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simpler over view on dao: a functional logic solver with builtinparsing power, and dinpy, the sugar
Discussion in 'Python' started by Simeon Chaos,
def power, problem when raising power to decimals, Apr 16, 2008, in forum: Python
- Replies:
- 8
- Views:
- 371
- Mark Dickinson
- Apr 17, 2008
Python Logic Map/Logic Flow Chart. (Example Provided)spike, Feb 8, 2010, in forum: Python
- Replies:
- 8
- Views:
- 1,471
- Steve Holden
- Feb 9, 2010
How to make a week view and day view calendar just like month view calendar in .NET ?Parthiv Joshi, Jul 6, 2004, in forum: ASP .Net Web Controls
- Replies:
- 1
- Views:
- 689
- Samuel L Matzen
- Jul 6, 2004
What would happen when lisp meets prolog in python? Dao and Dinpy arises!Simeon Chaos, Nov 6, 2011, in forum: Python
- Replies:
- 0
- Views:
- 186
- Simeon Chaos
- Nov 6, 2011
Lambda calculus & functional programming - the view from RubyPhilip Rhoades, Jun 28, 2008, in forum: Ruby
- Replies:
- 4
- Views:
- 104
- James Britt
- Jun 29, 2008 | http://www.thecodingforums.com/threads/simpler-over-view-on-dao-a-functional-logic-solver-with-builtinparsing-power-and-dinpy-the-sugar.805686/ | CC-MAIN-2014-41 | refinedweb | 163 | 61.5 |
Text::Bidi::Paragraph - Run the bidi algorithm on one paragraph
version 2.09
use Text::Bidi::Paragraph; my $par = new Text::Bidi::Paragraph $logical; my $offset = 0; my $width = 80; while ( $offset < $p->len ) { my $v = $p->visual($offset, $width); say $v; $offset += $width; }
This class provides the main interface for applying the bidi algorithm in full generality. In the case where the paragraph can be formatted at once, "log2vis" in Text::Bidi can be used as a shortcut.
A paragraph is processed by creating a Text::Bidi::Paragraph object:
$par = new Text::Bidi::Paragraph $logical;
Here
$logical is the text of the paragraph. This applies the first stages of the bidi algorithm: computation of the embedding levels. Once this is done, the text can be displayed using the "visual" method, which does the reordering.
my $par = new Text::Bidi::Paragraph $logical, ...;
Create a new object corresponding to a text $logical in logical order. The other arguments are key-value pairs. The only ones that have a meaning at the moment are bd, which supplies the Text::Bidi object to use, and dir, which prescribes the direction of the paragraph. The value of dir is a constant in
Text::Bidi::Par:: (e.g.,
$Text::Bidi::Par::RTL; see Text::Bidi::Constants).
Note that the mere creation of $par runs the bidi algorithm on the given text $logical up to the point of reordering (which is dealt with in "visual").
my $logical = $par->par;
Returns the logical (input) text corresponding to this paragraph.
my $dir = $par->dir;
Returns the direction of this paragraph, a constant in the
$Text::Bidi::Par:: namespace.
my $len = $par->len;
The length of this paragraph.
my $types = $par->types;
The Bidi types of the characters in this paragraph. Each element of
@$types is a constant in the
$Text::Bidi::Type:: namespace.
my $levels = $par->levels;
The embedding levels for this paragraph. Each element of
@$levels is an integer.
my $bd = $par->bd;
The Text::Bidi object used to interface with libfribidi.
my $map = $par->map;
The map from the logical text to the visual, i.e., the values in
$map are indices in the logical string, so that the
$i-th character of the visual string is the character that occurs at
$map->[$i] in the logical string.
This is updated on each call to "visual", so that the map for the full paragraph is correct only after calling "visual" for the whole text.
@types = $par->type_names;
Returns the list of bidi types as strings
my $rtl = $par->is_rtl;
Returns true if the direction of the paragraph is
RTL (right to left).
my $visual = $par->visual($offset, $length, $flags);
Return the visual representation of the part of the paragraph $par starting at $offset and of length $length. $par is a Text::Bidi::Paragraph object. All arguments are optional, with $offset defaulting to
0 and $length to the length till the end of the paragraph (see below from $flags).
Note that this method does not take care of right-justifying the text if the paragraph direction is
RTL. Hence a typical application might look as follows:
my $visual = $par->visual($offset, $width, $flags); my $len = length($visual); $visual = (' ' x ($width - $len)) . $visual if $par->is_rtl;
Note also that the length of the result might be strictly less than $length.
The $flags argument, if defined, should be either a hashref or an integer. If it is a number, its meaning is the same as in
fribidi_reorder_line(3). A hashref is converted to the corresponding values for keys whose value is true. The keys should be the same as the constants in fribidi-types.h, with the prefix
FRIBIDI_FLAGS_ removed.
In addition, the $flags hashref may contain lower-case keys. The only one recognised at the moment is break. Its value, if given, should be a string at which the line should be broken. Hence, if this key is given, the actual length is potentially reduced, so that the line breaks at the given string (if possible). A typical value for break is
' '.. | http://search.cpan.org/~kamensky/Text-Bidi-2.09/lib/Text/Bidi/Paragraph.pm | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | refinedweb | 674 | 64.71 |
Managing Lookup Tables with Entity Framework Code First
Oftentimes in our applications we will have such things as a "lookup table". I am defining a lookup table as a list of relatively fixed or static choices such as status codes, states or provinces, and so on. In this post I will share how I manage lookup tables using Entity Framework.
Background: The Problem
Let's work with a lookup table of status codes. Often, in an application, there is some logic that is related to the status of some entity, such that doing the same action will produce different results depending on the entity's status. For example, in a banking system, the loan process might be different between regular or VIP customers. In a retail store, the checkout process might be different between members and non-members. In each case, a status check is part of the workflow, and the workflow branches depending on the result of the status check.
Now, suppose that statuses are stored in a lookup table in a database. How can the status be queried reliably and accurately?
Background: The Common Solution
Often, what I see done is this: in the database, an additional column is created called "code" or similar. The sole purpose of this column is to serve as an identifier in the application: the known "codes" are stored in the application in some data structure such as a dictionary or in a class of constants. The codes doesn't appear on any screen, and the data structure holding the codes are only used during checking.
For example, the database values would look like this:
Id Code Text 1 NON Non-Member 2 GLD Gold Member 3 SVR Silver Member
And then there would be a class of constants that look like this:
public class StatusCode { public const string NonMember = "NON"; public const string GoldMember = "GLD"; public const string SilverMember = "SVR"; }
Which would be used like this:
switch (entity.Status.Code) { case StatusCode.NonMember: // logic for non-members case StatusCode.GoldMember: // logic for gold members // .. other cases .. }
This works, but there are a few downsides / points for improvements that I see:
- The
Statusmember has to be brought in to enable a status check. See how we are drilling into
entity.Statusin the switch statement? That means an additional
JOINoperation on the database. Just to check the status of an entity.
- It's a magic string that doesn't really identify a particular row. Sure, we see a code like "GLD" and kinda infer that it is linked with the gold status. But the link stops there - there is no way in the code to enforce the link.
- It's not directly a domain term. The code's sole purpose is to serve as an identifier in the code (and as we saw above, it's not even that strong of an identifier). It doesn't appear on any screen, and users of the application don't use these codes. Which may be all fine if the code is a necessity, but, as we will see below, there is a better way.
So what's the better way?
Use the Primary Key as the Identifier
Yes, you read that right: just use the primary key as the identifier. Before I list the "why", let me post some sample code that uses this approach.
The database values would now look like this:
Id Text 1 Non-Member 2 Gold Member 3 Silver Member
The class of constants would now look like this:
public class StatusId { public const int NonMember = 1; public const int GoldMember = 2; public const int SilverMember = 3; }
Which would then be used like this:
switch (entity.StatusId) { case StatusId.NonMember: // logic for non-members case StatusId.GoldMember: // logic for gold members // .. other cases .. }
Now I can list the advantages that I see, which are answers to the disadvantages I listed above:
- The status can be checked directly on the entity, without bringing in the related
Statusobject. We are now directly using the
StatusIdin the entity rather than drilling down to the
Statusobject. That is one less
JOINthat we have to make.
- We have the strongest possible identifier - it's the primary key. We really can't get a stronger identifier than that.
- We have removed our "clutch" column. Since we are using the primary key as identifier, we don't need an extra column anymore. The database will be less cluttered.
I know what you're thinking now:
Isn't Having a Strong Coupling with the Primary Key Directly a Bad Idea?
Back in the day, lookup tables are populated with SQL insert commands. If lookup tables have an identity primary key (and they usually do), there was no reliable way to determine beforehand what the generated primary keys would be - you would have to look at those after the insert script ran. Therefore, using codes made sense, as that was something known before the actual insert and is something that could be synchronized with the code.
But when using Entity Framework, particularly the Code First workflow with migrations, insert scripts are no longer necessary. The implementation of migrations also lend itself well to the approach I described of using the primary keys as identifiers.
Managing Migrations
A very useful method that can be used in migrations is the
AddOrUpdate method. The
AddOrUpdate method takes a list of entities as a parameter. For each entity in the list, it adds it to the database if it's not already there, and updates it otherwise. The method also takes in an expression as a parameter, and uses this expression to determine if an entity already exists or not.
How does this fit in with the lookup tables we are discussing?
Well, remember the constants class above, where we had all the ids? Here is how we can use that in migrations:
context.Statuses.AddOrUpdate(s => s.Id, new Status { Id = StatusId.NonMember, Text = "Non-Member" }, new Status { Id = StatusId.GoldMember, Text = "Gold Member" }, new Status { Id = StatusId.SilverMember, Text = "Silver Member" });
Here we are seeding statuses and using the Id as the identifier expression. Notice that we are using the
StatusId class when constructing the objects - the same class that we use when checking the statuses. This gives us a strong guarantee that our identifiers really accurately identify whichever row they're supposed to be able to identify.
This is an example of embracing the Code First workflow - now we not only using code first for the schema but for the data as well.
In my opinion, this trumps the approach with the "code" columns I described above.
Conclusion
In this post I described a solution to lookup table management using Entity Framework Code First and migrations. The solution involves using primary keys directly instead of introducing an arbitrary column (such as a "code" column). This approach ties in nicely with the Code First migrations workflow and provides a very strong means of identification. | https://www.ojdevelops.com/2016/04/managing-lookup-tables-with-entity.html | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | refinedweb | 1,161 | 63.19 |
Changelog History
Page 8
Changelog History
Page 8
v1.1.4
🚀 Released on 2015-01-30.
➕ Added
- Podspec argument
requires_arcto the podspec file.
- Added by Mattt Thompson.
- 👌 Support for Travis-CI for automated testing purposes.
- Added by Kyle Fuller in Pull Request #279.
⚡️ Updated
- Installation instructions in the README to include CocoaPods, Carthage and Embedded Frameworks.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson.
- Travis-CI to use Xcode 6.1.1.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson.
- The
downloadmethod on
Managerto use
Request.DownloadFileDestinationtypealias.
- Updated by Alexander Strakovich in Pull Request #318.
- 🔧
RequestTeststo no longer delete all cookies in default session configuration.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson.
- 🏗 Travis-CI yaml file to only build the active architecture.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson.
- 🚀 Deployment targets to iOS 7.0 and Mac OS X 10.9.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson.
✂ Removed
- ✅ The
tearDownmethod in the
AlamofireDownloadResponseTestCase.
- Removed by Mattt Thompson.
🛠 Fixed
- Small formatting issue in the CocoaPods Podfile example in the README.
- Several issues with the iOS and OSX targets in the Xcode project.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
- ✅ The
testDownloadRequestin
DownloadTestsby adding
.jsonfile extension.
- Fixed by Martin Kavalar in Pull Request #302.
- ✅ The
AlamofireRequestDebugDescriptionTestCaseon OSX.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
- Spec validation error with CocoaPods 0.36.0.beta-1 by disabling -b flags in
cURLdebug on OSX.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
- 🏗 Travis-CI build issue by adding suppport for an
iOS Examplescheme.
- Fixed by Yasuharu Ozaki in Pull Request #322.
v1.1.3
🚀 Released on 2015-01-09.
➕ Added
- 🚀 Podspec file to support CocoaPods deployment.
- Added by Marius Rackwitz in Pull Request #218.
- 🚀 Shared scheme to support Carthage deployments.
- Added by Yosuke Ishikawa in Pull Request #228.
- 🆕 New target for Alamofire OSX framework.
- Added by Martin Kavalar in Pull Request #293.
⚡️ Updated
- ⚡️ Upload and Download progress state to be updated before calling progress closure.
- Updated by Alexander Strakovich in Pull Request #278.
🛠 Fixed
- Some casting code logic in the Generic Response Object Serialization example in the README.
- Fixed by Philip Heinser in Pull Request #258.
- 📚 Indentation formatting of the
responseStringparameter documentation.
v1.1.2
🚀 Released on 2014-12-21.
➕ Added
- ✅ POST request JSON response test.
- Added by Mattt Thompson.
⚡️ Updated
- The response object example to use a failable initializer in the README.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson in regards to Issue #230.
- Router example in the README by removing extraneous force unwrap.
- Updated by Arnaud Mesureur in Pull Request #247.
- Xcode project
APPLICATION_EXTENSION_API_ONLYflag to
YES.
- Updated by Michael Latta in Pull Request #273.
- 0️⃣ Default HTTP header creation by moving it into a public class method.
- Updated by Christian Noon in Pull Request #261.
🛠 Fixed
- Upload stream method to set
HTTPBodyStreamfor streamed request.
- Fixed by Florent Vilmart and Mattt Thompson in Pull Request #241.
- ParameterEncoding to compose percent-encoded query strings from percent-encoded components.
- Fixed by Oleh Sannikov in Pull Request #249.
- Serialization handling of NSData with 0 bytes.
- Fixed by Mike Owens in Pull Request #254.
- Issue where
suggestedDownloadDestinationparameters were being ignored.
- Fixed by Christian Noon in Pull Request #257.
- 📚 Crash caused by
Managerdeinitialization and added documentation.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson in regards to Issue #269.
v1.1.1
🚀 Released on 2014-11-20.
⚡️ Updated
- 🔀 Dispatch-based synchronized access to subdelegates.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson in regards to Pull Request #175.
- iOS 7 instructions in the README.
- Updated by Mattt Thompson.
- CRUD example in the README to work on Xcode 6.1.
- Updated by John Beynon in Pull Request #187.
- The
cURLexample annotation in the README to pick up
bashsyntax highlighting.
- Updated by Samuel E. Giddins in Pull Request #208.
🛠 Fixed
- 👻 Out-of-memory exception by replacing
stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters✅ with
CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson in regards to Issue #206.
- Several issues in the README examples where an NSURL initializer needs to be unwrapped.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson in regards to Pull Request #213.
- 👻 Possible exception when force unwrapping optional header properties.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
- Optional cookie entry in
cURLoutput.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson in regards to Issue #226.
- Optional
textLabelproperty on cells in the example app.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
v1.1.0
🚀 Released on 2014-10-20.
⚡️ Updated
- 👍 Project to support Swift 1.1 and Xcode 6.1.
- Updated by Aral Balkan, Ross Kimes, Orta Therox, Nico du Plessis and Mattt Thompson.
v1.0.1
🚀 Released on 2014-10-20.
➕ Added
- ✅ Tests for upload and download with progress.
- Added by Mattt Thompson.
- ✅ Test for question marks in url encoded query.
- Added by Mattt Thompson.
- The
NSURLSessionConfigurationheaders to
cURLrepresentation.
- Added by Matthias Ryne Cheow in Pull Request #140.
- ✅ Parameter encoding tests for key/value pairs containing spaces.
- Added by Mattt Thompson.
- Percent character encoding for the
+character.
- Added by Niels van Hoorn in Pull Request #167.
- 👍 Escaping for quotes to support JSON in
cURLcommands.
- The
requestmethod to the
Managerbringing it more inline with the top-level methods.
- Added by Brian Smith.
🛠 Fixed
- Parameter encoding of ampersands and escaping of characters.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson in regards to Issues #146 and #162.
- Parameter encoding of
HTTPBodyfrom occurring twice.
- Extraneous dispatch to background by using weak reference for delegate in response.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
- Response handler threading issue by adding a
subdelegateQueueto the
SessionDelegate.
- Fixed by Essan Parto in Pull Request #171.
- Challenge issue where basic auth credentials were not being unwrapped.
- Fixed by Mattt Thompson.
v1.0.0
🚀 Released on 2014-09-25.
➕ Added
- 🎉 Initial release of Alamofire.
- Added by Mattt Thompson. | https://swift.libhunt.com/alamofire-changelog?page=8 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | refinedweb | 885 | 55.71 |
Hello,
I have problem with my program. I am trying to calculate analytically the value of integral with two different set of parameters
and then for both I calculate the value using Simpson rule.
I don't know how to modify my code to calculate a) with Simpson rule, because now all the results are the same n and I don't know why after n=15 all my results are 0.
I was reading about double representation and I was analysing the Simpson rule and my analytically code for integral but I can't figure it out why there are 0, because I calculate it with Mathematica to improve my results and it gives
my some numbers not 0.
For now I have this code, the results from section b) and analytically from a) are ok expect n>15 where I have 0.
Code:#include <iomanip> #include <iostream> #include <cmath> #include <fstream> using namespace std; const int N = 1; double f(double x) { double dx, b=2.0, z, p; int n; for(n=1;n<=20;n++){ p=1 - (pow(10.0, (-n))); z=1/(pow(x, p)); return z;} } double fx(double x) { double n; double p=0.5; double b=1 + (pow(10.0, (-n))); double dx=(b-1)/N; double z=dx/(pow(x, p)); return z; } int main() { ofstream PLIK; double a, b, s1,s2,s3,s4,x, p; int i; int n; s1=0;s3=0; s2=0;s4=0; cout.unsetf(ios::floatfield); cout.precision(16); PLIK.open("RESULTS.txt"); cout << "ANALYTICALLY." << endl; PLIK<<"ANALYTICALLY A<<endl; cout << "SECTION A:" << endl; // Podpunkt pierwszy for (n = 1; n <= 20; n++) { a=1.0; b=2.0; cout << n << " "; p = 1 - pow(10.0, (-n)); s1 = (pow(b, (1 - p)) - (pow(a, (1 - p))))/(1 - p); cout <<s1<<" " << endl; PLIK<<s1<<setprecision(16)<<" "<<endl; } PLIK<<"ANALYTICALLY B"<<endl; cout << "ANALYTICALLY " << endl; cout << "SECTION B:" << endl; // Podpunkt drugii for (n = 1; n <= 20; n++) { a=1.0; p=0.5; cout << n << " "; b = 1 + pow(10.0, (-n)); s2 = (pow(b, (1 - p)) - (pow(a, (1 - p))))/(1 - p); cout << s2<<" " << endl; PLIK<<s2<<setprecision(16)<<" "<<endl; } PLIK<<"SIMPSON A"<<endl; cout << "SIMPSON RULE" << endl; cout << "SECTION A" << endl; for (n = 1; n <= 20; n++) { p=1 - (pow(10.0, (-n))); a=1.0; cout << n << " "; b=2.0; s3 = (b-a)/ 6 * (f(a) + (4*(f((a+b)/2)))+f(b)); cout << s3<<" " << endl; PLIK<<s3<<setprecision(16)<<" "<<endl; } PLIK<<"SIMPSON B"<<endl; cout << "SIMPSON RULE " << endl; cout << "SECTION B" << endl; for (n = 1; n <= 20; n++) { a=1.0;p=0.5; cout << n << " "; b=1 + pow(10.0, (-n)); s4 = (b-a)/ 6 * (fx(a) + (4*(fx((a+b)/2)))+fx(b)); cout << s4 << " " << endl; PLIK<<s4<<setprecision(16)<<" "<<endl; } PLIK.close(); cout<<endl; | http://forums.devshed.com/programming/935688-integral-calculus-using-analytically-simpson-methods-last-post.html | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | refinedweb | 472 | 71.44 |
Code First approach inside the Entity Framework.
In this article we will focus on Code First approach provided by the entity framework(EF). EF also has Database First and Model First approach apart from Code First approach. Code First approach is a process where in we create our own POCO classes and EF will create corresponding Database based on our classes, automatically.
Code First Approach in the Entity Framework
In this article lets get the required understanding of Code First approach and its uses in the application and how Entity Framework treats the user using Code First approach in their applications.
Lets get to the introduction and basic aim of Entity Framework first.
Introduction to Entity Framework
Microsoft has introduced Entity framework with an aim to make it a prefferable approach to access back end objects. EntityFramework(EF) is an abstract of ADO.NET. It is not a new technology but a layer created on top of ADO.NET. It is based on ORM(Object relational mapping) framework and gives the developer an automated mechanism for accessing and storing the data in the database.
Code First
As the name suggest, in Code First, we will create the Code First and based on our code EF will create the corresponding tables automatically. So a developer will start writing the code in C# without worrying or focusing on database design.
EF have introduced 3 approaches:
- Database First
- Model First
- Code First
Now lets start with working on to getting our first hands on Code First Approach.
The Examples used below are much simpler in nature to make it more understandable to the users.
POCO classes
Lets start the Code-First by creating classes(POCO - Plain Old CLR Objects)
public class Book
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string BookName { get; set;}
public string BookPublication { get; set;}
public List
}
public class Author
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string AuthorName{ get; set; }
public string AuthorCompany { get; set; }
}
Web.Config changes
We need to define a connection string in the Web.Config file, so EF will be able to create and manage the Book and Author Details. A sample ConnectionString is shown below:
Creating the DBContext class and accessing it
In order to access the classes created by us, we need to create DBContext classes and obtain methods to access the POCO classes.
Following is the DBContext classes used:
public class BooksDBContext : DbContext
{
public DbSet
public DbSet
public BooksDBContext()
:base("name=BooksCOnnString")
{
}
}
Now lets create a class named as Books and retrieve the date from BooksDBContext
public class Books
{
BooksDBContext bookContext = new BooksDBContext();
public List
{
return (from b in bookContext.Books
select b).ToList();
}
}
When you debug your code you wil be able to see the list of Book details along with the Author information.
Controller class
To complete the task, lets create a controller to test the result passed in the list
public class BooksController : Controller
{
BooksDBContext bookContext;
public BooksController()
{
bookContext = new BooksDBContext();
}
public ActionResult Index()
{
var books = bookContext.Books.ToList();
return View(books);
}
public ActionResult GetAuthorInfo()
{
var books = bookContext.Authors.ToList();
return View(books);
}
}
Hence, using Code first approach in Entity Framework, we get the Book information and Author Information in the list and we can parse the list to the view and create a presentable UI to the end user.
Authors { get; set; } name="BooksCOnnString" Books { get; set; } Authors { get; set; } GetBookDetails(). Code First relies on DbContext. We create two three classes
5) We will have to add EF 5.0 to our project. Right-click on the project in the Solution | http://www.dotnetspider.com/resources/44932-Code-First-approach-inside-Entity-Framework.aspx | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | refinedweb | 591 | 51.58 |
Code. Collaborate. Organize.
No Limits. Try it Today.
Have you ever (for some reason or other) needed to use C# from within a Java program? Ever wondered how you could possibly make C# calls from within Java? Well, I will try to explain what is needed in this whole process.
I was working on some Keyboard Hooking problems, and found it very easy to develop it using C#. The problem was that I was trying to develop a solution (originally) for a Java based program. After much Internet searching, I finally stumbled onto a really good article that started to put the pieces together. The article "Experience in integrating Java with C# and .NET" by Judith Bishop, R. Nigel Horspool, and Basil Worrall, was the insight I needed to start this project.
That article does show a method to use C# within a Java program; however, I didn't find it was easy to understand the whole process. After I actually had C# working within a Java program, I realized that the process could become a CodeProject article (my first article).
This figure is taken from the article "Experience in integrating Java with C# and .NET" by Judith Bishop, R. Nigel Horspool, and Basil Worrall.
I guess the best way to use this code is to experiment with it, and use it as a template for a project. I obviously didn't do anything terribly complicated, by just putting up a "Hello World" example, but I wanted people to see the easiest way possible first. The sample code is simply a console based Java program which will show the "Hello World, from C#" message. I'm also including all the source code and projects in all four languages.
Why the need for so many wrappers, you may ask. Well, several layers of wrapping are needed because the DLL produced by compiling a C# program into a library is not compatible with Java's JNI. The double layer of C++ above is required because the DLL with which the JNI subsystem interacts with has to be static, procedural code (not object oriented). So, the first layer is essentially C code. Fortunately, static C code will accommodate (static) pointers to C++ objects. It's doubtful whether the static C code could interact directly with a C# object, since there are things like garbage collection to consider.
I was using Netbeans 4.0 as my main Java IDE at the time, and because of that, the process of using native code was a little more complicated. The reason for that is because a Netbeans project wants to put code inside packages rather than just use the default namespace. The javah console program, however, doesn't look at the package, and therefore doesn't correctly make the header in the right namespace. So, as I found out, there's a simple two second fix, which just requires you to edit the generated header file to correctly make the connection through JNI to the native methods in C++.
Here is the only Java code, which resides in the helloworld package:
helloworld
public class HelloWorld {
public native void displayHelloWorld();
static {
System.loadLibrary("HelloWorld");
}
public static void main (String[] args) {
new HelloWorld().displayHelloWorld();
}
}
So then, to make this into the header which is needed by the C++ library, this command needed to be run:
javah -jni helloworld.java
That step produces the following header:
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class HelloWorld */
#ifndef _Included_HelloWorlds
However, if we don't change the generated header, then the JNI call will fail as the method has a different signature due to NetBeans and the package. So the JNIEXPORT line is changed to:
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_helloworld_HelloWorld_displayHelloWorld (JNIEnv *, jobject);
The purpose of the C++ library is to become the JNI Wrapper for the call (through the Managed C++ wrapper) to the endpoint C# code.
#include <jni.h>
// This is the java header created using the javah -jni command.
#include "Java\HelloWorld.h"
// This is the Managed C++ header that contains the call to the C#
#include "MCPP\HelloWorld.h"
// This is the JNI call to the Managed C++ Class
// NOTE: When the java header was created, the package name was not included
// in the JNI call. This naming convention was corrected by adding the
// "helloworld" name following the following syntax:
// Java_<package name>_<class name>_<method name>
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_helloworld_HelloWorld_displayHelloWorld(JNIEnv *jn, jobject jobj) {
// Instantiate the MC++ class.
HelloWorldC* t = new HelloWorldC();
// The actual call is made.
t->callCSharpHelloWorld();
}
();
}
};
The step that is required for the interaction between Managed C++ and C# is that the CSharpHelloWorld library be compiled as a .netmodule. To do this, the following command must be run from either the console or as a post-build event within the C# project (I streamlined the process by using post-build):
csc /debug /t:module "$(OutDir)\$(ProjectName).dll"
There is barely any code in this project, as I only wanted to show the simplest example possible. And what, my friends, is more simple than 'HelloWorld'?
using System;
public class CSharpHelloWorld
{
public CSharpHelloWorld() {}
/// <summary>
/// displayHelloWorld will be the method called from within java.
/// </summary>
public void displayHelloWorld()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello World, from C#!");
}
}
Working with Java JNI is quite a pain, especially by using Netbeans as an IDE. Hopefully, I've given you some insight as to what to expect at the different steps of this process. I must have hit every single roadblock in this project, and taken the time to look up what. | http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/13093/C-method-calls-within-a-Java-program?msg=1766998 | CC-MAIN-2014-23 | refinedweb | 926 | 62.17 |
Strange Problem - All of my preloaded .swf files play at oncermacatee Feb 14, 2013 2:45 PM
Hey guys,
I've been getting a strange problem that I haven't been able to debug. I recently developed an interactive audio and video treatment program that users click through in which a master swf file (DTM-Start.swf) uses ActionScript upon first being loaded to load the rest of the program in the background. Here's how the code looks:
import flash.display.MovieClip;
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.net.URLRequest;
import flash.events.Event;
// create movieclip objects to hold the loaded movies
var intr1:MovieClip;
var maladaptIntr1:MovieClip;
.
.
.
var maladaptIntr1Loader:Loader = new Loader();
var maladaptIntr1Request:URLRequest = new URLRequest("DTM-Maladapt1.swf");
maladaptIntr1Loader.load(maladaptIntr1Request);
maladaptIntr1Loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, maladaptIntr1Loaded);
var intr1Loader:Loader = new Loader();
var intr1Request:URLRequest = new URLRequest("DTM-Intr1.swf");
intr1Loader.load(intr1Request);
intr1Loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, intr1Loaded);
.
.
.
function maladaptIntr1Loaded(event:Event):void
{
maladaptIntr1 = event.currentTarget.content as MovieClip;
maladaptIntr1.stop();
addChild(maladaptIntr1);
maladaptIntr1.y = -1000
trace("maladaptIntr1");
}
function intr1Loaded(event:Event):void
{
intr1 = event.currentTarget.content as MovieClip;
intr1.stop();
addChild(intr1);
intr1.y = -1000
trace("intr1");
}
.
.
.
function playIntr1() {
intr1.y = 0;
intr1.play();
}
function playMaladapt1() {
maladaptIntr1.y = 0;
maladaptIntr1.play();
}
.
.
.
So that's the idea. What's strange is that when I load a .swf file compiled with AIR 2.6 (because the user interacts with the movie and a text file is output) it's fine too, but as soon as I add any actionscript, even if it's just a stop() command, to a .swf file compiled with AIR, the DTM-Start.swf loads and then plays all of the movies simultaneously so they're all going off at once. Essentially, flash seems to be ignoring the maladaptIntr.stop() command in the Loaded function, for instance. I just don't understand why adding any Actionscript whatsoever to a .swf compiled with AIR would make my DTM-Start do this. I am very confident this is the issue too, because loading .swf files compiled with the FlashPlayer with action script are fine...AIR .swf files without Actionscript are fine too, it's only AIR .swf files with ANY actionscript that cause this problem....
Any ideas?
Much appreciated!
Thanks,
Ricky
1. Re: Strange Problem - All of my preloaded .swf files play at onceNabren Feb 14, 2013 3:06 PM (in response to rmacatee)
Generally timeline code executes after events so if you call stop() in the load event but there is a play() command in the timeline - the play() command would overwrite the stop().
However, you made it sound like you added a stop() not a play() so I am not quite sure what is going on. But definitely watch out for the order of events - maybe add a trace in your master loader and in your child SWF to see the order of execution and go from there.
2. Re: Strange Problem - All of my preloaded .swf files play at oncermacatee Feb 15, 2013 9:20 PM (in response to Nabren)
So I've added traces in and what seems to be happening is all of the child swfs are getting loaded and playing automatically before any of the Loaded functions get called and add the swf as a child and stop it's execution....in other words, I'm not seeing the trace indicating that Flash has entered the Loaded function until after the .swf files have already been loaded and started to play...Interestingly, on some test runs when Flash just happens to load all of the files rapidly, the Loaded functions do get called and not as many of the .swfs are played automatically so the error is lessened, so this seems to be an issue of variable efficiency onthe part of Flash in terms of getting to all of the loaded functions on time....is there a way for me to pause execution in such a way that flash waits for each specific .swf file to be loaded and its loaded function to be called (where its execution is stopped and its pushed off the screen and added as a child) before moving onto the next .swf to be loaded...and then only proceeding through the main timeline when all of those files have been loaded? Perhaps a pause function or something like that...?
Help would be much appreciated!!!
3. Re: Strange Problem - All of my preloaded .swf files play at onceAmy Blankenship Feb 16, 2013 7:52 AM (in response to rmacatee)
One solution is simply to have a stop() in the constructor of the document Class of each swf you're loading. Another solution is something like:
package {
class MainDocument extends MovieClip {
protected var swfs:Array = ['DTM-Maladapt1.swf', 'DTM-Intr1.swf'];
protected var positions:Array = [{x:0, y:0}, {x:0, y:0}];
protected var movies:Array /*of MovieClips*/ = [];
protected var loadIndex:int;
protected var playIndex:int;
protected var curremtMovie:MovieClip;
public function MainDocument() {
super();
loadMovie(loadIndex);
}
protected function loadMovie(loadIndex:int):void {
var loader:Loader = new Loader;
loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onLoadComplete);
loader.load(new URLRequest(swfs[loadIndex]));
}
protected function onLoadComplete(e:Event):void {
var mc:MovieClip = LoaderInfo(e.currentTarget).content as MovieClip;
mc.stop();
var position:Object = positions[loadIndex];
mc.x = positions.x;
mc.y = positions.y;
addChild(mc);
movies[movies.length] = mc;
loadIndex++;
if (loadIndex<swfs.length) {
loadMovie(loadInxed);
} else {
playMovie(playIndex);
}
}
protected function playMovie(playIndex):void{
if (currentMovie) {
currentMovie.stop();
}
currentMovie = movies[playIndex];
currentMovie.play();
}
}
}
Note that with this approach you don't need to create a whole new set of logic each time you want to add a new swf to load.
4. Re: Strange Problem - All of my preloaded .swf files play at onceNabren Feb 16, 2013 6:42 PM (in response to rmacatee)
As Amy suggested you can definitely add a stop() to each SWF as soon as they load.
Another solution is in your loader SWF you can use gotoAndStop(1) instead of just stop() to force it back to the first frame if it did play past that before your code was notified. | https://forums.adobe.com/message/5074371 | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | refinedweb | 1,018 | 58.58 |
$25.00.
Premium members get this course for $63.20.
Premium members get this course for $62.50.
Premium members get this course for $159.20.
Premium members get this course for $39.20.
Premium members get this course for $12.50.
CComQIPtr<IServiceProvider
if (sp) {
sp->QueryService(IID_IWebB
// use webBrowser as needed.
}
If this is true, you might ask why pUnkSite does not implement IWebBrowser2 (or even whether it should implement IWebBrowser2), but I'd have to look deeper into the problem to answer this, and I think that would be worth more than 150 points.
With monday.com’s project management tool, you can see what everyone on your team is working in a single glance. Its intuitive dashboards are customizable, so you can create systems that work for you.
I have IE4 here at work and just wrote a quick COM object that does not have the problem you describe. Here's the code I tried:
HRESULT CFoo::SetSite(IUnknown *pUnkSite)
{
CComQIPtr<IWebBrowser2, &IID_IWebBrowser2> spWebBrowser2;
spWebBrowser2 = pUnkSite;
return (spWebBrowser2 == NULL) ? E_INVALIDARG : S_OK;
}
This worked fine when invoked by either iexplore.exe or explorer.exe.
If I have time, I can try this on IE5 when I go home this evening.
If, on the other hand, you're having this problem with IE4, you'll probably have to send me your code since I can't reproduce the problem.
-- Zizzer
I thought I would raise the points again to make answering this question worth the time your spending on it.
> since you cannot add buttons to the
> toolbar?
I am making the call with IE4 by registering my COM server as a "browser helper object" (BHO). As you point out, there is no way to add a button to the IE4 toolbar, but IE4 will still create my object if it is registered correctly as a BHO. See for an example of what I'm doing. This code seems to work fine under IE4.
> Is this actually the problem?
I don't think so, but I'm not really sure what the problem is yet, so I can't say for sure.
> Does IE5 pass the wrong thing to
> SetSite?
Possibly. As I mentioned, I will experiment with IE5 at home if I have the time.
> The documentation I have found said
> that IE passes a pointer to
> IShellBrowser.
I have seen the same documentation. It seems that the passed-in object implements (or is supposed to implement) both IShellBrowser and IWebBrowser2. This is a perfectly reasonable thing for a COM object to do.
Thanks for raising the points. I'll let you know when I have more info. You can "unlock" the question (if that makes sense -- I'm new to Experts Exchange) if you'd like to solicit help from others in the meantime.
-- Zizzer | https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/10227603/IObjectWithSite.html | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | refinedweb | 469 | 74.39 |
fdescfs -- file-descriptor file system
fdescfs /dev/fd fdescfs rw 0 0
The file-descriptor file system, or fdescfs, provides access to the perprocess
file descriptor namespace in the global file system namespace.
The conventional mount point is /dev/fd.
The file system's.
Flags to the open(2) call other than O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY and O_RDWR are
ignored.
/dev/fd/#
mount_devfs(8), mount_fdescfs(8)
The fdescfs file system first appeared in 4.4BSD. The fdescfs manual
page first appeared in FreeBSD 2.2.
The fdescfs manual page was written by Mike Pritchard <mpp@FreeBSD.org>,
and was based on the mount_fdescfs(8) manual page written by Jan-Simon
Pendry.
FreeBSD 5.2.1 December 14, 1996 FreeBSD 5.2.1 | http://nixdoc.net/man-pages/FreeBSD/man5/fdescfs.5.html | CC-MAIN-2014-52 | refinedweb | 120 | 60.11 |
The QFocusData class maintains the list of widgets in the focus chain. More...
#include <qfocusdata.h>
List of all member functions.
This read-only list always contains at least one widget (i.e. the top-level widget). It provides a simple cursor which can be reset to the current focus widget using home(), or moved to its neighboring widgets using next() and prev(). You can also retrieve the count() of the number of widgets in the list. The list is a loop, so if you keep iterating, for example using next(), you will never come to the end.
Some widgets in the list may not accept focus. Widgets are added to the list as necessary, but not removed from it. This lets widgets change focus policy dynamically without disrupting the focus chain the user experiences. When a widget disables and re-enables tab focus, its position in the focus chain does not change.
When reimplementing QWidget::focusNextPrevChild() to provide special focus flow, you will usually call QWidget::focusData() to retrieve the focus data stored at the top-level widget. A top-level widget's focus data contains the focus list for its hierarchy of widgets.
The cursor may change at any time.
This class is not thread-safe.
See also QWidget::focusNextPrevChild(), QWidget::setTabOrder(), QWidget::focusPolicy, and Miscellaneous Classes.
Returns the number of widgets in the focus chain.
Returns the widgets in the hierarchy that are in the focus chain.
This file is part of the Qt toolkit. Copyright © 1995-2007 Trolltech. All Rights Reserved. | http://idlebox.net/2007/apidocs/qt-x11-free-3.3.8.zip/qfocusdata.html | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | refinedweb | 255 | 59.9 |
Configuration
To use SQLite in your Xamarin.Android application you will need to determine the correct file location for your database file.
Database File Path
Regardless of which data access method you use, you must create a database file before data can be stored with SQLite. Depending on what platform you are targeting the file location will be different. For Android you can use Environment class to construct a valid path, as shown in the following code snippet:
string dbPath = Path.Combine ( Environment.GetFolderPath (Environment.SpecialFolder.Personal), "database.db3"); // dbPath contains a valid file path for the database file to be stored
There are other things to take into consideration when deciding where to store the database file. For example, on Android you can choose whether to use internal or external storage.
If you wish to use a different location on each platform in your cross platform application you can use a compiler directive as shown to generate a different path for each platform:
var sqliteFilename = "MyDatabase.db3"; instead #endif var path = Path.Combine (libraryPath, sqliteFilename);
For hints on using the file system in Android, refer to the Browse Files recipe. See the Building Cross Platform Applications document for more information on using compiler directives to write code specific to each platform.
Threading
You should not use the same SQLite database connection across multiple threads. Be careful to open, use and then close any connections you create on the same thread.
To ensure that your code is not attempting to access the SQLite database from multiple threads at the same time, manually take a lock whenever you are going to access the database, like this:
object locker = new object(); // class level private field // rest of class code lock (locker){ // Do your query or insert here }
All database access (reads, writes, updates, etc.) should be wrapped with the same lock. Care must be taken to avoid a deadlock situation by ensuring that the work inside the lock clause is kept simple and does not call out to other methods that may also take a lock! | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/xamarin/android/data-cloud/data-access/configuration | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | refinedweb | 344 | 58.62 |
The Test Runner options page contains the main options for Unit Test Runner.
The options page includes the following options.
Enable Unit Tests Service
Specifies the availability of CodeRush Classic unit test services. If the option is disabled, you can only execute unit tests via the Unit Test Runner.
Send test results to Output window
Specifies whether test execution results are shown in the Output window or not.
Process every step from test steps while forming statistics
This options affects only MBunit v3.2 dynamically generated tests. It specifies whether row test results are shown as a single test result (option disabled) or multiple test results(option enabled).
Summarize test run results on Visual Studio status bar
If this option is enabled, Test Runner shows the test execution summary in the Visual Studio status bar.
Clear all test results when running an individual test
Specifies whether the results of all previously executed tests are cleared or remained as is when starting an individual test.
Show test run icons in the editor
Specifies whether test run icons are hidden or shown to the left of a test, test fixture and namespace in the code editor.
Highlight the error line for a failed test
If the option is enabled, Test Runner highlights the code line that caused a test failure. The Background color and Opacity options enable you to adjust the error line highlighting appearance.
Execute in x64 mode if active configuration is AnyCPU
If the option is checked, Unit Test Runner executes tests in the x64 mode if the current CPU configuration is set to AnyCPU. This option is enabled only if the current operating system is x64. If at least one project CPU configuration is set to x86, the option is ignored.
Do not build required projects before testing
Check this option to avoid the building of a project each time you perform unit tests.
Max assemblies to test in parallel
Maximum number of threads used to execute tests.
Path to frameworks
The Path to frameworks table lists all supported testing frameworks and enables you to manually specify a path to each framework library.
This product is designed for outdated versions of Visual Studio. Although Visual Studio 2015 is supported, consider using the CodeRush extension with Visual Studio 2015 or higher. | https://docs.devexpress.com/CodeRush/10894/coderush-options/unit-testing/test-runner | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | refinedweb | 381 | 53.21 |
Hey everyone i am making a DASH Realtime candlestick chart, and i have stumpled on an problem i hope you can help me with.
The problem is that when i run the project, it loads the candlestick chart fine and the indicators. But as soon as it updates by the interval it, then disapears, and it will do that on every update if i try to wing it back from the legends tab. Also the chart works fine, and updates fine if its alone, and without the indicators, but when they are added into the chart it removes the candlestick charts visability after 1 update.
The data is being pulled from a Websocket stream and converted into SQL, then into pandas dataframe.
This is an image of what happens:
This is the code:
import dash from dash.dependencies import Output, Input from dash import dcc from dash import html import pandas as pd import plotly.graph_objs as go import flask import waitress from waitress import serve server = flask.Flask(__name__) # define flask app.server app = dash.Dash(__name__, server=server) # call flask server app.layout = html.Div( html.Div([ dcc.Graph(id='live-update-graph-scatter', animate=True), dcc.Interval( id='interval-component', disabled=False, interval=1*5000, n_intervals=0 ) ]) ) @app.callback(Output('live-update-graph-scatter', 'figure'), [Input('interval-component', 'n_intervals')]) def update_graph_scatter(n): rec = pd.read_sql_table('crypto', engine) rec1 = pd.DataFrame(rec) print(rec1) rec1.columns = ['date', 'open', 'high', 'low', 'close', 'volume', 'EMA', 'EMA2'] rec1['date'] = pd.to_datetime(rec1['date']) rec1.set_index('date', inplace=True) ###SUBPLOT AND Candlestick CHART fig = make_subplots(rows=4, cols=1) fig.add_trace(go.Candlestick( x=rec1.index, open=rec1['open'], high=rec1['high'], low=rec1['low'], close=rec1['close']), row=1, col=1, ) ###### ADD INDICATOR TRACES: fig.add_trace( go.Scatter( x=rec1.index, y=rec1['EMA'], marker=dict(color='blue') ), row=1, col=1 ) fig.add_trace( go.Scatter( x=rec1.index, y=rec1['EMA2'], marker=dict(color='red') ), row=1, col=1 ) return fig if __name__ == '__main__': serve(app.server, host="localhost", port=5005)
Do you have any suggestions as to what i can do i would be happy to hear that.
Best regards.
Mathias | https://community.plotly.com/t/real-time-candlestick-chart-disappearing-on-live-update-after-adding-indicators-to-my-chart-dashapp/59093 | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | refinedweb | 362 | 50.53 |
6 Related Items Related Items: South Florida sentinel Preceded by: Morning sentinel Succeeded by: Orlando sentinel (Orlando, Fla. : 1953) Full Text -- ---' ,,.. 'OJ- -- ,- <-- -r< -- ... ,_ ...., -;; --'- ---:: !:. '_' o.- i _,. "':1fi- ... >", """, . \ . :, HALF A MILLION 'EO'UIiY.with.h IN YOUR SENTINEL. TODAY .. 75 Mih radua of Orlo.do. tker . . rlanbo! I jWornmg Sentinel'TV I I Kadi* Fag* 4 Soetety P1-9-10 FfenaVi a. kiefc bmtock cr* tt*protfuctioi.24 p r c 56* t pet* < State =:=:, fag* 5 Financial Fag* 13 M at of to faiMa."t9.tobla crop. 92if Sports __Fagi 6 Comics Fagi 14VOL. e<.t cf its cttnu. ; a Privilege to Live in Central Florida-The TInrU'fnrf. Beautiful Place for Abundant Living _ : 30384 .. .. ORLANDO. FLORIDA. THURSDAY. FEBRUARY 6. 1947 EIGHTEEN PAGES XX1TI-NO. - ! ''Frost Forecast The Uninvited Guest I Housewives$ To Hasty Disarmament For All Areas Receive Larger I ,;r'4 . 4 / : Truman Opposed by In FloridaState $ Sugar RationSingle , Bundles Up! Stamp Will ----------------------------------------------. , Be Used April 1 I President Cites For Severe Cold : ORLANDO MAN OUTLINES PROGRAM : Associated; Tress] WASHINGTON [AP] The , The [IBv ears Florida yesterday was bundled against to what the j/A$, 4.p Office announced of Temporary yesterday Controls it will Citrus Commission Will 11 Security Plan promised to be the severest I' make 10 pounds of the 1947 Study Dr. Phillips' Plan ; i ration available for I cold wave in years.A sugar . householders on April 1 using a I II For F NationsGOP low temperature t>f 17 single stamp.At For Merchandising Citrus ; ; degrees was expected at Glen St. I the same time, the price administration I Mary around in 7:30: the o'clock Northern this morning.section' / ,6. / //; \ branch of OTC said [Speciol to Orlando Morning Sentinel] Ranks Split 'sugar stamp number 53. currently LAKELAND full-scale study of a plan for Frost was forecast for all districts.In Over Tax IssuesWASHINGTON valid for five pounds of sugar ' the Everglades the rich dising Florida citrus fruits direct to the merchan-I I will expire at midnight. March 31. truck-growins section that has become one month earlier than originally the housewife the complete story about this [AP) Pres. famed as the nation's Winter 94.3coP. 7 4 announced.OPA oranges, grapefruit and tangerines, offered by Dr. P. Phil- i Truman told Congress vegetable basket sub-freezing 0 / said there will be no special lips of Orlando, was ordered by the Florida Citrus Com- yesterday that hasty disarmament - readings were awaited. I allotment for home canning -0'mission here yesterday.The would be dangerous. Smudge pots and bonfires dotted this year. I commission instructed its 1: He said the nations of the thousands of Florida orange I An official of the agency told ,: Jewish Reject advertising committee to go into world "can safely lay aside their reporters that. the revision of groves Ian night as growers the plan offered by Dr. Phillips, arms only insofar as their security tried to offset effects of the coupon validity dates will tlelp the State's. largest individual grower is protected by other means." Icy air. prv 1 \ OPA carry out provisions of any shipper and packer-and invited This assertion, made in a reporton ration increase which may be British OrderJERUSALEM It normally takes about eight the originator of the idea the United States role in the ordered for consumers during the hours of 26-degree cold to inflict : ; to have his own attorneys draw upa I United Nations emphasized the , serious damage to citrus fruit agricultural p 7 ,, ( fr,), \year.Secy.. Anderson has announced [AP] The bill to implement the plan and :! development of a broad American policy on disarmament. observers emphasized. t that sugar imports may be sufficient Jewish National Council rejected to increase orange advertisingtaxes Lush Winter erops of beans to allow an extra 10 last night a British by two cents a box, making In contrast to Russian demandsfor cabbage. celery tomatoes. escarole. pounds for household use this a total of four cents instead of the a direct and specific attack on ultimatum giving official the disarmament problem by itself - potatoes and other vegetables now year. The total allotment for current two cent levy. until Tuesday to join the emerging American viewis thriving in the Everglades would this use last year was 15 poundsfor Jewry The Orlando man declared that I that the problem can only be in out Holy Land terrorism - be definitely menaced. the mercury regular use and 10 poundsfor stamping the only long-range hope for the fails as low as anticipated home canning: for each per- and Irgun Zval Leumi underground I' citrus industry of Florida lies in the solved as other United Nations ______ asserted it would measures are taken to preserve Bureau at L groUP. education of the. the State Marketing ] _ _ _ _ son.OPA 'I "fight to the last breath" against I peace and prevent aggression."In . Jacksonville said. L said it "seems fairly cer- consumer and he i. i. British authority. i iI the last analysis," Mr. \ .> The Federal-State frost warning tain1 there will be more sugar urged the. Indus-} In a formal resolution the Truman wrote in his report Lakeland advisory for this year, but gave uncertaintyover 1 tryto"dropourcourtship I service at Pasco Withdraws I 1 Mr. R. Bennett j National Council Vaad Leumi "control and redaction of armaments - peninsular Florida follows: Growers WatchTemperatures the size of the. increase as of the] told its 14-member executive to I can be effective only so "Mostly clear .skies and colder Suit Contesting the jeason for failure to fix the trade and direct draft a full answer "in accord with far as genuine collective security - with frost in all districts. Gentle Tax expiration date of the new ration I the sentiments" of speeches at last our selling ap-] and peaceful political atmosphere northerly winds 11"II"r. becoming Advertising Succumbs HereMr. coupon to. be validated April 1. 1! night's council session which peal to the con- are firmly established." LAKELAND [API The Pasco : After that. date all coupons " light with Intervals of i summer only. Packing Co. yesterday dropped its validated will be good for 10 unanimously expressed opposition I I At the same time, the President - calm by Thursday morning. suit contesting the validity of the j |to the ultimatum. Members of the Here is the] said the achievement of last- With Florida's multimillion I Robert M. Bennett, 87, pounds of sugar each. Temperatures on high ground advertising tax on bulk citrus I Jewish agency and mayors of plan of action j lag peace "will depend in large OPA said It is to Chief Maxie necessary I locations will be about six degrees dollar citrus and vege-i fruit.The father of Fire I I terminate stamp 53 a month early Jewish towns attended the council 'offered by Dr. .> : 1 I' part upon the ability of the United wanner than temperatures on low table crops imperiled by the I company' sent Florida a check Citrus for Bennett died yesterday at in order to avoid the serious. meeting. I Phillips: .' Nations" to put over world economic - ground locations. Lowest temper- shock of falling temper Commission$53,965 to'the and said it would the Orange Memorial Hos- trade problem of handling both The Brithh. in their ultimatum A greatly exPhillips recovery and co-operation.: atures this morning the coldest atures last night in Winter's not appeal a recent decision by I, pital after a protracted ill- I 5 and 10 pounds stamps at the to the Jewish agency and panded advertising program aim- I' He urged "bi-partisan policies of low ground locations occurring coldest blast. growers and government -] Circuit Judge John U. Bird I same time." National Council spokesmen for ed at informing the consumer in economic co-operation with the about 7:30 am. officials were anxiously which upheld the validity of the ness.Mr.. :Bennett was well known' The agency also announced 600,000 Palestine Jewish,'warned a frank and forthright manner rest of the world in such mattersas GAINESVILLE DISTRICT watching the thermometer this tax.The- Dad --city packing firm I' throughout the' Orlando area as I changes in wholesale and retail that they face possible imposition that we have three seasonal typesof economic reconstruction and Glen St. Mary 17. Lacrosse 18. morning to measure the full extentof contended recently that the tax a former building contractor and, allowable sugar inventories to of martial law unless oranges which vary in flavor I development and the expansion of Gainesville 19. the damage. if any. on tangerines. bought in bulk for later as a member of the City Engineering permit dealers to provide for the they eo-operate against underground but are equally rich In health- world trade and employment." L Citra, Starke. 21. Williston 22. Where Central Florida growers before canning Judge was illegal.Bird In the arguments company I Dept.. where he served increased; demands after April 1. groups which have resorted giving qualities. I 1 His declarations on this point F Weirsdale.! Ocala 24. were prepared with stocks of wood contended that all taxes on bulk for 32 years during his time lay- OPA pointed out that It discontinued to violence against the Informing the consumer that i possibly reflected concern over UPPER EAST COAST DISTRICT and adequate labor firing was fruit purchases used in processing ing out many or Orlando's main distribution of war British.Irgun's. color-adding is a harmless 'but I some Republican criticism of the Hastings Crescent City, Person. done in still areas in the battle to were illegal. I'l'thoroughfares. ration book No. 4 .November latest expression of defiance necessary process; that rich benefits State Department's reciprocal DeLand 21.Buniell minimize frost damage, but where mission.In a letter E. C.to Edwards the Citrus Jr..Com said Old-timers in Orlando best remember 1945. Those books remain good which appealed to "the II would result from an increased -I' trade treaty. program. This prOgram - 23. Mims 25. there was wind fewer attemptswere he felt the. company of which he .: him. however' as the for sugar as do special sugar peoples of the world to come to consumption of citrus fruits is aimed at promoting inter- made at heating. I. driver of the team that pulled fire contained In note national trade through reducing New Smyrna 28.ORLANDO grove is president had been "unjustly ration books issued to returned our help. was a : and that oranges should be avail treated by your advertising de- aparatus in the days of the old handed to : tariffs. i DISTRICT With 56 million boxes of I service men and women after newspaper correspon- able everywhere the & partment. Yet this ca.nnot as cheaply as tJ;!'' Howey. Fruitland Park. 21. oranges grapefruit and tangerines I regardless of company its thOUghts volunteer fire department. He that date and as replacements dents by the underground group. commonest everyday foods. I Casselberry :Fern Park. Forest unpicked on the tree.. ;' personal persecution litigate further slept at the fire station most for war ration, books which The note, said to be a script'of Financing the program by dou- [NEW YORK (UP! Six key growers checking fruit In with the chances: of destroy. nights to be on duty when needed. have been lost or stolen.% a secret broadcast in English i members of the United Nations- City Oviedo Conway Umatnia.23.Plymouth groves for freezing. They were ing so important a body. 1 1I 1i His death leaves William Smith.I As only four stamps will remainin French, Russian, and Italian bling the advertising tax on or- Security Council tentatively Dr. Phillips. keeping their eyes on the wind i former police chIef. as the. only the sugar ration books after charged that "Britain at last anges. ', agreed last night to have the 25. and skies today to tell the foil Three Women KilledAs living member of the old volunteer I stamp 53 is used OPA said the. throws away its mask and becomes I Increasing the emphasis' on selling council begin immediate and simultaneous - '.' Sanford. KJsslmmee 26. story of the effect of the cold on I Train Hits Taxi department. "four remaining stamps at the an occupying power. We are faced citrus by the pound instead of I' study of general disarmament Winter Garden 27.BROOKSVILLE the dozen. Transfer of the I and by and atomic control. trees.If GRIFFIN. Ga. [UP] Tht Cen- lie had been the only livingcharter rate of five pounds each are not with capitulation or war, we DISTRICT temperatures rise quickly after tral of Georgia's Dixie Flyer.crash- member of the Orlando adequate to provide consumers I'will not capitulate. We cannot commission's field men from The delegates, meeting behind Pasadena 21. last night's chill citrus and truck ed into a taxicab at the. First St. Lodge of the KP Knights is expected of Pythias to assume -, i with their proper ration." Therefore believe the masses of Jewish peoplein "dealer service"to"consumer serv I closed: doors to draft disarmament Bushnell. Webster 22. will be hurt considerably more clossing: in Griffin yesterday killing and the a portion of the honors to : the agency said the. value Palestine will become quislings ice." Expansion of educational efforts -II procedure, accepted the first two Brooksville 23. than with gradually rising weather. three women occupants qf the. be paid Mr. Bennett at the funeral of the .stamps is being doubled to I against us. Irgun will fight to the : among schools factories and points in a French resolution. Numerous cab and critically injuring their Denham 28.Lakeland Meterologist Warren O. JohnSon driver. services. t avoid the printing and distribu- last breath." industrial organizations.An I other details remained to Plant City.Valrico 24. Mr. Bennett. all-out effort to capture an be settled as the delegates worked of the Federal-State Frost Dead an employes of the Griffin Up to his death tion of new ration books. I WEST COAST DISTRICT warning bureau explained. Knitting Mills to. which they had been the oldest member of Inventory Regulations increasing share of the. beverage an day and into the night, but the Elfers 22.Sarasota However. removal of several I were en route to work were listed the. First Baptist Church.i Talmadge Asks i Junked on Merchants market. Grants for scientific research I atmosphere was generally concili Mrs. Irene 46 Mrs. Tom as Folds. ; million boxes of fruit from the , 23. marked by effects of the cold I Wright. 57. and Mrs. Annie Mor- i is survived by his widow, two Approval of' Bill WASHINGTON IUPJ The Office in the dietetic and nutri- atory.] Tampa. Talevast. Parrish 25. might result in a better price for row. 61. Leon Jackson was the I sons. Chief Bennett and HaroldB. of Temporary Controls last tional fields and heavier penalties I, Other developments in Congress - Ellenton. Frultville 27. that which does survive shippers injured driver. Bennett associated with the ATLANTA [AP] Gov.-claimant : night virtually junked its inven- I Continued on Page 5-Col. 3J] Herman to the Pinellas Park. Clparwater 28. asserted. I McKesson Robbins Drug Co. here. Talmadge appealed tory restrictions on most wholesale i House Republican leaden fire Ions 32. Johnson probably said would the cold affect weather all- Safe Passage For one daughter.Mrs. J.Dwight Peck Senate's Special Judiciary Committee and retail merchants.An i New Plane UnveiledEL I I a "no retreat" reply to bi-partl-) yesterday to give its approval - Americans Promised and two grandchildren Charles T san attacks on their tax-budget RIDGE DISTRICT vegetables except the hardier estimated 60,000 stores are Calif. RIP] A I to his "white primary" bill : SEGUNDO Peck. Prine 22. Winter Haven. Polk ones like cabbage. Greatest fears PEIPING API The Chinese Bennett and Montrey 4 affected. They sell such consumer: program and announced plansto which will the Democratic : plane designed to explore speeds permit ..: for tender held at will be were expressed crops. Communists Funeral services Feb. IS promised yesterday to begin hearings on I i goods clothing furniture bedding 23.Lake I as - City . at to from beyond the subsonic range, between - Citrus on Higher ground was give Americans evacuating Peiping I the Carey Hand Funeral Home Party prevent Negroes I personal income tax reduction Hamilton 25. conceded generally to have with- truce headquarters safe passageto 11 p.m. Friday. with Dr. J. Powell voting in primaries. I housewares. soaps. sheets ; 500 and 550 miles an hour, I Mammaoth. Highland Park, stood the cold invasion better than Tang-Ku port.Simultaneously. I!Tucker officiating. Burial will be James S. Peters of Manchester. I I and pillowcases. Formerly they j has been completed by DouglasAircraft I [Continued on Face 2, CoL 61Tonight's to maintain the ; that in lower areas. they strengthened in Greenwood Cemetery. were required Co. The stubby plane. Continued on PAge X. CoL 2] Of young citrus trees the. weather their attack towara Fenyangin i! State Democratic Committee I I same ratio between sales and inventories 'known as the Navy's D-558 and man said tender growth wouldbe Shansi Province. but themselves chairman. and Agriculture Com. I! as in a base period priorto called the "Skystreak" was Unveiled i Movies Get Tom Under also for Will argued where banked. Counties pass- the war. Detailed records also yesterday. BEACHAM' "The Boor Edce" tO 34, damaged even faced The WeatherORLANDO the probable loss within a of the. bill. 1 House-approved . age I I 14. J S4. 0 34. 14ROXT required. : were However. he said new growths few days of their big Southern $20,000 From Taxes I I : .Tbt R zor'. Eo e." 1:14. 3 M. AND VICINITY: would occur after the damaged Shantung Province base. Lini. : Bomb Plot Revealed I'34. 014.COLOIIT. . Fair. slowly rising temperatures parts have goon clipped.Meanwhile TALLAHASSEE [AP] Compt. Swindler Sentenced Denmark Asks Damages FRANKFURT. Germany tAP) : : "TbreoU1Ue. Girl IB Blu,." announced 7-10. tao yes- 2.30 5-01. today and tomorrow. from Winter Haven. Actor Becomes Father Clarence M. Gay Florida's 67 NEW YORK [API Antonio Na- LONDON API) Denmark claim- Extra guards were posted around :I CAMEO .For Whom tb. Bett Toll sending came a report T>y John SnivelyJr. terday tc was 2 20. $ 2*. 8 35. varro Fernandez. 52.year-old. international t ed yesterday that she suffered American Army installations in I ' TODAY'S TIDES I HOLLYWOOD API Actor Alan each their sec :' I 30. counties $20.000 as cease The Tbrffi of Br iU member of the Florida Citrus . 54p4..a Kocl> T ds. Huh 1.21 tm. a : Ladd's wife. Sue Carol formerly installment of the. State-col- swindler was sentenced $2.300,000.000 worth of war damages Bremen Tuesday night after officers I. 3.30 ,.:to. 73O. 9 30 . sod 1:SO 5.M.. Law '11 s-rn. sod 2.40TMooi Commission. that Tuesday night'sstrong ond to three years in prison yesterday -1 I| at the. hands of the Nazis, received a mysterious reportof BABAT GRAND. 'The Big Bounza' .... I an actress. gave birth to a boy lected track taxes. ' race 7 c- __It Hik i.31 .... and I wind undoubtedly would I I yesterday. He weighed 8 pounds I The first contribution of $10,000 in Federal Court for a hoax and asked the. Deputy Foreign an underground bomb plot., Itwas C 10 40.IS. 9 00. Strtnce CoofcMlM. JO J:M p..JII.; Low '.21 ..n. and I.50 p.m. [Continued Page 2. CoL C] and 11 ounces.go last month. based on claims of having $340 Ministers Conference to see to it officially disclosed last night.A .: LTOI Wilk la tbe ......" 234IIS '. on out 1 sent .... .. was . .t. Saint Ttoou Hlcb.&. S:" C. -- million in prohibition era liquor I"that she was repaid in surplus search failed to disclose any explosives :-, : 10.00; "TIM Bias DaltUa' 100. 4 3* ... ; ; and 1A4 Low tit ad 345 county is guaranteea 133- ... 0.01. Each 1 smuggling profits in safe deposit German at 1.22. .... _..... ... t. from track re goods. or attempts sabotage. ..nn. .. f n.w." a.an.. 4.is.!. race - 000 w. "" -- --" -- - .wi MMOM MM 1-Ot= : otU0. CRACKER JIM SEZAmi I a year not enoughto i i boxes in Various parts of the Unit- I 7-0). 40DR1VEIM taxes ceipts. If the are 1 ed States. : "Hotrt. Rwwn " LOCAL TEMPERATURES provide that amount. the bal- ;I COLONEL PLACED UNDER ARREST CLERMONT: -Tb Dark Corner a>eor4od by U'". Weather BitntmMuictMl a' taken from the general DELAHD.OW. DsrtlM Oawatin! ** is Airport: Coin1 To Be No More Cold \ ance Missing Plane DRLKArb': : Strauss LOT < Minksrustia __ Last racing Sought . *uu ... _h_.-. 441| 1p.m. ...._......4O produced enough to give each RICHMOND, Va. (UP) The 'Diamonds : !!: 'Tar: Carrt '. Gke ... .. Valued " at $210,000 I. h. U I I. 4i3a.m. GROVELAWD: "The KM from BrooklTB _nun 3' 3pm. -.......43 county $98,000. Navy and Coast Guard mustered HAtKES CTTT: '"Th spiral 8 .irca.t " 4a. ____On 3" 4 .... 4.4I. After This Snap Moon Tells// JimMy ; modern rescue! equipment last I KIS5IMMEZ. : "5weeUl>*It ot Bums .... ____..3$ I p... ______ 4.3 i I night and prepared to search at Chi" I. .. ____ 34 S .... 42 School Teacher Killed Seized From Returning OfficerSAN Lags WALES "I Ring Doorbell. .. 32 .... 39 I Pa always said could'nt nobody but the birds an i MADILL. Okla. [AP] Mrs. Jessie dawn for what was believed to be ""Contemned. Devil bland.LEISBURO ." S a... 11 I n... ,. I the wreckage of a missing Navy I : "Strans* W......." FATST : . I .... .... animals tell about the weather down here an that a Laird. 40-year-old teacher at 32 C 37lea. person I transport plane. sighted 10 miles FRANCISCO [tUPI] Col. Edward J. Murray, on ... Sisters from Boaton.. .- __ 34.. I 10..... 3a be Elementary School. { rrrnb Ker't"Sinatac had to thah The onusual keen the Camrose MOUNT DORA: more watchin them ... _......___ .. Southwest of the Richmond leave 11. : 3. I 11 3S :: classroom Army from the Army of occupation in Japan, was placed on the Trail" 12.. -__.______ n..112.. __ 3t I animals to tell what was a goin to happen. He did say tho ;1 was shot yesterday to. death as in horror-struck her Air Base.Soldier under technical arrest yesterday on Gen. ,Douglas Mac-, SANFORDJanic Get R Marred. *- BT CLOUD -WiUKmt TEMPERATURES CLSEWHCRCautmi that iffen it did'nt git cold much all Winter that it was I I'I I I first grade pupils looked on. SherI Arthur's order following seizure by U. S. customs agentsof I WINTER GARDENRendez.; 'Qua witS Mich LM StMiM .h LMAlpcu , SS I LMixrtn 34AthcYtlU 4 bound to chill off on the full I Joe Everett said Mrs. Laird'sFestranged I Questioned I more than $210,000 in diamonds he brought back from Annie-WINTER HAVEN: "Blue ..' '. U" i ....Plaia 40 ISAt1a.ta moon in February an that wouldbe for deep water an the way f husband. Ellis Laird. 60. I FORT DIX. N. J. API] A soldier I LAKELAND O L K ..Snnz Af. the. M IS I M.rMU. 44 23 'I time of the Japan. South! PALACE Make Mix* 34. ' the coldest season. shot her and then turned the gun is being ,questioned at Fort : Atl'Ue CHr 14 1 I I .. _" Mtaml M 44Biratnttatm Jim Weatherbee's mule humps its Murray who commanded troops I Y < Ia Land ; LAKE Ot HanaaBowtate. 37 IIa.Pa'I aa Hits a sartinty that when this upon himself. inflicting a fatal : Dix in connection with the slaying !''of the 40th Division that lived in Sacramento. Calif. .." ''Spovk B> Boston >4 :21 I Mobil* 44battalo cold snap is over we aint a goin back when cold weather is a corn-: i!wound. I I in Los: Angeles of attractive. Customs Collector Paul Leake -- -- -- - headed the American drive 10 2 "oau.r7 40 :20Cr11nsto4 spear-I 23 I Nan I.aas 44 30Chattanosa i i to have no colder in. but some folks Just don't rightly I I I brunette Ehzabeth Short. 22. Lingayen Gulf to Manila announced that 10.000 worth of '' 33 ,; New York 17 S weather till Pilot Dies in CrahHARRINGTON. I widely-known, as the "Black I' diamonds were found in Murrsyswatch il947JEcgn947 Cb1eaa. 11I Norfolk 12 14 put much store by that. They dried placed in confinement "in I'I' Dahlia. the announced . cincinnati U 4 till..1pbi&! 15 5cie.1an4 next Winter an had rather listen to them fancy DeL IAP1 A : Army quarters- his home at Palo Alto. pocket when he debarked J- MM 7uWW Boa fH Jmt 11 I PbMatz 11aD&llu iffen wind last night. from the transport Westminister that ' twin-engine plane crashed into a 30 miles south of San Francisco. Denver 61 at 23 2t PerU PtU..b.... .... 3'f i2 20Dtrott keeps a blowin Radio weather fellows what figures I wooded area near here yesterday The order was radioed by Mac- Victory at Oakland Army Base last ', 678'91O1IE1131415 ... 11 I Richmond 21 10 good an steady the wether from marks on killing the pilot and injuring the II Bonita Granville Weds Arthur after U.S.customs officials Monday. I I Sort m. Worth Q3S M H San St.Laaia AD\OIIJo 32 M U I like it aint a goin paper an dont know how to read co-pilot. The dead man. Albert HOLLYWOOD IAP1] Actress informed Allied headquarters that A cache of more than 500 gems 0lT,*toB 4* 3S i 8. rra...-... 52: 43Jacksonville to do too much them moon signs. George Buhl. 31. Cortland. N. Y.. Bonita Granville and her film Murray's cache: of undeclared diamonds worth more than $200,000 was uncovered !I :;: K..... CU7 :3O 3$ 2 14* ;I SOTUU Seoul 37 91 23 40: freeze damage. Iffen there aint no freeze damage the co-pilot. Truman Cone 11 31. producer. Jack Wrather became ;' was uncovered two days in a safe deposit box I:; 16 17 182O21L X.* Wart o2 CO I Ttmpo o4 -_ Course you can .' come Friday there Just aint West Palm Beach, Fla.. was taken man and wife yesterday in a hotel ago. after he relinquished a key to cus-t:: KBOITUI Rork 21 47 U.11 Virttbarc Wasbtat.. 45"Lattw IT 1 always tell by the goin to be any cause its a coin to nearby Milford Memorial Hos ceremony at which Judge Em- I A former California Slate highI toms inspectors during question I I 23 24 25 26 27 28 Lot AMtlu *0 44 Wilmwttea 30 11 way them perch an shell crackers to start .warmin up then. pital. 1 met H. Wilson officiated. way engineer Murray at one time lag Leake said. J \ ...:.., ->L_ -'- u .. '- - #". "'flJ;. L_: !!.__j ..L- ;If[ ....- 4 cJ ... ,- J.. ,.. .o----- .. ..,.,..... """"" OV,....... F -- --..,- .. : Page 2 Truman Cites : f stoppage in the Hudson Motor #...................... t from Canada yesterday as some ; Trucks Produced Car Co. plants and a combinationof ', ,, Frost Forecast Eastern and Southeastern sections Growers WatchTemperatures parts delivery delays and worker PHONE 2-4474 . I Ii I shivered in the most frigid weather During JanuaryDETROIT I absenteeism due to a severe storm i , .. Security PlanContinued . of the season. iDL last week held the January total i The Midwest, still snow-crusted $ t API The car indus- ; 1 : : i For Florida and wind-swept from recent storm I try finished last month with al\\ down.Enhancing the industry's more [ from 1 i i iI was promised only a 24-hour<< respite Pare ] total output of something like encouraging long-range outlook : !:J : I before a new cold wave is > plans. Although the leaden 345,000 cars and trucks and if it are (growing indications that there -: mfCaLl GROVES : [Continued from Page 1] borne in on strong winds. [Continued from Page II said little about their discussion can obtain just a little more cold will be few, if any, major work sub-zero temperatures were recorded it was understood that concern stoppages this year; and althoughthe i IS N. Orange Blossom Trail i iE Highland City 24. across half the nation, result in a sizeable droppage of was felt over the widening splitin rolled steel it may equal that fig- automotive plants may at no Frostproof 25. Pennsylvania reported its most severe l citrus from trees. x ,, GOP ranks In both the House ure in February. | time this year get all the steel they t Orlando Florida Avon Park. DeSoto City 26. cold wave of the Winter and I Growers were attempting yes- and Senate over taxes and A week's shutdown by most of : want the overall supply) situation t r BAKTOW DISTRICT Northern Florida braced.: for temperatures : terday afternoon to rescue as *! means of trimming the Federal the General Motors divisions a.t'' appears to be improving.Wilson's . _ A most complete stock oft expected: to fan as low 'much: fruit as possible by picking budget Bartow 24.<< i I the very finest food special- I Ft. Meade 25. as 17 degrees by Thursday morn- .i"what they could before last night's President Truman asked Con-I' F { ties. ; Wauchula, Arcadia 26. ing. drop in temperatures. gress to change the Presidential . . .. .. . . . Greatest alarm was felt for Succession law to designate the j : 1 t I INDIAN' RIVER DISTRICT The cold struck a severe blow many groves that are in late speaker of the House as first In t :New shipping luscious Temple Cocoa 27.Malabar at industry in five States, nearly bloom. A sustained cold spell line when there 1 Js no vice president et . , Oranges remember your : Vero Beach 28. 54,000 persons were forced would damage these trees for the GOP leaders promised quick eA47u v ; l* friends back home with a box: I Ft. Pierce 30, Stuart 31. into idleness! when a ban was next three to five years, citrus congressional consid@ration.i' : : or baak &. Come In and see itt : "Forecast ,for today: Fair and ordered on the industrial use of men said.Increased : a Demands for changing New puked not quite so cold. natural gas to conserve the fuel possibility of damageto .a Deal labor laws flooded CapitolHill. -, "Future temperature outlook: for home use. fruit was caused by the fact Charles E. Wilson presidentof B y o3 'I Oranges for juice la 22-lb. and : Slightly higher temperatures. Friday The Industrial shutdowns were that yesterday's falling temperatures General Motors told the Sen- 4S-Ib. bags. morning but some indications ordered in Pennsylvania, Ohio, already had used up any reserve tbJ" .....' I ate Labor Committee he would Food Consultant to wane&Co. :, i, of scattered frost in North and West Virginia Indiana and Ken- warmth in the citrus, mak- 'A '''1 quit business before he would signa . .. .. . . . . .. ... . ing it more susceptible to cold. closed-shop contract. Central districts. No frost dan- Choicest Wisconsin and NewJ Saturday morning. tucky. In the Pittsburgh area Early bloom prevalent in the DOOMED TO HANG: [above], Chm. Thomas R.-NJ.] prom- ,, Braising Tenderizes Less Tender Cats J York State cheese. ger : alone approximately 25,000 were ised "sensational ridge section was conceded a 33-year-old Jewish underground developments"for ,_ Maybe it's fortunate that all l cuts of beef are not I idle. casualty to the frost. However this member, Is under sentence to be Thursday's first hearing by r : A wide assortment of frozen : [By The Associated Press Bemidji. Minn., recorded a low may come out again in a later hanged In Palestine on convictionof the House un-American Activi- as tender as a prime rib roast or a porterhouse The third cold in f I fruit vegetables and seafoods wave seven of 30 below zero yesterday morn- ties Committee on Communistic steak. Otherwise we would probably never know bloom. if the to the in damage trees complicity an underground _.__._ _._ _._.. days raced. toward the Midwest : b 1.-- --- --- 1 ing before temperature. began was not too great, growers de- 'attack on a police station. His operations in the United States. what a delicious flavor is developed by braising the moderating. Forecasters said the clared. sister, Mrs. Helen Friedman of David E. Lilienthal chairman- less tender cuts. i< IN BOTTLES AND AT FOUNTAINS new cold wave would reach Min- Cucumber growers in the Lancaster Pa., has cabled Holy designate of the Atomic Control nesota today and be "almost as "trough" acreage: of Lake Countywere ,Land officials three times in appealing -I Commission, promised senators to I severe" as the one just dissipating. reported well prepared for for a stay of execution. bar the employment of Communists ry J i the cold which was expected to In the development and I f ?,r control of atomic Senator a tt reduce the crop in competing areas I energy. i 9 to the South which were not McKellar (D. Tenn. assailed Lilt-! LONDON'[AP A cold new wave Portal enthal's nomination again. ' equipped with the wooden troughsto Pay accompanied by northern Britain'sworst protect young plants. I Foreign Aid-Secretary of State 1- a blizzard in 50 brought I years However, extensive damage was I Marshall told Congress that top y widespread unemployment and anticipated among watermelon priority should go to aid for the ro new hardships yesterday to West- world's hungry. growers, with young plants in Case Ends ern Europe, where hundreds of tender stages.Seeing. i thousands are ill and without fuel.A Fujiyama, highest peak in Japan - coal famine paralyzed large has been an extinct volcanofor t I DETROIT AP] The Mt. Clem- sections of industry, forcing more Eye many years. Wax ? than 75,000 factory workmen into ens Pottery Co. hearing ended yesterday - idleness in Britain alone. I with an indication that the 1 Approximately 800 enterprises, I Dog Barred United States Government will CAMELLIASPlant w' NhR t ' employing 32,000 persons closed become a party to the suit, trailt! down in Berlin, and 140,000 other From School blazer for $4,800 million in portal- t Now t persons there reported they were to-portal claims."I . too ill to report for work. I LOS ANGELES [UP] Patsy am inclined to permit the II and enjoy their i Swiss Steak l .---::;---=---------______________.. PeptiCoU Company,Lung Mm City. N.Y. Ruth Fergus, 16 years old and Government to come in," Federal bloom this Season. Season 114 Ib.round steak cut K inch thick : Take hold of the plug not the I totally blind, was trying to decide Judge Frank A. Picard said in deferring i with salt and pepper: Franchised] Bottler: Pepsi Cola Bottling Co., Orlando cord, when disconnecting an elec- i I a fateful problem today-whether for 24 hours a definite decision 1 II Over 100 Varietiesto Pound in %cup flour (about) using edge of a heavy plate. trical appliance. I to _foresake her "eyes" or the Brown in l tbsp.ADVANCE: SHORTLNLNG happy companionship of her He also invited the National select from t i Top with 1 onion,sliced friends. CIO to join the case if he permits t 1 green pepper,sliced (optional) l i She had to home from all colors beau t stay the Government to do so. Add I cup cooked tomatoes F.rtiflH with Vtsola! A j WHIP UP SKIWhip school because of a board of edu- I| Judge Picard warned all parties tiful and t or Vi cup water I 1 rare types.N. . cation edict that she couldn't' t I however that testimony in Cover tightly and cook over very low heat about 1t hours or until ( DIXIEMARGARINE bring her seeing eye dog to school i the case is closed. very tender.(or bake in slow oven 300 F..about 1 H hours),adding I It with her. Her decision was diffi- L. Hasty Jr. more water in small amounts if needed. tt fOrm to render opinion . I an going ; cult because she had had "Lucky," i, I Remove meat to a warm platter top with the vegetables and make : as quickly as I can. the court 44 E. Colonial Tel 2.2162 of the drippings in the B-V .. .. V a gentle white shepherd for only a Dr. I fJiclO pan adding a* needed to add a j 9 }. month and Lucky's were the only said. "I'd give it today if I couldor I meat flavor. I ., eyes she ever had had. by the end of the week if I'm I ---------------------------------------___ r Mrs. Eloise Lee a neighborat able." \ I However Judge Picard told the trailer camp where Patsy Defeof OH Man Winter Super Supper pith newsmen later that he is not I II J g h IT'S LOVEat and her family live was chosen I hopeful that the opinion nil be BmTDoesthecoldgoright! Now that delicious Certified rJ. "Queen For A Day" on a radio ready this weekend. you today? Then warm everyone up Smoked Ham and Tender Made program. Mrs. Lee was askedto quickly by starting dinner with a Ham are plentiful again,are First Bite name the one thing she want- I i steaming cup of hot B-V bouillon.Or ing good use of every bit. including ed most and the sponsor would the Blind supplied the dog. For a serve it as soon as they come in the bone? Xc p b 9 .-s grant it. She asked for a seeing month the girl and the dog romped REX t G STORES one by one. Dissolve )i toys tsp.B-V pea soup makes excellent use J. eye dog for Patsy. I together at the foundation's in a tbsp. of hot water. Fill teacup of tine ham bone.To make it.crack the with hot water and it's ready to erne bone,add 2 cold water 1 headquarters in Pasadena, grow qts. cup split The Hazel Hurst Foundation for ing acquainted. easy and oh! so tasty I peas (soaked). H cup each of diced Yr't carrots onion, and celery ( : tsp. It was a day of triumph for celery seedy bay leaf (01.f '" I Chan Chi. Away tsp. Patsy when she appeared at An- II nIt;cover and simmer 2 hrs.Remove The Freshest drew Hamilton High School with U Follow through with a warming dinbones. ,strain press vegetables through! Lucky. The gentle dog submitted ner of Swiss steak mashed potatoes a sieve,and add to the liquid strained up creamyAVOSETJk F Sugar You Can Buy to being petted and pamperedby and gravy', buttered green beans (use off. Add 1H Up. sugar (optional), : Clear Brook Butter or CertifiedMargarine small bits of leftover lean: and more; the youngsters. But happiness salt i if needed. Thicken slightly' with for a delicious flavor , ) # collapsed when she was told about 4 tbsp.each of ham drippmpandllour. pickles celery and hot rolls.For des- the rule against dogs in class- Serves& r r serf apple cobbler with a slice of Certified rooms. Cheese will leave a pleasant Yours for flavor.: Mr. and Mrs. Her parents. memory. George Rector k ,) meysfals Fergus, asked the' Civil Rights I I Congress; to appeal in Patsy's be- -- .-'" WHIPPING f \ Want something new and different half. The case came before the 38c ., !;;:;;,. JifO- "z' to pep up meals? Then try Board of Education last night. : ; Limit 1 to Customer RY-KRISP.Here's one easy trick "The dog is a potential hazardto a i Whip Md flans R-serve k atop frwta that. sun to make a bit... other students," !said! School pastries, puddings-the same M fresh Spread RY-KRISP with Kraft Board Pres. J. Paul Elliott. whipping cream. For creamy, delicious iMnkurfer Cream Ctaese.-garnuJi Supt. of School Vierling Kersey' Avowt Whipping it 99.8% real cream. rick chopped green olive and.ewe pointed out that the school system I t It's ttanUzt cream-stenlixed to keep tsweet at oppdi rw. Men love them! I would be responsible if the \. for months mOumt aaria,. A touch The delicious whole-rye flavor of dog bit anyone. He offered to .f vegetable stabilizer assures creamy RY-KRISP makes everything provide Patsy with a private tutorat SAVe ! ON tmootfitett, too. So be prepared! yon serve tasU better. Swell with home until she finishes high. BAKING , :. Lay M a supply today.; soups, salads...makes grand school next year. sandwiches. Try hi "But I want to be with the I kids," said Patsy, her Ups quivering - l .... Sugar "Now that I have Lucky, it's ... .._. FutsrHstgrKsrs Mrvrisa' more fun being at school. _ _.. _ Her classmates circulated a f I 9rifM: jlsl Ai TOUR ran Kraft / i petition make asking an exception.the School But Boardto the II who\e\ \era r\!: ( I t :: GROCER S CkesseSsrssssl Refined in Nearby board said it had refused. ; "ke, Q I knn '\ I li faire Savannah. British Officials \ nOl.ms\\ln\ : about::: r't Deny Slaying Charge \ r !4 -I ROME [API British Army officials - II denied last night a Yugoslav ' I e charge that they were to blame anti a for the fatal beating of a Yugo- , I slav repatriation officer at a Chet- IJ ' nik camp near Naples on Jan. 25. , J The Yugoslav Government, in .. a formal note of protest, said that USING 60ROENS STARIAC I British military officials at the camp stood by while the Chetniks ,i killed consular Visko Glumchlch.representative.a Yugoslav I ( Nonfat Ory /Milk Solid ) ., More than 82 million inspections I j I of food animals were madein t oX v I 1948 by U. S. Department of Agriculture officials. i I II I: well In almost any recipe that WI i imp I e to mix with water(or ; i r3 Good News calls for milk.SUrUc cakes and muffins, you can use it dry).Just beat Jf cup ofsoups v 9svsoh s ? r, and sauces are economical, nourStarlac Into a quart of water,or sift it in lilting and mighty tempting. Grand for dry with baking ingredients. Simple to I. For Folks Who hot or cold drinks,too.A pound package tore, too. Dry Starlac keeps perfectly makes 4th to 5 quarts-about 6c a quart. on your kitchen shelf. t Suffer Fromv I : STOMACH IAS r r rr BREAD r 1 The U.S. Department el 1 i iI. V SOil FOOD TASTE X zz NS Llt 1 Ag'icultur..aya "Using V I 1 tea p fl Dry Skim Milk (Nonfat ACID INDIGESTIONDo s a"na t 1 ,died gout tfi c"p Dry Milk Solids) is a good you feel bloated and miserable after : t 2 co4 d's Sari' 4 takesabout t improving the diet way TOT m.al. tt. gtl.ap wale sour bitter food u 3 pE 1 dot s so. here U how you may ret Messed Abet 1 spoons oP oP'e'e g t at low cost." e from this nervous distress 3 der igiths url + Everytlrae food eaters the stomach a 1 pont : Cpl nt t vital gastric Juice must How' normally to typeaW rysipg v' p Coatte YssH t S0" 6 do" I, break-up certain food particles: else the I 5 Add cwt" lire ra ,nit food may ferment.Sour food, acid 1nAUj apes salt. uptl fork, in ar 1 j ftt1on and gas frequently cause a marId I yea tires 20 re a touchy, fretful, peevish, nervous 1 er, is blestd ed.54r (47SE) i' | condition loss of appetite,underweight flea t is ov ea a bout t. I restless sleep, weakness 1 ( c laG Irtsk : ,.l To get real relief you must Increase p.o. She ., t{, the tow! of this vital rsatrle Juice Medical t authorities in Independent laborsi I I rJlretZfofafSTARLAG- - i tory tests on human stomachs, have by t r : positive proof shown that SSS Tonic is !i amazingly effective: In Increasing: this t I.-i Cow' when It is too list:. or scanty due ire. - : to a non-organic stomach disturbance. This is due to the SSS Tonle ormuia which contains special and potent activating , I.r (Y. I 0\ .. Ingredient. -+ Also 658 Tonsil help build-up 11OD- OCUUtLUtJJtUueJ.Y aneemt.-smithgood flow nutritional of r this gastric digestive Juice,plus rich red- , F FS, e&dREAL!! STRAWBERRY ICE CREAM IS BACK! feel blood better you should wort eat better better play sleep better.better, ; Avoid punishing yourself with overi I (NONFAT DIY MILK SOLIDS) ' Big, red-rip berries crushed and blended with fine, golden cream. That's Scaliest Red I doses of soda and other alkaUasrs to " k[ Strawberry Ice Cream as you enjoyed it in pre-war days. i. so creamy so smooth you IjCfe CREA/W you counteract so dearly gas need and Is bloating SSS Tonic when to what help Borden's Starlac U dry skim muk-gives you aQ the) TUNE IN: GINNY SIMMS SHOW-_. - ki I you digest food for body strength and minerals, the proteins, the valuable B Vitamins of rich ; can tell it's Scaliest by the taste! repair. Dont wait Join the host of whole milk.Only the water,fat,and Vitamin A remoYed.'r. Friday Emfifl., canetw..ra..r happy people SSS Tonic baa helped. f THE MIASU1I OF QUALITY UJlio&a of bottles sold. Get a bottle at Tee IB tile gealtett Villa is (tor*; starrlag lark Haley, Taartaays, .:3t P. M., WJAX I 668 Tools from your drug store today. 663 Tome help Buud Sturdy EealUu W t.1 ;. , Z - -- -WII! .- ,- .,- --- ". ---.:--. "--_ .. '- ..,... ." y ; ':" '- ., ;- --- <.: ...,.....". -: --.-- F'5. 1 ' V 1 I *- Thursday, February 6, 1947 rlart&n flUmtteg frntlittfl Page 31 Aulo Undercoating I Harrison Grocery j Eliminates Rattles. Road Noises I I 20 YEARS SAME LOCATION : ..4.i- K WALTER DURANTY FOR SENTINEL READERS SHOW CASESWe I Bud and Corrosion ; THERE SIUST Phone BE 8631 A REASON :;.-" -" have new Columbus show ED MAYO %Zit Edle-.ater: Dr. t 4L' -.. a, Please eases in stock. 101 N. Main Tel t7l I COLLEGE PARK I I. Write I ..... .. as IMMEDIATE DELIVERYSladeBooth p Show Case Co. .; Bicycles and Accessories I .y WALTER DURANTY I her sex. though little girls eat or in Moscow and am willing to I 116 Reed St. TeL 2-0271 Electric Trains This is a piece about breakfast I hearty breakfasts so do little boys.! admit that Indian tea has more THOMAS LUMBER COMPANYHas Toys and Games for all which I think is the most impor- 'And so does pop and grandpop. body to it than China tea. and ages for conveniencePRESTOLOGS tant meal of the day and the one but mom and big sister have to gives you more for your money your f I enjoy the most. If you start off think of their figures and seem to Just as English ale used to give 1 the day with a good breakfastyou believe that a glass of orange juice you more for your money than OLD SUG"jp CLOSED are armed so to speak againstthe and a cup of black coffee, and a American beer. f 214 N. 6668Jfaley's ALL DAY slings and arrows of fortune. slice or two or Melba toast deserve CI" GoI I "The Magic Fuel for Fireplaces"CLEANCONVENIENTECONOMICAL WEDNESDAYi and prepared for gainful toil. A the name of breakfast whichis But now-alas for England N HELP t}> Tel. nice thing about breakfast is you why many women are nervous : they eat if they're lucky, a con- .r- -.c-I.QIj-f lntf? Store don't have to worry much choosing i and over-wrought and, probably coction of powdered eggs and J= EASE QhUGHING Compressed Sawdust Chemically Treated if one came to analyze it, why maybe a slice of Spam and a T1GHraEST It. Bacon and eggs, or ham and 12" long-4" diameter 6 logs to carton ' I eggs, or sausages and eggs or a more women get murdered than mingy scrap of bacon just about MUSCLES II II boiled new-laid egg, and toast men. Most people think it's because the size you'd give to your RUB ON + COMPANY I I and marmarlade, and of course, they're the weaker sex youngest kitten. Friends of mine MENTHOLATUM fpt-d/ THOMAS LUMBER I good coffee and fruit juice to begin I which isn't true in reality as any from England tell me the horrors I Z31 W. Gore St. TeL 4117 with. Or perhaps for the sake I I man knows who has been mar- of war and; the airraidsand of variety a savory kippered ried. No that is not the answer the buzz-bombs were not so ring, or grilled kidneys, or her-I The answer is, they don't eat demoralizing and discouraging- ree, which is a Dutch-East proper breakfasts. [Although they as the kind of breakfast which confection of rice and fish and I may have a "snack" around 11 every Englishman from the spices. Makes my mouth water to ajn. from the icebox]. Archbishop of Canterbury and ; think about it. But there's a regrettable I I think one should make a distinction Mr. Churchill, himself, down to altl a f - thing about breakfast' between week day break- the man on the farm, and the / that women, our, fasts and Sunday breakfasts. workef in the mill and the miner - r mothers and Week-days breakfast for the average in his pit, is now forced to wives and sisters family is apt to be a hur- eat without pretending they a loN CER and loved ones, ried affair which is a pity. Peo- like it. ; Iaf TINS who matter so ple talk about "Marry in haste * SMOOTHER much in our ,. and repent at leisure' and 111 I could tell you about French KE SR aYiRs lives, and are so tell you what my grandmothertold breakfasts and French coffee, O o+s ER EDGES good when j me, and she was a very wise which is something else again full T. a r they're good and woman the seventh daughter of of chicory, and a wholly acquired 1,1r { "when they're i/ a seventh daughter, with a gift taste but when you do get used to UNIFORMLYICAI bad they're hor of second sight and Welsh. with it and Bulgarian and Polish ECtDouerr rid" th you remember I a gift of the gab like all Welsh. and Ukrainian breakfasts, which the little I She said. "If you gobble your food begin with something called"slivo- girl "who had '1 and eat fast, joull never make i vits" or "slivka" which is plum Ufa 10x.t SfIVOg EDG a little curl right old bones. Better eat little and brandy. It's as strong as the devil, ETON OIrISe. E I in the middle of D rant,. slow than much and quick Gob- and hot as the fires of hell. And turf Otlrst1E60alt biteR her forehead. blers, my boy, get ulcers and bad Russian breakfasts, which can begin - iD tonf And'when she was good she was tempers, and nobody loves them, I with caviar and Vodka, and very, very good; and when she and they die young." But when Vodkas no drink for babes but Ml KOtiaw UQURO tuoa wt awn a tu.CMM*inum MO St AMUIU AM sou wi aqua oniRom was bad she was horrid. That the kids have to go to-school, anda that is so long a story, that IT little girl I fear was typical of man has to go to work, and a I keep it for my next piece, and tell woman has things to do in and for you how two young Americans Ilo.nG.n2 the home then breakfast Is apt :' taught a Russian Marshal. a Bolshevik - VS to be hurried on week days. revolutionary Marshal anda But Sunday breakfast in a tough one. with long mustaches where I sit...ly Joe Marsh. GR 0 well-organized home thatis something new .about breakfast - ..;..... R a movable feast which can goon . >j; 1.P 6E from nine to 11 or even later. E and merge into what the English - Lem's Dogs vsTriad's 1,4of call "brunch," which I It's o TASTY See Florida the most enjoyable way-by carl.! . .' think is an ugly word but TREAT! 1 inexpensively, comfortably and conveniently. Rent an - means something leisurely and r; : Chickens .I friends drop in and [if you're DIXIE O/in's/ U-Drive-lf.; .. the best rental car value in Florida I .