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- .3 Declaring a Class with a Method and Instantiating an Object of a Class
We begin with an example that consists of classes GradeBook (Fig. 4.1) and GradeBook-Test (Fig. 4.2). Class GradeBook (declared in file GradeBook.cs) will be used to display a message on the screen (Fig. 4.2) welcoming the instructor to the grade-book application. Class GradeBookTest (declared in the file GradeBookTest.cs) is a testing class in which the Main method will create and use an object of class GradeBook. By convention, we declare classes GradeBook and GradeBookTest in separate files, such that each file's name matches the name of the class it contains.
Fig 4.1. Class declaration with one method.
Fig 4.2. Create a GradeBook object and call its DisplayMessage method.
To start, select File > New Project... to open the New Project dialog, then create a GradeBook Console Application. Rename the Program.cs file to GradeBook.cs. Delete all the code provided automatically by the IDE and replace it with the code in Fig. 4.1.
Class GradeBook
The GradeBook class declaration (Fig. 4.1) contains a DisplayMessage method (lines 8–11) that displays a message on the screen. Line 10 of the class displays the message. Recall that a class is like a blueprint—we need to make an object of this class and call its method to get line 10 to execute and display its message—we do this in Fig. 4.2.
The class declaration begins in line 5. The keyword public is an access modifier. Access modifiers determine the accessibility of an object's properties and methods to other methods in an application. For now, we simply declare every class public. Every class declaration contains keyword class followed by the class's name. Every class's body is enclosed in a pair of left and right braces ({ and }), as in lines 6 and 12 of class GradeBook.
In Chapter 3, each class we declared had one method named Main. Class GradeBook also has one method—DisplayMessage (lines 8–11). Recall that Main is a special method that's always called automatically when you execute an application. Most methods do not get called automatically. As you'll soon see, you must call method DisplayMessage to tell it to perform its task.
The method declaration begins with keyword public to indicate that the method is "available to the public"—that is, it can be called from outside the class declaration's body by methods of other classes. Keyword void—known as the method's return type—indicates that this method will not return (i.e., give back) any information to its calling method when it completes its task. When a method that specifies a return type other than void is called and completes its task, the method returns a result to its calling method. For example, when you go to an automated teller machine (ATM) and request your account balance, you expect the ATM to give you back a value that represents your balance. If you have a method Square that returns the square of its argument, you'd expect the statement
to return 4 from method Square and assign 4 to variable result. If you have a method Maximum that returns the largest of three integer arguments, you'd expect the statement
to return the value 114 from method Maximum and assign the value to variable biggest. You've already used methods that return information—for example, in Chapter 3 you used Console method ReadLine to input a string typed by the user at the keyboard. When ReadLine inputs a value, it returns that value for use in the application.
The name of the method, DisplayMessage, follows the return type (line 8). Generally, methods are named as verbs or verb phrases while classes are named as nouns. By convention, method names begin with an uppercase first letter, and all subsequent words in the name begin with an uppercase letter. This naming convention is referred to as Pascal case. The parentheses after the method name indicate that this is a method. An empty set of parentheses, as shown in line 8, indicates that this method does not require additional information to perform its task. Line 8 is commonly referred to as the method header. Every method's body is delimited by left and right braces, as in lines 9 and 11.
The body of a method contains statements that perform the method's task. In this case, the method contains one statement (line 10) that displays the message "Welcome to the Grade Book!", followed by a newline in the console window. After this statement executes, the method has completed its task.
Next, we'd like to use class GradeBook in an application. As you learned in Chapter 3, method Main begins the execution of every application. Class GradeBook cannot begin an application because it does not contain Main. This was not a problem in Chapter 3, because every class you declared had a Main method. To fix this problem for the Grade-Book, we must either declare a separate class that contains a Main method or place a Main method in class GradeBook. To help you prepare for the larger applications you'll encounter later in this book and in industry, we use a separate class (GradeBookTest in this example) containing method Main to test each new class we create in this chapter.
Adding a Class to a Visual C# Project
For each example in this chapter, you'll add a class to your console application. To do this, right click the project name in the Solution Explorer and select Add > New Item... from the pop-up menu. In the Add New Item dialog that appears, select Code File, enter the name of your new file (GradeBookTest.cs) then click the Add button. A new blank file will be added to your project. Add the code from Fig. 4.2 to this file.
Class GradeBookTest
The GradeBookTest class declaration (Fig. 4.2) contains the Main method that controls our application's execution. Any class that contains a Main method (as shown in line 6) can be used to execute an application. This class declaration begins in line 3 and ends in line 14. The class contains only a Main method, which is typical of many classes that simply begin an application's execution.
