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5acf875d77cf76001a685103
Comics
From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Association that published longer works in non-traditional formats by auteur-istic creators als...
Serialization of newspapers became less popular when?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Serialization of newspapers became less popular when?
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5acf875d77cf76001a685104
Comics
From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Association that published longer works in non-traditional formats by auteur-istic creators als...
How were comics published when serialization became more common?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
How were comics published when serialization became more common?
[ 0.01422347966581583, -0.012429121881723404, -0.007137094624340534, 0.04468734934926033, -0.029217377305030823, 0.01003261562436819, -0.01022542454302311, 0.002869224175810814, -0.033514708280563354, -0.01586713083088398, -0.025253193452954292, 0.01750810444355011, -0.01196600217372179, -0....
5acf875d77cf76001a685105
Comics
From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Association that published longer works in non-traditional formats by auteur-istic creators als...
Which major publisher published in formats that were not traditional?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Which major publisher published in formats that were not traditional?
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5acf875d77cf76001a685106
Comics
From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Association that published longer works in non-traditional formats by auteur-istic creators als...
Comics continue to decline regardless of the decrease in what market?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comics continue to decline regardless of the decrease in what market?
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5acf87db77cf76001a685126
Comics
Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The kib...
What picture books from the 16th century show manga origins?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What picture books from [MASK] show manga origins?
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5acf87db77cf76001a685127
Comics
Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The kib...
What picture newspapers from the 17th century show manga origins?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What picture newspapers from [MASK] show manga origins?
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5acf87db77cf76001a685128
Comics
Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The kib...
What picture books from the 17th century don't show manga origins?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What picture books from [MASK] do n't show manga origins?
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5acf87db77cf76001a685129
Comics
Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The kib...
What is ukiyo-e not an example of?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is [MASK] not an example of?
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5acf87db77cf76001a68512a
Comics
Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The kib...
what didn't become popular between the 17th and 20th centuries?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
what did n't become popular between [MASK]?
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5acf88c177cf76001a68514a
Comics
Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper comics supplements began to appear in Japan, as well as some America...
When did comic supplements stop showing up in Japan?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
When did comic supplements stop showing up in [MASK]?
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5acf88c177cf76001a68514b
Comics
Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper comics supplements began to appear in Japan, as well as some America...
When did comic supplements start showing up in China?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
When did comic supplements start showing up in [MASK]?
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5acf88c177cf76001a68514c
Comics
Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper comics supplements began to appear in Japan, as well as some America...
Who never introduced satirical strips to Japan?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Who never introduced satirical strips to [MASK]?
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5acf88c177cf76001a68514e
Comics
Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper comics supplements began to appear in Japan, as well as some America...
Who started the last Japanese comic strip in modern times?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Who started the last [MASK] comic strip in modern times?
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5acf8a5777cf76001a68517c
Comics
The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually first serialized in magazines which are often hundreds of pages thick...
What comic strip was ended by Osamu Tezuka?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What comic strip was ended by [MASK]?
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5acf8a5777cf76001a68517d
Comics
The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually first serialized in magazines which are often hundreds of pages thick...
What comic strip wasn't created by Osamu Tezuka?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What comic strip was n't created by [MASK]?
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5acf8a5777cf76001a68517e
Comics
The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually first serialized in magazines which are often hundreds of pages thick...
Where were comic strip stories never serialized?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Where were comic strip stories never serialized?
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5acf8a5777cf76001a68517f
Comics
The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually first serialized in magazines which are often hundreds of pages thick...
What is considered the end of the modern comics in Japan?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is considered the end of the modern comics in [MASK]?
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5acf8a5777cf76001a685180
Comics
The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually first serialized in magazines which are often hundreds of pages thick...
What is considered the start of the ancient comics in Japan?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is considered the start of the ancient comics in [MASK]?
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5acf8b4b77cf76001a685196
Comics
Comic strips are generally short, multipanel comics that traditionally most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers. In the early 20th century, daily strips were typically in black-and-white and Sundays were usuall...
Where do comics never appear?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Where do comics never appear?
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5acf8b4b77cf76001a685197
Comics
Comic strips are generally short, multipanel comics that traditionally most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers. In the early 20th century, daily strips were typically in black-and-white and Sundays were usuall...
What country do weekly strips have normally occupied a single tier?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What country do [MASK] strips have normally occupied a single tier?
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5acf8b4b77cf76001a685198
Comics
Comic strips are generally short, multipanel comics that traditionally most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers. In the early 20th century, daily strips were typically in black-and-white and Sundays were usuall...
