INSTRUCTION stringlengths 3 1.15k | RESPONSE stringlengths 1.65k 17.1k |
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First was general resentment over the presence of gothic soldiers in the city. | <0>2972<0>1472<0>1157<0>2338<0>1578<0>3545<0>2339<0>1846<0>3840<0>73<0>1277<0>746<0>746<0>3840<0>2123<0>2339<0>2531<0>254<0>73<0>234<0>2178<0>234<0>283<0>562<0>2338<0>2034<0>1219<0>2648<0>2531<0>5<0>234<0>3516<0>1277<0>1898<0>1136<0>3239<0>2594<0>2354<0>254<0>2535<0>5<0>2927<0>2338<0>2178<0>234<0>1578<0>3045<0>546<0>32... |
Sure, at the top levels, alliances shifted with the winds these days. | <0>3268<0>379<0>1157<0>2436<0>2436<0>3401<0>2019<0>2543<0>3867<0>1902<0>3404<0>3434<0>2176<0>1762<0>1488<0>1289<0>1578<0>321<0>2339<0>3404<0>475<0>2152<0>446<0>1114<0>3557<0>2009<0>491<0>1105<0>4028<0>3378<0>3918<0>175<0>5<0>3898<0>1547<0>2152<0>1578<0>3886<0>1377<0>1578<0>669<0>30<0>1578<0>955<0>1016<0>3164<0>3981<0>3... |
But down on the mass level, well, hadn't the Goths just been rampaging through our lands like just the other day? | <0>2700<0>1007<0>3472<0>1525<0>3443<0>3404<0>3840<0>3840<0>234<0>1982<0>2934<0>3045<0>746<0>2355<0>1370<0>1370<0>1488<0>2535<0>2239<0>2239<0>3116<0>3237<0>3147<0>2239<0>2921<0>3404<0>1883<0>2669<0>2138<0>2754<0>2239<0>3237<0>491<0>1190<0>3112<0>2338<0>3168<0>3297<0>3840<0>1981<0>1883<0>2921<0>234<0>2538<0>1059<0>3318<0... |
Wounds did not heal as quickly down here as they did in the corridors of power. | <0>1117<0>1007<0>1007<0>1007<0>679<0>3840<0>2239<0>2152<0>3297<0>1007<0>3404<0>3949<0>2199<0>1206<0>3297<0>2338<0>3385<0>877<0>3447<0>2626<0>3840<0>919<0>2595<0>3705<0>0<0>1300<0>1701<0>2054<0>1192<0>390<0>30<0>4044<0>4044<0>1532<0>3609<0>3253<0>3328<0>432<0>2178<0>288<0>1488<0>321<0>1370<0>1192<0>4044<0>1675<0>2551<0>... |
Second was the temperamental difference between the Greeks and the Goths when it came to the question of homosexuality. | <0>1857<0>2530<0>1042<0>368<0>2191<0>2052<0>2769<0>1007<0>3277<0>2152<0>1356<0>3447<0>1007<0>1981<0>235<0>2020<0>1488<0>2927<0>1136<0>2054<0>348<0>3840<0>2748<0>2799<0>3328<0>1442<0>1370<0>649<0>3686<0>103<0>2178<0>679<0>1157<0>1883<0>3151<0>2178<0>1578<0>326<0>1370<0>649<0>2646<0>1756<0>3253<0>3328<0>2034<0>2338<0>168... |
The former had no real problem with it, while the latter considered it a fairly heinous offense. | <0>2921<0>1007<0>3489<0>2865<0>1007<0>1618<0>2797<0>1830<0>2769<0>1441<0>1007<0>1981<0>628<0>1649<0>1862<0>1902<0>1981<0>2178<0>724<0>3253<0>2105<0>2639<0>1267<0>2293<0>390<0>3116<0>998<0>3135<0>1370<0>2178<0>2339<0>1362<0>1192<0>2034<0>283<0>517<0>517<0>1578<0>2531<0>2034<0>3253<0>2595<0>2454<0>2354<0>2143<0>2009<0>62... |
Locking up a star charioteer for homosexual activity then. | <0>954<0>1981<0>521<0>2626<0>3297<0>3377<0>1846<0>3793<0>3385<0>326<0>2648<0>1680<0>175<0>1849<0>1105<0>2034<0>3574<0>2105<0>4044<0>2668<0>3253<0>348<0>3239<0>1136<0>2178<0>175<0>3470<0>2708<0>1778<0>3579<0>2648<0>1851<0>368<0>3131<0>926<0>289<0>3253<0>2178<0>1095<0>2639<0>1759<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068... |
The third factor was that, well, yeaah, they were all pissed that the charioteer was going to be sitting in a cell on race day. | <0>3840<0>3592<0>1157<0>1157<0>2081<0>1978<0>2748<0>2748<0>256<0>628<0>2020<0>1007<0>3840<0>3277<0>546<0>1434<0>3129<0>2239<0>405<0>1117<0>1007<0>1157<0>1883<0>1883<0>443<0>614<0>3378<0>3060<0>2265<0>2756<0>1136<0>2178<0>196<0>1388<0>1547<0>1981<0>2510<0>2865<0>545<0>2955<0>1361<0>2959<0>2908<0>254<0>517<0>5<0>2404<0>9... |
The people of Thessalonica began to get hostile, and pretty soon a riot broke out. | <0>3840<0>2152<0>2935<0>1007<0>417<0>2499<0>2151<0>1594<0>3840<0>3840<0>1306<0>3472<0>546<0>3297<0>289<0>2485<0>679<0>623<0>2581<0>1136<0>1370<0>978<0>103<0>3151<0>1649<0>1748<0>1989<0>3237<0>3147<0>1108<0>3642<0>3297<0>1973<0>173<0>1011<0>3927<0>2338<0>2178<0>2020<0>1820<0>2756<0>797<0>2338<0>1370<0>833<0>2648<0>1639<... |
The gothic garrison wasn't nearly strong enough to get a handle on the mob, and they were quickly overrun. | <0>2152<0>3935<0>898<0>898<0>3695<0>1434<0>1525<0>1157<0>3695<0>3837<0>2185<0>3135<0>3840<0>196<0>3297<0>623<0>623<0>3297<0>2353<0>2762<0>1778<0>1192<0>2054<0>649<0>3665<0>2927<0>243<0>30<0>1059<0>2045<0>2338<0>2020<0>2339<0>3297<0>1442<0>1192<0>3151<0>3579<0>1649<0>1025<0>2178<0>3253<0>1370<0>1762<0>2339<0>83<0>1219<0... |
The gothic captain behind the arrest and most of his fellow officers were tracked down, killed, and their bodies dragged through the streets. | <0>2921<0>807<0>2735<0>3404<0>1618<0>29<0>1703<0>3447<0>1777<0>538<0>3297<0>546<0>1804<0>1007<0>2615<0>1206<0>2615<0>1370<0>2648<0>3385<0>1578<0>3762<0>3129<0>2239<0>2274<0>3642<0>492<0>3840<0>1026<0>256<0>1007<0>1857<0>3135<0>1883<0>3135<0>321<0>1218<0>3052<0>2143<0>2054<0>1578<0>1071<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>2700<0>443... |
News quickly reached Theodosius in Milan about what had happened, and he exploded with rage. | <0>3297<0>553<0>3277<0>2015<0>1007<0>83<0>2081<0>546<0>256<0>926<0>1205<0>1545<0>1206<0>3253<0>1370<0>2172<0>63<0>2338<0>2054<0>2339<0>1488<0>1370<0>1762<0>1569<0>2020<0>1370<0>1624<0>3195<0>1729<0>1973<0>432<0>1982<0>1639<0>3237<0>290<0>2594<0>3695<0>3176<0>2506<0>978<0>1582<0>2762<0>5<0>1370<0>1762<0>2568<0>1219<0>18... |
The gothic captain had been a trusted and loyal officer, as evidenced by the fact that he had been given command over the key city of Thessalonica. | <0>679<0>2375<0>1729<0>1902<0>900<0>1205<0>1472<0>1777<0>3695<0>3297<0>729<0>1858<0>807<0>679<0>4017<0>691<0>521<0>1857<0>326<0>2152<0>2556<0>2769<0>2178<0>2178<0>2339<0>1370<0>1488<0>287<0>3151<0>348<0>770<0>3927<0>2595<0>559<0>2907<0>2239<0>3237<0>3469<0>1759<0>2152<0>1552<0>1594<0>3840<0>3642<0>1545<0>1136<0>1370<0>... |