Lines 6–13 declare method Main. A key part of enabling the method Main to begin the application's execution is the static keyword (line 6), which indicates that Main is a static method. A static method is special because it can be called without first creating an object of the class (in this case, GradeBookTest) in which the method is declared. We explain static methods in Chapter 7, Methods: A Deeper Look.
In this application, we'd like to call class GradeBook's DisplayMessage method to display the welcome message in the console window. Typically, you cannot call a method that belongs to another class until you create an object of that class, as shown in line 9. We begin by declaring variable myGradeBook. The variable's type is GradeBook—the class we declared in Fig. 4.1. Each new class you create becomes a new type in C# that can be used to declare variables and create objects. New class types will be accessible to all classes in the same project. You can declare new class types as needed; this is one reason why C# is known as an extensible language.
Variable myGradeBook (line 9) is initialized with the result of the object-creation expression new GradeBook(). The new operator creates a new object of the class specified to the right of the keyword (i.e., GradeBook). The parentheses to the right of the Grade-Book are required. As you'll learn in Section 4.10, those parentheses in combination with a class name represent a call to a constructor, which is similar to a method, but is used only at the time an object is created to initialize the object's data. In that section you'll see that data can be placed in parentheses to specify initial values for the object's data. For now, we simply leave the parentheses empty.
We can now use myGradeBook to call its method DisplayMessage. Line 12 calls the method DisplayMessage (lines 8–11 of Fig. 4.1) using variable myGradeBook followed by a member access (.) operator, the method name DisplayMessage and an empty set of parentheses. This call causes the DisplayMessage method to perform its task. This method call differs from the method calls in Chapter 3 that displayed information in a console window—each of those method calls provided arguments that specified the data to display. At the beginning of line 12, "myGradeBook." indicates that Main should use the GradeBook object that was created in line 9. The empty parentheses in line 8 of Fig. 4.1 indicate that method DisplayMessage does not require additional information to perform its task. For this reason, the method call (line 12 of Fig. 4.2) specifies an empty set of parentheses after the method name to indicate that no arguments are being passed to method DisplayMessage. When method DisplayMessage completes its task, method Main continues executing at line 13. This is the end of method Main, so the application terminates.
UML Class Diagram for Class GradeBook
Figure 4.3 presents a UML class diagram for class GradeBook of Fig. 4.1. Recall from Section 1.15 that the UML is a graphical language used by programmers to represent their object-oriented systems in a standardized manner. In the UML, each class is modeled in a class diagram as a rectangle with three compartments. The top compartment contains the name of the class centered horizontally in boldface type. The middle compartment contains the class's attributes, which correspond to instance variables and properties in C#. In Fig. 4.3, the middle compartment is empty because the version of class GradeBook in Fig. 4.1 does not have any attributes. The bottom compartment contains the class's operations, which correspond to methods in C#. The UML models operations by listing the operation name followed by a set of parentheses. Class GradeBook has one method, DisplayMessage, so the bottomcompartment of Fig. 4.3 lists one operation with this name. Method DisplayMessage does not require additional information to perform its tasks, so there are empty parentheses following DisplayMessage in the class diagram, just as they appeared in the method's declaration in line 8 of Fig. 4.1. The plus sign (+) in front of the operation name indicates that DisplayMessage is a public operation in the UML (i.e., a public method in C#). The plus sign is sometimes called the public visibility symbol. We'll often use UML class diagrams to summarize a class's attributes and operations. | http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1705441&seqNum=3 | CC-MAIN-2019-30 | refinedweb | 1,820 | 65.22 |
With mobile computing taking hold, programmers are looking for ways to produce smaller and faster applications. Soon with the so called “Internet of Things” concept bringing possibly even smaller mobile devices into all areas of life, the need for smaller and faster software capable of running on tiny mobile devices may bring even greater challenges. Developers of Windows software may wonder, is it possible to write such software for the Windows platform ? Are there any secrets to how this can be done ?
You are likely not going to like it !
Programmers often like to tell other programmers that they should be willing to learn new technologies if they want to be able to build better software. If that would work, fine, but sadly it hasn’t produced the kind of software we are really looking for. Why not ? Because much of our coding styles have revolved around building desktop software using faster and faster hardware. Each year, better CPU’s, more memory and faster GPU’s have allowed programmers to tolerate development methods which, while producing some very good software, also has pushed up hardware requirements for such software. What we really need today are some well trained programmers who know how to squeeze every cycle out of a CPU, know how develop software which can run on minimal hardware (less powerful CPU and less memory) and know how to write software so that it uses less disk space (SSD’s are small on moble devices). But where can you find such programmers ?