What country do daily strips have abnormally occupied a single tier?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What country do [MASK] strips have abnormally occupied a single tier?
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5acf8b4b77cf76001a685199
Comics
Comic strips are generally short, multipanel comics that traditionally most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers. In the early 20th century, daily strips were typically in black-and-white and Sundays were usuall...
What country do daily strips have normally occupied a double tier?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What country do [MASK] strips have normally occupied a double tier?
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5acf8b4b77cf76001a68519a
Comics
Comic strips are generally short, multipanel comics that traditionally most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers. In the early 20th century, daily strips were typically in black-and-white and Sundays were usuall...
while Saturday strips have been given how many tiers?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
while [MASK] strips have been given how many tiers?
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5acf8c8477cf76001a6851d0
Comics
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
Where do non-serialized comics in Japan typically appear?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Where do non - serialized comics in [MASK] typically appear?
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5acf8c8477cf76001a6851d1
Comics
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
Where do serialized comics in Japan atypically appear?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Where do serialized comics in [MASK] atypically appear?
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5acf8c8477cf76001a6851d2
Comics
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
How often are American serialized comics in magazines?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
How often are [MASK] serialized comics in magazines?
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5acf8c8477cf76001a6851d3
Comics
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
How often do serialized comics typically appear in Chinese magazines?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
How often do serialized comics typically appear in [MASK] magazines?
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5acf8c8477cf76001a6851d4
Comics
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
How long is the atypical Japanese comic magazine?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
How long is the atypical [MASK] comic magazine?
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5acf8d1977cf76001a6851ec
Comics
Book-length comics take different forms in different cultures. European comics albums are most commonly printed in A4-size colour volumes. In English-speaking countries, bound volumes of comics are called graphic novels and are available in various formats. Despite incorporating the term "novel"—a term normally associa...
What are bounds volumes of newspapers called in America?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What are bounds volumes of newspapers called in [MASK]?
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5acf8d1977cf76001a6851ed
Comics
Book-length comics take different forms in different cultures. European comics albums are most commonly printed in A4-size colour volumes. In English-speaking countries, bound volumes of comics are called graphic novels and are available in various formats. Despite incorporating the term "novel"—a term normally associa...
What is the name not given to Japanese comics volumes?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is the name not given to [MASK] comics volumes?
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5acf8d1977cf76001a6851ee
Comics
Book-length comics take different forms in different cultures. European comics albums are most commonly printed in A4-size colour volumes. In English-speaking countries, bound volumes of comics are called graphic novels and are available in various formats. Despite incorporating the term "novel"—a term normally associa...
What type of play is the word novel generally geared towards?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What type of play is the word novel generally geared towards?
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5acf8d1977cf76001a6851ef
Comics
Book-length comics take different forms in different cultures. European comics albums are most commonly printed in A4-size colour volumes. In English-speaking countries, bound volumes of comics are called graphic novels and are available in various formats. Despite incorporating the term "novel"—a term normally associa...
What term can mean a fiction piece of a collection of short pieces?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What term can mean a fiction piece of a collection of short pieces?
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5acf8d1977cf76001a6851f0
Comics
Book-length comics take different forms in different cultures. European comics albums are most commonly printed in A4-size colour volumes. In English-speaking countries, bound volumes of comics are called graphic novels and are available in various formats. Despite incorporating the term "novel"—a term normally associa...
What term can mean a non-fiction piece of a collection of long pieces?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What term can mean a non-fiction piece of a collection of long pieces?
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5acf8d6477cf76001a68520a
Comics
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
Where did gag cartoons last make an appearance?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Where did gag cartoons last make an appearance?
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5acf8d6477cf76001a68520b
Comics
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
Where did serious cartoons first make an appearance?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Where did serious cartoons first make an appearance?
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5acf8d6477cf76001a68520c
Comics
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
When did serious single-panel illustrations become known as cartoons?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
When did serious single-panel illustrations become known as cartoons?
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5acf8d6477cf76001a68520d
Comics
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
When did gag single-panel illustrations become known as comics?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
When did gag single-panel illustrations become known as comics?
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5acf8d6477cf76001a68520e
Comics
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
In which publication was cartoon last used to describe gag single-panel illustrations?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
In which publication was cartoon last used to describe gag single-panel illustrations?
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5acf7fe177cf76001a684fdc
Comics
Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert...
What did comics have in the United States because of sports roots?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What did comics have in [MASK] because of sports roots?
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5acf7fe177cf76001a684fdd
Comics
Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert...