-. _. / lucky enough to live in Florida r! / you can have it out by the lake, MARGARINE Running a newspaper, :yon get at Andy Botldn'a Garden Tavern with the dogs and everything, VITAMIN f Q Jtmif D New Model Fords, Chevrolets, Plymouths to know lot about human nature. over a friendly glass of beer. and comic strips for the kids to 'wtle Thad Phlpps was in the other From where I ait. anyone can SEE PAGE squabble over as to who gets. Every car fully insured SINGING TOWER 'em first. Unless re a serious .. .. day all burned up. Wanted me to find something in I his neighbor to citizen, who reads yon the New Open Monday EreningsWARREN'S Delivery and pick-up service ot your hotel \. run an item on how Lent Martin's complain about. (Some folks may 1 York Times which doesn't have ? Car delivered fo your train or plane terminal 5 00 dog had raided his chickens again, even disagree with Thad'a right to PAUL'SFURNITURE any (comics but has the largest DAILY call Olin's , 24-hour t6 and ought to be put away by law. enjoy that glass of beer with Lem!) and fattest Sunday paper in the Complete service s But where REPAIR SHOP world and it takes all Sunday ((24 HOURS) day or night = I told him: "Lent was In on would we be if every morning to read it. But when Winter Park Phone 68 . Saturday. Said :you ahooldnt be body tried to have a law passed you have read it all, you knoweverything Drive to any point in Florida and return the allowed to keep Uu' chickens a. against everything they disagreed Refinishing right up to date $2 9 0 0 car to the NEAREST Olin office. You will be <_ eloM to his hou.M-UUI la a real with We wouldn't have many Reupholstering from Moscow to Miami and Want a clean waterfront? WEEKLY charged for actuql 1 mileage ONLY. + death IOU, at that, neighbors left!. "If the other fellow didn't give a points in between because the ( HIGHWAYAlso "All Aquatic growth removed from MINIMUM RATES) OVERSEAS good Job-Try U,. New York Times' slogan is rentals Packard Thad shuts up right pronto) the news that's fit to print." any body of water. available at moderate : . then.And that very evening I see c9o TIvt4 SOMETHING NEW and they sure do print it aiL I Chryslers Lincoln-Zephyrs Buicks, De Sotos, / r'4. ,him making his peace with Lem Phone 2-1163 So I'd go so far as to say that a I BRUCE THOMPSON Convertibles and Station Wagons. / o/ 1"!"; ?. I 2611 E..ashington St.DyiNOTHIS Sunday American breakfast is Phone .4406 CZJ 5. Orange Ave. ? !:'L .!ri"Call SALE I'something to show the world, to Orlando or Wire Any One -i r Copyright.1917.United State Brewer Foundation c-''i *- I make you proud of your country of Ofin's Three Offices and your home and your wife ? -- and your kids and the cat, which AVIATION s will graciously accept a toothsome (I ::: ,." >> morsel of kipper or a scrap of bacon " and the dogs which wait INSURANCE ,. . S' ( ;; Zplr drooling for anything they can ' ) get and accept it with thankful AH types of covcrait for any aviator ( 1 I MARINE STUDIOS eyes. because dogs are more grate- explained by .0 ex-Navy filer ful than cats, though perhaps not World.wide prompt claim service. , quite so smart. As men are more - grateful than women though not HALL BROS. ORLANDO T MIAMI JACKSONVILLE quite so smart. I n mI \ AGENCY 2830 N. E. 2nd Ave. 913 West Adams St. 242 N. Orange Av But think of Merrie England, Telephone; 9-4713 Telephone: 5-4733 Telephone I'I'I I I nowadays, not to mention France. 112 N. Orange Tel. 5189 .. .. .. '- .. " In the "good old days" an Englishman --- -- I I . I' fIi !i\\\ \ s house was his castle and he ? ---- -- -- I sat like a king at breakfast en- ._ ' throned behind a copy of The Lon- ': t D ) don Times, which isn't called The i London Times although the New r' sP York Times IS called the New r I York called Times.The Times The English, and in Timesis those e51 (AIad1 Ma4v wRo 11tal good old days John Bull used to , eat his breakfast reading The , I I Times in dignity and comfort SKETCHBOOK IMPRESSIONS BV / _ He didn't have orange Juice but /1) he began with porridge [known to JAlllE tLtOH IIIt Y 'L \ you as oatmeal] with brown sugar and lots of rich cream. Then he MrM"' / had bacon and eggs, and a kipperor S "a two and some kidneys on toast and some kedgeree and Oxford ., marmalade which has more of a tang than American marmalade.But ,8LU i kD.4 GAL r.qt at a.tl . he didn't have coffee, not if :..." oU ... he was wise Taken by and large, p hL4 1141));AJ;; "'4' English coffee is like near-beer, 4 > t , i about which the late Damon Run- yon said, "The man who inventedthe . phrase "near-beer had a poor sense of geography." No. in the good old days, the English drank 'E r y's tea. And there comes a curious thing. Tea, as you may remember - caused a certain regrettable incident in the neighborhood of i Kr9 ?: y',5avx Boston, about 175 years ago. and. e thus, played its part in history. Tea also plays its part, or used to, f Ht . In the English social structure. The "bettah sort of peoplepeople tt'fwrl.Gl.ltanid . like us. my dean" drink China tea [not Chinese for breakfast ...th.tt'u. r and the others, the hog policy vfAii;. t drink Indian tea. or tea from Ceylon, which is as strong and acrid and full of tannin as China As a*Man.u/fca Cant Bdl awL wjo Cawtatoi An Old Southern Custom I 1 tea is full of flavor and aroma p It's and charm. So you can guess W J.uit uou fu4'tfWMe&tfr d CatjtaU4'ufrftT>/rfojecfcfy f from that what I think about tea and where I stand* in this contro- f2u104 Fen,fl./ BdwwL BfauL versy. Although I'm not a snob, I and don't despise my fellowmen. 4 tftaia'Uck qd; X >>Jl.tL yet -tvl \ ever, anywhere, neither in Miami ... eanafaitt WfatL Seal j tait pwtt,a.AoltwJa I - ft 1 AT WINTER PARK ft CARSTAIRS J. n'a ridw' (bunk.'Grtifelti/ / &t; 178&'. .tJ..L. 312 and 314 N.. Park Av*. .. IN the language of lovers On Block N.rth *f the. Pntoffk mast Quxctziaua fI.t)l4 0wlLi "" White Seal t is Handkerchiefs Q- Nunnal/fs Box Bountiful 1-1I.ID' i 4f t' BATUIEU} full of a symbol as mean- : LinEns I TllttleSeal CARSTAI)3SI7ss) ( ing as Dan Cupid. So,on St. imPOKTUSI " ;4. Valentine's Day, when you I,I-t Pn sl..d.tlya... ex f fi t 2G stay l 4 shcd -. I Uonograminc __ I I > say it with Nwrnall s, you i ,* HANDKERCHIEFS :. }.I. I FvVALEKTIMES say all that's necessary. It's ... ',. -..'''{ ! : I an old Southern custom. Hand lacked Initiated Prwit tram.im Madeira.......d.Mind EmSwitnr- . O A NUNNALLY l fcieidaiiej Vr.m CIt;_. Lc. I ITh. I nraMtt Hand Painted fern | . FAVORITE Even though the war is.Oren theWeaUittwinfilbertstwowbole 1t II t I filbertshand-dipped! in a demand exceeds the for supply-NmmJly't: Keep still trying' fuBarceloea if rWe Gift Wrap I Mltt11 wIw .Mat i io : CARSTAIRS \{i thick of N.mmaUf$SWiSScraft # coating " T, chocolate.One of the famous you cannot obtain a box just now;; t looters WekMne We mar tpt.1 i z Box Bountiful specialties t 1. but Bcvet urge to brrPetoiktT f 1 hh BLENDED WHISKEY...Carstairs White Seal au Proof. 72'- Grain Neutral Spirits "Car ta.I" ! -. __. Uiclucaa. la the Eiuuner ----- of I , _'.."...oi..h.: ... I ,' .. -- ---.. '. ... '" >'-'e... ;"- '.(;-lt >J 1- _i __ .. --- "' --- ---- '- ' -- T " :- -= L.4:1: : c1 -, "!"< _;, ." "; :"' o"<' oo<"n """ .. ..= : > IIJ- r : : : '" . .1 ; rluub fronting 'ftutiutl years In the White House gave him an inti-'I THEY WILL DO IT EVERY TIME By Hatlo'THE'' PUBLIC THOUGHT mate picture Mr. Truman's problems.His 1 T I .pubHahed daily except 5uDcIa,.. Mew Teat' Day. Fourth I choice seems to us an ideal one a AT ALL.AND at Jul!. Labor Day Thankscnrtnf and Christina by JUDGING JyES-T1 ?entlr l-SUr Co. (OrKndo Dally Hewcpapers. Inc.J at 238.r&nitli smart political move on Mr. Truman's FROM THINK YOU) Too Many Charity Fund Drives : Orange' a* .-d Av*..-Orlando lau matter, ria.EV'ered at Ole Post office at part for he must get along with a Republican THE MEALS SHES' COULD BE MORE' HELP- DID Ull SAY M NOT I Orlando Florida under the Act of March 3d. O7 House and Senate. We cannot conceiveof BEEN I PUTTING FUL WHEN I I'M++TRYING 4DOUBlEMRSt SUREBUT I1REM8L Irk and Bother Business Man ; -AnDeyartmena as a a Republican Congress repudiating Mr. I OUTIATHXEFREISREDUCINGTHE TO REDUCE.IM NOT N I3' W I DIDN'T , Subscription Price SSe Per Week$L30 Per Mo.MAIIM Hoover and, if Mr. Truman does not like j A ShlOaT ORDER CHEF SAY NO: Editor Orlando Morning Sentinel: AMWOSIM. PiwufMs Hi war Baas Earroaut DiatcroaJntni the Hoover Plan for Germany he is under |} YOU KNOW./ CAN'T i\ In the past six weeks I have had lttV&,D Yav6rVC G.WTOM, Guc MIL MAHCH. T. UWUMCI. AY. D*. no contract to offer it to Congress. WMSTUNEMRSIMBOLEHGOON--- BE COOKING: 15 OR at least a dozen people in my SJKe r1? 'C>V, UHITT. lit MOL Rosen f. WAAIU. Cuffs M**. Forgetting the political considerations 20 DIFFERENT' office collecting for some sort of . , Lulu i IIHUUI, MAN sI.* Em. NOMUT Coxtomu, Sat T..*.. IS THAT charity. I thought we were going """ we are certain that Mr. Hoover will give to MEALS A W! to stop this sort of thing by hav- Member .f Tko Associate Pros his new job all the vigor thought and: ex- ing all worthy groups come under v - 'titled The Asaoeuted to tn* use Presc for re-pubbcaboa U exehuircty ot en all perience which he has at his command.We EA7 1 thj 'srr the Community Chest. I don't DeWS dispatches accredited to nor nototherwise know of no man we would rather see tsl ..ll say all these people are running accredited to this paper and e 2 rackets but it seems to me these also the local news published berew.r handle this vital assignment. All rlshta for re-pubUcatkm of special people take up a lot of our timeas 'ducatcbea herein are aUo reserved.e well as our money with their$ MERRY-GO-ROUND 0\ pet projects. If you don't kick - I FEB 8. 1947TODAY'S PAGE 4 THURS in they think you're a miser and THOUGHTS Max Gardner Praised ; = v K' if help you they tell them feel not highly to bother Insulted.your S ups ht eI Whosoever shall confess Me before men. him Br DREW PEARSONWASHINGTON ., Something should be done about yrf0 shall the Son of man also confess before the angelsof this headache. I -Today. ex-Gov. o. Max Gardner tr I.I i God: But he that denleth Me before men shall H. E. H. P. of North Carolina. sails for his new post as O be denied before the angels of God:Luke 12:8-8. . American Ambassador to the Court' of St. James. EitlrVMATSHE l .. * '. Ambassador Gardner has done a lot of varied and 1 He that falls Into sin is a man: that grieves CAN DO 1O A CfnTRAL'FLORID S 7 difficult things in his life, from hoeing corn to s at it. is a saint; that boasteth of it, i* a. deviL- DRUGSTOREFOUNTAIN - running the U. 8. Treasury, but this is the first i iidnvlt' i- fa Thomas Puller I, \ ( time he has tried his hand at diplomacy.It i CON" (TZGtOql4OJk J Chews fc =. ==== r8c r is not however the first time he has visited COITION IS Down-to-Earth Thinking England. Exactly 42 years ago, Max landed in By HAROLD ESCH SOMETHING England under somewhat differ- 113D N&nON AI/EAPLFE Tl THEN A FELLOW or a business gets ent circumstances. He had crossedon RICHMOND,CAUP.PITCHING ELS .ACAIN. 1- ROQUE. The club's Round W into trouble one of the best ways out a cattle boat as "nursemaid" Robin 16 Tournament entrants signed is underwaywith for play. is the application of some good old-fash- to 500 seasick steers. [His old Winners in this event will largely ioned down-to-earth fundamental think- I e friend. Bob Reynolds later Senator I Br BARNEY BARNES determine who will represent Orlando - from North Carolina had THE QUESTIONDo for the Florida Cup. play ing.That's What Dr. P. Phillips gave the industry recruited Max as a cattle hand HORSESHOES won approve of the Or- to be held in St. Petersburg on lando Utilities Feb. 11. Games played to date the Commission and then bossed job.lArriving going - f'< I leaders in his plan to lead them number but six with the following in London on the day to the Lake Butler chainto from the economic woods. There's nothingtoo I results: Dr. Harris defeated W. Just the British were holding memorial a Faulty Diagnosis obtain water for the City of i. startling or revolutionary about the [ Orlando 1THE Burlingame by 32-5; Dr. McKee services for the late U. B. Am- | lost to Robert Isaacs by 32-14; Phillips plan. It's just plain common-run- bassador John Hay Gardner hail_I ANSWERS j!Charles LaYing defeated Mrs. A. of-the-mill horse sense of the type that has ed a hansom -cab and drove out By BILLY ROSE I still got an awful lot of ringing In the ears." Pam McDonald physical science Bell 32 to 19. made the Orlandoan tremendously suc- to St. Paula Cathedral to attend If everything written about the housing problem "Hrumph" said the doctor. "Strip. When the aide, Orlando. "Yes I approve of'i 1' J. J. McGee won a close one i were pounded into pulp and rolled out in inch-thick examination was finished, Dr. Guelph looked going to the Lake from cessful in the fruit business. Pearson the ceremony.: En route he got very Joseph Klunk, 33 to 17. into conversation with the cab driver who inquired dabs, there would be material for enough prefabricated .- grave. .It.. your stomach," he said. "It's got to Butler' Chain for Layng defeated Louis Hcdoval j-j What does he say? He says let's pay of John houses to solve the shortage.The come out. water, because it I by 32 to 6 but lost another match attention to the people who eat our fruit, regarding Gardner the might identity have explained Hay.that Hay was experts, have suggested everything from The operation took 20 hours. Doctors came from is the best source to Isaacs by 32 to 26. The cold instead of much with and the closest. weather will no doubt hold wasting time abandoned viaducts play so I' to hollowed-out tree trunks. up several States and sat In tiers like at former Secretary of State and former Ambassador a bullfight Tfijjie people who sell it. This makes good Everything, it seems, except building houses. These The next closest (but it is hoped to complete the to Great Britain. Instead, he replied: to watch. When Dr. Guelph triumphantly waved supply adequate tournament before the St. Peters- gene to us. "Hay is the man who wrote "Little Breeches.*" liggledy-piggledy solu- Schnook's stomach aloft, the operating ibo m for the present burg trip. E After all the factor which determines tions remind me of a sounded like the Yale Bowl after a 100-yard of Orlando Loafing Around Throne: Then the future U. S. run. growth I' j. , :::whether we have red ink or black is Ambassador to Great Britain recited from memory stol)'. Congressional Rec frEARIN TEEM \ When the patient came to, he said "How can would be St. LAWN BOWLING . While whether Mr. and Mrs. America is eating John Hay's famous poem Tittle Breeches. the ord please.A S I ever repay you for what you've done?" Johns River Orlando bowlers invaded Ut.I' . soda jerk named "By cash check or order." said the doc- which is over 30 Dora for the league match and enjoying what we have to sell. story of an Indiana youngster who got lost in a money TUes- Homer Schnook had miles from here. ' a o \ tor crisply. I'day afternoon losing 76-69 , snowstorm when his team stampeded and was one , All the people in between the grower terrible ringing in his Not only is the McDonald team of Mt. Dora women finally found asleep in a haymow. The last stanza "When will I get the bill? asked Homer played i and the eater are just a bunch of/ guys ears. He mentioned it to \ Schnook. Lake Butler chain closer, but it la here in town and went down to . named Joe who concludes: the fellow who made the '' clean and wholesome. The impor- defeat by three points. 1815. Mrs. profit by selling our prod. I "Later. said Guelph. "You're not strong enoughfor "How did he get thar? Angels? tant thing about this move is that E. M Cobb, skip Mrs. W. O. sandwiches. uct. The people who mean profits to He could never have walked in that storm; that yet. the supply is adequate for the Erodes, Mrs. John Turn and Mrs. us are those who eat our fruit. They Jest-scooped down and toted him "Maybe your mother future growth of Orlando. W. D. Fox finished on top over To whar it was safe and warm. was frightened by a Idle \ Lone" Six months later Schnook left the hospital Mrs. Dierke. skip, Mrs. Kellog, !- PHILLIPS ALWAYS has been a be- And I think that saving a little child. Dh cracked his walked three blocks turned left, and went right George Cranford machinist Or- Mrs. Hutchinson and Mrs. Flem- DR. And fotching him to his own. friend. "If I were you I'd \ into Dr. Guelph's office. He stripped as he walkedup lando. "Yes, our present source of lag .d .t in advertising and now he ems \ . Is a darned sight better business go and see Dr. Guelph. the stairs. supply will not An tournament games were phasizes this belief by recommending Than loafing around the throne. Schnook did. "I've got "" "I've got an awful lot of ringing in the ears," hold out much postponed yesterday for obvious :- doubling our expenditures so that our story an awful lot of ringing in he said softly. longer with Or- reasons. The trebles and singles Little did the 23-year-old Gardner dream as . . may reach all the housewives of the na- he recited Tittle Breeches' to that London hansom the ears." he told the doctor.. The doctor examined him and shook his head .. lando growing as engagements scheduled will be "Hrumph said Dr. Guelph. "Strip"He it is. To establish I played as early as P oISible! One -tion. driver, that 42 years later he was to be selected, sadly. "Medical science can do no more for you. another source team of brave men took to the Latt Maxcy months ago advocated a as he now describes it, to "loaf around the throne." gave Schnook a careful going over, took my boy" he said. "How did you ever get in such for water is got courts and stuck it out for ten : nickel across the board advertising tax on The fact that Ambassador Gardner has the pictures of his chest, and' tapped' him with a little shape?" ing to cost a lot 1 ends before calling it a day. Harry ;'' oranges grapefruit and tangerines. Others sense of humor to ten this story on himself however hammer. "Darned if I know," said Schnook."I 4i of money so Hall. skip Charley Phillips. W. W. "Go to the hospital immediately the doc- may as well be frank with the doctor ;: while we are Lewis and Ed Clark scored 17 to -i indicates that he will come close to being you. ;:; '"' t . have suggested the tax be increased. Now another John Hay at the Court of St. James tor. "Report to surgery. Ill have to collapse a lung." went on. "You don't figure to live more than six \ :'>spending thetj. 4 for John Reichert. skip. Arthur ; another important industry factor throws Born In the general backbone the months." .A : tj.money, we should Mackay. A. D. Yeaton and Jim same part of : its for funds. Schnook hurried to the hospital, and wheeled Ikl!%. a' 8 plan for the fu- Shelley. weight more advertising nation as John Hay Ambassador Gardner prob- was Schnook took it welL "If that's how it's got ,}, The Legislature will have to answer ably would prefer to sit on his front porch at to the operating room where Dr. Guelph wentto to be- he said, "I may as well have a little fun. Orlando.Cranford Lakes ture growth of * are public propertyand this question with amendment to the work. The operation was a great success. Three I've saved up a couple of thousand and I'm I SHUFFLEBOARD The _ an Shelby, N. C. in the old rocking: chair given him going should serve the most people club's annual card tournament :r. present bill, end the only way the Legis- by the Negroes of the town 35 years ago when weeks' later, the patient was discharged. to have myself a time. Clothes girls, every whenever possible but I would nowant t opens its three day cession today The he back office " next day at the doctor's - lature will be persuaded to make such an they contributed 21 cents each to buy him a was" thing. to see the citrus property I with bridge. 500.> pinochle and "Lungs feel fine, he told the medicine man. The soda jerk went straight to the finest haber on the chain suffer." ; ). amendment is if the industry wedding present. Or he would prefer workingon I cribbage events on schedule. presents a his, farm or supervising the school he has "but I still got an awful lot of ringing in the ears. dashery in town. "Shirts, socks ties," he * ? close to united front. endowed in Western North Carolina. "Hrumph," said the doctor. "Strip. This time nounced. "Best you've got. Let's start with s hints Nick Belitz, citrus grower and i But back to this business of selling., We packer Orlando. "Yes. there is not ' Max Gardner, however, will do a great job. Dr. Guelph made him swallow a lighted bulb, -custom-made. Winter ParkBrevities > believe Dr. Phillips is 100 per cent correct When the luxury liner S3 America docks with him and measured his bead with clippers.: "Report to The proprietor himself took the measurements. a what question; Orlando but I . when he advocates Florida court the eater aboard the white-spatted British diplomats who surgery immediately" be said. "I'll have to remove "Thirty-four sleeve" he sang out. needs a larger I i 'of our fruit rather than the dealers and meet him will not know that the first time he part of your skull, and replace it with "Thirty-four sleeve" repeated an assistant. source for water. sellers of it. touched the soil of England was from a cattle plastic." "Thirty-six chest. Orlando and environs - , And to successfully court eaters of fruit boat 1 And when he talks to Prime Ministers and "Holy smoke!" said Schnook. "Is such an opera- "Thirty-six chest""Fifteenandahalf; have more By MARGARET GREEN {r, we must give them good eating fruit. potentates on Anglo-American problems they tion possible?" neck." than doubled in ; The Community Fund Drive begins - '. Any- won't know that his favorite lecture topic at the "That" said Dr. Guelph cheerfully, "is wha.twe're "Fifteen-and-a-half neck." size in the last 20 totday. a thing .that can be done to insure this, so University of North Carolina was on the scienceof about to discover." "Hold on a minute," said Schnook. take a years and If the There is a thermometer at the ; that our crop may be forcefully and honestly picking fertilizer for corn and tobacco. Schnook was under ether for 14 hours. As size 14"The growth con- City HaH corner which will record I ; advertised will help the industry They won't know this. But Max: : won't hesitate Guelph's skillful fingers removed a piece of skull proprietor looked at the tape measure need tinues we water will ,; the Mrs.progress William of E.the Fort.drive.Girl Scout .... j greatly. to tell them and replaced it with a piece of plastic bearing the "Fifteen and a half," he insisted."I supply a adequate '* commissioner. will staff the snacka: ; Let's go completely honest in this deal. For the new Ambassador is proud of his back- duPont label, the assistants and nurses broke intoa don't care what the tape measure says" to take care of Bellts bar in front of the bank with the J... It will pay high dividends in returns to ground. And while he already has received 2,600 low cheer. Schnook proteted.MI've; been wearing size 14 for the population. The Butler chain mothers of Girl Scouts and Boy those who raise the fruit applications from American society matrons asking Two months later, the soda Jerk walked out of 20 years." seems the most logical place for Scouts both organizations begin j that .their daughters be presented at the Court of the hospital. When Dr. Guelph got to his office the The proprietor sighed. "You can have a 14 col Orlando's water supply but if tale benefitted annually by the drive. St. James. it is a 100-to-l bet that Max will geta next morning. Schnook was sitting on the doorstep. lar if you want it" he said "but you're going t water from the chain will hurt Gifts may be left at the snack r f Hoover Gets New JobnpHE lot more fun entertaining old friends from "Mr, bead feels fine," he told the doctor, "but have an awful lot of ringing in the ears." othe citrus plantings around the I bar sent to Mrs. Charles MacDowell. : \\ t BIPARTISAN POLICIES started'by North Carolina than "loafing around the throne." lakes, then some steps"should be |, or handed to Paul Davis at the , taken to them. t t" 1 Pres. Roosevelt when he called the Bilbo's Next More: SenelectTheodore G. WESTBROOK PEGLER SAYS protect* I I bank.When the Girl Scout Council . late Frank Knox and Henry Stimson to Bilbo of Mississippi now drawing his monthly Joseph David, florist, rosin I meets today at 8 pjn. at All Saints i serve on his wartime Cabinet continue to salary of $1,250 while rendering no service to the Manor. "Yes. If we need the additional I parish house there will be a nation is sure to get an additional 30 water round-table discussion of days in now i : what meet with favor under the Truman Honor Where It is Due .r" regime. which to recuperate-at the expense of the taxpayer is the time to g oehatwhat I Scouting has meant to them and ; It always has seemed a childish and of course. to a source they look forward to in the .{ -: expensive practice to us for the nation tot On Jan. 4, the Senate by unanimous consent, will take care of future under this program with laid Bilbo's By WESTBROOK PEGLER were the beneficiaries of a testimonial dinner ten the town for the the following Girl Scouts participating ; quarantine brains just because those brains contested credentials on the table I a period of 60 days. for Benjamin F. Pross amounts to nothing in the dered to Benjamin F. Pross. on Jan. 20, the Timeslearned next 20 or 30 : Gay Ayers Anne True- , happened to wear the wrong political uni This backstage underworld labor racket beyond an area which extends last week. years. Deep wells blood Dorothy Whitmore, Jackie l form.Latest out by GOP and arrangement had been worked from the City of New York his center of have been suggested 'I Shull. Annie Mae Stinson and Democratic leaders after Pross was honored because of his "sincere: and bipartisan move by Truman is Dixie Bilbo told operations into New Jersey. Westchester and hither fit' ; as a Marcia Walters. Mrs. Butler Neide colleagues he was "flat broke tireless efforts in bringingabout improved eco- 'I and in desperate source, but the will serve as discussion leader. \ the commissioning of Herbert Hoover to need of Pennsylvania and Connecticut. As to the rest hospitalization. nomic conditions the wholesale wine sales- Both sides among Miss Mellie accepted the danger of contamination : Finch' cataloguer at investigate and recommend a plan for re- compromise of the country, he is important merely as a per- ' in f order to break a filibuster at the men. The affair was attended by rank and file from the Rollins Library. is a patient . constructing Germany and for getting the very opening of the sonification of the rottenness which the American I 80th Congress. members industry leaden and other distinguished drainage into at the Florida Sanitarium. U. S. occupation forces out of that enemy Bilbo's 60 days "on the table" expires March Federation of Labor has encouraged in violation of guests" I I.David this strata makes Mrs. Floyd Graham of Cleve- 't" 5 and he is slated to every decent theory and principle of unionism.His unsafe for human consump I land. Ohio. is visiting her farther nation as soon as possible. appear in the Senate March I would point out that, as Rum Dum Joe Fay, , 6 to take I equals in viciousness and effrontery exist else- The Lake Butler chain of D. Rumbaugh. ; his 1.1. oath and. , A "Hoover Plan" is in the making. seat, something GOP leaden of the Operating Engineers, often demonstrated in ." now find it where, of course, but never have I encounteredhis I eight lakes insures an ample supply j 1!i Mr. and Mrs. J. N Via of Roanoke - expedient to postpone for at least his bloody social rank and filers and "in We hope it -is successful than the career more of another 30 days. like. He is unique. water pure enough to use Va.. are here for a visit with f "Dawes Plan" after the last conflict.Mr. Sen. Robert A. The gall of this inveterate crook, in exposing dustry leaders" are damned well advised to b uy'i'i as is. Many residents on the lakesuse their son-in-law and daughter.Mr. . Hoover is peculiarly equipped to.r. Committee Taft. chairman of the Senate himself to attention by posing as an honorable tickets and give personal attendance to pay tributeto I the water for drinking and and Mrs. Mark Bower. on Labor and Public Welfare, has cal- thieving criminals who control AFL unions. If I household purposes, without ill t- I I! There is a two-weeks revival the "success" who "made it the hard . out Truman assignment. A successful culated that at , carry just the time Bilbo is due to appear they don't and particularly if they don't buy i ring and purifying." i now in session at the Church of engineer of vast international ex- the Senate will be debating major labor way is as fascinating as an a'q | the Brethren legislation enough tickets the rank and filers may be laid off corner of Clay St. !. perience. Mr. Hoover also is acquainted which he very much wants the Senate to pass prior other phase of his revolting ] :: or even laid up with broken legs, and the "industry i Doe S. Jernijan, citrus and and Harmon Ave. The speaker is 'i first hand with international politics and to March 31-the date on which John 1- Lewis' character ..a' a..Ky.. leaders" may have to contend with picket linesof i! agriculture, Orlando. "Ye$ I believe I one of the leading evangelists of strike 'truce" The Beverage Times a trade j :x the Lake ! the '. expires. The last denomination the Rev J. business.. thing Taft wants angry wretches of starvation who have no voice II > at this time is a Bilbo filibuster. journal of the liquor industry, pre H I I Butler chain is Oscar Winger of Manchester Indo The lessons learned Food Administrator In the calling of strikes but have to picket on i . as I Therefore. Sen. Alben sents an example of this in its ] i the answer to our : i Mr. and Mrs. Charles Cramer during World War I, and the friends I obtain unanimous Barkley will ask and issue of Jan. 27. orders from such as Pross and Fay. specificallydo problem of water I of Hartford, Conn., are visitingthe . he made in Europe during those days are I Payroll for another consent 30 to carry Bilbo on the The head on the story say I not undertake to. say that such considerationswere : sup pI)'. This :; former's sister. Miss Mary days on the ground that persuasive here} but only that this is commonpractice group of lakes 1 his I "Univ. t Cramer on Overlook Rd. valuable certainly and ill-fated four another month is Settlement and Runyon ! necessary for Bilbo's recuperation. in such unions Pross' and Fay's. The are the about the - Fund benefit from Benj. F. Pros j as I(I Mr. and Mrs. Joel Phillips entertained - article does not say who organized this "testi largest in this the Fred Cowards and dinner. \ monial." It was possible for Pross to do it himself. ::, section of the the J. A. Sewells this week: witha Orlando Morning Sentinel Radio The reason for the interest of I State and what pheasant dinner. Program I "The success of the event, the Beverage Times] is that thirogue the I I Beverage Times story says "was highlighted with Pross' statement little we would f" /. Mr. and Mrs. Howard Sfaowal- WD>0 (5.0) twNBJW MM WLOr (230) 3:IS Too ft Alcohol .. Ma Perkins __ is the executive business ruler take out wouldJ. ;)' ter have returned from Baltimore. .. that, while he 6-00 Chvrch In WOdw'd: ._.- NewsRev.Uu.330 Winner Take AH Pepper Youn Lad. Be Seated manager of Local 1 of the Wine, Liquor and Distillery was deeply touched the dirty crook, not effect the f' Reservations for the Valentine 0 I* Farm Reporter =:= :::. Reveln = _3'43 Winner Tate All Right Edwl.. C. SW "with the honor paid him. its gesture had added to Happiness' , use: Lets Go VUlUm 77/ .... New.-Reeetfe Stud Time ____ Workers' Union and of the wholesale Wine water level to Jerniran bridge the night of Feb. 14 at the I a'4S News ..-u_?_ ____u__-__-_____. .....u.: -----.- 4 00 ROOM Party Backstage Wile Tommy Bartlett Salesmen's Union. Local 18. He has the power to significance because 'through this friendly gather- any great extent. During dry spells Woman's Club indicate that it will 4 15 _ *:*M Taws Patrol -..-_-.--.__, Sews-Sins. C1oek. 4:30 Dr.HOUM Malone Part?--_ 8teUa Lorenzo Da11aa Jones ___ Tommy OHS Bartlett call strikes at will against distillers wholesalersand ing, we were enabled to contribute our share to the i i citrus growers have used water equal the brillant success of these ":1$ Tawn Patrol "ora. DeYOtiou 4:45 Alliance Church WMder Brown on the Air worthy endeavors of the University Settlement > from these lakes for irrigation events of the past. Reservations ;i IdO FnafeatT45 JiI......... QH3 Oil tae Air retailers of all kinds of alcoholic beverages in , : Mews --- News-Mug. lot Clock 3-00 School: or Air -__ aw Marrtea Tern jurisdiction and in his trial in the Federal and the Damon Runyon Memorial Fund.: pumping from them weeks at a I'may be made through Mrs. ---------- ----- ---------- Pirates his'great -- S:15 School of AirS time with effect the level. Portia Paces no on MaeDowell Life Charles Mrs. Robert S-OO CBS Nawa ___ World News _____ Martin Asronsky :30 Lam & Aboer _- JIiH Plats BUI _. Jack Sty ilea Armstrong_ Court at Newark it was shown that he used this Meaning no insinuations or implications as to In building for the future growthof t or I.U W. .Messencter _. Do Yoa Remember, Binctn eaksm-n 545 Variety Pair Front others I would Johnson. Pace FarreD nastiestaspects a. Un Tennessee Jed __ union power to compel Schenley to allot 10,500 point out that one of the 1:30 Norman Beasley Do You Renembei Mod. Melody Trio 6.00 G. Ik GuNe.a.. New. ____ .___. i Orlando, these lakes would be Mrs Edwin Sloan and Miss r , a.j Breatlast BrertUea Do You Remember fteloee, Time 6,15 Norman Cloutler Serenade to Am. Dinner Dinner MasirGreyhound Music h !i' over-quota cases of whisky which later were sold of organized philanthropy ls the abuse of an ideal source of supply. 'Gertrude Barfield of Toledo, Ohio, 1:00 News-Dick. Jeannl BoneTmB la N. T Brtakfast Club :JO Relax and LUtea Serenade to Am. Gun to American soldiers in the black market in the it by utterly despicable men to suggest that they : are visiting Mrs. Sloan's sister, "-15 peoUona Honerm** tn N. Y. Breakfast Clwk 45 Robert Troot Lowell ThomaWhen Sports Parade n South. are actually good in heart The Runyon Fund '! Mrs. H. W. CaldwelL and = Doctors Will Arrive family.An . 9-3O TIm. Out MusM Dartlnt Clam. Breakfast Club 7:00 Mrsterr ol Week Sapper Club Hfsdlln Editko has 14$ Time Out Musk Nelson 0 Breakfast ChaD -- 7.1S: Jack Smith -f,- Ness, ol World Elmer Ds.ls been exploited to a spectacular degree by original and highly satirical i 10-00 Sammy It.,. La Sullivan My Tru. Start 7JO >honetto ::_. Denala Day Prolessor Qula .. II such parasites ; In Orlando Feb. 15i ;sketch "How to Start a Business"was . 7.4 Another official of Local 1 Symphonette H testified that the i V. Kaltenborn Prolessor _, 10:11 Yours Sinrerekr Lora Lawtan My Trn Story outs I given yesterday at the Cham- 1030 Evelyn Wintrra Road of Lift __ Church Hymns _- 1 00 Suspense _.. Aldrich faintly Local Mews union constitution gave Pross no right to impose "Pross told the assemblage, the story con- i Dr. Leland Dame county health ber of Commerce 1045: fattiiom In Music Joyce Jordan ... Listening Pat. --- IS Suspense ..:::... Aldricn Family Musical Tresses such conditions on Schenley as the price of tinues, "that the work of the University Settlement I I officer has received word that the luncheon by peace William B. Whittaker. .30 FBI reacg War Maxwell H. CoHe. Tilts head of the 11:00 Artbw Godfrey ... Fred waring Tom Brenneman 8'45 Bill Henry. Hews Maiwell H. Coitee Town Metttag: __ with the union and that Pross never did report was particularly close to his heart becauseof two recently graduated doctors Theater Arts Department Meeting I of 11.IS Arthur Godfrey Fred Warinc __. Tom BmnemaB the who being loaned to the Or- Rol- are 11:00: Dick Haymea .._ Kraft hardships he encountered in his youth. i I II 3O Xavier meat Jack: Berth _..."Hollywood Story_ __ Music Hall .To_ Meeting these terms of settlement to Local 1. It was a II 4*. Roaemary ._- .- Daeld_Hamm_--_ Nature Storiea =. 1,30 1:15 Dick cnm.Baymea PhotosTaphi 0 Jack Kraft Muaic Hall Town Meeting private deal: the whisky was sent directly into the "'I was born on the East Side:" he said. in ange County Health Dept. by the I lins.It was erroneously stated that Haley .. . i.aV !iIe.. _. .._ Kenny Baker _-- Kenny Baker __ Crime Photturapnr Jack Haley Sensational Sensational Tears Tears, black market the soldiers were robbed by racketeers which case he was a liar under oath when he testified I Army will arrive here Feb. 15. I members of the.Yektrans of For- - __ ; Vas/ Damme 4 IMS Uttte ShowIt tel Kenny Baker '> The doctors are graduates of the M Helen Trent -- Wada Musk Kenad Reports 10:00 Readers Digest Abbott & Cosicllo world Security j the union members got nothing out of it, in a Federal Court proceeding in New York eign Wars appeared at the City 1215 Gal eandat Worda Musk Nora Del' Vartlte 10-13: Readers Dltest" Abbott at costelloEddie World Security .. : on June 22, 1927, that he was born in Russia and i i;I I Army's wartime medical training Commission meeting last Monday 10:30: People' Platform1O45 Cantor Fantasy in "elocl71:00 Pross was acquittd and after a lapse of time, and sent here Bi* Stater --__. Bketeh tn Melody: Baukhaf Talklac People's Platform Eddte Cantor Karl Oodwim45 bought beautiful did not come, to the United States until he was ;i program are being I I I night when MaJ. Metro Bodnyk a estate on the shore of Lake ' 115"' Perklna Sketch U Melody FerrrU Tim. for public health training in the .TJtrm 1100 Kews-Featara .. ._. 12 accused Chief Lao; Pleas --- Reno from Trooica Symphonic SwiBf. Net W.'d Ton 1 spits Mahopa New York. years old. This was one of five bankruptcies i j i of Police Carl .... 11-15 loa C. Barsrh11JO Hark on of Wash Joe Basel ; (field pending commencement of Xife .Wl'Conllklr Alters Buchanan of 1 4 J Road ef Mrdttal involving Ben ---- and other members of his : unnecessary roughness - family March of DunrS Story of Music 'Oems-Ord'-- . their official interne LtiO Kite Smith BpeaU rods,', Children Walter KieroaB+ U45JuUiard:: School .__ Story of Mnsie Ted Strafter Orrfc in the course of which Berj got two prison sen- ,! periodThey and conduct unbecoming an 9'IS Perry Mama Womaa la Whit Ethel Albert _. : will be assigned to schools I , -- 12:00 Dei KewaDsirn- ._ .... .. _. The story in the Beverage Times i officer when he arrested the JSO: Walter Kimble ... Maaaaerada ._ Bride A Groom 12:15 -=== a: Off carries a picture tenets, one of three years and four months in to aid Dr. Dame in completing the Army Air a 4S aof Mr Dnaa U.M of wend : Music far UsfnlaDeum of Pross Force officer ' Bride A on traffic Proem and begins: "Both the University Atlanta a vio 12:30: ";ute and the other of 60 in New York 11 Draa. .* Piss.. .. .... .l. for Ust'ata- '-- days physical i examinations of school j'I lation. The Can Uf Ladiea. B SaU4 au MasSe Doaica tor UsTsUa Settlement and the Damon Runyon Memorial Fund for swindling creditors. j'j delegation represented ![!children, the health officer' said. the Disabled American Veteran I I , r i , . , -- -. \ < - - -- -- - --- ., -'--:: .o', "=" '"""! -, -...,...- .. v'.r. __, -- :-- 4.->,' __. .;, .; < -"" ""' !-.. ': ,, 1'.... <"' """"' "' '''' '" - "" " ' !rt t Thursday, February 6, 1947 rlanfcn Wanting >frrntlnrl Page 5 l Citrus Commission Eyes. Cattle JudgedAt Citrus CommissionGets of confidence to the commission AFL Votes Tough Fight I and promised its co-operation in State Fair Compliments anything for the benefit of the Council iSoeoot to Orlando Morning Sen!me!)} industry. Proposal ;. Horsey LAKELAND The Florida Citrus - Curbs LaborI Rail Board Case Speciol to Orlando Morning Sentinel] Against on Commission usually the targetof , brickbats and criticism, yester- TAMPA-Judging of Hereford, Hearing Set FridayTALLAHASSEE '* day received two verbal "bouquets"with and Aberdeen-Angus beef cattle I I MIAMI rAP] The AFL Executive Council voted yester- proper appreciation. | (API Oov Cald- was completed at the Florida State Prevail Heads Plan Fair here Wednesday; by Judge day to fully utilize all the "resources and facilities of the First. Com. John Justin Schu- wells challenge of the right of Phillips' mann of Vero Beach assured his State Sen. Wilbur C. King to the Paul B. Swaffar of Richmond'sAtlantic I AFL to fight off anti-labor legislation, but moved to cut colleagues that the Indian River 1! office of railroad commissionerand - Rural Exposition and down the number strikes with a system of arbitration "secession" movement was not the right of the two qualified i Brahman exhibitors prepared for I tribunals. aimed at the FCC. but at the set- I commissioners to draw their salanes ' Study Group To Be StudiedContinued Thursday when Brahman. 5; won' ting up of separate marketing -will be argued in Leon and Santa Gertrud classes will The council concluded one .fits ' under 4 agreements Federal law, County Circuit Court here Friday. shorest Winter be judged Pepper Flays meetings on that the East Coast John T. were Tallahassee growers Wigginton [Speetat to Orlando Morning Sentinel/! $ Grand championship ribbons record with a severe attack on awtwr- appreciative of the value of the attorney who filed a declaratoryJudgment [ from Page 1] Thomas Matthewsof Congressional and : LAKELAND-A strong possibility went to D. State legislative - 4 commission and "are not shooting ; suit for Caldwell yesterday - Santa Fe River Ala- proposals to restrict that Florida Ranch. Citrus Industry a " and tighter regulations to preventthe atus. testing King eligibility to the chua, and to A. L. Jackson of unions. three-man committee Council designed to accelerate Then a resolution was read office, said Fridays hearing has merchandising of the State's prin- shipment of immature fruit. Gainesville In the Hereford division GOP LeadersWASHINGTON was clothed with full authority {I wherein the Florida Farm Bureau'scitrus been mutually rjreed by all : upon cipal money crop will be formedwas ,t ry Dr. Phillips told the commission while Louis Geraci of Sun to conduct the fight committee extended a vote I parties. seen here after the approval "this is not a flash in the Lake Ranch Lutz. showed Bo- AFti Pres. William Green heading - yesterday by the Florida Citrus k' pan proposition. He said it is grane champion Aberdeen-An [ U P J Sen the committee said using the Commission of plans to crystallizethe time that the industry beganto gus.Despite Claude Pepper yesterday accused AFL's entire resources might in- Ideas advanced by J William worry about what the con- the cola: several hundred Republican leaders of embarkingon clede mass meetings< or demon- Horsey of Tampa. sumer wants to educate the persons gathered around the strations on a grand scale Green an "ominous" foreign policy Horsey, who has _been prominent ]- ; consumer on Florida citrus and ring at the fair's livestock build- averted a direct answer about the I ing to watch the judging. More course that could bring Americato of as'' "i in the Canadian and American to forget all the whimsies of the possibility a general strike , merchandising fields for many beef cattle are entered at the fair the "brink of disaster a demonstration against the' tr trade. "We need to ; ; :: revamp our this year than ever before with harsher measures now pending in !I years, and. who recently took over ,f rtv present methods." he said. "I've In an attack on recent GOP herds from Blountstown to Miami AS NOTHING AT Alli the Interests here Congress He said the committee Apte canning I ( done statements. Pepper asked the ia. everything the trade want- j wants to bring shIppers. represented. would decide what to do. growers. r. ed me to do in the past but !_ Angus grand champion bun wuEUeenmere's :Senate "what is the Republican canners. merchandisers represen- .' With him on that committee whatever the consumer wants Kind 4th. aged " an party up to? William L tatives of State government suppliers are "Big Bill" Hutch- J. B. PREVATT the trade will furnish and aftI'bull who was also the 1948 winner, I He assailed' Senate Pres. head of the and other factors Into one Arthur eson. carpenters, beads FCC committee er all it is the consumer who while the grand champion female and further- George Meany, AFL round-table for the secre H. group Vandenberg for his recent No seed ! to to extremes <4 0 must be satisfied. wu Queen Mother Esther C. both go ance of citrus sales all over the Cleveland In tary.treasurer.; world.It. I He explained that ho had proposed -I a mature cow. Geraci also showed speech which. Green is to contact every national ...]YIC slip into HAPS and enjoy, J the reserve champion female Pepper said he the was revealed that he had I Caldwell Sees the pound selling idea for espoused and international union in ' -recently presented his plan to years-and asked Johnnie Kirk- Blackcap McHenry V.while 25th.the a jun- cause of "reaction" in China I the AFL to enlist their efforts to the airy, absorbent ONE-PIECE ease I yearling heifer reserve - the members .f Florida Citrus land buying agent for Wesco .ior and Argentina. set up arbitration tribunals in Hike inState champion bull-Gay Boy M. of this form fit underear The Vandenberg was not in the - Producer Trade Assn. at a Foods Inc. subsidiary of Kroger their particular Industries along an aged bull was exhibited by C. Senate as Pepper spoke. of closed meeting: here-and had Stores to tell what weight merchandising the lines announced by Truman '": E. "Tiny" Williams of the Sturdy exclusive INTERKNIT dosed scat 'I' Pepper criticized Republican attacks received endorsement at least in had done for Florida last Saturday for the building and School Funds Oak Farms. Bartow. the I on reciprocal trade . principle.A fruits and Kirkland replied"pound I Today's competition will feature policy construction industry.ConlrarUr tnnot bind pinch or bunch at r FCC Committee headed by J TALLAHASSEE [API Gov.Caldwell selling has increased Brahman herds of Henry O. Par- I And most bitterly of all he B. Prevatt of Tavares was Instructed ... ," .. the No buttons washes -ti I sales. tin and Sons, Kissunmee, and the castigated John Fester i 0"' J waist. ; "safe Dulles said yesterday U was to to study it further and to ? I predict that the recommendations Phillips roundly scored the Durrance Ranch. Brighton, two of GOP foreign policy adviser, for ! bring definite plans for formationof easilr no ironing.Try em the council to the commission : of the Citizens' Committee on Edu- I chain stores insistent demand for. the large prize winners at the proposals to restore the Industrial t rf f show cation will result in an increase of Southeastern Brahman in I the German .sizes"-that he was never able 1 Cat 1797 coon. ::deRhlla; ew i , Ocala last month Ruhr and integrate K Charles C. Commander general several million dollars a year in i to deliver the sizes wanted at any State support of the public It Intoestern Furope's manager of the Florida Citrus Exchange j given time. MrrrkaX and FCC member said as school"In In answering questions. Dr. Phil- Agency Head Protests economy Sec Oar Fixture: Display he understood the Horsey plan I an address prepared for delivery 'lips said his ideas were for the Further Cuts Charging Dulles with seekingto M1-4J N, Mills. St. Pho. Z.S7U Budget the before members of the nullify "spirit and letter"of "he la not trying to come in here I fresh fruit end of the deal-but i local P-TA. the Governor said I I II the Potsdam agreement. Pepper [API) Exec TALLAHASSEE and run the whole industry- that he the deal changes proposed by the citi I thought canned of said he "knows" his plan is aimedat merely trying to sell more citrus would work tive Director Robert Barnett in harmony. >I zens' "are designed to help an alliance between "a reborn fruits and I'm for that 100 group I the Florida Council for the Blind BEST TRAILER SHOP per raise Florida's educational status C. C. Commander general man- j Germany with the West of Europe cent. from its present intolerably low ager of the Florida Citrus Exchange told the State Budget Commission and against the East. Repair. sad P.rU for AD 1,50 "-- It was Indicated that Honey level. told Dr. Phillips that in I yesterday the agency will have to I Mikes of Souse Tr.norPalaUallTops.AwUaa had agreed upon Invitation to However he added that though"Increased his opinion some of the fruit going cease accepting new cases if its Road 19 SurveyTo _B |an head the council and to help , up financial support is into cans was mterior"andLatt :requested 1948-49 budget request to form It drawing experience I UZI W. WathlBf. to* Dial MM upon trimmed further, necessary and will make a signifi- Maxcy Frostproof FCC member is Get UnderwayLAKE (Ion winter Garden Road) gained In a similar Job cant improvement in the schools. challenged the statement by, I The council asked approval fora advocates CITY rAP with Highway - in Canada the formationof it will not. of itself solve the prob- saying he did not think it is "becoming" budget of $693,595 for the coming - from five Florida counties the Canadian food distribution - The cabinet budget biennium. council there which had lem."The trouble with the schools for any grower or shipper"to I commission gave tentative appro- will meet here Feb. 19 to check Air Conditioned For Comfort worked on commodities. knock our product. But the on planning of the Fed- T Chairs Allures aapld Service many progress Is not that they subject to of and V are val to a budget $576.383 The Tampa processor who is politics-the trouble is that civic FCE boss came right back with: i I I'Gov.. Caldwell indicated yesterdaythe eral Route 19 project which would Manicurist Als. Available tlcuJ.' head of Dominion Stores Ltd. InCanada "I don't think you can fool all extend from Miami to CincinnatiThe inertia too often has left polities - retail the people all of the time." and !,, total might have to be still EOLA BARBER SHOPA. : large I -a grocery I in the hands of politicians meeting was called by the further chain has maintained that Florida' whereas it should be in the II that he did not want to be a par- I reduced. Northern division of the U S. 19 .. L. DickiBsom, PropOrlaado' Doorway to a Man's World problems in citrus revolve I' ty to "sending out bad fruit"Dr BBly air-ceaditioaed: shop hands of the people. I II t Assn.. which was formed in Ocala 22 E. Washington St. around merchandising and that I I "The State can spend more for Phillips in commenting Bok Tower Program last November. I t experts In this field should be i education. Only the citizens can I on his plan said that the consumer For Tomorrow Set I called in from the chain the voluntary make that expenditure yield malls needs protection-that I groups super-market organizations I mum dividends in results." the individual putting out a bad I LAKE WALES rAP] The following - can and container I product should suffer the con- program has been announcedby t manufacturers and railroads. He Carillonneur Anton Brees for i contends further that all of these II I Traffic Manager Asks sequences. I his recital at noon Thursday on I factors have a stake In the Flor- I Rate Hikes The Orlando man shied away at' the bells of Mountain Lake Sanctuary - ida citrus deal. Delay on first from the suggestion by Max 's Singing Tower: Murl E. Pace manager of Unit-I TAMPA rAP Frank E. Harrison cy that Dr. Phillips' attorneys I'' "The Lass of Richard Hill" Old !s-, ed Growers and Shippers Asm. Jr.. traffic manager of the should draw up a bill to double English; "Roses of Picardy" said that he would arrange for State Road Department asked the ad tax' on oranges and Implement Wood "Hearts of Oak." English t'4..Js' , Horsey to make a full presentation the Florida Railroad Com- his plan. Maxcy and At- song; "Andante," Gluck; "I Love ' of his plan to a meetingof mission yesterday to defer any in- I torney Bill Allen explained that To Tell The Story." Fisher: that group soon. tra-State rail rate increases on all suggestions for legislation "Beautiful Isle of Somewhere roadway materials. should come "from the outside" Fearis; The Son of God Goes Service Shoe Shop Declaring the department want- that the commission by policy Forth to War," Cutler; request Doorway to a Man's WorldSurretwill K ed to get as many of its existing could not adopt legislative proposals number; "Berveuse de Jocelyn.; " SHOE DYING contracts finished before any new or ideas-or originate bills. Godard. ; The Star Spangled Banner - rates became effective Harrison The advertising committee un- ---- --" - Gurat Work recommended if any increase were der Chairman Bill Story of Win-: 50 COLORS allowed it be delayed "as long as ter Garden will study the plan 1216 E. Colonial Drive possible and at least from 90 daysto and make further recommendations I t G six months." to the commission I s . \,.... ,.. L"y., .. ,...'.. .. .. ,. . "" . \, .,,.''" 'f.-'y'y .t-iF..::r .' x. "' ." .. ",. > .+ ::;,I. ,. .t.> _...1.>>.. .ff"r' '''' '''._ '' . . .rDUTCH t A QWESTFARES LOP s. r ASBESTOSROOFING : .j .4 I ' SHINGLES . [ 15,50 per sq. / L T. JERNIGAN SHEET METAL WORKS J; .- 71 Alexander PL Phone 7427 . . MORE LUXURIOUS AIR TRAVEL! : ALUMINUMROOFING 4'-- p s't : GREATER COMFORT! FREQUENT FLIGHTS! %-.' , Now Eastern offers swift, comfortable air travel See Your Dealer or .s at louestfares-one carrier operation-to many : -. Hardware Store r t important cities of the South, including. ": Profile Supply Go. 1- TMM1\ 1 br. 26 mm. S 9I 75i e 211 Distributors Butt St. i ; , a a i I 58 min. 650' INSECTSCan JCKSONVIU.E' I U a BOYT one of Central A FOUR-SIDED WARDROBEA Florida's biggest and best Exterminating 1 min. 4-250' tomers protected companies under $500 Cus- 8 brs.30 Bond. Licensed and insured. PH'lADElPHiA' ] For further information on x 1 rats roaches termites ants suit you'll wear for business, sportswear, etc. Call or write w \w 6hrs.47Uh111. 4690Shd. : BOYTEEXTERMINATING .1 NEW 18RK CO week-ending or evening skillfully I ..J&..,}. _Iltta 15" .Tsh 824 S. Main Orla.do TeL 9532 , f '" tailored by Rose Brothers from a versatile . 0 4: STARTS WORK IN AVER Call 2-2421 or your travel agent JDT Z tCOID$ g R ,4 all-wool doeskin gabardine specially ){ i aY ROsa aE0 aR0 ! ; EASTERN r fix BAYERCOLDS loomed by Pacific Mills. $45 .,,..OS urr llJjJ],It, i fIJf// ' k4.RK.. \'' : :,' AIR I LINES I 111GRE J5171 H.CI"C r' {. i pt SURRETWILL SLACKS $14.95 \ tHE E EEt BUSINESS I SPOtTfWEAt WEEK-ENOIN9 iYEMZUO, \ -:,''".,' ,' '. .- ER : T AL BOX TTTJ J "_- .. ... .. -,- - . -. ..: ',- .- <.."... ... -- -- -- -. - K ,"' 1f-.1J;< ,4; -6JY - . 'Zaharias-Walker Team Cops Medalist Honors ; ... . (JiJreM r Page 6 rlanin flUirning fyrnttrtrl Thursday, February 6, 1947 I ] --. Of 32 Pairs Enter ; -- ; By BOB!! HAYES Sportsmen Include Outboard !'Crislcr Fails Famed Boxing 1; Short Takes From the Two-Ball Tourney: It was cold at Dubsdread yesterday-cold as the devil. I wouldn't Mixed Two-Ball Demonstration on Rally CardThe Promoter III I have been surprised to have seen the golfers pitching their I : To For woods into a bonfire to warm hands, it was so chilly. Florida Outboard Assn. of Florida will give a Apply At MiamiMIAMI Despite the chilly weather, there was a helluva gallery First Round special demonstration of outboard racing at Bear Lake' . following Gee Walker the baseball player and Babe Zaharias. the Play tomorrow afternoon as a special feature of the annual rally TAP] Nate Lewis Chicago t woman athlete par excellence. It may have been either the brilliant and fish fry of the Orange County Sportsmen's Assn. California Post fight promoter suffered ;; golf or Babe's witty remarks that attracted the gallery. I B> CHAIUE WADSWOTHSentinelStar Lloyd Gahr the association's program chairman. I i a the IZth hole. Gee Walker's I cerebral hemorrhage Tuesday A I was on Funniest Incident saw [ Sports Staff I said Ransom Downes of ., f tee shot over the water hole fell shy of dry land by some 12 inches. Wise-cracking Babe Zaharias of president BERKELEY Calif. [API The night and was in critical condition . Babe :Zaharias tee shot was only about 14 inchest longer-two Denver. Colo. and baseball star Julia Landon 1 the local outboard motor racing University of California announced -;I at a hospital IBjscayneJ here t Walker took off hIs shoes I Gerald Walker carded themselves organization had arranged a half- . inches aboard land. To play the shot. yesterday Athletic Dir. H. G. yesterday. t:. and socks and rolled up his right Irouser-leg. A titter rose :' a shivering two-over-par 73 ;yes- hour program of exhibition boat- Fritz) CriSler of Michigan had i His physician said he was paralyzed - f: among the gallery as be exposed tone underwear in rolling up his terday to capture medalist honorsas Meets ing as a feature of the annual I in the right aide and was /II Tigers not applied for the vacant California - the sixth annual Florida Mixed Ii- troaser-leg. But Gee chipped-or splashed-out on the green in outdoor event. i I semiconscious but added that he r great chape. And the Babe champion that she is, calmly sank 1 1I Two-Ball Open Golf Tournament Gahr said the outboard motorracing ; football coaching job and believed that he had a chance to opened at Dubsdread Country that he was returning today to his pull through" but probably would about a 15-foot putt without even swearing. Here TonightCoach program would start at 1 Club.With home in Ann Arbor. suffer from paralysis * k the Babe "smoking 'em"by 4:30: p.m., when a fish fry and I I I ! There was a mess of baseball players out following the golf tour most of the men performers. Ty Smith's Orlando Tigers hush puppies are scheduled to I i The bursting of the Crisler.to- Lewis has been in Miami for r ney. In the vanguard was Mickey Vernon. Washington's star first Mrs. Zaharias and Walker pieced fresh from their 40-34 over- ''I California bubble gave credenceto about three weeks. , baseman and the 1946 American League batting champion. and his together a 36 on the out-going time triumph Plant Tuesday monopolize the program.In the belief that the Michigan Lewis. nicknamed the "Ole Bald arrived Monday; hasn't seen Clark Griffith yet to 'nine and came In with a neat 37 over addition to the motorboat athletic director and head football Eagle of Boul Mich by the late father. Mickey Other Washington baseball players in the gallery to roll home with a two-stroke night will play a return engagement racing GahV said there would bea coach came here primarily as an Damon Runyon is the last of the I . talk contract. I lead over the rest of a near-frozen with\ Julia Landon of Jack- casting tournament at 2:30: pm.. \ adviser on athletic problems. old guard fight managers. .; j field of 42 teams. sonville here at 8:15: pm. tonight. i an exhibition of pistol rifle. and All told. 32 of the 42 teams entered : Smith has indicated he would I shotgun shooting at 3;30 the qualified for the cham- pjn. : start Bob McGinnis and Doug ? jy pionship flight which begins first Fiedler at forwards Bummy weighing-in of catches in a fish- III 7 round match play starting at 11 Townsend at center and Hollis ing tournament at 5 pjn.. and the jq1qj4' : a.m. today. :McCall and Johnny Francisco (showing of three of Walter Phil- 1/l11 ; Due to the freezing weather only at guards against Landon to- ,lips' color movies of Florida out- 18 holes of play will be staged today night. ,door scenes. with 36 holes on the schedulefor 1is4 In a preliminary game at 7 pm.. tomorrow if the weather permits the Tiger "B" squad will meet MEANS LONGER WEAR . Ln doubling up on play to return I Johnson's Men's Shop of the city Bumby O'Brien the tournament to Its original loop. ' , Walt Masterson. Ed Levy. schedule. eluded Catcher Al Evans and Pitcher ; who to Toronto this year, was paired Yesterday's qualifying score was S STOP IN T former Sanford manager, goes 84 strokes but when the thoroughly SEr A HOT PACE: Babe Zaharias. with Flo Bobo-and Flo deserved a better break because Ed admits Stripp Cancels Meet for Title 7m chilled field trooped wearily who is paired with Gerald (Gee! FOR THESE CAR- his game was off. It was so cold and so windy, that all the gal'snoses I home three teams carding 86 Walker, the well-known baseball : I were red and leaking when they entered the 19th hole-where ,I scores. were forced Into a playoff. player. Is shown above demon M SAVING SERVICES I wuz. Margo Reilly and Jim Fownes won strating the form that enabled Bumby Hardware and O'Briens '. ,* this contest and moved Into the her to set the pace with her partner .Game Tonight Pharmacy tangle at 7:45 pjn today ' charmed circle of 32 teams. round %::; , Malcolm Davenport. Dubsdread owner and sponsor of the tourney in yesterday qualifying at Davis Armory in playofffor 'f"\ annual tournament had fallen through because 1 Two strokes behind the smooth- of play in the Sixth Annual Mixed a the : plans for paid stroking Zaharias-Walker entry Two-Ball Tourney at the Dubs I first-half honors in the citys I Joe Stripp yesterday called off match with i . else in the city was willing to expense money I' one no ( ' Kathryn Hemphill. Greens- dread ClubDaytona . were Country Class A League basketball honors. t 1m. That's a crime because the tourney is big time stuff and worth I boro. N. C.. and Herb Smith. Or- : the night baseball game tonight I f plenty to the city PoUy Riley. who is paired with Joe Ezar for the lando; Hope Seignious. Columbia, between players of his baseball Both Bumby and O'Briens won , tourney-and they might fool someone is a'sports staff writer for the S. C, and immy Nichols. the one- school because of the cold weather. five of the seven games scheduledfor ; Fort Worth Press. In fact Polly is supposed to cover the Spring base- armed trick shot artist from Ft. Gets I Stripp said the night game the first half to deadlock : ball practice of the Fort Worth Cats a Brooklyn farm club at Pensa- I' Worth and Mr. and Mrs. Eddie scheduled for tonight would be standings. cola this year. Bush of Detroit all of whom shot i played this weekend or early next Winner of tonight's game will ;, 75s. which was a cracking good week weather conditions permitting meet the winner of last-half play : Joe Ezar says his golf club the Piney Woods Golf Club. will be score yesterday considering the State Golf Meet for the City Class A League championship - obstacles the field faced. . k 'ready to go In three weeks. Peggy Kirk one of the better weather At 76 two highly favored I Stripp also said that Ted Mc- - , 'feminine golfers in the tourney graduated from Rollins in 1943. combines'were Betty Jameson of San Grew Chief Pirate scout would I Delaney and HiUcrest will meet ; JACKSONVILLE tAP The sign at least 12 of his players before in a preliminary grade school S ; i Shaeffer. r :Other Rollins golfers In the tourney Included Roseann Antonio. Texas and Ky Laf- Beach Golf and Country | the weekend game at 7:15. . Alike O'neal,. and Lee Bon tart. Probably the lowest backninescore foon. Orlando; Mary Morel and Daytona I I I - turned In was by Pro Roy Doran of Orlando Country Club Carl Dann both of Orlando as Club has been awarded the 1947 I I and Marian Lyon. who fashioned a 35. There was quite a gallery well as the surprising entry of it Florida was Amateur announced Golf last Tournament.night by Harness Officials I Two Newcomers .+: LUBRICATIONOur . Vis \ , McMUlin. Green Bay . following Jimmy Nichols the one-armed golfer yesterday-and with who Mary last year defeated Mrs. Za I Henry Camp of Ocala. "vice-presi I Arrive for VisitTwo experts know how and where to give reason for Jimmy with his left arm was belting powerful drives dent of the Florida State Golf I 1 Make..Appearance the National harias In Open those vital parts a thorough lubrication job; brilliant golf along with his partner. Hope Assn. membersof ;Sand playing tone and Phil Greenwald. Lakebluff more prominent Sell'n1ous. Ill. Camp said the Daytona Beach I the harness horsemen's world On Friday's Card using top quality grease for posl- The field was completed when layout was selected when officialsof arrived In Orlando yesterday asH I, tive protection against excessive $ 00 Joe Kirkwood. disregarding the the Lakewood Country Club of I I J. Scmoeger, president of the Appearance of two totally new i I 1 Prosecution Claims Graziano advice of his physician to "remainat I St. Petersburg prevously desig- Illinois Trotting Futurities and new-comers will headline the wear. home." notified tournament officials nated as the site of the tournament I Shelton McGralh secretary- weekly wrestling program to be he'd be here today despitehis decided they would be un- treasurer of the same organization staged tomorrow night at the ; - ! Knew Bribe Offer Was 'Serious'NEW ill health and would team up ',able to hold it on their course. I arrived here for an ex- Legion Arena Promoter Temple I U_ OIL CHANGE with Peg: Kirk of Findlay Oho a The tournament will get underway tended visit. Mason has announced Don't Jet heavy, gummy oil drain your battery - : when I Both watched the juveniles The two wrestlers who will former Rollins College student. Wednesday. April 23. YORK: [UP] Representatives of the District At Because Kirkwood and Miss Kirk the 18-hole qualifying round will perform at the training grounds 1, make their debut in the local I and slow-up starting. Stop in $of ft ft torney's office completed their testimony at yesterday's captured last year's tournament I I be staged and will continue I at the Livestock Exposition 1 arena include Al Sazasz. St. Louis. i iI for a change-over to light easy I not required to qualify through Saturday. i Grounds. I Mo.. and Al Galento a cousin of " hearing before the State Athletic Commission stating they were I'Tony flowing winter weight oil today. Galento. Orange N. J. yesterday. I In the 30 years the tourney has , iagain that Rocky Graziano knew he was receiving a"serious" .; been played this will mark the Broadus Casts Lot I I The card tomorrow night includes IS quart] 1 offer of a $100,000 fight bribe in December. round Team: scores: in yesterday Qualifying I i first time it ever has been held I' a 90-minute match between I . , Graziano's defense attorneys Mrs. Mildred Zahartas D.nvr.. Cole.. ,at Daytona Beach.Track With U. of FloridaJACKSONVILLE Sazasz and Les Welch; Galento and Gerald Walk.r. Orlando. M :37-73. I faces Charlie [Dynamite] Laye in . who are trying to prove that the Kathryn Hemphill. Greensboro. N. C- [rAP The the I Smooth . semi-finals. and Stop ' and Herb Smith. Orlando. 3* 3 75. Billy . middleweight challenger neglectedto HOP. S.i.ni.u*. Columbia S. C-. and Florida Times-Union said last [Butcher Boy] Williams takes on r' report the offer to the commission Sporting Jimmy 7$. Nrch.lt. Fort Worth T.x... :37 3*-- Honors night that Loren Broadus had decided Jack DeVault In the preliminary Po- Sure Stop , > because he considered it "onlya ..tty Ja......... San Antonio. Toxa. and to cast his lot with the Uni- bout at 8:30: p.mRutland's Brake Adjustment . 34 40 7CMr Ky Laffoon Orlando. - of Florida. versity joke." made only minor breaches and Mrs. Eddio: Bu.h. Chicago, 337 *- Orange County -75Mary. The sensational 155-pound tail- To Meet ;. in the stories of three witnesses BrevitiesMike Menl and Carl Dann both OrUndo. back of the local Andrew Jackson , . 37 7* $1.00 ; - r during long and savage crt>ss-ex- I Mary McMillan, Croon Bay Wi.... and 4Orlando Today I High football team accepted an OAAB Five Thursday I Phil O.ronwald Lakobluff. UU J3 -7*. amination. .. Iowa State I Polly IIi..,.. Fort Worth ,and Jo. Ezar: athletic scholarship from the State The Rutland's Clothiers in the Michaslke. 3' _77. TAMPA lAP The Sunshine j University yesterday the paper . Orlando. Class When the hearing resumes today A League will meet Orlando L , football coach, resigned yesterday Mary. Wall. M.nomenio.. Wiv. and C. C.Hvgtar. Park (Oldsmarl racing program I said it was learned from reliable AAB at 8 pm. tomorrow at the Our fast low cost expert feral 19 77. Orlando. 4O-37- ! In the State Building, the adjustment/ service gives . you 7' effective July 1 while at the same LOUIM Su... Lithia Sorma*. Ga. and today features the Orange County I sources. Orlando AAB gymnasium in the :. defense will attempt to prove Morton Bnoht.. Atl.nta.377.. Purse in the fourth race and the Broadus. selected for the All- New Area In an exhibition basket- brake you can rely en for . time NYU announcing the and Bruno safe 5 I was appointment -, MOM Ann Shoaffor. Mollm quick smooth steps sanvIl with its witnesses Rocky's attitude Minkley, Chicago 41.37-71Patty Orlando Purse in the fifth. I State High School team two con- ball game. Mgr. Freddie Caldwell " and : of Edward [Hooks] ..... .... I your tires may pro- Fort M" Flaand D.nny Chanticleer a newcomer to the announced toward the bribe offer. One Champagne. Orlando 4O-3S-7S. secutive years and one of Florida'srepresentatives i yesterday. Tent a dangerous cC'.id.rL ,.,.-, Mylin. former coach at Lafayette. oval. will carry top impost of 118 1 of these witnesses will be Dr. ,as head grid mentor Stan ,1 Sparrow.Sally Oallatin.Bradonton.Oainnvillo 41.39..SOMargo and Lloyd pounds in the five and one-half on last season's .- BASKETBALL RESULTS Come in today. ;SYM Newman the commission Musial, the St. Looie Cards' great Conthcr and AIv;. Hu...., ....thM..h. furlong firth race sprint while ; all-South prep squad will enrollin Purdue SI Illinois 42.Columbia . ... . , T.nn. 43-37-40. the Gainesville school today. S* Princeton 4* physician who reported that slugger feels he is entitled to a Mrs. A. S. M.II... NOT York and Jo. County Judge will carry 120 Holy Cress 45. Yale 31. Rocky had a "mild sacroilliae substantial increase in salary and Taylor. Sri.tal. T.nn. 40-41-81. pounds in the six-furlong fourth. Army 52. Washington and Jefferson. wet\\1 EXPERT GOODYEAR condition" before his Dec. 27 i Loo .0"' '''. Hollins. and Pete DyoH Orlando. Greco Rematched Navy 41, Bucknell H.ARROWHEAD . has asked for the same El- 41-40-SI. I fight with ,Ruben Shank was mer Riddle. Cincinnati pitcher :, Mrs. Thomas Nolan Now Castlo. Pa., OLDSMAR [APJ One Up captured WHEEL BALANCING and Cha,'". Collins. Lak.land' 42-3_1. With Freddie Archer the $1,000 Caribbean ,cancelled. whose arm sidelined him for a Alice O'N.al and Stockton It......., .both5.llns I purse SHOOTING ' who testified before 2.026 spectators at Sun- MONTREAL CUTS TIRE WEAR The three witnesses year. says it is all right now and Collogo. 44-37-81. I [API Johnny Greco #_p I Manon L d Hoy Horan. both Orlando shine Park Alfred J. ssnsan ;yesterday. nosing out yesterday were Canadian champion welterweight - he is for comeback , ready a 47'3S-S2. GALLERYSomething Scott assistant district attorneyin I has been Ema. Lou pnnce and .,.,.... PI..mon. |II Smiling Lass the favorite in a and Freddie Archer veteran $1.00 Frenchy Bordagaray . charge of rackets: Detective Lt. .both Gainosviilo. 43 39- 12J [ photo finish. Newark NJ. fighter were re- wheel !named pilot of the Greenville S. !. ..|> "_..i".. C............ Ohio and Pug I per DifferentWall William Grafendecker. and Detective AII.n. D.Land. 43 _2- i matched yesterday by Promoter John McNichols. C. club in the calss A Sally Lea- Kath.nno F_.... Cloarwator. Fla.., and MIAMI tAP] R. S. McLaugh- Raoul Godbout to headline a card and Court Streets (mod ozfre roof for we''..'.j : The four diflerences in testimony gue. Frank Strazxa. Groonwich Conn. 42 hns Imperator. a. long shot pay- i'at the Forum here Feb 17 Greco I- Out of balance wheel cause _ between Scotti. who spent ; Claude Passeau veteran Chicago -, (2Huth Woodward. Miami, and Jimmy ing $28.10 for two. won the $10,000 earned a close decision over Archer --. S f last. oice..iTO tread wear . i ,five hours on the stand Tuesdayand righthander will undergo sur- I Mann. Orl.".... 42-4O--S2.Babs added Bahamas handicap for in their first meeting here last S f make steering difficult and Bulpitt" St. Petersburg and Tony yesterday, and Grafendecker. gical operation soon to correct a MMrzwa. Pittsburgh 41-423. three-year-olds at Hialeah yes month. FLIGHTTRAININGfor 1 dangerous Sore your tires, who testified about an hour were back ailment Dave Ferriss Jo Ann Whitakor. Tallahasiee. and Jim terday. I IL.- 'I 4, make driving safer by letting as follows Red Sox hurler. has signed his 47 Loo Clara Jr. Mosack.Tallahassee.Detroit 43 4O and----S3 Elmer.: 'Prics- SecNav was second and Cellophane HOCKEY SCORES: I us balance rout wh..la new .. : Ill Grafendecker said that both contract. .*. The appeal of former korn. Orlando. 43-40-.*J. third The favored MichaelB I Buffalo. ,.i-l S. New*. PhiladelphiaHerthey Haven' t.St. S. VETERANSHOEQUIST Marion and John Harbough Cleveland fourth. ficottl and Graziano told stories manager Gus Brittain of the Wilmington. Wright, Orlando 43.41-S4. was 1. Pittsburgh 1 (tio). AIRPORT BATTERY RECHARGINGStop of the bribe attempt to District N C. club in the Tobacco Virginia Bartock. Chica., and Tony I Springfield 3. Cleveland 3 (tic). I Mon.rt. Ch",.,,, 41-43: --S4. CUBS DROP CATCHER I Montreal 3. BMtm 7. 40 st. & Rio Grand-Tel. 8625 with Atty. Frank Hogan whereas State League for reinstatementto Barbara H.......... Daytona Beach and CHICAGO [API The Chicago In and let UI pack your battery new .; Scotti's testimony indicated that baseball's eligible list was denied Jimmy Lentz. Daytona $Beach 444254.MarS. Well inspect it FREE- check it and Cubs yesterday released Paul Gil- power. Itiley Orlando and J. A. Fownes.Pittsburgh. only Scotti had told the story to yesterday by the Minor Lea- 1 44-42 KGeorgia Have Your AutoSTEAM lespie. 26-year-old catcher to the Hogan. gue Executive Committee. Billy MI''''.. Mi.mi. and ...rnPaar. charge it with the exact degree of' Oakland. Calif. club of the Pacific Caffin .. . Orlando. 4345Si.Dorothy TOM COXWinter 121 Graf endecker quoted Rockyas I McCarney manager of Joe Louis' F..t... Detroit, and Billy Oil- I Coast League reducing the GREASEDAt power for best service while you wait V | telling Scotti in the district at ...... . South American tour expressed Spnngfwld. III. 4S-43: -So.Joekio At Garden catching staff to sixLentz | torney's "you putting Low... Orl....... and Jam.. W or over night. presence. are surprise yesterday at reports that Paul Daytona Roach. 4S-43 -M. 1 I Famous Nationally words in my mouth. Louis' Venezuela exhibition mightbe Babe Wolf Hollins. and Tommy Parker, I MAYO'SComplete i New York a.-4 --*t. v.*. M M. Foster and 131: Graf endecker stated that cancelled because too much Hugh H.,.... Clearwater. and Louis Tom Carney. Motor Ckastls Steam 'I Men's Wear Graziano had identified one of the 12H.aM Wolf and Tom Parkas' Cleaaed and La'rKate4y IT M l asked for his Thibault. Clearwater 4S-42-Mi money was Tear 'Round Low Prices would-be briber's associates by the appear- H. Bobo. Orlando. and Ed: Levy.Whit. '.. Eleanor: Miller and AHM 1(1 N. Mate P'". tin ance. I nor. Canford M-4O SOI I _ Bryant. BUY WISELY same description that Scotti said_ I Herman Goodwin.. .Orlando, and Mimi Graziano had used in describing I'A.......... Rollins. 50-42-.2- GO FARTHER SAFER 1 the briber himself. Grafendeckersaid. Panthers, Johnson's'i.1 I'I Mrs. E. H. McFarland, Orlando. W. C. , Slack. Trenton N. J. S2-43I ' "According to Rocky that Win in Club Tom C.....,.. Orlando and M. M. Foster ON GOODYEARS . No. t briber had a No. 2 man and Boys LoopThe I I Fairmont. M4., _!SS.Eleanor . :" Miller Orlando, and AllanBryant a' No. 3 man with him on the sec Panthers trimmed Jackson'sSport Orlando, 52.I .-ga.I . ond visit to stillman gymnasium. Shop. 22-18. in the openI ' : Rocky described the No. 2 man asa big game of last night's Boys Club I,I 11-00 .-.-TODAY'S Peg Kirk PAIRINGS and Kirkwoodvs. vat $16.10 as .- _ tall. thin. smart-looking fel League play. The Marie's Res- j I'I Mrs.. T ."1.- andCharla. I . low." This was almost exactly taurant-Orlando Nursery tilt will 1147Polly Itiley Collins.and Ezar: I fjj//4 . Joe the description Scotti had quoted be played at a later date while I IJohnson's Jean Hopkins and Pug AI".vs... ATLANTICTODAY I Choose your new tires for ///// j 11:14Kathryn H_".11 and. Marl extra mileage. from Rocky as applying to the No. Men's Shop stretched j I 1 Smith .vs. Emma: Lan Princei safety and 1 man. their unbeaten string to four i Piemmons. T* service-and you'll choose - I 1 _:t-n'a::: r (41 Grafendecker quoted Gra- straight by virtue of a 26-18 win |I 11:21 Minkley ..... labs.'.. Bulpitt and; Bruno and /;: Goodyear DeLuxe. Sizes ziano as stating at the district attorneys I\ Tony Mienwa. ; over St. Luke's.Next : AlE are limited in these most- . EER office. "I've never thrown 11:35Mr. and Mrs. Cdd.: Bush vs.Alice /lND Wednesday's schedule finds O'Neal and Stockton wanted tires but we may a fight and I never will. "If Id _ It St. Luke's the Panthers and meeting of fought Shank. Id of knocked 11:3SMa" Agnes Wall and C. C. have yours. If not we'llkeep % : him out in a hurry." Scotti never and at Johnson's 6:30: ; Marie's Men's Shop Restaurant at 7.30': 'i I I Arnold Hegler vs.Minkler.Laddw Irwm and "t I you going safely! with 's : 1.1... mentioned any quotation like that.Today's 1: 11:42adtty Jameson and Ky Laffeo Goodyear Extra Mileage .. 1 . and Orlando defense Nursery and Jack- vs. Ruth Woodward. andJimmy witnesses in I addition to Dr. Newman will include son's Sport Shop at 830. :I 114Salty. Gallatin Mann. and Lloyd Sparrow .. .. .. ,y d I i Recapping or repairs. Rocky his manager. Irving vs. Marian Harbough and IJi: i- 'tj Cohen and Morris "Whittey" Mauriello in Win 11:54Saba John Wright.Zaharias and CeraMWalk.r - , I ..... - Bimstein. trainer Lou Bongard and Over Freddie Schott Pete._...Dye. i What is if that makes o ' 12:03t. Suggs and Morton , Contrary to popular belief the ; NEWARK. N. J. [API Tami I Bright ..... Jo. An. Whitaker them so good Extra age //I i:'; USE. fiUff) tONVINIENJ lASY P-4 })'tf hooves and horns of animals do Maunello. 203'2. of the Bronx and Jim Lee 0 12.1Mary McMillan and Phil not yield glue although the pith of pounded out a 10-round decision Grconwald ..... Marian Lyons Special brewing-Gen - horns and the interior of hoovesare over Freddie Schott 210'4. of I and Hume Roy vs. Horan Virginia Bartock andH *\ J uine Old Time grain, hops C1 ':: !"'" I., rrmr.;:::;; !.:_ I il,!, 4: ' sources of raw materials used Paterson; before 300C people last M......... \ ' in its manufacture. night in the Newark Armory. 12:17Ma.qa Cuntner and Ala. \I ISeioious '; i: and malt-light golden L. ' r Maraort color? them 1 - r 12:23Na.. and Jimmy 0 Try today i Nichols, vs. Mrs. A. S. Ml lea r' _ , VENETIAN BLINDS and Joe Taylor. and see what you think! 12.34Salty .*rg and Danny Champagne ' r r. ALUMINUM 3 Weeks- STEEL Delivery- WOOD 12:37Ma"Elmer: Mozel Priescom vs. Clara and* Mosack Cartl DannKathenno and : : OO ; 4 t AWNINGS; TRAILER CANOPIES TARPAULINS; Foster and Frank ROBERTS BROS. CO. 12:44Ga.ra Strazza. Miller : 300 N. Orange Ave. Phone 4113 -- and BOTM . I Powers ..... Margo Bully and 0 Ala.o. CarNo..Gt.a.. .N.r.a,O.-la.4. - ?M W. SMITH ST. PHONE J-WO: J. A. F__ ", "' . ' . ....... : ,MJ'\ ; ;Ib : .: : 'u .F &z.s&'H' H. and Jimmy : !; if'1ijo; ; --. -,.. .. I It. I- "- H . 0 d i __ _ - -- - <''I,.-, ,', -, T..-' ","-- '. -- -- = +. ,- '-; ., -, --"'>:"0'- ,- -- '. "T".r"':. -. H --.....--' ' Obituaries cessive amount of acid and solid r Thursday February 6 1547 (rlan&n fi-mttefl 7 fllrmttng Page I Huttig Named MRS. EDWARD F. KEEBEL I House Trailers matter content in the. plant's citrus - died waste, which was damagingto Keezel. 75. Edward F. Mrs. Wednesday at her home in Win- I I the sewer system. I adequate. Chauncy Horsley was a ter Park. R D. Robinson general manager Kiwanis President Barter Players | charming and unaffected hero. Head of WingJohn She was born In Lawrence, Kan. I Must Pay FeeAll of the Dr. Phillips Co.. ad- I Tom McDermott, who was the She and her husband moved to mitted the condition existed and Byronic soldier of Shaw's "Arms Winter Park 35 years ago. 'expressed willingness on the partof and the Man" provided a witty Mrs. Keezel was active in the house trailers within the to !I Youth Get Hand N. Huttig of Orlando was I parked company co-operate in Speaks on Big and pleasant Claudio Gordon Woman's named State Wing Commander'of 1 Congregational Church the the city limits of Orlando, except solving the problem which he said Sommers Leonato Elizabeth as ;: Club and other civic organizations I had existed for years. the Florida Air Force Assn., at an until about 10 years ago ,, those in duly licensed trailer He added that lime to neutralizethe j Warnings to fathers "to get in tune with your boys ifyou're ty CHARLES STEEL i Wilson as Ursula Mary Hayden as organization meeting of about; 30 when she was stricken with bad '*camps, will be required to pay a acid condition had been usedin going to have a part in youth today" and to the public Despite last night's inclement Margaret all were natural and health. service charge of $2 month I the I former members of the Air Forceat per liquid waste for years and audible. She is survived by her husband. under provisions of an ordinance that the city's test probably mas ;, that "Communistic activities are more active in this weather a fair-sized audience was the Orlando Army Air Base I Edward F. Keezel: one daughter, adopted by City Council yester- made at a time when the liming I country today than at any other time," were voiced here on hand in the Winter Park High On the other hand, Joan De- yesterday. Miss Florence Keezel: three sons.I I process was unbalanced. last night by J. N. Emerson, president of Kiwanis Inter- ,School Auditorium to see the Bar- ;Weese. who had stolen the showon Walton McJordan was made I, Com. James E. Keezel of Winter I day.Effective Representatives of the State I national. JW ter-Theater the preceding night as Loukain secretary Dr. Joseph Keezel and Her- immediately the ordinance "" present Shakespeare's"Much and treasurer as plans Park. Board of Health explained that I demonstrated I Speaking at the joint meeting of Shaw's play merely - Philadelphia and is to all Ado About Nothing The were outlined for the organization bert Keezel of applicable persons the disposal of citrus waste had .. of squadrons throughout the four grandchildren. ''I now holding temporary per- been a problem of the citrus can- ,,11 Kiwanis clubs in this Fifth Winter Park Kiwanis Club was that the star under which 4 State. Funeral arrangements, whichare mits for the parking of house- ,i I ning industry for many years and Florida'Kiwanis District sponsored sponsor of the production. Beatrice danced was that of Ruth I Gordon Tchekhov's Three Sisters - Organization of a Florida wing pending arrival of relatives trailers; however, permit holders' predicted that eventually most by the Orlando club the Pullman. Owen Phillips who staged the ," And in who r Herbert Nelson , of the National Air Force A nan.,, from the North. will be announced I will be given 15 days in which to i plants would be forced to install .a play, to believe I, : Wash, chain store merchant was appears in a highly had been so successful as Capt Marvin Pittman Funeral at the clerk's office for the apply was urged by Gen. James H. Doo- later by city their own disposal systems. stylized production. The 1 sets little, national president. Membership Home of Winter Park. re-issuance of permits In com- I I I Commissioners said their action Introduced by State Sen. N. Ray made no pretence to reality Bluntschli, suggested that his previous - ; had been a masterpiece acting will be open to all former pliance with the ordinance.The I I was a precautionary measure Carroll, district gqvernor, of Kls- make-up was heavy FUNERAL SERVICESFor I ; every action of type-casting members of the. Air Force. Including $2 per month service against further damage to the simmee. suggested the Italian theaterof Mrs. Henrietta Schwartzwill I Of the clowns including Dog- officers, enlisted men and charge for the time the permit is i sewer system pointing out that I Referring to the Kiwanis art. be held at 5 pm. Thursday in effect is payable at the timeof I I J spon- berry, it was more fair to refer WACS. from the Fairchild Funeral Home approximately ",000 was spent 1 cored youth program EmersonI There can be no doubt that them to Hamlets lines: "And let Attending the meeting were rep- with the Revs. William Constable authorizes application.the city The clerk ordinance to Issue I about'I a year ago in repairingdamages I said "Too many times our men in the audience liked the performance i i those that play ;your clowns speakno and Wilna Constable officiating.For I resulting from citrus I the youth program are not in tune : there were seven curtain more than is set down for them. Mr. Morris B. Myers will be the permit on a temporary 90-day; wastes. :with the ;youth of today. The a calls. The well-known antagonisms For there be of them that will: Gleason & BrooksAuto held at 3 p.m. Thursday at the basis.Permits I Robinson declared that mostof things that happened when you of Benedick and Beatrice themselves laugh to set on some Fairchild Funeral Home with Dr. are renewable for the solids were now being mere a boy wont work on your were! welcomed with laughter barren spectators to laugh too, UpholsteringSpecial Louis Schult officiating. another 90-day period upon reclaimed and it was the com boys, so don't try on your boys and applause. Old war-horse. of though in the mean time some This Week ,, C AA For Mrs. Katherine M. Uraitis written application and pay- pany's idea to reclaim all solids that thing called 'When I was a the theater that*it is. the play necessary question of the play be JEEP TOPS .,JA3 e UU will be held at 2 pm. Friday at ment of the service charge, providing and utilise them in by-products, "boy.* was news and fun to a great then to be considered." Black or Tan Topping the Fairchild Funeral Home. there has been no change adding that if present experiments I "Too many of as are not optimistic many spectators. Seats Rebuilt and Recovered in facts stated in the original are successful it was believed I mouth to have a part Nevertheless, an old-fashioned: Get Started In the Mornings application. that both the acid and in youth" he said. "Too of many Shakespearean student like 101 20t St. rbM, 3-1552 resentatlves of all sections of the It was pointed out that "The I solid content would be removed. ourselves TM _'t fit ani to tknw Mta1.K v.. us are pessimistic and there is viewed\ it with some misgivings ._ ., kmrttMWtU. .. . ordinance is not to be construedas I Representatives of the govern i no place for pessimism in youth. Why did the Barter Thea- ,.... to UM.sit.}w..Ie....*.;i* iretaWi. w >.* an amendment to the municipal ment's citrus experiment plants,I ter prefer the i ttaf..*. II;'..",. "ow....* Mto tftram "A of 10 of time-honored boy tell the dean Cam- can FREE CHI KB HI SE State.IseTheth zoning ordinance or otherwise repealing however, could not estimate the J. N. EMERSON I. ... i< ".ltM-. *.* LAW Mmtte .*. bridge text to that .. .. = I education of any college some of the late I rtiMlMt. O..1 M r.re ... tile - BREATHE FREER Il or affecting any of the I amount of time necessary to com- things to think about, and he has addresses Kiwanlans G. L. Kittredge Why was the .f VM, Try w._'. Rid LM May At Put two drop Penetro Nma provisions of the City Plumbing. plete experiments. ideas too. If dont'believe 1" cutting so peculiar? Why q. ntirf. T.4" .. f arMtM4 aia.tea .r ilea t.n (1.... plata wish ... cmklM some good you was Act .. Drop ra each nostril at bed .... ONE application lot like ... Electrical or Building Codes. It In regard to the present prob- it, get into conversationwith I organized so that people will come V. scene ui. omitted m its entirety ' time. Cold swollen nasal .rcka.r.lt. cIoew........ shall be construed as being of an lem. Dr. W. O. Gordon of the . membranes shrink and you ....... Try 0-an..r...... -'-lledI character adopted to U. S. Southern your boy-don't argue with I to their way of thinkIng. When we ? Why were so many lines intelligible - feel better immediately as IJ" """.. ...tic Iu_Na...iats. emergency Regional Research him for he'll out argue you-and start thinking about things we enJOY to students of English Castle Works restful sleep is invited. Us.4ab meet a temporary public necessity. Laboratory, New Orleans here in (I you'll see you've got to get into and want to keep let's get our ,318 (the Shakespeare course at Pine Variety M directed. 9 sixes. .t} STOCKS: Mimed: ....... U ........... Alice .lAId m A Stl DriT3 179 178 178 Lot Tel & Tel 6017 163 h 18,. Potatoes, Red Bliss It 24 : 'i i Tan- I| | COMPANY BOMBS' : Steady] selected rails .....a_ AU -cb MlIZl 38 V4 38 38 JObn.MaD.me 5 13534 134 134 l 50 lb. sx. Bs and As 2.90-3.50 .- C Or- Gr.... ..,- Mixedn9e 9Vi HAm // fruit inrs Citru; M S. Ave. TeL 1.310 COTTON Higher; mill lluyi_ Am Airline 54 I'* Orange Jo ok L Stl 37 37 37. I IVVMCATl Cable A Bad 18 "". "4 7s 373. Radishes. 5 doz. hpr. 1.75-2.00 Baltimore ______-__ 2 __ __ .. CHICAGO I .. 3 97 97Car ItKennecott Boston _____ __ 8 __ 2Buffalo ; Am Con MJt Squash. Yellow bu. hpr. 6.00-7.50 u Weak .n prefit; takg. I CoP __ 20 4941 48" 49 . = S3V. ________ 2Cleveland __ __ An "Pdr: 8 54 53J - CORN Lawer with __L jKr08er Co u_ ;3 UI'a 474. UL.'Laele'de Sweet Potatoes bu. hpr. 2.00-2.50 __ __ ( 0 _ ._ ethers I Am A For Pow 1$ 5 4 6\ J- Uu 4 G cQ } tower.HOGS OATS. Near-by deliveries( steady Am&P2PI._ t 23 S3V, 23% Gas __ 9 6& 6 6.iLehlnh Tomatoes, 40 lb. crate 5.00-8.00 Columbus. 0. ----_ 1 __ __ __ : 29 to 59 cent hi..herj tea 52S.2S. Am Loco 1oU,.. 13 28H 28"28'11 C & N .n n__ 6 11'.a 11*. lla Tomatoes lug ... .. ... 3005.00 L-ii Detroit .u___ 3 ._ __ _. " 14S ; te Am Pow Lt 40 14*. 14H ... I.. \ New Haves 1 __ _. LlIM>-P Glass CATTLE 25 to 50 cent bwherj > 8 57Vi 56Vi 56HUbby. .uu 12740. : Am Red St 8 88 111 H 18 16V, : McN & L ._ 42 lOVtLiggett 10 10"- Oranges, box ....h. .... 1.65 : .., / I New Yotk City u__ 17 8 __ __ I THEQUINTUPinSJwaya Am Roll Mill 18 36*. 36V* 3CV > & My B ... 5 943. 9344 941. Grapefruit box 1.75 = -- \\1 ,- /7 Philadelphia _____ 3 __ __ IAlD8m.I''R._ 7 id :MS 56 58 -' __ __ _. - Lockheed Aire 13 18 17'". 18 Pittsburgh u 3Providence I this grtat rub for Automotive -u box usa NEW YORK tAPl I Am 8U Pdr* 25 35% 35 351sAm Loews Inc ___ 28 28 25*. 25'. Tangerines. 4/5ths 1.35 _-_ 2 __ chares registered gains ranging to Am Tob Tel *B Tel_- 22 9 174H 84S 174H 84 174S 84S Ixirillard. (P) _u__u_ 6 21\1'. 20*. 204Mack Temples. box 4/5ths 2.00 1i IIJQE Washington. O C. 1 I COUGHS'A'COLDS M Held lor" reconsiinment.: Potomac Yard more than two points to provide 4 56V, 55V4 56Vi'Am Notice- Am Viscose __ Truck n_ 10 54 li 53 54 Vi 8 a.m. yesterday oranges, 1 grapefruit. the feature of a narrowly Irregular Wst Wlu 21 17S 17S 17V, Mod (RHI __ n_ 17 40 39V 40 Turnips doz. bun. 0.75-1.00 \ CA8E ew MU ,,Am Woolen .....172 39V 38 V, 40 38S Marine Midland .._ 16 81, 8.. 81.Marshall Turnips, bu. hpr. 1.25 : CARRIED CHICAGO LIVESTOCK lilli.tEll. stock: market yesterday. An&cond0COP 41 4OS 39S Field u__ 20 33'. 321. 33*. CHICAGO lAP lUSDA) Salable hoc 4.- Armour fc Co ___ 57 13'/. }3S "SAsad _____ All pnces same as yesterday. FroM 'TOOF The enthusiasm for motors attributed > 19Vii I II' { Martin (GL 5 32', 32 32"'. 500. total 8.SOO; aU weights and sows 25- Dry Goods 24 zd 19V4 18 4 Mid-Cont Pet 8 36'. 36'. 36H .R BAcK.-; higher with Tuesdaysaverage 50 cents compared << to brighter hopes engen- ,' AleS T & 8 F 11 94's 934 94HAll nu - I' 54 V4Atl Mo-Kan-Trias .n_ 11NashKelTinator 7" "'. 7Montcom '. COTTON CLOSING ; bulk aood and choice 18O-29O; by General Motors' return Coast Line 5 S4S 54 W.rd __. 48 62". Ill". 62Uuzr.y ". 25.00-2525. 25.25 25O-32O: jdered pounds top : Vi 38 'I EPlIDIUS 18 38V. 37 NEW YORK (AP) Influenced by the dividend rate and .u_, 24 24 Corp: uu 14 144. 143. 143. pounda 24 25-25: : 00few around 250-260:; to a higher Atlas Corp 10 24V. N strong statistical picture cotton futures prospects for Congressional action I Aviation Corp 46 6 1. 6% I'/. ... 98 1118.%. 19 ended higher yesterday by 4S cents to I pounds 20752125.25.10-25.15. good and choice .ow. I Nat Airunr ____ 1 14'. 14V4 S1.65 a .bale.. Daily Citrus Auctions JE MU i Salable cattle 7.0OO. total ".000; salable G .on labor laws. failed to infect Bald Loco 18 J3V4 23 23V4 Nat Auto Fib _, 13 133. 13>s 13H After registering gains of almost $2 a - t other sections of the list. Profit-I Bait Ohio 34 157. 15V4 15,. Nat Biscuit ._ 24 32 31*. 32 I, bale in early dealings the market dipped. 11AM GESSierida i ErffiS0111 ?ss a a Nat Can .___ 37 13Vi 13V. 13Vi somewhat on commission house profit tak.i I I.t. HOW TO GET A STASIS .td. loses Tongs taking laid a heavy hand on many 4 ; KIt Cash Rt ___ 6 40 39>. 40 i ing. and soon afterward resumed its upward ._ :OLD 5. an CalU '" RS. MlSRIU 38 cour*.. W\rebd tad -IN JUST 4 SECONDS Nat Dairy Prod .._ 11 recent favorites although it was s-rF-oS-LzziS a 34H 33'4 34HI .., aj o 24' Comm..n h.ue "Iacent Hmandw. I IrmIIJEJIPhome :: Get : I Nat Distillers 29 2U. 20'21 famous i readily absorbed and some Improvement Beth Steel 32 97S 1160 4 I I Nat Gypsum: ____n__ 11 24'. 23'23.*. attracted by the continued firm situation CITY.-Market term Ca,. A*. Or A* Car *, Can A. ('.ro.o i s.per-ap.edy relief mtciiftium CM, foe t BUw-Knox SO III" 19'. 19ViBoein __ in cotton goods and forecast. that New York City: flower ___u___ 28 240 31 292 17 3 7Sa 13 1.74 feces eui4 esi.er1.g. Ca.. , Nat Lead 9 34' 34V 344.Nat leo la II deal- : first ano *ive us a L Uon1 Iake appeared In late nn ouly d4re.cted Airplsn ... 11 20. 19>,4 20 { Pow ft Lt 9 li. H, 11.. farmers' cotton plantings this year w.1Ifall Boston leaslrrl un 3 2.28 2 245 1 3 54 7 3.74b 1 2.03 to Take aa ings. Some prominent rails ex- 'Borden Co n___ 16 44 V% 4 44 I Nenl Corp n__ 1 22.. 2222% short of the Department of Agriculture's Ptttsburth <(lower< ) ______u__ __ --- 2 259 1 2.97 4 380 1 2 99 Come in :by appointment SIKD: Bore-Warner 10 48 Vi 47't 48 ,Newport Indust u 4 32V. 32 32 ,ea''. One private forecast placed Cleveland (higher> __________ ? ___ S 344 ? ... 3 3 98e 2 1 54 cash with you. $23- -$300Ave.p0l,0 t. COLD PREPARATIONS tended Tuesday's downturn. BranUf Airw 19 12 11H 12 I NY Central RR.n 111 2H. 20'. 20T. plantings for th. 1947 crop at appro.i. Chicago (unchanged) _________ 3 305 ? --- 9 3 88d 2 2.04 I. ttJat! Chrysler drove through the 100 Brig.. WI U 1% 38,. S5BnlOT NY Chi & St L PI 3 97 116'1. 96V4 maNly 19.SOO.OOO acres. an increase of St. Louis isteadyi .n_________ 2 2 56 _u 4 4 08 1 1o 01 LIQUID of 2 1-4 Budd Co .__ 14 \ ''No AnsAviation. ... 22 10V. 9>4 9V about 7 per cent compared with the Government's Cincinnati mark: with a gain points Watch 4 37 36 V4.. 37 North 'AlDer Co ... 38 31' 314'. 31*. recommendation for a 27 percent Detroit ihicherl .__________ 3 3.18 7 404 close at 101 3-4: General Mo- Burlinc Mills __ 28 20 1. 20 Northern Pacific .. 59 21*. 20V 2lOhio i. increase over 'last year. There was Baltimore irregular; ) ____._____ I 213 1 253 1 241 1 382 --- --- -- ito was ahead 1 7-8 at 63 5-8: Burr Add Mach 24 1SH IS*. 153.CsltI I o further evening-up in the March 1947 delivery Totals __ n' 4 2.24 :56 264 34 292 54 2.87 21 1.83 : C Oil __n_ 12 23Vi 23 23 and switching into later months. Market term: irregular; b-lower> .c.-s teady: d-higher.eRArt . Willys-Overland 1, at 12 7-8; P5cking4.. 2 29 Vi 29 V4 29 ViCsll Omnibus Corp _hu 3 13H 13Vi 13UOus anticipating first notice day for March mulltSed 'I .hsn ZoU.d 39 3'. 3V* 3'uCan i Elevator ____ 7 31V, 3H. 31'. contracts. ' Southern Railway 1 3-8 at 47 1-2 Dry O Alt 13 164 111"111". i Owens-Ill Glass ... 11 78 77 77 Open High Low La.t >d> , .'and American Can 1 at 97. Jsnad Pseltle 11 14 V% 14 14% P March 32.36 32.54 32.33 32.5O-S3 up 3O-33 Florid..... Ind Rtv I Cone Corp 10 US 18 18 Pac Gaa ft Elee _.. 13 42 41'i 42 May 31.41 31.64 31.4O 31.ST-S8 up 32-33 Btd Bn: ,.Wlrebd h.urv. JEATERS A brief late flurry in extiles Case (JD Co ____ 4 37S 37V4 37% Pac Tm Cons 6 5T/s 5'. 5%, July 29.47 29.70 29.42 29.60 up 21 Cr A. >T. .O' '. -- ( nn New York City {flower _____ ______ __ few 1 80 2 2 10 Caterpll Tractor 1 63 V4 63 63 ___. Oct. 27.05 27.23 26.98 27.O6 UP 13 u Woolen 3 1-8 'at Packard sent American Motor 534 7V4 67V.. up ________ _ i Celanese Corp 28 20.. 20 20V.\ Pan Am Airways 35 12* 12". 12.. Dec. 26.48 26.57 26.36 26.38 up 9 Boston IlrrECularl _________ __ __ h 2 2.24 . 138 7-8. and Wyandotte Worsted Cent Foundry ._ 1 129. 12% US I IPar.m Picture --. 61 291. 28'. 2851 March (194$) !I|1 Pittsburgh Cleveland: (.Irregular. )_:=:::==_=== =::::::=: = = = =: = :== I I ahead 1 3-4 at 16. Others improv- Cerro de Pas 1 33 33 33 Park Utah Con K 10 44. 3 3". 26.12 26.12 25.96 2S.02n up 13 ----- Certain-Teed Prod 17 19't 19 a. 19"Che. I I I Parke Da-is ._ 8 40 U 40 40 UI Middling spot 33.15n up 25. nominal. Chicago nn_ nn_________. ________ __ :. ___ SHEET IRON )25 lng were Packard. Gimbel Bros.. Ohio 18 52' 52V. 52 S St. Lows I Patina Mines 1 12'12 12'I - I nu ==::=::= __ ::::=:= = :=: = =: :: :== $ }U. S. Rubber Sears Roebuck Ken- Ch M 8p & Fae .n 54 13S 13V 13S Penney (JCPennCent ) __ 10 48 4n. 48 NEW ORLEANSAPCotton futures advanced Cincinnati flower) - Chi NW 21 24S 24 24V\ Aid _n_ 2 14 14 14 here yesterday on mill and interior Detroit ____.JT,____mj_____ ________ ___ __ _-_ ._ --- ALL SIZES UP necott Air ReductIonCoitInen- Chrysler Corp ___ 64 101,. 99 101. Penn RR ___n 48 26V4 26 26 buying, along with short covering. The Baltimore lower) _______________.____- __________ ___ - - i tal Motors Westnighcuse Electric C.LT. Flnan 5 47S 47'i 47S I Pepsi-Cola __u. __ 40 29... 29'a 29 H I market closed steady 60 cents to 51.25 a Total _-_nnU___________. --- -_ ___ ___ few 1.80 4 2.20 ; t Coca-Cola 3 154 152 Vi 152 Vi Pfizer. Chas & Co S 58H 57 Va 58 .bale higher. CHAPtFIIUITte t and Eastman Kodak.: Colcste-Palm-P 18 48"4 47V 48Vi Pheips Dodge ..23 40>. 4OV4 40H Open High Lew Close !lesCITV | New York: Central was activeI Col Fuel A Ir 35 15S 15V. 15l. 1: Phila Elee ---- 20 26 25S 25'. I March .. 32.38 32.54 32.32 32.SO up 31 -Mark.t Term. ind R.a '..a, : Colum O El 43 US 11V4 US ';Philco Corp -- ._ 9 2127 27 la May 31.40 31.63 31JC 31.SS-5 up 29 Std Boxes Wirohd o-.-, Bn...y $8.95 among the rails closing down 5-8 Coml Credit 7 411 V. 4SS' 46V4 1 Philip Morris 18 42 41 42 July u- 29.41 29.C4 29.40 29.S3-Sy up 22 New York City flower) _________ .. ? few 2 27 14 2.95 If ELECTRIC I at 20 7-8. Dow Chemical slipped Corn Solvents. u. 33 25 Vs 24S. 24SComwlth 'Phillips Pet 28 xd 571. 564 564 Oct. ._ %S.H 27.15 2'.9S 27.06-07 UP 18 Boston IIr..utarl _________ __ ___ 1 2 06 5 2 M ..... Edu 31 32 31 32 Pressed 8U Car ... 23 15'. 15 U.. Dec. 26.34 26.4O 26..4 26.41 up 12 Pittsburgh irregular) ______, ___ few 2.90 3 2 01 3 7-8 to 171 18. and Bethlehemi ColosSUs South 89 3T4 3S 3% Procter Gam ... 6 62Vj. 62 62V.Pub I -bid. I IFLO.'DA I Cleveland -------.z.._________ ___ ?? ___ __ __- 6 220 was off 1 3-8 at 97 1-4. Also lower Con* Kdlson 31 sd 29S 29 29 IOn MJ __u___ 14 24Vs 24Vi 24V. Chicago ____ '._. ___ 6 2 OS j. u----- -- -- - Con Vuite __ 28 16'. 16 163'sConS Pullman _u_____ 11 604 bO1.. *O*. FRUITS I I : . ., were Baltimore &; Ohio. Chesapeake Coot Cn Elk _____.__ 14 17 42'III'.. 42S 18 Vi 184.42S Pure R oa __nu__ 15 23H 23 _3eRadio i JACKSONVILLE (AP The Federal-State St Louis flower; :=======-_-= == ::: 2 1.67 ------1 3 2 167Cincinnati 09 . .... & Ohio. Johns-Manville. Oil Del- _- 22 39 S 39V. 39 SCorn Market News Service early New York market ;- Detroit -- _-- ._ 5 2.38Baltimore Coat - Corp 58 9'. . ....f ; American Smelting U. S. Steel. Elch.ne 1 S9V* 59V* 59 SCorn Raoio-K-Orph u_ 26 15'. 15 9H 15 9 on Florida fruits and vegetables: l I. flower) =====-"===:::=:::==:: __ ___ I'l30! ' nU Snap Beans bushels Valentines 4 'OO-4 SO. Totals ___________ 3 180 19 2.83 30 2.11 Product 10 73 72 73 Renung Hand ___ 8 39-*. 39'. 39', nnU -- --- ' American and u Telephone Western Crane Co __ 7 38's 38 Vi 38S Repub Avia 22 8*.. 8V. 8V. few 3.75. poorer quality 1 75-3 SO. bounti- ---- -- - -- -- -- I Union "A." Crucible Steel 4 33S 33 V. 33 S Repub Steel 60 28'4 2o-. 28 M fills few 200-275. plentiful 3 00-4 00. I Bonds Curtiss Pnblisht !M 12 V4 12 12 I Revere Copper if Br 18 23.. 22'. 2JV.Reynold 'poorer, quality: 1.75-2.50. few 275. Wax GRAIN RANGE I DUN AND BIIADSTIUIET STOVE PIPE Cotton closed . were narrow. 4.OO-4 50.Cabbaee Curtiss-WrUht 12 II'. S II Tob B _'_ lIi.. 4Va 44 CHICAGO (AP NEW YORK (UP Dun and Bridstreefs 45 cents to $1.65 a bale higher. Cutter-Hammer 4 28 S 28 Vi 2851Deer. 50 pound sacks Domestic Round : I Hi4i Low Close dally weighted Index of 30 baslrcommMities Open O Safe ay Store _.. 26 22*. 22'. 224 type 100-ISO poorer .50-.75 IVj bushel price Wheat at Chicago was off 1-2 to & Co -. 12 38 3B 39 bttMst Ainu ___ 3 ll Jat 10?. hamper It-ay 2.SV-2.7Z. Whaf: compiled (or: tlolted. "T ..& ,,1 5-& c nt& .L b\ hel; wm 1-4 to Oct g. 'ctoco = S 43 4t': 4V'I &chei_> 9 Diilll _h'n 2J ...>. *.7"be.rl 4s 1 CTTOV V. T"'I> '_t>_en DOOT 1Ivs\;, }May,liST. ___. 2.flV.20t. 275"20l,, 2 199''"'7. 237 2OO, 11930-32: average equal too I: and 1 27. Del Lack Weft 1' 10 .'. 9S I __ n Koebucsl 1U isH 3"H, 14V ___ ? \ 24032Yesterday / 5-& lower and oat&mchanged to n 16 inch crates Goltfenheart fair July: ... 1854 I66'e 184. 184'. Today n ELBOWS Detroit Edison n 14 27 26'. 26'. bervel Inc .._ ID lb->. 16V. Ib'aaneil .Ctlerr ;: __ _____ .. 81937 \ to Rood quality 2'. dozen few .25. dozen Sept. _.. 1 81.', 1.82 1.80!. 1.80' : 5-8 down. Out Con>-8eas .u 31 IS1 18\. 16S bn.on Oil u. 17 29;, 29\, 29-m 3 Week, Ato' ____ ... 23V39 Dome limn ._n 11 19'. \9'. 19%. Sunmons Co 40*. 3VH a SSinciau 3.5O-4SO. 4 doirn 3 SI-4oo. le-w poorer Corn: Month .. .. ___un TJp fractionally In the curb were Doucla Ainra/t .- 2 72 S 72 S '72 SDreeser ') : ; Oil ==== 18 l.H 1.-. I.*'. 3.00. 6 dozen 3.00-4 00. few poorer 2 SO Mar. 1.33. 1.331.323.. 