Well, let me first say, you won’t like it when I tell you. The truth though is that such programmers do exist, but they are not what you would have expected. They also are becoming more and more rare. So where are they ?
I told you, you would not like it !
Actually, such programmers have been around for a long time, but the mainstream development community tends to shun them for a variety of reasons, but mostly because they are considered old fashioned and out of touch. But are they really out of touch or do they know something that others may find hard to accept ? So before I discuss these unique programmers, consider this illustration. Which would you prefer to work on your motorcycle, an experienced car mechanic or an experienced motorcyle mechanic ? The answer is obvious. Why ? Because while a car and a motorcycle have many things in common, motorcycles are designed differently and you would want someone who understands the complexities of working on a much smaller driving machine. Now in the world of mobile devices, rather than “cars” (the desktop PC), many prefer the smaller “motorcycle” (the tablet and smaller devices) and this introduces new challenges.
When programming was really difficult
Youthful programmers may not appreciate this, but for any who have been around awhile you may appreciate what it was like back on the 1970′s and 1980′s in the programming world. The challenges seemed insurmountable. I can remember learning how to program a Commodore 64 home computer, with only 64 kilobytes of memory. To be able to do anything significant with the computer, one had to learn to how to make every CPU cycle count, learn how to manipulate the hardware to do things beyond what the hardware was designed for and learn how to work with minimal resources such as memory and disk space. In my own case, I also learned this when I decided write a family friendly video game for the Commodore 64. Interpreted Basic was definitely not going to work. I had already started using a real compiler on the Commodore, a Basic language compiler by Abacus, but even that was not fast enough, so I found myself using the Abacus compiler to write my own compiler, which I ultimately used to write the game. In essence I was doing what ever I could to squeeze out every bit of power out of every CPU cycle. I sold that game and it was published in the October 1987 issue of the Compute Gazette magazine. It earned me nearly $1500 for just a couple weeks work.
The Commodore computer had ony a 1 megahertz CPU and 64 kilobytes of memory. How many programmers today could work with such limitations ? But the things done in those early years on such minimal hardware were amazing. For example a group of programmers created an operating system for the Commodore 64 called Geos, which was quite amazing for the limitations of the hardware. With the new, so called, “Internet of Things” on the horizon, surely we could benefit from programmers like this who know how to create amazing software which will run on minimal hardware. Actually, this is the point of this article.
Learning how to code software in the old days produced a mindset which some of these programmers, still around today, find hard to give up and maybe they shouldn’t. Is it really so bad a thing that a programmer wants to build fast running software which requires minimal hardware ? Actually, it is a very important consideration today ! Watch Herb Sutters talk, entitled “Why C++ ?” and I think you will appreciate what I mean. He discusses how important it is to develop faster , high performance, software and how getting away from managed languages and using C++ for development can accomplish this. But I would like to go much farther than Herb Sutter, in this article.
I warned you, you really are not going to like this !
If I had little experience in programming then maybe what I am about to say would have little value. But that is not the case. I started doing custom programming for local businesses back in the early 1990′s. My first work was on CPM computers and then when the IBM compatible (and DOS) became popular, I started writing software for that. I wrote software which did real work in real businesses, from local Mom and Pop operations to large manufacturers. I wrote software for accounting, point of sale, engineering, quality control, job tracking and estimating. Some of the DOS software I wrote is still in use today. For the last decade and a half I have been developing tools and libraries for programmers which have become the backend of some important commercial software. The likes of Chevron, Disney and even some popular TV shows have been using software which was written using my tools and my libraries. One example should suffice here to demonstrate this. Fathom Systems, in the UK, develop control devices used in the commercial diving, ROV and underwater engineering industries. They designer software for their equipment too and that software was written using Powerbasic and my own GUI tools. They sent me the link to the following video of a large project by Chevron, which uses their equipment and to run their equipment, software written using my own GUI engine. Watch the video and at about 4 minutes and 33 seconds into the video, pause it and notice the laptop which is controlling some of the equipment. The software doing this, was developed using my companies GUI tools. So, I do have some experience in writing real software and tools which have been used to write software which is being used by some very large companies.
Chevron Deepwater Pipeline project (video)
Now with that behind me, I continue. So what I am about to discuss next is not only possible, but actually practical for developing software for todays smaller mobile devices, particularly the Windows Desktop on x86 base systems. What can one learn from old time programming experience ?