Before he could sleep on his anger, he sent orders off to the commander of the new and large garrison being brought in in the wake of the riot. The orders were as clear as they were evil. | <0>2921<0>1007<0>2146<0>2510<0>2152<0>1501<0>2152<0>2315<0>1846<0>546<0>1759<0>3404<0>2152<0>2152<0>623<0>475<0>2531<0>1675<0>276<0>2239<0>3386<0>368<0>3927<0>746<0>3798<0>1441<0>4008<0>2436<0>3695<0>2921<0>1883<0>1883<0>3695<0>679<0>1858<0>2756<0>1320<0>1827<0>3253<0>2531<0>2338<0>1898<0>1370<0>234<0>3328<0>919<0>623<... |
When the citizens of Thessalonica next filled up their hippodrome for a big race, the new garrison came down, locked all the doors, and then marched out into the crowd, swords drawn. Theodosius' orders had been plain. Indiscriminate slaughter. | <0>1007<0>1858<0>746<0>746<0>2922<0>3927<0>2152<0>2152<0>3840<0>2151<0>2151<0>1857<0>3135<0>3297<0>1206<0>3695<0>3297<0>3642<0>3695<0>2315<0>2440<0>3840<0>3135<0>3840<0>443<0>2626<0>3404<0>382<0>1883<0>256<0>1007<0>1981<0>1238<0>934<0>628<0>679<0>2668<0>2054<0>1370<0>475<0>2848<0>1578<0>1538<0>3164<0>1287<0>3164<0>2700... |
And pretty soon, over 7,000 men, women and children were dead. | <0>4052<0>1442<0>348<0>1401<0>926<0>3832<0>2152<0>3642<0>3297<0>1973<0>507<0>2338<0>759<0>2265<0>1419<0>3297<0>3297<0>2921<0>3695<0>3404<0>321<0>5<0>1502<0>3328<0>623<0>3642<0>4062<0>3179<0>443<0>2700<0>2239<0>2239<0>1117<0>3642<0>3642<0>3342<0>3284<0>3642<0>1730<0>2487<0>1488<0>2649<0>3516<0>3307<0>977<0>2239<0>1488<0... |
Even in the callous days of late antiquity, a time when life was cheap. | <0>703<0>368<0>779<0>1773<0>2152<0>546<0>1196<0>3621<0>2748<0>1883<0>3150<0>2762<0>193<0>3302<0>3291<0>63<0>3168<0>2020<0>192<0>2595<0>2178<0>3660<0>3869<0>2898<0>3513<0>1377<0>2239<0>2700<0>2307<0>2307<0>955<0>3277<0>1857<0>3443<0>3404<0>807<0>3297<0>2615<0>3297<0>2054<0>1192<0>978<0>1455<0>454<0>2972<0>2304<0>289<0>3... |
The massacre of Thessalonica appalled the citizens of the empire. | <0>2700<0>3180<0>697<0>1469<0>3695<0>1857<0>3409<0>3318<0>1618<0>3671<0>2034<0>1578<0>1288<0>3318<0>2339<0>2020<0>135<0>919<0>3022<0>2034<0>3018<0>443<0>1989<0>1331<0>2535<0>2178<0>89<0>3982<0>3982<0>2339<0>2020<0>208<0>4044<0>517<0>4044<0>4028<0>234<0>2338<0>3697<0>3302<0>1442<0>3151<0>3151<0>2648<0>3946<0>2427<0>3981... |
Even Theodosius understood that he had gone too far, which is why after sending out his initial order, he sent out another countermanding it, which of course arrived too late. Which meant that the emperor, author of the massacre, | <0>2335<0>386<0>368<0>3837<0>2838<0>2581<0>1206<0>1157<0>2176<0>3698<0>63<0>3052<0>2338<0>3516<0>2009<0>4028<0>517<0>234<0>1756<0>1701<0>2627<0>4028<0>3151<0>1639<0>2569<0>2497<0>3239<0>1007<0>545<0>3783<0>3151<0>1025<0>2700<0>2239<0>2239<0>955<0>2676<0>1117<0>3695<0>2152<0>3135<0>3962<0>1618<0>1007<0>1007<0>1973<0>275... |
Wound up as appalled as anyone that it had actually taken place. | <0>2669<0>898<0>3404<0>3840<0>1883<0>70<0>2338<0>63<0>443<0>3982<0>4008<0>4008<0>1370<0>3904<0>1994<0>3095<0>623<0>3297<0>2092<0>614<0>2178<0>2700<0>2700<0>3237<0>2307<0>2769<0>1449<0>2506<0>3253<0>72<0>1213<0>2199<0>2354<0>2312<0>3328<0>1801<0>212<0>3165<0>1639<0>2594<0>321<0>1192<0>1494<0>4074<0>175<0>2921<0>3981<0>3... |
When Ambrose learned of what had happened, he immediately pulled up stakes and left Milan for the countryside to consider his next move. | <0>2669<0>807<0>2783<0>746<0>1472<0>1618<0>628<0>1618<0>165<0>2338<0>649<0>3239<0>3982<0>3705<0>3230<0>2009<0>348<0>1284<0>3328<0>3882<0>740<0>3147<0>3129<0>1301<0>553<0>546<0>475<0>2375<0>2375<0>3594<0>3297<0>345<0>1518<0>2339<0>1370<0>5<0>3385<0>669<0>1635<0>2354<0>103<0>724<0>2020<0>3061<0>3927<0>2864<0>2339<0>1488<... |
The bishop knew that the emperor had just committed a grievous sin. That the emperor furthermore was a religious man. | <0>3840<0>3840<0>746<0>2638<0>1319<0>2353<0>3642<0>2626<0>2176<0>2838<0>807<0>1981<0>1370<0>1370<0>2899<0>2239<0>704<0>313<0>2032<0>3318<0>326<0>3705<0>649<0>3253<0>1855<0>684<0>1277<0>2898<0>2339<0>2338<0>1701<0>1899<0>175<0>4074<0>446<0>3869<0>2258<0>1649<0>1038<0>3147<0>955<0>955<0>3164<0>2676<0>1016<0>2299<0>2152<0... |
And that that meant that Ambrose had an opportunity to leverage the Emperor's guilt into something profitable. | <0>2921<0>2034<0>2176<0>1594<0>3045<0>954<0>3642<0>3642<0>2921<0>955<0>3118<0>746<0>1981<0>2176<0>1639<0>1578<0>2265<0>2176<0>432<0>998<0>2541<0>1883<0>1618<0>2440<0>135<0>1277<0>3123<0>3574<0>3808<0>175<0>2566<0>492<0>3591<0>2338<0>3253<0>1830<0>3378<0>440<0>2756<0>2054<0>1219<0>2338<0>649<0>3388<0>3187<0>546<0>1734<0... |
But rather than climb back up onto his bully pulpit, Ambrose was savvy enough to try a different tactic. | <0>1594<0>2541<0>3443<0>1230<0>2748<0>386<0>2221<0>1883<0>3404<0>807<0>2151<0>3377<0>3695<0>3840<0>1488<0>1192<0>2338<0>2338<0>234<0>2339<0>2020<0>2568<0>1442<0>2752<0>207<0>2780<0>2239<0>3973<0>2700<0>2700<0>1989<0>1172<0>2375<0>2410<0>3404<0>3404<0>3277<0>147<0>3927<0>3927<0>2151<0>1978<0>1654<0>3642<0>3579<0>3579<0>... |
He wrote the emperor a personal letter saying that unfortunately he would be unable to celebrate mass with Theodosius present until the emperor had publicly atoned for his sin. | <0>2353<0>386<0>3404<0>3404<0>1480<0>368<0>3555<0>807<0>2357<0>1618<0>1370<0>1370<0>619<0>1973<0>1734<0>998<0>898<0>1978<0>1594<0>3840<0>1441<0>2092<0>1370<0>3705<0>3705<0>1038<0>1748<0>2239<0>2700<0>3147<0>2239<0>3310<0>3927<0>838<0>623<0>553<0>3297<0>3297<0>1007<0>3404<0>3592<0>4074<0>2146<0>898<0>3187<0>3297<0>1117<... |
