original_problem stringlengths 40 971 | original_solution stringlengths 1 42 | augmented_problem stringlengths 108 1.27k | augmented_solution stringlengths 1 367 | distractor_metadata dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An unrelated sub-question (about the country with capital Lomé) is fused into the main problem, forcing the solver to separate and answer two independent tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderat... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Separately, as an independent subtask, identify the continent for Ouagadougou from the options: (1) Africa (2) Asia (3) Europe (4) South Ame... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (identify the continent of Ouagadougou) was fused into the original question, requiring the solver to separate the tasks: answer the original country relation and the independent continent identification.",
"name": "Compositiona... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about the translator's nationality was fused into the original question, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and ignore the extra sub-problem when answering the original-language question.",
"name": "Compositional un... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent multiple-choice sub-question about a capital city was fused into the main question, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increas... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (hemisphere identification) is fused into the original question, forcing the solver to separate and address two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — increases c... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Adds an independent sub-question that must be separated from the original query so the solver answers the correct target without being distracted by the additional task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase":... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question was fused into the main problem so the solver must separate two tasks (identify the work's original language and, independently, Cortázar's birth name).",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and publis... | spanish | Problem: Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and publis... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about the translator's target language was fused into the main question, requiring the solver to separate the two questions and answer the original-language question correctly.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Separately, Olympique de Bamako is a Malian club based in Bamako, the capital of Mali, mentioned here as an independent example. Subject: as... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (mapping Olympique de Bamako -> Mali) is fused into the context so the solver must separate two country-mapping tasks and apply the correct one to the original subject.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estim... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about the author's nationality was fused into the passage, requiring the solver to separate the two sub-problems (identify the unrelated nationality question and the original-language question) and answer the original-language questi... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-question (about the translator's nationality) into the main problem so the solver must separate two unrelated tasks and answer only the original target.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_in... |
Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity that has th... | B | Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. As a separate sub-task, indicate which hemisphere Ouagadougou lies in: (A) Northern Hemisphere (B) Southern Hemisphere. Subject: asfa yennenga Relati... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (hemisphere identification for Ouagadougou) is fused into the original instance, forcing the solver to separate and solve two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. As a separate question, if a supporter travels east from Ouagadougou to visit the capital of the neighboring country Mali, which city would ... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem about traveling to the capital of Mali was fused into the original question, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks (identify the country of ASFA Yennenga vs. name the Mali capital) and avoid being misled.",
"name": "Com... |
Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity that has th... | B | Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity that has th... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about a different fact (which city is the capital of Mali) is fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and not conflate their answers.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent but related sub-question about another work (Rayuela) is fused into the original query, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate — the ex... |
Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | Statement: Context: Julio Cortázar (born Jules Florencio Cortázar) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist and a major figure of the Latin American Boom. Libro de Manuel is a novel by Julio Cortázar, first published in 1973. It was later translated into English by Gregory Rabassa and published in th... | spanish | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (asking for the translator's surname) was fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and not conflate them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase... |
Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Subject: asfa yennenga Relation: country Options: (A) benin (B) burkina faso (C) mali (D) togo From the options, select the object entity th... | B | Problem: Statement: Context: Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga (ASFA Yennenga) is a Burkinabé football club based in Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso. Separately, as an independent subtask, determine whether the total number of letters in "Association Sportive du Faso - Yennenga" (excluding... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (counting letters and checking primality) is fused into the original question, requiring the solver to separate the tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incr... |
Statement: Head: PersonX asks ___ to go with PersonY<sep>Tail: Tell the other person to keep an eye on them. Determine whether the Head includes the event or action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No | No | Statement: Head: PersonX asks ___ to go with PersonY<sep>Tail: Tell the other person to keep an eye on them. Determine whether the Head includes the event or action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. Additionally, as a separate subtask, classify the Tail sentence's grammatical mood: is it Imperative, Declarative, or Interr... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent subtask (grammatical mood classification) is fused into the original inclusion decision, forcing the solver to separate and solve two different analyses.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": ... |
Statement: You are given two phrases separated by <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. PersonX is the subject of the event. Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail (i.e., whether the Tail denotes a step within the larger Head event). Respon... | No | Statement: You are given two phrases separated by <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. PersonX is the subject of the event. Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail (i.e., whether the Tail denotes a step within the larger Head event). Respon... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-problem (a POS classification of the Tail word) into the main problem so the solver must separate two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate... |