1323... A Ago,to __nuhU. 244.27Year 18369 Creole Petroleum. Kaiser-frazer. Indlist -_ 14 21S 21 21..... aocony Vacuum ...132 Iii..... 147. 1$... / 8 dozen few 3 00-3 25. poorer 2 00-2.25. May __n_ 1.31'. 131>. 1.30" 1.31 1947 Hih (Jan. 4) ___nhn__ ___ 24453 duPont lie M 10 191 190- 190LIsted SouAmU& P ... 5 4'. .,. 4*. < 10 dozen few 2.73-3.00. poorer quality: 1 251.75 July: ____ I 2051 1.2g11 128*. 1 257. 1947 Low Uan.. 23) uu___ 23280 IiI Sizes-Best Qualify and Kirby Petroleum. Laggards IF Sou Cal. bfllsott 2 32-. 32H: 3U-*.. 'I Pascal" type 2-U-3 down 325-400.: Sept. dn_ 1.261.26'. 1.$!. 1.26 nh included Barium Steel. St. Regis : Air L 17 19Vi 18% 111E..tm.a Southern Pacific __ 52 4jV, 44H 4.9.buu.Orrn 4 dozen 2 50-3.50. 6 dozen 2.OO-2.50. 8 doi- Oats : t Kodak __ :2 229 229 229V __ en 1.50-2.00. 10 dozen 1.5O-2.OO. XXs jew . S ! Ry: 18 47Va 4b 47 aiSoulnern I Mar. ___ We 1 6 V4 ,5'. 16'. Paper and American Gas &; Elec El Power & Lt 29 IBS 174 18 Ry: PI __. 2 la 75 75tparu 1.50.Celery; May n .,9'. 70 69, 69'. INCOME TAX Emerson EI M 5 13S 13S 13""'. _.. Cabbage Eastern crates few 250. : tric. Turnover of 450.0"shares Witoing 47 7 b 7V4 , July: 62 62" 62' 82' Erie Rft 39 12"12 12S bperry: Corp u__ 10 21-s. 21 v.. 21V. 1 16 quart baskets few 85-1 OO Returns Prepared dware Sept. 60'. 60'. 59'. 59. compared with 540,000 Tu,. day. F >'. opnetne ____u 70 161. 1.16-, Cucumbers bushels few 16.00. Barley Reasonable Rate Ferns Tel & Rad 12 8Vi 8V. 8H ovand Brand '0. '_ 4 36 Va. 3b's 36 Vibland 1 Dandelions 1 51 bushel crates loose 3.00- Mar. : 1.n'. Firestone T R._ 7 57'. 58'". 58'. Oil Cal 22 .1.. !567. 5b>. 3.25. OEN EVENINGS More than a thousand different Flintkote _____ 18 36V. 34S 34S eland OU lad nn 28 41Va. 4141 L. E;.plant bushels 3 00-3.75 poorer quality Lard.: .. welding operations are required in Florida Pow _,-___ S 17 16'. 16'a ; bland Oil NJ n nn___ 33 68U 61"68 1.5O-2.5O.: few 2.75. Brpt.July _u 24 26.5O 62 24 26 72 70: 24 26.SO SO:\ 2472 26.70 MALCOLM B. ROUTT Escsrole; bushels 75-3 00. the manufacture of a single motorcar. oeD Elee 28 39i 39Vi 39ViOen I' Std Ml hori!l>ruc _u_._ 4 7> 47 1b7. 40'13',. 47 IbV.bterknc I Endive Chicory 1.25-1.50.. NOT 21 00 21 00 21.00 21.00 Tax Consultant! Foodl ___- 10 43>. 43 4JS btoaely-Van Camp 6 21\\Vi 2o'a 2U.BM Lettuce Eastern cratrc Big Boston 2.50- 23 W. Church Tel. CE7S I. >ne & Webster I 16a. lo; 16*. 3.OO. bushels poorer quality 1 .5-2 00.t.lmrs I II II Sluoebaker Corp __ 90 24-. D.,. 2... I Persians I 2/5 bushel cartons 250- t. -- - ounray Oil 32 8'. ..-. 8-. I, 3.00. small flats OO-2 25. i ounimne Mng: u_n 7 12.. 12 I. 12V.S I I Peas bushels 00-4.25.. ' AIR CONDITIONING "UI dt Co u_____ 10 3oVa 36'\. 35V4Texas { Peppers bushels California Wonder 5.50- On olgnature.furn. I T I 6 25. smaller size 5 00. poorer quality 3 00- Iture or auto. No Co ____n 15 59' 59V4 5.'. 4.00. other Bullnose types 4.50-5 50. smaUI co-slgnera re ag Po ByCHRYSLER Tex Pae C & 0 u 10 24*. 2.'. 24%. I size 4 00. poorer quality 2.50-3.50 Italic '- qui red. Loan f l'solJal ; : 1'ex P.c L Trust .n 54 18V4 17 18 I! anelles 3.50-4 00. !II made In 1-Visit. 0 lit 0' I m Tide Wat A OU 5 19', 111'. 19-. Potatoes 50 pound sacks Bliss Triumphs fff 11 oS ( AIRTEMPPLAN irani-America __ 4 14 Va 14.. 14 U I V S. One she A 50-3.75.. B size 300. Th.-na'INANCI Co. loa"t4 . , . irans 4t West Air 8 3O 19V* 19Va Strawberries per pint irretnlar quality Trt-Cont Corp u u_ 21 7Va ('. tiTvent and condition 5-28. best mostly .26-.2S. S. Orange ."'fIe. PbOBe .3148 C-to. uun 24 35',4 35 35I !' TO AIR CONDITION NOW! I Union u Bag A P __ 28 32 31H 33 I The navIgators term "dead NO FlAX Of TIACHtX SENDING Jilt If Onion Carbide ____.18 96 95 95 H 1 reckoning" comes from "D-E-D" Union Oil Cal 6 21T. 21'. 2n.I . STORE TRAFFIC INCREASES I n an abbreviation of its original Union 4 133 132 4 133 I --- I United Air Irnp.-.. 7 22li 22'. 22>. name of deduced reckoning.CRATOROLINE1. ' : ,-CUSTOMERS SHOP LONGER BUY MOREIN United Aircraft -. 20 19V. 18'. 19 -- United Corp ---- 67 4 3'. 3'. I _'J\i TRUE BEAUTY! AIR COOLED STORES United Fruit n. 18 49' 484 49', . Unit-Rex Drug n__ 28 11'. HVa 11*. \ US Gypsum _. __ 12 1034 103 1034 j ' US Indus Cheat --_ 8 50*. 50 50*. ; LAST A LIFE TIME! US Rubber 17 55V* 55 551. VALUE OUAUTY PETROLEUM IoI -. : __ > \ *]..Y-r/ KIllS QUICKITHIADCftt VERMIN r'I US Steel had 711 76V 76W.lworth ;::- I w HCt. AT All DRUGGISTS ::: t-r- '" - H. A. Daugherly & Co. Co __u 15 1313 13 r--t- :: - SUBSTITUTE! A NOT - - Warner Broa Pict 35 17'. 17'. n\\ .1 - West Ind SUI.h 10 32>". 31'" 321. - West Un Tel A _. 30 22 21V 21V.\ I : - .. Robinson at Btunby Phone 2-2456 I Westlnc Air Br ... 16 33% 33 33Va UR TO YOUR NECK INCome ] I- Westinc Lire ._ 70 28 27 Vi 27 V4 ORLANDO. FLORIDAINVESTS Wheeling Steel __ 3 43 V4 43 43 I White Motor __ 7 284, 28 28** . Willys-Overlsnd. _..316 13... 12 12'. I in and LOAN ,. ' Wilson & Co '__-. 34 14'. 14s 144Woolworth get a > I'j j t, ' FW> u_ 28 52. 52 52'. FF :' : W0r74lng P 4c U 2 67 U 66 Vi 67V, 1 0 '..7'T U I $75 $300 == ' Younist Z Sh & T 14 694 69 Vi 69ViEggs II II I TO j--> ,x ; .} :: = i Zenith Radio e 22' 22 22 I Auto Personal iSass. limes.einmeri&J >-.: - ZODlte Products ___ 8 10 951 94. =::. """ t .1 Approslm.te final total stock .ales 7eatprllU f f _. I .1j j 1.180.000. Laeail JUaailNCOIIPOIIATCa <- ...:- :: .::: - and Poultry -m .... - i 2'- $300 22.85 _27.87 ' ii telling poultry JACKSONVILLE prices.Florida Quotations. : (APt are These Jobbers'egg and average live 537 N. Orange Ave. c=J [ J [:=:ll.- nearby fresh eggs: Florida or Phone 7181 "s.24.Hour .....r THEN U.S. grades minimum weights per case: : . jumbo 52 lb.. extra large 48 lb.. large -- '"" S *.*d. by Ftd'trel. Hecilae ODD : 14"ppr. 14- Utd) 45 Ibs.. medium 40 Ibs.. small 34 Ibs.. I low.minimum weights per doua aa shown be- "......1.7 f..'tltl. e.e* flne.cl., I : '!i . 'i AU sales to retailers. Service r Systems Installed , II Egg market about steady on Florida _ nearby whites. Since 1932 AnfWhere Grade A Net FerDox.WI. Cur.Per Mkt.Do. THE ONLY liti shown in the. txpo ...on of NO MILDEW OR "MOSS" at the joints. When I Medium Large _____'______ 21 24 oa oa .49.54 Progress as "the tile you'll see in the homes completed ail joints are like glass. Small ____.__u____ 18 oa .43 " Extra large ___-_______ 26 01 ap .58 of' fifty years 'from today, -brought to you I Producer cent let sales per to doien.wholesaler generallytwo TODAY because of' the tremendous strides of' AIRTIGHT WALLS are made out of your old The "Golden Rule of investors might well be the II Grade Producer A *ale direct Per to Doi.consumers in Cartons: science through the war years. walls. All bad plaster is removed and the three words above. Over and over, we've repeatedthis Large Medium_____Unn j ___ 24 21 01 oa .62.511 old wall sealed before the installation, making Small __ ________ 18 01 .50 THE FIRST AND ONLY rustproof crazeproof f maxim-but more than that, we've done all in I Extra large __________ 26 OS liP .66 the job permanent and part of the buld- Poultry market about steady. Grade A metal tile of its . crackproof non-buckling our power to make it as easy as possible to heed. tualuy per pound: I. "Investigate Our large; Research Department I IIs Sales to retailers PRODUCERS Sales to ConsumersLive type and material on the American market. continually supplying specialized: information investors Fryers 2-31b8 raised ... .33- ft Dres'd Dra'n.52 Live-.40 ft Dres'dFlorida Dra'n.60 Fully covered by patents and copyrights. INSTALLED IN INDIVIDUAL PIECES as a real need and ask for. i Broilers 2 lbs under h__ __ .33 .52 .40 .60 THOROUGHLY TESTED AND TRIED by contractile should be, its beauty can not be matched. .* then Invest." Through 92 offices in 91 cities, I Hens heavy breeds .33 .48 .39 .55 % Hens light breed .26 .41 .31 .47 i tors throughout the north and east for several The many TRUE CERAMIC TINTS will not stain facilities in commodities Old __, .20 .30 .24 J5 modern brokerage i roosters - complete New York dressed feathers off and bed: t I yfears. This tile is the .result of study' and are easily cleaned with only a cloth. and securities are at your service. And eo we eay- f Fryers and broiler to retailer .42; to consumers 1 i .49. 1I and research. then Invest." Sale to wholesaler by producer generally I "Investigate i two cents per pound Loser far live ECONOMY without cheapening the weuht. IT IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE end cannot be ;In- appearI I "GIVE-UP" ORDERS {. BRINGS NATURAL GAS ance of your bath, kitchen or playroom wails, CURD STOCK LIST stilled by a novice. Our men are expert tile I Aluminum Co. of Amer. _____ 78i IS en important consideration.ebult . 1 TO OTHER MEMBERS ACCEPTED I i i Amer. Cyanide Co. B. ____ SI setters of ten to thirty experience. The _ years Amer. Gas and Elee. 391.i . I i Ark. NaIL Gas A. __h_,. 5"-. ; TO YOUR HOME OR BUSINESSFor of our work is a perfect guaranteed Amer. Light ad Tractioa 23Barium >. PERMATILE COST IS YOUR LAST COST because PIERCE FENNER & BEANS I __ , MERRILL LYNCH. steel __ Uh___ 5". Creole Pet. 10 Corp. unu We its PERMANENT INSTALLATION. We Cities Service __________ a LWencritcrs hid Distributors ./ lisrestmesl Securities I _,__, 30aw -: ...Br..rs a Secsrit4$ esi C..MOditaa t Elee.Colt Bond Patent and Arm Share----Co.--===:== IS"27'a* I FASTER COOKING FIREPROOF, WATERPROOF, it is an added imshall be pleased to make you an accurate i Fairchild: Ens. and Airplane Corp. .. 3*. - Glen Alden Coal Co--------------- 17'. provement to your home or business. estimate without any obligation to you. PALM BEACH I Hecla Mining Co --_______ H*. ORLANDO Hubbell Inc. _==:: -n 3O*. SILENT SERVEL REFRIGERATION ! U* North OraB,. Arenue County RdA Royal Palm Way; I Lone Start-Oaa Co. __ ... 1914 S PHONt 01 Wllft AND If PttSf NTATIVf Will CAll' . TeL 216Z1ML4JVH Niagara Hudson Pw. Corp. 9>. : TeL 6191 : Nites-Beement-Pond Co. 131Pantepee ECONOMICAL WATER HEATING Oil of --Ven 11*. , JACKSONVILLE 1- Strork: and Co. hn_ 31% PERMATILE I Sonotena Corp. ________________ 3*. CLEAN SPACE HEATING 11C West Forsyte Street 169 East Flagter Street Scln te. Inc. ______ s1.. TeL: 5-S020 TeL: *6631 1 Stand. Pw. and Light 3* DISTRIBUTED AL FLORIDA IT St. Regis Paper Co. _____ 10*. ST. PETERSBURG MIAMI BEACH = Textron Technicolor_______n___ 11'18s. S : sea Central Avenue '.. Road United Gas Corp. _____ -- 15a Natural Gas and Co. c& 605 Lincoln W. Va. Coal and Coke _____________ .'. Appliance . TeL: 5111 Tel.: ,-%91$ ; Kaiser Frazier ________nn_ II'. -.. ' AtL Coast. First u_________n__u 7'e MERCHANDISING BROKER AND EXPORTER Home Ogica 70 PINE STREET, NEW.YOKK. 5, N. Y. I Sher.Twin Coach Williams___==:====_-_--157 14'. 1249 North Orange Ave. 131 PARK LAKE AVE. Phone 2-4632 ORLANDO FLORIDAr' I Thermoid .. 131.Kroger Phone <4678< Orlando. FIa. , -- I r L [ I Gro. -. ....._, . 471. a r: II -- United Drug USa ____ _______-- I 4. & ) ! - _, . - - -.. ..... ._ ... ,-. ":: -._- ,--... -Mrf -" --- .,- .,..,... -, - ; . !;' : '''';:l>,:j! 4 .11 """ "' .,. ",'."'" ':>. -- t Pace 14 CCrlanio turning frrntmrl Thursdoy, February 6, 1947 Awawer I. trevlM. Pusle I Junior ______ .. ., Man SentencedTo I T New Chairman I N a= I eN League OWSVZEK3C$6I$ ,I'M NOT OFF THE KEMT /, MZ.CANYONFROM I SUPPOSE S3,MO.W.3HOEIZONS } TE WORKED THAT PAWPANlP Z HEARD TOE VOICE UNLIMITED < AND JUST tVUEM Z | 3 Allotment 1N 1 A WELL,ILLTELLY00. I GOT NOTHING WTTHCteE 3P A WAVE Z 04EPTD PICK V\ANTSVOOOW734EPHONED MAP MY' Ck Six MonthsHoward HORIZONTAL 4 Bones N WS 5' Plans Bureau W IBD2,YOU2 TROUBLE ZAGCNEWERS, AFiIZ THE 1/P/ FROM THE PEN5ACOIA MARK! wiL1.TNATMEAN 3itl OlfO IN HAA1S 1,7 Pictured r French article 1 A1AY BE IN THE MAGNETIC TIME SIGNALS L.I WEAK TOWER AND IM GUARDING YOUU BE OFF TO CORE AND SHIELDING OF ENOU3H TALK M THE TNI* FREQUENCY UNTO z AROUND THE rVOElP AS >\ TD SINCE 6EFORE House waysand g The Junior League acting z MAPINES... CANGETAQSLCARDON HIS RADIO OPEeATDCAOAIN THEVVAZ.E L. Wilson recently returned means 8 Egyptian river w I L D A N upon 0 i) THETRANSFORA1EiC ? here from Missouri after committeeI4Expunger 9 Interjection E A E L. E the recommendation of the Community - i+ HEE PZESENT LOCATOR xi-1 JTW3 . I I/ escaping from the County Farm. 10 Trial 5 T'U'. D E .T s N Es Welfare Planning Council, \ / 'r a J9, 11 of goods i Type f yesterday was sentenced in Criminal 15 Imagine is investigating the feasibility of Court to serve six months in IS Rots (p1.) 31 Courtesy title 47 Sloth I organizing a Volunteer Senses the County Jail after completionof I 17 Wicked 12 Indian 32 Tariff and 48 Lines (ab.) Bureau through winch the various - : t 13 Fiber knots taxation bills 49 Slave I I his term at the farm for lar 20 Cease social and welfare: a eDt.sof F :P 1 I 1 y ceny. 21 Indian army 18 Virginia (ab.) are handled 50 Filth Orlando the obtain area its I can _ff N,I = I Sidney Vickers charged with (ab.) 19 Hypothetical by 51 Paid notices volunteer aid m tune of emei..cn- of personal prop- 22 Walk water structural unit committee 52 Scottish temporary use in cy or when addiaona "orKci: are with the disappearance !4 Couples 33 Emmet sheepfold! erty in connection 23 Palm lily needed. it was announced : : of an automobile belonging 24 Also 25 Desert garden Made of grain Narrow inlet day. jta 7. spot 41 One entitled to 56 Hypothetical f" e I ; to Paul Pickerell. was fin 26 Napoleonic Decision to take the uutiau ed $100 and costs or four months marshal 27 Anesthetic a reward force (pl.) in studying the need for I in Jail. .29 Requirements 28 Equals 45 Shaded walk 58 Eye (SeaL) aut-n TWTS TILE CAPES. 54NDIA1R5T FOE WHITE POeEISNEfc TUTT'S EEALLVO. SO NOW FOLKS,WE IT..WE- LAS SOLD TUEM A BILL Of 14 NOT POSSIBLE... ONLY rr MZS4KCWE5T HAVE A CHOICE TRY TILE A4ONK5 Judge W. M. Murphy 32 Hurry ... regular monthly meeting\ of me; WEU, IF ALL TWAT KACXET POCSMT 6OOD9 AND SCACEP THEM THe HOLY MEN COULD SELECTION Of= B ON 4 LITTLE fines or Jail terms for defendantsin 34 Exists s + ::0. P a i 'I .L H League esleiOay, Mrs. Wuluiin N F- 1 MIKE TYE LOCAL LEMONS tsREAK INTO VACATJMc FV PLAV/N&/ MAKE AAV PEOPLE AND TOE MONKS DILEMMA HORNS- lUIZ FEW 10 other plea day cases involving 35 East Indies I Ellis, presioent announced oil .era e r TYHR LEA5E,11L..l+fYf I.M56KS ON TUEI4 SVPERSTTf1ON5... BEuev SUGI A TNfVG. HAVE JOfNED WE CAN WAIT FOR TMEM ) TWER OWN drunken or reckless driving (ab) i S discussion of the Planning Council - c 1 TDtfdl. CNIEFTAII-w TNPY FORCES... TO OWE- WE CAM 60K. COG.CVT and plain drunkenness 36 Within A TYUiK + 5 CW, INTO 4LU TU4TFEQZEN U.'l '. 4 'r1 Zo recommendation 37 Laughter. I' i ZEAL ESTaTE, CC_ I COURT HOUSE RECORDS ; "Members of the Junior Lea- do County Jud9'a Court sound u u. .':., n cue and similar organizations for distribution, state I " Amended order 38 More finical ?! throughout the city are already of Melissa L. Haney.Evelyn . . L M. Womble. final report. estateof 40 Guide .. .5. '.' .,.' .J. carrying the bulk of the volunteer / } Columbus M. Womble ::'; .;::1. : :- 42 Compa point Iv' Inventory and appraisal state of AJ- .; u work done in the community it 10 JI . . bert C. RObY. 43 Art (Latin) ,.. Mrs. Ellis explained "Abe = Uzzie I Glidden amended petition for ,.... -. 1Q 44 Ream (ab) . l' order administration unnecessary estate of t,{ > 35 j... {lr.'rr Volunteer Service Bureau would C A. Ghdden 46 Stake t., iY co-ordinate the entire program Extelle N. Instruments Ehmann to Filed Victoria Redfia. 50 Doctor (ab) la H ._; +J M and stimulate others to participate wd $10 51 Scope in commumi) programs by E R. Whit field to S Minerva Mortan.asfticn 53 It indisposed ,u. : 7' ,41 mtic $10 ..u" ,, ', r, giving ih' ir services to the needs William I. Cossin et nx to Irvine Mil- 54 Nested boxes ,TTTTtfBusiness .. which arie: :' lard Hurst et ux. wd $10 57 Trader I4 "S J '. 0. > Sherman E Lewis et al to Charlotte Miss tia..ces James cart utlve 'O..ro. mil $2000 I 59 Sea nymph ;I u. ; U I '" ,. 5" ss. sa secretary of the Planning 'COUD IIrAsr t t+ NO SENSE AXJN*)HIM.AGIN$ M AR THAWS FO TH UFr.HUHI My I Willis n1. wd C. 110.I Daniels. et ux to R. M. Wicket I 61 Vendors ,.' 1 cil pointed out that the \alue of po e ip ( US IN OUR HOMES FO' EW YORK CITY NOrO MM DON"T I Mary Lou Batts et vie to J. W. Moatellerqcd 62 Spare 51 'i 1'" .w such a central agency.... p.l'vt'O c4 yts J THET 7 IOe4TF0 O'pEOPLE WK NEED $10. VERTICAL _ la'' W. E. White f* nx to Citizens Bank during the war when toousara--: f .l fP al tO WTLLCK LIKE DAWGS VONLE ONE CF 'EM ISSTANLEY THESE: ,i. l1 y S Ul.ABNER ANDS J STEAMER! TAKE A GOOD LOOK GLASSES Titnsville Manrie Davis cosign to mla 8.$10 Minerva Mori an. I She" I commjnities bet up siaula L:\:n- 0 pty'A STANLEY STEAMER, a AT FHIS DITCHER-AN' EF YO' NOW.VTTXT rote 1000. 2 Area measure tral bureaus which could b-: dawn s Mt T WHICH (So. 4t. &TC 4ERLY SEES HIM, SEIZE HIM" William Thomas York et ux to Orlin deKrma -- upon when the need arr e. 1 pt HE wtonfT'.nt ri E. J.. wd Slomka$10 et nx to Harlow O Fred I "Such bureaus offer leadersh.p i art-t. mte 3000. Men $$30,000 Asked !' to agencies in oiganuing volunteers - Willie James Mitchell TS Victor RRnon planning for their -v et al final derree quiet titleJ I training J. Bocxan et nx to Prank Wilkinson supervision and recog:lit ion. line t -.. ') t : et J ux J.grit Bor. $1.n et ux to J W Boetan said. Icey provide nwoinc, y J f f n i r,. l e. "x. pia al. i Hear Haskins In Damage Suit for effective community service: oy 4 et Frank nx wd Wi'$*10.'nson et ux to J J. Botan : the volunteer. Jerry J CM""">e et ux to William FRunpwht I I Mrs. Ellis explained that should \ wd $10 i T T. Cummins to Klni-Fraley Co. "One of the best proofs of The Food Machinery Corp., of the study prove that -oniin muy rid $1O agencies can absorb vol rote: talent - and 'evident tok- * L5 Hamilton Rankin .1 ux to Eugene L Christianity an Delaware yesterday was named a O'elend et ... wd $l0 en of perdiction' to the unbeliever and that citizens .r Orianaa: A at Thomav. A M.-.U.t U* to Floyd L. i Christian defendant in a $30.000 damagesuit will give broad partic patron in is a calm, imperturable Land et ".. wd $10 in U. S. District Court John Perdue et ux to Homer Smith etrarroll life"' Jimmy Haskins, director of filed the program the Junior League 1 HEY-DOUSE k T? fT WAS A HEAD* I JUST GETTIMCi A DRINK OF ... wit .5 I Orlando Youth for Christ told the by Samuel J. Williams employeof will assume the respon.ability involved + RIGHT-GET A BAG THAT LIGHT! SAW IT! QUIET! WATER, OLD MAN FISH H-..rd. wd r,.$10 ward et ux to Roland P Christian Business Men's Committee the Wniter Garden Citrus Assn.. in the operatic n of the PACKED. THE OLD 'GIRL'SFINISHED DON'T WALK MADE ME DREADFULLYALL Oevt.ye -rker. Jackson et vir to at their luncheon yesterday at who claims he was permanently bureau as a departme it of the wd $ll/>. ' { < Ch rlle F Williams et nx AROUND Planning AND FLINTHEARTS' T IiRSTY. ,, R A. Dowier ..t m to Harlow G. Fred- the Chamber of Commerce Bldg. injured by poisoning while: handling Council ASLEEP SN-SH fir-- } eri'". mrs $100tM1 I I his the first machines and dyes furnished I The League committee which Basing point on <--, William A. F..riow et nx to W. A. Mc- K.""... mle S\OO: I' chapter of Philippians verse 28, by the company for fruit color- (I presented the proposal at the W A M'*..nny to William A Harlow I 1, meeting was composed of Anne Haskins asserted that unbelieving ing processes. an ''et .. wd tIn I i ' . w. n. JrJfroat to W. A. MrRenney world today needs a clear- The complaint filed by Atty I'iCartwright. Mrs. Terry Patterson, ... I wit fin 'cut, ringing testimony from peopie Robert Pleus charged the machinery Mrs. Tinsley West Mrs. Brantley - 0-M Gordon et al to W. A McKPnney.w4 1 !*l : who profess Christ as Saviour. j jI firm with negligence in i Burcham. and Mrs. Jthur H. "-rllle M M.nn et ux to Ab! rt 8 the of machines supplied, Park. t I, wv*.es. mrs moo I Chm Don Mott reported on the type i '"hn" Roberts to Alerld F"mnskaChrt flight he and Walter Meloon ofRupprl which did not afford proper protection o4. 1111 ___ __ _ h.I for the operator and the NewsLOCKHART \\.r' ..-. M nl..lI n.. et .1 to H.rry L. et ax frrrment $WOO. Lockhart I of de5.'hich allegedly con- -"nvn Pt "x. Oil 11nI type I J. D. Oilli.rd et ax to A. F Cilliim etUi Miss Lorraine ttan H Julius vs Harriet C Fulton mla *1TSOI : tained certain poisonous materials - . tw / et .1. li* toolenFrantic ,hmm Fame et us to Jun Austin wd Bruneau Worcester.. Mass. Is Lena HIK $ to George A. Barkeret . $ ' ! Sin I .*. mt, !t!"fio"n'usl !' Mrs Bertha Howard to J. M whriten- Williams 65 claims that he was visiting Mrs. Mary Arotan Life Ins Co to Vance L. Hln- our. wd fl Mrs. Young and Mrs. A ton of the T son et nx sin Iron F Schaeffer. et ax ta First Nat. "severely poisoned" about H"Hir, Co to Solo R. Brolem Springfield N. Y.. are visiting Mr. f I Take HOlt I Bank mtz $39OOI arms, neck. face ears, mouth and BEHERES' A L17OIAND U1C14. GULP -- n et "x wrf $1O I I H. L. Fowler et UK to Foley Davis et ui I I and Mrs. M. B. Denntsons.I . John B Mills et nx to Marvin Henry nose resulting in a permanent .1 WTHE'-ar LOOKS LIKE IT MIGHT K WITH ME J' r NEAR I Dakns et al. streement. SIP 100. I I wd Joseph tlO. P. Summers to W. B. Connolly dermatitis from which he cannot Miss Patsy Sumler of New York EGGNOCa BROKE DISAPPEARE7 LEAP INTO THE MAIM rr5 FAOTSTEP5 I John L S1er et nx vs HUllo E. Nord- wd .10J I is visiting Mrs. Alice SUmler. AWAY FROM : .' INTO THIN PACT OP THE UNLATCHED.i i I r SEN ND bas et al final derreeI I Max Scott et ux to Andrew H. Wardet recover. Hospital expenses amounting - JACK AND' ,, NtL! C / r .- ME/ I City of Orlando TS Herman C. Price ux md 10. : to $1,500 were listed and Wil- A party was held at the Loo- el al' final doer? Ruth A Marshall TIT to Elmo Carntne'' hart Chamber of Commerce Tuesday . Robert Lee Cobb et al to Joe L Stevens et al sd we wd $10 liams claims he has been unableto rote two Sherman E. Rent et ux to Kins-Fraler work since early 1944. night. : I First Missionary Alliance Church of Or- Co. mia $300 Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Hughes of 1 lands to Mtsa Annie E. Potter leave E. Lindsay et ux to Mary M. Tedier I i Gynor W'vrlns et ux to First Nat wd $10.John I I ELECTED CHAIRMAN Lockhart and daughter Eunice w C 1 I II I' B."k. mit $5000. F Kolar Inc. to Mead P. Close Edwards visited Bok Tower and t' Pint Nat Bank to Gaynor Wiggins. et e-t nx rote 3OOO Harley Lester of Plymouth yesterday I Cpl .I I ux smElHoU Charles W. CuJfr et nx to Bert A18hanly I II was elected chairman of Cypress Gardens Sunday. Stanton D Emert .t u1 to Raymond et UII. amI Mrs Dixie Wood Char. I I and :son! r y-- t I deed $1 I J. H. Chiles et ux to B. Frank M : 1 : y .frV Samnel P. Emert to Raymond Elliott mtg S700 Council for Orange County 1 lest visited Silver Springs Sunday. deed $1 I L. B. Mrl.. od Cons. Co. t. J. P. Cobbet The Bear Lake Garden Club T F Clyde Freeman to G W. Tracy claimof ax wd $10 and F. E. Baetzman was chosen I lien $1236 15$10OWe 1. E. Striolmr et ux to Square Deal I secretary at a council meeting in met at the home of Mrs. J. Foulis Du. oooe E. onsenw Machinery and Supply Co. wd (10 : I Wednesday. Mary M. Tedter to J. E. Stripling etux the court house.Emphasis I Curtis C High H ux to C. J Gresham smI I>! on the National fat The young people's class of the l rl et .... wd $10 I F M Reese et ui to Cornelius A. Ben- 'Lockhart Methodist Church at- Henry H Cheek et ux to John Byrd net et B*, sm salvage (campaign was chosen as : et ux sm i Aleck Hovtrson et ux to Warner N. the first 1947 project of the coun- 'tended sub-district which was 1 1 Paul O. Moore et ux to Myron M. Moore Bluricwood et ux mug! fZ750 I held in the Winter Garden Methodist - 's I et ux. mrs $4000 I Weldon I Wlll) et ux to Vivian Penland cil. 114 lAf LSOME C J. Gresham et ux to Curtis C. Huh Gunnm wd *10. i Church. The Rev Oscar III.ill i IIILIIIIIII1 IIIIIIIIIIIIU IIII- OH, NQ--LOVE THE LONGER FOLKS ''I OF THEM ),,I I i e. sm M Lona D. Rambo et vie to Howard R. I Titusville made with R. G. Le I Magarian took the group in his ' G LIKE A weMyron Moore et nx to Paul G Moore. Combs et ux wd $10 11 THEN FLOWER- RE MARRIED; THEN,WHY IGETSOMUCH < M E. Carter et ax to VsclsT Vorlsekwd Tourneau. the famous industrialistand car. . IT GROWS STKONGEC THE MORE Fred E. Widmer et to Gulf Life . ux Ins IN LOVE THEY $10.City POP PEOPLE DOES rr AND AE THERE / Co. mtc 3000. i : of Orlando to William C. Reynolds chairman of CBMC International I Mr and Mrs. Elwood Foot of STRONGER THEY LOvE EACH OF STOPTHERE' LOVE SO MANYDIVORCES5 GET ON EACH Garden T. Chappell to Mrs Edith M.Redfield. spl wd $10 : to Fort Myers. LeTour- I Winter Garden visited Mr. and OTHER WHEN ) { COURSE EVERYDAY EACH l OTHERS e ned $10.OxH.wqT. C. W. Hickey et ux to M. H. McNutt : Orlando early Mrs. J. R. OTHER? dli ; Malcolm to J. E. Striolini Jr. et let al. mrs lltOO.I neau will speak in Upchurch recently. THEY GE'T ', NERVES ) $10 | Fred S. Wilson et al to Francis Auger I in April. Mott said. I Mr. and Mrs. G. C. Evans and MARRI t p Vaughn Fred E et nx Dangle wd et$10 ux to John Roy I I et J ux. P. part Holly tel et mtg ux t:2: Hexeklah. Surmona I Vice Chm. Alex Young presid- family of Pennsylvania recently EYS City of Orlando to Miss Maggie Thompson I I et al. wd $195 ing at the meeting announced a moved to Lockhart. : rem deed $75 I C P Bauett et ux to Howard W. Lee l _ a : : Stewart Asher to Lucy Brewster Van et .". wd $35O business session of the committee - GC Wely. wd $10Casslus Harold L.. Raymond: et ." to E. Reed on Feb. 13, with important J. Brewster ei ux to Stewart Whittle et ux wd $10 Asher am.George Ada P. Humphries to Carl Harris et ux. plans regarding Orlando Youth B. Weaver et ux to Frances J. wd $10 for Christ to be discussed. The Healy fsd $10 Sherman E: Kent et BZ to Kim-Frsley Dr. P. Phillips In* Co. t. Alexander Co. wd S10 Rev. L. G Gebb pastor of the - Merman et nx wd $10 I Noah H. Maynard et ux to Donald U First Presbyterian Church In : Harry H. Kottelmam et ux to Bennett Clark et ux wd aio P. Abrams *t ux. agreement $22500 George E Howard et BX to Carroll L. Lakeland and vice president of . Vivian Penland Gunnin to Weldon Wllllaet Ward, wd $10 Florida Youth for Christ, was a .". wd $10 'I w A Pattishsll ta Canon L. ward T Burr M. Knowlton et nx to William C. I masters deed $1000 guest _ -- -- ---- - A .Gn4- c -_ -a, HO THEREflREA \ NOW THAT I'VE BEEN OH I KNOW- YOU' MISUNDERSTAND WHATWELLWHIIE'HANOSOME' I GO OVEK TO MAKCIES TO PINNER IP THINK THOSE THEY HAVE TO I-rOavT tOTOF THINGS 1 WE'RE TAKING DOING MiATOLDMEALL MY MOTIVE_I'MA TRUTH, W YOUOONTDO, INVENTORY OF Ir FORq FEMALE DETECTIVE 7 SURE. AMRGI COME ON.I TOMORROW NINA. CAN SHE STAY Yd ft; KIDS WOULP AT GeT BUSY RIGHT I tSHACKINGpARiQF dl SMOKE DEARIE-PM EACHOTHER- PURPOSE, ONCEUPONA REMEMBER? I'VE SLEUTH I CAN PUT IT CVER.FROAAMiANM.'RKEAK.. TO INNER WITH US TONIGHT I YES, LEAST WASH THE WAY WTTH THEIR THE HOUSE TO BURN NOT KNOCKING THEVVAYYOO MTPEr t.J FIRST BEEN LOOKING FOR -SHALL WE BE { rr ITS BJ; i l NICE THROWYOURSELF + DATE- THETROTHABOUTSOMETHING , ,A1LT. tie +T /"- : DISHES NINA : C-CAN'T NONCHALANT? BUT TO XAT KB*BRADFORD ' ; I f f / r YOU eEMEMBER' Fil t ME ITS WOULD MAKE D, ( _ BORING f /GREASED LIGHT NIN6 . d rN - .e s. i./ tOOK LIKE rrS + N'Ar i'+ ilD L7 lam- a -, t S g14G ,(att / a r sm IiFi ' i = STILIe 1 " " x .--' it>Sc air } e ; L d , e f r II ' I I I Ct o o 0 I .h I. 0IVE - SOFA UTTLE STA MINUTE, ? + GOOD HEAVENS,CHILD! R16HT YOU ARE,AUNT WELbTNERES MONEY SAVED FOR MY HNTrI'M ALL OWES> ,YOU WEETTHIH6. > CONTROLYCURSEIF AAARTOA. ON SECOND THAT CUTE 6011+6 r A RAINY CAY FATNEBEO .. A Tt'LE6RAA1, MEET PLANE If THOUGHT I WONT MEET hiilE HIGNa To THE x mum SOY A Fg END... A66IELYE SOT : CKRISTY! ; & OCXOCK. WERE I HIM. I WON'T EVEN SCIi001,BOY { e f ate. ( net CWES. A tII1t5i/T IDEA - t. cOftAE.tOYE..BUL e ,, SEE HIM! COULD YOU NExTD00R1J t, TOO AND R-f our 2 aVt tILDMT a LEr's SM/A!' POSSIBLY GET ME A WIfCERT Nl1fi'A L o I HAVE r d terACTtY GILL e DRb55ESl DATE TONIGHT? DEAR x 1 TO WEAR T1iIG A } I 's'r e p A o eI TH4T RAINYQY- r 1 ::: SAME J ' OLD - n is1 r DRESS.JIIt ' V I f Vi \ ,. srq,, 3 b I It / ; t V ao o l i '/Jt : NOW, J! THIS, YOU 50 GRAPE EYES' HERE/ WILL HEM. GOT A CUTE NEW STUNT ON PCZSCT TO CAJ. LINS4 TO _ JP J HANDLE AIL THE &IDE STUFF Ti.E BACK BURNERHEtl.TEt! AStC IBCJT BA3V PiH.P! TVATUTUE _ C CLLR 15 A FULI. FROM NSW OS, VV EN ILE! SAY, YOU ABOUT IT IVESOT TO GET FEUAME- EEZYTWr3y TIME CHORE FC; MERA691T; YOU w 5 HAD __ SACK TO TAE CU13 T3 *E, TEZZlPlC TOT, NA CH? _ BETTER JUMP! dj Be OOCB! la t'E'S AN 5 N! tC oe . if la y I . f' E: _ . .' L.r _- ; b alo areal n ( j ' pa."..- .-. -- . . I- 1I 4. Beauty Parlors 19. Services Offered 19. Services Offered 3 3. Articles for Sale I i 3 3. Articles for Sale j. 3 Articles, for Sale I\I I Article for Sale I I (Orlanftn Classified BEAUTY- Baton FLOOR SANDING and finishing. Best TILE::PERMATTLE INSTALLED SUPPLIES-Canvas, easel !: ELECTRIC: an I!! Ertnt CIT 0 ART WAT HTRli 5 V-crimp 28 ph t14. l.1W. you to See them .wr _d Skilled work; free existing walla; for bath and kitchen. ne.aIPm colors .te color popular .tt.r.e preeL and 29 .lnn. 6. 7. 8. 9 TR.FEB. 6. 4 1 fo *. Hilda Monck es 2-1255. rust Wilcox. .. .us. l.t bautJ 8wl b.rked proof; cant vet*, at Walter J. ,, M OUSEHOLD and 10. 11. and delivery Vi. L.ren. Margaret Wdde c bt kl 01."e eat i ton Ave.. opposite Postoftice. APPSC .i post 1 or phone 1 3. Articles for Sale ..Or .. .1.i. FURNITURE REH tap Call 2.32. ASBESTOS SIDING: Red Cedar sidewall I d.nrund butne i, .rt.for oUt. 331.Press SteelCo. SentlneI-Star PUdlll. shingles pns NUODa GENE'S ing an. estimate TREK SURGERY. Winch ; b.e pin aIding- BLANUT-ZOew' I De.tlc'.nd restaurant ratwe 1601 WASH BOARDS Znbra'* *- doae Mill ECO"C b and S- Want Ad Rate croup BEU 8BOPP.1 1 Ruaa M.tr.C.1122 W. Church. bonded aad .el. mOI:18.ECIC w h..t.r all types of W.-I glass. I and up Kn \ S' -rc . REFRIGERATOR Ic. F I - etl Kelvl2 cold wave complete 810; 812-50 .. Phone 221.FRIR i mates anytime. H Aad.rD. AQUELLA-Make porous masonry A.a.b lo Immediate delivery. I nator. A-l Eltr Cheney -5 E. Phone 2-31PJ Daily 23* psi DuoIMinimuM chine wave 86.85; 204 8. Main. 6688 Old :2-2524: E. 6469. !, .tr.h&Why not have the best? I! ] oadlwD H highway. 2 Signal WATER HEATERS-' - STOVE Late a.- RIHG Mclln Ph model ell...* S cl I S Butane G. 1032 B M ATE QUINBY BEt SHOP luDta. A blngchI I SERVICE 1 Lubr. Co. N. Orange aDd Westn.hoUH l 1st class condi- Ol.ado Ave.. 8"I. Apply at F.reU'. Service lDI 2 and JO-eallon Kno\ 6. -c* .' SuAOViy Z7C PM MMSulnMim pertu T on R.lro.d.At pbon 213BON W'j Pin C..U 8pr on g ad .rdl" A .u.r. f. .aJ.' i l"n I right. :2 I Pn.Phone 2-Jli>__ < tic manent specIalizing in ald del.. Ph mahle. Oa. : -Ik P.. SoS part* Or- ROFGV.N CorE\ RUGS Felt base screen WINDOW SASH 24i.-4 a-- :" ' Ph. . facial bleaching. tintln t Consecutive Day* Its On. a day 2-141 Undo Office Overhead WAT BT 3 m.tr . Supply Agency for !\ wire; lawn can*; factory bolt of hrh a. I Day ISo a day SHOP FLOOR SANDING AND PL' ISRTNO-; C. .a.: .uw he.a -From 5 cu. '. to .o.en .a.a. I . MARINELLO B&AUTY garage ; Metal CuU. 1 E. Pine St 'dr louvreaC them i ilast. i metal I ta stock s -o Roya T.rler new: set while eh.l. ine. at > i a * ft. Eo . LlaaJ 12$ Magnolia- .625'1: Prompt aervtte. Modern equipment: and Blake. Mill* t. Selecyours todayl Walter Furniturec " A.r. .NHr.s" 392 W. Intercession f IC J.Uoa. 2014 E. cr a I and facial portable power unit. Eatablished1S35 Ai2 ; J. Wilcox Inc 61 Robinson Cu. J..I. National (Out .Stt Mat** I Cod Skilled workman; lceu i, 'TREES AN PALMS Trimmed and ATC FANS-Prepare for the hot !phone :111 j! A ve.. opposite Postoffice. E RADIOS-The f.me.all wave G. E WINDOWS All >r--5 vasra Inll Insertions line Insured. Stevens i month by Installing an 1 ELECTRIC COOLERS hiWestinghouse. portable ' pr 44.RY'S bonded; 8I- John Newton .lh ".n.bl bter. gtte* In stock for immne rv For Bnde. .).Days 3Se .. BEt.PAR. types and facing Co. Phone 6582. 11 irvin Str.t. Pleu.phone '. attic fan In your hone. We will also Summer I here. priced at .It I I ery: soy style or size ma-ie to e-aet T Consecutive Day 20e a *, Il i 2-14 handle the complete installation. Ors buy BOUSEOL n1Ui1RGS1D wave ori i I pr.a | o why not today J. br.dc.st adjust W.IWI 19 5. I A too window and door frames. ojrpservice $ minimum 1 line e .* a specialty. Dial 42233S GAS SERVICE-Caa connect or UPHOLSTERING SERVICE Any ando App1.nc Co. Inc. 210 N Wilcox. Inc.. E. 1.1 St i A""haae Co.. N I J Ir. 6 Jack laO en orders 11:0 : place I any appliance* yon h.. including rubber Orange 1 Postoffice.EGG 1 opt cansd. Phone 4537. a lt A ant-Ada start la the Ol I P. 0. o7. Warner phone 2-2416. pddfl. sponge Phon. i j phone 9732. __ _ I hlr free H I.ATERS-Gs.s and ofl. W render ] Firestone Morning Sentinel .orlman.i. eslm.t Airctuef table printed tn both Sentinel and : 1 4. Beauty Parlors HOUSES WASHED Screens window R. W.t. 11 Chu I ANQUSD"Ede cookie set.jar. Min- complete installation service. Small i:; RIO r.dO. Ivory cases. 827.50. Fire- WAA stork w'1' l" rir t i *: also inside work looks like br.akut TWb for Paint tW.IV o T. Orlando on' the a*aw AMERICAN BEAUTY SALON- few iP.aial Job. Cleaning and waxingfloor print compote. P Elalih BETS: floni"sifters: rolling quantity Modern tmm.dlt. ma.n.tl&. ron. and Concord t paper. Co old J.k.... j: : location 44 Vi W. Church. Room I our specialty. 343O7.HOUSEWINDOWS VPSIOLSTEP.XNO-Slip cvr ref in- c.ndl..tlk. sn. USple. P'I .prnkhn. r.. Godfrey ante Ave.HEATER l t RonKo.l.aad. iY-rmp. 28 3 I WOOD STOVE '." :24- W. call Hedar. Coons 2- 9. "ot ": The Want-Ad Department w opea 7 and a. Audrey i t.hln. Wllnout OBlIKBlIOn lt JaUD. I.n.ts from 8:30: A.M to SI P. 181. I. WAH i.ld C.1 418 W. I mOld engagement ring. Phone 8024. -Colemaa oil burner 1 I 1 0. and lnhe: A-I t..jne P. d Floor lalr.m-Bro.n C.nua I New. 1. 1 ft I"dl.t d.l.er ' bunday from.&12 A. ).re: cold wave*., a Te.tp. ,ed and: IU& B.mb. call '28 Pll I BAT2. carloads: 4\ 5. '. Holdea A... to Lake Hold.a Gaden. writ S1O9 Pa oUr b. 3: phon I 63 o 1233 Virginia-Dr.WINDOWS e 1-- P.lt Standard house fn:- Deadline for Sunday Saturday I.n. D m.. by appointment. ; UPHOLSTERING and slip covers. tub.Also 1 .arl.d 1..torleL ..- Frt on In. .m. : NoonAdvertisers Pap 2-308.i Pick-up and delivery service. I' s Libby a. W J31.ECIC HOT ,., ROOF COATING-"Birds." Same old ate dl.n. all m.de. r.' CHARM SALON 71 - VACUUM CLEANER Serv WAtHUT. 8pl.l HOOVER Pearce UpholsteringShop.. 3609 8. : Church St. .atm.tt. same old prices. Smith grade Y 112O 17th Pt r8 - ar. requested to DO1c co wave *10; SIS ice. Bumby Hardware Co 102 W. Orange Blossom : I BOAT OARS anchors hie WATER HEATERS 1 01. 30 or : Wyckoff .olt Lumbr lu.lt7.. N. Orante and Railroad. I SALE Sink cabinetT: -. . a , fy of any error* a pr.Mlt. 17.:.'1.$ (Church: Phone Tr.l 257.VENEAN I saving 4. Hd. - Ilo. I 2o24 Kuhl phonograph and radio - .im.i.t.l BLINDS REPAIRED and cushion. Neptune outboard motor ':: i i RUGS. 9x12: 844.95. !I : * in t the 8aUe : HUGHEY'S GAS and oil burner serv- See at Wyckoffs Now In stock Immediate 1 wol Bro.dm record changers: cabmr'< . a. aves S10 and up. All work luaranteed. : : experienced factory em- Hdw.. 2524 Kuhl. E Radiant wood 9x12 .Idtha: Broad i t. o Fire . will b rIbl .D oa and attic fan Call ployes. Orlando I all sizes of water heaters. T.a :; ,,:I eral colors. Immediate delivery. Warren's. electric h 13 l : -".vt 5O6 W. Amelia Ave. Phone 8964 I Ist1Uo. Venetian Blind Mfg BOAT ft., Inch I at 819 Mt. Vernon al .trr : delnr'l elrul.tl. &ra f e.tm.te.; phone 5026.and ,( Co 1739 S. Kuhl: 8059. I hogany- hull ra-.but ma1'! 0 gallon he.t. which A Winter Park. 68. article ald th.s ..1 cn'\ I 1 : lat : 75 H.P. your no house I Caldwell A Harris. 707 N ..S & Too Can Your Instruction CLEANED repaired. WASHING Sclpp marine H-V 1-ITS-Take. th. of Pac 1 5. Schools and T MACHINE SEVICI- Harold Urge 30 and 40 gallon B.T.U.. for i I place glass .nt"r service Worklua.nt. HETRE.enol 8.0 15OO n. ica'.1 7= Want-Ad b .ppl.a" find Maytag i! V. Condict Realtor 37 E. for many purposes. also Cei0-Glsss I 14 Phone 7364 srr de 0 CeDta on convenient term .low .S2-50 rom $ 348 FairwayHEATER .. 3x7 ba'.f: ga.s: ACCOUNTING. engineering. High R W"U. 1..r. Barton's Service next 137. or 2-2088. now .t-Ml! Nebr. nr don ' Dial 41S1 School Correspondence or or D.bt.'I Winter Park, 93. I .eek. .I I 11 BUr. Ave phone STfit: Inwm.tlon Te.tel. | BABY CIYout beds: bastlncttes. -Large oil circulating. Like i RJ -Philco. RCA and Jie new HOME REPAIRS-General repair: WASHING MACHINE and play Associated N. Orange Ars. new. For !I thortwave portable. A few L O. Rowe. Box 8974: 'I caulking; windows washed reput- Service on all makes REPAI.ork pens. Youth .e.r'll. Orange. Coons 530.I Stor.. 14 __569. Ior.tla telephone : for immediate delivery. Willsrd & 31. Articles Wanted REAL ESTATE LAW tied screen "p.I. lawn mowed. ,; guaranteed. Al Wiggins 2014 Ki 11 I 1 Keiser. Vogue Theater block. Colon- ' 5. flowers and Wr for rpr.Hnl'U"1 I L .. Bld.d. .. <522. i i Kaley Ave.. phone 6247. BOOTS mans; 2 pair high laced: 2 HEATERS-Oil burning circulating. '* i 1.lto"l. phone 5136. ANVIL-Tools. pipe !-.':nfv .: pr.p.r.Uol : pU English riding boot; size 9-D. Bott.d radiant. H. A. Dauth- cazh for most *n> .08 with If I' rdlo FUNERAL SPRAYS-Individual attention. .a New start HOUSES WASHED say knew the steam.benefits ,I WELL DRLGL us drill your 10 820. C.1 618. I .r. .. 2320 X. Robinson Ave.. ,I RUG 9x12: all .O OulH.ua Eb'.. 71 E. Church; ph. 9388. Co.e to office and the public Phone 2512 Street 84 5. for E LECTRIC . IKttlnter Floruit. pump PVIIP. Call p 2-2456. 70. j scholarship. School of Real EstateLaw. derived frol steam washing they all I Iwculd I .el or laa Easy BROADFELT 9 ft. wide various 27261. TA" I AXES, furniture of all kinds sconce C.ntra phone 4643.1C. 139 B. Pine. do le It preserve both I nothing t.aUol. months D..et I colors; 12.S pe rnnlnl foot: 1 r I REFRIGERATOR E. First lll machine anything you have ' Ph 6:6. buys it. Bamboo Groves. I t Avdoyan .. ]HOIST-a booms 2 :I ell SeweD-Thunnond paint and b.ut ; I.* very reasonable I Belmany Well and Pump 251 Ed..tr : hand operated Morse Blvd Frmtur. Baby Sitter*-ChUdCare iasnyeblid s. Travel Information I looks Ik. a paint Job Supply. Winter Drln Rd.. I mile Dr. 2-1215. ELECTRIC MOTORcb h p., 828; 10'b "Drhe. complete with cable Wlt. Pak j 72 W. Ptae 8t Dial 4:0I hour Steam Washing Co.. Ph east of Orb Vista, Orlando. Phone BlRIO n. p.: Ray No 1 oil I boat and kicker 885; Emerson ra- and lower and can betwsveled. RUBBER STAMPS Better Stamp i ANTIQUE JEWELRY diamonds: o.d care by day. o CONNECTICUT-March 17-34. gentleman 7087 I burler. Cissell boiler rturn, d io. Iitub; like new. S6S. Apopka Holmes. S195. Holler Chev Quick. Service for every purposeSupplies. .I> rold. W..hllhrt ,"OF Expect ) week: ."el.D' ca pr..ld. to 1947 Chevjr. Reference -I 23625.CM TAX WORK and bkk.ep WASHING automatic control. Oo. : near Johnson Fishing roe,lip w. Central.NSULATIONDouble. Orlando Rubber Stamp .nd honest .pr.lsl Uun. ,. Loan pleasant drv 6 W. Church : 103 E. Harvard; 2-3296. lal *. Peg- 8SI.r.CHICAGLuYl. i 1"lc. Books set up tory )C. SEVICFae I, duff CI..nprs 204 Rld..o. corner ', : A. Gyukia. Work. at S. Or.DI. 2' W. Curh.I . 'Iter Parker Service; Phong 2- PersonnelComplete frtor Roslmd Phone 2106.I I I thick "Balsam ROM AIR CNDmOSERAI.Air WOMAN. Available for aitting with Peb. can relllhin. serv HEATERS AU types. . 1t 1287. ic on inboard boat, good ECIC Wool." Guaranteed to give c. cl and: I COTTON 6..-!srtcry machines - ehjloren. elderly peopleeveninss. .r 411._ nfrl.er.tr I BA n-i-fot overlook this atuf.ctoa. Orlando RAO..n 15dlrount Da"t 610: tD..lc INCOME TAX Return boat Lumber Co.. N. heat. "I Foreman.Pressroom. . SS'1 DETROIT OR ViCINITY computed I a major appli.sores. speed ; elec O a banain. Orlando I Smt. Orange : d.al 2-O959.' prices 40 M.IDD. student: win hare Col.i for individual farmer businesses.: Brtt. "Glea Jet 64i inc motors; Briggs engine. 9 in. metal Appliance Co.. Inc.. 210 N. R.lro.d.IC I Sentinel-Star. e tc. George A. 384 N. Or- i E. turning lathe with accessories. I ii VEB-woni burning I 11. Notices e" :'8th or Bth. Box 103 8-Star. M.r ; 892. Orange. Pbol. 4537. I CE FEEZER Sno- errul.ta. Special .1. ante. phone 2-948. I! WASHING S"I Shop. 120 W. Pine.BOATS : for stoves: 10 to $35. Call EterIl5. DIAMONDS watches jewelold . HAVANA and Nassau by boat Orplane. LICENSED CONTRACTOR kind I ,; We repair MACIE. REPAIE I row. plywood: and V-Bot- EXTENSION LDER. step ladders I sA ale. Mr..utm.Ur.M.ltk. 610 bwdln.. 8138.SHERCRk. _ I. sold. Highett cash prue: M. AMANDA-p.rhl reading ed'I E. C.1 Orlando dial Tave k"l.UI of work: building painting and I 1, P.r. We reflnish. All work e.r guaranj I tom skiffs with 2-cylinder opposed I I 1 all weight screening, ve.. lathe on. skill I II Segal. Jeweler. 3 W. Ch-ir.h: 1 W. 2:3 .dvl. on all ; 95.f repairing; guaranteed; call I j Caldwell & Harris Repair SeryI sir-cooled Onsn Inboard motors: outside and inside paint. Wilson I CEBOX-SO-pound good and pea.1 1naila. i ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT =-Will: 511 2-2331 WlNSDi-IDOI- Leaving Feb. C. w. worl 7569. I Ice. 707 N. Mills: 2-1972. ranging from 880 to 155. B.utlD I I Leonard Hardware. 42 W. Central II i "ond.tOI used 3 C.P&.t7 month; Also Phone 695. |I cs.'h for used eIettrrein Pay,- ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS-2 1. I'f 10t .ro"full Write Box 1 6i i I i LAWN AND GARDEN SERVICE-Weofier | WASHING MACHINES REPAIRED | livery.family Pine boat ready for de I 2-218. I i I I m.u.. .i. 810. Phone Wm SAFE Small heavily rOltrrtd. j erator u O Hardware Co.. 10: Cenu.1 a I; .. ..e"I. 8tr lor.Ua a new caretaker service .It i J All makes; work guaranteed; rea- Co phone Castle 2-2465.Boat 6 Construc- PT. Crs 1 f. long. er Pak for small I l. W. Church K.Jvl.lor Dett Call ': : t pn. ior modern motorized equipment. seeable I rates J. R. Hsrrell't. West: 101 IlC but& : 4 to LOUVER* Steel: ilili Su wIth hornet Smith-Wilson Co.. Office Out- for W E W.lth.1 C.1 (14 D.Uo or or 7160. 17. Haulinc and Moving 1 I den Illt prepared or cultivated Bide Repair. 410 W. Gore Av.. 7795. i BICYCLES G"l'"r..lon. Plying butt. per 100. Will cut any screen 82 e.c Home insulation: i fitters. 401 W. Central phone 9759.I FUNIUE used stoves: Irs boxes: ADVICE Psychic readings dally I I ; for new lawn Call 1 : Ar. 145.5. Flretone. Ornle and length Ir size desired. 1Uleue Co IS3 Orange .. Winter Park. 1.. I SHEET: ROCK finish lime plaster. I Cal before you circle Tues. 8pm. Tnurs.- 2-30: I AL VAN UN. IC.-H.Uon'* Albert (Bud) Marek 4488 for Information. -, 31. Good Things to Eat Concord Phone Winter Park 598.I 1 LO i Felt ; '. Plyboard. kitchen cabinet ru. :j i i ell. W* pay "top" r. Sewc3Thurinond - 12. Ree DO. lo BROADFELT Best in quality in b.H-i stoves "lam.l"d table: 206 E. Furniture Co *2 Pin t.t W. Church St. 1. Call FRAME HOUSE-S : 3 . Cherry, off. .. 7088 Co.. for estimates on W.nboua your MACHINE AND REPAIR SHOP I"j.BUTTERED-PECAN IC CEAM-W.I sand blue-green and burgundy I 10 mond. $2500.rom bdrom1 2501 Edgewater Dr. Phone i STORAPHEWS-HAR. used: St 0.1 400. , Ire colors. GlidI I 2-UI. $2 49 b our ; a yard at cutting and : dec- m.k. 'a. .ou.r. I - distance moving. W Jackson Pilt Ary nuan Pip thre.dI .r LUMBER INItE ALICE CARLTN--Room 504. Florida :& t with drn.. FOOD uprights -Pine and cypress: framing: WAN you. 6t- Phone 2-3184 a ettn. Cohso.Machinery 5 j I' Lne 1.1 N. Oranse I I I FREEZERFre.t. I and sheeting: phone on Do-More Posture chairs. Check tt '0 >i% to 5e., 35 147 for Superfluous I Avenue. cubic In- Bank permanently W. BEDROOM Stre. with Coehran SUITE George Bl. h.1 -Solid lined Stuart. S. Main: I Furuiiur 5ut formation 2-)1 I 116 Irvin or 1 CO. St. Phone AERO MAYFLOWER 0.1 I 692 N Orange.5IIRN1TtJREUnused. | . TNSI MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 1 CITRUS FRUIT, gTapefruit Twin or double The phone 8158 Itor. W. Church Lonx distance Joiner =; oranges bl. HomeS I LUMBER _ _ _ : I Store. ![ Everything in \ . 458 N. \ Used abused BABE SVIC5 chair ready t I Van and Storage service for free Kochendarfer. Magruder I 1740 and t.nurlnel 110 per bushel. '. 2-OC76. Ave. I Ij and Indifferent. can be bought !j I lumber and wood. buldn. SEEE 815. lnonpnl mattretset, OLD GOLD-We pay h'.iheit prrpa { efficient estimates: local moving Phone 2-240. _ I' I ber 813.95: baby car- for diamonds, old cola wa'. ocx. Cheney ., Hichway. I I.an. Dawn ahop. W* : parkiBt. eratin. and StorseeI I WAITRESSES REMADE Any I' CITRUS FRUIT-Sweet and delicious. i j CASH REGITR Forda Cash I from Mather of Orl.ndo the home I} _ r.lrg. straitht i 81.95: util broken jewelry teeth. slcrxsrs: e. a Church ...t Bide BarbeIShOp. 1 Chure 8. Petition: ph. '988. I renewed. We use the best of tp I i; Oranges and grapefruit. 85c I> Rlster. : servIce. of friendly- lumlure-: LOGAN METAL LTHE and shaper ': $18 9i' wardrobes 88.95. Beckman & Sons. 139 N. Oranae felle Come and bushel 220 8. Main FUR COAT:Black Persian lamb: I ji Phone 3753 !I Wfaitmlre Furniture. 306 W. Church I GENERAL HAULINO-And moving I Innersprine; rotton. and .' pick your We Fl .uPpUr 8850. Dr. OFFICE MACHINES-W* are badly iOURRVING anywhere. Prompt service. Call I rubber too. Russ Mattress Co.. 1122 81.75 bushel plus o"n express .hares'1 CLOTHES BASKETS---Large-i lue curl; perfect ond.tol; full i| LAVATORIES Bath tube closet: STENOTYPE MACHINE=P.rtt.l7ne. : I hi need ot typewriters adding ma.chines. Fla. KnJoy riding clearly marked Jack H. Pierce. Phone 2-2677. W. Church. Phone 2-2213. 219 N. Tampa corner W. .- : split si 75. Knox Stores Co.. 25 E. length; size 18-20. Prr. C.1 and cabinet sink*, for immediate .; cheap. ca Mrs. Ttn {: cash register Highest or:.vs aeenie traila. Phone Winter Park HERTZ I OFFICE MACHINES REPAIRED -: I ton: dial 2-4074. 'i i Pine Phone 2-3163. _ i I 2-13. delher. largest stock in Frida before :0 p I j paid. Lehnherr. 23O 8. Main. S850 9174-W. Rent a lRVJ-UKJ-Y8TE-. Phon. our Service Department FO"-CSTARDT.- ,'CME Mecyry II' 36 MM. F | FURNITURE-New and u ed. Pay I Libby and terms Freeman.; 36 month pay 1''SPRL'K for I.r. grove and 'i OFFICE MACHnres and furniture INCOME TAX return prepared. Reasonable .. Pickup or ( te body. 904 N I your machine need repairs .Ie ldf.s.rfI .5 lenses. Shutter speed cash and sate 10 to 25 per rent on 711 W. Church. Pipe & Supply, Co.. Let a* make you an ofTcr. Check rates. strictly) eonfd.DUa Orange. Phone 2-06. 'Check with George 8tu.r 1 E I fresh egg*. Laney'c. 149 Oranse 1000 a second. 870. 1221 E. Ridge your purchases. Ba. Frntur.. Co., I MEDICINE CABINETS-Bath rom 630 W. Church St. Phone 6118. with Genres Stuart. 13 8. Main 6U St.. IUil.I Ave. 62.1 w. Church phol. j atoo'i*. dinette and breakfast i phone 8158. Mar B. Rout, W. St I I Main .hol. way. I I I .IactvHilts 1 2 SUIT-Mans. fine blue Chlc 37. 1175. Open nenID' IOLNBEG'S.tr. cr.tl.-., paklnt.L.1 moving; I OUTBOARD MOTORS REPAIREDSI GRAPEFRUIT-Nice. Juicy fcr: I CIRCULATING 835 II' FUR COAT, sable dyed muskrat; size and Nebraska. !I Ii j' New. never worn. Rohde. ri. Vi: i PINE TIMBER Wanted standing orat INCOME TAX-Be Sure-Get all 's La. DI.t.J.Al All makei. Bob I I home use: also Juice oranges riP. for 1212 DC Witt HATR-Wo.. Fla. i 14: 8185: 4 au.t..size 1 and 16. i MEAT CHOPPER 110 o 220-volf; Mills: rear. After $.0 p m. ] mill Call 2-1147. or applr X1S excellent buys: 9 12; cash 1 3 h Irvm 81. p. motor. Brand legal deduction Call "MauVMeMonday. Moving. Mary 8t. Equipment. E. Plant St home tl new. 8200l ." 2-251. :0 D.I 416. r Winter 21. 245Red.PIANO I..: 1 per bu brlD your: COATS-Sprine and WInter: 314 1 only 18 E Muriel Aye.rasIREDIn11 Brown I I t. Tax 1 LOAD backet We and $5 sod l Groe. 6 M.rl APpka. { POOL TABLES-TwO. Bee W. B. WANTE t Ohio or any pal everywhere I up 508 Trenton t CIa i iI PIPES chain pipe 44 K W. Church. I I PAIT. holt. room Suite: Kennerly. S..le. point Leaving Feb. TNINGW.&te technician our tree ripened frost CIRCULATING 1 Ihon. 1-273. 251 8. Mama 81.. sr MURIEL PARKEaplrtul\ Medium Box 17 8-atar. I reasonable' from our own grove King r>u't I burns wood HEATER and fittings: ... 2515: I l lEdtewater MOTOR-BIKE In perfect conditlon. r.U.rL heads p.p hand. *. 8-la. side cut telephone 5810. or coal: also . 211 .. LOADS WANTED to and from Miami- Becker. 441 North Hughey St.: Ph I Co.. 1401 W. Washington phone |I tier_420_E. Amelia rh.nde i Drive. I|" srSOPhone good tire 8125. 6' oars 1. i l ting pliers screw drivers wood mali PIANO. SPINET OR BABY GRANDI - intlan St. Circles S .I. and la between points, for the week 24118.PAIN I 72S7. I CIRCULATING Av FUR COAT BreJ. full length South I 6602.915 Laurel S,. j i lets bolt die sets pipe fittings .. will pay S3OO cash. S100 for BPright. - PIANO LESSONS Day or night.- 01 Feb. Fidelity storage UNO coo decorating: plaster JUICE ;i HEATER fuel bu I I i American excellent condition MATEEKant..t for crib paddles la..ulnl. tents fire ."'.1- I[ State make. Writ Blrter 8pl.Jll l blmaer. Or win .10th. Phone 2-311. o patching. Licenced and bonded I half TEMPLESl per bushel. 5S Frol. large. .i. condition., I, new. last Winter: Ph 6279 or 2-1949. '' .. Center. e: Dhdous. .al North land. Ph. 31-5SI : S Orlando B.mb __ Orsnue Ave. '124 1'10' .rkn. Pon. I-T LONG DISTANCE MOVING HomP Watn.lr l" I Groves. 1001 W. Wor I CIGARETTE j ROOM board aad m.Ud la point*. Packing crating local A Iee. 818 I Psrk. Pta i I I LIGHTERS ;: i MEDICINE CABINETS Bathroom- WELDING GENERATOR AC, DC. private cr& SI ing. Buddath Moving A Storage PAINTING and derals furnt.r, OStANGER-SSc ZIPPO. Evans Dunhill and n I I fRNJE SPECALI fixtures built in Ironing boards: SINKS all types rat runt. sluti leI Engines, sleetrta motors and saw*, nure a Bo. 35 8-8tar. e !.i.s.w. Columbia Phone 8154. C spraying: best 1.1. jo ad: I I and taneeines bus.I: .t.nlenne; Herman's Lean. 27 W Church_ | telephone rblet. Smith Lumber I! compartment double elmp.rent I water pumps shop equipment kick- out. J. T. Batten. COOKING Bab CribsBlondemspte and lyon F Co.. N. I ers. Swap BFENCKR SUPPORT Individuallydesigned. MOVE IT 112 Jol.; phone fruit 75c busheL I UTENSILS Good Mind i Railroad. d.lnb.rds and rbln.t .111. Shop. 120 W. Pia*. S. H. I Blf. Windermere roomtrdller ! YOU&L Clarl. I. tion grim 1299 10 IU 50. All atecstsrnm I of * 732. | aluminum I I : : rhrome WE BUY plat. bo7- used Phone 2.3508. Rates It.lll.s 51e1.'en.mpl furniture. Mrs. J.I.Warrrn. law and Call be WA.M1USESlnn"r.ol us 1203 .. Wtshlnston.8WEDISH a 8:.SO a day. rnt. of state h. PAINTING.-Interior. exterior: luaU '' and II.... .I i I and .dun.ble to 5 height) | LbbY ft Fr..mal. '1 W. Church. fore selling. Orlando Knrnitore Co.. Ins 1 Harry Moon corner of ty materials. For free ; ORANGE JUICE-Fresh daily: Ideal Co..25 E June Phone 2-3163._ Genuine P mu I Furniture Co.. 23OO Ed ewater More I ,. 5O-lb. tub. 22c I No. 2 Store 615 W. Church, phone AND Massage. I for and : I' mattress. $14 OS. Myricks Furniture D. I EO."I-L.undr Ir MICA and Oaeeola. W furnish please call p.rles pltnlr. 'S. CABINET SINKS S I 4797 or see 313 2.4883 hitches I z t$99 50 MATTRESSES T.I.phon. 2-28. ; : t .10a. Fruit Basket. 40 AT.lol Hotel Building phone 2-1173 I Innerspnng. tom: , 8lDderlll tT.a fit .. T. f I and neuritis. any .r.VJR PAINTING-Interior and eslerloscreens F Trail: 4373. and 54 in at $ 1'50: romptetwith i I serin 874 SO to 887.50 per set I| fsrter WE PAY highest cash prices for old Gilbert, .rrU 12O6 W. WITH desires made and repaired: plenty I Ph mixing fxureu >. drains SIP I Pelt 818.50 to 824 50. Furni- STEAM CANER Make Kerrlrk | diamonds and diamond Jewelry in TUC More Yale.891S Ladle only.TRACK'S : to e>f .ter.I: licenced b.de and: ORANGES. IUltr.t.! t.noeln.L roan todar Walter i WU. tore Co.. 8300 Edsca aterjir. working condition I. any condition, city Luggage- and furnU"r. lumber cement .ha or In.," Barnes. ship tanielos; : per tr. rllned. Dr a In. 61K Robinson _ I FURNITURE rooms; modern:. Uisood.Watefield dec-- MEAT DISPLAY b,. Ideal for .0 pr.Tat. or small *a- I Jewelry Co. cor. Orange at Church $ Self laundry: ..you. Ph. 2-O271. PAINT-Our work is guaranted: our W A.1.7S bl. 1340. : 'CrCT G-HEATES fuel oil I. I vie refrigerator furnlshla.stove vacuum Tyler Fixture CAE-ftsure: .I unit r.y. Holler W. repl.cl with a hr.\r. gp.ep5 toilets and iavatosics, .r CAN part load to prices: are leg*. Phone 2-6921. G.thORANGES : businesses I silverware lamps, etc. 442 General Cooling and Heatma Co. C. Dial 118. ar-k for 1813-0-4 modem and convenient: hours S lDd.HNDL Chl.e or en route Cu@. It I PIANO TUNING rebuilding factory:- tweet delicious.and grapefruit S1.2S bu: .tree 65c ripe and I >: f ob.n'on.69 50 Walter J Wilcox. Inc 61 E N.dune.Ferncreek.FABRICS _ METAL OVERHEAD GARAGE- Central An. 1 WANTED.-2 or 3oid tan'Is! and : I TIMBER oppositePostoffice -4. 5z 12" long: .1 p.r to New Yorl or I technician. 1810 8. Orange Bloom 81 bats. We shin bushels 82.25 I taoectries veloursv brocatelles I doors-At reduced : 1 Planer that can be rebuiiF S a-m...6 PJa.. Monday and Wednesday rout 135 10th. Fulford 6 Stor. !r.: 5'83: L Bysncheau. I *. C R. Steven Grower. plulexpres 301: ,, CK>IN--POf'n. =Heavy duly: T Cshine. m.tel..s".. damask and imitation Co present N. stock lasts. pree .h.l.r .o Box for porch 533. garate.Park Floyd onGlenwood Slatford, General Dsiivezy, Ytcijr N. Stivers-Pontlac. 62 Wll. Co. ; S.nlei Orange and Railroad Mla 581. PUBUCSTNORPHY and lettei W. Park Ave dial 2-3554. leathers Huh quality m.te; autO onto 1 PJn. 318 W. Wash Dr .. i Anlu. Ama a.lt rush in good selections. R Brown i j MOTOR Gasoline. vision. 19. Bule. AT LANEIS Help for Services Offered Servlre. pon.2-1287. LUC send I CAROl'S-We now"have on bond bid 2911 N Orange Ave I j jijlLRNITURE bicycle pump. M.t.Ide.1 35. Fuel Oil and Wood and save both time : or: TIRES AND TUBES J. 65016. i corner Washington aadBusbar. : Town Pine -ply.3burner : .W A WGlp designs of Indi I- FAPERHANGINCl Samples shown money Lne, 145' N Oreree_ A. !| tnn-ton.n.| Co Castle B.t I i j I Linoleum: studio: i|. washer. Ph. 4655. oil burner. Nesco. on legs: ; FUEL OILS-Complete line for Free Expert workmanihlp. c __ couch: porch furniture: and desk: for ti m Ph. b.uL each home. call elu.t. n? We I : MOVIE the Home-News Pa-; pair English riding boot size SH.ladies and Industrial 82. lnTem"ITom"lr | CT O erJINO use "We Serve ctral '- -For exterior, clo.hes closet metal Comb I 8694 2.889. rd. tr. : ladies of cbill. " Orlando.Room Are Leon The I .d.nture. comIc: I.b.rdil. Florida. A"lln. now. .e. a. suit Biedeoe Fuel Oil! Frui Prn'.nI t. .. : I Smth 'nn urn.ture. IOU St.I I . YIAVI PRODUCTS 114 [ 15. 14 1. CbuFh. PLUMBING-West Central Plumbing Man. 50 W C-I'rl D..I 4232.AL'.EN Cc N Or n-e .tOf. Lumbr Churh j'Oranve BO..I..d. Camera 1039 N sire 1: loldlno rolo.. Winter Park. 2OO Tanks avu.afti'1 - Metalf dc Heating Co.. IS N. Bryan. Day RlTted_ 1: : can 2-1515. I'br.r' table: pr shoes Bids. 8452 from 9:30: a m. t .3 2-2236: Night 7538. GROVE Temnle scare; CI "CC- ATISO OtL i FIEPROPo-l TES.nd.dlrs: : NAII1I. popular : coat Australian fox. all. 1 FUEL OIL Call noii pro-.IE, p m. Bat.. bJ appointment. AWNTNQS. porch curtains. Venetian ftesh from the tree*. Wonderful for i Trrv 1:1 tip Foe HyATRU.rd i the ideal grille and fireplace fuel I bee Also isO ft. sizes. 812 per 38 OO7 AveodsIcTRACTORTWD j service. Kerosene and foe blinds glider 0-in. front W. B. CURLDf I* ao lo..r connected eo.era. Phone 028.; h" s. We also pack and ship :i see 208 E Robinson Avenue .Mills and Nrbrs.ks.ratJtlrBAbKLTEbshnel.nd6. 1127 17th 8t. door: tanks avaIlable. ph. 5021. McOraw$ 9 Awning Co. 8. : ESTIMATES-Color su.tes- Lak" Drive. Phone 7684 Phon. Iltern.Uonal dl..I. Fuel Kraft Plan Frd. Hu.b.; PAIN tnd.rh'l 812. I' Oil Service. .It POltr T 1 OIL Completely Reliable HEATER good as new. 947 ... tlo. painters recom PICK YOUR C NATBuma --Circulating. I and 2- rbuO. orn. 6001. At Ghdden's. OWI rUITrn"u.8S I .0. Al m.tal bushel fiat bottom shipping type: burner. new perfection Price 82.750 00. Inspected ,iiRanch. QUALITY FUEL on I* lust like an ALARM m.leed and H.th W. P. KELLY. Registered SurvemuS CLOCKS REPAIRED Any per bu.; ."frlt. 5e pr b. lt wo 112 Auto Feed Co 300 W Robin mike:. ClosIng out at cost. other I our Phone for further extra blanket ta your home. For kind of clock electrical .i:4 and MaIn Arcade. Phone or t.n.enn.s tnulo. > pei Pdal. quick delivery Just call 8118. Orlando eqUID Information. Ranch Inc.: 346.Cvr ment. w. fix R.: RIOS REPAIRED-12 io 18 hour, ''bu MeMurtreI Gro.. C CIRCULATING HEATEIV rWol.. son. ph5663_- 12A2Oh. : Fuel Oil Co Inc psirShop. 48 .nlll.. Ph. 7696.AWNINGS. 1"lc. Work guaranteed. Pickup I ; I man. Circulating fuP oil. ::0 I GARDEN HOSE-A good OIl : get It' TOILET SOAP-Firestone R.melI : TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN The F "-' "ido Are .IKUO 2 ; -EATEllrrulatnc at STOVE WOOD-Pint and Oak 85 00 deUnr. Cooper's Music DECIOUSHomebke-d 10S sal I aler p.m and 50-loot lengths S i toilet soap 98c dozen. : . located at 1220 W. CaiiiTje r. Stre Sho. Kuhl' strand at yard 0 5O property Church Tr..lr Phone 4652. 25 E d'olmng Home Co i O-anne and dcllverrii. Co PmePhone __ Conrrd. 2 Clark paulin V n.Uan Blinds. 'I 13c. Freshly and drawn fry CL-SETSPlulbin. fblurr. 2-3113. I. South. Fireplace St. owned by Fred end Frank Wldo. dr.ud wood pine and oak ST VJ ' I L. Locke business OranteMotors .h.d. Roberts BI. I l fit -All I work guara ers. 65e. farm egg*, I.ra.t9c | : immediate is S. GALVANIZED WARE pII-tub, OVERCOAT an-ble.37.-n I 1 strand at yard. 89 oo delivered King; dol. " is .for sale .rn. 70S W. : :13.I | : service; pick up :! Tree ropn" wee-t and juicy oranges; Fr cries' ;h or teems Libby an 0 garbage cans etc .r.1 I g-offi *M. 2 TYPEWRITER Remington. 1 C. i Fruit Company. 1401 W. Washington. .dr. men 71') W thru and all brokers AUTO SERVICE-One day service on i deliver Wilkes Radio. 1204 E. Cc and grapefruit. Sic bu.: large Fla: Church 81I Knox Stores Co.. 25 E. Pine. Phone I Phone 7267. cancel.aay rok. this property Pontlae or other cart painting, I ilml Dr.: phone 5:1. j Jrmons lOla do*. Stop and gave at j DPILL P Sn1". wit iv 2-3J63. ,; OUTR 5.fTQE-1$4bpomgd-to Cmllh or Underwood. Why wait for WOOD Get 55ff. t Aarf ftf. 5, JW. 7Mk J. lct: body wort, ." ) ttltaclnr: ttataatttns. / J RADIO REPAIRS 21-hr. service: aK r Frontier Store. Orange Bionic; .' OT fitiotrt it '-' OXSOLtSE tXGTUEa and- vowel Sportsman and cat-top fxrart } Fitd Clark.1Z. or anyiWng ap. surer Pantltc. | work tutrintcra At WiCU1C 20M T-KiS! at SD'fr. B' !-nm' I units for rlrurar ) and miss bO5t.pbone 22.81.OIL JJ1D bird t ret D..machine when ,.'f 8.ple-nry.Bumfcy. t wt.U deliver M1 ; Carter's. 1400 62 W. Colonial[ Ot, Z-Z31O < C. Kaley. ttt ,i. XHiny0 noOM _ > vii SDZTE--Soii' tna. Installation. Florida ' I : : I.h. 41. Ji\D.\-1O"m .In.hlntr : I m- Pip i 8OVl Porin S"burn" Ides 1 1I can set s good used one Immedi X. WOOD FOR SALE'CaU A. Lost and Found ALLIS CHLE 8ERV-ICE ; RAbIORPMR-2.hour pendtble ig fruit goes into ol | Jiogrny. 9 pieces: Maho any burreu Supply Co..630 W. Church: 55 : plat. h.t for delivery part* poser null- Pick and states and Canada Pineapple or- brd. [ PIts,:s "irons, 4I .Ioy. Gem -Ifal 0; I Thompson prompt i up frf lrllL m.ttres. GOLF CLUBS-13 matched M.ler wood : ately. Let us show you our stock. : Save money Phone 8791 BILLFOLD-Keen money and Farm and Home M.rhll.1 Co.. t I delivery Fuller Bros.. 64 I Chore Ii. anges and grapefruit are top duality I Dr. "::9 I weeds and leather has <110. call I 2,2OSanitariBmAveOUTBOARD_ P. _ fold. P!return paper .John bUI. W AOTO Robinson; _Ihlne 2-271. Ph._894. _ _ _- now.of Let Florida us send fruit your at friends. a basket <- I DIA10NDKtel. uUful. laI R E WiIks.4656 _22 h p Cvinrude. ci- Bus. Equip. Co. 390 N. Oranse 90 cord.CORDS Csrrigan of grove* Bolar.d pine at Inc.S15 Carritan per- Bock. Winter Park. GLASS Felt i. bst white ceilent RADIO B 34 channel* and SERVICE Want prompt stone: : ondltol. Will demonstrat BILLFOLD LOST- regulator While you watt. Reliable! thorough radio service at low cost; trimmed with Kum Bushel 82 . Br.1 Ctaln Paint and Olaaa 102 West Try u*. Pick up and deliver isRadio 75 plus ."pr. b.1 buoh.1 I Also 2-carat golden OARS ' approximately 82 and office rh.ln.S3 : -Hardwood . ; 110. D P. S1.7S plus express. 2-3570 Shire In up Sho. 1. D. oar* 8, *, ,nd 7OCTBbA 5. A,.. !tTe.t. Service. 816 E. Washington coil tiffany mounting: 820 each foot. I paw "" and P..ta :i Spurt eon Gage Holdea Ave. Inc 9,13 ruts Knox Stores Co.. .. PIn:5. fpJUIOS-Ffl: band ... never 37. Fertilizer and Soils Av.. Alien .lit ration card l I- ACETYLENE and electric ; ; Phone 1'92. All ..I.t. Some antiques. .elr. Nal'.. mil rltinl. shingles and .. Phone 2-31(3 I been used. Standard 4 wbeel.I . tents. Phone IO331.BULOVA machine .elc RADIO b sld at fair price. bestos. Smith's left of work on pumps REiAIR3AI small ap 32. Articles los Rent S-Stsr B" 9. .Id. Wiate. RD model- I Ple.s phone 4655TRi COLD BMOKE For best rei'Jl's. WATCH .. and road construction machinery pU.a : workguaranteed. Garden Road .et _R.ymold '; Evinrude MOTOR-Lt. ; : Taylor everything in the garden off O4x ! LT-al. ] 12 pin aluminum and casting. Boyd at Wyckoff 2524 J DINING ROOM SL'TPE-9-piece I l- Pine .lh ft MR Geluil. Wa gold. Vicinity 0 Ire McKinaeyMaehlne ADDING Castle plywood boat and Smoke Soil Corrector 608 Brook- C.rh Or MACHINES-New See Tim I' la first up. Kio.tr. $nge.R.ward. Box II 8t.r.AT 131 W. KaleyBUILD : S Knhl Ave. ph 2-2821. I I MerrIll at O'Neal-Branch Co. se_.nut 2S09 875.Conway For further Peed Information: : GOLF CUB and bag: .t.; 8024. I d. .ondltlon. 2404 E.' Robinson ( .Co. 2 E Pine Phone 2-3163. haven Dr. phone 6314 t.OeTWhh. Persian; I ni CLAY ROADS or rpalii i RADIO REPAIRS-Expert"aervlce onall ; FLOOR New "OUNT I I PA 1NT-W.hit .vlt" old. Lost from 515 I.V. one la your grafts makes and model Imm.dl.te.tUatln. SANDER Amerral, DKINKING -Kelllator GARDEN HOSE. In 25 ft. and 50 ft.I :. Mdv.. fill Re..n. Bred..u. 8"; .. .. fat. John 2208 new. S96.85 plus tax. Morgan's So 1- amount. Also top son: dirt. 4172. able ncal to year cplrl in orde t b i Associated Store. 143 N. C R edlr. 1605 8. Bumby rl.1.. I i I H.'d..re..ulom.tc 102 W. Chureh. Bu.. I lencth Great Southern Store 692 D 2"I1. E."r Vase 46 E. Church. Write H. A. Bray. P.O. Box 102. DOGS bird dogs i A. phone 7851. N_ Orange jftve. Lockhsrt. FlaPhon* County, file between and PUN tax. Dragline bulldozer grader. SERV I _ DPCFB.Eotesiess. 2 drawer : PIPE a. (.I..ls new. TABL SESPor"I..D top. red .n! 33R12.I . REFRIGERATION i 44 x28 ! Vtneland. 6 matched Owner GOLF CLUBS-Mans: siding ad trucks fill rock. R. B. : POlISHER ( ) and cablI i81950.; .hlngl.. whIt: : .hl. 11 Bin FLOR Office 5 claim hold and i 2 drawer. I may by commercial. Nails. paying for ad at 2nd lie, I I by day or hour. Ph t.ble. Bobby Jones Irons putter. 3 s See 33 W. Ave phone Moore Furniture Co., . P. Box .nde and . : O. 1259. Pb JS2.15U , home off Michigan at Homeland An.KK' rebuilding repairing cases coolers; BusinessPf.one 875 6018 2-2157 1 FILL 6941 t 2-SB21. Wyrkoffs Hdw 2524 ( I Equipment COUN.F Iu'h.r golf 1.1. C.1 Dl. DIRT Wanted-Phon* 2-1S03. ; ; 1413 I. Central A. Orlando.' Ferguson 5 N. Terry. _Kuh\ i.a Av C ,: |i PURSE LT-oal.lln. Refrer.tln SANDER and edger : GARBAGE CANS-20 gallon rapacIty > PUMPS. .I.dr. deep and VENETIAN new : new BUND. tp e1- phone 5.5 ' nOR .0IU. S B. 211132.: BUnDPEARTlGIG..elr 1.S. 15. I ; : 2-2821.: DESK I S? 98: Great Southern Stores 692! i i well E..p.ymentL rh.lw .. .t.1 AI Sidney LdsmL REFRIGERATION prompt efficient : rao.ble Ph I Office and typewriter: 829 SO I and as .. . num 1r.1 I! Wyeketfs .. See at Moore Orn"e.I IUt. a*5 pr month. B.1- bhnl. widow etc.Adams' : FILL DIRT Delivered Ph 3309.P51.1. 1 Office. td. Hor.d'L 1 W..ude Ar guaranteed service on allcommercial Fralur. Company. many Pump Ave. WinterPark .n.t .. i FLOOR 8ANDE.A-Edger ti, 2300 Suppl: 6i O.a. and makes call I Opolishers. Drn.I Winter CARPENTRY. Garden Rd.. 145VENEAN SAL CAMERA LOST Sunday : GAltrUol. dom..tl. : 1.Dd.I l mile east s mI .. MUCK AND TOP SOIL-Ds.. l Wlllard .. 709 Clark. All DOORS Panel I - Return general .p.lr. K..r. D.ler. 5- and slass 1 : double OrlOViata.Ori.ndu. ph 7O67 " Pak. 204 B..ad. Rt 6 I 30", 32 . Court R.ar.& .er.r Box S3. W'II.nd.CBINr N. Mills 511.I !I ment Lumber at Co.reasonable. N. Orange eJ'R..Smyth I! order hung and casement windows I to GASUNE. .OTOaWlon.ln.. ; :: I PARK PLNER1'.I.;'. Phone_ BUNDS2"wlt.Iumlnw t Ilvered. Please telephone 2-4053. MILL WORK to special REFRIGERATOR SERVICE 1-I Iservlre 4 l our plant-Milii and Nebras-: way Equipment Supply Co. 1016 t slat : 86 each I | 6 Dr. _ IUII tb. latr. 1 38. Plants, Flowers and Seeds 14. Beauty Parlors Cetr.1 Florida Lumber Co. I : all makes. Walleker Refrig- I lLO.R SANDER edger and pllb.r ''W Church 01I 1739 Ave.; . Mill* and .. .. i eration S.nlc. 1505 ladtna Ave 'I 2208 Edl..atn DEWALT POWER de-- iCjWERToL.. Loian metal lathe* lando Venetian Bund Manufacturing phone 'Drive. phone 2-O915. iisrrles.Phone SAW8. DeWalt saws. Thor co AZALEAS. cut flnsers. artloi: thdoorations. AMERICAN BUt BALN-N.w CLEANING AND PRESSING C.s W.nt. Dr. and Mali tool*. portable electric we wre: 5n%lyle.Kittingera. . locauoa 44\ R.' and carry prices will save !RUGS AND UPHOLSTERY cleaned I PIANO. -Modem ..pl1eteueJeat DRISEo.t.ii to-16-u: Jacket: I GAS HEATER-Radiant: 815o 1 drls. screw dryr. disc sander VENETIAN BL'D Manufactured: 64 5 Ccc.'rat 4043i 1 ..I Io 8931.Cur money. Brine your clothe to Superior I your own home: approved meth- ton. Wi sell. RobinSD ) ; 1 I 14 I Whit etentnz coat. $lo. 5 i, Pease ._Moant lIve:., 'I la t.1. Metal.- V ; specializing Cleaners. 214 Boone St. I moth proofing. Dixie Rug Cleanphone Co., 531 Orange 103. I' 16. brown chesterfield t: blue serge I wool coat. 810 Mornints. a-025O. 7-day delivery. Wood ., dellvery i ANNUALS Petunia corn flower tpI.r&at PIANOPlnet. Baldwin and others C 3. coin wave open CONTRACT .- 7642. _ men s suit size. 400 Hn.re Ave. I GAS ROOM '|, Arrosnl.: Blinds measured and Installed: statice: many : Williams. 1411 K. Conco-d. ' Tul p.. ,,appointment.L34IiERMLN6Op.dshilng TI. homes and BUILIGf.* ii.id I" FURNITURE. UOLTY. 33. Articles for Sale I DIAMOND RIRG-tsdi.s I 1 10point. style; for butne HETER Radl.n'; Westmoreland Ule ne. 1"0 21. N. within 7;miles of Orlando. EatmlP; l: i In cold bu'ldins of r.pa.kild. Bee T.iiF.. Venetian blinds Reasonable. Box kal. rDESKTRAYSSwlngins.coobleat gelect yours while btted las: PIANO- without obU..Uol Orlando AFRICAN VIOLETS Petunls: and waves and all type of Fullard. 39 E. Ame!.: 2-3 .a,. All pieces re-vitalized den.othed ABET SIDING H and i i gal'- Walter. J. WIlcox Inc I E. Rbl.n. We ". Baldwin build r.re.nl.t.l. 'I Blind Kuhl: 8059 pansy plants large Belgian azaleas: f.M.1 and l Petty lea Garden. 2319 N Orans. after odors. 48-hour rvice. Also nails 33 W : no se VENETIAN beauty Bt.INDe-Ten days de- Call Mrs. Reynolds Also rockpaving oPPIte Pmtotle.GL and CLAY ROADS BUILT- Walnut mahogany used or Robinson Phone S-1727 2 E. Pin BU S4S2. with surface tre.tDent ID. : C.l 2-299. Kleentze Co. Qr.nV"telephone 2-2597." __. Ilsh Iltrl"lnl. Orlando Office Supply CLUBS-Towwy Arinonr reg-:- Co.. 531 N PI.aO "use livery Custom built aluminum. I s Guaranteed. 6 Slim p. ROFNGNewer repairs. Ail .orl; JN-O feet long. lOc p en .. D Pine; dial 5114. "Alex and MacGregor Silver Scot' PIPE ngeJ steel wood Manufactured la our ewn AUSTRALIAN PINES 25- azaieat Worl BumbJ E Inc. Phone .u.r.lled. W. E ; pound. Mor.a'. Salvage. 46 E. Blake." Towrney. 4 woods. 10 irons: Wilson portable lock Joint and ill p modern factory Cash o terms I as 20c to S3: peat humus. SOC bushel. Church. I Indestructo Bag. 8150. 2326 BouthShine Joint for groea nd f.r Irrlta- low as S5 per month. estimate your container Colonial Hurtery CONCRETE WORK driveways: $28. j DRY CLEANING EQUIPMENT tioa. Florida Supply Co.. 630: Radblll Blind Co- 1 E. -' 1508 E. Colonial. PlaceYour walk fOl .te.pll. .sttii.I RoFUiGRu shingles aluminum., ATC PAS In stock. 38I.-2 In.. I i Model X Hoffman Pressers. Psi : St W. Church; pp. Kaley. VeDeU.1 10 ; 118. 2-167. I CITRUS TREES and all!! fruIt [ pecans G. I. SALES Work State and censed bne POI orrl.t .l 953> tex topper: Hoffman open end tus benches 1: .! Co.. for asbestos siding. For :: Orange Ave. ph. Winter. Park 708 bier; concrete rinse tubs: Hoffman <3 810. Steel closet. 810 and $11 S. ,! PUMPS- Rome water system: Pie:R WINDOW FAN-20-inch Emerson.: tree recommended for this e-'Inn. CONCRETE.1. 2-220 work guaranteed: free ..Umat 3 I I Orlando 6890. 1 coat form; Glover So.S2.50. Desk and office chair: i|. Ida Pipe & Supply Co.. 630 W. Walter J Wilcox. Inc.. 1 East Mill to Nebraska to Poole s N'irs?. base.FRS Drl.e..L.t'PI. years to pay. Smith & Son. 85. ANTIQUES Copper and brass desk- !I team board: Cissell Iron k.t floishisid New. 9x12 rugs S20 neh Cur h. phone ella RctustonAve.WATBUMPS., i CAMELLIAS-Azaleas gardeesa4 N.t year in .t Rslable. TblrJ Winter' Garden Rd.. west of Raymond set: bras bucket: china clock. Sil I separator: 12-lb. electric tailor iron. roll roofing shingles :;: PIIMPS-Shsliowsr deep well: lh;: deep or shallow other tropical plants Ba' 5h" C. W. Nldy.bu.lnel.Winter Fe.: 338J.CONCRETE t i ver plating done at Wesche's Trading, Singer electric scathe machine manufacturing : i- Smith's left side of Winter Gade. in pipe for .el W. A. Jory. 415 : .el 350-taI per hr or np. and r Green house. Irricatior System forced Want-Ad Pott. 210 W. Church: 2-0232. i type Cleaner : i- Road west of R..oad.L W Robinson 11 8712. | !!! Wkof'* Hdw 2524 Kuhl i to sell. Leggett Camellia Nursery SERVICE that last for :tl.realD Holdea Av*., Rt. t. Box 712-L. Orlando. - 234 W. South i ever. driveways floors; our ARMY TEijjexuji id. 1 GOLF CUBs SpaldtngJimmy PAI on Sale at reasonable prices ,I WINDOWS' In stock for lmme.t. :! . W.lk. ; free Dun- RUG CLEANING W. thoroughlyclean new pole*. Morgan Salvage. 46 DRILL PRESS- : i 9 Walter Hageo i Compl.t stock including) out- delivery; double hung 11b Crfam.n.I.h The .llt' .teP. 1623 N..Umat..: 2-O2M.: all kinds of rugs. Sizing replaced Church. 1 chuck. Like i "My, Own" .oa; indestrwcta hi. and inside n.t. Arnold] i la standard slses. Complete :I ., CTTRU8 1HEC8-Full grown. Wl'.tI h.1 COI"I. I where needed. Highest IU'U"workm.nshl I I C.J Meadowr 1500th : "... Like pew. WI. 1Bakspla I Paint .. 407 8 ? .!._2-3786.:: sash frame. |1M- line Jamb liners.Pullman i. \ Park Nursery aDd Landicsplng Co . ALUMINUM REPAIRS roofing and' WINDOWS Al I. ph Winter CARPENTRY. with approved : Park 35 bat CA5EME FREEZE BOX. 8 cu ft.: Lane off An. i PAINT-15 gallon; -j-j-j gallon Tf b.l.nr. tlle trm. screen paint work. Floyd Newt,. 72OFranklin I method Send for prompt I Finest lu.lt.Add new value DfEP b.rme frame and thel that .. t, sealed 12: Wyckoffs :- RANGE New Oriole. See 2515 Plywood 7Vix3 : pim. O.le W.d.-lt COCOS PLUM08CS PALMS Lane, t.ha.1 SIr.t.DRECWAIGW. service. We and deliver la Unt 1 111 Fen Easy 1 le. or < i Inc . : also -. G. Upb Li. Orlando and c.1 Park. W.reho. on S7th r.t. .Ialn.Orange I Hdw : Ave.. Sanford. Phone l'tW i a 75 Plywood IS. :.. 10 Am.l. d.1 222.W 81CAMELUAB young palm all s.sec 10O2eth Colasut outside 107 6ut Kub.Annu. I: 2-2431.at earn Ludn. 49 W. I'I Agency.Blossom Phone T.I. MAS or 2-4157 S.l. I ELECTRIC condition: 1 E. nl 2- m83 : GAS days and 935 after new Dixie I pm.table to,8.- !. tile t.bJr.1 inch 85 SI to: 10 88. 'D.12 sheeting. inch- s"nAb .fi- : azaleaa: palms,' !land- Wa DRub; eab.aet crH" cod i Temporary orn.e 31__W. pore A... or "wel ?E.w1p ;_ RNGE.751 or ace at 511 Chrictor !i 82 6O10 Luggage trailer lo tires. S35 i .fet. deposit box Can be I.tle i acape shrubbery tropical plaui bk ( *; al types I AIRPLANE Place. I Cheney H.!?.} 11 n-w o old construction. 8prtl Musselw>Ite Nurseries. E. Princeton ; _ _ MODELS.Motorii.cemorieo. beating of repair wood work. e EUCT C-8PCE-Hi I[ RADIO Console, 846 oo. can-Mills Nebraska. Woodcraft. 15OO W. .Orlndo. i I SFPTIC TANK INSTALLED HO and 0 ganre irons. At HOUSE to be moved; 4 rom suited : tion-ii ketiew. autul combina-: RO8E8-Besutiful. froth cut dali,. 5Sri , 2204 Just I CI..n.d : 20 : I r.ds. Racing cars and boat ril. Wyckoffs Hd. 2524 Kuhl. to rural district. t. Edgewater r.ht. WATER HTEJeUc .DC Hoffmann' aardeaa, 1351 M U.--S 61- SANDING finishing appro.e Phone 2-wbeeI . : Phone 2-4628 1 Dr.. 2-182. I .pl.1 In WinterPark. FLR N. Orange. ELECTRIC i V.I Phone _ bU'I" A'Wn.U. 5 up electric , treatment TOATR-S RADIO-RECORD PLAYERS, also i nsae motor. wire I le b Palr.1 recj 2-l equipment .r. SEPTIC TANKS ..APPLIANCES-Gas water iron*. TI SeFair I HEATER-Giant I I Pri C 2-bunu-KroM j ord players at $39 95. 5OOO-record I 39. .Pr.n moel I : I 12-2O. Livestorfc and Supplies 10 W b. ; prompt : hunt h.ul.d: JBurke. !I Stor. Cur Industrial : :I peedles - space Hdw Dia .ua.atH. l.n.d Inl pump resident; bonded. h..tn .ga ELECTRIC HOT WATER I I Or n" Blossom. 550$. I j W.k.U'* 2514 Kuhl I WATER HOSE-100 feet. of one-inch Hr . 81. adl.tr HATR Tr.a ,: R STAMPS for any heavy duty. telephone 4456. BOSTON STUD-12', jbl liseonty- j Insured Route 19. Box 231; 2-8. fans: space heaters homefreezer : New. 15-gallon capacity. HEATERS-ElectrIc. at closeout = I flash and elrle 5e Atain-strain Oak Crest 9. 4161 FNIR tereo REBULT. like .phol SEWING MACHXE RJPAmE gas floor lum. ..fBro"khaven D. prices: ..n"I. with fan or without.Slaughter's. |I date- ; and Rotary automatic time dater WAT HEATR. -and Electric aM for:0- mile east of Highway 17-82 *a Looswoodonedo a low coat and have plenty of I V.ruul d..nrr. m.ke. and space beaters. Mo.r Apr li- ELECTRIC HOT PLATES i 48 W. Central Ave. i Office Supply Co. 23 t: m.tl. 3 Willard 4.1 Stead.Continued . 61n.1 i. nice Craft C. West Repair W anre Inc_ 428-30 ph I .delier o m.ter.l. Fritur I 0.. I 81.77 up Doubles 86 95 up. Te I RZATER&-5t.ctrlr. used. Pine St phone 5114. andI Vosue 101S :- Gore phone 779S. 2-254 Fin Store. 10 W CnurcH 1.1 condlUon. Phone ,54"nGVoiL I I I Blaze' "AI i I Phone 511.T..tr bl.h.D [ On Next Page] _. - _- -_ WoNDO I-fM (THfo'E WL1'HOOi' A DoZr4 SO Fd f4 ivR4tT t OH' LOOWP THF3 A SWITCH' 1,, ThI PrE oo49u4 DO 44444ONE l4NTS- HaLoP41.. I tu.T CiltI 'IVU HEP ii. ni nede IT? uia _ _ _ _ _ \ ,.A .< 4" ---, . > _ .".1- ,! : ;" _. = - . . rlmtba* &ntltafl 1 I I 50. Wanted t Bent 15. Houses for Sale 51. Houses for Sale I[ AUNT MET POOR PAIv 51. Houses for Sale I 51. Houses for Sale I I i iTF 54. Lots fot_Sale PAGE THURS..FEB. 6. 47 ( HOUSE aeetion.OR APT.-2 br. f uuS. Modern -- DELANEY ST.-Lake view. T Io Iv ROBERT QUILLEN CLAUDE CALLAN I SUBURBAN 4 acre of land (2 : IN THE IRK a home .]BEVERLY SHORES-Tow. can get a good . r..ldeL room era 6ro.Cnalish style acres i grove*. New r.m bunga have up aa well-elevated tot la this beautifulsection' Bferne. hmle. Phone Broker. Church Main Arcade; of consider and make Court-i a* TOU want Slayton Realtor at reasonable price. Qr eDct. a Restrictions t lw. InP' ofer. a. [Cont. from Preceding Pace] B Orlando. P.. I .pp\ Cont. 2 large bedrooms R.lt7. 392 N. 1-241. :33 f. Pine; I protect your Investment. APARTMENT-Small. for I 12-343.I IN Lake View Dandy .lh td Je. SUNSHINE PARK-CNeart. A couple I Walter W. Rose In,. Co. 49 N. Orange We VETERANS have a sound plan j 89. Livestock and Supplier luhe lot. potential .d excetient ln. room Ave. Orwia Manor office 3350COMMERCIAL two working .Ul dO 1 Cad la dln. rm mo .ih 110.5 can buy this fully M help you or obtain a home < i ext. apartment site. At the present time kkhen brk-for pr. wine and baU I N. Oran e Ave. . 2-244. 6 tile luse hme. .I on with a Priced to - COW-Ides young amUy cow; house and la(27O ok l0 G. l. nDtl apartment bn. b.t. for .r.e.no the other t fit Excellent LOT-Northwest corner - bad : $15. at 1 APARTMENT small fur I Nice 01 .el tot with plentyof .10 m.t your Ild.a. , no assortment bbl" 8 b. pr Ith l.nd.P for this fine ] in and talk of Boon and Irvin. 103 ft. Church I married couple children (35.OOO. pne 112. unfurnished l.t. .albl. value. Realtors. 668 243 ft- 818. L Boone Irvin. lnc.p. ( & 'on on 147 ft. *. Limit 65. Phone 2-O749 or (1.$ I.rl.h good W.IIPd. .r Jennls 1. , fresh: 2 more to freshen :i "r beu..e .It Hlke'Nea Pine; N. One 2-51. <672 N. On. Phone IHOME | railroad frontage: price reduced to CWS2.day* 413 Welt Church '> W.PraDent Fur R..IOR; II I Robl da ; 2rWeir Sntm. I I I SOUTHWEST=New 2-bedroom concrete (13 OOO term*. Wyan Smith. Owner Street. I r CHK SEONLon1. spa- block bunxalow. Furnished or'1nlvrlhe FOR VERNSW. w} 4672 .Iwhe. 4bl Adu cou. 3-ro .' cmpt1 CAST SIDE-(Suburban). 2-bedroom Immediate possession on your 701 ;CHENEY HIGHWAY Frontage. 166X EZIP'ZESfor sate: cood dairy Witr Prk. 4-R. frame a desirable bomesite our lIstings.Home b.tb h.., home unfurnished; tile bath; dial 2-1646 Fairish I 125 ft. on a corner Good location .toeki a w fr la two .Mb HOUSE OR APT.-5 or 6-room. C floors circulating 01 las. 61t.; larce attic; lot 100x150; small down Real lnrorato. and lot financed with a 100' for a combination business and borne. Other .aiS i to -and bus. Reliable epl sled la one of mI' i I payment Owner transferred. For EI.te.6U1A' S and G L Jn Pomp and complete PlD-1 Price (1200. W. A. McKeaney. 4850 TB and dtieas- with old On Double quick sale "(8000. rooms b.t ,Ding ad service. dn. .al. laUon S -7er d..ht. D. ere Cheney Hathway. Pr.neatreld.nt InM CouD7 cbv" Jennings 672 N. Oranae. Phone Limit .r.e completely Realty 392 t.a. A 1 Pbo.4K furnished. .pament. O.nl. school: has lne. (55OO. Phone 7234.: : EAST SIDE-Beautiful build'iiiiTs r LTVT STOCK a&ULZD-w. are prepared 2-332. attractive Ic. 11.0. .IS EAST SIDE 4-room house and cash. T. K. H..tn.s Realtor H. 1 priced at (375 and 475. Peg H. A. haul any kind ( : I H0t8E 3 bedroom lm, Broker. 4S "r.-7255.' 1., inc fh fumlhe (8500 aM'"r. 6 C.ntrl Ar .d 42' ; I I 1 Jones. Broker. 2121 Conway Road. stock. w' bar. swap or tU ; let through (45OO per &t'BUItBAN--rsom frame house j Phone 6744. CHEROKEE caa. b.l.n 14 month i VALUE Lane, 5 Delaney Pare BIG roomy kind of Plunk. 1404 option for longer time PA 725 Henry 4-b- . Ink : b. chil Brker. 8. iota: near poet office and |' 1 DUBSDRtAD COUNTRY CLUB Dr. quick Buc 1 M.l ; room house with living see- Church: dre. but 110 fu I only ( TJ. Taylor rm. 811. D B possession, a ro. hard 2-10. 25. C. 1 inc room and kitchen: very ample thin large tot tow aa (495. easy MOLES-Han two good work main; I & floors prc I I 2S1 N. n e. 5644 or 2-2183. 1 terms Pay monthly Have le. .U-ltrl I EAST SIDE-3-bedroom house; nice proportions On corner lot of ISO It tot paid .o kth.1 .ok toad .ubr. all* have I, HOUSE W A bedroom fnratahed roof. fruit limit buses This I* a lovely welt-built 1) for when building materials become en. Rice small h perfectly : .da pn..S ielelihgne Oranae tree*. palm; 11 I.d. store 1.mC.. possession. I "Henry says he's glad Emily "Bl' she deiciki, men. SUBURBAN HOIELat.f near fronl.a.th' you can really enjoy t''> available Property IP this bleb das gentle: ran. 1404 W. i 9915. yard. from the Tog would to section Is bound to increase rapidly good expect pay J. f. b aP T I eol all the time. He don't is that no matter Lkb.r Pukln ' Church St.. Ih. 8818. I ROOM or aal working offers .. I'I'a'P.rr Real Estate; ; I I I talk truble I Frame bungalow with 5O-i .for such a* this but .. in value Buy today ahead of thia FARM MULE for aaU or trade. Large I couple; D rhUda aprenS.ek* only; b seen any time. (14,000 M cash I Ie I j jEDGEWATER of it; but when she how immodestly she dresses 2 bedrooms and classed-in sleeping I i i' can deliver it this week for only j Increase We have some beautiful for email Phone Ovledo telephone! 2. POI Owner (443. j I ; means she mad at man she meets insults porch. Nearly 2 acres nice high roll- C75OO. First come first served. Trade large lots ricbt on the colt course. mi. A Dud a Bon*. [ ROOM Young COLLEGE i j tp.I I ever her." ins land. Several citrus trees and with Swaid: Louis Geeslin. Realtor. I Water tight gas and bu- available professional PAK SECTION respectful ' man bungalow built T 3ro. HIGH tr I bi' t j jIsl. centipede lawn. Electricity and 143 N. Main: 2-1464. Paved. Carrigan A Boland VIM would like a i o P1OS-6 pic* *S.SO to with bam; with 111. .t : The Army 1 i Cmple"1 f.ml : brom waver. owner an Owners t72 N Orange clean tractive CarrlxaB 2UI.. home and kitchen. and on ; : Call after 5 In a } ' .Cb1' pn.le.. telegraphed us today to cut price . ; P. street of beautiful Bide 2-4551 eveninas. 1-2534 by at E. Michl [ niee borne as of With carace. home Price of i I drain board; automatic *** heat j 51. Houses for Sale (6.000. partly furnished! McNuttHeasley. -'' Houses for Sale . Write Box Ill 110.6 lc.de. kitchen equipment. I(I room large screened I I I I 2-BEDROOM. cement: tood locatIon'I FORREST HILLSLarse beautiful bred Ste. W. Washington FOR SALE 1 Lr.e ln. par rUl"r Aen .ohnoD R.I\r. 140 N. Or- 14x22. Corner Quick Re.ltor 1 I t I scastovea ad water heater: SI OOO building tots Lake Sue privileges. Guernsey ba 7Mrl. Iml house or ; 861. 15pl.l. I HomeL"CLNI1ilUWMoern j rch 1'Harlow NORTH SIze.r Orange Ave.). St 510.SUBURBAne down. (51 monthly. Kittinser Realty. II '' Priced from (1.OOO Guernsey and calve. m IIRB call Fer- .uoD 13.5 fmaace. LAKE of Orlando'smost Frame. and sleepingporch. I ewpmenL nadeDt. , .1 dai . A masonry G. Dial PN-n. brom. -1 2-0074 or 2-1198. i, oreen. Brokers, 21 E Central Av* eluding I la Orane. and in A-l 152. I'I l L Spacious Newly | of the loveliest . lot. 8188. I I"If I Phone 4196.HOLDEN 1 McCormaek-Deertac emer NEW-5 rooms with : pncI .10.e.t room" home condition. S5OO. Allen Johnson. frpla The is aE | an architeci 4 bedrooms. LY Large f Wa. screened-in porch I i I II ' oak floors. ! 2 Surge milkIng I KSene Furnished or unfurnished. great & .I Orlando i I .roune gem of finest Realtor. 140 N. Orange; 8612. "Specializing bath 1.ld. room. On 3 acres lac- I'.I (45OO. terms. Ha.pt. Brker. $1 | KHOHTS-Lot 8. block 4.SO'xlSO' . Ca 3S1 rea cntrcton N. Orange. '' (400 J J. Rt. 2. Docsey. I compressor; A in Homes. 1 rfre.ton MalpmcD. offer accepted. East I i Built about 6 yrs. 3 bdrm inc placid lake Ctrs. shade and < 51. and milk B a2& I I SMALL APT_Furnished, for-occu Amel.8n.bl and Altaloma St. EAST 8ECO-Atrct.. frame !i I 2 tile bat tile powder "a7 NORTHWEST 1 i> well landscaped. Benl Burh. Broker. MUST Siniiew 2-bedroom : !'' Plant City rangy after March 15. Young Corner many One of finest SECON-fmlhe 12 S Main: 2-10. I|I highway. Price reduced fet !, LAKE MAITLAND-Lots Most excra- eouBl bu. Dl7 "Itn. Orldo' lec house 40. Pet Stock and Supple I no pets or children. Permanent lot ft. frnt..e : I l.ke.perfect for ..1mll. boating ble garage and: corner 2-rm property..with dOl extra I SMITH ST.-Near Orange Ave. 1940bungalow week only. Like a alt! (.1: ;,,' give section From S75OO to sll-OOO I residents No Prefer fruit trees. For business Jishing. Your agree It is I ; frame. 2 bedrooms I>I .ub. Rm.lnde rent See I I Restriction (15 000 to 25.OOO Buy .W morta or lot (3000 cash and - r.el. CONWAY : 1 n.r.nn. Northeast E.a SEON-t view duplex r..n 15 I .D'I I before owner. D. Moore. I I now while available C. R Emerick. C IpA 1.1 ltI. owner must al Pc. ( lu- Florid U. at its Price 35. Phone 30807.ORf.A.NDO sun porch. Electricity for 70 b.t. I Cap. furnlahed apt. S aWU.. plS Perfectcondition. I I nicheS; About OOO. Term if Ray Lennon Fruit. Unfurnished. Quick I'I phone 5787 or 643OI Realtor. 610 N Orance- dial 734$. .h. . Only 16 unlunhc Evenings 1528 Oeorc Box 92. ca b. S545O. afford (3.OOO ,, de.r.. I Kast-2 bd-I' : I II I' & to this Act a. li.nced. Jim 1* with Joe M7er R.lor. 29 AVI.-l03 Abut (4OOO cash balance on I LANCASTER PARK Overlooking one. COCKER 8PAI PUPS S weeks By Mark m Louis qulkl7. I Caldweil Wt A.r Realtor West Washington St. 68.i rooms r C. R. Emerick. Realtor. 610 I I I NEW. MODERN two-bedroom concrete !!' Lake Lancaster la most beautiful old. o champion steeL I I WAN bl.woman r.fn permanent private S N. .It Ga \ I j c.. aD : 2- 786.I screened porches redecorated Inside Orange: dial 7348. i I part of Park. Restricted area among Phone 2.3881.cKz1t r. &2-18. and out. corner lot. Owner. block house, overlooking Lake beautiful homes. (2.300. Fbone.owner horn SOUTH SIDE I j jFainrlew j 2 i I ni I. Refer- I EDGEWATER DRIVE SECTION-This j i LAKE frontI unit apartment. Uni i 1' 2-0647 SPANIEL IP R en|er."c.e Writ & 103 I I charmina. modern well-built home home FON-B.utlu I.t with !! ST. S.-Furnished. 2 story.< furDlsed Nice lot J5.5OO. H I Limit at .rund from I OCL one mile City buff pedigreed; a at j i Lot 100-135. I lot. 14.1 Sammie C. C. 912 N LOTS-S acres Improved land divided j CONWAY ROAD. 605 1* block off .every convenience. 130 ft. of lake frontate. Modern type Pk : ah"r , 130. 1.... next to Country Club j I' ten building lots One bait Harry into WRITER . i Francisco. CentralI Withes (8 I Price J1.OOO. Term 2 room. Feb Delaney Dr.; 1 block from playground II bungalow with 2-174. Links on road Lake Mary. 7, u. | C.nn.a.h I Ii :c/: Arc.: 7407. on old Appk. HIIh..7 at Andrus I I mile from Orange Blossom Trail S and 4308. - 0 baths. Urge 81.t bu det dt.I tD court; on bus line R.lt. i tile : y'.i. I 5 -Built to land like the j Box 108 I South. G. H Blessing R' I, 6aor. I Ste. and close & aol and .trea 3 i EAST SIDE Owner leaving town I j 1 I inc all electic : j OR MANOR-: Berkshire Ave- ; Gibraltar this 2-bedroom Street. Price I II j Box 68-B. Orlando. owner 1.15. j I and Z-cel doc DOG FOOD. Ib : I large bro. srened UY ; 4' ftt sceen porches one o :I ': : bedroom and house gives you the lr..t '' _ want splendid furnished _ remedies ad Orlando THREE OR FOUR houses for next fore 2-car Drive 2-bedroom t .1 home. lake. 2- .r carage with located well safety and Stucc 01 i LAKE FROST-100 ft. choice location - frame X-Cel Store. I 2 or 3 month. Rental (200 if you like the outside give (8.5OO. mo.m. i ant's Quarter. Nice sand beach. Id.a i r.tn Or win two tot attractively I hollow tile and capped with a tie I I I I FIRST TIME OFFERED-Re ally comI i' restricted residential large for pet*, j I (300 per month for oejlrable 2 t'a. a ring and we will take youthrough. C..n.u.h B.lon. ''lor wunminc. b.Un. and l.ad..P. House recently roof it n.l1 is here to stay. fortably sired 6-room. house. I'I oaks and palms. Highest elevation IZEN.BOR&WT j,3 bedroom hOI Call R. M. Stew- Price. 113,0 require 438. Variety of ctr. tree This I done o..r Jd.! out. This lovely 'II !, an living room with I fire I>I condition: 2 bdrm. sleeping prb: on Lake Davis affordIng beautiful tot parks. 25c 21b refrlferaj set I .. Reclusive (8.000 CaU 7121. EAST: SIDE-3-bedroom. frame fur- '! U a property of charm and email finest condition oak place combination kitchen-dining I i plenty of OD blok from ,< view not only across Lake Davis but Shop. Marks l. Bro.ae'. & 152 a-2'. AeD' Tucker cu.. .. Inc. nlsbed or anumlb. desirability. See Ceo. F. .Real- I floors, nicely furnished nice equip- I room bath and large | sod bus: will sell to responsible parties also across Lake Cherokee First time I I"me. I location. Knicbt. ; 1 pod kitchen double screened I! for 01 Si OOO do.n. balance ls offered for sale for 20 year To PUPPY--5 months old boil and fox COLLEGE PARK-Princeton Ave. 718 Hub. i I ty Co.. 19 E. Central. _ garage some .ofro'h Oil furnace !I than move right in Concord 5034. . : j ji 8462.t 1 fruit You will proud to own with Price ] settle estate Phone Ideal for young boy. Plentyof New 3dro. bungalow; delightful '! LAKE DAVIS SECTION-New cementi home. b th I i I I Matthews with Sam Hntchms. 206 S. Phone 69S7 or : 51. Mouses for Sale .p central EDGEWATER SECTION Most attractive your R.a for s ) (7450 O r. Realitors. I I MblnlSll. t I LOCKHART 2 lotion paved street floors tile | I lntment he.tl. block duplex. Asphalt . I. . Court. i I I- 3bdr. modern bone.-i b "pl.lne-.s7 to fa.nce. i 2-238. 10 E. Pne. 1 for sale or trade Car or what asve see-r iJ ADAIR SECTION_ trn low you'll Check 1-bedroom each side. Ic. *8.00 13.5. wal"r Rose Investment I SUBURBAN I i!I MODERN-1r- kitchen. Mill Bear Lake. and Francis 6-room houae at shopping. Beautifully furnished fnd 1.50. I Tumi. Bryant with 1 -Modern 6-room house.unturnivhed I you Prr. 1315 N. ; beautiful ) this for .alu.. Dn Ddle7. Broker. 677 N. O G-: a Manor Office i I : (450O. Howard 306 N. i I .cs prl.t. lake: :; Ave 1100. PrInceI - less Kennel Cul ltr Amer-I setting of festmorelaad .o"r. WatrPd. R.I\r, phone 2-4745. | .I. Inc. I Exclusive. 3356 North Orange Aceour. 7325 'I 350 young orance trees. S..for,i i LOTS-Oranae R..ltor. j! or aired ermnd II* Pa .Iea.camellias; Or.ne 2.:1.CLGE 9855. or 49 N. Orange Avenue.I 1.1. 791. !I I furnished: ''I ton School section. (700. AaMbOtsection. pie '. pet. ca Cocoa $ I a.pfrlt trees In PARK-Here's what you've I, IATSmZwelflrbe 2ro. -_- ,. I SOUTHWEST SECTION Her. Is a I' 19.0 W Vine. .85. unuD. ,, (3OO Terms on any of these wnta O. Box Cocoa. rar consists of front porch. for. A clean 5-room kitchen. I I new 2 bedroom home on }ot eOzl33, I Iota Tarn McElheny. Broker. 1407 C lota. " Fla. H 1. I livIng room dn. room k ItheD bn. architecture at ." (50 monthly. Possession to LAKE IAA the splendorand II'I ORWIN MANOR-An excellent ..11. fruit trees. Concrete block conetructlon. t 5-ROOM rrn Washington St dial 2-3937 and ask service South lai this exclusive location. A mod- and an furnished. Good location < room. Roper. Broker. 2-3433. I ' bm a price of This 11-3 6500. to' ]I for Tom _ _ _ TOY FOX 2 crown; both ; porch .1.e..7 18. modernised SouthernColonial I .ma "S.k 5250. T or utility completely if at it. i captured in tbl eD. le.17 deor.td. 2-bedroom bun- SpiegeL" Whitney i j females .ate I rom wont l tone you lok SIDE-lu walklnc distance 4 bedrooms. 3 bath Hardwood Co. Call Joe with Veterans' Real I I j.ri'RON'r-l80 ft. on nice lake: utia Et.t Ilrh klth.n. We the key. T. K. Hastings.Realtor. this large white frame bungalow R.altor. Bide. 2-3269. Reawna- L.- 0 M.t.al '' close In: restricted area. 2-0807. I throughout. S. Court St.: phone of Circulating heat- Direct Approximately 2Vi acres A.nc7. 2 d1' i owner. Rm. 6. Central Arcade; classed ., 'rplca o:7 ; twobedrooms ! with .pln. I I SUBURBAN-Buy this and enjoy real blv priced: 8O65. GOOD HOME wanted for pet female 3-2284. between I and ..m. for 4237. I splendor sloping to ..tr'* I 75x135 foot lot. Priced 14451.I ret; children: 32 N. I IIDtm.Dt 1 .p I porch sun r. 1.la. ro. dininc I with boat hous. dock a mag- for S13.OOO with terms. H. C. Bab- Florida 1.lna. Att.ct.e bungsbowof !i NEW 5-ROOM--cement block house. I I Ii eenU.lt CHURCH ST.. W. 920-93 ft. frontage room and kitchen .I.front I nificect lake-view. Excellent eondi-I cock Jr.:. with Robert R. Tyre, Real- six romL bath and I{i I I 2 acres truck '!(' LAKE HIGHLAND HFIOHTS-8elee IUd I I ; large 3-bedroom house; by I j porch l a very llue 12. lion throughout. Special at tor. 13 W. 6174. porches. 2- ar carace. 2 chicken cpl.t.. (3 1-3 .o 'I your bomesite now in this restrict- ADAIR PARK-Very attractive 3 o.n.r. 193. "r.. 2-7912. 00000 f r eun"C, O'Harra- Shown by H. 131.. i W.sbn.ton. | houses. 3 acres of ground containing I i iI !'I : k"d rent. Sold 1 r. W.'Ja:: ,I ed residential development. Work oai and Supplies B.b 41. .ppintm"Dt. I 109 B. Pine. ; :I Moore. 80 bearing citrus ; Peul&r bedroom frame bungalow COLLEGE PARK-If you are It Ior.2-230. 1 cock. Jr.. .ith Rbr TIre B.I- ORWIN MANOR-HereisaijjjIui I II tre. On a paved !I i I Rt. 4. Box 14 north of I i i I all improvement i* low underway tile road. close to : bath PART-Attractive. fully 2- I I and with 6S' wide or greater I I All for a 3 W. 6174. Delehbn lots are f.ne. tor. . BABY U. S. b.n.1 bdrom. pre.ar 1 precsr modern bungalow situated all Mil Airr.BEUF I CC Pnu..' oak noon don't .tr-brm. lake .. I I on large lot surrounded on.nlenc. Of.re tnlume I!I !I j Priced from (15OO. McNutt-Heaaley. b. l.Uoa. by ed .tk de ; nicely furnished. Only 5 ." outstanding grounds; mutt: majestic I HOME on Floral Drive Realtors. 15 W. Washington 8V to hurry , Hvery. and Poultry supplies I.nd".pd 2-car .. I pines and palms. Has 2 large bed Rltor. 29 Church St. Phone 7833 I conveniences i I J I 3-room .r.ae.i E Phone 5106. Orlando X-.I Store. years old. S Mr. O'Brien with sod busHome bo. close t shopping and center latiptop ; Priced low: owner leaving; move In.Dial I LAKE rVANROE-Modern 3-bedroom roms large living room with fire 73. I place you will like. Priced at 11.6. rABY CHICKS-.Tuxedo re 6\r... BetU Investment 25 condition. l moer nicely i 2-4651. Albert Habich. Broker. I j cement brick houae nicely fnrnixhed. I plae.. and. lovely floors breezeaay tile batn con-cen I SOUTHEAST-Buy this homey ht.I;i I I MrK.I.7. Brk.r. 64 I. LOTS-Several rood lots: on 16th O 8.pp.e. 'o W. Waahington. landscaped lot. Its our best buy. retting garage. A home that jnstiiies ,; house on its blah cool lot I B\NGALWs rooms. 2 broml; St. For (400 each Sally McKlasackBroker. I 904 Carb. 2-2821 or '336.CC51 Phone 8513. Priced (10.600 including kitchen ap- EDGEWATER HEIGHTS-New 3-bed 'I facing lake. Nice caraxc I pride of possession. Price (13 OOO, I' place to come to thru the winters. : bus 1819V N. Orange Av*.: Only down also ducks .m Terms. It is not large require a miniI C20OO liberal term on do.j ; pl.u. and house beating. room borne cypress construction.All terms. Jamerson and Carter. 10 phone 9933 telephone 5334. and Carter Realtor 70 E. larce rooms. TUe bath 7O E. CentraL Phone T.ar.lor,I mum of upkeep and ha* complete fur- bel.nC. White Bro. Brokers; 824 a J.mer. h.rd.o lot: immediate possession A tB.tr' I 2-lfiHg LOTS In Ptnerastle: 4 iotA covered Kissimmee, Fla.NEWHAMPSHIRE. Centralphone A. T. (Buster: Carter. non breezeway and .. :, ap.rent lr.e I Carter 9516. j!I I nishingi with electric kitchen. All MIl.: with- fruit trees. antI heavy with ADAIR SECTION-Modern Spanish '. sodded. Possession at once. ORANGE I i for (6500 oa Call CHICKS 24 BLOSSOM TRAIL. S.-New I O'H.rr.-lore. Mike I Lake Conwy. ome ; liberal terms. fruit Also overlooking I home. hollow tile construction tile ( Cash above (65OO ; very 5-room house I!' Realtors 2-2380: 109 TWO BATHS ranch type week old. 2Oc. Falrrilla Poultry 1516.C LIMITS-New 2-bedroom con- P 15.0. : bath and electricity; I I I Ban.lo. Priced (1600 Llndberg Broker. 41 I. J00Cathedral ceiling. 2 ... W. B. Bridges with Curia Walking distance of . phone 8937. bdrD : terms $1500Sewn. Broker. 33 S. Main. Phone larce screened porch. 5 acids UNIVERSITY 1>RIVE-Near Princeton I Robinson. Ph. S-O818. Par I IV. bath larse blot 175. Henry Burch. Joe G. Myers Realtor 29 W. W.s- Fo"e. land cleared: good soil. 330 ft. School, other {I I roomy. Modern. Call 2-1993. Fennel POULTRY WANTED hens fryers.turkeys. I room breakfast r"r2 bl.ne. 1ke rnt. inaton St. Dial 8881. !I Splendid buy for home and fnl AmoDI d.1Ibt I Broker 6 W. '' LAKE LOTS-One at Interlaken: and : Brker. 2-109. Charles 9529. I rslden. 2-brom. Cur In yard We pick up laundry filed ,and C.bS income. good terms. Jim M. All other on Lake Butler In Winder- screened 1:85. I i I I pl.lel7 rdeor.teC I Irooms i I tbl.1 for quick gash salem h. Call Mr. : priced tow ea Poultym. large mere pay rche. fruit tree Caldweil Asher ; nice Inclosed EDGEWATER SECTION 6-room "lh P.wr. I PARK-A real value in Rulor. .11 ..'e "ake 463 K. O.nn; One of ou bter built home In a I frame bungalow In conditionLot FRONT-Owner must sell this i I cor. and M.a: 2-0i!!_. ___ j porch could be u.d for extra bed- 1 WINE. home. Beautifully : can 7665. preferred TURKEYS-Tender. too young for Del.hbrho Immediate COLLEGE PARK 50x150 ft. ( .o cash. I U bungalow 4 year old;1 PARK LAKE-In this highly deslr-I i: room. Nicely landscaped lot and citf 1 f landscaped corner. O.ne transferred LAKE FRONT tots-In Interlaken: Christmas markeS welch 1I t 1 possession. Pra.ed. George H terms. C. C. Broker. 912 N room with tilei 1 |I able section and i I rus. Price 110.25. term J.mersn.nd I< tnd will give possession. For UnusuaL City Convenience: re- i G.rl.tt. fiepl.ce. only three block I Qul.k Ib Few D. Klttredge. W* challenge you to find a bterboul lnn. I Carter. 70 E. ] strlcted. Nydeccer In?. CoS0 *V R.l\r. 1 lr. .l. Wide I 2311.i in College Park Mills: phone 2-ln. i I bath and pnb ok !i from Colomaltown stores and HiU1 Re.ltor. C.ntr.l I I reduced price see today Mrs. B. 0 Turkey .; 6913. I Modern.bungalow of two FLORIDA AVE.-Close In. i throughout; .rae. Sho.n 1 crest school this three bedroom house ', Phone_A. T. Carter. 1:16. i Henkel. 360 Edinburgh Dr. Phone Colonial Dr.; dial 8O6S cent lb. For ANN ARBOR_.Modern, .one7. b- Z"dull. by appointment only. Exclusive with' with Its '' t I 287-M. Winter Park. '1 50x140' together on paved TURKEYS-SUty pr i every convenlence. rooms- utility room and nice : All masonry two front door .ntr.Dcea its WESl SIDE-By owner S-room home. 2 LOTS- ston further laformatioa Plr Beautifully furnished: flooring. Attractively designed and I .on.trc'lon r.ldenta 2.tO. The first floor C. P. Shumway Realtor. 140 N. attractive six room interior and l:I cood condition; walking distance: ,, IMMEDIATE POSSESSION 4-room I I St Just outsine city limit Bartain - Pull P.r or telephone 2 bdr priced right; Owner; cnnnlnt1 located to shopping h..ntrn. haI. living room I Oran e. 2-3282. lot square living porch at rear I| 1 block to store and school, (4250phcne754p. <' house: r.b. p.r fllhe Inside i, for cash. Call 2-4010. BRING POULTRY and un & 2-510. Prk(9850 and liberal e> I pia... room kitchen I LAKE 5UZAlE2 bedrooms. (2500doan. I one ot the pl< santest homes electricity. .- Mill TWCT LOTS One factnc KUlarne \i Parp'YOU Esc and Poultry ADAIR PA.RK-.An outstanding modern can b breakfast room and powder room. Up 2-bdrom conne" have and. if you don't need that PARK-6-room-bungalow; i Road second house right north Curry Circle west end Lake Kttlaroey. ket. Inc.. 629 N. Garland. 4117. | frame buncatow. Light oak .r.n.e staira has 3 bedroom and aU 'I block. 7350. I third bedroom with the separate entrance | WITR- construction; tile roof; Ford Rod. (1350 cash assume' beautiful lake view; other backa wp floor*. 3 bdrom.one better than C"I McNutt-Hrsiley. R.lor. 1 W. I b.th Lifetime roof. 2-car car. 4-room frame. Colonial section, at the front a good money I II 3 bedrooms lIving room dining room mortgage 15: reduced from 1275 to It and faces on county highway. for Rent !I 13x10; wth b living room. 5L (18.5. Ask for E. Stewart I $3.000 down p. m.nt. Harry Heath. i maker besides. Price 12.:0.0. I bath room kitchen: Lake Salvatore. 5. Box 660. Combined depth 250 feet, width 60 Wu.tn C5 Apartment I 1"1. wall and shower with Realty Co. 2 Realtor opposite Vogue Tbeatr in I1 I I Call O'Harra-Moore. Re.lSn. I breU.1. ( terms. : feet. Several orange and grapefruit : electric I E. Washington_ St. Phone_ 5124. 1 1109 E. Pine I Kno.le. .r. 12,5. C.1 soil. Lights, APARTMENT-AH modern d.71. kitchen; oil heat: at 'u u U nu Colcnialtown- : 8253 __ I = i 601&._ _ I 51-1. Lake County Property tree oaks wonderful no children or pt. cnnnI'I"e : furnishinc Located amongst I II.t. j CITY LIMITS. 5.5.-Large new ?ERNCREEK SECTION 8'TNiw I LAKE FPONT Lovely small "..Itj j PINE (AT rooms and bath: I WINTER PARK Just city water telephone available. County Tout Hom. 6010 : azalea* and between 3 rage apartment. Not complete ::' frame bungalow. Neat and attrac land estate. Modern home, central win .rwce quick sale, 155,' lovely stucco bungalow; complete. EST room and bath. little taxes. Only two left of 12.Wllkin-(1-000 T. K. tive. Vacant. Reduced Ssmmis >2-car sarase. iSo bath I actually name Ins I' would make small duplex for both. J. C Brossler. 754 BLOSSOM TP.AILERP5Tk Bttr.'hl. livable. Plumbing snower bath t 1315. heatne. I automata hot screened porch ORNGE apartment for 2 or 3 men. 1 I H..tn..Hltr.. R Central and cold water electric lights. Com j; Francisco. R.nor r. Cen Ovr /ft. lake frontage. Tropicallandscqeing. ;11uru Matthews with Sam Hutch- I laundry ttfm posses I I wit,excellent income. Close in. I son Drive. Phone 2-2561 -uppr Arad. 431.AVALN plete. (2.9OO. Move in. Loren tr.1 Arcade; 141. several large fruit trees. 8. M.I: 7811. I sion. House of small (6.500.00. W J. Klstler. Realtor. Ta- SEVERAL CHOICE LOTS. East and ( 16.UPPR furnished 85 BLVD.-5 room furnished 6 N. Brown; phone 2-1269._ \ FLEMING HEIGHTS-New I A real value in a close-in lake front I I PIlE CASTLE-2-tenement house: ;, eitru* crov i present .nte crop Included I FlaHOUSE ; southeast Section priced from AP.2-r.: non sleeping porch; fire CONWAY 6uS-English type bungalow: 2 bedrooms mawnl I property. George H. Klttredge Real- upper has 4 rooms and bath lower '1 i I at price (7700 for quick sale. J. Lib- Small: partly furnished; i I S50.. Pauline Foshe. Broker 450 pr month. Adult. furbe. place. 2 *. .. Immediate bungalow ROA. with lane and a half with fruit trees price I ._2:311. __ ___ | 3 rooms and bath: newly finished '1, don. Realtor. 