Native coding
The first thing is that nothing compares to native coding for an operating system, especially Windows. Of one wants optimal performance, native coding definitely can produce very small applications which require minimal hardware. For Windows, this does not mean developing using DOT NET or even the WINRT, but means developing for the low level WIN32 API. My first Windows 95 computer (I upgraded from 16 bit Windows on that computer) only had 8 megabytes of memory, if I remember correctly. How could Windows back then run on so little memory ? Because of the design of the operating system itself. Windows was based on a flat API (not object oriented) and amazingly that core API still exists in Windows and is a core part of what makes it run today. While a bit terse at first to learn how to code for it, once a programmer masters it, it provides a huge feature set for producing some very powerful software. This style of coding has grown out fashion, possibly because it was difficult to master. Microsoft later came out with tools to make it easier, like MFC (Microsoft Foundation Classes), ATL, etc. Later managed languages literally took over Windows development.
So what does an old timer programmer like myself think of the two styles of programming, managed languages compared to native coding using the WIN32 API ? I was actually put into a situation where I gained a unique perspective on this, few programmers may have. When I moved to Windows programming I was using Visual Basic (classic). I had versions 1.0, 2.0 and later 5.0 professional. Visual Basic was a masterpiece when it comes to fast software development. Visual Basic, despite its amazing speed for designing the front end of software, also lacked in areas where I needed a bit more, so I left Visual Basic behind and then tried my hand at coding using Powerbasic (the closest thing as far as language syntax). Back then when I first started programming using PowerBasic, many programmers using it, used it as an addon to Visual basic for writing high performance DLLs. The language was capable of being used to write EXE’s too, but Powerbasic has no GUI command set at the time and so it was best suited for writing backend code (non-GUI) which is why it was marketed as an addon for Visual Basic. Develop your front end in Visual Basic, but use PowerBasic to write your number crunching code for the backend. But I wanted to be able to write a full blow application using PowerBasic alone. But Why ?
PowerBasic had two things Visual Basic lacked. One was that it was designed for better performance. It had many low level features which Visual Basic lacked such as pointers, very fast string engine with extensive command set, inline assembler and it was better suited for accessing the Windows API. Yes, Visual Basic programmers for years were extending Visual Basic by accessing the Windows API, but PowerBasic was designed specificly for this, so it was better suited. One nice example is how easy it was in Powerbasic to work with pointers, even code pointers. One could use the LoadLibrary API to load a DLL and then pool it for the address of an API function and then make a call to the function using the CALL DWORD command which is for calling a function using a pointer. PowerBasic also had a richer data type set, better suited for working with the Windows API.
So for a few years I was on a new adventure. I started to learn how to code using the native Windows API (WIN32). While some may laugh at the idea of using BASIC for any professional programming, what I was learning to do was more akin to learning how to code using pure C with the Windows API. Now mind you, I said C, not C++. Why ? Because working with the Windows API was more procedural in nature than object oriented, whether one did it in C or Powerbasic. To be able to learn how to work with the Windows API, I needed some kind of training and since there were literally no books available about using the Windows API with PowerBasic I had to use books written for C (not C++). Since coding with C using the Windows API went out of fashion in a short time after Windows became a 32 bit operating system, with Microsoft first pushing MFC and then later managed languages took over, when I would search out good books to read, I could only find used books from many years ago which I would look for on Amazon. I searched for the best books I could find on coding with C using the Windows API. I did find a few (the same was with OpenGL too). When I wanted to learn how to write custom controls, I could not find anything useful for 32 bit Windows and the only book I could find was for 16 bit Windows, but amazingly the techniques taught are still viable today even with Windows 8. So with an extensive library in hand, I proceeded to teach myself WIN32 programming. Fortunately, PowerBasic syntax is much easier to deal with than C, so coding the WIN32 with PowerBasic was much easier than coding using C, so maybe this is why it was possible to deal with it better. But learn I did.
What native coding has taught me!
What makes this story so interesting (at least for me) is what I learned from this effort to learn low level WIN32 coding. I have spent a decade and a half as a native coder and it is what one can accomplish with native coding that really amazes me. The Windows API (WIN32) is an amazing thing. It is actually very efficient and designed for performance. The many features designed in Windows for low level customization is just astounding to me. The DLL (dynamic link library) is ingenious. I work with things like writing custom control classes, threads, ownerdraw, customdraw, subclassing, superclassing, window hooks, custom dialog classes, DIBs (device independent bitmaps). But if the powerful features of the Windows API don’t excite a programmer, that maybe this will. Native coding allows a programmer to write software which will put most modern software to shame when it comes to performance and minimal hardware requirements. Native coding produces software which is so small, that it is simply amazing, really.