Statement: Determine whether the Head event includes the Tail event as a sub-event. Classify as Yes or No. Head: PersonX asks the teacher<sep>Tail: respond to PersonX | No | Statement: Determine whether the Head event includes the Tail event as a sub-event. Classify as Yes or No. Head: PersonX asks the teacher<sep>Tail: respond to PersonX. Separately, consider an unrelated example and decide whether its Head includes its Tail: Head2: PersonY asks a friend<sep>Tail2: the friend responds to ... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a second Head/Tail pair) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate the two scenarios and ignore the irrelevant one when answering the original question.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated... |
Statement: Head: read letter<sep>Tail: unfold paper
Decide whether the Head includes an event or action described in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | Yes | Statement: Head: read letter<sep>Tail: unfold paper. Additionally, consider a second independent statement: Head: fold map<sep>Tail: crease map. Decide whether the Head includes an event or action described in the Tail for each statement. Answer Yes or No for the first statement only. | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second sub-problem (a separate Head/Tail pair) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate and (implicitly) evaluate two relations before giving the requested answer for the original pair.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Given Head and Tail separated by <sep>. Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail (i.e., whether the Tail denotes a step within the Head). Reply Yes or No. Head: watch film<sep>Tail: listen | Yes | Statement: Given Head and Tail separated by <sep>. Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail (i.e., whether the Tail denotes a step within the Head). As a separate, unrelated subtask, decide whether the word 'listen' contains more consonants than vowels — treat that independently and do not ... | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (counting consonants vs vowels in 'listen') was fused into the prompt so the solver must separate and reason about two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "M... |
Statement: Determine whether the Head event includes the Tail event as a step within it. Head: communicate<sep>Tail: get misunderstood. Respond with Yes or No. | Yes | Statement: Determine whether the Head event includes the Tail event as a step within it. Head: communicate<sep>Tail: get misunderstood. (Compositional subtask — independently, and not to be conflated with the event-inclusion judgment: indicate whether the word "misunderstood" has more than two syllables.) Respond with ... | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a separate syllable-count task) is fused into the original problem, forcing the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "... |
Statement: Head: go for haircut<sep>Tail: walk out of shop Determine whether the Head includes an event or action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | Yes | Statement: Head: go for haircut<sep>Tail: walk out of shop Determine whether the Head includes an event or action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. (Separately, as an independent sub-problem, consider the pair Head2: book a taxi<sep>Tail2: arrive at station — determine whether Head2 includes an event or action in Tail2. T... | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second entailment judgment (Head2/Tail2) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate two problems and avoid letting the second influence the first.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase... |
Statement: Task: You are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail (i.e., the Tail denotes a step within the larger Head event). Answer Yes or No.
Head: PersonX achieves ___ by means<sep>Tail: reliable
Solution: No | No | Statement: Task: You are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail (i.e., the Tail denotes a step within the larger Head event). Answer Yes or No.
Head: PersonX achieves ___ by means<sep>Tail: reliable
Additionally, as a separate sub-ta... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (part-of-speech/usage classification of 'reliable') is fused into the original entailment-like decision task, requiring the solver to separate the two reasoning tracks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estim... |
Statement: Determine whether the Head event includes the Tail action (i.e., whether the Tail denotes a step within the Head). Answer Yes or No. Head: PersonX affords PersonY protection<sep>Tail: brave | No | Statement: Determine whether the Head event includes the Tail action (i.e., whether the Tail denotes a step within the Head). Answer Yes or No. Head: PersonX affords PersonY protection<sep>Tail: brave. Additionally, as a separate subtask, decide whether the word 'brave' in this context functions as a personality trait ... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent subtask (trait classification of the word 'brave') is fused into the main prompt, requiring the solver to separate the two questions and not conflate trait labeling with action-inclusion.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
... |
Statement: Head: buy hamburger<sep>Tail: add trimmings. Determine whether the Head includes an event or action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | Yes | Statement: Head: buy hamburger<sep>Tail: add trimmings. Separately, as an independent sub-task, decide whether the noun 'trimmings' in the Tail is grammatically plural or singular (Answer 'Plural' or 'Singular'). Determine whether the Head includes an event or action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent linguistic classification sub-problem (plural vs. singular) is fused into the original entailment-style task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two independent subtasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimat... |
Statement: You are given two phrases Head and Tail separated by <sep>. Determine whether the Head includes an event or action denoted by the Tail. Answer Yes or No. Head: PersonX arrives at PersonY understanding<sep>Tail: amenable | No | Statement: You are given two phrases Head and Tail separated by <sep>. Determine whether the Head includes an event or action denoted by the Tail. Answer Yes or No. Additionally, as a separate and independent subtask (for compositionality testing), state whether the Tail word 'amenable' is an adjective (Answer Yes or N... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent binary classification subtask about the grammatical category of the Tail word was fused into the main entailment-style judgment, requiring the solver to separate two distinct questions.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"... |
Statement: Head: buy shirt<sep>Tail: check price
Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | Yes | Statement: Head: buy shirt<sep>Tail: check price
Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action in the Tail. Additionally, as a separate independent subtask, consider the pair Head: water plants<sep>Tail: schedule meeting and determine whether the Head includes an event or action in that Tail. Treat the two ... | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent Head/Tail evaluation (water plants / schedule meeting) into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate and solve two independent sub-problems.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incr... |
Statement: Head: PersonX arranges a date<sep>Tail: enjoy a movie. Determine whether the Head includes an event or action described in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | No | Statement: Head: PersonX arranges a date<sep>Tail: enjoy a movie. Determine whether the Head includes an event or action described in the Tail. Answer Yes or No.