Ambrose was careful to say that he was not angry at the Emperor, and that this was not a punishment. | <0>1542<0>2410<0>1007<0>1157<0>3277<0>3840<0>1026<0>2440<0>3447<0>2221<0>3135<0>3840<0>3927<0>3663<0>1441<0>1378<0>2338<0>1007<0>1007<0>2151<0>546<0>3297<0>628<0>649<0>1300<0>1701<0>1738<0>3246<0>1370<0>1649<0>234<0>290<0>1748<0>2239<0>2185<0>426<0>5<0>73<0>3239<0>2769<0>1007<0>3404<0>1973<0>2191<0>1618<0>807<0>1449<0>... |
Instead saying that he was only doing what had to be done. | <0>3284<0>3642<0>3927<0>27<0>3663<0>2769<0>3927<0>553<0>623<0>3642<0>1732<0>1459<0>1287<0>2239<0>1441<0>3118<0>3297<0>3840<0>1981<0>1591<0>2615<0>1206<0>3297<0>2152<0>3180<0>1422<0>3151<0>105<0>1535<0>807<0>2023<0>3665<0>1671<0>3328<0>254<0>1370<0>432<0>3132<0>2700<0>2754<0>869<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<... |
And that he was in anguish over the damage it might cause to Theodosius' soul. | <0>3237<0>2700<0>2700<0>1022<0>73<0>3253<0>3253<0>3904<0>3253<0>3487<0>3695<0>1007<0>2185<0>2054<0>2487<0>1552<0>3151<0>2338<0>234<0>3808<0>1086<0>3253<0>3579<0>1899<0>3506<0>1442<0>1639<0>348<0>1434<0>3671<0>1136<0>3151<0>3579<0>1618<0>1260<0>1989<0>1025<0>147<0>2143<0>1678<0>3873<0>2649<0>2338<0>2172<0>63<0>1578<0>24... |
When Ambrose returned to Milan, Theodosius tried to call the bishop's bluff. But when he approached Ambrose's church, the bishop held fast, refusing the emperor entry. | <0>1007<0>2375<0>2716<0>3404<0>291<0>2972<0>1503<0>3748<0>1007<0>3642<0>840<0>1484<0>1488<0>1192<0>2178<0>2178<0>207<0>1989<0>3003<0>3386<0>3927<0>546<0>2151<0>3840<0>3832<0>3832<0>3695<0>1981<0>3143<0>1973<0>2541<0>3563<0>3135<0>234<0>517<0>3260<0>4075<0>3052<0>5<0>2339<0>1370<0>3151<0>1578<0>1805<0>2239<0>2239<0>4036... |
The honestly Christian Theodosius allowed himself to be turned away, and then proceeded to go into seclusion. | <0>2902<0>1547<0>1218<0>1902<0>3840<0>1594<0>3135<0>3297<0>2898<0>807<0>3832<0>3837<0>1579<0>1654<0>546<0>2419<0>2034<0>858<0>2404<0>1370<0>2178<0>1362<0>1007<0>2152<0>679<0>934<0>1370<0>2338<0>2258<0>1671<0>3609<0>2137<0>1370<0>2054<0>1074<0>1370<0>3120<0>424<0>2639<0>2899<0>955<0>2700<0>3237<0>3236<0>2338<0>2034<0>14... |
Remorseful over what he had done, and now deeply concerned over the fate of his immortal soul. | <0>443<0>2338<0>649<0>3982<0>562<0>1582<0>1819<0>507<0>2338<0>2020<0>321<0>3113<0>1701<0>1277<0>326<0>1370<0>2338<0>3328<0>290<0>3237<0>2239<0>3237<0>2754<0>2239<0>135<0>2595<0>3705<0>2700<0>289<0>289<0>2921<0>3297<0>3968<0>1022<0>446<0>1192<0>2178<0>3516<0>614<0>2338<0>1578<0>1594<0>546<0>1654<0>1667<0>2034<0>2687<0>6... |
He kept up a personal correspondence with Ambrose where the bishop again pressed him to publicly atone for his sin. How exactly the emperor might do this was unclear. | <0>2353<0>746<0>1525<0>1134<0>1157<0>3404<0>1338<0>484<0>3187<0>1846<0>3135<0>288<0>1370<0>3318<0>63<0>3151<0>2338<0>2338<0>3239<0>2034<0>2595<0>1192<0>2338<0>1192<0>2972<0>1202<0>2416<0>1675<0>3642<0>3832<0>1738<0>1031<0>1238<0>234<0>623<0>3297<0>1675<0>2298<0>348<0>1578<0>2338<0>3239<0>1649<0>2298<0>1362<0>2178<0>234... |
But eventually Theodosia settled on a path that might lead him to forgiveness. | <0>3310<0>1989<0>229<0>2151<0>3695<0>807<0>3277<0>3840<0>368<0>3832<0>546<0>546<0>2595<0>517<0>3732<0>63<0>4044<0>2908<0>1370<0>1981<0>1883<0>1883<0>3404<0>1883<0>2137<0>2338<0>348<0>2972<0>426<0>1639<0>3798<0>628<0>3297<0>1284<0>443<0>2339<0>3328<0>1701<0>3328<0>234<0>1857<0>326<0>1370<0>2627<0>628<0>2338<0>3328<0>157... |
Leaving his Imperial finery behind, Theodosius came down to Ambrose's church and proceeded to spend the next few months engaged in a mixture of prayer and groveling. | <0>2626<0>368<0>926<0>3297<0>2152<0>2152<0>3297<0>3798<0>1370<0>690<0>1846<0>446<0>2898<0>649<0>2034<0>649<0>289<0>1701<0>3151<0>324<0>1022<0>390<0>1287<0>1287<0>1287<0>1287<0>390<0>19<0>368<0>193<0>3404<0>3832<0>2152<0>326<0>1301<0>2152<0>3297<0>3642<0>1007<0>679<0>429<0>280<0>3486<0>1370<0>1370<0>389<0>517<0>3390<0>4... |
As fall turned to winter 390, the emperor's running display of fealty to the church finally convinced Ambrose that Theodosius could now be forgiven in the eyes of the Lord. | <0>1594<0>3927<0>2102<0>3471<0>3962<0>3695<0>1007<0>1007<0>3135<0>2922<0>1007<0>1944<0>1007<0>623<0>807<0>3642<0>1671<0>3239<0>1639<0>3762<0>2018<0>3477<0>1007<0>2838<0>746<0>2324<0>1618<0>3840<0>3277<0>2499<0>2339<0>1007<0>2152<0>3297<0>3297<0>3927<0>3665<0>3135<0>901<0>807<0>1582<0>3832<0>1206<0>3135<0>3695<0>289<0>2... |
I'm sure that the imperial promise to adopt stricter anti-pagan policies had nothing at all to do with Ambrose finally deciding to save Theodosius' soul from its impending doom. | <0>1883<0>3642<0>1449<0>764<0>1370<0>2034<0>2676<0>2676<0>2156<0>2639<0>3840<0>3840<0>623<0>3297<0>3642<0>3447<0>3987<0>1846<0>3151<0>2748<0>1981<0>234<0>1578<0>978<0>348<0>2531<0>321<0>1857<0>3927<0>2436<0>2853<0>2804<0>1973<0>1306<0>3642<0>2353<0>2185<0>348<0>3968<0>289<0>1277<0>234<0>1007<0>3135<0>2178<0>454<0>1701<... |
The showdown between Theodosius and Ambrose was a watershed moment for church-state relations. There had been conflicts between the two before. | <0>196<0>368<0>3055<0>1469<0>279<0>1472<0>3982<0>3974<0>1658<0>1007<0>475<0>2769<0>553<0>1011<0>2339<0>2338<0>2553<0>63<0>2419<0>951<0>3579<0>1488<0>628<0>389<0>3277<0>2700<0>4036<0>3029<0>2020<0>3318<0>2020<0>724<0>1820<0>1902<0>3404<0>3902<0>1849<0>2034<0>1277<0>2178<0>2178<0>2178<0>3545<0>348<0>789<0>906<0>2034<0>10... |
But up until this point, the state had always had the upper hand. | <0>196<0>3840<0>2151<0>992<0>1007<0>3910<0>1981<0>196<0>3966<0>1830<0>5<0>1488<0>649<0>2700<0>1071<0>3179<0>3237<0>1479<0>1277<0>1118<0>4074<0>2762<0>1469<0>926<0>1012<0>2354<0>405<0>2182<0>2152<0>934<0>2541<0>3563<0>3131<0>4001<0>2137<0>2178<0>1855<0>3246<0>1973<0>3225<0>3089<0>1011<0>229<0>1632<0>955<0>3981<0>2068<0>... |
