with his own testimony, that's all taken care of.
16
JA at 100.
17
Chrysler also argued in its motion in limine that the testimony of Mr. Peterson regarding B-pillars should be excluded because he only conducted a physical examination of the B-pillar and did not do any testing himself. Prior to ruling on the motion, the court summarized Mr. Peterson's testimony as follows:
18
[Y]our Mr. Peterson will testify about pillars in general, particularly B pillars, and will compare the Chrysler/Dodge Ram B pillar with the B pillars of contemporary Chevrolet, Ford, Nissan and Toyota pickup trucks. Mr. Peterson will discuss B pillars in the concept of design structure and materials and deformation principles, which are basic principles of mechanical engineering. He will testify that horizontal rotation of B pillar and door latch striker is a well recognized failure of a latch system in side impact accidents.
19
JA at 105. Thereafter, noting that Daubert does not require "an expert to come in and actually perform tests in any given situation," the court concluded that this testimony should not be precluded merely because Mr. Peterson had not performed testing in the case. The court found Mr. Peterson's opinions based on his examination of the B-pillar to be sufficiently reliable because they were based on his training as a mechanical engineer and his experience as a safety standards engineer with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ("NHTSA"). He was therefore permitted to render an opinion at trial on how the door came open and that the latch was defective.
A.
20
The trial court did not abuse its discretion in allowing Mr. Gilberg to testify at trial. The bases for Mr. Gilberg's testimony and opinions are clearly reliable. First, Mr. Gilberg demonstrated thorough knowledge of automobile door latch systems. Mr. Gilberg received an undergraduate degree in mechanical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a Masters of Science Degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan. He worked for Ford Motor Company for six years in the area of safety research beginning in 1978. He later worked for a four-year period with Versatech, a consulting company, doing, among other things, accident investigations for insurance companies, attorneys, the automobile industry and local governments. In this capacity, he looked at "how vehicles acted and held up in" accidents and was sometimes involved in reconstructions of accidents. JA at 140. Eventually, Mr. Gilberg came to study the ejection of occupants from vehicles, including how and why ejections happen. In 1985, he began analyzing cases involving door latch failures. At the time of trial, he was employed by his own company and had been involved in testing door latches for strength and how they failed for twelve years. At that point, almost all of Mr. Gilberg's work dealt with door latches and door latch systems; he had done approximately 200 cases of this type by the time of trial.
21
Second, Mr. Gilberg has done extensive testing on door latches, and in particular, testing of bypass failure, which is what he maintains caused the door of the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup to open in this case, ejecting Mr. Clark. For example, Mr. Gilberg has designed a number of fixtures to test door latches. One of Mr. Gilberg's tests was specifically designed to test bypass failure. This test has been used by the NHTSA. The fact that he did not do any specific testing in this case goes to the weight of his testimony and not to its admissibility. See Clay, 215 F.3d at 668.
22
Third, Mr. Gilberg's testimony at trial demonstrates that he was familiar with the Chrysler K latch, the type found on the Dodge Ram which was involved in the accident, and which was the primary door latch used by Chrysler for a period of 12 to 14 years, beginning in 1981. He explained that the Chrysler K latch had two basic elements, called a ratchet and a pawl, that work together to hold the door closed. Mr. Gilberg described the ratchet as a U-shaped pivoting arm that grasps a striker (a bolt sticking out of the B-pillar at the rear opening of the door) and holds the door closed. The pawl is a detent lever with a little tooth, which "drags down and holds the ratchet in a closed position." JA at 142. In other words, when the striker on the frame moves into the latch on the door, the pawl drops down to hold the ratchet closed. When the handle is pulled, the pawl is lifted, releasing the striker and opening the door. Normally, the only way the door should open is when the inside or outside handle lifts the pawl. Bypass failure occurs when the ratchet and pawl are out of alignment with each other. When this happens, they slide by each other.
23
Fourth, Mr. Gilberg examined the latch in this case twice. He also examined other K latches identical to the one on Mr. Clark's Dodge Ram which had been involved in accidents. During his testimony, he emphasized there was not much damage to the frame of the door, even where the collision occurred, or to the area of the truck where the screws hold the latch onto the door. There was, however, significant damage to the B-pillar, which was twisted and rotated outward. Likewise, the striker, which would normally point forward, had been turned outward. Mr. Gilberg further testified that his examination of the latch revealed several indications that bypass failure had occurred in this case. Specifically, he pointed to the denting in the back of the latch opening where the striker was forced and a nick on the ratchet caused by the fork bolt getting hooked on the corner of the pawl. This indicated to him that the ratchet and the pawl were out of alignment and "just at the end a little bit of metal was clipped off." JA at 159. According to Mr. Gilberg, this meant that "if you lift that pawl, particularly with enough force to bottom it out here to make a nick, you have released the latch." JA at 160. As to the other K latches Mr. Gilberg examined, he testified that at least four had failed in an identical manner to the one in this lawsuit and, in total, had resulted in five ejections. He further indicated that the five bypass twist-out cases he had seen occurred within the last five or six years prior to suit.
24
Fifth, Mr. Gilberg's testimony at trial demonstrates that he had extensive technical knowledge on the type of bypass failure testing that was performed on Chrysler K latches manufactured at the time of the accident, and specifically, on the inadequacies of such testing. He testified that the concept of latch bypass failure has been known in the industry since this type of latch was introduced. He stated that the latch itself was designed to resist the forces described by the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 206 ("FMVSS 206"). Those safety standards require automobiles to demonstrate, through a machine test which "rigidly holds the latch in one jaw and the striker in the other," that they cannot be pulled apart up to a certain amount of pressure. JA at 161. According to Mr. Gilberg's testimony, there are significant problems with this test in that the latch and striker are not allowed to move around relative to each other as they do in a car body. For example, they are not allowed to twist, making the latch appear stronger than it actually is. Thus, the test does not accurately relate how the latch will perform in an accident.
25
Mr. Gilberg testified that another problem with the test is that it requires force to be applied in only two directions-longitudinally (the way the car travels) and in a burst direction to the door, in an effort to shear the lock off. Although Mr. Gilberg testified that the Chrysler K latch did not perform poorly on these two tests, he explained that latches are almost never subjected to pure longitudinal or pure shear force during a crash. Rather, the force applied to the latch is usually a combination of not only these forces, but twist-out force as well.
26
The reliability of Mr. Gilberg's testimony as to this issue is substantiated by the fact that in 1974, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administrator posted a notice in the Federal Register indicating its desire to change the testing procedure for latches to make it more reflective of the kind of stress latches undergo in an accident.1
27
Finally, Mr. Gilberg's testimony at trial regarding state-of-the-art and state-of-the-industry in door latches at the time the 1992 Dodge Ram was manufactured also demonstrates that his opinions were reliable. Specifically, he testified that the latch in the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup was not state-of-the-art or state-of-the-industry. He noted that the hinges on the door were not damaged and that there was no technical challenge to making the door latch as strong as the hinges. Indicating that the overall problem was a "systems problem," and not just a latch problem, he explained that the strength of the latch could have been increased by stiffening up the mounting or moving the mounting points or screws closer together so they could bracket the area where the ratchet and pawl meet. This would have made the latch more resistant to prying without adding weight. Another method that could have been used to make the latch stronger would have been to utilize a ratchet which bracketed both sides of the detent lever so that the pawl tooth was inside the ratchet and could not move sideways. He described several examples in the industry that were state-of-the-art at the time Mr. Clark's Dodge Ram was manufactured, including a pin and cone system, which has a pin sticking out of the body that mates with a hole in the latch to help reinforce the latch. Mr. Gilberg testified that it was his opinion, to a reasonable degree of engineering certainty, that a state-of-the-industry latch would not have allowed the door on the Dodge Ram to open.
28
For these reasons, the trial court did not err in allowing Mr. Gilberg to testify at trial. Mr. Gilberg's opinion that the Dodge Ram K latch system was defective and that it was unreasonably dangerous was based on his technical knowledge with respect to automobile door latch systems, his extensive testing of door latch bypass failure, his familiarity with the Chrysler K latch, his examination of the latch in this case as well as other K latches identical to the one involved in this lawsuit, his technical knowledge as to the type of bypass failure testing that was performed on Chrysler K latches manufactured at the time of the accident, as well as the fact that a state-of-the-industry door latch probably would have prevented Mr. Clark's ejection. The court therefore agrees with the trial court that under Daubert, there was a sufficiently reliable foundation for Mr. Gilberg's testimony.
B.
29
The trial court also did not err in denying Chrysler's motion in limine with respect to Plaintiffs' other expert, Mr. Peterson. Mr. Peterson was hired to testify as an expert on why the door on Mr. Clark's truck came open and on accident reconstruction. Like Mr. Gilberg, there was a sufficiently reliable basis for Mr. Peterson's testimony at trial.
30
As the trial court found, the fact that Mr. Peterson only conducted a physical examination of the B-pillar and did not do any testing himself does not render his testimony unreliable. Clay, 215 F.3d at 668. First, Mr. Peterson's testimony as to the cause of the door opening was based on his extensive background in automobile safety testing. Mr. Peterson graduated from North Carolina State with a Bachelor of Science Degree in mechanical engineering in 1961. After working a short period with the Army at Aberdeen Proving Grounds in the automotive division, he worked in aerospace at NASA and Sperry Rand for seven years. In 1970, he began a thirteen-year stint with the NHTSA, the U.S. Department of Transportation entity responsible for establishing the rules and standards automobile manufacturers have to comply with in the United States. At the NHTSA, Mr. Peterson was a safety standards engineer responsible for writing standards to apply to vehicles. During this period, he also set up a small test facility in Atlantic City, where NHTSA did testing, research and development. There he was involved in testing of various kinds, including side impact testing and rear impact testing. In 1976, he transferred to the Transportation Research Center of Ohio, another NHTSA facility, to create a research, development, and testing arm of the Center. He was a division chief in charge of project engineering and was involved in a substantial amount of testing for safety-related defects in vehicles. His work with this group also included research on barrier tests for the NHTSA research and development group in Washington.
31
In 1984, Mr. Peterson established Automobile Safety Testing, Incorporated. For the first six or seven years of the company's existence, it did consulting work for manufacturers, including Chrysler, performing various types of tests. Even after Mr. Peterson started his company, he continued to consult with Transportation Research Center of Ohio for six years. Eventually, the company began doing less work for manufacturers than previously and became more involved in litigation.
32
Mr. Peterson testified that through his work with the NHTSA and at Automobile Safety Testing, he has been involved in hundreds of crash tests. Some of the side impact crash tests he worked on involved evaluating door latches. Most of the crash tests were run with dummies so that Mr. Peterson and others could study occupant kinematics, how the dummy moved if it hit anything, and the extent to which it would have been injured if it were a human. Occasionally, these tests would be run with the occupant unrestrained.
33
Second, Mr. Peterson's opinions and his testimony in the case were based in part on his examination of Mr. Clark's truck, the accident scene, the police report, the photographs and the depositions in the case. He originally examined the truck in Kentucky but then brought it back to his facility in Ohio for more in-depth inspection. Although he was not able to actually view the police car, he studied photographs of it.
34
Based on his examination of the truck as well as his extensive knowledge of automobile safety testing, Mr. Peterson explained the structure to which the door attached when it closed was called the "B-pillar." He described the B-pillar as the "skeleton" of the vehicle and noted that pillars are usually reinforced to act as a structure. According to Mr. Peterson, one of the most efficient and easiest ways to make a structure is to make a box of sheet metal by forming a square and spot welding it. However, he described the B-pillar in this case as being little more than the sheet metal body of the vehicle. It is very lightly reinforced sheet metal which, for the most part, has not been formed into a box. He described the metal as a low alloy steel which is high strength in tension (i.e., when it is grabbed on either side and pulled), but is not very strong in bending or shear. Mr. Peterson testified that in his opinion, the B-pillar involved in this case was defective at the time the vehicle was made and assembled in 1992. He noted that after the accident, "the striker which should be directly parallel to the center line of the vehicle ... it's pointed out at an angle to that direction." JA at 324. He described the B-pillar as being bowed outward.
35
Third, Mr. Peterson's testimony at trial regarding the state-of-the-industry in B-pillars at the time the 1992 Dodge Ram was manufactured also demonstrates that his testimony and opinions were reliable. At trial, Mr. Peterson testified about how other vehicles at the time the Dodge Ram was manufactured, including a Toyota pickup, a 1991 Nissan, and a 1989 Ford, had "boxed" B-pillars; that is, the B-pillar was boxed and reinforced in the area of the striker. Analyzing a B-pillar of the type used in the Chrysler pickup involved in the accident, Mr. Peterson noted that it did not utilize the box within a box design as in the other vehicles. Although the B-pillar in Mr. Clark's truck did have some boxing from the bottom of the window up, the boxing did not begin until "considerably above the striker." Mr. Peterson testified that the B-pillar in Clark's truck was twisted out at the place where the latch striker plate is attached. According to him, the latch failed because there was nothing below the window to prevent the B-pillar from twisting out. Mr. Peterson testified that the latch on the Dodge Ram was clearly not state-of-the-art; to the contrary, it was probably 40 years out of date. He further testified that he had never seen a B-pillar that was a single piece of sheet metal like the one in the Dodge Ram. He concluded that the B-pillar was defectively designed and that boxing would have prevented the twist-out.
36
Finally, Mr. Peterson's testimony was based in part on general acceptance in the automobile industry regarding B-pillar testing at the time the Dodge Ram was manufactured. Mr. Peterson indicated that though B-pillar twist-out was a known failure mode in the automobile industry, he had never seen one to the extent of the one involved in this lawsuit. He noted that in 1987, General Motors submitted a twist-out test procedure to NHTSA for informational purposes. The procedure was also made available to other automobile manufactures, including Chrysler. Despite its awareness that General Motors was testing its B-pillars for twist-out, Chrysler did not choose to test its latches for twist-out failure.
37
For these reasons, Chrysler's motion in limine to exclude Mr. Peterson was properly denied by the trial court. Mr. Peterson's opinions were based on his extensive background in automobile safety testing; his examination of Mr. Clark's truck, the accident scene, the police report, the photographs and the depositions in the case; the state-of-the-art and state-of-the industry in B-pillars; and general acceptance in the automobile industry regarding B-pillar testing at the time the Dodge Ram was manufactured. The court therefore agrees with the trial court that under Daubert, there was a sufficiently reliable foundation for Mr. Peterson's testimony.
III.
38
Chrysler also argues that it is entitled to a new trial because the trial court permitted Mr. Gilberg to testify regarding four other alleged incidents as proof that the Dodge Ram door latch was defective, even though there was no showing that the other incidents involved circumstances "substantially similar" to those surrounding Mr. Clark's accident.
39
In order for evidence of prior accidents to be admissible, the prior accidents must be "substantially similar" to the accident in suit. Rye v. Black & Decker Mfg. Co., 889 F.2d 100, 101 (6th Cir. 1989). "Substantially similar means that the accidents must have occurred under similar circumstances or share the same cause." Id. at 102. In reviewing the admission or exclusion of evidence concerning accidents or incidents, this court applies an abuse of discretion standard. In making this determination, the trial court's decision is to be given great latitude and it cannot be reversed unless there is a strong showing of abuse. Id. Upon review, we conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in allowing Mr. Gilberg to testify about the four prior Chrysler K latch failures.
40
The testimony to which Chrysler objects occurred during the direct examination of Mr. Gilberg concerning why the test required by FMVSS 206 did not realistically represent what was likely to happen in a side impact accident. During this portion of his direct examination, Mr. Gilberg testified that FMVSS 206:
41
is a test of either the shear strength or the tensile strength of the latch. This latch, the latches almost never — I could even say in a crash a latch is almost never put in a pure tension or a pure shear. It's either a combination of both, usually there is a twist-out force acting on the latch as well.
42
JA at 164. Mr. Gilberg indicated that from his examination of the Dodge Ram latch, he could tell that it was subjected to a twist-out force. Counsel thereafter sought to elicit testimony from Mr. Gilberg regarding his examination of Chrysler K latches in other accidents. Chrysler's counsel objected on the ground of relevance, and the following colloquy took place at side bar:
43
MR. SUTTER [Defendant's counsel]: He's never seen an ejection in this type of vehicle. He has seen ejections in other vehicles, other makes and other models. None in a damaged club cab.
44
THE COURT: Where are you going with this?
45
MR. HAY [Plaintiff's counsel]: Your Honor, he's — he's got five other latches.
46
THE COURT: Five K latches?
47
MR. HAY: Pardon me?
48
THE COURT: Five K latches?
49
MR. HAY: Oh, yes, had the same failure.
50
MR. SUTTER: In other vehicles, in other accidents.
51
THE COURT: That's cross examination. Overruled.
52
JA at 166-167.
53
Thereafter, Mr. Gilberg testified that he had examined other K latches identical to the one involved in the lawsuit and that four of them had failed in a manner "identical" to the latch involved in the lawsuit, resulting in five persons being ejected. JA at 167. He indicated that these latches had failed in the five or six years prior to trial and that they involved bypass twist-out failure of the locks just as the lock involved in the Clark accident did.
54
It is clear that the purpose of Mr. Gilberg's testimony about the four recent instances where he had seen the K latch suffer a bypass twist-out failure was to further demonstrate that door latches failed in ways that were not measured by FMVSS 206. His expertise taught him that these bypass failures were a result of the vehicles involved being subjected to a twisting or prying load, as in the accident in suit. From the context of Mr. Gilberg's testimony, it is evident that the prior accidents shared the same cause as Mr. Clark's accident. Mr. Gilberg's testimony clearly demonstrated that he could tell by looking at a door latch whether or not the latch had been subjected to a twist-out force or prying load during an accident. Because Mr. Gilberg could tell that the latches in the prior accidents as well as the latch in the accident in suit had all been subjected to a twist-out force and not just a tensile and/or shear force.
55
Although the fact that the accidents shared the same cause would have been enough to support the trial court's conclusion that Mr. Gilberg's testimony should be admitted, the testimony also could have been admitted on the basis that Mr. Clark's accident involved similar circumstances as the prior accidents. In order to prove that an accident occurred under similar circumstances, it is not necessary to prove, as Chrysler argues, that the prior accidents involved a vehicle identical to the one driven by Mr. Clark or that all of the circumstances of the accidents are identical. As the Tenth Circuit noted in Smith v. Ingersoll-Rand Co., 214 F.3d 1235 (10th Cir.2000):
56
The substantial similarity rule does not require identical products; nor does it require us to compare the products in their entireties. The rule requires substantial similarity among the variables relevant to the plaintiff's theory of defect.
57
Id. at 1248. In this case, all of the incidents Mr. Gilberg testified to involved failure of the K latch in accidents involving Chrysler vehicles. Particularly in light of testimony in the case that Officer Barnett's cruiser hit Mr. Clark's truck at a relatively low impact (i.e., most likely at a lower, or at most, the same, impact than the prior accidents), the trial court would have been justified in concluding that the circumstances of the prior accidents were sufficiently similar to the accident in this case to allow Mr. Gilberg's testimony.
58
Giving the trial judge the latitude required by the abuse of discretion standard, we find that she did not abuse her discretion in allowing Mr. Gilberg's testimony on the four prior accidents and requiring Chrysler to show on cross-examination such dissimilarities between the accidents as it wished.
IV.
59
Chrysler lastly argues that it is entitled to a new trial because the trial court erroneously failed to give a jury instruction that Chrysler's compliance with FMVSS 206 created a presumption that the Dodge Ram pickup truck was not defective. Instead of such an instruction, the trial court gave the following instruction:
60
You have heard testimony that the door latch and hardware of the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup truck complied with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 206. Compliance with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 206 does not exempt Chrysler Corporation from any liability you may find. This standard should be considered by you merely as one piece of evidence on the issues in this case. The application of the standard to the facts of the case is solely for you to determine, as is the weight to be given the standard in determining the issues.
61
JA at 462.
62
This court reviews a district court's refusal to give requested jury instructions under an abuse of discretion standard. See Buziashvili v. Inman, 106 F.3d 709, 715 (6th Cir.1997). We review jury instructions "as a whole in order to determine whether the instructions adequately inform the jury of relevant considerations and provide a basis in law for aiding the jury to reach its decision." Hisrich v. Volvo Cars of N. Am., Inc., 226 F.3d 445, 449 (6th Cir.2000) (citation omitted).
63
To support its argument that Chrysler's compliance with FMVSS 206 created a presumption that the Dodge Ram pickup truck was not defective, Chrysler cites Kentucky Revised Statutes ("KRS") § 411.310(2), which states:
64
In any product liability action, it shall be presumed, until rebutted by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary, that the product was not defective if the design, methods of manufacture, and testing conformed to the generally recognized and prevailing standards or the state of the art in existence at the time the design was prepared, and the product was manufactured.
65
Chrysler acknowledges that the Kentucky Supreme Court has not addressed the issue of whether the presumption embodied in KRS § 411.310(2) requires a jury instruction. See Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. v. Golightly, 976 S.W.2d 409, 415 (Ky.1998) (refusing to address the issue because it had not been presented for appellate review). It nevertheless argues that pursuant to KRS § 411.310(2), it was entitled to its requested instruction.
66
On review, the court finds that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in refusing to give the instruction requested by Chrysler. The Fourth Circuit, in applying KRS § 411.310(2) in a product liability action against a helmet manufacturer, found that no such jury instruction was required. In Sexton v. Bell Helmets, Inc., 926 F.2d 331, 333 (4th Cir.1991), the parties agreed that at the time the helmet was designed and manufactured, there were three industry standards which existed pertaining to the manufacturing of helmets. The parties also agreed that the helmet at issue complied with each of the standards. After substantial evidence was presented that the product was defective, the trial court concluded that the presumption was no longer a matter to be considered. The trial court, therefore, sent the case to the jury without any instruction regarding the presumption set forth in KRS § 411.310(2). The Court of Appeals agreed that this was proper, stating:
67
[i]f the plaintiff fails to present substantial evidence to prove his case that a product was defective, the court will direct the verdict; if the plaintiff presents substantial evidence that carries him over the directed verdict threshold, the evidence will take the case to the jury and, at the same time, overcome the presumption created by the statute. The standard for rebutting the presumption under the statute, i.e., by introduction of evidence that shows a defect by a preponderance of the evidence ... is the same as that which makes out a prima facie case for the plaintiff.
68
Id. Indeed, the court noted that it could "perceive no reason why the trial court would ever have to instruct on this statutory presumption." Id. ("Having burst the bubble by the introduction of evidence [of product defect], the plaintiff was entitled to have the question decided on the evidence and the presumption of KRS 411.310(2) was no longer applicable.").
69
The Fourth Circuit's opinion in Sexton is in accord with the manner in which presumptions are generally handled in civil cases in Kentucky, where juries are not normally instructed in regard to presumptions except in a narrow set of circumstances. Id. As the Kentucky Supreme Court stated in Meyers v. Chapman Printing Co., Inc., 840 S.W.2d 814, 824 (Ky. 1952), "[i]n Kentucky jury instructions do not include evidentiary presumptions." The court clarified the purpose of such presumptions, explaining that they:
70
alter the burden of going forward with the evidence, and thus may result in a directed verdict in the absence of countervailing evidence. [However,] the jury instructions should be framed only to state what the jury must believe from the evidence in order to return a verdict in favor of the party who bears the burden of proof.
71
Id. The Chapman court also described the Kentucky approach to jury instructions as not to provide detail, but only to provide the "`bare bones' of the question for jury determination." Id.
72
The decision by the Kentucky Court of Appeals in Leslie v. Cincinnati Sub-Zero Products, 961 S.W.2d 799, 803 (Ky.App. 1998), further supports the conclusion that the trial court did not err in not giving a jury instruction that Chrysler's compliance with FMVSS 206 created a presumption that the Dodge Ram pickup truck was not defective. In Leslie, the appellate court overruled the trial court's granting of the defendant's summary judgment motion, where the defendant had relied on the presumptions in KRS § 411.310. In doing so, the Court stated, "[t]he statutory presumptions of KRS § 411.310 do no more than leave the burden of proof with [plaintiff] to prove that [the product] was defective." Id.
73
For the above-mentioned reasons, this court finds that the Kentucky Supreme Court is unlikely to conclude that a jury instruction on the presumption established in KRS § 411.310(2) is necessary. Therefore, because the instruction given by the court adequately informed the jury of the relevant considerations and provided the jury a basis in law for reaching its decision, the trial judge did not err in failing to give the instruction requested by Chrysler.
V.
74
Chrysler also argues that the trial court erred in refusing to grant its motion for judgment as a matter of law, both in regard to Mrs. Clark's claim for compensatory damages and her claim for punitive damages. The court will first address Chrysler's arguments in regard to compensatory damages.
A.
75
To support its motion for judgment as a matter of law with regard to compensatory damages, Chrysler maintains that Mrs. Clark failed to establish the cause of Mr. Clark's death. Specifically, Chrysler argues that there was insufficient evidence presented to support a jury finding that Mr. Clark's ejection from the vehicle caused his death rather than, for example, injuries he sustained inside the vehicle. Inasmuch as the court has already determined that the trial court did not err in refusing to bar testimony of Mrs. Clark's experts under Fed.R.Evid. 702 or in admitting testimony regarding other accidents, the court will consider Chrysler's arguments with respect to its motion in light of all of the evidence in the record.
76
In a diversity case, the denial of a motion for judgment as a matter of law based on sufficiency of the evidence is reviewed under the law of the state whose substantive law governs, which in this case is Kentucky. See Morales v. Honda Motor Co., 151 F.3d 500, 506 (6th Cir.1998). Under Kentucky law, a motion for judgment as a matter of law "should be granted only if there is a complete absence of proof on a material issue in the action, or if no disputed issue of fact exists upon which reasonable minds could differ." Id. (citing Washington v. Goodman, 830 S.W.2d 398, 400 (Ky.App.1992)). In the determination of such a motion, every favorable inference which may reasonably be drawn from the evidence should be accorded the party against whom the motion is made. Id.
1.
77
Kentucky has adopted § 402A of the Restatement (Second), of Torts, which imposes liability on product manufacturers upon a showing that the product is "in a defective condition unreasonably dangerous to the user or consumer." Under Kentucky law, a defect can be said to be the cause of an injury or death if it is a substantial factor in bringing about the injury or death. Deutsch v. Shein, 597 S.W.2d 141, 144 (Ky.1980). At trial, Mrs. Clark sought to establish that Mr. Clark's injuries and death were caused by a defective door latch on the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup that he was driving at the time of his death. On review of the trial record, we find that there was evidence in the record from which the jury could have concluded that the Dodge Ram's defective door latch was a substantial factor in bringing about Mr. Clark's death.
78
Specifically, Mrs. Clark offered testimony to establish that the accident did not occur at high impact and that Mr. Clark would not have been seriously injured or killed had his door latch not failed and he not been ejected from the truck. The fact that neither of Mr. Clark's nephews was ejected and that neither suffered any serious injuries supports this theory. Freddy, who was sitting in the front passenger seat at the time of the accident, testified that the accident "stoved my neck up a little bit, but it didn't hurt me that bad." JA at 238. Billy, sitting in the back seat, was seen in the emergency room, where he was given Tylenol and sent home. Likewise, Officer Barnett and the dog that was traveling in the cruiser with him were not seriously injured.
79
Officer Barnett's testimony at trial that the collision between the two vehicles was simply a "glancing blow" lent further support to Mrs. Clark's position. JA at 240B. The investigating police officer, Gary Martin, also described the collision as a "glancing blow" and noted that "it was not a direct 90 degree blow at all." JA at 244. Mr. Peterson, who provided expert testimony on accident reconstruction, testified that the blow to the truck resulted in a change in velocity of "approximately 15 miles per hour on the truck." JA at 309. He explained that this "would be like taking this truck and running it down to a concrete barrier approximately at 15 miles per hour." Id. (noting that the crash test standard for new cars was 30 miles per hour). There was also testimony at trial by the investigating police officer and others that the damage to Mr. Clark's vehicle was mostly to the body in the fender/wheel area, and not to the frame or close to the door latch.
80
Mr. Peterson also testified that the impact to the left front wheel of the pickup truck would have immediately propelled Mr. Clark toward the impact and into the left front door of the vehicle. He supported this opinion with evidence that the door was bowed from the inside out, indicating that his body made contact with the door. He further opined that Mr. Clark was ejected from the vehicle immediately upon impact, the point at which maximum force was exerted, and before the second contact between the vehicles when they "side-slapped." JA at 313.
81
Finally, there was evidence produced at trial to establish that Mr. Clark did not receive massive crash injuries to his thorax while inside the vehicle. The investigating police officer testified that upon examination of the truck after the accident, he found nothing protruding into the driver's space inside of the truck. The officer testified that there was no sign that Mr. Clark had significant contact with the steering wheel. Specifically, there was no damage in the passenger compartment space, other than to the inner door panel into which Mr. Clark was thrown.
2.
82
Chrysler does not disagree that under § 402A, the appropriate question is whether the defective latch system was a substantial factor in bringing about the injuries or death of Mr. Clark. However, citing this court's decision in O'Bryan v. Volkswagen of America, Nos. 93-5292 and 93-5314, 39 F.3d 1182, 1994 WL 599450 (6th Cir.1994), Chrysler maintains that because Mr. Clark's own actions precipitated the automobile accident, the so-called "crashworthiness" doctrine applies to this case. Under the crashworthiness doctrine, "courts deny recovery unless the plaintiff establishes by competent expert testimony that the defect was responsible to some degree for enhancement of injury to the plaintiff." Id. at *4.
83
In relying on this unpublished opinion of our court, Chrysler maintains that pursuant to Sixth Circuit Rule 26(g), the case "has precedential value in relation to a material issue in the case and that there is no opinion which would serve as well." In disputing that the crashworthiness doctrine should not be applied to this case, Mrs. Clark argues that Kentucky courts have never adopted the doctrine and notes that there are a number of cases which serve as relevant precedent for the issues before the court. Chrysler does not dispute that the O'Bryan court acknowledged that Kentucky courts have not adopted the crashworthiness doctrine. Indeed, it cites this fact in favor of why the court should look to O'Bryan as precedent for applying the doctrine under Kentucky law.
84
Where the crashworthiness doctrine applies, a plaintiff must prove, inter alia: that there is a practicable, feasible, safe, alternative design; that the design would have remedied the problem; and that in the absence of the alleged defects, the decedent would not have been injured or would have incurred less of an injury. Id. Assuming, without deciding, that the Kentucky courts would adopt the crashworthiness doctrine, this court finds that Mrs. Clark has proven causation under the doctrine as well as under other existing principles of causation under Kentucky law.
85
In O'Bryan, the plaintiff, a 16-year old boy, was seriously injured when he drove a 1997 Volkswagen Jetta off the road at an excessive rate of speed. He sued Volkswagen, maintaining that the injuries which he suffered were caused by a defective seat belt and door latch. The court in that case described the accident as follows:
86
After leaving the road, the car crossed over a ditch, struck an embankment, climbed the embankment, and struck two or three of a group of three large logs at the top of the embankment. At this point the car was upside down and moving forward. One log hit the roof of the car with such force that the roof was peeled back and upward on the driver's side. Another log came diagonally across the hood of the car from the right front corner, penetrated the upper left corner of the windshield, struck the seatbelt emergency release mechanism, and then hit the driver's side pillar. The car "pole-vaulted" on this log, stretching the door frame like a rubber band and releasing the door latch. The log was carried with the vehicle for approximately 55 feet. The log and vehicle then separated, and the rear of the car dug into the ground, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction. As the Jetta fell toward the ground, O'Bryan was ejected from the car. Moving slightly ahead of the vehicle, he came to rest on the ground and the Jetta finally landed on top of him. Estimates as to the total distance traveled by the vehicle (including yaw marks) varied from 260 feet to 282 feet.
87
Id. at *2.
88
At trial, O'Bryan's experts offered testimony that the door and seat belt in the Jetta were defective and that a motorized track above the door would have provided a practicable alternative design that would have prevented the plaintiff's injuries. However, in reversing the jury verdict in favor of O'Bryan, this court found that there was no proof that this alternate design would have prevented the harm, that is, "that the motorized attachment would not have activated when the door flew open in this accident." Id. The court stated further that:
89
given the fact that one log peeled back the roof of the car and the car continued to roll after that, it was incumbent on plaintiff to prove that he would have been injury free if restrained in his seat.
90
Id. at *2-*3 (also finding that the plaintiff's experts had not adduced proof that the seat belt would have remained intact if the Jetta had located the emergency release mechanism between the two front seats rather than near the door mounting, another alternative design proposed by plaintiff).
91
Finally, the court found that O'Bryan did not prove that a defective door latch caused his injuries. In reaching this conclusion, the court rejected the testimony of one of plaintiff's experts, who testified that plaintiff would have been unhurt if he had remained in the car, as having no basis. The court stated:
92
Given the condition of the roof after the accident and the fact that the Jetta hit the ground at the terminus of its `pole vault' in an inverted position and continued to roll, this assertion appears to have no factual basis.
93
Id. at *5 (also noting that O'Bryan had not proposed an alternative design for a more crashworthy door lock and that the information he submitted regarding the evaluation of the latch system as a whole did not include data regarding existing practices within the industry).
94
The facts of O'Bryan are critically different from the facts of this case. Here, Mrs. Clark has produced evidence that there were feasible alternative designs to the Chrysler K latch system that would have prevented Mr. Clark's injuries. Mr. Gilberg testified that several simple fixes would have prevented bypass failure and that a state-of-the-art or state-of-the-industry latch would not have allowed the door to come open. Many of the alternative latch systems proposed by Mr. Gilberg had actually been in use by vehicle manufacturers for many years prior to the time the Dodge Ram was manufactured, e.g., the "pie and cone" used by Mercedes Benz since the 1950's and which was no more costly than the K latch. Mrs. Clark's other expert, Mr. Peterson, demonstrated the difference between the unsupported sheet metal B-pillar used by Chrysler and the boxed and supported B-pillars used by Ford, General Motors, Nissan and Toyota. He testified that if the B-pillar from the Clark vehicle had a boxed B-pillar, it would not have twisted out.
95
Finally, all of the evidence must be viewed in light of the fact that Mrs. Clark's evidence in this case in regard to causation does not suffer from the deficiencies we found in O'Bryan. As explained above, there was competent evidence before the jury that Charles Clark would not have been injured had he remained in the car and that his ejection from the car was a result of a defect in the latch system.
B.
96
Chrysler also maintains that the trial court erred in not entering judgment in its favor as a matter of law in regard to the jury's award of punitive damages. In its motion before the trial court, Chrysler argued that Mrs. Clark was not entitled to any punitive damages because they were not proven and because the jury's award of such damages was excessive.2
1.
97
As to Chrysler's argument that there was insufficient evidence to support an award of punitive damages, the court reviews the trial judge's denial of Chrysler's motion for judgment as a matter of law under the same standards it reviewed the substantive claims above. Judgment "should [therefore] be granted only if there is a complete absence of proof on a material issue in the action, or if no disputed issue of fact exists upon which reasonable minds could differ." Morales, 151 F.3d at 506. The court also cannot substitute its judgment for that of the jury; rather, it must review the evidence in the light most favorable to Mrs. Clark and she must be accorded every reasonable inference from the evidence. Id. This court finds, after review of all of the evidence, that there was sufficient evidence in the record to support an award of punitive damages.
98
In this case, the parties agreed on the jury instruction that was to be given by the court. It permitted the jury to return a verdict for punitive damages if the "conduct of Chrysler Corporation in designing, manufacturing and marketing the 1992 Dodge Ram pickup truck constituted gross negligence." JA at 463. The instruction defined gross negligence as "a reckless disregard for the lives and safety of other persons, including Charles Clark." Id. Chrysler does not contend that this instruction was erroneous, and the instruction is in accord with Kentucky law. See, e.g., Horton v. Union Light and Power, 690 S.W.2d 382, 389 (Ky. 1985).3
99
Ample evidence was adduced at trial from which a reasonable jury could have concluded that Chrysler showed reckless disregard for the safety of others, including Mr. Clark. Mr. Peterson's testimony as to the inadequacies of the B-pillar and the fact that it was insufficient to withstand low impact accidents supports such a finding. So, too, does his testimony that the problems with the Dodge Ram B-pillar could easily have been addressed as there were B-pillars in pickup trucks manufactured by others at the relevant time that were boxed in/or supported at the area of the door latch striker. Further, Mr. Gilberg testified that the latch in the 1992 Dodge Ram was not state-of-the-art or state-of-the-industry and that a state-of-the-industry latch would have prevented the accident. There were several latch designs being used in the automotive industry at the relevant time which did not experience bypass failure and which cost no more than the K latch. In fact, Chrysler itself had utilized some of the other latches in its vehicles. Mr. Gilberg also testified that there were several inexpensive ways the Chrysler K latch could have been fixed to prevent bypass failure.
100
In addition, Chrysler knew that the FMVSS 206 test gave no indication of the strength of the B-pillar when subjected to twist-out force. Yet, a Chrysler representative from the Door Hardware Group testified that his group did not test for latch failures involving B-pillar twist-out. While he stated that the Structural Group did perform such tests, the Chrysler representative from the Structural Group actually testified that his group did not test for B-pillar twist-out. Moreover, a member of the Chrysler Safety Office testified that it was well-known that a B-pillar should be boxed (the Dodge Ram's B-pillar was not), as an unboxed piece of metal "is weak in almost every direction." JA at 279.
101
There was also evidence adduced at trial that Chrysler knew that if a driver was ejected, the risk of death increased multi-fold. Although Chrysler's representatives and experts emphasized at trial that the use of seat belts was the most important variable related to ejections, there was evidence to show that at the time it made the decision to utilize the K latch, Chrysler knew that seat belt usage was only 37% nationwide and was as low as 23% in states like Kentucky where there was no seat belt law. The evidence also showed that in 1988, the NHTSA sent an Advance Notice of Professional Rulemaking regarding door latch standards in an effort to formulate standards designed to decrease ejections through doors that open during accidents. All manufacturers were invited to respond. Chrysler's response showed no concern regarding these safety issues. Indeed, at trial, Chrysler's witnesses continually reiterated in response to questions seeking information on door latch design and its relationship to risk of ejection that it was not proper to correlate the door latch design to risk of ejection.
102
All of this evidence supported the jury's conclusion that Chrysler acted with reckless disregard for the safety of others, including Mr. Clark. The court therefore affirms the trial court's denial of Chrysler's motion for judgment as a matter of law on Mrs. Clark's claim for punitive damages to the extent it was based on insufficiency of the evidence.
2.
103
Chrysler also maintains that judgment as a matter of law should have been entered in its favor as to the claim for punitive damages because the jury's award was so excessive as to violate the Due Process Clause. This court does not agree.
104
It is clear that some award of punitive damages may be so excessive as to implicate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. As the U.S. Supreme Court said in BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore, 517 U.S. 559, 574, 116 S.Ct. 1589, 134 L.Ed.2d 809 (1996):
105
[e]lementary notions of fairness enshrined in our constitutional jurisprudence dictates that a person receive fair notice not only of the conduct that will subject him to punishment, but also of the severity of the penalty that a State may impose.
106
In that case, the court found that a $2,000,000 punitive damages award was grossly excessive where a jury returned a $4,000 compensatory damages award against BMW for fraud in failing to reveal to a purchaser that the automobile it bought had been repainted. In reaching the conclusion that the award violated due process, the court considered three factors: (1) the degree of reprehensibility of defendant's conduct; (2) the ratio between the plaintiff's compensatory damages award and the punitive damages award; and (3) the difference between the civil or criminal sanction that could be imposed for the misconduct. Id.
107
In none of its briefing does Chrysler indicate why, under Gore, a due process violation occurred in this case. However, a review of the above-mentioned factors quickly reveals that this case is a far cry from Gore. Here, Chrysler's conduct resulted in the loss of life, which clearly evidences a greater disregard for the rights and safety of others than failure to reveal that a car has been repainted. The disparity between the jury's compensatory damages award and its punitive damages award is also not comparable to that in Gore. Lastly, it can be said that automobile manufacturers are generally on notice that their reckless conduct resulting in death could trigger a substantial punitive damages award. In summary, we cannot say that the punitive damages award exceeds the constitutional limit. "Punitive damages may properly be imposed to further a state's legitimate interests in punishing unlawful conduct and deterring its repetition." Id. at 568, 116 S.Ct. 1589. The court cannot say that the jury's award is outside the range that is permissible to advance those interests.
VI.
108
Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons, the court affirms the judgment of the trial court.