But there is more to this. Native coding is not object oriented ! Yes, native coding is more procedural in nature. True, later versions of Windows added a layer of new features using COM classes, but the majority of the WIN32 API is a flat API. Even when GDIplus was added, while Microsoft promoted using the C classes provided to work with it, they did create a flat API, which a few PowerBasic programmers were able to leverage so they could use much of the GDIplus using a more procedural style of coding and this benefited performance. Do you find this hard to believe ? Here is an example of how a native coder can leverage multiple graphic engines in Windows to work together and all in a tiny package using native coding. ZapSolution, a french company, developed a number of excellent graphic libraries using native coding. One is a skin engine, for skinning Windows ( WinLift ) applications and the other is a graphic engine which allows you to combine the GDI, GDIplus and OpenGL together seamlessly ( GDImage ). But what you will find amazing about both of the libraries is not only the performance, but the amazingly the tine size of the libraries. They were originally written in PowerBasic, but the developer switched over to C and is porting them to C. The two languages are very similar when doing native coding. It is not whether the libraries were created in PowerBasic or C, which really matters, but the point that they were developing using native coding using a purely flat API using a procedural style of coding.
Native coding produces some of the smallest executables you likely will ever see and the performance is as good as it gets. About the only way I could see one get better performance would be to use native coding but use assembler instead. I doubt most programmers could handle that, working with both native coding and assembler, but amazingly there are some who have. One of my favorite examples and a very nice toolbar painting utility called ToolBar Paint . It was written using native coding and assembler its tiny size shows it. The app even supports plugins.
Procedural coding style improves upon Native coding
While everything today seems to be all about OOP (object oriented programming), few appreciate the power of good old procedural style coding. What makes native coding so powerful is that it also uses a more procedural style of coding which is easier to debug and which produces much smaller applications with less overhead. Actually, I have found the good old dynamic link library (DLL) to be far more efficient and less resource hungry than modern day components (COM based OCX, dot.net components). DLL’s can be very efficient and can do some amazing things. The so called problems some faced with DLLs can be easily overcome by some simple practices. For example, if I plan on a DLL being upgraded but the filename needs to be the same, I design it from the beginning to pass the application a version number so the application can know what version of the DLL it actually loaded. This way the app can compensate or even provide information to the user that a different version of the library was found than expected, in the rare case it does. Second, in the old days hard drive space was limited so often libraries like DLL’s were installed in the System folder (or System32) to decrease disk space usage. But today, disk drives are so huge that this is no longer an issue, so DLL’s can simply be installed in the same folder as the application, which prevents problems with version conflicts. Native coded DLLs are so small in size, that the extra space used even on tablets is insignificant. Lastly, the practice of writing an API using a prefix for all function calls, decreases the problems with name conflicts (which name spaces was designed to solve in the managed world). For example I developed a GUI engine (DLL’s) which has a command set of nearly 900 commands (subroutine and function calls) and in the entire API I use a prefix for every API and even the constants used in the include file (similar to a C header). I uses the first letters of the products name as the prefix, so every API call starts with EZ_ . Other library developers have found this useful, to use a common prefix for an API they create. While this won’t solve every possible conflict between libraries, it does decrease them significantly, so one need not use namespaces anymore, but simply one can use a flat API library. I should also point out that the use of DLL’s and native coding, can allow one to create transportable software, which only needs to be copied and run. Much of the software today can only be run if it is properly installed by an installer program which handles any registrations with the operating system. Most applications could not simply just be copied from drive to another and then expected to run. Transportable software is purely standalone software which does not require any access to the registry, has no components to register and can simply be copied and run. It can easily be installed onto a flash drive, micro SD card or even be copied and run from the cloud drive, like SkyDrive.