Separately, Statement 2: Head: PersonY plans a movie night<sep>Tail: enjoy a movie. Determine whether the Head includes an event or action described in the T... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second statement (Statement 2) about a different agent and event is fused into the problem so the solver must separate the two sub-problems and not conflate them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_in... |
Statement: Given Head and Tail separated by <sep>, determine whether the Head includes an event or action described by the Tail. Head: PersonX asks PersonY to play<sep>Tail: to get PersonY's attention. Answer Yes or No. | No | Statement: Given Head and Tail separated by <sep>, determine whether the Head includes an event or action described by the Tail. Head: PersonX asks PersonY to play<sep>Tail: to get PersonY's attention. Answer Yes or No. Additionally, as an independent sub-problem (treat this separately from the main pair), determine wh... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent Head/Tail pair was fused into the original item so the solver must separate two similar tasks and avoid conflating evidence between them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the ... |
Statement: Head: PersonX accepts the invitation<sep>Tail: to open the mailbox
Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action described in the Tail. Answer Yes or No. | No | Statement: Head: PersonX accepts the invitation<sep>Tail: to open the mailbox
Determine whether the Head includes an event or an action described in the Tail. Answer Yes or No.
Separately, as an independent sub-problem (do not let this affect your judgment on the first pair), consider: Head2: PersonY opens the mailbox... | No | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent Head2/Tail2 sub-problem into the original problem so the solver must separate and solve two similar-looking tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the ext... |
Statement: Head: PersonX amends PersonY act<sep>Tail: to write the amendment. Does the Head include an event or action in the Tail? Choose: (A) Yes (B) No | B | Statement: Head: PersonX amends PersonY act<sep>Tail: to write the amendment. (Independent subtask: classify whether the Tail expresses a purpose/intent or a concrete action — choose: (P) Purpose (Q) Action.) Does the Head include an event or action in the Tail? Choose: (A) Yes (B) No | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification subtask (purpose vs. action) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate the two tasks and not conflate them with the main entailment question.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficul... |
Statement: Given Head and Tail separated by <sep>, determine whether the Head includes an event or action described by the Tail. Classify the answer as Yes or No. Head: water plant<sep>Tail: get watering can | Yes | Statement: Given Head and Tail separated by <sep>, determine whether the Head includes an event or action described by the Tail. Classify the answer as Yes or No. Head: water plant<sep>Tail: get watering can. Also, as a separate subtask (independent from the Yes/No classification), determine whether the word "can" in t... | Yes | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent linguistic subtask (identifying the part-of-speech sense of 'can') is fused into the main problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid interference.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diffic... |
Statement: Read the sentence and choose which option the pronoun refers to.
Sentence: sam broke both his gliding joints and he's walking with aids . but a month or so from now they should be unnecessary .
Pronoun: they
Options:
(A) the gliding joints
(B) the aids
Solution: B | B | Statement: Read the sentence and choose which option the pronoun refers to.
Sentence: sam broke both his gliding joints and he's walking with aids . but a month or so from now they should be unnecessary .
Pronoun: they
Options:
(A) the gliding joints
(B) the aids
(Separate sub-problem — answer independently of the mai... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (resolving a different pronoun 'his') is fused into the original pronoun-resolution task, forcing the solver to separate two reference-resolution problems and avoid cross-contamination.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Sentence: Mary hired Anne to take care of her . Pronoun: her. Options: (A) Mary (B) Anne. Choose which option is the most likely referent of the pronoun her. | A | Statement: Sentence: Mary hired Anne to take care of her . Pronoun: her. Options: (A) Mary (B) Anne. Choose which option is the most likely referent of the pronoun her. Additionally, as a separate task, what is the number of words in the sentence "Mary hired Anne to take care of her"? | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent subtask (word-count) into the original pronoun resolution problem, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — t... |
Statement: Sentence: Sam is passionately in love, but Sam's father is unhappy about it, because he is a snob. Pronoun: he. Options: (A) sam (B) sam's father | B | Statement: Sentence: Sam is passionately in love, but Sam's father is unhappy about it, because he is a snob. Pronoun: he. Options: (A) sam (B) sam's father. Also, in an unrelated sentence consider: "The gardener watered the roses before they wilted." Pronoun: they. Options: (C) the gardener (D) the roses. | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent pronoun-resolution subproblem into the main problem so the solver must separate and solve two pronoun-resolution tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — fo... |
Statement: Sentence: the man carried the sleeping son in his arms. Pronoun: his. Choose the referent: A) the man B) the son | A | Statement: Sentence: the man carried the sleeping son in his arms. Pronoun: his. Choose the referent: A) the man B) the son. Additionally, a separate short task: Sentence: She finished the exam quickly. Word: quickly. Choose its grammatical category: C) adverb D) adjective. (The two tasks are independent; answer the pr... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent short linguistic sub-task (identifying the grammatical category of a word) is fused into the original coreference task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two tasks in one prompt.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"... |
Statement: Identify the referent of the pronoun 'it' in the sentence: the van zoomed by the coach because it was going so slow . Options: (A) the van (B) the coach | B | Statement: Identify the referent of the pronoun 'it' in the sentence: the van zoomed by the coach because it was going so slow . Options: (A) the van (B) the coach. Additionally, as a separate sub-task on the same sentence, indicate which word modifies the adjective 'slow'. Options for the second question: (A) so (B) b... | Pronoun referent: B. Additional sub-task answer (which word modifies 'slow'): A. | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-problem (identify the modifier of 'slow') into the main antecedent-resolution problem, requiring the solver to split and solve two separate tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase... |