Notes:
*
The Honorable Solomon Oliver, Jr., United States District Judge for the Northern District of Ohio, sitting by designation
1
Chrysler filed written objections to the notice, indicating that the method and fixture were developed to evaluate latch striker separation strength and that the test was not meant to be a systems test of the latch assembly and its attachments
2
Chrysler did not, in its motion for a new trial, seek a remittitur as to the punitive damages award. JA at 59
3
The dissent argues that the clear and convincing standard of proof found in K.R.S. § 411.184 applies. It is not clear that it does. That statute sought to limit punitive damages to cases involving malice, fraud or oppression and to change the plaintiff's standard of proof to clear and convincing evidence, as opposed to the traditional preponderance of the evidence standardSee M. Scott McIntyre, The Future of Kentucky's Punitive Damages Statute and Jural Rights Jurisprudence: A Call for a Separation of Powers, 88 Ky. L.J. 719, 719-20 (1999-2000) (discussing legislature's attempt to change applicable standard of proof for punitive damage claims). The Kentucky Supreme Court, in Williams v. Wilson, 972 S.W.2d 260 (Ky.1998), struck down that portion of the statute involving malice on the ground that the legislature could not, under Kentucky constitutional principles, supersede the common law right to recover on proof of gross negligence. While this court in an unpublished opinion, Anderson v. Wade, 33 Fed. Appx. 750 (6th Cir. Mar.29, 2002), indicated that other portions of the statute were not invalidated by Williams, i.e., the sections relating to fraud and oppression, there is nothing in the statute which would require a claim for punitive damages on the basis of gross negligence be proven by clear and convincing evidence. K.R.S. § 411.184 states:
A plaintiff shall recover punitive damages only upon proving, by clear and convincing evidence, that the defendant from whom such damages are sought acted toward the plaintiff with oppression, fraud or malice.
Since the malice portion of the statute is no longer applicable, the clear and convincing standard would, on the face of the statute, only apply to punitive damage claims based on fraud and oppression. Here, as the dissent acknowledges, Mrs. Clark sought punitive damages on the basis of gross negligence, and not fraud or oppression. In this circumstance, it could be argued that, barring further change in the law by the Kentucky legislature, case law predating § 411.184 and employing the preponderance of the evidence standard to claims for punitive damages based on gross negligence would be applicable.
In any event, Chrysler has waived the right to raise an issue regarding the standard of proof in this case since it did not raise below or before this court any issue challenging the standard of proof applied by the district court.
109
DAVID A. NELSON, Circuit Judge, concurring in part and dissenting in part.
110
Chrysler's initial assignment of error has two branches. In the first branch, Chrysler contends that the plaintiff, Mrs. Clark, failed to introduce evidence legally sufficient to show that the alleged defect in the design of the door latch system on her husband's Dodge Ram was a substantial factor in causing Mr. Clark's injuries and death. My colleagues on the panel do not find this contention persuasive. Neither do I.
111
In the second branch, Chrysler contends that the evidence was insufficient to support an award of punitive damages. Again my colleagues on the panel are unpersuaded. Here I must part company with them; if my understanding of the law is correct, the question of punitive damages should never have been submitted to the jury in this case.
112
"The whole issue of punitive damages is becoming an increasingly problematic one," our court observed in an en banc decision handed down less than a year before the case at bar went to trial, "... as a sort of game-show mentality leads some contemporary juries to award punitive damages in amounts that seem utterly capricious." Moreno v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 99 F.3d 782, 792 (6th Cir.1996) (en banc) (footnote omitted). "Punitive damages pose an acute danger of arbitrary deprivation of property," the Supreme Court warned in Honda Motor Co., Ltd. v. Oberg, 512 U.S. 415, 432, 114 S.Ct. 2331, 129 L.Ed.2d 336 (1994), and courts must be vigilant to see that those who engage in productive economic activity are not subjected to deprivations of property that could not only raise serious constitutional questions, but could ultimately threaten the continued vitality of our liberal economic system.
113
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is by no means unaware of these concerns. In 1988 the Commonwealth adopted tort reform legislation designed to limit the recovery of punitive damages to cases where — "by clear and convincing evidence" — the plaintiff proves "that the defendant from whom such damages are sought acted toward the plaintiff with oppression, fraud or malice." KRS 411.184(2). "[O]ppression, fraud [and] malice" are defined in terms that bar the award of punitive damages for negligence or other misconduct not actually intended to result in injury or not committed with "flagrant indifference" to the plaintiff's rights and "a subjective awareness" that injury will result:
114
"(a) `Oppression' means conduct which is specifically intended by the defendant to subject the plaintiff to cruel and unjust hardship.
115
(b) `Fraud' means an intentional misrepresentation, deceit, or concealment of material fact known to the defendant and made with the intention of causing injury to the plaintiff.
116
(c) `Malice' means either conduct which is specifically intended by the defendant to cause tangible or intangible injury to the plaintiff or conduct that is carried out by the defendant both with a flagrant indifference to the rights of the plaintiff and with a subjective awareness that such conduct will result in human death or bodily harm." KRS 411.184(1).
117
In Williams v. Wilson, 972 S.W.2d 260 (Ky.1998), the Supreme Court of Kentucky held KRS 411.184(1)(c) to be unconstitutional under Kentucky's "jural rights doctrine." The Williams court expressed no opinion as to the constitutionality of KRS 411.184(2), which requires "clear and convincing evidence" for the award of punitive damages. I presume that KRS 411.184(2) is constitutional. See Anderson v. Wade, 33 Fed.Appx. 750 (6th Cir.2002), an unpublished decision of this court where we analyzed the pertinent Kentucky cases and concluded that the Kentucky punitive damages statute remains good law "with the exception of KRS 411.184(1)(c)." Id. at 759.
118
With the demise of KRS 411.184(1)(c) and its definition of "malice," what is it that must be proved, by clear and convincing evidence, before punitive damages may be awarded in Kentucky? Absent "oppression" or "fraud," which the plaintiff does not claim to have proved here, Williams teaches that we are to fall back on the Kentucky common law rule restated thus in Horton v. Union Light, Heat & Power Co., 690 S.W.2d 382, 389-90 (Ky. 1985):
119
"In order to justify punitive damages there must be first a finding of failure to exercise reasonable care, and then an additional finding that this negligence was accompanied by `wanton or reckless disregard for the lives, safety or property of others.'" (Emphasis supplied.)
120
The record before us, as I read it, merely supports a finding of garden-variety negligence on Chrysler's part. I find in the record no "clear and convincing evidence" that Chrysler was guilty of "wanton or reckless disregard" for the lives and safety of its customers. The record shows, on the contrary, that the design of Chrysler's door latch was in full compliance with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 206, promulgated by the United States Government in an effort to assure door latch safety. "In most contexts," at least, "... compliance with a statutory standard should bar liability for punitive damages." W. Page Keeton et al., Prosser and Keeton on the Law of Torts, § 36, at 233 n. 41 (5th Ed.1984).
121
The record further shows that Chrysler equipped its truck with a seatbelt that undoubtedly would have saved Mr. Clark's life if he had only used it. Virtually any product can cause injury or death if misused, and by his failure to buckle up, Mr. Clark was failing to use his truck in the manner intended by the manufacturer. The hard truth, uncomfortable though it may be to say so, is that if anyone was reckless in this situation, it was Mr. Clark himself, not Chrysler.
122
Under the law of Kentucky and the findings of the jury in this case, Chrysler must pay more than $235,000 in compensatory damages for its failure to go beyond what was required of it by the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. As indicated above, I have no problem with this. I have a serious problem, however, with the use of Kentucky's judicial system to relieve Chrysler of an additional $3 million — more than 12 times the recoverable compensatory damages — for its supposed recklessness in failing to equip the truck with a door latch that would have spared Mr. Clark the inconvenience of buckling his seatbelt.
123
Accordingly, although I concur in most of Judge Oliver's well-written opinion, I respectfully dissent from Part V B of the opinion and from the affirmance of the $3 million punitive damage award.
|
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to signal level conversion circuits, physical quantity detection devices, and electronic apparatuses.
2. Related Art
A variety of electronic apparatuses and systems that use various types of sensors such as gyro-sensors and acceleration sensors and perform predetermined control based on detected signals provided by the sensors, such as, car-navigation devices and personal navigation devices (PND) are widely used.
Such electronic apparatuses and systems may be configured to amplify a sensor signal with a reference voltage signal in order to match the level of the sensor signal with a signal level required in a set of succeeding stages. For example, JP-A-07-046055 proposes a signal amplifier circuit having amplifiers connected in two stages and capable of independently performing an offset adjustment and a spun adjustment. Also, JP-A-07-038354 proposes a gain switching circuit having amplifiers connected in two stages and capable of amplifying an analog signal with high accuracy.
However, when a sensor signal is amplified with a reference voltage signal, noise that the reference voltage itself has would be superposed on the sensor signal, which makes it difficult to achieve a low-noise implementation. |
Q:
Excel VBA - After Data Import
I need to create an event to apply certain code after data connections (text files) have refreshed. How do i control when the data is refreshed.
A:
Turn off background refresh on your connections before you do anything else. Then use ActiveWorkbook.RefreshAll any code placed after will not execute till after the refresh, as long as background refresh is off for all connections.
ActiveWorkbook.RefreshAll
other vba code here
|
It has been known for some time that the size distributions of solar radio bursts and soft X-ray (SXR) flares have steeper power-law slopes (~1.8) than those (~1.2) of solar energetic proton (SEP) events. Hudson (1978) suggested three possibilities for this difference: (1) proton flares are fundamentally different from ordinary flares; (2) proton flares represent the large end of the total energy distribution of ordinary flares; and (3) proton flare characteristics have a threshold behavior. In some sense, each of these conjectures applies, although (1) and (3) are paramount.
Cliver et al. (2012) argued that proton flares are fundamentally different from ordinary flares (hypothesis (1)) because they are eruptive (Kahler et al. 1978). Because of their associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs), proton flares are intrinsically more energetic, satisfying hypothesis (2). Cliver et al. presented evidence for these points by constructing power-law size distributions for (relatively small) samples of large (“gradual”) >10 MeV proton events (58 events), their associated ≥M1 SXR flares (52 events), ≥M1 SXR flares associated with fast (≥1000 km s-1) CMEs (59 events), and ≥M1 soft X-ray flares (540 events). They found that the power-law slopes of distributions of SEP intensity (~1.2) and the peak SXR fluxes of SEP-associated flares (~1.3) were closer to that of the peak SXR fluxes of flares associated with fast CMEs (~1.4) than they were to that of all ≥M1 SXR flares (~2.1). Subsequently, D’Huys et al. (2016) noted that size distribution studies of solar phenomena which use graphical methods (where the power-law exponent is estimated by a linear fit on a log-transformed histogram of the data) ─ as was the case for Cliver et al. (2012) ─ require very large data samples (~103 – 104 events) to provide statistically reliable results. In lieu of such methods, D’Huys et al. advocated use of the more robust maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). Following their suggestion, we revisited the Cliver et al. analysis using the MLE approach.
Analysis and Results
Given a model (in this case, a power law with scaling factor (slope) α), the MLE method obtains an estimate for α by maximizing the likelihood of the data, which is the probability that the data were drawn from that model. The results of applying the MLE to subsamples taken from 136 ~25 MeV SEP events, 113 ≥M1 SEP-associated flares, 159 ≥M1 SXR flares associated with ≥1000 km s-1 CMEs, and 716 ≥M1 SXR flares, are shown in Figure 1. In the figure we see that the pattern for α is similar to that found by Cliver et al. (2012), with the α-values for the peak SXR fluxes of ≥M1 flares associated with SEP events (~1.5; panel (b)) and fast CMEs (~1.6; panel (c)) being closer to that for SEP event intensity (~1.3; panel (a)) than to the α-value for the peak SXR fluxes of all ≥M1 SXR flares (~2.1; panel (d)). As shown by D’Huys et al. (2016), a sample size of at least ~100 events is required to obtain a reliable result with the MLE method, and this minimum value increases as the slope of the distribution increases. These results for SEP-events, SXR flares, and SEP-associated SXR flares are similar to those obtained graphically by Belov et al. (2007) for a larger data sample.
Figure 1. MLE-scaling parameter estimates as a function of sample size for (a) ~25 MeV SEP events, (b) and (c) SXR flares associated with SEP events and ≥1000 km s-1 CMEs, respectively, and (d) ≥M1 SXR flares.
Figure 2 shows that the large SEP events considered here are associated with CMEs with speeds ≳ 400 km s-1, corresponding to the nominal Alfvén speed in the low corona. Thus large SEP events are characteristically accompanied by shockwaves manifested by type II radio bursts in the metric and/or decametric-hectometric (nominally 14 ─ 1 MHz for the Waves experiment on the Wind spacecraft) wavelength range.
Figure 2 Histogram of speeds of CME associated with large ~25 MeV SEP events.
Discussion
Figure 2 shows that Hudson’s (1978) third possible explanation ─ a threshold effect ─ for the difference between the α-values of size distributions of flare electromagnetic emissions and SEP events is also at play. CMEs with speeds > ~400 km s-1 are required to drive the shocks that accelerate protons in large gradual SEP events. Smaller (“impulsive”) SEP events are also commonly associated with CMEs, many with speeds in excess of ~400 km s-1, but for such events the ejected mass is moving along field lines in an X-ray jet magnetic topology (Shimojo & Shibata 2000), whereas movement of magnetoplasma perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field (as in standard loop-like CMEs) is required for shock formation (Vršnak & Cliver 2008).
The key inference or application of the power-law size distributions of flare electromagnetic emissions is the avalanche model of Lu and Hamilton (1991). In that model, based on the self-organized criticality concept, solar flares are viewed as avalanches of small-scale reconnection events. The smaller value of α for SEP size distributions argues for a different physical mechanism for acceleration of the protons that escape into space, one based on fast CMEs and coronal/interplanetary shock waves.
Based on the recent paper: Cliver, E.W., & D’Huys, E.: ApJ, 846, 48, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad043
References
Belov, A., Kurt, V., Mavromichalaki, H., & Gerontidou, M.: 2007, Sol. Phys., 246, 457, doi: 10.1007/s11207-007-9071-x
Cliver, E.W., Ling, A.G., Belov, A., & Yashiro, S.: 2012, ApJ, 756, article id. L29, doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/756/2/L29
D’Huys, E., Berghmans, D., Seaton, D.B., & Poedts, S.: 2016, Sol. Phys., 291, 1561, doi:10.1007/s11207-016-0910-5
Kahler, S.W., Hildner, E., & Van Hollebeke, M.A.I.: 1978, Sol. Phys., 57, 429, doi: 10.1007/BF00160116
Lu, E.T., & Hamilton, R.J.: 1991, ApJ, 380, L89, doi: 10.1086/186180
Shimojo, M., & Shibata, K.: 2000, ApJ, 542, 1100, doi: 10.1086/317024
Vršnak, B., & Cliver, E.W.: 2008, Sol. Phys., 253, 215, doi: 10.1007/s11207-008-9241-5 |
---
title: Alias statement - Azure Data Explorer
description: This article describes Alias statement in Azure Data Explorer.
services: data-explorer
author: orspod
ms.author: orspodek
ms.reviewer: rkarlin
ms.service: data-explorer
ms.topic: reference
ms.date: 02/13/2020
zone_pivot_group_filename: data-explorer/zone-pivot-groups.json
zone_pivot_groups: kql-flavors
---
# Alias statement
::: zone pivot="azuredataexplorer"
Alias statements allow you to define an alias for databases, which can be used later in the same query.
This is useful when you're working with several clusters but want to appear as if you're working on fewer clusters.
The alias must be defined according to the following syntax, where *clustername* and *databasename* are existing and valid entities.
## Syntax
`alias` database[*'DatabaseAliasName'*] `=` cluster("https://*clustername*.kusto.windows.net:443").database("*databasename*")
`alias` database *DatabaseAliasName* `=` cluster("https://*clustername*.kusto.windows.net:443").database("*databasename*")
* *'DatabaseAliasName'* can be either an existing name or a new name.
* The mapped cluster-uri and the mapped database-name must appear inside double-quotes(") or single-quotes(')
## Examples
```kusto
alias database["wiki"] = cluster("https://somecluster.kusto.windows.net:443").database("somedatabase");
database("wiki").PageViews | count
```
```kusto
alias database Logs = cluster("https://othercluster.kusto.windows.net:443").database("otherdatabase");
database("Logs").Traces | count
```
::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="azuremonitor"
This capability isn't supported in Azure Monitor
::: zone-end
|
Q:
AutoHotKey script replace backslashes with forward slashes
I run a Linux emulator (or subsystem) under Windows 10, and sometimes I need to past Windows paths in the Linux console. Windows paths use backslashes \ to separate directories whereas Linux paths use forward slashes / instead.
To avoid having to replace the \ with / manually, I have tried using an AHK script to do the replacement on any path that I copy, but it doesn't want to work.
This is my script (I have marked in the code ##works until here## the furthest point until where it seems to be working):
^+7:: ; Ctrl+Shift+7 (/)
;Empty the Clipboard.
Clipboard =
;Copy the select text to the Clipboard.
SendInput, ^c
;Wait for the Clipboard to fill.
ClipWait
;Perform the RegEx find and replace operation,
;where the needle is what we want to replace.
haystack := Clipboard
needle := "\"
replacement := "/"
result := RegExReplace(haystack, needle, replacement)
;Empty the Clipboard
Clipboard =
;Copy the result to the Clipboard.
Clipboard := result
;##works until here##
;Wait for the Clipboard to fill.
ClipWait
;-- Optional: --
;Send (paste) the contents of the new Clipboard.
SendInput, %Clipboard%
;Done!
return
Thanks in advance for any tips.
A:
It seems the backslash needs to be escaped to be recognized by RegExReplace, like this:
needle := "\\"
|
A study into the rate of incorporation of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair.
The incorporation of eight benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam, flurazepam, medazepam, oxazepam and triazolam) into rat hair was investigated by HPLC and GC-MS. Each of the benzodiazepines was injected daily into three Dark Agouti (DA) rats for 10 days at 10mg/kg. The back hair of the rats was removed by shaving prior to the first injection and again on the 28th day after the initial administration. To investigate optimum extraction conditions, 10mg aliquots of rat hair incorporated with diazepam, flurazepam or medazepam were extracted by seven different methods (Proteinase K, methanol-ammonia, methanol-trifluoroacetic acid, Soerensens buffer, 1M NaOH, beta-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase, Biopurase). The method found to yield the highest recoveries, for all three drugs, was the acidic methanol extraction. Using this extraction procedure, the incorporation rates (ICR: the ratio of the hair concentration to the plasma AUC) of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair were investigated. The ICRs ranged from 0.002 (flunitrazepam) to 0.049 (flurazepam). The major metabolites of flurazepam were investigated in rat hair. The mean hair concentrations of desalkylflurazepam and 2-hydroxyethylflurazepam were 3.31 and 0.05 ng/mg, respectively, which are 24 and 0.36% of the parent compound in hair. |
Q:
Crash: NSInternalInconsistencyException - Invalid rowCache row is nil
I'm having an issue with CoreData concurrency on iOS 8.1.
I'm getting the following stack trace for the crash:
NSInternalInconsistencyException - Invalid rowCache row is nil
0 CoreFoundation 0x0000000183b6659c __exceptionPreprocess + 132
1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x00000001942640e4 objc_exception_throw + 56
2 CoreData 0x000000018385b8b8 -[NSSQLCore _newRowCacheRowForToManyUpdatesForRelationship:rowCacheOriginal:originalSnapshot:value:added:deleted:sourceRowPK:properties:sourceObject:newIndexes:reorderedIndexes:] + 6668
3 CoreData 0x00000001838fbea0 -[NSSQLCore recordToManyChangesForObject:inRow:usingTimestamp:inserted:] + 2604
4 CoreData 0x0000000183857638 -[NSSQLCore prepareForSave:] + 1052
5 CoreData 0x00000001838569b4 -[NSSQLCore saveChanges:] + 520
6 CoreData 0x000000018381f078 -[NSSQLCore executeRequest:withContext:error:] + 716
7 CoreData 0x00000001838e6254 __65-[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator executeRequest:withContext:error:]_block_invoke + 4048
8 CoreData 0x00000001838ed654 gutsOfBlockToNSPersistentStoreCoordinatorPerform + 176
9 libdispatch.dylib 0x00000001948a936c _dispatch_client_callout + 12
10 libdispatch.dylib 0x00000001948b26e8 _dispatch_barrier_sync_f_invoke + 72
11 CoreData 0x00000001838e0cb4 _perform + 176
12 CoreData 0x000000018381ec34 -[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator executeRequest:withContext:error:] + 296
13 CoreData 0x0000000183845400 -[NSManagedObjectContext save:] + 1280
This crash happens in several places (about 20), but is most prominent in my data import function which imports 1000s of records and saves every 100.
A few notes about my CoreData setup:
I'm using the "Stack #3" from this blog post
All of my managed object updating/saving code is done on a performBlock:
The crashes are all on the background context
The code where all of these saves are occurring has the following basic pattern:
[backgroundContext performBlock:^{
...
NSArray *result = [backgroundContext fetch...];
...
if ([backgroundContext save:&error]) { // <-- App is crashing here
}
}];
As far as I understand, there shouldn't be any concurrency issues with the NSPersistentStore behind the backgroundContext but that's what the crash is telling me.
In addition, this only occurs for less than 0.02% of my user base. It's pretty rare (I'm unable to reproduce) but users are not able to recover from this without deleting and reinstalling the app. It will consistently open and crash for them.
Note, this is only for 64-bit iOS 8.1.X - iOS 7.X and 8.0.X do not exhibit this behavior and I don't see it on anything older than an iPhone 5s.
Clarification: deleting the persistent store fixes this issue for all users. This would seem to indicate it is not a concurrency issue.
Creation of Store & Contexts.
[_persistenStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType
configuration:nil
URL:[DatabaseManager storeURL]
options:@{NSMigratePersistentStoresAutomaticallyOption:@YES,
NSInferMappingModelAutomaticallyOption:@YES}
error:&error];
Creating Contexts
_backgroundContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSPrivateQueueConcurrencyType];
[_backgroundContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyObjectTrumpMergePolicy];
[_backgroundContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:_persistenStoreCoordinator];
if ([_backgroundContext respondsToSelector:@selector(setName:)]) {
[_backgroundContext setName:@"DatabaseManager.BackgroundQueue"];
}
_mainContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSMainQueueConcurrencyType];
[_mainContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyObjectTrumpMergePolicy];
[_mainContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:_persistenStoreCoordinator];
if ([_mainContext respondsToSelector:@selector(setName:)]) {
[_mainContext setName:@"DatabaseManager.MainQueue"];
}
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(mainContextDidSave:)
name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification
object:_mainContext];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(backgroundContextDidSave:)
name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification
object:_backgroundContext];
Listening for changes
- (void) mainContextDidSave:(NSNotification *)notification
{
[_backgroundContext performBlock:^{
[self->_backgroundContext mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:notification];
}];
}
- (void) backgroundContextDidSave:(NSNotification*)notification
{
[_mainContext performBlock:^{
NSArray* updated = [notification.userInfo valueForKey:NSUpdatedObjectsKey];
// Fault all objects that will be updated.
for (NSManagedObject* obj in updated) {
NSManagedObject* mainThreadObject = [self->_mainContext objectWithID:obj.objectID];
[mainThreadObject willAccessValueForKey:nil];
}
[self->_mainContext mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:notification];
}];
}
How code is executed on each of the contexts. I pass a block into here:
- (void)executeBackgroundOperation:(void (^)(NSManagedObjectContext *))operation {
NSAssert(operation, @"No Background operation to perform");
[_backgroundContext performBlock:^{
operation(self->_backgroundContext);
}];
}
- (void)executeMainThreadOperation:(void (^)(NSManagedObjectContext *))operation {
NSAssert(operation, @"No Main Thread operation to perform");
[_mainContext performBlock:^{
operation(self->_mainContext);
}];
}
The only other threads in the crash report that have a lock in them are two Javascript threads that look like this:
0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x3a77cb38 __psynch_cvwait + 24
1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x3a7fa2dd pthread_cond_wait + 38
2 libc++.1.dylib 0x39a11e91 _ZNSt3__118condition_variable4waitERNS_11unique_lockINS_5mutexEEE + 34
3 JavaScriptCore 0x2dcd4cb5 _ZN3JSC8GCThread16waitForNextPhaseEv + 102
4 JavaScriptCore 0x2dcd4d19 _ZN3JSC8GCThread12gcThreadMainEv + 50
5 JavaScriptCore 0x2db09597 _ZN3WTFL19wtfThreadEntryPointEPv + 12
6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x3a7f9e93 _pthread_body + 136
7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x3a7f9e07 _pthread_start + 116
8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x3a7f7b90 thread_start + 6
A:
You are correct in thinking this may not be a concurrency issue. Deleting and installing the app isually fixes core data errors when the migration hasn't been done properly.
If you released the app, changed the core data model, then released an update (without migration), this may be the source of your crash.
Follow this tutorial and see if it fixes your issue. http://www.raywenderlich.com/27657/how-to-perform-a-lightweight-core-data-migration
|
Q:
symfony form collection : how to figure out if allow_delete is set o true
I have built a javascript macro and a form theme to render form collections on my website with symfony2.
{{ if prototype is defined }}, I add a 'Add button'.
So far I also have a delete button.
I would like to remove this delete button if 'allow_delete' is not set to true but I can't figure out how to find this in twig.
When I look at my field.vars, there is no allow_delete option. field.vars.attr does not either. How can I do this?
A:
The allow_delete option is a children of you form field.
{% for widget in form.YOURFIELD.children %}
{% if widget.get('allow_delete') %}
//Do your stuff
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
|
Huntsville makes top ten in ‘Tech Town’ study
Huntsville is among the nation’s top 10 destinations for tech jobs, according to a new survey.
CompTIA, an information technology association and provider of IT certifications, places Huntsville 10th among the nation’s “Tech Towns.”
This is based on data on tech job openings, median salaries and cost of living.
The ranking was based on job posting data from Aug. 2017 to July of this year among metropolitan areas greater than 250,000, where demand for tech jobs is the greatest. The cities' rankings were also based according to cost of living, the number of open IT positions and projected job growth over the next year, and the next five years.
Huntsville was one of several Southern cities making the list, including Charlotte and Raleigh, N.C., Austin and Dallas, Texas, and Atlanta. Some of those high rankings were due to cost of living. San Jose and San Francisco, Calif., part of Silicon Valley, checked in at Nos. 4 and 5, due to high housing costs.
According to CompTIA, 10,920 tech jobs were posted in Huntsville over a 12-month period, with the median salary for IT pros at $91,998. In addition, the number of IT jobs in Huntsville is expected to grow 4 percent over the next five years, while the cost of living there is 3.3 percent lower than the national average.
In fact, cost of living was the reason Huntsville placed so high, with the study promising techies “more bang for your buck.”
“Today, the area is home to the third most technical workforce in the country, with nearly 17 percent of the workforce in a STEM job, according to an analysis,” the study said. “But don’t let the affordability of this Alabama city fool you. In response to the growing tech sector, Huntsville’s city center has undergone a renaissance in recent years, and new construction downtown means more shopping, dining, entertainment and housing options.”
Among those firms said to be hiring are SAIC, Jacobs Engineering, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, Colsa, Raytheon, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics and PeopleTec. |
Disabled people could lose benefits
The charity Scope has warned that many disabled people risk losing payments under planned benefits changes.
It is concerned the proposed test of claimants’ need is flawed because it focuses more on the disability but ignores relevant factors like housing and transport.
The government says the new system will benefit those in greatest need and cut annual overpayments of £660m, but fears many people may be left with little or no financial support.
Under the Welfare Reform Bill the disability living allowance, currently paid to more than three million disabled people, will be replaced by the personal independence payment and incorporate a new medical assessment that will be carried out on around two million disabled people of working age.
However, Scope is concerned it does not consider factors such as unsuitable housing and inaccessible public transport that lead to extra costs for disabled people but are not “related to the direct effect of an individual’s condition and impairment.”
Scope chief executive Richard Hawkes said the charity recognised that disability living allowance needed reforming but added: “Without understanding the extent of barriers people face, the government has no hope to overcome them and genuinely enable people to take part in daily life.”
Minister for disabled people Maria Miller said: “At the moment disability living allowance doesn't have an in-built reassessment as part of it and we have £600m a year going out in overpayments as a result.
“I want to see that change so that the money is really getting to disabled people who need the help the most.” |
Note: 14 new states were added to the residential propane price survey in 2014. This should be taken into consideration when comparing the average prices for last year (2013-2014 season) for the U.S., PADD 1, PADD 1C, and PADD 2 averages.
Note: Stocks in millions of barrels. Production and Demand in millions of barrels per day.
*Demand = Product Supplied; approximately represents consumption of petroleum products because it measures the disappearance of these products from primary sources.
Note: Stocks in millions of barrels. Production and Demand in millions of barrels per day.
*Demand = Product Supplied; approximately represents consumption of petroleum products because it measures the disappearance of these products from primary sources.
Release Schedule: The data are published weekly and are updated every Wednesday after 1:00 p.m. (Eastern time). For weeks that include Monday holidays, publication is delayed by one day. |
242 S.E.2d 806 (1978)
STATE of North Carolina
v.
Lamont TINDALL.
No. 32.
Supreme Court of North Carolina.
April 17, 1978.
*809 Rufus L. Edmisten, Atty. Gen., by Jane Rankin Thompson, Associate Atty., Raleigh, for the State.
E. Hilton Newman, Wilmington, for defendant-appellant.
HUSKINS, Justice:
On 24 June 1977 defendant moved to dismiss the murder charge against him on the ground that he had been denied a speedy trial in violation of his Sixth Amendment constitutional rights. Following a hearing before Rouse, J., at which defendant and the State offered evidence, the motion was denied. This constitutes defendant's first assignment of error.
Every person formally accused of crime is guaranteed a speedy and impartial trial by Article I, section 18 of the Constitution of this State and the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments of the Federal Constitution. Klopfer v. North Carolina, 386 U.S. 213, 87 S.Ct. 988, 18 L.Ed.2d 1 (1967); State v. Patton, 260 N.C. 359, 132 S.E.2d 891 (1963). Prisoners confined for unrelated crimes are entitled to the benefits of this constitutional guaranty. Smith v. Hooey, 393 U.S. 374, 89 S.Ct. 575, 21 L.Ed.2d 607 (1969); State v. Hollars, 266 N.C. 45, 145 S.E.2d 309 (1965). See also Moore v. Arizona, 414 U.S. 25, 94 S.Ct. 188, 38 L.Ed.2d 183 (1973). No simple test has been developed for determining whether a criminal defendant has been denied a speedy trial. Accordingly, unless some fixed time limit is prescribed by statute (see e. g., G.S. 15-10.2; G.S. 15A-761, Arts. III(a) and V(c)), speedy trial questions must be resolved on a case-by-case basis. While all relevant circumstances must be considered, four interrelated factors are of primary significance: (1) the length of delay, (2) the reason for the delay, (3) the extent to which defendant has asserted his right and (4) the extent to which defendant has been prejudiced. Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 92 S.Ct. 2182, 33 L.Ed.2d 101 (1972); State v. Wright, 290 N.C. 45, 224 S.E.2d 624 (1976); State v. Johnson, 275 N.C. 264, 167 S.E.2d 274 (1969).
In the present case the following chronology is relevant to the question of speedy trial.
1. Around 4 p. m. on 11 July 1973 Donnie Dent was shot and killed on 8th Street near Dawson in the City of Wilmington, North Carolina. Numerous eyewitnesses testified that defendant was the murderer.
2. On 12 July 1973 a warrant was obtained by Officer McLaurin charging defendant with the first degree murder of Donnie Dent. The murder warrant was not served upon defendant because he had fled the State and could not be found.
3. In October 1975 Detective W. C. Brown of the Wilmington Police Department, having received information from the FBI that defendant was in federal custody on drug charges, went to Philadelphia and identified defendant who was using the alias "Lamont Boney" at that time. Officer Brown informed defendant of the murder charge, and a detainer was duly filed against him.
4. On 12 July 1976 Vernell DeVane, an employee in the Office of Clerk Superior Court, New Hanover County, signed a receipt for an article of certified mail (certified No. 593029) but never opened the package and had no knowledge of its contents. She delivered it to Mrs. Romblad, the mail clerk. The record does not disclose what Mrs. Romblad did with it. At the hearing on defendant's motion to dismiss, defendant produced a document (Defendant's Exhibit 1) entitled "Motion to Quash and Dismiss Detainer Warrant No. 26104" and testified that three copies thereof were sent by certified mail to the Office of Clerk Superior Court, New Hanover County, Wilmington, North Carolina. He further stated: "I did not send any notation with the three copies specifying who the three copies were to go to." These documents have never been located, and there is nothing of record to show that a copy ever came to the attention of the District Attorney's Office or the Police Department of the City of Wilmington.
5. On 31 March 1977, pursuant to the Interstate Agreement on Detainers, as the same appears in G.S. 15A-761, defendant requested a final disposition of the murder *810 charge by causing to be delivered to the prosecuting officer of the Fifth Solicitorial District and to the New Hanover Superior Court a written notice of his place of imprisonment and a request for a final disposition of the murder charge pending against him, accompanied by a certificate of the federal warden who had defendant in custody. The notice, request and certificate fully complied with the requirements of G.S. 15-761, Art. III.
6. On 23 May 1977 a true bill of indictment charging defendant with the first degree murder of Donnie Dent was returned by the Grand Jury of New Hanover County.
7. On 24 June 1977, pursuant to G.S. 15A-954(3), defendant filed written motion to dismiss the charges against him on the ground that he had been denied a speedy trial. This motion was heard and denied on 27 June 1977.
8. The case was initially calendared for trial on 12 July 1977 but continued on defendant's motion until 25 July 1977, without objection by the State, to enable defendant to secure the attendance of out-of-state witnesses.
Under these facts we hold defendant has not been deprived of his right to a speedy trial. Our holding is grounded on the following considerations:
First, much of the delay was caused by defendant, who fled the State of North Carolina and lived under an assumed name in New York and Pennsylvania until apprehended for violation of federal narcotics laws. A criminal defendant who has caused or acquiesced in a delay will not be permitted to use it as a vehicle in which to escape justice. Barker v. Wingo, supra, 407 U.S. at 529, 92 S.Ct. at 2191, 33 L.Ed.2d at 116; State v. Johnson, 275 N.C. 264, 167 S.E.2d 274 (1969). Even the delay which occurred after defendant was taken into federal custody is, in slight part, chargeable to him, for it was his action in fleeing to New York and Pennsylvania and committing violations of federal law which complicated and obstructed the process of bringing him to trial in North Carolina. While the State must share responsibility for this delay, there is absolutely no evidence suggesting that the State acted purposefully or wilfully. Compare State v. McKoy, 294 N.C. 134, 240 S.E.2d 383 (1978).
Second, defendant made no demand for a final disposition of the murder charge against him until 31 March 1977. The "Motion to Quash and Dismiss Detainer Warrant" which defendant apparently sent to the New Hanover County Clerk of Court in July 1976, made no request for a prompt trial on the murder charge. Further, this motion was not addressed or directed to the district attorney, and there is no evidence suggesting it ever came to his attention or to the attention of his staff. When, in March of 1977, defendant did request a final disposition of the charges against him, the district attorney moved promptly to secure an indictment and defendant was brought to trial within four months. The minimal delay which occurred after defendant's request is entirely lawful for "[t]he constitutional guarantee does not outlaw good-faith delays which are reasonably necessary for the State to prepare and present its case." State v. Johnson, 275 N.C. 264, 273, 167 S.E.2d 274, 280 (1969).
In State v. McKoy, 294 N.C. 134, 240 S.E.2d 383 (1978), defendant McKoy's murder conviction was vacated and the charge dismissed for lack of a speedy trial when during a ten-month period defendant made eight or nine requests for a trial of the charges against him and these requests were ignored. The present case stands in strong contrast to McKoy. While the United States Supreme Court has not held that a defendant's failure to demand a speedy trial results in a waiver of his Sixth Amendment rights, that Court has stressed defendant's responsibility to assert his right to a prompt trial. "We emphasize that failure to assert the right will make it difficult for a defendant to prove that he was denied a speedy trial." Barker v. Wingo, supra, 407 U.S. at 532, 92 S.Ct. at 2193, 33 L.Ed.2d at 117-18.
Third, the evidence suggests that defendant suffered no significant prejudice as a result of the delay. He did testify that one *811 prospective alibi witness "died in the last of 1974 or 1975," but, as previously noted, defendant is solely responsible for the delay which occurred prior to October 1975, and at that time his witness was already dead. Until that date defendant was avoiding trial. His whereabouts were unknown to North Carolina authorities, he having fled this jurisdiction and assumed a new name.
We are not unmindful of the possibility that defendant may have suffered other kinds of prejudice as a result of the delay. See Moore v. Arizona, 414 U.S. 25, 94 S.Ct. 188, 38 L.Ed.2d 183 (1973); State v. Wright, 290 N.C. 45, 224 S.E.2d 624 (1976). However, his failure to insist upon a prompt trial of the murder charge against him is strong circumstantial evidence that no great prejudice resulted.
"Whether and how a defendant asserts his right [to a speedy trial] is closely related to the other factors we have mentioned. The strength of his efforts will be affected by the length of the delay, to some extent by the reason for the delay, and most particularly by the personal prejudice, which is not always readily identifiable, that he experiences. The more serious the deprivation, the more likely a defendant is to complain. The defendant's assertion of his speedy trial right, then, is entitled to strong evidentiary weight in determining whether the defendant is being deprived of the right." Barker v. Wingo, supra, 407 U.S. at 531-32, 92 S.Ct. at 2192-93, 33 L.Ed.2d at 117.
None of the foregoing considerations is conclusive. Speedy trial claims must be decided on a case-by-case basis and all relevant factors taken into account. After considering all facts of the present case, we hold defendant has not been deprived of his constitutional right to a speedy trial. Compare, e. g., Dickey v. Florida, 398 U.S. 30, 90 S.Ct. 1564, 26 L.Ed.2d 26 (1970); State v. McKoy, 294 N.C. 134, 240 S.E.2d 383 (1978); State v. Johnson, 275 N.C. 264, 167 S.E.2d 274 (1969). Accordingly, his first assignment of error is overruled.
On 13 July 1977 defendant filed three verified motions for material witness orders authorized by G.S. 15A-803 in order to secure the attendance at trial of three New York City residents. Two of these motions alleged that the persons named therein could testify "that the Defendant was in the State of New York during the month of July, 1973." The third motion made an identical allegation and further alleged that Moses Isler, the person named therein, could testify "that the defendant did not travel to the State of North Carolina during that month." Each of these motions was signed and sworn to by defendant. Each motion asked that the court treat the allegations set forth therein as an affidavit, and requested that the prospective witness named therein be taken into custody and held or released on bail.
By order entered on 18 July 1977, Judge Rouse denied defendant's motions for the material witness orders. Although defense counsel had caused subpoenas to be issued for each of the three witnesses (New York City Police were able to effect service only of the subpoena for Moses Isler), none of the three appeared at defendant's trial. However, defendant was permitted to read to the jury the affidavit of Moses Isler which appears in the preliminary statement of facts. Defendant contends the court should have compelled the attendance of his three prospective witnesses by granting his motions for G.S. 15A-803 material witness orders. Denial of these motions constitutes his second assignment of error.
G.S. 15A-803(a) provides that a judge "may" issue a material witness order when there are reasonable grounds to believe (1) that the prospective witness possesses information "material to the determination of the proceeding" and (2) that the prospective witness "may not be amenable or responsive to a subpoena at a time when his attendance will be sought." The use of the term "may" suggests that the granting or denial of a motion for a material witness order is a matter committed largely to the discretion of the judge. See generally 82 C.J.S. Statutes § 380a (1953). See also Preston v. Blackledge, 332 F.Supp. 681 (E.D.N. C.1971). Such discretion must, however, be *812 exercised in a manner not inconsistent with the Sixth Amendment's guaranty that a criminal defendant be afforded "compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor." This guaranty applies to criminal proceedings in this State by reason of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Washington v. Texas, 388 U.S. 14, 87 S.Ct. 1920, 18 L.Ed.2d 1019 (1967); State v. Wells, 290 N.C. 485, 226 S.E.2d 325 (1976).
Consideration of G.S. 15A-803 leads us to conclude that Judge Rouse correctly denied defendant's motion and that such denial deprived defendant of no constitutional right. There are well recognized limitations on the authority of a state court to compel the attendance of witnesses who are not residents of the state, not present therein and who lack any contact therewith. Such limitations have been recognized by this Court, State v. Means, 175 N.C. 820, 95 S.E. 912 (1918), Stern & Co. v. Herren, 101 N.C. 516, 8 S.E. 221 (1888), and by the Supreme Court of the United States. Minder v. Georgia, 183 U.S. 559, 22 S.Ct. 224, 46 L.Ed. 328 (1902). The courts of other states have likewise noted that they lack such power and have suggested that any attempted exercise thereof would be precluded by the Federal Constitution. E. g., State v. Blount, 200 Or. 35, 264 P.2d 419, 44 A.L.R.2d 711 (1953); State v. Breidenbach, 246 Wis. 513, 17 N.W.2d 554 (1945). That such limitations are of constitutional stature may be inferred from the Supreme Court's opinions in Minder v. Georgia, supra, and Galpin v. Page, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 350, 21 L.Ed. 959 (1874).
In light of these well recognized limitations, we think the General Assembly, in enacting G.S. 15A-803, did not seek to confer upon judges of this State the novel and seemingly unconstitutional authority to issue material witness orders to compel the attendance of New York residents who have no contact with this jurisdiction. Accordingly, Judge Rouse acted properly in denying defendant's motions for G.S. 15A-803 material witness orders. Furthermore, this denial did not infringe upon defendant's Sixth Amendment right to compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. A state court need not engage in the futile issuance of ineffectual process in order to satisfy the requirements of the Fourteenth Amendment. Minder v. Georgia, supra; People v. Cavanaugh, 69 Cal.2d 262, 70 Cal. Rptr. 438, 444 P.2d 110 (1968); State v. Smith, 87 N.J.Super. 98, 208 A.2d 171 (1965). Cf. United States v. Wolfson, 322 F.Supp. 798, 819 (D.Del.1971), and cases there cited.