208 E. Robinson. 6836. I,I nea U. 8. 441. North Leesburc. I I Boone-7255. $ pr U.bt .D Comfortable home. ( brO Phone 2-8091. ,' inside and out with new bathroom ( Term Beverly i Aresi 720 "laOo attic; gag 60 It- tot; 1285. LANCASTER PARK SECTION WINTER PARK= ; Gr..rd 6S( How.rdM* Mala. for lra. equipment; 5 blocks from NalhShllI Leesburc. Phone 1204 Red. ] Property for Sale { 55. Country wt home. furnished and in i "hol. 2 see Call mIre J J7H 7325. ar .a. h u. GREELV ST.-Well-built home: cypress prI..t church I i and within easy 1 west of city llmitiito Ask for H-827. Harold construction; furniture condition arranged for o.nr' : bus to 1 1I j I of town a 3-bedroom unfurnished I I I LAKE EOL-NI.lake frontage, large !I MILES bautiu "Bine bath dial .| t R..ltor 37 E. Central: 6137._ ; 2 and income. Large lot. 84115. nIcely :1n.on trees I I bunaa .-.. A buy for only (85OO I 86130 tr.. room house with COUNTRY v PROPERTY - 2 rooms; share : br a.pl. p"b. loaded with fruit. Citrus grove: 1919-M-l mornings. ANDERSON ST.-Two dory homer GARDENS-Lovely Space : landscaped: 9 b.rln. I have in at onceand :>! with o Charlotte C. Smith I small citrus excellent soil.I I 1916. For Country Home good income for frlS 113.0. trl ask Asher 1&a on and half bath : COLNIL. bungalow. 2-b Howard. 306 N. 7325. < citrus trees: wonderful shade rentedaperlmt'nt. Andrews Realtor Winter I 115.0 00. W. J. Klstler. Realtor. TaI I i Grove and Lake Front " 3 bath up. Completely floors rom.electric l.l unusual retting. This U a real buy I I Price. 1.6. '2-2465 I.lh. 659. I] .ar.Pta.I I Ii Peter, Realtor. "He probably know 48. houses for Rent (14.OOO with HIGHWAY 17-92-Where room rent Can be well PRINCETON AVE.-16 Wet. Army I corner Central and Main. (4OOO cash at [ and Iln 6*. H.rl. a. Fredrick. scaped.porch: J'ana. err-. t i for (S per nUht. you cn buy this 1 I Jim 1".0.. with fnanc.. I I ofn.e tr.nf.rd. must sell fully I' WITR-PARK-I987 Ksrolma Ave. i' LKEFON-m.U ct..e on largeI CITY LIMITS 3 MILES-17 acre on CNITWN-bm.; fur- IK O.le. I terms. Harry spacious. well furnished bungalow for | Realtor cor. Central and Main; furnlsbe. bdrom. 2 story house ', r and bath.brr".7. j|I I lo Lk Gnffn. L.bul. paving; 6 acre In old grove, pine ( down. Enjoy beautiful home . school. a and T.n. 011" I Ii Bnrl7 "It's 35 garage I Lsburl. Orlando. Ph. L grapefruit per 2 786. Valencia Ir. S 1. Vogue In I 'll.I apples. I Children Phone 4432. Vam. The.te COlD.U : l. your rental carry it for you. i (:I II I I i 100x135. New frame 4 room I Phon.L 12C.Re.I stmmon 2-story home. room and .rep"d Mrs. Wailer or Cathryne Rouistone.Resitor LAKEFRONT-Close to paved streetand I bath, porch and attached .. until COLE PARK 7 rooms and bath. tarsi i ii BEFORE YOU phone or lower 3 ieml-batn upper bath room BU-e. ; style interior; : 22532.ROLDEN electricity. 6O-acres on two I I PRINCETON SCHOOL SECTION Lot 2 block of Lake Kiilamer. I' write Harry Company. I I i A 2- equipped S. kitchen DR.. 17 l.I.t oak and ; & Mors& fireplace: gas New three bedroom WESTMOREN Venetian blinds lake Mostly high rolling on nice block Orlando , adultsTWO' ; 2-car I nice mod-I i ; Winter Park and Realtors in Lake and water beaten rent EuU. refrigerator & ALTAMONTE SPRINGS HEIGH.&E"tr. land. Today' best buy at (1OOO. lot; 2 screened porches; oil I: Pond. I range r cn. ft. tot. landscaped; nicely furfished cnn bungalow.' pine bus. By owner. Count has to above. Country Dlc.1 pre.a furniture: 10. About S year old. On :larse. fenced i j Mr. Lane with Herman Gwin. Inc.. inc h..tP; laundry facilities in ia, W built 1- offer you. Telephone Eustis. 138. 2-car home carace.with city room convenience grove Lake new construction large Broker. 677 N Orange; rage a ; close to I'I LIO-DISTAKCW.I IlHE HOU5E. Prhe : 5OO. terms. C. U. Taylor. Broker. plot. plums '' : plul la..to. Income $12000. sodTeyslel 1.nds.p P"a.p.r. and : floors trucking poultry- 6h bt.en MS. Dr. 14; terms. Lke pn.I.L. (9. easy 2516 N. Orange. 5644 or 2-2183. Small e with i| LANCASTER PAAh-BauUfnY!I In. ( .0 lndud.and kitchen I i j o floor beatins; besutifut I 5%. Groves for Sale terms. Sam Johnson Co.. 20* 8. ; a.Uabl. o adult 1cu.e.Lt. COUNTRY CLUB AEA-B.utlul plumbing in back 1-rn(475O. Sammie I I nirhrd lake ; eulpm.n011 he.tr. car9ial. I tile h shower: plenty closets: Msin. (65 per ; prm.nen' eprlns Lake Francisco. ; room 4. Central I' tile bath. living room with open fireplace for. PrJncl. 18 clean out: 2-car withi ROME full' preferred; Front- buncatow T.r.ce hoe. Raltr electric . 8188. garage AN GROVI- 8. re. FARM AND ROME-20 acres rofflnc tenant OeL 3br.lot. A ; rm 2 tile baths. Completely fur Arcade: !i living prb. dining room "U'. great to live In Orlando" i bal-I. tubs: on bl.: lmm.dl. r**- .r.e ft. maint oak and pine land. Small portion Rent I dy home. ;fumlhe lr. d.n 2 large tot*. 2-car earage. HIGHLAND ST. 836-Brick kitchen wlb tile, d..mb.rd. ,I sesslnn. For quick pale (14.5. Own- I t highway ft ontaee. New modern very cleared: partly fenced. Two mall 47. Ra. for !_ __ 11,0.c.n Large bearing orange and grapefruittrees. low. 6 rooms bath front central he.tl. lyt.m with for. i en 61 or 2-3068. i ii attractive 2-bedroom hOls. I. buildings: deep Swell: smll lake: Must be cold immediately to Bun"-I PINE CASTLE-Neat 4-room cottage. < I< ( or sell available. for fn. Electricity appoint ment .Ul hous account garden. at i home 21.0 growing our Altamonta 3-bedroom : .1 I for C.1 Springs office. machine and I ST.. 5j6-NicerOOis settle and I 200x300 ft. Garden: orsnze WJTRPARKA ANDERSON estate. Shown by w0hn. I homer appointmentExclusive Exclusive. dr Lt ; Ipu.lrly Mr Nun with SuItable for division with bulldiac a* and phone; bewail.EuckelONeal. frnlsh.d. 110.50. In the city. i and rh.J. < 19.0. Bus tools. , yard Immediate (20OO one or two lde. with Noble 5mlb. Real Arcade. 9788. B..t I tr. P.slon. H.r.n O"ln. .. Broker. 677 each ID-acres. Close to Leonard' Corner 5t."ar. 0'N..1 built on high colorfully laadI - walklnc Estate. 124 8. Main. Bv all means see it at once. Price, cash. Mr. Lane Good- .tID. N. Lan Mr. dlt.n ; Realtors; 5. 691. TVANHOE LAKE Just above. Hi- with terms. Ask for Mr. I II i win. Inc.. Broker. 677 N. Orange; I scaped. ". condition. For gradoss 1855. Price. (2ROO. term double room 11 ' CLOSE I-Uncth. tnforma- I boon; dial 23153CLNILTOWI Rb COLLEGE PARK Convenient to View. I 135' Move In. New I|I 115.0.with Harold Shepherd Realty I dial 9855. i I livincthis la one yon would I LAKE FRONT-Grove .D home; 10 with Herman Goodwin. toe Broker. h. tore*, bus and schooL Furnished i Masonry Bungalow. 2 large Sto".r. E Washington St. |I be proud of. Immediate possession. ..r. of barln. .ro. tree are |I 677 N Orange: dial 9 S5. tlon pi.."I.pho. 7435. bungalow of S large bright and airy living room with 1 !I;| PINEY RIDGE ROAD-A few mi.I II Priced to sell quickly much under .< In .o.ondlton room home modern 'i I LAKE VIEW-Home, grove and gar- re'S.b S8ttBLRRY Axalea Lodge. rm.breakfast nook; lifetime roof i kltcb.n. pretty ,1 LAKifFRONT-Attractive block bun- I,I out. Lovely location on 1.k. S i I replacement cost on to.,'. m.rk.. and in excellent i|I den land. 9 acre rich land all riding horse Yon ci'e Allen 140 f fN. tie ralow with two broms. sun i room concrete block buncalow. :I ,. condition on'' Aericss Plan Hotl 95. Jobnn B.lor. garage. (7500 mortgage. ; Call Charlotte C. with D.ld : completely furDlse. cleared: warm spot. Good 6-reom flshtnf. bunt1 I .uon. Winter room ."to. horn In well furnished *- ; 8613. la I O. C. Sle..r Realtor O'Neal Ar- porch, large living sloping rom .lh fireplace I furnace: fireplace with, Hr.t--Lt.r I Andrews. Realtor. Winter Park. 151. paved road. For house 300 ft. from lake front; new lovely ' good on tile bath living condltou. \ Home I ICOLONIALTOWN cede. : porch oh.r I this property 4 la On Park. i I I on see. ly painted. acre grove. 14W._ Screened front porch I 100 feet on sparkling lake. [, palms and .ulrn. An YALE tt.ndln 8'A eu 11.1 II.e i ; PN. ptlon AVE-W'-Bi.loS rot Louis S. good town near Orlando ESTHER ST. 414 K.-Double room; Inc porch electric (7 9SO. -Immediate poe.- I A 2' bedrooms: plastered 1 15 BOO. terms. c.1 Peter STeen wthO'H.r.Mr i j I 500. Phone Winter Park. nlrl :j' DU.e. Wahln.ta mile city limit electricity.A . 2 doors from bus clrls preferred. Allen Johnson. Realtor. 140 N. lion. Perfect condition inside andout. walls. Newly painted. Nine a..lt. 109 E. 13 1SR.I Chef In kitchen. Screened pnh: attached ph. 8412 | on concrete road: QUEST modern con an"e; 8812 -Specializing la O-!;. Unfurnished 5 room and bath and clean. A.all.bl. We have the 1 ILKEVW I II I PRINCETON VEvac W. a.ra. Procession Cash > SMALL-Ideal tar man. ready retire: : real bay for (9290. Good term ROI8 I front and back 2-238. I Move! today. I II Jim M. Caldweil with Asher Peter porches key. C. | yet outdoor activities ..mencH. ; no chil CLAY ST.-Frame 4-bedroom house; srene carage. shady well ( I'I Immediate possession ;i I Bungalow 2 bedrooms. t-iht i er easy trrl. Pkp.9 80.. R h..I. Box ; lteIrul' Realtor cor. Central and Main Palm Tourist Home I Price. (6 withHermsn | or 2 bath: on I O.I.ron compact new Emp.kt. Ral\r. O.n"e On.r. 6&l.r. drn and 3 lots pt. , cor.r l. 10115 t. I (10.000 OO home for n..t I..n. 2-O796. 677 I dial . bllt.r 7345.I 6010 Chn. HI.b.a7.J 1.0. term only house. With beach and fishing pnvileges. I I I scaped fruit trees. Make offer and BARGAN-. about 20 In Call Bland. Ray Holeomb I I I IEILLCREST frame bungalow - ATE.2939 One double room; j tr N. Orange: 2-551. R.lI with O'Harra-Moore. N. Orange: : : (45OO with easy term A bar- i I cet a bargain. O. C. Ste".r Realtor I I! JTE. 1217- Small boose. Valencia on LAKE MARY 5-room and rear line. Please telephone 2-1159 COLONIAL GARDENS E. Pine. For R.lt.2-23. : of lS 2 I i I ..a t orsoms ii investor. Call Mr '|I O'NeaIArcade9788. | bath; kitchen. Out beautiful lake nice site for hunting and bath: freaK blind: 3I - tu Venetian 10 porches; SuD.7 2-7404. i bn bedroom bungalow Kost at ' some i I 1 I MID IRON DR. 36r.. room; frame Sro bun.al. In the best ment c.1 '259.CHITW. all for Frank lurlure'l. I I PRICnON8O e-i. 3- i sale, (10 OOO. C. L. Oneal. Box 364. rargarage: 10 scres g land: cit7 private bat eune. (20 of cndlln. oU.re cmplft.a fur 507 M 16.0. Crb. 2-1710 I I> LIVINGSTON AVE.. 1635 and 1637 1 i I 1 COMPLETELY FURNISHED two bedj j| Hllnes City, Fia.I I II water etc. This will move quicklyK - per .k. Pbo. *- 761. e"t 153O 110.0 excel Three bedroom C"hon. I i I| Fast-2 houses on same lot One. Including piano washing machine. room block constructed house near met now Price (7 500. (4400 cash. AVE. North.i Upstair*. lent terms. Weir S7.t.m Pine: I IVANHOE I with 2 bedrooms living flat silver and all furnishings witn Lth.r schocj. Price (4.750. Rouse 'I j I 15-ACREGROVE-WIth crop. 170'1 balance (35 mo. Mr Dorman wttnJ. ORANGE 'f men or a 4641. 68 I furnished home home, completely furnished: ro-1| room combination kitchen and bath. the exception of linen. Has electric I v.cnt See H. C. wolkinc :'I I acres land. AU for less than (1OO P Mattex Broker. 145 N. Main; for two .0rk On 1310' corer electric kitchen with 1 bedroom living an acre. Wm O. Rencher. Broker. 28 I IE. B. Sea today. had.o lJr cirI ,; The other kitchen and circulating apace heater Lth.r. P.. 'I 58O9. cupl.ROOM AND For men.Phone CLNIL.m.1 bou.TWN-NaI7 cn.enl.n.f.re tot oak nor lifetime ""roof. Owner i j I culatinc A be."r. and lnda.1 I|i'I loom Reasonably kitchen priced.and bath.Can be Both bought new. I!|;I Inspect this outstanding buy that ';: I YOU WISH independence from Washington.Park. Ph. 9620. 6414 Winter j> NORTH-Weui 17-92 Hichway. 3- BAR 2 la"n COfor.bl. I you may occupy immediately. Price cr".r l.: close chopping cen .tr.ctv.1 i i ii prices. Go back to the bedroom famished housed chicken 9227. tr. Immel.S possession. Owner will consider reasonable offer for I i 1 you ran move Int. with or without frltur.. Immediate i 10.5. trml. J.menn and C.r.r. .Jqn.'o. 2 bedroom residence 1 I 25 ACRES-18 in crove. Valancla I runs: garden; house la excellent condition . . with Box ROOM-Wtth twin (10 114.5. P.ubD _cesrlon. SSt.r.I Phone and Parson Browns. 4 larce LARGE b H.mp\n St. Broken cooperate. i tr. ReltorL with deep and shallow wells I .Cn -room j price (5.250. Eammle Fran- weekly. 107 Kennlson quick **le. Terms. See Reggie Moffatt :j 456 : I LAKE VIEW Suburban modern. Buster) Carter. 9516. of land location Forrest City ; house with oak trees on spring fed etrco. Realtor; room 4 Central Arced 6INOLE Business woman CORNELL Must be old atonce. IVANHOE SECTION-It's a masonry I roomy bnnsalow. Servants qusrters. where blrdsonxs pl.c trifle noises. lake: (16.000. terms. Lola Royal. 7407 _ _ RM-Pr PARKKESEcO ; rfe"ne ru oa bu Tl AVI Inl 3-bedroom borne: wit 0 P. Swope. Realtor 6 East : hardwood bungalow with .sm.nt .Indo.s PIC 115. Call bay 2-199. *.500 furo*.hed. Terms to re nonslble Broker. 2-0672. j! 40-ACRE FARM-Feme1: Lake County - floors .. . I rf. I I W. Church. fished Offers Prescott V Steele. Broker. , line. 2-112. ot non. sl.r I .a..e .panm.n. es person I 4-room house: dstekea run* etc. poD. tifully landscaped tot b..I.r(4750 b.u Pine. Phone 5812. After office hours I 2 b.tb.nice It bdrl and of bautfu tile LONcSWOOD-5-room house and I:than 2-3 will b, Phone 2-IOOB._ _45_ W Central Ave.BUItflAt.OWNew |153.:. Acreage tor Sale j (5OO down- C2.5OO tetal price. Practically - 47lJRental Agencies will handle. Sting Real E ia .1. sod | bath: garage. Deep well. AsphsltI I :; submitted. Better check this tile"eon. nwtlonin j a gift for someone wanting completely Church; It. 3 call I fumlbe. You couidntrepisce I I street. C In nice grove full of I II I, Don Dudley. Resltor.phone 2.14 es.ett.nt n.lehbnrt'nn4 Furnthe5 1 FLORIDA SHORES On Orange'I independence Will cenctder trade on LANDLORDS: -W. will supply you desirable 835CAEIY 2"0.HOI I (10.0OO. it T.\.7. Hastingr.the price Realtor.of fruit IOrO: stores post office. ROU NO. IS.-5 acres excellentI ( Win Royal wicker 2omfmi 7? I|' Blossom Tr Only 3 highway tract city property William Matthews with free of charge and SECTION 5 6 Central Arcade school and churches. Price reduced to I furnished home and well- 11. -: left. Lake frontage. See our sign. Sam Hutrhins 306 8. Main. 7811.6ROOM . 4237. 1 I "nant : obligation. J. phone .your vacancy. ( 3 I H. 110.0 with terms. F. H. Black i| shrubbed grounds. A place you will r-ir15 I Georgt Painter with Asher Peter. HOUSE. btb. 2-ecreeaed bt. : IVANHOE SECTION-Exceptional location phone 21. buys Realtor, 70 E. Central: 2-0786. Veterans Real Ectat Agency. Orlo like at M cO fruIt ne. 138 Vita. and 2-bedroom : .S75. Ter Kelv7.Brokrn. d'C wt-r bo* i porches 10-acrea of laad. 40 price: bungalow St. I 1..t 1..r.\c. 29 S. Court 2..81. (1950 26 Central. LAKE FRONT-iS acres iii city urn- PI. (6.900-Lake Front: 2-bedroom con otta. : electric 6 BeastS Sheo-| trees Priced to sell C68OO. See owner HELP find a rental I Highway (5SOO. any ranee w.te heater: .. w'h ira at Altamonte Springs: 1 block Road. Rt. 4. Box 622.jTicDROOM . WE you crete block near highway. attached ..n... 6000. ROBINSON ST. E.-Doctors! Atten > Realty Co E. Washlna-ton I Currytord WI size house trailer on trade. MURIEL -r 2 bus line: over 9OO ft., frontage on , charca. Ph. 7593. AVE. 4 West. for Mnl V.t.ran 11.ll only; 2 bedrooms; carace. term*. Hlnten Realtor. 7632.JAMAJO I tion. Perfectly .r.n.e for office I pavement: high quality soil. 8OOO ft.. FRAME Bncatow. Real Estata 29 I IU.1. end home. - COLONIALTOWN living A .D7. 8 Cous thoroughly screened porch gas and electric .cr l -Small furnished -3 virgin pine saw timber: choice tocatlcn -! I clipboard sound five room with cottage 0 Open house 2 t 5 Sunday afternoon. room dining room modern kitchen.service ATOSrRT roInwM 1 laundry tab*. 4 Beach RentalsWE t.I5-rom .lrm.; corner roomy carace luDalo. block 3 nice 10. Buy today move in tomorrow come and H this frame home of ,. porch with stationary tk. for ouiet suburban home or kitchen chicken house equipment barn. 6 acre big. Mr. Hunts with Herman 2 floors fire place in I I tub ter rr"ttr"n. subdivision: bargain for cash. 3250. 4. hall bath. tJ tf. 99.575-4 acres and borne; or nice homes convenient bd.m : brom.many bearinx grove with 30 acre of land aD & IneBroker hi. n.eettce C. D. Talo,25l6N Orante. 5644 available for .r. 6T7 N.Oran Automatic hot w.t" ' RAVE S few room highway packing house available.Bibbard Colomaltown Investigate .G.m. ,1.ln. rm. ri completely furl.h.d. corner lo. .. ".tfl. I IToIl and eater "m paved road. 9 miles Fbral .D Marh American Casselberry phone Winter at ( Front house furnishedand h..te.1 car ,a..e. a aumbr of .' Price 112. terms. Prai 1.. tf ie .ml.k '1' LANDS In the sand hills about 34 f-om downtown Immediate possession ; 8Vain. Pan Bathing Park 12.0.0.. Call MIss Fisk with JAMAJOWhere gentle breexe I rca t"1 Ti house .Itb a 75 foot I I; Crebv Realtor phone 2-1710. I '-. A. Hutchlns. 2O6 miles West of Orlando city limit *t (15500 Terms M J. Mo**, fishing. Call Paul at Ocean 783. Broten.ln.Ue. O'Harra-Moor Realtor 2-2 lOa blow.. 2-bedroom home I excellent I llt 15 0. with 225 foot frnt:!i j SUBURBAN-Close to city limits; 5- 7811.A1rnNrTriN 'I (125 to (175 per acre. rStb. Broker. 132 South Mala phone Lodge. Coco Florida. E. Pine. condition, living room attractive I j nr and In Lake County about one mile B.c __ wit fi: .185.0. ,1 room house; 3 lot; garage: utility ClyllnaWf 6977 or 22070.SUBIIRBAIINIce.. . 49. Business Rentals DUPt.ExThis e'attractive corner I fast piece nook dining and room enclosed, front Hall Bros.. Agency Realtors, 112 N. !i I building that can b converted into I S-roooi can now home bund. for both.. rood orp rovtlocatlon. land.South(1000.la of .Usoon. 20 acre cleared new. tile Bungalow - east tide bath II.i : completely re- 2 fine property on present U.IDI modern acre COLLEGE pARK-2 bedroom Spanish porch large tot. terms. Orange Ave. Tt4. 5159.MAITtANDThat qu.rer Okaloota County about four 5 rooms Pe otcuetten .v4 fvv'ntvt. OD roof and la tip top one of the bt home Incomepossibilities 110.5 P.ry fUJ.b.d: .Ien. In ..nl land cleared. Highway 3to miles OF OFFICES Apply tile cb.p aD J.menD A 70 Z. kitchen: A1 for "OO. ran miles North of Crestview. 40 acres. RalSn. JC s Fruit tree and dandy owner I I le. bath: bcen I I IcR4 I I out (5809. terms. O. A. Deariac. Pal Bnod 1217 North W. L. Linton. Realtor.l.Uo. 1 only two In family"ilnPl far toolarge C.ntrl; phone A T. C.rer 1518. house and yard: fruit trees .oeeee for Cfvni n.lf SO* so* I ex oil and mineral richta. 400. Broker. County 39-R-I5. In Santa Rosa County on St. Mary Phone "List With Linton.- and have made an HALEY SCHOOL SECTION-Modern very neat little I II .' shrubs: plenty of other lad .v.U I loan "P Bound. Realtor I 2.4 4-room cottage. Lot 50x150. I I the east side vf Lake able Ideal for B'da672 Orance: dla'AINT I De Galvex Bay. 103 acres waterfront OFFICE SPACE for rent .t.no sell, 1.1 price t enrar1 Fine cottage near I : dt l.el. _eeffa 56. Business Property for Sale 10 miles from Milton aolL .. bedrooms and goodequipment 1 about garden Price. Sybeba craphie and service. t* buy I : oYr. : Park ' tlphon. ltn.te 'capny I 53.0. tn't . Dtcksong 423 8. CLOSE IN-Excellent l.U. short ] and Ana with furniture throughout ;; .. upstairs or and 20 miles from Pensarola. C5OOOj walk t school aom. House < 1me. C.1 O'Hara-Mor.and look Inc. G.1, C77 Hen.n. G.ln. 'ran be had at sm. reduction. Out I!I phone 2-4229 after 5 pm..nmeus j Gile_ F Lewi Metcalf Building__ APARTMENT Frame home excellent STORE RI for nnS 3.O: ..u'.b h. living room. Raltor.. your Dumb dl I lof town It!" Call 'I YOU GOT NO BOMWrJ | ORANGE BLOSSOM TRAIL Where condition containing 5 furnished I 1856. o.n.r .an--5l SOUTH New concrete block house: i Owner has we.other bath glassed-in sleeping apartment fo .bulne. 18 E. ine. Mr. Morski with i I most people travel Florida' Main Av. Prk. brD garage: at 2-28 10 K SCHOOL-New cottace: ca O'Hara-MOe. Bal I owner 1..1ne. must- sell. 1295 I I have some n**+ O"**. Fur- four return (170 per month. The best . PIh furle balance ton 2-O836: 10 Pn. Slayton. Realtor. E. | Street. Limited number ZH. 5 and ,, term . SINGLE OFFICE-New building. (65 Jamerson and DUDR SECTION mot at (1.000 u. terms. 1 32 Pine 61. n...en' ..nf.p. Ci 1 bargain we have Only (13.500 1' C.rr. lO-acre tract (2OO to (350 per acre. masonry constructed City water. 2-3433. Orlando and T7 500 Painter with Asher Peter, per month. Call R E. C.rn.an ton E CentraL P C.r tr.c'.e Broker NORTEAS-Bt"Hn SUBURBAN LAKEFRONT HOME more 1n to. P. .5" terms. Jim M Caldwell with Asher ,>iGeorsre' 24551.STORES. tr. _ _. hom.for bedrooms and unfurnished ex- KUHL AVE-NuBst buy In Or- struction. Modern. -cncr. con I t Completely furnished and modernI and ..n W L. I"eon' Peter. Realtor corner Central and ;!;I Realf/tr. TO E Central. 2-4J786 Move : tic rpt rdn.e.tr lando bungalow ot.a. In every respect. All electric kitchen. ScoltreOTt Orange. Lake front; doa to. plop - FOR N. Or- I Main: 2-0786. APARTMENTS Ave. RE-. CLNILTWN Mo.r.3- bath and kitchen: ."clnt rdltoQ and 3 bedrooms: 3 lange tots: city water city fire protection. Com Over 2OO' on clear sand-bottom lake ,'-440. List with I inten.T"Ofl I I |I 2- tory duplex: rooms and bath aot ; Abt. with bath pletely (35OO. Exclusive price. 1O ACRES excellent land with build- Emerik. Ba\r Large lot with avail 112.5 .ne. ter. tovaly ; several bearing fruit f.rlb. with boat and motor. 75' dock and each apartawnt. Also cottage comfuralahed. - 610 N. Orange: l.n C. Smith with with Realtors 118 134. David ; ins material place. For quick on C Ch.rl" Orlando BU.rlo'Nel. E i Ideal Kcattoa. Impoaaeaatoo. - to stores. bus lawn Plus - power mower. T"ln.-for : the Comfortably able. Baa by door. P5VE PVN an rfr'c7 SQUARE An"r. Winter Pak. ..a co RCbll"n: fi trHs I sale 1000. Term McKelvey, Broker. (17JOO. Elcltt- 1&0 P o d.aabl Immediate possession. .Ral& Il .Itl. Quick possession. 2353lORT flowers and .p.lou. .nnoreenitv. this It. 2-room stediste w.r" *pac rid n.rclUU furle. to (1100. for & This .1 "ul.17-so you better i 17500. tra. R7 A. Miller. Ra *v, well braceS You I 64 E CentraL I: else with C P. Shumway. Realtor. o et7. Phone 2 11. quick .. Exclusive. "J hurry. 18.5. cash. balance tor. 213 ..i Phone 2.952. I "the '>rma... 0 Box SMLitiIipnruw. 40 ACRES-Finest warm citrus hammock 140 NOrancy dial 2-3282 118 Robinson: DUBDRp.nl b.n..lo.will terms. Mr. with J. P. Mat- EAST SIDE- I land. Price (5.600. T JLindorff. SITE Ideal locattoo. 50. Wanted to Rent O'H.R.ltr. I aieepincporch. tox. Broker. 145 N. Main: 58O9. ; new: 2-bedrooms: Itssire Realtor. 438 R. Main, phone BtTSIJfBSS 100 ft. on Orance Ave. .. Fronting 2353.I (9.8OO furnished. For full p.rt.ula. Three six room 51 1'0 Idl. A. Winter 2-3983 or 2-473T. : with depth of 180 n. CHEROKEE PARK Corner overlooking bdrO. Ilme! SUBURBAN mile out Northwest and Railroad : ' APT.;.or house, 1m park. Walking distance. 2 tee Martie Wala Realtor. LAKE FRONT-3-bedroom lurlbe bo.. r.b I P I. 1 (100 DOWN 1 acre high land paved Quick action required. Jane Bros.. D cbra c. beat re stones. 3 bedroom and sleepingPorch St PbOe (106. home ready to move lto carage. too foot l plenty of j 1 2 room borne and 1new I Fi''TIC-Mnd wn tbta week road near Zellwood (525. P.O. Box Broker. 235 W. Main dial 7559.BUeiKZBS . lrm. . .. b permanently na shade. S10.SOO excellent tenuto sinS b'i* r wS I : 1H baths. Handy to swinucinc. fishing and ; a.ltiu1.p I 2 bed 1n. 1350. Orlando. b.tl room LOT in College Park fast shOl. bo. .m.nblok tlaa. rrr WIll repair palnt Needs decorating inside, but DAYTONA BEACH o. front and a at .Pbl. .h. F ap!1 on 5 faclnc irsneulow se-I,a vin-ff business laGOtDEN FIVE ACRES on Golden Rod Road growing business district. This par 4147 9 with p..a ccf etcn richCa' J. 128 .cd. PbO. t family ho. Our brat buy at (12.t t home. 3 br : aa 1.0 L. Linton. B.lor I pllm.n'. .a R.I. Mor. highway, more than 5 citrus t.I ? IswIsh n "..' wetateAeeue'w with electricity available. asSO.I tiralar tot faces- street a fine oan.e. 5. tr. Exclusive with Hnckel-; electric .nant'* quartera.Completely Orance. Phone 2lt Phone 5812. After .6hOz r I special price for both 112.0 0 V..r." I liberal term W. A. MrKenney, 4850I Investment or a good business toratton. - , APT.10yearoW or house I.MUSh Copl. and .; 118 I Robinsondial farnlbe. Autmat. oil With UDt. 2-4080. :; I Terms you w .It 7 t Court: dIal 2.411.t I Cheney Highway. 2-7144 Only (1(50 on liberal term ed. bb.e. f.n. to 1 Thelroa KinesiS with Canicaa * 2353CLNL * SACRIFICE equity ia 10 acre . phone 468$. at (16.000. Sander and SUford. Rail Bros- 112 t WILL 672 . II A&n"a.lt >I citrus land Can 2-1659. Boland. Inc. M. Oraase. phone ; married cou ReclinesDaytona Beach 97O LAKE FRONT Thoroughly modern HAS 2-4551 AART-ma frame I Ole A. Te 51B. r ' 490 landfrontere GAESMoer NORTHWEST mile ,. and (10O DOWN Acre pet: 2 oo New block. bungalow. masonry ! Irm. l Houl DUDRED.r" 2-b- 3brl modern 2 d New email boose with feet on lake, wo ft. on paved hid- CHURCH ST W 920-03 ft. frontage - resident. ; block - neat Box tiled . .2 bedroom ar I r b. ."r. l. baths. Floors .u br.rm' SUBURBAN 3-bedroom bungalow, D"r.. 8 miles Orlando near Winder- ; large 3-bedroom bongo; bFowner. Large lot. 10 trees. way. iiJtTML1t-r-3-ruuw steeping Newly needed Or will Large tot. 2 I b.a. .r. coed high citrus . ; clues la: r".e lo p.h ,1.15. 1.5. Cram U. furnished. Immel.te possession. I : (6OO. Box 191 K-8tar. ( 300. term 7-7912. resIdent. p. and dHrt. Pi (11.COO .. part down Immediate ae. sprinklers. Sa.a I : close to bus. On bu lie'.. 175. Perkins withParrich $2 750. term I mere ma.n' B 1& and neighbort. Small down lake elms to Orlando COLORED OR WHITE-2-roosu house, unfurnished electric possession. Price reduced to (20 : Real ; Pine: S ACRES OB APT. er house: 1 In iduC P IUhe 0.R' Price $5300. 3 E Winter Park-3-bedrooio furnIshed (2750. Hampton Broker, 531 furalated.; electflcUy and water; bl C stove Ben- near bu*. Overspin S. Hue, with Robert R. I M. BnaLi priced area near R.e ftlx elu rfr.rt.. .D with Stables. D. ar. .f tor. 13 W. waxhinaton. T. i Hen.. G I Bre.6n 2-16. ___ house near Orlando Af. U3.WDter | H. Orance. 5O13. chicken house and 2% acre good Rldl O wt B 674 SUBURBAN ROME Modern responsible couple; Brossler. Williams. Realtor. 3- garden aofl: (1SOO caak. 2 sad 4/10 21 c1 w. O. M M phone 2-2561. M.r 61. I room; furnished or Park In 2- miles from Tinker RoB Field out C&tar anu. for Sale APARTMENT Or cottage: location Wan Phone 110 I L FRONT-Lovely new frame I NORTHEAST SEC'I'ION-Ssx-year-old I Butane gas; cabinet ktbD J..I Ibln. :-;i 54. LoU Tamp*. Ave.. Tloeland Rd. E. J. Betttaver. - DUBSDREAD-Owner. leaving elty. 2 bedroom home: tot150x400 modeca bungalow b .D Nt . Io lt not water heater 2br late not Important S Bear bu l. offers his 2 bedroom bungalow (9.500 .PI.l C U. on nicely r :=Owner's" County. 11 frpl. ervel and porte 1, BEAUTIFUL LOTS On bus Hoe .nur. For COLLEGE PARK-Modern ,, completely for Taylor. 2516 N. or must see this to spprerill. Its valueat I s.e. 25O. lake hHa In timber C43O GROCERY STORE-Excellent small (35 limit. 3br fur. 1. O.k'l 54 I rhr. ..i lt. ; term A. T. Dorsey, bustaest. (6SOO buy stock .da. b rf. bungalow adjacent tree. M.OOO with Jaaaenoa and 1 mace your Broker. grocery Call St..a' HL Exclusive shopplna renter. 75' t l".nt nor .o.f.JI. 2211.LKE Carte Realtors.tr.. Phone SOUTHEAST SECTION-Coxy btU tI 44 o W Church: 4412. and fixtures reasonable lease. Ask a... oU2.BAD Price Can C l.nd.aP. lt. DI. OB todav's IVANHOE SECTION-Atta J ;i-A. T. fBnnerl Carter.Catr I borne .JI kie. er iSlb"SEt O5--Tij. for C-190 Harold V. Condtet. Realtor 1106. .. I'l mart-t Call Ray Lennon with Joe cottage built Just 918. | large lot. A Golden. Broker. Orlando and room with bath for M.rl .1.. Realtor. 21 W. Rator.2 W. Washington prices.. Immediate bfor Six: i 2-ttedroooi house prteI -I outside city limits convenient to bus I A.e Cle Orance. Winter PaiL j C10O each (10 down: (5 monthly 3? E. Central. 6137. .1.r1 gentleman la private fam St Phone 81O6. Dial 6638. rooms Wen 1100 a\ NORT-Il owner wants to 1'.ve.Harlan. Price only (1.500. with I I Cell 2-34Z6 daytime er inquire at & 0. Ya round. Phone 3-2738.& doctor. D 11.0.. SI Broker. Call 443L I Realtor. 3 B. Pine; COSt poe Foshee. .. 4 ter p.u. I 2600 8. Fern Creek Ave. [Continued On Next Pare] 4 4 , , . ." - ., - "' ,0--- 'a . . f . .5 Coot from Precedint Fife] 169.: Saline Opportunities I I 16C. Business Opportunities Mister Breger I I 73-1. Auto Parts-Accessories'j I 75. Auto for Sale_ 1 7!. TraHrrs-Trpcks (or Sale I f (t>rlan' n rnttirLTh1.R..FE' ,II. Bnalnes Property for Sal LOCATTD ON R\TJ 17-92 Nor h.New I j iSxMMr OOx 1941 4-dcot s-din New i ir: 5 tnburbia " TLuUs. 1U7 IDE pant : AUTO BOOT end-Plnt Shop 11.11 badlna. luamI sod hone 7L:16. O. u soc smenPcniiac uGrid r'I ."-, (JiO10'A CVL: inea. n-. a- : 6, 47 PA IS 17 :HIGHWAY baatncH location home Grocer/ living .u.rer. 113J ; .xr.l.ntc.UOt o. tnp lee?, ColonialT. : E Rp. Ave. vtMnni.Ki i Pt.ce '1'J_ (67J ft Service fot drinks. try. .Psewu leodsea ha.Void 12 ,1 ar. tr. etc rlbL cen X buildings; oppor .t.U. 16.1.. wIth etc. Prin ..ta1n. and Car- o_ -A sues for trucks and aa- DO2G 9Ci. runr.int. 10 I-- ' a.U t.e.tr. ".0 .S. le.M.rl Main.214S4. ter. 70 E.11.0eO. Phone'A. T. Car tomol& government surplus.: S lookics New -- - term. Gt R.lt. J. C.nua DODGE 1942 tractor and 28 n. 5tro Ba. W. ter. 9518. i A Te .. Garland and Robinson 1295. Stivera-Pontiar. 62 W ColoDESOTO ventilated 2 niaLORAMOK !' I Zbf : pbon U41. _ n..I._ priced to aeil..toDdIUone tr.ir SMALL GROWING BUSINESS -Can ia ' JUOC DOT-Beaattrol view; rueathome. BUSINESS LISTWOS JACKS-5-ton at 114.25 and -1946 convertible coupe; Service Station. and i of home TUCK (OlODa 10 furnished; t bedrooms Harlow O. NJJ I opr.td out your.0.1 : Fiustone. radio and foe Ilbta slickest thing land phone 2-81. EXCELLENT USED COUPEo re. Bu per ; , .Jrl. lane porch; turacUbeet .roln. 17 .k 1275 and n'.l87. or.n.1 I I town: .ofer. 2-O807. ea.a.rr.- O... total including -c. BnnahimePark. tn.t.D& 14. f I 41 de luxe I DODGE 1>41 actor truck: TaBy ; li ltn truck: ,. DETt coupe: cr I equipped good tires 9 forward mol sive poseea- BUSINESS part payment balance WRECKER CRANE 2 booms I'' rdo nerdl.*. low mileage; etra IOB Immediately. Beady for barer OPRT ac B hand .winches, complete 1. has had >I speeds transmission. 2-spced ash; 4 f fI fI cmp.rment. opnt. Side tank 1942 PLYMOUTH so rnlle load Income; balance season. 12. Prescott V. Rm. 11'1. .It m raise and 10..1 perfect care. 0. w 1 t U- best cash !SI.lr. etc.. 112. Or coed terms. pbs Johnson Loans can b* swlvelrd. Holmes. 819' j dividual only; ph. j jDESOTO C's 61. hank W. dial Fou.dr. 2 K.le. Special DcLux Co.. 8 Main.ORLANDO I Holier Chevrolet. 115 W. Central. I t -1940 4-door aedan; A.l; 2-1 --- FORD Brand used 16O | new. never : AVK.-aomeona toererlookiac BB DRIVE IN-Complete price. 11045. U9 falban.Winter I. H. P. V-8: one and 4>-ton this delrableproperty.. It &Wt plenty room for ezpao.a,I I INSTALLMENT LAS cost yon less I I Pak. phone 21 or without brand new flat bed; O"DI..It U a nice looking property frDtm Lat -Main Drag. .ar I I I at the First B.nl Com 74. Antos-Trallers Wanted ESSEX 1930 coupe. (165. For fur- 'I 200 feet OB Hlway 11-98 for I. Stp right in and take over pare these costs. When I for ) \t ther information please telephone ,, -I Apartments besides the owner's .D 101 Harlow d. 118 8 10.you set 8 03-Payments 8.34 AUTOMOBILE WASTED-Want any Winter Park 21 -M. I FORD PICKUP-1937. (4' New tag. Super DeLuxe of $300 monthly Orange. 6168. 8 Coin get 139-Payments 12. usable car. any size or model: M. 43IS Lexington: after 5.J p.m an Inm. '22JOO.OO. Call O-Har- D I 8 ::. you set 186-Payments 18 87 Ehlr e W. Colonial; 9 a-in.. t FIAT.Fist .4(1 or trade my new '46 I Call 2- 31. Truck Is_8 hp roaal P lOa & AND PACKAGE i 8 30O, you set 279-Payments 25 OU _,_ cOD.erlbl. coupe-sedan frost 121for I I FORD TRUCK-1946 I'o ton: dual BAR Batn J21 ' r I ( ! .. lease: going& 400. yon set J7-P'nDt 33.34 I AUTOS-Red tape Not if take difference Ellwood .he.1 refrigerator body this Uk : i iC.U Ev.n. A. P. CLARK blnu Iu Mr. 11,. I' SOD you get 46P.rlnl 41.67 ns your car; we pay 471. little Will trade for Harold Shepherd S Co 20 E. yon set IJP.rmelt 83.34 $ 9767 after 6 and : I FORD-1941 2 do la.1 1946100h model *. ton Orlando Fish and POOlI - L8" 'Lr. Figures include pa 9. p. V-8 new i try Co. 246 W. Church . ; phone 6124.BEAUTX lnur.n" \ Starlet 615 N r tta le. 4i7. close in I clutch. 608 E. Y.bn.t irc INC.Ph. In case Na p MOTORS tourist trailer of I I i AUTOS WANTED-TO sell at auction Lnnnton. I. I FORD 1938 S-ton pick-up truck: . prp BALON. c.bl. p.rl T. Bank at o floor. \ aaI b ldti FCiRD-i935 4-door good tires. good condition telephone erty 1 U.r each Fri. Everybody sells only Id.n. ; owner DO ha fi. city; .U I SO. R. I e.r. S3 S. W. Central, la chance Enn. 2-0331. a early and avoid 'come buetntL fo f quipped excellent ; Ivey 1 dealers buy. Come phone S296. S. McClam. 2-O74S N Oi.injo Ave 'a b and in.tnL I with Howard. 306 N. Main; 7325. I \ the rush. Holly-Robson Motors Auction -I lr. FEDERAL-1939 tractor-truck: ! ,s right and ..e& trl. t' 6%. Loans Up t $300 2120 S. Orange Blossom Trait FORD 1 3S -2-door ledan reconditinned. -I equipped. (695 Fruehauf 28 laY !. ,. CEMENT PLANT completeWith Prophltt and part BL 5OO ; i n'PDlb beln. CASH-For 1933 to 1936 Ford. Chev- H.u.htn. I Tat semi-trailer. (1150 Can be seenworking. for abov 2V, Kent mixer. ,I AUTO Frltare. Diamond 1'1 W. Central; 4853. n Florida Die Casting Foun- .-4 1 Ohio. B Et.t& I RobIn automatic tamper tin good |I Econmy F.nce Company. !1 L1- rolet. or Plymouth. Phone 611. I FORD-1935 4-01 sedan good tirea. I I Idry. 123 W. Haley; dial QUALITY CARS condltidn). All other necessary equipj I j I MnuM. M.ta Bolldi HOUSE TRAILERS-For qUIck sale, 8350. R S. 101 W Central, i iphone 2-11 i, Evan CMC 1940 1' long wheel base: meaL T plant will be in oprauol 1 i Ing. 2-339. bring your trailer to our displaylot 5296 ,-tn. See Mr. McClaln TOURISt COURT or trailer alta. Pr: for 7O" obH".tn Sat. ..1. j I Ii i for 5% consignment. We arrange i, i van tight Good condltnn. '42 CADILLAC FLEET WOOD best location nearest Orlando .4 i 8th. Pl Illa t.Ie (2.0OO. CASH LOANS MADE'quickly. (10 to financing: take trades on your trailer I FORD 1940 2-door. mechanically !' 115 Call 4117 between 'a. m. and Sedan. Hydromatic. radio r.< iter. the best buy on the Oranse BII I Boier. I Orange. I 300. On your car or furniture. and give you the cash. Wingert, 3330 good: Priced to sell (995 This : very clean low mi race car TraiL Price Is risht. Jim W .I'.Da Pb Aetna Finance Co. 311 8. Orange South Orange Bloom Tr,1 Ph. 7593 I .1 on. Martin's Used Cars. 101 i' HOUSE TRAILER 16-ft.. W6. '41 BUICK SUPER . City well with Asher Peter. Rao. cr. I opposite I a N. 8tl. t sleeps 4; (95O D L Westherhead. i 4 door sedan Radio heater very Central and MaD: 2-788. CASH LOANS-Quickly mad on far FORUU. 1900 Iluc. radio Little Villas Trailer Park. South Or. > clean csr. SI 4SO ''otmxsr count-About 0' sets I Pfl.LXN0 STATION bargain this I nitvre. auto and diamonds. Or-v I DONT LOSK MONEY apa. tire P covers etc; .nle Blossom Tr.l. I '42 CADILLAC FLEETWOOD with 141 IL froohace hIghest week only. Good location. Will sell lando's own home Pinence Co* 307 will take r model in trade. Priv I HOUSE Silver 7 passenger sedan rent an-i h *vr 17-92. Hew 6-room cement blocs entire business. Key job. Equipment MeUralf Bldg. that 2-0304 W. high prices for any car. ate. 1402 W. Stetson anytime.FORD 27' .TARA.. and MO.. : Like new in evwy ca- House. Ko better location for tr' and inventory alone exceeds (4.000.1 I '"If was you. Doc I wouldn't believe everything I hear 1'1 As to 1947.. I 1942. Nice slick bu.lne. awning: excellent conditIon. priced '42 CHEVROLET coar T t .or tb. 111.1 (8.500 cash. Information a ofie.! RIGHT NOW-For men. and these days!" I coupe. A "I runs ."tra lo right to seU. First trailer at left ofentrance 2 door town sedan Radio E\r: c'.ean .ke Rcher.- only. Courtney Realty. 392 MOE alike on your glgnature. 242 N. Orange Ave. Ollns Used 8995 .. 62 W to Carolina Trailer C.m car. SI.395. ( car C. P. .omen ' Br"e. or B.t.1e. Bat. dial 2-241 I IPB or furniture. Acceptance Corporation Inc.D. C'r'j I FORD 1940. Nice clean sweet running i HOUSE TRAILER-20 ft Sn.e 41 CADILLAC Waln.t.. 48O N. Orange Friendly senric 65. Wanted convertible. well worth 81095.gttversPontlsc. : Dome; electria refrigerator permanent 1 Convertible roape. radio *nd !-rs'-: Male Av. Help 70. Work I Wanted tourist camp git*, -Male A real sporty job for M TV> TAI PARK Offices also and Winter H.nn 62 W. InD..prlnl bd. new awning on Highway .1 I C"I"nl'l electric LIke '43 BUICK SPECIAL . 1.13 INC. winti to bur your new COOK must experienced; apply 0 L Wants work Of kind VARNIR. FORD 1942 club coupe A-l condition . N.. rondos back eoo ft. to l.atlI in ,1 any : on-th. and sill pay highest 1417 29th St. Sedenette Radio nH >- *' SI 55? BTORZL.te at 54 N. iobtreining preferred pb. lrck Radio. new tires and ' : 'Uhlos and VcCI.mr' :I .lml. I QUICK CASH LOANS Furniture, Bst.urant 2-311. nnntediately. D. HOUSE 42 CHRYSLER Call Orange An.DIHW.HE. ..h pn. V.m.r. motor. 105 N. Rughey St. 4410. wagon S5.SOO. coe.d ,spot for note and auto 2-hour serv i TARIS' New Yorker Fluid dr\f Live create dnclmenL This store Is weU stocked accountsare l.n VETERAN-Married: mechanically inclined Studebaker Pelee and Service. in Mar : Dn1 Ad. .Ba&r. Wltr Prk. in good snap and I making ice. Family Lon .. 501 Jrd.Bank whit or colored; 8- : training. 234 W. Central Ave. Phone 2-315. FORD 1941 convertible coupe: will ble. Aloma sub-division. Stratby SI.700 ::63 money. Owner 1* Ill and will sell Bids- R Callls. m.n.ar. Sundays. HarrelTsRestaurant. I Call 27702.'Dt on-the'Jol LATE MODEL trade sell my equity. 123 N. Summerhn I Lane. Winter Park. Near Showalter '42 STUDEBAKER WASHINGTON ST. EAST-700 btoct for Inventory and accounts. You Phone 21681.t 496 N. Orang mr net SEDAN-WI St. Airport. Champion club coupe Rao in tvater. Duplex complet-ly flla home cannot rpla some of furniture I YARD WORK-Young colored man (et )41. Pat connrlble coup FORD- Model A. 1931. Phone Pfc overdrive S99S th OUT OF who ask for loan HOUSE income owner aide en tuntor I a here DAIRYMAN WANT experienced: I 3 days a week. Reliable. 446 W.Washington Evans. 4771. O. W. Kusel. 24761. ext. 1035: T Universal. beat '41 PONTIAC "8" .a \ .1.. -get on* Finance Co., 24 dlerDc.1 b _. baby wants more roonv Owners .tk no drinking toleratd: apply Glen St.JI7S'r EI.o ta een 5 00 and 6OO pm I condltlD. PI.a Convertible coup Radio uni -"at- pr. ea.t 8. Orange. rn' Phone oil heater Priced (9.000 terms. Prank will 2-3145. 8. Dstson F.n. Conway. SPORTSMAN 8 TRAILER .; : dsh. IqUI' $1.250 .It .rould 133.0. Robert E. at the Liberty In I GRADUATED high School. 1946 Prune Wole. I fro.t Crebs. Realtor. BoUdin Pot see W. B. I Eah.11 Shone. P.I.I ' phone 2-1710. 11 M.t I I8ACmCJ tore det.11. Si.. phone 2-1619.. FAMILY of 3 or 4 adults or 2 couples I and need a Job. Whet gas you of- 23 .. Job. Ed FORD-1946 Business Coupe. 4.OOO Trailer Part Mr Ostrander. 41 OLDSMOBILE 'Sic.< I Mat BE WISE-Get ready for personal to live toethe and workIn fec?_Box_$8_8-Star. Page A. HOUSE TRAILER-Tanden streamline. ,: 4 dor sedan. Radio and her this ns. furnished; I actual miles. Delivery I *. S1.275. Vut.l 3-bedroom GAS STATION WANTED-To leas. ft business from Ac.c.pt.ne laU hotl EXPERIENCED TRUCK or semi-van SPOT CASH PAID for your used cat. Imetl.tel 27 45 model practically new. , Fla. banlao. .. ...le. ft. business by reliable couple. Box 8-la. Corporation at 480 N. Or phone .- L" Wales I truck driver: or any kind of work; See J. C. MeKellar. "Your PackardDealer I complete with 1947 tag. (1795. R. S.Ev.l. See I 854 Orange BI Trail. j These cars aold with a 30 day c at. t Orlando or at Cocoa, FRUIT CHECKER experienced man. don't drink ," 342 K. I . SS750; S2-Ooa cash.Call .nl. or : ph. 20735. Orange Ave. Phone HOUSE TRAILER-Palace: per ma- auto. GROCERY- 42000 weekly Income; Haven. Terms best suited to Apply McCsll Fruit Co. at Parts- 5147. ' bed Jo with Vtterans1 Real nent : reasonable: price with j 400 N. Phone , Orange Ave. Asenci. 29 8. Court; da Zt.t. laces concrete block building; atre. you. borrow on your signature auto more and Robln.on.MCHINISTS 71. Airplane Sales and Service I TRAILERS 2-20 or 22 ft.. In need I awning. Lot No 96. Carolina Mon stock and fixtures cash furniture, nice home ; a bll.e. or other collateral.NEED adders, helpers and of repair for trade on two montbaold 4771. | Camp. Edgar Nelson. |I J. C. McKELLAR. INC. 57. Real Estate Exchanged E.t.". 375 Ip.r.t.. ; M23.GRHL Ra I lt-up. Speed Sprayer Co.. AIRPLANE WANE- exchangefor Spartans. Cheap. Also, will con- HOUSE TRAILER-1942. Streamline: "Your Packard Dealer" I" CASH Washington. new house and 510Cr trade of any trailer on choice good ' 112 condition. Lot 45. Get U hereon I Carolina . EXCHANOZ for real estate 1941 -Beer and .I.; ( ti0- your QtCYf Phon PAINTER'S HELPER-Must lot Will finish house. John residential or business property. or FOnDIHl and 19tZ. cx-t.Xlc.b. I Moon Park i 342 N. Orange Ave Phon" SHI'SEARS eludes stock furnished "curtr. us. b ezp. Orb Vista. Box 211 1'. Ha1ler'l Orange Blossom lots. Phone 593. 4or Id.ns. For pale che.p. bee aedanette for Florida Credit. rienced. None other pine lint .. Chn.ll. .p.te living qaarurs and lease. 2S78 K. I Hart Blvd. .t Clt C.I 243 S. Orange Ave. HOUSE TRAILERS-1946. Alma: 21': or good lots. Stalraay east of Grand Theater.ANT For information phone 2-0746. on FRANK REED really Knoas how 1940. . a .ma Robinson gee M. .11 W. K. Price. 246 RECAP MAN-Must b experienced PIPER CUB SALES and service. Immediate get the hlil doUa for your car & HUDSON good -1941 4-01 Priced ld.. Very. both Ro.dm..te.. excellent 20' le. tlea 8. Orange A. Apply in delivery cub traineroslid equity Why condtoD. r.un.ble.P.r Ray . prol Fretone. Or.nl .e. i mlnuta. $ we will finance L..n. Munson Apt. 1. LACUNA Los TIME. and super cruisers. Cubs T-Craft. give 'em ewe Give us a cb.nr do.n Fla. C.moDt Angeles BUC. CA. GOOD INVESTMENT and super cruiser for rent. Showaiter -I 201 N. Orange Blossom Trail; the b.laD. EY.1 Bargain Lot cor- | 783. .r. oe.n COIPIt PALESMAM-COLLECTOR We havean Garland and Amelia. I HOUSE ncr , 25 ft" like lovely. Airpork. 2 miles east of Winter BEST TAIE. FI.r. 11 furBe .. moen 10* net en a tnt edge Investment S you want to borrow money, youTl open d.blt Life lnsur.n. salary Park ] 8300 H USETRAI, WANTED I UNCOL-I96-: .' i new. 4, completeI 4-01 i I1i. ask lor : ready to serve We of- . with fireplace; attractive garden rom hard to find. 920.00000 cash fid.u, you. and Car e snU'1 I C J DeBruhl 420. I sd.n. "ren beater I ly furnished. me an offer. confidential service together ENGINE ratings on Grumman Klinger. experience not necessary. lot 8. Carolina (20000 per month from this rom TIN Phone | Trailer Park. living I patio; for comfortable oaa. tam with flexible terms. We 9. McCrory land sea and instrument. USED CAR I 2-887. try to arrange Bldg. EXCHANGE-Used building on Orsng Ave _ _ cars HOUSE or apartment In Winter Park I. LINCOLN ZEPHYR 1939 model I TRAdER-Factory made: 18'long lust training. Orlando Aviation wanted. See before : excellent as you want it. us sell enntht Veterl'l you I TANGERINE on.. two. or Loans I PICKERS wanted: Park 863. condition: fine and I ; sleeps 3. partly furnished: trat 1. Club. Ph. Winter I We par the highest cash Bo 1092. Winter Pal. t 13. port ready for work 7 a.m. : price. 219 paint: (1.05O Carl tre. 743 I good tires. (250 Owner goini North. P. Cell L Y. Suggs for deUn and'showin of Church and Lee Streets. Dr.r I W. Washington. Phone 2-2882. I I| Sc eatonce. 1 mile west of Fairvtlla ORWIN MANOR New very lane 3 FamIly Finance Service Inc.. 32 W. Ed..atf Drive: phone 6910. *. Hall Ratr. Phillips Co-operative 72. Automobiles for Kent ) on R F D 3 Box S3O. in John JUST RECEIVED bedroom.for 2"til* I.U horn 3 bedroom*. Will 112 K. Orange AT.*.'l&8. I Central Ave. Phone 9857. UNIFORMED CHAUFFEUR and janitor i 75. Autos for Sale L SAu 1940 p. l .tr nice 1 j I; Cofm.n yard R. O. H. H leh.a. a.11 CAR-RENTAL. INC -High grade insured i I ho.. loaUo phone owner.B6 I ; good hours, ofiice work. 820 I proud of. 1395. Stivers-Pontiae. HOUSE TRAILER -20 ft.. Covered I" by week to AUSTIN-Good condition c. or season ; good : weekly. 20552.VETERANS 1 i Wagon Psrk.k te. sleeps 4: built-in -R C.I W Colonial. I toilet: Witr responsible people. Call 2-1438. 58 W. _( oo. 112 8. Rosalind Ave. and perfect GIFT SHOP Prult business : | condition WILL IXCHANOL-.Perfeet location: 63. Mortgage Loans -A real chance to succeed I Livingston Ave. LINCOLN : 170 545 C. One Carload modern house trailer for sale. Good AUTOMOBILE AUCTION ZJPH191or o I depression proof yr. income I in Civilian life if you can SA- d.n. I HOUSE TRAILERASma.. For sale 'I - 1.20 location on Hlway Maitland.Pla. D VARNER U-DRIVE-IT-Drive It Each Thursday I will p.IL 1-1. our between Special for : and a fin .ma HOME LOANS-W* want to help yea met. 35.4u.Ufc.tol are the desire yours) i low rates by mil or d.yD. from 9 a. m'til I P. m. Anyone can lent : clean throulh- Florida leading the holidays. The Central - home with cash difference. trailer sales and S Gulf I bur. home or build a new one. Vsrner Inc.. 234 WCentral bid. II you car bring your car I out. 81145 R. S Evans. 101 W. Central I Federal your ch.nc. Address P.O. Boa 1869. GROCERY STOR and Service to become a successful salesman earn I U-Dl.eIt & phone 5296 Mr McClam. I service We are offering a few models Batteries Station. 4rom apt. above. LtUI'x20' I W* will give you prompt service. Office .Ilt the kind of income rouse always Ave. Phole 2-31:3. .i accept your at the cash value I S at greatly reduced Our motto Metl garas for : hours 9 to 2 during week: 9 to but couldn't find, HERTZ DRIV-UR-SELF SYSTEM car you bid on. You may drive LINCOLN-1941 4-or ieaan. fu Is "Small Profit prke.Big Turnover." (7.000 includes all I 12 Saturdays. First Federal Sa.mand 2-7364 9 and a.m. pone Worlds largest auto rental system. and inspect the following cars this equipped New paint Job R.lr Come see for yourself and I you be the WANT TO TRADW I stocks and l.r.n.f.tu.By owner. PimnSenford Loan Association of Orlando 5 I or Fri.It..n Int."le.. 1 Reasonable rates. Drive a new week for auction Thur. 1942 Buick beautiful car Pay (350 down wewill i Judge Big limit supply bottled Heavy Duty Typo Pine St. Orlando convertible like 1942 Pontiac finance the balance. Evans Bar- I .aa E sitU confidence also trucks for new. I trailer beds and 56R. chairs We We have a Bka Grocery and MeatMarket 'YARDM.oN-Whlt. h.ndy. one day : 2-door Streamliner excellent condi- Lo>. corner Garland and Amelia. * GROCERY "Birdseye" -- 904 N. Orange Ave Phone 2-4064. I.I : and finance the a week Phone 5718 b.l.nc on easy Mark. businessthat STORJ. wit. .o.t.dr : I' ton 1946 new Chevrolet 2-01 Fleet- MERCURY 1Mb Very low mileage. monthly terms display - we .od l. for a c.blet m.t LAS on an types of property: long I YOUNG MAN for retail selling time i JAX-U-DRrVE-IT INC -Rent a car less than 300 miles. 1946OldsmobIle fully reduced pricePriced Park. 1216 S Sun.y Trailer 2-YEAR GUARANTEE small line. The business cabinet cr.m cbie. two soft I terms: low rate; immediate payment experience preferred but or Jeep I low rates. every car insured I convertible 98. used IUppd. Orange Blossom Trai. &ba to to them Includes fixtures and drink eolen. beer .i. p.cl.ted ; service. Harlow G. fdrcl 118N. not opportunity for Service men welcome. No red miles. 1942 Pontiac 4 J.O I 5n. .e. tur I' INTERNATIONAL PICK-UP-1942. i (1995 Used Ca N : 101 lease. with living 4u.r. in rear.What .0a oor. Unuau.U claD .tk. Orange Ave. Phone De.s.r. "o. Goodrich Gar tape S2O deposit. Call 2-4347. 142 I Ire. excellent 4-01.. Cad-I Mam. M.rl. ton. 1946. 27 ft. Continental house have you t trade Call Mr.Peiffer c..mercb'ld1. land and Robinson. N Garland St 1I >( 61 Streamliner 194 new.I I tr.le. For pale or trade for prop with Real ample parlml .ton. doing I ,. I 1942 .2-01 Ford. lie NASH-1946 4.01 .,"an. low mIle !! !_ V J Jones. Corner. Sears has the batteries to fit MORTGAGE : Stlln-t.tn. good bUle. ten-year (6500 I -Loan wanted by responsible WHITE-Age 18 to 30. single free RENT A EP-196-mod-'ep | wagon I arc S1650. Evans. 101 W. i L.olrd I &r. M.ta B.Phon 615. with rnt Johnston Henry prsn For commercial to travel: no r.n.uslnl: healthy ) lOc per | wagon Ford. 194 Ford Tudor; roulh. Central phone 5296. See Mr. Mc- INTERNATIONAL TRACTOR 1941 every make or model of auto Broker 6_W. Church St. buld. G "utr. Box 107 I outdoor work e Davey Tree I j I i thin Jax-U-Drtve It. 142 N. Garland good tires Hupmobile. new Clam K-7. and 24-fot Fruehauf van- 8ar.I Expert Co.. a national orcamzstion i iI I I I dial 2-4347. I tire clean inside and out. 1939 I I :I: with new motor, good tires. mobile. GAS ITATON. GROCERY And I Phone evenings. pm. ta Dodge 1' -ton truck; new motor and i iI j NASH-1941 club coupe good condiI -I : : brakes spotlight, fog U. Cat 1218 Real Estate Wanted Wi. cmbln.to.located I! 8 p 4.0 ,,, 73. Auto Service I good tires 1936 Pontiae 2-door: good I tion Prophitt and Haughton. 5OO air horns No use for , MONEY AVAILABLE for .0 on __ M oa : I II I W Central. 4853.OLDSMOBILE . .0 d.n..cre. D well homes and I.n tires and good transportation. 1941 will sell at a bargain BZER.,WINK.smell Pool R B Business I under blel with income I lo.te. Belles eomme-. i[ 66. Sales Help Wanted I II I II AUTO-BRAKE JOB and wheel I Hudson; rough good tires 1941 1946. 6.OOO miles.Model I H. E. Penninxton. Pomona Park S anywhere In Florida. 0 kind from other subrentalsmore. than ea:proprtl.. Phone 8513. alignment se"l.e. Wheels I Packard club coupe good tires and ,,, "76". Best offer. Please telephone ida o telephone 2341. &8t. paying the monthly O.Der'apr I MAN-To succeed Cliff Winkler on balanced while you wait C A. 1 I lo trnprt.ton. Inspect these. 2189.OLDSOBnE194. I PLYMOU 1941: -t". pickup SEARS ROEBUCK & CO. DROVES AND COUNTRY property r.t. I'range & Eons. 1010 W. Church you care to.Thursday : i health forces immedi Rawleigh Route in Northwest Polk nr Sedanette. R.d- t" John wanted. Can I.I. PRIVATE MONEY for straight loans I : ...lpnt .ondlo. 2-1993 Fennel. Bro from 9 a. to 5 p m. , have some cash and County. 15OO families sold AUTO PAINTING end S-tidy Work 0 paint. Sunr Park: McMII.n. ker. 6 W. Church. .tlr. I 101 on Pr.1 real e.tat. Clark W.Jennings. Pou.ta Holly-Robson Motors. 2120 S. i Orgl..1 bl.cl I Sotb this 20 Real help We complete sstisfsction I Or.nl Excellent down energy youropportunity 1er t Bldg. r..rs tu.rante I 113 N. Orange Ave. Phone 918t OROVXS-HOMES-BUSINXSSK8 to make real 60 Metc.1 i you get started. Write Rawleitirs. _. prices. Central Flor Biosfom Tr.1 II i and let us finance the balance Evans I PONTIAC-'36 Truck; new battery: your property with asgresslvsBrokers. money. 1,5 takes It. See Mr. Little Dept. FAA-180-OS. Memphis. Tenn den only baked enamel auto paint I I BUICK 1940-Fine clean small sedan: I II Bargain Lot. corner Garland and excellent: 8200 Flat body. Chas. Chenanlt ft Jennings. Inc. wit Shepherd Realty Co., REAL ESTATE LOANS-Low cost! '''Dr see Homer MrClsm. 207 E Livingston. oirn. Al Llvely's Auto Paint dc Body |. SI.195. Ford 1941 station asson. I I Amelia. Whitney. Winter 145 873 N. Orange Ave. Phone 1334.BOUSCS J. Washington St. Phone 5134. To Buy.. BUd or Refinance Home I Orlando. PIe.I | Shrp. 30OO N Orange: 800O ( : PontIac 1941 club roupe. La OLDSMOBILE P.I and ,. i1f: i 1937. : 4O Trust Department. I 4-01 Id.D PACARI103 : and I HOTEL. SA Or guest bou. Th First I SALESMEN-And Salesladies needed I AUTO REPAIRS-Day or nisht. Superior 1940 Sport roupe. Plymouth |I new seat cer. Wel cared for tralerton trailer:moor paint: WANTTO-W* here prospects I wanted; .*. with t at Orlando. and Floor.N.tODa B.n to represent the J. R. tl mecb.nlc. Rambo. 808 W as low as (395. Stivers Pontiae. 62 M25. Cash S.. 416tx 8. I t.ton : sell or trade for houses and apartments.furnished bay. Phone 21081.HOTlro. nsllonally known product. rlf i'!! Central. _ _ W. Colonial. __ 'j Hampton Pt.. until 80 pm. flnah. .I 171. Clay and or anurh.I. Any prlc* modern. aU rm Fr.nl ONes 311 Orlando AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE Experl- I i BUC- 1946 4-door Headmaster: II I OLDSMOBILE-1946: 2 door sedan- Limit Sin Kisslmmee. P.. ORANGE . 11. Phone Nlcl Real Jbb,. decoreted. .- 64. Help Wanted-Female YOUNG I.ADtES-2.neet. refined, I cored meh.nle prompt service: I : 5400 miles carefully driven: I Iowner ette: black hydromatic; heater. Best I TRUCKS-CMC semi-trailer tractor & ; 14 .I log bUlne.: growing city peer Or- assist lady manaeer. nationally good stock parts, accessories and i itires. .eturnln. North; 1275. W. W j I offer. Private owner. Ph. unit. Model CF452. 1942 model 261.Cel price of ( with known D. Varner 234 W. Central T between I BUICK'S17TH .o ALTERATION WOMAN-Experienced company. Orlando and Inc. s" Fa. 4 and 8 p.m. I "rUndeI closed cab. Also hate LARX FRONT homes cUr or term*. 59 S-8tar ap- ity work. .1.ln-1 : 2-3153. BUICK 1940 4-door sedan clean , 'Dtl. Wrt s. only need Frances Slater's. .lrulaUo. PACKARD club sedan 120 tractor model : : P. . 'IPlp aurborbee. CU.at Cell21e93.P,00.fl. first hand the Outstanding N. position Phone AUTO LUBRICATION Washing. I car. Special (993. R. S Ivn.101 1131. Priced for model 6 u.1 rinsed A. 2 T4 1131 5 W. church. value of this property. Byron. Valdes Sanford. Tburs. W. Central phone 5296. McCisin. .0 r.h' Brk. ATRT10N-Wom.n experienced Ho..I. polishing complete tire and battery Se VI. I Qui.. .Ip Inquire 20 E. Ave I has 20 foot length tr.t. ANNIVERSARY and 5-8 pm.EXPERIENCED Both trucks and dresses. Fl service. 8 & W Tire Co.. Garland and can be seen. LO'A-Barlow O. Apply co.t. 16 W. ,!: MILLINERY SALE3- Robinson phone 7546. BUICK 1942 Special aedanette. ra- 1938 DeLuxe Chemical Company. Apopka. Florida. deallnt in real HARDWARE STORE BALE Central tires PYOU eouP. Phone 102 . good ; P | lady- One familiar with beter merrbsndisln -{ AUTO PAINTING and body work. het.r.dprot.r. I ' state- and lor.1 loans 116 M. COOK. Settled colored !!I.I ;. State former experience | 825 and up. AU work guaranteedAlso a throuRhout Best offer a dime. I. "Smih.little red ant eat I TAIERAlmo.t brand new. 4- Other woman: Orange dial forces us to sell ..t.alc. I over 1400. call tDtr"tl 1:6.1 Box 48 SStar.NATIONALLY .11 hardware i expert auto repam. Ross Auto 2-40:2 I a bale of hay. but that "DUp' worth passenger tr... factory '. leat stock' I I KNOWN CORPORA Feint and Body Works. 1710 N. BUICK-1935: lo running condition the money!" Stomp d".n one. box bed 7vI4-ft. carry to 5 tons: LOW MILEAGE DAY ./ L WANTED.-City or suburban.. fta for 82.500 caah- CLRE VEGEAL, COOK-Must TON has opening for two young I Mills; dial 2-4777 _ _ : or will for small truck 8285. J. R. Smith. 33 E. Robinson. behind any car Ideal for hauling \ Fennel Br"e. S W. Pl 2.U21MOTL18'UIIt others need I eolleRe Central and 162$ Hllirrest; 2-O523. produce and supplies Ph. 4B55.TRACTOR. . J113 apply. Trsmor cafeteria. |I .ducaton AUTO BODY WORK painting; Clulrcl. Florida territory. un-I excellent and BUICK-i941 Special Club coupe. Mn- 8 cylinder sedsn. Case: disc plow truck. CURB U1RL-To work at new South- i I I I you have plenty of Initiative and i iI worl o"lce. R.mb. PONT C192 LISTINGS-Of your property: w* I 808 W. tot In perfect running condition.Radio. This car Is a spray tank fertilizer distributor I IUd, today C. B. Dn new and modern Pole Drive-In. 1029 N. Or.nl Ave. I I desire a handsome cash return. Box heater ..d sea tmoveru Over- bargain at "39'hp.tr R S Evans 40O All In fine thane Priced 1942 BUICK SUPER )fr AUTO SERVICE Dn rpun.b Jcflirson. rh. Memphis. T.D. CASHIER-TYPIST 89 S-Star for appointment6L j WRFCKI R. S Evan 4OO N. Inonire at Black's and Life Insuranceoffice. size tires S139V N. Orange Are. Phone 4771 "elor. 5 8t- Louis. Mo. .., and Service Station. CagwcTtftjge Coupe ) 105. For information, at." Local young lady .II.ht.. .t Garland. Street. phone 0 range A. Phone 4771. PONTIAC Sedan. 1937 .f. FixWILLYS.1936 i write prt.r.d : new tag: a 8.916 LIST Your property .It Oors B.Kittrd L. L. Mehler. Blkeiton. o..ne. Apply room 9. MrCrory I Employment Acenrie (2-181 CHEVROLET 1941 4-door sedan real -. S5SO. 35th St one faloca panel truck; Actual Mtteoee e. Realtor. .Central I DENTAL ASSISTAWFExperienred 'I special deluxe. In excellent condition west of Orange Blossom transportation for fair price. Radio and Heater Ate. "Next Plortda pRANai AVE. Clothing St 2.J11 &o lease. Excellent W. Central PLYMOUTH 1939 cleanest small 51$ 500. And Nurse's RegIstry you want any - Information 88 blle. please emerlen.r. Hobbs trailer. Like new. Bee Buddy telephone I Henry Butch 23110.FOUNTAIN Ave. ', Official In town. 995. 1937 BRAND NE Mama reduced SI.873 .- I work come to 515 W. you .daB AJ t B.nk.UGI 21090.RZBTAURANT.43ra0g8. Brkr. 1 I. M.ll OIRL-Experienced. Age want help 6326. C"ltcl. I I Wrecker Servire." Mefford. Or'll Blossom Hotel. K sedan In extra good (595 I : : 1/3 down b.lan. WANTED W* need 18 to 25 yrs. No Sunday or night c.1 ]! BODY AND FENDER and I' .'mm. Stivers-Pontiae 62 W. Cownl.1PLYMOUH19U In ..1 monthly payments. Fracl 1942 BTJICK SPECIAL, and Ave..close work. SERVICE i repairing !I I in condi- Reed. 201 N Orange Blossom : Bailey's . 39 9 CL1SlP MEN : aaunlhl Well established Pbrm.c. Cou painting. Estimates gladly given CHEVROLE-1941 go sedan. Bet- Tr.l homes; business business. t' | 4-or 7F83 4 Door Sedan nest Oo prprl. lease. Price. 1 Satisfaction I II lon. 2-01. 116.0. The St.GIRL. bookkeepers: domestic guaranteed. D. Varner. c rvice. Cor condltoD. Pay for Sales and Jo Actual 4.235 Iot. Mn.prll Reat. 29 W. Washing* terms t 1Plbl p.rr. b.t..ProdCr. Potter -. dr..t- Part M time Mr.work Walker in a. cr..m 1010 .rldti'rS'$. I W. Church St. I 234 W. Central Ave. Phone 2-3153 I I end W. South.CHEVROLET _Bne_ I (331 balance down Evans and Bargain w* Lot. .corner the I I I SEE THE tandem MILLER trailers platform.,in our .tol Viand Mileage. ton. Dil 181 677 N. Orange; diaTgass"1RETAIL 8. Blossom Trail., PARKER IMPLYMIN SERVICE 1939 Business .oup: Garland and Amelia. before yon buy Plenty on 111 I you 011 need I original clean a Ir."I.t. "__" _,. _.' ._ 8TREDwltwn LURE and dishwasher com 2-1287: 32 .. b.1 SERVICE-Re- o"ne.. 101 N. Msln. PONTIAC-1941 station .' Fine k un. 'U" . waiting. lo.to. E P DESTOPYOU Martins .0' EQulDm.nt Co.. MoRse SL: 1941 BUICK LTNG ANUnt 2 12 motor. body In excellent conditionwIth 211 Je. Pice lon to 8 I ..s Just lsborlt'napplied I die I 9801 r M.J.. 61.t.. Ratr. : X. lIner Potter with 0.1.50.I. Phone Winter Psrk. ::1. 1.m 69. Work Wanted-Female .nlln.prng. The ability ..nd"no.ho. 809. good tr... 995. R 8. Evans. I CorrwrtMe Sedan ph. E Bro"H. 877 N. Orange MAID General our mechanics CHRYSLER 194To.n and country 101 w C.ntrL phone 5296 See Mr. TAIR SPA you amecrow 0- r LISTINGS WANTED-w .he,. the Must bou. .01' Pl plus the equipment we have I top convertible. The sweetest automo-1! MrClsin | to our pls .. Kings Actual Mike*** 22.4M bur.1 if yon have the property. 1TAUR Small, doing good tl. ., eZPreDced.. ACCUNAN. Senior; college educa n... For one time service see Orlando th.lr bile In the world. Martins Used i! PONTIAC 1941 |' e Park 2820 8 Rub Tr.1 Radio sod Heater T. Carter 8S16; ..Plcr reasonable. Phone O salary. ; rc.r experience p.nol. Fletcher Motors. Csrs. 101 N 6409. I 4-or sedan: new , I 4 Main and J.m.n. I 2-24 or Pin C..t Coffee Phone 431NUS. t.... profit Ion .. et Inc." "Your ISot ".I i paint .o tires: special at 895. ! Plymou'h 1941 Club j C.rr C..tra.TG permenent only; Box 49 D.I.r. 1020 N. Or.n. CHEVROLET coup.I R s. 101 w. Central phone work . ; experi- 881.1. Ave. Phone Tim t.UtuUot1 2220.LtRCAnON See private owner I S298 See Mr McClaln i r WANHe..r.. RESTAURANT and drtve-ln: main eae melt.l le1O dis- BOOKKEEPER charge profit O'Neal-Branch Co. i SPECIAL 1941 BUICK "le.rprr. Ka. highway: 560.000 Box end l'ONTIAC-1942 sedan Av Ited In 46: Wrte H61 loss t.Xt. etc.: part time. 2-01 ; new phone 1940 O. 1.: &. leaso. mo. OPERATORS experienced for Write Box 77 CHEVROLET oD.r.bl. .e. paint: good Ur.. very rlesn. A DeSoto-Plyout Actual "Mileage 31.643 21.SM4 Ezclle. Birdie .5 001. Bhellubrlration is tes new top. new custom a.tI wonderful buy. (895. R. 5. Evans. chIldren . GROVZ in fine cditn R..I. 2-74 or C.rr. Ktlar good dresses: ; CLRE OILW.lt laundry to scientific lubrication j' covers. This car not out'of 101 W Central; phone 5296. Mr. I P. AND 5 , 2-118. pay: days weekly Sat S RT no West good or 14 Llvtnsston. Every "nook and cranny" of your line in price"t112:9nd MartinsUsed McClaln PU ba Jten cash te TorjRisr LODGE 6 rooms. 4 bsthf Sun. Dora Mf,.. 84 E. Pine. car or track is touched. Smooth run Cars. 101 I lr.. WI pr a CarriganBuilding. small bungalow for owner. Plenty SALESLADIES with HOME LAUNDRY-Any bundle I mechanical assure roa.I PACKARD 1938 connrlbl. club 1942 NASH SX 672 N. :::,.r phone 2- I of ly rom for expansion.. : .pprOZlmate I Only those with 1.nd"Pren..bitr. We do good work. 514 .Iz. South St. | nlul 1111. P.r hard-to-re- I .OUI: fog Uht. ra- SriceEprenced Sedan 4451.18J let lr.t. on 17-92. Piy. '.. 16 I h..t.r black finish 3 Hw. !! .. i| piece makes easy. CHEVROLET-1942 Acro sedsn. Ex- j miles of Sanford; by Cent.l. HOUSEWOR-r child care: must .p.rt drrlli 1 : (895 R S. Evan 101 W Central. I Actwal Mileage 12665 WILL TJ 1941 WUn pIck-up for Reasonable_Rainbow Tourist STENOGRAPHER Permanent employment i I C.l mOlth old child along. safe pleasure. Greet ,I cellent condition Phone S29S Mr McClaln. Mechanics Iota .; take I ; dictation and leD..1 of- i. Southern Stores. 692 N. Orange: dial. I i 1 S Balls and Heater .tr. Bx PLYMOUTH _en I Pn-., sad df.f TOURIST COURT trailer .o.ner'l' flex routine: 5tfc-d 7 wc k in 8ta. I 2-1860. 1 Chevrolet-1941 Special 4-door -1942 4-door sedan; new W. .. 0. liquor her and restaurant, I Person mornings. Thomas Ac Howard..I j' HOT or receptionist also gcni MILL ST.-Auto service: automobile | sedan. A really dependable cr.I n. |I R p.11. clem special at (993. No. 1. excellent 17 Co.. 63 W. i work or clerk; no typing Ev.n. 101 w. Central, phone Orlando 1 loall. Begs, V.D.te. repairing paint and body work. rooms and A.eU.11. ; best of references. Permanent I 529 Mr. 15 115 W. S Holler Chevrolet Mrl.ln Fetcher POR IMMEDIATE attention and results room. 2 bath home for Winter Park 772-J or write P. O. I gas oil and .relrll. Open evenings COD.n: 1941 POMT1AC SIX -list owner spare I TYPIST. experienced. Knowlediji Box 191.LUNDRYLar.e. end guaranteed Central A. PNTAC1937 convertible coup Motors your property with Mar- 80 trailers. Al 600 fD f. on highway Ph. N. Mills Pt.I go condition: Inc Sedan tie Williams. credit I I 31 reporting Personal I 2-214. R.lt. W. Wash .D river frontage 800 U. fish ,I pref.re. or small bundles. I installed; (35O. 1934 Buick; I la: dial pier I Interview 9 to 5 315. I I ORANGE COUNTY Dueo Company. 1020 Actual Mileage 19.99 P. N. .101 good pl.ltr of. Price room for expansion Federal Bldg.. SS E. Pine, rm. Weklr. Cour. Apt. 8. specializing in auto painting and special DeLuxe to(.h.p good paint Job. rung Orange Ave. low Buddy at 58.OOO. I Auto RECEPTIONISTTrustworthyjll4reliable I Car- DONT LIST be experienced i body work; special trained mechanics i cedsn OI.le' Make ins an I, tee and Orange P.r. Phone your property with me lubtonta c.1 required. O.ne. TIST-Mu. rapid : several years experience j offer 615 N. Or- Blossom 2.54."ORLANDO'S alecs want Box If not :I I for ell type cars: upholstering done I Harle .. . yon sell! Henry 8ta. ,: .ccur.t. Qualified do ;: knowledge of typing, desires position. I I| STUDEBAKER .. 1941 2- iardi. Iro"r. 12 8. Main not IPP1. 2-4591 for appointment. | preferred bat not I by Writ's Trim Shop. Oprtln. In I nw. .lo. 8597. I I door sedan. This C.mplo. 1919 BUICK SPECIALSedan Garden easen- 110.WATm TUIST CURT-WIDte I Par tie Orange County Duro 641 CHEVROLET 1939. Good condition car 1 "cr.mpuf" - a !-Have client in on ; du t.l. Box 3205. Orlando. Compalr. Te ls good Nor .lh I Lexington 6012 (650 Harley Wadsworth. 615I eD.Ie fh.p Wants plex; owner; ST500. *WAITRESS WANTED for nlghtf. 3 I SL Ph lr a very sturdy body " STENOGRAPHER t Orl.nda t. t.re 2-71. A-I. given. K Oran phone 8597. Pr.d Aetna Mileage 24 on I 3-bedroom fvrhe 10. TEA ROOM-Winter Park. Catering I unti.lon apply at Buddy's Cor- desires position. 8 t"lt and I ;' for quirk sale at (795 R 8 Enn. r 000 or 115.0.I buy. tai be t to huh elsa clientele: completely I Ipr. Onne. government experience. 1.1 106 1 TRUCK-TRAILtR REPAIRS-Brsk* j i CHEVROLET 1937 master DeLuxe 1 400 N. Orange Ave. Phone 471. OLDESTDEALER" ftrce f.lahlho ca equipped and operettas; price 2; experienced. S-Star. service: frame work: body rebuildIng -I I .d.n. Excellent codto. Pr. WILLYS 1940 sodas_ new 1ch.r. Tkr .. Full 340 Part A.e.. 8J.0.. WAITESEWal' House. I ; motor rebuilding; 1.lntnl; j 8545. Harley W.d..onl paint car 4-1 8595. R 8 En.. . .Br.D. d.t.l1. 8umment Wite. SHORT ORDER COOK. Good references I steam cleaning; welding. i *u.e: phone 101 w. .t. 1941 BUICK SPECIAL 10 Comer phone ACRES-280 ft. front CeatrL Pee Mr. Prl. KI.mey furnished; pleas C. Tracks i 529. plan. O M ri or Orat prm'Dnt payment CNHVROLET-1946 new fleet master McClam. . sell. tl. WANTopr t We could BIO Tr : new block Ia- WAITRESSES-Indian River Hotel telephone 2831.WWD.la. Miller Trailer Distributors; General -i sedan: fog and spot Casnrertible our l.u! Pot ton. parlor, lunch room Dining Room Fla. Must I Co.. 2319 tudo. laM. MODE A-1930. wheel base. Anal MUeafe 33353 efficient ro R.lel. office billing Truck Equipment Driren 1.6OO will trade 10nI call r Arch house .. .ork. I l.h. ."I deep water single: hotel room and : winch er T. K. L DrakeS sraded .r. ; e"Prlelce Ime bookkeeping: 12 McRae; dial 989. .he. car and cash dfern.. got rondtloa. L ORANGE .f.ltr. r.d through to frontage on bard furnished: .1.1 I I 414 C. Newton Rt. 5. Box _ e.cel.nl banking experience. Phone 9543. Zrothe 8t.CHEVROE Central Arcade. 4237. old Hi'way. Will sell all or 48-hr week, .04 r.a _ _ I first P'r MIDDLE AGED widow 73-1. Auto Farts-Accessories 1941 2-door. New LaSalle-eedan: A-I cooiiiOn. WE HAVE Sl..own'J Apply in person or call Cocoa. 230. desires position to business BUR .at. .r.. lorh of KlEsimmee.SMALL 8t.Dda 81.tO ask for Mrs. Reed. Hostess as housekeeper for couple for 1' car 81195. R. S. Evans. tre 7OO x 111 Ply heavy dutJ I BUICK'S17TH '941 OC.IMMOBILE Immediate sale net with for Interview. lbe woman man alone. Splendid cook and AUTO COVERS For most 101 W. C.ntrL phone 5296. See Mr. paint. ra to I P. A. : BU8IE WANTHW j SET Inst.Ued.b. McClsln.CHRYSLER. death thI car I I. to be Must "MT Tudor very neat. 2-1401. cars: , Ia!!!flOr. 37 W. WuhJnltoa Pay t t 1,0 c.h. Wite WOMEN 18 to 45 r.r of age wanted Ph Glea Silvers Pontlae 62 seen b* appreciated H. b o Park for cafeteria wait 1943 4-door Not a P.t. Actaal Mile.g. 24 647 HATE BUYER for 10 to 15-acr Orlndo No experience scroll from ANNIVERSARY bearing F 1lio : ColonIal I Lnl.o. snore: price must be r.e.on- 105 8tr. necessary Easy to 70. Work WantedMaleBOOKKEEPERACCOUNTANT: i scratch on It! Very good condition ,I No. 3 0 able. Courtney Realty. 392 N. MW lesrn. Six days week. at.r. fur- AUTO SEAT COVERS-Made to fit I (1295. R 8 Evan 101 w. Central < .pa 24"1.; Orsngt; BtIE.fe good I.01 nished. Ideal working desires your ear. Con..rlble tops. Goodyear I 1 phone :29.S Mr McClsin. ,76. Trailers-Trucks for 1941 PACKARD 120 New c.dtlon. Sale CELEBRATION \ ' palor. Apply Tramor Cafeteria. full or part time work: schooling airfoam Also CHEVROLET-1941 I Deluxe For P8l. TO BUT OR SELL.boo.. we sale or ml8t St. tral. Cen In higher accounting. Will considerany furniture Body I Spl. Blest I yon Betty Trent ::1 and orange offer. Phone 21334BOOKKEEPING Works. v.h01t.l. Ave.. Phone I I I I bu.I.."Op. Radio heater. A I I'I j AUTO CAR TRUCKS-Now avaIlable: Sedan Dk01349NOronge Ave, BUaw* ,, G. with'cash for 1! YOUNG WOMAN for Mine and detail Winter Park. O.n.Orlando 2-O429 I I buy at the rediculous price for civilian are Also ample supply Actual Miieace 42444 : 1 work. -Income tax ; of (1145 R S 400 N. Orange I II i iI Park. Phong (1,. going Rapid and efficient. Please 1nle : Evel. of Orlando Truck and CUSTOMERS Realty_ 392 N bane Courtney. rail Bob Welter Classified Msnsser. | small account at. GRILL GUARDS-Smile, double and I Ate Phone 471. Welding p.r... 1020 W. Church St. We offer a fine selection of WAITING tor homes Ornt. I 4W1 for Interview. j n.e Jonsson. 2-40. triple ".1. Floor Mats. Chevrolet. I I 2-2060. I and income prOPrl. List yours HERE I A FINE GROCERY in growing '! BOY Aged 15. and Ford. Plymouth. 1nvn.1 Economy- Eedanette. Heat and high grade used cars worthy Terms Thru toosH LADY for BULLIIOZER-T-6. Excellent on Intm.ent stronl. CAIeI91 condition - Association. YOO 235 Phone I W. doinggood bu i- 1 .ltertoD Auto Store COlltr. f > work Orn'L I bad no I RHI 2-1574. SS.500.Speak U Bpirgel"Whitney clothing: .I..or" bablt delrs .rtr 443. 1942 2-ton OpIne truck and of your consideration. General Motor I. . Would music. Cpnolstery like . Pleasant opportunity for machinery Khol Satud.Y. De. Oil Charles C. Boyn- Spiecel Realty Ilht trif. 'I Business Opportunities Metcalf Co.R.ltr.' person Apply Gales Clothing it I le.r stol keepIng : I i ton. P. 0 Daytona Beach: FaMBSM PlasiRber 0 Bldg. 23211.REI I cIty Store. S28 W. Church. office work." "lt SET COVERS-An makes installed. D black finish. Light trade a su j: phone 159SWCHEVROLET 162. APT. AN EXCLUSIVE cocktail CiTde Austin. Apt. 3. 426 E. J' 5nI HOtl1 room frame 1 dining room and package WE CAN USE-A few good waitressesor White disks and being used the smooth running 1941 I save (1O73. Terms Thru 'J ctP II.P!lad. j I store new building and up to the waiters. We want only tho of I A\iFFa Porter. or oUI. snan. 'Ide.a I 151 i ,; .h.t.U you give? I mean to turn : at 1126 General Motors 1..t ao"er: eltro relner.tn I fixtures eoulp-1 j ao character. Good pay tl. room inch. Jacks. Electric fence ,, (1995. R. 8. I I it. Marm. Used C.r. 101 K. Main. f1U7 Dnut. Splendid .D"Ithe. I brd. Season lasts Ito Apn St.. phone 223.'Ctu. _ F.t I e.lne. Bpc.l price 840! Finance PlanRemember "ITS TEl XWFFERENCE I I. (4.100 transportation.per year Gross net Income over AU I "::: 835.000: ::1r } :.::I I i Sanford.1OO at Altamonte hotel. 9 Spnnts.& .r' station, attend- controller. Fender welt. Other parts < Evans. 400 N. Orange Ave. Phone CHEVROLET-Pick-up. good condition YOU PAY THAT COUNTS :I la good repair. W 128 Sptesel" I I out and see us. The HoteL. or ca"n. I A bargain at 150. 209 H ' tel a helper. Ph. 2-7081. 8:30: 0 :1 It,. .. Realtors. 708 At&ont and accessories at Reopen 4771. side St. AND S16SOO I J.ta Alt rash by owner. Writ a 23269.cLARKP.ERTANAND. !I .m I I I C.CaidweU.543 I CAR For sportsman and : W. 18th St. Indian Help 'Van : I I I CABC THE TR0E CONDITION 65 674 .ph.. 2 la.AATM CO.. Business j t d-\ale CARPENTER-Experienced. By day Store. N. Orange Ave. Phone DE5OTO 1942 5-psssenger DeLuxe traveling Nothing like I.unlau" TTS THE DIFFERENCE OPrUDIU. We specializeSIn ,BARBER e h0r. inside or outside work. Coal Looks like new. or.gmsl., aieeps 2. "eleh only OF A CAR CONTROLS. 130 8. Wat Ap"a. L' Michigan Ave. Winter Prk. 2-20 real buy at I I i Ii's. Price only ($ our long YOU PAY THAT COUNTSCAND I BtlG unit re Orange Hotel Lobby. phone 20237..r j i Babr W. COUPLE-Aveilable. cook governess: I (' :be seen I.I.c well Camp or S.: Brie ef .and I late trailers. Wingert. : ITS VALUE tat construction, In high 1 YOU WAN&earn 13-V on In- i 8trt I gardener bandy Winter. SPORT ,TOP a. "I 850DP HaitI Ave.. t. Oli Sat of City 333O South Orange Blossom Trail. Park Box I . .t : S25p Limits. Wed lee than S3OOO 12S K. .rler Rfer.. rovers: a.d j CIEVROLET-194l piek-up; good clsu section close cash let me neil you a rental property I BtA-L G. I 1O4 Btr. I for sedans: Wes Auto Trim Sop DODGE 1933 sedsn: the cleanest. !!, "..dl&On_.tu kl trane- THE TRUE CONDITION nld.aU lust listed. James J. Hsckett. I COUPLE-White. wants t manage or... in Oraace : Dec Co.. 61 cheapest ca in OrlDo priced to II Prate 0"11. 871S. Fa. OF A CAR CONTROLS BOOKKEEPER and typist with | Lexington St.. 6012. store and City bus Realtor 1317 SUch Bird Opposite k.1 I run apartment bopnv.t esi i sell: caD seen Service 2-19 &e.t en ADLRR Depot." dial 758! ledge of IbD fo am.1'I t.t or a ca."er. Rhabl best j j TAA 51canva speci Stall. Colonial and Garland, phone 1941: reconditioned. 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Kent Johnson wrote: > D ...mmm ... Now I have an idea as to what sockets are, I like threads to :-), they seem OTT for what I need. Having decided on threading the demon, and using a fifo, the queue module looks cool, I have one last dilema. One that quite often causes me problems, that scope, namespace thing ;-) If I have my demon thread running, and I define a queue, it will work fine, If I have my main app running and define a queue, it will also work fine but this defines two seperate queues which are not joined, data from one will not pass to the other. If I were to define a seperate script which handles the queue 'fifio.py' & import it to both the deamon thread & the main app, this would use the class definition as a king of global variable. Would this be the best way ? - more importantly would it work :-D ! Dave | https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2004-November/033253.html | CC-MAIN-2017-30 | refinedweb | 157 | 77.06 |
Java Language Keywords – Top 4 Keyword in Java (Part 2)
1. Java Language Keywords
In our Java tutorial, we have already discussed the part 1 for keywords. Today, we are going to study the second part of the topic ‘Java Language Keywords’. In this part, we will study abstract, volatile, super, static, and transient keywords. Moreover, we will look at Abstract keyword, Abstract Classes, Syntax and important rules for Java Abstract keyword. In addition, we will also look at Super Keyword and its example. After that, we are going to discuss Static Keyword which contains Static blocks, Static variables, Static method and nested class. At last, we will discuss Volatile Keyword in Java.
So, let’s begin with Java Language Keywords.
2. What is Abstract Keyword in Java?
In Java Language Keywords, an abstract keyword defines that it is a non-access modifier which is applicable for classes and methods but it is not applicable for variables. These Java language keywords used to achieve abstraction in Java which happens to be a key feature of OOP.
Let us study different contexts in detail.
a. Abstract class in Java
The class which doesn’t have its all method declared or has a partial implementation is known as Abstract class.
Syntax –
abstract class class-name { //body of class }
Due to the partial implementation we usually cannot instantiate the abstract classes, i.e. all the subclass of an abstract class should either execute the greater part of the abstract methods in the super-class or announce abstract itself. Some of the predefined classes in java are abstract. They rely upon their sub-classes to give finish usage. For instance, java.lang. A number is a dynamic class.
Sometimes, we require just declaration of the method in super-classes. This can accomplish by indicating the abstract sort modifier. These techniques are infrequently alluded to as subclasses responsibilities since they have no usage indicated in the super-class. In this way, a subclass must override them to give method definition.
Do you know the difference Between Abstract Class and Interface in Java
Syntax –
abstract type method-name(parameter-list);
Important rules –
Any class that contains at least one abstract methods should likewise be called abstract.
- final
- Java abstract native
- abstract synchronized
- abstract static
- Java abstract private
- abstract strictfp
The accompanying is different illegal combinations of different modifiers for strategies regarding abstract modifier.
abstract class A { abstract void m1(); void m2() { System.out.println("This is a concrete method."); } } class B extends A { void m1() { System.out.println("B's implementation of m2."); } } public class AbstractDemo { public static void main(String args[]) { B b = new B(); b.m1(); b.m2(); } }
Output –
B’s implementation of m2.
This is a concrete method.
Learn Java Abstract Data Type in Data Structure – ADT
- Use of super with variables: This thing occurs when a derived class and base class carry the same data members. In that case, there might a possibility of ambiguity for the JVM. It can understand more clearly using the code snippet:
class Vehicle { int maxSpeed = 120; } class Car extends Vehicle { int maxSpeed = 180; void display() { System.out.println("Maximum Speed: " + super.maxSpeed); } } class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { Car small = new Car(); small.display(); } }
In the example above, both base class and subclass have a member maxSpeed in common. We could access maxSpeed of the base class in sublcass using super keyword.
- Use with methods – It is done when we need to call the method of the parent class. To avoid ambiguity in classes with the same name, we use this Super keyword.
Explore Constructor Chaining in Java – Changing Order & Using Super () Keyword
class Person { void message() { System.out.println("This is person class"); } } class Student extends Person { void message() { System.out.println("This is student class"); } void display() { message(); super.message(); } } class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { Student s = new Student(); s.display(); } }
Output:
This is student class
This is person class
- Use with constructors – It is used to access parent class constructor. It can both parametric and non-parametric.
class Person { Person() { System.out.println("Person class Constructor"); } } class Student extends Person { Student() { super(); System.out.println("Student class Constructor"); } } class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { Student s = new Student(); } }
Output:
Person class Constructor.
Student class Constructor.
Let’s discuss Deadlock in Java – How to Detect & Reduce Java Deadlock
4. Static Keyword
Java Static is a non-access modifier which is appropriate for accompanying:
- Blocks
- Variables
- Methods
- Nested classes
To make a static member(block, variable, method, nested class), go before its revelation with the keyword static. At the point when a member is proclaimed static, it get to before any objects of its class are made, and without reference to any object. For instance, in beneath java program, we are getting too static technique m1() without making any protest of Test class.
Read Static Binding Vs Dynamic Binding in Java
class Test { static void m1() { System.out.println("from m1"); } public static void main(String[] args) { m1(); } }
Output –
From m1
a. Static Blocks
Instantiate a static block for computation. It gets executed only once and the class gets loaded.
class Test { static int a = 10; static int b; static { System.out.println("Static block initialized."); b = a * 4; } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("from main"); System.out.println("Value of a : "+a); System.out.println("Value of b : "+b); } }
Output:
Static block initialized.
from main
Value of a: 10
Value of b: 40
b. Static Variable
At the point when a variable is proclaimed as static, at that point a single copy of the variable is made and shared among all objects at the class level. Static factors are worldwide factors. All cases of the class share a similar static variable.
Important points –
- We can make static variables at class-level as it were.
- Static block and static variables execute all together they are available in a program.
Let’s know about What is Static Methods in Java
c. Static Methods
At the point, when a method announces with static watchword, it is known as static technique. The most well-known case of a static technique is primary( ) method. As talked about over, any static part get to before any objects of its class are made, and without reference to any object. Methods pronounced as static have a few limitations:
- They can just straightforwardly call other static methods.
- They can just specifically get the static information.
class Test { static int a = m1(); static { System.out.println("Inside static block"); } static int m1() { System.out.println("from m1"); return 20; } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Value of a : "+a); System.out.println("from main"); } }
Output:
from m1
Inside static block
Value of a : 20
from main
Learn Java String, Methods And Constructor – Syntax and Example
class Test { static int a = 10; int b = 20; static void m1() { a = 20; System.out.println("from m1"); b = 10; m2(); System.out.println(super.a); } void m2() { System.out.println("from m2"); } public static void main(String[] args) { } }
5. Volatile Keyword
Volatile is one of the important Java language Keywords. Utilizing volatile is yet another way (like synchronized, atomic wrapper) of influencing class to thread safe. Thread safe implies that a strategy or class case can utilize by numerous strings in the meantime with no issue.
Syntax –
class SharedObj { // Changes made to sharedVar in one thread // may not immediately reflect in other thread static int sharedVar = 6; }
Assume that two strings are chipping away at SharedObj. On the off chance that two strings keep running on various processors each string may have its own nearby duplicate of sharedVariable. In the thread that one string adjusts its esteem, the change won’t reflect in the first one in the primary memory quickly.
volatileJava
- Note that compose of ordinary factors with no synchronization activities, won’t unmistakable to any perusing string (this conduct is called sequential consistency). AlbeiFt most present-day equipment gives great store coherence along these lines most presumably the adjustments in a single reserve reflect in other yet it is anything but a decent practice to depend on equipment for to ‘fix’ a flawed application.
Read Java Inner Class – Types of Inner Classes in Java
class SharedObj { // volatile keyword here makes sure that // the changes made in one thread are // immediately reflect in other thread static volatile int sharedVar = 6; }
So, this was all about Java Language Keywords. Hope You like our explanation.
6. Conclusion
Hence, in this tutorial, we learned about the Java Language keywords that we use frequently in Java. Moreover, we saw Abstract keyword, abstract class in Java with Syntax, rule and examples. In addition, we looked at the super keyword, its use with variables, methods and constructors. Further, we studied static keywords in java as static blocks, static method, static variable with the example. Lastly, we discussed the Volatile keyword in Java. Furthermore, if you have any query in this important Java Language Keywords section, feel free to ask in the comment section. | https://data-flair.training/blogs/java-language-keywords/ | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | refinedweb | 1,515 | 57.37 |
random —.
Ostrzeżenie
The pseudo-random generators of this module should not be used for
security purposes. For security or cryptographic uses, see the
secrets module.
Zobacz także.
Bookkeeping functions¶ (provided for reproducing random sequences from older versions of Python), the algorithm for
strand
bytesgenerates a narrower range of seeds.
Zmienione w wersji.
Functions for bytes¶
random.
randbytes(n)¶
Generate n random bytes.
This method should not be used for generating security tokens. Use
secrets.token_bytes()instead.
Nowe w wersji 3.9.
Functions for integers¶.
Zmienione w wersji 3.2:
randrange()is more sophisticated about producing equally distributed values. Formerly it used a style like
int(random()*n)which could produce slightly uneven distributions.
random.
getrandbits(k)¶
Returns a non-negative Python integer with k random bits. This method is supplied with the MersenneTwister generator and some other generators may also provide it as an optional part of the API. When available,
getrandbits()enables
randrange()to handle arbitrarily large ranges.
Zmienione w wersji 3.9: This method now accepts zero for k.). Behavior is undefined if any weight is negative. A
ValueErroris raised if all weights are zero.
For a given seed, the
choices()function with equal weighting typically produces a different sequence than repeated calls to
choice(). The algorithm used by
choices()uses floating point arithmetic for internal consistency and speed. The algorithm used by
choice()defaults to integer arithmetic with repeated selections to avoid small biases from round-off error.
Nowe w wersji 3.6.
Zmienione w wersji 3.9: Raises a
ValueErrorif all weights are zero..
Deprecated since version 3.9, will be removed in version 3.11: The optional parameter random.
random.
sample(population, k, *, counts=None keyword-only counts parameter. For example,
sample(['red', 'blue'], counts=[4, 2], k=5)is equivalent to
sample(['red', 'red', 'red', 'red', 'blue', 'blue'], k=5).
To choose a sample from a range of integers, use a
range()object as an argument. This is especially fast and space efficient for sampling from a large population:
sample(range(10000000), k=60).
If the sample size is larger than the population size, a
ValueErroris raised.
Zmienione w wersji 3.9: Added the counts parameter.
Real-valued distributions¶.
Multithreading note: When two threads call this function simultaneously, it is possible that they will receive the same return value. This can be avoided in three ways. 1) Have each thread use a different instance of the random number generator. 2) Put locks around all calls. 3) Use the slower, but thread-safe
normalvariate()function instead..
Alternative Generator¶
- class
random.
Random([seed])¶
Class that implements the default pseudo-random number generator used by the
randommodule.
-:
If a new seeding method is added, then a backward compatible seeder will be offered.
The generator’s
random()method will continue to produce the same sequence when the compatible seeder is given the same seed.
Przykłady: ten, jack, queen, or king. >>> dealt = sample(['tens', 'low cards'], counts=[16, 36], k=20) >>> dealt.count('tens') / 20 0.15 >>> # Estimate the probability of getting 5 or more heads from 7 spins >>> # of a biased coin that settles on heads 60% of the time. >>> def trial(): ... return choices('HT', cum_weights=(0.60, 1.00), k=7).count('H') >= 5 ... >>> sum(trial() for i in range(10_000)) / 10_000 0.4169 >>> # Probability of the median of 5 samples being in middle two quartiles >>> def trial(): ... return 2_500 <= sorted(choices(range(10_000), k=5))[2] < 7_500 ... >>> sum(trial() for i in range(10_000)) / 10_000 0.7958
Example of statistical bootstrapping using resampling with replacement to estimate a confidence interval for the mean of a sample:
# from statistics import fmean as mean from random import choices data = [41, 50, 29, 37, 81, 30, 73, 63, 20, 35, 68, 22, 60, 31, 95] means = sorted(mean(choices(data, k=len(data))) for i in range(100)) print(f'The sample mean of {mean(data):.1f} has a 90% confidence ' f'interval from {means[5]:.1f} to {means[94]: fmean as mean from random import shuffle drug = [54, 73, 53, 70, 73, 68, 52, 65, 65] placebo = [54, 51, 58, 44, 55, 52, 42, 47, 58, 46] observed_diff = mean(drug) - mean(placebo) n = 10_000 for a multiserver queue:
from heapq import heapify, heapreplace from random import expovariate, gauss from statistics import mean, median, stdev average_arrival_interval = 5.6 average_service_time = 15.0 stdev_service_time = 3.5 num_servers = 3 waits = [] arrival_time = 0.0 servers = [0.0] * num_servers # time when each server becomes available heapify(servers) for i in range(1_000_000): arrival_time += expovariate(1.0 / average_arrival_interval) next_server_available = servers[0] wait = max(0.0, next_server_available - arrival_time) waits.append(wait) service_duration = max(0.0, gauss(average_service_time, stdev_service_time)) service_completed = arrival_time + wait + service_duration heapreplace(servers, service_completed) print(f'Mean wait: {mean(waits):.1f}. Stdev wait: {stdev(waits):.1f}.') print(f'Median wait: {median(waits):.1f}. Max wait: {max(waits):.1f}.')
Zobacz także.
Recipes¶
The default
random() returns multiples of 2⁻⁵³ in the range
0.0 ≤ x < 1.0. All such numbers are evenly spaced and are exactly
representable as Python floats. However, many other representable
floats in that interval are not possible selections. For example,
0.05954861408025609 isn’t an integer multiple of 2⁻⁵³.
The following recipe takes a different approach. All floats in the interval are possible selections. The mantissa comes from a uniform distribution of integers in the range 2⁵² ≤ mantissa < 2⁵³. The exponent comes from a geometric distribution where exponents smaller than -53 occur half as often as the next larger exponent.
from random import Random from math import ldexp class FullRandom(Random): def random(self): mantissa = 0x10_0000_0000_0000 | self.getrandbits(52) exponent = -53 x = 0 while not x: x = self.getrandbits(32) exponent += x.bit_length() - 32 return ldexp(mantissa, exponent)
All real valued distributions in the class will use the new method:
>>> fr = FullRandom() >>> fr.random() 0.05954861408025609 >>> fr.expovariate(0.25) 8.87925541791544
The recipe is conceptually equivalent to an algorithm that chooses from
all the multiples of 2⁻¹⁰⁷⁴ in the range 0.0 ≤ x < 1.0. All such
numbers are evenly spaced, but most have to be rounded down to the
nearest representable Python float. (The value 2⁻¹⁰⁷⁴ is the smallest
positive unnormalized float and is equal to
math.ulp(0.0).)
Zobacz także
Generating Pseudo-random Floating-Point Values a
paper by Allen B. Downey describing ways to generate more
fine-grained floats than normally generated by
random(). | https://docs.python.org/pl/3.9/library/random.html | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | refinedweb | 1,061 | 52.46 |
Added new JMeter dev list - please use that in future. On 8 November 2011 21:34, Philippe Mouawad <philippe.moua...@gmail.com> wrote: > Hello Sebb, > Did you have some time to look at these issues: > > - 49463 : Is it really an issue or a feature ?
Not sure - the Counter is a config item, which is treated a bit differently. The handling of cached function results is a bit tricky. Changing the code might break lots of scripts. I think we need some more test scripts that exercise functions in combination with nested controllers etc. > - 43294 <> : Do > you agree with proposition ? I wonder what would be the best to configure > namespace prefixes ? a dedicated new component to avoid having to repeat > declarations ? I've updated the issue. > > Regards > Philippe > --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: dev-unsubscr...@jakarta.apache.org For additional commands, e-mail: dev-h...@jakarta.apache.org | https://www.mail-archive.com/dev@jakarta.apache.org/msg00917.html | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | refinedweb | 146 | 69.68 |
Connection not closed when sending an InputStream of unknown length
Reported by Daniel Lichtenberger | June 21st, 2011 @ 12:40 PM
Framework version: 1.2.1
Platform you're using: Linux x64, Java 1.6.0_26
Reproduction steps:
I'm sending a (piped) input stream to stream binary contents of unknown length via response.direct = ... as described in this discussion. I was unable to find another way of doing this since the response.writeChunk method does not work for binary content. Everything works when I download the URL via wget, but when I download it in a browser it hangs.
Details:
The issue seems to be that Play does not close the connection when a keep-alive request was sent by the browser, but AFAIK this is the only way to tell the client that the download is complete. Using the attached patch the browser no longer hangs. It's just a quick hack, I guess the 'right' way would be to close the connection only if no content length was set.
AnnySally January 5th, 2019 @ 10:54 AM
fuzailfaisal January 8th, 2019 @ 08:52 AM
asusdavid January 9th, 2019 @ 05:55 AM
to close the output stream of the shopper. this may seem as a closed input stream while not closing the socket. IMHO causing the length is that the most suitable choice as this may permit you to send multiple requests mistreatment constant socket.
public class SimpleServerMain {
public static void main(String... args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(54321); Socket s = ss.accept(); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream())); for (String line; (line = br.readLine()) != null; ) System.out.println("Got " + line);
PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream()); for (String word : "Hello World Bye Bye!".split(" ")) { ps.println(word); Thread.sleep(1000); } s.close(); ss.close(); }
} thanks and give me the feed back on bigpond webmail support please
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- Nobody is watching this ticket. | https://play.lighthouseapp.com/projects/57987/tickets/927-connection-not-closed-when-sending-an-inputstream-of-unknown-length | CC-MAIN-2019-26 | refinedweb | 2,428 | 62.48 |
DEBSOURCES
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sources / hocr / 0.10.18-3 / HACKING
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Working in HOCR
-------------------
When writing HOCR our priorities are
1) Correctness.
2) Maintainable & Documented.
3) Modular and well designed.
When you submit code to me for inclusion in HOCR, or when you modify
the sources directly on the SVN repository, please keep those things in mind.
- Clarity of design and function are paramount
- Please follow the coding style used HOCR.
The HOCR coding style.
--------------------------
Use space for indentation, braces are
unindented and on a seperate line. Use indent utility.
(indent -bad -bap -bbb -bli0 -fca -i2 -l80 -nlp -psl -sc -sob -ss -ts2 -nut)
Use doxygen style documentation.
On top of that, you will have to:
- Follow the hocr namespace convention for function names.
hocr_submodule_operation
- Do not optimize unnecesarly. Do profile, do look for the
weak spots before applying "optimization by feeling".
- It is more important to keep the code maintainable and
readable than to be optimized. If you have a great idea about
optimizing the code, make sure it is implemented cleanly,
that there is a clean and maintainable way to do it.
- Optimized code that is difficult to maintain has no place in
HOCR and will be dropped.
All of this is to ensure the HOCR code will be kept within
reasonable margins of maintainability for the future: Remember, in two
years you will probably be far too busy to maintain your own
contributions, and they might become a burden to the program maintainers.
-----------------------
Cleaning code in HOCR is more important than trying not to break
existing code. By all means, code clean ups are always welcome. | https://sources.debian.org/src/hocr/0.10.18-3/HACKING/ | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | refinedweb | 270 | 65.62 |
In this part of the Python tutorial you will learn about statements like expression statement and assignment statement, RHS expression, indentation, tokens, keywords, identifiers, various types of operators and lots more.
Fundamentals of Python consists of discussion of basic building blocks of Python programming language. Here, “Fundamentals of Python” is divided into the following categories. And we will be discussing each topic separately.:
(1+5) * 3
18
pow (3,2)
9
With the help of assignment statements, we create new variables, assign values and also change values.
#LHS <=> RHS
variable = expression
We can categorize Assignment statements in three primary categories based on what’s on the Right-Hand Side of the statement.
In this case, Python allocates a new memory location to the newly assigned variable.
Let us take an example of this category.
test= "Hello World"
id(test)
Note:
Look at the example shown below:
test1="Hello"
id(test1)
output:
2524751071304
test2="Hello"
id(test2)
output:
2524751071304:
current_var= "It's HumbleGumble"
print(id(current_var))
new_var= current_var
print(id(new_var))
24751106240
2524751106240:
test= 7 * 2
type(test)
int
test1= 7 * 2 / 10
type(test1)
output:
float
There are two ways to define multiline statements.
End of a statement in python is considered as a newline character, to extend the statements over multiple lines we can use two methods.
e.g.
a = (0 + 1 + 2 +
3 + 4 + 5)
a = 0 + 1 + 2 + \
3 + 4 + 5:
test1= 7 * 2 / 10
type(test1)
'''
line one
line two
line three
''':
def SayFunction():
'''
Strings written using '''_''' after a function represents docstring of func
Python docstrings are not comments
'''
print("just a docstring")
print("Let us see how to print the docstring value")
print(theFunction.__doc__) –
i = 1
j = 2
You can assign a single value to the multiple variables as follows –
a=2
Also, we can assign multiple values to the multiple variables as follows –
a, b, c = 2, 25, ‘abc’
Note: Python is type inferred language i.e. it automatically detects the type of assigned variable.
For instance,
test=1
type(test)
output:
int
test1="String"
type(test1)
output:
str
Constant is a type of variable that holds values, whose value cannot be changed. In reality we rarely use constants in python.
#Declare constants in a separate file called constant.py
PI = 3.14
GRAVITY = 9.8
#inside main.py we import the constants
import constant
print(constant.PI)
print(constant.GRAVITY).
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Browse Categories | https://intellipaat.com/blog/tutorial/python-tutorial/fundamentals-of-python/ | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | refinedweb | 421 | 53.71 |
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src/slave/http.cpp (line 756) <> Please make sure that `request.method` is "GET" when this function is called with enabled authorization. See `Slave::Http::flags` for an example. Currently, for many existing endpoints, the request method isn't checked which can lead to problems with authorization. We plan to change that later, see [MESOS-5346](). src/slave/http.cpp (line 786) <> Please call `authorizeEndpoint` as soon as possible, i.e. after the endpoint has been extracted from the URL. While I like the idea of doing work in parallel, by requesting the containerizer statuses prior to the authorization, this work should only be done after the authorization was successful. Hence this part should be in the `_containers` continuation. src/slave/slave.hpp (lines 96 - 97) <> Please don't do this in a header. The `using namespace process;` above is a bad example and probably shouldn't even be there. - Jan Schlicht On May 18, 2016, 12:06 p.m., Abhishek Dasgupta wrote: > > ----------------------------------------------------------- > This is an automatically generated e-mail. To reply, visit: > > ----------------------------------------------------------- > > (Updated May 18, 2016, 12:06 p.m.) > > > Review request for mesos, Adam B, Alexander Rukletsov, Greg Mann, Jan > Schlicht, and Till Toenshoff. > > > Bugs: MESOS-5317 > > > > Repository: mesos > > > Description > ------- > > Used GET_ENDPOINT_WITH_PATH coarse-grained authz on agent's > '/containers' endpoint to enable authorization on this endpoint. > Updated docs and testcases as well. > > > Diffs > ----- > > docs/endpoints/slave/containers.md 959f40b9db4de4b6cea456ecf7bcb402f7a94f05 > src/slave/http.cpp fb48ec61e2fe0c83f80d3b8aa4c2ef5a96b748ae > src/slave/slave.hpp 209f071448e3c52d16d3366d564003ee36b1d2e0 > src/tests/slave_authorization_tests.cpp > 843cf1c631e0a25125ca1c0c0028ad1a920c2c2f > > Diff: > > > Testing > ------- > > sudo GTEST_FILTER="*SlaveEndpointTest*.*" make -j2 check > > On ubuntu 16.04. > > Ran manual testing as well. > > > Thanks, > > Abhishek Dasgupta > > | https://www.mail-archive.com/reviews@mesos.apache.org/msg34129.html | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | refinedweb | 277 | 53.78 |
The Chameleon light is an LED and a simple circuit that changes color based on the average color of your computer screen.
Materials needed:
1.) Arduino Uno
2.) 4 Jumper cables
3.) 5mm RGB LED from radioshack
4.) 3 resistors 1 68 ohm (or closest value) and two 56 ohms (or closest value)
5.) printer cable to connect compter USB to Arduino UNO
Software needed:
1.) Python
2.) Arduino UNO software (download here)
Step 1: STEP 2: Arduino Code
Copy the following code and upload it to your ARDUINO. It should look like the image above.