Statement: Sentence: grace was happy to trade me her pullover for my coat. she thinks it looks dowdy on her. Pronoun: it. A) the pullover B) the coat | A | Statement: Sentence: grace was happy to trade me her pullover for my coat. she thinks it looks dowdy on her. Pronoun: it. A) the pullover B) the coat. Also, in an unrelated sentence: "John asked Mark where his keys were." Pronoun: his. A) John B) Mark. | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent pronoun-resolution sub-problem (about 'his' in a different sentence) is fused into the original item, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid cross-contamination.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estima... |
Statement: Read the sentence and choose which option the pronoun refers to. Sentence: patrick and cora had very warm down jackets , but they were not prepared for the cold in alaska . Pronoun: they. Options: (A) patrick and cora (B) jackets | A | Statement: Read the sentence and choose which option the pronoun refers to. Sentence: patrick and cora had very warm down jackets , but they were not prepared for the cold in alaska . Pronoun: they. Options: (A) patrick and cora (B) jackets. Also, as a separate quick task, read the sentence: the weather was unpredictab... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent pronoun-resolution sub-problem (separate sentence) is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to keep the two references distinct and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficul... |
Statement: Sentence: Mary hired Anne to take care of her . Pronoun: her. Options: (A) Mary (B) Anne. Choose which option is the most likely referent of the pronoun her. | A | Statement: Sentence: Mary hired Anne to take care of her . Pronoun: her. Options: (A) Mary (B) Anne. Choose which option is the most likely referent of the pronoun her. Additionally, in a separate, independent sentence, determine the antecedent of the pronoun: Sentence: The gardener told the neighbor to water his plant... | Main sentence (original): A. Added independent sentence: C. | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent pronoun-resolution sub-problem is fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate and solve two pronoun-antecedent tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": ... |
Statement: Sentence: Sara and Julia borrowed books from the library because they need them for articles they are working on. They read them when they get home from work. Pronoun: They. Choose referent: (A) the books (B) the articles | A | Statement: Sentence: Sara and Julia borrowed books from the library because they need them for articles they are working on. They read them when they get home from work. Separately, Sara bought 2 cookies and Julia bought 3 cookies. How many cookies did Sara and Julia buy together? Pronoun: They. Choose referent: (A) th... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (cookie count) is fused into the text, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the co... |
Statement: Sentence: Michael fired his trainer because he couldn't stand his girlfriend. Pronoun: he. Choose the referent of the pronoun from the options: (A) michael (B) the trainer | A | Statement: Sentence: Michael fired his trainer because he couldn't stand his girlfriend. Pronoun: he. Choose the referent of the pronoun from the options: (A) michael (B) the trainer. Separate, independent task: Identify the referent of the possessive pronoun 'his' in the phrase "Michael fired his trainer" from the opt... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent but related sub-problem (identify the referent of the possessive pronoun 'his') is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to separate two pronoun-resolution tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding... |
Statement: Sentence: Bob and Henry collapsed on the sidewalk. Soon they saw Carl and Ben coming to help. They were very ill. Pronoun: They. Options: (A) Bob and Henry (B) Carl and Ben. Choose the most likely referent. | A | Statement: Sentence: Bob and Henry collapsed on the sidewalk. Soon they saw Carl and Ben coming to help. They were very ill. Pronoun: They. Options: (A) Bob and Henry (B) Carl and Ben. Choose the most likely referent. Separately, in an unrelated scene, Alice and Dana stood waving while Emma and Fiona walked by. They ap... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent pronoun-resolution sub-problem (a separate scene involving different characters) is fused into the same item so the model must separate the two tasks and avoid cross-contamination.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estim... |
Statement: Sentence: Michael fired his trainer because he couldn't stand his girlfriend. Pronoun: he. Choose the referent of the pronoun from the options: (A) michael (B) the trainer | A | Statement: Sentence: Michael fired his trainer because he couldn't stand his girlfriend. Pronoun: he. Choose the referent of the pronoun from the options: (A) michael (B) the trainer. Separately, resolve this unrelated pronoun-resolution subtask: Sentence: When Alex scolded Ben, he left the room. Pronoun: he. Choose th... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent pronoun-resolution subtask was fused into the original problem, forcing the solver to separate two similar tasks and avoid cross-task interference.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moder... |
Statement: Sentence: jenna's mother had died long ago, and her education had been managed by an excellent woman as governess. Pronoun: her. Choose the referent: (A) jenna (B) jenna's mother | A | Statement: Sentence: jenna's mother had died long ago, and her education had been managed by an excellent woman as governess. Pronoun: her. Choose the referent: (A) jenna (B) jenna's mother. Additionally, as a separate task (independent of the pronoun-resolution question), identify the syntactic head word of the noun p... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent syntactic-parsing subproblem (finding the head of a noun phrase) was fused into the original pronoun-resolution task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two different analyses.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"e... |
Statement: Sentence: Lily had to stop Mary from toying with the injured bird. Pronoun: She. Options: A) lily B) mary. Choose which option the pronoun refers to. | B | Statement: Sentence: Lily had to stop Mary from toying with the injured bird. Pronoun: She. Options: A) lily B) mary. Choose which option the pronoun refers to. Additionally, as a separate, independent sub-problem, consider the sentence: "Jessica helped her friend after she fell." Pronoun: She. Options: A) Jessica B) h... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent pronoun-resolution sub-problem was fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate and resolve two pronoun references independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Mo... |
Statement: Sentence: Lily had to stop Mary from toying with the injured bird. Pronoun: She. Options: A) lily B) mary. Choose which option the pronoun refers to. | B | Statement: Sentence: Lily had to stop Mary from toying with the injured bird. Pronoun: She. Options: A) lily B) mary. Choose which option the pronoun refers to.