Smaller, Faster
Programmers are always looking for ways to developer smaller and faster software. Some compiler makers have even considered that smaller and faster should be a major goal of their programming languages. Old time programmers know what it means to be able to build smaller and faster software. They had little choice when computers had so little power and memory. But today, programmers can benefit from that experience. Find that old time C programmer working in a corner somewhere in your shop and ask him (or her) how you can learn to build small, faster software. Maybe you might even have native windows coder in your shop or company somewhere. Surely they can teach todays programmers a thing or two about building smaller, faster software. So with the coming “Internet of Things” are you looking for ways to produce the next great software package which can run on even the smallest Windows device possible ? Why not learn more about native coding. Why not learn how the “old fashioned” procedural style of coding, often used with such native coding, can provide some benefits that even OOP can not. Now remember, I warned you a couple times in this article that you probably don’t want to hear this, so if you have read this article all the way to its end then maybe you have that itching inside to be the next native coder. Just be careful to not tell your friends you are one (no one wants to be laughed at). Instead just let your tiny, high performance apps that you create using native coding speak for themselves. Then you truly do get the last laugh. Maybe even a raise when you show the boss what you can do. So happy coding ! Maybe you too can be a native. | https://www.codeproject.com:443/Articles/725749/Smaller-Faster-with-Windows-programming?msg=4758255&PageFlow=FixedWidth | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | refinedweb | 3,560 | 59.53 |
Custom AI Models with Azure Machine Learning Studio and ML.NET
Premier
App. From the ready-to-consume set of Azure Cognitive Services to the comprehensive set of tools for data scientists available in Azure Machine Learning Service, there are many ways to apply AI into your products and services. The spectrum of AI offerings can be visualized as in Figure 1 – AI, ML and Deep Learning Technologies.
Figure 1 – AI, ML and Deep Learning Technologies
In this post, we will take a closer look at building a custom AI model with Azure Machine Learning Studio and ML.NET to detect a time-series anomaly and along the way, gain an understanding of how these offerings differ and the audience they each target.
Azure Machine Learning Studio
Azure Machine Learning Studio approaches custom model building through a drag-and-drop graphical user interface. Models are built as “Experiments” using data that you upload to your workspace, where you apply analysis modules to train and evaluate the model. The palette of modules includes data transformation tools, a wide variety of machine learning models, as well as the ability to execute your own Python or R scripts. The finished model can then be deployed as a web service by simply clicking on “Set up web service”.
Figure 2 – Studio Workspace
The workspace supports collaboration with colleagues by defining users who are allowed to access the workspace in the Settings area. A great way to get started with Studio is to take a look at the variety of examples that are published in the Azure AI Gallery. Import a sample into your workspace and click on the modules to get a feel for how you might design your own model.
In our example, we will use time-series data collected from a smart electric meter to detect anomalies in power consumption. In the data sample below, the daily power meter reading is shown in green and the derivative of the reading in yellow. The goal is to find anomalies like the spike in usage on 12/23.
Figure 3 – Smart Meter Data
In Studio, the sample data CSV is uploaded as a dataset, “power-export.csv” and added to the workspace canvas. The “Time Series Anomaly Detection” module was added to the canvas and linked to the power-export dataset. The modules added to the canvas offer the user the ability to customize its behavior through property settings. For the Time Series Anomaly Detection module, the following configuration settings are provided to tune the model.
Figure 4 – Time Series Anomaly Detection Property Settings
This module detects the columns that are present in the dataset to allow the user to select the time and data columns. Additional settings are exposed to allow the user to fine tune the model.
The “Convert to CSV” module was then added to the canvas to store the output of the results. The finished model is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 – Time Series Anomaly Detection Model
Once assembled, the model can be executed by clicking “Run”. Green checkmarks appear on each module as each step in the canvas is evaluated. By right-clicking the output node of the Time Series Anomaly Detection module and clicking “Visualize”, a quick view of the results can be displayed as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6 – Anomaly Detection Results
The results show an anomaly (Alert indicator = 1) for the meter reading on 12/23 that we noticed in the power meter reading chart. The model can now be deployed as a web service to detect anomalies in future readings. With little to no coding, we were able to create an anomaly detection model with our custom data set. However, the ease of use comes with limitations in the ways you can customize your model since you are limited to the configuration settings exposed in each module.
ML.NET
ML.NET is a machine learning framework for .NET developers. What was once limited primarily to data scientists with the Python/SciKit-Learn environment, ML.NET now enables all .NET developers to harness machine learning capabilities natively with C# and F# and integrate them into web, mobile, desktop, gaming, and IoT solutions.
Although ML.NET was announced at Build in 2018, the underlying machine learning libraries have been used for over a decade by Microsoft products such as Bing Ads (ad predictions), Excel (chart recommendations), PowerPoint (design ideas) and Windows Defender to name a few. ML.NET is an extensible framework that allows .NET developers to leverage other popular libraries such as TensorFlow.
ML.NET is open source and backed by the .NET Foundation. ML.NET is currently in preview but 1.0 is expected to be released in Q2 2019. You can find the ML.NET project on GitHub and participate in the ML.NET community on Gitter.