Our Legislature has provided a means whereby nonresident witnesses may be compelled to attend and testify at criminal proceedings in this State. The Uniform Act to Secure Attendance of Witnesses from without a State in Criminal Proceedings, G.S. 15A-811 to -816, has been enacted in fifty-three jurisdictions. 11 Uniform Laws Annotated 7 (1978 Supp.). This Act provides that, upon presentation of a certificate executed by a court in which the nonresident witness's testimony is desired, an order may be issued by a court of the jurisdiction in which the witness is found, requiring the witness to attend a criminal proceeding in the former state and give testimony. The Act is constitutional, New York v. O'Neill, 359 U.S. 1, 79 S.Ct. 564, 3 L.Ed.2d 585 (1959), and its provisions are available to the defense as well as the prosecution. See State v. Tolley, 290 N.C. 349, 226 S.E.2d 353 (1976). Had defendant attempted to invoke the procedures of the Uniform Act, quite different questions would be presented to this Courtwe would then have to determine whether defendant had made an adequate showing that the testimony of the prospective witnesses was material (see State v. Tolley, supra; Glynn v. Donnelly, 360 F.Supp. 214 (D.Mass.1973)) and had adequately designated the location at which they could be found (see Lancaster v. Green, 175 Ohio St. 203, 192 N.E.2d 776 (1963)). Significant Sixth Amendment questions might also be raised. See Preston v. Blackledge, 332 F.Supp. 681 (E.D.N.C.1971). Compare People v. Cavanaugh, 69 Cal.2d 262, 70 Cal. Rptr. 438, 444 P.2d 110 (1968). However, since defendant requested a material witness *813 order under G.S. 15A-803, and since Judge Rouse properly denied this request, no such questions need be decided. The court was under no duty to search our statutes and suggested to defense counsel that G.S. 15A-813 might provide a procedure for obtaining the result which he sought, but could not obtain, under G.S. 15A-803. "[An accused] may not place the burden on the officers of the law and the court to see that he procures the attendance of witnesses and makes preparation for his defense." State v. Graves, 251 N.C. 550, 558, 112 S.E.2d 85, 92 (1960). Accord, State v. Wells, 290 N.C. 485, 226 S.E.2d 325 (1976).
For the reasons given, we hold that Judge Rouse's denial of defendant's motions for material witness orders was correct. Defendant's second assignment of error is overruled.
On 26 July 1977, after defendant's case was called for trial and a jury had been selected and empaneled, defendant made an oral motion for a continuance. This motion was based on defendant's fear that his alibi witnesses from New York might not be able to attend and testify at his trial. He stated, however, that he did expect these witnesses to attend. Court was recessed at 4 p. m. in order to give the witnesses time to arrive. When the witnesses did not appear in court the following day, defendant's motion for a continuance, which the court had taken under advisement, was denied. Denial of this motion constitutes defendant's third assignment of error.
G.S. 15A-952(b) and (c) provide that motions for continuance must be made at or before the time of the defendant's arraignment unless arraignment is to be held at the session of court for which the trial is calendared, in which event the motion must be filed by 5 p. m. on the Wednesday prior to the session of court when trial is to begin. The Official Commentary to G.S. 15A-952 makes the following observation, which we think is deserving of emphasis:
"Subsections (b) and (c) require the advance filing of certain listed motions. The presence of a motion for a continuance at the head of [this] list is noteworthy. One of the most common complaints of citizen witnesses is that they are commanded to take time from their own affairs to attend courtand often sit around for several hours, or even days, before being dismissed and told they must come back yet another time because the case is continued."
G.S. 15A-952(e) provides that motions not made within the permitted time are waived. While the record in this case does not indicate the date on which defendant was arraigned, the motion for continuance was required to be filed prior to commencement of the 25 July 1977 Session of New Hanover Superior Court. G.S. 15A-952(c). Defendant's motion for a continuance not having been made in apt timely, it is deemed waived, and his third assignment of error is overruled.
While our decision is based on G.S. 15A-952, we note in passing that defendant's case had already been continued once, there was no indication defendant's alibi witnesses would be able to appear and testify at any future trial date, and defendant had not sought to obtain their attendance by means of G.S. 15A-813. Moreover, Moses Isler's deposition was read to the jury, and there is no evidence in the record that defendant's other alibi witnesses could testify concerning his whereabouts on 11 July 1973. Under such circumstances denial of his motion for continuance was not prejudicial error, even if G.S. 15A-952 were inapplicable to the present case. See, e. g., State v. Tolley, 290 N.C. 349, 226 S.E.2d 353 (1976); State v. Brower, 289 N.C. 644, 224 S.E.2d 551 (1976); State v. Stepney, 280 N.C. 306, 185 S.E.2d 844 (1972).
By his fourth assignment of error defendant contends the trial court erred in denying his motion in arrest of judgment. This is a formal entry which incorporates by reference defendant's contention that he was denied a speedy trial. No error of law appears on the face of the record, and this assignment is overruled. State v. McKenna, 289 N.C. 668, 224 S.E.2d 537 (1975).
*814 Defendant having failed to show prejudicial error, the verdict and judgment must be upheld.
NO ERROR.
|
Landing and perimeter safety nets for offshore and onshore applications
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With Circle & H Netlight, Frictape has extended its product range to helideck lighting. With Netlight, no fixed light structures are required, as no holes need to be drilled as light modules are integrated with the landing net, delivering several benefits in terms of cost and effort compared with traditional lighting solutions.
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Better helideck safety through professional testing
The purpose of standards is to state the minimum requirements. When it comes to safety, it is vital that one does not focus solely to fulfilling standards but to responding to real-life needs. It is important to ensure that the structure and strength of safety products is well balanced and the installation method should be fail-safe to ensure correct operation, this usually also results in easy and fast installation process.
Requirements for helideck safety are becoming more stringent, with the UK authorities leading the way. A crucial part of ensuring safety is to regularly test the materials for remaining strength; safety products can't simply be installed and forgotten. |
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author:
- Sergio López Josep Silva David Insa
title: Using the DOM Tree for Content Extraction
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|
Tag: Glen Affric
After a busy winter I can’t believe we are edging closer to spring, the last few weeks have been absolutely beautiful up here, two weeks of sunshine in February quite wonderful! Alex and I are now getting ready for the coming season. Our weekend and day courses start in April and our first Relaxation Retreat is … read more…
Christmas is over and the new year is here. We are back at Higher Crochail after nearly a month away. It is lovely to be home. We were lucky enough to have various sheep sitters looking after our girls. The most shocking thing about our return, was a gift from our resident Pine Marten. She … read more…
As Autumn gives way to winter up here we have started to get organised for the months ahead. Alex has been busy building up our log stack, we have taken down and dried out the Ger that we had up over the summer and we have picked as many berries as we could find. Unfortunately, … read more…
The very first snow arrived today, marking the end of our Summer and Autumn season. We ended with our September and October relaxation retreats, both were lovely weeks that Joany and I enjoyed running. We met some great people, who had lots of interesting and inspiring stories to tell. The weeks combined morning yoga, walking, … read more…
Mongolian style felt-making We have just finished our fleece to felt week for this year. We had an excellent group of people and a lovely week. We had a great dyeing session making nearly 30 shades of colour, we visited Nathalie on her farm, where we saw her beautiful Shetland sheep, we also had a … read more…
It is here! Our review in the Guardian, or you can click on this link Relaxation Retreat. More information about our relaxation retreats is here. Scotland for the soul: a relaxation retreat in the Highlands A new relaxation retreat in northern Scotland strips life back to the simple pleasures of being creative in one of the … read more…
This May, we are running a new week. Our yoga and walking week combines a little bit of everything. We are taking elements of our Naturally Wild week and some from our Autumnal Relaxation Retreat and creating something really special for the spring. Our Spring Relaxation Week combines, morning yoga with afternoon walks to beautiful … read more…
The days are feeling much shorter and the sun cooler. We have been out busy foraging autumnal berries. Why is it we never make enough sloe vodka to last until the following year’s batch is ready? -it must be the more we make the more we give away! There is nothing quite like it on a cold … read more…
Wildrose Escapes on Facebook
Enjoy a relaxing week learning natural dyeing and hand-spinning. Spend time outdoors in the woods, watching Alex hand-shear one of our Shetland sheep and forage for Highland dye plants. Make beautiful natural dyes and dye Shetland fleece a range of stunning colours.Spend a day mid-week in Glen Affric and Plodda falls taking in some of our stunning Highland scenery. The last two days are spent learning to spin with Alison. Learn about the fleece and how to use a wheel to spin your own naturally dyed yarn. Produce your own hank of hand spun wool and have a relaxed and enjoyable time while you do it.Stay in a beautifully converted barn, enjoy home-cooking and a relaxing pace of life, with many lovely walks on your door step. We provide all the workshops, accommodation, meals, transport and transfers. We pick all our guests up from Inverness which can be easily reached by bus, train or plane (Easyjet, Flybe).If you are interested in Escaping get in touch..www.wildrose-escapes.co.uk... See MoreSee Less
Natural Dyeing & Spinning Craft Retreat
June 30, 2018, 5:00pm - July 7, 2018, 10:00am
Enjoy a relaxing week learning natural dyeing and hand-spinning. Spend time outdoors in the woods, watching Alex hand-shear one of our Shetland sheep and forage for Highland dye plants. Make beautiful natural dyes and dye Shetland fleece a range of stunning colours.
Spend a day mid-week in Glen Affric and Plodda falls taking in some of our stunning Highland scenery.
The last two days are spent learning to spin with Alison. Learn about the fleece and how to use a wheel to spin your own naturally dyed yarn. Produce your own hank of hand spun wool and have a relaxed and enjoyable time while you do it.
Stay in a beautifully converted barn, enjoy home-cooking and a relaxing pace of life, with many lovely walks on your door step.
We provide all the workshops, accommodation, meals, transport and transfers. We pick all our guests up from Inverness which can be easily reached by bus, train or plane (Easyjet, Flybe).
If you are interested in Escaping get in touch..
www.wildrose-escapes.co.uk
Learn to felt using naturally dyed fleece. Create a beautiful wall-hanging, bag, scarf or other smaller items using Shetland fleece from our own small flock of sheep. All the fleece we use has been dyed naturally using plant dyes. Wet felt a piece and then create beautiful details with needle felting. The workshop includes lunch on both days. Stay in the woods in the yurt or stay locally at the campsite or one of the many B&B's. We are based in a beautiful woodland, on the edge of Glen Affric, in the Highlands of Scotland. Inverness can be reached by bus, train or plane (Easyjet, Flybe). ... See MoreSee Less
Felting workshop using naturally dyed fleece
April 21, 2018, 10:00am - April 22, 2018, 4:00pm
Learn to felt using naturally dyed fleece. Create a beautiful wall-hanging, bag, scarf or other smaller items using Shetland fleece from our own small flock of sheep. All the fleece we use has been dyed naturally using plant dyes. Wet felt a piece and then create beautiful details with needle felting. The workshop includes lunch on both days. Stay in the woods in the yurt or stay locally at the campsite or one of the many B&B's.
We are based in a beautiful woodland, on the edge of Glen Affric, in the Highlands of Scotland. Inverness can be reached by bus, train or plane (Easyjet, Flybe). |
Launching The FaithWorks Revolution…
We’ve completed the “JAMES ONE: Reality Faith” series – now its time to “do what it says” – here’s a reminder of the messages we’ve done in this series (Download here to catch up):
“James BONDservant” – v1
“FAITHing the trial of life” – v2-4
“The way of wisdom” – v5-8
“Kingdom Economics” (Michael Swain @6PM) – v9-11
“Exposing the deception of temptation” – v12-19
“Listen – can you hear Him?” – v19-22
And the final message from v22-27 is the shortest message I’ve ever preached: “Lets do what it says”, from verse 22:“Do not merely listen to the word, and so deceive yourselves. Do what it says.”“IT” = the Scriptures, so we read “Do what the Scripture says.”
Imagine with me if we believers/disciples simply “did what the Scripture says”. There would be a revolution – a “FaithWorks” revolution! Revolution means “a period of major change”; “the overthrow of government” (not Labour! but the “current rule over your life and works.”)
I had a quick look through the book of James and found the following “Faith Works” the Scripture tells us to do:
Do something for someone “without family” (1:27)
Do something for “a poor man with filthy clothes” (2:3)
Express “Love your neighbour as yourself” (2:8)
Show mercy to someone who deserves judgement (2:13)
Buy a homeless person a meal (2:16)
Make peace with someone (3:18)
Humble yourself (4:10)
Bite your tongue and refrain from speaking evil of someone (4:11)
Make right a financial wrong (5:4)
Choose joy over complaining (5:9)
Be true to your word, even if it hurts (James 5:12)
Offer to pray for someone who is sick (5:15)
Pray for a miracle (5:17)
Connect with someone who is distant from God (and invite them to a Sunday Service, Connect Group, or the Alpha Course) – (5:20)
Other: __________________________
So here’s the (short) message: (Let’s Just) Do what it says (and see what happens!!) Amen.Thats it.
Practically: Take up the challenge: Deliberately look for opportunities to do at least one or more of these FaithWorks each week in May, and share your FaithWorks story on as a comment here or on your congregation FaceBook page, and we’ll give time for it on Sundays too. Come on, lets see if Faith Works?! Its not about earning points with God, or boasting, or anything like that. Its about becoming more aware of the world around you and more of the blessing you can be… there are amazing opportunities all around you… so just do it, and see what happens! |
Q:
How to find duplicates in a SQL Server table which has trailing spaces values in a column
select COL1, count(COL1)
from Table1
group by COL1
having count (COL1) > 1;
I have tried the above query and got some result based on data which do not have trailing spaces however the above query does not apply to data which has trailing spaces so I tried the below query and got no results. Please advice
select COL1, count(COL1)
from Table1
where COL1 in(select Ltrim(Rtrim(COL1))from Table1)
group by COL1
having count (COL1) > 1;
A:
If you want to tally the text contents of COL1 ignoring leading and trailing whitespace, then just do that. Use ltrim(rtrim(COL1)) when aggregating:
select
ltrim(rtrim(COL1)) AS COL1_trimmed
count(*) cnt
from Table1
group by ltrim(rtrim(COL1))
having count(*) > 1;
|
lady_disdain and everyone who thinks I shouldn't be cooking for the BIL. I completely agree, but the arrangement was made prior to finding out he misled us about being invited to our house for Christmas. I have had this argument with my husband repeatedly, to which he says: "We should honor our commitment. If we don't, he'll think we're just like he is." To which I said, "Who cares what he thinks? He willfully misled us! No one invited him to our house." I honestly don't understand my husband's apparent apprehension to displease him. It's sad to me, very sad.
The bolded is an interesting phrase. I wonder what exact dynamics are going on between the two brothers. Is your husband trained to be the "nice" one, and that if he isn't "nice," the universe goes out of balance and we all fall into a black hole?
Speaking as someone whose DH was programmed to the "reasonable one*" while his sister wreaked havock, I can only advise you to live your boundaries. If you enable him to continue the "just this one thing" cycle, you will never pull out of it. Your DH is used to appeasement, to peace at all costs. He knows he can depend on your love, so he expects you to compromise because he can't trust BIL's love. So what you have to do is make it just as uncomfortable for DH to put you in the "compromise" position as it is for DH to confront BIL.
DH can plan to "honor his commitment" to appease BIL all he wants, but you will not be involved. If he brings it up as planning for BIL's bday dinner, tell him, "I will not be here. I will be at a movie that night, but the crockpot is in the cabinet left of the stove." When he protests, tell him, "I will not be there." And when the appointed night arrives, go to the movies. He can accuse you of not being supportive or showing BIL you're afraid of him or some other nonsense to try to force you back into the position of helping him appease BIL - because that's what DH's comfortable with. He doesn't know any other way to operate. But ultimately, he needs to hear the same simple, repeated message that BIL hears, "I will not have anything to do with BIL."
*A friend of mine called it the "Curse of the capable" over the weekend and, boy does that describe the situation.
lady_disdain and everyone who thinks I shouldn't be cooking for the BIL. I completely agree, but the arrangement was made prior to finding out he misled us about being invited to our house for Christmas. I have had this argument with my husband repeatedly, to which he says: "We should honor our commitment. If we don't, he'll think we're just like he is." To which I said, "Who cares what he thinks? He willfully misled us! No one invited him to our house." I honestly don't understand my husband's apparent apprehension to displease him. It's sad to me, very sad.
If I were in your position arguing with my wife about this sort of thing, I'd say "If you're so concerned about honoring the committment, then you can go ahead and cook for your brother yourself. I will have nothing to do with it."
Sounds like your husband's concerns about not wanting BIL to think you're afraid of him are actually a projection of your husband's fear of his brother.
"Yes, I said I would make his birthday dinner but I also thought he would be acting in a reasonable way. Its an implied social contract...you are part of my family so I celebrate with you. However, if he hit me in the face, should I still have to make dinner to honor the commitment? No, because the social contract would be broken. And I am telling you the way he treats me also breaks that contract. I will not be doing anything for nor with him anymore. If you choose to make him dinner or go out to dinner with him yourself, consider the message that it sends to both him and to me. I, for one, get the message that you condone his behavior and that you are going out of your way to be nice to someone that deliberately tries to make me uncomfortable."
Or how about the important questions, "Why is so important to you keep him happy? Why do you care so much about what he thinks? Why is his happiness and what he thinks more important to you than my happiness and what I think?"
I'm guessing that even if he can't articulate it, her DH feels that his only surviving bond is his brother. It's a lifelong one and he may, unconsciously, believe that it is more likely to last than the bond with his wife.
I'm guessing that even if he can't articulate it, her DH feels that his only surviving bond is his brother. It's a lifelong one and he may, unconsciously, believe that it is more likely to last than the bond with his wife.
If he keeps prioritizing BIL's feelings over his wife's, then he is almost guaranteeing it.
I'm guessing that even if he can't articulate it, her DH feels that his only surviving bond is his brother. It's a lifelong one and he may, unconsciously, believe that it is more likely to last than the bond with his wife.
If he keeps prioritizing BIL's feelings over his wife's, then he is almost guaranteeing it.
Exactly!
I'd still like to know about the nature of the property the brothers co-own and why the husband seems afraid of his brother. It is possible that if he stood up to him, they might actually have a better relationship in the long run.
The whole example of you gave, mocking your voice, grunts, sighs seems like grade school, not how adults interact, it's just bizarre. I honestly don't get the entire interaction.
Since you clearly feel very strongly that you dislike BIL, I also don't understand why you've entertained him for so long. I'm glad you finally said something to him. For the record, your DH may be interested to know that distancing oneself from someone rarely involves inviting them over and cooking meals for them. Further, I have it on good authority that men can, in fact, cook dinners and in a pinch order in meals if they are afraid of the stove.
If DH wants him to come over for his birthday dinner, which is presumably not a milestone event for you, then a reasonable compromise is either for you to find somewhere else to be for that evening and for DH to cook dinner for his BIL or for DH to take his brother out for dinner without you.
For Christmas it's a bit more difficult since it is a big event for everyone involved. I think you bluntly need to say to DH that you will not spend Christmas with his brother and that DH needs to choose who he wants to spend it with. Force him to either say he would prefer to spend it with his brother or to spend it with you.
I don't understand why not spending time with BIL implies you are afraid of him. There are plenty of people I dislike who I won't spend time with and fear has nothing to do with it. Perhaps you can think of someone or somewhere you DH dislikes going. Suggest you go there or see them. If he doesn't agree tell him he has to or else it will look like he's afraid of it. That may help him see that dislike and fear are really totally different things.
BIL sounds like the BIL that there used to be some posts about- the robotics team one who would lie and say he was an advisor. Sorry- I can't remember who used to post about him- but there were quite a few posts about him- a few years back.
BIL sounds like the BIL that there used to be some posts about- the robotics team one who would lie and say he was an advisor. Sorry- I can't remember who used to post about him- but there were quite a few posts about him- a few years back.
I remember those stories. The OP of those had the word "duck" in her SN, but I can't remember who it was. But that BIL was more clueless and lacking social skills. He overreached and thought he was more than he was because he seemingly had nothing else going on his his life and while was annoying, he wasn't mean or cruel. This BIL sounds cruel or slightly unhinged. I agree with the others that the OP should distance herself and let her DH handle all things concerning his brother.
BIL is sabotaging your marriage. DH has something good that BIL doesnít, and BILís reaction has been to try to destroy it in a way that he hopes will leave him looking blameless.
Reading your O.P., people here have been appalled on your behalf. DH should also be appalled. I have sympathy for him though. Growing up in dysfunction, one learns to adapt and see it as normal. It can take a huge wakeup call to see what others see. And it can be very painful.
I donít think it needs to be a case of DH protecting you or you protecting him Ė it should be the two of you acting as a solidified unit to protect your love and marriage from an outside threat. I hope the two of you can work this out.
THIS! When DH and I were dating his brother (who lived with him) alternated being rude to me/ignoring me. He had always been a bully.
He couldn't stand the fact little brother was happy while he and his on again/off again girlfriend were off again. DH confronted him with "be nice to her or move out - she is more important to me than you are". We seldom see him but he is civil and polite and that's enough for us. When my MIL passes some day we will no longer have any reason to see him.
BIL sounds like the BIL that there used to be some posts about- the robotics team one who would lie and say he was an advisor. Sorry- I can't remember who used to post about him- but there were quite a few posts about him- a few years back.
I remember those stories. The OP of those had the word "duck" in her SN, but I can't remember who it was. But that BIL was more clueless and lacking social skills. He overreached and thought he was more than he was because he seemingly had nothing else going on his his life and while was annoying, he wasn't mean or cruel. This BIL sounds cruel or slightly unhinged. I agree with the others that the OP should distance herself and let her DH handle all things concerning his brother.
Her SN was Evil Duckie. She removed a lot of her posts about the BIL and FIL, but the comments are still available. She also had a link to her blog, and I think that she was an accomplished photographer. The whole saga was very interesting, as I remember. I think that she has been on this site in this calendar year. |
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';
import { GridComponent } from './grid.component';
const routes: Routes = [
{
path: '', component: GridComponent
}
];
@NgModule({
imports: [RouterModule.forChild(routes)],
exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class GridRoutingModule { }
|
#GrowthRatesCON {
height: 430px;
}
.dashBoxLine{
stroke-width: 1.5;
stroke-dasharray: 7,7;
}
.dashLine{
stroke-width: 1;
stroke-dasharray: 10,10;
}
.yLabel{
text-align: right;
}
|
The development and use of a comprehensive test for evaluating decentralized medical education--the WAMI experience.
The development of a comprehensive examination at the end of the first year of medical school is discussed. The implications of the results for the evaluation of the WAMI Program in decentralized medical education are presented. |
Q:
Error running Glassfish 3.1.2.2: Address localhost:4848 is already in use
I have installed my glassfish on port 4848, then I have a test project in IntelliJ IDEA that contains .jsp files which I want to run on glassfish.I've read a tutorial on how to run an application on glassfish via IntelliJ here, but when I do the job I get the following error:
Error running Glassfish 3.1.2.2: Address localhost:4848 is already in use
How to fix this?
A:
From the error you are getting it seems that a glassish instance is already running on that port and IntelliJ is trying to start up a new one. Did you start your glassfish instance via command line? Maybe you could try starting it up with IntelliJ and see if that works better ...
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FAMILY PEACE CENTERS
promote peace and safety for Hawaii’s families and communities by providing support and education for those who use violence, survivors, and their children. Violent and abusive behavior is learned and can be unlearned. Accepting responsibility and being accountable for one’s behavior are critical in the path to peace. The consistent use of non-violent skills assures safety for survivors and children, promotes offender accountability, and solidifies an end to the cycle of violence in families and communities. The Family Peace Center emphasizes partnership, equality, and respect among and between all family members.
PACT offers services on Oahu, Maui, and Lanai. Services are offered in a variety of languages for non-English speakers. Although types of groups and services vary by island, which includes:
· Victim advocacy and support
· Parenting skill building – for survivors and their children
· Parenting skill building – for offenders
· Domestic Violence Intervention - for adults who have used violence
· Domestic Violence Intervention - for adults who have used violence with co-occurring substance abuse
· Violence intervention – for GLBTQ individuals
· Violence intervention for teenagers
· Anger Control |
Q:
Working on the same branch in all Git repositores
I have several repositories and usually when there is branch A in one of the repositories, there is also a branch with the same name in the rest.
Is there a way to make sure that when i switch to branch A in one of the repositories, the branch will be switched in the other as well?
A:
Is there a way to make sure that when I switch to branch A in one of the repositories, the branch will be switched in the other as well?
Not with basic Git commands alone.
A less basic Git command could achieve something similar with git subtree: see "Alternatives To Git Submodule: Git Subtree ", and "Working with subtree merge": you merge several repos in one, while preserving the possibility to export back the history of those sub-repos back to their original repos.
While you are in that "merged repo", making a branch would apply to all merged repos.
But the one tool which does precisely what you want is called gitslave
Gitslave creates a group of related repositories—a superproject repository and a number of slave repositories—all of which are concurrently developed on and on which all git operations should normally operate;
so when you branch, each repository in the project is branched in turn. Similarly when you commit, push, pull, merge, tag, checkout, status, log, etc; each git command will run on the superproject and all slave repositories in turn.
This sort of activity may be very familiar to CVS and (to a lesser extent) Subversion users. Gitslave's design is for simplicity for normal git operations.
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Hot weather and blasted a/c might be two factors influencing your utility bill. But since utility prices in Texas are ultimately decided by a computer, not humans, consumers may have something else to worry about: computers making errors based on wrong information, which can cause your utility bill to shoot up for no reason.
That's what happened at least twice last year. The worst spike was in May. An electricity provider predicted that some power lines in west Texas would be overwhelmed, that a shortage would ensue and, as on the stock exchange, higher demand would lead to higher prices for consumers. It provided this information to the computer system, operated by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas.
Little problem: That prediction turned out flatly incorrect.
While electricity prices spiked to nearly 23 times what they should have been for just a tiny period of time, the energy trader who discovered the error, Adam Sinn of Raiden Commodities, has estimated that that little mistake cost consumers somewhere around $50 million, as first reported by Houston Public Media.
Raiden actually profited from this little mistake, but its attorney, Barry Hammond, says the company decided to file a formal complaint with the Public Utilities Commission of Texas (the agency that regulates ERCOT) because ERCOT has refused to amend the prices even though it was aware of the mistake and its protocol apparently called for a correction. In December, ERCOT's attorney argued that since it was the electricity provider's wrong prediction that caused the spike, it wasn't ERCOT's problem. In fact, she questioned whether ERCOT could even do anything about Raiden's request given that Raiden made money off the data error — as though the people who didn't, consumers, were somehow not a part of this.
More concerning, Hammond claims, is that this data mistake is not an anomaly but rather something he's confident happens frequently. Who knows how many of these erroneous spikes have happened when people like Adam Sinn weren't watching. “My client has a problem with a market that's not transparent, with an opaque market, one that doesn't work as it should,” Hammond said. “Even if there was a profit this time, next time, there might not be.”
Further, those electricity providers who hand over data to the almighty computer system may sometimes own generators, too — which means they can directly profit from price spikes caused by less than accurate information, Hammond said. And since some members of ERCOT are also generators, Hammond said, this conflict of interest may create a larger problem.
“The bigger picture is, one, the people that are running ERCOT seem to have no incentive to make adjustments to create valid market prices,” he said. “Two, we've either got an oversight problem or a market problem if this continues to happen and isn't addressed.”
PUCT is expected to file a response to Raiden's complaint in March. Neither PUCT nor ERCOT's general counsel returned requests for comment Tuesday. |
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a recorder with an improved apparatus for making electrical contact to a conductive backed web material upon which information is recorded and more particularly to a contact for use with dry-silver, carbon-backed recording paper.
2. Description of the Prior Art
One way to heat a moving web is to provide a conductive backing for the web and pass an electrical current through the backing. Although conductive, the backing has a certain resistance and the amount of heat generated is a function of the quantity of current and the resistance of the backing. In the prior art, a pair of spaced electrical bars or rollers is used to provide an electrical contact between the conductive backing of the web and a source of electrical energy.
While such prior art contacts are satisfactory for some applications, they are not satisfactory for recorders employing dry-silver or other similar conductive backed recording paper. |
The Girl Most Likely To...
The Girl Most Likely To... is a black comedy with slight psychological thriller elements written by Joan Rivers and Agnes Gallin, and starring Stockard Channing and Ed Asner. The film was released on November 6, 1973 as a made-for-television film broadcast on the ABC Movie of the Week. The story has plot elements similar to the 1950 film The Second Face.
Plot
Miriam Knight is an intelligent but unattractive young woman who is treated disrespectfully by those around her due to her homely appearance. She has changed colleges five times in three years. In that time, she has taken a lot of different classes but is still unable to find a boyfriend. At her new college, things go from bad to worse. She is either ignored or humiliated by almost everyone. Miriam finally lands the lead in a play, but her jealous roommate, knowing that Miriam is allergic to roses, places some in a box during Miriam's performance, causing Miriam to sneeze herself into humiliation. She tearfully speeds away from the college campus, but is involved in an automobile accident.
Miriam requires reconstructive surgery on her face. Once the bandages are removed, they reveal a brunette bombshell. From the moment she steps outside the room in the hospital, she makes it her mission to exact vengeance on all those who did her wrong by killing them, one by one.
Miriam uses her new good looks (which make her unrecognizable as the "old" Miriam) and the skills that she acquired in many of her classes to commit the crimes. A police detective, Ralph Varone, who had a brief encounter with the "old" Miriam, solves the crimes committed by the "new" Miriam and discovers her motive. Varone falls in love with Miriam, becoming the only man to love her for her mind. They marry with Miriam in custody, preparing to serve a lengthy jail sentence.
Cast
Stockard Channing as Miriam Knight
Ed Asner as Det. Ralph Varone
Jim Backus as Prof. David Tilson
Joe Flynn as Dr. Green
Chuck McCann as Coach
Cyril Delevanti as Minister
Carl Ballantine as Dr. Hankim
Ruth McDevitt as Housemistress
Susanne Zenor as Heidi Murphy
Fred Grandy as Ted Gates
Larry Wilcox as Moose Meyers
Warren Berlinger as Herman Anderson
Dan Spelling as Fred Ames
Florence Lake as Computer Clerk
Victor Izay as Dr. Wolfe
Bill Zuckert as Priest at funeral
Reb Brown as Football player
Warren Burton as Actor
Angela Clarke as Actress
Dennis Dugan as Charlie Elliott
Annette O'Toole as Jenny
Bobby Griffin as Football player
Charles Pinte as Football player
Bob Hanley as Intern #2
Lonny Stevens as Intern #3
Mary Layne as Lee Anne
Florence London as Anesthesiologist
John Kirby as Aide #2
Jack Kutcher as Aide #1
See also
The Second Face (1950) feature film
Return to Eden (1983) TV miniseries
"Pygmoelian" (2000) an episode from the eleventh season of The Simpsons
Insatiable (2018) TV series
References
External links
Category:1970s black comedy films
Category:1970s serial killer films
Category:1973 television films
Category:ABC Movie of the Week
Category:American black comedy films
Category:American films
Category:American serial killer films
Category:Comedy television films
Category:English-language films
Category:American films about revenge
Category:Films directed by Lee Philips
Category:Films scored by Bernardo Segall
Category:Screenplays by Joan Rivers |
685 F.2d 1389
U. S.v.Dauphin
80-5419
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Eleventh Circuit
8/24/82
S.D.Fla., 680 F.2d 1390
|
Evaluation of the buccal bleeding time and platelet glass bead retention as assays of hemostasis in the dog: the effects of acetylsalicylic acid, warfarin and von Willebrand factor deficiency.
The study evaluated two hemostatic assays in the dog, a modified version of the buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) and the platelet glass bead retention (PR), to describe the aspects of hemostasis measured by these assays. Von Willebrand factor (vWf)-deficient Doberman pinscher dogs were used in evaluating the effects of altered platelet adhesion. Normal dogs were treated with either acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or warfarin to evaluate the effects of altered platelet aggregation and coagulation. There was significant prolongation of the BMBT and reduction of the PR in vWf-deficient dogs as compared to normal dogs. In ASA treated dogs the BMBT was slightly prolonged; the PR was significantly reduced. The change in ASA-induced BMBT did not correlate with the sensitivity of the dog platelets to arachidonic acid. In warfarin treated dogs there was no change in the BMBT; however, the PR was significantly reduced. The BMBT is a test of hemostasis that is sensitive to platelet adhesion and aggregation deficits. The PR is useful in detecting general abnormalities in hemostasis including platelet adhesion defects due to reduced vWf. |
Archive
Many banks offer cash back for opening new accounts. Bank of America has offered these deals in the past and has another offer you can take advantage of.
Open a new checking account with Bank of America and earn a $100 bonus. You can open a checking account online or go to a branch. You must use the reference offer code of AOU261209 to open an account by Feb. 28, 2010. Other details of the offer include:
No monthly maintenance fee
Only new customers are eligible for the bonus
Minimum balance of $500
Checking account must be open for at least 30 days
Must use check card for at least one transaction
The $25 bonus gets credited to your checking account within 90 days of it being opened. You cannot apply for the bank’s bonus offer if you have had a Bank of America account that was closed within the last three months. The bonus offer is limited to one per household.
Checking account customers have access to over 6,100 banking centers and over 18,000 ATMs. The annual percentage yield (APY) for tiered interest checking accounts is 0.05% for balances of less than $10,000, 0.25% for $10,000 to $99,000, and 0.4% for balances over $100,000. You may be responsible for paying taxes on interest earned.
Salem Five Direct has a couple of bank deals for checking and savings accounts. The savings account offers a a 1.55% annual percentage yield (APY). The eOne Savings Account links to an eOne Checking Account.
Other details of the online savings account offer include:
No monthly fees
Minimum opening deposit of $100
Savings rate applies to balances up to $1 million
Savings can be used for overdraft protection for checking account
The checking account offers a $25 bonus when you enroll in direct deposit. The account also features:
Cash back debt rewards
No monthly fee
Minimum opening deposit of $100
Reimburses up to $15 of fees for non-Salem Five ATMs each statement cycle
Unlimited checking, debit, and ATM transactions
Online statements
Earn up to 0.85% interest on checking deposits
Salem Five Direct credits the $25 bonus to the checking account within 60 days of setting up a recurring direct deposit. You have 90 days after opening an account to initiate a recurring direct deposit.
The savings and checking account offers are only available online and cannot be opened at a branch. Money in the accounts is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) for up to $250,000 per depositor.
Government and private reports indicate that personal income grew in November and is expected to continue gaining next year. The 0.4% rise in personal income occurred even as U.S. workers continued to lose jobs, reported the Los Angeles Times.
Americans also are putting more of their income into savings. The personal savings rate was 4.7% in November, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
That’s a huge shift from earlier in the decade when the U.S. savings rate plunged as many consumers spent like crazy and went deep into debt. Many people also took advantage of strong gains in the stock market and rapidly rising home values.
Now more folks are taking negative financial news seriously and looking to pay off debt. Many people also are beefing up their emergency funds and retirement accounts due to the constant economic uncertainty that has touched the lives of many Americans.
However, the unwillingness to spend is likely to slow down economic recovery. Because many people continue to remain concerned about their job prospects and more the overall direction of the economy, the savings rate may continue to rise as tight-fisted consumers sock away money for the proverbial rainy day.
A Gallup poll earlier this year indicated that 32% of Americans who had cut back their spending said they planned to continue that pattern in the future.
Sometimes it pays to look for bank deals at small community banks. Heritage Community Bank in New Jersey has a Rewards Checking account with a 3.51% annual percentage yield (APY). Details of the free checking account include:
Unlimited refunds of ATM fees
No monthly fees
No minimum balance
Unlimited check writing
Minimum opening deposit of $50
Free online banking and billpay
To qualify for the 3.51% APY and refunds of ATM fees during each billing cycle, you must make one direct deposit or ACH auto debit, make 10 debit card point of sale transactions, receive e-statements, and access online banking once.
The 3.51% APY applies to balances of up to $25,000. Checking account balances over $25,000 earn 1.01% APY. If you don’t meet the qualifications for the account, your money earns a 0.25% APY.
Other bank deals at Heritage Community Bank include a Free Checking account that has no minimum balance, no fees, and unlimited check writing. The checking account allows up to $15 in non-Heritage network ATM fees to be refunded. Direct deposit, free online banking with bill pay, and free toll-free banking also are available.
This account is a New Jersey Consumer Checking Account (NJCC). The NJCC accounts are set up to provide New Jersey residents with low-cost, low-volume basic checking services.
The average savings rate is 1.22%, but North Middlesex Savings Bank has a savings account with a 2.75% annual percentage yield (APY). The Simply Savings account is available as a passbook or statement account. Details of the offer include:
No minimum opening deposit
Make at least one deposit of $50 during each interest cycle
Deposits must be made in person at a branch in Massachusetts
Savings rate applies to deposits of $10 to $10,000 when account requirement is met each interest cycle
Savings rate defaults to 0.25% of requirement is not met
No ATM, Visa CheckCard, Internet banking, or ACH debits are allowed
You can only open one Simply Savings account per person. Three savings accounts are allowed per household.
North Middlesex Savings Bank also has an Easy Does It savings account. It pays a market rate of interest plus an extra 20% on the amount of interest credited to the account during the first nine months of the year. You receive the bonus payment in November.
The Easy Does It account can be set up as a statement or passbook savings account. You can access your account electronically and set up direct deposits. The savings account has a minimum balance requirement of $1,000.
Bank rates
provided by MoneyRates.com based on average rates for deposits under $10K and conforming mortgage rates
Do You Have A Bank Deal?
If you know of any bank deal that we haven't featured on our blog yet, we would love to hear from you. Whether you work with the bank or you found a deal in the newspaper, simply click on the submit a bank deal on the right hand side and help us all out!
Credit Card Deals
If you know of any bank deal that we haven't featured on our blog yet, we would love to hear from you.
Advertiser Disclosure: Many of the savings offers
appearing on this site are from advertisers from which this website receives compensation for being listed here.
This compensation may impact how and where products appear on this site (including, for example, the order in which they appear). These offers do not represent all deposit accounts available. |
Q:
MySql update a second tableb automatically when a record is inserted into tablea
How can I automatically update a second table tableb with a value from tablea, when a row is inserted into tablea, without any stored procedures or other things.
For example, if a row were to be inserted into tablea here, I'd like to update all the rows in tableb with the itemId from tablea where itemTempId in tableb is the same as the one in tablea
Both tables are type MyIsam
Before insert into tablea
tablea
"id" "itemId" "itemTempId" "itemName"
- - - -
tableb
"id" "itemId" "itemTempId" "itemImageName"
"1" \N "T001" "front.jpg"
"2" \N "T001" "side-left.jpg"
"3" \N "T001" "side-right.jpg"
"4" \N "T001" "back.jpg"
After insert into tablea
tablea
"id" "itemId" "itemTempId" "itemName"
"1" "US01" "T001" "Samsung Galaxy Note 5"
tableb //updated with the itemId from tablea where itemTempId are the same
"id" "itemId" "itemTempId" "itemImageName"
"1" "US01" "T001" "front.jpg"
"2" "US01" "T001" "side-left.jpg"
"3" "US01" "T001" "side-right.jpg"
"4" "US01" "T001" "back.jpg"
A:
You can use a TRIGGER to update tableb after you've inserted a row in tablea :
CREATE TRIGGER new_trigger
AFTER INSERT ON tablea
FOR EACH ROW
UPDATE tableb SET itemId = NEW.itemID WHERE itemTempID = NEW.itemTempID;
I think you can't do it without TRIGGER, and like this, it's really simple.
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Earthquake Cookies
Food.com
90 mins (prep 30, cooking 60)
10 ingredients
60-72 servings
My family and friends expect me to bake them every year at Thanksgiving and/or Christmas, and they get very upset with me when I don't. But baking them is fun, and they taste great! The recipe was initially printed in the Dallas Morning News (mid-70s) as part of a "Junior Chef" summer program for kids. |
When will you be starting your subscription to "Bear Magazine"?
-----Original Message-----
From: Meyers, Bert
Sent: Wednesday, October 24, 2001 8:02 AM
To: Williams III, Bill
Subject: FW: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance
-----Original Message-----
From: Driscoll, Michael M.
Sent: Wednesday, October 24, 2001 5:42 AM
To: Meyers, Bert
Subject: FW: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance
-----Original Message-----
From: Motley, Matt
Sent: Monday, October 22, 2001 9:44 AM
To: Driscoll, Michael M.; Swerzbin, Mike; Badeer, Robert
Subject: FW: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance
-----Original Message-----
From: Grigsby, Mike
Sent: Monday, October 22, 2001 8:54 AM
To: Motley, Matt; Badeer, Robert
Subject: FW: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance
-----Original Message-----
From: Lenhart, Matthew
Sent: Monday, October 22, 2001 10:48 AM
To: Grigsby, Mike
Subject: FW: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance
-----Original Message-----
From: Landry, Chad
Sent: Monday, October 22, 2001 10:27 AM
To: Lenhart, Matthew; Bass, Eric; Plauche, Stephen
Subject: FW: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance
hey plauch, still think it is impossible for this stock to take on a one-handle. just read below.
ckl
-----Original Message-----
From: Kiani-Aslani, John
Sent: Monday, October 22, 2001 8:33 AM
To: Gonzalez, Andrea
Subject: TheStreet: Trusts Keeping Enron Off Balance |
Wave Number Two
Everything that’s getting to me right now based on my Remaining Positive post, are miniscule problems that I’ll forget about sooner than later.