Separately (independent subtask): Consider the following continuation as a different, unrelated sentence: "Afterward, she admitted feeling guilty." Pronoun: S... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a second pronoun-resolution question) is fused into the original item, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid interference.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase":... |
Statement: Sentence: Sara and Julia borrowed books from the library because they need them for articles they are working on. They read them when they get home from work. Pronoun: They. Choose referent: (A) the books (B) the articles | A | Statement: Sentence: Sara and Julia borrowed books from the library because they need them for articles they are working on. They read them when they get home from work. As a separate subtask, if Sara borrowed 3 books and Julia borrowed 2 books, how many books did they borrow in total? Pronoun: They. Choose referent: (... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, contextually plausible arithmetic subtask is fused into the main linguistic coreference problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and not let the added computation interfere with the core pronoun resolution.",
"name": "Compos... |
Statement: Sentence: Jim and Frank yelled at Kevin and John because they were so upset. Pronoun: they. Options: (A) jim and frank (B) kevin and john | A | Statement: Sentence: Jim and Frank yelled at Kevin and John because they were so upset. Pronoun: they. Options: (A) jim and frank (B) kevin and john. Separately, a reader asked an independent follow-up: how many distinct people are mentioned in the sentence? (This follow-up is a separate question and does not affect th... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (counting distinct people mentioned) is fused into the main pronoun-resolution problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moder... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, unrelated subtask (a simple time-difference calculation) is fused into the problem so the solver must separate the main counterfactual task from the extra sub-problem.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficu... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic subtask is fused into the prompt so the model must separate and solve two distinct subtasks (story counterfactual vs. digit-sum) to avoid being distracted.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficult... |
Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggled with ma... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggled with ma... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (deciding whether the New ending expresses pride or shame) was fused into the task so the solver must separate that judgment from the main generation task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficul... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, unrelated mini-task (sentiment labeling of the premise) was fused into the main problem so the solver must separate and ignore it when producing the required counterfactual sentence.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"es... |
Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggled with ma... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggled with ma... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic subtask (compute 7+5) was fused into the main instruction, requiring the solver to separate the unrelated microtask from the primary sentence-generation task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diffic... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent yes/no subtask was fused into the original instruction so the solver must separate the primary generation task (produce the counterfactual sentence) from the unrelated binary classification task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, small arithmetic/verification sub-problem is fused into the instruction so the model must separate the two tasks and not conflate their outputs.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderat... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic/number-theory subtask (is 47 prime?) was fused into the instructions, forcing the solver to separate the narrative generation task from the unrelated numeric judgement.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estima... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent subtask (classify sentence type and count words) is fused into the main instruction, forcing the solver to separate two tasks and avoid including the extra analysis in the final single-sentence output.",
"name": "Compositional understanding... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent counting sub-problem is fused into the main task, requiring the model to separate an internal counting/checking step from the primary generation task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Me... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (compute 12 ÷ 3) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — increases chan... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification sub-task (identify whether the New ending expresses pride or shame) is fused into the main generation task, requiring the solver to separate the two problems and avoid letting the extra task affect the required output.",
"nam... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent secondary task (counting parity of the sentence's words) is fused into the instruction, requiring the solver to separate the main generation task from an auxiliary internal check.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estima... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending. As a separate, independent mic... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent micro-task (sentiment labeling) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate the primary generation task from an additional classification task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent, small linguistic judgment task into the main problem so the solver must separate the subtask from the primary generation task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the extr... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending. Additionally, as a separate in... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a simple yes/no punctuation-labeling task) was fused into the main instruction so the solver must separate the two tasks and keep the primary output as a single sentence.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"es... |
Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | Problem: Statement: Task: Write the second sentence (counterfactual context) of a five-sentence story. The counterfactual context should be a slight modification of the initial context that explains the small differences between the original and new endings and aligns with the new ending.