Workflow
ML.NET simplifies the implementation of the model definition by combining data loading, transformations, and model training into a single pipeline (chain of estimators). An estimator is the definition/promise of a transformer. The model building process simplifies the familiar Prepare, Train, Deploy steps.
Prepare Data
ML.NET allows you to ingest multiple types of data, including Text (CSV, TSV), Parquet, binary, IEnumerable<T>, and File sets. After the data loader is defined, the learning pipeline is defined with the necessary transforms to prepare your data into the format and type you need for processing. Support is provided for text transforms, changing data schema, handling missing data values, categorical variable encoding, normalization, selecting relevant training features, and NGram featurization.
Build and Train Model
The learning pipeline is then appended with your choice of training algorithm. A wide selection of algorithms are available in the Microsoft.ML.Trainers namespace, such as the KMeansPlusPlusTrainer to train your model. The model is created when the pipeline is “fit” to the training data.
Deploy
At this point, you have a model that can be integrated into any of your .NET applications by saving the model as a .zip file and loading it in your target application.
Time Series Anomaly Detection Example
Let’s use ML.NET to detect the power consumption anomaly that was found using Azure Machine Learning Studio.
Step 1: Create a new .NET Core project
Step 2: Add the Microsoft ML package to the project
- Microsoft.Data.DataView (v0.11.0) – Contains the IDataView system which is a set of interfaces and components that provide efficient, compositional processing of schematized data for machine learning and advanced analytics applications.
- Microsoft.ML (v0.11.0) – ML.NET is a cross-platform open-source machine learning framework which makes machine learning accessible to .NET developers.
- Microsoft.ML.TimeSeries (v0.11.0) – Microsoft.ML.TimeSeries contains ML.NET Time Series prediction algorithms. Uses Intel Math Kernel Library (Mkl).
Step 3: Edit the code in Program.cs file
Step 4: Define the MeterData class
Step 5: Define the SpikePrediction class
Step 6: Replace the code in the Main method with the following:
Step 7: Create the LoadPowerDataMin method
Step 8: Create BuildTrainEvaluateModel to train the model and output the prediction column.
Step 9: Start the application (F5)
The application will display the transformed power meter data values with the following columns – Alert, Score, and P-Value.
As you can see the same anomaly or spike detected by the Azure Machine Learning Studio experiment is also identified using ML.NET.
One convenient aspect of building models in this way is that you can swap algorithms in your pipeline fairly easily to experiment with other algorithms available in the API. For instance, in our example, it would be a minor adjustment to try the IidSpikeEstimator or another algorithm and evaluate if that would be the more appropriate algorithm for the model.
Closing Thoughts
Azure Machine Learning Studio and ML.NET are both capable offerings to help you create custom AI models. When you glance through the comparison table below, you begin to see the platforms are designed with different audiences in mind.
Azure Machine Learning Studio allows you to be productive quickly with little to no code and allows you to easily operationalize your model as a web service. However, the models are created within the cloud tool and must run in the cloud environment. If you are looking for a platform to quickly build and evaluate a model, and you are more comfortable with Python or R scripting when necessary, Azure Machine Learning Studio may be a great fit. For the .NET developer that prefers working with code, ML.NET provides a flexible platform to build custom models and integrate them into .NET applications of any type. It also allows you to maintain your productivity by staying in the Visual Studio development environment to leverage all the familiar tools like IntelliSense.
Special thanks to Cesar de la Torre (@cesardelatorre), Principal Program Manager of the .NET and ML.NET Product Group for the ML.NET overview and content review, Shahab Moradi, Sr. Data Scientist and Prathyusha Korrapati, VS/.NET PM for help with the APIs.
You can find this sample as well as others at | https://devblogs.microsoft.com/premier-developer/custom-ai-models-with-azure-machine-learning-studio-and-ml-net/ | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | refinedweb | 1,513 | 55.24 |
Call For Halt To Wikipedia Webcomic Deletions 720
ObsessiveMathsFreak writes "Howard Tayler, the webcomic artist of Schlock Mercenary fame, is calling on people not to donate money during the latest Wikimedia Foundation fund-raiser. This is to protest?"
Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
I agree that there are definitely some people who want to delete to readily, but then again there are people who are pushing trivia on Wikipedia, which is not good. It can run both ways.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
If articles such as webcomics have been deleted due to speedy deletion, then the admin doing the deletion is in violation of policy and should be called to account. However, is there any evidence of that happening? I'm genuinely interested.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Informative)
It also seems you're ignoring a lot of votes in favor of keeping the webcomic articles. An example from the aforementioned comments: Checkerboard Nightmare's [wikipedia.org] (though it didn't end up deleted since even after deleting over half of the keep votes, the keeps were still in majority). What the fuck is up with that?