Constantine had been deferential in his handling of the Christians. | <0>2081<0>1902<0>54<0>1857<0>1654<0>3297<0>1635<0>3253<0>1635<0>219<0>3297<0>2152<0>3328<0>1376<0>3444<0>3377<0>2898<0>1370<0>1401<0>2152<0>2338<0>1488<0>2898<0>548<0>1730<0>1306<0>1205<0>30<0>1502<0>614<0>1671<0>1502<0>1219<0>1649<0>1552<0>2419<0>388<0>1855<0>234<0>1331<0>1025<0>1989<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068... |
But there was never any doubt that when Push came to shove, the Emperor was in charge. | <0>1031<0>2799<0>1401<0>1472<0>2769<0>1525<0>934<0>291<0>3297<0>1485<0>3461<0>3579<0>2864<0>507<0>2054<0>1639<0>3151<0>1370<0>2034<0>917<0>1510<0>1519<0>1277<0>2927<0>35<0>35<0>1370<0>3579<0>3579<0>1219<0>1545<0>3412<0>807<0>679<0>2338<0>3579<0>3151<0>2700<0>2700<0>2239<0>771<0>2034<0>1502<0>1798<0>2541<0>1883<0>3579<0... |
As I said when I introduced Ambrose, had it not been for the bishop's kind of insane degree of self-confidence, it is possible that the Christian church would have remained forever the junior partner in the church-state alliance. | <0>1594<0>3927<0>2375<0>3927<0>953<0>1981<0>3899<0>901<0>2152<0>3187<0>807<0>3642<0>770<0>1011<0>3642<0>2898<0>1370<0>2338<0>2404<0>1989<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>1301<0>729<0>3045<0>2581<0>2152<0>898<0>1902<0>229<0>546<0>2152<0>3927<0>649<0>567<0>3840<0>2525<0>1849<0>575<0>3665<0>2239<0>1172<0>1213<0>691<0>2935<0>3555<0>... |
But Ambrose's resolve laid an enormously important precedent. Emperors and kings had power on earth, but the church controlled the fate of the soul. | <0>3840<0>3377<0>2716<0>2375<0>3404<0>3404<0>3277<0>334<0>1452<0>2338<0>2531<0>562<0>1488<0>1488<0>1488<0>1016<0>2676<0>2293<0>2676<0>2921<0>3135<0>1306<0>1306<0>1703<0>2769<0>3253<0>172<0>2338<0>2541<0>1981<0>3840<0>1594<0>1883<0>1306<0>459<0>2178<0>614<0>2535<0>1488<0>1370<0>3174<0>4036<0>2921<0>3339<0>454<0>1578<0>3... |
Now it should be noted that Theodosius' religious temperament played its own critical part in the laying of this precedent. | <0>2769<0>1157<0>3277<0>616<0>850<0>3075<0>546<0>1007<0>3516<0>649<0>2980<0>2239<0>3237<0>3052<0>2152<0>1020<0>3043<0>386<0>2604<0>2151<0>3277<0>1386<0>2152<0>2152<0>3592<0>5<0>1370<0>2176<0>3253<0>135<0>3385<0>477<0>2137<0>2178<0>1370<0>432<0>3132<0>2239<0>955<0>955<0>2700<0>2535<0>1157<0>2375<0>2848<0>2151<0>3135<0>6... |
Had he been the kind of ruler who only paid lip service to Christianity, it would not be hard to picture him simply tossing Ambrose out on his butt and installing a more agreeable bishop in his place. | <0>60<0>1190<0>2838<0>368<0>679<0>546<0>2152<0>3642<0>3748<0>3447<0>475<0>690<0>2338<0>3253<0>507<0>628<0>1370<0>1762<0>3027<0>2152<0>3135<0>2541<0>3287<0>3297<0>1800<0>546<0>3057<0>492<0>2070<0>1552<0>4044<0>2034<0>2338<0>978<0>4028<0>326<0>628<0>694<0>3260<0>1756<0>30<0>3516<0>649<0>649<0>1277<0>2239<0>3726<0>3237<0>... |
But Theodosius appears to have believed in Ambrose's power as God's representative on Earth. | <0>679<0>2436<0>746<0>2698<0>1470<0>3592<0>811<0>538<0>2543<0>755<0>807<0>807<0>1610<0>3840<0>196<0>3135<0>1441<0>1957<0>1206<0>779<0>1579<0>1214<0>2178<0>1370<0>2972<0>2016<0>63<0>2799<0>3579<0>1488<0>1370<0>3239<0>524<0>1370<0>3579<0>2972<0>1370<0>1370<0>1370<0>978<0>432<0>1168<0>3516<0>1488<0>1639<0>2921<0>1007<0>36... |
And it was this belief that proved decisive during the showdown over the Thessalonica massacre. | <0>3409<0>3447<0>2151<0>3840<0>2152<0>1020<0>3927<0>2006<0>3150<0>1441<0>1206<0>289<0>3614<0>3239<0>789<0>2700<0>2700<0>3642<0>2068<0>2799<0>3974<0>3143<0>1715<0>3927<0>1136<0>1624<0>1578<0>3904<0>2178<0>3075<0>3809<0>2626<0>3297<0>838<0>1166<0>348<0>3516<0>2211<0>2338<0>1639<0>5<0>2020<0>2054<0>2176<0>175<0>562<0>2642... |
Now, did this mean that every subsequent temporal ruler would now feel obligated to bow to the church? Not by a long shot. But it did mean that some of them would. | <0>3642<0>1007<0>3434<0>390<0>2700<0>405<0>3973<0>546<0>2152<0>2070<0>1746<0>3642<0>3297<0>3642<0>2866<0>2009<0>1007<0>3974<0>1011<0>1703<0>1618<0>1331<0>3592<0>2799<0>3642<0>196<0>3565<0>628<0>1738<0>327<0>1648<0>3117<0>2054<0>1219<0>1370<0>2339<0>2178<0>3253<0>1370<0>3151<0>2927<0>2178<0>771<0>3151<0>2178<0>1442<0>14... |
That in the coming conflicts between church and state that the church would have some firepower in their arsenal when they demanded fealty from the kings. | <0>1117<0>2070<0>2152<0>2152<0>3695<0>2748<0>2922<0>3840<0>2221<0>1902<0>3404<0>1902<0>807<0>3832<0>649<0>2748<0>3642<0>3297<0>2487<0>2034<0>1114<0>3132<0>327<0>3660<0>226<0>623<0>1665<0>114<0>2639<0>2156<0>2156<0>2156<0>2156<0>2639<0>3840<0>2152<0>1432<0>2530<0>1618<0>199<0>2748<0>746<0>521<0>3695<0>3840<0>1442<0>2102... |
It was presently standing barefoot in the snow outside the gates of Kenosha. | <0>2906<0>1858<0>3840<0>1202<0>1136<0>3318<0>3840<0>2339<0>2152<0>1594<0>1654<0>3642<0>3328<0>1277<0>3591<0>2615<0>348<0>348<0>1370<0>1348<0>234<0>175<0>3927<0>2152<0>2152<0>3840<0>3151<0>2535<0>2700<0>3237<0>2700<0>1541<0>1370<0>2338<0>934<0>2756<0>3239<0>1277<0>1545<0>30<0>1899<0>2762<0>1649<0>554<0>1982<0>1671<0>384... |
Theodosius, full of newfound Christian vigor, turned away from his previous policy of toleration, | <0>2700<0>3665<0>368<0>1547<0>2375<0>3579<0>978<0>2152<0>3695<0>1545<0>3762<0>3310<0>3052<0>1842<0>3695<0>2541<0>2541<0>1883<0>1883<0>2626<0>3297<0>623<0>3277<0>1594<0>3404<0>954<0>1883<0>3404<0>746<0>3832<0>3642<0>1238<0>3253<0>165<0>2034<0>2700<0>1428<0>1376<0>3237<0>3237<0>3237<0>3165<0>3165<0>2284<0>898<0>2922<0>10... |