What did comics not have in the United States because of cultural roots?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What did comics not have in [MASK] because of cultural roots?
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5acf7fe177cf76001a684fde
Comics
Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert...
Who thought pop culture wasn't at risk?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Who thought pop culture wasn't at risk?
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5acf7fe177cf76001a684fdf
Comics
Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert...
What was thought to be bad for children and those who could not read or write?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What was thought to be bad for children and those who could not read or write?
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5acf7fe177cf76001a684fe0
Comics
Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert...
What was thought to be only good for children and those who could read or write?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What was thought to be only good for children and those who could read or write?
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5acf804277cf76001a684ff0
Comics
The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca...
What is a comic that is as short as a book called?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is a comic that is as short as a book called?
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5acf804277cf76001a684ff1
Comics
The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca...
Who helped "graphic novel" lose public attention?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Who helped "graphic novel" lose public attention?
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5acf804277cf76001a684ff2
Comics
The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca...
What decade did the term "graphic novel" become lesser known by the public?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What decade did the term "graphic novel" become lesser known by the public?
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5acf804277cf76001a684ff3
Comics
The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca...
In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular offline?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular offline?
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5acf804277cf76001a684ff4
Comics
The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca...
The loss in popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
The loss in popularity of the [MASK], [MASK] and what other comic helped popularize" graphic novel" as a term?
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5acf824377cf76001a685046
Comics
The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com...
Who started producing comic strips and theories about them in 1872?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Who started producing comic strips and theories about them in [MASK]?
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5acf824377cf76001a685047
Comics
The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com...
What century had comics in local production?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What century had comics in local production?
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5acf824377cf76001a685048
Comics
The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com...
What 1925 cartoon made speech bubbles unpopular?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What [MASK] cartoon made speech bubbles unpopular?
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5acf824377cf76001a68504a
Comics
The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com...
When was "The Adventures of Tintin" unserialized?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
When was" [MASK]" unserialized?
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5acf860877cf76001a6850b2
Comics
Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig...
In the United States in the middle of the 19th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
In [MASK] in [MASK] comics were seen as a risk to culture and what?
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5acf860877cf76001a6850b3
Comics
Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig...
In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a boon to culture and what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
In [MASK] in [MASK] comics were seen as a boon to culture and what?
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5acf860877cf76001a6850b4
Comics
Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig...
What was seen as sophisticated reading in the United States?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What was seen as sophisticated reading in [MASK]?
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5acf860877cf76001a6850b5
Comics
Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig...
Comics were quoted as a product of art and what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comics were quoted as a product of art and what?
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5acf860877cf76001a6850b6
Comics
Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig...
Comics were quoted as a sabotage of writing and what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comics were quoted as a sabotage of writing and what?
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5acf864b77cf76001a6850d0
Comics
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
What does bandes dessinées not mean?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What does bandes dessinées not mean?
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5acf864b77cf76001a6850d1
Comics
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
Comics for kids began to be called what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comics for kids began to be called what?
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5acf864b77cf76001a6850d3
Comics
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
What became a best-seller comic in the English language?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What became a best- seller comic in the [MASK] language?
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5acf864b77cf76001a6850d4
Comics
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
What became a low-seller comic in the French language?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What became a low- seller comic in the [MASK] language?
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5acf86e977cf76001a6850ee
Comics
Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t...
Pilote cartoonists were happy with censorship and what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Pilote cartoonists were happy with censorship and what?
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5acf86e977cf76001a6850ef
Comics
Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t...
Pilote readers were upset with censorship and what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
[MASK] readers were upset with censorship and what?
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5acf86e977cf76001a6850f0
Comics
Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t...
When was L'Écho des savanes ended?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
When was [MASK] ended?
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5acf86e977cf76001a6850f1
Comics
Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t...
Métal hurlant wasn't of what genre?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Métal hurlant wasn't of what genre?
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5acf86e977cf76001a6850f2
Comics
Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t...
What format did child comics begin to be published in?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What format did child comics begin to be published in?
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5acf91a777cf76001a6852ae
Comics
Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ...
What word is rejected in France for comics?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What word is rejected in [MASK] for comics?
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5acf91a777cf76001a6852af
Comics
Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ...
What word is used in France for comedies?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What word is used in [MASK] for comedies?
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5acf91a777cf76001a6852b0
Comics
Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ...
What word isn't used in Japan for comics?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What word is n't used in [MASK] for comics?
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5acf91a777cf76001a6852b1
Comics
Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ...