Premise: Sara always struggle... | But Sara got an A on her most recent test! | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic subtask is fused into the instruction so the solver must separate the main narrative task from the extra decision (7+3 = ?). This forces the model to handle two components independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Select the best translation into predicate logic. All children go to some school. (Cx: x is a child; Sx: x is a school; Gxy: x goes to y)
(A)(∀x)(∃y)[(Cx • Sy) • Gxy]
(B)(∀x)[Sx ⊃ (∃y)(Cy • Gxy)]
(C)(∀x)[Cx ⊃ (∃y)(Sy • Gxy)]
(D)(∀x)[Sx • (∃y)(Cy • Gxy)] | C | Statement: Select the best translation into predicate logic. All children go to some school. (Cx: x is a child; Sx: x is a school; Gxy: x goes to y)
(A)(∀x)(∃y)[(Cx • Sy) • Gxy]
(B)(∀x)[Sx ⊃ (∃y)(Cy • Gxy)]
(C)(∀x)[Cx ⊃ (∃y)(Sy • Gxy)]
(D)(∀x)[Sx • (∃y)(Cy • Gxy)]
As a separate, independent task (do not let this affec... | C | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (whether there is a single school attended by all children) is fused into the original multiple-choice translation task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two logically distinct questions.",
"name": "Compositional under... |
Statement: Identify the conclusion of the following argument. Argument: From a historical point of view, genetics is a young science. The principles that govern inheritance traits were described less than 150 years ago. Furthermore, around the turn of the twentieth century, the laws of inheritance were rediscovered. Bu... | C | Statement: Identify the conclusion of the following argument. Argument: From a historical point of view, genetics is a young science. The principles that govern inheritance traits were described less than 150 years ago. Furthermore, around the turn of the twentieth century, the laws of inheritance were rediscovered. Bu... | C | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent temporal arithmetic sub-problem (how many decades between ~1900 and the 1950s) is fused into the main task, requiring the solver to separate the timeline calculation from the argument-analysis task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Operators '+' and '-' are swapped: perform subtraction when you see '+' and addition when you see '-'. Compute the result of the expression 6947 - 5836 - 9462 and provide the numeric result as a string | 22245 | Statement: Operators '+' and '-' are swapped: perform subtraction when you see '+' and addition when you see '-'. Compute the result of the expression 6947 - 5836 - 9462 and provide the numeric result as a string. Separately, as an independent sub-problem, compute the product of the nonzero digits of 9462 (you may use ... | 22245 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (product of digits) is fused into the task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid letting the side calculation affect the main computation.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diffi... |
Statement: Operators '+' and '-' are swapped: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Compute the result of the expression: 9474 + 7344 + 9226 - 4204 | -2892 | Statement: Operators '+' and '-' are swapped: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Compute the result of the expression: 9474 + 7344 + 9226 - 4204. Separately, as an independent side task (do not include this side-task's result in your final answer), determine the greatest common divisor of 7344 and 4204 to ch... | -2892 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (GCD of two numbers) was fused into the prompt so the solver must separate the main task from the side task and avoid mixing them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": ... |
Statement: Operators '+' and '-' are swapped: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Evaluate the expression: 5375 - 8600 + 9088 | 4887 | Statement: Operators '+' and '-' are swapped: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Evaluate the expression: 5375 - 8600 + 9088. As an independent sub-problem (which should not affect the main result), also compute the sum of the digits of 9088 and do not combine that result with the evaluation above — report o... | 4887 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (sum of digits of 9088) is fused into the main problem text, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and ignore the sub-problem when producing the final answer.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
]... |
Statement: Compute the value of the expression using swapped operators: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Expression: 5409 + 3409 - 6343 + 5049 - 9462 + 6472 - 102 - 2990 | 9376 | Statement: Compute the value of the expression using swapped operators: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Expression: 5409 + 3409 - 6343 + 5049 - 9462 + 6472 - 102 - 2990. Separately, as an unrelated sub-problem, determine the remainder when 2023 is divided by 7 (this second question is independent of the e... | 9376 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (compute remainder of 2023 mod 7) was fused into the prompt so the solver must separate two tasks and not conflate them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate ... |
Statement: Perform the arithmetic where the symbols '+' and '-' are swapped: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Compute the value of: 2246 + 3439 - 8030 + 7909 | -1072 | Statement: Perform the arithmetic where the symbols '+' and '-' are swapped: '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition. Compute the value of: 2246 + 3439 - 8030 + 7909. As a separate, independent sub-problem (do not combine with the above), also compute the sum of the digits of 3439. | -1072 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent digit-sum sub-problem is fused into the prompt, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid mixing computations.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate — a mid-tier model... |