And published a famous edict effectively banning paganism in the empire. | <0>1759<0>1007<0>3180<0>898<0>3150<0>2284<0>3072<0>3118<0>3695<0>553<0>3118<0>746<0>2143<0>3310<0>2152<0>785<0>2497<0>3762<0>2182<0>3237<0>2239<0>1376<0>2239<0>2799<0>1594<0>807<0>429<0>1007<0>3297<0>3297<0>1095<0>2176<0>3079<0>3642<0>3297<0>345<0>3720<0>2032<0>3697<0>3328<0>3609<0>2338<0>1639<0>2338<0>3598<0>1709<0>34... |
This edict was not unlike previous edicts banning paganism in the empire, so it is not quite the revolutionary piece of legislation it is often supposed to be. | <0>3180<0>2070<0>3927<0>850<0>850<0>900<0>3087<0>88<0>3135<0>3135<0>1020<0>3840<0>1472<0>2860<0>1973<0>1007<0>3135<0>807<0>2929<0>2295<0>2748<0>386<0>1206<0>3060<0>1578<0>3364<0>3328<0>1671<0>2338<0>3386<0>647<0>3447<0>348<0>3328<0>324<0>3480<0>386<0>3697<0>1114<0>2338<0>3918<0>3328<0>623<0>3840<0>2221<0>2648<0>1192<0>... |
But given the times, the influence of Ambrose, and the personal Christian piety of Theodosius, | <0>551<0>3370<0>1547<0>3840<0>3180<0>3665<0>3671<0>1618<0>2748<0>2748<0>679<0>3665<0>425<0>955<0>3164<0>2239<0>2492<0>1654<0>2152<0>2338<0>2338<0>2178<0>254<0>1632<0>3205<0>2716<0>746<0>1981<0>1157<0>3404<0>3840<0>1857<0>2573<0>1703<0>234<0>432<0>1649<0>2921<0>1618<0>3695<0>3592<0>1981<0>2548<0>2898<0>3447<0>2404<0>149... |
The edict wound up having more teeth than any of its predecessors. | <0>3973<0>2152<0>1674<0>703<0>2507<0>2698<0>704<0>1007<0>3404<0>3404<0>807<0>2740<0>2009<0>1444<0>348<0>2595<0>2416<0>3918<0>1488<0>1973<0>3545<0>1205<0>289<0>289<0>1855<0>2038<0>1376<0>1955<0>3642<0>2838<0>3328<0>1519<0>3798<0>1545<0>3151<0>898<0>807<0>3927<0>175<0>2972<0>2354<0>3614<0>2392<0>2307<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068... |
In Egypt, for example, a fanatical bishop named Theophilus seized on the Edict as an opportunity to destroy the five century old Serapium of Alexandria. | <0>2152<0>2838<0>368<0>3880<0>807<0>2853<0>978<0>1370<0>3239<0>4044<0>1827<0>1639<0>1488<0>1748<0>1649<0>1025<0>3237<0>349<0>1025<0>1007<0>3695<0>2152<0>746<0>2748<0>1230<0>3840<0>3180<0>120<0>807<0>1449<0>807<0>870<0>919<0>649<0>517<0>239<0>2668<0>321<0>1981<0>348<0>614<0>2178<0>4044<0>3310<0>3466<0>2700<0>2018<0>2762... |
One of the largest and greatest temples of the pagan world. | <0>1989<0>1117<0>1007<0>3840<0>2338<0>2020<0>1192<0>1680<0>3239<0>2419<0>2143<0>948<0>3237<0>2719<0>3328<0>562<0>2020<0>628<0>3194<0>3910<0>454<0>2009<0>2338<0>1488<0>2339<0>1973<0>234<0>234<0>180<0>1624<0>684<0>3918<0>1488<0>1484<0>321<0>1488<0>2987<0>2427<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068... |
When the Serapium fell, the last remaining portion of the Library of Alexandria fell with it. | <0>1883<0>1007<0>2152<0>746<0>2510<0>1902<0>1973<0>1434<0>3297<0>3239<0>1578<0>3927<0>2151<0>484<0>1488<0>1488<0>1649<0>3393<0>2307<0>2700<0>1639<0>2176<0>3840<0>2151<0>2748<0>1857<0>1026<0>2748<0>901<0>3297<0>196<0>1883<0>4008<0>746<0>3557<0>432<0>2178<0>2339<0>1370<0>3705<0>2338<0>3253<0>1519<0>628<0>3151<0>3107<0>15... |
And the world's eyes turned to see how Theodosius would react. The Emperor did nothing. | <0>1989<0>2178<0>2020<0>2339<0>3150<0>2512<0>2921<0>1978<0>1902<0>3663<0>3310<0>1213<0>898<0>3840<0>3297<0>63<0>3927<0>1206<0>1206<0>1636<0>1136<0>175<0>1578<0>2454<0>1701<0>3486<0>3239<0>2404<0>389<0>1675<0>2338<0>3253<0>667<0>3705<0>1617<0>955<0>2612<0>2239<0>1989<0>2239<0>3237<0>2700<0>3116<0>2700<0>3237<0>2700<0>31... |
Signaling to Christian extremists that in their war against paganism, the gloves could now really come off. | <0>3534<0>2152<0>3439<0>1007<0>3642<0>3642<0>2921<0>898<0>746<0>3832<0>3642<0>1386<0>2354<0>1978<0>623<0>3642<0>746<0>2038<0>2239<0>2239<0>1108<0>290<0>3904<0>3253<0>2034<0>1192<0>2395<0>666<0>2510<0>1617<0>3642<0>2769<0>1202<0>901<0>289<0>3328<0>234<0>2338<0>1675<0>2700<0>3726<0>3726<0>3726<0>2239<0>869<0>2152<0>1370<... |
In the summer of 391, Theodosius decided that perhaps it was time for him to be leaving Milan. | <0>1007<0>1858<0>3927<0>1157<0>1157<0>3404<0>1102<0>2034<0>172<0>2531<0>3328<0>2178<0>1488<0>3516<0>3918<0>2700<0>2239<0>2038<0>2921<0>934<0>368<0>1547<0>2151<0>3840<0>3832<0>2152<0>3832<0>2152<0>934<0>2648<0>3253<0>2092<0>2034<0>1973<0>4074<0>3443<0>3404<0>1857<0>3277<0>196<0>3592<0>2642<0>1370<0>3579<0>2338<0>348<0>5... |
Technically, he and Valentinian still adhered to the east-west power sharing system, and Theodosius' stay in Italy was always meant to be temporary. | <0>1219<0>3045<0>2180<0>2152<0>538<0>1370<0>3253<0>1912<0>2156<0>2683<0>1287<0>1221<0>2769<0>2070<0>2152<0>2151<0>1981<0>229<0>1022<0>2152<0>919<0>1635<0>2185<0>1880<0>1880<0>1683<0>1846<0>1102<0>103<0>2668<0>348<0>3239<0>1855<0>3328<0>2506<0>3123<0>3438<0>919<0>2323<0>2191<0>2178<0>2648<0>1578<0>2987<0>691<0>2102<0>18... |
It was time for the Eastern Augustus to return to the Eastern provinces where he belonged. | <0>3014<0>3974<0>3695<0>746<0>1157<0>2151<0>2324<0>3695<0>2838<0>1654<0>919<0>2404<0>807<0>623<0>1678<0>2648<0>1578<0>1578<0>454<0>1943<0>1370<0>326<0>3377<0>1007<0>1981<0>2769<0>3873<0>3613<0>1701<0>1610<0>2338<0>1442<0>3377<0>3962<0>1442<0>2105<0>63<0>432<0>2105<0>1071<0>3147<0>2754<0>3237<0>2548<0>2648<0>554<0>1671<... |
But Theodosius, clearly the senior Augustus in all but name. | <0>2799<0>1020<0>3927<0>850<0>1547<0>1007<0>2972<0>2762<0>3840<0>1830<0>1071<0>2307<0>3310<0>3973<0>2199<0>3840<0>1401<0>1846<0>2581<0>3626<0>175<0>4074<0>3118<0>3297<0>1635<0>1370<0>1442<0>30<0>2355<0>3927<0>3239<0>1578<0>2538<0>2178<0>443<0>1488<0>1488<0>234<0>552<0>623<0>623<0>2815<0>1639<0>1062<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<... |