#include
#include #include #include
int bluePin = 10; int greenPin = 9; int redPin = 11; int blueBrightness = 0; int greenBrightness = 0; int redBrightness = 0;
void setup() { // Setting Up the COM Port Serial.begin(9600); // Changing PIN modes to OUTPUT pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT); pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT); }
void loop() { if(Serial.available() >= 4) { if(Serial.read() == 0xFF) { //0, 0, 0 is Black //255, 255, 255 is White redBrightness = Serial.read(); greenBrightness = Serial.read(); blueBrightness = Serial.read(); } } //redBrightness=0; //blueBrightness=255; //greenBrightness=0; /* Since the RGB LED has cathode pins for RGB we need to deduct value from 255 meaning if the brightness is 255 from the PC for a color we need to give 0 so that it will eluminate brightly */ analogWrite(bluePin, 255 - blueBrightness); analogWrite(greenPin, 255 - greenBrightness); analogWrite(redPin, 255 - redBrightness); delay(10); }
Step 2: Step 3: Copy the Python Code to a Text Editor
Copy the following code to a text editor of your choice. It will differ for mac and PCs. Just a note, there may be some issues in copy pasting inserting spaces that python cannot read, in that case, i would suggest hand-typing the code. It should look like the image above.
import sys
import pyscreenshot as S import serial
A = serial.Serial(sys.argv[1])
def do_screen_avg(): image = S.grab() pixels = image.load()
r = g = b = 0 totalpixels = 0; for i in range(0, image.size[0], 2): for j in range(0, image.size[1], 2): pr, pg, pb = pixels[i, j] r = r + pr g = g + pg b = b + pb totalpixels += 1
r = r/totalpixels g = g/totalpixels b = b/totalpixels
return (r, g, b)
def send_info(vals): r, g, b = vals print "Sending = ", r, g, b string = chr(0xFF) + chr(r) + chr(g) + chr(b) A.write(string)
def main(): while True: try: send_info(do_screen_avg()) except KeyboardInterrupt: sys.exit() except: print "error skipping"
if __name__ == "__main__": main() #import time #time.sleep(5) #send_info((255,0,0)) #time.sleep(5) #send_info((0,255,0)) #time.sleep(1) #send_info((0,0,255)) #time.sleep(1) #send_info((0xff, 0xa5, 0x00)) #return
Step 3: STEP 3: RUN IT!!!
Open the terminal and navigate to where your python file is saved (cd Desktop if you have saved it to the Desktop). Type the following command:
1.) python ABEFinal.py /dev/tty.usbmodem1411
NOTE: my python file was located on the desktop (so I typed cd Desktop first)
Another Note: my python file name is ABEFinal.py
Another note: YOUR USBMODEM number may be different than 1411. You must open the serial monitor in the top left of your ARDUINO sketch to find the modem number, and insert it into the command to run properly.
CHEERS!!!
Step 4: STEP 1: SET UP CIRCUIT
1.) Identify the red, voltage in, green and blue pins on your LED. The long lead pin is the positive voltage in ALWAYS. The pin to the left was the red pin on my LED, the two pins to the right of the long lead were green, blue respectively.
2.) calculate your resistances using and typing in the values from the back of your LED package. DO NOT THROW AWAY THE LED PACKAGING!
3.) Connect the circuit as shown above, with the largest resistor in front of the red node, and the two smaller infront of the green, blue nodes.
4.) Connect pins, 9,10,11 on the Arduino respectively to pins red, blue, green on the LED. (You can change the digital output pins you connect on the Arduino, but make sure you change the code to suit!)
5.) Connect the 5V voltage in pin on ARDUINO to the positive voltage on the LED (shown as the black jumper cable). | http://www.instructables.com/id/Chameleon-Light/ | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | refinedweb | 714 | 74.19 |
All data on the network travels in the form of packets, which is the data unit for the network. To understand the data a packet contains, we need to understand the protocol hierarchy in the reference models. I recommend that if you don’t know the ISO OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model, you should read up on it. A good starting point is Wikipedia.
The network layer is where the term packet is used for the first time. Common protocols at this layer are IP (Internet Protocol), ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) and IPsec (a protocol suite for securing IP). The transport layer’s protocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), a connection-oriented protocol; UDP (User Datagram Protocol), a connection-less protocol; and SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol), which has features of both TCP and UDP. The application layer has many protocols that are commonly used, like HTTP, FTP, IMAP, SMTP and more.
Capturing packets means collecting data being transmitted on the network. Every time a network card receives an Ethernet frame, it checks if its destination MAC address matches its own. If it does, it generates an interrupt request. The routine that handles this interrupt is the network card’s driver; it copies the data from the card buffer to kernel space, then checks the ethertype field of the Ethernet header to determine the type of the packet, and passes it to the appropriate handler in the protocol stack. The data is passed up the layers until it reaches the user-space application, which consumes it.
When we are sniffing packets, the network driver also sends a copy of each received packet to the packet filter. To sniff packets, we will use libpcap, an open source library.
Understanding libpcap
libpcap is a platform-independent open source library to capture packets (the Windows version is winpcap). Famous sniffers like tcpdump and Wireshark make the use of this library.
To write our packet-capturing program, we need a network interface on which to listen. We can specify this device, or use a function which libpcap provides:
char *pcap_lookupdev(char *errbuf).
This returns a pointer to a string containing the name of the first network device suitable for packet capture; on error, it returns NULL (like other libpcap functions). The
errbuf is a user-supplied buffer for storing an error message in case of an error — it is very useful for debugging your program. This buffer must be able to hold at least
PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE (currently 256) bytes.
Getting control of the Network Device
Next, we open the chosen network device using the function
pcap_t *pcap_open_live(const char *device, int snaplen, int promisc, int to_ms, char *errbuf). It returns an interface handler of type
pcap_t, which other libpcap functions will use. The first argument is the network interface we want to open; the second is the maximum number of bytes to capture.
Setting it to a low value will be useful when we only want to grab packet headers. The Ethernet frame size is 1518 bytes. A value of 65535 will be enough to hold any packet from any network. The
promisc flag indicates whether the network interface should be put into promiscuous mode or not. (In promiscuous mode, the NIC will pass all frames it receives to the CPU, instead of just those addressed to the NIC’s MAC address. Read more on Wikipedia.)
The
to_ms option tells the kernel to wait for a particular number of milliseconds before copying information from kernel space to user space. A value of zero will cause the read operation to wait until enough packets are collected. To save extra overhead in copying from kernel space to user space, we set this value according to the volume of network traffic.
Actual capture
Now, we need to start getting packets. Let’s use
u_char *pcap_next(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_pkthdr *h). Here,
*p is the pointer returned by
pcap_open_live(); the other argument is a pointer to a variable of type
struct pcap_pkthdr in which the first packet that arrives is returned.
The function
int pcap_loop(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user) is used to collect the packets and process them. It will return when
cnt number of packets have been captured. A callback function is used to handle captured packets (we need to define this callback function). To pass extra information to this function, we use the
*user parameter, which is a pointer to a
u_char variable (we will have to cast it ourselves, according to our needs in the callback function).
The callback function signature should be of the form:
void callback_function(u_char *arg, const struct pcap_pkthdr* pkthdr, const u_char* packet). The first argument is the
*user parameter we passed to
pcap_loop(); the next argument is a pointer to a structure that contains information about the captured packet. The structure of
struct pcap_pkthdr is as follows (from
pcap.h):
struct pcap_pkthdr { struct timeval ts; /* time stamp */ bpf_u_int32 caplen; /* length of portion present */ bpf_u_int32 len; /* length of this packet (off wire) */ };
An alternative to
pcap_loop() is
pcap_dispatch(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user). The only difference is that it returns when the timeout specified in
pcap_open_live() is exceeded.
Filtering traffic
Until now, we have been just getting all the packets coming to the interface. Now, we’ll use a
pcap function that allows us to filter the traffic coming to a specific port. We might use this to only process packets of a specific protocol, like ARP or FTP traffic, for example. First, we have to compile the filter using the following code:
int pcap_compile(pcap_t *p, struct bpf_program *fp, const char *str, int optimize, bpf_u_int32 mask);
The first argument is the same as before; the second is a pointer that will store the compiled version of the filter. The next is the expression for the filter. This expression can be a protocol name like ARP, IP, TCP, UDP, etc. You can see a lot of sample expressions in the pcap-filter or tcpdump man pages, which should be installed on your system.
The next argument indicates whether to optimise or not (0 is false, 1 is true). Then comes the netmask of the network the filter applies to. The function returns -1 on error (if it detects an error in the expression).
After compiling, let’s apply the filter using
int pcap_setfilter(pcap_t *p, struct bpf_program *fp). The second argument is the compiled version of the expression.
Finding IPv4 information
int pcap_lookupnet(const char *device, bpf_u_int32 *netp, bpf_u_int32 *maskp, char *errbuf)
We use this function to find the IPv4 network address and the netmask associated with the device. The address will be returned in
*netp and the mask in
*mask.
A small sniffer program
Now let’s write a small sniffer program that will help us understand how pcap works. Let’s name it
sniff.c. It’s a program from the pcap tutorials from tcpdump.org, by Martin Casado. First of all, let us make the necessary includes:
#include <pcap.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
Next, let’s write the callback function to process our captured packets. This function just prints out a running count of packets, as captured. Afterwards we’ll write another callback function. The function is very clear, so there’s no need to explain it.
void my_callback(u_char *args, const struct pcap_pkthdr* pkthdr, const u_char* packet) { static int count = 1; fprintf(stdout, "%3d, ", count); fflush(stdout); count++; }
Now comes the
main() function. We can make use of the functions we learnt about earlier, in this function:
int main(int argc,char **argv) { int i; char *dev; char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE]; pcap_t* descr; const u_char *packet; struct pcap_pkthdr hdr; struct ether_header *eptr; /* net/ethernet.h */ struct bpf_program fp; /* hold compiled program */ bpf_u_int32 maskp; /* subnet mask */ bpf_u_int32 netp; /* ip */ if(argc != 2){ fprintf(stdout, "Usage: %s \"expression\"\n" ,argv[0]); return 0; } /* Now get a device */ dev = pcap_lookupdev(errbuf); if(dev == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", errbuf); exit(1); } /* Get the network address and mask */ pcap_lookupnet(dev, &netp, &maskp, errbuf); /* open device for reading in promiscuous mode */ descr = pcap_open_live(dev, BUFSIZ, 1,-1, errbuf); if(descr == NULL) { printf("pcap_open_live(): %s\n", errbuf); exit(1); } /* Now we'll compile the filter expression*/ if(pcap_compile(descr, &fp, argv[1], 0, netp) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Error calling pcap_compile\n"); exit(1); } /* set the filter */ if(pcap_setfilter(descr, &fp) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Error setting filter\n"); exit(1); } /* loop for callback function */ pcap_loop(descr, -1, my_callback, NULL); return 0; }
Compile the program as follows, and run it as the root (necessary for permissions to execute in promiscuous mode):
$ gcc -lpcap sniff.c -o sniffer # ./sniffer ip
Check the output in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Output of the program
As we have given
ipas the expression, your screen will soon fill with the count of the number of IP packets. You can replace
ipwith any expression of your choice, like tcp, arp, etc — take a look at the tcpdump man pages.
Here’s another callback function, which will display the contents of the packets accepted by your filter expression (it’s already in
sniff.c):
void another_callback(u_char *arg, const struct pcap_pkthdr* pkthdr, const u_char* packet) { int i=0; static int count=0; printf("Packet Count: %d\n", ++count); /* Number of Packets */ printf("Recieved Packet Size: %d\n", pkthdr->len); /* Length of header */ printf("Payload:\n"); /* And now the data */ for(i=0;i<pkthdr->len;i++) { if(isprint(packet[i])) /* Check if the packet data is printable */ printf("%c ",packet[i]); /* Print it */ else printf(" . ",packet[i]); /* If not print a . */ if((i%16==0 && i!=0) || i==pkthdr->len-1) printf("\n"); } }
You can modify the
pcap_loop() line in
main(), which calls
my_callback(), to call this callback function instead. Compile the changed program, and run it with the same expression as its argument. The output, as you can see in Figure 2, is the payload of IP packets.
Figure 2: Output displaying payload of packets
I think we should wrap up this introduction here. Do test and experiment with pcap, and see the power behind the best (and our favourite) sniffers out there: tcpdump and Wireshark. | http://opensourceforu.com/2011/02/capturing-packets-c-program-libpcap/ | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | refinedweb | 1,719 | 62.27 |
Run CGI program under IIS 7.0
Looking around I didn’t find a good documentation on how to get good old CGI’s running on IIS 7 or 7.5. Here is a quick walkthrough:
1. Let’s write a quick CGI:
Take the following code and save it as simplecgi.cs in the directory c:\inetpub\wwwroot\cgi
using System; using System.Collections; class SimpleCGI { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("\r\n\r\n"); Console.WriteLine("<h1>Environment Variables</h1>"); foreach (DictionaryEntry var in Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()) Console.WriteLine("<hr><b>{0}</b>: {1}", var.Key, var.Value); } }
2. Change into the C:\inetpub\wwwroot\cgi directory and compile the source by using the following command-line:
%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\csc.exe SimpleCGI.cs
You will have simplecgi.exe in the cgi directory. You can execute it on the command-line to see its output.
3. For security reasons every CGI has to be registered in the ISAPI/CGI Restriction list. To do that you have to open INETMGR, click the machine node (name of your machine) and find the ISAPI/CGI Restriction List menu icon.
Select the item and add the following entries in the dialog box:
Alternatively you can use the command-line:
%windir%\system32\inetsrv\appcmd set config -section:isapiCgiRestriction /+[path='c:\inetpub\wwwroot\cgi\simplecgi.exe',allowed='true',description='SimpleCGI']
4. The next step is to create a virtual directory that allows CGIs to execute. Right click the “Default Web Site” in INETMGR and select “Add Virtual Directory”. Add the following entries:
Here is the command-line which does the same:
appcmd add vdir /app.name:"Default Web Site/" /path:/cgi /physicalPath:"c:\inetpub\wwwroot\cgi"
5. One last step: we still don’t allow “Execute” access in this directory. For this you have to go to the Handler Mappings menu of the CGI virtual directory (make sure you select the CGI virtual directory on the left hand side!).
Go to the “Edit Feature Permissions” link in the Actions Menu on the right hand side, open it and check “Execute” and click “OK”.
via command-line:
appcmd set config "Default Web Site/cgi" /section:handlers -accessPolicy:"Read,Script,Execute"
Now you are ready to go. Type “ and you should see the following output:
source :
I just want to say I’m very new to blogging and site-building and definitely savored your web-site. Probably I’m going to bookmark your site . You really come with terrific posts. Thanks a lot | https://alamzyah.wordpress.com/2012/02/02/run-cgi-program-under-iis-7-0/ | CC-MAIN-2019-04 | refinedweb | 422 | 50.12 |
Bug #14909
Method call with object that has to_hash method crashes (method with splat and keyword arguments)
Description
In a method with a splat method argument followed by a keyword argument, it leads to an
ArgumentError when calling the method with an object that reacts to
to_hash
def my_func(*objects, error_code: 400) objects.inspect end class Test def to_hash # an example hash { to_hash_key: "to_hash" } end end my_func(Test.new)
Observed result: an exception is raised:
in my_func: unknown keyword: to_hash_key (ArgumentError)
Expected result:
[#<Test:0x007fc8c9825318>] is returned by the
my_func call
It should behave the same when calling with objects that have a
to_hash method and objects that don't, shouldn't it?
Related issues
History
Updated by mame (Yusuke Endoh) about 1 year ago
- Status changed from Open to Feedback
In the plan of Ruby 3 (#14183), keyword arguments will be separated from other kinds of arguments. If this plan is implemented successfully, you can use
my_func(Test.new) and
my_func(**Test.new) for each purpose. If you call
my_func(Test.new), the argument will be passed as a part of the rest parameter
objects. If you call
my_func(**Test.new), the argument will be handled as a keyword parameter.
So, I'd like to propose keeping the current behavior as is, because changing the semantics will bring extra complexity. Instead, just wait for Ruby 3.
Updated by Eregon (Benoit Daloze) about 1 year ago
At least, it behaves the same if passing a keyword arguments directly:
def my_func(*objects, error_code: 400) objects.inspect end my_func(to_hash_key: "to_hash") # => unknown keyword: to_hash_key (ArgumentError)
So this has nothing to do with the
to_hash conversion.
One way to workaround this is:
def my_func(*objects, error_code: 400, **kwargs) kwargs end p my_func(to_hash_key: "to_hash") # => {:to_hash_key=>"to_hash"}
So adding a keyrest argument (**kwargs), because there is already a keyword argument which means keywords have to fit in the declared keyword args, unless there is a keyrest arg.
Updated by funny_falcon (Yura Sokolov) about 1 year ago
Why your object has
to_hash method?
Ruby uses long named methods for implicit conversion:
to_str - if your object should act as a string,
to_int - if your object should act as an integer,
to_ary - if your object should act as an array. Looks like same for
to_hash.
For explicit conversion short names are used:
to_s,
to_i,
to_a,
to_h.
Updated by johannes_luedke (Johannes Lüdke) about 1 year ago doesn't resolve the issue for me
Why your object has to_hash method?
the objects in question are instances of
Dry::Validation::Result (dry-validation gem)
So, I'd like to propose keeping the current behavior as is, because changing the semantics will bring extra complexity. Instead, just wait for Ruby 3.
Could this maybe be highlighted in the docs -- to be careful when passing objects that respond
to_hash when there are keyword arguments?
In order to make it work both ways,
my_func(obj1, obj2, error_code: 422) as well as
my_func(obj1, obj2) with a default value for
error_code, I ended up doing this workaround:
def my_func(*args) opts, objects = args.partition { |el| el.is_a? Hash } error_code = opts&.first&.fetch(:error_code, nil) || 400
It would be cool if ruby would support that out of the box though.
Updated by znz (Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA) about 1 year ago
- Related to Feature #14930: sample/trick2018 added
Updated by jeremyevans0 (Jeremy Evans) 13 days ago
- Status changed from Feedback to Closed
The changes in #14183 solve this issue. You will now get warnings:
my_func(Test.new) # (irb):101: warning: The last argument is used as the keyword parameter # (irb):92: warning: for `my_func' defined here # ArgumentError (unknown keyword: :to_hash_key)
In Ruby 3, this will be passed as a positional argument. To get the Ruby 3 behavior with the master branch:
my_func(Test.new, **(;{}))
Also available in: Atom PDF | https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14909 | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | refinedweb | 632 | 61.77 |
Odoo Help
This community is for beginners and experts willing to share their Odoo knowledge. It's not a forum to discuss ideas, but a knowledge base of questions and their answers.
Hi daouda,
I have faced this kind of problem before. And I came to know that I've override create() method & then called super() and in return value I called super. So because of calling super two times I got record created two times.
Here is my problematic code,
def create(self, cr, uid, vals, context=None): # My calculation & code res = super(class_name, self).create(cr, uid, vals, context) return super(class_name, self).create(cr, uid, vals, context)
By calling super two times record was created twice.
Instead that I did like this,
def create(self, cr, uid, vals, context=None): # My calculation & code res = super(class_name, self).create(cr, uid, vals, context) return res
I am not sure you have done like this or not? But it is my suggestion, it is one of the possibility which is why records are created two times.
Hope this is helpful to solve! | https://www.odoo.com/forum/help-1/question/2-projects-are-created-when-create-one-in-project-project-22586 | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | refinedweb | 183 | 65.73 |
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 Marius Gedminas wrote: > On Thu, Sep 18, 2008 at 12:42:33AM +0200, Philipp von Weitershausen wrote: >> Marius Gedminas wrote: >>> On Wed, Sep 17, 2008 at 12:52:49PM -0400, Tres Seaver wrote: > >>>> $ ../bin/python setup.py test # [2] >>>> # Runs egg_info, installs regular and testing dependencies, and >>>> # runs all unit (non-layer) tests >>> I don't like the idea that running the tests installs additional >>> packages into my environment without me explicitly asking for it. >> You *are* asking for it by running python setup.py test. > > I think I got confused (again) by the difference by setuptools and > distutils. > > setuptools has a 'setup.py test' that installs dependencies and runs > tests. > > distutils doesn't have a 'setup.py test' at all. > > For some reason I thought 'setup.py test' was a distutils thing that > didn't know anything about dependencies, and that people who use it were > used it not changing the environment. > > My mistake. > >> Also, python >> setup.py test doesn't actually install testing dependencies (or any >> dependencies for that matter) into site-packages. It just dumps them >> into the CWD. > > I don't mind that.
Advertising
I looked again at the patch to the setup.py, and saw some whitespace fixups in it. Here is the diff for another pacakge without any "housekeeping": - ------------------------- %< ----------------------------------- - --- setup.py (revision 91225) +++ setup.py (working copy) @@ -42,14 +42,22 @@ include_package_data=True, namespace_packages=['Products'], zip_safe=False, + setup_requires=['eggtestinfo', + ], install_requires=[ #'Zope >= 2.10.4', 'setuptools', 'five.localsitemanager>=0.3', 'Products.GenericSetup', ], + tests_require=['zope.testing', + ], + test_loader='zope.testing.testrunner.eggsupport:SkipLayers', + test_suite='Products.%s.tests' % NAME, entry_points=""" [zope2.initialize] Products.%s = Products.%s:initialize + [distutils.commands] + ftest = zope.testing.testrunner.eggsupport:ftest """ % (NAME, NAME), ) - ------------------------- %< ----------------------------------- - - The first change is not strictly required, but it does get the 'test*' attributes captured in a separate file in the EGG-INFO directory, which makes it at least theoretically possible to run the tests from a binary egg (not that I ever use them). - - The second is what allows 'setup.py test' to work, running only the non-layer tests. The 'tests_require' part gets zope.testing downloaded and on the path before looking for the loader specified in 'test_loader'. That loader then gets passed the 'test_suite' string. - - The last section of the diff is what gets a new command available ('setup.py ftest'). That is the part which runs all the tests, both unit and functional. If we chose to make the entry point 'test' instead of 'ftest', then we could leave out the middle section, but would need to make 'zope.testing' a 'setup_requires' dependency. That case is also the one where running from a fresh checkout requires 'setup.py egg_info' first, or else the old testrunner gets used the first time. I think that we are OK for distributed tarballs, because they contain the '.egg-info' directory generated during 'sdist'. Tres. - -- =================================================================== Tres Seaver +1 540-429-0999 [EMAIL PROTECTED] Palladion Software "Excellence by Design" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.4.6 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - iD8DBQFI0j71+gerLs4ltQ4RAkLGAJ0cHcqrl5AnA6rimuTn9iZyDeuGCACguAJt wn27D9G/UimUZzcLwUWSncA= =GVVI -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- _______________________________________________ Zope-Dev maillist - Zope-Dev@zope.org ** No cross posts or HTML encoding! ** (Related lists - ) | https://www.mail-archive.com/zope-dev@zope.org/msg26493.html | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | refinedweb | 531 | 51.04 |
#include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; int main() { ifstream datafile; datafile.open("clac.dat"); while (datafile) { int value[23]; int highest = 0; for (int n = 0; n < 23; n++) { if (value[n] > highest) { highest = value[n]; } } cout << "The highest value is " << highest << endl; } datafile.close(); return 0; }
Maximum value from a test score
Page 1 of 1
From an input file that contains scores, how to obtain the maximum val
1 Replies - 764 Views - Last Post: 24 July 2008 - 12:37 AM
#1
Maximum value from a test score
Posted 24 July 2008 - 12:02 AM
Attached is the file ("clac.dat") that contains all the scores, and I have to create a program that reads the files and output the highest value from the data into the screen. This is what I have done so far, and it is not giving neither errors nor warnings. However, it is displaying the wrong highest value (it displays zero as the highest value of the data) , and it should be 98 based on the input data (clac.dat).
Replies To: Maximum value from a test score
#2
Re: Maximum value from a test score
Posted 24 July 2008 - 12:37 AM
you forget to actually read the values from the file. You can do that with something like
datafile >> value[i];
datafile >> value[i];
Page 1 of 1 | http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/58492-maximum-value-from-a-test-score/page__p__389042 | CC-MAIN-2016-22 | refinedweb | 229 | 61.09 |
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JSTL - check odd/even number - JSP-Servlet
JSTL - check odd/even number How do i create a JSTL program to generate random numbers and to check whether they are odd/even and print "this is an even (odd) number and it is in between so and so number? e.g. the random number
Tips for Successful Outsourcing,Useful Tips of Successful Outsourcing,Tips and Techniques for Successful Outsourcing
Tips for Successful Outsourcing
Outsourcing has proved a boon to many companies. However, there are some inherent problems, which can be avoided if one...
In some cases, the client's expectations are met or even exceeded
All iPhone Tips and Tricks
All iPhone Tips and Tricks
If you are looking for some cool iPhone 3G tips n tricks... provide you the best, coolest and hottest iPhone tips, tweaks, secrets that you
developing skills in java , j2ee - Java Beginners
developing skills in java , j2ee How to understand or to feel the flow of java or j2ee programme what is the way to become a expert programmer can you please give me tips
thanking you
Java find prime numbers without using break statement
Java find prime numbers without using break statement
In this tutorial, you will learn how to find the prime numbers without using
break statement.
You all are aware of Prime Numbers, these are the numbers which are either
divided
Java error class interface or enum excepted
Java error class interface or enum excepted
Java Error class interface or enum excepted are the class of java error that occurred
when a programmer
Practices and Purpose of Writing Winning SEO Articles - Latest SEO Tips by SEO Company India
articles these days. The flow of words in these articles is nowhere
near... good amount of traffic to your website but it is
even more important to have... experience, as it is equally
important or perhaps even more, as SEO. Always | http://www.roseindia.net/tutorialhelp/comment/82588 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | refinedweb | 1,856 | 59.94 |
Day 23 of the Anvil Advent Calendar
Build a web app every day until Christmas, with nothing but Python!
All I want for Christmas is to get this song out of my head
Ever had an obscure line from a song stuck in your head and you can’t place the title? Today’s advent app lets you enter some words from a song, and get a list of songs it’s in. There’s even a link to the full lyrics (courtesy of Musixmatch). Click here to clone the app, see the source code, and modify it however you like:
We’ll explain a bit about how it works - it’s a good example of how to create a human-friendly UI on top of an existing API. We’ll talk about how we configured the styling as well.
How it works
It’s a simple user interface on top of the Musixmatch API.
We get the song list using an HTTP request. The API key is stored in an Anvil Secret (when you clone the app, this API key will not be cloned with it, of course!)
import anvil.secrets import anvil.server import anvil.http from urllib.parse import quote_plus @anvil.server.callable def get_tracks_by_lyrics(lyrics): res = anvil.http.request( '?' f'apikey={anvil.secrets.get_secret("musixmatch_api_key")}&' f'q_lyrics={quote_plus(lyrics)}', json=True ) return [x['track'] for x in res['message']['body']['track_list']]
That’s the entire server-side code for this app.
On the client side, we get the list of songs and put the data into a Data Grid. The Data Grid is initially invisible,
and we set it to
visible = True when the results are ready:
def lyrics_search(self, **event_args): tracks = anvil.server.call('get_tracks_by_lyrics', self.text_box_lyrics.text) self.card_2.visible = True self.repeating_panel_1.items = sorted(tracks, key=lambda t: -int(t['track_rating']))
If you’re wondering how the Data Grid knows how to display each song: look at the Data Bindings for
the components inside the Data Grid. That’s where we set up the
text property of the song and artist Labels,
and the
url property of the lyrics Link.
Styling it
To customise the look and feel, we imported two fonts from Google Fonts. When you want to import fonts into your app from a URL,
put the
link tags into Native Libraries:
We used the handwriting font (Indie Flower) for the logo, and the more legible sans-serif font (Muli) for the components the user interacts with.
The logo is a Custom Component built from an Image and a Label:
Since it’s a Custom Component it appears in the Toolbox and you can just drag-and-drop it onto any Form wherever you want it.
We uploaded the treble clef image to Assets, which allows us to use
/_/theme/musical-note-keyboard.svg as the
source of an Image component.
Uploading an asset.
Displaying an image from Assets in an Image component.
To change the background colour of the entire app, we modified the
body in
theme.css in the Assets:
body { /* ... */ background-color: #ffebd1; }
All the other colours come from the Colour Scheme - we just applied them in the Properties Panel to the components we wanted to be red or green.
Create your own front-ends to APIs
You can follow this pattern to create your own front-ends to APIs - clone the app to get a head start:
Give the Gift of Python
Share this post: | https://anvil.works/advent/name-that-carol.html | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | refinedweb | 579 | 71.44 |
Introducing D.ebug
Lately I’ve been doing a lot of debugging often in code that needs to be executed certain way, from certain place and sometimes is also modified post-build a little. And sometimes more stuff, which I’ll not bother you with. And this makes debugging a tiny bit more difficult.
My often-used technique is to employ
Debugger class from
System.Diagnostics namespace. This allows you to launch debugger (by using
Launch) when needed and also put breakpoint in the code (in my case often with some condition (yes, I know about conditional breakpoints)) (by using
Break). And although everything works great with these two, I have basically two problems with these.
The first one is that I have to add
System.Diagnostics into
usings and also later remove it when done. Which sucks if you’re trying to poke the thing and see what breaks and then connect the dots. Or I have to use the whole name, which sucks even more.
And the second is that I have to distinguish between the
Launch and
Break. And at the beginning I often don’t have clear picture of what I’m doing and hence I don’t know what path the code will go through.
These two little niggles (and some other small ones) made me create D.ebug. It’s a extremely simple static class (
D) with a single method (
ebug) in a global namespace. It allows me to use anywhere without messing up with
usings or writing long names. It also uses
IsAttached property to decide whether to
Break or
Lanuch. Adn that’s what I often want. Stop at “this” line – either really just stopping the debugger or offering me to attach it if it’s not already attached. To make the stopping bit more smooth it also uses
DebuggerHidden attribute.
It’s built for
net40,
netstandard1.0 and
netstandard2.0 and available on NuGet as, wait for it, D.ebug.
Hope you’ll find it useful and feel free to bring your ideas. | https://www.tabsoverspaces.com/233790-introducing-d-ebug | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | refinedweb | 342 | 74.19 |
I’ve written previously about how to use PInvoke with .NET Core 2 on a Raspberry Pi 3 running Windows 10 IoT Core – I tested it with a very simple example where I converted some text to upper case using the CharUpper method in the user32.dll library. I was able to invoke the CharUpper method using the code below:
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] static extern char CharUpper(char character);
You can see the full code at Github here.
I decided to see if I could repeat this simple example on Ubuntu using the built in libraries – and found that it is actually really easy to use PInvoke with .NET Core on Ubuntu also. I’ll run through the steps to repeat this on your own Raspberry Pi 3 running Ubuntu 16.04.
- Install .NET Core 2 – you can get the installer from here.
- Create a console app for the Raspberry Pi 3 – you can install a template using the code below:
dotnet new -i RaspberryPi.Template::*
- And then you can create a new project using the command below:
dotnet new coreiot -n RaspberryPi_PInvoke
- In the generated project, replace the code in Program.cs with the code below. I’ve highlighted the key part of the code in red – this uses the GNU C library, libc. I import the method “toupper”, but alias it as CharUpper which is the name of the function I used in the previous post.
using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace RaspberryPi_PInvoke { class Program { [DllImport("libc.so.6", EntryPoint = "toupper")] private static extern int CharUpper(int c);++) { var charToByte = (byte)inputCharacterArray[i]; outputCharacterArray[i] = (char)CharUpper(charToByte); } Console.WriteLine($"Original text is {textToChange}"); Console.WriteLine($"Changed text is {new string(outputCharacterArray)}"); } } }
- Now build this using the command:
dotnet build
- And publish for Ubuntu using the command:
dotnet publish -r ubuntu.16.04-arm
- Finally, deploy this to your Raspberry Pi 3 running Ubuntu.
I use pscp to copy files from my Windows machine to the Pi 3 running Ubuntu, but you could also use rsync from Bash in Windows 10. Remember to make the file you need to run (RaspberryPi_PInvoke) executable on the Pi 3 using chmod.
When you run this application through a terminal, you’ll see that it converts the text “Hello Internet of Things!” to upper case.
Wrapping up
This post is very similar to a post I wrote previously about using PInvoke with Windows 10 IoT Core on the Raspberry Pi 3 – except this time, I use a function from the GNU C library, libc. This is an incredibly rich source of code, and I’ll write next time about how I can use this to access the I2C bus. | https://jeremylindsayni.wordpress.com/2017/05/08/using-pinvoke-with-net-core-2-and-ubuntu-16-04-on-the-raspberry-pi-3/ | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | refinedweb | 451 | 63.59 |
JetBrains icons
A set of icons used in JetBrains' web applications.
Installation
npm install @jetbrains/icons
UsageYou might need to set up appropriate infrastracture to use icons in your app. We recommend to use webpack and svg-sprite-loader in order to use this icons in your app.
It is also possible to import icon as a JS file without setting up any loaders:
import lockIconSource from '@jetbrains/icons/lock'
ContributingTo add an icon, one should just create an
.svgfile in the "src" directory. All icons are processed with SVGO on publish. Even though SVGO removes pretty every unnecessary attribute, please ensure that file doesn't contain generated IDs,
<title>-element or any other junk. Every SVG file should have "width" and "height" attributes set.
Run
npm startcommand to see the demo page. | https://npmtrends.com/@jetbrains/icons | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | refinedweb | 133 | 57.27 |
This tutorial depends on step-26, step-29.
This program was contributed by Wolfgang Bangerth (Colorado State University) and Yong-Yong Cai (Beijing Computational Science Research Center, CSRC) and is the result of the first author's time as a visitor at CSRC.
This material is based upon work partially supported National Science Foundation grants OCI-1148116, OAC-1835673, DMS-1821210, and EAR-1925595; and by the Computational Infrastructure in Geodynamics initiative (CIG), through the National Science Foundation under Award No. EAR-1550901 and The University of California-Davis.
The Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE) for a function \(\psi=\psi(\mathbf x,t)\) and a potential \(V=V(\mathbf x)\) is a model often used in quantum mechanics and nonlinear optics. If one measures in appropriate quantities (so that \(\hbar=1\)), then it reads as follows:
\begin{align*} - i \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t} - \frac 12 \Delta \psi + V \psi + \kappa |\psi|^2 \psi &= 0 \qquad\qquad & \text{in}\; \Omega\times (0,T), \\ \psi(\mathbf x,0) &= \psi_0(\mathbf x) & \text{in}\; \Omega, \\ \psi(\mathbf x,t) &= 0 & \text{on}\; \partial\Omega\times (0,T). \end{align*}
If there is no potential, i.e. \(V(\mathbf x)=0\), then it can be used to describe the propagation of light in optical fibers. If \(V(\mathbf x)\neq 0\), the equation is also sometimes called the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and can be used to model the time dependent behavior of Bose-Einstein condensates.
For this particular tutorial program, the physical interpretation of the equation is not of much concern to us. Rather, we want to use it as a model that allows us to explain two aspects:
At first glance, the equations appear to be parabolic and similar to the heat equation (see step-26) as there is only a single time derivative and two spatial derivatives. But this is misleading. Indeed, that this is not the correct interpretation is more easily seen if we assume for a moment that the potential \(V=0\) and \(\kappa=0\). Then we have the equation
\begin{align*} - i \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t} - \frac 12 \Delta \psi &= 0. \end{align*}
If we separate the solution into real and imaginary parts, \(\psi=v+iw\), with \(v=\textrm{Re}\;\psi,\; w=\textrm{Im}\;\psi\), then we can split the one equation into its real and imaginary parts in the same way as we did in step-29:
\begin{align*} \frac{\partial w}{\partial t} - \frac 12 \Delta v &= 0, \\ -\frac{\partial v}{\partial t} - \frac 12 \Delta w &= 0. \end{align*}
Not surprisingly, the factor \(i\) in front of the time derivative couples the real and imaginary parts of the equation. If we want to understand this equation further, take the time derivative of one of the equations, say
\begin{align*} \frac{\partial^2 w}{\partial t^2} - \frac 12 \Delta \frac{\partial v}{\partial t} &= 0, \end{align*}
(where we have assumed that, at least in some formal sense, we can commute the spatial and temporal derivatives), and then insert the other equation into it:
\begin{align*} \frac{\partial^2 w}{\partial t^2} + \frac 14 \Delta^2 w &= 0. \end{align*}
This equation is hyperbolic and similar in character to the wave equation. (This will also be obvious if you look at the video in the "Results" section of this program.) Furthermore, we could have arrived at the same equation for \(v\) as well. Consequently, a better assumption for the NLSE is to think of it as a hyperbolic, wave-propagation equation than as a diffusion equation such as the heat equation. (You may wonder whether it is correct that the operator \(\Delta^2\) appears with a positive sign whereas in the wave equation, \(\Delta\) has a negative sign. This is indeed correct: After multiplying by a test function and integrating by parts, we want to come out with a positive (semi-)definite form. So, from \(-\Delta u\) we obtain \(+(\nabla v,\nabla u)\). Likewise, after integrating by parts twice, we obtain from \(+\Delta^2 u\) the form \(+(\Delta v,\Delta u)\). In both cases do we get the desired positive sign.)
The real NLSE, of course, also has the terms \(V\psi\) and \(\kappa|\psi|^2\psi\). However, these are of lower order in the spatial derivatives, and while they are obviously important, they do not change the character of the equation.
In any case, the purpose of this discussion is to figure out what time stepping scheme might be appropriate for the equation. The conclusions is that, as a hyperbolic-kind of equation, we need to choose a time step that satisfies a CFL-type condition. If we were to use an explicit method (which we will not), we would have to investigate the eigenvalues of the matrix that corresponds to the spatial operator. If you followed the discussions of the video lectures (See also video lecture 26, video lecture 27, video lecture 28.) then you will remember that the pattern is that one needs to make sure that \(k^s \propto h^t\) where \(k\) is the time step, \(h\) the mesh width, and \(s,t\) are the orders of temporal and spatial derivatives. Whether you take the original equation ( \(s=1,t=2\)) or the reformulation for only the real or imaginary part, the outcome is that we would need to choose \(k \propto h^2\) if we were to use an explicit time stepping method. This is not feasible for the same reasons as in step-26 for the heat equation: It would yield impractically small time steps for even only modestly refined meshes. Rather, we have to use an implicit time stepping method and can then choose a more balanced \(k \propto h\). Indeed, we will use the implicit Crank-Nicolson method as we have already done in step-23 before for the regular wave equation.
If one thought of the NLSE as an ordinary differential equation in which the right hand side happens to have spatial derivatives, i.e., write it as
\begin{align*} \frac{d\psi}{dt} &= i\frac 12 \Delta \psi -i V \psi -i\kappa |\psi|^2 \psi, \qquad\qquad & \text{for}\; t \in (0,T), \\ \psi(0) &= \psi_0, \end{align*}
one may be tempted to "formally solve" it by integrating both sides over a time interval \([t_{n},t_{n+1}]\) and obtain
\begin{align*} \psi(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( i\frac 12 \Delta \psi(t) -i V \psi(t) -i\kappa |\psi(t)|^2 \psi(t) \right) \; dt. \end{align*}
Of course, it's not that simple: the \(\psi(t)\) in the integrand is still changing over time in accordance with the differential equation, so we cannot just evaluate the integral (or approximate it easily via quadrature) because we don't know \(\psi(t)\). But we can write this with separate contributions as follows, and this will allow us to deal with different terms separately:
\begin{align*} \psi(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( i\frac 12 \Delta \psi(t) \right) \; dt + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i V \psi(t) \right) \; dt + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i\kappa |\psi(t)|^2 \,\psi(t) \right) \; dt. \end{align*}
The way this equation can now be read is as follows: For each time interval \([t_{n},t_{n+1}]\), the change \(\psi(t_{n+1})-\psi(t_{n})\) in the solution consists of three contributions:
Operator splitting is now an approximation technique that allows us to treat each of these contributions separately. (If we want: In practice, we will treat the first two together, and the last one separate. But that is a detail, conceptually we could treat all of them differently.) To this end, let us introduce three separate "solutions":
\begin{align*} \psi^{(1)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( i\frac 12 \Delta \psi^{(1)}(t) \right) \; dt, \\ \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i V \psi^{(2)}(t) \right) \; dt, \\ \psi^{(3)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}(t)|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}(t) \right) \; dt. \end{align*}
These three "solutions" can be thought of as satisfying the following differential equations:
(t_n), \\ \frac{d\psi^{(3)}}{dt} &= -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}, & \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(3)}(t_n) &= \psi(t_n). \end{align*}
In other words, they are all trajectories \(\psi^{(k)}\) that start at \(\psi(t_n)\) and integrate up the effects of exactly one of the three terms. The increments resulting from each of these terms over our time interval are then \(I^{(1)}=\psi^{(1)}(t_{n+1})-\psi(t_n)\), \(I^{(2)}=\psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1})-\psi(t_n)\), and \(I^{(3)}=\psi^{(3)}(t_{n+1})-\psi(t_n)\).
It is now reasonable to assume (this is an approximation!) that the change due to all three of the effects in question is well approximated by the sum of the three separate increments:
\begin{align*} \psi(t_{n+1})-\psi(t_n) \approx I^{(1)} + I^{(2)} + I^{(3)}. \end{align*}
This intuition is indeed correct, though the approximation is not exact: the difference between the exact left hand side and the term \(I^{(1)}+I^{(2)}+I^{(3)}\) (i.e., the difference between the exact increment for the exact solution \(\psi(t)\) when moving from \(t_n\) to \(t_{n+1}\), and the increment composed of the three parts on the right hand side), is proportional to \(\Delta t=t_{n+1}-t_{n}\). In other words, this approach introduces an error of size \({\cal O}(\Delta t)\). Nothing we have done so far has discretized anything in time or space, so the overall error is going to be \({\cal O}(\Delta t)\) plus whatever error we commit when approximating the integrals (the temporal discretization error) plus whatever error we commit when approximating the spatial dependencies of \(\psi\) (the spatial error).
Before we continue with discussions about operator splitting, let us talk about why one would even want to go this way? The answer is simple: For some of the separate equations for the \(\psi^{(k)}\), we may have ways to solve them more efficiently than if we throw everything together and try to solve it at once. For example, and particularly pertinent in the current case: The equation for \(\psi^{(3)}\), i.e.,
\begin{align*} \frac{d\psi^{(3)}}{dt} &= -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}, \qquad\qquad & \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(3)}(t_n) &= \psi(t_n), \end{align*}
or equivalently,
\begin{align*} \psi^{(3)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}(t)|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}(t) \right) \; dt, \end{align*}
can be solved exactly: the equation is solved by
\begin{align*} \psi^{(3)}(t) = e^{-i\kappa|\psi(t_n)|^2 (t-t_{n})} \psi(t_n). \end{align*}
This is easy to see if (i) you plug this solution into the differential equation, and (ii) realize that the magnitude \(|\psi^{(3)}|\) is constant, i.e., the term \(|\psi(t_n)|^2\) in the exponent is in fact equal to \(|\psi^{(3)}(t)|^2\). In other words, the solution of the ODE for \(\psi^{(3)}(t)\) only changes its phase, but the magnitude of the complex-valued function \(\psi^{(3)}(t)\) remains constant. This makes computing \(I^{(3)}\) particularly convenient: we don't actually need to solve any ODE, we can write the solution down by hand. Using the operator splitting approach, none of the methods to compute \(I^{(1)},I^{(2)}\) therefore have to deal with the nonlinear term and all of the associated unpleasantries: we can get away with solving only linear problems, as long as we allow ourselves the luxury of using an operator splitting approach.
Secondly, one often uses operator splitting if the different physical effects described by the different terms have different time scales. Imagine, for example, a case where we really did have some sort of diffusion equation. Diffusion acts slowly, but if \(\kappa\) is large, then the "phase rotation" by the term \(-i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}(t)|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}(t)\) acts quickly. If we treated everything together, this would imply having to take rather small time steps. But with operator splitting, we can take large time steps \(\Delta t=t_{n+1}-t_{n}\) for the diffusion, and (assuming we didn't have an analytic solution) use an ODE solver with many small time steps to integrate the "phase rotation" equation for \(\psi^{(3)}\) from \(t_n\) to \(t_{n+1}\). In other words, operator splitting allows us to decouple slow and fast time scales and treat them differently, with methods adjusted to each case.
While the method above allows to compute the three contributions \(I^{(k)}\) in parallel, if we want, the method can be made slightly more accurate and easy to implement if we don't let the trajectories for the \(\psi^{(k)}\) start all at \(\psi(t_n)\), but instead let the trajectory for \(\psi^{(2)}\) start at the end point of the trajectory for \(\psi^{(1)}\), namely \(\psi^{(1)}(t_{n+1})\); similarly, we will start the trajectory for \(\psi^{(3)}\) start at the end point of the trajectory for \(\psi^{(2)}\), namely \(\psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1})\). This method is then called "Lie splitting" and has the same order of error as the method above, i.e., the splitting error is \({\cal O}(\Delta t)\).
This variation of operator splitting can be written as follows (carefully compare the initial conditions to the ones above):
^{(1)}(t_{n+1}), \\ \frac{d\psi^{(3)}}{dt} &= -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}, & \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(3)}(t_n) &= \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1}). \end{align*}
(Obviously, while the formulas above imply that we should solve these problems in this particular order, it is equally valid to first solve for trajectory 3, then 2, then 1, or any other permutation.)
The integrated forms of these equations are then
\begin{align*} \psi^{(1)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( i\frac 12 \Delta \psi^{(1)}(t) \right) \; dt, \\ \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi^{(1)}(t_{n+1}) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i V \psi^{(2)}(t) \right) \; dt, \\ \psi^{(3)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1}) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}(t)|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}(t) \right) \; dt. \end{align*}
From a practical perspective, this has the advantage that we need to keep around fewer solution vectors: Once \(\psi^{(1)}(t_n)\) has been computed, we don't need \(\psi(t_n)\) any more; once \(\psi^{(2)}(t_n)\) has been computed, we don't need \(\psi^{(1)}(t_n)\) any more. And once \(\psi^{(3)}(t_n)\) has been computed, we can just call it \(\psi(t_{n+1})\) because, if you insert the first into the second, and then into the third equation, you see that the right hand side of \(\psi^{(3)}(t_n)\) now contains the contributions of all three physical effects:
\begin{align*} \psi^{(3)}(t_{n+1}) &= \psi(t_n) + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( i\frac 12 \Delta \psi^{(1)}(t) \right) \; dt + \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i V \psi^{(2)}(t) \right) \; dt+ \int_{t_n}^{t_{n+1}} \left( -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}(t)|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}(t) \right) \; dt. \end{align*}
(Compare this again with the "exact" computation of \(\psi(t_{n+1})\): It only differs in how we approximate \(\psi(t)\) in each of the three integrals.) In other words, Lie splitting is a lot simpler to implement that the original method outlined above because data handling is so much simpler.
As mentioned above, Lie splitting is only \({\cal O}(\Delta t)\) accurate. This is acceptable if we were to use a first order time discretization, for example using the explicit or implicit Euler methods to solve the differential equations for \(\psi^{(k)}\). This is because these time integration methods introduce an error proportional to \(\Delta t\) themselves, and so the splitting error is proportional to an error that we would introduce anyway, and does not diminish the overall convergence order.
But we typically want to use something higher order – say, a Crank-Nicolson or BDF2 method – since these are often not more expensive than a simple Euler method. It would be a shame if we were to use a time stepping method that is \({\cal O}(\Delta t^2)\), but then lose the accuracy again through the operator splitting.
This is where the Strang splitting method comes in. It is easier to explain if we had only two parts, and so let us combine the effects of the Laplace operator and of the potential into one, and the phase rotation into a second effect. (Indeed, this is what we will do in the code since solving the equation with the Laplace equation with or without the potential costs the same – so we merge these two steps.) The Lie splitting method from above would then do the following: It computes solutions of the following two ODEs,
\begin{align*} \frac{d\psi^{(1)}}{dt} &= i\frac 12 \Delta \psi^{(1)} -i V \psi^{(1)}, \qquad & \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(1)}(t_n) &= \psi(t_n), \\ \frac{d\psi^{(2)}}{dt} &= -i\kappa |\psi^{(2)}|^2 \,\psi^{(2)}, & \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(2)}(t_n) &= \psi^{(1)}(t_{n+1}), \end{align*}
and then uses the approximation \(\psi(t_{n+1}) \approx \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1})\). In other words, we first make one full time step for physical effect one, then one full time step for physical effect two. The solution at the end of the time step is simply the sum of the increments due to each of these physical effects separately.
In contrast, Gil Strang (one of the titans of numerical analysis starting in the mid-20th century) figured out that it is more accurate to first do one half-step for one physical effect, then a full time step for the other physical effect, and then another half step for the first. Which one is which does not matter, but because it is so simple to do the phase rotation, we will use this effect for the half steps and then only need to do one spatial solve with the Laplace operator plus potential. This operator splitting method is now \({\cal O}(\Delta t^2)\) accurate. Written in formulas, this yields the following sequence of steps:
\begin{align*} \frac{d\psi^{(1)}}{dt} &= -i\kappa |\psi^{(1)}|^2 \,\psi^{(1)}, && \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_n+\tfrac 12\Delta t), \qquad\qquad&\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(1)}(t_n) &= \psi(t_n), \\ \frac{d\psi^{(2)}}{dt} &= i\frac 12 \Delta \psi^{(2)} -i V \psi^{(2)}, \qquad && \text{for}\; t \in (t_n,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad&\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(2)}(t_n) &= \psi^{(1)}(t_n+\tfrac 12\Delta t), \\ \frac{d\psi^{(3)}}{dt} &= -i\kappa |\psi^{(3)}|^2 \,\psi^{(3)}, && \text{for}\; t \in (t_n+\tfrac 12\Delta t,t_{n+1}), \qquad\qquad&\text{with initial condition}\; \psi^{(3)}(t_n) &= \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1}). \end{align*}
As before, the first and third step can be computed exactly for this particular equation, yielding
\begin{align*} \psi^{(1)}(t_n+\tfrac 12\Delta t) &= e^{-i\kappa|\psi(t_n)|^2 \tfrac 12\Delta t} \; \psi(t_n), \\ \psi^{(3)}(t_{n+1}) &= e^{-i\kappa|\psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1})|^2 \tfrac 12\Delta t} \; \psi^{(2)}(t_{n+1}). \end{align*}
This is then how we are going to implement things in this program: In each time step, we execute three steps, namely
This structure will be reflected in an obvious way in the main time loop of the program.
From the discussion above, it should have become clear that the only partial differential equation we have to solve in each time step is
\begin{align*} -i\frac{\partial\psi^{(2)}}{\partial t} - \frac 12 \Delta \psi^{(2)} + V \psi^{(2)} = 0. \end{align*}
This equation is linear. Furthermore, we only have to solve it from \(t_n\) to \(t_{n+1}\), i.e., for exactly one time step.
To do this, we will apply the second order accurate Crank-Nicolson scheme that we have already used in some of the other time dependent codes (specifically: step-23 and step-26). It reads as follows:
\begin{align*} -i\frac{\psi^{(n,2)}-\psi^{(n,1)}}{k_{n+1}} - \frac 12 \Delta \left[\frac 12 \left(\psi^{(n,2)}+\psi^{(n,1)}\right)\right] + V \left[\frac 12 \left(\psi^{(n,2)}+\psi^{(n,1)}\right)\right] = 0. \end{align*}
Here, the "previous" solution \(\psi^{(n,1)}\) (or the "initial condition" for this part of the time step) is the output of the first phase rotation half-step; the output of the current step will be denoted by \(\psi^{(n,2)}\). \(k_{n+1}=t_{n+1}-t_n\) is the length of the time step. (One could argue whether \(\psi^{(n,1)}\) and \(\psi^{(n,1)}\) live at time step \(n\) or \(n+1\) and what their upper indices should be. This is a philosophical discussion without practical impact, and one might think of \(\psi^{(n,1)}\) as something like \(\psi^{(n+\tfrac 13)}\), and \(\psi^{(n,2)}\) as \(\psi^{(n+\tfrac 23)}\) if that helps clarify things – though, again \(n+\frac 13\) is not to be understood as "one third time step after \form#391" but more like "we've already done one third of the work necessary for time step \form#2599".)
If we multiply the whole equation with \(k_{n+1}\) and sort terms with the unknown \(\psi^{(n+1,2)}\) to the left and those with the known \(\psi^{(n,2)}\) to the right, then we obtain the following (spatial) partial differential equation that needs to be solved in each time step:
\begin{align*} -i\psi^{(n,2)} - \frac 14 k_{n+1} \Delta \psi^{(n,2)} + \frac 12 k_{n+1} V \psi^{(n,2)} = -i\psi^{(n,1)} + \frac 14 k_{n+1} \Delta \psi^{(n,1)} - \frac 12 k_{n+1} V \psi^{(n,1)}. \end{align*}
As mentioned above, the previous tutorial program dealing with complex-valued solutions (namely, step-29) separated real and imaginary parts of the solution. It thus reduced everything to real arithmetic. In contrast, we here want to keep things complex-valued.
The first part of this is that we need to define the discretized solution as \(\psi_h^n(\mathbf x)=\sum_j \Psi^n_j \varphi_j(\mathbf x) \approx \psi(\mathbf x,t_n)\) where the \(\varphi_j\) are the usual shape functions (which are real valued) but the expansion coefficients \(\Psi^n_j\) at time step \(n\) are now complex-valued. This is easily done in deal.II: We just have to use Vector<std::complex<double>> instead of Vector<double> to store these coefficients.
Of more interest is how to build and solve the linear system. Obviously, this will only be necessary for the second step of the Strang splitting discussed above, with the time discretization of the previous subsection. We obtain the fully discrete version through straightforward substitution of \(\psi^n\) by \(\psi^n_h\) and multiplication by a test function:
\begin{align*} -iM\Psi^{(n,2)} + \frac 14 k_{n+1} A \Psi^{(n,2)} + \frac 12 k_{n+1} W \Psi^{(n,2)} = -iM\Psi^{(n+1,1)} - \frac 14 k_{n+1} A \Psi^{(n,1)} - \frac 12 k_{n+1} W \Psi^{(n,1)}, \end{align*}
or written in a more compact way:
\begin{align*} \left[ -iM + \frac 14 k_{n+1} A + \frac 12 k_{n+1} W \right] \Psi^{(n,2)} = \left[ -iM - \frac 14 k_{n+1} A - \frac 12 k_{n+1} W \right] \Psi^{(n,1)}. \end{align*}
Here, the matrices are defined in their obvious ways:
\begin{align*} M_{ij} &= (\varphi_i,\varphi_j), \\ A_{ij} &= (\nabla\varphi_i,\nabla\varphi_j), \\ W_{ij} &= (\varphi_i,V \varphi_j). \end{align*}
Note that all matrices individually are in fact symmetric, real-valued, and at least positive semidefinite, though the same is obviously not true for the system matrix \(C = -iM + \frac 14 k_{n+1} A + \frac 12 k_{n+1} W\) and the corresponding matrix \(R = -iM - \frac 14 k_{n+1} A - \frac 12 k_{n+1} W\) on the right hand side.
The only remaining important question about the solution procedure is how to solve the complex-valued linear system
\begin{align*} C \Psi^{(n+1,2)} = R \Psi^{(n+1,1)}, \end{align*}
with the matrix \(C = -iM + \frac 14 k_{n+1} A + \frac 12 k_{n+1} W\) and a right hand side that is easily computed as the product of a known matrix and the previous part-step's solution. As usual, this comes down to the question of what properties the matrix \(C\) has. If it is symmetric and positive definite, then we can for example use the Conjugate Gradient method.
Unfortunately, the matrix's only useful property is that it is complex symmetric, i.e., \(C_{ij}=C_{ji}\), as is easy to see by recalling that \(M,A,W\) are all symmetric. It is not, however, Hermitian, which would require that \(C_{ij}=\bar C_{ji}\) where the bar indicates complex conjugation.
Complex symmetry can be exploited for iterative solvers as a quick literature search indicates. We will here not try to become too sophisticated (and indeed leave this to the Possibilities for extensions section below) and instead simply go with the good old standby for problems without properties: A direct solver. That's not optimal, especially for large problems, but it shall suffice for the purposes of a tutorial program. Fortunately, the SparseDirectUMFPACK class allows solving complex-valued problems.
Initial conditions for the NLSE are typically chosen to represent particular physical situations. This is beyond the scope of this program, but suffice it to say that these initial conditions are (i) often superpositions of the wave functions of particles located at different points, and that (ii) because \(|\psi(\mathbf x,t)|^2\) corresponds to a particle density function, the integral
\[ N(t) = \int_\Omega |\psi(\mathbf x,t)|^2 \]
corresponds to the number of particles in the system. (Clearly, if one were to be physically correct, \(N(t)\) better be a constant if the system is closed, or \(\frac{dN}{dt}<0\) if one has absorbing boundary conditions.) The important point is that one should choose initial conditions so that
\[ N(0) = \int_\Omega |\psi_0(\mathbf x)|^2 \]
makes sense.
What we will use here, primarily because it makes for good graphics, is the following:
\[ \psi_0(\mathbf x) = \sqrt{\sum_{k=1}^4 \alpha_k e^{-\frac{r_k^2}{R^2}}}, \]
where \(r_k = |\mathbf x-\mathbf x_k|\) is the distance from the (fixed) locations \(\mathbf x_k\), and \(\alpha_k\) are chosen so that each of the Gaussians that we are adding up adds an integer number of particles to \(N(0)\). We achieve this by making sure that
\[ \int_\Omega \alpha_k e^{-\frac{r_k^2}{R^2}} \]
is a positive integer. In other words, we need to choose \(\alpha\) as an integer multiple of
\[ \left(\int_\Omega e^{-\frac{r_k^2}{R^2}}\right)^{-1} = \left(R^d\sqrt{\pi^d}\right)^{-1}, \]
assuming for the moment that \(\Omega={\mathbb R}^d\) – which is of course not the case, but we'll ignore the small difference in integral.
Thus, we choose \(\alpha_k=\left(R^d\sqrt{\pi^d}\right)^{-1}\) for all, and \(R=0.1\). This \(R\) is small enough that the difference between the exact (infinite) integral and the integral over \(\Omega\) should not be too concerning. We choose the four points \(\mathbf x_k\) as \((\pm 0.3, 0), (0, \pm 0.3)\) – also far enough away from the boundary of \(\Omega\) to keep ourselves on the safe side.
For simplicity, we pose the problem on the square \([-1,1]^2\). For boundary conditions, we will use time-independent Neumann conditions of the form
\[ \nabla\psi(\mathbf x,t)\cdot \mathbf n=0 \qquad\qquad \forall \mathbf x\in\partial\Omega. \]
This is not a realistic choice of boundary conditions but sufficient for what we want to demonstrate here. We will comment further on this in the Possibilities for extensions section below.
Finally, we choose \(\kappa=1\), and the potential as
\[ V(\mathbf x) = \begin{cases} 0 & \text{if}\; |\mathbf x|<0.7 \\ 1000 & \text{otherwise}. \end{cases} \]
Using a large potential makes sure that the wave function \(\psi\) remains small outside the circle of radius 0.7. All of the Gaussians that make up the initial conditions are within this circle, and the solution will mostly oscillate within it, with a small amount of energy radiating into the outside. The use of a large potential also makes sure that the nonphysical boundary condition does not have too large an effect.
The program starts with the usual include files, all of which you should have seen before by now:
Then the usual placing of all content of this program into a namespace and the importation of the deal.II namespace into the one we will work in:
NonlinearSchroedingerEquationclass
Then the main class. It looks very much like the corresponding classes in step-4 or step-6, with the only exception that the matrices and vectors and everything else related to the linear system are now storing elements of type
std::complex<double> instead of just
double.
Before we go on filling in the details of the main class, let us define the equation data corresponding to the problem, i.e. initial values, as well as a right hand side class. (We will reuse the initial conditions also for the boundary values, which we simply keep constant.) We do so using classes derived from the Function class template that has been used many times before, so the following should not look surprising. The only point of interest is that we here have a complex-valued problem, so we have to provide the second template argument of the Function class (which would otherwise default to
double). Furthermore, the return type of the
value() functions is then of course also complex.
What precisely these functions return has been discussed at the end of the Introduction section.
NonlinearSchroedingerEquationclass
We start by specifying the implementation of the constructor of the class. There is nothing of surprise to see here except perhaps that we choose quadratic ( \(Q_2\)) Lagrange elements – the solution is expected to be smooth, so we choose a higher polynomial degree than the bare minimum.:
Next, we assemble the relevant matrices. The way we have written the Crank-Nicolson discretization of the spatial step of the Strang splitting (i.e., the second of the three partial steps in each time step), we were led to the linear system \(\left[ -iM + \frac 14 k_{n+1} A + \frac 12 k_{n+1} W \right] \Psi^{(n,2)} = \left[ -iM - \frac 14 k_{n+1} A - \frac 12 k_{n+1} W \right] \Psi^{(n,1)}\). In other words, there are two matrices in play here – one for the left and one for the right hand side. We build these matrices separately. (One could avoid building the right hand side matrix and instead just form the action of the matrix on \(\Psi^{(n,1)}\) in each time step. This may or may not be more efficient, but efficiency is not foremost on our minds for this program.)
Having set up all data structures above, we are now in a position to implement the partial steps that form the Strang splitting scheme. We start with the half-step to advance the phase, and that is used as the first and last part of each time step.
To this end, recall that for the first half step, we needed to compute \(\psi^{(n,1)} = e^{-i\kappa|\psi^{(n,0)}|^2 \tfrac 12\Delta t} \; \psi^{(n,0)}\). Here, \(\psi^{(n,0)}=\psi^{(n)}\) and \(\psi^{(n,1)}\) are functions of space and correspond to the output of the previous complete time step and the result of the first of the three part steps, respectively. A corresponding solution must be computed for the third of the part steps, i.e. \(\psi^{(n,3)} = e^{-i\kappa|\psi^{(n,2)}|^2 \tfrac 12\Delta t} \; \psi^{(n,2)}\), where \(\psi^{(n,3)}=\psi^{(n+1)}\) is the result of the time step as a whole, and its input \(\psi^{(n,2)}\) is the result of the spatial step of the Strang splitting.
An important realization is that while \(\psi^{(n,0)}(\mathbf x)\) may be a finite element function (i.e., is piecewise polynomial), this may not necessarily be the case for the "rotated" function in which we have updated the phase using the exponential factor (recall that the amplitude of that function remains constant as part of that step). In other words, we could compute \(\psi^{(n,1)}(\mathbf x)\) at every point \(\mathbf x\in\Omega\), but we can't represent it on a mesh because it is not a piecewise polynomial function. The best we can do in a discrete setting is to compute a projection or interpolation. In other words, we can compute \(\psi_h^{(n,1)}(\mathbf x) = \Pi_h \left(e^{-i\kappa|\psi_h^{(n,0)}(\mathbf x)|^2 \tfrac 12\Delta t} \; \psi_h^{(n,0)}(\mathbf x) \right)\) where \(\Pi_h\) is a projection or interpolation operator. The situation is particularly simple if we choose the interpolation: Then, all we need to compute is the value of the right hand side at the node points and use these as nodal values for the vector \(\Psi^{(n,1)}\) of degrees of freedom. This is easily done because evaluating the right hand side at node points for a Lagrange finite element as used here requires us to only look at a single (complex-valued) entry of the node vector. In other words, what we need to do is to compute \(\Psi^{(n,1)}_j = e^{-i\kappa|\Psi^{(n,0)}_j|^2 \tfrac 12\Delta t} \; \Psi^{(n,0)}_j\) where \(j\) loops over all of the entries of our solution vector. This is what the function below does – in fact, it doesn't even use separate vectors for \(\Psi^{(n,0)}\) and \(\Psi^{(n,1)}\), but just updates the same vector as appropriate.
The next step is to solve for the linear system in each time step, i.e., the second half step of the Strang splitting we use. Recall that it had the form \(C\Psi^{(n,2)} = R\Psi^{(n,1)}\) where \(C\) and \(R\) are the matrices we assembled earlier.
The way we solve this here is using a direct solver. We first form the right hand side \(r=R\Psi^{(n,1)}\) using the SparseMatrix::vmult() function and put the result into the
system_rhs variable. We then call SparseDirectUMFPACK::solver() which takes as argument the matrix \(C\) and the right hand side vector and returns the solution in the same vector
system_rhs. The final step is then to put the solution so computed back into the
solution variable.
The last of the helper functions and classes we ought to discuss are the ones that create graphical output. The result of running the half and full steps for the local and spatial parts of the Strang splitting is that we have updated the
solution vector \(\Psi^n\) to the correct value at the end of each time step. Its entries contain complex numbers for the solution at the nodes of the finite element mesh.
Complex numbers are not easily visualized. We can output their real and imaginary parts, i.e., the fields \(\text{Re}(\psi_h^{(n)}(\mathbf x))\) and \(\text{Im}(\psi_h^{(n)}(\mathbf x))\), and that is exactly what the DataOut class does when one attaches as complex-valued vector via DataOut::add_data_vector() and then calls DataOut::build_patches(). That is indeed what we do below.
But oftentimes we are not particularly interested in real and imaginary parts of the solution vector, but instead in derived quantities such as the magnitude \(|\psi|\) and phase angle \(\text{arg}(\psi)\) of the solution. In the context of quantum systems such as here, the magnitude itself is not so interesting, but instead it is the "amplitude", \(|\psi|^2\) that is a physical property: it corresponds to the probability density of finding a particle in a particular place of state. The way to put computed quantities into output files for visualization – as used in numerous previous tutorial programs – is to use the facilities of the DataPostprocessor and derived classes. Specifically, both the amplitude of a complex number and its phase angles are scalar quantities, and so the DataPostprocessorScalar class is the right tool to base what we want to do on.
Consequently, what we do here is to implement two classes
ComplexAmplitude and
ComplexPhase that compute for each point at which DataOut decides to generate output, the amplitudes \(|\psi_h|^2\) and phases \(\text{arg}(\psi_h)\) of the solution for visualization. There is a fair amount of boiler-plate code below, with the only interesting parts of the first of these two classes being how its
evaluate_vector_field() function computes the
computed_quantities object.
(There is also the rather awkward fact that the std::norm() function does not compute what one would naively imagine, namely \(|\psi|\), but returns \(|\psi|^2\) instead. It's certainly quite confusing to have a standard function mis-named in such a way...)
The second of these postprocessor classes computes the phase angle of the complex-valued solution at each point. In other words, if we represent \(\psi(\mathbf x,t)=r(\mathbf x,t) e^{i\varphi(\mathbf x,t)}\), then this class computes \(\varphi(\mathbf x,t)\). The function std::arg does this for us, and returns the angle as a real number between \(-\pi\) and \(+\pi\).
For reasons that we will explain in detail in the results section, we do not actually output this value at each location where output is generated. Rather, we take the maximum over all evaluation points of the phase and then fill each evaluation point's output field with this maximum – in essence, we output the phase angle as a piecewise constant field, where each cell has its own constant value. The reasons for this will become clear once you read through the discussion further down below.
Having so implemented these post-processors, we create output as we always do. As in many other time-dependent tutorial programs, we attach flags to DataOut that indicate the number of the time step and the current simulation time.
The remaining step is how we set up the overall logic for this program. It's really relatively simple: Set up the data structures; interpolate the initial conditions onto finite element space; then iterate over all time steps, and on each time step perform the three parts of the Strang splitting method. Every tenth time step, we generate graphical output. That's it.
The rest is again boiler plate and exactly as in almost all of the previous tutorial programs:
Running the code results in screen output like the following:
Running the program also yields a good number of output files that we will visualize in the following.
The
output_results() function of this program generates output files that consist of a number of variables: The solution (split into its real and imaginary parts), the amplitude, and the phase. If we visualize these four fields, we get images like the following after a few time steps (at time \(t=0.242\), to be precise:
While the real and imaginary parts of the solution shown above are not particularly interesting (because, from a physical perspective, the global offset of the phase and therefore the balance between real and imaginary components, is meaningless), it is much more interesting to visualize the amplitude \(|\psi(\mathbf x,t)|^2\) and phase \(\text{arg}(\psi(\mathbf x,t))\) of the solution and, in particular, their evolution. This leads to pictures like the following:
The phase picture shown here clearly has some flaws:
nic_Edgemap in which both of the extreme values are shown as black.
ComplexPhaseclass just uses the maximal phase angle encountered on each cell.
With these modifications, the phase plot now looks as follows:
Finally, we can generate a movie out of this. (To be precise, the video uses two more global refinement cycles and a time step half the size of what is used in the program above.) The author of these lines made the movie with VisIt, because that's what he's more familiar with, and using a hacked color map that is also cyclic – though this color map lacks all of the skill employed by the people who wrote the posts mentioned in the links above. It does, however, show the character of the solution as a wave equation if you look at the shaded part of the domain outside the circle of radius 0.7 in which the potential is zero – you can see how every time one of the bumps (showing the amplitude \(|\psi_h(\mathbf x,t)|^2\)) bumps into the area where the potential is large: a wave travels outbound from there. Take a look at the video:
So why did I end up shading the area where the potential \(V(\mathbf x)\) is large? In that outside region, the solution is relatively small. It is also relatively smooth. As a consequence, to some approximate degree, the equation in that region simplifies to
\[ - i \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t} + V \psi \approx 0, \]
or maybe easier to read:
\[ \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t} \approx - i V \psi. \]
To the degree to which this approximation is valid (which, among other things, eliminates the traveling waves you can see in the video), this equation has a solution
\[ \psi(\mathbf x, t) = \psi(\mathbf x, 0) e^{-i V t}. \]
Because \(V\) is large, this means that the phase rotates quite rapidly. If you focus on the semi-transparent outer part of the domain, you can see that. If one colors this region in the same way as the inner part of the domain, this rapidly flashing outer part may be psychedelic, but is also distracting of what's happening on the inside; it's also quite hard to actually see the radiating waves that are easy to see at the beginning of the video.
The solver chosen here is just too simple. It is also not efficient. What we do here is give the matrix to a sparse direct solver in every time step and let it find the solution of the linear system. But we know that we could do far better:
In order to be usable for actual, realistic problems, solvers for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation need to utilize boundary conditions that make sense for the problem at hand. We have here restricted ourselves to simple Neumann boundary conditions – but these do not actually make sense for the problem. Indeed, the equations are generally posed on an infinite domain. But, since we can't compute on infinite domains, we need to truncate it somewhere and instead pose boundary conditions that make sense for this artificially small domain. The approach widely used is to use the Perfectly Matched Layer method that corresponds to a particular kind of attenuation. It is, in a different context, also used in step-62.
Finally, we know from experience and many other tutorial programs that it is worthwhile to use adaptively refined meshes, rather than the uniform meshes used here. It would, in fact, not be very difficult to add this here: It just requires periodic remeshing and transfer of the solution from one mesh to the next. step-26 will be a good guide for how this could be implemented. | https://dealii.org/developer/doxygen/deal.II/step_58.html | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | refinedweb | 7,374 | 54.36 |
Debian GNU/Hurd 2015 released! Details..
Read the announcement email..
GNU Hurd 0.6, GNU Mach 1.5, GNU MIG 1.5 released. Details.
- GNU Hurd 0.6: announcement, NEWS
- GNU Mach 1.5: announcement, NEWS
- GNU MIG 1.5: announcement, NEWS.
The Google Summer of Code 2015 is on! If you're a student, consider applying for a GNU Hurd project -- details to be found on our GSoC and project ideas pages.
The Google Summer of Code 2014 is on! If you're a student, consider applying for a GNU Hurd project -- details to be found on our GSoC and project ideas pages.
Happy 30th birthday, GNU! GNU Hurd 0.5, GNU Mach 1.4, GNU MIG 1.4 released. Details.
Which day could be better suited for publishing a set of Hurd package releases than the GNU project's 30th birthday?
... and here we have our birthday presents:
- GNU Hurd 0.5: announcement, NEWS
- GNU Mach 1.4: announcement, NEWS
- GNU MIG 1.4: announcement, NEWS
(If the NEWS links don't work, try the following ones -- which are served from a GNU/Hurd machine, by the way: GNU Hurd 0.5 NEWS, GNU Mach 1.4 NEWS, GNU MIG 1.4 NEWS.)
These new releases bundle bug fixes and enhancements done since the last releases more than a decade ago; really too many (both years and improvements) to list them individually, but please see the NEWS files. Many thanks to all the people who are helping!.
Debian GNU/Hurd 2013 released! Details.3 and Q4 of 2012: libpthread conversion, installation CDs, hardware compatibility, porting. Details.1 and Q2 of 2012: Google Summer of Code, Barrier of Entry, Core, Porting. Details.,4 of 2011: Nix-based builds and bounty: slab allocator merged. Details..
Samuel Thibault followed suit with a new Debian GNU/Hurd disk set as a christmas gift, and identified three easy porting cases with solutions:
- undefined reference to
dl_*: add
-ldlfor building
- undefined reference to
main: missing
gnu*case in the linking part of
configure.acor
.in
- undefined reference to
clock_gettimeor
crypt: add
-lrtor
-lcrypt
These should help all those who want to help porting packages.
Maksym Planeta and Richard Braun finished integration of the slab allocator. From IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-11-14:
<braunr> there shouldn't be any noticeable difference [...]
This also concludes our first FOSS Factory project -- one bounty has been redeemed, more are waiting.
Sergio Lopez documented his work on better memory management and memfs, making it easier for other hackers to join in working on that topic.
Our hackers also used the quarter for porting a good number of packages and
fixing bugs. After fixing quirks in the Hurd's memory management system,
Sergio Lopez reported success building
webkitgtk+, whose
build stresses the available memory resources on a 32-bit architecture to a
large extent. Svante Signell was busy, too:
pax,
abiword,
syslog-ng,
ecl,
fakeroot,
daemon, and
procps,
e2fsprogs' quota.
Samuel Thibault handled
packagekit,
evolution,
emacs23,
gcc-4.7, and
iceweasel
(firefox). Bouju
Alain submitted a
patch to
support
/proc/cpuinfo. Ludovic Courtès contributed a patch to allow for
/hurd/init being
symlink,
made the Hurd build with glibc
2.14+, and
worked with the GNU coreutils
team on a
few issues. Pino Toscano improved
recvfrom with
NULL address
ports.
Maksym Planeta continued working on
tmpfs.
Samuel Thibault turned
/dev/random and
/dev/urandom into native
translators,
modernized libtool's
configuration,
mknod's cleanup in error
cases,
fixed POSIX 2008
visibility,
and fixed an issue in
setresuid that broke
sudo.
Pino
Toscano and
Thomas
Schwinge
improved key handling in libpthread. Guillem Jover fixed Mach's
int
vs.
long
discrepancy, which
takes us the first step towards porting the system to
x86 64.
If you want to join us in our journey to realize more of the promises of the architecture of the Hurd, please get in contact -- and maybe already grab the source code and have fun hacking on Free Software!3 of 2011: Arch Hurd with DDE, Debian boxes, GHM talk and GSoC: Java. Details.2 of 2011, PS: GNU Hurd Truths and Myths. Details.!
A quarter of the Hurd, Q2 of 2011: Graphical Installer, GSoC, and Debian. Details..
Hey,. Read on..
A quarter of the Hurd, Q1 of 2011: GSoC, and new faces. Details._1<<
We
A year of the Hurd: 2010. Details..
A month of the Hurd: CD images. Details.
Samuel Thibault updated the Debian GNU/Hurd installer ISO, and also again did his regular batch of bug fixing.
Arch Hurd is back in action!, too: they uploaded a first version of a graphical live CD.
Neal Walfield reported on the state of his Viengoos kernel / research project, which unfortunately is currently on hold, due to other commitments.
Olaf Buddenhagen raised an interesting use case: you can use a subhurd for debugging the main Hurd system. That is virtualization at its best!
Right before the end of the year, Diego Martin Nieto Cid sent a patch series
to fix some issues with
make
dist.
Happy New Year 2011, everyone!
A month of the Hurd: a short one. Details..
A month of the Hurd: bug fixing / flubber re-installation. Details..
A month of the Hurd: new translators / bug fixing. Details.
Yes, we're a bit late this month. Arne Babenhauserheide, the guy who has started and has been drafting the Month of the Hurd ever since June 2009 (yes, that one and a half years already!), moves on to other duties -- his wife has given birth to our first Hurd developer offspring (as far as I know):
Last friday my son Leandro entered our cold and too bright but friendly world, [...]
We wish them good luck for their new parental duty!
The other guy, Thomas Schwinge, who has been editing and publishing the Month of the Hurd will take over -- at least temporarily (mind you, Arne).
But, we got some Hurd news, too.
Olaf Buddenhagen posted a patch that allows to obtain number of ports in proc and libps by means of adding a new RPC -- and subsequently held a discussion with Samuel Thibault who proposed that instead of adding such functionality on an ad hoc basis, a more generic solution could be found, too. In the end, they agreed that this functionality was useful enough, and the patch was committed.
It is important to spend time on designing proper interfaces (RPCs in this case), but on the other hand what we're doing now need not be set in stone forever, as Olaf explains:
Well, we already have a mechanism for making communication protocols in the Hurd extensible: it's called the RPC mechanism...
Let's not try to invent another generic mechanism on top of RPCs.Let's not try to invent another generic mechanism on top of RPCs.
If ten year down the road we indeed end up with half a dozen miscallaneous info queries, we can still replace them by a new RPC covering all of it...
Thomas Schwinge moved some packages (gopherfs, netio, tarfs) from hurdextras to the Hurd's incubator repository; these are now available as Debian GNU/Hurd packages. Manuel Menal also spent time on actually making tarfs and good ol' gopherfs usable.
Similar treatment has been applied to Jérémie Koenig's new procfs implementation; this one is now used in Debian GNU/Hurd.
Jérémie found some problems with signal delivery -- signals apparently are not delivered as expected. Roland McGrath, this hairy code's original author, provided some insight:
It's not that it's a bug, it's that the Hurd has never had POSIX-1996 multithreaded signal semantics. The Hurd implementation predates those specifications.
The Hurd signal semantics are well-defined today. They are not the POSIX-1996 semantics in the presence of multiple threads per process.
This explains for differences comparing to other recent Unixy systems, for example Linux. Neal Walfield, our libpthread's main author, states that he sees no convincing reason to not adopt POSIX/Linux signal semantics and abandon Hurd signal semantics. Jérémie went on to send a first patch. While already working in that area, Samuel Thibault applied some further fixes to our two threading libraries, and among others, he also sent a related glibc patch to fix signal-catching functions. And then, there is still the project about converting the Hurd's libraries and servers to using libpthread instead of Mach's cthreads (libthreads); likely such signalling system moderizations could be done alongside of that.
Manuel Menal fixed a
bug that
occurred when sending file descriptors with
SCM_RIGHTS over
PF_LOCAL
sockets. He also identified this bug as the reason why the SSH daemon's
privilege separation was not working on GNU/Hurd -- now this is
fixed and
you can use the default of
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes.
Michael Banck has, based on user feedback, applied some changes to the crosshurd package, and uploaded a new version.
In other news, the Arch Hurd guys rightfully concluded that now that they're having a package available for almighty GNU Emacs, no further user-land packages need to be ported. If only everyone was using Emacs...
Last, and least, there are
rumors about
our colleagues over at the Duke Nukem Forever department getting serious again.
We shall see.
A month of the Hurd: Media Appearances, procfs, Arch Hurd. Details.
Neal Walfield and Michael Bank have been doing presentations related to the GNU Hurd: from the GNU Hackers Meeting in the Hague you can watch the video of the presentation by Neal Walfield: GNU/Hurd: It's About Freedom (Or: Why you should care) where he details why we're still interested in working on the GNU Hurd, and there is another presentation (including video) by Michael Banck: Debian GNU/Hurd -- Past. Present. And Future? (slides) from DebConf10, including a very nice nod towards the main actors who are currently pushing the Hurd forward.
Jérémie Koenig wrapped up his Google Summer of Code project (Debian Installer) by posting his Hurd patches for installer/build as well as the patches used for hurd 20100802-1~jk7 to the debian-hurd mailing list. Most of them have been handled in the mean time, and we're still waiting for you to test his work by following his easy four-step instructions.
However, even though that this year's GSoC has come to an end, he didn't stop working: among other things, he has rewritten procfs and published his version just before the end of the month:
I have successfully tested it with most of the Linux procps utilities, as well as busybox and htop. It seems to be stable, not too slow, and it stays under 1.5M in resident size.
Testing it is as simple as this:
$ git clone git://git.savannah.gnu.org/hurd/procfs.git $ cd procfs/ $ git checkout jkoenig/master $ make $ settrans -ca proc procfs --compatible $ ls -l proc/
Thomas Schwinge added some more information to the web pages, notably a bunch of open issues reports, to have them registered in a generic place, and to facilitate coordination. If you're looking for a Hurd-related project to work on, go looking there! He also converted and merged some of the hurdextras CVS repositories into the hurd Git repositories and our incubator. All of this should make it easier for new contributors to join in.
The Arch Hurd guys have some news to share, too:
-
They reported on their current status, as well as they released a new LiveCD image, and added a Planet Arch Hurd which aggregates the different Arch Hurd Blogs.
-
The team packaged everything you need for the GHAMP solution stack.
-
Their Diego Nieto Cid sent a patch series to bring console-driver-xkb up to date. This is a add-on to allow using X keymaps to configure the Hurd console for non-US keyboard layouts.
Finally, amongst other bug fixing and other development work by the usual suspects, we had a short review of what the current Hurd contributors still need to use a GNU/Hurd system for most of their day-to-day tasks. This may help to prioritize the development efforts.
A month of the Hurd: Thanks, Phil!, Debian Installer, compatibility, and LWN article. Details..
A month of the Hurd: Debian Installer, clustered page-in, and a bunch of bug fixing. Details.
A bunch of patches have hit the mailing lists and source code repositories:
Jérémie Koenig posted a preliminary patch to add initrd (initial ramdisk) support in GNU Mach for his Google Summer of Code 2010 project: Debian Installer. With this patch, and some other patches that are still in flux, he ended up being able to install a Debian GNU/Hurd system using the Debian Installer -- which is the goal of his project. Patches being in flux means that there's still work left to be done to properly solve some issues, so there's no need to worry that Jérémie wouldn't have any work left until the GSoC ends.
Karim Allah Amed came up with the first patch for porting the clustered paging-in code from OSF Mach to GNU Mach, which should improve the virtual memory performance of the Hurd.
Emilio Pozuelo Monfort got a bug in glibc fixed, which unblocks a problem we've seen in coreutils'
ln, and also continued to make progress on other grounds.
Zheng Da began to commit patches to make his DDE project support block device drivers, apart from fixing some other issues, too.
Samuel Thibault fixed memory leaks in
pfinet, which is the Hurd's TCP/IP networking unit. Even though that a crashed
pfinetserver will be restarted upon its next use, having it eat up all system memory is to be avoided, of course -- and is corrected with these patches.
Carl Fredrik Hammar submitted patches to improve the stability of the auth server (rendezvous port death / invalid rendezvous ports).
Lastly, if you haven't seen it already: Richard Hillesley has posted an article GNU HURD: Altered visions and lost promise that caused quite a bunch of discussion -- some of it valid and constructive criticism, some of it less so. If you want to come in contact with us GNU Hurd developers, there are numerous options to contact us!
A month of the Hurd: DDE linux26, thread storms, patches, new live CD and IRC meetings. Details.
Zheng Da reported on the state of his ongoing work of porting DDE linux26 to the Hurd, which is meant to improve the GNU/Hurd hardware support. The devices as emulated by QEMU and VMware already work fine, but he's still seeking help for testing on real hardware.
Sergio López published patches as well as readily-usable packages to prevent thread storms in ext2fs when synchronizing large pagers. This should improve system performance and stability.
Emilio Pozuelo Monfort and Sergio López developed further patches (for example: exec, tmpfs) to fix or improve the various internal Hurd servers, and discussed them with other Hurd developers.
Justus Winter created a live CD with an installation wizard in the spirit of the OpenBSD installer. He needs testers to help improve it.
Ludovic Courtès informed that he has added support for cross-building packages from GNU/Linux to GNU/Hurd to the Nix package manager, as well as doing continuous cross-building of the GNU Hurd itself, and glibc.
The regular IRC meetings for Google Summer of Code students, their mentors, and any other interested parties are continuing on Mondays and Thursdays, 10:30 UTC, as Olaf Buddenhagen reported. If you want to catch up, have a look at the #hurd channel logs.
As always in the Month of the Hurd, these news blurbs are only a selection of what happened in the last month. There's always more to be found on our mailing lists, especially bug-hurd.
A month of the Hurd: Arch Hurd, updated Debian GNU/Hurd QEMU image, and GSoC students. Details.?
A month of the Hurd: some more bug squashing and Google Summer of Code 2010. Details.!
A month of the Hurd: DDE driver, X.org / libpciaccess, FOSDEM, and Google Summer of Code 2010. Details.
A bit late, but here it is finally: the MotH for February, 2010.
This month saw the first running and testable DDE driver by Zheng Da, with which he begins to reap the benefits of porting DDE to the Hurd -- essentially, allowing us to use current Linux device drivers.
Samuel Thibault pushed a libpciaccess x86 backend to X.Org:
This adds support on x86 for OSes that do not have a PCI interface, tinkering with I/O ports, and makes use of it on GNU/Hurd.
In the course of this, he also got commit access to X.org, so it should be easier now to get further Hurd-related patches applied.
As announced in our previous news blurb, at FOSDEM, Bas did his presentation of Iris, a new capability-based microkernel OS in the Embedded Developer Room, and Olaf illustrated Why is Anyone Still Working on the GNU Hurd?, and presented his work of Porting KGI graphics drivers from Linux to GNU Hurd, in the Alt-OS Developer Room.
In Mikel Olasagasti's words:
The room was full and people was "standing-up" for the talk. Some people even couldn't enter to the room (+20?).
Antrik [Olaf] made a good job. Was nice for the crowd to see Hurd running X, slow but working.
The regular IRC meeting schedule has been changed to Wednesdays, 11:00 UTC; see the IRC page for details.
Last, but not least, it is time again to think about the Google Summer of Code. In 2007, the GNU Hurd had one successful project, in 2008 five of them, 2009 saw another one, so we obviously plan to make it five projects again this year. We already have dozens of ideas online, and will add yet more -- also based on YOUR suggestions and wishes!
So, if you're a student, and interested in working on the GNU Hurd, please join in; browse through the GSoC pages, and don't be shy to contact us!
A month of the Hurd: Arch Hurd, FOSDEM preparations and a thesis on mobile Hurd objects. Details.).
Carl Fredrik Hammar finished and presented his thesis Generalizing mobility for the Hurd and passed with distinction. Congratulations! Its abstract reads:system call more extensible.
So, when are YOU going to do a thesis, or another project on a GNU/Hurd-related topic? Contact us if you are interested!
A month of the Hurd: official Xen domU support, DDE, porting, and FOSDEM 2010. Details.!
A month of the Hurd: initial work on network device drivers in user space, GRUB 2. Details..
A month of the Hurd: new installation CDs, further Git migration, porting. Details..
A month of the Hurd: Successful Google Summer of Code project: unionmount. Details.
This month saw the successful completion of the Google Summer of Code 2009, for which Sergiu Ivanov created a unionmount translator. His work allows you to simply union one directory or translator into another one, so you see the files of both of them side by side.
He was mentored by Olaf Buddenhagen and both are now working on polishing the code and extending the namespace based translator selection (nsmux) which allows you to read a node with a selected translator by simply appending
,,<translator>to its name.
That aside, we saw the usual steady rate of enhancement discussions, as well as bugs getting fixed: X server crashing, preventing that GCC versions after 4.2 optimize too much, etc.
A month of the Hurd: hurd Debian package, union mount translator, bug fixes, and a job opening. Details.
Samuel Thibault uploaded a new version of the hurd Debian package which improves system stability by fixing a long-standing bug in the exec server that had randomly made it hang, inhibiting the creation of new processes..
A month of the Hurd: Git migration, stand-alone libpthread and updated status. Details..
Sergiu Ivanov will be working on unionmount translators during the Google Summer of Code 2009.
The application phase for the Google Summer of Code 2009 has already started. Please see our page about the GSoC for details of how to apply for your favorite Hurd project.
Ne.
Samuel Thibault has implemented support for the PAE feature offered by modern x86 processors. This largely faciliates the deployment of GNU/Hurd systems running as a Xen domU on top of a standard Debian GNU/Linux Xen dom0, for example.
All five students who worked on the Hurd during the Google Summer of Code 2008 succeeded in their projects. For more information please see 2008 GSoC page. Congratulations to both students and mentors!
The.
A number of GNU Hurd developers will again (as already in the previous years) meet at the time of the FOSDEM 2008, which will take place from 2008-02-23 to 24 in Brussels, Belgium.
The page about FOSDEM 2008 has some details. Contact us if you are interested in meeting with us.
Stefan Siegl added support for IPv6 networking to the pfinet translator.
This.
The.
Ne.
A number of GNU Hurd developers will again (as already in the previous years) meet at the time of the FOSDEM 2007, which will take place from 2007-02-24 to 25 in Brussels, Belgium. This wiki page has some details. Contact us if you are interested in meeting with us..
Material from the Operating System topic during the Libre Software Meeting which took place this summer is available online. Included are slides and recordings of talks by Marcus Brinkmann and Neal Walfield about the Hurd/L4 port.
Marcus Brinkmann added a small web page describing the ongoing developments on the Hurd-to-L4 port.
Added a link to Patrick Strasser's the Hurd Source Code Cross Reference in all the "Source code" sections.
GNU/LinuxTag 2003 is now over and since there was a talk given about the Hurd, a demo GNU/Hurd machine running and the sale of Hurd t-shirts, Wolfgang Jährling decided to write a short summary of what happened there. Many thanks to Wolfgang Jährling, Volker Dormeyer and Michael Banck!
The.
The GNU/Hurd User's Guide is now accessible through the Documentation section of the Hurd web pages.
Gaël Le Mignot, president of HurdFr, presented the GNU Hurd on 22 November 2002 at EpX in Paris. English slides and French slides of the talk are also available.
For.
The Toronto Hurd Users Group meets again: The University of Waterloo Computer Science Club will be hosting talks on the GNU Hurd on October 26 by Marcus Brinkmann and Neal Walfield. There will also be a GnuPG keysigning before Marcus's talk. Please email Ryan Golbeck your GnuPG key so he can get everyone setup.
Marcus will talk about the Hurd interfaces. Neal will talk about about A GNU Approach to Virtual Memory Management in a Multiserver Operating System
Date: 26 Oct 2002
Time: 1330 (1:30pm EST) and 1500 (3:00pm EST)
Place: University of Waterloo, Math and Computers building, room MC 2066
More information can be found at UW CS Club website and at thug@gnu.org
A new article about the authentication server has been added to the web pages. It resembles the talk about the same topic which was given at the Libre Software Meeting, therefore the target audience is mostly programmers which want to learn about the details of authentication in the Hurd.
Marcus Brinkmann speaks about the GNU Hurd at "Reflections | Projections 2002", the National Student ACM Conference at the University of Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. The conference is held on October 18-20.
The.
We.
Finally,.
The .
We.
Added the Hurd Hacking Guide to the documentation section. Thanks to Wolfgang Jährling for providing this introduction into GNU/Hurd and Mach programming!
We
There.
Pro-Linux has published a GNU/Hurd status report (in German). They will infrequently publish updates in the future.
The
An interview with Marcus Brinkmann was published by Pro-Linux (the interview is in German). | https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/news.html | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | refinedweb | 4,004 | 70.84 |
Developing applications very frequently involves providing an interface to the user for interaction, input values, select options and view the output. This interface is mostly presented as a graphical User Interface (GUI). If you have been wondering that whether you can create such interfaces in your Python programs, then you are right in your thoughts. PySimpleGUI is the Python package to add the GUI touch in your apps where you need to get data from user to proceed with your application. In this PySimpleGUI tutorial we will learn about how to create impressive GUIs for a variety of applications.
Installing PySimpleGUI in Windows, Linux or Mac
The first step of course would be to install PySimpleGUI package in your system. You will install the package with pip or pip3 command depending upon your system.
pip install --upgrade PySimpleGUI
or
pip3 install --upgrade PySimpleGUI
Using PySimpleGUI in your Program
Just like your other Python programs, you need to import PySimpleGUI before using any of its capabilities. It is done by writing import statement at the beginning of the program.
import PySimpleGUI as psg
Creating First PySimpleGUI program
Use the following steps to create a PySimpleGUI program.
Now after these simple startup activities we have reached the stage to write our first PySimpleGUI program. “Hello World” is the traditional way to go. But we will do it a bit differently this time. Let’s ask the user name and say hello to the user.
In the PySimpleGUI program you need to define the layout of the window to display the interface elements like text, input boxes, buttons, checkboxes, dropdowns etc. The layout is defined as a Python list of the elements of the GUI interface.
lt=[ list of GUI elements]
Once you define the layout it is passed to the window object of the PySimpleGUI package.
win= psg.window(“Your Application”, lt)
You can change the title of the window. Now to capture the actions of the user and react to it you need to read the window. This is done by using the events (e) and values (v) pair as shown-
e,v=win.read()
you can use any names for the events and values pair (We have used e and v here. Same goes with window and layout)
Yes, you have guessed right e is an array that captures all the events and v is the array storing the values user has entered or chosen in the interface. So to display the greeting to the user the v[0] value is used and displayed on the command window as the output. You can use the popups you know so well, but it will be a bit later after making you acquainted with some interface elements by PySimpleGUI tutorial .
import PySimpleGUI as psg #add required elements in layout lt = [[psg.Text("Name")],[psg.Input()], [psg.Button("Message")] ] #define window with title and layout win = psg.Window('Greetings', lt) #present interface to user to get user input and events e, v = win.read() #diaplay output in command window of Python using print print('Hello', v[0], "! Welcome to CSVeda.com") #Cleanup window win.close()
Output
Read more about PySimpleGUI . Read about installing Python in Windows
PySimpleGUI Topics
- Themes, Text, Input, Multiline and Button
- Radio Button and Checkbox
- Combo and Listbox
- Menu, Button Menu and Option Menu
- Progress Bar, Spin and Slider
- Column and Frame
Be First to Comment | https://csveda.com/pysimplegui_tutorial/ | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | refinedweb | 566 | 62.58 |
High Availability¶
In this guide we’ll go over design and programming considerations related to high availability in Cinder.
The document aims to provide a single point of truth in all matters related to Cinder’s high availability.
Cinder developers must always have these aspects present during the design and programming of the Cinder core code, as well as the drivers’ code.
Most topics will focus on Active-Active deployments. Some topics covering node and process concurrency will also apply to Active-Passive deployments.
Overview¶
There are 4 services that must be considered when looking at a highly available Cinder deployment: API, Scheduler, Volume, Backup.
Each of these services has its own challenges and mechanisms to support concurrent and multi node code execution.
This document provides a general overview of Cinder aspects related to high availability, together with implementation details. Given the breadth and depth required to properly explain them all, it will fall short in some places. It will provide external references to expand on some of the topics hoping to help better understand them.
Some of the topics that will be covered are:
Job distribution.
Message queues.
Threading model.
Versioned Objects used for rolling upgrades.
Heartbeat system.
Mechanism used to clean up out of service cluster nodes.
Mutual exclusion mechanisms used in Cinder.
It’s good to keep in mind that Cinder threading model is based on eventlet’s green threads. Some Cinder and driver code may use native threads to prevent thread blocking, but that’s not the general rule.
Throughout the document we’ll be referring to clustered and non clustered Volume services. This distinction is not based on the number of services running, but on their configurations.
A non clustered Volume service is one that will be deployed as Active-Passive and has not been included in a Cinder cluster.
On the other hand, a clustered Volume service is one that can be deployed as Active-Active because it is part of a Cinder cluster. We consider a Volume service to be clustered even when there is only one node in the cluster.
Job distribution¶
Cinder uses RPC calls to pass jobs to Scheduler, Volume, and Backup services. A message broker is used for the transport layer on the RPC calls and parameters.
Job distribution is handled by the message broker using message queues. The different services, except the API, listen on specific message queues for RPC calls.
Based on the maximum number of nodes that will connect, we can differentiate two types of message queues: those with a single listener and those with multiple listeners.
We use single listener queues to send RPC calls to a specific service in a node. For example, when the API calls a non clustered Volume service to create a snapshot.
Message queues having multiple listeners are used in operations such as:
Creating any volume. Call made from the API to the Scheduler.
Creating a volume in a clustered Volume service. Call made from the Scheduler to the Volume service.
Attaching a volume in a clustered Volume service. Call made from the API to the Volume service.
Regardless of the number of listeners, all the above mentioned RPC calls are unicast calls. The caller will place the request in a queue in the message broker and a single node will retrieve it and execute the call.
There are other kinds of RPC calls, those where we broadcast a single RPC call to multiple nodes. The best example of this type of call is the Volume service capabilities report sent to all the Schedulers.
Message queues are fair queues and are used to distribute jobs in a round robin fashion. Single target RPC calls made to message queues with multiple listeners are distributed in round robin. So sending three request to a cluster of 3 Schedulers will send one request to each one.
Distribution is content and workload agnostic. A node could be receiving all the quick and easy jobs while another one gets all the heavy lifting and its ongoing workload keeps increasing.
Cinder’s job distribution mechanism allows fine grained control over who to send RPC calls. Even on clustered Volume services we can still access individual nodes within the cluster. So developers must pay attention to where they want to send RPC calls and ask themselves: Is the target a clustered service? Is the RPC call intended for any node running the service? Is it for a specific node? For all nodes?
The code in charge of deciding the target message queue, therefore the recipient, is in the rpcapi.py files. Each service has its own file with the RPC calls: volume/rpcapi.py, scheduler/rpcapi.py, and backup/rpcapi.py.
For RPC calls the different rcpapi.py files ultimately use the _get_cctxt method from the cinder.rpc.RPCAPI class.
For a detailed description on the issue, ramifications, and solutions, please refer to the Cinder Volume Job Distribution.
The RabbitMQ tutorials are a good way to understand message brokers general topics.
Heartbeats¶
Cinder services, with the exception of API services, have a periodic heartbeat to indicate they are up and running.
When services are having health issues, they may decide to stop reporting heartbeats, even if they are running. This happens during initialization if the driver cannot be setup correctly.
The database is used to report service heartbeats. Fields report_count and updated_at, in the services table, keep a heartbeat counter and the last time the counter was updated.
There will be multiple database entries for Cinder Volume services running multiple backends. One per backend.
Using a date-time to mark the moment of the last heartbeat makes the system time relevant for Cinder’s operation. A significant difference in system times on our nodes could cause issues in a Cinder deployment.
All services report and expect the updated_at field to be UTC.
To determine if a service is up, we check the time of the last heartbeat to confirm that it’s not older than service_down_time seconds. Default value for service_down_time configuration option is 60 seconds.
Cinder uses method is_up, from the Service and Cluster Versioned Object, to ensure consistency in the calculations across the whole code base.
Heartbeat frequency in Cinder services is determined by the report_interval configuration option. The default is 10 seconds, allowing network and database interruptions.
Cinder protects itself against some incorrect configurations. If report_interval is greater or equal than service_down_time, Cinder will log a warning and use a service down time of two and a half times the configured report_interval.
Note
It is of utter importance having the same service_down_time and report_interval configuration options in all your nodes.
In each service’s section we’ll expand this topic with specific information only relevant to that service.
Cleanup¶
Power outages, hardware failures, unintended reboots, and software errors. These are all events that could make a Cinder service unexpectedly halt its execution.
A running Cinder service is usually carrying out actions on resources. So when the service dies unexpectedly, it will abruptly stop those operations. Stopped operations in this way leaves resources in transitioning states. For example a volume could be left in a deleting or creating status. If left alone resources will remain in this state forever, as the service in charge of transitioning them to a rest status (available, error, deleted) is no longer running.
Existing reset-status operations allow operators to forcefully change the state of a resource. But these state resets are not recommended except in very specific cases and when we really know what we are doing.
Cleanup mechanisms are tasked with service’s recovery after an abrupt stop of the service. They are the recommended way to resolve stuck transitioning states caused by sudden service stop.
There are multiple cleanup mechanisms in Cinder, but in essence they all follow the same logic. Based on the resource type and its status the mechanism determines the best cleanup action that will transition the state to a rest state.
Some actions require a resource going through several services. In this case deciding the cleanup action may also require taking into account where the resource was being processed.
Cinder has two types of cleanup mechanisms:
On node startup: Happen on Scheduler, Volume, and Backup services.
Upon user request. User requested cleanups can only be triggered on Scheduler and Volume nodes.
When a node starts it will do a cleanup, but only for the resources that were left in a transitioning state when the service stopped. It will never touch resources from other services in the cluster.
Node startup cleanup is slightly different on services supporting user requested cleanups -Scheduler and Volume- than on Backup services. Backup cleanups will be covered in the service’s section.
For services supporting user requested cleanups we can differentiate the following tasks:
Tracking transitioning resources: Using workers table and Cleanable Versioned Objects methods.
Defining when a resource must be cleaned if service dies: Done in Cleanable Versioned Objects.
Defining how a resource must be cleaned: Done in the service manager.
Note
All Volume services can accept cleanup requests, doesn’t matter if they are clustered or not. This will provide a better alternative to the reset-state mechanism to handle resources stuck in a transitioning state.
Workers table¶
For Cinder Volume managed resources -Volumes and Snapshots- we used to establish a one-to-one relationship between a resource and the volume service managing it. A resource would belong to a node if the resource’s host field matched that of the running Cinder Volume service.
Snapshots must always be managed by the same service as the volume they originate from, so they don’t have a host field in the database. In this case the parent volume’s host is used to determine who owns the resource.
Cinder-Volume services can be clustered, so we no longer have a one-to-one owner relationship. On clustered services we use the cluster_name database field instead of the host to determine ownership. Now we have a one-to-many ownership relationship.
When a clustered service abruptly stops running, any of the nodes from the same cluster can cleanup the resources it was working on. There is no longer a need to restart the service to get the resources cleaned by the node startup cleanup process.
We keep track of the resources our Cinder services are working on in the workers table. Only resources that can be cleaned are tracked. This table stores the resource type and id, the status that should be cleared on service failure, the service that is working on it, etc. And we’ll be updating this table as the resources move from service to service.
Worker entries are not passed as RPC parameters, so we don’t need a Versioned Object class to represent them. We only have the Worker ORM class to represent database entries.
Following subsections will cover implementation details required to develop new cleanup resources and states. For a detailed description on the issue, ramifications, and overall solution, please refer to the Cleanup spec.
Tracking resources¶
Resources supporting cleanup using the workers table must inherit from the CinderCleanableObject Versioned Object class.
This class provides helper methods and the general interface used by Cinder for the cleanup mechanism. This interface is conceptually split in three tasks:
Manage workers table on the database.
Defining what states must be cleaned.
Defining how to clean resources.
Among methods provided by the CinderCleanableObject class the most important ones are:
is_cleanable: Checks if the resource, given its current status, is cleanable.
create_worker: Create a worker entry on the API service.
set_worker: Create or update worker entry.
unset_worker: Remove an entry from the database. This is a real delete, not a soft-delete.
set_workers: Function decorator to create or update worker entries.
Inheriting classes must define _is_cleanable method to define which resource states can be cleaned up.
Earlier we mentioned how cleanup depends on a resource’s current state. But it also depends under what version the services are running. With rolling updates we can have a service running under an earlier pinned version for compatibility purposes. A version X service could have a resource that it would consider cleanable, but it’s pinned to version X-1, where it was not considered cleanable. To avoid breaking things, the resource should be considered as non cleanable until the service version is unpinned.
Implementation of _is_cleanable method must take them both into account. The state, and the version.
Volume’s implementation is a good example, as workers table was not supported before version 1.6:
@staticmethod def _is_cleanable(status, obj_version): if obj_version and obj_version < 1.6: return False return status in ('creating', 'deleting', 'uploading', 'downloading')
Tracking states in the workers table starts by calling the create_worker method on the API node. This is best done on the different rpcapi.py files.
For example, a create volume operation will go from the API service to the Scheduler service, so we’ll add it in cinder/scheduler/rpcapi.py:
def create_volume(self, ctxt, volume, snapshot_id=None, image_id=None, request_spec=None, filter_properties=None, backup_id=None): volume.create_worker()
But if we are deleting a volume or creating a snapshot the API will call the Volume service directly, so changes should go in cinder/scheduler/rpcapi.py:
def delete_volume(self, ctxt, volume, unmanage_only=False, cascade=False): volume.create_worker()
Once we receive the call on the other side’s manager we have to call the set_worker method. To facilitate this task we have the set_workers decorator that will automatically call set_worker for any cleanable versioned object that is in a cleanable state.
For the create volume on the Scheduler service:
@objects.Volume.set_workers @append_operation_type() def create_volume(self, context, volume, snapshot_id=None, image_id=None, request_spec=None, filter_properties=None, backup_id=None):
And then again for the create volume on the Volume service:
@objects.Volume.set_workers def create_volume(self, context, volume, request_spec=None, filter_properties=None, allow_reschedule=True):
In these examples we are using the set_workers method from the Volume Versioned Object class. But we could be using it from any other class as it is a staticmethod that is not overwritten by any of the classes.
Using the set_workers decorator will cover most of our use cases, but sometimes we may have to call the set_worker method ourselves. That’s the case when transitioning from creating state to downloading. The worker database entry was created with the creating state and the working service was updated when the Volume service received the RPC call. But once we change the status to creating the worker and the resource status don’t match, so the cleanup mechanism will ignore the resource.
To solve this we add another worker update in the save method from the Volume Versioned Object class:
def save(self): ... if updates.get('status') == 'downloading': self.set_worker()
Actions on resource cleanup¶
We’ve seen how to track cleanable resources in the workers table. Now we’ll cover how to define the actions used to cleanup a resource.
Services using the workers table inherit from the CleanableManager class and must implement the _do_cleanup method.
This method receives a versioned object to clean and indicates whether we should keep the workers table entry. On asynchronous cleanup tasks method must return True and take care of removing the worker entry on completion.
Simplified version of the cleanup of the Volume service, illustrating synchronous and asynchronous cleanups and how we can do a synchronous cleanup and take care ourselves of the workers entry:
def _do_cleanup(self, ctxt, vo_resource): if isinstance(vo_resource, objects.Volume): if vo_resource.status == 'downloading': self.driver.clear_download(ctxt, vo_resource) elif vo_resource.status == 'deleting': if CONF.volume_service_inithost_offload: self._add_to_threadpool(self.delete_volume, ctxt, vo_resource, cascade=True) else: self.delete_volume(ctxt, vo_resource, cascade=True) return True if vo_resource.status in ('creating', 'downloading'): vo_resource.status = 'error' vo_resource.save()
When the volume is downloading we don’t return anything, so the caller receives None, which evaluates to not keep the row entry. When the status is deleting we call delete_volume synchronously or asynchronously. The delete_volume has the set_workers decorator, that calls unset_worker once the decorated method has successfully finished. So when calling delete_volume we must ask the caller of _do_cleanup to not try to remove the workers entry.
Cleaning resources¶
We may not have a Worker Versioned Object because we didn’t need it, but we have a CleanupRequest Versioned Object to specify resources for cleanup.
Resources will be cleaned when a node starts up and on user request. In both cases we’ll use the CleanupRequest that contains a filtering of what needs to be cleaned up.
The CleanupRequest can be considered as a filter on the workers table to determine what needs to be cleaned.
Managers for services using the workers table must support the startup cleanup mechanism. Support for this mechanism is provided via the init_host method in the CleanableManager class. So managers inheriting from CleanableManager must make sure they call this init_host method. This can be done using CleanableManager as the first inherited class and using super to call the parent’s init_host method, or by calling the class method directly: cleanableManager.init_host(self, …).
CleanableManager’s init_host method will create a CleanupRequest for the current service before calling its do_cleanup method with it before returning. Thus cleaning up all transitioning resources from the service.
For user requested cleanups, the API generates a CleanupRequest object using the request’s parameters and calls the scheduler’s work_cleanup RPC with it.
The Scheduler receives the work_cleanup RPC call and uses the CleanupRequest to filter services that match the request. With this list of services the Scheduler sends an individual cleanup request for each of the services. This way we can spread the cleanup work if we have multiple services to cleanup.
The Scheduler checks the service to clean to know where it must send the clean request. Scheduler service cleanup can be performed by any Scheduler, so we send it to the scheduler queue where all Schedulers are listening. In the worst case it will come back to us if there is no other Scheduler running at the time.
For the Volume service we’ll be sending it to the cluster message queue if it’s a clustered service, or to a single node if it’s non clustered. But unlike with the Scheduler, we can’t be sure that there is a service to do the cleanup, so we check if the service or cluster is up before sending the request.
After sending all the cleanup requests, the Scheduler will return a list of services that have received a cleanup request, and all the services that didn’t because they were down.
Mutual exclusion¶
In Cinder, as many other concurrent and parallel systems, there are “critical sections”. Code sections that share a common resource that can only be accessed by one of them at a time.
Resources can be anything, not only Cinder resources such as Volumes and Snapshots, and they can be local or remote. Examples of resources are libraries, command line tools, storage target groups, etc.
Exclusion scopes can be per process, per node, or global.
We have four mutual exclusion mechanisms available during Cinder development:
Database locking using resource states.
Process locks.
Node locks.
Global locks.
For performance reasons we must always try to avoid using any mutual exclusion mechanism. If avoiding them is not possible, we should try to use the narrowest scope possible and reduce the critical section as much as possible. Locks by decreasing order of preference are: process locks, node locks, global locks, database locks.
Status based locking¶
Many Cinder operations are inherently exclusive and the Cinder core code ensures that drivers will not receive contradictory or incompatible calls. For example, you cannot clone a volume if it’s being created. And you shouldn’t delete the source volume of an ongoing snapshot.
To prevent these from happening Cinder API services use resource status fields to check for incompatibilities preventing operations from getting through.
There are exceptions to this rule, for example the force delete operation that ignores the status of a resource.
We should also be aware that administrators can forcefully change the status of a resource and then call the API, bypassing the check that prevents multiple operations from being requested to the drivers.
Resource locking using states is expanded upon in the Race prevention subsection in the Cinder-API section.
Process locks¶
Cinder services are multi-threaded -not really since we use greenthreads-, so the narrowest possible scope of locking is among the threads of a single process.
Some cases where we may want to use this type of locking are when we share arrays or dictionaries between the different threads within the process, and when we use a Python or C library that doesn’t properly handle concurrency and we have to be careful with how we call its methods.
To use this locking in Cinder we must use the synchronized method in cinder.utils. This method in turn uses the synchronized method from oslo_concurrency.lockutils with the cinder- prefix for all the locks to avoid conflict with other OpenStack services.
The only required parameter for this usage is the name of the lock. The name parameter provided for these locks must be a literal string value. There is no kind of templating support.
Example from cinder/volume/throttling.py:
@utils.synchronized('BlkioCgroup') def _inc_device(self, srcdev, dstdev):
Note
When developing a driver, and considering which type of lock to use, we must remember that Cinder is a multi backend service. So the same driver can be running multiple times on different processes in the same node.
Node locks¶
Sometimes we want to define the whole node as the scope of the lock. Our critical section requires that only one thread in the whole node is using the resource. This inter process lock ensures that no matter how many processes and backends want to access the same resource, only one will access it at a time. All others will have to wait.
These locks are useful when:
We want to ensure there’s only one ongoing call to a command line program. That’s the case of the cinder-rtstool command in cinder/volume/targets/lio.py, and the nvmetcli command in cinder/volume/targets/nvmet.py.
Common initialization in all processes in the node. This is the case of the backup service cleanup code. The backup service can run multiple processes simultaneously for the same backend, but only one of them can run the cleanup code on start.
Drivers not supporting Active-Active configurations. Any operation that should only be performed by one driver at a time. For example creating target groups for a node.
This type of lock use the same method as the Process locks, synchronized method from cinder.utils. Here we need to pass two parameters, the name of the lock, and external=True to make sure that file locks are being used.
The name parameter provided for these locks must be a literal string value. There is no kind of templating support.
Example from cinder/volume/targest/lio.py:
@staticmethod @utils.synchronized('lioadm', external=True) def _execute(*args, **kwargs):
Example from cinder/backup/manager.py:
@utils.synchronized('backup-pgid-%s' % os.getpgrp(), external=True, delay=0.1) def _cleanup_incomplete_backup_operations(self, ctxt):
Warning
These are not fair locks. Order in which the lock is acquired by callers may differ from request order. Starvation is possible, so don’t choose a generic lock name for all your locks and try to create a unique name for each locking domain.
Global locks¶
Global locks, also known as distributed locks in Cinder, provide mutual exclusion in the global scope of the Cinder services.
They allow you to have a lock regardless of the backend, for example to prevent deleting a volume that is being cloned, or making sure that your driver is only creating a Target group at a time, in the whole Cinder deployment, to avoid race conditions.
Global locking functionality is provided by the synchronized decorator from cinder.coordination.
This method is more advanced than the one used for the Process locks and the Node locks, as the name supports templates. For the template we have all the method parameters as well as f_name that represents that name of the method being decorated. Templates must use Python’s Format Specification Mini-Language.
Using brackets we can access the function name ‘{f_name}’, an attribute of a parameter ‘{volume.id}’, a key in a dictonary {snapshot[‘name’]}, etc.
Up to date information on the method can be found in the synchronized method’s documentation.