Statement: Evaluate the expression 3701 - 4302 - 1323 - 2978 + 922 with the operators swapped: perform addition where the expression shows '-' and perform subtraction where the expression shows '+' | 11382 | Statement: Evaluate the expression 3701 - 4302 - 1323 - 2978 + 922 with the operators swapped: perform addition where the expression shows '-' and perform subtraction where the expression shows '+'. As an independent check (separate from the main task), also compute 43 * 27 - 19 and keep its value for verification. | 11382 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem was fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the tasks and avoid conflating results.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — mid-tier ... |
Statement: Evaluate the arithmetic expression 9089 - 6516 - 4631 + 3315 with the operator swap rule: treat '-' as addition and '+' as subtraction. Provide the final numeric result. | 16921 | Statement: Evaluate the arithmetic expression 9089 - 6516 - 4631 + 3315 with the operator swap rule: treat '-' as addition and '+' as subtraction. As an independent sub-problem for verification (do not include its result in your final answer), check whether the arithmetic statement 14 * 3 - 17 + 2 equals 27. After perf... | 16921 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic check (sub-problem) was fused into the prompt, requiring the solver to separate the verification task from the main operator-swap evaluation.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "... |
Statement: You are given an arithmetic expression where the symbols '+' and '-' are swapped: perform subtraction when you see '+' and perform addition when you see '-'. Compute the result of the expression: 5327 - 9922 + 6811 | 8438 | Statement: You are given an arithmetic expression where the symbols '+' and '-' are swapped: perform subtraction when you see '+' and perform addition when you see '-'. Compute the result of the expression: 5327 - 9922 + 6811. Additionally, as an independent practice sub-problem (do not combine with the main task), eva... | 8438 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem was fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the extr... |
Statement: Evaluate the expression with swapped operators where '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition: 2280 + 307 - 2516 | 4489 | Statement: Evaluate the expression with swapped operators where '+' means subtraction and '-' means addition: 2280 + 307 - 2516. Separately, determine whether 2024 is a leap year. | 4489 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a yes/no question about whether 2024 is a leap year) was fused into the original arithmetic task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two independent tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated... |
Statement: Which of the given formulas of PL is the best symbolization of the following sentence? The restaurant serves pie or cheesecake or ice cream for dessert. (A) P ∨ (C ∨ I) (B) (P ∨ C) ∨ I (C) P ∨ C ∨ I (D) Options A and B | D | Statement: Which of the given formulas of PL is the best symbolization of the following sentence? The restaurant serves pie or cheesecake or ice cream for dessert. (A) P ∨ (C ∨ I) (B) (P ∨ C) ∨ I (C) P ∨ C ∨ I (D) Options A and B. Separately, let S stand for "the restaurant serves salad." In an independent subproblem, ... | D; (for the independent subproblem: S ∧ ¬C) | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, short symbolic-logic subproblem was fused into the main question so the solver must separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — likely ... |
Statement: Select the best translation into predicate logic: Some blue herons migrate. (Hx: x is a heron; Bx: x is blue; Mx: x migrates)
(A)(∀x)[(Hx • Bx) • Mx] (B)(∃x)[(Hx • Bx) ⊃ Mx] (C)(∀x)[(Hx • Bx) ⊃ Mx] (D)(∃x)[(Hx • Bx) • Mx] | D | Statement: Select the best translation into predicate logic: Some blue herons migrate. (Hx: x is a heron; Bx: x is blue; Mx: x migrates)
(A)(∀x)[(Hx • Bx) • Mx] (B)(∃x)[(Hx • Bx) ⊃ Mx] (C)(∀x)[(Hx • Bx) ⊃ Mx] (D)(∃x)[(Hx • Bx) • Mx]
Additionally, as a separate (independent) sub-task, select the best translation of 'So... | D | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent translation sub-problem ('Some herons are not blue') is fused into the original multiple-choice question, forcing the solver to separate two tasks and avoid cross-contamination of reasoning.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
]... |
Statement: You are given an arithmetic expression where the symbols '+' and '-' are swapped: perform subtraction when you see '+' and perform addition when you see '-'. Evaluate the expression: 4265 - 2221 - 1108 + 9117 + 9819 | -11342 | Statement: You are given an arithmetic expression where the symbols '+' and '-' are swapped: perform subtraction when you see '+' and perform addition when you see '-'. Evaluate the expression: 4265 - 2221 - 1108 + 9117 + 9819. As an independent side task, separately compute the sum of the digits of 4265 and state whet... | -11342 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (digit-sum primality check) was fused into the original arithmetic evaluation, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the... |
Statement: Which of the given formulas of PL is the best symbolization of the following sentence? Either England's importing beef is a necessary condition for France's subsidizing agriculture or China's promoting human rights is not a sufficient condition for South Africa's supplying diamonds.