But, right now. Considering my current predicament, they are massive.
They are massive and I’m having a very hard time keeping a positive head about it.
I know it will work out and I know I’m the mean time I will have help but it’s the dawn of these issues that are raising my stress level to a 7 out of 10.
I could even bring up my Make More Mistakes post and say that mistakes are great, unless someone’s telling you that you made one while dealing with something that already gives you anxiety and frustration. My suggestion is to not add anger to the mix.
So, once again, I’m here giving out advice that I struggle with following. Like I’ve said though, it’s not a switch you can flip. It won’t happen over night. |
Nagarik (daily)
Nagarik is a Nepali language daily newspaper, published from Kathmandu, Biratnagar, and Nepalgunj of Nepal simultaneously.
See also
Kantipur
Gorkhapatra
References
External links
Official website
Category:Daily newspapers published in Nepal |
Q:
Will I get bugs if I use a string for a hashtable key in java?
I want to use a hashtable to uniquely link immutable string IDs to mutable objects. If I have two strings of the same characters, will Java interpret them as different keys to the hash table? I know that Strings are objects, so two strings might not have the same reference.
In other words, if I do ...
myHashTable.add("A" , ObjectA)
String myReference = "A"
myHashTable.add(myReference, ObjectB) // I am not sure how java will interpret this
myHashTable.get("A") //returns A
myHashTable.get(myReference) //returns B
myReference.equals("A") //returns true
Can I safely use strings as keys to the hashtable (meaning that strings made up of the same characters will return the same value)
A:
The String.hashCode() method is based only on the content of the string, not the object identity. So yes, this is safe.
A:
HashMap and HashSet depend on the keys' hashCode and equals method. String's equals method compares string character by character and its hashCode methods is consistent with that. So, you can use two Strings that have the same characters but are != reference-wise and they will hash to the same value in a HashMap.
The javadoc explains all this in clear language. You should give it a read.
public V get(Object key)
Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped, or null if this map contains no mapping for the key.
More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key k to a value v such that (key==null ? k==null : key.equals(k)), then this method returns v; otherwise it returns null. (There can be at most one such mapping.)
Caveat: IdentityHashMap breaks that contract.
|
The Heartbleed Bug Is Mostly Fixed, But There Are Still More Than 20,000 Websites Vulnerable
Business Insider While many websites have already updated their systems to address the Heartbleed bug — one of the biggest security vulnerabilities the Web had seen in years — there are still a handful of websites left susceptible to the problem.
Chances are, most of the important websites you're using on a daily basis have applied the necessary updates to patch the vulnerability.
Internet security firm Sucuri ran a systematic scan of the top 1 million websites as determined by Alexa Internet, according to a blog post from the company first spotted by Re/code.
The top 1,000 websites have been updated and are all completely safe. This category includes major Web services and social media outlets such as Google, LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook, and Wikipedia.
Only 53 of the top 10,000 websites are still vulnerable, according to data from Sucuri's scans. The company didn't reveal which websites are still susceptible to Heartbleed, but chances are they're not websites you're using on a regular basis.
However, there's a sizeable chunk of the Web that's still being affected by the Heartbleed vulnerability. Of the top 1 million websites, 2% are currently vulnerable to the security flaw. That means that more than 20,000 websites are still affected by the Heartbleed bug. Again, Sucuri didn't name any specific websites, but the more popular a site is the better chance there is of it having been fixed.
If you're unsure whether or not one of your favorite websites is still being affected by Heartbleed, use this test site to run a scan and check whether it's been fixed.
The Heartbleed bug is a security flaw with OpenSSL, a popular encryption standard used by a giant portion of the Web. The bug can allow an attacker aware of the flaw to trick a server into spilling out data from its memory, which can include personal information such as passwords and credit card numbers.
Although many of the major sites have updated their servers to a newer version of OpenSSL that isn't vulnerable to the bug, it's still a good idea to change your passwords. |
# Simplified Chinese (China) translations for WTForms.
# Copyright (C) 2012 WTForms Team
# This file is distributed under the same license as the WTForms project.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: WTForms 1.0.3\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: EMAIL@ADDRESS\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-02 14:13-0600\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-01-31 13:03-0700\n"
"Last-Translator: TonySeek <tonyseek@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: zh_CN <james+i18n@simplecodes.com>\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1)\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Generated-By: Babel 0.9.6\n"
#: wtforms/validators.py:55
#, python-format
msgid "Invalid field name '%s'."
msgstr "'%s' 是无效的字段名。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:62
#, python-format
msgid "Field must be equal to %(other_name)s."
msgstr "字段必须和 %(other_name)s 相等。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:94
#, python-format
msgid "Field must be at least %(min)d character long."
msgid_plural "Field must be at least %(min)d characters long."
msgstr[0] "字段长度必须至少 %(min)d 个字符。"
msgstr[1] "字段长度必须至少 %(min)d 个字符。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:97
#, python-format
msgid "Field cannot be longer than %(max)d character."
msgid_plural "Field cannot be longer than %(max)d characters."
msgstr[0] "字段长度不能超过 %(max)d 个字符。"
msgstr[1] "字段长度不能超过 %(max)d 个字符。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:100
#, python-format
msgid "Field must be between %(min)d and %(max)d characters long."
msgstr "字段长度必须介于 %(min)d 到 %(max)d 个字符之间。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:135
#, python-format
msgid "Number must be at least %(min)s."
msgstr "数值必须大于 %(min)s。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:137
#, python-format
msgid "Number must be at most %(max)s."
msgstr "数值必须小于 %(max)s。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:139
#, python-format
msgid "Number must be between %(min)s and %(max)s."
msgstr "数值大小必须介于 %(min)s 到 %(max)s 之间。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:188 wtforms/validators.py:221
msgid "This field is required."
msgstr "该字段是必填字段。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:249
msgid "Invalid input."
msgstr "无效的输入。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:268
msgid "Invalid email address."
msgstr "无效的 Email 地址。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:297
msgid "Invalid IP address."
msgstr "无效的 IP 地址。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:345
msgid "Invalid Mac address."
msgstr "无效的 MAC 地址。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:370
msgid "Invalid URL."
msgstr "无效的 URL。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:388
msgid "Invalid UUID."
msgstr "无效的 UUID。"
#: wtforms/validators.py:415
#, python-format
msgid "Invalid value, must be one of: %(values)s."
msgstr "无效的值，必须是下列之一: %(values)s."
#: wtforms/validators.py:442
#, python-format
msgid "Invalid value, can't be any of: %(values)s."
msgstr "无效的值，不能是下列任何一个: %(values)s."
#: wtforms/ext/appengine/fields.py:90 wtforms/ext/django/fields.py:89
#: wtforms/ext/sqlalchemy/fields.py:125 wtforms/ext/sqlalchemy/fields.py:175
#: wtforms/ext/sqlalchemy/fields.py:180 wtforms/fields/core.py:419
msgid "Not a valid choice"
msgstr "不是有效的选择"
#: wtforms/ext/appengine/fields.py:109
msgid "Not a valid list"
msgstr "不是有效的列表"
#: wtforms/ext/csrf/form.py:47
msgid "Invalid CSRF Token"
msgstr "无效的 CSRF 验证令牌"
#: wtforms/ext/csrf/session.py:57
msgid "CSRF token missing"
msgstr "缺失 CSRF 验证令牌"
#: wtforms/ext/csrf/session.py:65
msgid "CSRF failed"
msgstr "CSRF 验证失败"
#: wtforms/ext/csrf/session.py:70
msgid "CSRF token expired"
msgstr "CSRF 验证令牌过期"
#: wtforms/ext/dateutil/fields.py:50
msgid "Please input a date/time value"
msgstr "请输入一个日期/时间值"
#: wtforms/ext/dateutil/fields.py:62
msgid "Invalid date/time input"
msgstr "无效的日期/时间输入"
#: wtforms/ext/sqlalchemy/validators.py:33
msgid "Already exists."
msgstr ""
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:412
msgid "Invalid Choice: could not coerce"
msgstr "选择无效：无法转化类型"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:445
msgid "Invalid choice(s): one or more data inputs could not be coerced"
msgstr "选择无效：至少一个数据输入无法被转化类型"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:452
#, python-format
msgid "'%(value)s' is not a valid choice for this field"
msgstr "“%(value)s” 对该字段而言是无效选项"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:507
msgid "Not a valid integer value"
msgstr "不是有效的整数"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:554
msgid "Not a valid decimal value"
msgstr "不是有效的小数"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:581
msgid "Not a valid float value"
msgstr "不是有效的浮点数"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:632
#, fuzzy
msgid "Not a valid datetime value"
msgstr "不是有效的小数"
#: wtforms/fields/core.py:649
#, fuzzy
msgid "Not a valid date value"
msgstr "不是有效的浮点数"
|
[Ectopic pulmonary calcification after parathyroidectomy in multiple myeloma].
Ectopic soft tissue calcification (ESTC), a rare clinical condition, causes tissue and organ damage. It is associated with chronic renal failure, hyperparathyroidism, and malignant neoplasms, including multiple myeloma, and it is reportedly resistant to treatment. Here, we present the case of a 71-year-old male with multiple myeloma who had rapid ESTC in the lung. He had developed hypoparathyroidism secondary to thyroidectomy. During the course of our observation, he rapidly developed ectopic pulmonary calcification approximately 2 weeks after acquiring an infection. There was no evidence of further progression of multiple myeloma after the onset of ESTC, and treatment with ferric citrate hydrate and precipitated calcium resulted in immediate improvement of his pulmonary signs. We recommend cautious monitoring for patients with multiple myeloma and hypoparathyroidism to detect the onset of ectopic calcification. In addition, low blood phosphorus levels should be effectively treated. |
Q:
What's the difference between Application.Contents and Application.StaticObjects in Classic ASP?
There are two collections in the Application object in Classic ASP:
Application.StaticObjects, filled in <object> sections in global.asa
Application.Contents, filled by whatever code decides to store something there, including <script> sections in global.asa
I note one apparent disadvantage of the StaticObjects collection: You cannot initialize objects you store. Let's take the example of an XML document. You can store a free-threaded DOM object there, but how if you wanted to preload an XML file? I cannot see a way to achieve this.
Does StaticObjects have any advantage to compensate for this disadvantage?
More generally, how are these collections different with regard to things like concurrency or access or whatnot?
The discussion below has shown that there actually is an advantage to using <object> and hence Application.StaticObjects, and that is lazy evaluation. But then, of course, lazy evaluation is something you can easily code yourself (and with greater flexibility) in a script. Still, for application-scoped singletons to be created on demand, the <object> tag can be useful.
A:
I've never come across any need or advantage to use <object> in the Global.asa as opposed to simply using Contents in the OnStart event.
Apart from the way objects end up being instanced and placed in these collections there is no real difference betweent them. Objects need to be free-threaded and thread-safe.
My advice would to just ignore StaticObjects and work with simple code.
|
Is it better to add taxa or characters to a difficult phylogenetic problem?
The effects on phylogenetic accuracy of adding characters and/or taxa were explored using data generated by computer simulation. The conditions of this study were constrained but allowed for systematic investigation of certain parameters. The starting point for the study was a four-taxon tree in the "Felsenstein zone," representing a difficult phylogenetic problem with an extreme situation of long branch attraction. Taxa were added sequentially to this tree in a manner specifically designed to break up the long branches, and for each tree data matrices of different sizes were simulated. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed from these data using the criteria of parsimony and maximum likelihood. Phylogenetic accuracy was measured in three ways: (1) proportion of trees that are completely correct, (2) proportion of correctly reconstructed branches in all trees, and (3) proportion of trees in which the original four-taxon statement is correctly reconstructed. Accuracy improved dramatically with the addition of taxa and much more slowly with the addition of characters. If taxa can be added to break up long branches, it is much more preferable to add taxa than characters. |
Q:
How should I offer a download and navigate to a "thank you" page?
I've got a website that needs to offer file(s) for download and then navigate to a "thank you" style page.
My approach so far has been to use window.location = "..." twice - first to get the browser to download the file, and then again to redirect the user to the "thank you" page.
Like this simplified example:
function do_download(filename) {
window.location = "/files/" + filename;
setTimeout(function() {
window.location = "/files/thankyou";
}, 750);
}
This worked well for Chrome throughout the development and testing of this site but using Firefox, IE, or Edge presents an issue - the user never sees the file download and is instead just redirected to the "thank you" page. From the server's point of view, the request is made and subsequently aborted.
Changing the 750 ms timeout to 2.5 seconds makes this much more reliable for such browsers, but now we seem to have a timing issue, which I've confirmed...
If it takes longer than the timeout to make a request and started getting a response, then the download will be discarded/aborted and the situation will be "broken" (i.e: no file download, just redirected to "thank you").
I have confirmed this by using the 2.5 second delay in the JavaScript, and inserting a 3 second delay in the server:
a delay "before response headers are sent" results in the broken behavior
a delay "after the response headers and first few chunks of the file are sent", results in expected behavior
These observations appear to hold true across all browsers - so perhaps Chrome is faster at making requests, masking the initial issue.
Using a "large" timeout is not suitable, as this situation can still occur if the server or network is busy, or latency is high.
window.open() is not suitable, as Chrome, Firefox and Edge all block the "popup", which cannot subsequently be opened because of the navigation away from the original page.
This leads me to my question:
How should I present a file for download and redirect the user to a "thank you" page in a more robust way?
A:
For this sort of thing, I've used a zero-height iframe as the target for the download link, had the server provide a cookie with the file response, and watched for the cookie to appear:
function do_download(filename) {
// Trigger the download in the zero-height iframe
iframe.contentWindow.location = "/files/" + filename;
var handle = setInterval(function() {
if (checkForCookie()) {
window.location = "/files/thankyou";
}
}, 100);
setTimeout(function() {
// Give up
clearInterval(handle);
// ...probably show an error...
}, 20000);
}
The cookie generally appears when the download begins, so there isn't a long delay.
You've said in a comment:
This works really well for Chrome and Firefox, but IE and Edge still require ~2 seconds before finally performing the window.location = "/files/thankyou", otherwise the download is never presented. At least the cookie gives us a fairly solid point to start the timer...?
@Attie - Blech. :-) I guess that's because it destroys the iframe. Sadly, I think any fixed time interval like that will leave you open to failures (for instance, if the download takes a bit longer than usual). (The times I've used this in the wild, the main page was staying put, I just wanted to remove a spinner I'd shown when they click the download link.)
I think Simon Jensen's approach makes sense: Pass the file as a query parameter to the thank you page, have the thank you page initiate the download. That's how a lot of sites I've used do it. (Or if you don't want it to be a query parameter, you could use sessionStorage.)
Another option is to leave the page in place, and just modify the DOM to say thank you (which is more in line with how I've used this cookie trick in the past).
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<cms:formdefinition xmlns="http://www.composite.net/ns/management/bindingforms/std.ui.controls.lib/1.0" xmlns:f="http://www.composite.net/ns/management/bindingforms/std.function.lib/1.0" xmlns:cms="http://www.composite.net/ns/management/bindingforms/1.0">
<cms:bindings>
</cms:bindings>
<cms:layout iconhandle="package-uninstall-local-package" label="${Composite.Plugins.PackageElementProvider, UninstallLocalPackage.Step2.LayoutLabel}">
<PlaceHolder>
<Heading
Title="${Composite.Plugins.PackageElementProvider, UninstallLocalPackage.Step2.HeadingTitle}"
Description="${Composite.Plugins.PackageElementProvider, UninstallLocalPackage.Step2.HeadingDescription}" />
</PlaceHolder>
</cms:layout>
</cms:formdefinition> |
Mojica v Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co. (2014 NY Slip Op 07308)
Mojica v Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co.
2014 NY Slip Op 07308
Decided on October 28, 2014
Appellate Division, First Department
Published by New York State Law Reporting Bureau pursuant to Judiciary Law § 431.
This opinion is uncorrected and subject to revision before publication in the Official Reports.
Decided on October 28, 2014
Friedman, J.P., Renwick, Manzanet-Daniels, Feinman, Kapnick, JJ.
13335 109805/11
[*1] Lydia Mojica, Plaintiff-Respondent,
vMetro-North Commuter Railroad Company, Defendant-Appellant, Metropolitan Transportation Authority, et al., Defendants.
Landman Corsi Ballaine & Ford P.C., New York (William G. Ballaine of counsel), for appellant.
Seiden & Kaufman, Carle Place (Steven J. Seiden of counsel), for respondent.
Order, Supreme Court, New York County (Kathryn E. Freed, J.), entered October 21, 2013, which, insofar as appealed from, denied the motion of defendant Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company (Metro North) for summary judgment dismissing the complaint as against it, unanimously affirmed, without costs.
Metro North did not establish its entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, in this action where plaintiff was injured when she allegedly slipped and fell on a patch of ice located inside a pedestrian tunnel underneath the railroad overpass owned and maintained by Metro North. The evidence submitted by Metro North failed to demonstrate that it lacked actual or constructive notice of the hazardous icy condition. Indeed, Metro North's annual inspection reports since the summer of 2008 show that it was aware that precipitation would result in water seeping through the overpass and leaking into the tunnel from the ceiling and walls. Accordingly, a jury could conclude that the allegedly negligent maintenance of the structure by Metro North caused the [*2]condition at issue (see Lebron v Napa Realty Corp., 65 AD3d 436 [1st Dept 2009]).
We have considered Metro North's remaining contentions and find them unavailing.
THIS CONSTITUTES THE DECISION AND ORDER
OF THE SUPREME COURT, APPELLATE DIVISION, FIRST DEPARTMENT.
ENTERED: OCTOBER 28, 2014
CLERK
|
Increased miniaturization of components, greater packaging density of an integrated circuit die (“IC”), higher performance, and lower cost are ongoing goals of the computer industry. IC package technology continues advances in miniaturization to increase density of integrated circuit or semiconductor components within these packages. The miniaturization of IC packages decreases sizes of products made from these packages in response to continually increasing demands for information and communication products in ever-reduced sizes, thicknesses, and costs, along with ever-increasing performance.
These increasing requirements for miniaturization are particularly noteworthy, for example, in portable information and communication devices such as cellular phones, hands-free cellular phone headsets, personal data assistants (“PDA's”), camcorders, notebook computers, and so forth. All of these devices continue to be made smaller and thinner to improve their portability. Accordingly, a large-scale integrated circuit (“LSI”) within an IC package is required to be made smaller and thinner. The LSI package configurations that house and protect the LSI are required to be made smaller and thinner as well.
Many conventional packages for integrated circuits, semiconductors or chips are of the type where a semiconductor die is molded into a package with a resin, such as an epoxy molding compound. These packages have a lead frame whose leads are projected from the package body to provide a path for signal transfer between the die and external devices.
Other conventional package configurations have contact terminals or pads formed directly on the surface of the package. Such a conventional semiconductor package is fabricated through the following processes: a die-bonding process (mounting the semiconductor die onto the paddle of a lead frame), a wire-bonding process (electrically connecting the semiconductor die on the paddle to inner leads using lead frame wires), a molding process (encapsulating a predetermined portion of the assembly, containing the die, inner leads and lead frame wires, with an epoxy resin to form a package body), and a trimming process (completing each assembly as individual, independent packages).
The semiconductor packages thus manufactured are then mounted by matching and soldering the external leads or contact pads of the package to a matching pattern on a circuit board to enable power and signal input/output (“I/O”) operations between the semiconductor devices in the packages and the circuit board.
Different challenges arise from increased function integration and miniaturization. For example, a semiconductor product having increased function may be smaller but still require a large number of inputs/outputs (I/O). The size reduction increases the I/O density or decreases the I/O pitch for the integrated circuit die package and its respective integrated circuit die carriers.
The ever-increasing I/O density trend presents a myriad of manufacturing problems. Some of these problems reside in the IC die manufacturing realm, such as fine pitch connections and reliability of these connections. Others problems involve mounting these increase I/O density integrated circuit dies on carriers for packaging. Yet other problems reside in the realm of the printed circuit board or the system board that receives the integrated circuit die package having the fine pitch I/O or a large number of I/Os in an ever-shrinking space.
Thus, a need still remains for an integrated circuit die package system providing low cost manufacturing, improved yield, and improved reliability. In view of the ever-increasing need to save costs and improve efficiencies, it is more and more critical that answers be found to these problems.
Solutions to these problems have been long sought but prior developments have not taught or suggested any solutions and, thus, solutions to these problems have long eluded those skilled in the art. |
The Autosaver Group is pleased to help you access vehicle recall information on the U.S. government's official website (www.safercar.gov). Please understand that the information on safercar.gov may not be fully up to date at all times. Recently announced recalls may not yet appear on the website. There may also be a lag time between when a recall repair is made and when the repair is reported to the website. As a result, a recall that has been repaired may still appear as open on safercar.gov for a period of time.
Most open recalls are repaired prior to delivery, but there may be some that are not. Before purchasing a used vehicle, make sure you ask the dealer for the most recent status available regarding any open recalls. Manufacturer-authorized dealerships typically repair recalls at no cost to you.
The Autosaver Group is pleased to help you access vehicle recall information on the U.S. government's official website (www.safercar.gov). Please understand that the information on safercar.gov may not be fully up to date at all times. Recently announced recalls may not yet appear on the website. There may also be a lag time between when a recall repair is made and when the repair is reported to the website. As a result, a recall that has been repaired may still appear as open on safercar.gov for a period of time.
Most open recalls are repaired prior to delivery, but there may be some that are not. Before purchasing a used vehicle, make sure you ask the dealer for the most recent status available regarding any open recalls. Manufacturer-authorized dealerships typically repair recalls at no cost to you.
The Autosaver Group is pleased to help you access vehicle recall information on the U.S. government's official website (www.safercar.gov). Please understand that the information on safercar.gov may not be fully up to date at all times. Recently announced recalls may not yet appear on the website. There may also be a lag time between when a recall repair is made and when the repair is reported to the website. As a result, a recall that has been repaired may still appear as open on safercar.gov for a period of time.
Most open recalls are repaired prior to delivery, but there may be some that are not. Before purchasing a used vehicle, make sure you ask the dealer for the most recent status available regarding any open recalls. Manufacturer-authorized dealerships typically repair recalls at no cost to you.
The Autosaver Group is pleased to help you access vehicle recall information on the U.S. government's official website (www.safercar.gov). Please understand that the information on safercar.gov may not be fully up to date at all times. Recently announced recalls may not yet appear on the website. There may also be a lag time between when a recall repair is made and when the repair is reported to the website. As a result, a recall that has been repaired may still appear as open on safercar.gov for a period of time.
Most open recalls are repaired prior to delivery, but there may be some that are not. Before purchasing a used vehicle, make sure you ask the dealer for the most recent status available regarding any open recalls. Manufacturer-authorized dealerships typically repair recalls at no cost to you.
Used Cars for Sale in Bennington, Vermont
Are you currently on the hunt for a high-quality used car, truck, or SUV? Look no further than our Bennington, Vermont used car dealership to discover your next pre-owned vehicle. Whether you're in the market for a gently used Chevrolet, Ford, GMC, Honda, or Subaru, you'll find the right car for you in our expansive inventory. Use our regularly updated online vehicle inventory to shop for your next used car on the go using your mobile device. Once you narrowed down the selection to your favorite makes and models, let us know, and one of our sales consultants will be happy to arrange a test drive for you. The best way to determine if a used car is the best fit for you is by getting behind the wheel and cruising the streets of Bennington, Brattleboro, North Adams, and Troy.
Did you know that we carefully inspect every used car prior to listing it for sale? Thanks to the help of our expert mechanics we've compiled what we believe to be one of the finest collections of used cars in the area. When you purchase a pre-owned vehicle from Bennington Subaru, you can drive with the confidence of knowing that it was gone over with a fine-tooth comb. If you're looking for a used car that can provide you even greater peace of mind be sure to visit our certified Subaru inventory.
Finance a Used Car from Bennington Subaru
After deciding on which used car best fulfills your transportation needs it's time to think about how you'll pay for it. If you're in need of a used car loan, we assist you in obtaining a competitive interest rate line of credit from one of our lenders. Also, we can assist you in structuring a monthly car payment plan that allows you stay comfortably within your budget. Visit us today, and you'll be driving home in your next used car, truck, or SUV before you know it!
* Although every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained on this site, absolute accuracy cannot be guaranteed. This site, and all information and materials appearing on it, are presented to the user "as is" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or non-infringement. All vehicles are subject to prior sale. Price does not include applicable tax, title, and license. Not responsible for typographical errors. |
I don't have the particular hardware in front of me at the moment, but as I recall: The problem wasn't in the runtime, it was during compilation. There was a particular pragma or definition required which was dependent on the version of glib installed. It was explicitly mentioned in a thread here on PM which I found while googling. I didn't have the time to deep-dive into it at the time.
I'll update this node once I get back on the system in question and give you the specific reference. Perhaps you can save me some time with the deep-diving.
update: Okay, found it. It's this business regarding how TI gets manipulated with __attribute__ and __mode__. Salient details:
I didn't pursue it much further because the project I was working on has to be very portable (mostly across linuxes, some solaris) across 32 and 64 bit architectures. I'm not saying your code isn't portable, but I'd like to avoid exceptional cases if possible.
On a more general note, for both Math::Int64 and Math::Int128, I would very much like a way to catch overflow conditions at the XS level; without this I have to punt to Math::BigInt when I'd really rather have the speed of your modules. |
Gay Marriage
Why Moderate Billy Graham Supports North Carolina Gay Marriage Ban
The evangelical heavyweight says he’s getting more ‘mellow’ in his old age and believes culture-war issues are distractions from the gospel. So why is he endorsing North Carolina’s gay marriage ban?
Billy Graham took an unusual step into the political arena this week, pledging his support for a ballot initiative that would make it next to impossible to legalize gay marriage in North Carolina, where it is already legally banned. Graham, who is 93 and recently survived an extended hospital stay, released a statement that will be published in 14 newspapers ahead of next Tuesday’s vote.
“Watching the moral decline of our country causes me great concern,” Graham said. “I believe the home and marriage is the foundation of our society and must be protected.”
The move raised eyebrows because of Graham’s general reluctance to bring hot-button political issues into his ministry. While he always affirmed the standard evangelical view that homosexuality is a sin, he rarely mentioned it except to downplay it. “There are other sins. Why do we jump on that sin as though it’s the greatest sin?” he asked at a 1997 conference in San Francisco, adding that his job was to minister to people regardless of their orientation. The peak of Graham’s influence among evangelicals coincided with the rise of the religious right, as harder-edged political figures like Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson replaced Graham’s soft-spoken ecumenicism.
Graham is the type who might have been expected to go soft on such a divisive issue. Though theologically conservative, he came up in a different era—a time when bipartisan consensus was a still a feature of Washington politics and before the “conservative resurgence” drew rigid lines around evangelical Christian doctrines. Among his stances that wouldn’t fly with his harder-core successors, Graham frequently hinted that he believed followers of other faiths could go to heaven. In general, he tended to err on the side of inclusion and compassion. “As I got older, I guess I became more mellow and more forgiving and more loving,” he told Larry King in 2005. He explained that “the love of God” was the center of the Christian message, and that he felt increasingly convinced that “side trends” were outside his mission.
Billy Graham is a prime example of the lack of evangelical theological development on marriage even as the rhetoric has seemed to become “more mellow.”
Graham’s stance against gay marriage might also seem odd because it comes at a moment when other evangelical figures are gradually beginning to question their focus on Pyrrhic political battles. Charles Colson, the late former Nixon aide who became a religious-right heavyweight, expressed regret that his movement had “politicized the gospel.” Jim Daly, the current president of Focus on the Family, who has been working strenuously to give the organization a less political makeover, has all but admitted that the crusade against gay marriage is a lost cause. Though conservative Christian causes actually are winning electorally—their state-level rollback of abortion rights, for example—the swift turn of public opinion in favor of gay marriage and resulting unpopularity of those who oppose it has gradually motivated some evangelical leaders to downplay their stances.
But what appears to be a departure for Graham actually illustrates an ongoing dilemma for evangelical Christians: the fact that they’ve realized they need to change their tone while remaining determined to hold on to the old message. There have been signs of progress: young evangelicals tend to despise the legacy of the past few decades, and have begun spreading out across the political spectrum. Pseudoscientific views about the earth’s origins, climate change, and homosexuality—all of which have played outsize roles in evangelical political activism—are gradually losing their grip. But all of these developments were driven less by intellectual growth than by bad luck: the Bush administration deeply discredited the alliance between evangelicals and the GOP, and the rapid mainstream acceptance of homosexuality meant conservative Christians were increasingly seen as cruel and bigoted. To the extent conservative evangelical leaders have backed away from issues like gay marriage, it’s had more to do with desperation at this situation than enlightenment on the issue.
That leaves them in the awkward position of downplaying political positions they still take: Focus on the Family, for example, is still just as opposed to gay marriage as it was before its image makeover, though you’ll never see anything about it on their main organization’s website. There has been little pressure from within the movement for those backing away from old culture-war narratives to substantively adjust course. Virtually no major evangelical figures or institutions have switched sides on the issue—including the liberal ones, who tend to keep their actual views quiet or vague. Evangelical gay-marriage supporters’ reluctance to take a stand, however well-intentioned it may be, allows conservative figures and groups to adopt conciliatory language and a veneer of moderation while keeping the same old content.
Billy Graham is a prime example of the lack of evangelical theological development on marriage even as the rhetoric has seemed to become “more mellow.” The stormy cultural winds and the disaffection of a younger generation forced a reconsideration of tone, but doctrine lags far behind. When the circumstances require them to speak, all they can do is repeat the same clichés, as Graham did in his statement this week: “The Bible is clear—God’s definition of marriage is between a man and a woman.” |
Backer build 2 of Phoenix Point [Official Site] is now out with new units, new maps and I took another early look for you.
For those not familiar and didn't read anything previous on it, it's a game being developed by Snapshot Games, which includes Julian Gollop, the designer of the original X-COM series.
This build includes the Technician class, which comes with a brutal melee attack using mechanical arms, which can also be used to heal other characters and repair damaged limbs. They also have a deployable turret making them incredibly versatile, in addition to having their own assault rifle and grenades.
It also brings in the Armadillo, the first drivable vehicle you can use. It has a lot of health, it can drive through junk making it extremely useful, although it can't reach all areas due to the size.
Here's how a recent mission went in the new build…
I'm well aware I screw up a few times, it does take a little getting used to.
Performance isn't great unless you're on the potato setting, so I do hope they begin to add in more options to tweak in the next few builds. Although, this build did feel a good bit snappier than the last.
Even going by what it has right now, I can see a pretty bright future for the game. The setting and visuals are exciting and it's going to be fun to see some of the actual proper campaign when it releases in full.
You can get access to the backer builds if you pre-order through their own store. If you pick the Luxury Digital Edition, this includes the builds now and entering code "LUX15" should get you 15% off (no idea how long it lasts, tested today and it still works).
As a reminder, the full release was pushed back into 2019 so they can refine it as much as possible. |
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene), a plant-derived polyphenol and activator of the mammalian sirtuin, SIRT1, has demonstrated promising effects on glucose metabolism in rodent models ([@B1]). However, despite the widespread use of resveratrol as a nutritional supplement and the many health claims made on its behalf, data from human studies are extremely limited. Here, we explore why, in contrast to many studies in mammalian models, the article by Poulsen et al. ([@B2]) in this issue of *Diabetes* reports that chronic high doses of resveratrol have no demonstrable metabolic effects.
Interest in resveratrol has skyrocketed in recent years, initially from its association with the health benefits of red wine (the "French paradox") and its in vitro anticancer activity ([@B3]). Subsequent reports demonstrated that it activates sirtuins and extends the life span of lower organisms ("calorie restriction mimetic"), including rodents ([@B4]). Studies in vitro show that resveratrol enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipocytes ([@B5],[@B6]) and stimulates insulin secretion via inhibition of β-cell K~ATP~ channels ([@B7]). These observations have been confirmed in vivo in several animal models, including aging, diet-induced obesity, and diabetic (*db*/*db*) mice ([@B4],[@B8]--[@B10]). Importantly, key metabolic effects of resveratrol can be monitored in relevant tissues (muscle, fat, and liver), thus providing critical insight into mechanisms. These effects include increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, increased SIRT1, AMP kinase and PGC-1α activation, and decreased inflammatory markers in tissues.
Available data from human resveratrol studies have largely been limited to short-term pharmacokinetic or toxicology studies. However, recently a few studies exploring the cardiometabolic effects of resveratrol have been published ([@B11]--[@B13]). Timmers et al. ([@B11]) reported improvement in a variety of metabolic parameters in a small group of obese middle-aged men treated with resveratrol (150 mg/day) for 30 days. These included increased metabolic rate, improved insulin sensitivity, and reductions in hepatic fat and markers of inflammation. In skeletal muscle, mitochondrial function was increased, as were activated AMPK and levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α. Another study ([@B12]) reported improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in older adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) at doses of 1,000--2,000 mg/day for 4 weeks. These human studies, in a wide range of doses, have been consistent with observations from animal models in showing the positive effects of resveratrol on glucose metabolism.
In the study by Poulsen et al. ([@B2]), obese men (mean age ∼35 years) were treated with resveratrol 1,500 mg/day or placebo for 4 weeks. Surprisingly, a comprehensive and scientifically rigorous set of procedures designed to assess effects on in vivo insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and body composition and on in vitro analysis of tissues, including gene expression, AMPK phosphorylation, inflammation, and oxidative stress, failed to show any evidence of an effect. This study has a number of strengths, including the performance of a wide array of metabolic tests, application of "gold standard" methodology (euglycemic clamp, gene arrays, NMR spectroscopy, etc.), and the selection of a moderate-to-high resveratrol dose that would be most likely to demonstrate benefit, if such exists. However, the failure of these exhaustive tests to detect even a hint of resveratrol effect suggests the possibility of one or more fundamental limitations in the study design. First, evidence suggests that resveratrol works in metabolically compromised states ([@B4],[@B8]--[@B10]). The relatively young subjects in this study were obese, but were not selected on the basis of glucose intolerance and, according to HOMA-IR (a test with known limitations), were at most mildly insulin resistant. As pointed out by the authors, these individuals may have been "too metabolically healthy" to benefit from resveratrol. Other studies in young lean ([@B14]) or nonobese middle-aged subjects with normal glucose tolerance ([@B15]) also failed to demonstrate significant metabolic effects of low-to-moderate resveratrol doses. Likewise, studies in lean rodents treated with resveratrol have also failed to detect any benefit on metabolism or life span with resveratrol ([@B16],[@B17]). Second, questions remain about the quality and bioavailability of resveratrol. Commercially available resveratrol preparations, considered as food supplements, are not subject to the regulatory oversight required for pharmaceuticals. In a separate pilot study, the authors provide evidence that the resveratrol preparation used in their study can be absorbed and detected in the plasma following oral administration, but plasma levels were not measured during the main study. The presence of urinary resveratrol metabolites provides reassurance that some resveratrol was consumed, but in the presence of overwhelmingly negative results, specific quantification of plasma levels would be helpful. Lastly, since resveratrol is rapidly cleared from plasma and has a *t*~1/2~ of ∼2.5 h ([@B18]), it is possible that the metabolic tests were performed too long after the last resveratrol administration, resulting in lack of effect or possibly even a "rebound" worsening of metabolic parameters.
The many challenges to the translation of resveratrol's promising preclinical data to careful human studies were recently reviewed ([@B19]) and include issues related to dosing, toxicity, drug interactions, lack of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight, and inadequate funding. Despite initial enthusiasm, resveratrol has largely been abandoned by the pharmaceutical industry, although the reasons (scientific vs. economic) have not been made public and results of some completed clinical trials were never published. In this context, a well-done but ultimately negative study can be highly informative and can advance the field. One lesson from this experience is that future studies should be conducted in subjects with a defined metabolic defect, particularly the patient population for which the compound might have clinical utility. The issue of appropriate resveratrol dose also requires additional study. Doses used in animal (5--500 mg/kg/day) and human studies (5--5,000 mg/day) have varied widely, and not enough is known about the dose-response relationship. Price et al. ([@B20]) recently demonstrated that different doses of resveratrol can elicit different responses, with lower resveratrol doses (∼30 mg/kg/day) increasing SIRT1-dependent AMPK phosphorylation and higher doses (∼300 mg/kg/day) working via a SIRT1-independent mechanism ([Fig. 1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). Whether this has relevance to the so far inconsistent findings in human resveratrol studies needs to be explored. Other unknown factors that may affect resveratrol efficacy, such as role of race, sex, and age, also need further study. We predict that in metabolically compromised individuals (e.g., insulin resistance or aging) effects of resveratrol may be seen in numerous tissues and will be associated with clinically apparent metabolic benefits.
{#F1}
See accompanying original article, p. 1186.
No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
|
Q:
É errado usar mais de um , ou numa tabela?
Eu tenho uma tabela que recebe uma determinada formatação quando os elementos possuem um tbody. Por conta dessa formatação, pensei em usar o tbody duas vezes na mesma tabela, porém fiquei me questionando se isso seria válido.
Então, gostaria de tirar essa dúvida: Posso usar mais de um tbody, tfoot ou thead numa mesma tabela?
Por exemplo:
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<td colspan=2>
<h1>Título</h1>
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Nome</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>Wallace</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
No exemplo acima, seria inválido usar dois thead?
A:
De acordo com o DTD:
<!ELEMENT table
(caption?, (col*|colgroup*), thead?, tfoot?, (tbody+|tr+))>
<!ELEMENT caption %Inline;>
<!ELEMENT thead (tr)+>
<!ELEMENT tfoot (tr)+>
<!ELEMENT tbody (tr)+>
<!ELEMENT colgroup (col)*>
<!ELEMENT col EMPTY>
<!ELEMENT tr (th|td)+>
<!ELEMENT th %Flow;>
<!ELEMENT td %Flow;>
(thead?) Aceito 0 ou 1 ocorrêcia
(tfoot?) Idem a anterior
(tbody+|tr+) Aceito 1 ou mais ocorrências
A:
<tbody> pode sim, mas <thead> e <tfoot> não é permitido pela especificação do HTML5 (o mesmo valia para o HTML4).
In this order: optionally a caption element, followed by zero or more colgroup elements, followed optionally by a thead element, followed optionally by a tfoot element, followed by either zero or more tbody elements or one or more tr elements, followed optionally by a tfoot element (but there can only be one tfoot element child in total), optionally intermixed with one or more script-supporting elements.
Ênfase minha no que é importante. A especificação é muito clara quando ela deixa ter mais de um. Quando ele usa o artigo a em inglês significa um mesmo, não mais que um.
Possíveis soluções
Você pode juntar esses dois <thead>, já que não parece haver motivo para estar separado, ele pode ter mais que uma linha.
Poderia ser se tivesse agrupamentos, mas aí é o caso de ter uma tabela principal que contenha vários corpos e dentro dos corpos ter outras tabelas para cada grupo, aí em cada uma dessas tabelas secundárias você pode ter o cabeçalho e rodapé. Pode aninhar quantas tabelas quiser, em vários níveis.
Eventualmente poderá querer usar o <caption> também para acrescentar alguma informação na tabela.
A:
Usar mais de um thead e tfoot não são permitidos. De acordo com especificação do HTML:
In this order: optionally a caption element, followed by zero or more
colgroup elements, followed optionally by a thead element, followed by
either zero or more tbody elements or one or more tr elements,
followed optionally by a tfoot element, optionally intermixed with one
or more script-supporting elements.
Ou seja:
Nesta ordem: opcionalmente um elemento de legenda, seguido por zero ou mais
colgroup, seguido opcionalmente por um elemento thead, seguido por
zero ou mais elementos tbody ou um ou mais elementos tr, seguidos opcionalmente por um elemento tfoot, opcionalmente misturados com um ou mais elementos de suporte de script.
|
/**
*
* @Keyboard.css
* @author zhangxinxu
* @create 17-06-13
*
**/
.ui-kbd-tips {
position: absolute;
left: -9em;
top: -9em;
font-family: consolas, "Liberation Mono", courier, monospace;
font-size: 12px;
border-radius: 2px;
color: #fff;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);
opacity: 0.8;
line-height: 13px;
padding: 0 3px;
z-index: 99;
}
.ui-kbd-tips kbd {
font-family: inherit;
}
.ui-outline.ui-outline {
outline: 1px dotted #2a80eb;
outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
}
|
Confinement of laser-material interactions by metal film thickness for nanoparticle generation.