Example from the delete volume operation in cinder/volume/manager.py. We use the id attribute of the volume parameter, and the function name to form the lock name:
@coordination.synchronized('{volume.id}-{f_name}') @objects.Volume.set_workers def delete_volume(self, context, volume, unmanage_only=False, cascade=False):
Example from create snapshot in cinder/volume/drivers/nfs.py, where we use an attribute from self, and a recursive reference in the snapshot parameter.
@coordination.synchronized('{self.driver_prefix}-{snapshot.volume.id}') def create_snapshot(self, snapshot):
Internally Cinder uses the Tooz library to provide the distributed locking. By default, this library is configured for Active-Passive deployments, where it uses file locks equivalent to those used for Node locks.
To support Active-Active deployments a specific driver will need to be configured using the backend_url configuration option in the coordination section.
For a detailed description of the requirement for global locks in cinder please refer to the replacing local locks with Tooz and manager local locks specs.
Cinder locking¶
Cinder uses the different locking mechanisms covered in this section to assure mutual exclusion on some actions. Here’s an incomplete list:
- Barbican keys
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Migrate Barbican encryption keys.
Lock name: {id}-_migrate_encryption_key.
Where: _migrate_encryption_key method.
File: cinder/keymgr/migration.py.
- Backup service
Lock scope: Node.
Critical section: Cleaning up resources at startup.
Lock name: backup-pgid-{process-group-id}.
Where: _cleanup_incomplete_backup_operations method.
File: cinder/backup/manager.py.
- Image cache
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Create a new image cache entry.
Lock name: {image_id}.
Where: _prepare_image_cache_entry method.
File: cinder/volume/flows/manager/create_volume.py.
- Throttling:
Lock scope: Process.
Critical section: Set parameters of a cgroup using cgset CLI.
Lock name: ‘’BlkioCgroup’.
Where: _inc_device and _dec_device methods.
File: cinder/volume/throttling.py.
- Volume deletion:
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Volume deletion operation.
Lock name: {volume.id}-delete_volume.
Where: delete_volume method.
File: cinder/volume/manager.py.
- Volume deletion request:
Lock scope: Status based.
Critical section: Volume delete RPC call.
Status requirements: attach_status != ‘attached’ && not migrating
Where: delete method.
File: cinder/volume/api.py.
- Snapshot deletion:
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Snapshot deletion operation.
Lock name: {snapshot.id}-delete_snapshot.
Where: delete_snapshot method.
File: cinder/volume/manager.py.
- Volume creation:
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Protect source of volume creation from deletion. Volume or Snapshot.
Lock name: {snapshot-id}-delete_snapshot or {volume-id}-delete_volume}.
Where: Inside create_volume method as context manager for calling _fun_flow.
File: cinder/volume/manager.py.
- Attach volume:
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Updating DB to show volume is attached.
Lock name: {volume_id}.
Where: attach_volume method.
File: cinder/volume/manager.py.
- Detach volume:
Lock scope: Global.
Critical section: Updating DB to show volume is detached.
Lock name: {volume_id}-detach_volume.
Where: detach_volume method.
File: cinder/volume/manager.py.
- Volume upload image:
Lock scope: Status based.
Critical section: copy_volume_to_image RPC call.
Status requirements: status = ‘available’ or (force && status = ‘in-use’)
Where: copy_volume_to_image method.
File: cinder/volume/api.py.
- Volume extend:
Lock scope: Status based.
Critical section: extend_volume RPC call.
Status requirements: status in (‘in-use’, ‘available’)
Where: _extend method.
File: cinder/volume/api.py.
- Volume migration:
Lock scope: Status based.
Critical section: migrate_volume RPC call.
Status requirements: status in (‘in-use’, ‘available’) && not migrating
Where: migrate_volume method.
File: cinder/volume/api.py.
- Volume retype:
Lock scope: Status based.
Critical section: retype RPC call.
Status requirements: status in (‘in-use’, ‘available’) && not migrating
Where: retype method.
File: cinder/volume/api.py.
Driver locking¶
There is no general rule on where drivers should use locks. Each driver has its own requirements and limitations determined by the storage backend and the tools and mechanisms used to manage it.
Even if they are all different, commonalities may exist between drivers. Providing a list of where some drivers are using locks, even if the list is incomplete, may prove useful to other developers.
To contain the length of this document and keep it readable, the list with the Drivers Locking Examples has its own document.
Cinder-API¶
The API service is the public face of Cinder. Its REST API makes it possible for anyone to manage and consume block storage resources. So requests from clients can, and usually do, come from multiple sources.
Each Cinder API service by default will run multiple workers. Each worker is run in a separate subprocess and will run a predefined maximum number of green threads.
The number of API workers is defined by the osapi_volume_workers configuration option. Defaults to the number of CPUs available.
Number of green threads per worker is defined by the wsgi_default_pool_size configuration option. Defaults to 100 green threads.
The service takes care of validating request parameters. Any detected error is reported immediately to the user.
Once the request has been validated, the database is changed to reflect the request. This can result in adding a new entry to the database and/or modifying an existing entry.
For create volume and create snapshot operations the API service will create a new database entry for the new resource. And the new information for the resource will be returned to the caller right after the service passes the request to the next Cinder service via RPC.
Operations like retype and delete will change the database entry referenced by the request, before making the RPC call to the next Cinder service.
Create backup and restore backup are two of the operations that will create a new entry in the database, and modify an existing one.
These database changes are very relevant to the high availability operation. Cinder core code uses resource states extensively to control exclusive access to resources.
Race prevention¶
The API service checks that resources referenced in requests are in a valid state. Unlike allowed resource states, valid states are those that allow an operation to proceed.
Validation usually requires checking multiple conditions. Careless coding leaves Cinder open to race conditions. Patterns in the form of DB data read, data check, and database entry modification, must be avoided in the Cinder API service.
Cinder has implemented a custom mechanism, called conditional updates, to
prevent race conditions. Leverages the SQLAlchemy ORM library to abstract the
equivalent
UPDATE ... FROM ... WHERE; SQL query.
Complete reference information on the conditional updates mechanism is available on the API Races - Conditional Updates development document.
For a detailed description on the issue, ramifications, and solution, please refer to the API Race removal spec.
Cinder-Volume¶
The most common deployment option for Cinder-Volume is as Active-Passive. This requires a common storage backend, the same Cinder backend configuration in all nodes, having the backend_host set on the backend sections, and using a high-availability cluster resource manager like Pacemaker.
Attention
Having the same host value configured on more than one Cinder node is highly discouraged. Using backend_host in the backend section is the recommended way to set Active-Passive configurations. Setting the same host field will make Scheduler and Backup services report using the same database entry in the services table. This may create a good number of issues: We cannot tell when the service in a node is down, backups services will break other running services operation on start, etc.
For Active-Active configurations we need to include the Volume services that will be managing the same backends on the cluster. To include a node in a cluster, we need to define its name in the [DEFAULT] section using the cluster configuration option, and start or restart the service.
Note
We can create a cluster with a single volume node. Having a single node cluster allows us to later on add new nodes to the cluster without restarting the existing node.
Warning
The name of the cluster must be unique and cannot match any of the host or backend_host values. Non unique values will generate duplicated names for message queues.
When a Volume service is configured to be part of a cluster, and the service is restarted, the manager detects the change in configuration and moves existing resources to the cluster.
Resources are added to the cluster in the _include_resources_in_cluster method setting the cluster_name field in the database. Volumes, groups, consistency groups, and image cache elements are added to the cluster.
Clustered Volume services are different than normal services. To determine if a backend is up, it is no longer enough checking service.is_up, as that will only give us the status of a specific service. In a clustered deployment there could be other services that are able to service the same backend. That’s why we’ll have to check if a service is clustered using cinder.is_clustered and if it is, check the cluster’s is_up property instead: service.cluster.is_up.
In the code, to detect if a cluster is up, the is_up property from the Cluster Versioned Object uses the last_heartbeat field from the same object. The last_heartbeat is a column property from the SQLAlchemy ORM model resulting from getting the latest updated_at field from all the services in the same cluster.
RPC calls¶
When we discussed the Job distribution we mentioned message queues having multiple listeners and how they were used to distribute jobs in a round robin fashion to multiple nodes.
For clustered Volume services we have the same queues used for broadcasting and to address a specific node, but we also have queues to broadcast to the cluster and to send jobs to the cluster.
Volume services will be listening in all these queues and they can receive request from any of them. Which they’ll have to do to process RPC calls addressed to the cluster or to themselves.
Deciding the target message queue for request to the Volume service is done in the volume/rpcapi.py file.
We use method _get_cctxt, from the VolumeAPI class, to prepare the client context to make RPC calls. This method accepts a host parameter to indicate where we want to make the RPC. This host parameter refers to both hosts and clusters, and is used to determine the server and the topic.
When calling the _get_cctx method, we would need to pass the resource’s host field if it’s not clustered, and cluster_name if it is. To facilitate this, clustered resources implement the service_topic_queue property that automatically gives you the right value to pass to _get_cctx.
An example for the create volume:
def create_volume(self, ctxt, volume, request_spec, filter_properties, allow_reschedule=True): cctxt = self._get_cctxt(volume.service_topic_queue) cctxt.cast(ctxt, 'create_volume', request_spec=request_spec, filter_properties=filter_properties, allow_reschedule=allow_reschedule, volume=volume)
As we know, snapshots don’t have a host or cluseter_name fields, but we can still use the service_topic_queue property from the Snapshot Versioned Object to get the right value. The Snapshot internally checks these values from the Volume Versioned Object linked to that Snapshot to determine the right value. Here’s an example for deleting a snapshot:
def delete_snapshot(self, ctxt, snapshot, unmanage_only=False): cctxt = self._get_cctxt(snapshot.service_topic_queue) cctxt.cast(ctxt, 'delete_snapshot', snapshot=snapshot, unmanage_only=unmanage_only)
Replication¶
Replication v2.1 failover is requested on a per node basis, so when a failover request is received by the API it is then redirected to a specific Volume service. Only one of the services that form the cluster for the storage backend will receive the request, and the others will be oblivious to this change and will continue using the same replication site they had been using before.
To support the replication feature on clustered Volume services, drivers need to implement the Active-Active replication spec. In this spec the failover_host method is split in two, failover and failover_completed.
On a backend supporting replication on Active-Active deployments, failover_host would end up being a call to failover followed by a call to failover_completed.
Code extract from the RBD driver:
def failover_host(self, context, volumes, secondary_id=None, groups=None): active_backend_id, volume_update_list, group_update_list = ( self.failover(context, volumes, secondary_id, groups)) self.failover_completed(context, secondary_id) return active_backend_id, volume_update_list, group_update_list
Enabling Active-Active on Drivers¶
Supporting Active-Active configurations is driver dependent, so they have to opt in. By default drivers are not expected to support Active-Active configurations and will fail on startup if we try to deploy them as such.
Drivers can indicate they support Active-Active setting the class attribute SUPPORTS_ACTIVE_ACTIVE to True. If a single driver supports multiple storage solutions, it can leave the class attribute as it is, and set it as an overriding instance attribute on __init__.
There is no well defined procedure required to allow driver maintainers to set SUPPORTS_ACTIVE_ACTIVE to True. Though there is an ongoing effort to write a spec on testing Active-Active.
So for now, we could say that it’s “self-certification”. Vendors must do their own testing until they are satisfied with their testing.
Real testing of Active-Active deployments requires multiple Cinder Volume nodes on different hosts, as well as a properly configured Tooz DLM.
Driver maintainers can use Devstack to catch the rough edges on their initial testing. Running 2 Cinder Volume services on an All-In-One DevStack installation makes it easy to deploy and debug.
Running 2 Cinder Volume services on the same node simulating different nodes can be easily done:
Creating a new directory for local locks: Since we are running both services on the same node, a file lock could make us believe that the code would work on different nodes. Having a different lock directory, default is /opt/stack/data/cinder, will prevent this.
Creating a layover cinder configuration file: Cinder supports having different configurations files where each new files overrides the common parts of the old ones. We can use the same base cinder configuration provided by DevStack and write a different file with a [DEFAULT] section that configures host (to anything different than the one used in the first service), and lock_path (to the new directory we created). For example we could create /etc/cinder/cinder2.conf.
Create a new service unit: This service unit should be identical to the existing devstack@c-vol except replace the ExecStart that should have the postfix –config-file /etc/cinder/cinder2.conf.
Once we have tested it in DevStack way we should deploy Cinder in a new Node, and continue with the testings.
It is not necessary to do the DevStack step first, we can jump to having Cinder in multiple nodes right from the start.
Whatever way we decide to test this, we’ll have to change cinder.conf and add the cluster configuration option and restart the Cinder service. We also need to modify the driver under test to include the SUPPORTS_ACTIVE_ACTIVE = True class attribute.
Cinder-Scheduler¶
Unlike the Volume service, the Cinder Scheduler has supported Active-Active deployments for a long time.
Unfortunately, current support is not perfect, scheduling on Active-Active deployments has some issues.
The root cause of these issues is that the scheduler services don’t have a reliable single source of truth for the information they rely on to make the scheduling.
Volume nodes periodically send a broadcast with the backend stats to all the schedulers. The stats include total storage space, free space, configured maximum over provisioning, etc. All the backends’ information is stored in memory at the Schedulers, and used to decide where to create new volumes, migrate them on a retype, and so on.
For additional information on the stats, please refer to the volume stats section of the Contributor/Developer docs.
Trying to keep updated stats, schedulers reduce available free space on backends in their internal dictionary. These updates are not shared between schedulers, so there is not a single source of truth, and other schedulers don’t operate with the same information.
Until the next stat reports is sent, schedulers will not get in sync. This may create unexpected behavior on scheduling.
There are ongoing efforts to fix this problem. Multiple solutions are being discussed: using the database as a single source of truth, or using an external placement service.
When we added Active-Active support to the Cinder Volume service we had to update the scheduler to understand it. This mostly entailed 3 things:
Setting the cluster_name field on Versioned Objects once a backend has been chosen.
Grouping stats for all clustered hosts. We don’t want to have individual entries for the stats of each host that manages a cluster, as there should be only one up to date value. We stopped using the host field as the id for each host, and created a new property called backend_id that takes into account if the service is clustered and returns the host or the cluster as the identifier.
Prevent race conditions on stats reports. Due to the concurrency on the multiple Volume services in a cluster, and the threading in the Schedulers, we could receive stat reports out of order (more up to date stats last). To prevent this we started time stamping the stats on the Volume services. Using the timestamps schedulers can discard older stats.
Heartbeats¶
Like any other non API service, schedulers also send heartbeats using the database.
The difference is that, unlike other services, the purpose of these heartbeats is merely informative. Admins can easily know whether schedulers are running or not with a Cinder command.
Using the same host configuration in all nodes defeats the whole purpose of reporting heartbeats in the schedulers, as they will all report on the same database entry.
Cinder-Backups¶
Originally, the Backup service was not only limited to Active-Passive deployments, but it was also tightly coupled to the Volume service. This coupling meant that the Backup service could only backup volumes created by the Volume service running on the same node.
In the Mitaka cycle, the Scalable Backup Service spec was implemented. This added support for Active-Active deployments to the backup service.
The Active-Active implementation for the backup service is different than the one we explained for the Volume Service. The reason lays not only on the fact that the Backup service supported it first, but also on it not supporting multiple backends, and not using the Scheduler for any operations.
Scheduling¶
For backups, it’s the API the one selecting the host that will do the backup, using methods _get_available_backup_service_host, _is_backup_service_enabled, and _get_any_available_backup_service.
These methods use the Backup services’ heartbeats to determine which hosts are up to handle requests.
Cleaning¶
Cleanup on Backup services is only performed on start up.
To know what resources each node is working on, they set the host field in the backup Versioned Object when they receive the RPC call. That way they can select them for cleanup on start.
The method in charge of doing the cleanup for the backups is called _cleanup_incomplete_backup_operations.
Unlike with the Volume service we cannot have a backup node clean up after another node’s. | https://docs.openstack.org/cinder/latest/contributor/high_availability.html | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | refinedweb | 7,217 | 56.25 |
can someone give me an example of how to use classes? i read the tuorial and still dont get it, just a simple example of how to use functions in a class. this is what i got so far but im getting 3 errors on this.
Code:#include <iostream> using namespace std; class Average { public: float findaverage(); private: int score; float sum; int NumScores; }; float Average::findaverage() { float findaverage(int score, int NumScores); cout <<"enter a score" << endl; while ( score != 0 ) { sum += score; NumScores++; cout << "Enter a test score ( 0 to quit ): "; cin >> score; } return sum/NumScores; } int main() { Average Numbers; Average.findaverage(); cout <<"The average is" << Average <<endl; return 0; } | http://cboard.cprogramming.com/cplusplus-programming/61728-help-classes.html | CC-MAIN-2015-11 | refinedweb | 111 | 61.97 |
Datagrid smooth scrolling.. Don't want default row jump behaviour..flex4 Apr 28, 2011 11:33 PM
Hi All,
I am displaying large amount of data and each row contains itemrenderer Text. and this Text control displays large amount of data with in that... Whats the problem here is When we scroll vertically it goes jump into another row with showing total data.. I think this is a default property of datagrid. I just want avoid that and I need smooth scrolling of rows.. Can any one have any ideas about this.. any help can appriciable..
Thanks
Ram
1. Re: Datagrid smooth scrolling.. Don't want default row jump behaviour..Flex harUI
Apr 28, 2011 11:42 PM (in response to flex4)
Spark DataGrid has smooth scrolling. There is an example on my blog of
adding smooth scrolling to a List that should work for MX DataGrid as well.
-
Alex Harui
Flex SDK Team
Adobe System, Inc.
2. Re: Datagrid smooth scrolling.. Don't want default row jump behaviour..flex4 Apr 28, 2011 11:49 PM (in response to Flex harUI)
H Alex.
Thank you very much for your help .. Can you tell me when did you post that sample exactly.. It is very helpfull to me..
Thanks
Ram
3. Re: Datagrid smooth scrolling.. Don't want default row jump behaviour..Flex harUI
Apr 29, 2011 7:43 AM (in response to flex4)
If you go to my blog and search for "smooth scrolling" you should find it.
4. Re: Datagrid smooth scrolling.. Don't want default row jump behaviour..flex4 May 3, 2011 2:50 AM (in response to Flex harUI)
Hi Alex,
That was great job. You have implemented smooth scrolling for List.. Based upon that I have implemented the same in datagrid also..But I am facing couple of issues...
1. I have Item renderer Text.. With in that text I am displaying almost 90 records and it has a huge height. Accordingly the row height must change .. But what happend in my case is the data is overlapped on the second row.. the row height changes to certain height. after that it is not expanding.. records are displaying and overlapped on the second row and if it still lengthy it displayed on the third row also... so How can I solve this issue.. The row height must vary with the itemrenderer..
2. Second one is If I scroll vertically it is scrolling smoothly fine. But If I release the mouse the scroller going to Row end position or row starting position..
I just want to fix the scroller position where user releases the Mouse from the vertical scrollbar...
Can you please help me on this .. It is urgent ..... I am posting my Datagrid code here...
package view.components.grid
{
import flash.display.DisplayObject;
import flash.events.Event;
import mx.controls.Alert;
import mx.controls.DataGrid;
import mx.events.ScrollEvent;
import mx.events.ScrollEventDetail;
public class CustomGrid extends DataGrid
{
private var fudge:Number;
public function CustomGrid()
{
super();
offscreenExtraRowsOrColumns = 2;
}
override protected function configureScrollBars():void
{
super.configureScrollBars();
if (verticalScrollBar)
verticalScrollBar.lineScrollSize = .125; // should be inverse power of 2
}
override public function get verticalScrollPosition():Number
{
//Alert.show("You are in vertical scroll Position handler");
if(!isNaN(fudge))
{
var vsp:Number = super.verticalScrollPosition + fudge;
fudge = NaN;
return vsp;
}
return Math.floor(super.verticalScrollPosition);
}
override protected function scrollHandler(event:Event):void
{
// going backward is trickier. When you cross from, for instance 2.1 to 1.9, you need to convince
// the superclass that it is going from 2 to 1 so the delta is -1 and not -.2.
// we do this by adding a fudge factor to the first return from verticalScrollPosition
// which is used by the superclass logic.
var last:Number = super.verticalScrollPosition;
var vsp:Number = verticalScrollBar.scrollPosition;
if (vsp < last)
{
if (last != Math.floor(last) || vsp != Math.floor(vsp))
{
if (Math.floor(vsp) < Math.floor(last))
{
fudge = Math.floor(last) - Math.floor(verticalScrollBar.scrollPosition);
trace(last.toFixed(2), vsp.toFixed(2), fudge);
}
}
}
super.scrollHandler(event);
var pos:Number = super.verticalScrollPosition;
// if we get a THUMB_TRACK, then we need to calculate the position
// because it gets rounded to an int by the ScrollThumb code, and
// we want fractional values.
if (event is ScrollEvent)
{
var se:ScrollEvent = ScrollEvent(event);
if (se.detail == ScrollEventDetail.THUMB_TRACK)
{
if (verticalScrollBar.numChildren == 4)
{
var downArrow:DisplayObject = verticalScrollBar.getChildAt(3);
var thumb:DisplayObject = verticalScrollBar.getChildAt(2);
pos = (thumb.y - downArrow.height) / (downArrow.y - thumb.height - downArrow.height) * maxVerticalScrollPosition;
// round to nearest lineScrollSize;
pos /= verticalScrollBar.lineScrollSize;
pos = Math.round(pos);
pos *= verticalScrollBar.lineScrollSize;
//trace("faked", pos);
}
}
}
var fraction:Number = pos - verticalScrollPosition;
fraction *= rowHeight;
//trace("was", listContent.y.toFixed(2));
listContent.move(listContent.x, viewMetrics.top + listContent.topOffset - fraction);
//trace("now", listContent.y.toFixed(2), fraction.toFixed(2), listItems[0][0].data.lastName);
}
}
} | https://forums.adobe.com/thread/844887 | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | refinedweb | 794 | 62.95 |
The handling of MouseWheelEvents
Hi Alex,
For a long time I was wondering why MouseWheelEvents are handled differently than other MouseEvents by AbstractLayerUI. Eventually I found the answer in the API doc for MouseWheelEvent. There it is explained that MouseWheelEvents are delivered differently than other MouseEvents.
Therefore you implemented processMouseWheelEvent that investigates if the direct parent is a JViewPort and, if so, the event is delegated.
There is a problem with this implementation. When a JXLayer is not directly a child of a JViewPort, but a subcomponent of some other complex component hierarchy that in turn is the view of the JViewPort, the delegation does not work anymore.
So I did some further investigation and found that delegation of MouseWheelEvents might be implemented differently. I copied the sources of JXLayer and AbstractLayerUI into my own environment and made the following changes:
In JXLayer I added the following method:
<br /> @Override<br /> protected void processMouseWheelEvent(MouseWheelEvent e) {<br /> super.processMouseWheelEvent(e);<br /> Object source = e.getSource();<br /> if (source instanceof Component) {<br /> Component parent = ((Component) source).getParent();<br /> if (parent != null) {<br /> Point point = SwingUtilities.convertPoint(this, e.getPoint(),<br /> parent);<br /> MouseWheelEvent newEvent = new MouseWheelEvent(parent, //<br /> e.getID(), //<br /> e.getWhen(), //<br /> e.getModifiers(), //<br /> point.x, //<br /> point.y, //<br /> e.getClickCount(), //<br /> e.isPopupTrigger(), //<br /> e.getScrollType(), //<br /> e.getScrollAmount(), //<br /> e.getWheelRotation() //<br /> );<br /> parent.dispatchEvent(newEvent);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br />
then, in AbstractLayerUI I removed the implementation of processMouseMoveEvent. So now it is an empty implementation like processMouseEvent.
I created a test as follows:
<br /> package test;</p> <p>import java.awt.FlowLayout;<br /> import java.awt.GridLayout;</p> <p>import javax.swing.JComponent;<br /> import javax.swing.JFrame;<br /> import javax.swing.JLabel;<br /> import javax.swing.JPanel;<br /> import javax.swing.JScrollPane;<br /> import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;</p> <p>import org.jdesktop.jxlayer.JXLayer;<br /> import org.jdesktop.jxlayer.plaf.AbstractLayerUI;</p> <p>public class TestMouseWheelListener {</p> <p> public static void main(String[] args) {<br /> SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {</p> <p> @Override<br /> public void run() {<br /> new TestMouseWheelListener().test();<br /> }<br /> });<br /> }</p> <p> public void createFrame(int wrapCount) {<br /> JFrame frame = new JFrame("Wrap count " + wrapCount);<br /> frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);<br /> frame.setSize(200, 400);<br /> frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);<br /> JPanel testPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));<br /> for (int index = 0; index < 10; index++) {<br /> testPanel.add(new JLabel(<br /> "Some test data in a label with considerable length"));<br /> }<br /> JXLayer layer = new JXLayer(testPanel,<br /> new AbstractLayerUI());<br /> JComponent view = layer;<br /> for (int index = 0; index < wrapCount; index++) {<br /> JPanel panel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING));<br /> panel.add(view);<br /> view = panel;<br /> }<br /> frame.add(new JScrollPane(view));<br /> frame.setVisible(true);<br /> }</p> <p> public void test() {<br /> for (int wrapCount = 0; wrapCount < 4; wrapCount++) {<br /> createFrame(wrapCount);<br /> }<br /> }</p> <p>}</p> <p>
When you run this test with your version, you may notice that on the frames with a wrap count > 0 scrolling works only on the blank part on the lower part of the frame. Scrolling on the text does not work. On the frame with wrap count 0 scrolling works because the JXLayer is the direct child of JViewPort.
When you run the test with my proposed changes applied, you may notice that scrolling on every part of all frames works correctly..
Well, I learned a lot by looking into your code. Many thanks.
Piet
Hi Alex,
>
>.
>
Please forget this remark. I later dicovered that [b]JXLayer exactly mimics the behavior of JScrollPane when the view does not implement Scrollable[/b].
Below, to prove that you are right and I was wrong, a small test:
Thanks
Piet
[code]
package test;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.Scrollable;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import org.jdesktop.jxlayer.JXLayer;
import org.jdesktop.jxlayer.plaf.AbstractLayerUI;
public class TestScrollable {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
new TestScrollable().test();
}
});
}
public void createFrame(boolean wrapInJXLayer) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setSize(200, 400);
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
JComponent scrollTarget = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
for (int index = 0; index < 10; index++) {
scrollTarget.add(new JLabel(
"Some test data in a label with considerable length"));
}
if (wrapInJXLayer) {
scrollTarget = new JXLayer
new AbstractLayerUI
}
frame.add(new JScrollPane(scrollTarget));
frame.setTitle("Scrollable " + (scrollTarget instanceof Scrollable));
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public void test() {
createFrame(false);
createFrame(true);
}
}
[/code]
Hello Piet
So, does everything work as expected,
or there are still problems with MouseWheelEvents?
Thanks
alexp
Hi Alex,
No, there is still a problem with the handling of MouseWheelEvents. Imagine the following:
A JXlayer is made a sub component of a complex hierarchy. Then, not the JXLayer, but the complex hierarchy is set as the view of a JScrollPane.
Now, MouseWheelEvents are only propagated to the JScrollPane as they originate from an area outside the JXLayer. When trying to scroll when the mouse is over the JXLayer, nothing happens.
That is what the original post is all about. At the end I just made a stupid remark that I wanted to withdraw.
PS. I am not an expert on event redispatching, but the suggested solution seems to work. The complications with, for example, a LocableUI are not very clear to me. In my opinion, a user must be able to freely scroll a locked JXLayer in a JScrollPane (be the JXLayer itself or its parent set as the view of the JScrollPane). But I am in the blind about the technical details.
Thanks
Piet
Hello Piet
I've got your point, the problem is fixed
The solution is the same, I only started to use SwingUtilities.getAncestorOfClass
to find the JScrollPane on top of the JXLayer, it works for the case which you described
(I do my best to avoid using dispatchEvent() method)
Thanks
alexp
OK Alex,
Remains one thing that worries me: what if the intended recipient of the MouseWheelEvent is not a JScrollPane, but, for instance, a JSlider.
I remembered that I once wrote an application that uses a JSlider, that is fed by MouseWheelEvents. I dug up this old application and indeed: I created a MouseAdapter with the following method:
[code]
@Override
public void mouseWheelMoved(MouseWheelEvent e) {
slider.setValue(slider.getValue() + e.getWheelRotation());
}
[/code]
This MouseAdapter was added to the content pane as follows;
[code]
frame.getContentPane().addMouseWheelListener(mouseAdapter);
[/code]
Just to see what was going to happen, I wrapped the component structure in a JXLayer as follows:
[code]
mainPanel.add(imageComponent, BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainPanel.add(controlComponent, BorderLayout.LINE_START);
mainPanel.add(slider, BorderLayout.LINE_END);
mainPanel.add(message, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
frame.setJMenuBar(menubar);
frame.getContentPane().add(
new JXLayer
new AbstractLayerUI
[/code]
Everything still works fine, [b]except for the slider that does not react to MouyseWheelEvents anymore[/b].
I tested this of course with the current jxlayer.jar, But since you specifically mention that you will be using SwingUtilities.getAncestorOfClass I do not expect better results with the new version.
When I test it with my hacked version of JXLayer and AbstractLayerUI everything works fine.
Thanks
Piet
Hello Piet
From my point of view, if you want JSlider to be set by MouseWheelEvents
you should add the listener not to the contentPane, but to the slider itself,
so this line
[code]
frame.getContentPane().addMouseWheelListener(mouseAdapter);
[/code]
doesn't look good for me
Imagine that you put your slider to a JPanel and add another MouseWheelListener to this panel,
in this case the listener from the contentPane won't be notified when you scroll the wheel under this panel
By the way, it was described in my very first blog
anyway, feel free to override the default behavior of the processMouseWheelEvents() in your LayerUI
Thanks
alexp
Hi Alex,
Probably you have a different perception of JXLayer than I. Your perspective is greatly focused on the technical implementation, my perspective is that of an end user.
From my perspective, I see two major elements in the jxlayer project that have very distinct tasks:
1) JXLayer:
task one: feed a LayerUI with the data that it needs
task two: act within the component hierarchy as if it were its view component itself
2) LayerUI:
task: apply special effects
Now about JXLayer. I think one can measure JXLayer's perfectness by asking the following question:
is this
[code]
container.add(component);
[/code]
equivalent to:
[code]
container.add(new JXLayer(component));
[/code]
As you may see, I now omitted a LayerUI entirely.
Or, in other words, JXLayer itself should not add or remove anything from anyone.
In the special case of MouseWheelEvent, since JXLayer must enable it to be able to feed it to the LayerUI, it should mimic what the normal dispatching procedure is for MouseWheelEvents when a component did not enable them, directly or indirectly by adding a listener for that event.
It should not make any assumption as to what the intended recipient would be.
The old application I told you about that uses MouseWheelEvents to influence a JSlider is far from flawless. As I look at it now, I can see that it is badly designed. May that be the case, I still expect that, when I wrap my component structure in a JXLayer, nothing changes.
Why did I add my MouseWheelListener to the content pane and not to the JSlider?
The GUI is composed around a main panel in which the following elements are contained:
CENTER: some artwork
EAST: some controls that influence the way in which the artwork is displayed
WEST: the slider that increases or decreases the effect of the controls
SOUTH: some message area
Increasing or decreasing the effect of the controls is, in this particular application, the main goal. The slider is only there for the following purpose:
1) to have a visual means to see if the minimum or maximum value is reached
2) to operate the application in case the mouse is not equipped with a wheel.
Therefore, the slider, or rather, the increasing or decreasing, should work on all parts of the GUI. Like a JScrollPane: scrolling does not only take place when the mouse is over the scroll bars, but also when over its content.
All the above is just the opinion (that didn't change after reading The story of one "not a bug") of someone who is definitely not an expert on Swing programming. [b]JXLayer is a jewel[/b] that deserves wide attention. Therefore I am just happy to give feedback. Of course, it is completely up to you to decide in what way it should be developed further.
Thanks
Piet
Hello Piet
I wish I could make [code]
container.add(component);
[/code]
absolutely equal to
[code]
container.add(new JXLayer(component));
[/code]
But the problem is that Swing doesn't provide API for events redispatching,
so if a component listens e.g. mouseEvents there is no reliable way
to pass them further as this component would be transparent for them
I know it very well, because I spent a lot of time inventing all kind of hacks to make it work
when I worked on JXTransfromer component
I could probably make the MouseWheelEvents work for most of the cases,
but then someone will ask me to make JXLayer transparent for the mouseEvents and mouseMotionEvents,
but Swing components can't catch mouseEvents and be transparent for them at the same time,
I know numerous use-cases when manual events redispatching fails
Technical problems will eventually become end-user problems,
I prefer to be sure in my code and don't want to declare that JXLayer
can do something which can't be implemented in Swing in reliable manner
Let's take your examples -
> scrolling does not only take place when the mouse is over the scroll bars, but also when
>over its content.
It would be great if it was so, but if you wrap a panel with a JScrollPane
and then add a mouseWheelListener to this panel, it will break the JScrollPane's scrolling
and this is not a problem of that particular panel, but the problem of JScrollPane's implementation
So if you use JScrollPane or any custom component with mouseWheelListener attached
the mouseWheelListener of contentPane will never be notified when you scroll the wheel over those components
it meas that your slider's trick works for your particular case, but doesn't work in general
Thank you for your warm words I appreciate your feedback
alexp
Hi Alex,
> I wish I could make [code]
> container.add(component);
> [/code]
> absolutely equal to
> [code]
> container.add(new JXLayer(component));
> [/code]
These words make me completely happy :) Actually, that is all what my remarks are about. And yes, I do believe you when you say that exactly that is quite an impossible task.
Thanks
Piet
Hello Piet
Good news!
I realized that I can make JXLayer with no LayerUI, absolutely transparent to all events,
I changed the event processing a bit and added AbstractLayerUI.setLayerEventMask() method,
with help of that you can enable or disable e.g. MouseWheelEvents for a particular layerUI
setter+getter is better than the only getter because it makes it possible to change the layer mask
on the fly and makes the layerUI more flexible
Please download the newest jars and let me know how they work for you
You should change the existing code a bit:
delete the getAWTEventListenerMask() methods and use setLayerEventMask() in the LayerUI's constructor instead
Thanks
alexp
Hi Alex,
Good news indeed!
I did a small test with the test case in the original post and the new jxlayer.jar. What I notice is the following:
1) When I create a JXLayer with no LayerUI (null), it seems that the new code makes JXLayer completely transparent.
2) When I create a JXLayer with an empty LayerUI
[code]new AbstractLayerUI
Probably I am over asking: is it possible to make an empty AbstractLayerUI equivalent to null?
But really great work. I will test my other demo's against the new jxlayer.jar and change them to follow the new api.
Thanks
Piet
Hi Alex,
I tested the other demo's and I notice that they all work well, except for one thing: scrolling via the mouse wheel does not work at all any more.
I didn't update the webstart demo's on my blog yet, but you may try the test case in the original post to see the problem.
Thanks
Piet
Hello Piet
> scrolling via the mouse wheel does not work at all any more.
to make it work you should make JXLayer transparent for the mouseWheel events
and exclude AWTEvent.MOUSE_WHEEL_EVENT_MASK from the layer event mask:
[code]
// call from ui's constructor
setLayerEventMask(AWTEvent.MOUSE_EVENT_MASK | AWTEvent.MOUSE_MOTION_EVENT_MASK);
[/code]
don't forget to mention keyEvents or focuseEvents there if your LayerUI needs them,
when you make JXLayer transprent for the mouseWheel events they will be delivered
directly to the JScrollPane automatically, which is the most reliable solution
Thanks
alexp
Hi Alex,
OK, I see.
I did a small test and can verify that:
[code]
new AbstractLayerUI
{
this.setLayerEventMask(0);
}
}
[/code]
is indeed equivalent to null.
As I now understand, basically, if the LayerUI wants to process MouseWheelEvents, it is its own responsability to propagate it to a parent if needed.
If it does not want to process MouseWheelEvents, it must exclude it from the event mask, and then they will be automatically delivered to the parent.
Thanks
Piet
>
> then, in [b]AbstractLayerUI[/b] I removed the
> implementation of processMouseMoveEvent. So now it is
> an empty implementation like processMouseEvent.
>
Hi Alex,
Just found a typo. When referring to processMouseMoveEvent I meant of course [b]processMouseWheelEvent[/b].
Could not find a button to edit the text after it was posted.
Thanks
Piet
Hello Piet
> is it possible to make an empty AbstractLayerUI equivalent to null?
The default AbstractLayerUI is not transparent for the mouseEvents indeed,
I did it intentionally, because it used to catch mouseEvents with processMouseEvent() method by default
and I prefer not to change it because it is easier for the new JXLayer's users
to override process* methods and catch all events without reading too much of javadoc
Note: my answer to the other question is on the next page
Thanks
alexp | https://www.java.net/node/682421 | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | refinedweb | 2,730 | 54.63 |
Common Concurrency Pitfalls in Java
Last modified: December 22, 2021
1. Introduction
In this tutorial, we're going to see some of the most common concurrency problems in Java. We'll also learn how to avoid them and their main causes.
2. Using Thread-Safe Objects
2.1. Sharing Objects
Threads communicate primarily by sharing access to the same objects. So, reading from an object while it changes can give unexpected results. Also, concurrently changing an object can leave it in a corrupted or inconsistent state.
The main way we can avoid such concurrency issues and build reliable code is to work with immutable objects. This is because their state cannot be modified by the interference of multiple threads.
However, we can't always work with immutable objects. In these cases, we have to find ways to make our mutable objects thread-safe.
2.2. Making Collections Thread-Safe
Like any other object, collections maintain state internally. This could be altered by multiple threads changing the collection concurrently. So, one way we can safely work with collections in a multithreaded environment is to synchronize them:
Map<String, String> map = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>()); List<Integer> list = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
In general, synchronization helps us to achieve mutual exclusion. More specifically, these collections can be accessed by only one thread at a time. Thus, we can avoid leaving collections in an inconsistent state.
2.3. Specialist Multithreaded Collections
Now let's consider a scenario where we need more reads than writes. By using a synchronized collection, our application can suffer major performance consequences. If two threads want to read the collection at the same time, one has to wait until the other finishes.
For this reason, Java provides concurrent collections such as CopyOnWriteArrayList and ConcurrentHashMap that can be accessed simultaneously by multiple threads:
CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>(); Map<String, String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
The CopyOnWriteArrayList achieves thread-safety by creating a separate copy of the underlying array for mutative operations like add or remove. Although it has a poorer performance for write operations than a Collections.synchronizedList, it provides us with better performance when we need significantly more reads than writes.
ConcurrentHashMap is fundamentally thread-safe and is more performant than the Collections.synchronizedMap wrapper around a non-thread-safe Map. It's actually a thread-safe map of thread-safe maps, allowing different activities to happen simultaneously in its child maps.
2.4. Working with Non-Thread-Safe Types
We often use built-in objects like SimpleDateFormat to parse and format date objects. The SimpleDateFormat class mutates its internal state while doing its operations.
We need to be very careful with them because they are not thread-safe. Their state can become inconsistent in a multithreaded application due to things like race conditions.
So, how can we use the SimpleDateFormat safely? We have several options:
- Create a new instance of SimpleDateFormat every time it's used
- Restrict the number of objects created by using a ThreadLocal<SimpleDateFormat> object. It guarantees that each thread will have its own instance of SimpleDateFormat
- Synchronize concurrent access by multiple threads with the synchronized keyword or a lock
SimpleDateFormat is just one example of this. We can use these techniques with any non-thread-safe type.
3. Race Conditions
A race condition occurs when two or more threads access shared data and they try to change it at the same time. Thus, race conditions can cause runtime errors or unexpected outcomes.
3.1. Race Condition Example
Let's consider the following code:
class Counter { private int counter = 0; public void increment() { counter++; } public int getValue() { return counter; } }
The Counter class is designed so that each invocation of the increment method will add 1 to the counter. However, if a Counter object is referenced from multiple threads, the interference between threads may prevent this from happening as expected.
We can decompose the counter++ statement into 3 steps:
- Retrieve the current value of counter
- Increment the retrieved value by 1
- Store the incremented value back in counter
Now, let's suppose two threads, thread1 and thread2, invoke the increment method at the same time. Their interleaved actions might follow this sequence:
- thread1 reads the current value of counter; 0
- thread2 reads the current value of counter; 0
- thread1 increments the retrieved value; the result is 1
- thread2 increments the retrieved value; the result is 1
- thread1 stores the result in counter; the result is now 1
- thread2 stores the result in counter; the result is now 1
We expected the value of the counter to be 2, but it was 1.
3.2. A Synchronized-Based Solution
We can fix the inconsistency by synchronizing the critical code:
class SynchronizedCounter { private int counter = 0; public synchronized void increment() { counter++; } public synchronized int getValue() { return counter; } }
Only one thread is allowed to use the synchronized methods of an object at any one time, so this forces consistency in the reading and writing of the counter.
3.3. A Built-In Solution
We can replace the above code with a built-in AtomicInteger object. This class offers, among others, atomic methods for incrementing an integer and is a better solution than writing our own code. Therefore, we can call its methods directly without the need for synchronization:
AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(3); atomicInteger.incrementAndGet();
In this case, the SDK solves the problem for us. Otherwise, we could've also written our own code, encapsulating the critical sections in a custom thread-safe class. This approach helps us to minimize the complexity and to maximize the reusability of our code.
4. Race Conditions Around Collections
4.1. The Problem
Another pitfall we can fall into is to think that synchronized collections offer us more protection than they actually do.
Let's examine the code below:
List<String> list = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>()); if(!list.contains("foo")) { list.add("foo"); }
Every operation of our list is synchronized, but any combinations of multiple method invocations are not synchronized. More specifically, between the two operations, another thread can modify our collection leading to undesired results.
For example, two threads could enter the if block at the same time and then update the list, each thread adding the foo value to the list.
4.2. A Solution for Lists
We can protect the code from being accessed by more than one thread at a time using synchronization:
synchronized (list) { if (!list.contains("foo")) { list.add("foo"); } }
Rather than adding the synchronized keyword to the functions, we've created a critical section concerning list, which only allows one thread at a time to perform this operation.
We should note that we can use synchronized(list) on other operations on our list object, to provide a guarantee that only one thread at a time can perform any of our operations on this object.
4.3. A Built-In Solution for ConcurrentHashMap
Now, let's consider using a map for the same reason, namely adding an entry only if it's not present.
The ConcurrentHashMap offers a better solution for this type of problem. We can use its atomic putIfAbsent method:
Map<String, String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); map.putIfAbsent("foo", "bar");
Or, if we want to compute the value, its atomic computeIfAbsent method:
map.computeIfAbsent("foo", key -> key + "bar");
We should note that these methods are part of the interface to Map where they offer a convenient way to avoid writing conditional logic around insertion. They really help us out when trying to make multi-threaded calls atomic.
5. Memory Consistency Issues
Memory consistency issues occur when multiple threads have inconsistent views of what should be the same data.
In addition to the main memory, most modern computer architectures are using a hierarchy of caches (L1, L2, and L3 caches) to improve the overall performance. Thus, any thread may cache variables because it provides faster access compared to the main memory.
5.1. The Problem
Let's recall our Counter example:
class Counter { private int counter = 0; public void increment() { counter++; } public int getValue() { return counter; } }
Let's consider the scenario where thread1 increments the counter and then thread2 reads its value. The following sequence of events might happen:
- thread1 reads the counter value from its own cache; counter is 0
- thread1 increments the counter and writes it back to its own cache; counter is 1
- thread2 reads the counter value from its own cache; counter is 0
Of course, the expected sequence of events could happen too and the thread2 will read the correct value (1), but there is no guarantee that changes made by one thread will be visible to other threads every time.
5.2. The Solution
In order to avoid memory consistency errors, we need to establish a happens-before relationship. This relationship is simply a guarantee that memory updates by one specific statement are visible to another specific statement.
There are several strategies that create happens-before relationships. One of them is synchronization, which we've already looked at.
Synchronization ensures both mutual exclusion and memory consistency. However, this comes with a performance cost.
We can also avoid memory consistency problems by using the volatile keyword. Simply put, every change to a volatile variable is always visible to other threads.
Let's rewrite our Counter example using volatile:
class SyncronizedCounter { private volatile int counter = 0; public synchronized void increment() { counter++; } public int getValue() { return counter; } }
We should note that we still need to synchronize the increment operation because volatile doesn't ensure us mutual exclusion. Using simple atomic variable access is more efficient than accessing these variables through synchronized code.
5.3. Non-Atomic long and double Values
So, if we read a variable without proper synchronization, we may see a stale value. For long and double values, quite surprisingly, it's even possible to see completely random values in addition to stale ones.
According to JLS-17, JVM may treat 64-bit operations as two separate 32-bit operations. Therefore, when reading a long or double value, it's possible to read an updated 32-bit along with a stale 32-bit. Consequently, we may observe random-looking long or double values in concurrent contexts.
On the other hand, writes and reads of volatile long and double values are always atomic.
6. Misusing Synchronize
The synchronization mechanism is a powerful tool to achieve thread-safety. It relies on the use of intrinsic and extrinsic locks. Let's also remember the fact that every object has a different lock and only one thread can acquire a lock at a time.
However, if we don't pay attention and carefully choose the right locks for our critical code, unexpected behavior can occur.
6.1. Synchronizing on this Reference
The method-level synchronization comes as a solution to many concurrency issues. However, it can also lead to other concurrency issues if it's overused. This synchronization approach relies on the this reference as a lock, which is also called an intrinsic lock.
We can see in the following examples how a method-level synchronization can be translated into a block-level synchronization with the this reference as a lock.
These methods are equivalent:
public synchronized void foo() { //... }
public void foo() { synchronized(this) { //... } }
When such a method is called by a thread, other threads cannot concurrently access the object. This can reduce concurrency performance as everything ends up running single-threaded. This approach is especially bad when an object is read more often than it is updated.
Moreover, a client of our code might also acquire the this lock. In the worst-case scenario, this operation can lead to a deadlock.
6.2. Deadlock
Deadlock describes a situation where two or more threads block each other, each waiting to acquire a resource held by some other thread.
Let's consider the example:
public class DeadlockExample { public static Object lock1 = new Object(); public static Object lock2 = new Object(); public static void main(String args[]) { Thread threadA = new Thread(() -> { synchronized (lock1) { System.out.println("ThreadA: Holding lock 1..."); sleep(); System.out.println("ThreadA: Waiting for lock 2..."); synchronized (lock2) { System.out.println("ThreadA: Holding lock 1 & 2..."); } } }); Thread threadB = new Thread(() -> { synchronized (lock2) { System.out.println("ThreadB: Holding lock 2..."); sleep(); System.out.println("ThreadB: Waiting for lock 1..."); synchronized (lock1) { System.out.println("ThreadB: Holding lock 1 & 2..."); } } }); threadA.start(); threadB.start(); } }
In the above code we can clearly see that first threadA acquires lock1 and threadB acquires lock2. Then, threadA tries to get the lock2 which is already acquired by threadB and threadB tries to get the lock1 which is already acquired by threadA. So, neither of them will proceed meaning they are in a deadlock.
We can easily fix this issue by changing the order of locks in one of the threads.
We should note that this is just one example, and there are many others that can lead to a deadlock.
7. Conclusion
In this article, we explored several examples of concurrency issues that we're likely to encounter in our multithreaded applications.
First, we learned that we should opt for objects or operations that are either immutable or thread-safe.
Then, we saw several examples of race conditions and how we can avoid them using the synchronization mechanism. Furthermore, we learned about memory-related race conditions and how to avoid them.
Although the synchronization mechanism helps us to avoid many concurrency issues, we can easily misuse it and create other issues. For this reason, we examined several problems we might face when this mechanism is badly used.
As usual, all the examples used in this article are available over on GitHub. | https://www.baeldung.com/java-common-concurrency-pitfalls | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | refinedweb | 2,270 | 53.81 |
Part 2 - Exercise: Writing your First Windows Phone 8.1 App
Download the source code for this lesson at
In this lesson, I want to talk about the XAML syntax we wrote in our first pass at the HelloWorld app. Hopefully you could see how the XAML we wrote impacted what we saw in the Phone preview pane. It's relatively easy to figure out the absolute basics of XAML just by looking at it, however I want to point out some of its features and functions that may not be obvious at first glance.
At a high level, our game plan in this lesson:
(1) We'll talk about the purpose and nature of XAML, comparing it to C#
(2) We'll talk about the special features of XAML ... little hidden features of the language that may not be obvious by just staring at it what it does.
What is XAML? to write and read XML to conform to those rules, they’ll abide by that contract. Now, they:
<Grid>
<Button Content="Click Me"
HorizontalAlignment="Left"
Margin="10,100,0,0"
VerticalAlignment="Top"
Click="Button_Click"
Background="Red"
Width="200"
Height="100"
/>
<TextBlock x:
</Grid>
Comment out button by enclosing it in the following syntax:
<!--
-->
Add:
<Grid Name="myLayoutGrid">
And in the MainPage.xaml.cs, change the OnNavigatedTo method to look like this:
protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
{
// TODO: Prepare page for display here.
Button myButton = new Button();
myButton.Name = "clickMeButton";
myButton.Content = "Click Me";
myButton.Width = 200;
myButton.Height = 100;
myButton.Margin = new Thickness(46, 102, 0, 0);
myButton.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.UI.Xaml.HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myButton.VerticalAlignment = Windows.UI.Xaml.VerticalAlignment.Top;
myButton.Background = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red);
myButton.Click += clickMeButton_Click;
myLayoutGrid.Children.Add(myButton);
}
I've added this C# code in the OnNavigatedTo() method.
Introducing Type Converters Windows.UI.Xaml.HorizontalAlignment.Left through the use of a Type Converter.
A Type Converter is a class that can translate from a string value into a strong type — there are several of these built into the Phone Windows.UI.Xaml.HorizontalAlignment.Left.
Just for fun, take a look at what happens when you attempt to misspell “Left”:
(In the XAML misspell 'Left')
… you’ll get a compilation error because the Type Converter can’t find an exact match that it can convert into the enumeration value Windows.UI.Xaml.HorizontalAlignment.Left.
So, the first characteristic of XAML is that it is a succinct means of creating instances of classes. In the context of building a Phone application, it is used to create instances of user interface elements, it could be used for other purposes in other technologies.
Understanding XAML Namespace Declarations
Next, let's talk about all that XAML code at the very top of the MainPage.xaml file ... we ignored it until now.
At the very top of the file, we see the following:
<Page
x:Class="HelloWorld.MainPage"
xmlns=""
xmlns:x=""
xmlns:local="using:HelloWorld"
xmlns:d=""
xmlns:mc=""
mc:
While you're looking this over, remember what I said a moment ago -- about schemas being a part of XML. If that's the case, then where does this XAML promise to adhere to a schema?
See lines 3 through 7 ... there are five schemas this MainPage.xaml is promising to adhere to. Each of them are defined with the xmlns attribute. The first xmlns defined in line 3 is the default namespace -- in other words, there's no colon and no word after the colon like you see in lines 4 through 7.
The rest of the namespaces in lines 4 through 7:
<TextBlock x:
We would expect the TextBlock element:
Note: This will fail when you try it!
s because the schema is not published in the sense that you can go to that URL and view it. Instead, a schema is simply a unique name, similar to how we used Namespaces in C# to identify two classes that may have.
s subtle, but the second schema defines the intrinsic rules for XAML in general. The first schema defines the contract / rules for Phone specific usage of XAML. In other words, the fact that we can work with the Grid, Button, TextBlock and the other XAML elements without using a prefix means that they are defined in the default namespace.
Line 5 is the local namespace … this is the top most namespace for our project. So, any custom classes we create and want to reference, we can just append local: in front.
Lines 6 & 7 define namespaces and schemas that are used to allow Visual Studio's Phone Preview Pane on the left to
display properly. These instructions are ignored at runtime, which is what line 8 is doing -- when compiling the XAML code, ignore anything prefixed with :d..
The final attribute sets a theme resource for the page. I’ll talk about that in an upcoming lesson on Themes and Styles.
Understanding the relationship between the .xaml and .xaml.cs files ll see that it defines a MainPage class, and furthermore, it defines it as a PARTIAL class.
public sealed partial class MainPage : Page
The other half of the equation is defined in lines 1 & 2 of the MainPage.xaml:
<Page
x:Class="HelloWorld.MainPage"
...
While it doesn't use the term Partial like it's procedural counterpart, it does indicate Button class called clickMeButton in XAML and then call its methods or set its properties in C#. We’ll see more examples of this later in this lesson.
Understanding Default Properties
Since XAML is essentially an XML document, we can embed elements inside of other elements. We've already seen an example of this:
<Phone>
<Grid ...>
<Button ... />
<TextBlock … />
</Grid>
</Page>
Here Page "contains" a Grid and the Grid "contains" a Button and a TextBlock. Or, perhaps more correctly in XAML parlance, that Page’s Content property is set to Grid, and Grid's Children collection includes the Button and TextBlock. Depending on the type of control you're working with, the default property can be populated using this embedded style syntax. So, you could do this:
<TextBlock Content="Click Me" ... />
... or this ...
<Button HorizontalAlignment="Left"
Margin="246,102,0,0"
VerticalAlignment="Top">
Hi
</Button>
... since the Content property is the default property of the Button class.
Understanding Complex Properties and the Property Element Syntax
In some cases, merely setting attribute values masks the complexity of what's going on behind the scenes. A good example of this is setting Background="Red". We've already seen this procedurally in C# -- to accomplish the same thing:
myButton.Background = new Solid property.
(1) I select the Brush property to reveal the Brush editor.
(2) I make sure that Background is selected.
(3) I select the Linear Brush tab (middle tab).
(4) I move the selector all the way to the upper-right hand side of the color editor.
I should now see that the button has a black-to-red color gradient. were.
Recap
To recap, we've learned about the syntax of XAML. Most of XAML is pretty straightforward, but there are a few things that are not quite as obvious.
(1) XAML is simply an implementation of XML, and relies heavily on schemas and namespaces to adhere to "contracts" so that different applications can create, interpret, display or compile the XAML code.
(2) The purpose of XAML is to allow for a compact, concise syntax to create instances of classes and set their properties. We compared the procedural version of a button created in C# versus one created declaratively in XAML and saw how much less code was required.
(3) XAML requires less code due to its built-in features like property type converters which allows a simple string value be converted into an instance of a class.
(4) For more complex property settings, XAML offers property element syntax which harnesses the intelligent XAML parser to rely on default properties and deduction to reduce the amount of XAML code required to express a design.
(5) We learned about the embedded syntax style and the embedded nature of elements which suggests a relationships between visual elements. For example, the Phone contains a Grid for layout, which in turn contains input or other types of controls. These are represented with opening and closing elements representing containment or ownership.
(6) We learned about default properties; each control has a default property which can be set using that same style of embedded syntax.
Next, let's learn more about the Grid for layout, we'll learn about XAML's attached property syntax and how events are wired up in the next lesson.
Hey Bob. Thanks for the great video. I really liked the slight, but great improvement over explaining the namespaces. The previous Windows Phone 8 development video really confused me when it came to explaining the namespaces and the fact that they were in URL format rather than the typical C# "namespace.class" type.
I like videos with English subtitles or with the description mentioned in these series as they are easy to understand and easy to remember . Thanks BOB and Channel9 for providing the descriptive texts.
Thanks Bob for this Great Tutorials (a) :D
Great Tutorials, Thanks Bob
hi Bob.My computer use window 8 profes.if it can run app which i code app for windowphone ?
thanks Bob. do you suggest any source to learn XAML completely?
When did you grew this nice beard..
or Perhaps I watched your old videos..:P
Each and every video of yours is awesome..Great learning Exp.
hey bob u dib a gr8 job....... no words .hats off!!!!!!
Hi Bob,
one question that remains for me. what is the difference from property "name" from "x:Name" which one I should use when I will reference the object in my C# code?
is there cases that I should x:name instead of name? (or vice-versa)
thanks!!
Really enjoy your series:D
@MarcusBreda
Look, if u wanna use it in C#, u gotta use x:Name.
Hi Bob and classmate guys!.
that is a fantastic series. i code in visual studio for 7 years and last year migrate to android developing but i really missed VS and come back to home!
i have some issue while run project on phone emulator:
phone emulator run at all but while the project want to deploy it's failed and i got an error
"Error 1 Error : DEP6100 : The following unexpected error occurred during boostrapping stage 'Downloading package '7123B57E-F819-4B1E-8EE2-677E10756394'':
FileNotFoundException - The system cannot find the file specified.
App4"
somebody help me to solve this problem.
visual studio 2014 update 4.
win 8.1 pro 64bit with last updates.
i uninstall firewall and antivirus and i really confused about it.
cheers.
Dude you are doing great job!
Great Tutorial. Thanks!!!
Thanks Bob,You're the best teacher!
thanks bob learned a lot!!!! | https://channel9.msdn.com/Series/Windows-Phone-8-1-Development-for-Absolute-Beginners/Part-3-Introduction-to-XAML | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | refinedweb | 1,812 | 64.81 |
12 August 2008
Allow partially trusted callers – using ASP.NET in shared hosting
The problem: using ASP.NET in medium trust on shared hosting environments
Developing ASP.NET applications for shared commercial web hosting space can give rise to a security issue that will restrict your options as a developer. If you developing an ASP.NET application that works fine in your development environment any attempt to run it in the live environment may well give rise to the following error:
System.Security.SecurityException: That assembly does not allow partially trusted callers.
This is being caused by the security level that your application is being forced to run under. Most commercial shared hosting operations lock down the server space to stop your code from doing anything that may interfere with other sites or the server itself.
This security level is known as the trust level in .NET and it can be set to one of the following values:
-. This is the most common trust level that is used in shared hosting environments.
- Low trust – same as above except your code cannot make any out-of-process calls. i.e. calls to a database, network, etc.
- Minimal trust – code is restricted from anything but the most trival processing (calculating algorithms).
Medium trust is the level most commonly used by shared hosting environments and it places severe restrictions on what your code can do – i.e. you cannot call unmanaged code, such as Win32 APIs and COM components and you cannot do anything with the file system or system registry.
Medium trust also prevents your assemblies from running unless they are marked with a strong name and installed into the server’s Global Assembly Cache (GAC). However, this becomes a problem in a hosted environment where you have no direct access to the GAC.
The solution – Allowing partially trusted callers
To ensure that your assemblies will work in a medium trusted environment, you need to give them a strong name and mark them with an attribute that tells the .NET security runtime to allow the code.
To allow partially trusted callers from your code, add the following attribute to the assembly’s AssemblyInfo.cs file:
[assembly: AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers]
You will also need to ensure that the file references the System.Security namespace.
In addition, you will also need to give your assembly a strong name by signing the assembly though the project properties dialog. An explanation of how to do this can be found here:.
Limitations and exceptions
You will have to be careful what assemblies in the .NET framework that you use in partially trusted assemblies, as a number of them cannot be called from partially trusted code. This includes pretty much anything that could be regarded as a major security risk, i,e, access to the file system, event log and system settings.
For example, if you have incorporated logging functionality that uses System.Diagnotics to write to the event log, you will always get a Security Exception when you try to run this code as a partially trusted caller. This is because this is one of the assemblies that requires a higher level of trust before they can be used.
This can be quite a limitation on your application – the full list of assemblies that cannot be called by partially trusted callers can be found here:.
Developing in a medium trust environment
It’s always best practice to be aware of the security context that your application will be running in and to try and develop for it. For public-facing sites, medium trust should be considered a baseline that all web sites should use. After all, it does serve to minimise the risk to other applications and your hosting environment if an application is compromised.
At the most basic level, you can set your web application to run in a medium trust environment, by adding the following line to your web.config file:
<trust level=”Medium”/> | http://www.ben-morris.com/allow-partially-trusted-callers-asp-net-shared-hosting-environments/ | CC-MAIN-2017-22 | refinedweb | 657 | 54.02 |
, providing storage for a variable number of objects, but restricting the order in which the items may be accessed. The Hashtable provides an array-like abstraction with greater indexing flexibility. Whereas an array requires that its elements be indexed by an ordinal value, Hashtables allow items to be indexed by any of An Extensive Examination of Data Structures,.
The array holds a set of homogeneous elements indexed by ordinal value. The actual contents of an array are laid be served before you while the people behind you will be served after. Priority-based processing serves those with a higher priority before those with a lesser priority. For example, a hospital emergency room uses this strategy, opting to help someone with a potentially fatal wound before someone with a less threatening wound, regardless of who arrived first.
Imagine that you need to build a computer service and that you want to handle requests in the order in which they were received. = jobs[nextJobPos]; nextJobPos++; return jobName; } } public static void Main() { AddJob("1"); AddJob("2"); Console.WriteLine(GetNextJob()); AddJob("3"); Console.WriteLine(GetNextJob()); Console.WriteLine(GetNextJob()); Console.WriteLine(GetNextJob()); Console.WriteLine(GetNextJob()); AddJob("4"); AddJob("5"); Console.WriteLine(GetNextJob()); } }
The output of this program is as follows:
1 2 3 NO JOBS IN BUFFER NO JOBS IN BUFFER 4
While this approach is fairly simply and straightforward, it is horribly inefficient. For starters, the List will continue to grow unabated with each job that's added to the buffer, even if the jobs are processed immediately after being added to the buffer. Consider the case where every second a new job is added to the buffer and a job is removed from the buffer. This means that once a second the
AddJob() method is called, which calls the.
Figure 3.Issue created by placing jobs in the O index
Now, when
GetNextJob() was called, the second job would be removed from the buffer, and
nextJobPos would be incremented to point to index 2. Therefore, when
GetNextJob() was called again, the fourth job would be removed and processed prior to the third job, thereby violating the first come, first served order we need to maintain..
Figure 4. Example of a circular array
With a circular array, the
AddJob() method adds the new job in index
endPos and then "increments"
endPos. The
GetNextJob() method plucks the job from
startPos, sets the element at the
startPos index to
null, and "increments"
startPos. I put the word increments in quotation marks because here incrementing is a trifle more complex than simply adding one to the variable's current value. To see why we can't just add 1, consider the case when
endPos equals 15. If we increment
endPos by adding 1,
endPos will equal 16. In the next
AddJob() call, the index 16 will attempt to be accessed, which will result in an
IndexOutOfRangeException.
Rather, when
endPos equals 15, we want to increment
endPos by resetting it to 0. This can either be done by creating an
increment(variable) function that checks to see if the passed-in variable equals the array's size and, if so, reset it to 0. Alternatively, the variable can have its value incremented by 1 and then
mod-ed by the size of the array. In such a case, the code for
increment() would look like:, there is insufficient space, the array is increased by a specified growth factor. This growth factor has a default value of 2.0, thereby doubling the internal array's size, but you can optionally specify this factor in the Queue class's constructor.
The
Dequeue() method returns the current element from the head index. It also sets the
head index element to null and "increments"
head. For those times where you may want to Served
The Queue data structure provides first come, first served access by internally using a circular array of type
object. The Queue provides such access by exposing an
Enqueue() and
Dequque() methods. First come, first serve processing has a number of real-world applications, especially in service programs like Web servers, print queues, and other programs that handle multiple incoming requests.
Another common processing scheme in computer programs is first come, last served. The data structure that provides this form of access is known as a Stack. The .NET Framework Base Class Library includes a Stack class in the
Sytem.Collections.Generic namespace. Like the Queue class, the Stack class maintains its elements internally using a circular array. The Stack class exposes its data through two methods:
Push(item), which adds the passed-in item to the stack, and
Pop(), which removes and returns the item at the top of the stack.
A Stack can be visualized graphically as a vertical collection of items. When an item is pushed onto the stack, it is placed on top of all other items. Popping an item removes the item from the top of the stack. The following two figures graphically represent a stack first after items 1, 2, and 3 have been pushed onto the stack in that order, and then after a pop.
Figure 5. Graphical representation of a stack with three items
Figure 6. Graphical representation of a stack with three items after a pop
Like the List, when the Stack's internal array needs to be resized it is automatically increased by twice the initial size. (Recall that with the Queue this growth factor can be optionally specified through the constructor.)
**Note **Stacks are often referred to as LIFO data structures, or Last In, First Out.
Stacks: A Common Metaphor in Computer Science
When talking about queues it's easy to conjure up many real-world parallels like lines at the bakery, printer job processing, and so on. But real-world examples of stacks in action are harder to come up with. Despite this, stacks are a prominent data structure in a variety of computer applications.
For example, consider any imperative computer programming language, like C#. When a C# program is executed, the CLR maintains a call stack which, among other things, keeps track of the function invocations. Each time a function is called, its information is added to the call stack. Upon the function's completion, the associated information is popped from the stack. The information at the top of the call stack represents the current function being executed. (For a visual demonstration of the function call stack, create a project in Visual Studio might be uniquely identified by their social security number, which has the form DDD-DD-DDDD, where D is a digit (0-9). If we had an array of all employees that were randomly ordered, finding employee 111-22-3333 would require, potentially, searching through all of the elements in the employee array, a O(n) operation. A somewhat better approach.
Figure 7. Array showing all possible elements for a 9-digit number
As this figure shows, each employee record contains information like Name, Phone, Salary, and so on, and is indexed by the employee's social security number. With such a scheme, any employee's information could be accessed in constant time. The disadvantage of this approach is its extreme waste: there are a total of 109. However, the performance of being able to access an employee's information in constant time is highly desirable. One option would be to reduce the social security number span by only using the last four digits of an employee's social security number. That is, rather than having an array spanning from 000-00-0000 to 999-99-9999, the array would only span from 0000 to 9999. Figure 8 below shows a graphical representation of this trimmed-down array.
Figure 8. Trimmed down array
This approach provides both the constant time lookup cost, as well as much better space utilization. Choosing to use the last four digits of the social security number was an arbitrary choice. We could have used the middle four digits, or the first, third, eighth, and ninth.
The mathematical transformation of the nine-digit social security number to a four-digit number is called hashing. An array that uses hashing to compress its indexers space is referred to as a hash table.
A hash function is a function that performs this hashing. For the social security number example, our hash function, H, can be described as follows:
H(x) = last four digits of x
The inputs to H can be any nine-digit social security number, whereas the result of H is a four-digit number, which, with hashing functions you will be able to find two elements in the larger set that map to the same value in the smaller set. With our social security number hashing function, all social security numbers ending in 0000 will map to 0000. That is, the hash value for 000-00-0000, 113-14-0000, 933-66-0000 and many others will all be 0000. |A| > |B| it must be the case that f is not one-to-one; therefore, there will be collisions.
Clearly the occurrence of collisions can cause problems. In the next section, we'll look at the correlation between the hash function and the occurrence of collisions and then briefly examine some strategies for handling collisions. In the section after that, we'll turn our attention to the
System.Collections.Hashtable class, which provides an implementation of a hash table. We'll look at the Hashtable class's hash function, collision resolution strategy, and some examples of using the Hashtable class in practice. add the inserted item into the hashed location; with a collision, however, we must decide upon some corrective course of action. Due to the increased cost associated with collisions, our goal should be to have as few collisions as possible.
The frequency of collisions is directly correlated to the hash function used and the distribution of the data being passed into the hash function. In our social security number example, using the last four digits of an employee's social security number is an ideal hash function assuming that social security numbers are randomly assigned. However, if social security numbers are assigned such that those born in a particular year or location are more likely to have the same last four digits, then using the last four digits might cause a large number of collisions if your employees' birth dates and birth locations are not uniformly distributed.
**Note **A thorough analysis of a hash functions value requires a bit of experience with statistics, which is beyond the scope of this article. Essentially, we want to ensure that for a hash table with k slots, the probability that a random value from the hash function's domain will map to any particular element in the range is 1.
Consider the case where the following four employees were inserted into the hash table: Alice (333-33-1234), Bob (444-44-1234), Cal (555-55-1237), Danny (000-00-1235), and Edward (111-00-1235). After these inserts the hash table will look like:
Figure 10. Hash table of four employees with similar numbers
Alice's social security number is hashed to 1234, and she is inserted at spot 1234. Next, Bob's social security number is hashed to 1234, but Alice is already at spot 1234, so Bob takes the next available spot,, imagine we wanted to access information about Edward. Therefore, we take Edward's social security number, 111-00-1235, hash it to 1235, and start our search there. However, at spot 1235 we find Bob, not Edward. So we have to check 1236, but Danny's there. Our linear search continues until we either find Edward or hit an empty slot. If we reach an empty spot, we know that Edward is not in our hashtable.
Linear probing, while simple, is not a very good collision resolution strategy because it leads to clustering. That is, imagine that the first 10 employees we insert all have the social security hash to the same value, say 3344. Then 10 consecutive spots will be taken, from 3344 through 3353. This cluster requires linear probing any time any one of these 10 employees is accessed. Furthermore, any employees with hash values from 3345 through 3353 will add to this cluster's size. For speedy lookups, we want the data in the hash table uniformly distributed, not clustered around certain points.
A more involved probing technique is quadratic probing, which starts checking spots a quadratic distance away. That is, if slot s is taken, rather than checking slot s + 1, then s + 2, and so on as in linear probing, quadratic probing checks slot s + 12 first, then s – 12, then s + 22, then s – 22, then s + 32, and so on. However, even quadratic hashing can lead to clustering.
In the next section, we'll look at a third collision resolution technique called rehasing, which is the technique used by the .NET Framework's Hashtable class. the unique key by which the item is accessed. Both the key and item can be of any type. In our employee example, the key would be the employee's social security number. Items are added to the Hashtable using the
Add() method.
To retrieve an item from the Hashtable, you can index the Hashtable by the key, just like you would index an array by an ordinal value. The following short C# program demonstrates this concept. It adds a number of items to a Hashtable, associating a string key with each item. Then, the particular item can be accessed using its string key.
using System; using System.Collections; public class HashtableDemo { private static Hashtable is not in the hash table..."); } }
This code also demonstrates the
ContainsKey() method, which returns a Boolean indicating whether or not a specified key was found in the Hashtable. The Hashtable class contains a
Keys property that returns a collection of the keys used in the Hashtable. This property can be used to enumerate the items in a Hashtable, as shown below:
// Step through all items in the Hashtable foreach(string key in the social security number is already a number itself. To get an appropriate hash value, we merely chopped off all but the final four digits. But realize that the Hashtable class can accept a key of any type. As we saw in a previous example, the key could be a string, like "Scott" or "Sam." In such a case, it is only natural to wonder how a hash function can turn a string into a number.
This magical transformation can occur thanks to the
GetHashCode(), which is defined in the
System.Object class. The
Object class's default implementation of
GetHashCode() returns a unique integer that is guaranteed not to change during the lifetime of the object..)
The Hashtable class's hash function is defined as follows:
H(key) = [GetHash(key) + 1 + (((GetHash(key) >> 5) + 1) % (hashsize – 1))] % hashsize
Here, GetHash(key) is, by default, the result returned by key's call to
GetHashCode() (although when using the Hashtable you can specify a custom
GetHash() function). GetHash(key) >> 5 computes the hash for key and then shifts the result 5 bits to the right – this has the effect of dividing the hash result by 32. As discussed earlier in this article, the
% operator performs modular arithmetic.
hashsize is the number of total slots in the hash table. (Recall that
x % y returns the remainder of x / y, and that this result is always between 0 and
y – 1.) Due to these mod operations, the end result is that H(key) will be a value between 0 and hashsize – 1. Since hashsize is the total number of slots in the hash table, the resulting hash will always point to within the acceptable range of values. is the initial hash function (H1). The other hash functions are very similar to this function, only differentiating by a multiplicative factor. In general, the hash function Hk is defined as:
H k(key) = [GetHash(key) + k * (1 + (((GetHash(key) >> 5) + 1) % (hashsize – 1)))] % hashsize
**Mathematical Note **With rehasing it is important that each slot in the hash table is visited exactly once when
hashsizenumber of probes are made. That is, for a given key you don't want Hi and Hj to hash to the same slot in the hash table. With the rehashing formula used by the Hashtable class, this property is maintained if the result of (1 + (((GetHash(key) >> 5) + 1) % (hashsize – 1)) and
hashsize
The Hashtable class contains a private member variable called
loadFactor that specifies the maximum ratio of items in the Hashtable to the total number of slots. A
loadFactor of, say, 0.5, indicates that at most the Hashtable can only have half of its slots filled with items and the other half must remain empty.
In an overloaded form of the Hashtable's constructor, you can specify a
loadFactor value between 0.1 and 1.0. Realize, however, that whatever value you provide, it is scaled down 72%, so even if you pass in a value of 1.0 the Hashtable class's actual
loadFactor will be 0.72. The 0.72 was found by Microsoft to be the optimal load factor, so consider using the default 1.0 load factor value (which gets scaled automatically to 0.72). Therefore, you would be encouraged to use the default of 1.0 (which is really 0.72).
**Note **I spent a few days asking various listservs and folks at Microsoft why this automatic scaling was applied. I wondered why, if they wanted to values to be between 0.072 and 0.72, why not make that the legal range? I ended up talking to the Microsoft team that worked on the Hashtable class and they shared their reason for this decision. Specifically, the team found through empirical testing that values greater than 0.72 seriously degraded the performance. They decided that the developer using the Hashtable would be better off if they didn't have to remember a seeming arbitrary value in 0.72, but instead just had to remember that a value of 1.0 gave the best results. So this decision, essentially, sacrifices functionality a bit, but makes the data structure easier to use and will cause fewer headaches in the developer community.
Whenever a new item is added to the Hashtable class, a check occurs to make sure adding the new item won't push the ratio of items to slots past the specified maximum ratio. If it will, then the Hashtable is expanded. Expansion occurs in two steps:
-).
Fortunately the Hashtable class hides all this complexity in the
Add() method, so you don't need to be concerned with the details.
The load factor influences the overall size of the hash table and the expected number of probes needed on a collision. A high load factor, which allows for a relatively dense hash table, requires less space but more probes on collisions than a sparsely dense hash table. Without getting into the rigors of the analysis, the expected number of probes needed when a collision occurs is at most 1 / (1 – lf), where lf is the load factor.
As aforementioned, Microsoft has tuned the Hashtable to use a default load factor of 0.72. Therefore, for you can expect on average 3.5 probes per collision. Because this estimate does not vary based on the number of items in the Hashtable, the asymptotic access time for a Hashtable is O(1), which beats the pants off of the O(n) search time for an array.
Finally, realize that expanding the Hashtable is not an inexpensive operation. Therefore, if you have an estimate as to how many items you're Hashtable will end up containing, you should set the Hashtable's initial capacity accordingly in the constructor so as to avoid unnecessary expansions. allows direct, random access to its elements, both the Queue and Stack limit how elements can be accessed.
The Queue uses a FIFO strategy, or first in, first out. That is, the order with which items can be removed from the Queue is precisely the order with which they were added to the Queue. To provide these semantics, the Queue offers two methods:
Enqueue() and
Dequeue(). Queues are useful data structures for job processing or other tasks where the order with which the items are processed is based by the order in which they were received. Hashtable extends the ArrayList by allowing items to be indexed by an arbitrary key, as opposed to indexed by an ordinal value. If you plan on searching the array by a specific unique key, it is much more efficient to use a Hashtable instead, as the lookups by key value occur in constant time as opposed to linear time. The Dictionary class provides a type-safe Hashtable, with an alternate collision resolution strategy.
This completes the second installment of this article series. In the third part we'll look at binary search trees, a data structure that provides O(log n) search time. Like Hashtables, binary search trees are an ideal choice over arrays if you know you will be searching the data frequently.
Until next time, Happy Programming!,. | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/ms379571(v=vs.80) | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | refinedweb | 3,547 | 61.16 |
Display input text backwards[code]#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
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Help me about speech to textOK. forget add Persian language. i want library work on Linux, mac and windows
i think library bette...
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David Goodger wrote (private mail):
> David Goodger wrote:
>
>> Felix Wiemann wrote:
>>
>>> Release 0.4.0: closed "Changes Since ..." section
>>
>> I would just call it "0.4". No need for the extra ".0".
>
> And why 0.4 anyway? Why not 0.3.7? If it's a major release,
> there should have been advance notice, which would have produced
> a flurry of last-minute checkins.
OK, that's true. Changed.
--
When replying to my email address, please ensure
that the mail header contains 'Felix Wiemann'.
Hi,
David Goodger:
> I tried running Docutils 0.3.5 with Python 2.4, but I can't reproduce
> this. Could you provide more details?
Sure. Go to the docutils-0.3.5 source directory and do this:
PYTHONPATH=3D. python2.4 tools/buildhtml.py --local --config=3Dtools/docuti=
ls.conf . spec spec/rst spec/howto docs docs/rst
Use python2.3 and it works.
This command is from the Debian build rules.
> It was only cosmetic, as far as I knew. This is the first I've heard
> of any problem with optparse and Docutils.
? Anthony Baxter (the Python release manager) said he's exchanged a few
mails on that topic (I don't remember whether he said with whom though).
--=20
Matthias Urlichs | {M:U} IT Design @ m-u-it.de | smurf@...
[Felix Wiemann]
> Update of /cvsroot/docutils/docutils
> In directory sc8-pr-cvs1.sourceforge.net:/tmp/cvs-serv941
>
> Modified Files:
> HISTORY.txt
> Log Message:
> Release 0.4.0: closed "Changes Since ..." section
I would just call it "0.4". No need for the extra ".0".
--
David Goodger <>
[Matthias Urlichs]
>> What is the problem with Python 2.4?
>> CVS HEAD of Docutils or Python?
>
> docutils.
>
> The problem was with optparse. The change from CVS commented ...
>
> made 'validator' a normal keyword for options (just a cosmetic
> change)
>
> ... made docutils work with Python 2.4.
I tried running Docutils 0.3.5 with Python 2.4, but I can't reproduce
this. Could you provide more details?
> It seems you have some strange ideas about the meaning of the word
> "cosmetic". ;-)
It was only cosmetic, as far as I knew. This is the first I've heard
of any problem with optparse and Docutils.
--
David Goodger <>
Hi,
David Goodger:
> That's cool. I recently received some Ubuntu CDs and have already
> distributed several.
>=20
Good for you. ;-)
> >Unfortunately we also would like to ship Python 2.4. The two
> >currently don't like each other. CVS HEAD works.
>=20
> What is the problem with Python 2.4?
> CVS HEAD of Docutils or Python?
docutils.
The problem was with optparse. The change from CVS commented ...
made 'validator' a normal keyword for options (just a cosmetic change)
=2E.. made docutils work with Python 2.4. It seems you have some strange
ideas about the meaning of the word "cosmetic". ;-)
--=20
Matthias Urlichs | {M:U} IT Design @ m-u-it.de | smurf@...
[Felix Wiemann]
>>> Should they [plugins] be activated in the reST document? Like::
>>> .. use:: itex
>>> (Or "plugin" or "import" instead of "use".)
[Beni Cherniavsky]
>> Let me add ``require`` to the alternatives.
[Felix Wiemann]
> ``require`` looks fine.
+1
What happens if a required extension isn't installed?
>> I'm not sure which is best. First we should decide whether the name
>> in the directive names a given plugin (then it's hard to have
>> multiple plugins implementing the same feature) or a given reST
>> extension
>
> I agree that it should refer to an extension [1]_, not a plugin,
> also because a plugin can contain multiple extensions.
>
> .. [1] Though a Docutils, not a reST extension. :-)
+1
Each extension in a plugin module would have the equivalent of
Emacs-Lisp's "provide". A plugin module could look something like
this:
def my_role(role, rawtext, text, lineno, inliner,
options={}, content=[]):
...
def my_extension(publisher):
# check for applicable component here?
publisher.parser.register_local_role('my_role', my_role)
docutils_extensions = {'my_extension': my_extension}
"install_plugins" could be a method of the Publisher, called in
docutils.core.publish_cmdline & .publish_programmatically, immediately
before the calls to pub.publish.
>>> IMO that would be better, because such a directive (like "use")
>>> indicates that a plugin is needed.
>>
>> On one hand, it's important to have a hint in the document for the
>> plugins needed to process it. On the other hand, I see at least
>> some of these plugins being integrated into docutils core as they
>> mature and then such a statement would become redudant. The ``from
>> __future__`` approach in Python seems good: after becoming
>> built-in, the directive is allowed and ignored.
>
> +1.
+1. That means that we'd have to maintain a list of extensions that
have become built-ins though. Not a biggie.
--
David Goodger <>
[Beni Cherniavsky]
> I'm working on a normal implementaion of my math hacks as directives
> and roles in the sandbox. It made me think of several issues:
>
> 1. A directive to set the default role is needed. What should be
> the scope? I presume effecting the rest of the file is simplest
> to implement and understand.
It should affect the remainder of the current document, since a
document may consist of several included files. Minor point.
> It should store that information somewhere on the parser,
> currently it's global.
True, +1.
> 2. The current implementation of the ``role::`` directive is broken:
> the new role is registered globally and lives until the python
> process exits. There is code in DocutilsTestSupport.py that
> masks this bug by flushing `roles._roles` before every document.
> This is not done by real code, only by testing (so
> e.g. buildhtml.py has a problem) and is a dirty approach anyway.
> And the same problem seems to happen with translations.
What do you mean about translations?
> I can see how to refactor the code into a class. My only
> question is what should `register_canonical_role()` and
> especially `register_local_role()` do?
They should be methods of the role registry object, and should modify
that object's attributes. The existing _role_registry dictionary
could hold the initial instance of a role registry object, which could
imitate a dictionary for backward compatibility.
> If an "application" should call `register_local_role()`, should
> it call on a roles registry object associated with a specific
> parser?
Yes, sounds good.
> How should the API look towards it?
An application "rolling its own" Publisher would have access to the
Publisher object and therefore to the Parser object and other
components. See my next message for a possible API.
An application using the publish_* convenience functions has no such
access though. Perhaps we should add an application callback function
to these functions' parameters (default none), so that applications
can have access to the underlying components. Thoughts?
> 3. The current state of affairs for sandbox implementations of
> directives and roles is that one must wrap them in a special
> writer. That's very problematic because if one wants to use two
> sanbox extensions at the same time, he needs to write a special
> writer. We need some kind of plugins mechanism.
+1
> Plugins should be selected by the user, not the document (for
> security reasons). It's best if they can be installed just by
> placing files somewhere;
+1. The location could be a runtime setting (set by config file or
command line option) with a reasonable default (what should that be?).
An environment variable too (DOCUTILS_PLUGINS_PATH)?
--
David Goodger <>
[Adrien Beau] wrote:
>>> I have noticed that several elements are written outside the main
>>> <div class="document">, notably <h1 class="title">, <h2
>>>, and <table class="docinfo">. This was not the
>>> case one year ago.
>>>
>>> What are the reasons for this change, if any?
[Felix Wiemann]
> Not sure. It doesn't look very logical to me, but maybe there *is*
> some reason. David?
I think it had to do with the publish_parts interface that was added
at PyCon DC 2004. The <div class="document"> wasn't being added in a
convenient position.
> The following patch reverts the behavior, so that <div
> really contains the whole document (except the
> footer):
>
> Index: html4css1.py
> ===================================================================
> RCS file: /cvsroot/docutils/docutils/docutils/writers/html4css1.py,v
> retrieving revision 1.142
> diff -u -r1.142 html4css1.py
> --- html4css1.py 26 Nov 2004 16:49:56 -0000 1.142
> +++ html4css1.py 18 Dec 2004 12:27:59 -0000
> @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
>
> def depart_document(self, node):
> self.fragment.extend(self.body)
> - self.body.insert(0, self.starttag(node, 'div',
CLASS='document'))
> + self.body_pre_docinfo.insert(0, self.starttag(node, 'div',
CLASS='document'))
> self.body.append('</div>\n')
>
> def visit_emphasis(self, node):
>
> It doesn't look too nice, because <div> and </div> are inserted in
> different lists (body_pre_docinfo and body), but it works. Any
My patch (just posted) works too, but with <div> appended to
body_prefix and </div> added to the beginning of body_suffix.
Seems a bit nicer, in that it's symmetrical. I don't *think*
there should be any problem with it.
--
David Goodger <>
[Felix Wiemann]
> Doing it now. Please stop committing changes to the trunk.
I have the patch below ready to check in. It does the following:
* Fixes the <div class="document"> issue that Adrien Beau raised, in a
"nicer" way IMHO than your proposed patch.
* Changes body-level images to be wrapped by their own <div> elements,
with image classes copied to the wrapper.
* Adds class="align-left" to images with ":align: left", etc. This is
useful for stylesheets.
Is it too late for the release to check this in? All it needs is an
accompanying change to the functional expected output.
-- David Goodger
Index: docutils/writers/html4css1.py
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/docutils/docutils/docutils/writers/html4css1.py,v
retrieving revision 1.142
diff -u -r1.142 html4css1.py
--- docutils/writers/html4css1.py 26 Nov 2004 16:49:56 -0000 1.142
+++ docutils/writers/html4css1.py 22 Dec 2004 18:31:12 -0000
@@ -583,8 +583,8 @@
def depart_document(self, node):
self.fragment.extend(self.body)
- self.body.insert(0, self.starttag(node, 'div', CLASS='document'))
- self.body.append('</div>\n')
+ self.body_prefix.append(self.starttag(node, 'div',
CLASS='document'))
+ self.body_suffix.insert(0, '</div>\n')
def visit_emphasis(self, node):
self.body.append('<em>')
@@ -826,14 +826,20 @@
if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.TextElement):
self.context.append('')
else:
- if atts.has_key('align'):
- self.body.append('<p align="%s">' %
- (self.attval(atts['align'],)))
- else:
- self.body.append('<p>')
- self.context.append('</p>\n')
+ div_atts = self.image_div_atts(node)
+ self.body.append(self.starttag({}, 'div', '', **div_atts))
+ self.context.append('</div>\n')
self.body.append(self.emptytag(node, 'img', '', **atts))
+ def image_div_atts(self, image_node):
+ div_atts = {'class': 'image'}
+ if image_node.attributes.has_key('class'):
+ div_atts['class'] += ' ' + image_node.attributes['class']
+ if image_node.attributes.has_key('align'):
+ div_atts['align'] =
self.attval(image_node.attributes['align'])
+ div_atts['class'] += ' align-%s' % div_atts['align']
+ return div_atts
+
def depart_image(self, node):
self.body.append(self.context.pop())
@@ -1040,9 +1046,12 @@
def visit_reference(self, node):
if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.TextElement):
self.context.append('')
- else:
- self.body.append('<p>')
- self.context.append('</p>\n')
+ else: # contains an image
+ assert len(node) == 1 and isinstance(node[0], nodes.image)
+ div_atts = self.image_div_atts(node[0])
+ div_atts['class'] += ' image-reference'
+ self.body.append(self.starttag({}, 'div', '', **div_atts))
+ self.context.append('</div>\n')
href = ''
if node.has_key('refuri'):
href = node['refuri']
[Alan G Isaac]
> Are en dashes and em dashes truly "esoteric" characters?
Any non-native characters, i.e. characters that cannot be encoded in
the particular encoding you have chosen for your documents (ASCII,
Latin-1, etc.), are esoteric. If you can't type it directly, it's
esoteric.
> This decision really works against the readability goals in reST.
What's the alternative?
> (The suggested substitution definitions are real visual
> interruptions, and using Unicode has its own difficulties.)
Docutils uses Unicode internally, regardless. Perhaps you meant
UTF-8? And what are those difficulties, exactly?
So use some other encoding which *can* represent en- and em-dashes
natively.
--
David Goodger <>
On Thu, 23 Dec 2004, Felix Wiemann apparently wrote:
> * The LaTeX writer now escapes consecutive dashes (like "--" or "---")
> so that they are no longer transformed by LaTeX to en or em dashes.
> If you want to write en or em dashes using pure ASCII, please refer to
> <>.
Are en dashes and em dashes truly "esoteric" characters?
This decision really works against the readability goals in reST.
(The suggested substitution definitions are real visual interruptions,
and using Unicode has its own difficulties.)
Alan Isaac
[Matthias Urlichs]
> we (i.e. Ubuntu) would reaslly like to ship a released version of
> docutils in our next release.
That's cool. I recently received some Ubuntu CDs and have already
distributed several.
> Unfortunately we also would like to ship Python 2.4. The two
> currently don't like each other. CVS HEAD works.
What is the problem with Python 2.4?
CVS HEAD of Docutils or Python?
--
David Goodger <>
[Felix Wiemann]
> For the announcement mails, a list of major changes:
>
> * A special "line block" syntax has been added; see
^
I'd add something like "useful for addresses, verse, and other cases
of significant line breaks".
> Anything else I should mention?
* A directive has been added for compound paragraphs.
* Many other improvements & bug fixes.
--
David Goodger <>
Felix Wiemann wrote:
> I'd be fine with releasing 0.3.7 pretty soon.
Doing it now. Please stop committing changes to the trunk. I'll
announce the end of the checkin freeze here.
For the announcement mails, a list of major changes:
* A special "line block" syntax has been added; see
<> and
<>.
* Empty sections are now allowed.
* A "raw" role has been added; see
<>.
* The LaTeX writer now escapes consecutive dashes (like "--" or "---")
so that they are no longer transformed by LaTeX to en or em dashes.
If you want to write en or em dashes using pure ASCII, please refer to
<>.
* A dependency recorder has been added; see
<>.
Anything else I should mention?
--
When replying to my email address, please ensure
that the mail header contains | https://sourceforge.net/p/docutils/mailman/docutils-develop/?viewmonth=200412&viewday=23 | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | refinedweb | 2,298 | 61.63 |
Welcome to Tech Rando! In this tutorial, I will walk you through using the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) online application programming interface (API) to pull data directly into Python for data analysis.
First, to use the EIA’s API, you’ll need to register on its Open Data page, using the following link:.
You will be taken to a registration form that you’ll need to fill out, as shown below:
You will receive an email from the EIA in your inbox containing an API key that you will use to access the data via Python.
Now, you’ll need to install the EIA_python package. Open the Command Prompt or Conda Prompt (depending on where you perform your ‘pip’ installs), and type the following to install the package:
pip install EIA_python
Once the package is installed, you’re ready to access the EIA data via Python!
The EIA_python package cleans up a lot of the nasty data cleaning required when data is pulled directly via the EIA API—mainly, the data is already converted from its initial JSON format and returned in a beautiful Pandas dataframe format.
The EIA offers hundreds of time series options via its API. Each time series has a unique Series ID that is referenced when pulling data into Python. A catalog of available time series (with specific Series IDs) can be accessed via the following webpage: .
For this tutorial, we’re going to focus on pulling yearly CO2 emissions in my home state of Texas. The specific series that I’m going to pull is for the total carbon dioxide emissions from all sectors related to natural gas, in the state of Texas (see this site as reference). The Series ID for this time series is EMISS.CO2-TOTV-TT-NG-TX.A.
The Python script for pulling this time series is below (also available via my Github account):
import eia import pandas as p main(): """ Run main script """ #Create EIA API using your specific API key api_key = "YOUR API KEY HERE" api = eia.API(api_key) #Declare desired series ID series_ID='EMISS.CO2-TOTV-TT-NG-TX.A' df=retrieve_time_series(api, series_ID) #Print the returned dataframe df print(df) if __name__== "__main__": main() """ Total CO2 emissions from all sectors, natural gas, TX (million metric tons CO2) 1980 214.237163 1981 205.069396 1982 177.723591 1983 169.059890 1984 180.060660 1985 178.186725 1986 167.965480 1987 173.925345 1988 185.375988 1989 195.629601 1990 195.024469 1991 191.806929 1992 188.455361 1993 196.532143 1994 193.195241 1995 200.739390 1996 212.532702 1997 210.401856 1998 217.578472 1999 205.526470 2000 227.249651 2001 219.856674 2002 223.234514 2003 209.561714 2004 202.191500 2005 181.055064 2006 180.434067 2007 184.506801 2008 185.778455 2009 177.408633 2010 186.222804 2011 191.900939 2012 200.310049 2013 208.881640 2014 204.718832 2015 215.814051 2016 209.689272 """
Let’s break down what this simple script means. From the main() block, the api_key (taken from the registration email) and the series_ID variables are declared. An API object is created using the api_key variable. Then, using the retrieve_time_series() function, a Pandas dataframe for the specific series_ID is generated and returned.
As always, thanks for reading! If you’re interested in using other energy data sets in Python, visit some of my other tutorials:
[…]… […]
[…] For more background on setting up EIA API access in Python, check out this tutorial:… […]
[…] For more background on setting up EIA API access in Python, check out this tutorial:… […]
[…] can be pulled directly into Python via the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) API (see this tutorial for more background on using the EIA’s API). A snapshot of the time series is shown below, […] | https://techrando.com/2019/06/26/how-to-use-the-eia-api-to-pull-live-data-directly-into-python/ | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | refinedweb | 632 | 78.65 |
To make it simle, I am trying the small examples for the Ethernet Library, currently the one that make a google search. I have changed it to use fixed ip (10.0.0.9) instead of DHCP.
I have changed it to use fixed ip (10.0.0.9)
I am running Linux.
I am using the shield on a Duemilanove which is quite old, is that a problem?
The shield is connected to the router.
#include <SPI.h>#include <Ethernet.h>byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };void setup(){ Serial.begin(9600); // disable SD SPI if memory card in the uSD slot pinMode(4,OUTPUT); digitalWrite(4,HIGH); Serial.println("Starting w5100..."); if(!Ethernet.begin(mac)) Serial.println("failed"); else Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());}void loop() {}
QuoteThe shield is connected to the router.Does the router know about the Arduino? Can you ping the Arduino?
No to both.
the weird thing is that I actually twice did get a succesful connection out of now perhaps 200 attemtps.
I also tried changing the MAC address to the same value as my PC but there was no light in the COLL lamp.
Never do that. It will cause a fail. Like ip addresses, the mac addresses on the localnet must be unique. Otherwise it will not be able to connect to anything.
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Arduino
via Egeo 16
Torino, 10131
Italy | http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=141763.0 | CC-MAIN-2016-30 | refinedweb | 258 | 69.79 |
I’m a big fan of Swift 3. There’s a bunch of relatively small syntax changes that make the language more consistent. The most important of these is certainly the consistent handling of parameter labels in functions (yay!). Another small change I really like is that the
@warn_unused_result behavior is now the default. It’s one of those little things that make it harder to screw up unless you explicitly opt in. The biggest modification to the standard library is the new indexing model for collections.
From an app developer’s perspective, however, the biggest changes are how Swift imports Objective-C code (including Apple’s Cocoa frameworks) and the fantastic improvements Apple has made to Foundation and other frameworks to make using them in Swift feel more natural:
The Grand Renaming
The Grand Renaming is the automatic (with optional manual adjustments) application of the Swift API naming guidelines by the C and Objective-C importer. The names of most Cocoa APIs will be more concise in Swift, removing “needless” words that duplicate information that is already present in argument and return types.
Foundation value types
Many Foundation data types are now exposed in Swift as value types, dropping the
NS prefix and behaving as you would expect. The value types bridge to their Objective-C counterparts, just like
NSArray,
NSDictionary,
NSSet,
NSString, and
NSNumber already do.
I love the rationale Apple gives in SE-0069 for doing.
Type-safe string constants
Stringly-typed Objective-C constants can be annotated to be imported into Swift as enums or structs, providing type safety and namespacing without losing the ability to add new constants to an existing “namespace”. This may not sound like much, but I think this change is actually one of the most beneficial in day-to-day use, if only because code completion becomes more accurate.
Apple has added the necessary annotations to many (all?) of their frameworks. For example,
NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian becomes
Calendar.Identifier.gregorian, and
UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification is now
NSNotification.Name.UIApplicationDidFinishLaunching.
Type-safe selectors and key paths
There is a new syntax for Objective-C selectors and key paths that can be checked for typos by the compiler. No more string literals!
Import C functions as methods
C functions can be annotated to be imported as methods, providing an object-oriented interface that feels completely natural in Swift. Apple has adopted this in Core Graphics. SE-0044 mentions the importer’s ability to infer these mappings automatically on an opt-in basis. I haven’t investigated this, but this could mean that existing C libraries could adopt this with minimal effort.
Swiftified Dispatch API
The GCD API has been thoroughly revamped for Swift.
I love all of these changes. Taken together, they go a long way in bringing Cocoa closer to idiomatic Swift.1 If you had told me in 2014 it would take Apple only two years to turn their frameworks into (almost) first-class Swift citizens, I don’t think I would have believed it.
The migration from Swift 2 to Swift 3 will probably be painful, but I think it will be worth it (and we don’t have a choice anyway, do we?). Almost every line in your code that calls into a Cocoa API will have to change, and the lack of ABI stability means that you have to make the switch at the same time for all your dependencies. The Swift 3 migrator in Xcode 8 should be able to handle most of the grunt work, and the fact that the compiler knows about the old names is also a big help. If you don’t know the new name of an API, simply type the old name and apply the fix-it.
To learn more about the API design guidelines and how Apple has applied them to their frameworks, watch sessions 403 (Swift API Design Guidelines) and 207 (What’s New in Foundation for Swift). They are both excellent.
Open-source Swift
None of the changes I mention in this article were revealed at WWDC. On the contrary, they have been developed in the open during the past six months, and Apple has actively asked for and listened to input from the community. The Swift Evolution process is a great gift to the developer community, whether we actively participate in it or just read along.2
Imagine for a moment Apple had not open-sourced Swift, or that they had open-sourced it but continued development behind closed doors. We would not have known about any of the changes before WWDC, nor would we have had the opportunity to voice our opinion about them. Who knows if Swift 3 would have turned out as well as it has?
Meanwhile, not surprisingly for a young language, the notion of what constitutes “idiomatic” Swift has shifted in the past and may continue to do so. ↩︎
Reading every message on the mailing list is a huge time investment that few people can afford. I recommend you subscribe to Jesse Squires’s Swift Weekly Brief. Jesse does a great job summarizing the most important discussions and new proposals. Or just look at new proposals directly in the Swift Evolution repository from time to time. ↩︎ | https://oleb.net/blog/2016/06/swift-3/?utm_campaign=Swift%20Weekly&utm_medium=email&utm_source=Revue%20newsletter | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | refinedweb | 870 | 60.75 |
2 Feb 2005 16:05
RE: FW: DISCUSS: draft-ietf-entmib-v3-07.txt
Wijnen, Bert (Bert <bwijnen <at> lucent.com>
2005-02-02 15:05:06 GMT
2005-02-02 15:05:06 GMT
Can the author/editor and/or the WG react please. I need (if possible) an answer by tomorrow (Thursday) 11am US eastern at the latest (that is, if we want to try and get this approved this week). Bert > -----Original Message----- > From: entmib-bounces <at> ietf.org > [mailto:entmib-bounces <at> ietf.org]On Behalf > Of Wijnen, Bert (Bert) > Sent: Tuesday, February 01, 2005 01:05 > To: Entmib-wg (E-mail) > Subject: [Entmib] FW: DISCUSS: draft-ietf-entmib-v3-07.txt > > > Feedback from IESG > > -----Original Message----- > From: iesg-bounces <at> ietf.org [mailto:iesg-bounces <at> ietf.org]On Behalf Of > Ted Hardie > Sent: Monday, January 31, 2005 23:28 > To: iesg <at> ietf.org > Subject: DISCUSS: draft-ietf-entmib-v3-07.txt > > > Minor, but should be fixed. The document currently says: > > entPhysicalUris OBJECT-TYPE > SYNTAX OCTET STRING > MAX-ACCESS read-write > STATUS current > DESCRIPTION > "This object contains additional identification > information > about the physical entity. The object contains URIs and > therefore the syntax of this object must conform to RFC > 2396, section 2. > > Multiple URIs may be present and are separated by white > space characters. Leading and trailing white space > characters are ignored. > > If no additional identification information is known or > supported about the physical entity the object is not > instantiated. A zero length octet string may also be > returned in this case." > REFERENCE > "RFC 2396, Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic > Syntax, section 2, August 1998." > > This should be updated to the new URI RFC and a pointer to the > appropriate syntax restrictions. This text also does not limit > the types of URIs which may be present. If they are limited, > an enumerated list should be included. > > The document also uses "CLEI URI" to refer to a URN in the CLEI > namespace. That's technically correct, but it would be easier > to understand if CLEI URN was used. Here's an example: > > The entPhysicalUris object may be used to encode for > example a URI > containing a Common Language Equipment Identifier (CLEI) URI for > the managed physical entity. The URN name space for CLEIs is > defined in [RFC CLEIURN], and the CLEI format is defined in > [T1.213][T1.213a]. > > Simply swapping out (CLEI) URI for (CLEI) URN would be fine. > > _______________________________________________ > Entmib mailing list > Entmib <at> ietf.org > > | http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.entmib/546 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | refinedweb | 413 | 58.38 |
Mobx-State-Tree - Assign to Array Type
mobx-state-tree examples
mobx observable array
mobx-state-tree typescript
mobx-state-tree getenv
mobx-state-tree compose
mobx-state-tree types object
mobx-state-tree flow
I have this basic model.
const stuff = types.model({ term: types.string, excludeTerm: types.string, stores: types.array(types.string) }).actions(self => ({ setTerm(term: string) { self.term = term }, setExcludeTerm(term: string) { self.excludeTerm = term }, setStores(stores: string[]) { self.stores = stores // <<< the lint error is on this line } }))
I get the following TS Lint error:
Type 'string[]' is not assignable to type 'IMSTArray<ISimpleType<string>> & IStateTreeNode<IArrayType<ISimpleType<string>>>'.
Type 'string[]' is missing the following properties from type 'IMSTArray<ISimpleType<string>>': spliceWithArray, observe, intercept, clear, and 4 more.ts(2322)
This is an annoying error. I can fix it by assigning like this:
(self as any).stores = stores but I want to stop doing hacks to my code.
The question is why I get this error? Is there another way to assign to an array type in mobx-state-tree?
I couldn't find in mobx-state-tree a more detailed documenation for working with arrays. Does anyone know any?
The solution is to use cast:
import { cast } from "mobx-state-tree" // ..... self.stores = cast(stores)
This is because MST enables snapshots to be assigned to actual values, and automatically converts them. This doesn't just apply to arrays, but to all types of values. However, typescript doesn't have support for an assignment to be more narrow that the thing it is being assigned to, which is the reason the cast is needed.
cast doesn't do anything, but it helps TS to figure out that this assignment is valid
How to Make An Array Type? � Issue #856 � mobxjs/mobx-state-tree , Hi I am having problems with making an array type. I am trying to make a step wizard and I want keep track of the state in Mbox. import { types }� These are the types available in MST. All types can be found in the types namespace, e.g. types.string. Complex types. types.model(properties, actions) Defines a "class like" type with properties and actions to operate on the object. types.array(type) Declares an array of the specified type. types.map(type) Declares a map of the specified type.
You can use
self.stores.replace(stores)
Here are the docs for MST, these are really the only docs I have seen out there:
There is also a function
setLivelinessCheck('error') that helps a lot with debugging locally to see errors that may occur. It is in the list of API Overview functions:
Types overview � MobX-state-tree, array and types.map are wrapped in types.optional by default, with [] and {} set as their default values, respectively. The types.model type declaration is used to describe the shape of an object. Other built-in types include arrays, maps, primitives, etc. See the types overview. Creating models. egghead.io lesson 1: Describe Your Application Domain Using mobx-state-tree(MST) Models
Array in MST is not a usual array, it's a complex type -
IMSTArray<ISimpleType<string>>, so TS lint error that you get is fully expected. In my opinion though, it is definitely not intuitively justified (and frightening for newcomers).
The way you solve it is not a hack, but I'd say the only simple way around it.
Identifiers and references � MobX-state-tree, types.model({ id: types.identifier, title: types.string }) const TodoStore = types. model({ todos: types.array(Todo), selectedTodo: types.reference(Todo) }) // create � Solution with Mobx State Tree: The array should be created as a types.array, actually, this type is an observable array, so all the array’s values are made observable too.
mobx-state-tree, Type validation result, which is an array of type validation errors Casts a node instance type to a reference snapshot type so it can be assigned to a refernence � This tutorial will introduce you to the basics of mobx-state-tree (MST) by building a TODO application. The application will also have the ability to assign each TODO to a user.
Types, models, trees & state � MobX-state-tree, import { types } from "mobx-state-tree" // declaring the shape of a node with the type `Todo` const Todo Other built-in types include arrays, maps, primitives, etc . mobx-state-tree. Opinionated, transactional, MobX powered state container combining the best features of the immutable and mutable world for an optimal DX. Mobx and MST are amazing pieces of software, for me it is the missing brick when you build React based apps. Thanks for the great work! Getting started
Getting Started Tutorial � MobX-state-tree, The application will also have the ability to assign each TODO to a user. mistakes, like putting a string in price field or a boolean where an array is expected. import { types } from "mobx-state-tree" const Todo = types.model({ name: "", done:� Error: [mobx-state-tree] expected a mobx-state-tree type as first argument, got function array #717 Closed corysimmons opened this issue Mar 20, 2018 · 8 comments
- Thanks. Where can I find the available methods on MST arrays? Are there any docs?
- I recently had another error where pushing a new value to a volatile array was not triggering react to update so I really think some docs would be useful.
- I have updated my answer with the docs. For the react updating after a change in the tree, how are you using this with your react components? Are you using a
Providerand the mobx-react packages
observer? | https://thetopsites.net/article/55689302.shtml | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | refinedweb | 929 | 58.48 |
score:25
You can use
wrapper.getDOMNode()
score:0
You can use soemething like :
const dialog = component.find(Modal); let modal = dialog.node._modal; modal.getDialogElement().querySelector('#saveBtn')
based on the test for Modal in react-bootstrap web site
score:0
If you want to print out whole DOM,
const wrapper = shallow(<MyComponent/>); console.log("DOM tree for humans", wrapper.text());
score:1
If you create a DOM using jsdom, something like this:
import jsdom from 'jsdom'; const doc = jsdom.jsdom('<!doctype html><html><body></body></html>'); global.document = doc; global.window = doc.defaultView;
Then you can use enzyme's mount() to render whatever you wish to test.
You can then assert against the style you are looking for:
expect(wrapper).to.have.style("display", "none");
score:6
I ran into this same problem. In my case, I was testing something built with
react-aria-modal, which renders the overlay div in a different part of the DOM than the initial element rendered with
mount(). In order to test that this renders properly, I needed to look more globally at the DOM. For this, I used the
attachTo option of
render() to ensure that my test DOM looks like it should in a real browser. Here is a good general description of the technique from the docs.
Depending on what you need, you can use Tyler Collier's approach for more local parts of the DOM (
findDOMNode using
instance()) or mine for a more global view.
Here's a sample spec for my use case, showing how to setup/use/teardown the mock DOM:
import MyModalComponent from '../components/my-modal-component' import React from 'react' import { jsdom } from 'jsdom' import { mount } from 'enzyme' describe('<MyModalComponent /> Component', function(){ let wrapper beforeEach(function(){ window.document = jsdom('') document.body.appendChild(document.createElement('div')) }) afterEach(function(){ wrapper.detach() window.document = jsdom('') }) it('renders the modal closed by default', () => { wrapper = mount( <MyModalComponent prop1={"foo"} prop2={"bar"} />, { attachTo: document.body.firstChild } ) expect(wrapper.html()).to.contain('Content in component') expect(document.body.innerHTML).to.not.contain('Content in overlay') }) })
score:13
Perhaps you are looking for enzyme's instance()?
const wrapper = mount(<input type="text" defaultValue="hello"/>) console.log(wrapper.instance().value); // 'hello'
PS:
instance() should give you a
ReactComponent, from which you can use ReactDOM.findDOMNode(ReactComponent) to get a DOMNode. However, when I did that, like the following, it was the exact same object as
wrapper.instance():
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom' const wrapper = mount(<input type="text" defaultValue="sup"/>) console.log(ReactDOM.findDOMNode(wrapper.instance()) == wrapper.instance()) // true
I don't understand why that is. If you
console.log() either one of those, you'll see a
HTMLInputElement, but it will contain lots of non-native DOM node looking stuff:
HTMLInputElement { '__reactInternalInstance$yt1y6akr6yldi': ReactDOMComponent { _currentElement: { '$$typeof': Symbol(react.element), type: 'input', key: null, ref: null, props: [Object], _owner: [Object], _store: {} },
Source: stackoverflow.com
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- Sentry for micro frontends | https://www.appsloveworld.com/reactjs/100/8/how-to-check-the-actual-dom-node-using-react-enzyme | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | refinedweb | 1,259 | 54.22 |
This
The main function for this is bitSyn, which is a template function and
so you'll need to run with -fth to enable template haskell. This function expands at the place where its
used and includes references to functions by name, so those references need
to resolve at the point of use. To make sure that happens you'll need:
import BitSyntax
import qualified Data.ByteString as BS], _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _) =
if hlen > 5
then BS.splitAt (fromIntegral ((hlen - 5) * 4)) bs
else .
The need to have the correct functions in scope (as pointed out above) is a
problem. | http://hackage.haskell.org/package/BitSyntax-0.2/docs/Data-BitSyntax.html | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | refinedweb | 106 | 79.6 |
Key:verge
Indicates the presence of road verges] on highways.
Road verges are strips of low vegetation, consisting of grasses and forbs, alongside the carriageway of a highway. In urban areas verges are situated, at least in part, between the carriageway and sidewalks and are usually maintained at a low height through regular mowing. In rural areas verges can be wider than in towns, and may obscure other features along the road, such as ditches. Countryside verges will be cut less frequently and can be significant conservation resources. Verges are usually flat or slope gently away from the road. Be careful not to map road banks (as found in hollow lanes) as verges: these are not useful for pedestrian shelter or parking.
Mapping whether a highway has verges is of interest for the following reasons:
- Rural roads without sidewalks sidewalk=none may be dangerous for walkers unless verges provide a suitable place to shelter from on-coming traffic. Pedestrian routers may wish to penalise segements without sidewalks or verges.
- Existence of verges may indicate scope for informal parking of cars in rural areas.
- Provide additional information to facilitate routing for mobility-impaired pedestrians in urban areas. Verges are often not navigable for wheelchair and mobility scooter users, and their presence or absence will affect how blind people navigate.
- Indicate apparent amenity value of the streetscape. Verges in urban areas are usually regarded as an amenity, see also tree-lined=*
Contents
Usage
On Highways
Tag a highway way with verge=* if it has a shoulder, and verge=none if it lacks any. The key should be used in exactly the same way as sidewalk=*. In the main the key is used to provide additional information to be used in conjunction with sidewalk data.
You may find it useful to tag roads with verge=none if it might be otherwise assumed to have verges. In Britain, for example, a reasonable default assumption is that all roads in towns lack verges, and all roads in rural areas have verges. The most useful cases for adding the tag are for roads where both sidewalks & verges are absent.
If there is a verge on just one side of the road, there are two possible ways of tagging:
- verge=[yes|none|left|right|both]
- verge[:left|:right|:both]=[yes|no] (not currently in use).
On Verges as Areas
If the actual verges have themselves been mapped, for instance with landuse=grass or leisure=nature_reserve, then adding verge=yes in conjunction with verge=separate on the adjacent highway helps show that the grassland feature belongs in the highway corridor.
Refinement
You may want to add further details of the shoulder using normal tags, suitably namespaced. Here are some examples of tags that are in use:
- verge:width=4
- verge:access:motorcar=no when parking on the verge is expressly prohibited.
.
If the shoulders are different on both sides of the road, consider using the :left/:right suffixes in the keys:
Verges & Sidewalk Mapping
There are two distinct ways of mapping sidewalks: as a single tag on the highway; or as separate highway=footway ways either side of the main highway. Either technique has advantages & disadvantages when compared with the other, and these apply both to mappers & data consumers. Historically, it has been recommended that sidewalks separated from the carriageway by verges should be mapped as separate ways. It is not clear that this practice is universal, but is common, for instance in Russia. When all sidewalks, whether with a verge of not, are mapped as separate ways then the presence of absence of verges needs to be made more explicit.
For a separately mapped sidewalk which runs within the verge, it may be appropriate to apply the tag directly to the footway itself.
History
This tag was first used in 2009 by SK53 to explicitly capture detail on a minor road which personal experience showed was dangerous for pedestrians. | https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:verge | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | refinedweb | 652 | 58.82 |
Why you Should not use a Class as a Namespace in Rails Applications
This is a guest post by Junichi Ito (@jnchito). Junichi is a Ruby programmer at SonicGarden.jp, translator of Everyday Rails Testing with RSpec, and one of the most popular Ruby writers/bloggers in Japan
TL;DR
If you use a class as a namespace, it can produce a bug that doesn’t always show up on the surface. You should different names for your model class and your namespace in Rails applications.
class Staff < ApplicationRecord end # Shoud not use class as namespace class Staff::ItemsController < ApplicationController end # Should use a different name for namespace class Staffs::ItemsController < ApplicationController end
Hidden bug with a class name as a namespace
You can use both classes and modules as a namespace. But if you use a class, it might lead to unexpected behavior, especially in Rails applications.
For example, you have two classes called Item and Staff:
class Item < ApplicationRecord scope :published, -> { where(published: true) } end class Staff < ApplicationRecord end
You want to create two pages, one is for end users and the other is for staffs. End users can see published items only, but staffs can see all items. Then, you create these two controllers:
class ItemsController < ApplicationController def index @items = Item.published end end class Staff::ItemsController < ApplicationController def index @items = Item.all end end
But
Staff::ItemsControllersometimes works wrong. It might return only published items. Why? This problem is related to Ruby’s constant lookup rule.
For an explanation, I’ll use a simpler example. If you run the code below in irb, you can refer to
Staff::ItemsController without definition:
class Item; end class Staff; end class ItemsController; end # Refer to Staff::ItemsController without definition Staff::ItemsController # warning: toplevel constant ItemsController referenced by Staff::ItemsController #=> ItemsController
You can see that
Staff::ItemsControllerreturns
ItemsController. Here’s why:
- Top level constants always belong to an
Objectclass, so
ItemsControlleris equal to
Object::ItemsController.