Had no intention of just leaving Valentinian to his own devices. | <0>757<0>3447<0>3297<0>546<0>1157<0>1007<0>2152<0>554<0>1624<0>1578<0>135<0>3579<0>3579<0>3253<0>270<0>1649<0>2239<0>3168<0>919<0>919<0>1635<0>614<0>2648<0>3579<0>2178<0>648<0>531<0>3873<0>1635<0>1688<0>2404<0>234<0>2176<0>2178<0>3798<0>2338<0>2541<0>3118<0>175<0>1114<0>2972<0>1031<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>... |
Now 15, the boy still needed a guardian, and the western provinces still needed a strong hand to protect them. | <0>2921<0>746<0>3443<0>2221<0>3904<0>4044<0>2440<0>3598<0>1671<0>1442<0>1989<0>3237<0>955<0>2700<0>2921<0>3840<0>3135<0>3135<0>3935<0>1205<0>3534<0>2543<0>1883<0>2152<0>1206<0>2581<0>3194<0>1114<0>321<0>1370<0>1519<0>3328<0>234<0>1989<0>2239<0>869<0>3147<0>3774<0>679<0>3135<0>2510<0>2152<0>3143<0>807<0>3180<0>2648<0>26... |
So Theodosius installed his old loyal Frankish general Arbogast to act as the master of Valentinian's armed forces. | <0>3264<0>3791<0>3594<0>2698<0>1547<0>3404<0>1582<0>2826<0>63<0>426<0>4044<0>3403<0>3982<0>2178<0>3041<0>1370<0>998<0>4008<0>3444<0>2669<0>3389<0>545<0>1370<0>1370<0>180<0>446<0>1618<0>580<0>3453<0>694<0>1723<0>630<0>3705<0>2178<0>2548<0>287<0>1311<0>1370<0>321<0>1136<0>1974<0>1857<0>2354<0>3762<0>290<0>290<0>3762<0>30... |
Not only did Theodosius had complete confidence in Arbogast's ability as a soldier, | <0>3297<0>3899<0>1902<0>1484<0>1858<0>3297<0>2769<0>403<0>553<0>2581<0>3840<0>2172<0>388<0>2525<0>3837<0>2921<0>196<0>2535<0>3135<0>1957<0>3022<0>454<0>2898<0>1218<0>1578<0>3239<0>3328<0>934<0>2038<0>1370<0>1311<0>1370<0>321<0>2648<0>2648<0>3385<0>175<0>234<0>2020<0>1114<0>1519<0>2972<0>2972<0>1594<0>2541<0>2976<0>1855... |
Arbogast was not eligible to ever become emperor himself, so Theodosius would not have to worry about some Maximus-esque usurpation going on. It all added up to the same thing. | <0>3237<0>2239<0>2102<0>595<0>1883<0>54<0>2648<0>1618<0>3545<0>2020<0>1370<0>73<0>1007<0>3404<0>3164<0>1594<0>2339<0>2020<0>1486<0>1442<0>3786<0>2020<0>288<0>3469<0>2325<0>1010<0>3404<0>3840<0>289<0>2199<0>1370<0>2178<0>2864<0>1804<0>1639<0>175<0>2034<0>2926<0>1277<0>1578<0>1594<0>3404<0>1218<0>1578<0>1649<0>1071<0>323... |
Leaving Arbogast in charge of the military meant Theodosius would never again have to worry about marching west to fight a civil war. | <0>3419<0>368<0>2375<0>746<0>2221<0>2541<0>1981<0>54<0>1370<0>1370<0>1026<0>2152<0>1855<0>2265<0>3403<0>1370<0>432<0>2178<0>724<0>1982<0>2178<0>2338<0>2404<0>2648<0>580<0>1775<0>2239<0>2239<0>2239<0>196<0>807<0>2626<0>3660<0>623<0>3776<0>1370<0>1747<0>2404<0>5<0>1538<0>390<0>2239<0>2176<0>552<0>172<0>3447<0>3404<0>2196... |
Less than a year after heading back to Constantinople, Valentinian II will be dead, Arbogast will be in revolt, | <0>924<0>1981<0>2151<0>3927<0>3850<0>623<0>1654<0>2152<0>386<0>1401<0>2436<0>2748<0>2748<0>3277<0>2748<0>839<0>2581<0>3297<0>219<0>2324<0>919<0>1857<0>1981<0>1007<0>3118<0>3642<0>562<0>3253<0>2535<0>1488<0>327<0>611<0>1649<0>234<0>1748<0>2239<0>2980<0>628<0>2339<0>3873<0>1624<0>135<0>3253<0>3328<0>1288<0>2137<0>978<0>1... |
And Theodosius will once again find himself marching west to fight a civil war. | <0>1170<0>3968<0>1525<0>3592<0>3837<0>2563<0>623<0>3135<0>2338<0>1723<0>3513<0>1132<0>2156<0>530<0>2639<0>443<0>2020<0>3135<0>1157<0>3927<0>2581<0>623<0>1007<0>2152<0>2898<0>3404<0>3297<0>3642<0>3297<0>3927<0>3150<0>3563<0>2102<0>2054<0>562<0>3166<0>3642<0>2023<0>2339<0>3120<0>4074<0>2143<0>3052<0>2307<0>3018<0>611<0>2... |
So yeaah, sorry about last week. I forgot to leave time in my schedule for an emergency appendectomy, so the show had to be tabled. | <0>2354<0>3927<0>2151<0>3404<0>1846<0>3974<0>1567<0>2838<0>901<0>3591<0>3404<0>1973<0>1649<0>1578<0>3695<0>2541<0>3591<0>954<0>1370<0>443<0>2339<0>2642<0>2315<0>3052<0>3075<0>1899<0>1310<0>3973<0>1329<0>3116<0>2239<0>4095<0>2221<0>898<0>3591<0>2152<0>1230<0>3840<0>3404<0>2357<0>2541<0>1777<0>63<0>2020<0>2581<0>3861<0>1... |
I'm sure this came as a disappointment, but as many of you noted, had this been Roman times, I'd probably be dead right now. So I suppose we should all just count our blessings. | <0>1025<0>898<0>746<0>2922<0>3906<0>1452<0>3927<0>1703<0>553<0>475<0>746<0>2152<0>770<0>2921<0>196<0>1981<0>475<0>2357<0>1434<0>3116<0>3237<0>1219<0>1277<0>3135<0>3840<0>1649<0>2239<0>3545<0>2151<0>3642<0>954<0>807<0>623<0>3118<0>3297<0>1701<0>3328<0>1502<0>3579<0>3516<0>1277<0>2004<0>1199<0>1850<0>1007<0>234<0>73<0>12... |
I'd personally like to thank the fine people at Seton Medical Center in Austin, Texas for taking me apart and putting me back together so efficiently. And without further ado, let's get back into this thing. | <0>19<0>898<0>3642<0>1649<0>2034<0>254<0>2921<0>3297<0>2176<0>3675<0>3239<0>2338<0>348<0>1022<0>1973<0>2338<0>446<0>348<0>229<0>3973<0>2627<0>3027<0>2339<0>443<0>2137<0>3616<0>1582<0>2323<0>1962<0>234<0>2178<0>1370<0>2338<0>2178<0>1578<0>1578<0>2324<0>1007<0>2578<0>2388<0>1442<0>1973<0>2178<0>1973<0>1552<0>1748<0>196<0... |
Though I'd like to apologize in advance for this episode being a little shorter than usual. I'm not really back to 100% strength just yet and decided to scale back my ambitions a bit rather than pushing forward too hard, too fast. | <0>821<0>3297<0>2196<0>2626<0>2123<0>521<0>3297<0>1981<0>256<0>3472<0>1117<0>327<0>2422<0>2176<0>1486<0>2458<0>1300<0>2338<0>1982<0>4095<0>3642<0>3297<0>2199<0>2199<0>3982<0>2178<0>3297<0>3444<0>934<0>1675<0>977<0>1578<0>389<0>3579<0>1639<0>2627<0>3697<0>3328<0>3697<0>2649<0>443<0>3027<0>35<0>1680<0>1370<0>2054<0>290<0... |