Understanding the formation and evolution of nanoparticles generated during laser ablation is imperative in controlling the health risk associated with the ablated material, minimizing contamination and enhancing ablation rates. There is also a keen interest in undertaking a competitive analysis of nanoparticle generation compared with current synthesis techniques. Laser-material-ambient interactions are, however, complex due to the dynamic nature of the ablation environment and consequently it is difficult to characterize the process of nanoparticle formation and evolution. Al, Ni and Au films with thicknesses of 10, 25 and 75 nm were ablated by single nano- and femto-second laser pulses. Generated nanoparticles were collected and their height and diameter measured using AFM and SEM, respectively. Results identified that the thickness of the metal film is highly influential on the size and distribution of nanoparticles e.g., mean radius for Au nanoparticles generated during femtosecond laser ablation of 75, 25 and 10 nm thick films were 5.9 nm, 3.5 nm and 1.8 nm, respectively. The standard deviation (sigma) of radii of these nanoparticles generated from 75, 25 and 10 nm thick films also decreased from 8 nm, 6 nm to 1 nm, respectively. |
Leisure sailing has never been more affordable and comfortable, as designers have refined composite construction techniques to craft sailboats with ever more spacious and luxurious cabins.
But as cabin headroom has grown, so too has freeboard, the height of the main deck over the waterline. Higher freeboard is problematic in only one significant way; it can be much harder to climb aboard.
From floating dock to main deck, many larger sailboats require a climb of over 30 inches, the functional equivalent of stepping onto a moving dining room table. While this is presumably effortless for the captain and experienced crew, with a pitching deck and a water gap, this climb may be a daunting task for younger, older, or less athletic passengers.
Additionally, lifelines, a system of wire rope railings and stanchions installed on most sailboats, tend to impede boarding. To avoid this problem, most boat designers now incorporate one reinforced gate stanchion on each side of the boat, allowing lifelines to be selectively opened for passenger boarding, while maintaining full function of all other lifelines. Gate stanchions are generally crafted from stainless steel tubing, and are commonly shaped like a lower case “h”, or an inverted upper case “U,” to offer longitudinal support when the lifeline gate is opened.
In brief, the present invention is a combination gate stanchion and boarding ladder assembly, ideal for use on sailboats. The ladder is folded and stowed within the gate stanchion, so as to be unobtrusive to normal sailboat function. The invention offers the advantages of a permanent and secure, folding boarding ladder, mounted directly adjacent the lifeline gate, deployable for docking and casting off, and immediately accessible from deck or dock.
While there is a considerable body of prior art for boarding aids, discussed below, very few relate to this invention. Prior art reveals no boat stanchion that integrates a ladder, no ladder attached to a stanchion, and no ladder stowable within a stanchion. |
class DataGridClipboardCellContent(object):
"""
Encapsulates the value and location of a System.Windows.Controls.DataGrid cell for use when copying content to the Clipboard.
DataGridClipboardCellContent(item: object,column: DataGridColumn,content: object)
"""
def Equals(self,data):
"""
Equals(self: DataGridClipboardCellContent,data: object) -> bool
Indicates whether the current and specified System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent
instances are equivalent.
data: The System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent instance to compare with the current
System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent instance.
Returns: true if the current and specified System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent instances
have the same System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent.Item,
System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent.Column,and
System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent.Content property values; otherwise,false.
"""
pass
def GetHashCode(self):
"""
GetHashCode(self: DataGridClipboardCellContent) -> int
Returns the hash code for this System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent instance.
Returns: The hash code for this System.Windows.Controls.DataGridClipboardCellContent instance.
"""
pass
def __eq__(self,*args):
""" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
pass
def __getitem__(self,*args):
""" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
pass
@staticmethod
def __new__(self,item,column,content):
"""
__new__(cls: type,item: object,column: DataGridColumn,content: object)
__new__[DataGridClipboardCellContent]() -> DataGridClipboardCellContent
"""
pass
def __ne__(self,*args):
pass
Column=property(lambda self: object(),lambda self,v: None,lambda self: None)
"""Gets the column that contains the cell being copied.
Get: Column(self: DataGridClipboardCellContent) -> DataGridColumn
"""
Content=property(lambda self: object(),lambda self,v: None,lambda self: None)
"""Gets the text value of the cell being copied.
Get: Content(self: DataGridClipboardCellContent) -> object
"""
Item=property(lambda self: object(),lambda self,v: None,lambda self: None)
"""Gets the data item for the row that contains the cell being copied.
Get: Item(self: DataGridClipboardCellContent) -> object
"""
|
The deacetylase inhibitor LAQ824 induces notch signalling in haematopoietic progenitor cells.
AML progenitor cells (AML-PC) undergo significant apoptosis in response to the deacetylase inhibitor (DACi) LAQ824 and lose the replating capacity which was not observed with the DACi valproic acid. Treatment of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) with LAQ824 resulted in (i) inhibition of differentiation, (ii) an G2/M cell cycle arrest exclusively in multipotent CD34(+) HPC and (iii) induction of apoptosis predominantly in committed CD34(-) HPC. Gene expression analysis showed induction of coactivator and target genes of the notch pathway as well as cell cycle arrest-inducing genes in the most primitive CD34(+) CD38(-) HPC population which may in part be responsible for the considerable, but reversible haematotoxicity of this drug. |
According to sources, Naidu is likely to meet Congress president Rahul Gandhi in the national capital and BSP chief Mayawati in Lucknow Saturday.
lok
sabha
electionsUpdated: May 18, 2019 07:35 IST
HT Correspondent New Delhi
Chandrababu Naidu has stepped up efforts to bring together parties which are against the BJP ahead of a possible meeting of the grand alliance after the election results are declared on May 23.(Sanjeev Verma/ HT photo)
Telugu Desam Party chief and Andhra Pradesh chief minister Chandrababu Naidu said on Friday that he would welcome any party to be part of an alliance against the Bharatiya Janata Party, once the election results are declared, including the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), which is in power in neighbouring Telangana.
Naidu met Communist Party of India (Marxist) General Secretary Sitaram Yechury and Aam Admi Party national convener Arvind Kejriwal on Friday, and discussed with them the possible tie-up in the post-election scenario. He is likely to meet Congress president Rahul Gandhi in the national capital and Bahujan Samaj Party chief Mayawati in Lucknow today, news agency PTI reported.
Naidu has stepped up efforts to bring together Opposition parties ahead of a possible meeting of the grand alliance after the general election results are declared on May 23.
“We are welcoming all such parties (which are against the BJP) to be a part of our grand alliance,” Naidu told reporters after a meeting at the Election Commission of India in New Delhi.
He said this in response to a query if a Congress-led grand alliance will join hands with the TRS, whose chief, Telangana CM K Chandrasekhar Rao, has articulated his intent to create a federal front, which will comprise regional parties, to forge a non-Congress, non-BJP front.
However, as reported by the Hindustan Times, TRS reached out to the Congress last month, opening a back-channel to explore the possibility of the two parties working together in the event of a hung Parliament.
“I am meeting everybody. Will chalk out a plan after discussing with all leaders,” Naidu added.
The TRS and the TDP are rivals in the southern states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Naidu wrote a letter to the EC on Friday and met Chief Election Officer, Sunil Arora, to question its decision to conduct repolling in five booths in Chandragiri assembly segment of Chittoor parliamentary constituency on May 19, based on complaints by rival YSR Congress party.
Simultaneous general and assembly elections were held for the state’s 25 Lok Sabha and 175 Vidhan Sabha seats on April 11.
“The EC has already conducted repolling in five other polling stations in three districts on May 6, based on certain complaints. If there were any issues in the polling stations in Chandragiri assembly constituency, why didn’t the Commission enquire into the same and conduct the repolling on May 6 itself?” his letter stated.
“The EC took the decision based on the concrete evidences submitted by the returning officers on the malpractices. Why are the TDP leaders worried over re-polling, if they had not indulged in any malpractices? If the people are with the TDP, they will vote for it again,” YSR Congress spokesman, Ambati Rambabu said. |
Adherence to the components of the Fleetwood model: self-reported process measures in the Fleetwood Phase III study.
To compare the pharmacist-reported adherence to Fleetwood model process components in intervention with control groups in the Fleetwood Phase III study. Demonstration project. Kinston, North Carolina (intervention site) and Mooresville, North Carolina (control site). Twelve dispensing and 15 consultant pharmacists employed by a single pharmacy provider. Fleetwood model or usual practice by dispensing and consultant pharmacists. Pharmacist adherence to elements of the Fleetwood model most or all of the time. More dispensing and consultant pharmacists in the intervention group performed all elements of the Fleetwood model most or all of the time compared with individuals in the control group. The greatest change occurred in the activities of the dispensing pharmacists in the intervention group. Dispensing and consultant pharmacists can integrate elements of the Fleetwood model (prospective review, pharmaceutical care planning, direct communications with physicians) into their practices. |
Relationship between breast- and bottle-feeding and non-nutritive sucking habits.
The objective of the present study was to assess the persistence of non-nutritive sucking habits and its relationship with breastfeeding, as well as to establish the influence of sociodemographic factors on these habits among children aged 3 to 5 years. A case-control study was conducted with 1107 children from public and private daycare centres in Natal, Brazil: 450 in the case group (312 pacifier suckers and 138 thumb suckers) and 657 in the control group (habit-free). Data regarding sociodemographic conditions and duration of breastfeeding were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Breastfeeding for a duration of > 6 months (adjusted odds ratio = 0.311; 95% confidence interval = 0.226 to 0.428) was an independent protective factor against persistent pacifier sucking. The use of pacifiers was more frequent among 3-year-old children and among those from a higher income family and a higher level of schooling of parents. The relation between duration of breastfeeding and thumb sucking was not statistically significant (P = 0.087). There was an association between the thumb sucking habit with sex (female), low level of schooling of father and the child being born as the last male child in the birth order. No relation was found between breastfeeding and habit frequency (day/night and night) (P = 0.301). An association with habit frequency was found with the age of 3 years, female, the family income group that ranged between US $176 and US $875, and those attending private institutions. Breastfeeding for a duration of > 6 months was a protective factor against the persistence of pacifier sucking, but the subjectivity of the mother-child relationship must be investigated further. |
Evaluation of propofol as a general anesthetic agent for minor oral surgical procedure.
Nausea and vomiting following anesthesia is a distressing problem for the patient as it increases the recovery time, intensity of nursing care and delays discharge. The aim of randomized controlled single blind study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of subhypnotic doses of propofol for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in day care management of cases in oral and maxillofacial surgeries. Twenty-five patient of ASA-1 with age ranging from 12 to 40 years were scheduled for various maxillofacial surgical cases like fracture, cyst enucleation, surgical removal of 3rd molar, etc. were given propofol at the dose of 2 to 2.5 mg/kg as induction dose and sedation was maintained with the dose 5 to 10 mg/min. There was no significant effect on heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation intraoperatively. In conclusion, a subhypnotic dose of propofol is fast acting, safe and easily controllable, short acting general anesthetic agent with rapid recovery. The study found that the PONV was significantly reduced in the patient with propofol, no hemodynamic derangements were noted in the postoperative period. |
Description
Located high above Santa Rosa lies a large park of rock known as Sugarloaf State Park. There's rock everywhere in this park. Unfourtunately, most of it is crummy volcanic rock that's too unstable for establishing routes. However, many of the tuff boulders in the park offer good bouldering on solid rock with very diverse ratings and problems.
This is one of the closest bouldering areas to The Bay Area, located just 15 minutes East of Santa Rosa, which is roughly a 50 minute drive from Central Bay locations. I drive like a bat out of hell on the 101, and can get there in 55 minutes, even being nice on Adobe Canyon Road.
There are no access fees.
Sugarloaf park is named so because of the packaging that sugar used to be sold in the 1900's looked a lot like the rolling hills found in the park .
Camping is allowed in the park at the disignated campground which is easlily found just before the day use lot. Top roping the cliff behind the parking lot is also an option.
There is lots of development potential at Sugarloaf, and it is a sight of some recent new problems. Potential first ascentionists should try to keep their routes facing away from established hiking trails so as to not detract from other peoples experiences while in the park.
Getting There
From the Bay Area, head first to Santa Rosa via the 101 North.
Once into Santa Rosa, take the exit for highway 12, and continue on 12 East 11 miles to Adobe Canyon Road, where you should go left. Sugarloaf State Park is signed at this turn.
Hey, looking for someone to show me around the boulders here. New to the area, found a few off Canyon Trail today while I was there, e-mail me at Millhouse51183@aol.com if you can help me out. Beautiful park.
a tree fell on the Asteroid Boulder taking out a few of the problems like the problems near and including the start of Milky Way Traverse :(
but the new boulders near the top of Canyon Trail (in the creek across from Pony Gate Trailhead) are brand new and make up for the other loss and there is more potential in the creek as well! come on out for some fa fun!! Aron - Brian . . ? ? |
There are more than 297 glyphs in the font including Stylistic sets, Ligatures etc. OpenType features with Stylistic Alternates, Contextual Alternate in some characters that allows you to mix and match pairs of letters to fit your design. To access the alternate glyphs, you need a program that supports OpenType features such as Adobe Illustrator CS and Adobe Indesign.
More information about how to access alternate glyphs, you can see it on this link ( http://goo.gl/1vy2fv)
Don't forget to check out our website for more great fonts, discount code and freebies : www.swistblnk.com** |
Letters of Humanity
Letters of Humanity
One of the International League of Peace’s lines of work is information activity, which provides an opportunity for people to know how to achieve a safer and more peaceful world. What to start this work with? Who is the best audience? Children, of course!
We decided to devote this month to the issue of refugees and internally displaced persons. So we visited Kyiv city secondary school No. 159 and delivered a lecture for the pupils of 5-6 grades. Sometimes kids can be cruel to other children, particularly to internally displaced children. They can be cruel simply because they never tried to put themselves in “the shoes of a refugee”.
Practicing psychologist Andrey Chistiakov told the children how to build bridges between them and those children that need help. The pupils actively participated in the discussion and after the lecture they gave the International League of Peace drawings and letters for IDP and refugee children. With those drawings and letters they wanted to support IDP children and show them they are not alone. In turn, with a help of volunteers we will give those drawings and letters to refugees and will always seek to provide and be part of the creating of solutions in the promotion of friendship between children. For this, we are ready to work as postmen 7 days a week |
A priest confronts a line of riot police in Kiev. Photograph: Emeric Fohlen/NurPhoto/REX
Ukraine's parliament is considering measures to grant amnesty to those arrested during weeks of protests, but possibly with conditions attached that would be unacceptable to the opposition.
Two amnesty proposals are up for a parliamentary vote on Wednesday, one of which says amnesty would be granted only if demonstrators left the streets and vacated buildings that they occupy.
Over the course of two months, anti-government protesters have established a large tent camp in the main square of Kiev and seized three buildings that they use as operations centres and sleeping quarters. They have also put up barricades of ice, wood and other materials.
Leonid Kravchuk, Ukraine's first-post independence president, urged deputies to come to an agreement on the amnesty issue, warning that the country was "on the brink of civil war".
"It is a revolution. It is a dramatic situation in which we must act with the greatest responsibility," Kravchuk – president from 1991 to 1994 – said to applause and a standing ovation.
One group of protesters clashed with another on Wednesday in an attempt to free a government building in the centre of Kiev, which they had seized. At least two protesters were injured.
Andriy Khoronets, an activist with the Svoboda party which represents more moderate protesters, tried to force members of the more militant Spilna Sprava group to vacate the agriculture ministry building as part of a compromise with the government.
"We must be seen as people who can fulfil one's obligations," Khoronets told the Associated Press outside the building. "There should be no anarchy."
The moves came after four rounds of talks between the embattled president and three opposition leaders.
Ukraine's parliamentary vote comes after the Nato secretary general, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, weighed into the tug of war for influence in the country on Wednesday morning, criticising Russia for pressuring Kiev not to sign a free trade pact with the EU.
"An association pact with Ukraine would have been a major boost to Euro-Atlantic security. I truly regret that it could not be done," Rasmussen told Le Figaro daily. "The reason is well known: pressure that Russia exerts on Kiev."
Rasmussen also condemned police violence against the protesters and pressed Ukraine's leaders to assert their independence, urging closer ties with Nato and the EU.
His comments came a day after the Russian president, Vladimir Putin, warned Europe to keep its hands off Ukraine, as Brussels sent its top foreign policy envoy, Catherine Ashton, to Kiev to try to mediate in the standoff.
Putin told a meeting of EU leaders: "The more intermediaries there are, the more problems there are. I am not sure Ukraine needs intermediaries." He pointedly noted that European leaders would have complained if Russia had sent envoys to mediate in the Greek crisis of the past four years.
"I can only imagine what the reaction would be if in the heat of the crisis in Greece or Cyprus, our foreign minister came to an anti-European rally and began urging people to do something. This would not be good," Putin said.
The street revolt against Yanukovych erupted in November after he reneged on free trade and political integration pacts with the EU, turning to Moscow, which offered him $15bn (£11bn) in loans and reduced energy prices. |
Q:
C# RegEx to match a pattern
For a programming question I need to change every last letter of every word to uppercase. Egs: This is a string should be changed to ThiS iS A strinG. I have very little prior knowledge of Regular Expressions and this is what I could come up with (here s is variable name for my string):
return Regex.Replace(s,@"(?:\w\s|\s\a)",c=>c.Value.ToUpper());
The problem with this expression is that it is not converting last alphabet of string (i.e 'G' in 'strinG'). Any help is appreciated. Thanks
BTW there are two more method that I am able to come up with for this problem but as you see they are way too clumsy and I want the solution to be neater.
1.
return new String(s.Select((x,i)=>(i+1==s.Length ||s[i+1]==' ')?Char.ToUpper(x):x).ToArray());
2.
return new String(((new CultureInfo("en-US",false)).TextInfo.ToTitleCase(new String(s.Reverse().ToArray()))).Reverse().ToArray());
A:
Instead of
?:\w\s|\s\a
Use
?:\w\b|\s\a
Which looks for a character immediately before a word boundary rather than whitespace.
EDIT
As pointed out by the OP this also needed \b before the bell character too, thus:
?:\w\b|\b\a
RegExr example
|
The European Union and Japan are signing a widespread trade deal that will eliminate nearly all tariffs, seemingly defying the worries about trade tensions set off by President Donald Trump's policies.
The signing in Tokyo on Tuesday for the deal, largely reached late last year, is ceremonial. It was delayed from earlier this month because Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe cancelled going to Brussels over a disaster in southwestern Japan, caused by extremely heavy rainfall. More than 200 people died from flooding and landslides.
European Council President Donald Tusk and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, who arrived Monday, will also attend a gala dinner at the prime minister's official residence.
Both sides are heralding the deal, which covers a third of the global economy and more than 600 million people.
Prices of European wine and pork will fall for Japanese consumers. Japanese machinery parts, tea and fish will get cheaper for Europe.
The deal eliminates about 99 percent of the tariffs on Japanese goods to the EU, but remaining at around 94 percent for European imports into Japan for now and rising to 99 percent over the years. The difference is due to exceptions such as rice, a product that's culturally and politically sensitive and has been protected for decades in Japan.
The major step towards liberalising trade was discussed in talks since 2013 but is striking in the timing of the signing, as China and the US are embroiled in trade conflicts.
The US is proposing 10 per cent tariffs on a $200bn list of Chinese goods. That follows an earlier move by Washington to impose 25 per cent tariffs on $34bn of Chinese goods. Beijing has responded by imposing identical penalties on a similar amount of American imports.
Besides the latest deal with the EU, Japan is working on other trade agreements, including a far-reaching trans-Pacific deal. The partnership includes Australia, Mexico, Vietnam and other nations, although the US has withdrawn.
Japan praised the deal with the EU as coming from Abe's "Abenomics" policies, designed to wrest the economy out of stagnation despite a shrinking population and cautious spending. Japan's growth continues to be heavily dependent on exports.
By strengthening ties with the EU, Japan hopes to vitalise mutual direct investment, fight other global trends towards protectionism and enhance the stature of Japanese brands, the foreign ministry said in a statement.
The EU said the trade liberalisation will lead to the region's export growth in chemicals, clothing, cosmetics and beer to Japan, leading to job security for Europe. Japanese will get cheaper cheese, such as Parmesan, gouda and cheddar, as well as chocolate and biscuits.
Japanese consumers have historically coveted European products, and a drop in prices is likely to boost spending.
Japan’s ambassador for international economic affairs, Yoichi Suzuki, previously said it was "a very high priority that [the deal] enter force before the end of March 2019,” referring to the date when Britain is set to leave the EU.
The European Commission had also hoped the deal could come into force before Brexit after a signing by leaders this month - an ambitious deadline based on past experience.
If the deal does enter into force before Brexit, it could apply automatically to Britain during a post-March 2019 transition period of around two years. Otherwise, it might not.
Suzuki said at a meeting in Brussels earlier this year that, if an EU-Japan deal were in force in the UK during the Brexit transition phase, it would buy Japan more time to establish a separate trade deal with Britain.
Experts have previously suggested the UK would struggle to better the terms of the EU-Japan deal in any negotiations on its own. |
Interview: Catch-Up With Cale Leiviska
The Minnesotan on how he wants to leave a legacy in the sport
Known for his smooth form and friendly demeanor, Cale Leiviska is a pro’s pro and fixture on the elite touring scene. If Leiviska is registered for an event, he’s a good bet to make the lead card.
Ultiworld Disc Golf’s Chris Wiklund caught up with Leiviska recently and talked to the Minnesotan about the changes he’s seen over years on the road and transitioning to business owner.
Ultiworld Disc Golf: Is there anything you miss from the local scene you miss while touring?
Cale Leiviska: Well, since I began my business venture, Airborn Disc Golf, I wouldn’t necessarily classify myself as a touring pro any longer. I still play a handful of small two to three week swings of large events each season, but I actually play more local events these days then national.
But to answer your question, I like what the Disc Golf Pro Tour is doing with their festival theme. One thing that is lost in the big events these days is the interaction and gathering among the competitors after rounds or tournaments are over. I see this more on the local level — players having a beer, or playing catch and just hanging out after the rounds. There are obviously friend groups among the top professionals, but from what I hear from the older days of touring pros, there is much less gathering and celebrating together.
The Maple Hill event is the exception. Many of the players gather after for food and beverage, ping pong and pool. A lot of extracurricular bets going on up in the Sap House if you know where to look.
UWDG: When did you first realize you could compete outside the local tournaments and go pro?
Leiviska: I played with friends for a few months before attending college at Iowa State University where I met Matt Fausch. I thought I was the best player in the world until I met him and realized that people were actually very good at this game. I looked up to him and learned a lot my freshmen year. I then moved back to Minnesota to finish school and registered to play a tournament at my home course, Highland Park in Saint Paul. Timmy Gill was the Tournament Director and the best player in MN at that time.
I realized I would go pro when at registration, he told me that MPO was the only division that played for money. I told him that was the division I was going to play and I got third place, accepted cash, and have been in love with competing ever since.
UWDG: If your career in disc golf hadn’t worked out what would you be doing instead?
Leiviska: If I never found golf, I’d like to think that I would still be spending a lot of my time outdoors. I went to school for Conservation Biology with a background in Fisheries and Wildlife. I have always been fascinated by nature and Northern MN in particular. We have thousands of lakes and countless miles of wild forest in our state.
Now, instead of studying it, I get to build courses through it.
UWDG: Are there any cool projects in development in the Minnesota DG community we should be excited about?
Leiviska: I am involved in the MN disc golf scene in every way possible. I take great pride in representing my state as a competitor both locally, and on the world stage. There are so many good players here now that every local event is a battle and it provides stout preparation for competing on the national level. Becoming known as a player has also opened up many opportunities for me to design and build courses.
In 2018 alone, I have been involved in some way with over 200 baskets going in the ground! Hopefully, we can push a few more through before the winter hits.
The new course that just went in around Pit Mine Lake in Buhl, Minn. is the newest championship level course in MN to be excited about. It was just completed a few weeks ago and is getting rave reviews. I also have been the Tournament Director for 20 or so events now, including the Minnesota Majestic and King of the North. Airborn runs a MN tour each year now that draws hundreds of competitors. The scene is very strong here, and I do my best to keep pushing it forward.
UWDG: Do you have a favorite course to play?
Leiviska: Blue Ribbon Pines, without a doubt. Ray Jordan has created such a special place here in MN for disc golfers. The first disc golf club around where you can play amazing disc golf, grab some food and beverage, and come in contact with a lot of great people. He has set the stage in MN for pay-to-play disc golf, which is becoming the norm among many of the cities here now. Someday, I aspire to have my own land and BRP has set the bar high on how to create a true Disc Golf Country Club.
UWDG: What sorts of courses or designs do you think the PDGA and DGPT should be looking at for hosting major tournaments?
Leiviska: I don’t think there is a specific model for what a course needs to be. I think the best players need to have a finely tuned, wooded technical game mixed with accurate power for more open courses. The true champions can do it all, and I believe we should be tested in all disciplines. That being said, the prettier the course the better. The more beautiful the landscape, the better our discs look flying through it.
That is what it should be about; playing in places where it is enjoyable to watch.
UWDG: What are your thoughts regarding the discussions around shrinking the baskets?
Leiviska: Leave ’em how they are. People enjoy watching discs go in the basket.
UWDG: What improvements do you think need to be made in disc golf media to reach new audiences and make the game more consumable, profitable, and popular?
Leiviska: Honestly, Jomez Pro is pushing the envelope so far in such a short amount of time — and the game is snowballing in popularity — all we need to do is enjoy it for what it is and be patient. I hear this all the time, “There’s no money in disc golf.” Tell that to the disc manufacturers and course designers. Tell that to Paul McBeth and Ricky Wysocki.
Disc Golf is slowly becoming a worldwide phenomenon. There are millions of people playing the game. I have seen the growth tenfold since I started playing in 2001. When the game is going to make it on ESPN regularly is not something I worry about. I know how important and positively life-changing disc golf can be for people, and it’s only a matter of time before it will be visually consumed by the masses.
Until then, give your support and appreciation to your favorite players, or the founders of your local scene who paved the way for us to do what we love. And do what you can do to leave the game better then you found it. The rest will take care of itself.
UWDG: Do you have a favorite round to watch on YouTube?
Leiviska: My favorite round to watch is whatever the latest tournament that was played and uploaded by Jomez, Central Coast Disc Golf, or Par Save Productions. It is amazing how far the media has progressed since I began playing. I watched the 2003 National Tour DVD a hundred times because that was the only film I had when I started. The kids just finding the game nowadays have it made!
UWDG: What is your favorite disc golf-related memory?
Leiviska: Man, I’ve had so many life-changing experiences because of this game it’s hard to choose. I would have to say taking a five week tour across Europe back in the summer of 2011 with some great friends competing and playing in seven countries. I’m still blown away when I think of all the places I’ve been to because of this game. I wish I would have journaled much more than I did.
UWDG: Are there any aspects of your game that you are working to develop and improve, even at this point in your career?
Leiviska: Of course! 2018 is the first year that I used the power grip for all of my driver shots. My whole career I fan gripped every shot until I put some work in at the Sports Dome this past winter and got comfortable with it.
My putt is always a work in progress. I used to spin putt everything and now am predominantly a push putter. I know that I can still improve myself in both areas, and I try to soak up experience like a sponge so I will always be developing my brain until I throw my last frisbee.
UWDG: You get a disc golf genie to grant you three wishes for the game, what are they?
Leiviska: I’d like to have an ace per round, a 2019 World Championship, and to have someone say that I was a good ambassador and left the game better than I found it.
UWDG: You have 3 discs, 3 card mates, and a course. What are the discs, who are the card mates, and what’s the course?
Leiviska: Oooooh…with my H3, M4, and Pa3, I’m battling with Ricky, McBeth, and Ken Climo at Kenny’s home course in Florida. To be the best, you gotta beat the best.
|
Converge, IoT analytics to track device performance and user interaction - raphaelscheps
http://cnvrg.co/
======
gtf21
Hi all, I'm one of the cofounders of Converge. We're really excited about
working to make it easier for anyone building IOT (or other connected)
hardware to keep track of how their devices are performing (system load,
network latency, etc.) as well as how their users are interacting with the
devices. We'd love to hear from any hardware people about the sort of stuff
you might be interested in tracking, or how you're already doing it if you
are!
|
The City and the World and Other Stories eBook
The Cross was close to him now. With his new
spiritual vision he saw that in form it was One like
himself, but One with eyes that were soft and mild
and full of tenderness, with arms outstretched and
nail-prints like glittering gems upon them, with a
wounded side and out from it a flood pouring which
cooled the parched sands, so that from them the flowers
sprang up, full panoplied in color, form and beauty,
and sweetly smelling. Around The Flaming Cross
fluttered countless wings, and childish voices made
melody, soft and harmonious beyond all compare.
All else that Orville ever knew vanished before the
glance of the Beloved; faces and forms dearest and
nearest, old haunts and older affections, all were
melted into this One Great Love that is Eternal.
The outstretched arms were wrapped around them.
The blood from the wounded side washed all their pains
from them. On their foreheads fell the Kiss of
Peace, and Orville and Michael had come home.
THE VICAR-GENERAL
The Vicar-General was dead. With his long, white
hair smoothed back, he lay upon a silk pillow, his
hands clasped over a chalice upon his breast.
He was clad in priestly vestments; and he looked, as
he lay in his coffin before the great altar with the
candles burning on it, as if he were just ready to
arise and begin a new "Introibo" in Heaven.
The bells of the church wherein the Vicar-General lay
asleep had called his people all the morning in a
sad and solemn tolling. The people had come,
as sad and solemn as the bells. They were gathered
about the bier of their pastor. Priests from far
and near had chanted the Office of the Dead; the Requiem
Mass was over, and the venerable chief of the diocese,
the Bishop himself, stood in cope and mitre, to give
the last Absolution.
[Illustration: “The Bishop himself stood
in cope and mitre to give the last absolution.”]
The Bishop had loved the Vicar-General—had
loved him as a brother. For was it not the Vicar-General
who had bidden His Lordship welcome, when he came
from his distant parish to take up the cares of a
diocese. With all the timidity of a stranger,
the Bishop had feared; but the Vicar-General guided
his steps safely and well. Now the Bishop, gazing
at the white, venerable face, remembered—and
wept. In the midst of the Absolution, his voice
broke. Priests bit their lips, as their eyes
filled with hot tears; but the Sisters who taught in
the parochial school and their little charges, did
not attempt to keep back their sobs. For others
than the Bishop loved the Vicar-General. |
INTRODUCTION
============
Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to present to the emergency department (ED). An acute coronary syndrome (ACS) needs to be distinguished from a variety of other cardiac and non cardiac diseases that may cause chest pain. In a number of cases, a diagnosis can be made quickly, in particular in case of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, STEMI patients represent only a small percentage of all chest pain patients in this setting. A variety of other diseases may mimic ACS, such as pleural and pericardial irritations, gastro-intestinal reflux, pulmonary embolism, hyperventilation, musculoskeletal pain and cholecystitis \[[@R1]-[@R3]\].
The challenge in the ED is not only to identify patients at the highest risk, but also to identify patients with non-urgent diseases or even the absence of disease. These patients may be discharged immediately with minimal testing or intervention. Clearly, when treated as ACS, the latter will be prone to unnecessary risks of various treatments, including the side effects of medication or radiation. In addition, this causes the occupation of hospital beds through admission of such patients and associated increase in medical costs. With the population's increasing age and advancing medical techniques, healthcare costs are a critical issue in many countries. Awareness of these costs as well as treatment risks is necessary before considering a certain strategy for the individual patient \[[@R2]\].
Regarding patients with ACS, the diagnosis is confirmed in the vast majority of cases where significant ECG changes such as STEMI and/or increased levels of myocardial markers in plasma are present. However, absence of such abnormalities doesn't exclude ACS. Therefore, the diagnosis of ACS is felt to be difficult to exclude in the early stage of the diagnostic process. It is important to make the diagnosis quickly, as patients benefit significantly from early treatment \[[@R3]\]. With this perspective in mind and the possible life threatening character of ACS, guidelines for chest pain patients are mainly focussed on the identification of those patients at the highest risk of an ACS. High risk patients will benefit most from early aggressive therapies. With this approach, the current guidelines disregard the many chest pain patients with a wide selection of non-urgent diagnoses in whom admission is not necessary.
Risk Scores
-----------
Several scoring methods are developed in order to distinguish patients in the ED or coronary care unit at the highest risk of an ACS or an adverse outcome, who may benefit most from aggressive therapies.
PURSUIT
=======
The PURSUIT score (2000) was developed in a multinational randomized clinical trial (Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin (eptifibatide) Therapy), with 9,461 patients, comparing eptifibatide (Integrilin) to placebo in the management of Unstable Angina (UA) or NonST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) \[[@R4]\]. By use of multivariate regression analysis the investigators identified seven risk predictors for death and myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Five of these risk factors were then combined into a scoring system: higher age, sex, worst Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class of angina, signs of heart failure and ST-segment depression on the index ECG. The investigators did not include tachycardia and low systolic blood pressure in the final risk score (Table **[I](#T1){ref-type="table"}**). Scoring each of the five elements results in a possible score ranging from 1 to 18. The PURSUIT score predicts the risk of death or death/MI at 30 days after admission. According to the PURSUIT score ACS patients are divided into low, intermediate and high risk patients, with suggested therapies of early discharge, "watchful waiting" and aggressive antiplatelet / early invasive strategies respectively. The c-statistic of the original study for predicting the primary endpoint was 0.84 for death alone and 0.67 for the composite endpoint of death/MI.
TIMI
====
The TIMI risk score (2000) is derived from the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-11B trial, a multinational, randomized clinical trial, comparing unfractionated heparin to enoxaparin, which included all patients with confirmed ACS \[[@R5]\]. Data from 1,957 patients enrolled in the unfractionated heparin group were used to identify twelve elements of typical ACS findings by use of multivariate regression analysis. Seven of these elements remained statistically significant in a multivariate analysis. Together these seven elements compose the TIMI score for unstable angina/NSTEMI: age ≥ 65 years, ≥3 classical risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), known CAD, use of Aspirin in the past 7 days, severe angina in the past 24 hours, elevated cardiac markers and ST-deviation ≥ 0.5 mm (Table **[II](#T2){ref-type="table"}**). Each of these elements can be assigned with 0 or 1 points, resulting in a score of 0-7. The TIMI score predicts the risk of all cause mortality, MI and severe recurrent ischemia requiring urgent revascularization within 14 days after admission as well as benefit of enoxaparin. Event rates increased significantly with increasing TIMI-scores. According to the TIMI score patients are divided into low (score 0-2), intermediate (score 3-4) and high (score 5-7) risk categories. The c-statistic of the TIMI score in the original trial was 0.65. The TIMI score was validated internally and externally in the enoxaparin group of the TIMI 11B trial and in both groups of the ESSENCE trial \[[@R5]\]. This validation showed comparable results with a mean c-statistic of 0.63. In addition the TIMI score is validated in several other databases and was compared with other scoring systems \[[@R6]-[@R8]\]. In various succeeding trials the TIMI risk score was applied in analyzing treatment efficacy in various ACS risk groups.
GRACE
=====
The GRACE score (2003) was developed in a multinational registry of 11,389 ACS patients (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) \[[@R9],[@R10]\]. Registration was performed prospectively and retrospectively. Patients who died within 24 hour after admission were excluded. After data collection, by use of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the investigators identified eight independent risk factors for in-hospital death and post-discharge death at 6 months. These risk factors were then combined into a scoring system, consisting of hemodynamic, laboratory, ECG and patient specific findings: Killip class for congestive heart failure (CHF), systolic blood pressure at presentation (SBP), heart rate at presentation (HR), age, creatinine level, cardiac arrest at admission, ST-segment deviation on the index ECG and elevated cardiac enzyme levels. Each element has its own scoring, resulting in a possible score ranging from 1 to 372 (Table **[III](#T3){ref-type="table"}**).
Event rates increased significantly with increasing GRACE-scores, ranging from ≤0.2% to ≥52% chance of in-hospital death. The investigators did not divide patients into different risk categories. However, the individual risk of in-hospital death may be used for optimal triage and management.
The c-statistic of the GRACE score in the original database was 0.83. The GRACE score was directly validated in a subsequent cohort of 3,972 patients and in 12,142 patients enrolled in the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO)-IIb trial \[[@R11]\]. This validation showed comparable results with c-statistic results of 0.84 and 0.79 respectively. The c-statistics were similar for patients with (0.83) and without (0.82) ST segment deviation, with (0.81) and without (0.83) elevated cardiac markers and for patients younger than 65 years (0.78) or older than 65 years of age (0.82).
In addition, the GRACE score has been validated in several other databases \[[@R9]\] and was compared with other scoring systems in various succeeding trials \[[@R6]-[@R8]\].
FRISC
=====
The FRISC score (2004) is based on the FRISC (Fast Revascularisation in Instability in Coronary disease) II trial \[[@R12]\]. A multicenter, randomized clinical trial, which included patients with unstable coronary artery disease. By use of multivariate regression analysis data from 1,235 patients enrolled in the non-invasive cohort were used to identify seven parameters as independent predictors of death/MI in patients with unstable angina. Together these seven parameters compose the FRISC score, consisting of age ≥ 70 years, male gender, diabetes, previous MI, ST-segment depression on admission, elevated levels of Troponin and elevated levels of Interleukin 6 or CRP (Table **[IV](#T4){ref-type="table"}**). Each of these elements can be appreciated with 0 or 1 points, resulting in a score of 0-7. The c-statistic of the FRISC score for the prediction of death was 0.77 and for death/MI 0.70. Using different age cut offs had only minimal effect on the accuracy. Use of CRP alone instead of CRP and Interleukin-6 decreased the c-statistics to 0.76 and 0.68 respectively.
Patients were categorized into low, intermediate and high risk, based on the FRISC scores of 0-2, 3-4 and 5-7. The FRISC score is the only risk score that focussed on the treatment effect of early invasive strategies in ACS. To evaluate this effect the developed risk score was also performed on the invasive cohort with 1,222 patients. In the high risk group mortality reduced from 15.4 -- 5.2%, while the composite endpoint of death and MI was reduced in both intermediate and high risk groups. Therefore, investigators recommended early invasive strategies for patients with a FRISC score ≥ 3.
HEART
=====
Recently (2008), the HEART risk score was developed for chest pain patients presenting to the ED \[[@R13],[@R14]\]. The composition of the HEART score was not based on multivariate regression analysis but on the decision making clinical factors according to expert opinion. The HEART score is composed of five parameters of clinical judgement: History, ECG, Age, Risk factors and Troponin. By appreciating each of these five elements with 0, 1 or 2 each patient patients will receive a score of 0-10 (Table **[V](#T5){ref-type="table"}**).
The HEART score was consecutively validated in a single center retrospective study in 122 patients \[[@R13]\] and a multicenter retrospective investigation in 880 patients \[[@R14]\]. These studies were conducted in all patients presenting to the ED for chest pain within the first quarter of 2006. No other inclusion or exclusion criteria were used. The investigators calculated the predictive value of the HEART score for the combined endpoint of MI, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) or death within 6 weeks after presentation.
Event rates increased significantly with increasing HEART scores. The c-statistic was 0.90, indicating good to excellent discriminative power. The HEART score divides patients into low (0-3), intermediate (4-6) or high risk groups (7-10), with mean risks of an event of 0.9%, 12% and 65%, respectively. Consequently, an evidence-based decision may be made to discharge the patient from the ED or to admit for clinical observation or immediate aggressive therapies.
In addition, the HEART score is currently being validated in a multicenter prospective study in 2440 patients at 10 hospitals. Follow up will be finalised by the end of the year 2010.
Clinical Practice
-----------------
Chest pain patients in the ED create uncertainty for all treating physicians. The decision to discharge a patient where ACS cannot be excluded may result in a serious life-threatening outcome, while on the other hand, admission in case of atypical chest pain can lead to unnecessary medical treatment and costs. Risk score models may help the physician in making a timely decision in the emergency setting. In clinical practice, simple risk scores may be favourable, in particular when they can be calculated at the patient's bedside.
For several years, researchers tried to develop a risk score for chest pain patients. Most of these risk scores have turned out to be difficult to use, require the use of a computer and, more importantly, are only validated for a selected group of patients such as STEMI or non-STEMI patients in the coronary care unit. The main purpose of all these risk scores was not to make a diagnosis, but to identify the subset of high risk ACS patients who are likely to benefit most from aggressive therapies.
For NSTE-ACS, several risk scores have been developed and validated in large patient populations. Most useful are the PURSUIT \[[@R4]\], TIMI \[[@R5]\] and \[[@R6]\] GRACE \[[@R9],[@R10]\] risk scores, which were compared by De Araújo Gonçalves6 and Yan \[[@R7]\]. Despite the firm scientific basis for all three scoring systems and the recommendations in the guidelines, none is widely applied in clinical practice.
There is a clear difference in approach to patients admitted at the coronary care unit and patients presenting to the ED with suspected ACS. In "real life", as experienced by every physician, the whole range of chest pain patients presenting to the ED runs from atypical chest pain to acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, the ideal risk score is capable of identifying patients at both ends of the spectrum.
Applicability Per Score
-----------------------
The PURSUIT study was conducted before the general introduction of the troponin assay. This crucial test, which is now generally applied, was not included in the PURSUIT score. This is one of the reasons why the score has not found its place in routine clinical practice. Another objection is that the PURSUIT score is determined for more than 50% by the age of the patient. Not surprisingly, higher ages of patients accompany higher mortality rates. This knowledge does not help the clinician to make better decisions in the emergency setting. The PURSUIT score has good predictive power for death alone (c-statistic 0.84), but rather poor predictive power for the combined endpoint of death/MI (c-statistic 0.67).