- When
Staff::ItemsControlleris referred to, Ruby cannot find the constant
ItemsControllerin the
Staffclass. Then, Ruby tries to find it from the
Staffclass’s ancestors.
- You can confirm ancestor classes and modules with
Staff.ancestors. It returns
[Staff, Object, Kernel, BasicObject]in the sample code above.
- Ruby tries to find
ItemsControllerin the
Objectclass which is next to the
Staffclass in the ancestors array. Does the
Objectclass have
ItemsController? Yes, Ruby could find
ItemsControllersuccessfully, because
Object::ItemsControlleris already defined.
- But it might be a wrong lookup, so Ruby gives the warning “toplevel constant ItemsController referenced by Staff::ItemsController.” In fact, this case does not match our intention.
However, when
Staff::ItemsController is already defined,
Staff::ItemsController can be referred to not by
ItemsController, but by
Staff::ItemsController because Ruby can find
ItemsController in the
Staff class:
class Item; end class Staff; end class ItemsController; end class Staff::ItemsController; end # Refer Staff::ItemsController after definition Staff::ItemsController #=> Staff::ItemsController
When the application is run, sometimes
Staff::ItemsControllercan be referred to after definition and sometimes referred to before definition. The former leads to expected behavior and the latter leads to unexpected behavior. This is the hidden bug.
This problem can also occur in Rails applications. When you run
Staff.ancestors in the rails console, you can see a lot of classes and modules. But the
Object class does exist in ancestors. So this means that
Staff::ItemsController can refer to
Object::ItemsController when
Staff::ItemsController is not defined.
Use different names for your model class and your namespace
To avoid this problem, you should use different names for your model class and your namespace, for example,
Staffs::ItemsController.
If
Staffs::ItemsController is defined in the
app/controllers/staffs directory and the constant
Staffs is not defined yet, Rails defines the
Staffs module automatically. (This function is called “Automatic Modules”. Please see Rails Guides for details.)
When the namespace is a module, the constant lookup leads to different results from the class namespace, because the module does not have ancestors other than itself. Let us see the results in irb:
class Item; end class Staff; end class ItemsController; end module Staffs; end # Confirm Staffs module's ancestors Staffs.ancestors #=> [Staffs] # Refer to Staff::ItemsController without definition Staffs::ItemsController #=> NameError: uninitialized constant Staffs::ItemsController # Did you mean? ItemsController # from (irb):6 # from /Users/jit/.rbenv/versions/2.4.0/bin/irb:11:in `<main>'
This time,
Staffs::ItemsControllerwas considered to be an uninitialized constant. This is because the
Staffsmoduledoes not have
Objectin its ancestors. So Ruby won’t look up
Object::ItemsControllerand the constant lookup fails.
Rails can load Staffs::ItemsController without errors
In irb
Staffs::ItemsController is an uninitialized constant and Ruby produces an error, but this scenario is different in Rails applications. Rails implements the const_missing hook and tries to find
Staffs::ItemsController in
autoload_paths. If
Staffs::ItemsController is defined in autoload_paths like
app/controllers/staffs/, Rails can load
Staffs::ItemsController without any errors. Please see Autoloading and Reloading Constants in Rails Guides for details.
NOTE: The problem described in this post might be fixed in the future
The top-level constant lookup rule in Ruby might be changed in a future version, because the topic “remove top-level constant lookup” is being discussed here:
Please check it out if you are interested.
By Junichi Ito.
—
Have a Ruby/Rails case to share with the community? Let us know in the comments below!
Your RubyMine Team
3 Responses to Why you Should not use a Class as a Namespace in Rails Applications
PikachuEXE says:March 31, 2017
Yup to avoid this I have tried this too:
“`ruby
module Staffs
class ItemsController
end
end
“`
But in the end I try to do DDD instead:
“`ruby
# Apps::MyWebsite is just a namespace
# that should never be used by gems
# You can use whatever that works
#
# StaffItemListPage is how you name the page type (not route) internally
# Naming it is sometimes quite hard
# Also the URL does NOT represent the page type
# It can be moved to another URL later
#
# I also define one controller class per action like Hanami
module Apps::MyWebsite::StaffItemListPage::Show
class ActionController
end
end
“`
Ruby Inspector says:March 8, 2018
With the release of Ruby 2.5 this has been fixed. So go now and use classes as namespaces as much as you want. Yay!
Vasyl says:August 26, 2019
Thanks for the information. Could you please give some link to the source and details about this fix? | https://blog.jetbrains.com/ruby/2017/03/why-you-should-not-use-a-class-as-a-namespace-in-rails-applications/ | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | refinedweb | 1,071 | 53.81 |
Hi all,
I have a quick question about the database globalization. I have a database currently running on WE8ISO88559P1 and we want to convert to either UTF8 or WE8MSWIN1252?????
1. Is there any issue to do that ????
2. How, simply doing EXP/IMP????
thanks,
May depend on your db version.
8i or better should be OK. 8.0 supported it but had some nasty file creation problems.
Just make sure your exp/imp client's NLS_LANG is set right first.
The western european char set maps easily to utf8.
We did have one off-the-shelf application (SalesLogix - CRM) complain about UTF8, so we switched it back.
Best of Luck,
Last edited by KenEwald; 03-10-2004 at 02:48 PM.
"I do not fear computers. I fear the lack of them." Isaac Asimov
Oracle Scirpts DBA's need
Originally posted by KenEwald
We did have one off-the-shelf application (SalesLogix - CRM) complain about UTF8, so we switched it back.
thanks for your prompt reply.
what do you mean by one of your application complain about UTF8 and you have to swich it back??? What did you switch to???
Do you know any issues with changing the characterset to UTF8 or WE8MSWIN1252??????
Also, I read on Asktom and it said we may have to modify the plsql code as follow:
Your plsql routines may will have to change -- your data model may well have to
change.
You'll find that in utf, european characters (except ascii -- 7bit data) all
take 2 bytes. That varchar2(80) you have in your database? It might only hold
40 characters of eurpean data (or even less of other kinds of data). It is 80
bytes (you can use the new 9i syntax varchar2( N char ) -- it'll allocate in
characters, not bytes).
So, you could find your 80 character description field cannot hold 80
characters.
You might find that x := a || b; fails -- with string to long in your plsql code
due to the increased size.
You might find that your string intensive routines run slower (substr(x,1,80) is
no longer byte 1 .. byte 80 -- Oracle has to look through the string to find
where characters start and stop -- it is more complex)
chr(10) and chr(13) should work find, they are simple ASCII.
On clob -- same impact as on varchar2, same issues.
thanks
Last edited by learning_bee; 03-10-2004 at 02:58 PM.
We had to switch from UTF8 back to Western European (WE8ISO8859P1).
It's a packaged app, so we couldn't figure out what they were doing.
Come to think of it, we did have a problem with JDBC drivers and Thai character convertion. We upgraded the JDBC drivers to match the db version and that fixed it. (9.2.0.4)
Other than that, I don't know of any other character set conversion issues, but better check MetaLink for bugs on your specific version.
Best of luck, I'd be curious to know it goes.
kenwald,
thanks,
I am running some test now and this is what I do.
I export the WE8ISO88559P1 database, below is part of the exp log:
so I did create a new database and it's on UTF8, below is the part of my import:
import done in WE8ISO8859P1 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
import server uses UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion)
IMP-00046: using FILESIZE value from export file of 1992294400
look like Oracle does the data conversion it self, my import still running with no error yet. Assume the import finish, with no error on the log, will I lose the data at all ??? or I am ok
Sounds like you're on your way.
Yes the conversion is automatic.
If it can't convert you'll get an error that looks something like this:
INVALID CHARACTER ENCOUNTERED IN: FAILUTF8CONV
Not to worry, WE8 is a subset of UTF8, I'd be real suprised if you have any errors.
Kenwald,
thanks for all the input. I also did another test based on one of the post in asktom. Basically, I change the NLS_LANG on the client machine to UTF8 and do the export from there and I got the error:
IMP-00091 ...questionable statistics, I guess I can't do that b/c the database is on WE8ISO88559P1.
I've seen that before and it's never been a problem. I suppose the statistics would be questionable because rowsize calculations or something can't be accurately calculated.
Statistics can be re-generated easily enough.
-Ken
in addition to this thread, I also had the additional question about the NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS. Below is the query about the NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS:
PARAMETER VALUE
NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY AMERICA
NLS_CURRENCY $
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY AMERICA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,
NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8ISO8859P.2.0.4.0
as you see the data format was in DD-MON_RR, but when I do the query on sysdata from dual I got:
SYSDATE
3/11/2004 1:37:18.000 PM
the question is so where this sysdate is driven by??? b/c it's not the same as the data format in NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
right overwrites left:
NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS -> NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS -> NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
database comes from ?
instance comes from init.ora
session comes from alter session or dbms_session.set_nls
Forum Rules | http://www.dbasupport.com/forums/showthread.php?41787-ORA-01031-insufficient-privileges-message&goto=nextnewest | CC-MAIN-2015-18 | refinedweb | 876 | 73.58 |
TVectorT Template class of Vectors in the linear algebra package Unless otherwise specified, vector indices always start with 0, spanning up to the specified limit-1. For (n) vectors where n <= kSizeMax (5 currently) storage space is available on the stack, thus avoiding expensive allocation/ deallocation of heap space . However, this introduces of course kSizeMax overhead for each vector object . If this is an issue recompile with a new appropriate value (>=0) for kSizeMax Another way to assign and store vector data is through Use see for instance stressLinear.cxx file . Note that Constructors/assignments exists for all different matrix views For usage examples see $ROOTSYS/test/stressLinear.cxx
Set this vector to v1+v2
Resize the vector to [lwb:upb] . New dynamic elemenst are created, the overlapping part of the old ones are copied to the new structures, then the old elements are deleleted.
Get subvector [row_lwb..row_upb]; The indexing range of the returned vector depends on the argument option: option == "S" : return [0..row_upb-row_lwb+1] (default) else : return [row_lwb..row_upb]
Insert vector source starting at [row_lwb], thereby overwriting the part [row_lwb..row_lwb+nrows_source];
Keep only element as selected through array select non-zero
Notice that this assignment does NOT change the ownership : if the storage space was adopted, source is copied to this space .
Assign a matrix row to a vector.
Assign a matrix column to a vector.
Assign the matrix diagonal to a vector.
Assign a sparse matrix row to a vector. The matrix row is implicitly transposed to allow the assignment in the strict sense.
Assign a sparse matrix diagonal to a vector.
Assign val to every element of the vector.
Subtract val from every element of the vector.
Multiply every element of the vector with val.
Subtract vector source
"Inplace" multiplication target = A*target. A is symmetric . vector size will not change
Are all vector elements equal to val?
Are all vector elements not equal to val?
Are all vector elements <= val?
Are all vector elements >= val?
Check if vector elements as selected through array select are non-zero
Check if vector elements as selected through array select are all positive
randomize vector elements value
Access a vector element.
Access a vector element.
{ return (*this)(index); }
{ return (*this)(index); } | http://root.cern.ch/root/html/TVectorT_float_.html | crawl-003 | refinedweb | 375 | 51.04 |
Solution to some ADODB.Connection problems for SQL Server
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- By mLipok
I want to present BETA Version of my ADO.au3 UDF.
This is modifed version of _sql.au3 UDF.
For that I want to thanks : ; Chris Lambert, eltorro, Elias Assad Neto, CarlH
This is first public release , and still is as BETA
DOWNLOAD LINK (in download section):
Have fun,
mLipok
EDIT: 2016-06-03
Below some interesting topics about databases:
EDIT 2016/07/04:
For more info
- By Nas
Hi everyone,
I am trying to make a script that runs a query and show it to me to see if everything is right and then decide if I finish it or not so I made a little script as below :
#include <ADO.au3> #include <Array.au3> #include <MsgBoxConstants.au3> #include <AutoItConstants.au3> _ADO_EVENTS_SetUp(True) _ADO_ComErrorHandler_UserFunction(_ADO_COMErrorHandler) Local $sDriver = 'SQL Server' Local $sDatabase = 'DataBase' ; change this string to YourDatabaseName Local $sServer = 'Localhost' ; change this string to YourServerLocation Local $sConnectionString = 'DRIVER={' & $sDriver & '};SERVER=' & $sServer & ';DATABASE=' & $sDatabase & ';UID=' & ';PWD=' & ';' ;~ Global $Query = _ ;~ "BEGIN TRAN" & @CRLF & _ ;~ "UPDATE Table" & @CRLF & _ ;~ "SET HOUR = 4" & @CRLF & _ ;~ "WHERE CUST = 'TEST'" & @CRLF & _ ;~ "SELECT * FROM Table" & @CRLF & _ ;~ "WHERE CUST = 'TEST'" & @CRLF & _ ;~ "ROLLBACK TRAN" Global $Query = _ "BEGIN TRAN" & @CRLF & _ "SELECT * FROM Table" & @CRLF & _ "WHERE CUST = 'TEST'" & @CRLF & _ "ROLLBACK TRAN" _Query_Display($sConnectionString, $Query) Func _Query_Display(, 'Query Result') EndFunc ;==> _Query_Display When I ran this script it works great, but when I run the query below :
Global $Query = _ "BEGIN TRAN" & @CRLF & _ "UPDATE Table" & @CRLF & _ "SET HOUR = 4" & @CRLF & _ "WHERE CUST = 'TEST'" & @CRLF & _ "SELECT * FROM Table" & @CRLF & _ "WHERE CUST = 'TEST'" & @CRLF & _ "ROLLBACK TRAN" It doesn't show anything, when I take those begin and rollback it does what it should but still not showing me anything at all, is there a way around it that you know of?
Thank you.
- ).
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US20040194020A1 - Markup language and object model for vector graphics - Google PatentsMarkup language and object model for vector graphics Download PDF
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- Publication number
- US20040194020A1US20040194020A1 US10693633 US69363303A US2004194020A1 US 20040194020 A1 US20040194020 A1 US 20040194020A1 US 10693633 US10693633 US 10693633 US 69363303 A US69363303 A US 69363303A US 2004194020 A1 US2004194020 A1 US 2004194020A1
- Authority
- US
- Grant status
- Application
- Patent type
-
- Prior art keywords
- data
- scene graph
- method
- markup
-
An element object model and a vector graphics markup language for using that element object model in a manner that allows program code developers to consistently interface with a scene graph data structure to produce graphics. The vector graphics element object model generally corresponds to shape elements and other elements including image and video elements that correlate with a scene graph object model of the scene graph. Markup may be parsed into data including elements in an element tree that is translated into the objects of a scene graph data structure. Other markup may be translated directly into data and calls that create the scene graph objects. The markup language provides distinct ways to describe an element, including a simple string format or complex property syntax, which may be named, enabling reuse in other locations in the markup.
Description
- The present invention is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/401,717 filed Mar. 27, 2003.[0001]
- The invention relates generally to computer systems, and more particularly to the processing of graphical and other video information for display on computer systems. [0002]
-. [0003]
-. [0004]
-. [0005]
-. [0006]
-. [0007]
-. [0008]
-. [0009]
-. [0010]
-. [0011]
-. [0012]
- Other benefits and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which: [0013]
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram representing an exemplary computer system into which the present invention may be incorporated; [0014]
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram generally representing a graphics layer architecture into which the present invention may be incorporated; [0015]
- FIG. 3 is a representation of a scene graph of visuals and associated components for processing the scene graph such as by traversing the scene graph to provide graphics commands and other data in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0016]
- FIG. 4 is a representation of a scene graph of validation visuals, drawing visuals and associated Instruction Lists constructed in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0017]
- FIG. 5 is a representation of a visual class, of an object model, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0018]
- FIG. 6 is a representation of various other objects of the object model, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0019]
- FIG. 7 is a representation of a transform class hierarchy, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0020]
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are representations of transformations of a visual's data in a geometry scale and a non-uniform scale, respectively, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0021]
- FIG. 10 is a representation of geometry classes of the object model, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0022]
- FIG. 11 is a representation of a PathGeometry structure, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0023]
- FIG. 12 is a representation of a scene graph of visuals and Instruction Lists showing example graphics produced by the primitives, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0024]
- FIG. 13 is a representation of brush classes of the object model, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0025]
- FIGS. 14 and 15 are representations of rendered graphics resulting from data in a linear gradient brush object, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0026]
- FIG. 16 is a representation of rendered graphics resulting from data in a radial gradient brush object, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0027]
- FIG. 17 is a representation of a rendered nine grid brush object in accordance with an aspect of the present invention. [0028]
- FIG. 18 is a representation of rendered graphics resulting from having various stretch values, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0029]
- FIG. 19 is a representation of rendered graphics resulting from having various tile values, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0030]
- FIG. 20 is a representation of a grid and transformed grid, resulting from data in a visual brush object, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0031]
- FIG. 21 is a representation of the grid and transformed grid, with rendered graphics therein drawn from a visual, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0032]
- FIG. 22 is a representation of element classes of the element object model, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; [0033]
- FIG. 23 is a representation of components for interpreting markup language code to interface with the visual API layer, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; and [0034]
- FIG. 24 is a representation of clipping via a geometry path in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.[0035]
- Exemplary Operating Environment [0036]
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a suitable computing system environment [0037]. 1, an exemplary system for implementing the invention includes a general purpose computing device in the form of a computer [0040], Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus also known as Mezzanine bus.
- The computer [0041] [0042]43] 193 or the like that can input digitized input such as handwriting into the computer system 110 via an interface, such as a touch-screen interface 192. Note that the monitor [0045]46].
- Graphics Architecture [0047]
-. [0048]
- FIG. 2 represents a general, layered architecture [0049] 200 into which the present invention may be implemented. As represented in FIG. 2, program code 202 (e.g., an application program or operating system component or the like) may be developed to output graphics data in one or more various ways, including via imaging 204, via vector graphic elements 206, and/or via function/method calls placed directly to a visual application programming interface (API) layer 212. Direct interaction with the API layer is further described in the aforementioned copending patent application entitled “Visual and Scene Graph Interfaces.”
- In general, imaging [0050] [0051] [0052] [0053] [0054] [0055] [0056]
- As described below, the rendering model is shared by the higher-level, control-based vector graphics elements [0057]. [0058]
-. [0059]
-. [0060]
-. [0061]
- The Line element provides a convenient example. The following example specifies coordinates for the start and end points, a stroke color and width, and rounded capping on the ends of the line. [0062]
-. [00. [0064]
- The coordinate pairs and inline parameters provided for the Data attribute can specify line segments, Bézier curves, and a variety of other path specifications. The following example shows a Path element that defines two subpaths. [0065]
-. [0066]
- The second subpath begins with an absolute horizontal “lineto” command H, which specifies a line drawn from the preceding subpath's endpoint (400,175) to a new endpoint (280,175). Because it is a horizontal “lineto” command, the value specified is an x-axis coordinate. [0067]
-. [0068]
-: [0069]
-. [0070]
- Alternatively, a developer can use complex property syntax and the SolidColorBrush class to specify colors. Specifying properties using more complex syntax becomes necessary when reusing graphics markup with property sheets, or to animate shape properties like color. [0071]
- This irregular polyline shape uses pre-defined color values for the Stroke and Fill properties. The FillOpacity property affects the fill color in this case by makingit slightly transparent (opacity of 0.8) so that it blends with any underlying color: [0072]
- Just as when specifying solid color fills and backgrounds for shapes, gradients may be specified. The following example sets a horizontal gradient as the Fill property of a Rectangle, with Blue as the start color and Red as the end color. [0073]
-): [0074]
-. [0075]
-: [0076]
-. [0077]
- The following example shows a rotation and a translation applied to two polyline elements: [0078]
- [0079]: [0080]
- transform=“rotate(rx [cx,cy])” [0081]
- The skew transformation enables the developer to distort a shape along one or both axes. The SkewTransform class provides AngleX and AngleY properties that specify a proportional offset along either axis. [0082]
-. [0083]
- A brush is used anytime color is added to a shape or control. The present invention provides markup that enables the developer's application to paint a user interface (UI) element with anything from a simple solid color to a complex set of patterns and images. [0084]
- Brushes can color the interior and edges of shapes drawn on a canvas. They can also be used to change the appearance of any elements that make up the UI. The following are some attributes of the Brush type and can accept any of the brushes: [0085]
- Control.Background [0086]
- Control.BorderBrush [0087]
- Column.Background [0088]
- Text.Foreground [0089]
- Shape.Fill [0090]
- Shape.Stroke [0091]
-. [0092]
-. [0093]
- In the following example, the Fill of an Ellipse element is set using one of the predefined color names. [0094]
-. [0095]
- A gradient brush is a fill that changes from one color to another along an axis. There are two types of gradients supported in Vector Graphics (Vector Graphics): linear and radial gradients. [0096]
-. [0097]
- One way to have a Gradient brush is by specifying gradient stops explicitly. The following is an example: [0098]
- In the following example, a LinearGradientBrush is used to fill the Background of a Button with a linear gradient that has four gradient stops. [0099]
-. [0100]
- In the following example, the Fill property of a Rectangle element is set using a RadialGradientBrush. The radial gradient has a Focus point of (0.5,0.5). [0101]
- When creating a gradient with only two colors, keywords can be used for the stroke, fill, and background properties to simplify the notation. The following sample shows how to create a rectangle filled with a horizontal gradient, a type of linear gradient, that changes from blue to red. [0102]
- The abbreviated syntax for creating horizontal, vertical, and radial gradients is the following: [0103]
- GradientType StartColor EndColor, where GradientType is VerticalGradient, HorizontalGradient, or RadialGradient. [0104]
- StartColor and EndColor may be predefined color names (such as Blue) or hexadecimal values. [0105]
-. [0106]
- In the following example, the Fill property of a Rectangle element is set by explicitly using a linear gradient. [0107]
- The following example demonstrates how to fill an area with a two-color radial gradient using abbreviated syntax: [0108]
- In addition to the Fill attribute, gradients can also be used to fill the outline of an object, such as the Stroke of Shape elements. [0109]
-. [0110]
- A drawing brush is a type of TileBrush. The section provides information about additional features the developer can use to control how a drawing brush fills its output area. [0111]
- An ImageBrush fills an area with a bitmap image. The following sample shows how to use an ImageBrush to render an image as the background of a Canvas. [0112]
- An image brush is a type of Tile Brush. The section provides information about additional features developers can use to control how an image fills its output area. [0113]
-. [0114]
- A tile brush describes one or more tiles filled with content. An ImageBrush is a tile brush that fills its tiles with a bitmap image. A DrawingBrush is a tile brush that fills its tiles with a drawing. [0115]
- FIG. 18) defines how the brush's content fills its tiles. The ViewPort defines the size and position of a brush's tiles, and the ViewBox property determines the size and position of the brush's content. [0116]
- The Stretch property controls how a tile brush's content is stretched to fill its tiles. The Stretch property accepts the following values, defined by the Stretch enumeration: [0117]
- None: The brush's content is not stretched to fill the tile. [0118]
- Fill: The brush's content is scaled to fit the tile. Because the content's height and width are scaled independently, the original aspect ratio of the content might not be preserved. That is, the brush's content might be warped in order to completely fill the output tile. [0119]
- Uniform: The brush's content is scaled so that it fits completely within the tile. The content's aspect ratio is preserved. [0120]
- UniformToFill: The brush's content is scaled so that it completely fills the output area while preserving the content's original aspect ratio. [0121]
-. [0122]
- The ViewPort property determines the size and position of a brush's tiles. The ViewPortUnits property determines whether the ViewPort is specified using absolute or relative coordinates. If the coordinates are relative, they are relative to the size of the output area. The point ([0123] ([0124]: [0125]
- None: Only the base tile is drawn. [0126]
- Tile: The base tile is drawn and the remaining area is filled by repeating the base tile such that the right edge of one tile is adjacent to the left edge of the next, and similarly for bottom and top. [0127]
- FlipX: The same as Tile, but alternate columns of tiles are flipped horizontally. [0128]
- FlipY: The same as Tile, but alternate rows of tiles are flipped vertically. [0129]
- FlipXY: A combination of FlipX and FlipY. [0130]
- Different tiling modes are described below with reference to FIG. 19. [0131]
- A NineGridBrush, described below with reference to FIG. 17 is very similar to an image brush in that it fills an area with a bitmap image. With a NineGridBrush, however, the image is divided into nine regions or grids by four borders. For more information, see the NineGridBrush page. [0132]
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show example scene graphs [0133] 300 and 400, respectively, including the base object referred to as a Visual. Visual Objects, or simply visuals, are containers for graphical content such as lines, text, and images. As represented in the object inheritance of the visual classes in FIG. 5, there are several different visual objects, including ContainerVisual, which is a Visual that does not directly contain graphical content, but contains child Drawing Visual objects. Child DrawingVisual objects are added to a ContainerVisual rather than to other DrawingVisual objects. This allows the developer to make changes and set properties on individual visual objects without recreating and then re-rendering the entire drawing context, while also allowing access to clipping and transform properties on the container object. ContainerVisual objects can be nested.
-. [0134]
- Returning to FIG. 5, yet another visual is an HwndVisual [0135] 505, which is a Visual used to host a legacy Microsoft® Win32® control or window as a child visual inside a visual scene of a scene graph. More particularly, legacy programs will still operate via the WM_PAINT method (or the like) that draws to a child HWnd (or the like) based on prior graphics technology. To support such programs in the new graphics processing model, the HwndVisual allows the Hwnd to be contained in a scene graph and moved as the parent visual is repositioned. Other types of visuals are also feasible, such as three-dimensional (3D) visuals which enable a connection between two-dimensional and three dimensional worlds, e.g., a camera-like view is possible via a two-dimensional visual having a view into a three- dimensional world.
- As shown in FIG. 3, a VisualManager [0136] 304 comprises an object that connects a visual tree to a medium. The VisualManager establishes a retained connection between the visual data structure (the root visual 302) and the target to which that data is rendered, offering the possibility of tracking differences between the two. The VisualManager 304 receives window messages and provides methods for transforming a point in drawing coordinates to device coordinates and vice versa.
-: [0137]
- Using the Visual API, developers can instead draw directly into the Visual (that would otherwise be accessed via by the layout element). [0138]
-. [0139]
-. [0140]
-. [0141]
-. [0142]
-. [0143]
-. [0144]
- The following code instantiates a class that implements IRetainedRender on a RetainedVisual and draws into it. [0145]
-. [0146]
-. [0147]
- The HwndVisual enables hosting of Win32 content in a Visual-aware application. As represented in FIG. 5, HwndVisual inherits from ContainerVisual. Note that it is not possible to mix GDI and the new drawing models in the same HwndVisual. Instead, this visual might be more useful for legacy controls of limited scope. The following example demonstrates creating a control in an HwndVisual and adding it to the visual tree. [0148]
- As with other objects, the developer can apply transforms and other property changes to the control once hosted in a Visual. [0149]
- As represented in FIG. 3, a top-level (or root) Visual [0150] 302 is connected to a Visual manager object 304, which also has a relationship (e.g., via a handle) with a window (HWnd) 306 or similar unit in which graphic data is output for the program code. The VisualManager 304 manages the drawing of the top-level Visual (and any children of that Visual) to that window 306. FIG. 6 shows the VisualManager as one of a set of objects 600 in the object model of the graphics system described herein.
- To draw, the Visual manager [0151] 304 processes (e.g., traverses or transmits) the scene graph as scheduled by a dispatcher 308, and provides graphics instructions and other data to the low level component 218 (FIG. 2) for its corresponding window 306, such as generally described in the aforementioned U.S. Patent Applications. The scene graph processing will ordinarily be scheduled by the dispatcher 308 at a rate that is relatively slower than the refresh rate of the lower-level component 218 and/or graphics subsystem 222.
- FIG. 3 shows a number of child Visuals [0152] 310-314 arranged hierarchically below the top-level (root) Visual 302, some of which are represented as having been populated via drawing contexts 316, 317 (shown as dashed boxes to represent their temporary nature) with associated instruction lists 318 and 319, respectively, e.g., containing Instruction Lists and other Visuals. The Visuals may also contain other property information. In general, most access on the base visual class comes via an IVisual interface, and visual derives from DependencyObject, as represented in FIG. 5. Among other drawing primitives, the instruction list may include a reference to an ImageData. That ImageData can then be changed/updated directly by getting a drawing context off of it, or by having a SurfaceVisualRenderer (alternatively named ImageDataVisualRenderer).
-. [0153]
- The transform for a visual is on the connection to that visual. In other words, it is set via the [Get|Set]ChildTransform on the parent's IVisual interface. [0154]
-). FIG. 8 is a representation of scaling transformation, with a non-transformed image [0155] 800 appearing on the left and a transformed image 802 with a non-uniform scale appearing on the right. FIG. 9 is a representation of scaling transformation, with the non-transformed image 800 appearing on the left and a transformed image 904 with geometry scaling appearing on the right.
-. [0156]
- The clip property sets (and gets) the clipping region of a visual. Any Geometry (the geometry class is shown in FIG. 10) can be used as a clipping region, and the clipping region is applied in Post-Transformation coordinate space. In one implementation, a default setting for the clipping region is null, i.e., no clipping, which can be thought of as an infinite big clipping rectangle from (−∞, −∞) to (+∞, +∞). [0157]
-. [0158]
- The various services (including transform, opacity, and clip) can be pushed and popped on a drawing context, and push/pop operations can be nested, as long as there is an appropriate pop call for each push call. [0159]
- The PushTransform method pushes a transformation. Subsequent drawing operations are executed with respect to the pushed transformation. The pop call pops the transformation pushed by the matching PushTransform call: [0160]
- void PushTransform(Transform transform); [0161]
- void PushTransform(Matrix matrix); [0162]
- void Pop( );. [0163]
- Similarly, the PushOpacity method pushes an opacity value. Subsequent drawing operations are rendered on a temporary surface with the specified opacity value and then composite into the scene. Pop( ) pops the opacity pushed by the matching PushOpacity call: [0164]
- void PushOpacity(float opacity); [0165]
- void PushOpacity(FloatAnimation opacity); [0166]
- void Pop( );. [0167]
- The PushClip method pushes a clipping geometry. Subsequent drawing operations are clipped to the geometry. The clipping is applied in post transformation space. Pop( ) pops the clipping region pushed by the matching PushClip call: [0168]
- void PushClip(Geometry clip); [0169]
- void Popo;. [0170]
- Note that push operations can be arbitrarily nested as long as the pop operations are matched with a push. For example, the following is valid: [01. [0172]
- FIG. 4 shows an example scene graph [0173] 400 in which ContainerVisuals and DrawingVisuals (and others) are related in a scene graph, and have associated data in the form of Instruction Lists, (e.g., in corresponding drawing contexts). The ContainerVisual is a container for Visuals, and ContainerVisuals can be nested into each other. The children of a ContainerVisual can be manipulated can be manipulated with via methods on the IVisual interface that the ContainerVisual implements. The order of the Visuals in the VisualCollection determines in which order the Visuals are rendered, i.e. Visuals are rendered from the lowest index to the highest index from back to front (painting order).
-. [0174]
- Geometry is a type of class (FIG. 10) that defines a vector graphics skeleton, without stroke or fill. Each geometry object is a simple shape (LineGeometry, EllipseGeometry, RectangleGeometry), a complex single shape (PathGeometry) or a list of such shapes GeometryCollection with a combine operation (e.g., union, intersection, and so forth) specified. These objects form a class hierarchy as represented in FIG. 10. [0175]
- As represented in FIG. 11, the PathGeometry is a collection of Figure objects. In turn, each of the Figure objects is composed of one or more Segment objects which actually define the figure's shape. A Figure is a sub-section of a Geometry that defines a segment collection. This segment collection is a single connected series of two-dimensional Segment objects. The Figure can be either a closed shape with a defined area, or just a connected series of Segments that define a curve, but no enclosed area. [0176]
- As represented in FIG. 12, when geometry (e.g., a rectangle) is drawn, a brush or pen can be specified, as described below. Furthermore, the pen object also has a brush object. A brush object defines how to graphically fill a plane, and there is a class hierarchy of brush objects. This is represented in FIG. 12 by the filled rectangle [0177] 1202 that results when the visual including the rectangle and brush instructions and parameters is processed. A Pen object holds onto a Brush along with properties for Width, LineJoin, LineCap, MiterLimit, DashArray and DashOffset, as described below. As also described below, some types of Brushes (such as gradients and nine grids) size themselves. When used, the size for these brushes is obtained from the bounding box, e.g., when the GradientUnits/DestinationUnits for the Brush is set to RelativeToBoundingBox, the bounding box of the primitive that is being drawn is used. If those properties are set to Absolute, then the coordinate space is used.
- The graphics object model of the present invention includes a Brush object model, which is generally directed towards the concept of covering a plane with pixels. Examples of types of brushes are represented in the hierarchy of FIG. 13, and, under a Brush base class, include Gradient Brush, NineGridBrush, SolidColorBrush and TileBrush. GradientBrush includes LinearGradient and RadialGradient objects. DrawingBrush and ImageBrush derive from TileBrush. Alternative arrangements of the classes are feasible, e.g., deriving from TileBrush may be ImageBrush, VisualBrush, VideoBrush, NineGridBrush and Drawing Brush. Note that Brush objects may recognize how they relate to the coordinate system when they are used, and/or how they relate to the bounding box of the shape on which they are used. In general, information such as size may be inferred from the object on which the brush is drawn. More particularly, many of the brush types use a coordinate system for specifying some of their parameters. This coordinate system can either be defined as relative to the simple bounding box of the shape to which the brush is applied, or it can be relative to the coordinate space that is active at the time that the brush is used. These are known, respectively, as RelativeToBoundingBox mode and Absolute mode. [0178]
-: [0179]
-. [0180]
-.”[0181]
-. [0182]
-. [0183]
- This class is a Changeable like other resource classes: [0184]
- Like SolidColorBrush, this has nested Changeables in the animation collections. [0185]
-: [0186]
- FIGS. 14 and 15 provide some GradientSpreadMethod examples, (albeit in grayscale rather than in color). Each shape has a linear gradient going from white to grey. The solid line represents the gradient vector. [0187]
- FIG. 15, using the default values, the colors in the resulting gradient are interpolated along a diagonal path. The black line formed from the start and end points of the gradient has been added herein to highlight the gradient's interpolation path. [0188]
- The ColorInterpolationMode enum defines the interpolation mode for colors within a gradient. The two options are PhysicallyLinearGamma10 and PerceptuallyLinearGamma22. [0189]
- This is an abstract base class. [0190]
-. [0191]
- The LinearGradient specifies a linear gradient brush along a vector. The individual stops specify colors stops along that vector. [0192]
-. [0193]
-. FIG. 16 represents a RadialGradient that (in grayscale) goes from white to grey. The outside circle represents the gradient circle while the solid dot denotes the focal point. This gradient has SpreadMethod set to Pad. [0194]
- The markup for RadialGradient allows specification of a RadialGradient with two color stops, at offsets 0 and 1 respectively. The default MappingMode is used, which is RelativeToBoundingBox, as are the default radii, 0.5: [0195]
- The TileBrush is an abstract base class which contains logic to describe a tile and a means by which that tile should fill an area. Subclasses of TileBrush contain content, and logically define a way to fill an infinite plane. [0196]
- The Stretch enum is used to describe how a ViewBox (source coordinate space) is mapped to a ViewPort (destination coordinate space). This is used in TileBrush: [0197]
- FIG. 18 provides stretch examples. In these examples, the contents are top/left aligned. [0198]
- The TileMode enum is used to describe if and how a space is filled by Tiles. A TileBrush defines where the base Tile is (specified by the ViewPort). The rest of the space is filled based on the TileMode value. [0199]
- FIG. 19 provides TileMode examples. The top left-most tile in each example is the base tile. These examples represent None, Tile, FlipX, FlipY and FlipXY. [0200]
- The VerticalAlignment enum is used to describe how content is positioned within a container vertically: [0201]
- The HorizontalAlignment enum is used to describe how content is positioned within a container horizontally. [0202]
-: [0203]
-. [0204]
-. [0205]
-. [0206]
-207]
-. [0208]
-. [0209]
- A VisualBrush is a TileBrush whose contents are specified by a Visual. This Brush can be used to create complex patterns, or it can be used to draw additional copies of the contents of other parts of the scene. [0210]
- ImageBrush is a TileBrush having contents specified by an ImageData. This Brush can be used to fill a space with an Image. [0211]
- VideoBrush is a TileBrush having contents specified by a VideoData. This Brush can be used to fill a space with a Video. [0212]
-: FIG. 17 represents the concept of a NineGrid, being enlarged from a first instance [0213] 1702 to a second instance 1704, with four types of showing the nine grids which are defined by the Top, Left, Bottom and Right borders. The arrows in each grid square show the dimension(s) in which those contents will be stretched to meet the ViewPort size.
-: [0214]
- Note that the border members count in from the edge of the image in image pixels [0215]
-. [0216]
- The PenLineCap determines how the ends of a stroked line are drawn: [0217]
- The PenDashCap determines how the ends of each dash in a dashed, stroked line are drawn: [0218]
- The PenLineJoin determines how joints are draw when stroking a line: [0219]
- The DashArrays class comprises static properties which provide access to common, well-known dash styles: [0220]
- Another brush object represented in FIG. 13 is a VisualBrush object. A VisualBrush is a TileBrush whose contents are specified by a Visual. This Brush can be used to create complex patterns, or it can be used to draw additional copies of the contents of other parts of the scene. [0221]
- Conceptually, the VisualBrush provides a way to have a visual drawn in a repeated, tiled fashion as a fill. This is represented in FIG. 12 by the visual brush referencing a visual (and any child visuals) that specifies a single circular shape [0222] 1220, with that circular shape filling a rectangle 1222. Thus, the VisualBrush object may reference a visual to define how that brush is to be drawn, which introduces a type of multiple use for visuals. In this manner, a program may use an arbitrary graphics “metafile” to fill an area via a brush or pen. Since this is a compressed form for storing and using arbitrary graphics, it serves a graphics resource.
-. [0223]
-. [0224]
-. [0225]
- FIG. 18 provides representations of a single tile [0226] 1800 of graphics rendered with various stretch settings, including a tile 1800 when stretch is set to “none.” The tile 1802 is a representation of when the stretch is set to “Uniform,” the tile 1804 when stretch is set to “UniformToFill,” and the tile 1806 when stretch is set to “Fill.”
-227]
-. [0228]
-. [0229]
-. FIG. 19 provides a representation of example graphics with various TileMode settings, including “None” [0230] 1900, “Tile” 1092, “FlipX” 1904, “FlipY” 1906 and “FlipXY” 1908. The top left-most tile in the various example graphics comprises the base tile.
- FIG. 20 represents a VisualBrush Grid that is defined for the tiles in a VisualBrush. The first circle is a simple grid, and the second has a Transform with a Skew in the x direction of [0231] 47. FIG. 21 shows this being filled with an image.
- Returning to FIG. 13, image brush derives from tile brush and thus can be tiled. NineGridBrush is very similar to ImageBrush except the image is warped based on the size. In essence, NineGridBrush may be thought of a custom type of Stretch, in which certain parts of the image stretch, while others (e.g., borders) do not. Thus, while the Size of the image in the ImageBrush will cause a simple scale, the NineGridBrush will produce a non-uniform scale up to the desired size. The units for the non-scaled areas are the user units when the brush is applied, which means that ContentUnits (if it existed for NineGridBrush) would be set to UserUnitsOnUse. The Transform property of the Brush can be used effectively. Note that the border members count in from the edge of the image. [0232]
- As generally described above, the graphics object model of the present invention includes a Transform object model, which includes the types of transforms represented in the hierarchy of FIG. 7, under a Transform base class. These different types of components that make up a transform may include TransformList, TranslateTransform, RotateTransform, ScaleTransform, SkewTransform, and MatrixTransform. Individual properties can be animated, e.g., a program developer can animate the Angle property of a RotateTransform. [0233]
- Most places in the API do not take a Matrix directly, but instead use the Transform class, which supports animation. [0237]
- Markup Language and Object Model for Vector Graphics [0238]
- In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a markup language and element object model are provided to enable user programs and tools to interact with the scene graph data structure [0239] 216 without requiring a specific knowledge of the details of the API layer 212 (FIG. 2). In general, a vector graphics markup language is provided, which comprises an interchange format, along with a simple markup based authoring format for expressing vector graphics via the element object model. Via this language, markup (e.g., HTML or XML-type content) may be programmed. Then, to build the scene graph, the markup is parsed and translated into the appropriate visual API layer objects that were as described above. At this higher operating level, an element tree, the property system and the layout system are provided to handle much of the complexity, making it straightforward for scene designers to design possibly complex scenes.
-. [0240]
-. [0241]
-. [0242]
- FIG. 22 is a representation of the element class hierarchy [0243] 2200. The classes of the markup language object model of the present invention are represented via shadowed boxes, and include a shape class 2502, an image class 2504, a video class 2206 and a canvas class 2208. Elements of the shape class include rectangle 2210, polyline 2212, polygon 2214, path 2216, line 2218 and ellipse 2220. Note that in some implementations, a circle element may not be present as indicated by the dashed box 2222 in FIG. 22, however for purposes of the various examples herein, the circle element 2222 will be described. Each element may include or be associated with fill (property) data, stroke data, clipping data, transform data, filter effect data and mask data.
- [0244]. [0245]
-. [0246]
- FIG. 23 represents one implementation in which the markup code [0247] 2302 is interpreted by a parser/translator 2304. In general, the parser/translator 2304 adds elements to an element tree/property system 208 (also represented in FIG. 2) and attaches presenters to those elements. The layout system 210 then takes the element tree 210 with the attached presenters and translates the data to objects and calls to the visual API layer 212. Note that not all elements need to be translated, only those with attached presenters.
- In general, the markup is resolved to objects, in which an XML scheme for the XAML markup is usually declared at top of a markup file as follows: [0248]
- When <Path > tag is used for example, the parser uses the schema to look up the relevant namespace (for example, System.Windows.Shapes) to resolve and build the object. [0249]
-. [0250]
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the markup language provides distinct ways to describe a resource, including a simple string format or a complex object notation. For a simple string format, the parser/translator [0251]. [0252]
-): [0253]
-. [0254]
- The parser handles markup in the complex property syntax by accessing the type converter [0255] FIG. 23, another such programming language [0256] 2310 can add elements to the element tree 208, or can directly interface with the visual API layer 212.
- As also represented in FIG. 23 and in accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the same markup [0257] 2302 may be used to program at an element level and a resource level. As described above, the element level gives the scene designer full programmability, usage of the property system that provides inheritance (e.g., style-sheet like features), and eventing (e.g., whereby an element may have attached code to change its appearance, position and so forth in response to a user input event). However, the present invention also provides a resource-level mechanism by which scene designers can essentially shortcut the element tree and layout system and program directly to the visual API layer. For many types of static shapes, images and the like where element-level features are not needed, this provides a more efficient and lightweight way to output the appropriate object. To this end, the parser recognizes when a fill of type “visual brush” is present, and directly calls the API layer 212 with resource level data 2312 to create the object. In other words, as represented in FIG. 22, element level vector graphics get parsed into created elements, which need later translation to the objects, while resource level vector graphics get parsed and directly stored in an efficient manner.
-: [0258]
- Note that while these visual brush-filled objects are efficiently stored, the resource level data (or the objects created thereby) can be referenced by elements and part of the element tree [0259] 208, as generally represented in FIG. 23. To this end, these visual brush resources may be named (e.g., with a name, reference or other suitable identifier) and referenced like other resources described via the complex property syntax.
-. [0260]
- The following is a markup example for a sample canvas: [0261]
- FIGS. 18-20, other properties include stretch, which when not specified preserves original size, or can 1) specify a fill in which the aspect ratio is not preserved and the content is scaled to fill the bounds established by the top/left/width/height, 2) specify uniform, which scales size uniformly until the image fits the bounds established by the top/left/width/height, or 3) specify UniformToFill, which scales size uniformly to fill the bounds established by top/left/width/height, and clips as necessary. [0262]
-. [0263]
-. [0264]
- In the example above, the effective result of the rectangle in the markup sample above under each stretch rule would be: [0265]
-. [0266]
- The elements in the object model can each have a ‘Clip’ attribute applied. On some elements, notably shapes, this is exposed directly as a common language runtime property, while on others (e.g., most controls) this property is set via a DynamicProperty. [0267]
- In general, the clipping path restricts the region to which content can be drawn, as generally represented in FIG. 24 wherein a button is shown in an unclipped form [0268] 2402 and a form 2404 in which a clipping path is specified (where the dashed line represents the clipping path).).
- A clipping path is defined by a Geometry object, either inline or more typically in a resource section. A clipping path is used and/or referenced using the “Clip” property on an element, as shown in the following example: [0269]
- Note that animating a Clip is similar to animating transforms: [0270]
- A path is drawn by specifying the ‘Geometry’ data and the rendering properties, such as Fill, Stroke, and StrokeWidth on the Path element. An example markup for a path is specified as follows: [0271]
- The path ‘Data’ string is of type Geometry. A more verbose and complete way to specify a drawn path is via the complex property syntax, as described above. The markup (such as in the following example) is fed directly into the Geometry builder classes described above: [0272]
- The path data string is also described, using the following notation to describe the grammar for a path data string: [0273]
- The following shows the path data string information described with this notation (note that in one implementation, FillMode may be specified here, instead of a property at the element level): [0274]
- The image element (FIG. 25) indicates that the contents of a complete file are to be rendered into a given rectangle within the current user coordinate system. The image (indicated by the image tag) can refer to raster image files such as PNG or JPEG, or to files with MIME type of “image/wvg”, as set forth in the following example: [0275]
- The following table provides information on some example properties for images: [0276]
-: [0277]
- The following is an example markup syntax for a rectangle: [0278]
- A rectangle has the following properties in the object model (note that rectangles are read/write, have default values equal to zero, support inheritance and apply to both the element and Resource levels): [0279]
- The following is an example markup syntax for a circle: [0280]
- A circle has the following properties in the object model (note that circles are read/write, have default values equal to zero, support inheritance and apply to both the element and Resource levels): [0281]
- The following is an example markup syntax for an ellipse: [0282]
- An ellipse has the following properties in the object model (note that ellipses are read/write, have default values equal to zero, support inheritance and apply to both the element and Resource levels): [0283]
- The following is an example markup syntax for a line: [0284]
- A line has the following properties in the object model (note that lines are read/write, have default values equal to zero, support inheritance and apply to both the element and Resource levels): [0285]
- The ‘Polyline’ defines a set of connected straight line segments. Typically, a ‘Polyline’ defines an open shape. [0286]
- The following is an example markup syntax for a polyline: [0287]
- A polyline has the following properties in the object model (note that lines are read/write, have default values equal to null, support inheritance and apply to both the element and Resource levels): [0288]
- The Polygon element defines a closed shape comprising a set of connected straight line segments. The following is an example markup syntax for a polygon: [0289]
- A polygon has the following properties in the object model (note that lines are read/write, have default values equal to null, support inheritance and apply to both the element and Resource levels): [0290]
- The grammar for points specifications in ‘polyline’ and ‘polygon’ elements is described with the following notation: [0291]
- The following describes the points specifications in ‘Polyline’ and ‘Polygon’ elements using the above notation: [0292]
- As can be seen from the foregoing detailed description, there is provided a system, method and element/object model that provide program code various mechanisms to interface with a scene graph. The system, method and object model are straightforward to use, yet powerful, flexible and extensible. [0293]
-. [0294]
Claims (62)
- 1. In a computing environment, a method comprising,receiving a function call via an interface, the function call comprising markup language data; andinterpreting the markup language data to cause data in a scene graph to be modified.
- 2. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises causing initialization of a new instance of a visual class.
- 3. The method of
claim 2wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking code to associate a transform with a visual object in the scene graph.
- 4. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in a scene graph data structure to be modified comprises invoking code to place a drawing visual into the scene graph.
- 5. The method of
claim 4further comprising, causing a drawing context to be returned, the drawing context providing a mechanism for rendering into the drawing visual.
- 6. The method of
claim 2wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking code to associate brush data with a visual object in the scene graph.
- 7. The method of
claim 6wherein the brush data comprises receiving data corresponding to a solid color.
- 8. The method of
claim 6wherein receiving brush data comprises receiving data corresponding to a linear gradient brush and a stop collection comprising at least one stop.
- 9. The method of
claim 6wherein receiving brush data comprises receiving data corresponding to a radial gradient brush.
- 10. The method of
claim 6wherein receiving brush data comprises receiving data corresponding to an image.
- 11. The method of
claim 10further comprising, receiving markup corresponding to an image effect to apply to the image.
- 12. The method of
claim 1further comprising, receiving markup corresponding to pen data that defines an outline of a shape.
- 13. The method of
claim 1wherein the markup corresponds to a shape class comprising at least one of the set containing rectangle, polyline, polygon, path, line and ellipse shapes.
- 14. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a geometry-related function to represent a rectangle in the scene graph data structure.
- 15. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a geometry-related function to represent a path in the scene graph data structure.
- 16. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a geometry-related function to represent a line in the scene graph data structure.
- 17. The method of
claim 1wherein the markup is related to hit-testing a visual in the scene graph data structure.
- 18. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in a scene graph data structure to be modified comprises invoking a function related to transforming coordinates of a visual in the scene graph data structure.
- 19. The method of
claim 1wherein the markup is related to calculating a bounding box of a visual in the scene graph data structure.
- 20. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function via a common interface to a visual object in the scene graph data structure.
- 21. The method of
claim 1further comprising invoking a visual manager to render a tree of at least one visual object to a rendering target.
- 22. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place a container object in the scene graph data structure, the container object configured to contain at least one visual object.
- 23. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place image data into the scene graph data structure.
- 24. The method of
claim 23wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place an image effect object into the scene graph data structure that is associated with the image data.
- 25. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place data corresponding to text into the scene graph data structure.
- 26. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to provide a drawing context in response to the function call.
- 27. The method of
claim 26wherein the function call corresponds to a retained visual, and further comprising, calling back to have the drawing context of the retained visual returned to the scene graph data structure.
- 28. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place a three-dimensional visual into the scene graph data structure.
- 29. The method of
claim 28wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises mapping a two-dimensional surface onto the three dimensional visual.
- 30. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place animation data into the scene graph data structure.
- 31. The method of
claim 30further comprising communicating timeline information corresponding to the animation data to a composition engine.
- 32. The method of
claim 31wherein the composition engine interpolates graphics data based on the timeline to animate an output corresponding to an object in the scene graph data structure.
- 33. The method of
claim 32wherein the composition engine is at a low-level with respect to the scene graph.
- 34. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises invoking a function to place an object corresponding to audio and/or video data into the scene graph data structure.
- 35. The method of
claim 1wherein causing data in the scene graph to be modified comprises changing a mutable value of an object in the scene graph data structure.
- 36. In a computing environment, a system comprising:a markup parser;an interface coupling the markup parser to a source of markup;and a container for visual information of an object model, the markup parser converting markup received at the interface to method calls of objects in the object mode to modify data in the container for visual information.
- 37. The system of
claim 26wherein the markup is converted to a method call to place a tree of visual objects into the scene graph data structure.
- 38. The system of
claim 37wherein the markup is converted to at least one method call to arrange a tree of visual objects in the scene graph data structure.
- 39. The system of
claim 37wherein the markup is converted to a method call to place a visual collection object into the scene graph data structure.
- 40. The system of
claim 26wherein the markup is converted to a method call to place a visual object into the scene graph data structure.
- 41. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a brush with the visual object.
- 42. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a geometry with the visual object.
- 43. The system of
claim 42wherein the geometry comprises at least one of a set containing an ellipse geometry, a rectangle geometry, a line geometry and a path geometry.
- 44. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a transform with the visual object.
- 45. The system of
claim 44wherein the transform comprises a rotate transform for changing a perceived angle of the visual object.
- 46. The system of
claim 44wherein the transform comprises a scale transform for changing a perceived size of the visual object.
- 47. The system of
claim 44wherein the transform comprises a translate transform for changing a perceived position of the visual object.
- 48. The system of
claim 44wherein the transform comprises a skew transform for changing a perceived skew of the visual object.
- 49. The system of
claim 44wherein the markup provides animation information associated with the transform, and wherein the animation information causes transformation data associated with the transform to change over time thereby animating the transformation of the visual object over time.
- 50. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a color with the visual object.
- 51. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate gradient data with the visual object.
- 52. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a tile brush with the visual object.
- 53. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate an image with the visual object.
- 54. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a drawing comprising drawing primitives with the visual object.
- 56. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate audio and/or video media d with the visual object.
- 57. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate an image effect with the visual object.
- 58. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a pen with the visual object, to describe how a shape is outlined.
- 59. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to obtain a drawing context associated with the visual object.
- 60. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate hit testing data with the visual object.
- 61. The system of
claim 40wherein the markup is converted to a method call to associate a rectangle with the visual object.
- 62. The system of
claim 61wherein the markup includes data describing how a source rectangle should be stretched to fit a destination rectangle.
- 65. In a computing environment, a system comprising:interface means for receiving function calls comprising markup;parsing means for converting the markup to data corresponding to an object model associated with rendering graphics data; andrendering means for outputting the graphics data. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US20040194020A1/en | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | refinedweb | 8,634 | 50.26 |
A Distributed File System or DFS is a file system that is distributed on various locations or file servers. It allows the computer programs to access and store isolated data in the same method as in local environment, from any computer or over any network.
Distributed File System gives ability to share information and files in a well-managed manner to its network users. The primary goal of DFS is to allow users of physically distributed systems to share information with each other with a system called Common File System (CFS). This file system runs as a part of operating system. In DFS, the server permits its users to share and store data and controls the access given to its users.
A collection of mainframe computers connected over a Local area network is the basic configuration of the Distributed File System. In DFS, process of creating a namespace is totally transparent for its users.
With the exceptional availability of the internet all around the globe and growth in network-based computing, server-based systems have been proved to be revolutionary in building the Distributed File Systems.
Components of Distributed File System
With the evolution of networks, development of file systems like DFS has brought efficiency and convenience to sharing files & information on a network. With amazing benefits that DFS provides, here are two major components of the Distributed File System:
- Redundancy
- Local Transparency
- Redundancy: It is performed with a file replication component.
- Local transparency: It is performed with the namespace component.
In case of heavy load on the server, these components work together in cooperation to improve data availability through the concept of “DFS Root”.
History of DFS
The distributed file system was initially introduced as an additional feature to Windows NT 4.0 server. It was given the name DFS 4.1
Later, it has been incorporated as a standard component of all Windows 2000 server editions.
Features of DFS
Here are a few most amazing features of DFS that makes its users life easy:
- DFS is Secure
- DFS is Scalable
- DFS is Easy To Use
- DFS is Highly Available & Reliable
- DFS has Transparency
- DFS Gives Amazing Performance
- DFS has Data Integrity
You were reading the article, What is Distributed File System? Hope you liked the article. Share your thoughts in the comments section below. To learn more about data science tools & technologies, visit our website:
For more such industry-related news, visit our LinkedIn Page. | https://blog.consoleflare.com/7-features-of-distributed-file-system/ | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | refinedweb | 407 | 51.07 |
This is the mail archive of the guile@sourceware.cygnus.com mailing list for the Guile project.
thi <ttn@mingle.glug.org> writes: > just another data point: > > i ran into TAB issues awhile back when running guile in an emacs buffer. > putting the following in ~/.inputrc and munging some var in readline.c > made the problem go away: > > $if guile <-- app id defined in C code > # disable completion > set disable-completion on > $endif > > in the end, the problem *really* went away when guile stopped supporting > readline out of the box. (but i don't know how that affects scwm.) Unfortunately, I do not want that behaviour either, really. I like the completion support, I just don't want tabs to mean completion when there is no alphanumeric symbol to complete (e.g., leading tabs, and tabs after whitespace). Really, I want it to just DTRT, but here I think the right thing is to have the tabs be converted to spaces before pasting. (Interestingly, now that I think about it, Scwm could do this for me when pasting into a guile XTerm window). Greg | http://www.sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-08/msg00167.html | CC-MAIN-2014-41 | refinedweb | 184 | 73.78 |
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Topic closed. 8 replies. Last post 10 years ago by Todd.!
I have no idea of what is wrong with the California Lottery. I too have noticed their failure to post the winning midday numbers in a timely manner. I tried to E mail them to address the problem to no avail. It's not possilbe. I'm truely disgusted with them and am at a loss as to what to do about it.
C.A.
Well, the interest in the lottery in California (at least the Daily 3) is very low. If you look at the total number of winning tickets each day and compare it with other states...there is no comparison. We are lucky to get 1,000 winning tickets in one day, but many states have thousands of winning tickets each and every day. I don't do well at predicting California, so I seldom play it any more, but I do predict for others and a timely posting of the winning numbers would be helpful!!
The draw was 925. After going to the "winning numbers" page, click on "Daily 3" and it shows the current number!! It just is not on the "winning numbers" page, yet!! Amazing!
CA is always like that. they wait to post the jackpots for their games as well.
I've redone my website. Go to. I kept a lot of the old stuff, and I've added some new stuff. Look for more new stuff in the coming weeks.
Unfortunately Cal Lottery is trying harder to keep the money rather than make it more interesting for other players to want to play.
Hopefully, a letter to Ca's State Treasurer's Office would clean that up. Imagine, We'll take your money...But, we don't do this and we don't do that and we will do what the h@3% we want to do! Every other state is on point with an immediate drawing return (That is unless I visit them) but, it has not hit Calottery who or what keeps them there. What's wrong with them? I guess everything is going to be random. Including, knowing whether or not, you may have or have not won. Tell Arnold S. He'll slap 'em around a bit and get things on the Ball.
lottoscorp ...
Quote: Originally posted by CalifDude on November 15, 2004!
Hey Poway Dude, Try calling this number 1-800-568-8379. You can get the latest numbers from there, or make a complaint.
Platinum John in Escondido
Retired Grumman Aerospace Corporation F-14 Tomcat AVIONICS Field Engineer Extraordinaire
I know the CA lottery recently updated their web site (on Nov. 1st), so there may be a glitch with their automation. I would recommend continuing to send e-mails and calling them, so that the issue gets attention by the webmaster.-2015 Speednet Group. All rights reserved. | http://www.lotterypost.com/thread/100393 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | refinedweb | 503 | 75.91 |
Introduction
In the previous post I gave a quick introduction to some important concepts in functional programming, such as HOFs, closures, currying and partial application, and hopefully gave some insight into why these concepts might be useful in the context of scientific computing. Another concept that is very important in modern functional programming is that of the monad. Monads are one of those concepts that turns out to be very simple and intuitive once you “get it”, but completely impenetrable until you do! Now, there zillions of monad tutorials out there, and I don’t think that I have anything particularly insightful to add to the discussion. That said, most of the tutorials focus on problems and examples that are some way removed from the interests of statisticians and scientific programmers. So in this post I want to try and give a very informal and intuitive introduction to the monad concept in a way that I hope will resonate with people from a more scientific computing background.
The term “monad” is borrowed from that of the corresponding concept in category theory. The connection between functional programming and category theory is strong and deep. I intend to expore this more in future posts, but for this post the connection is not important and no knowledge of category theory is assumed (or imparted!).
Functors and Monads
Maps and Functors
All of the code used in this post in contained in the first-monads directory of my blog repo. The best way to follow this post is to copy-and-paste commands one-at-a-time from this post to a Scala REPL or sbt console. Note that only the numerical linear algebra examples later in this post require any non-standard dependencies.
The map method is one of the first concepts one meets when beginning functional programming. It is a higher order method on many (immutable) collection and other container types. Let’s start by looking at how map operates on Lists.
val x = (0 to 4).toList // x: List[Int] = List(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) val x2 = x map { x => x * 3 } // x2: List[Int] = List(0, 3, 6, 9, 12) val x3 = x map { _ * 3 } // x3: List[Int] = List(0, 3, 6, 9, 12) val x4 = x map { _ * 0.1 } // x4: List[Double] = List(0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.30000000000000004, 0.4)
The last example shows that a List[T] can be converted to a List[S] if map is passed a function of type T => S. Of course there’s nothing particularly special about List here. It works with other collection types in the same way, as the following example with (immutable) Vector illustrates:
val xv = x.toVector // xv: Vector[Int] = Vector(0, 1, 2, 3, 4) val xv2 = xv map { _ * 0.2 } // xv2: scala.collection.immutable.Vector[Double] = Vector(0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6000000000000001, 0.8) val xv3 = for (xi <- xv) yield (xi * 0.2) // xv3: scala.collection.immutable.Vector[Double] = Vector(0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6000000000000001, 0.8)
Note here that the for comprehension generating xv3 is exactly equivalent to the map call generating xv2 – the for-comprehension is just syntactic sugar for the map call. The benefit of this syntax will become apparent in the more complex examples we consider later.
Many collection and other container types have a map method that behaves this way. Any parametrised type that does have a map method like this is known as a Functor. Again, the name is due to category theory, but that doesn’t matter for this post. From a Scala-programmer perspective, a functor can be thought of as a trait, in pseudo-code as
trait F[T] { def map(f: T => S): F[S] }
with F representing the functor. In fact it turns out to be better to think of a functor as a type class, but that is yet another topic for a future post… Also note that to be a functor in the strict sense (from a category theory perspective), the map method must behave sensibly – that is, it must satisfy the functor laws. But again, I’m keeping things informal and intuitive for this post – there are plenty of other monad tutorials which emphasise the category theory connections.
FlatMap and Monads
Once we can map functions over elements of containers, we soon start mapping functions which themselves return values of the container type. eg. we can map a function returning a List over the elements of a List, as illustrated below.
val x5 = x map { x => List(x - 0.1, x + 0.1) } // x5: List[List[Double]] = List(List(-0.1, 0.1), List(0.9, 1.1), List(1.9, 2.1), List(2.9, 3.1), List(3.9, 4.1))
Clearly this returns a list-of-lists. Sometimes this is what we want, but very often we actually want to flatten down to a single list so that, for example, we can subsequently map over all of the elements of the base type with a single map. We could take the list-of-lists and then flatten it, but this pattern is so common that the act of mapping and then flattening is often considered to be a basic operation, often known in Scala as flatMap. So for our toy example, we could carry out the flatMap as follows.
val x6 = x flatMap { x => List(x - 0.1, x + 0.1) } // x6: List[Double] = List(-0.1, 0.1, 0.9, 1.1, 1.9, 2.1, 2.9, 3.1, 3.9, 4.1)
The ubiquity of this pattern becomes more apparent when we start thinking about iterating over multiple collections. For example, suppose now that we have two lists, x and y, and that we want to iterate over all pairs of elements consisting of one element from each list.
val y = (0 to 12 by 2).toList // y: List[Int] = List(0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) val xy = x flatMap { xi => y map { yi => xi * yi } } // xy: List[Int] = List(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48)
This pattern of having one or more nested flatMaps followed by a final map in order to iterate over multiple collections is very common. It is exactly this pattern that the for-comprehension is syntactic sugar for. So we can re-write the above using a for-comprehension
val xy2 = for { xi <- x yi <- y } yield (xi * yi) // xy2: List[Int] = List(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48)
This for-comprehension (usually called a for-expression in Scala) has an intuitive syntax reminiscent of the kind of thing one might write in an imperative language. But it is important to remember that <- is not actually an imperative assignment. The for-comprehension really does expand to the pure-functional nested flatMap and map call given above.
Recalling that a functor is a parameterised type with a map method, we can now say that a monad is just a functor which also has a flatMap method. We can write this in pseudo-code as
trait M[T] { def map(f: T => S): M[S] def flatMap(f: T => M[S]): M[S] }
Not all functors can have a flattening operation, so not all functors are monads, but all monads are functors. Monads are therefore more powerful than functors. Of course, more power is not always good. The principle of least power is one of the main principles of functional programming, but monads are useful for sequencing dependent computations, as illustrated by for-comprehensions. In fact, since for-comprehensions de-sugar to calls to map and flatMap, monads are precisely what are required in order to be usable in for-comprehensions. Collections supporting map and flatMap are referred to as monadic. Most Scala collections are monadic, and operating on them using map and flatMap operations, or using for-comprehensions is referred to as monadic-style. People will often refer to the monadic nature of a collection (or other container) using the word monad, eg. the “List monad”.
So far the functors and monads we have been working with have been collections, but not all monads are collections, and in fact collections are in some ways atypical examples of monads. Many monads are containers or wrappers, so it will be useful to see examples of monads which are not collections.
Option monad
One of the first monads that many people encounter is the Option monad (referred to as the Maybe monad in Haskell, and Optional in Java 8). You can think of it as being a strange kind of “collection” that can contain at most one element. So it will either contain an element or it won’t, and so can be used to wrap the result of a computation which might fail. If the computation succeeds, the value computed can be wrapped in the Option (using the type Some), and if it fails, it will not contain a value of the required type, but simply be the value None. It provides a referentially transparent and type-safe alternative to raising exceptions or returning NULL references. We can transform Options using map.
val three = Option(3) // three: Option[Int] = Some(3) val twelve = three map (_ * 4) // twelve: Option[Int] = Some(12)
But when we start combining the results of multiple computations that could fail, we run into exactly the same issues as before.
val four = Option(4) // four: Option[Int] = Some(4) val twelveB = three map (i => four map (i * _)) // twelveB: Option[Option[Int]] = Some(Some(12))
Here we have ended up with an Option wrapped in another Option, which is not what we want. But we now know the solution, which is to replace the first map with flatMap, or better still, use a for-comprehension.
val twelveC = three flatMap (i => four map (i * _)) // twelveC: Option[Int] = Some(12) val twelveD = for { i <- three j <- four } yield (i * j) // twelveD: Option[Int] = Some(12)
Again, the for-comprehension is a little bit easier to understand than the chaining of calls to flatMap and map. Note that in the for-comprehension we don’t worry about whether or not the Options actually contain values – we just concentrate on the “happy path”, where they both do, safe in the knowledge that the Option monad will take care of the failure cases for us. Two of the possible failure cases are illustrated below.
val oops: Option[Int] = None // oops: Option[Int] = None val oopsB = for { i <- three j <- oops } yield (i * j) // oopsB: Option[Int] = None val oopsC = for { i <- oops j <- four } yield (i * j) // oopsC: Option[Int] = None
This is a typical benefit of code written in a monadic style. We chain together multiple computations thinking only about the canonical case and trusting the monad to take care of any additional computational context for us.
IEEE floating point and NaN
Those with a background in scientific computing are probably already familiar with the NaN value in IEEE floating point. In many regards, this value and the rules around its behaviour mean that Float and Double types in IEEE compliant languages behave as an Option monad with NaN as the None value. This is simply illustrated below.
val nan = Double.NaN 3.0 * 4.0 // res0: Double = 12.0 3.0 * nan // res1: Double = NaN nan * 4.0 // res2: Double = NaN
The NaN value arises naturally when computations fail. eg.
val nanB = 0.0 / 0.0 // nanB: Double = NaN
This Option-like behaviour of Float and Double means that it is quite rare to see examples of Option[Float] or Option[Double] in Scala code. But there are some disadvantages of the IEEE approach, as discussed elsewhere. Also note that this only works for Floats and Doubles, and not for other types, including, say, Int.
val nanC=0/0 // This raises a runtime exception!
Option for matrix computations
Good practical examples of scientific computations which can fail crop up frequently in numerical linear algebra, so it’s useful to see how Option can simplify code in that context. Note that the code in this section requires the Breeze library, so should be run from an sbt console using the sbt build file associated with this post.
In statistical applications, one often needs to compute the Cholesky factorisation of a square symmetric matrix. This operation is built into Breeze as the function cholesky. However the factorisation will fail if the matrix provided is not positive semi-definite, and in this case the cholesky function will throw a runtime exception. We will use the built in cholesky function to create our own function, safeChol (using a monad called Try which is closely related to the Option monad) returning an Option of a matrix rather than a matrix. This function will not throw an exception, but instead return None in the case of failure, as illustrated below.
import breeze.linalg._ def safeChol(m: DenseMatrix[Double]): Option[DenseMatrix[Double]] = scala.util.Try(cholesky(m)).toOption val m = DenseMatrix((2.0, 1.0), (1.0, 3.0)) val c = safeChol(m) // c: Option[breeze.linalg.DenseMatrix[Double]] = // Some(1.4142135623730951 0.0 // 0.7071067811865475 1.5811388300841898 ) val m2 = DenseMatrix((1.0, 2.0), (2.0, 3.0)) val c2 = safeChol(m2) // c2: Option[breeze.linalg.DenseMatrix[Double]] = None
A Cholesky factorisation is often followed by a forward or backward solve. This operation may also fail, independently of whether the Cholesky factorisation fails. There doesn’t seem to be a forward solve function directly exposed in the Breeze API, but we can easily define one, which I call dangerousForwardSolve, as it will throw an exception if it fails, just like the cholesky function. But just as for the cholesky function, we can wrap up the dangerous function into a safe one that returns an Option.
import com.github.fommil.netlib.BLAS.{getInstance => blas} def dangerousForwardSolve(A: DenseMatrix[Double], y: DenseVector[Double]): DenseVector[Double] = { val yc = y.copy blas.dtrsv("L", "N", "N", A.cols, A.toArray, A.rows, yc.data, 1) yc } def safeForwardSolve(A: DenseMatrix[Double], y: DenseVector[Double]): Option[DenseVector[Double]] = scala.util.Try(dangerousForwardSolve(A, y)).toOption
Now we can write a very simple function which chains these two operations together, as follows.
def safeStd(A: DenseMatrix[Double], y: DenseVector[Double]): Option[DenseVector[Double]] = for { L <- safeChol(A) z <- safeForwardSolve(L, y) } yield z safeStd(m,DenseVector(1.0,2.0)) // res15: Option[breeze.linalg.DenseVector[Double]] = Some(DenseVector(0.7071067811865475, 0.9486832980505138))
Note how clean and simple this function is, concentrating purely on the “happy path” where both operations succeed and letting the Option monad worry about the three different cases where at least one of the operations fails.
The Future monad
Let’s finish with a monad for parallel and asynchronous computation, the Future monad. The Future monad is used for wrapping up slow computations and dispatching them to another thread for completion. The call to Future returns immediately, allowing the calling thread to continue while the additional thread processes the slow work. So at that stage, the Future will not have completed, and will not contain a value, but at some (unpredictable) time in the future it (hopefully) will (hence the name). In the following code snippet I construct two Futures that will each take at least 10 seconds to complete. On the main thread I then use a for-comprehension to chain the two computations together. Again, this will return immediately returning another Future that at some point in the future will contain the result of the derived computation. Then, purely for illustration, I force the main thread to stop and wait for that third future (f3) to complete, printing the result to the console.
import scala.concurrent.duration._ import scala.concurrent.{Future,ExecutionContext,Await} import ExecutionContext.Implicits.global val f1=Future{ Thread.sleep(10000) 1 } val f2=Future{ Thread.sleep(10000) 2 } val f3=for { v1 <- f1 v2 <- f2 } yield (v1+v2) println(Await.result(f3,30.second))
When you paste this into your console you should observe that you get the result in 10 seconds, as f1 and f2 execute in parallel on separate threads. So the Future monad is one (of many) ways to get started with parallel and async programming in Scala.
Summary
In this post I’ve tried to give a quick informal introduction to the monad concept, and tried to use examples that will make sense to those interested in scientific and statistical computing. There’s loads more to say about monads, and there are many more commonly encountered useful monads that haven’t been covered in this post. I’ve skipped over lots of details, especially those relating to the formal definitions of functors and monads, including the laws that map and flatMap must satisfy and why. But those kinds of details can be easily picked up from other monad tutorials. Anyone interested in pursuing the formal connections may be interested in a page of links I’m collating on category theory for FP. In particular, I quite like the series of blog posts on category theory for programmers. As I’ve mentioned in previous posts, I also really like the book Functional Programming in Scala, which I strongly recommend to anyone who wants to improve their Scala code. In a subsequent post I’ll explain how monadic style is relevant to issues relating to the statistical analysis of big data, as exemplified in Apache Spark. It’s probably also worth mentioning that there is another kind of functor that turns out to be exceptionally useful in functional programming: the applicative functor. This is more powerful than a basic functor, but less powerful than a monad. It turns out to be useful for computations which need to be sequenced but are not sequentially dependent (context-free rather than context-sensitive), and is a little bit more general and flexible than a monad in cases where it is appropriate.
3 thoughts on “First steps with monads in Scala”
Your definition of monads in trait M[T] lacks the unit function. How do you construct a monadic value without unit?
Wadler defines monads in terms of unit and bind.
This is supposed to be a non-technical introduction to the monadic concept for Scala programmers, but you might like to think about how you could use map and flatMap to implement unit and bind. | https://darrenjw.wordpress.com/2016/04/15/first-steps-with-monads-in-scala/ | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | refinedweb | 3,132 | 59.84 |
A Glimpse Into The Future With React Native For Web By Clayton Anderson August 8th, 2016 AppsJavaScriptPerformance 6 Comments1 React Native can help you make iOS and Android apps with a shared code base, without sacrifices in quality. But what about the web? This is exactly the problem the React Native for Web312 project is trying to solve. Instead of forcing you to maintain two separate code bases for your mobile and web apps, or making a hybrid app, with all its compromises3,! How It Works Link base. In addition to the components themselves, styles for React and React Native are written differently. With React, most people use plain CSS or a preprocessor such as Sass4. But in React Native, all styles are written in JavaScript, because there is no DOM and no selectors. With React Native for Web, styles are written just like they would be for React Native, rather than with CSS. This has the benefit of allowing you to write a single set of styles, which will work on both native mobile and the web. We’ll take a deeper look later at how these ideas work in practice and at how much code is actually reusable. First, let’s get a sample app going. Starting A New React Native Project Link To get started, we will need to set up our project. At first, this will just be a regular React Native app, and then we’ll add React Native for Web. If you are following along, you’ll need to complete React Native’s “Getting Started325” guide before heading into the next section. Once you’ve got React Native installed, you can run the following command from your terminal: react-native init ReactNativeWeb This will make a new React Native project named ReactNativeWeb. After it has finished installing, you can cd ReactNativeWeb, and then react-native run-ios or react-native run-android. If everything has gone correctly, you should see a friendly welcome message on your iOS or Android simulator or device. 6React Native iOS welcome screen (View large version7) 8React Native Android welcome screen (View large version9) Notice that React Native has created two JavaScript files in our project’s directory: index.android.js and index.ios.js. You can edit any of the styles or logic in these files and see those changes update in the running app. As you can probably guess, the .android.js file is for Android, and the .ios.js file is for iOS. Fortunately, separate files are only needed when you want multiple versions of a given file per platform. Most of the time, you’ll have a single file per component. Managing Dependencies Link Before we can get our app running in a web browser, we’ll need to get a bit of package installation out of the way. First, run the following to install both the react-native-web package and the official React web packages. npm i react react-dom react-native-web --save (You might see some errors about peer dependencies from this command. You should be safe to ignore them, because they didn’t cause me any problems. If newer versions of any of these packages are out when you run the commands, though, you might need to adjust the installed versions.) At this point, your package.json file should look something like this: { "name": "ReactNativeWeb", "version": "0.0.1", "private": true, "scripts": { "start": "node node_modules/react-native/local-cli/cli.js start" }, "dependencies": { "react": "15.1.0", "react-dom": "15.1.0", "react-native": "0.28.0", "react-native-web": "0.0.25" } } While we have what seems to be everything required for our React Native app to run in a web browser, we must take a brief detour to consider the realities of web development. React Native’s packager compiles your ECMAScript 6 code to something that a phone’s JavaScript engine can understand, but it won’t help us in the browser. If we tried to run our app in a web browser right now, it would quickly fail due to syntax errors. To solve this problem, we will use Babel10 and webpack11. Babel will compile our ECMAScript 6 code into browser-compatible ECMAScript 5, and webpack will bundle the compiled JavaScript, as well as just generally make development faster. (There are other options for this. If you prefer another compiler or bundler, feel free to use it instead.) Here are the installation commands to run: npm i webpack babel-loader babel-preset-react babel-preset-es2015 --save npm i webpack-dev-server --save-dev Here, babel-loader and webpack-dev-server will be used to bundle and serve our JavaScript, while babel-preset-react and babel-preset-es2015 tell Babel which plugins we need to compile our code. Here is what your package.json file should look like now: { "name": "ReactNativeWeb", "version": "0.0.1", "private": true, "scripts": { "start": "node node_modules/react-native/local-cli/cli.js start" }, "dependencies": { "babel-loader": "6.2.4", "babel-preset-es2015": "6.9.0", "babel-preset-react": "6.5.0", "react": "15.1.0", "react-dom": "15.1.0", "react-native": "0.28.0", "react-native-web": "0.0.25", "webpack": "1.13.1" }, "devDependencies": { "webpack-dev-server": "1.14.1" } } Configuring Link Those are all of the packages we will need. But more setup is required before our app will work in a browser. webpack.config.js Link First, we’ll make a webpack config file. This file tells webpack how to build, bundle and serve our compiled code. In addition, we are going to use the alias property to automatically replace imports on react-native with react-native-web. This file should be placed in your project’s root. const webpack = require('webpack'); module.exports = { entry: { main: './index.web.js', }, module: { loaders: [ { test: /.js?$/, exclude: /node_modules/, loader: 'babel', query: { presets: ['es2015', 'react'], }, }, ], }, resolve: { alias: { 'react-native': 'react-native-web', }, }, }; index.html Link Now, we need to create an HTML file for our app to run in. This will be pretty simple because it will just be a skeleton to attach our React app to. !DOCTYPE html html head titleReact Native Web/title meta charSet="utf-8" / meta content="initial-scale=1,width=device-width" name="viewport" / /head body div id="react-app"/div script type="text/javascript" src="/bundle.js"/script /body /html index.web.js Link Finally, we must make an index JavaScript file for the web. The contents of this file can be the same as index.ios.js or index.android.js, but with one additional line to attach to the DOM. The div with the ID react-app from our HTML file must be selected and then used in the call to AppRegister.runApplication. import React, { Component } from 'react'; import { AppRegistry, StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native'; class ReactNativeWeb extends Component { render() { return ( View style={styles.container} Text style={styles.welcome} Welcome to React Native! /Text Text style={styles.instructions} To get started, edit index.web.js /Text Text style={styles.instructions} Press Cmd+R to reload /Text /View ); } } const styles = StyleSheet.create({ container: { flex: 1, justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center', backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF', }, welcome: { fontSize: 20, textAlign: 'center', margin: 10, }, instructions: { textAlign: 'center', color: '#333333', marginBottom: 5, }, }); AppRegistry.registerComponent('ReactNativeWeb', () = ReactNativeWeb); AppRegistry.runApplication('ReactNativeWeb', { rootTag: document.getElementById('react-app') }); Now, just run ./node_modules/.bin/webpack-dev-server --inline to start webpack, and open your browser to. Fingers crossed, you will see a familiar welcome message but in the browser! 13React Native web welcome screen (View large version14) With all of that setup complete, we are ready to start tinkering! Experimenting With The Code Link Create a FriendsList.js Component Link Let’s start by making a friends list. This will be a good simple stress test of React Native for Web, because we need to use a few different components for it: Image, Text, View and ListView. import React, { Component } from 'react'; import { Image, ListView, StyleSheet, Text, View, } from 'react-native'; const styles = StyleSheet.create({ list: { marginTop: 20, }, friend: { flexDirection: 'row', alignItems: 'center', justifyContent: 'flex-start', }, avatar: { margin: 10, width: 50, height: 50, borderRadius: 25, }, name: { fontSize: 18, color: '#000', } });) = View style={styles.friend} Image style={styles.avatar} source={{ uri: friend.avatarUrl }} / Text style={styles.name}{friend.firstName} {friend.lastName}/Text /View } / ); } } We’ll need to edit our index files, too, so that a friends array gets passed in as a prop. import FriendsList from './FriendsList'; import React, { Component } from 'react'; import { AppRegistry, Text, View } from 'react-native'; const friends = [ { id: 1, firstName: 'Jane', lastName: 'Miller', avatarUrl: '', }, { id: 2, firstName: 'Kate', lastName: 'Smith', avatarUrl: '', }, { id: 3, firstName: 'Kevin', lastName: 'Yang', avatarUrl: '', }, ]; class ReactNativeWeb extends Component { render() { return FriendsList friends={friends} /; } } AppRegistry.registerComponent('ReactNativeWeb', () = ReactNativeWeb); Upon running it in iOS or Android, you should see something like this: 15React Native iOS friends list (View large version16) Looks good so far. Let’s see the web version: 17React Native web friends list. (View large version18) Uh oh! Turns out there isn’t any web support yet for ListView’s DataSource, effectively making ListView completely unusable. Friend.js Link We can work around this lack of support for now. Let’s make a Friend component for the individual rows, but have a FriendsList component per platform. This will separate out the shared code that works everywhere but allow us to customize each platform where we need to. import React, { Component } from 'react'; import { Image, StyleSheet, Text, View, } from 'react-native'; const styles = StyleSheet.create({ friend: { flexDirection: 'row', alignItems: 'center', justifyContent: 'flex-start', }, avatar: { margin: 10, width: 50, height: 50, borderRadius: 25, }, name: { fontSize: 18, color: '#000', } }); export default class Friend extends Component { render() { return ( View style={styles.friend} Image style={styles.avatar} source={{ uri: this.props.avatarUrl }} / Text style={styles.name}{this.props.firstName} {this.props.lastName}/Text /View ); } } FriendsList.ios.js Link import Friend from './Friend'; import React, { Component } from 'react'; import { Image, ListView, StyleSheet, Text, View, } from 'react-native'; const styles = StyleSheet.create({ list: { marginTop: 20, }, });) = Friend key={friend.id} avatarUrl={friend.avatarUrl} firstName={friend.firstName} lastName={friend.lastName} / } / ); } } On iOS, our ListView usage code is unchanged. (I’m leaving out the Android code example here and for the rest of the article, for brevity. The Android and iOS code can be the same for the rest of the code samples.) FriendsList.web.js Link import Friend from './Friend'; import React, { Component } from 'react'; import { Image, Text, View, } from 'react-native'; export default class FriendsList extends Component { render() { return ( View {this.props.friends.map(friend = Friend key={friend.id} avatarUrl={friend.avatarUrl} firstName={friend.firstName} lastName={friend.lastName} / )} /View ); } } Now, for the web, we use the map function to render each Friend, similar to traditional React. 19React Native friends list on the web, now working (View large version20) Much better. At this point, hearing that ListView requires workarounds might be enough to make you think that React Native for Web isn’t ready for production use. I am inclined to agree, particularly since lists constitute a large percentage of many applications. How much it matters will vary depending on the project, though. On the bright side, all of our other React Native code so far has been completely reusable. In any case, I am still interested in exploring it further, because there is still much potential in the ideas on display here. Let’s continue with our sample app. Instead of hardcoding a handful of list items, we can use JSON Generator21 to create a long list for us to work with. If you haven’t used it before, JSON Generator is a great tool for creating dummy and development data. Here is the structure I have defined, which adds a few fields on top of what we already have. [ '{{repeat(200)}}', { id: '{{guid()}}', firstName: '{{firstName()}}', lastName: '{{surname()}}', avatarUrl: '', isOnline: '{{bool()}}', company: '{{company()}}', email: '{{email()}}' } ] And here is a snippet of some of the generated data: [ { "id": "c5368bbe-adfb-424f-ade3-9d783befa2b6", "firstName": "Hahn", "lastName": "Rojas", "avatarUrl": "", "isOnline": true, "company": "Orbixtar", "email": "hahnrojas@orbixtar.com" }, { "id": "15ef2834-3ba5-4621-abf1-d771d39c2dd6", "firstName": "Helen", "lastName": "Stout", "avatarUrl": "", "isOnline": true, "company": "Ebidco", "email": "helenstout@ebidco.com" }, { "id": "1ef05de1-fd8e-41ae-85ac-620b6d716b62", "firstName": "Floyd", "lastName": "Mcpherson", "avatarUrl": "", "isOnline": false, "company": "Ecraze", "email": "floydmcpherson@ecraze.com" }, … ] To use it, just take your generated JSON and replace our friends array declaration from before. Of course, you can move that data into its own file if you’d like, so that your code files aren’t cluttered with data. In a real application, we would get that data from an API server. Friend.js Link Next, we can add these new fields to the Friend component. … render() { return ( View style={styles.friend} /View ); } … FriendsList.js Link Next, add them as props in each platform’s FriendsList. … Friend key={friend.id} avatarUrl={friend.avatarUrl} firstName={friend.firstName} lastName={friend.lastName} isOnline={friend.isOnline} company={friend.company} email={friend.email} / … 22React Native’s long friends list for iOS (View large version23) 24React Native’s long friends list for the web (View large version25) So far so good. It is encouraging to see that the core components seem to work well. Friend.js Link Next, we can add an animation with a transformation to see how well those work. Let’s make it so that when you tap a row, it animates left and right before returning to its initial position. We will need to add imports for Animated and TouchableOpacity, and wire up the animation and press handler. import { Animated, TouchableOpacity, … } from 'react-native'; … export default class Friend extends Component { constructor(props) { super(props); this.state = { translateValue: new Animated.Value(0), }; } animate() { Animated.sequence([ Animated.timing(this.state.translateValue, { toValue: 50, duration: 200, }), Animated.timing(this.state.translateValue, { toValue: -50, duration: 200, }), Animated.timing(this.state.translateValue, { toValue: 0, duration: 200, }) ]).start(); } render() { return ( TouchableOpacity onPress={() = this.animate()} style={[styles.friend, { transform: [{ translateX: this.state.translateValue }]}]} /TouchableOpacity ); } } Looks good on mobile. 26React Native iOS animation (View large version27) What about the web? 28React Native web animation (View large version29) No luck. Our TouchableOpacity throws an error when pressed. Apparently, this will be fixed30 in the next release and is only present for our particular combination of versions. Attempting to run the animation without using TouchableOpacity causes the same error, too. I am going to stop here, but if you want to continue on your own, here is a list of topics you could research next: How well do the remaining React Native components and APIs work? We’ve seen that some definitely don’t work, but we don’t yet have a comprehensive list of support. You could explore more extensive styling work, including media queries. React Native for Web supports server rendering. This could be particularly cool because, if it works, it would mean that you could have a single code base driving native mobile applications and a responsive web app that is SEO-optimized. Conclusion Link As you can tell, React Native for Web is definitely not ready for production. There are too many unsupported components, even in our small demo app, for me to feel confident about using it in a real project. The most encouraging thing to me, though, is that the pieces that do work seem to completely work, and the parts that don’t, fail entirely. I find that much preferable to the entire thing just kind of working. At the moment, it seems like the project just needs more time to build support. If everything was only 50% functional, I would view that as a sign that the approach is fundamentally broken. Despite the problems, I still think this is a very exciting project and worth keeping an eye on. Resources Link React Native for Web312, GitHub “Getting Started325,” React Native (da, ml, al) Footnotes Link 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 | http://www.webhostingreviewsbynerds.com/a-glimpse-into-the-future-with-react-native-for-web/ | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | refinedweb | 2,669 | 57.98 |
I have been using my couch_docs gem quite a bit while working through my second chain and I must say, it is getting on my nerves. A short list of improvements that I would like includes:
-
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ couch-docsBah! That's much too much junk. Even when I ask for help, I get too much path information:
/home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/couch_docs-1.0.0/lib/couch_docs/command_line.rb:24:in `run': Unknown command (ArgumentError)
from /home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/couch_docs-1.0.0/lib/couch_docs/command_line.rb:4:in `run'
from /home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/couch_docs-1.0.0/bin/couch-docs:8
from /home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/bin/couch-docs:19:in `load'
from /home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/bin/couch-docs:19
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ ./bin/couch-docs -hGetting just the basename is trivial as is displaying help info with no command line options:
/home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/bin/couch-docs load dir couchdb_uri
/home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/bin/couch-docs dump couchdb_uri dir
when "help", "--help", "-h", nilThat makes for much better output:
puts "#{File.basename($0)} load <dir> <couchdb_uri>"
puts "#{File.basename($0)} dump <couchdb_uri> <dir>"
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ ./bin/couch-docsAs I have been using couch_docs, I have always loaded from or dumped documents to the current working directory:
couch-docs load <dir> <couchdb_uri>
couch-docs dump <couchdb_uri> <dir>
cstrom@whitefall:~/tmp/seed$ ./bin/couch-docs dump .Maybe it is silly, but I would just as soon not have to type the dot. Besides, after using couchapp for a while, I have gotten used to not having to type this. It is easy enough to add the current working directory to the options:
def initialize(args)
@command = args.shift
@options = args
@options.push('.') if @options.size == 1
end
An Unexpected TangentI have long since forgotten what I meant to do next, but at some point I tried running
rake -Tonly to be told:
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ rake -TI installed bones (which I used to create couch_docs in the first place):
(in /home/cstrom/repos/couch_docs)
rake aborted!
### please install the "bones" gem ###
/home/cstrom/repos/couch_docs/Rakefile:12
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ gem install bonesWhen I run
WARNING: Installing to ~/.gem since /var/lib/gems/1.8 and
/var/lib/gems/1.8/bin aren't both writable.
--------------------------
Keep rattlin' dem bones!
--------------------------
Successfully installed rake-0.8.7
Successfully installed little-plugger-1.1.2
Successfully installed loquacious-1.4.2
Successfully installed bones-3.2.1
4 gems installed
rake -Tnow, I find:
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ rake -TAt first I suspected a
(in /home/cstrom/repos/couch_docs)
rake aborted!
### please install the "bones" gem ###
/home/cstrom/repos/couch_docs/Rakefile:12
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
require 'rubygems'problem, but the rake task that I am using does require rubygems:
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ which rakeI eventually trace this back to the wrong version of the bones gem:
/home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/bin/rake
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ cat /home/cstrom/.gem/ruby/1.8/bin/rake
#!/usr/bin/ruby1.8
#
# This file was generated by RubyGems.
#
# The application 'rake' is installed as part of a gem, and
# this file is here to facilitate running it.
#
require 'rubygems'
version = ">= 0"
if ARGV.first =~ /^_(.*)_$/ and Gem::Version.correct? $1 then
version = $1
ARGV.shift
end
gem 'rake', version
load Gem.bin_path('rake', 'rake', version)
cstrom@whitefall:~/repos/couch_docs$ gem list | grep bonesI had originally used version 2.5 of bones to build my gem. After uninstalling the latest version of bones and installing 2.5, the problem goes away. I am not sure why it is not possible to require 'bones' in version 3.2.1. Something to investigate tomorrow. Maybe.
bones (3.2.1)
Day #27 | https://japhr.blogspot.com/2010/02/getting-started-with-updates-to.html | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | refinedweb | 660 | 60.82 |
Daniel Lezcano wrote:> Ben Greear wrote:>> Eric W. Biederman wrote:>>> Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> writes:>>>>>> >>>> Ben Greear wrote:>>>> >>>>> I have a binary module that uses dev_get_by_name...it's sort of a >>>>> bridge-like>>>>> thing and>>>>> needs user-space to tell it which device to listen for packets on...>>>>>>>>>> This code doesn't need or care about name-spaces, so I don't see >>>>> how it could>>>>> really>>>>> be infringing on the author's code (any worse than loading a binary >>>>> driver>>>>> into the kernel>>>>> ever does).>>>>> >>>>>> Regardless of infringement it is incompatible with a complete network>>> namespace implementation. Further it sounds like the module you are>>> describing defines a kernel ABI without being merged and hopes that>>> ABI will still be supportable in the future. Honestly I think doing so>>> is horrible code maintenance policy.>>> >> I don't mind if the ABI changes, so long as I can still use something >> similar.>>>> The namespace logic is interesting to me in general, but at this point >> I can't think of a way that>> it actually helps this particular module. All I really need is a way >> to grab every frame>> from eth0 and then transmit it to eth1. I'm currently doing this by >> finding the netdevice>> and registering a raw-packet protocol (ie, like tcpdump would do). At >> least up to 2.6.23,>> this does not require any hacks to the kernel and uses only non GPL >> exported symbols.>>>> Based on my understanding of the namespace logic, if I never add any >> namespaces,>> the general network layout should look similar to how it does today, >> so I should have>> no logical problem with my module.>>>>> Once things are largely complete it makes sense to argue with out of>>> tree module authors that because they don't have network namespace>>> support in their modules, their modules are broken. >> Does this imply that every module that accesses the network code >> *must* become>> GPL simply because it must interact with namespace logic that is >> exported as GPL only symbols?> > That's right, with init_net's EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL and dev_get_xx, we > enforce people to be GPL whatever they didn't asked to have the > namespaces in their code.> > Eric, why can we simply change EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL to EXPORT_SYMBOL for > init_net ?Another suggestion/question, is it acceptable to say non-gpl driver should use init_task.nsproxy->net_ns instead of &init_net ?Or does it make sense to have init_net gpl-exported, since we can access it through init_task which is exported without gpl mention ? | http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/12/4/161 | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | refinedweb | 419 | 61.77 |
Table Of Contents
Text¶
An abstraction of text creation. Depending of the selected backend, the accuracy of text rendering may vary.
Changed in version 1.10.1:
LabelBase.find_base_direction() added.
Changed in version 1.5.0:
LabelBase.line_height added.
This is the backend layer for rendering text with different text providers,
you should only be using this directly if your needs aren’t fulfilled by the
Label.
Usage example:
from kivy.core.text import Label as CoreLabel ... ... my_label = CoreLabel() my_label.text = 'hello' # the label is usually not drawn until needed, so force it to draw. my_label.refresh() # Now access the texture of the label and use it wherever and # however you may please. hello_texture = my_label.texture
Font Context Manager¶
A font context is a namespace where multiple fonts are loaded; if a font is missing a glyph needed to render text, it can fall back to a different font in the same context. The font context manager can be used to query and manipulate the state of font contexts when using the Pango text provider (no other provider currently implements it).
New in version 1.11.0.
Warning
This feature requires the Pango text provider.
Font contexts can be created automatically by
kivy.uix.label.Label or
kivy.uix.textinput.TextInput; if a non-existent context is used in
one of these classes, it will be created automatically, or if a font file is
specified without a context (this creates an isolated context, without
support for fallback).
Usage example:
from kivy.uix.label import Label from kivy.core.text import FontContextManager as FCM # Create a font context containing system fonts + one custom TTF FCM.create('system://myapp') family = FCM.add_font('/path/to/file.ttf') # These are now interchangeable ways to refer to the custom font: lbl1 = Label(font_context='system://myapp', family_name=family) lbl2 = Label(font_context='system://myapp', font_name='/path/to/file.ttf') # You could also refer to a system font by family, since this is a # system:// font context lbl3 = Label(font_context='system://myapp', family_name='Arial')
- class kivy.core.text.LabelBase(text='', font_size=12, font_name=None, bold=False, italic=False, underline=False, strikethrough=False, font_family=None, halign='left', valign='bottom', shorten=False, text_size=None, mipmap=False, color=None, line_height=1.0, strip=False, strip_reflow=True, shorten_from='center', split_str=' ', unicode_errors='replace', font_hinting='normal', font_kerning=True, font_blended=True, outline_width=None, outline_color=None, font_context=None, font_features=None, base_direction=None, text_language=None, **kwargs)[source]¶
Bases:
builtins.object
Core text label. This is the abstract class used by different backends to render text.
Warning
The core text label can’t be changed at runtime. You must recreate one.
- Parameters
- font_size: int, defaults to 12
Font size of the text
- font_context: str, defaults to None
Context for the specified font (see
kivy.uix.label.Labelfor details). None will autocreate an isolated context named after the resolved font file.
- font_name: str, defaults to DEFAULT_FONT
Font name of the text
- font_family: str, defaults to None
Font family name to request for drawing, this can only be used with font_context.
- bold: bool, defaults to False
Activate “bold” text style
- italic: bool, defaults to False
Activate “italic” text style
- text_size: tuple, defaults to (None, None)
Add constraint to render the text (inside a bounding box). If no size is given, the label size will be set to the text size.
- padding: float, defaults to None
If it’s a float, it will set padding_x and padding_y
- padding_x: float, defaults to 0.0
Left/right padding
- padding_y: float, defaults to 0.0
Top/bottom padding
- halign: str, defaults to “left”
Horizontal text alignment inside the bounding box
- valign: str, defaults to “bottom”
Vertical text alignment inside the bounding box
- shorten: bool, defaults to False
Indicate whether the label should attempt to shorten its textual contents as much as possible if a size is given. Setting this to True without an appropriately set size will lead to unexpected results.
- shorten_from: str, defaults to center
The side from which we should shorten the text from, can be left, right, or center. E.g. if left, the ellipsis will appear towards the left side and it will display as much text starting from the right as possible.
- split_str: string, defaults to ‘ ‘ (space)
The string to use to split the words by when shortening. If empty, we can split after every character filling up the line as much as possible.
- max_lines: int, defaults to 0 (unlimited)
If set, this indicate how maximum line are allowed to render the text. Works only if a limitation on text_size is set.
- mipmap: bool, defaults to False
Create a mipmap for the texture
- strip: bool, defaults to False
Whether each row of text has its leading and trailing spaces stripped. If halign is justify it is implicitly True.
- strip_reflow: bool, defaults to True
Whether text that has been reflowed into a second line should be stripped, even if strip is False. This is only in effect when size_hint_x is not None, because otherwise lines are never split.
- unicode_errors: str, defaults to ‘replace’
How to handle unicode decode errors. Can be ‘strict’, ‘replace’ or ‘ignore’.
- outline_width: int, defaults to None
Width in pixels for the outline.
- outline_color: tuple, defaults to (0, 0, 0)
Color of the outline.
- font_features: str, defaults to None
OpenType font features in CSS format (Pango only)
- base_direction: str, defaults to None (auto)
Text direction, one of None, ‘ltr’, ‘rtl’, ‘weak_ltr’, or ‘weak_rtl’ (Pango only)
- text_language: str, defaults to None (user locale)
RFC-3066 format language tag as a string (Pango only)
Changed in version 1.10.1: font_context, font_family, font_features, base_direction and text_language were added.
Changed in version 1.10.0: outline_width and outline_color were added.
Changed in version 1.9.0: strip, strip_reflow, shorten_from, split_str, and unicode_errors were added.
Changed in version 1.9.0: padding_x and padding_y has been fixed to work as expected. In the past, the text was padded by the negative of their values.
Changed in version 1.8.0: max_lines parameters has been added.
Changed in version 1.0.8: size have been deprecated and replaced with text_size.
Changed in version 1.0.7: The valign is now respected. This wasn’t the case previously so you might have an issue in your application if you have not considered this.
- property content_height¶
Return the content height; i.e. the height of the text without any padding.
- static find_base_direction(text)[source]¶
Searches a string the first character that has a strong direction, according to the Unicode bidirectional algorithm. Returns None if the base direction cannot be determined, or one of ‘ltr’ or ‘rtl’.
Note
This feature requires the Pango text provider.
- get_cached_extents()[source]¶
Returns a cached version of the
get_extents()function.
>>> func = self._get_cached_extents() >>> func <built-in method size of pygame.font.Font object at 0x01E45650> >>> func('a line') (36, 18)
Warning
This method returns a size measuring function that is valid for the font settings used at the time
get_cached_extents()was called. Any change in the font settings will render the returned function incorrect. You should only use this if you know what you’re doing.
New in version 1.9.0.
- static register(name, fn_regular, fn_italic=None, fn_bold=None, fn_bolditalic=None)[source]¶
Register an alias for a Font.
New in version 1.1.0.
If you’re using a ttf directly, you might not be able to use the bold/italic properties of the ttf version. If the font is delivered in multiple files (one regular, one italic and one bold), then you need to register these files and use the alias instead.
All the fn_regular/fn_italic/fn_bold parameters are resolved with
kivy.resources.resource_find(). If fn_italic/fn_bold are None, fn_regular will be used instead.
- render(real=False)[source]¶
Return a tuple (width, height) to create the image with the user constraints. (width, height) includes the padding.
- shorten(text, margin=2)[source]¶
Shortens the text to fit into a single line by the width specified by
text_size[0]. If
text_size[0] is None, it returns text text unchanged.
split_strand
shorten_fromdetermines how the text is shortened.
- Params
text str, the text to be shortened. margin int, the amount of space to leave between the margins and the text. This is in addition to
padding_x.
- Returns
the text shortened to fit into a single line. | https://kivy.org/doc/master/api-kivy.core.text.html | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | refinedweb | 1,374 | 58.18 |
This article will deal with different types of HTTP errors and then learn how to use Flask error handling to tackle these errors. So let’s get started!
Why do we Need Error Handling?
An error in a web application can happen due to several reasons. It can be due to an incorrect code in the App or some bad requests by the user or server downtime.
Hence it is critical to handle these errors. The browsers, though by-default handles HTTP errors for you, the output is not quite aesthetic.
For example, while building a Flask application, you might have come across 500 internal server error.
A simple line indicating the reason for the error would have sufficed, instead of displaying irrelevant data.
This is where Flask Error handlers come into the picture.
With Flask error Handlers, we can:
- Customize the error page look.
- Show only relevant data to the user.
Common HTTP errors
Some of the most common errors raised are:
Hands-On with Flask Error Handling
Error codes – 404 and 500 are the most common errors that we deal with every day.
So in this section we will build a simple Error handler for 404 and 500. The syntax for other errors will be exactly the same.
In flask, we use the built-in error_handler decorator.
The syntax is:
@app.errorhandler(status_code) def function_name(error): return render_template('xyz.html'),status_code
Hence consider the following Flask application example:
from flask import Flask, render_template app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/blogs') def blog(): return render_template('blog.html') #Handling error 404 and displaying relevant web page @app.errorhandler(404) def not_found_error(error): return render_template('404.html'),404 #Handling error 500 and displaying relevant web page @app.errorhandler(500) def internal_error(error): return render_template('500.html'),500 #app.run(host='localhost', port=5000) app.run(host='localhost', port=5000)
The Blog.html:
<h2>Welcome to the Blog</h2>
The 404.html file:
<h2>The webpage you are trying is not found</h2> <img src = "{{url_for('static','images/opps.jpg') }}"
Here we are using a image to show on the 404 web page as well
Similarly the 500.html file:
<h2>Something Went Wrong</h2>
Implementation
Now run the server and go to any arbitary non-existant URL endpoint
Now to get the 500 error, deliberately interchange a few letters of render_template() to let’s say remder_template()
Now restart the server and go to “/blogs” URL. You will now get the 500 error page
Perfect!
Conclusion
That’s it, guys !! You can now customize the error pages as well based on your webpage theme. Do check out our other Flask tutorials to know more about Flask.
See you guys in the next article !! Happy Coding 🙂 | https://www.askpython.com/python-modules/flask/flask-error-handling | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | refinedweb | 452 | 59.8 |
Hi TzuChiao
Those are great and fair comments!
1. Kafka utilization.
Regarding what is written in link[1], it's correct.
More partitions lead to higher throughput and latency.
But the number of partitions in one Kafka node is limited to some level in
my proposal.
It does not increase infinitely as we would add more servers to support
more concurrent actions.
As I shared in my previous email, all partitions(no matter of topic) would
be evenly distributed among nodes.
So overhead from multiple partitions can be limited in one node, and
topic-wise overhead can be distributed among multiple nodes.
With regard to your question on batch processing, yes, current MessageFeed
fetches messages in batch.
But inherently activation processing can't be done in batch.
Even though it fetches a bunch of messages, invoker should(and does) handle
activation in serial order(concurrently).
Because if they commit offsets in batch, there is a possibility to invoke
actions multiple times in case of failure.
In turn, committing offset is done one by one.
If you are only mentioning about fetching multiple messages, that can be
achieved in my proposal as well because consumers are dedicated to a given
topic and it's safe to fetch multiple messages.
(However, committing offset still works in serial)
Each consumers in a same group will be assigned one partition respectively.
And they can fetch as many messages as they want if they commit offsets one
by one.
2. Resource-aware scheduling.
Actually, I think optimal scheduling based on real resource usage is not
feasible in a current architecture.
This is because real resource resides in invoker side, but scheduling
decision is made by controllers.
And resource status can change in 5ms ~ 10ms as the execution time of
action can be very less.
(I observed 2ms execution time for some actions.)
So all invokers should share their extremely frequently changing status to
all controllers,
and a controller should schedule activations to optimal invokers along with
considering other controllers.
(Because there is a possibility that other controllers can also schedule
activations to same the invoker.)
And all these procedures should be done within lesser than 5ms.
So I think there will always be some gap between real resource usages and
status kept by controllers.
And this is the reason why I made a proposal which utilizes an asynchronous
way.
Regarding sharding concept at loadbalancer, I just refer to it to minimize
the intervention among controllers when scheduling.
Since scheduling for container creation and activations are segregated, and
container creation process can work in an asynchronous way, I think that
would be enough.
If there is a better way to handle this, that would be better.
Finally, regarding the word, autonomous, I just named it because a
container itself can fetch and handle activation messages without any
intervention of invokers : )
Anyway, thank you for very valuable comments.
I hope this would help.
Best regards
Dominic.
2018-06-07 21:55 GMT+09:00 TzuChiao Yeh <su3g4284zo6y7@gmail.com>:
> Hi Dominic,
>
> I really like your proposal! Thanks for your awesome presentation and
> materials, help me a lot.
>
> I have some opinions and questions here about the proposal and previous
> discussions:
>
> 1. About kafka utilization:
>
> First of all, bypassing invokers is a great idea, though this will lead to
> lots of hard work on various runtime. The possibility on utilizing "hot"
> containers and parallelism also looks well.
>
> I'm not a kafka expert at all, but there are some external references
> talking about large number of partitions. [1]
>
> One question here -
>
> From my own investigation, current implementation on messaging (consumer)
> uses batch (offset) to enhance performance. Since your proposed algorithm
> assign each topic to an action, more accurately speaking, each partition to
> a running container. It might drop the capability on using batch and I'm
> not sure that how much overhead will take? Or there might be some advanced
> design for balancing number of partition and offset?
>
> 2. Controller side:
>
> I pay more interests on the future enhancement for extending more states
> (from invokers) for controllers. I.e. the more accurate resource-aware
> scheduling (i.e. memory-aware that Markus proposed in previous dev list),
> package aware scheduling for package caching [2] and control the running
> container's reserved time that you've mentioned ---> warm/hot containers
> utilization.
>
> At the first time, I'm confused of the "autonomous" word maps to your
> algorithm. I think the scheduling logic still sit in controller side (for
> checking lags, limits and so on).
> Seems like the proposed algorithm will not drop out the current sharding
> loadbalancer, can you share more experience or plans on integrating these
> in controller side?
>
> [1]
>-
> topicspartitions-in-a-kafka-cluster/
> [2]
>
> Thanks,
> TzuChiao
>
> Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com> 於 2018年6月7日 週四 上午1:08寫道：
>
> > Sorry.
> > Let me share Kafka benchmark results again.
> >
> > | # of topics | Kafka TPS |
> > | 50 | 34,488 |
> > | 100 | 34,502 |
> > | 200 | 31,781 |
> > | 500 | 30,324 |
> > | 1000 | 30,855 |
> >
> > Best regards
> > Dominic
> >
> >
> > 2018-06-07 2:04 GMT+09:00 Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com>:
> >
> > > Sorry for the late response Tyson.
> > >
> > > Let me first answer your second question.
> > > Vuser is just the number of threads to send the requests.
> > > Each Vusers randomly picked the namespace and send the request using
> REST
> > > API.
> > > So they are independent of the number of namespaces.
> > >
> > > And regarding performance degradation on the number of users, I think
> it
> > > works a little bit differently.
> > > Even though I have only 2 users(namespaces), if their homeInvoker is
> > same,
> > > TPS become very less.
> > > So it is a matter of the number of actions whose homeInvoker are same
> > > though more the number of users than the number of containers can harm
> > the
> > > performance.
> > > This is because controller should send those actions to the same
> invoker
> > > even though there are other idle invokers.
> > > In my proposal, controllers can schedule activation to any invokers so
> it
> > > does not happen.
> > >
> > >
> > > And regarding the issue about the sheer number of Kafka topics, let me
> > > share my idea.
> > >
> > > 1. Data size is not changed.
> > >
> > > If we have 1000 activation requests, they will be spread among invoker
> > > topics. Let's say we have 10 invokers, then ideally each topic will
> have
> > > 100 messages.
> > > In my proposal, if I have 10 actions, each topic will have 100 messages
> > as
> > > well.
> > > Surely there will be more number of actions than the number of
> invokers,
> > > data will be spread to more topics, but data size is unchanged.
> > >
> > > 2. Data size depends on the number of active actions.
> > >
> > > For example, if we have one million actions, in turn, one million
> topics
> > > in Kafka.
> > > If only half of them are executed, then there will be data only for
> half
> > > of them.
> > > For rest half of topics, there will be no data and they won't affect
> the
> > > performance.
> > >
> > > 3. Things to concern.
> > >
> > > Let me describe what happens if there are more number of Kafka topics.
> > >
> > > Let's say there are 3 invokers with 5 activations each in the current
> > > implementation, then it would look like this.
> > >
> > > invoker0: 0 1 2 3 4 5 (5 messages) -> consumer0
> > > invoker1: 0 1 2 3 4 5 -> consumer1
> > > invoekr2: 0 1 2 3 4 5 -> consumer2
> > >
> > > Now If I have 15 actions with 15 topics in my proposal.
> > >
> > > action0: 0 -> consumer0
> > > action1: 0 -> consumer1
> > > action2: 0 -> consumer2
> > > action3: 0 -> consumer3
> > > .
> > > .
> > > .
> > > action14: 0 -> consumer14
> > >
> > > Kafka utilizes page cache to maximize the performance.
> > > Since the size of data is not changed, data kept in page cache is also
> > not
> > > changed.
> > > But the number of parallel access to data is increased. I think it
> might
> > > be some overhead.
> > >
> > > That's the reason why I performed benchmark with multiple topics.
> > >
> > > # of topics
> > >
> > > Kafka TPS
> > >
> > > 50
> > >
> > > 34,488
> > >
> > > 100
> > >
> > > 34,502
> > >
> > > 200
> > >
> > > 31,781
> > >
> > > 500
> > >
> > > 30,324
> > >
> > > 1,000
> > >
> > > 30,855
> > >
> > > As you can see there are some overheads from increased parallel access
> to
> > > data.
> > > Here we can see about 4,000 TPS degraded as the number of topics
> > increased.
> > >
> > > But we can still support 30K TPS with 1000 topics using 3 Kafka nodes.
> > > If we need more TPS we can just add more nodes.
> > > Since Kafka can horizontally scale-out, if we add 3 more servers, I
> > expect
> > > we can get 60K TPS.
> > >
> > > Partitions in Kafka are evenly distributed among nodes in a cluster.
> > > Each nodes becomes a leader for each partition. If we have 100
> partitions
> > > with 4 Kafka nodes, ideally each Kafka nodes will be a leader for 25
> > > partitions.
> > > Then consumers can directly read messages from different partition
> > leaders.
> > > This is why Kafka can horizontally scale-out.
> > >
> > > Even though the number of topics is increased, if we add more Kafka
> > nodes,
> > > the number of partitions which is managed by one Kafka node would be
> > > unchanged.
> > > So if we can support 30K TPS with 1000 topics using 3 nodes, then we
> can
> > > still get 60K TPS with 2000 topics using 6 nodes.
> > > Similarly, if we have enough Kafka nodes, the number of partitions in
> one
> > > Kafka nodes will be same though we have one million concurrent
> > invocations.
> > >
> > > This is what I am thinking.
> > > If I miss anything, kindly let me know.
> > >
> > > Thanks
> > > Regards
> > > Dominic.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 2018-05-26 13:22 GMT+09:00 Tyson Norris <tnorris@adobe.com.invalid>:
> > >
> > >> Hi Dominic -
> > >>
> > >> Thanks for the detailed presentation! It is helpful to go through to
> > >> understand your points - well done.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> A couple of comments:
> > >>
> > >> - I'm not sure how unbounded topic (and partition) growth will be
> > >> handled, realistically. AFAIK, these are not free of resource
> > consumption
> > >> at the client or.
> > >>
> > >> - In your test it looks like you have 990 vusers example (pdf page
> 121)
> > -
> > >> are these using different namespaces? I ask because I think the
> current
> > >> impl isolates the container per namespace, so if you are limited to
> 180
> > >> containers, I can see how there will be container removal/restarts in
> > the
> > >> case where the number of users greatly outnumbers the number of
> > containers
> > >> - I'm not sure if the test behaves this way, or your "New
> > implementation"
> > >> behaves similar? (does a container get reused for many different
> > >> namespaces?)
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> I'm interested to know if there are any kafka experts here that can
> > >> provide more comments on the topics/partition handling question? I
> will
> > >> also ask for some additional feedback from other colleagues.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> I will gather some more comments to share, but wanted to start off
> with
> > >> these. Will continue next week after the long (US holiday) weekend.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> Thanks
> > >>
> > >> Tyson
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> ________________________________
> > >> From: Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com>
> > >> Sent: Friday, May 25, 2018 1:58:55 AM
> > >> To: dev@openwhisk.apache.org
> > >> Subject: Re: New scheduling algorithm proposal.
> > >>
> > >> Dear Whiskers.