Theodosius had just finished doing his penance for ordering the massacre at Thessalonica and in the early summer 391 had decided it was time to head back to Constantinople. | <0>3116<0>3665<0>368<0>1547<0>256<0>2332<0>1386<0>2152<0>5<0>2700<0>746<0>2185<0>850<0>1469<0>2972<0>3018<0>807<0>1011<0>2527<0>1434<0>3840<0>3297<0>1022<0>1486<0>1219<0>1500<0>2769<0>3328<0>2178<0>1578<0>2756<0>3543<0>1765<0>3786<0>3982<0>1370<0>2531<0>1502<0>3123<0>1277<0>3918<0>30<0>1578<0>3385<0>1552<0>1114<0>3705<... |
Left behind to govern the western provinces was the now 20 year old Valentinian II, who had for a few years now technically been the senior Augustus of the empire, although he had never even once been treated as such. | <0>2669<0>2436<0>1973<0>1902<0>1618<0>2530<0>386<0>289<0>1010<0>2102<0>3297<0>3297<0>2178<0>1362<0>2354<0>2531<0>2178<0>1370<0>1136<0>1639<0>3052<0>2338<0>978<0>3052<0>1019<0>3165<0>1846<0>3840<0>1654<0>3297<0>807<0>1981<0>3949<0>1331<0>1441<0>3840<0>546<0>3906<0>2541<0>774<0>2020<0>2338<0>54<0>2339<0>234<0>1849<0>3598... |
Even now, totally old enough to be ruling in his own right, Valentini was still treated as the same powerless figurehead that he'd been treated as his whole life. | <0>3681<0>386<0>3927<0>1452<0>1547<0>1973<0>1488<0>1222<0>1805<0>1108<0>1172<0>2700<0>691<0>3489<0>3512<0>3840<0>318<0>2123<0>2976<0>3840<0>2312<0>2338<0>1578<0>1095<0>1951<0>1219<0>2054<0>2675<0>1502<0>1502<0>3253<0>2338<0>2178<0>2178<0>1192<0>1778<0>1540<0>771<0>2700<0>3237<0>3237<0>3237<0>2700<0>196<0>1469<0>3404<0>... |
Only now, rather than being dominated by Justina and Ambrose, a new puppet master stepped forward to take over the Imperial strings. | <0>2745<0>2023<0>546<0>2375<0>2151<0>3434<0>1488<0>998<0>2700<0>2239<0>1219<0>2921<0>521<0>833<0>196<0>3297<0>3297<0>1206<0>3297<0>196<0>2338<0>2898<0>3798<0>2627<0>2627<0>2088<0>3579<0>3120<0>1502<0>3665<0>1578<0>3545<0>289<0>338<0>234<0>432<0>3239<0>1632<0>2278<0>3968<0>3131<0>1981<0>2178<0>3579<0>175<0>3665<0>3237<0... |
A Frankish general appointed by Theodosius to command the armies of the west. | <0>3543<0>321<0>1370<0>771<0>1974<0>2987<0>1019<0>2354<0>1989<0>2754<0>2239<0>3179<0>2239<0>3392<0>1213<0>1978<0>807<0>3143<0>3155<0>2930<0>900<0>490<0>1981<0>2123<0>1639<0>592<0>327<0>3297<0>3297<0>1981<0>807<0>3867<0>1206<0>2581<0>1955<0>3579<0>858<0>1202<0>3310<0>2569<0>3545<0>1639<0>30<0>2178<0>234<0>2564<0>2170<0>... |
The general took his role as protector of the western provinces seriously. | <0>3840<0>1452<0>2375<0>2898<0>3962<0>4089<0>3592<0>3472<0>3935<0>3277<0>2339<0>3962<0>2994<0>3579<0>4044<0>1370<0>1973<0>746<0>219<0>1979<0>2531<0>2176<0>2338<0>2054<0>321<0>4075<0>1855<0>1639<0>2178<0>3151<0>1311<0>3579<0>2105<0>3660<0>4044<0>4074<0>2323<0>2531<0>684<0>1578<0>1331<0>1632<0>3293<0>2239<0>1989<0>602<0>... |
And took Valentinian's role as Emperor not very seriously at all. | <0>2646<0>1434<0>2152<0>3832<0>2799<0>2625<0>3027<0>2531<0>1762<0>234<0>1899<0>1730<0>386<0>546<0>3297<0>3328<0>2338<0>3982<0>3543<0>443<0>3151<0>4044<0>1260<0>807<0>327<0>2338<0>2338<0>5<0>2899<0>1875<0>2573<0>955<0>1025<0>2099<0>1206<0>3404<0>1973<0>2700<0>3973<0>30<0>321<0>3574<0>2354<0>2564<0>2338<0>2393<0>1582<0>1... |
It is possible that Justina may have been able to act as a check on Arbogast's growing power. | <0>429<0>546<0>746<0>3029<0>1902<0>1902<0>3314<0>2921<0>3135<0>1955<0>3297<0>2187<0>3935<0>1007<0>446<0>1206<0>3297<0>3840<0>3798<0>2099<0>3<0>3118<0>561<0>2178<0>1114<0>1300<0>649<0>2178<0>1370<0>3616<0>2927<0>2648<0>704<0>1114<0>2338<0>2980<0>1154<0>35<0>1242<0>43<0>1973<0>2178<0>1639<0>651<0>1370<0>614<0>1973<0>1136... |
But at some point, either just before or just after Theodosius left Milan, the Empress died, leaving her son to fend for himself, and he would not fend very well at all. | <0>2700<0>614<0>807<0>3594<0>3927<0>1007<0>1442<0>2745<0>1846<0>475<0>2350<0>1136<0>3516<0>1320<0>3622<0>3695<0>1031<0>1007<0>978<0>2062<0>1488<0>443<0>3543<0>321<0>3614<0>2804<0>1132<0>2355<0>3404<0>348<0>3545<0>3239<0>3429<0>1377<0>2649<0>1639<0>3260<0>517<0>165<0>1370<0>1973<0>1488<0>2548<0>3563<0>1883<0>2176<0>1649... |
The first thing Arbogast did was move the imperial court up to Trier, where he would have a better vantage point from which to survey the Rhine frontier. | <0>3840<0>3131<0>898<0>1230<0>3927<0>1547<0>3434<0>2541<0>1846<0>954<0>54<0>2338<0>1857<0>3966<0>135<0>1639<0>2239<0>1219<0>2921<0>1007<0>3840<0>679<0>3022<0>294<0>546<0>2324<0>2572<0>235<0>3974<0>3730<0>288<0>321<0>3470<0>1136<0>1639<0>921<0>2930<0>3385<0>2034<0>3708<0>175<0>2683<0>2676<0>3973<0>196<0>1981<0>1309<0>33... |
Various Germanic tribes, including members of Arbogast's own Frankish communities, had taken the opportunity of Maximus's revolt and the subsequent lack of an imperial presence in the region. | <0>3097<0>746<0>1469<0>2208<0>3927<0>2284<0>807<0>807<0>2152<0>2388<0>3187<0>691<0>3579<0>3579<0>2178<0>2199<0>1026<0>3118<0>3297<0>2626<0>3840<0>2922<0>2848<0>3297<0>649<0>1639<0>2176<0>2338<0>3660<0>1639<0>1370<0>1762<0>771<0>1820<0>614<0>2191<0>2648<0>1136<0>3660<0>5<0>2020<0>2338<0>1578<0>2211<0>1502<0>1899<0>1849<... |
To raid into the Roman provinces and make off with as much as they could. | <0>2676<0>789<0>291<0>1117<0>2151<0>900<0>1501<0>3390<0>1501<0>2152<0>3642<0>3840<0>1981<0>1981<0>954<0>3798<0>1639<0>611<0>1981<0>3579<0>2980<0>3660<0>389<0>326<0>1632<0>3052<0>901<0>546<0>3642<0>1011<0>3404<0>1136<0>3151<0>1883<0>3798<0>1114<0>2338<0>2178<0>3579<0>1510<0>1114<0>5<0>649<0>3277<0>3592<0>833<0>1639<0>25... |
Despite the General's connection to the tribes of the Lower Rhine, they had overstepped the bounds of propriety and needed to be punished. | <0>3472<0>3277<0>898<0>1010<0>945<0>2627<0>2151<0>3404<0>2748<0>1857<0>3143<0>3642<0>807<0>860<0>3642<0>229<0>2338<0>1830<0>992<0>1902<0>1981<0>234<0>1370<0>2338<0>2178<0>1762<0>3580<0>2020<0>1192<0>1762<0>1502<0>3299<0>2700<0>2700<0>2239<0>196<0>546<0>2848<0>1275<0>4035<0>885<0>3867<0>3401<0>1973<0>3277<0>446<0>2151<0... |