(A) (E ≡ F) ∨ ~(C ≡ S)
(B... | D | Statement: Which of the given formulas of PL is the best symbolization of the following sentence? Either England's importing beef is a necessary condition for France's subsidizing agriculture or China's promoting human rights is not a sufficient condition for South Africa's supplying diamonds. As a separate, independen... | D | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical translation sub-problem is fused into the original multiple-choice task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two distinct reasoning tasks (mapping necessary/sufficient language and converting a conditional to an equivalent ∨/~ form).... |
Statement: Which of the given formulas of propositional logic best symbolises the sentence: Elliott likes to skateboard or he likes to write songs and to play them. Let S = Elliott likes to skateboard, W = Elliott likes to write songs, P = Elliott likes to play songs. Options: (A) S ∨ (W • P) (B) (S ∨ W) ∨ P (C) S • (W... | A | Statement: Which of the given formulas of propositional logic best symbolises the sentence: Elliott likes to skateboard or he likes to write songs and to play them. Let S = Elliott likes to skateboard, W = Elliott likes to write songs, P = Elliott likes to play songs. Options: (A) S ∨ (W • P) (B) (S ∨ W) ∨ P (C) S • (W... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent logical-equivalence sub-problem (about a conditional between W and P) into the original MCQ so the solver must separate the two tasks and not conflate them when choosing the main option.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
... |
Statement: Beginning: Mila was not sleeping well. Middle 1: Mila decided to take a speed pill. Middle 2: Mila decided to take a sleeping aid. Ending: She woke very refreshed. Choose which middle (1 or 2) makes the story coherent and plausible. Respond with only 1 or 2. | 2 | Statement: Beginning: Mila was not sleeping well. Middle 1: Mila decided to take a speed pill. Middle 2: Mila decided to take a sleeping aid. Ending: She woke very refreshed. Meanwhile, in a separate, unrelated short puzzle: Beginning: Sam had two coins that together totaled 30 cents. Middle 1: He had a quarter and a n... | 2 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, complete mini-problem (a coin puzzle) is fused into the original problem so the solver must separate the two tasks and focus on the correct one.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderat... |
Statement: Beginning: Laura heard a small crying noise, and searched until she found it. Middle 1: Laura found some abandoned kittens so she took them home. Middle 2: Laura found some abandoned dogs so she took them home. Ending: The kittens were fed, and safe, and warm, and Laura was happy. Which middle (1 or 2) makes... | 1 | Statement: Beginning: Laura heard a small crying noise, and searched until she found it. Middle 1: Laura found some abandoned kittens so she took them home. Middle 2: Laura found some abandoned dogs so she took them home. Ending: The kittens were fed, and safe, and warm, and Laura was happy. Meanwhile, she also stopped... | 1 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (counting remaining cans of food) is fused into the narrative, requiring the solver to separate the coherence judgment from the unrelated math task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diff... |
Statement: All of these are ways to stay safe around electricity except (A) staying away from power lines. (B) using cords in good condition. (C) plugging many appliances into one outlet. (D) keeping electricity away from water. | C | Statement: All of these are ways to stay safe around electricity except (A) staying away from power lines. (B) using cords in good condition. (C) plugging many appliances into one outlet. (D) keeping electricity away from water. Separately, as an unrelated exercise, what is the equivalent resistance of a 6Ω resistor an... | C | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent electrical sub-problem (parallel resistor calculation) is fused into the main multiple-choice safety question, forcing the solver to separate and solve two distinct tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diff... |
Statement: Beginning: Jerry grabbed his surfboard and swam into the ocean. Middle 1: Jerry saw a shape in the water swimming towards him, so he started paddling quickly towards shore. Middle 2: Jerry saw a shape in the water surfing toward him, so he started paddling quickly towards shore. Ending: Then last minute, Jer... | 1 | Statement: Beginning: Jerry grabbed his surfboard and swam into the ocean. Middle 1: Jerry saw a shape in the water swimming towards him, so he started paddling quickly towards shore. Middle 2: Jerry saw a shape in the water surfing toward him, so he started paddling quickly towards shore. Ending: Then last minute, Jer... | 1 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent mini-story (a separate coherence judgment) is fused into the prompt, requiring the solver to separate two tasks and focus on the original one.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate —... |
Problem: Statement: Beginning: Late at night a man looked up at the sky. Middle 1: His girlfriend's dog came outside to find him. Middle 2: His girlfriend came outside to find him. Ending: And those two stayed out, holding hands, still trying to count stars. Choose which middle sentence makes the story coherent by writ... | 2 | Problem: Statement: Beginning: Late at night a man looked up at the sky. Middle 1: His girlfriend's dog came outside to find him. Middle 2: His girlfriend came outside to find him. Ending: And those two stayed out, holding hands, still trying to count stars. (Unrelatedly, at roughly the same time his friend sent a quic... | 2 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent riddle (a separate sub-problem) is fused into the narrative, requiring the solver to separate the coherent-choice task from the unrelated riddle.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderat... |
Statement: Beginning: My dad and I went to ride jet skis one day. Middle 1: The jet skis sunk in the calm waters and we sank, too. Middle 2: the water was very choppy and we worried about safety. Ending: We put the jetskis back onto the truck and left. Choose which middle (1 or 2) makes the story coherent and plausible... | 2 | Statement: Beginning: My dad and I went to ride jet skis one day. Middle 1: The jet skis sunk in the calm waters and we sank, too. Middle 2: the water was very choppy and we worried about safety. Ending: We put the jetskis back onto the truck and left. As a side note I also scribbled a quick grammar prompt in the margi... | 2 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent grammar sub-question is fused into the main coherence question, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks (story coherence vs. grammar choice).",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Mode... |
Statement: You are given a short story with a beginning, two possible middles, and an ending. Choose the middle sentence that makes the story coherent and plausible, and respond with only the digit 1 or 2. Beginning: My husband and I moved to Florida one year ago this December. Middle 1: We went back to visit the famil... | 2 | Statement: You are given a short story with a beginning, two possible middles, and an ending. Choose the middle sentence that makes the story coherent and plausible, and respond with only the digit 1 or 2. Beginning: My husband and I moved to Florida one year ago this December. Middle 1: We went back to visit the famil... | 2 | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (counting garments) is fused into the original story-choice task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and not let the math question affect the story coherence decision.",
"name": "Compositional understandin... |
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