> > >>
> > >> I uploaded the material that I used to give a speech at last biweekly
> > >> meeting.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> 2F%2Fcwiki.apache.org%2Fconfluence%2Fdisplay%2FOPENW
> > >> HISK%2FAutonomous%2BContainer%2BScheduling&data=02%7C01%
> > >> 7Ctnorris%40adobe.com%7C0c84bff555fb4990142708d5c21dc5e8%7Cf
> > >> a7b1b5a7b34438794aed2c178decee1%7C0%7C0%7C636628355491109416
> > >> &sdata=qppUpTRm%2BkTR5EueiLg7Ix6xiGWlzk5WDn3DxJv032w%3D&reserved=0
> > >>
> > >> This document mainly describes following things:
> > >>
> > >> 1. Current implementation details
> > >> 2. Potential issues with current implementation
> > >> 3. New scheduling algorithm proposal: Autonomous Container Scheduling
> > >> 4. Review previous issues with new scheduling algorithm
> > >> 5. Pros and cons of new scheduling algorithm
> > >> 6. Performance evaluation with prototyping
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> I hope this is helpful for many Whiskers to understand the issues and
> > new
> > >> proposal.
> > >>
> > >> Thanks
> > >> Best regards
> > >> Dominic
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> 2018-05-18 18:44 GMT+09:00 Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com>:
> > >>
> > >> > Hi Tyson
> > >> > Thank you for comments.
> > >> >
> > >> > First, total data size in Kafka would not be changed, since the
> number
> > >> of
> > >> > activation requests will be same though we activate more topics.
> > >> > Same amount of data will be just split into different topics, so
> there
> > >> > would be no need for more disk space in Kafka.
> > >> > But it will increase parallel processing at Kafka layer, more number
> > of
> > >> > consumers will access to Kafka at the same time.
> > >> >
> > >> > The reason why active/inactive is meaningful in the scene is, the
> size
> > >> of
> > >> > parallel processing will be dependent on it.
> > >> > Though we have 100k and more topics(actions), if only 10 actions are
> > >> being
> > >> > invoked, there will be only 10 parallel processing.
> > >> > The number of inactive topics does not affect the performance of
> > active
> > >> > consumers.
> > >> > If we really need to support 100k parallel action invocation, surely
> > we
> > >> > need more nodes to handle them not only for just Kafka.
> > >> > Kafka can horizontally scale out and number of active topics at some
> > >> point
> > >> > will always be lesser than the total number of topics, Based on my
> > >> > benchmark results, I expect it is enough to take with scale-out of
> > >> Kafka.
> > >> >
> > >> > Regarding topic cleanup, we don't need to clean them up by
> ourselves,
> > >> > Kafka will clean up expired data based on retention configuration.
> > >> > So if the topic is no more activated(the action is no more invoked),
> > >> there
> > >> > would be no actual data though the topic exists.
> > >> > And as I said, even if data exists for some topics, they won't
> affect
> > >> > other active consumers if they are not activated.
> > >> >
> > >> > Regarding concurrent activation PR, it is very worthy change. And
I
> > >> > recognize it is orthogonal to my PR.
> > >> > It will not only alleviate current performance issue but can be used
> > >> with
> > >> > my changes as well.
> > >> >
> > >> > In current logics, controller schedule activations based on hash,
> your
> > >> PR
> > >> > would be much effective if some changes are made on scheduling
> logic.
> > >> >
> > >> > Regarding bypassing kafka, I am inclined to use Kafka because it can
> > act
> > >> > as a kind of buffer.
> > >> > If some activations are not processed due to some reasons such as
> lack
> > >> of
> > >> > resources or invoker failure and so on, Kafka can keep them up for
> > some
> > >> > times and guarantee `at most once` invocation though invocation
> might
> > >> be a
> > >> > bit delayed.
> > >> >
> > >> > With regard to combined approach, I think that is great idea.
> > >> > For that, container states should be shared among invokers and they
> > can
> > >> > send activation request to any containers(local, or remote).
> > >> > As so invokers will utilize warmed resources which are not located
> in
> > >> its
> > >> > local.
> > >> >
> > >> > But it will also introduce some synchronization issue among
> > controllers
> > >> > and invokers or it needs segregation between resources based
> > scheduling
> > >> at
> > >> > controller and real invocation.
> > >> > In the earlier case, since controller will schedule activations
> based
> > on
> > >> > resources status, it is required to synchronize them in realtime.
> > >> > Invokers can send requests to any remote containers, there will be
> > >> > mismatch in resource status between controllers and invokers.
> > >> >
> > >> > In the later case, controller should be able to send requests to any
> > >> > invokers then invoker will schedule the activations.
> > >> > In this case also, invokers need to synchronize their container
> status
> > >> > among them.
> > >> >
> > >> > Under the situation all invokers have same resources status, if two
> > >> > invokers received same action invocation requests, it's not easy to
> > >> control
> > >> > the traffic among them, because they will schedule requests to same
> > >> > containers. And if we take similar approach with what you suggested,
> > to
> > >> > send intent to use the containers first, it will introduce
> increasing
> > >> > latency overhead as more and more invokers joined the cluster.
> > >> > I couldn't find any good way to handle this yet. And this is why I
> > >> > proposed autonomous containerProxy to enable location free
> scheduling.
> > >> >
> > >> > Finally regarding SPI, yes you are correct, ContainerProxy is highly
> > >> > dependent on ContainerPool, I will update my PR as you guided.
> > >> >
> > >> > Thanks
> > >> > Regards
> > >> > Dominic.
> > >> >
> > >> >
> > >> > 2018-05-18 2:22 GMT+09:00 Tyson Norris <tnorris@adobe.com.invalid>:
> > >> >
> > >> >> Hi Dominic -
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I share similar concerns about an unbounded number of topics,
> despite
> > >> >> testing with 10k topics. I’m not sure a topic being considered
> active
> > >> vs
> > >> >> inactive makes a difference from broker/consumer perspective?
I
> think
> > >> there
> > >> >> would minimally have to be some topic cleanup that happens, and
I’m
> > not
> > >> >> sure the impact of deleting topics in bulk will have on the system
> > >> either.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> A couple of tangent notes related to container reuse to improve
> > >> >> performance:
> > >> >> - I’m putting together the concurrent activation PR[1] (to allow
> > reuse
> > >> of
> > >> >> an warm container for multiple activations concurrently); this
can
> > >> improve
> > >> >> throughput for those actions that can tolerate it (FYI per-action
> > >> config is
> > >> >> not implemented yet). It suffers from similar inaccuracy of kafka
> > >> >> ingestion at invoker “how many messages should I read”? But
I think
> > we
> > >> can
> > >> >> tune this a bit by adding some intelligence to Invoker/MessageFeed
> > >> like “if
> > >> >> I never see ContainerPool indicate it is busy, read more next
> time” -
> > >> that
> > >> >> is, allow ContainerPool to backpressure MessageFeed based on
> ability
> > to
> > >> >> consume, and not (as today) strictly on consume+process.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> - Another variant we are investigating is putting a ContainerPool
> > into
> > >> >> Controller. This will prevent container reuse across controllers
> > >> (bad!),
> > >> >> but will bypass kafka(good!). I think this will be plausible for
> > >> actions
> > >> >> that support concurrency, and may be useful for anything that
runs
> as
> > >> >> blocking to improve a few ms of latency, but I’m not sure of
all
> the
> > >> >> ramifications yet.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Another (more far out) approach combines some of these is changing
> > the
> > >> >> “scheduling” concept to be more resource reservation and garbage
> > >> >> collection. Specifically that the ContainerPool could be a
> > combination
> > >> of
> > >> >> self-managed resources AND remote managed resources. If no proper
> > >> (warm)
> > >> >> container exists locally or remotely, a self-managed one is
> created,
> > >> and
> > >> >> advertised. Other ContainerPool instances can leverage the remote
> > >> resources
> > >> >> (containers). To pause or remove a container requires advertising
> > >> intent to
> > >> >> change state, and giving clients time to veto. So there is some
> added
> > >> >> complication in the start/reserver/pause/rm container lifecycle,
> but
> > >> the
> > >> >> case for reuse is maximized in best case scenario (concurrency
> > tolerant
> > >> >> actions) and concurrency intolerant actions have a chance to
> > leverage a
> > >> >> broader pool of containers (iff the ability to reserve a shared
> > >> available
> > >> >> container is fast enough, compared to starting a new cold one).
> There
> > >> is a
> > >> >> lot wrapped in there (how are resources advertised, what are the
> new
> > >> states
> > >> >> of lifecycle, etc), so take this idea with a grain of salt.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Specific to your PR: do you need an SPI for ContainerProxy? Or
can
> it
> > >> >> just be designated by the ContainerPool impl to use a specific
> > >> >> ContainerProxy variant? I think these are now and will continue
to
> be
> > >> tied
> > >> >> closely together, so would manage them as a single SPI.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Thanks
> > >> >> Tyson
> > >> >>
> > >> >> [1]
> > >> 2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fapache%2Fincubator-openwhisk%2Fpull%
> > >> 2F2795&data=02%7C01%7Ctnorris%40adobe.com%7C0c84bff555fb4990
> > >> 142708d5c21dc5e8%7Cfa7b1b5a7b34438794aed2c178decee1%7C0%7C0%
> > >> 7C636628355491109416&sdata=WsPtzIMCpQsGQDML8n1Jm%2BbsBj8BWhw
> > >> IJ%2B9wiQjkQOE%3D&reserved=0<http
> > >> >> s://github.com/apache/incubator-openwhisk/pull/2795#pullrequ
> > >> >> estreview-115830270>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> On May 16, 2018, at 10:42 PM, Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com
> > <mailto:
> > >> st
> > >> >> yle9595@gmail.com>> wrote:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Dear all.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Does anyone have any comments on this?
> > >> >> Any comments or opinions would be greatly welcome : )
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I think we need around following changes to take this in.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> 1. SPI supports for ContainerProxy and ContainerPool ( I already
> > >> opened PR
> > >> >> for this:
> >
> > >> >> 2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fapache%2Fincubator-openwhisk%2Fpull%
> > >> >> 2F3663&data=02%7C01%7Ctnorris%40adobe.com%7Cb2dd7c5686bc466f
> > >> >> 92f708d5bbb8f43d%7Cfa7b1b5a7b34438794aed2c178decee1%7C0%7C0%
> > >> >> 7C636621325405375234&sdata=KYHyOGosc%2BqMIFLVVRO2gYCYZRegfQL
> > >> >> l%2BfGjSvtGI9k%3D&reserved=0)
> > >> >> 2. SPI supports for Throttling/Entitlement logics
> > >> >> 3. New loadbalancer
> > >> >> 4. New ContainerPool and ContainerProxy
> > >> >> 5. New notions for limit and logics to hanlde more fine-grained
> > >> limit.(It
> > >> >> should be able to coexist with existing limit)
> > >> >>
> > >> >> If there's no any comments, I will open a PR based on it one by
> one.
> > >> >> Then it would be better for us to discuss on this because we can
> > >> directly
> > >> >> discuss over basic implementation.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Thanks
> > >> >> Regards
> > >> >> Dominic.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> 2018-05-09 11:42 GMT+09:00 Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com
> <mailto:
> > st
> > >> >> yle9595@gmail.com>>:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> One more thing to clarify is invoker parallelism.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ##*.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> More precisely, I think it is related to Kafka consumer rather
than
> > >> >> invoker. Invoker logic can run in parallel. But `MessageFeed`
seems
> > >> not.
> > >> >> Once outstanding message size reaches max size, it will wait for
> > >> messages
> > >> >> processed. If few activation messages for an action are not
> properly
> > >> >> handled, `MessageFeed` does not consume more message from
> Kafka(until
> > >> any
> > >> >> messages are processed).
> > >> >> So subsequent messages for other actions cannot be fetched or
> delayed
> > >> due
> > >> >> to unprocessed messages. This is why I mentioned invoker
> > parallelism. I
> > >> >> think I should rephrase it as `MessageFeed` parallelism.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> As you know partition is unit of parallelism in Kafka. If we have
> > >> multiple
> > >> >> partitions for activation topic, we can setup multiple consumers
> and
> > it
> > >> >> will enable parallel processing for Kafka messages as well.
> > >> >> Since logics in invoker can already run in parallel, with this
> > change,
> > >> we
> > >> >> can process messages entirely in parallel.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> In my proposal, I split activation messages from container
> > coordination
> > >> >> message(action parallelism), assign more partition for activation
> > >> >> messages(in-topic parallelism) and enable parallel processing
with
> > >> >> multiple
> > >> >> consumers(containers).
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Thanks
> > >> >> Regards
> > >> >> Dominic.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> 2018-05-08 19:34 GMT+09:00 Dominic Kim <style9595@gmail.com
> <mailto:
> > st
> > >> >> yle9595@gmail.com>>:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Thank you for the response Markus and Christian.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Yes I agree that we need to discuss this proposal in abstract
way
> > >> instead
> > >> >> in conjunction it with any specific technology because we can
take
> > >> better
> > >> >> software stack if possible.
> > >> >> Let me answer your questions line by line.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## Does not wait for previous run.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Yes it is valid thoughts. If we keep cumulating requests in the
> > queue,
> > >> >> latency can be spiky especially in case execution time of action
is
> > >> huge.
> > >> >> So if we want to take this in, we need to find proper way to
> balance
> > >> >> creating more containers for latency and making existing containers
> > >> handle
> > >> >> requests.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## Not able to accurately control concurrent invocation.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Ok I originally thought this is related to concurrent containers
> > rather
> > >> >> than concurrent activations.
> > >> >> But I am still inclined to concurrent containers approach.
> > >> >> In current logic, it is dependent on factors other than real
> > concurrent
> > >> >> invocations.
> > >> >> If RTT between controllers and invokers becomes high for some
> > reasons,
> > >> >> controller will reject new requests though invokers are actually
> > idle.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## TPS is not deterministic.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I meant not deterministic TPS for just one user rather I meant
> > >> >> system-wide deterministic TPS.
> > >> >> Surely TPS can vary when heterogenous actions(which have different
> > >> >> execution time) are invoked.
> > >> >> But currently it's not easy to figure out what the TPS is with
> only 1
> > >> >> kind of action because it is changed based on not only
> heterogeneity
> > of
> > >> >> actions but the number of users and namespaces.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I think at least we need to be able to have this kind of official
> > spec:
> > >> >> In case actions with 20 ms execution time are invoked, our system
> TPS
> > >> is
> > >> >> 20,000 TPS(no matter how many users or namespaces are used).
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Your understanding about my proposal is perfectly correct.
> > >> >> Small thing to add is, controller sends `ContainerCreation` request
> > >> based
> > >> >> on processing speed of containers rather than availability of
> > existing
> > >> >> containers.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> BTW, regarding your concern about Kafka topic, I think we may
be
> fine
> > >> >> because,
> > >> >> the number of topics will be unbounded, but the number of active
> > topics
> > >> >> will be bounded.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> If we take this approach, it is mandatory to limit retention bytes
> > and
> > >> >> duration for each topics.
> > >> >> So the number of active topics is limited and actual data in them
> are
> > >> >> also limited, so I think that would be fine.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> But it is necessary to have optimal configurations for retention
> and
> > >> many
> > >> >> benchmark to confirm this.
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> And I didn't get the meaning of eventual consistency of consumer
> lag.
> > >> >> You meant that is eventual consistent because it changes very
> quickly
> > >> >> even within one second?
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Thanks
> > >> >> Regards
> > >> >> Dominic
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >> 2018-05-08 17:25 GMT+09:00 Markus Thoemmes <
> > markus.thoemmes@de.ibm.com
> > >> <ma
> > >> >> ilto:markus.thoemmes@de.ibm.com>>:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Hey Dominic,
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Thank you for the very detailed writeup. Since there is a lot
in
> > here,
> > >> >> please allow me to rephrase some of your proposals to see if I
> > >> understood
> > >> >> correctly. I'll go through point-by-point to try to keep it close
> to
> > >> your
> > >> >> proposal.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> **Note:** This is a result of an extensive discussion of Christian
> > >> >> Bickel (@cbickel) and myself on this proposal. I used "I"
> throughout
> > >> the
> > >> >> writeup for easier readability, but all of it can be read as "we".
> > >> >>
> > >> >> # Issues:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## Interventions of actions.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> That's a valid concern when using today's loadbalancer. This is
> > >> >> noisy-neighbor behavior that can happen today under the
> circumstances
> > >> you
> > >> >> describe.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## Does not wait for previous run.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> True as well today. The algorithms used until today value
> correctness
> > >> >> over performance. You're right, that you could track the expected
> > queue
> > >> >> occupation and schedule accordingly. That does have its own risks
> > >> though
> > >> >> (what if your action has very spiky latency behavior?).
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I'd generally propose to break this out into a seperate discussion.
> > It
> > >> >> doesn't really correlate to the other points, WDYT?
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ##*.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## Not able to accurately control concurrent invocation.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Well, the limits are "concurrent actions in the system". You should
> > be
> > >> >> able to get 5 activations on the queue with today's mechanism.
You
> > >> should
> > >> >> get as many containers as needed to handle your load. For very
> > >> >> short-running actions, you might not need N containers to handle
N
> > >> >> messages
> > >> >> in the queue.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> ## TPS is not deterministic.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I'm wondering: Have TPS been deterministic for just one user?
I'd
> > argue
> > >> >> that this is a valid metric on its own kind. I agree that these
> > numbers
> > >> >> can
> > >> >> drop significantly under heterogeneous load.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> # Proposal:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I'll try to rephrase and add some bits of abstraction here and
> there
> > to
> > >> >> see if I understood this correctly:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> The controller should schedule based on individual actions. It
> should
> > >> >> not send those to an arbitrary invoker but rather to something
that
> > >> >> identifies those actions themselves (a kafka topic in your
> example).
> > >> I'll
> > >> >> call this *PerActionContainerPool*. Those calls from the controller
> > >> will
> > >> >> be
> > >> >> handled by each *ContainerProxy* directly rather than being
> threaded
> > >> >> through another "centralized" component (the invoker). The
> > >> >> *ContainerProxy*
> > >> >> is responsible for handling the "aftermath": Writing activation
> > >> records,
> > >> >> collecting logs etc (like today).
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Iff the controller thinks that the existing containers cannot
> sustain
> > >> >> the load (i.e. if all containers are currently in use), it advises
> a
> > >> >> *ContainerCreationSystem* (all invokers combined in your case)
to
> > >> create a
> > >> >> new container. This container will be added to the
> > >> >> *PerActionContainerPool*.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> The invoker in your proposal has no scheduling logic at all (which
> is
> > >> >> sound with the issues lined out above) other than container
> creation
> > >> >> itself.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> # Conclusion:
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I like the proposal in the abstract way I've tried to phrase above.
> > It
> > >> >> indeed amplifies warm-container usage and in general should be
> > >> superior to
> > >> >> the more statistical approach of today's loadbalancer.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I think we should discuss this proposal in an abstract,
> > >> >> non-technology-bound way. I do think that having so many kafka
> topics
> > >> >> including all the rebalancing needed can become an issue,
> especially
> > >> >> because the sheer number of kafka topics is unbounded. I also
think
> > >> that
> > >> >> the consumer lag is subject to eventual consistency and depending
> on
> > >> how
> > >> >> eventual that is it can turn into queueing in your system, even
> > though
> > >> >> that
> > >> >> wouldn't be necessary from a capacity perspective.
> > >> >>
> > >> >> I don't want to ditch the proposal because of those concerns
> though!
> > >> >>
> > >> >> As I said: The proposal itself makes a lot of sense and I like
it a
> > >> lot!
> > >> >> Let's not trap ourselves in the technology used today though.
> You're
> > >> >> proposing a major restructuring so we might as well think more
> > >> >> green-fieldy. WDYT?
> > >> >>
> > >> >> Cheers,
> > >> >> Christian and Markus
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >>
> > >> >
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> >
> | http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/openwhisk-dev/201806.mbox/%3CCAFEpjOqSShhYR8ULAmRQuUW_Jnx-pqu5sNkmx1yJTCekyfnUYg@mail.gmail.com%3E | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | refinedweb | 4,508 | 56.05 |
Hello,
Just wondering if there is any method to get HID keyboard report out byte in python code.
Reason for asking:
when a py board connected to a host computer and acts as a HID keyboard if you have another keyboard connected to the same host and press "CAPS LOCK" then capitalization on the characters you send out from pyboard will change. For example if you intend to send 'A' you will receive 'a' and vise versa.
Also HID keyboard report out could be used to check the status of "SCROLL LOCK" and "TAB" which add many useful functionalities to switch between USB modes without the user button. Users can store the last mode in a non volatile memory and switch it by pressing any of keys available in report out byte.
Looking forward to have your input.
HID Keyboard Report out from python (e.g. CAPS LOCK Status)
General discussions and questions abound development of code with MicroPython that is not hardware specific.
Target audience: MicroPython Users.
Target audience: MicroPython Users.
Post Reply
3 posts • Page 1 of 1
- Posts: 10
- Joined: Mon Jul 08, 2019 9:15 pm
Re: HID Keyboard Report out from python (e.g. CAPS LOCK Status)
Using the recv method on the USB_HID class.
I don't have a capslock key on my real keyboard but I tested this using `xdotool key Caps_Lock` and I saw the capslock status being reported on a Pyboard using the above code.
Code: Select all
import pyb kb = pyb.USB_HID() buf = bytearray(1) while True: if kb.recv(buf, timeout=20) > 0: print(buf)
- Posts: 10
- Joined: Mon Jul 08, 2019 9:15 pm
Post Reply
3 posts • Page 1 of 1 | https://forum.micropython.org/viewtopic.php?p=38022 | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | refinedweb | 284 | 71.04 |
problems with 0.69?
Expand Messages
- I was going to debug a couple of problems I had with 0.68, but I
installed 0.69 in order to get the latest version, and now SOAP::Lite
doesn't recognize the vast majority of my API functions at all.
Attempting to use any but the simplest function yields:
Use of uninitialized value in pattern match (m//) at
C:/Perl/site/lib/SOAP/Lite.pm line 427.
Fault: Method '' not implemented: method name or namespace not recognized
the access line line that creates this message looks like
my $result = $SOAP->HitMyFunction('arg1','arg2','arg3');
&detectFault || print "Function hit: $result\n";
Your message has been successfully submitted and would be delivered to recipients shortly. | https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/soaplite/conversations/topics/5567?o=1&source=1&var=1 | CC-MAIN-2015-35 | refinedweb | 121 | 64.71 |
Enums introduced in Java 5.0 (Read: New features in Java 5.0) allows switching to be done based on the enums values. It is one of the greatest new features introduced from the version 5.0. Prior to Java 1.4, switch only worked with int, short, char, and byte values. However, since enums have a finite set of values, Java 1.5 adds switch support for the enum. Some of the advantages of using enums are it is strongly typed, Comparing enums is faster, you can use
== instead
equals() and Enums can implement interfaces, methods and functions.
also read:
Here’s an example of using an enum in a switch statement.
public class EnumSwitcher { public enum Grade { A, B, C, D, F, INCOMPLETE }; public static void main(String[] args) { Grade examGrade = Grade.C; System.out.println('Switching based on the enums values.'); System.out.println(); switch (examGrade) { case A: System.out.println('The students grade is ' + Grade.A); break; case B: // fall through to C case C: System.out.println('The students grade is ' + Grade.C); break; case D: // fall through to F case F: System.out.println('The students grade is ' + Grade.F); break; case INCOMPLETE: System.out.println('The students grade is ' + Grade.INCOMPLETE); break; default: System.out.println('The students grade is unknown.'); break; } } }
Given below is the output of the above program.
Switching based on the enums values. The students grade is C
As you can see from the above example, there is nothing special in using an enum with a switch case statement. | http://javabeat.net/how-to-use-enum-in-switch/ | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | refinedweb | 260 | 70.7 |
On Fri, 4 Jan 2002 16:34:38 -0600,
Florin Iucha <florin@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>I was prompted as expected for "PAGEBUF" and "XFS", but not for kdb. When
>compiling, however, compiling kdb failed. I went into "Kernel Haking" and
>enabled "Kernel Hacking" and disabled kdb.
I missed one set of ifdef during the merge. Updated in ptools, it will
be in CVS in a couple of hours.
--- linux/arch/i386/kernel/traps.c_1.41 Sat Jan 5 13:30:06 2002
+++ linux/arch/i386/kernel/traps.c_1.42 Sat Jan 5 13:30:06 2002
@@ -581,7 +581,9 @@
return;
}
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_KDB
(void)kdb(KDB_REASON_NMI, reason, regs);
+#endif /* CONFIG_KDB */
printk("Uhhuh. NMI received for unknown reason %02x.\n", reason);
printk("Dazed and confused, but trying to continue\n");
printk("Do you have a strange power saving mode enabled?\n"); | http://oss.sgi.com/archives/xfs/2002-01/msg01971.html | CC-MAIN-2015-06 | refinedweb | 140 | 67.45 |
I have a table that has a primary key composed of two columns, neither of which are auto-incrementing, and my Dapper insert (part of Dapper Extensions) is failing on the insert saying that the first of the two columns does not allow a null, even tho the value I'm passing in is not null.
Table
Student:
StudentId (PK, not null) \_ (combined to form primary key) StudentName (PK, not null) / Active -- just another column
C#:
public class Student { public int StudentId { get; set; } public string StudentName { get; set; } public bool Active { get; set; } } var newStudent = new Student { StudentId = 5, StudentName = "Joe", Active = true }; var insertSuccess = myConn.Insert<Student>(newStudent);
Error:
Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'StudentId', table 'dbo.Student'; column does not allow nulls. INSERT fails.
Dapper is for some reason not getting the
StudentId with a value of 5. Do I have to do something special for tables that have combined PK's, or with tables that have PK's that are not auto-incrementing? Thanks.
Adding an AutoClassMapper will change the behavior for all classes. If you wish to handle just this one class you can create a Map for just this class.
public class StudentClassMapper : ClassMapper<Student> { public StudentClassMapper() { Map(x => x.StudentId).Key(KeyType.Assigned); Map(x => x.StudentName).Key(KeyType.Assigned); AutoMap(); // <-- Maps the unmapped columns } } | https://dapper-tutorial.net/knowledge-base/22462987/dapper-insert-into-table-that-has-a-composite-pk | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | refinedweb | 225 | 52.6 |
This is your resource to discuss support topics with your peers, and learn from each other.
12-13-2008 01:36 AM
is it possible to display a screen on top of the homescreen when the keypad is locked?
i tried using the following call
UiApplication.getUiApplication().pushGlobalScreen(
_myScreen, 0, UiEngine.GLOBAL_MODAL);_myScreen, 0, UiEngine.GLOBAL_MODAL);
and nothing happens.and nothing happens.
12-13-2008 10:28 AM
No, you cannot.
In you example, the global screen will only become visible when the device is unlocked.
12-13-2008 12:12 PM
so there is no way?
when i get a call and if i hangup and see the missed call screen on top of the locked homescreen.
so i know it works.
12-13-2008 12:35 PM - edited 12-13-2008 12:36 PM
It works but there is no public API for that.
In RIM API there are several hidden and secret ways/techniques - not published for developers.
It is available only for RIM.
For example there is also "Switch application" window feature, not available for developers.
12-13-2008 01:30 PM
12-13-2008 01:41 PM
No, I've no suggestions.
There are no public classes to deal with. I see no ways how it can be implemented. | https://supportforums.blackberry.com/t5/Java-Development/screen-on-top-of-home-screen-when-key-is-locked/td-p/105975 | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | refinedweb | 214 | 78.55 |
} }
This uses either grails.converters.XML or grails.converters.deep.XML, but doesn’t include my Book’s own defined getFormattedTitle() method in the output on the place that I want, so I needed to adjust things and list the properties myself:
def book = { if(params.id && Book.exists(params.id)) { def b = Book.get(params.id) render(contentType:"text/xml") { book(id:b.id) { title(b.formattedTitle) } } } else { def all = Book.list() render(contentType:"text/xml") { list { all.each { b -> book(id:b.id) { title(b.formattedTitle) } } } } } }
Now I have complete control what properties and or methods are used for the output, but I did violate the DRY principle by having to repeat each modification for a book in the output for a single one or multiple ones. The information I want to show for a Book is the same (whether displayed for a single book of for multiple) so I’m going to use a Closure for it. This is the Closure I initially thought up:
def singleBook = { b -> book(id:b.id) { title(b.formattedTitle) } }
See it it works just for a single book e.g. when /book/1 is called.
... def b = Book.get(params.id) render(contentType:"text/xml", singleBook.curry(b))
Here’s where it went wrong. I thought the Closure returned by curry() would be enough, but the following stacktrace indicated another object was passed along to the Closure.
Caused by: groovy.lang.MissingMethodException: No signature of method: BookController$_closure6.doCall() is applicable for argument types: (Book, groovy.xml.streamingmarkupsupport.BaseMarkupBuilder$Document) values: {Book : 1, groovy.xml.streamingmarkupsupport.BaseMarkupBuilder$Document@1cf6203}
After adding another parameter to the Closure it finally worked, but still for a single Book. The new code (notice the additional
'x'):
def singleBook = { b, x -> book(id:b.id) { title(b.formattedTitle) } }
Now we certainly can make a 2nd Closure which re-uses singleBook right? The draft of the Closure and the adjustment to the calling code:
def singleBook = { b, x -> book(id:b.id) { title(b.formattedTitle) } } def multipleBook = { books, x -> list { books.each { b -> singleBook(b, x) } } } def book = { if(params.id && Book.exists(params.id)) { def b = Book.get(params.id) render(contentType:"text/xml", singleBook.curry(b)) } else { def all = Book.list() render(contentType:"text/xml", multipleBook.curry(all)) } }
No failures here, but this resulted in the following output:
<list> <singleBook> <each>groovy.xml.streamingmarkupsupport.BaseMarkupBuilder$Document@3c72d1</each> </singleBook> <singleBook> <each>groovy.xml.streamingmarkupsupport.BaseMarkupBuilder$Document@3c72d1</each> </singleBook> </list>
Not exactly what we want! Somehow my singleBook is not called correctly. Failing to grasp the entire inner workings of Groovy closures in this markup context, led my to asking a few questions on the Grails user mailinglist. A followup of Peter Ledbrook on Daniel J. Lauk’s reply on my question gave The Hint:
The reason the closure call doesn’t work is that it’s being invoked from a builder, an XML markup builder in this case. Builders typically work by invoking methods on the closure delegate, so if the delegate is wrong, bad stuff happens.
I’ve duplicated the Closure (so the original stays untouched) and changed the delegate of the singleBook clone to the one of multipleBook. The implicit variable delegate (just as this and owner inside a Closure) is by default the same as owner (the enclosing object – a surrounding Closure or this) is typically used by these builders – so we have to change this in order to achieve the functionality we want.
def multipleBook = { books, x -> list { books.each { b -> def closure = singleBook.clone() closure.delegate = delegate closure(b, x) } } }
Bob’s your uncle! Now we have defined the structure of our Book only in a single point, by using an XML markup builder and Closures. Hopefully someone finds this useful when struggling with the same issues. Happy coding! | https://tedvinke.wordpress.com/2009/03/14/curried-closures-xml-markup/ | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | refinedweb | 640 | 51.55 |
Wiki
SCons / WhySconsIsNotSlow
The SCons wiki has moved to
Table of Contents
- The SCons wiki has moved to
- Reviewing the Taskmaster
- Testsuite and fastcpp Tool
- Continued speed analysis
- The stubprocess.py wrapper
Looking around on the Internet, a lot of places can be found where people complain about SCons being horrendously slow, up to the point that it's unusable (for them). One of the most prominent ones seems to be a series of blog articles by Eric Melski: * Another, often linked and cited, comparison that makes SCons look extremely bad is:
-
- Several users jump on the same train, e.g.: Finally, there is the very detailed wonderbuild benchmark at: On the other hand, in our mailing lists we don't very often hear from desperate users that need help speeding up their builds.
So what's true? Does SCons get slow on large builds? And exactly when does this happen and why?
In order to possibly answer some of these questions, I started my own investigations. This meant running a lot of SCons builds under various conditions and recording and evaluating the results.
Reviewing the Taskmaster
In this first part of my investigations, I concentrated on busting the myth that SCons' Taskmaster would show quadratic time complexity behaviour. My basic approach for this was to double up the number of C/CPP files for a given benchmark project, and then compare the profiling output. I assumed that a badly designed Taskmaster would lead to a large increase of running time for the "tasking" parts.
Repositories
All the results of the following discussion can be downloaded as
hg (Mercurial) repo from. In separate folders you can find the raw result data and the scripts that were used to run the examples. Look out for
README.rst or
overview.rst files, they contain some additional info about how things work and what the single subdirectories contain.
Additionally, I created a separate SCons testsuite which is available at. It comprises several real-life projects, control scripts, and the supporting
sconstest package for running all the timings and profilings.
A warning: Both repos are rather large, so be prepared for some download time!
Linear scaling
This section presents results for SCons' "linear scaling" behaviour while running on a single core. With this I mean: "What happens when the number of source files gets doubled up in each step?"
Used machine
For all the tests and speedup comparisons in this section, I used the following machine setup
- 2 Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU E8300 @ 2.83GHz
- 2 GB RAM
- Ubuntu Linux 12.04.02 LTS (x86-64)
- make 3.81
- gcc 4.6.3
- python 2.7.3
The genscons.pl script
This is the original script as used by Eric Melski in his comparison of SCons and make. I additionally downloaded the stable release of SCons v1.2.0 and installed it, just to be sure that I get as close to his setup as possible.
The full set of results can be found in the
scons120_vs_make folder of the
scons_testresults repo.
For a better comparison, here is the original result data by Eric Melski first (as published via
pastebin).
I ran my own series of builds as "clean build" (from scratch), "update" and as "implicit-deps-unchanged update" (for SCons only, with the command-line options
--max-drift=1 --implicit-deps-unchanged). While doing so, the project sizes ranged from 2500 up to 16500 C files.
The measured times don't show a dramatic quadratic increase as claimed. You'll certainly notice that the X axis is scaled differently. That's because I couldn't reach any higher number of C files without my machine starting to swap memory. At the maximum of 16500 C files, SCons required about 1GB of RAM for a clean build, and the update runs as well. The rest of my total 2GB was taken by the OS, which makes me wonder how Eric Melski was able to reach those high numbers of files. By letting the machine swap freely? This would explain the increase of build times, starting at about 20000 C files in his data.
Another thing is, that if a quadratic behaviour for the whole process can be seen, I'd expect at least one module or function to show
O(n**2) behaviour or worse. I mean, if there were a design flaw to be found, it shouldn't affect the whole program/framework but only a part of it, like a module or a single function. This bug would then grow exponentially over the number of files, and drag the overall performance of SCons down.
So I did a full profiling run with
cProfile.py for the two project sizes
d (8500 files) and
e (16500 files). You'll find the complete results in the repo, with all the timings, memory consumption and
pstats files. Here are the profiling results for an update run:
which don't show any significant difference or increase for the percentage of runtime in each function.
As my later experiments showed (see the section "Continued analysis" below), the number of files was still too small for the actual effects to kick in and create a clearly visible bump.
Switching to a more recent SCons version
A comparison of the ancient v1.2.0 with the recent v2.3.0 release (see the folder
scons230_vs_make/genscons in the
scons_testresults repo) didn't show any large differences in runtime behaviour. So for the remaining tests, I decided to switch to a current revision from latest development.
I picked revision 0c9c8aff8f46 of the SCons trunk. This means we talk about the stable 2.3.0 release, plus some additional patches towards 2.3.1 (right after replacing the documentation toolchain).
The generate_libs.py script
This is the script that was used by Noel Llopis in his "Quest for Performance" series. I downloaded it from the website, and disabled all other competitors except SCons and make.
The project sizes were 5000, 10000, 12500 and 15000 CPP files. All the results can be found in the
scons230_vs_make/questfperf/run_original folder.
Wonderbuild
Then I ran the example script from the wonderbuild benchmark with the same numbers of source files.
Find the full set of results in the
scons230_vs_make/wonderbuild/run_original folder.
Patched sources
As for the Melski series, both of these additional benchmarks don't show a strictly quadratic scaling (I'm still investigating where the "hook" in the wonderbuild results for a clean build comes from). However, the differences between the times for make and SCons are rather large.
The main reason for this is that the source files are actually empty, such that the compiler doesn't have anything to do. So the displayed times give a clue about the administrative overhead that each build system needs. But if I compile about 10000 CPP files, I certainly don't expect build times of 2 or 3 minutes.
The CPP and header sources in all the three benchmarks above look something like:
//////// Header: //////// #ifndef class_0_h_ #define class_0_h_ class class_0 { public: class_0(); ~class_0(); }; #endif //////// Source: //////// #include "class_0.h" <several other includes> class_0::class_0() {} class_0::~class_0() {}
I tried to get a more realistic comparison, by throwing in some functions that are actually doing stuff and use the STL to some extent:
//////// Header: //////// #ifndef class_0_h_ #define class_0_h_ #include <string> #include <vector> class class_0 { public: class_0(); ~class_0(); class_0(const class_0 &elem); class_0 &operator=(const class_0 &elem); void addData(const std::string &value); void clear(); private: std::vector<std::string> data; }; #endif //////// Source: //////// #include "class_0.h" <several other includes> using namespace std; class_0::class_0() {} class_0::~class_0() {} class_0::class_0(const class_0 &elem) { data = elem.data; } class_0 &class_0::operator=(const class_0 &elem) { if (&elem == this) { return *this; } data = elem.data; return *this; } void class_0::clear() { data.clear(); } void class_0::addData(const string &value) { data.push_back(value); }
With these patched classes I ran another series for the "Quest for performance" and the "wonderbuild" benchmarks.
Here are the results of the "Quest for performance" script:
and the "wonderbuild" setup:
. The full set of results can be found in the
run_patched folder of
scons230_vs_make/questfperf and
scons230_vs_make/wonderbuild, respectively.
The graphs show how make and SCons times converge when the build steps have some actual load.
Parallel builds
By a lucky coincidence, I could get access to two different multi-core machines for a week. So I seized the chance, wrote some scripts, and ran a full series of SCons/make builds with the parallel "-j" option enabled. My goal was to find out whether SCons has any scaling problems when building things in parallel.
Machines
The first of the machines was a quad-core
- 4 Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU 650 @ 3.20GHz
- 4 GB RAM
- SLES11 SP2, 32bit
Kernel 3.0.13-0.27-pae and the other had eight cores
8 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X3460 @ 2.80GHz
- 4 GB RAM
- SLES10 SP3, 32bit
- Kernel 2.6.16.60-0.54.5-bigsmp
Results
You can find all results and speedup graphs in the
scons230_vs_make/parallel folder and its subdirectories. Please read the
README/overview.rst files for getting a better overview.
In general the results show that the parallel speedups for SCons and make are on par, following are two example graphs. The first was run on the quad core machine and shows the "Quest for performance" results to the left, and the "wonderbuild" speedup to the right:
I repeated the same experiment on the octa core machine, but let the number of threads range between 1 and 12 (again the "wonderbuild" graph is to the right):
As an example of what's actually behind these graphs, here's the full array of single runs from
-j1 to
-j12 for the wonderbuild benchmark on the octa core system:
Testsuite and
fastcpp Tool
So far, we've seen that SCons doesn't perform that bad and with that I mean "It seems to scale pretty well.". To me this indicates that our Taskmaster is doing a good job (despite common belief) and we don't have a more general problem in our source code where quadratic, or higher, complexity goes havoc. Still the update times could probably be a little smaller, which raises the questions
- For what is the overhead of time used in SCons?
- Are there any places for improvement? I searched the Internet and collected some OpenSource projects that use SCons as their build system. Adding the benchmarks above, I compiled a small testsuite for timing and profiling different revisions. This made it easier to tell whether code changes actually improve the performance and in which parts.
You can find the resulting little test framework at
- If you're interested enough to give it a go, please consult its
README.rstfile in the top-level folder to understand how things work.
Disclaimer: It's currently not in a state of "running everywhere", but especially crafted for my very own Ubuntu Linux machine. So, if you try to start the examples on your own, be prepared to run into some pitfalls. You might have to adapt the controlling scripts, or even need to patch the software packages themselves...including the installation of special packages as prerequisites.
Results
With this testsuite I profiled the 0c9c8aff8f46 revision of SCons v2.3.0 mentioned above, in order to have some figures for reference. I won't go into full detail about all the different profiling and results graphs, just check the
testresults/default folder for yourself.
In general, the running time of SCons is distributed over a lot of different modules and functions, making it difficult to identify a single place that is suited for optimization. However, by cycling through patching the source code and rerunning the tests I found two places where a lot of time gets spent on the wrong things in my opinion. At least this is where we could spare a few cycles, especially for large projects with a lot of C/CPP files:
- The prefixes and suffixes for programs, objects and libraries in the default C/CPP builders are set as variables. For example the
ProgramBuilder in
src/engine/SCons/Tool/__init__.py, ll. 196, uses:
prefix = '$PROGPREFIX', suffix = '$PROGSUFFIX', src_suffix = '$OBJSUFFIX',
This means that they have to get substituted every time a corresponding target gets built. 1. Somewhat related to this is the flexibility that we offer when specifiying C/CPP source files. By adding a large list of different scanners for file suffixes,
CSuffixes = [".c", ".C", ".cxx", ".cpp", ".c++", ".cc", ".h", ".H", ".hxx", ".hpp", ".hh", ".F", ".fpp", ".FPP", ".m", ".mm", ".S", ".spp", ".SPP", ".sx"]
,
src/engine/SCons/Tool/__init__.py, ll. 64, we have to check against them for each source file we encounter. When a user knows that he only has CPP files to process, there is simply no need to check for FORTRAN...
So my ideas for improvements were:
- Set suffixes to fixed strings for each OS in a special "fast C/CPP"-Tool.
- In the same manner, restrict the number of possible source file suffixes to a customizable extension, like ".cpp". These observations have led to the development of another external Tool called "fastcpp". It's listed in the ToolsIndex and can be loaded on top of a normal C/CPP building environment.
But mind the warning: It's still in a very experimental state and probably not ready for production work!
The following picture shows the update times of SCons with the
fastcpp tool, against make:
and a comparison of SCons updates with/without the new builder:
All the results and scripts for the
fastcpp builder can be found in the folder
scons_testresults/scons230_trace/fastcpp.
Continued speed analysis
Led by Eric Melski's remarks in his latest article
- , I was finally able to reproduce his results on a larger machine with 8GB RAM. The following graphs and figures are all based on a simplified version of the benchmark, where the actual compiler and linker calls are replaced by the "echo" command. This means faster runtimes for the program and the benchmarks, while still showing the same basic behaviour.
Here are the result graphs for my machine, using CPython (left) and PyPy (right):
I checked both Python interpreters because I found some notices on the Internet that PyPy wouldn't suffer from the same memory
realloc problems as CPython. This turned out to be partly true, and PyPy obviously has a somewhat lesser runtime increase...but it's still there.
I also found this thread
- , and tried disabling the GarbageCollector for a full SCons run. But this didn't help at all and made runtimes even worse...
As Eric found out during his profilings, SCons would spend a lot of time in system call related methods like
waitpid and
fork. So I started to have a close look at the internals, by traceing the whole run with
strace. The results (see folders
scons230_trace/strace and
strace_orig_logs in the
scons_testresults repo) seemed to hint at problems with either the
realloc of CPython's memory allocation, or the futex management in the Kernel. While comparing the running times of single system calls as recorded by strace, the two methods
mremap and
set_robust_list increased their runtime linearly during a build (while the memory usage went up).
The following image displays the difference in accumulated time for two single compile commands (first, second) over the number of required syscalls. While the "first" graph was captured at the start of the build (within the first ten targets), the "second" evaluation is close to the end:
It shows how the time needed for a single compile increases, throughout the build of the full project. So I patched the SCons sources, such that no shell/process would be spawned but only the target files got created by
touching them in Python directly.
# HG changeset patch # Parent d53323337b3accbe3b88280fd0597580a1b5e894 diff -r d53323337b3a -r 1fc40f790145 src/engine/SCons/Action.py --- a/src/engine/SCons/Action.py Sun Jan 05 13:27:10 2014 +0100 +++ b/src/engine/SCons/Action.py Thu Jan 09 09:16:10 2014 +0100 @@ -801,17 +801,22 @@ source = executor.get_all_sources() cmd_list, ignore, silent = self.process(target, list(map(rfile, source)), env, executor) + for t in target: + tf = open(str(t),"w") + tf.write("\n") + tf.close() + # Use len() to filter out any "command" that's zero-length. -) return 0 def get_presig(self, target, source, env, executor=None):
Then I ran the full benchmark again, with the following results (again CPython to the left, and PyPy on the right side):
In comparison to the results above, these curves clearly show how a large overhead gets introduced by spawning shells and waiting for the processes to finish. SCons itself (finding/processing tasks, keeping track of build signatures, scanning of implicit dependencies) appears to scale just fine.
Inspired by Trevor Highland and his comment in, I wrote this little Python script that spawns single processes in quick succession. By allocating more and more memory at the same time, the runtimes for the single process calls seem to grow.
import os import sys perc='%' def main(): cycles = 25000 append = True if len(sys.argv) > 1: cycles = int(sys.argv[1]) if len(sys.argv) > 2: append = False print "Starting %d cycles..." % cycles m_list = [] cnt = 0 for i in xrange(cycles): cnt += 1 args = ['echo', '%d/%d (%.2f%s)' % (cnt, cycles, float(cnt)*100.0/float(cycles), perc)] os.spawnvpe(os.P_WAIT, args[0], args, os.environ) signature ='A'*20000 if append: m_list.append(signature) print "Done." if __name__ == "__main__": main()
I then rewrote this to a C program, again trying to mimic SCons' basic process of repeatedly building targets and then collecting build infos in memory:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #define MAXCYCLES 32000 #define SIGLEN 20000 int main(int argc, char **argv) { int cnt = 0; int cycles = MAXCYCLES; char echo_arg[100]; pid_t child_pid; int child_status; if (argc > 1) { cycles = atoi(argv[1]); if (cycles > MAXCYCLES) { cycles = MAXCYCLES; printf("Warning: setting number of cycles to internal maximum of %d!", MAXCYCLES); } } printf("Starting %d cycles...\n", cycles); char *m_list[MAXCYCLES]; for (; cnt < cycles; ++cnt) { sprintf(echo_arg, "%d/%d (%.2f%%)", cnt, cycles, ((double) cnt)*100.0/((double) cycles)); printf("%s\n", echo_arg); child_pid = fork(); if (child_pid == 0) { /* This is done by the child process. */ execlp("echo", echo_arg, NULL); /* If execvp returns, it must have failed. */ printf("Unknown command\n"); exit(0); } else { /* This is run by the parent. Wait for the child to terminate. */ while (wait(&child_status) != child_pid) ; } m_list[cnt] = malloc(SIGLEN*sizeof(char)); strcpy(m_list[cnt], echo_arg); } printf("Done.\n"); }
It should be compilable with:
gcc -o spawn_test spawn_test.c
The running times for the latter C program on my machine, as measured with
/usr/bin/time, are:
cycles | elapsed time --------------------- 2000 | 0:01.69 4000 | 0:04.04 8000 | 0:10.72 16000 | 0:32.51 32000 | 1:46.85
So, while the number of cycles (spawned processes) doubles in each step, the running time doesn't scale linearly with it.
I asked about this problem on the
kernel-dev mailing list and
glibc-help. The Kernel list didn't deliver any answers (it was the wrong forum in hindsight), but some of the glibc users gave very helpful advice and insight in the following threads:
- spawning (exec*/wait) shows non-constant time if memory grows
- Memory consumption of iconv
The stubprocess.py wrapper
Many thanks go to Tzvetan Mikov, who volunteered and found the place in the code where
fork does its bad things:
"It is happening in the kernel: fork() needs to duplicate all page table entries of the parent process, so by definition its cost is proportional to the size of the address space. I don't think there is a big mystery there, unless I am missing something (which I might very well be) - it needs to do some amount of work for every 4K page of address space. You can examine kernel/fork.c:dup_mmap() and mm/memory.c:copy_page_range() in the kernel source (e.g. at )" In parallel, the Parts team around Jason Kenny (Intel, Paris) reported to have experienced similar performance problems:
- They wrote a wrapper module (big thanks to its author Eugene Leskinen!) that is able to redefine the default subprocess.call() method. Under Posix systems it then uses the more lightweight posix_spawn() to create a new shell process. An option that is not directly available in the current implementations of the standard subprocess Python module.
This extension provides a significant speedup, because the slow
fork is out of the way. Here are the runtimes (see also folder
scons230_trace/stubprocess in the
scons_testresults repo) for a clean build, compared to make:
and compared to the default spawn method:
We also compared the runtimes between SCons and make, for the patched sources (using STL to make up for more realistic CPP files) of the "Quest for performance" example from above (see the folder
scons230_trace/stubprocess_patched in the
scons_testresults repo):
One can see how build times are only about 20% higher than for make, and if your CPP sources happen to be a "little more complicated" (driving the compile time for each source further up) you should be on the safe side...
Our current plans ( see ) include to integrate this wrapper to the next release 2.4 of SCons.
Updated | https://bitbucket.org/scons/scons/wiki/WhySconsIsNotSlow | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | refinedweb | 3,557 | 62.48 |
WAIT(2) NetBSD System Calls Manual WAIT(2)Powered by man-cgi (2021-03-02). Maintained for NetBSD by Kimmo Suominen. Based on man-cgi by Panagiotis Christias.
NAME
wait, waitpid, wait4, wait3 -- wait for process termination
LIBRARY
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/wait.h> pid_t wait(int *status); pid_t waitpid(pid_t wpid, int *status, int options); #include <sys/resource.h>() call provides a more general interface for programs that need to wait for certain child processes, that need resource utilization sta- tistics accumulated by child processes, or that require options. The other wait functions are implemented using wait4(). The wpid parameterNOHANG . process. Note that these macros expect the status value itself, not a pointer to the status value.. 6 AT&T UNIX. NetBSD 5.0.1 May 24, 2004 NetBSD 5.0.1 | http://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-5.0.1/wait.2 | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | refinedweb | 137 | 60.51 |
.
11 comments:
Robert Kern said...
Knowing the variety of ways in which your code fails (and where it doesn’t fail) helps you find the bug.
illume said...
Keeping the tests separate is good for a number of reasons...
-* Isolate crashes.
-* Parallelism, dividing tests up between many workers.
-* Measuring each test individually.
Fuzzyman said...
There was much about py.test that was inspiring - but I had exactly the same reaction to you about the generator tests.
Test modularity is great, but why not call 'check' directly?
I can't see any tangible benefit from making a test into a generator.
Mike Pirnat said...
Generative tests are clearly beneficial to those of us who're now struggling with dot addiction. ;-)
Ορέστης said...
My guess is that when using the generative test, you can wrap the call to 'check' with something like:
try:
check(*args)
except:
print 'error for', *args
only once in your test framework, whereas the other way round you would have to add the reporting in every check.
Not a very big argument, but still a nice pattern if you do it a lot.
Fuzzyman said...
I don't see any benefit over the following pattern instead:
def check(x):
# do assert
# with error handling
def test_generative():
for x in (42,17,49):
check(x)
Ορέστης said...
Your check method includes both the assertion and the error checking. My check method contains only the assertion. That leads to cleaner tests. Let's stop spamming the comments of this blog. :)
Floris Bruynooghe said...
Heh, that's not spamming!
But when do you want to do error handling for your assert statments in unittests? I don't think I've ever done something like that. Usually the test runner shows enough info and even if it doesn't it tend to add print statments before the asserts and rely on py.test or nose to catch the output.
John M Camara said...
In your example the generative test case will test x when it is 42, 17, and 49. In the other case only 42 and 17 will be tested as 17 will fail the assertion. Often it can be helpful to see all the failing test cases as it can provide better insights as to what really needs to be fix. Sometimes the first case that fails might not be a good indicated of the issue at hand. This happens all to frequent when you're not testing the normal or "happy" paths.
Fuzzyman said...
Ok - that's actually a valid use case. :-)
Every generated test is a separate test case and even if one fails they will all be executed.
Dave said...
One advantage is if the test framework creates unique names for each test (nose does, I don't know about py.test) then you can run a single test by naming it on the command line.
With the non-generative test you would have to edit the test to comment out all the cases you were not interested in.
New comments are not allowed. | http://blog.devork.be/2008/09/generative-tests.html | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | refinedweb | 507 | 74.69 |
This post is a literate Haskell file: so there are few imports, and
{-# LANGUAGE TypedKitchenSink #-}.
{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-} {-# LANGUAGE KindSignatures #-} {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} {-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-} {-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-} {-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-} {-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-} {-# LANGUAGE TypeOperators #-} {-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wall #-} module ListApi where import Data.Text (Text) import Data.Type.Equality import Generics.SOP import Generics.SOP.TH import Servant
How you indent your servant api types?
type API1 = "foo" :> Get '[JSON] Int :<|> "bar" :> QueryParam "q" Text :> Get '[JSON] Text :<|> "quu" :> ReqBody '[JSON] Text :> Post '[JSON] Bool type API2 = "foo" :> Get '[JSON] Int :<|> "bar" :> QueryParam "q" Text :> Get '[JSON] Text :<|> "quu" :> ReqBody '[JSON] Text :> Post '[JSON] Bool type API3 = "foo" :> Get '[JSON] Int :<|> "bar" :> QueryParam "q" Text :> Get '[JSON] Text :<|> "quu" :> ReqBody '[JSON] Text :> Post '[JSON] Bool
There seems to be an unsolvable aesthetic vs. diff-friendly problem!
Let's add a type-family!
type family ListApi (es :: [*]) :: * where ListApi '[e] = e ListApi (e ': es) = e :<|> ListApi es
With the help of
ListApi, we can reduce the indentation problem to how we indent (type-level) lists:
type API' = '[ "foo" :> Get '[JSON] Int , "bar" :> QueryParam "q" Text :> Get '[JSON] Text , "quu" :> ReqBody '[JSON] Text :> Post '[JSON] Bool ] type API = ListApi API'
The
API and previously defined types are the same:
proof :: API :~: API1 proof = Refl
Yet to write the
Server API, we still need to use
:<|>. The problem is not solved properly yet. There is generic client in
servant-client (PR#640), and we can use the same idea for server part too: we need one more type family and
generics-sop:
type family ServerMap (xs :: [*]) :: [*] where ServerMap '[] = '[] ServerMap (x ': xs) = Server x ': ServerMap xs newtype Ser x = Ser (Server x) listApiServer :: forall a x xs. (Generic a, SListI xs, Code a ~ '[ServerMap (x ': xs)]) => Proxy (x ': xs) -> a -> Server (ListApi (x ': xs)) listApiServer _ = step1 . step0 (shape :: Shape (x ': xs)) . unZ . unSOP . from where step0 :: forall ys. Shape ys -> NP I (ServerMap ys) -> NP Ser ys step0 ShapeNil Nil = Nil step0 (ShapeCons s) (I x :* ys) = Ser x :* step0 s ys step1 :: forall y ys. NP Ser (y ': ys) -> Server (ListApi (y ': ys)) step1 (Ser x :* Nil) = x step1 (Ser x :* ys@(_ :* _)) = x :<|> step1 ys -- this doesn't work: -- inAsingleStep -- :: Shape ys -- -> NP I (ServerMap (y ': ys)) -- -> Server (ListApi (y ': ys)) -- inAsingleStep ShapeNil (I x :* Nil) = Nil
This function is written in the infamous banzai mode, to convince GHC the program is well-typed. The
Proxy argument is not obviously required, but the following code would be ambiguous without it. The
Shape parameter in
step0 is needed because GHC cannot reason backwards
ServerMap xs ~ '[] →
xs ~ '[] (
ServerMap is injective only shallowly,
Server isn't injective!). We need two steps, because going directly from
NP I (ServerMap ys) to
Server (ListApi ys) would require to deal with two type-families at once, and GHC had Also,
step1 highlights the question: should we have a type for an identity element of
:<|> operation?
With the help of
ListApi and
listApiServer, we could define the server implementation in a neat way, IMO:
api :: Proxy API api = Proxy api' :: Proxy API' api' = Proxy data ApiImpl m = ApiImpl { apiFoo :: m Int , apiBar :: Maybe Text -> m Text , apiQuu :: Text -> m Bool } deriveGeneric ''ApiImpl check :: Code (ApiImpl Handler) :~: '[ServerMap API'] check = Refl app :: Application app = serve api $ listApiServer api' impl where impl :: ApiImpl Handler impl = ApiImpl {..} apiFoo = return 42 apiBar Nothing = return "empty" apiBar (Just x) = return x apiQuu t = return (t == "works?")
If you experiment with the code and try to change the types in
ApiImpl fields, then the
check "test" will catch them. It seems, that errors generated from type-checking
check are way more to the point than type-errors in "classic"
serve api $ endpoint1 :<|> endpoint2 :<|> ... approach.
I tend to have small wrappers around actual implementation of endpoints, (i.e. I do write
apiFoo which calls
businessFoo, which knows little or nothing about the web) so the
ApiImpl is the only additional boilerplate.
Would this be useful? Give it a spin! Please comment either directly to me (tweet) or to
servant issue.
You can run this file with
stack --resolver=nightly-2017-03-01 ghci --ghci-options='-pgmL markdown-unlit' *Main> :l servant-server-type.lhs
fetch the source from
P.S. Someone, please fix
DataKinds syntax highlighting in whatever
pandoc uses! | https://oleg.fi/gists/posts/2017-03-15-solution-to-servant-type-indentation-problem.html | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | refinedweb | 711 | 66.17 |
So far, the classes we've defined have modeled
mathematical abstractions like rectangles and complex numbers. It is
easy to imagine other objects that model things like a mailing
address or a record in a database. This is not a requirement,
however: classes do not have to model
"things." They merely have to hold
some state (i.e., define some fields) and optionally define methods
to manipulate that state. Example 2-6 is just this
kind of class: it computes simple statistics about a series of numbers.
As numbers are passed to the addDatum( ) method,
the Averager class updates its internal state so
that its other methods can easily return the average and standard
deviation of the numbers that have been passed to it so far. Although
this Averager class does not model any
"thing," we've
followed the Java naming convention of giving classes names that are
nouns (although, in this case, we had to use a noun that does not
appear in any dictionary).
package je3.classes;
/**
* A class to compute the running average of numbers passed to it
**/
public class Averager {
// Private fields to hold the current state.
private int n = 0;
private double sum = 0.0, sumOfSquares = 0.0;
/**
* This method adds a new datum into the average.
**/
public void addDatum(double x) {
n++;
sum += x;
sumOfSquares += x * x;
}
/** This method returns the average of all numbers passed to addDatum( ) */
public double getAverage( ) { return sum / n; }
/** This method returns the standard deviation of the data */
public double getStandardDeviation( ) {
return Math.sqrt(((sumOfSquares - sum*sum/n)/n));
}
/** This method returns the number of numbers passed to addDatum( ) */
public double getNum( ) { return n; }
/** This method returns the sum of all numbers passed to addDatum( ) */
public double getSum( ) { return sum; }
/** This method returns the sum of the squares of all numbers. */
public double getSumOfSquares( ) { return sumOfSquares; }
/** This method resets the Averager object to begin from scratch */
public void reset( ) { n = 0; sum = 0.0; sumOfSquares = 0.0; }
/**
* This nested class is a simple test program we can use to check that
* our code works okay.
**/
public static class Test {
public static void main(String args[ ]) {
Averager a = new Averager( );
for(int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) a.addDatum(i);
System.out.println("Average: " + a.getAverage( ));
System.out.println("Standard Deviation: " +
a.getStandardDeviation( ));
System.out.println("N: " + a.getNum( ));
System.out.println("Sum: " + a.getSum( ));
System.out.println("Sum of squares: " + a.getSumOfSquares( ));
}
}
}
Example 2-6 introduces
an important new feature. The Averager class
defines a static inner class named
Test. This class,
Averager.Test, contains a main(
) method and is thus a standalone program suitable for
testing the Averager class. When you compile the
Averager.java file, you get two class files,
Averager.class and
Averager$Test.class. Running this nested
Averager.Test class is a little tricky. You
ought to be able to do so like this:
% java je3.classes.Averager.Test
However, current versions of the
Java SDK
don't correctly map from the class name
Averager.Test to the class file
Averager$Test.class. So, to run the test
program, you must invoke the Java interpreter using a
$ character instead of a .
character in the class name:
% java je3.classes.Averager$Test
On a Unix system, however, you should be aware that the
$ character has special significance
and must be escaped. Therefore, on such a system, you have to type:
% java je3.classes.Averager\$Test
or:
% java 'je3.classes.Averager$Test'
You must use this technique whenever you need to run a Java program
that is defined as an inner class. | http://books.gigatux.nl/mirror/javaexamples/0596006209_jenut3-chp-2-sect-6.html | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | refinedweb | 595 | 57.27 |
Start callback method of a resource type implementation is called by the RGM on a chosen cluster node to start the resource. The resource group name, the resource name, and resource type name are passed on the command line. The Start method performs the actions that are needed to start a data service resource in the cluster node. Typically this involves retrieving the resource properties, locating the application specific executable file, configuration files, or both, and starting the application with the correct command-line arguments.
With the DSDL, the resource configuration is already retrieved by the scds_initialize() function. The startup action for the application can be contained in a function svc_start(). Another function, svc_wait(), can be called to verify that the application actually starts. The simplified code for the Start method is as follows:
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { scds_handle_t handle; if (scds_initialize(&handle, argc, argv)!= SCHA_ERR_NOERR) { return (1); /* Initialization Error */ } if (svc_validate(handle) != 0) { return (1); /* Invalid settings */ } if (svc_start(handle) != 0) { return (1); /* Start failed */ } return (svc_wait(handle)); }
This start method implementation calls svc_validate() to validate the resource configuration. If it fails, either the resource configuration and application configuration do not match or there is currently a problem on this cluster node with regard to the system. For example, a cluster file system that is needed by the resource might currently not be available on this cluster node. In this case, it is futile to attempt to start the resource on this cluster node. It is better to let the RGM attempt to start the resource on a different node.
Note, however, that the preceding statement assumes that svc_validate() is sufficiently conservative, checking only for resources on the cluster node that are required by the application. Otherwise, the resource might fail to start on all cluster nodes and thus enter a START_FAILED state. See the Oracle Solaris Cluster Data Services Planning and Administration Guide for an explanation of this state.
The svc_start() function must return 0 for a successful startup of the resource on the node. If the startup function encounters a problem, it must return nonzero. Upon failure of this function, the RGM attempts to start the resource on a different cluster node.
To take advantage of the DSDL as much as possible, the svc_start() function can call the scds_pmf_start() utility to start the application under the Process Monitor Facility (PMF). This utility also uses the failure callback action feature of the PMF to detect process failure. See the description of the -a action argument in the pmfadm(1M) man page for more information. | http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23623_01/html/E26822/dsdl_designing-4.html | CC-MAIN-2016-22 | refinedweb | 428 | 53.71 |
Possible Duplicate:
Python: How do I pass a variable by reference?
My code :
locs = [ [1], [2] ] for loc in locs: loc = [] print locs # prints => [ [1], [2] ]
Why is
loc not reference of elements of
locs ?
Python : Everything is passed as reference unless explicitly copied [ Is this not True ? ]
Please explain.. how does python decides referencing and copying ?
Update :
How to do ?
def compute(ob): if isinstance(ob,list): return process_list(ob) if isinstance(ob,dict): return process_dict(ob) for loc in locs: loc = compute(loc) # What to change here to make loc a reference of actual locs iteration ?
- locs must contain the final processed response !
- I don't want to use
enumerate, is it possible without it ?
Best Solution
Effbot (aka Fredrik Lundh) has described Python's variable passing style as call-by-object:
Objects are allocated on the heap and pointers to them can be passed around anywhere.
x = 1000, a dictionary entry is created that maps the string "x" in the current namespace to a pointer to the integer object containing one thousand.
x = 2000, a new integer object is created and the dictionary is updated to point at the new object. The old one thousand object is unchanged (and may or may not be alive depending on whether anything else refers to the object).
y = x, a new dictionary entry "y" is created that points to the same object as the entry for "x".
x = []; y = x; x.append(10); print ywill print
[10]. The empty list was created. Both "x" and "y" point to the same list. The append method mutates (updates) the list object (like adding a record to a database) and the result is visible to both "x" and "y" (just as a database update would be visible to every connection to that database).
Hope that clarifies the issue for you. | https://itecnote.com/tecnote/python-when-is-a-variable-passed-by-reference-and-when-by-value/ | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | refinedweb | 307 | 64.3 |
The United States Postal Service has developed an API which exposes several of the agency’s services to third party developers. This service is relatively clear cut in it’s operation, and the technical information is acceptable. However, the material provided by the USPS only provides one code example using JavaScript, which is a problem if your project is a Windows application, or a class that is to operate as a service.
Rather than reproducing the United States Postal Service Web Toolkit Development guide here, I will refer you to the official web site where you can register as a user and obtain the Postal Service’s own materials. What we will focus on here is what the USPS does not clarify.
What’s the problem?
Visual Studio .Net is (according to Microsoft) designed to make implementing web services very easy. And this appears to be true, especially if you are using Microsoft’s own flavor of web services (.Net Remoting), or SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol). When we add a web reference using Microsoft’s suggested methodology, we right click on our project, select “Add Service Reference”, we get the “Add Service Reference” dialog. If we look to the bottom left of this dialog, we find the “Advanced” button. We can click on that “Advanced” button to get to the “Service Reference Settings” dialog, where (again) we find the “Add Web Reference” button in the lower left corner. Now we have the “Add Web Reference” dialog, where we would normally enter the URL to a web service that we wish to consume. The problem is, if we enter the base URL (without parameter XML), Visual Studio is unable to validate the service reference. When Visual Studio creates a “Web Reference”, it queries the service provider for a dynamic WSDL (Web Service Description Language). We are not able to get this from the USPS Web Tools because the API wants to see a fully qualified request before it provides ANY response. From what I have seen in my search engine queries on this matter, I am not the only one to have spent hours banging my head on the table trying to get around this dilemma. But, bang your head no more for I have found a solution.
The answer should have been obvious.
As we were discussing the dilemma I was facing, a friend was poking around the search engines and showed me a web site that discussed a similar scenario, brining web content into a .Net application. When I looked at what he had on his screen, I saw the writer was using the WebClient class of the System.Net namespace. I went and threw some down and dirty code in a junk project, and vioala! I got the response I was looking for. So, here is the solution we came up with:
The Solution.
Create your project in either VB.Net or C#. In this case, we are creating a Class Library project. Now we need to include the System.Net namespace.
In VB.Net add the following to the imports section at the top of your source:
Imports System.Net
If you are a C# person, enter this to the declarations section of your C# project:
using System.Net;
In either case, we want to rename our class “WebTools”, and rename the corresponding source file “WebTools.vb” or “WebTools.cs” depending on what environment we are dealing with. Next, we want to define some properties our class is going to need. These are the base URL to the USPS Web Tools API, an instance of the System.Net.WebClient class, and a property for the User ID that you obtained when you registered to use the USPS Web Tools API.
Property definitions in VB.Net:
'Base URL for USPS Address and Zip Code validation API.
Private Const BaseURL As String = _ ""
'Web client instance.
Private wsClient As New WebClient()
'User ID obtained from USPS.
Public USPS_UserID As String = "MyUSPS_UserID"
Property definitions in C#:
//Base URL for USPS Address and Zip Code validation API.
private const string BaseURL = "";
//Web client instance.
private WebClient wsClient = new WebClient();
//User ID obtained from USPS.
public string USPS_UserID = "MyUSPS_UserID";
Under VB.Net, we do not need to explicitly define a constructor, but we do for C#. So we will define an overloaded constructor giving the user the option of instanciating the class with or without specifying a user ID.
//Default constructor.
public WebTools()
{
}
//Constructor with User ID parameter.
public WebTools(string New_UserID)
{
USPS_UserID = New_UserID;
}
To eliminate unnecessary repetition, we will define a method (function in VB land) to process our web based requests.
In VB.Net, the function will look like this:
'------------------------------------------------------
' Send request to remote site. Return reply data.
'------------------------------------------------------
Private Function GetDataFromSite(ByVal USPS_Request As String) As String
Dim strResponse As String = ""
Dim ResponseData() As Byte
'Send the request to USPS.
ResponseData = wsClient.DownloadData(USPS_Request)
'Convert byte stream to string data.
For Each oItem As Byte In ResponseData
strResponse += Chr(oItem)
Next oItem
GetDataFromSite = strResponse
End Function
In C#, the method will look like this:
/*******************************************************
* Send request to remote site. Return reply data.
******************************************************/
private string GetDataFromSite(string USPS_Request)
{
string strResponse = "";
//Send the request to USPS.
byte[] ResponseData = wsClient.DownloadData(USPS_Request);
//Convert byte stream to string data.
foreach (byte oItem in ResponseData)
strResponse += (char)oItem;
return strResponse;
}
For this exercise, we are just going to implement the “Address Validation” and “City and State Lookup” Web Tools functions. This should be enough to give you the idea for the rest of the API set. So let us begin with the “Address Validation” API.
As we discussed earlier, the problem we were having is that Visual Studio could not obtain a dynamic WSDL from the USPS Web Tools. The Postal Service also does not provide an alternative WSDL file. The Web Tools API expects a fully qualified URL and Query String in order to provide any expected response. As you can see from our GetDataFromSite method/function, we are transmitting the complete request to the service provider (USPS), and reading the byte stream that is returned. This is converted to text and passed back to the calling method or function.
Each Web Tools API function has a specific query format. Therefore, we are breaking these API functions into specific methods or functions in our Web Tools class. The Address Validation function in VB.Net looks like this:
'-------------------------------------------------
' This function provides an interface to the USPS
' WebTools Address Validation API.
'-------------------------------------------------
Function AddressValidateRequest(ByVal Address1 As String, _
ByVal Address2 As String, _
ByVal City As String, _
ByVal State As String, _
ByVal Zip5 As String, _
ByVal Zip4 As String) As String
'
' &XML=<AddressValidateRequest USERID="xxxxxxx"><Address ID="0"><Address1></Address1>
' <Address2>6406 Ivy Lane</Address2><City>Greenbelt</City><State>MD</State>
' <Zip5></Zip5><Zip4></Zip4></Address></AddressValidateRequest>
Dim strUSPS As String
strUSPS = BaseURL & "?API=Verify&XML=<AddressValidateRequest USERID=""" + USPS_UserID + """> "
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<Address ID=""0"">"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<Address1>" & Address1 & "</Address1>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<Address2>" & Address2 & "</Address2>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<City>" & City & "</City>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<State>" & State & "</State>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<Zip5>" & Zip5 & "</Zip5>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<Zip4>" & Zip4 & "</Zip4>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "</Address></AddressValidateRequest>"
AddressValidateRequest = GetDataFromSite(strUSPS)
End Function
The same method in C# will look like this:
/****************************************************
* This method provides an interface to the USPS
* WebTools Address Validation API.
***************************************************/
public string AddressValidateRequest(string Address1,
string Address2,
string City,
string State,
string Zip5,
string Zip4)
{
//
// &XML=<AddressValidateRequest USERID="xxxxxxx"><Address ID="0"><Address1></Address1>
// <Address2>6406 Ivy Lane</Address2><City>Greenbelt</City><State>MD</State>
// <Zip5></Zip5><Zip4></Zip4></Address></AddressValidateRequest>
string strResponse = "", strUSPS = "";
strUSPS = BaseURL + "?API=Verify&XML=<AddressValidateRequest USERID=\"" + USPS_UserID + "\">";
strUSPS += "<Address ID=\"0\">";
strUSPS += "<Address1>" + Address1 + "</Address1>";
strUSPS += "<Address2>" + Address2 + "</Address2>";
strUSPS += "<City>" + City + "</City>";
strUSPS += "<State>" + State + "</State>";
strUSPS += "<Zip5>" + Zip5 + "</Zip5>";
strUSPS += "<Zip4>" + Zip4 + "</Zip4>";
strUSPS += "</Address></AddressValidateRequest>";
//Send the request to USPS.
strResponse = GetDataFromSite(strUSPS);
return strResponse;
}
As you can see in these examples, we append the query string for the specific function call to the base URL of the Web Tools API, and pass this to our GetDataFromSite method/function, which in turn transmits the request and receives the response. We in turn pass that response to the code that invoked our method or function.
The Get City and State function is called in a manner very similar to the process we used for the Address Validation. Get City and State written in VB.Net will look like this:
'-------------------------------------------------
' This function provides an interface to the USPS
' WebTools City and State Lookup API.
'-------------------------------------------------
Public Function CityStateLookupRequest(ByVal Zip5 As String) As String
'
' &XML=<CityStateLookupRequest USERID="xxxxxxx"><ZipCode ID= "0">
' <Zip5>90210</Zip5></ZipCode></CityStateLookupRequest>
Dim strUSPS As String
strUSPS = BaseURL & "?API=CityStateLookup&XML=<CityStateLookupRequest USERID=""" + USPS_UserID + """>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<ZipCode ID=""0"">"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "<Zip5>" & Zip5 & "</Zip5>"
strUSPS = strUSPS & "</ZipCode></CityStateLookupRequest>"
CityStateLookupRequest = GetDataFromSite(strUSPS)
End Function
The same process in C# will be coded like this:
/***************************************************
* This function provides an interface to the USPS
* WebTools City and State Lookup API.
**************************************************/
public string CityStateLookupRequest(string ZipCode)
{
//
// &XML=<CityStateLookupRequest USERID="xxxxxxx"><ZipCode ID= "0">
// <Zip5>90210</Zip5></ZipCode></CityStateLookupRequest>
string strResponse = "", strUSPS = "";
strUSPS = BaseURL + "?API=CityStateLookup&XML=<CityStateLookupRequest USERID=\"" + USPS_UserID + "\">";
strUSPS += "<ZipCode ID=\"0\">";
strUSPS += "<Zip5>" + ZipCode + "</Zip5>";
strUSPS += "</ZipCode></CityStateLookupRequest>";
//Send the request to USPS.
strResponse = GetDataFromSite(strUSPS);
return strResponse;
}
At this point, you should have all you need to establish and test the basic functionality of the USPS Web Tools. I could provide you with a class to address the entire spectrum of Web Tools functionality, but I charge for that.
-2147219040
SOLServerTest;SOLServerTest.CallZipCodeDll
This Information has not been included in this Test Server.
I have no idea why this is happening. "
-2147219040
SOLServerTest;SOLServerTest.CallZipCodeDll
This Information has not been included in this Test Server.
I have no idea why this is happening. " | https://it.toolbox.com/blogs/smunk/using-usps-web-tools-with-vbnet-or-c-092109 | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | refinedweb | 1,623 | 62.58 |
I am super happy to have gotten the opportunity to test out Oracle Functions through the Cloud Native Limited Availability Program. When I last tried out running serverless functions in Oracle Cloud during the Oracle Groundbreaker APAC Tour last year, there were two options available. Either run my own Fn server in a virtual machine or set it up in a managed Kubernetes cluster. Now, a third option is available!
Oracle Functions is built on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) and offer a managed environment for the Fn project. This means that you don’t have to manually manage an Fn cluster yourself. It also means that any function that runs on Oracle Functions will also run on any Fn server, something that offers you full flexibility.
The Fn project supports functions written in Go, Java, Node.js, Python or Ruby. The fn-duke function that I am using in this test is, of course, written in Java.
package eu.agilejava.fn; public class HelloFunction { public String handleRequest(String input) { String configuredName = System.getenv("name"); String name = (input == null || input.isEmpty()) ? configuredName : input; return "Hello, " + name + "\n"; } }
Deployment is done by pointing to the Function Application you want your function to be part of.
fn deploy --app FunctionDuke
The function can be configured through the func.yaml file or using the fn CLI tool as shown here:
fn config function FunctionDuke fn-duke name World
The configured property will then be shown in the detail view in your Oracle Cloud Function Dashboard.
Invoking the function can be done by using the Fn CLI Tool
fn invoke FunctionDuke fn-duke
Or by sending a signed request using a convenience script called oci-curl provided by Oracle.
oci-curl "x3vzdahhy3a.us-phoenix-1.functions.oci.oraclecloud.com" get "/t/fn-duke-trigger" -d 'Duke'
Conclusion
Oracle has made a good choice when investing in the Fn project and use it as a basis for the Oracle Functions platform. It integrates extremely well with Fn and no extra tooling is needed to get started. | https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2019/02/first-look-oracle-functions.html | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | refinedweb | 340 | 53.61 |
Created on 2004-08-22 15:39 by ms_, last changed 2004-09-01 09:32 by ms_. This issue is now closed.
This patch implements decorator syntax J2 from
Example:
class Foo:
decorate:
staticmethod deprecated memoize
author("Joe Bloggs")
def foo(bar):
pass
Key changes:
* Grammar/Grammar updated
* Python/compile.c updated.
* Test suite, docs and Lib updated. (test suite passes on my
linux box)
Specific changes:
* Grammar/Grammar changed to recognise J2 syntax
* Python/compile.c changed to support J2
* Removed "@" from Lib/tokenize.py as Special
* Removed "AT" from joe Include/token.h as a token
* Removed "AT" from Parser/tokenizer.c
* Doc/lib/libfuncs.tex - Changed examples from @ format
to decorate: format
* Doc/ref/ref7.tex
- changed Function Definitions production rules to match
the change in syntax.
- Changed example to use the change in syntax.
* Lib/compiler/transformer.py - Modified to handle the new
syntax
* Lib/test/test_parser.py - Changed tests for old syntax to
check new form
* Lib/test/tokenize_tests.txt - changed @staticmethod to J2
format
* Lib/test/output/test_tokenize - Changed to match the
changed test file
* Modules/parsermodule.c - Changed to support new
Grammar
* Lib/test/pyclbr_input.py - Changed from @ syntax to
decorate: syntax
* Lib/test/test_decorators.py - changed all "decorate"
functions to
decorate_ and all @ usages to "decorate:" syntax.
Files checked, but not changed:
* Doc/lib/asttable.tex - Can't see any necessary changes
* Lib/compiler/pycodegen.py - Can't see any necessary
changes
* Lib/compiler/symbols.py - Can't see any necessary
changes
* Tools/compiler/ast.txt - Can't see any necessary changes
* Tools/compiler/astgen.py - Can't see any necessary
changes
* Tools/compiler/regrtest.py - No changes
NB:
* I can't see whether ast.py should/should not be changed
and
if it should, *how* it should be changed, as a result I've left
well alone.
Issues:
* Keyword clash with test suite is bad - suggest change to
"using"
to limit clash with existing user code as far as possible.
I intend to follow this up with a replacement with a
changed keyword and if possible shortened/simplified
version.
* Patch is against the vanilla 2.4a2 download from
python.org, does
this need changing to being a patch against the current
CVS head?
(I suspect the answer to this is "yes")
* The following tests are skipped on my machine:_curses
test_gdbm test_gl test_imgfile test_largefile
test_linuxaudiodev
test_macfs test_macostools test_nis test_normalization
test_ossaudiodev test_pep277 test_plistlib
test_scriptpackages
test_socket_ssl test_socketserver test_sunaudiodev
test_tcl
test_timeout test_urllibnet test_winreg test_winsound
As a result I don't know for certain these aren't affected by
the
change. I'm checking them by hand at present.
Logged In: YES
user_id=994316
Updated patch against anonymous CVS.
Covers the same files as before, with the addition of changes to
test_inspect.py, and inspect.py. inspect.py was updated to handle
the paired decorate/def blocks. Specifically this required changes
to getblock such that if getblock is called on a decorated function
that both blocks are returned rather than just the function or just
the decorator suite. This is to preserve the same behaviour as the
current inspect behaviour.
Also:
* changed keyword to "using"
* Eliminated the single clash in the library that uses "using" as a
variable. (webbrowser.py has a function "get" that has "using" as a
single named parameter. AFAICT no google findable source file
uses this parameter)
* implemented the short form:
using: trace
def someFunction(someThing): doStuff(someThing)
* Decorators are single decorator per line - as per current CVS,
which means the short form only takes 1 decorator.
All tests except test_distutils pass. Since this appear to fail in Anon
CVS without this patch that failure looks unrelated.
Remaining issues(?):
* It's been suggested that this should be activated by a __future__
declaration. I'm currently looking at how to do this.
* Extra docs on short form would probably be a good idea. (Docs
are already updated otherwise)
Logged In: YES
user_id=994316
Logged In: YES
user_id=994316
The updated patch is against anon CVS as of 26 Aug 2004, 17:00.
This patch leaves the keyword unchanged as "using". All tests
pass on my machine (with "make testall").
The key change is that the keyword - and hence decorators must
now be actively switched on using a "from __future__ import
decorators" statement. The code using this is heavily based on the
same approach that "from __future__ import generators" took --
indeed reusing as much as possible.
I suspect that it might be wise to have more tests regarding
decorators, and the docs might need a small amount of work, any
feedback welcome on this point.
Logged In: YES
user_id=994316
From:
Guido wrote:
"I've read the J2 proposal up and down several times, pondered all
the issues, and slept on it for a night, and I still don't like it
enough to accept it."
I'm closing this patch as a result, I hope that's the right thing to
do. | http://bugs.python.org/issue1013835 | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | refinedweb | 821 | 57.87 |
Components of an Add-In Project
Add-in projects are Class Library projects that are created by using the Add-in Wizard and that are compiled into DLLs. Add-in projects contain a source code file named Connect, which is also the name of the Class. The Connect class implements an interface named IDTExtensibility2 which passes commands between the add-in and the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE).
IDTExtensibility2 has five methods that, when implemented, act as events.
In addition to the IDTExtensibility2 interface, the IDTCommandTarget interface is automatically implemented if you check the user interface option when using the Add-in Wizard to create an add-in. If you choose to create or manipulate command bars in your add-in, you must also implement the namespace Microsoft.VisualStudio.CommandBars.
The OnConnection method is definitely the most important method used in add-in projects because it is called each time an add-in is loaded. Furthermore, it is used to call other automation code in the add-in. The OnConnection method is passed four parameters: Application, ConnectMode, AddInInst, and custom. Application represents the Visual Studio IDE. It is cast as a DTE2 object with the name, _applicationObject. This object represents the main object in the core automation model and provides access to all of its types and members. ConnectMode (whose values are contained in Extensibility.extConnectMode) represents the way in which the add-in is being loaded; that is, through the command line, by opening a solution, and so forth. AddInInst represents the add-in itself. The custom parameter is an array in which you can optionally pass data to the add-in.
In addition to initializing these variables, OnConnection also contains code to create a command for the add-in on the Tools menu if you selected that option when creating it with the Add-in Wizard.
The other four add-in methods, which are put in place by the Add-in Wizard, are empty by default. To handle add-in related events, you can use these other methods to respond to them. For example, you could add code to the OnAddInsUpdate method to send a notification message to another procedure when an add-in is closed. You can call OnBeginShutdown to perform cleanup tasks when the Visual Studio IDE is being shut down.
When you create an add-in and check the "Would you like to create a command bar UI for your Add-in?" option (which creates a command for the add-in on the Tools menu), the IDTCommandTarget interface is implemented. Two additional methods — QueryStatus and Exec — are added to the add-in project to handle the command tasks. These methods contain a small amount of code to help place the command on the Tools menu and respond to clicks from a user. QueryStatus notifies the add-in of the command's availability. The Exec method is called when a user clicks the add-in's command on the Tools menu, so this is where you should add code if you want to respond to that event. | https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms228754(v=vs.100).aspx | CC-MAIN-2015-35 | refinedweb | 512 | 53.41 |
Neo4j: APOC - Caused by: java.io.RuntimeException: Can't read url or key file (No such file or directory)
I’ve been using Neo4j’s APOC library to load some local JSON files this week, and ran into an interesting problem.
The
LOAD CSV tool assumes that any files you load locally are in the
import directory, so I’ve got into the habit of putting my data there.
Let’s check what I’m trying to import by opening the import directory:
What’s in there?
Just the one JSON file needs processing. If we want to import local files we need to add the following property to our Neo4j configuration file:
apoc.import.file.enabled=true
If you’re using the Neo4j Desktop, you can add this property via the 'Settings' tab:
Once we’ve done that we’ll need to restart the database so our new settings will be picked up:
Now let’s try to process our JSON file:
neo4j> CALL apoc.load.json(""); Failed to invoke procedure `apoc.load.json`: Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't read url or key file:/dummy.json as json: /dummy.json (No such file or directory)
Hmm, that didn’t work as we expected - it seems to be trying to read the file from the root of the machine rather than from the
import directory.
It turns out I hadn’t RTFM:
Let’s update our Neo4j configuration file to add the following property:
apoc.import.file.use_neo4j_config=true
If we re-run our query we’ll see that it now finds and processes the file:
About the author
Mark Needham is a Developer Relations Engineer for Neo4j, the world's leading graph database. | https://markhneedham.com/blog/2019/01/12/neo4j-apoc-file-not-found-exception-no-such-file-directory/ | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | refinedweb | 337 | 60.51 |
jGuru Forums
Posted By:
Paul_Beadle
Posted On:
Thursday, May 24, 2001 07:02 AM
I am using server and client socket factories on my RMI servers, and am finding that making a connection from a client will cause the client socket factory to be serialized and sent from the server to the client. Is there a way of preventing this? The application is a client/server one and the client and server use the same jar file. I don't understand why the factory needs to be passed across the network.
Re: The client socket factory is being passed back and forth across the network.
Posted By:
Mikael_Jakobsson
Posted On:
Wednesday, November 21, 2001 04:21 AM
It is not the class that is serialized and passed over the network, it is the data in the instance, which is why it doesn't matter that the class is available on both client and server.
All objects passed via RMI are serialized before they are sent over the network. This also means that all the data in the object (i.e. all member variables) are also serialized.
Thus, if an object contains a reference to a Socket, the Socket will also be serialized when the object is passed as a parameter from the client to the server (or returned from the server to the client).
Sockets contain a reference to a SocketImpl object, which also will be serialized and passed over the network. It is hard from the problem description to be sure, but I think that it is this behaviour you are noticing.
A socket created on one side (server/client) is normally not of any use at all to the other side. Therefore such members should be prevented from being serialized.
This prevention can be done by declaring the member variable as transient:
public class MyClass implements java.io.Serializable { private transient Socket mySocket; // This is not serialized private int otherData; // etc etc} | http://www.jguru.com/forums/view.jsp?EID=427749 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | refinedweb | 324 | 59.94 |
One of the major features of Jython is its ability to use the Swing GUI library in JDK. The Standard Python distribution (often called as CPython) has the Tkinter GUI library shipped with it. Other GUI libraries like PyQt and WxPython are also available for use with it, but the swing library offers a platform independent GUI toolkit.
Using the swing library in Jython is much easier compared to using it in Java. In Java the anonymous classes have to be used to create event binding. In Jython, we can simply pass a function for the same purpose.
The basic top-level window is created by declaring an object of the JFrame class and set its visible property to true. For that, the Jframe class needs to be imported from the swing package.
from javax.swing import JFrame
The JFrame class has multiple constructors with varying number of arguments. We shall use the one, which takes a string as argument and sets it as the title.
frame = JFrame(“Hello”)
Set the frame’s size and location properties before setting its visible property to true. Store the following code as frame.py.
from javax.swing import JFrame frame = JFrame("Hello") frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE) frame.setLocation(100,100) frame.setSize(300,200) frame.setVisible(True)
Run the above script from the command prompt. It will display the following output showing a window.
The swing GUI library is provided in the form of javax.swing package in Java. Its main container classes, JFrame and JDialog are respectively derived from Frame and Dialog classes, which are in the AWT library. Other GUI controls like JLabel, JButton, JTextField, etc., are derived from the JComponent class.
The following illustration shows the Swing Package Class hierarchy.
The following table summarizes different GUI control classes in a swing library −
We would be using some of these controls in subsequent examples. | https://www.tutorialspoint.com/jython/jython_using_the_swing_gui_library.htm | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | refinedweb | 313 | 66.33 |
#include <cra.h>
0
1
[inline].
p - A modulus. Process is most efficient if it is relatively prime to all other moduli used. d - A residue, image mod p of the desired value.
Taking a step when the CRA process is being applied ot a vector or list of values..
p - A modulus. Process is most efficient if it is relatively prime to all other moduli used. d - A residue sequence: images mod p of the desired value. May be a list, vector, SubVector.
Number of progress steps without change in the combined residue.
Allows flexibility in deciding early termination. (earlier early termination).
result mod the lcm of the moduli.
A value mod the lcm of the progress step moduli which agrees with each residue mod the corresponding modulus.
results mod the lcm of the moduli.
A sequence of values mod the lcm of the progress step moduli each entry of which agrees with the corresponding (sequence position) residue mod the corresponding (progress step) modulus.
[inline, protected]
[protected] | http://www.linalg.org/linbox-html/classLinBox_1_1CRA.html | crawl-001 | refinedweb | 168 | 69.99 |
Each Answer to this Q is separated by one/two green lines.
I’m trying to understand the new structural pattern matching syntax in Python 3.10. I understand that it is possible to match on literal values like this:
def handle(retcode): match retcode: case 200: print('success') case 404: print('not found') case _: print('unknown') handle(404) # not found
However, if I refactor and move these values to module-level variables, it results in an error because the statements now represent structures or patterns rather than values:
SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(retcode): match retcode: case SUCCESS: print('success') case NOT_FOUND: print('not found') case _: print('unknown') handle(404) # File "<ipython-input-2-fa4ae710e263>", line 6 # case SUCCESS: # ^ # SyntaxError: name capture 'SUCCESS' makes remaining patterns unreachable
Is there any way to use the match statement to match values that are stored within variables?
If the constant you’re testing against is a dotted name, then it should be treated as a constant instead of as the name of the variable to put the capture in (see PEP 636 # Matching against constants and enums):
class Codes: SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(retcode): match retcode: case Codes.SUCCESS: print('success') case Codes.NOT_FOUND: print('not found') case _: print('unknown')
Although, given how python is trying to implement pattern-matching, I think that for situations like this it’s probably safer and clearer code to just use an
if/elif/else tower when checking against constant values.
Hopefully I can help shed some light on why bare names work this way here.
First, as others have already noted, if you need to match values as part of your patterns, you can do so by:
- Matching supported literals, like numbers, strings, booleans, and
None
- Matching qualified (dotted) names
- Using additional tests in guards (which are separated from patterns by
if)
I fear that we (the PEP authors) probably made a small error by including this toy snippet in an early tutorial… it’s since gone a bit viral. Our goal was to lead with the simplest possible example of pattern matching, but we instead seem to have also created a confusing first impression for many (especially when repeated without context).
The most overlooked word in the title of these PEPs is “structural”. If you’re not matching the structure of the subject, structural pattern matching probably isn’t the right tool for the job.
The design of this feature was driven by destructuring (like iterable unpacking on the LHS of assignments, but generalized for all objects), which is why we made it very easy to perform the core functionality of extracting out parts of an object and binding them to names. We also decided that it would also be useful to allow programmers to match on values, so we added those (with the condition that when the values are named, they must be qualified with a dot, in order to distinguish them from the more common extractions).
Python’s pattern matching was never really designed with the intent of powering C-style switch statements like this; that’s been proposed for Python (and rejected) twice before, so we chose to go in a different direction. Besides, there is already one obvious way to switch on a single value, which is simpler, shorter, and works on every version of Python: a good-ol’
if/
elif/
else ladder!
SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(retcode): if retcode == SUCCESS: print('success') elif retcode == NOT_FOUND: print('not found') else: print('unknown') handle(404)
(If you’re really concerned about performance or need an expression, dispatching from a dictionary is also a fine alternative.)
Aside from using literal values, the Value Patterns section of PEP 635 mentions the use of dotted names or the use of guards. See below for comparison:
Literal values
def handle(code): match code: case 200: print('success') case 404: print('not found') case _: print('unknown')
References:
-
-
Dotted names
Any dotted name (i.e. attribute access) is interpreted as a value pattern.
class StatusCodes: OK = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(code): match code: case StatusCodes.OK: print('success') case StatusCodes.NOT_FOUND: print('not found') case _: print('unknown')
References:
-
-
Guards
[A] guard is an arbitrary expression attached to a pattern and that must evaluate to a “truthy” value for the pattern to succeed.
SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(code): match code: case status if status == SUCCESS: print('success') case status if status == NOT_FOUND: print('not found') case _: print('unknown')
References:
Python’s
match is much more than a simple switch statement. If you use bare what you consider “variable names”, they are actually going to be Capture Patterns. as per definition in PEP no. 634
Besides the fact that you should probably not use
match for your use case, you have to use qualified (dotted) names in one of the following ways:
#1 Flat Object
statuses = object() statuses.success = 200 status.not_found = 404 def handle(retcode): match retcode: case statuses.success: print("Success") case statuses.not_found: print("Not found")
#2 Object Oriented Programming
class StatusValues: success = 200 not_found = 404 def handle(retcode): match retcode: case StatusValues.success: print("Success") case StatusValues.not_found: print("Not found")
#3 Simple qualified locals()/globals() access
I’ve developed the match-ref library which allows you to access any local or global variable in- or outside of any function, simply using the
ref. prefix.
from matchref import ref import random SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(retcode): random_code = random.randint(600,699) match retcode: case ref.SUCCESS: print("Success") case ref.NOT_FOUND: print("Not found") case ref.random_code: print("OK, you win!")
As you can see,
ref automatically resolved variables from your local and global namespaces (in this order). There’s no additional setup necessary.
If you don’t want to use 3rd-party libraries, you can see a slightly similar no-libraries version below.
#4 Qualified locals()/globals() access without 3rd-party libs
locals() and
globals() are built-in functions in Python which return a
dict containing all your variable names mapped to their respective values. You need to be able to access the dict’s values using dotted syntax, since
match also does not support dictionary access syntax. You can therefore write this simple helper class:
class GetAttributeDict(dict): def __getattr__(self, name): return self[name]
and use it like so:
import random SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404 def handle(retcode): random_code = random.randint(600, 699) globs = GetAttributeDict(globals()) locs = GetAttributeDict(locals()) match retcode: case globs.SUCCESS: print("Success") case globs.NOT_FOUND: print("Not found") case locs.random_code: print("OK , you win!")
#5 Module Access
Given that you seem to intend to re-use your status codes (because otherwise you could inline them in your
case s), you might consider using separate modules for this.
constants.py:
SUCCESS = 200 NOT_FOUND = 404
main.py
import constants match retcode: case constants.SUCCESS: ... ...
Again, you might want to reconsider if you want to use
match at all.
python >
3.10 lets you handle case patterns more efficiently.
| and
if statements can be used as well.
using
|
match name: case "example_111" | "example_222": return f"Hello {name}" case _: return "Bye"
using
if statement
def get_product_info(make, in_dollar): match make: case "product_111" if in_dollar: return "10000 $" case "product_222" if not in_dollar: return "10000*73 INR" case _: return "error"
| https://techstalking.com/programming/python/how-to-use-values-stored-in-variables-as-case-patterns/ | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | refinedweb | 1,225 | 50.57 |
This is your resource to discuss support topics with your peers, and learn from each other.
09-12-2011 10:48 AM
Hello,
I am using a RichList to display some data. I now want to know when someone clicks on an item. To do this I created a class that Implements CommandHandler that overrides the execute method. Here I am displaying a Dialog box that on what the context object has.
The event fires but the context object is null and so is the metadata. I Googled some more and found that I can set the CommandContext on the RichList. Doing this now populates the context when something is clicked but it still has no data from the actual item in the RichList.
How do you properly implement the setCommand on a RichList?
Carsten
09-13-2011 08:34 AM
I got it working. Just wanted to share with the community incase someone else has the same question.
First you create a class that extends CommandHandler. Then you override the execute method with your logic:
public class RichListCH extends CommandHandler {
public void execute(ReadOnlyCommandMetadata metadata, Object context) {
RichList rl = (RichList) context;
Object[] items = rl.get(rl.getFocusRow());
//Do something where with your Object
}
}
When you setup your RichList you do the following:
list.setCommand(new Command(new RichListCH()));
list.setCommandContext(list);
The first line tells the system to fire the Execute method in the CommandHandler. The 2nd line basically will pass the existing List to the CommandHandler so you can read the data.
Not sure if this is the proper way to implement this, but the documentation currently out there is a mess.
Hope this helps.
Carsten | https://supportforums.blackberry.com/t5/Java-Development/BlackBerry-SDK-7-Beta-RichList-setCommand/td-p/1308273 | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | refinedweb | 278 | 65.93 |
Creating a campaignCreating a campaign
Campaigns are created by writing a campaign spec and executing that campaign spec with the Sourcegraph CLI
src.
RequirementsRequirements
- Sourcegraph instance with repositories in it. See the “Quickstart” guide on how to setup a Sourcegraph instance.
- Installed and configured Sourcegraph CLI (see “Install the Sourcegraph CLI” in the campaigns quickstart for detailed instructions).
- Configured user credentials for the code host(s) that you’ll be creating changesets on. See “Configuring user credentials” for a guide on how to add and manage your user credentials.
Writing a campaign specWriting a campaign spec
In order to create a campaign, you need a campaign spec that describes the campaign. Here is an example campaign spec that describes a campaign to add “Hello World” to all
README.md files: campaign! branch: hello-world # Push the commit to this branch. commit: message: Append Hello World to all README.md files published: false # Do not publish any changes to the code hosts yet
See the “Campaign spec YAML reference” and the tutorials for more details on how to write campaign specs.
Creating a campaign after previewingCreating a campaign after previewing
After writing a campaign spec you use the Sourcegraph CLI (
src) to execute the campaign spec and upload it to Sourcegraph, where you can preview the changes and apply the campaign spec to create a campaign:
Run the following command in your terminal:
src campaign preview -f YOUR_CAMPAIGN_SPEC.campaign.yaml
Don’t worry! Before any branches are pushed or changesets (e.g., GitHub pull requests) are created, you will see a preview of all changes and can confirm each one before proceeding. NOTE: Campaigns’s default behavior is to stop if computing changes in a repository errors. You can choose to ignore errors instead by adding the
skip-errorsflag :
src campaign preview -f spec.campaign.yml -skip-errors
Wait for it to run and compute the changes for each repository (using the repositories and commands in the campaign spec).
Open the preview URL that the command printed out.
Examine the preview. This is the result of executing the campaign spec. Confirm that the changes are what you intended. If not, edit the campaign spec and then rerun the command above.
Click the Apply spec button to create the campaign.
After you’ve applied a campaign spec, you can publish changesets to the code host when you’re ready. This will turn the patches into commits, branches, and changesets (such as GitHub pull requests) for others to review and merge.
You can share the link to your campaign with other people if you want their help. Any person on your Sourcegraph instance can view it in the campaigns list.
If a person viewing the campaign lacks read access to a repository in the campaign, they can only see limited information about the changes to that repository (and not the repository name, file paths, or diff).
You can update a campaign’s changes at any time, even after you’ve published changesets. For more information, see Updating a campaign.
Applying a campaign spec without previewApplying a campaign spec without preview
You can use Sourcegraph CLI (
src) to directly apply a campaign spec to create or update a campaign without having to use the UI.
Instead of running
src campaign preview you run the following:
src campaign apply -f YOUR_CAMPAIGN_SPEC.campaign.yaml
This command won’t print a link to a preview. It will create or update the campaign it describes directly.
That can be useful if you just want to update a single field in the campaign spec, i.e. the
description or the
changesetTemplate.body, or if you want to continously update a campaign by running
src in a CI workflow.
Creating a campaign in a different namespaceCreating a campaign in a different namespace
Campaigns are uniquely identified by their name and namespace. The namespace can be any Sourcegraph username or the name of a Sourcegraph organization.
By default, campaigns will use your username on Sourcegraph as your namespace. To create campaigns in a different namespace use the
-namespace flag when previewing or applying a campaign spec:
src campaign preview -f your_campaign_spec.campaign.yaml -namespace USERNAME_OR_ORG | https://docs.sourcegraph.com/campaigns/how-tos/creating_a_campaign | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | refinedweb | 694 | 64.51 |
LeiningenLeiningen
"Leiningen!" he shouted. "You're insane! They're not creatures you can fight—they're an elemental—an 'act of God!' Ten miles long, two miles wide—ants, nothing but ants! And every single one of them a fiend from hell..."
- from Leiningen Versus the Ants by Carl Stephenson
Leiningen is for automating Clojure projects without setting your hair on fire.
InstallationInstallation
If your preferred package manager offers a recent version of Leiningen, try that first. Many package managers still include version 1.x, which is rather outdated, so you may be better off installing manually.
Leiningen installs itself on the first run of the
lein shell script; there is no
separate install script. Follow these instructions to install Leiningen manually:
- Make sure you have a Java JDK version 6 or later.
- Download the
leinscript from the
stablebranch of this project.
- Place it on your
$PATH. (
~/binis a good choice if it is on your path.)
- Set it to be executable. (
chmod 755 ~/bin/lein)
- Run it.
WindowsWindows
There is an installer which will handle downloading and placing Leiningen and its dependencies.
The manual method of putting
the batch file.
on your
PATH and running
lein self-install should still work for
most users. If you have Cygwin you should be
able to use the shell script above rather than the batch file.
Basic UsageBasic Usage
The tutorial has a detailed walk-through of the steps involved in creating a new project, but here are the commonly-used tasks:
$ lein new [TEMPLATE] NAME # generate a new project skeleton $ lein test [TESTS] # run the tests in the TESTS namespaces, or all tests $ lein repl # launch an interactive REPL session $ lein run -m my.namespace # run the -main function of a namespace $ lein uberjar # package the project and dependencies as standalone jar $ lein deploy clojars # publish the project to Clojars as a library
Use
lein help to see a complete list.
lein help $TASK shows the
usage for a specific task.
You can also chain tasks together in a single command by using the
do task with comma-separated tasks:
$ lein do clean, test foo.test-core, jar
Most tasks need to be run from somewhere inside a project directory to
work, but some (
new,
search,
version, and
repl) may
run from anywhere.
ConfigurationConfiguration
The
project.clj file in the project root should look like this:
(defproject myproject "0.5.0-SNAPSHOT" :description "A project for doing things." :license "Eclipse Public License 1.0" :url "" :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.5.1"]] :plugins [[lein-tar "3.2.0"]])
The
lein new task generates a project skeleton with an appropriate
starting point from which you can work. See the
sample.project.clj
file (also available via
lein help sample) for a detailed listing of
configuration options.
The
project.clj file can be customized further with the use of
profiles.
DocumentationDocumentation
Leiningen documentation is organized as a number of guides:
UsageUsage
- Tutorial (start here if you are new)
- Profiles
- Deployment & Distribution of Libraries
- Sample project.clj
- Polyglot (e.g. Clojure/Java) projects
DevelopmentDevelopment
PluginsPlugins
Leiningen supports plugins which may contain both new tasks and hooks
that modify behaviour of existing tasks. See
the plugins wiki page
for a full list. If a plugin is needed for successful test or build
runs, (such as
lein-tar) then it should be added to
:plugins in
project.clj, but if it's for your own convenience (such as
lein-pprint) then it should be added to the
:plugins list in the
:user profile in
~/.lein/profiles.clj. See the
profiles guide
for details on how to add to your
:user profile. The
plugin guide
explains how to write plugins.
LicenseLicense
Source Copyright © 2009-2015 Phil Hagelberg, Alex Osborne, Dan Larkin, and contributors. Distributed under the Eclipse Public License, the same as Clojure uses. See the file COPYING.
Thanks to Stuart Halloway for Lancet and Tim Dysinger for convincing me that good builds are important.
Images Copyright © 2010 Phil Hagelberg. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution + ShareAlike License. Full-size version available. | http://pythonhackers.com/p/technomancy/leiningen | CC-MAIN-2017-09 | refinedweb | 675 | 66.54 |
for connected embedded systems
Fonts
This chapter describes how to work with fonts in a Photon application.
Font names
It's possible - and common - to hard-code all references to fonts in a Photon application. But there's a more flexible approach where applications can choose the best match from whatever fonts are available. That way, there isn't a problem if a particular font is eventually renamed, removed, or replaced.
To specify a font in the Photon API, you always use a stem name. For example, the following call to PtAskQuestion() uses the stem name helv14 to specify 14-point Helvetica:
PtAskQuestion (base_wgt, NULL, "File has not been saved. Save it?", "helv14", "&Save", "&Discard", "&Cancel", 1);
If you're using QNX 4.25, you'll find the available stem names listed in /qnx4/photon/font/fontdir. If you're using QNX Neutrino 2, look in /nto/photon/font/fontdir.
Alternately, if you have a $HOME/.photon directory, check in $HOME/.photon/font/fontdir. Photon creates this local file only when needed, such as when you run the fontcfg utility to create your own personal font configuration. Until the local file is created, Photon uses the global file.
The above example takes a shortcut by using a hard-coded stem name (helv14).And, like any shortcut, this approach has tradeoffs. First, stem names are subject to change. More importantly, all versions of Photon up to and including 1.13 have only 16 characters available for the stem name. This isn't always enough to give each font a unique stem. Photon 1.14 for QNX Neutrino has 80 characters
To get around these problems, use PfQueryFonts() to provide the information needed to build your stem name. This function queries the Photon Font Server, and protects you from future changes.
Using PfQueryFonts()
Let's start with the parameters to PfQueryFonts() - then we'll look at a code sample that extracts the stem name from the data returned by the function.
The function itself looks like this:
PfQueryFonts (long symbol, unsigned flags, FontDetails list[], int n );
The arguments are:
- symbol
- A key for searching the Photon Font Manager. The function looks for fonts that include this symbol and discards those that don't have it.
For instance, a Unicode space symbol (0x0020) is available in almost any font. Specifying an é symbol (Unicode 0x00c9), on the other hand, narrows down the font choices considerably. And, of course, specifying a Japanese character selects only Japanese fonts.
To include all available fonts, use PHFONT_ALL_SYMBOLS.
- flags
- Provides another way to narrow down your search. Available values:
- PHFONT_SCALABLE - these fonts use a series of vectors to describe each character, making it possible to display the font in a variety of sizes.
- PHFONT_BITMAP - these fonts store genuine pictures of their characters.
- PHFONT_PROP - these fonts are proportional. For example, in a proportional font, W is wider than i.
- PHFONT_FIXED - these fonts make all characters the same width.
- PHFONT_ALL_FONTS
- list[]
- An array that the Photon Font Manager fills in for you. You need to declare a FontDetails structure, which is described below.
- n
- The number of elements available in the list array.
If PfQueryFonts() is successful, it returns the number of fonts available that matched your selection criteria. Otherwise, it returns -1.
FontDetails structure
Once you've got the list of fonts, you'll need to tear apart the FontDetails structure for each. That way, you can find both the font you need and the string to use as a stem name.
The FontDetails structure is defined in <photon/Pf.h>, and is defined as:
typedef struct { FontDescription desc; FontName stem; short losize; short hisize; unsigned short flags; } FontDetails;
For our purposes, the desc and stem elements the most useful, but let's review them all.
- desc
- The full descriptive name of the font; for example, Helvetica or Charter. Note the use of capitals. Assigned by the foundry that built the font, this name is universal across operating environments (e.g. X, Photon).
- stem
- The short form. This provides a part of the stem name used by the Photon API calls. For example, helv and char correspond to Helvetica and Charter.
- losize
- The minimum available point size for the font, say 4.
- hisize
- The largest size the font has available. If both losize and hisize are 0, the font is scalable.
- flags
- Available values:
- PHFONT_INFO_FIXED - a fixed-width font.
- PHFONT_INFO_PROP - a proportional font.
- PHFONT_INFO_PLAIN - the font is neither bold nor italic.
- PHFONT_INFO_BOLD
- PHFONT_INFO_ITALIC
Example
Now that we've looked at the pieces involved, it's fairly simple to follow the steps needed to build up the correct stem name for a given font.
Keep these things in mind:
- Use a character buffer to gradually build up the stem name.
- Search for a font based on the decription (desc) member of its FontDetails entry, not on the stem.
You'll probably want to do this work in the initialization function for your application, or perhaps in the base window setup function. Once you've constructed the stem name, keep the string in a global variable. You can then use it as needed.
Here's a sample application-initialization function:
/*************************** *** global variables *** ***************************/ char GcaCharter14Bold [MAX_FONT_TAG + 1]; /* Remember: there's no point in having a larger buffer than the stem name's size (plus 1 to allow for a NULL-terminated string */ int fcnAppInit( int argc, char *argv[] ) { /* Local variables */ FontDetails tsFontList [nFONTLIST_SIZE]; short sCurrFont = 0; char caBuff[20]; /* Get a description of the available fonts */ if (PfQueryFonts (PHFONT_ALL_SYMBOLS, PHFONT_ALL_FONTS, tsFontList, nFONTLIST_SIZE) == -1) { perror ("PfQueryFonts() failed: "); return (Pt_CONTINUE); } /* Search among them for the font that matches our specifications */ for (sCurrFont = 0; sCurrFont < nFONTLIST_SIZE; sCurrFont++) { if ( !strcmp (tsFontList[sCurrFont].desc, "Charter") ) break; /* we've found it */ } /* Overrun check */ if (sCurrFont == nFONTLIST_SIZE) { /* check for a partial match */ for (sCurrFont = 0; sCurrFont < nFONTLIST_SIZE; sCurrFont++) { if ( !strncmp (tsFontList[sCurrFont].desc, "Charter", strlen ("Charter") ) ) break; /* found a partial match */ } if (sCurrFont == nFONTLIST_SIZE) { printf ("Charter not in %d fonts checked.\n", sCurrFont); return (Pt_CONTINUE); } else printf ("Using partial match -- 'Charter'.\n"); } /* Does it have bold? */ if (!(tsFontList[sCurrFont].flags & PHFONT_INFO_BOLD)) { printf ("Charter not available in bold font.\n"); return (Pt_CONTINUE); } /* Is 14-point available? */ if ( !( (tsFontList[sCurrFont].losize == tsFontList[sCurrFont].hisize == 0) /* proportional font -- it can be shown in 14-point*/ || ( (tsFontList[sCurrFont].losize <= 14 ) && (tsFontList[sCurrFont].hisize >= 14 ) ) ) ) /* 14-point fits between smallest and largest available size */ { printf ("Charter not available in 14-point.\n"); return (Pt_CONTINUE); } /* Build up the stem name */ strncpy (GcaCharter14Bold, tsFontList[sCurrFont].stem, MAX_FONT_TAG); if (GcaCharter14Bold[0] == '\x0') { printf ("Charter font stem name was blank.\n"); return (Pt_CONTINUE); } strcat (GcaCharter14Bold, itoa (14, caBuff, 10) ); strcat (GcaCharter14Bold, "b"); strcat (GcaCharter14Bold, ""); /* note the NULL termination */ /* You can now use GcaCharter14Bold as an argument to PtAskQuestion(), etc. */ /* Eliminate 'unreferenced' warnings */ argc = argc, argv = argv; return( Pt_CONTINUE ); }
For the above code to work, you must declare the following information in the application's global header file. To do this, use PhAB's Startup Info/Modules dialog (accessed from the Application menu).
/********************************* *** user-defined constants *** *********************************/ #define nFONTLIST_SIZE 100 /* an arbitrary choice of size */ /*************************** *** global variables *** ***************************/ extern char GcaCharter14Bold [];
Remember to define this header before you start adding callbacks and setup functions -- that way, it will be automatically included as a #define. If you forget, you'll have to go back and add the statement manually.
And last of all, here's a sample callback that uses our stem name string:
int fcnbase_btn_showdlg_ActivateCB( PtWidget_t *widget, ApInfo_t *apinfo, PtCallbackInfo_t *cbinfo ) /* This callback is used to launch a dialog box with the intent of exercising the global variable GcaCharter14Bold */ { PtAskQuestion (ABW_base, "Font Demonstration", "This sentence is in 14-pt. Charter bold", GcaCharter14Bold, "OK", NULL, NULL, 1); /* Eliminate 'unreferenced' warnings */ widget = widget, apinfo = apinfo, cbinfo = cbinfo; return( Pt_CONTINUE ); } | http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/photon114/prog_guide/fonts.html | crawl-003 | refinedweb | 1,286 | 56.15 |
:
- local namespace - specific to the current function or class method. If the function defines a local variable x, or has an argument x, Python will use this and stop searching.
- global namespace - specific to the current module. If the module has defined a variable, function, or class called x, Python will use that and stop searching.
- built-in namespace - global to all modules. As a last resort, Python will assume that x is the name of built-in function or variable..
Example 8.10. Introducing locals
>>> need.
Example 8.11. Introducing globals.
Example 8.12. locals is read-only, globals is not
def foo(arg): x = 1 print locals()
locals()["x"] = 2locals()["x"] = 2
print "x=",xprint "x=",x
z = 7 print "z=",z foo(3) globals()["z"] = 8z = 7 print "z=",z foo(3) globals()["z"] = 8
print "z=",zprint "z=",z | http://docs.activestate.com/activepython/3.5/dip/html_processing/locals_and_globals.html | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | refinedweb | 143 | 64.2 |
The QSslCipher class represents an SSL cryptographic cipher. More...
#include <QSslCipher>
Note: All the functions in this class are reentrant.
This class was introduced in Qt 4.3..
Constructs an empty QSslCipher object..
Constructs an identical copy of the other cipher.
Destroys the QSslCipher object.
Returns the cipher's authentication method as a QString.
Returns the cipher's encryption method as a QString.
Returns true if this is a null cipher; otherwise returns false.
Returns the cipher's key exchange method as a QString.
Returns the name of the cipher, or an empty QString if this is a null cipher.
See also isNull().
Returns the cipher's protocol type, or QSsl::UnknownProtocol if QSslCipher is unable to determine the protocol (protocolString() may contain more information).
See also protocolString().
Returns the cipher's protocol as a QString.
See also protocol().
Returns the number of bits supported by the cipher.
See also usedBits().
Returns the number of bits used by the cipher.
See also supportedBits().
Returns true if this cipher is not the same as other; otherwise, false is returned.
Copies the contents of other into this cipher, making the two ciphers identical.
Returns true if this cipher is the same as other; otherwise, false is returned. | http://doc.qt.nokia.com/4.4/qsslcipher.html | crawl-003 | refinedweb | 205 | 62.75 |
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