What doesn't bandes dessinées mean?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What does n't [MASK] mean?
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5acf91a777cf76001a6852b2
Comics
Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ...
What is the non-definitive factor of bandes dessinées?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is the non-definitive factor of bandes dessinées?
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5acf8dae77cf76001a685228
Comics
Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page.
What comics aren't on the Internet?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What comics aren't on the Internet?
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5acf8dae77cf76001a685229
Comics
Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page.
Webcomics reach small audiences and new what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Webcomics reach small audiences and new what?
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5acf8dae77cf76001a68522a
Comics
Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page.
Webcomics reach large audiences and old what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Webcomics reach large audiences and old what?
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5acf8dae77cf76001a68522b
Comics
Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page.
With webcomics, readers have no access to what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
With webcomics, readers have no access to what?
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5acf8dae77cf76001a68522c
Comics
Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page.
Held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what?
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5acf8e0f77cf76001a685232
Comics
Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de...
Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by all?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by all?
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5acf8e0f77cf76001a685233
Comics
Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de...
Storyboards are not used a lot by what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Storyboards are not used a lot by what?
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5acf8e0f77cf76001a685234
Comics
Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de...
Scripts are used a lot by what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Scripts are used a lot by what?
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5acf8e0f77cf76001a685235
Comics
Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de...
Storyboards are considered what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Storyboards are considered what?
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5acf8e0f77cf76001a685236
Comics
Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de...
A book without pictures with no captions that tell a story are called what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
A book without pictures with no captions that tell a story are called what?
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5acf8e7077cf76001a685258
Comics
Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize th...
What has been reached as far as defining comics is concerned?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What has been reached as far as defining comics is concerned?
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5acf8e7077cf76001a685259
Comics
Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize th...
R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner and others are not considered to be comic what?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
[MASK], [MASK] and others are not considered to be comic what?
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5acf8e7077cf76001a68525a
Comics
Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize th...
What aren't there prominent examples of in comic history?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What aren't there prominent examples of in comic history?
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5acf8e7077cf76001a68525b
Comics
Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize th...
Comic critics, such as McCloud, stressed that sequences of what should be secondary?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comic critics, such as [MASK], stressed that sequences of what should be secondary?
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5acf8e7077cf76001a68525c
Comics
Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize th...
What century had remembered comic forms rediscovered?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What century had remembered comic forms rediscovered?
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5acf95a777cf76001a685380
Comics
Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is written.
What Russian word isn't used for comics?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What [MASK] word is n't used for comics?
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5acf95a777cf76001a685381
Comics
Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is written.
What Prussian word is used for comics?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What [MASK] word is used for comics?
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5acf95a777cf76001a685383
Comics
Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is written.
What Chinese word wasn't derived from the Japanese word manga?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What [MASK] word was n't derived from the [MASK] word manga?
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5acf95a777cf76001a685384
Comics
Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is written.
What Korean word wasn't derived from the Japanese word for manga?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What [MASK] word was n't derived from the [MASK] word for manga?
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5acf955a77cf76001a68536c
Comics
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
The word comic comes from the nonhumorous pieces found where?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
The word comic comes from the nonhumorous pieces found where?
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5acf955a77cf76001a68536d
Comics
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
Comic is used for what other kind of work especially humorous works?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comic is used for what other kind of work especially humorous works?
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5acf955a77cf76001a68536e
Comics
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
Comic books aren't what type of books?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Comic books aren't what type of books?
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5acf955a77cf76001a68536f
Comics
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
What is the term that the French use for the comics out of Japan?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is the term that the [MASK] use for the comics out of [MASK]?
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5acf955a77cf76001a685370
Comics
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
What is the term that the English use for the comics that don't come out of Belgian?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is the term that the [MASK] use for the comics that do n't come out of [MASK]?
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5acf950277cf76001a685352
Comics
While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero...
Though one person always creates the comic, there are usually a number of what involved in actually designing it?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
Though [MASK] person always creates the comic, there are usually a number of what involved in actually designing it?
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5acf950277cf76001a685353
Comics
While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero...
What is a person called who doesn't do the initial pencil work for the artwork?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is a person called who doesn't do the initial pencil work for the artwork?
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5acf950277cf76001a685354
Comics
While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero...
What is a person called who does the initial pen work for the artwork?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What is a person called who does the initial pen work for the artwork?
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5acf950277cf76001a685355
Comics
While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero...
What does an linker do?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What does an linker do?
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5acf950277cf76001a685356
Comics
While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero...
What doesn't an inker do?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
What doesn't an inker do?
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