The c-statistic of the TIMI score is 0.65 for the combined endpoint, indicating poor predictive power, but its simplicity makes it more useful than other scores. Even though the TIMI score is simple to calculate, it allows only binary choices, thereby ignoring the fact that many variables have "grey levels".
The GRACE risk score has a good discriminative power with a c-statistic of 0.83. However, the complexity of the system requires special calculating tools to estimate risk at the bedside. Like the PURSUIT score, the GRACE score is determined to a large extent by the age of the patient, an element that holds only indirect evidence of coronary artery disease. Unfortunately, the GRACE investigators do not divide patients into different risk groups, making it less easy for the physician to interpret a patient's individual score.
The FRISC score is quite comparable to the TIMI score, with a c-statistic of 0.70 for the combined endpoint, indicating only moderate discriminative power. The FRISC score is simple to calculate, but again allows only binary choices.
Furthermore, none of the scores emphasizes the value of patient history, despite the fact that clinicians rely heavily on this aspect. The clinical judgement of the treating physician will already divide patients into low, intermediate and high risk groups for an adverse event. Without doubt, clinicians have developed strong competence in patient selection, not requiring complex algorithms and computer based calculating tools. Therefore, the ideal risk score closely follows this clinical reasoning. Based on general impression, patient history, ECG characteristics, risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis and levels of cardiac markers, a quick estimation can be made of the individual patient's risk.
Newly Developed Risk Score
--------------------------
The HEART risk score was specifically developed for chest pain patients presenting to the ED. The HEART score encloses each of the previous mentioned parameters of clinical judgement: History, ECG, Age, Risk factors and Troponin levels. The HEART score translates the clinical judgement into a uniformly comprehensive number of 0-10.
Using the HEART score as guidance in the treatment of chest pain patients will clearly result in benefits for patients on both sides of the spectrum. The risk of MACE in patients with a HEART score ≤3 is 0.9%, 12% in patients with HEART score 4-6 and 65% in patients with a HEART score ≥ 7 (Fig. **[1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}**) \[[@R14]\].
Well known markers of increased risk, such as higher age, presence of risk factors and history of coronary atherosclerosis, are all incorporated in the HEART score. The combination of the five elements will allow for a more firmly based decision, mainly in cases of atypical presentation or absence of ECG abnormalities.
Compared with other risk scores, the HEART score is superior in terms of both simplicity and predictive power, not only for patients at high risk but also those patients at low risk for ACS (Table **[VI](#T6){ref-type="table"}**). Therefore it is quite useful for bedside clinical practice.
CONCLUSION
==========
Previously developed risk scores for chest pain patients are designed to identify the subgroup of ACS patients in the CCU who are at the highest risk of an adverse event. Most of the described risk scores were developed after identification of those risk factors which were independently associated with the primary endpoint, usually death and/or MI. Statistically, these scores have a firm basis. However, the selection of parameters and their individual weighting make them less applicable in the bedside setting. The recently developed HEART score for chest pain patients in the ED closely follows clinical reasoning. Therefore, it is far more applicable to the whole range of chest pain in the emergency setting. The HEART score appears a strong predictor of event free survival on one hand and potentially life threatening cardiac events on the other hand. A direct comparison of the various risk scores within one clinical study is desirable.
![Probability of reaching a MACE in each HEART category \[[@R14]\].](CCR-7-2_F1){#F1}
######
Composition of the PURSUIT Risk Score for Unstable Angina
------------------------------ -------------------- ---
Age (decade) 50 8
60 9
70 11
80 12
Sex Male 1
Female 0
Worst CCS class past 6 weeks No angina/CCS I/II 0
CCS III/IV 2
Signs of heart failure 2
ST depression on ECG 1
**Total**
------------------------------ -------------------- ---
######
Composition of the TIMI Score for Unstable Angina / Non-ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)
------------------------------ ---
**Historical**
Age ≥ 65 years 0
1
≥ 3 risk factors for CAD 0
1
Known CAD (stenosis ≥ 50%) 0
1
ASA use in past 7 days 0
1
**Presentation**
Recent (≤ 24H) severe angina 0
1
↑ cardiac markers 0
1
ST deviation ≥ 0.5 mm 0
1
**Total**
------------------------------ ---
CAD = Coronary artery disease, ASA = Acetyl Salicylic Acid
######
Composition of the GRACE Score (2003)
--
--
######
Composition of the FRISC Risk Score for Unstable Angina
------------------------------- ---
Age ≥ 70 years 0
1
Male sex 0
1
Diabetes 0
1
Previous MI 0
1
ST depression on ECG 0
1
Elevated Troponin levels 0
1
Elevated Interleukin 6 or CRP 0
1
**Total**
------------------------------- ---
######
Composition of the HEART Score for Chest Pain Patients in the Emergency Department.
HEART Score for Chest Pain Patients
----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- ---
**[H]{.ul}istory** Highly suspicious 2
Moderately suspicious 1
Slightly suspicious 0
**[E]{.ul}CG** Significant ST-depression 2
Non specific repolarisation disturbance 1
Normal 0
**[A]{.ul}ge** ≥ 65 year 2
45 -- 65 year 1
≤ 45 year 0
**[R]{.ul}iskfactors** ≥ 3 risk factors or history of atherosclerotic disease 2
1 or 2 risk factors 1
No risk factors known 0
**[T]{.ul}roponin** ≥ 3x normal limit 2
1-3x normal limit 1
≤ normal limit 0
**Total**
######
Summary of Clinical Risk Scores for ACS, Modified After Morrow \[[@R15]\].
PURSUIT TIMI GRACE FRISC HEART
------------------------ --------- ------ ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
**Key elements** 5 7 8 7 5
Age X X X X X
Gender X X
Prior MI/CAD X X X
DM, CRF's X X X
Symptoms/History X X X
Use of aspirin X
Weight
HR X
SBP X
CHF/Killip class X X
ECG X X X X X
CKMB/cTn X X X X
Serum Cr X
Serum Interl-6/CRP X X
Cardiac Arrest
**Possible max score** 18 7 372 7 10
**c-statistic** 0.84 0.67 0.65 0.83 0.77 0.70 0.90
**Computer needed** Yes
PURSUIT = Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin (eptifibatide) Therapy, TIMI = Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction, GRACE = Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events, FRISC = Fast Revascularisation in Instability in Coronary disease, HEART = History ECG Age Risk Factors Troponin, UA = Unstable Angina, NSTEMI = Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, ACS = Acute Coronary Syndrome MI = Myocardial Infarction, CAD = Coronary Artery Disease, DM = Diabetes Mellitus, CRF's = Cardiac Risk Factors, HR = Heart Rate, SBP = Systolic Blood Pressure, CHF = Congestive Heart Failure, ECG = Electrocardiogram, CKMB = Creatininfosfokinase MB, cTn = cardiac Troponin, Serum Cr = Serum Creatinin, Serum Interl-6 = Serum Interleukin-6, CRP = C-Reactive Protein.
|
[The role of early protein restriction in patients with initial renal insufficiency].
The effect of early protein restriction (0.6 g:kg/p.i./die) in patients suffering from initial kidney failure for a period of two years has been studied. The hypoprotein diet proved effective in slowing development of kidney damage in so far as a stabilization was observed in renal function parameters during the hypoprotein diet period compared to the non-diet period. |
For any one who has ever for a moment been pensive about the fate of Laurel while retrieving a bay leaf from a stew or a sauce.
[…] So what
did she become as she branched into prayer
to escape Apollo's too fleshlike clutch?
I ponder this as I sift the thickened stew
for the still undissolved bit of her, that forever
inedible leaf.
Richard Foerster ends "Daphne" thus after having enthralled us through the preparations of the stew
[…] I let slip
a bay leaf into the scent-swirl—
an embraising of onions in oil, crushed
garlic and thyme, some pepper
ground like a primal shower atop
the seared cubes before the last essential
alchemizing cup of wine … |
Film Society of Lincoln Center Presents ‘Nymphomaniac,’ ‘Only Lovers Left Alive,’ and 9 Other First Run Films
Film Society of Lincoln Center Presents 'Nymphomaniac,' 'Only Lovers Left Alive,' and 9 Other First Run Films
Spring is coming, and with it the end of the winter film doldrums. Appropriately, the Film Society of Lincoln Center plans to present 11 first run films over the next three months.
The new series kicks off February 28 with “Fatal Assistance,” Haitian-born filmmaker Raoul Peck’s look at the challenge of rebuilding post-earthquake Haiti.
The run will continue in March with the Valeria Golino’s Cannes (Un Certain Regard) film “Honey,” about a woman who smuggles a powerful barbiturate from Mexico to assist the suicide of the terminally ill; Japanese director Sion Sono’s films “Guilty of Romance” and “Himizu;” Freida Mock’s Anita Hill documentary “Anita;” and Lars von Trier’s much-anticipated “Nymphomaniac, VOL I.”
“Nymphomaniac, VOL II” will follow in April, along with Singapore’s Foreign Language Film submission “Ilo Ilo” and Jim Jarmusch’s vampire movie, “Only Lovers Left Alive,” which will also be part of a retrospective including all 11 of Jarmusch’s features.
The final films scheduled are all 2013 fall festival favorites: “Palo Alto,” the directorial debut of Gia Coppola based on the short stories by James Franco; Lukas Moodysson’s 13-year-old girl punk band movie “We Are the Best!”; and “Policeman,” an Israeli film following an elite anti-terrorism group and wealthy young anarchists.
Click here for more details. New York cinephiles: mark your schedules accordingly. |
define rabbitmq::policy (
$pattern,
$definition,
$vhost = '/',
$priority = 0,
) {
exec { "rabbitmq policy: ${title}":
command => "rabbitmqctl set_policy -p ${vhost} '${name}' '${pattern}' '${definition}' ${priority}",
unless => "rabbitmqctl list_policies | grep -qE '^${vhost}\\s+${name}\\s+${pattern}\\s+${definition}\\s+${priority}$'",
path => ['/bin','/sbin','/usr/bin','/usr/sbin'],
require => Class['rabbitmq::service'],
before => Anchor['rabbitmq::end']
}
}
|
Differential activation of nuclear transcription factor kappaB, gene expression, and proteins by amifostine's free thiol in human microvascular endothelial and glioma cells.
The effects of WR1065 (SH), the free thiol form of amifostine, on nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NFkappaB) activation, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene expression, and secretion of human vascular endothelial cell growth factor (hVEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, P-selectin, and interleukins IL-1alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 were investigated and compared in human microvascular endothelial (HMEC) and human glioma cells. WR1065 was evaluated at 2 concentrations, 4 mmol/L, ie, its most effective cytoprotective dose, and 40 micromol/L, a noncytoprotective but highly effective dose capable of preventing radiation and chemotherapeutic drug-induced mutations in exposed cells. A 30-minute exposure of HMEC and glioma cell lines U87 and U251 to WR1065 at either of the concentrations resulted in a marked activation of NFkappaB as determined by a gel shift assay, with the maximum effect observed between 30 minutes and 1 hour after treatment. Using a supershift assay, WR1065 exposure was observed to affect only the p50-p65 heterodimer, and not the homodimers or heterodimers containing p52 or c-Rel subunits of NFkappaB. WR1065 was also found to enhance MnSOD gene expression in both HMEC and glioma cells. Gene expression was enhanced 1.8-fold over control levels in HMEC over a period ranging from 12 to 24 hours after the time of maximum activation of NFkappaB. In contrast, MnSOD gene expression in U87 cells rose 3.5 times above control levels over this same period. WR1065 had no effect on the levels of adhesion molecules, cytokines, and growth factors secreted by cells exposed for up to 24 hours as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. |
Q:
svg - inside is not visible in FF and Safari
I am trying to figure out why text inside <tspan> are not visible in FF (v31) and Safari (in Chrome it works). Code which generates texts:
var year_elements_text = document.createElementNS(NS, "text");
year_elements_text.setAttribute('x', String((i * year_all_elements_width) + rect_width + (line_width / 2)) + "px");
year_elements_text.setAttribute('y', String(text_starting_point) + 'px');
year_elements_text.setAttribute('style', 'text-anchor: middle');
year_elements_text.innerHTML = '<tspan>' + String(starting_year + i) + '</tspan>';
g_tl.appendChild(year_elements_text);
Full code is here (jsfiddle).
Without <tspan> in works in Chrome and FF, but doesn't in Safari.
Funny thing: <tspan> example from MDN doesn't work in FF: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Element/tspan
A:
You shouldn't use innerHTML in an SVG document. Create the tspan and use textContent to set the text...
var year_elements_text_tspan = document.createElementNS(NS, "tspan");
year_elements_text_tspan.textContent = String(starting_year + i);
year_elements_text.appendChild(year_elements_text_tspan);
g_tl.appendChild(year_elements_text);
http://jsfiddle.net/e834s5L6/
|
3 Myths About Rebound Headaches (Miracle Moment Episode)
The MIGRAINE MIRACLE MOMENT: “3 Myths About Rebound Headache”Links mentioned:MIGRAI-NEVERLAND, our premier resource for those who want to find their pill free path to migraine freedom: mymigrainemiracle.com/endofmigraine Full archive of Miracle Moment episodes can be found at mymigrainemiracle.com/moment7 Warning Signs You're Having Rebound Headaches: mymigrainemiracle.com/reboundFind amazing and inspiring Migraine Miracle success stories, and download the guide to getting started at beastslayers.com 11 Drug Free Ways To End A Migraine: mymigrainemiracle.com/drugfreePRIMAL PROVISIONS, our Migraine Miracle meal planning service: mymigrainemiracle.com/primalprovisions PRIMAL PROVISIONS Recipe of the Week (Taco Burger with Lime Guacamole): mymigrainemiracle.com/tacoburgerThe book that started it all – The Migraine Miracle: https://www.amazon.com/Migraine-Miracle-Sugar-Free-Gluten-Free-Inflammation/dp/1608828751Migraine Miracle Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/899131986822364I'll be live with another episode Wednesday, Sept. 20 at 2:30pm Eastern time, and be on the lookout for some shorter episodes in between!Please feel free to leave questions related to our topic in the comments section, and “like” any questions you see in the comments that you'd like answered (popular questions will be the subject of future episodes).“Share” this episode with anyone you think may benefit.#slaythebeast
[00:00:13] Hi everyone out there in MIGRAINE MIRACLE land. Welcome to the Migraine Miracle Moment. [5.7]
[00:00:19] I’m your host Dr. Josh Turknett. I’m a neurologist, a migraine specialist, migraine sufferer, and author of the book The Migraine Miracle, and the mission of this show the Miracle Moment is to help you find your path to migraine freedom without pills. [15.8]
[00:00:36] And in today’s episode I’m going to be sharing with you the three myths about rebound headaches. [6.2]
[00:00:43] So in the last two episodes we covered the “3 pillars of migraine freedom” and as a reminder those 3 pillars are 1) eliminating mismatched foods and behaviors by eating and living in a way that’s appropriate for a human, 2) establishing metabolic flexibility which is achieved largely through the elimination of processed foods and refined carbohydrates, and the third pillar eliminating rebound headaches. [29.2]
[00:01:13] And if you missed either of those two episodes you can find them in their entirety along with the full written transcript at mymigrainemiracle/moment. And that’s also linked in the show notes. [12.0]
[00:01:26] And today we’ll be exploring the topic of rebound headaches further. Specifically I’m going to cover 3 myths that commonly surround this subject, including the one myth that I think by far serves as the biggest hidden barrier to continued progression along the timeline of migraine freedom for most people. [20.4]
[00:01:47] And the reason I spend so much time talking about this subject and the reason I’m covering it today is because number one it’s such an enormous problem and number two it’s so often overlooked and neglected, and so many times it serves as a hidden barrier to progress. [18.6]
[00:02:06] As I said before even folks who are aware on some level of the concept of rebound headaches typically don’t appreciate the full spectrum of the impact of the abortive medications. And that was definitely true for me until fairly recently. [14.5]
[00:02:21] And I know the amazing things that can happen when you adopt the migraine miracle plan. And so one of the primary goals of this show is to try to eliminate any barriers that would prevent you from experiencing all those amazing things. [15.2]
[00:02:37] Speaking of experiencing amazing things with the Migraine Miracle plan let’s first celebrate our Beast Slayer of the Week. And so in each episode of The Miracle Moment we highlight somebody in our community who has recently dealt a mighty blow to the beast. [17.6]
[00:02:55] And this week it is April S. And this quote comes from our Facebook group. [7.6]
[00:03:03] April says “I brought Migraine Miracle to my last appointment and my records showing I went 45 days without a migraine, had weaned myself off of propranolol and down to one headache a week. [12.7]
[00:03:16] “She was so impressed she took a picture of the book to get her daughter. I was grain free and super low sugar before finding Migraine Miracle, but needed the additional strategies and supplements to quote get over the hump. [11.0]
[00:03:28] “So besides the fact that April here is doing really well – she’s going 45 days migraine free she’s weaned off one preventative and so on – she’s also sharing these results with her doctor, and her doctor here is not only receptive to what she’s doing but she wanted to share it with her own daughter as well. [17.9]
[00:03:47] And I know some people can be apprehensive about discussing these sorts of things with their doctor, but trust me the vast majority of my colleagues will be more than happy to hear of anything you’re doing for your migraines that’s making a positive difference. [15.1]
[00:04:02] Most docs are well aware that the conventional treatments that we have available are inadequate for a large number of people, which is a frustrating place to be in it when your job is to make people feel better. [12.6]
[00:04:15] So when you’re doing something that gets results unlike anything they’ve seen before in a condition like migraine that’s notoriously difficult to treat, then they’ll usually be more than happy to learn about it. And sharing your results with your doctor is also a great way to spread the message to others. [15.5]
[00:04:32] You can look for example at what happened with the gluten free movement. 10 years ago, hardly any of my colleagues could tell you even what gluten was or much less anything about gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. [17.1]
[00:04:49] Yet now many of them will routinely advise a trial of a gluten free diet for patients with a variety of intractable symptoms, and that change has has almost been entirely brought about by patients sharing their results with their doctors, in this case sharing the improvements they’ve had with a gluten free diet. [18.8]
[00:05:09] And that’s unlike the way things used to be where everything you know in medicine was top down. In other words the doctors learn something new from a journal or a new study or new guidelines put out by some medical governing body and then they would bring that to the patients. Nowadays patients are educating their doctors more than ever before. [19.7]
[00:05:29] And it’s the most effective way I think to bring about the changes that we all wish to see in health care. So kudos for April our Beast Slayer of the Week for sharing the Migraine Miracle plan and sharing her results with her doctor her. That simple action will likely help dozens or more people. [16.6]
[00:05:46] And for more inspiring stories of people who are now winning their battle against the migraine beast after years of struggle, head over to beastslayers.com. You can find that length in the show notes. [11.4]
[00:05:59] All right. So now it’s time for our main topic of discussion, which is the 3 Myths of Rebound Headaches. [7.2]
[00:06:06] So as I mentioned earlier rebound headaches and the negative impact of migraine medications in general is both an under-recognized and widely misunderstood issue. So in this episode I’m going to try to help clarify those misunderstandings a little further. [15.7]
[00:06:23] So the first myth of rebound headaches is that it’s only limited to one or two types of medications. I touched on this a little bit in the last episode on rebound but it’s worth repeating because it’s a question that comes up quite a bit. [14.8]
[00:06:38] And the mistake that I often see. So most people are familiar with rebound are probably aware that they can be caused by the triptan medications. [9.7]
[00:06:48] So the triptans are, for those of you don’t know, a class of eight different medications whose generic name all in the word “triptan. [7.9]
[00:06:56] The original one was sumatriptan which goes also by Imitrex as the brand name, and they’re specifically targeted towards migraine. And not surprisingly in many cases of rebound are a result of triptans since they’re one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for migraines. [16.1]
[00:07:13] And then probably the two the other two most common drugs that cause rebound are the combination analgesics, so things like Fioricet and Fiorinal here in the States, which combine caffeine with either acetaminophen or aspirin, and then butalbital which is a sedative. [21.7]
[00:07:35] And then the other type of medication would be the opiates or narcotic medications, which are the morphine derivatives like hydrocodone and oxycodone. Now the American Academy of Neurology strongly advise against using of the either of those two drugs for migraine patients – the combination pills or the opiates – and for good reason. [24.8]
[00:08:01] They both have the evil combination of number one not being especially effective against migraine, and then number two greatly increasing the vulnerability to future migraines. [11.1]
[00:08:12] And so why is that such an evil combination? Because people who take these are more likely going to need to take more for any given migraines since they don’t work all that well, and then it takes only a very little amount of them for people to end up in very bad shape with rebound. [15.2]
[00:08:28] So most people are aware that triptans can cause rebound and some are aware that these combination pills and the narcotics can do it as well. And those three are all prescription only drugs. [11.6]
[00:08:40] But the other important point is that any of the over-the-counter medications that are taken for migraine will also contribute. [7.0]
[00:08:48] So here’s a list of the drugs that we commonly encounter as causing rebound headaches. So this includes also aspirin. non-steroidal medications like ibuprofen, and acetaminophen or Tylenol, as well as other over-the-counter combination pills that are available. [23.1]
[00:09:12] Probably the most common ones that we see are Excedrin and Goody powder. And I see tons of people who are in really bad shape because of one of those. [9.7]
[00:09:22] And one of the reasons I bring this up is that very often during an encounter I’ll ask a patient you know about the medications they’re taking, and they may say that they’re hardly taking anything or they’re taking nothing at all. But in a surprising number of instances when I dig a little bit deeper I find that they’re not only taking an over-the-counter medication like Excedrin or ibuprofen or goody powder and so on, but many times they’re taking it nearly daily or daily. [29.3]
[00:09:52] And this after having just said that they are not taking anything. [3.4]
[00:09:56] So I think this just reflects a common bias towards thinking that the over-the-counter medications are somewhat benign or should be treated differently than prescription medications. And so they don’t really count the same. [12.8]
[00:10:09] But for our purposes here they absolutely do. [3.1]
[00:10:12] So don’t make the mistake of thinking they’re somehow less significant than the prescription medications. [5.4]
[00:10:19] So that’s the first myth. [0.9]
[00:10:20] The second myth is that only drugs or medications can help a migraine. [4.5]
[00:10:25] So it’s no secret that we live in a pill happy culture. We’ve been sold on the idea that modern medicines or pills will hold the solutions to our health problems. [10.5]
[00:10:36] But as we’ve learned in the vast majority of cases, they’re a crude and imprecise tool with all sorts of unintended consequences that we can’t even predict. And one of those unintended consequences when it comes to the migraine abortive medications is that each dose renders us more vulnerable to future headaches, and that effect adds up the more we take them. [22.9]
[00:10:59] So they may help in the short term but it renders us more vulnerable in the long term. [4.2]
[00:11:04] And this kind of pill first most men mentality is so pervasive that many of us don’t even see it. We can’t conceive that there could be other options besides medications. [10.4]
[00:11:15] And of course if you believe that medicines are the only option then naturally that’s what you’ll reach for each and every time the beast visits, which is one of the reasons we now find ourselves in an epidemic of chronic migraine. [13.0]
[00:11:29] But of course if you want to get out of rebound and if you want to minimize the need for medications in general then having strategies for helping and relieving a migraine that doesn’t involve the drug is extremely beneficial. [13.7]
[00:11:44] As some of you know, last year I spent several months conducting my own personal experiments with drug free remedies for migraines and ultimately created a guide of what I consider to be the best of the best strategies, and you can find that guide along with a downloadable migraine survival kit PDF by going to mymigrainemiracle/drugfree, which is also linked in the show notes. [26.2]
[00:12:11] And this topic also highlights what I think is a fundamental principle when it comes to anything we do for our health. [7.1]
[00:12:19] So with the drug free strategies we’re doing things that activate, support, or enhance our body’s own ability to heal and recover. [8.7]
[00:12:28] And in general, any health intervention that works in that way is going to be both more likely to be more effective and less likely to be harmful. [9.0]
[00:12:38] With the drugs on the other hand we’re typically disrupting these sensitive, finely tuned biological systems that are designed to keep us functioning up optimally. [9.0]
[00:12:47] And these are incredibly complex systems that we still aren’t close to fully understanding. [4.5]
[00:12:53] So in computer science terms when we’re taking medications we’re monkeying around with our source code without a true understanding of the full range of consequences of doing so. [9.6]
[00:13:03] So we should have an extremely high bar for anything we do or take that disrupts our physiology in this way, and kind of the primary scenario where drugs do make sense would be in diseases that have damaged one of our homeostatic systems in the body in a way that’s beyond repair, and so the only way to bring it back to some degree to normalcy is with medications. [24.6]
[00:13:28] So, for example, you know if you have a tumor in your pituitary gland that had to be removed, then if the gland is no longer there to secrete vital hormones then there’s no other choice but to replace those hormones with the drug. [13.6]
[00:13:43] But beyond those types of instances we should have an extremely high standard for Monkey monkeying around with our physiology in this way. [8.2]
[00:13:52] So that’s the second myth. And hopefully you’ll pick up the drug free guide if you haven’t already. [5.7]
[00:13:58] Then the third myth is that medications are only a problem if you’re in rebound. [6.4]
[00:14:05] And I think this is the biggest myth, the one that’s the hidden obstacle for the most number of people. [6.5]
[00:14:12] So a while back I published an article called the “7 Warning Signs You’re Having Rebound Headaches,” and that article is in the show notes as well. [9.7]
[00:14:22] And in that article I reviewed some of the classic features of rebound, and there mainly referring to the situation where someone is having frequent, oftentimes daily headaches, that won’t go away and that tend to have some very specific characteristics that distinguish them as being primarily the result of the medications. [21.8]
[00:14:45] But what’s described there is really the final stage of a process that’s been going on for quite some time. [6.7]
[00:14:52] And I think the central reason why we’ve failed to appreciate the full scope of the negative impact of the abortive medications is because we’ve been considering rebound headaches like I describe as the primary downside of taking them, and all of the recommendations about medications revolve around preventing someone from getting into that final situation. [21.2]
[00:15:14] However rebound headaches, at least as they’re typically thought about, are like I said kind of the end result of a problem that’s been escalating long before that situation has been reached. And so viewing it in this way ignores everything that happened that led up to that point. [17.6]
[00:15:32] So in other words we’ve been kind of thinking about it as a binary problem. Either you have rebound and you need to back off the medications, or you don’t and you’re fine. [9.8]
[00:15:43] And in retrospect this is kind of a silly way to think about it, because we know that biological systems, especially the nervous system, and the brain doesn’t work this way. [9.0]
[00:15:53] So the nervous system is always trying to maintain equilibrium. Anytime you disrupt it, it will try to restore that equilibrium back into balance. [8.8]
[00:16:02] And this principle was illustrated in the last miracle moment in between a SOAD and a put out on why medications are now my last resort. With the story about the firefighters so in that case the brain is down regulating its own pain regulation system in response to a consistent external source of pain relief. In this case the medications and if that process continues you end up in this worst case scenario where the medication has stopped working and your own systems for pain relief aren’t operating. [35.0]
[00:16:38] And so the equilibrium has been tipped heavily in favor of pain on the pain pleasure scale. [5.6]
[00:16:44] So the mistake here, the one that in my opinion has fueled an epidemic of chronic migraine, is in overlooking everything that’s happening prior to that worst case scenario. And so in seeing this as an all or nothing problem rather than a cumulative one. [15.6]
[00:17:01] And if we were to illustrate this graphically, here’s what the all or nothing view of medications would look like. [19.7]
[00:17:21] So on the X-axis here we see we have the frequency of medication being taken. And so as you move along increasing the amount taken initially there’s no effect you know on the on your vulnerability to future migraine, until you hit rebound territory. [17.7]
[00:17:40] And so this is kind of the all or nothing, or binary, view about it which is very misleading which gives you this impression that you know everything before this point where where things spike up with respect to our vulnerability, everything before that is OK. [16.7]
[00:17:57] And we were just trying to prevent ourselves from getting into that final situation. [4.9]
[00:18:03] But the more accurate way of looking at it is like this. So here we see that as our frequency of medication use increases, so does our vulnerability to migraine until ultimately we cross over the threshold where we’re stuck in this final stage of continuous pain because that equilibrium in the brain’s pain pleasure system has been tipped so far in the direction of pain. [34.1]
[00:18:38] And so from this more accurate depiction of it, it’s clear that this was the final stage of a process that had begun long before we hit rebound. [9.7]
[00:18:48] So our vulnerability to migraine and the pain pleasure scale was steadily moving in favor of the pain side until it finally reached this point where we hit that worst case scenario. So kind of reconceptualizing the effects of medications in this way was a big “aha” moment for me and has been a big breakthrough in being able to help more and more people reap the full benefits from the plan. [32.6]
[00:19:22] And it was a big reason why I spent a large part of last year trying to work on finding drug free strategies because I realized they’d be so important for people who were trying to get to that place. [11.5]
[00:19:34] And so you can see why with this more accurate view of the effects of medications that the risk benefit calculation of taking the abortive medications becomes very different. [11.0]
[00:19:46] So hopefully that gives you a more accurate picture of things when it comes to the medications, and the whole purpose of that is to kind of help you make a more informed decision about how to use them. [12.7]
[00:19:59] So that’s the third myth. [2.2]
[00:20:02] And with that we’re going to move on to our PRIMAL PROVISIONS PRIMAL Pick of the Week. [4.4]
[00:20:06] So for those of you who don’t know Primal Provisions is our weekly meal planning service where every Saturday we send out a Migraine Miracle meal plan along with recipes for all the meals, grocery lists, prep day instructions for people who want to prepare their meals for the week in advance. [17.6]
[00:20:25] And so it’s a really easy way of getting started with the Migraine Miracle plan, especially the food part, as it kind of takes all of the planning and decision making off the table and saves you time and anxiety, and helps ensure that you have great meals to eat throughout the week. [15.8]
[00:20:41] So this week’s winner is our Taco Burger with Lime Guacamole. [7.4]
[00:20:49] So I had the pleasure of eating this a couple of weeks ago and it’s fantastic. The lime guacamole topping in particular was the star of the show. [10.1]
[00:21:00] In fact the way I ate it it’s probably more accurate to say that the burger was the topping for my guacamole. I love guacamole to begin with but adding the lime to it just made it ridiculous. [11.9]
[00:21:13] So you can find that recipe at mymigrainemiracle/tacoburger, and that’s also linked in the show notes. And then to learn more about Primal Provisions, you can go to mymigrainemiracle.com/primalprovisions. [15.2]
[00:21:28] And I should also add that the Primal Provisions subscription, along with access to our entire archive of past issues and meal plans – which is something we recently created – is one of the many benefits that now come with membership to Migrai-Neverland which is our premier resource for migraineurs. [22.4]
[00:21:51] So membership there also includes access to our newly created Beast Slayer Training Academy, and we have our first group going through that right now, which has been a lot fun, and then unlimited access to all of our 30 day challenges, as well as our weekly group coaching sessions and more. [17.8]
[00:22:09] And the goal of Migrai-Neverland is is to help make finding your path to migraine freedom as foolproof as possible. And you can learn more about becoming a member at MYMIGRAINEMIRACLE.COM/ENDOFMIGRAINE. [13.8]
[00:22:24] So that’s it for today’s episode. [2.6]
[00:22:27] Once again, you can find all prior episodes of The Miracle Moment at mymigrainemiracle.com/moment, and I’ll be back again next Wednesday September 20th at 2:30 for another full length episode. [14.8]
[00:22:42] And you might see me before then with shorter in-between-isode. [4.2]
[00:22:47] Now go enjoy the rest of your day and SLAY THE BEAST! [3.5] |
Revolution in a Bottle
How Terracycle Is Eliminating the Idea of Waste
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Overview
The amazing story of what Inc. magazine called “the coolest little startup in America.”
Tom Szaky dropped out of Princeton a decade ago to found TerraCycle, a company that makes the nonrecyclable recyclable. TerraCycle is now at the forefront of the eco-capitalist movement, partnering with more than 35 million people in twenty countries in the collection of waste and transforming that waste into useful products. Creating trash cans from chip bags and plastic benches from cigarette butts, TerraCycle has redefined recycling.
Revolution in a Bottle is a rollicking tale of entrepreneurial adventure and an essential guide to creating a company that’s good for people, good for profits, and good for the planet.
Since Revolution in a Bottle was first published in 2009, TerraCycle has grown dramatically from a small company offering worm poop in a soda bottle to a pioneer of recycling worldwide. This completely revised and expanded edition continues the story of this incredible company.
Praise
“TerraCycle is doing more than selling good green products; it is changing how manufacturers, retailers, and consumers treat their waste. Read this book. I’m glad I did.”—Ben Cohen, cofounder, Ben & Jerry’s Ice Cream |
By Andrew Warshaw
May 9- Yet another World Cup construction worker has lost his life – just over a month before the start of the finals. This time, the tragedy took place in Cuiaba, one of the most delayed venues, when an electrical accident temporarily halted work on the stadium.
Log In Register This content is for Archive Access (1 year), Archive Access (6 months) and Archive Access (student) members only. |
TORONTO — In its response to a Federal Trade Commission complaint that its planned merger with its chief rival was anti-competitive, DraftKings acknowledged it was “striving toward profitability” and that “there were significant legal and regulatory issues that arose across several states” in the last couple of years that “continue today and into the foreseeable future.”
That chief rival, FanDuel, used the exact same language in its response to the FTC complaint — which is not surprising, since the two main operators in the daily-fantasy sports industry were presenting a united front in their bid to merge. They also both stated that the complaint reflected an “an unnecessarily rigid and uninformed application of antitrust laws,” which is legal talk for calling shenanigans. Those responses were filed in a District of Columbia court less than a week ago.
One day later, the companies announced that the proposed merger was off. If nothing else, spare a thought for the legal clerks who had spent long hours preparing those responses.
But aside from the wasting of a lot of hours and paper in defending, and then suddenly abandoning, their planned merger, the end of the DraftKings-FanDuel marriage, now dead before it even had to be annulled, leaves the nascent daily-fantasy industry with a decidedly uncertain future. It was widely believed that the merger of the two giants in a billion-dollar industry was undertaken in order to ensure survival in a fast-growing business that was roiled by challenges.
The FTC complaint and responses happen to provide a decent bit of background to the industry and its troubles. DraftKings arrived in 2012 as the main competitor to FanDuel, which was founded three years earlier, in what was then the little-known daily-fantasy arena. From the outset, they provided a product that was similar in look and feel to online gambling, in which participants sign up for an account and put money in it that they use to enter fantasy-sports contests. Instead of betting $20 on the outcome of a football game, you could spend a $20 entry fee on a fantasy contest in which you pick a bunch of football players for your team.
The key legal argument is that daily fantasy is a skill game, which meant the laws that prohibit sports betting in the U.S. (and Canada) did not apply. That was all well and good for a while. But, as the FTC complaint notes, “competition between (DraftKings and FanDuel) hit a fever pitch in 2015, when (they) each spent hundreds of millions of dollars on marketing to overtake each other in share of entry fees.”
None of that is much in dispute, as anyone who watched an NFL game or listened to sports radio in the fall of 2015 observed. Suddenly, there was a bewildering arms race between two previously small companies with a seemingly unlimited budget.
But all that attention also got the attention of various lawmakers, and in the years since the companies have seen about a dozen states legalize-but-regulate them, which means taking a larger cut for themselves, while another 10 states have banned them. Many more states are considering some form of legal action.
At the root of the controversy is that original legal argument that daily fantasy, as a skill game, is not gambling. It has always seemed like a fine bit of hair-splitting, but what was interesting is that at the height of the marketing wars, North American pro leagues, while still officially quite opposed to gambling, bought in. The NHL and MLB are investors in and partners with DraftKings, as is New England Patriots owner Bob Kraft, and the list of investors for FanDuel includes NBC Sports and Comcast. It was an early indicator that the attitudes toward sports betting could be relaxing, even if no one wanted to admit this was a form of sports betting.
It’s those changing attitudes that could yet provide the biggest blow to daily fantasy, even as the two companies fight their various legal battles on their own now.
In the relatively short period since the daily-fantasy explosion, the NHL has gone to Las Vegas, the NFL has done the same, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver has gone on record in support of legalized sports betting. Last month, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear New Jersey’s attempt to make sports betting legal in that state. And, you may have heard, a few months earlier a certain former casino owner became President of the United States.
Put all that together and it’s at least a decent bet (sorry) that full sports betting will be legalized within the next few years. People would be able to gamble on sports, and unlike with daily fantasy, they wouldn’t have to pretend they weren’t gambling.
If sports betting does end up legalized, the main reason will be that everyone involved — leagues, broadcasters, governments — finally admit there is too much money to be made to be ignored. But daily-fantasy sports also would have played a role in changing attitudes. Even if those changed attitudes end up killing it.
While someone might eat a Beyond Meat burger for ethical reasons, it does little for that person's health. In fact, it might be more harmful than good
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Brain structural maturation and the foundations of cognitive behavioral development.
Thorough knowledge of normal neural foundations for cognitive behavioral development is fundamental to understand the mechanisms of both neurodevelopmental disorders and normal adaptation. This review aims at identifying the trends in MRI studies published within the last 18 months illuminating maturational structural brain foundations for normal cognitive behavioral development. Development is coordinated within neurocognitive systems, with predictable functional correlates. There is great individual variability within the normal range. Relationships between brain and cognitive variance at any given age are moderate, and appear to be of a complex and dynamic nature. Importantly, current studies point to a dimensional component to cognitive and behavioral psychopathology in which differences among healthy and clinical developmental groups exist along a continuum. Finally, factors influencing and detectable in early development are likely to have lifespan consequences. Brain development is highly coordinated, but the normal individual variation at any given age is substantial. Relationships between brain and cognitive measures are typically moderate and may fluctuate with age. A dimensional component to neural foundations for multiple developmental disorders makes the study of normal individual brain differences in development even more important to understand both normal and clinical cognitive behavioral outcomes throughout life. |
9 So.3d 839 (2009)
In re H. Edward ELLZEY, Jr.
No. 2009-B-0238.
Supreme Court of Louisiana.
May 22, 2009.
*840 ATTORNEY DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS
PER CURIAM.
This disciplinary matter arises from formal charges filed by the Office of Disciplinary *841 Counsel ("ODC") against respondent, H. Edward Ellzey, Jr., an attorney licensed to practice law in Louisiana but currently on interim suspension for threat of harm to the public. In re: Ellzey, 07-0729 (La.4/12/07), 953 So.2d 813.
FORMAL CHARGES
Count IThe Ruffin Matter
On July 2, 2004, respondent conducted a real estate closing involving Sheila Ruffin as the seller and Keith Carter as the buyer. At the closing, respondent presented Ms. Ruffin with a HUD-1 settlement statement that reported the buyer as Mr. Carter, a contract sales price of $118,100, and net sales proceeds to Ms. Ruffin of $6,542.11. Ms. Ruffin executed the settlement statement, which also was purportedly signed by Mr. Carter. The funds were to be disbursed on July 7, 2004, but Ms. Ruffin never received the $6,542.11.
In September 2004, Ms. Ruffin filed a disciplinary complaint against respondent with the ODC. In response to the complaint, respondent produced a second HUD-1 settlement statement that reported Elite Solutions as the buyer,[1] a contract sales price of $101,697.89, and no net sales proceeds to Ms. Ruffin. This second settlement statement was purportedly signed by Olando Cormier, on behalf of Elite Solutions, and Ms. Ruffin. However, Ms. Ruffin claims that Mr. Cormier was not present at the closing and claims that her signature on the second settlement statement is a forgery.
Furthermore, even though neither settlement statement reported any funds owed to Elite Solutions, on July 6, 2004, respondent issued a check from his Ellzey Title Agency, LLC escrow account payable to Elite Solutions in the amount of $5,928.10, which amount does not match any figures on either settlement statement.
The ODC personally served respondent with a subpoena to take his sworn statement on September 8, 2005. However, the sworn statement was canceled due to Hurricane Katrina. In September 2006, the ODC sent respondent a certified letter requesting that he contact the ODC, which letter respondent signed for and received. Respondent failed to respond, and the ODC has had no communication with respondent since Katrina.
Count IIThe Commonwealth Matter
Respondent worked as a title agent for Commonwealth Land Title Insurance Company ("Commonwealth"). In or around 2005, respondent was involved in ten loan closings wherein Commonwealth issued insured closing letters to various lenders. Instead of using the funds received at the closings to pay off outstanding mortgages and other debt, respondent converted the funds to his own use. In total, respondent converted approximately $895,000 to his own use. As a result, Commonwealth was forced to make good on these payments.
From January 1, 2005 through November 30, 2005, respondent's escrow account revealed multiple overdrafts and non-sufficient funds ("NSF") charges. One example of respondent's misuse of his escrow account occurred on September 7, 2005 when the balance of the account fell to negative $93,847.01.
In November 2005, Commonwealth filed a disciplinary complaint against respondent with the ODC. In September 2006, the ODC sent respondent a certified letter *842 notifying him of the complaint, which letter respondent signed for and received. Respondent failed to respond.
Count III The Lloyd Matter
By way of background, Gwendolyn Lloyd agreed to sell her house to Ronald Lewis under the following conditions: 1) Mr. Lewis was to pay Ms. Lloyd $10,000 at closing; 2) Ms. Lloyd would lease the house back from Mr. Lewis for one year at $1,800 per month; 3) During that year, Mr. Lewis would make repairs and additions to the house; and 4) Ms. Lloyd would repurchase the house from Mr. Lewis at the end of the year. Ms. Lloyd and Mr. Lewis executed a lease purchase agreement setting forth the above conditions.