So for the rest of 391, Arbogast led a campaign against his erstwhile people, and by all accounts, whipped them back into place pretty quick. | <0>3534<0>291<0>2626<0>3404<0>2735<0>1857<0>2191<0>2191<0>3370<0>807<0>2748<0>546<0>475<0>545<0>3404<0>210<0>2102<0>1883<0>954<0>256<0>3404<0>1211<0>1846<0>226<0>29<0>3695<0>3297<0>196<0>2345<0>3968<0>3297<0>3297<0>3123<0>2178<0>1578<0>517<0>2404<0>5<0>2338<0>1943<0>1311<0>1136<0>3946<0>3143<0>289<0>614<0>1488<0>1649<0... |
This battlefield success led to Arbogast's growing sense of entitlement, and his ego began to run away with him. | <0>653<0>1773<0>3927<0>2151<0>898<0>1218<0>2354<0>2543<0>2199<0>3277<0>1026<0>4074<0>3841<0>1370<0>2338<0>3018<0>2551<0>3840<0>2151<0>3472<0>2420<0>787<0>1883<0>1819<0>210<0>1370<0>1973<0>2354<0>614<0>2178<0>1007<0>2626<0>3297<0>1578<0>2034<0>63<0>2338<0>3328<0>978<0>2756<0>1370<0>2178<0>2178<0>2700<0>3018<0>3237<0>323... |
Although, it's not like he didn't have good reason to be arrogant. | <0>2745<0>1007<0>1157<0>2436<0>1846<0>4088<0>2239<0>3147<0>2700<0>2867<0>850<0>2848<0>4074<0>3043<0>1219<0>2152<0>2748<0>1680<0>2045<0>3497<0>703<0>2152<0>546<0>703<0>746<0>3401<0>3695<0>3882<0>614<0>147<0>3131<0>3798<0>2178<0>628<0>1855<0>1578<0>432<0>2105<0>2178<0>290<0>294<0>3097<0>219<0>3404<0>1620<0>294<0>3018<0>2... |
Here he was, a seasoned and decorated general, personally appointed by Theodosius to run the military of the entire western empire. | <0>3388<0>386<0>2716<0>1957<0>1846<0>321<0>2034<0>389<0>1552<0>3622<0>3297<0>1855<0>4074<0>3143<0>1501<0>3695<0>3297<0>3297<0>3444<0>3297<0>648<0>2860<0>3453<0>1973<0>1370<0>2531<0>2032<0>1277<0>2454<0>2927<0>3579<0>797<0>443<0>3018<0>2239<0>3018<0>3773<0>898<0>3277<0>3832<0>3840<0>3135<0>2783<0>3404<0>1649<0>1883<0>32... |
He had proven his loyalty, proven his worth and probably felt like he had earned the free hand he was now assuming he had. | <0>2711<0>368<0>548<0>2625<0>2191<0>2799<0>2626<0>679<0>2152<0>2152<0>1219<0>614<0>3579<0>2054<0>5<0>684<0>290<0>955<0>2700<0>2700<0>2700<0>3052<0>2799<0>690<0>954<0>2187<0>432<0>1284<0>2339<0>2123<0>1973<0>2338<0>2594<0>2907<0>955<0>2293<0>390<0>1172<0>3014<0>807<0>229<0>1862<0>521<0>1639<0>196<0>3131<0>3187<0>1777<0>... |
And besides, what was his alternative? To pay attention to the opinions of some untested youth who had been dominated for the last decade by a woman and a priest? | <0>1542<0>807<0>3840<0>1880<0>2081<0>1973<0>348<0>2105<0>1552<0>2683<0>2156<0>2676<0>2700<0>359<0>3135<0>2499<0>3840<0>3695<0>3840<0>1147<0>1883<0>1857<0>3404<0>2716<0>1502<0>2178<0>1805<0>425<0>1974<0>1974<0>425<0>2293<0>2293<0>1603<0>3297<0>3663<0>3935<0>193<0>1356<0>623<0>2152<0>193<0>3297<0>3642<0>3297<0>3555<0>184... |
Beyond doing whatever he felt like doing whenever he felt like doing it when it came to military matters, Arbogast started appointing his own ministers to various bureaucratic positions without consulting the emperor. | <0>653<0>746<0>1472<0>840<0>2152<0>3131<0>807<0>3297<0>690<0>291<0>3404<0>1855<0>1855<0>978<0>3840<0>998<0>2339<0>1099<0>704<0>1756<0>2178<0>3123<0>2178<0>2416<0>361<0>3957<0>279<0>2338<0>2338<0>1701<0>2009<0>1362<0>443<0>58<0>1502<0>3018<0>649<0>3328<0>3114<0>552<0>2178<0>2497<0>3837<0>1300<0>3328<0>2178<0>1667<0>2258... |
And then giving those ministers the authority to overrule decisions made by Valentinians appointed ministers. | <0>3097<0>807<0>2152<0>3297<0>3342<0>2581<0>3249<0>3297<0>2185<0>2338<0>3808<0>3307<0>517<0>348<0>1849<0>649<0>3239<0>3364<0>785<0>1578<0>3695<0>545<0>3404<0>684<0>1667<0>3946<0>1935<0>3253<0>507<0>443<0>3898<0>2615<0>1955<0>234<0>1578<0>1960<0>172<0>234<0>2338<0>1639<0>3373<0>429<0>338<0>3189<0>2239<0>1989<0>2239<0>17... |
But despite his growing autonomy, at no point does it appear that Arbogast intended to overthrow the young emperor. Because, what would have been the point of that? | <0>3797<0>2922<0>3927<0>3404<0>1010<0>3560<0>551<0>1981<0>1981<0>3297<0>1981<0>1777<0>1331<0>1883<0>1981<0>954<0>1519<0>3328<0>3132<0>2700<0>1989<0>595<0>3935<0>2152<0>807<0>3840<0>865<0>327<0>807<0>1869<0>517<0>348<0>3297<0>619<0>3720<0>1059<0>649<0>2338<0>2987<0>2541<0>1883<0>3404<0>54<0>3246<0>175<0>867<0>1701<0>517... |
The general had all the power and prestige he could ever hope for, without worrying that a strong imperial hand would check that power and prestige. | <0>538<0>2152<0>553<0>2441<0>1902<0>1883<0>807<0>1777<0>2548<0>2062<0>68<0>3840<0>3797<0>3404<0>2123<0>1370<0>3579<0>1639<0>2756<0>1578<0>2182<0>1206<0>289<0>1855<0>104<0>3075<0>842<0>3408<0>3695<0>2422<0>1973<0>1846<0>998<0>1578<0>2548<0>1311<0>1649<0>977<0>955<0>2239<0>2700<0>3642<0>521<0>614<0>1441<0>2422<0>3642<0>1... |
I would imagine that Arbogast was quite pleased with the arrangement as it now stood. | <0>1538<0>2054<0>3798<0>697<0>549<0>729<0>826<0>3808<0>1095<0>290<0>353<0>2191<0>2363<0>1902<0>321<0>1973<0>3579<0>2178<0>3151<0>1552<0>1219<0>1114<0>2972<0>3982<0>807<0>2316<0>1331<0>3840<0>289<0>289<0>4044<0>3798<0>1744<0>1701<0>2054<0>807<0>3297<0>3143<0>552<0>3307<0>2700<0>2239<0>3075<0>63<0>5<0>2419<0>175<0>326<0>... |
Valentinian on the other hand could not have been more miserable. | <0>1973<0>3447<0>898<0>1007<0>2769<0>850<0>3555<0>368<0>2436<0>3404<0>1011<0>1328<0>3705<0>531<0>3968<0>3297<0>2099<0>3882<0>2972<0>2748<0>3297<0>3974<0>3404<0>3277<0>2595<0>567<0>277<0>1502<0>2178<0>443<0>1502<0>2034<0>1486<0>2338<0>592<0>2548<0>2987<0>2178<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068... |
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