Respondent was retained to handle the closing, which occurred on December 30, 2004. Deborah King accompanied Mr. Lewis to the closing. Although Ms. Lloyd did not have an agreement with Ms. King, respondent structured the closing with Ms. Lloyd selling the property to Ms. King, not Mr. Lewis. According to the HUD-1 settlement statement, Ms. Lloyd was to receive $91,374 in net sales proceeds. However, despite what respondent reported on the settlement statement, Ms. Lloyd did not receive these proceeds. Pursuant to Ms. Lloyd's agreement with Mr. Lewis, Mr. Lewis paid Ms. Lloyd $10,000.
Respondent failed to properly disburse the loan proceeds and/or failed to pay off Ms. Lloyd's outstanding mortgage. Consequently, foreclosure proceedings were instituted against Ms. Lloyd with respect to the house she purportedly sold to Ms. King. The property was sold at a sheriff's sale on June 9, 2005 with Mr. Lewis as the winning bidder. However, Mr. Lewis' check in the amount of $155,161 in payment of the balance of the sheriff's sale purchase price was dishonored for insufficient funds. On December 9, 2005, the sheriff's sale was set aside and all outstanding liens on the property were reinstated.
Apparently, Mr. Lewis and/or Ms. King committed fraud against Ms. Lloyd. Respondent was either directly involved in the fraud or facilitated the fraud as evidenced by the erroneous information listed on the settlement statement. Respondent is believed to have absconded with the loan proceeds and/or converted a portion of the funds to his own use.
DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS
In August 2007, the ODC filed three counts of formal charges against respondent, alleging that his conduct as set forth above violated the following provisions of the Rules of Professional Conduct: Rules 1.15(d) (safekeeping property of clients or third persons), 8.1(c) (failure to cooperate with the ODC in its investigation), 8.4(a) (violation of the Rules of Professional Conduct), and 8.4(c) (engaging in conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or misrepresentation).
Respondent was served with the formal charges via certified mail but failed to answer. Accordingly, the factual allegations contained therein were deemed admitted and proven by clear and convincing evidence pursuant to Supreme Court Rule XIX, § 11(E)(3). No formal hearing was held, but the parties were given an opportunity to file with the hearing committee written arguments and documentary evidence on the issue of sanctions. Respondent filed nothing for the hearing committee's consideration.
Hearing Committee Report
After considering the ODC's deemed admitted submission, the hearing committee determined that the facts alleged in the formal charges were deemed admitted and proven by clear and convincing evidence. Based on those deemed admitted facts, the *843 committee made the following findings: In the Ruffin matter, respondent entered false information on two separate HUD-1 settlement statements, mishandled the sale proceeds, and deprived Ms. Ruffin of funds owed to her pursuant to the original settlement statement. Respondent also failed to cooperate with the ODC in its investigation. In the Commonwealth matter, respondent is believed to have absconded with and/or converted to his own use approximately $895,000. Commonwealth had to pay claims resulting from the ten loan closings of approximately $800,000 and is investigating another claim of more than $100,000. Respondent also failed to cooperate with the ODC in its investigation and failed to timely remit funds owed to third parties. In the Lloyd matter, respondent failed to disburse the loan proceeds and/or failed to pay off Ms. Lloyd's outstanding mortgage, which led to foreclosure proceedings against Ms. Lloyd. It also appears that Mr. Lewis and Ms. King committed fraud against Ms. Lloyd. Respondent was either directly involved in or facilitated the fraud as evidenced by the erroneous information listed on the HUD-1 settlement statement.
Based on these findings, the committee determined that respondent violated the Rules of Professional Conduct as alleged in the formal charges. He intentionally violated duties owed to his clients, the public, and the legal profession, causing actual and substantial harm to his clients and third parties. Based on the ABA's Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions and the court's prior jurisprudence, the committee determined that the baseline sanction is disbarment. The committee found the aggravating factors of prior disciplinary offenses[2] and substantial experience in the practice of law (admitted 1968). The committee did not find any mitigating factors.
Considering the magnitude of the harm caused by respondent to clients and third parties, and the absence of mitigating factors, the committee recommended that respondent be permanently disbarred.
Neither respondent nor the ODC filed an objection to the hearing committee's report.
Disciplinary Board Recommendation
After review, the disciplinary board determined that the hearing committee's factual findings are not manifestly erroneous. The board also determined that the committee properly applied the Rules of Professional Conduct and adopted the rule violations found by the committee.
The board determined that respondent knowingly and intentionally violated duties owed to his clients, the public, and the legal profession. He caused actual substantial harm to several parties. The board agreed with the committee that the baseline sanction is disbarment.
In aggravation, the board found prior disciplinary offenses, a dishonest or selfish motive, a pattern of misconduct, multiple offenses, vulnerability of the victims, substantial experience in the practice of law, and indifference to making restitution. The board found no mitigating factors.
Citing Guideline 1 of the permanent disbarment guidelines (repeated or multiple instances of intentional conversion of client funds with substantial harm), the board determined that respondent's conduct warrants permanent disbarment. In further support of permanent disbarment, the board cited several cases in which this *844 court has permanently disbarred attorneys who converted substantial amounts of client funds.[3]
Under these circumstances, the board recommended that respondent be permanently disbarred. The board further recommended that respondent pay restitution.
Neither respondent nor the ODC filed an objection to the disciplinary board's recommendation.
DISCUSSION
Bar disciplinary matters fall within the original jurisdiction of this court. La. Const. art. V, § 5(B). Consequently, we act as triers of fact and conduct an independent review of the record to determine whether the alleged misconduct has been proven by clear and convincing evidence. In re: Quaid, 94-1316 (La.11/30/94), 646 So.2d 343; Louisiana State Bar Ass'n v. Boutall, 597 So.2d 444 (La.1992).
In cases in which the lawyer does not answer the formal charges, the factual allegations of those charges are deemed admitted. Supreme Court Rule XIX, § 11(E)(3). Thus, the ODC bears no additional burden to prove the factual allegations contained in the formal charges after those charges have been deemed admitted. However, the language of § 11(E)(3) does not encompass legal conclusions that flow from the factual allegations. If the legal conclusion the ODC seeks to prove (i.e., a violation of a specific rule) is not readily apparent from the deemed admitted facts, additional evidence may need to be submitted in order to prove the legal conclusions that flow from the admitted factual allegations. In re: Donnan, 01-3058 (La.1/10/03), 838 So.2d 715.
The deemed admitted facts reveal that respondent has engaged in conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or misrepresentation, has converted client and third party funds in the approximate amount of $895,000, and has failed to cooperate with the ODC in its investigation. The record supports the rule violations as found by the hearing committee and the disciplinary board.
Having found evidence of professional misconduct, we now turn to a determination of the appropriate sanction for respondent's actions. In determining a sanction, we are mindful that disciplinary proceedings are designed to maintain high standards of conduct, protect the public, preserve the integrity of the profession, and deter future misconduct. Louisiana State Bar Ass'n v. Reis, 513 So.2d 1173 (La.1987). The discipline to be imposed depends upon the facts of each case and the seriousness of the offenses involved considered in light of any aggravating and mitigating circumstances. Louisiana State Bar Ass'n v. Whittington, 459 So.2d 520 (La.1984).
The record supports a finding that respondent engaged in intentional misconduct. He violated duties owed to his clients, the public, and the legal profession, causing substantial actual harm. The applicable baseline sanction is clearly disbarment under both the ABA's Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions and our prior jurisprudence. See Louisiana State Bar Ass'n v. Hinrichs, 486 So.2d 116 (La. 1986). Therefore, the only issue presented *845 for our consideration is whether respondent's misconduct is so egregious as to warrant permanent disbarment.
Supreme Court Rule XIX, Appendix E depicts conduct that may warrant permanent disbarment. We agree with the hearing committee and the disciplinary board that Guideline 1 ("[r]epeated or multiple instances of intentional conversion of client funds with substantial harm") is applicable in this matter. Respondent intentionally converted $895,000 in funds from real estate transactions in which he acted as the closing attorney. Restitution has not been made to any of his victims. These actions reveal a fundamental lack of moral character and fitness to practice law.
We can conceive of no circumstance under which we would ever grant readmission to respondent. Accordingly, respondent must be permanently disbarred.
DECREE
Upon review of the findings and recommendations of the hearing committee and the disciplinary board, and considering the record, it is ordered that the name of H. Edward Ellzey, Jr., Louisiana Bar Roll number 5339, be stricken from the roll of attorneys and that his license to practice law in the State of Louisiana be revoked. Pursuant to Supreme Court Rule XIX, § 24(A), it is further ordered that respondent be permanently prohibited from being readmitted to the practice of law in this State. It is further ordered that respondent make full restitution to his victims. All costs and expenses in the matter are assessed against respondent in accordance with Supreme Court Rule XIX, § 10.1, with legal interest to commence thirty days from the date of finality of this court's judgment until paid.
NOTES
[1] Elite Solutions was connected to Cormier Cares, a non-profit organization owned by Olando Cormier, which offers assistance to those in financial need. Ms. Ruffin contacted Cormier Cares because she was in danger of losing her home through foreclosure.
[2] In 2003, this court accepted a petition for consent discipline and publicly reprimanded respondent for performing notarial functions while he was ineligible to practice law. In re: Ellzey, 03-2981 (La. 11/26/03), 860 So.2d 1112.
[3] See In re: Labat, 08-1926 (La. 11/14/08), 995 So.2d 625; In re: Fleming, 07-0843 (La. 12/14/07), 970 So.2d 970; In re: Aubrey, 06-0004 (La.4/28/06), 928 So.2d 524; In re: Bradley, 05-1188 (La. 11/29/05), 917 So.2d 1068; and In re: Martin, 04-0444 (La.9/3/04), 883 So.2d 392.
|
Disney Magic
Disney Magic is the first cruise ship owned and operated by Disney Cruise Line, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. She has 11 public decks, can accommodate 2,700 passengers in 875 staterooms, and has a crew of approximately 950. The interior of Disney Magic is decorated in the Art Deco style.
The ship has 20 bright yellow lifeboats which, along with the black, red, and white colors of the ship itself, match the colors of Mickey Mouse. This change from the standard safety orange took a waiver of international maritime rules. As with other Disney cruise ships, the ship's horn blast plays an excerpt from Disney's famous flagship tune, '"When You Wish upon a Star". Disney Magics Godmother is Patricia Disney, former wife of Walt Disney's nephew, Roy E. Disney.
History
Planning and construction
Disney had cruise ship designs drawn up by February 1994. Disney Cruise Line in 1995 ordered Disney Magic and Disney Wonder from Fincantieri in Italy. The ship was built in two halves with the bow built at Fincatieri's Ancona shipyard and the stern at their Marghera shipyard.
The planned maiden voyage was for March 12, 1998. In January 1997, the first ticket for Magic's first trip was raffled off on Lifetime channel, while ticket sales would begin in September 1997. Delays on the construction of MS Rotterdam kept additional workers from the Magic. Thus, by November 1997, the cruise line initially rescheduled the ship's initial voyage to April 30, 1998. However, further delays from suppliers and poor weather conditions at Fincantieri pushed back the maiden voyage even further by a few months. The bow was towed to the Marghera shipyard where the halves were joined.
Itineraries
With livery and design evocative of the RMS Queen Mary, Disney Magic set sail on her maiden voyage on July 30, 1998, out of Port Canaveral. The ship's initial cruises were to Nassau, Bahamas with a stop at Castaway Cay over three to four nights.
Originally, from 2000, Disney Magic had been undertaking weekly cruises to Castaway Cay and Caribbean islands out of its home port in Port Canaveral, Florida.
In June 2005, Disney Magic was dispatched to the West Coast as part of Disneyland's 50th Anniversary celebrations and as a test for California expansion. The transfer cruise sold out quicker than expected. Bookings from first time Disney cruisers were up for these cruises by at least 60%.
In May 2007, Disney Magic started her inaugural Mediterranean cruises out of Barcelona, Spain. At the end of the summer, she returned to her home port of Port Canaveral. In the summer of 2008, Disney Magic was moved to Los Angeles once again. The ship returned to Barcelona in 2010 for another summer of Mediterranean cruises, as well as several northern European cruises before again returning to Port Canaveral in September.
In May 2012, Disney Magic was relocated to New York City, where she sailed 8-night cruises to the Bahamas, New England, and Canada. In September, she was relocated to Galveston, Texas for the remainder of the year and offered 4-night Caribbean cruises, 6, 7, and 8-night Western Caribbean cruises, and 8-night Bahamian cruises. In June 2013, Disney Magic was re-positioned to Barcelona, Spain for the summer.
Disney Magic was put in for an overhaul at Navantia shipyard, Cadiz, Spain. In October 2013, Disney Cruise Line completed renovations to Disney Magic including updates to the ship's cabins, lounges, restaurants and spa and introduced new features including; "Marvel's Avengers Academy", a play area based on Marvel's Avengers characters, the AquaDunk and the AquaLab, consisting of a pool and waterslide. Carioca's restaurant was replaced with Rapunzel's Royal Table, Club Disney Junior replaced the Micky Mouse Club and other changes were made.
In 2016, the Disney Magic sailed Disney Cruise Lines' inaugural Northern Europe itineraries, homeported in the port of Southampton, 80 miles from London, England. She sailed to Norway, the British Isles, and the Baltic Sea during her brief three month season. With the October 6, 2017 cruise of Disney Magic from New York to the Bahamas, the cruise line held its first Marvel Day at Sea.
Entertainment
Entertainment on Disney Magic includes live Broadway-style shows with many Disney characters, two movie theaters, the Walt Disney Theater and the Buena Vista theater, which feature both Disney films and occasional first-run movies, several night clubs and lounges, several pools, and many Disney-themed parties and celebrations, including a Sail-Away Celebration and Pirates Night.
On the ship's forward funnel, there is a 24-by-14 foot LED screen known as the Funnel Vision, due to its location on the rear of one of the ship's funnels, where guests can watch various movies and shows either from the deck or from inside Goofy's Pool.
Shows from the Walt Disney Theatre may include: All Aboard, Let The Magic Begin, A Final Farewell Show, Twice Charmed: A Twist on the Cinderella Story, Tangled the Musical and Disney Dreams: An Enchanted Classic. Former shows included 'Villains Tonight!' which was replaced by Tangled.
Activities
Several kids' clubs are available on board. It's a Small World Nursery is a play area for infants while the Oceaneer Club, and the Oceaneer Lab, offer children from three to ten a variety of guided and individual activities from computer games, dress-up, themed activities, experiments. The Edge offers 11- to 14-year-olds an interactive play space designed like the ship's bridge. The teens-only Vibe club offers teens television, video games, music, Internet access, and a variety of social activities.
References
External links
Category:Cruise ships
Category:Panamax cruise ships
Category:Ships of Disney Cruise Line
Category:Ships built by Fincantieri
Category:Ships built in Venice
Category:1997 ships |
package com.example.resource.bing;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.annotation.Priority;
import javax.ws.rs.Priorities;
import javax.ws.rs.container.ContainerRequestContext;
import javax.ws.rs.container.ContainerRequestFilter;
import javax.ws.rs.container.ContainerResponseContext;
import javax.ws.rs.container.ContainerResponseFilter;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.Provider;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
@AirLog
@Priority(Priorities.USER)
public class AirNameBindingFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter, ContainerResponseFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(AirNameBindingFilter.class);
public AirNameBindingFilter() {
LOGGER.info("Air-NameBinding-Filter initialized");
}
@Override
public void filter(final ContainerRequestContext containerRequest) throws IOException {
LOGGER.debug("Air-NameBinding-ContainerRequestFilter invoked:" + containerRequest.getMethod());
LOGGER.debug(containerRequest.getUriInfo().getRequestUri());
}
@Override
public void filter(ContainerRequestContext containerRequest, ContainerResponseContext responseContext) throws IOException {
LOGGER.debug("Air-NameBinding-ContainerResponseFilter invoked:" + containerRequest.getMethod());
LOGGER.debug("status=" + responseContext.getStatus());
}
}
|
Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma with a predominant CD8 immunophenotype.
Primary T-cell lymphomas of the central nervous system are uncommon neoplasms. A case of a primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma in a 66-year-old female who died 8 months after surgery is described. The biopsy specimen was evaluated by routine histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and Southern blotting/DNA hybridization. The neoplasm was composed of pleomorphic medium and large cells. Virtually all of the neoplastic cells reacted with antibodies to CD3, CD5, and CD8. Multiple rearranged bands were detected with the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene probe. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of a primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma composed of a predominant population of CD8-expressing T cells, and the first case confirmed by Southern blotting/DNA hybridization. |
The Second Home of the Kirkham A Movie A Day Blog
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Kung Fu Panda 2
It is a bit disconcerting that the third movie in a row that I am writing about is a sequel. Has all creativity gone out of the Hollywood dream factory when it comes to summer movies? I know it is a business, and the costs now a days are out of control. We can usually depend on Pixar for something original, but they have Cars 2 coming out next month so that is off the table for the year. Ultimately I know there are some fresh projects and new ideas coming, but the frequency of the sequels and the remakes is getting me down a bit. Having said that, I can follow up with something a lot more pleasant. This is the best of the sequels that I have seen so far this year. Although there are some plot elements repeated from the first Kung Fu Panda, this new edition does exactly what a sequel ought to do. We revisit characters that we came to love, in a new story and expand on the components that made us fans to begin with. This movie does the opposite of Hangover 2, instead of remaking the same story, we get a new story that follows the trail of the original characters.
Since the first movie came out, I have caught some or all of it many times on the satellite. It was a gorgeous movie and done with a style that made it seem authentically Asian but still accessible to Western sensibilities. This sequel is equally beautiful in the art direction and animation. There are several spectacular sequences that make use of the colors and cultures of old China, or at least how we imagine it might have been. The scene where the Furious Five and Po, sneak through the town disguised as a Chinese Luck Dragon was witty and used some great perspectives to bring us into the action and to show it from a humorous perspective. While three animated films have been nominated for best picture over the last twenty years, none of their directors were included on the list of nominees for best work by a director. I don’t know that this movie is a worthy nominee in the general category, but I saw several things in the film that reminded me that this had to be put together by someone, and the director is the one that makes those artistic choices. I know their work is going to be evaluated in a different way, but they face the same difficulties and consequences that a live action director must deal with. So here are some props for Jennifer Yuh. I looked her up because I was unfamiliar with her as a director. This is her first feature, but not her first experience with Kung Fu Panda. She was the story artist for the first film, which helps explain the continuing look of the movie. If you see this film, be sure to sit through the credits, not because there is a teaser or stinger at the end, but because the background drawings are so beautiful, it would be a shame to miss them.Since I am passing out the compliments, let me offer some to all of the talented actors that make the movie work as an emotional and dramatic piece of fiction. This is not just an action cartoon, there are some deep themes that touch on friendship, family and even some zen ideas. It takes creative effort to make drawings and paintings come to life as characters. Jack Black has been great in a lot of things but he has also been overexposed. I skipped the Gulliver movie last Christmas because if a trailer can’t make it look interesting for two and a half minutes, there is not much chance a movie that is two hours will be worth seeing. Black’s work here appears to be more subtle and contained than in some of the live action comedies he has done. I really liked his interplay in this movie with Angelina Jolie’s Tigress. It is an awkward friendship, but one that works for characters from such different paths.
The biggest kudos belong to character actor James Hong, a guy I have seen in movies forever. He looked old and wise in “Chinatown” back in 1974. Thirty-seven years later, he sounds the same. Here he is given a chance to do more than usual in the movies he has made. As the adopted father of Po, he is loving, and domineering and fearful in a very honest way. I love that animation can bring out dramatic emotions as well as the humorous. Voice work in the animation business has got to be carefully cast. Too many times, stars are put into roles because they bring a name with them but they are not right for the part. There are dozens of movies in which we lose investment in animated characters because the voices are bland or ill cast. Hong sounds like a father goose, and he has the weary but knowing voice that every father worried about his child would have. His biggest performance on screen may have been in “Big Trouble in Little China”, but his best acting role is in this movie. I hope there is a group out there that gives awards for animated voice work and they need to pay attention to the great work done here by James Hong.
This is at least the fourth animated film I have seen this year, and while it may not rise to the level of “Rango” as a movie, it does make the film world a better place to hang out. There is plenty of humor, action and a nice sense of pathos to hold most movie goers. There was a particularly sad moment in the movie involving Po being separated from his mother. There was a little girl behind us crying inconsolably over the events on screen. It took me back twenty years to the El Capitain Theater in November of 1991. We had taken our two little girls to see “Beauty and the Beast”, and Allison cried out loud and shouted at the screen when the townspeople are marching up to the castle to “kill the beast”. She was taken away by the experience just as the little girl yesterday was. I hope movies will always do that for the young and the young at heart. We want to be entertained of course and we certainly want to be dazzled. More than anything else though,we want to feel. Stories should move us in some way. I judge movies in large part on the emotional reaction I have from them. By that measuer Kung Fu Panda 2 is a success. |
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// GB_AxB: hard-coded functions for semiring: C<M>=A*B or A'*B
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// SuiteSparse:GraphBLAS, Timothy A. Davis, (c) 2017-2020, All Rights Reserved.
// http://suitesparse.com See GraphBLAS/Doc/License.txt for license.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// If this file is in the Generated/ folder, do not edit it (auto-generated).
#include "GB.h"
#ifndef GBCOMPACT
#include "GB_control.h"
#include "GB_ek_slice.h"
#include "GB_bracket.h"
#include "GB_iterator.h"
#include "GB_sort.h"
#include "GB_atomics.h"
#include "GB_AxB_saxpy3.h"
#include "GB_AxB__include.h"
// The C=A*B semiring is defined by the following types and operators:
// A'*B function (dot2): GB_Adot2B__any_lt_int8
// A'*B function (dot3): GB_Adot3B__any_lt_int8
// C+=A'*B function (dot4): GB_Adot4B__any_lt_int8
// A*B function (saxpy3): GB_Asaxpy3B__any_lt_int8
// C type: bool
// A type: int8_t
// B type: int8_t
// Multiply: z = (aik < bkj)
// Add: cij = z
// 'any' monoid? 1
// atomic? 1
// OpenMP atomic? 0
// MultAdd: cij = (aik < bkj)
// Identity: false
// Terminal: break ;
#define GB_ATYPE \
int8_t
#define GB_BTYPE \
int8_t
#define GB_CTYPE \
bool
// aik = Ax [pA]
#define GB_GETA(aik,Ax,pA) \
int8_t aik = Ax [pA]
// bkj = Bx [pB]
#define GB_GETB(bkj,Bx,pB) \
int8_t bkj = Bx [pB]
#define GB_CX(p) Cx [p]
// multiply operator
#define GB_MULT(z, x, y) \
z = (x < y)
// multiply-add
#define GB_MULTADD(z, x, y) \
z = (x < y)
// monoid identity value
#define GB_IDENTITY \
false
// break if cij reaches the terminal value (dot product only)
#define GB_DOT_TERMINAL(cij) \
break ;
// simd pragma for dot-product loop vectorization
#define GB_PRAGMA_VECTORIZE_DOT \
;
// simd pragma for other loop vectorization
#define GB_PRAGMA_VECTORIZE GB_PRAGMA_SIMD
// declare the cij scalar
#define GB_CIJ_DECLARE(cij) \
bool cij
// save the value of C(i,j)
#define GB_CIJ_SAVE(cij,p) Cx [p] = cij
// cij = Cx [pC]
#define GB_GETC(cij,pC) \
cij = Cx [pC]
// Cx [pC] = cij
#define GB_PUTC(cij,pC) \
Cx [pC] = cij
// Cx [p] = t
#define GB_CIJ_WRITE(p,t) Cx [p] = t
// C(i,j) += t
#define GB_CIJ_UPDATE(p,t) \
Cx [p] = t
// x + y
#define GB_ADD_FUNCTION(x,y) \
y
// type with size of GB_CTYPE, and can be used in compare-and-swap
#define GB_CTYPE_PUN \
bool
// bit pattern for bool, 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit integers
#define GB_CTYPE_BITS \
0x1L
// 1 if monoid update can skipped entirely (the ANY monoid)
#define GB_IS_ANY_MONOID \
1
// 1 if monoid update is EQ
#define GB_IS_EQ_MONOID \
0
// 1 if monoid update can be done atomically, 0 otherwise
#define GB_HAS_ATOMIC \
1
// 1 if monoid update can be done with an OpenMP atomic update, 0 otherwise
#define GB_HAS_OMP_ATOMIC \
0
// 1 for the ANY_PAIR semirings
#define GB_IS_ANY_PAIR_SEMIRING \
0
// 1 if PAIR is the multiply operator
#define GB_IS_PAIR_MULTIPLIER \
0
#if GB_IS_ANY_PAIR_SEMIRING
// result is purely symbolic; no numeric work to do. Hx is not used.
#define GB_HX_WRITE(i,t)
#define GB_CIJ_GATHER(p,i)
#define GB_HX_UPDATE(i,t)
#define GB_CIJ_MEMCPY(p,i,len)
#else
// Hx [i] = t
#define GB_HX_WRITE(i,t) Hx [i] = t
// Cx [p] = Hx [i]
#define GB_CIJ_GATHER(p,i) Cx [p] = Hx [i]
// Hx [i] += t
#define GB_HX_UPDATE(i,t) \
Hx [i] = t
// memcpy (&(Cx [p]), &(Hx [i]), len)
#define GB_CIJ_MEMCPY(p,i,len) \
memcpy (Cx +(p), Hx +(i), (len) * sizeof(bool))
#endif
// disable this semiring and use the generic case if these conditions hold
#define GB_DISABLE \
(GxB_NO_ANY || GxB_NO_LT || GxB_NO_INT8 || GxB_NO_ANY_BOOL || GxB_NO_LT_INT8 || GxB_NO_ANY_LT_INT8)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// C=A'*B or C<!M>=A'*B: dot product (phase 2)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GrB_Info GB_Adot2B__any_lt_int8
(
GrB_Matrix C,
const GrB_Matrix M, const bool Mask_struct,
const GrB_Matrix *Aslice, bool A_is_pattern,
const GrB_Matrix B, bool B_is_pattern,
int64_t *GB_RESTRICT B_slice,
int64_t *GB_RESTRICT *C_counts,
int nthreads, int naslice, int nbslice
)
{
// C<M>=A'*B now uses dot3
#if GB_DISABLE
return (GrB_NO_VALUE) ;
#else
#define GB_PHASE_2_OF_2
#include "GB_AxB_dot2_meta.c"
#undef GB_PHASE_2_OF_2
return (GrB_SUCCESS) ;
#endif
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// C<M>=A'*B: masked dot product method (phase 2)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GrB_Info GB_Adot3B__any_lt_int8
(
GrB_Matrix C,
const GrB_Matrix M, const bool Mask_struct,
const GrB_Matrix A, bool A_is_pattern,
const GrB_Matrix B, bool B_is_pattern,
const GB_task_struct *GB_RESTRICT TaskList,
const int ntasks,
const int nthreads
)
{
#if GB_DISABLE
return (GrB_NO_VALUE) ;
#else
#include "GB_AxB_dot3_template.c"
return (GrB_SUCCESS) ;
#endif
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// C+=A'*B: dense dot product
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GrB_Info GB_Adot4B__any_lt_int8
(
GrB_Matrix C,
const GrB_Matrix A, bool A_is_pattern,
int64_t *GB_RESTRICT A_slice, int naslice,
const GrB_Matrix B, bool B_is_pattern,
int64_t *GB_RESTRICT B_slice, int nbslice,
const int nthreads
)
{
#if GB_DISABLE
return (GrB_NO_VALUE) ;
#else
#include "GB_AxB_dot4_template.c"
return (GrB_SUCCESS) ;
#endif
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// C=A*B, C<M>=A*B, C<!M>=A*B: saxpy3 method (Gustavson + Hash)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "GB_AxB_saxpy3_template.h"
GrB_Info GB_Asaxpy3B__any_lt_int8
(
GrB_Matrix C,
const GrB_Matrix M, bool Mask_comp, const bool Mask_struct,
const GrB_Matrix A, bool A_is_pattern,
const GrB_Matrix B, bool B_is_pattern,
GB_saxpy3task_struct *GB_RESTRICT TaskList,
const int ntasks,
const int nfine,
const int nthreads,
GB_Context Context
)
{
#if GB_DISABLE
return (GrB_NO_VALUE) ;
#else
#include "GB_AxB_saxpy3_template.c"
return (GrB_SUCCESS) ;
#endif
}
#endif
|
Autoantibody to CD40 ligand in systemic lupus erythematosus: association with thrombocytopenia but not thromboembolism.
To examine the prevalence, clinical associations and pathogenic roles of autoantibodies to CD40 ligand (CD40L) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Plasma anti-CD40L antibodies from 125 patients with SLE, 24 with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and 90 with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and from 62 healthy individuals were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HeLa cells transfected with human CD40L cDNA (HeLa/CD40L) were used to confirm the presence of anti-CD40L autoantibodies. The effect of anti-CD40L antibodies on the CD40L-CD40 interaction was evaluated by observing CD40L-induced IkappaB activation in CD40-expressing fibroblasts. Anti-CD40L autoantibody was detected in seven (6%) SLE, three (13%) primary APS and 11 (12%) ITP patients, but in no healthy controls. Antibody binding in an ELISA was competitively inhibited by membrane components of HeLa/CD40L. Anti-CD40L antibody-positive IgG specifically bound the surface of living HeLa/CD40L, as shown by flow cytometry. The frequency of thrombocytopenia was significantly higher in SLE patients with the anti-CD40L antibody than in those without (100 vs 14%; P<0.00001), whereas there was no association between the anti-CD40L antibody and thrombosis. Binding of the anti-CD40L antibodies in patients' plasma to CD40L was competitively inhibited by a series of mouse anti-CD40L monoclonal antibodies. Anti-CD40L antibody-positive IgG failed to inhibit CD40L-induced IkappaB activation. Anti-CD40L autoantibody is associated with thrombocytopenia but not thromboembolism. Our findings are potentially useful in understanding the complex roles of CD40L in the pathophysiology of thrombosis and haemostasis as well as the thromboembolic complications that occur during treatment with anti-CD40L humanized antibody. |
StartChar: wgrave
Encoding: 7809 7809 482
Width: 604
VWidth: 0
Flags: HMW
LayerCount: 2
Fore
Refer: 981 768 N 1 0 0 1 352 0 2
Refer: 23 119 N 1 0 0 1 0 0 3
MultipleSubs2: "CCMP_Precomp subtable" w gravecomb
EndChar
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<document type="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder3.Cocoa.Storyboard.XIB" version="3.0" toolsVersion="14313.18" targetRuntime="MacOSX.Cocoa" propertyAccessControl="none" useAutolayout="YES">
<dependencies>
<deployment identifier="macosx"/>
<plugIn identifier="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder.CocoaPlugin" version="14313.18"/>
<capability name="documents saved in the Xcode 8 format" minToolsVersion="8.0"/>
</dependencies>
<scenes>
<!--Application-->
<scene sceneID="JPo-4y-FX3">
<objects>
<customObject id="Ady-hI-5gd" userLabel="First Responder" customClass="NSResponder" sceneMemberID="firstResponder"/>
<customObject id="Voe-Tx-rLC" customClass="AppDelegate">
<connections>
<outlet property="muteMenuItem" destination="ZAi-0g-9Kx" id="mLJ-Vb-Brq"/>
<outlet property="prefsMenuItemAction" destination="8zc-qp-Qgx" id="6OC-cf-ZIf"/>
<outlet property="quitMenuItemAction" destination="1bB-gU-CMy" id="R2d-IT-17e"/>
<outlet property="statusMenu" destination="oLl-V1-4Ka" id="Xvk-NQ-7lL"/>
</connections>
</customObject>
<application id="hnw-xV-0zn" sceneMemberID="viewController">
<menu key="mainMenu" title="Main Menu" systemMenu="main" id="AYu-sK-qS6">
<items>
<menuItem title="Mute Me" id="1Xt-HY-uBw">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Mute Me" systemMenu="apple" id="uQy-DD-JDr">
<items>
<menuItem title="About Mute Me" id="5kV-Vb-QxS">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="orderFrontStandardAboutPanel:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Exp-CZ-Vem"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="VOq-y0-SEH"/>
<menuItem title="Preferences…" keyEquivalent="," id="BOF-NM-1cW"/>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="wFC-TO-SCJ"/>
<menuItem title="Services" id="NMo-om-nkz">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Services" systemMenu="services" id="hz9-B4-Xy5"/>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="4je-JR-u6R"/>
<menuItem title="Hide Mute Me" keyEquivalent="h" id="Olw-nP-bQN">
<connections>
<action selector="hide:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="PnN-Uc-m68"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Hide Others" keyEquivalent="h" id="Vdr-fp-XzO">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="hideOtherApplications:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="VT4-aY-XCT"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Show All" id="Kd2-mp-pUS">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="unhideAllApplications:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Dhg-Le-xox"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="kCx-OE-vgT"/>
<menuItem title="Quit Mute Me" keyEquivalent="q" id="4sb-4s-VLi">
<connections>
<action selector="terminate:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Te7-pn-YzF"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="File" id="dMs-cI-mzQ">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="File" id="bib-Uj-vzu">
<items>
<menuItem title="New" keyEquivalent="n" id="Was-JA-tGl">
<connections>
<action selector="newDocument:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="4Si-XN-c54"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Open…" keyEquivalent="o" id="IAo-SY-fd9">
<connections>
<action selector="openDocument:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="bVn-NM-KNZ"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Open Recent" id="tXI-mr-wws">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Open Recent" systemMenu="recentDocuments" id="oas-Oc-fiZ">
<items>
<menuItem title="Clear Menu" id="vNY-rz-j42">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="clearRecentDocuments:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Daa-9d-B3U"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="m54-Is-iLE"/>
<menuItem title="Close" keyEquivalent="w" id="DVo-aG-piG">
<connections>
<action selector="performClose:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="HmO-Ls-i7Q"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Save…" keyEquivalent="s" id="pxx-59-PXV">
<connections>
<action selector="saveDocument:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="teZ-XB-qJY"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Save As…" keyEquivalent="S" id="Bw7-FT-i3A">
<connections>
<action selector="saveDocumentAs:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="mDf-zr-I0C"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Revert to Saved" keyEquivalent="r" id="KaW-ft-85H">
<connections>
<action selector="revertDocumentToSaved:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="iJ3-Pv-kwq"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="aJh-i4-bef"/>
<menuItem title="Page Setup…" keyEquivalent="P" id="qIS-W8-SiK">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" shift="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="runPageLayout:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Din-rz-gC5"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Print…" keyEquivalent="p" id="aTl-1u-JFS">
<connections>
<action selector="print:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="qaZ-4w-aoO"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Edit" id="5QF-Oa-p0T">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Edit" id="W48-6f-4Dl">
<items>
<menuItem title="Undo" keyEquivalent="z" id="dRJ-4n-Yzg">
<connections>
<action selector="undo:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="M6e-cu-g7V"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Redo" keyEquivalent="Z" id="6dh-zS-Vam">
<connections>
<action selector="redo:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="oIA-Rs-6OD"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="WRV-NI-Exz"/>
<menuItem title="Cut" keyEquivalent="x" id="uRl-iY-unG">
<connections>
<action selector="cut:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="YJe-68-I9s"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Copy" keyEquivalent="c" id="x3v-GG-iWU">
<connections>
<action selector="copy:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="G1f-GL-Joy"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Paste" keyEquivalent="v" id="gVA-U4-sdL">
<connections>
<action selector="paste:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="UvS-8e-Qdg"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Paste and Match Style" keyEquivalent="V" id="WeT-3V-zwk">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="pasteAsPlainText:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="cEh-KX-wJQ"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Delete" id="pa3-QI-u2k">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="delete:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="0Mk-Ml-PaM"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Select All" keyEquivalent="a" id="Ruw-6m-B2m">
<connections>
<action selector="selectAll:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="VNm-Mi-diN"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="uyl-h8-XO2"/>
<menuItem title="Find" id="4EN-yA-p0u">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Find" id="1b7-l0-nxx">
<items>
<menuItem title="Find…" tag="1" keyEquivalent="f" id="Xz5-n4-O0W">
<connections>
<action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="cD7-Qs-BN4"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Find and Replace…" tag="12" keyEquivalent="f" id="YEy-JH-Tfz">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="WD3-Gg-5AJ"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Find Next" tag="2" keyEquivalent="g" id="q09-fT-Sye">
<connections>
<action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="NDo-RZ-v9R"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Find Previous" tag="3" keyEquivalent="G" id="OwM-mh-QMV">
<connections>
<action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="HOh-sY-3ay"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Use Selection for Find" tag="7" keyEquivalent="e" id="buJ-ug-pKt">
<connections>
<action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="U76-nv-p5D"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Jump to Selection" keyEquivalent="j" id="S0p-oC-mLd">
<connections>
<action selector="centerSelectionInVisibleArea:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="IOG-6D-g5B"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Spelling and Grammar" id="Dv1-io-Yv7">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Spelling" id="3IN-sU-3Bg">
<items>
<menuItem title="Show Spelling and Grammar" keyEquivalent=":" id="HFo-cy-zxI">
<connections>
<action selector="showGuessPanel:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="vFj-Ks-hy3"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Check Document Now" keyEquivalent=";" id="hz2-CU-CR7">
<connections>
<action selector="checkSpelling:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="fz7-VC-reM"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="bNw-od-mp5"/>
<menuItem title="Check Spelling While Typing" id="rbD-Rh-wIN">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleContinuousSpellChecking:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="7w6-Qz-0kB"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Check Grammar With Spelling" id="mK6-2p-4JG">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleGrammarChecking:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="muD-Qn-j4w"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Correct Spelling Automatically" id="78Y-hA-62v">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleAutomaticSpellingCorrection:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="2lM-Qi-WAP"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Substitutions" id="9ic-FL-obx">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Substitutions" id="FeM-D8-WVr">
<items>
<menuItem title="Show Substitutions" id="z6F-FW-3nz">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="orderFrontSubstitutionsPanel:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="oku-mr-iSq"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="gPx-C9-uUO"/>
<menuItem title="Smart Copy/Paste" id="9yt-4B-nSM">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleSmartInsertDelete:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="3IJ-Se-DZD"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Smart Quotes" id="hQb-2v-fYv">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleAutomaticQuoteSubstitution:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="ptq-xd-QOA"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Smart Dashes" id="rgM-f4-ycn">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleAutomaticDashSubstitution:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="oCt-pO-9gS"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Smart Links" id="cwL-P1-jid">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleAutomaticLinkDetection:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Gip-E3-Fov"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Data Detectors" id="tRr-pd-1PS">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleAutomaticDataDetection:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="R1I-Nq-Kbl"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Text Replacement" id="HFQ-gK-NFA">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleAutomaticTextReplacement:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="DvP-Fe-Py6"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Transformations" id="2oI-Rn-ZJC">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Transformations" id="c8a-y6-VQd">
<items>
<menuItem title="Make Upper Case" id="vmV-6d-7jI">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="uppercaseWord:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="sPh-Tk-edu"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Make Lower Case" id="d9M-CD-aMd">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="lowercaseWord:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="iUZ-b5-hil"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Capitalize" id="UEZ-Bs-lqG">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="capitalizeWord:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="26H-TL-nsh"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Speech" id="xrE-MZ-jX0">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Speech" id="3rS-ZA-NoH">
<items>
<menuItem title="Start Speaking" id="Ynk-f8-cLZ">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="startSpeaking:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="654-Ng-kyl"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Stop Speaking" id="Oyz-dy-DGm">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="stopSpeaking:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="dX8-6p-jy9"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Format" id="jxT-CU-nIS">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Format" id="GEO-Iw-cKr">
<items>
<menuItem title="Font" id="Gi5-1S-RQB">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Font" systemMenu="font" id="aXa-aM-Jaq">
<items>
<menuItem title="Show Fonts" keyEquivalent="t" id="Q5e-8K-NDq"/>
<menuItem title="Bold" tag="2" keyEquivalent="b" id="GB9-OM-e27"/>
<menuItem title="Italic" tag="1" keyEquivalent="i" id="Vjx-xi-njq"/>
<menuItem title="Underline" keyEquivalent="u" id="WRG-CD-K1S">
<connections>
<action selector="underline:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="FYS-2b-JAY"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="5gT-KC-WSO"/>
<menuItem title="Bigger" tag="3" keyEquivalent="+" id="Ptp-SP-VEL"/>
<menuItem title="Smaller" tag="4" keyEquivalent="-" id="i1d-Er-qST"/>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="kx3-Dk-x3B"/>
<menuItem title="Kern" id="jBQ-r6-VK2">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Kern" id="tlD-Oa-oAM">
<items>
<menuItem title="Use Default" id="GUa-eO-cwY">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="useStandardKerning:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="6dk-9l-Ckg"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Use None" id="cDB-IK-hbR">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="turnOffKerning:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="U8a-gz-Maa"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Tighten" id="46P-cB-AYj">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="tightenKerning:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="hr7-Nz-8ro"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Loosen" id="ogc-rX-tC1">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="loosenKerning:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="8i4-f9-FKE"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Ligatures" id="o6e-r0-MWq">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Ligatures" id="w0m-vy-SC9">
<items>
<menuItem title="Use Default" id="agt-UL-0e3">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="useStandardLigatures:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="7uR-wd-Dx6"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Use None" id="J7y-lM-qPV">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="turnOffLigatures:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="iX2-gA-Ilz"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Use All" id="xQD-1f-W4t">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="useAllLigatures:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="KcB-kA-TuK"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Baseline" id="OaQ-X3-Vso">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Baseline" id="ijk-EB-dga">
<items>
<menuItem title="Use Default" id="3Om-Ey-2VK">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="unscript:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="0vZ-95-Ywn"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Superscript" id="Rqc-34-cIF">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="superscript:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="3qV-fo-wpU"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Subscript" id="I0S-gh-46l">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="subscript:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="Q6W-4W-IGz"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Raise" id="2h7-ER-AoG">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="raiseBaseline:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="4sk-31-7Q9"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Lower" id="1tx-W0-xDw">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="lowerBaseline:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="OF1-bc-KW4"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="Ndw-q3-faq"/>
<menuItem title="Show Colors" keyEquivalent="C" id="bgn-CT-cEk">
<connections>
<action selector="orderFrontColorPanel:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="mSX-Xz-DV3"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="iMs-zA-UFJ"/>
<menuItem title="Copy Style" keyEquivalent="c" id="5Vv-lz-BsD">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="copyFont:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="GJO-xA-L4q"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Paste Style" keyEquivalent="v" id="vKC-jM-MkH">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="pasteFont:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="JfD-CL-leO"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Text" id="Fal-I4-PZk">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Text" id="d9c-me-L2H">
<items>
<menuItem title="Align Left" keyEquivalent="{" id="ZM1-6Q-yy1">
<connections>
<action selector="alignLeft:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="zUv-R1-uAa"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Center" keyEquivalent="|" id="VIY-Ag-zcb">
<connections>
<action selector="alignCenter:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="spX-mk-kcS"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Justify" id="J5U-5w-g23">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="alignJustified:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="ljL-7U-jND"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Align Right" keyEquivalent="}" id="wb2-vD-lq4">
<connections>
<action selector="alignRight:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="r48-bG-YeY"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="4s2-GY-VfK"/>
<menuItem title="Writing Direction" id="H1b-Si-o9J">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Writing Direction" id="8mr-sm-Yjd">
<items>
<menuItem title="Paragraph" enabled="NO" id="ZvO-Gk-QUH">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
</menuItem>
<menuItem id="YGs-j5-SAR">
<string key="title"> Default</string>
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="makeBaseWritingDirectionNatural:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="qtV-5e-UBP"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem id="Lbh-J2-qVU">
<string key="title"> Left to Right</string>
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="makeBaseWritingDirectionLeftToRight:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="S0X-9S-QSf"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem id="jFq-tB-4Kx">
<string key="title"> Right to Left</string>
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="makeBaseWritingDirectionRightToLeft:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="5fk-qB-AqJ"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="swp-gr-a21"/>
<menuItem title="Selection" enabled="NO" id="cqv-fj-IhA">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
</menuItem>
<menuItem id="Nop-cj-93Q">
<string key="title"> Default</string>
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="makeTextWritingDirectionNatural:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="lPI-Se-ZHp"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem id="BgM-ve-c93">
<string key="title"> Left to Right</string>
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="makeTextWritingDirectionLeftToRight:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="caW-Bv-w94"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem id="RB4-Sm-HuC">
<string key="title"> Right to Left</string>
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="makeTextWritingDirectionRightToLeft:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="EXD-6r-ZUu"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="fKy-g9-1gm"/>
<menuItem title="Show Ruler" id="vLm-3I-IUL">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleRuler:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="FOx-HJ-KwY"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Copy Ruler" keyEquivalent="c" id="MkV-Pr-PK5">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" control="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="copyRuler:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="71i-fW-3W2"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Paste Ruler" keyEquivalent="v" id="LVM-kO-fVI">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" control="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="pasteRuler:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="cSh-wd-qM2"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="View" id="H8h-7b-M4v">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="View" id="HyV-fh-RgO">
<items>
<menuItem title="Show Toolbar" keyEquivalent="t" id="snW-S8-Cw5">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleToolbarShown:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="BXY-wc-z0C"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Customize Toolbar…" id="1UK-8n-QPP">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="runToolbarCustomizationPalette:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="pQI-g3-MTW"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="hB3-LF-h0Y"/>
<menuItem title="Show Sidebar" keyEquivalent="s" id="kIP-vf-haE">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" control="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleSourceList:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="iwa-gc-5KM"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Enter Full Screen" keyEquivalent="f" id="4J7-dP-txa">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" shift="YES" command="YES"/>
<connections>
<action selector="toggleFullScreen:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="dU3-MA-1Rq"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Window" id="aUF-d1-5bR">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Window" systemMenu="window" id="Td7-aD-5lo">
<items>
<menuItem title="Minimize" keyEquivalent="m" id="OY7-WF-poV">
<connections>
<action selector="performMiniaturize:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="VwT-WD-YPe"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Zoom" id="R4o-n2-Eq4">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="performZoom:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="DIl-cC-cCs"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="eu3-7i-yIM"/>
<menuItem title="Bring All to Front" id="LE2-aR-0XJ">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="arrangeInFront:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="DRN-fu-gQh"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
<menuItem title="Help" id="wpr-3q-Mcd">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<menu key="submenu" title="Help" systemMenu="help" id="F2S-fz-NVQ">
<items>
<menuItem title="Mute Me Help" keyEquivalent="?" id="FKE-Sm-Kum">
<connections>
<action selector="showHelp:" target="Ady-hI-5gd" id="y7X-2Q-9no"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
<connections>
<outlet property="delegate" destination="Voe-Tx-rLC" id="PrD-fu-P6m"/>
</connections>
</application>
<menu id="oLl-V1-4Ka">
<items>
<menuItem title="Mute" id="ZAi-0g-9Kx" userLabel="Mute">
<modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
<connections>
<action selector="muteMenuItemAction:" target="Voe-Tx-rLC" id="VLv-cY-EQM"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="GNT-5P-Irb"/>
<menuItem title="Preferences" keyEquivalent="," id="8zc-qp-Qgx" userLabel="Preferences">
<connections>
<action selector="prefsMenuItemAction:" target="Voe-Tx-rLC" id="IJN-cp-bzY"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
<menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="gwz-1U-L0y"/>
<menuItem title="Quit" keyEquivalent="q" id="1bB-gU-CMy" userLabel="Quit">
<connections>
<action selector="quitMenuItemAction:" target="Voe-Tx-rLC" id="AgZ-ht-PEs"/>
</connections>
</menuItem>
</items>
</menu>
</objects>
<point key="canvasLocation" x="75" y="0.0"/>
</scene>
<!--Window Controller-->
<scene sceneID="R2V-B0-nI4">
<objects>
<windowController storyboardIdentifier="prefsWindowController" id="B8D-0N-5wS" sceneMemberID="viewController">
<window key="window" title="Mute me" allowsToolTipsWhenApplicationIsInactive="NO" autorecalculatesKeyViewLoop="NO" releasedWhenClosed="NO" visibleAtLaunch="NO" animationBehavior="default" id="IQv-IB-iLA">
<windowStyleMask key="styleMask" titled="YES" closable="YES"/>
<windowPositionMask key="initialPositionMask" leftStrut="YES" rightStrut="YES" topStrut="YES" bottomStrut="YES"/>
<rect key="contentRect" x="196" y="240" width="400" height="223"/>
<rect key="screenRect" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="1680" height="1027"/>
<connections>
<outlet property="delegate" destination="B8D-0N-5wS" id="QmJ-VN-65d"/>
</connections>
</window>
<connections>
<segue destination="XfG-lQ-9wD" kind="relationship" relationship="window.shadowedContentViewController" id="cq2-FE-JQM"/>
</connections>
</windowController>
<customObject id="Oky-zY-oP4" userLabel="First Responder" customClass="NSResponder" sceneMemberID="firstResponder"/>
</objects>
<point key="canvasLocation" x="75" y="250"/>
</scene>
<!--Mute Me-->
<scene sceneID="hIz-AP-VOD">
<objects>
<viewController title="Mute Me" id="XfG-lQ-9wD" customClass="ViewController" sceneMemberID="viewController">
<view key="view" wantsLayer="YES" id="m2S-Jp-Qdl">
<rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="392" height="399"/>
<autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask"/>
<subviews>
<imageView horizontalHuggingPriority="251" verticalHuggingPriority="251" fixedFrame="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="jgV-z1-Y2K">
<rect key="frame" x="22" y="312" width="96" height="67"/>
<autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask" flexibleMaxX="YES" flexibleMinY="YES"/>
<imageCell key="cell" refusesFirstResponder="YES" alignment="left" imageScaling="proportionallyDown" image="logo" id="2Je-uk-WdO"/>
</imageView>
<textField horizontalHuggingPriority="251" verticalHuggingPriority="750" fixedFrame="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="hHJ-tz-Zfo">
<rect key="frame" x="152" y="344" width="238" height="31"/>
<autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask" flexibleMaxX="YES" flexibleMinY="YES"/>
<textFieldCell key="cell" scrollable="YES" lineBreakMode="clipping" sendsActionOnEndEditing="YES" alignment="center" title="Mute Me" id="2Zy-2M-TGH">
<font key="font" metaFont="system" size="26"/>
<color key="textColor" name="labelColor" catalog="System" colorSpace="catalog"/>
<color key="backgroundColor" name="controlColor" catalog="System" colorSpace="catalog"/>
</textFieldCell>
</textField>
<button misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="hvj-7s-TwY">
<rect key="frame" x="20" y="258" width="103" height="18"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="check" title="Open at login" bezelStyle="regularSquare" imagePosition="left" state="on" inset="2" id="uvS-Gd-Ucm">
<behavior key="behavior" changeContents="YES" doesNotDimImage="YES" lightByContents="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="onLoginStartChanged:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="57j-16-wLE"/>
</connections>
</button>
<textField horizontalHuggingPriority="251" verticalHuggingPriority="750" misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="paW-7T-Udu">
<rect key="frame" x="16" y="22" width="31" height="17"/>
<textFieldCell key="cell" scrollable="YES" lineBreakMode="clipping" sendsActionOnEndEditing="YES" title="Visit" id="bpq-Lk-wN5">
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
<color key="textColor" red="0.50980392156862742" green="0.50980392156862742" blue="0.50980392156862742" alpha="1" colorSpace="calibratedRGB"/>
<color key="backgroundColor" name="controlColor" catalog="System" colorSpace="catalog"/>
</textFieldCell>
</textField>
<textField horizontalHuggingPriority="251" verticalHuggingPriority="750" misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="IZW-rf-f4A">
<rect key="frame" x="112" y="22" width="31" height="17"/>
<textFieldCell key="cell" scrollable="YES" lineBreakMode="clipping" sendsActionOnEndEditing="YES" title="Visit" id="ksb-oB-QsG">
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
<color key="textColor" red="0.50980392159999999" green="0.50980392159999999" blue="0.50980392159999999" alpha="1" colorSpace="calibratedRGB"/>
<color key="backgroundColor" name="controlColor" catalog="System" colorSpace="catalog"/>
</textFieldCell>
</textField>
<button verticalHuggingPriority="750" misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="4TQ-VZ-TmS">
<rect key="frame" x="314" y="13" width="66" height="32"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="push" title="Quit" bezelStyle="rounded" alignment="center" borderStyle="border" imageScaling="proportionallyDown" inset="2" id="fZe-Yb-1MB">
<behavior key="behavior" pushIn="YES" lightByBackground="YES" lightByGray="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="quitPressed:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="nGB-Gp-XJh"/>
</connections>
</button>
<button verticalHuggingPriority="749" verticalCompressionResistancePriority="751" misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="KAa-G4-Uci">
<rect key="frame" x="47" y="14" width="45" height="32"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="bevel" title="Github" bezelStyle="rounded" alignment="center" state="on" allowsMixedState="YES" inset="2" id="fnI-lS-sU8">
<behavior key="behavior" pushIn="YES" lightByBackground="YES" lightByGray="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="onGithubPressed:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="SOm-af-7F5"/>
</connections>
</button>
<button verticalHuggingPriority="750" misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="PYQ-lw-EpL">
<rect key="frame" x="144" y="14" width="53" height="32"/>
<constraints>
<constraint firstAttribute="width" constant="53" id="abk-Fd-YcD"/>
</constraints>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="bevel" title="Website" bezelStyle="rounded" alignment="center" inset="2" id="tVc-RU-uhR">
<behavior key="behavior" pushIn="YES" lightByBackground="YES" lightByGray="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="onWebsitePressed:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="2fA-R3-AZg"/>
</connections>
</button>
<button verticalHuggingPriority="750" fixedFrame="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="UhA-eV-vsx">
<rect key="frame" x="209" y="260" width="123" height="32"/>
<autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask" flexibleMaxX="YES" flexibleMinY="YES"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="bevel" title="Made by Pixel Point" bezelStyle="rounded" alignment="center" imageScaling="proportionallyDown" inset="2" id="WIm-yh-r21">
<behavior key="behavior" pushIn="YES" lightByBackground="YES" lightByGray="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="onMainWebsitePressed:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="92d-qe-WWK"/>
</connections>
</button>
<button misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="03l-eq-BdN">
<rect key="frame" x="20" y="222" width="194" height="18"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="check" title="Hide menu bar icon" bezelStyle="regularSquare" imagePosition="left" state="on" inset="2" id="n61-0U-soc">
<behavior key="behavior" changeContents="YES" doesNotDimImage="YES" lightByContents="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="showMenuBarChanged:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="80Y-jW-1qx"/>
</connections>
</button>
<button translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="qVT-Gc-UaR">
<rect key="frame" x="20" y="187" width="238" height="18"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="check" title="Use menu bar icon as toggle switch" bezelStyle="regularSquare" imagePosition="left" inset="2" id="tuY-B8-vFd">
<behavior key="behavior" changeContents="YES" doesNotDimImage="YES" lightByContents="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="statusBarToggleChanged:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="eby-Ny-Bev"/>
</connections>
</button>
<button translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="dPJ-wa-aGh">
<rect key="frame" x="20" y="150" width="200" height="18"/>
<buttonCell key="cell" type="check" title="Use alternate menu bar icons" bezelStyle="regularSquare" imagePosition="left" inset="2" id="Lo2-Nt-BC5">
<behavior key="behavior" changeContents="YES" doesNotDimImage="YES" lightByContents="YES"/>
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
</buttonCell>
<connections>
<action selector="useAlternateStatusBarIconsChanged:" target="XfG-lQ-9wD" id="LV8-lQ-9r0"/>
</connections>
</button>
<box verticalHuggingPriority="750" boxType="separator" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="Dc9-Xu-cYw">
<rect key="frame" x="20" y="58" width="358" height="5"/>
</box>
<customView misplaced="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="jvA-Vd-gMo" customClass="MASShortcutView">
<rect key="frame" x="22" y="83" width="350" height="40"/>
<constraints>
<constraint firstAttribute="height" constant="40" id="r4b-wL-2Sc"/>
<constraint firstAttribute="width" constant="358" id="yLv-u2-v3I"/>
</constraints>
</customView>
<textField horizontalHuggingPriority="251" verticalHuggingPriority="750" fixedFrame="YES" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="fwG-yv-1ky">
<rect key="frame" x="200" y="319" width="140" height="17"/>
<autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask" flexibleMaxX="YES" flexibleMinY="YES"/>
<textFieldCell key="cell" scrollable="YES" lineBreakMode="clipping" sendsActionOnEndEditing="YES" alignment="center" title="Version: 1.0" id="aLh-Ga-uOd">
<font key="font" metaFont="system"/>
<color key="textColor" red="0.50980392156862742" green="0.50980392156862742" blue="0.50980392156862742" alpha="1" colorSpace="calibratedRGB"/>
<color key="backgroundColor" name="controlColor" catalog="System" colorSpace="catalog"/>
</textFieldCell>
</textField>
</subviews>
<constraints>
<constraint firstItem="KAa-G4-Uci" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="paW-7T-Udu" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="2" id="6Ie-tw-gbe"/>
<constraint firstAttribute="trailing" secondItem="4TQ-VZ-TmS" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="18" id="9uT-yX-Hcx"/>
<constraint firstItem="Dc9-Xu-cYw" firstAttribute="trailing" secondItem="4TQ-VZ-TmS" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="4" id="DLb-UO-9N5"/>
<constraint firstItem="Dc9-Xu-cYw" firstAttribute="bottom" secondItem="jvA-Vd-gMo" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="24" id="DVr-Qr-Gw5"/>
<constraint firstItem="4TQ-VZ-TmS" firstAttribute="centerY" secondItem="IZW-rf-f4A" secondAttribute="centerY" id="HoT-4q-8c8"/>
<constraint firstItem="IZW-rf-f4A" firstAttribute="centerY" secondItem="paW-7T-Udu" secondAttribute="centerY" id="K1x-0t-XYq"/>
<constraint firstItem="qVT-Gc-UaR" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="Dc9-Xu-cYw" secondAttribute="leading" constant="2" id="NTr-x4-CYo"/>
<constraint firstItem="KAa-G4-Uci" firstAttribute="centerY" secondItem="paW-7T-Udu" secondAttribute="centerY" id="Saz-gm-fsK"/>
<constraint firstItem="jvA-Vd-gMo" firstAttribute="bottom" secondItem="m2S-Jp-Qdl" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="-84" id="TXR-iF-TYp"/>
<constraint firstItem="PYQ-lw-EpL" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="IZW-rf-f4A" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="3" id="U4C-MJ-9xq"/>
<constraint firstItem="03l-eq-BdN" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="hvj-7s-TwY" secondAttribute="leading" id="XSI-A5-1wn"/>
<constraint firstItem="03l-eq-BdN" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="hvj-7s-TwY" secondAttribute="top" constant="35" id="aIM-aG-d6f"/>
<constraint firstItem="paW-7T-Udu" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="m2S-Jp-Qdl" secondAttribute="leading" constant="18" id="aUq-vo-NeN"/>
<constraint firstItem="dPJ-wa-aGh" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="qVT-Gc-UaR" secondAttribute="leading" id="f5i-bS-zEy"/>
<constraint firstItem="qVT-Gc-UaR" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="03l-eq-BdN" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="21" id="hTE-Hj-jj9"/>
<constraint firstItem="jvA-Vd-gMo" firstAttribute="trailing" secondItem="4TQ-VZ-TmS" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="4" id="kac-rS-txm"/>
<constraint firstItem="dPJ-wa-aGh" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="qVT-Gc-UaR" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="23" id="mcM-Qe-NaN"/>
<constraint firstItem="KAa-G4-Uci" firstAttribute="centerY" secondItem="paW-7T-Udu" secondAttribute="centerY" id="mwC-vV-fhw"/>
<constraint firstItem="Dc9-Xu-cYw" firstAttribute="width" secondItem="jvA-Vd-gMo" secondAttribute="width" id="oj0-On-MpP"/>
<constraint firstItem="IZW-rf-f4A" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="KAa-G4-Uci" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="22" id="rr6-Qb-AEk"/>
<constraint firstItem="qVT-Gc-UaR" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="03l-eq-BdN" secondAttribute="leading" id="seQ-mD-acH"/>
<constraint firstItem="PYQ-lw-EpL" firstAttribute="centerY" secondItem="KAa-G4-Uci" secondAttribute="centerY" id="tyJ-Oo-zzb"/>
<constraint firstItem="jvA-Vd-gMo" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="qVT-Gc-UaR" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="65" id="zWL-Za-nii"/>
<constraint firstItem="paW-7T-Udu" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="hvj-7s-TwY" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="221" id="znA-PO-LrO"/>
</constraints>
</view>
<connections>
<outlet property="autoLoginState" destination="hvj-7s-TwY" id="adQ-vO-ZXg"/>
<outlet property="githubButton" destination="KAa-G4-Uci" id="HzP-kT-H5e"/>
<outlet property="masShortCutView" destination="jvA-Vd-gMo" id="u8T-CH-ucC"/>
<outlet property="showInMenuBarState" destination="03l-eq-BdN" id="dNu-RU-PeR"/>
<outlet property="statusBarButtonToggle" destination="qVT-Gc-UaR" id="V4K-8G-Dvy"/>
<outlet property="useAlternateStatusBarIcons" destination="dPJ-wa-aGh" id="mQh-oR-nwD"/>
<outlet property="versionTextFieldCell" destination="aLh-Ga-uOd" id="46Z-Op-4gH"/>
<outlet property="websiteButton" destination="PYQ-lw-EpL" id="IdY-Vo-epQ"/>
</connections>
</viewController>
<customObject id="rPt-NT-nkU" userLabel="First Responder" customClass="NSResponder" sceneMemberID="firstResponder"/>
</objects>
<point key="canvasLocation" x="75" y="658.5"/>
</scene>
</scenes>
<resources>
<image name="logo" width="96" height="67"/>
</resources>
</document>
|
subroutine vr22vi2(vr2,vi2,ntau)
real vr2(ntau),vi2(ntau)
integer ntau,i
vi2(1) = vr2(1)
do i=2,ntau
vi2(i) = i*vr2(i)-(i-1)*vr2(i-1)
end do
return
end
subroutine vi22vq4(vi2,vq4,ntau)
real vi2(ntau),vq4(ntau)
integer ntau,i
vq4(1) = vi2(1)*vi2(1)
do i=2,ntau
vq4(i) = vq4(i-1) + vi2(i)*vi2(i)
end do
do i=2,ntau
vq4(i) = vq4(i)/i
end do
return
end
subroutine vt2s2(vr2,vq4,s2,tau,ntau)
real vr2(ntau),vq4(ntau),s2(ntau),tau(ntau)
real vr4
integer i, ntau
do i=2,ntau
vr4 = vr2(i)*vr2(i)
s2(i) = (vr4-vq4(i))/(4.*tau(i)*tau(i)*vr4*vr2(i))
end do
if(ntau.gt.1) then
s2(1) = s2(2)
else
s2(1) = 0.
end if
return
end
subroutine sx2sc(s2,x2,sc,ntau)
real s2(ntau),x2,sc(ntau)
integer i, ntau
do i=2,ntau
sc(i) = 1. - s2(i)*x2
end do
if(ntau.gt.1) then
sc(1) = sc(2)
else
sc(1) = 0.
end if
return
end
|
Triangle Publications
Triangle Publications Inc. was an American media group based first in Philadelphia, and later in Radnor, Pennsylvania. It was a privately held corporation, with the majority of its stock owned by Walter Annenberg and his sisters. Its holdings consisted of newspapers, magazines, and radio stations. After nearly two decades of divestiture, it was folded into News Corporation in 1988, In 1958 the company returns for The Atlantic Monthly Company becomes Triangle Publishing Company or Triangle Communications, Inc.
Triangle was formed by Walter Annenberg in 1947 from the assets and properties of the Cecelia Corporation, a company founded by his father, Moses Annenberg, and named for his mother, Sarah "Sadie" Cecelia Annenberg. Cecelia Corporation's assets at the time included the Daily Racing Form, the Morning Telegraph in New York, and The Philadelphia Inquirer. It came to own numerous other publications, including Armstrong Daily; the Philadelphia Daily News; Seventeen magazine;, The Atlantic Monthly, Saturday Evening Post, Elementary Electronics, Essence, Playboy, A+, Star & Sky, TV Guide magazine; Good Food magazine; and Official Detective magazine; as well as television and radio stations including WFIL AM-FM-TV in Philadelphia; WLYH-TV in Lancaster and Lebanon, Pennsylvania; WFBG AM-FM-TV in Altoona and Johnstown, Pennsylvania; WNHC AM-FM-TV in New Haven, Connecticut; WNBF AM-FM-TV in Binghamton, New York; and KFRE AM-FM-TV in Fresno, California. Triangle owned cable TV operations in various regions including Suburban Cable TV Co. in suburban Philadelphia, Empire State Cable TV Co. in New York, and New Haven Cable TV Co. in Connecticut. It also owned ITA Electronics, a broadcasting equipment manufacturer based in Lansdowne, Pennsylvania; McMurray Printers, a small job press printer in Miami; McMurray Publishing Co., Ltd, which published the Canadian editions of TV Guide; Triangle Circulation, which handled the nationwide distribution of Triangle's magazines, as well as those of other publishers; and Educasting, a developer of educational programming.
Print publications
Triangle's original flagship ventures were The Daily Racing Form, The Philadelphia Inquirer and WFIL. The Inquirer became Philadelphia's only major morning daily paper in 1947, after the Philadelphia Record filed for bankruptcy. In 1957, Walter Annenberg acquired the Philadelphia Daily News and merged its facilities with the Inquirer'''s.
Triangle was probably best known for its primary magazine publication, TV Guide. Against the advice of his close advisors, Annenberg purchased various local TV listing magazines (TV List, TV Digest, TeleVision Guide, TV Guide) and merged them into one national weekly publication under the name TV Guide. The magazine provided local listings with feature stories and soon became the largest national weekly publication, reaching up to 23 million households at its peak in the 1970s. The 15-cents-per-copy digest-sized publication could be found at every supermarket checkout and generally sold out within a few days. The immediate success of TV Guide required Triangle to, in the later 1950s, move TV Guide's operations out of a small office on South Broad Street in Philadelphia to a new, sprawling facility at 250 King of Prussia Road in suburban Radnor, Pennsylvania. This new facility housed all aspects of the publication, including managerial, marketing, production, photography, editorial and subscription services. The wrap-around color portion of the magazine was printed at Triangle's state-of-the-art rotogravure plant at 440 North Broad Street in Philadelphia, adjacent to the Philadelphia Inquirer Building. Triangle Publications also maintained TV Guide sales offices in major metropolitan areas throughout the nation.
Another Triangle and The Atlantic Monthly Company success was Seventeen magazine, a publication started by Annenberg in 1944, featuring fashion tips and advice for teenage girls. Seventeen was published monthly and, like TV Guide, maintained a strong subscription base from 1944 to 1946.
America's horse racing enthusiasts relied heavily on the information and statistics provided in another of Triangle's publications, the Daily Racing Form. Established in 1894 by Frank Brunell, the Form started as a tabloid with regional distribution and was purchased by Moses Annenberg in 1922. Triangle merged the regional editions into a single broadsheet in the early 1970s when it moved operations into a new facility in Hightstown, New Jersey. The Daily Racing Form was one of Triangle's most profitable publications. A sister newspaper, The Morning Telegraph, was closed by Triangle during a strike.
In the early 1970s, Triangle launched Good Food, a digest-sized publication featuring recipes and feature stories, targeting average households. The magazine was designed and marketed along the same lines as TV Guide. Publication of the magazine was suspended after approximately six months due to minimal interest by consumers even like Playboy, A+, The Atlantic Monthly, Saturday Evening Post, Essence, Star & Sky Magazine, and Fortune Magazine.
Broadcasting
Triangle entered the broadcasting industry with the 1947 purchase of WFIL in Philadelphia from the department stores Lit Brothers and Strawbridge and Clothier. WFIL had evolved from Lit Brothers' WLIT (original call letters were WDAR) and Strawbridge's WFI radio stations, which had in the early days of commercial radio shared time on the same frequency. Walter Annenberg became interested in WFIL as it was one of the few radio stations that had FCC approval to also run a television station. Annenberg was granted the license to start WFIL-TV (now WPVI). Triangle also pioneered the concept of facsimile transmission (fax) over an FM band, transmitting its Philadelphia Inquirer as WFIL-FX. This innovative concept was short-lived as receiving equipment was both expensive and sparsely available for the average homeowner. Triangle's WFIL-TV was the first affiliate of the new American Broadcasting Company (ABC) network. While owned by Triangle, WFIL's AM, FM, and television stations were first broadcast from the Widener Building in Center City, Philadelphia. In 1948, Triangle built the first broadcast center specifically designed for television, at 4645 Market Street in Philadelphia, which later became the home of American Bandstand with Dick Clark. Triangle had hired Clark in 1952 to be an announcer, and, later, a DJ, on WFIL-AM. Clark became host of WFIL-TV's Bandstand program when the original host, Bob Horn, was arrested for alleged impaired driving in the midst of an anti-drunk-driving campaign by the Triangle-owned Philadelphia Inquirer.
Triangle expanded its broadcast interest during the 1950s and 1960s to include WNHC AM-FM-TV, Binghamton, New York's WNBF AM-FM-TV, Lebanon, Pennsylvania's WLYH-TV, Altoona, Pennsylvania's WFBG AM-FM-TV, and Fresno's KFRE AM-FM-TV. Triangle's broadcasting operations also reflected Walter Annenberg's interest and commitment to education, with the establishment of various over-the-airwaves educational programs and the "Educasting" operation. In January 1964, Triangle moved its WFIL stations and broadcasting division operations into a new state-of-the-art facility at 4100 City Avenue in the suburban Philadelphia Main Line region.
WFIL-TV is credited with pioneering the "Action News" format.
Liquidation of assets
In 1969, Triangle Publications sold The Philadelphia Inquirer and the Philadelphia Daily News to Knight Newspapers (later Knight-Ridder Newspapers) to comply with federal regulations restricting ownership of multiple media outlets within the same market. Pennsylvania Governor Milton Shapp had complained that Triangle had used its three Pennsylvania television stations in a smear campaign against him.
Triangle began divesting itself of its broadcasting operations with the sale of the WFIL, WNHC and KFRE stations in 1971, followed by the remaining stations in 1972. In 1988, Triangle Publications' remaining assets were sold to Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation for 2.83 billion dollars, in one of the largest financial transactions of the time.
Former Triangle assets
Newspapers
Philadelphia Daily News The Philadelphia Inquirer Periodicals
Click Daily Racing Form Elementary Electronics Seventeen TV Guide Good Food Magazine Stardom The Atlantic Monthly Star & Sky 1979-1981
Essence 1970-1985
A+ Magazine 1983-1989
The Saturday Evening Post
Playboy''
Television stations
Stations are arranged by state and city of license.
Radio stations
References
Category:Defunct broadcasting companies of the United States
Category:Defunct radio broadcasting companies of the United States |
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Image: Syfy
Over the last couple of seasons of television, critics and audiences have begun to pay a considerable amount of attention to the role of women and racial diversity on their favorite shows. Despite being set in the future, science fiction television has often been stubbornly stuck in the past. With its latest lineup, however, the Syfy channel has demonstrated that a proactive approach can create lasting change.
While visiting the sets of Dark Matter and Killjoys, I spent some time chatting with a fellow journalist, where we began to talk about how the channel’s new slate of shows had demonstrated some considerable changes in the science fiction world: across The Expanse, Dark Matter, Killjoys and 12 Monkeys, women and people of color were cast in lead or in prominent roles, with particular attention being paid to underprivileged groups in many instances. Recently, spoke with the showrunners of each production about their approach to envisioning their respective futures.
Image: Paramount
This isn’t a new set of changes: there’s been a number of notable examples lately where there have been some conscious decisions made during the casting phase of productions: just look at the cast of Star Wars: The Force Awakens, of Ghostbusters or of Orphan Black. Going even further back, there’s iconic characters such as Samantha Carter in the Stargate franchise, Commander Susan Ivanova of Babylon 5 and Lt. Nyota Uhura in Star Trek: female characters who have become iconic representations of a more representative future.
In 2013, the Syfy channel underwent some changes, with programming changes that brought along its current slate of programming. With these new shows came a new focus on presenting a diverse cast. Some of the network’s latest offerings, such as Twelve Monkeys, The Expanse, Dark Matter, Killjoys, and Wynonna Earp each prominently feature women and a diverse cast. It’s a positive and progressive step forward within science fiction television, but their actions show that this isn’t something that happens by accident: it’s a deliberate series of decisions that are made to make this happen.
Image: Syfy
During the opening of Dulcinea, the first episode of The Expanse, we’re treated to a voiceover from a man with a heavily accented speech.
But the immense resources and wealth that flow through our gates aren’t meant for us. Belters work the docks, loading and unloading precious cargo. We fix the filters and the pipes that keep this world living and breathing. We belters toil and suffer, with our hope and without end. And for what? One day Mars will use its might to wrest Ceres from Earth, and Earth will go to war to take it back. It’s all the same to us: no matter who controls Ceres, our home, we will always be slaves. That’s all we are to the Earthers and dusters. They built the solar system on our backs.
The scene passes from space and dives into Ceres station, flying through hangers and vents and living spaces, showing off the spectrum of the station’s inhabitants, from the ultra wealthy, with open spaces and grass, to grimy, poor market spaces. By the time we reach the belter speaking out against Earth and Mars, one can pick out the mix of ethnicities represented in the crowd, and a new distinguishing factor which will become a key element of the show: the belters themselves: in the low gravity of Ceres Station, they’ve grown tall and spindly: they also can’t return humanity’s home planet, as we watch Chrisjen Avasarala torture a belter spy by simply bringing him down to the planet’s surface.
The novels that make up The Expanse placed racial and wealth inequality as a key element of the story running in the background, while the adaptation has placed it firmly in the forefront: racial and economic tensions are a major part of what’s driving the story.
Mark Fergus, one of The Expanse’s showrunners told io9 that the books had laid much of the groundwork when it came to how the television adaptation depicted its future inhabited solar system:
“James S.A. Corey (Ty & Daniel) did much of the work for us in this regard. Characters like Chrisjen Avasarala, Naomi Nagata, Julie Mao and Bobbie Draper are already front and center in the novels. Corey was interested in portraying a world where the human race had evolved beyond sexism — only to be replaced by more ‘evolved’ expressions of hatred and racism. Ah, humanity.”
When it came to adapting the books, they approached the world in an unconventional way: ignoring all of the modern attitudes and build their own attitudes:
“An unexpected challenge of capturing Corey’s world view on screen, was to make a conscious effort to pare away the sexual politics and attitudes of today. This was especially important during the script writing stage of the process — we often needed to steer the reader away from modern-day reactions, that if left uncommented, would play against the intentions of a scene.”
Even as the network was presenting a diverse future, Fergus told us that the story was first and foremost. “It’s sometimes a slippery slope. In Season One, we changed one important, but minor character’s race, and some fans were pissed off. We had a very specific story reason for making this change — added to which, the best actor we auditioned happened to be of a different race. In the end, the story wins. You cast who best tells the story.”
This isn’t strictly limited to the network’s flagship show, either. Last summer’s show Killjoys presented viewers with Dutch, a bounty hunter who tracked down warrants for a living, a character who can hold her own with the likes of Sam Carter or Susan Ivanova.
Killjoys doesn’t stop there: the show’s entire first season looks back at the idea of wealth inequality and race. Set in The Quad, a trio of moons and parent planet, the world in which the show inhabits is stratified. The wealthiest live on Qresh, an Earth-like planet, where the undesirables and waste is exported. Westerly, one of the planet’s moons, has been strip-mined by the company for years, leaving it a toxic wasteland, while Leith is the system’s bread-basket, where workers are tagged and killed if they attempt to escape. Its inhabitants etch out a meager living, hoping to be rewarded after years of labor by an access pass to the planet.
Killjoys’ creator Michelle Lovretta said that the show in part came to be to address some things that troubled her as a girl reading science fiction. “If you look at season 1, look at the teaser.” She noted when asked about what things in science fiction bothered her during our trip up to Toronto. In the opening moments of Killjoys, we’re introduced to John after he’s been captured, while Dutch is brought in and threatened by a group of gangsters.
“The whole show was set up basically to spin a trope of bring in a woman and threaten rape on her. And that’s her story. Except I say ‘Fuck you.’ Her story is you’re going to bring her in and this is my plan, and I am the boss, and I’m going to take this and have an entire journey come from that, and that was really from a lot of stuff I saw as a young girl. You’re changing the channel and you see these things: the old Bronson movies, etc. You’re like ‘No, I don’t want that, I don’t want to live in a world like that, and I don’t want to pretend that that’s okay. So I flip it and as long as I do it in a way that I’m having fun, and the purpose of it is to entertain, then I’m good with it.”
Lovretta’s motivations for the show stemmed out of her desire to see a very different world than what she had read and watched in science fiction. “I don’t want to just meet myself.” she noted, “I don’t want to meet people who look like myself. I don’t just want to meet people who have sex the way that I do; I don’t like that world. I like a world that is full-bodied and has a lot of variety in it and that’s also something that we kind of commit to trying to do, because there’s nothing more boring and bland and sameless, and if you want to be bland, you shouldn’t be in sci-fi.”
Furthermore, she envisioned that the show featured a woman of color from the onset. “When I first pitched the show concept there hadn’t been a spaceship show on the air in years, so I was already anticipating a tough sell.” Lovretta told us in a recent interview. “On top of that, I was insisting on a WOC at the ship’s helm, which hadn’t exactly been done a million times. But Syfy was fully behind Dutch from the start, and together we made a conscious effort towards casting a diverse lead.”
Image: Syfy
In addition to presenting a world that was more inclusive when it came to gender and race, Killjoys (and her earlier show, Lost Girl) sought to present more inclusive viewpoints when it came to sexual attitudes:
“It’s my worldview. I’m an intensely non-political person, its when I tell a story, It has to come from my heart and it has to be something I believe there’s a kindness to it. There’s a lot of science fiction and there’s a lot of horror that comes from a place of darkness and it comes from a place of nihilism, and I’m just really frickin’ chipper. So, I can’t do that. I don’t want to watch that; I don’t want to make that, so often the people in my world have liberties, because I want to live in a world that grants those, and I don’t know why we wouldn’t. I don’t find that scary, I don’t find the idea of granting rights to the people around me as long as they don’t shit on me in the process, a scary thing, and so the worlds that I create are people who remind me of people that I work with, the people I grew up with and I went to school with, and it would feel fake to me to not have them around. So I don’t put them there for a purpose: I put them there because they’ve always been there, and it would feel like I was editing if I didn’t have them.”
Image: Syfy
The third space opera offering from Syfy is Dark Matter, which follows the crew of the Raza as they attempt to figure out who they were before their memories were wiped, and how to survive to complete their next job.
Creator Joseph Mallozzi came up with the idea of the show while working on Stargate SG-1, and put his original script together into a comic book, which was published by Dark Horse Comics before it was turned into the current iteration running on the Syfy Channel.
The comic book Mallozzi put together had established some character roles, and despite that, they decided that they wouldn’t be constrained by what had been put down in the book. “The Android was male,” Mallozzi noted, “when we were casting, we decided to use the comic book characters as a template,” When it came time to cast the characters, several were opened up to different genders. The role of Android, presented as male in the comic, went to Zoie Palmer.”
Mallozzi noted that while a diverse cast was important, the story and best actors before them were what would make the final cut: “Diversity is important. At the end of the day, when it came to casting, we went out to cast the best actor. Roger Cross [Six] was sort of a diverse choice, but he was the best actor for the role.”
The cast of the comic book was always envisioned as a diverse cast. “The character of Two, played by Melissa O’Neil, I always imagined her as Asian, but we opened it up to all ethnicities. She just happened to give the best performance.” Similarly, for the newer roles appearing in the show’s second season, the show worked to cast the best actors and actresses who auditioned. Mallozzi noted that their racially diverse cast “is reflective of society, and I think that’s great.”
When it came to 12 Monkeys, the production shared an advantage with The Expanse: they were working off of good source material from which they could work. Terry Matalas noted that they “were lucky that our main character, Cassandra Railly, already was a strong female character from the original film.”
“However, we wanted to make her even more active in the series. We knew we wanted to put Cassie and Cole (our time traveling savage) on equal footing, so we accelerated her arc by the second act of the pilot.”
The production decided to add some additional characters to the television show beyond what had been seen in the film: Jennifer Goines, a mathematician who aids Railly as the two of them work to uncover a world-wide conspiracy.
Like the other productions (all of which were filmed in Toronto), Matalas noted that the burden lies with their casting directors to create a world that looks real: “You want to be organic as best you can. Our casting directors rise to the occasion and find the talent.”
The collective efforts from each show demonstrate that building a strong, diverse show is a much larger effort than simply hoping that a diverse cast of actors comes through the door to the casting office. Systemic changes must happen on every level, from the writers to the network to the showrunners. Syfy seems to have bought in to this, supporting showrunners who have brought diverse properties before them, following up by making sure that they’re looking for the right people to populate their worlds.
The channel appears to be paying attention to some of the larger arguments that have been directed at the motion picture industry as a whole by including a wider range of ethnicities and genders in their productions. The end result is a slate of shows which increasingly look much like the population from which they come from. This isn’t just a matter of paying lip service to various groups who feel underrepresented: it’s good business. Earlier this year, UCLA released a report, 2016 Hollywood Diversity Report: Busine$$ As Usual?, which found that “Films with relatively diverse casts enjoyed the highest global box office receipts and the highest median return on investment.”, while shows that featured higher levels of diversity amidst their casts tended to do much better with the highly sought after demographics: “Median 18-49 view ratings (as well as median household ratings among whites, black Latinos and Asian Americans) peaked for broadcast scripted shows featuring casts that were greater than 40 percent minority.”
While science fiction has been celebrated as presenting diverse futures since the 1960s with Star Trek, the world has changed considerably in a half century, and with it, the futures that creators envision. With their latest slate of shows, Syfy has consciously pushed for more realistic looking worlds that we might someday inhabit.
Disclosure: Syfy paid for io9's transportation and lodging during a set visit earlier this year.
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