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
It is the task of admins and other people in the discussion to reveal "single purpose accounts", accounts created just to stockpile in either
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Interesting)
Clearly the administrator, JtkieferT, is deleting votes and using fairly arbitrary criteria to delete them.
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
The system has changed. The example given is no longer valid.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
There's no irony in the above whatsoever. For Encarta or EB to have an article on "Bob the Angry Flower", Microsoft or Britannica has to pay professionals real money to research and write the article for the subject. And in the past, EB would have had the added problem of the size of the encyclopedia adding to its cost and manageability for end users. By comparison, in Wikipedia we're talking about articles that have already been written and contributed for free, that - if truly non-noteworthy - add fractions of a cent to the costs of running Wikipedia as an on-going operation. Bandwidth costs for an article nobody reads are non-existent, the only real cost is storage. How much does 10 kilobytes cost?
I'm not proposing (and didn't propose - I did the opposite) that there's no reason for AFDs at all, but I do believe that as deleting legitimate articles has a real cost and DOES undermine Wikipedia more than keeping a non-notable article, the discretion should be on the side of not deleting. Fast track processes for article deletion in particular need to be reviewed so only the narrowest of criteria can apply to them. That is not the case right now.
Personally I can't see how a periodically updated openly available webcomic is not a legitimate subject for an encyclopedia article in an environment such as Wikipedia's where the contribution cost is free and the maintenance cost is more or less proportional to the webcomic's notability. Unless the comic is being used as a wedge to pass by genuinely unencyclopedic content, there's no legitimate reason to delete such articles.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Interesting)
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
I think part of the problem is that to a casual wikipedia user, like most of those who have recently jumped on the webcomic deletion problem bandwagon (it's not like the phenomenon of these deletions has only just started), WP:AFD is a confusing place. It's tempting to think that people who comment there are in some way considered more important than you are. There's a lot of politicking going on behind t
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Not sure what your issue is though. The article was kept! Perhaps it might be time to move on? This happened 2 years ago, and the article was kept, which is clearly what you wanted.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
The web is a rapidly-growing environment. Show me how many well-done, intelligent, popular webcomics have professional (or at least webzines, although those are often not good enough) things written about them...
So are similar things like local music communities. There are plenty of bands in, say, New York City or Philadelphia that produce serious, sophisticated music, have experienced musicians, are not "some stupid kid's garage band," have a decent following, but have not put out albums on a major label nor toured heavily (two of the only criteria for bands that aren't very, very famous to not get speedily-deleted). Also, what about bands *not* in major cities? Where a band has its venues should not be of matter, although I'm sure most people would say to themselves, "Oh, a band from Philly *must* be more worthy of inclusion than a band from Nowhereville, no matter how artistic, serious, mature, or respected they are."
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
As long as information is accurate, it shouldn't need to be important. Stick it in a trivia page or separate it if you want, but don't make it disappear. We all see different things as important - and on a global scale, any piece of information will be important to someone.
Of course, if it turns out that this whole thing is about Wikipedia's hard drives getting a bit cramped and you need to trim things down because a nonprofit can't afford a new drive, contact me and I'll FedEx down a spare drive
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Interesting)
Part of the reason why Wikipedia is cool is because of the sometimes-bizarre breadth and depth of the information in there. Have you ever looked at some of the TV show pages? I won't name names, because I don't want some overzealous admin going in and burning them all, but there are some long-running shows that have pages for every one of hundreds of episodes, that get into incredible minutiea and detail. And I think that's great. That's what makes Wikipedia superior to any other 'encyclopedia' -- every other encyclopedia that's ever been written has been forced to cut and compress content due to the nature of paper-based printing. Wikipedia doesn't, but it sure seems like some people are still thinking that way.
If an article is well-written and the content in it is factual and referenced, I think it's ridiculous to delete it on "notability" grounds, particularly when the 'notability' criteria tend to be debatable and subjective.
Wikipedia is, despite all these things, a good project. But it's sometimes painful to watch because it could be so much more, if it wasn't held back by people quibbling over what "encyclopediac" means. If Wikipedia just kept going and didn't look back, it would redefine what an 'encyclopedia' meant. It could own that word, rather than be shackled by it.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
Maybe some admins and users have taken the various "Wikipedia vs. Britanica" comparisons of years past a little too much to heart, and are trying to "improve" Wikipedia by removing all of those articles which wouldn't ever appear in Britanica, but that's an extremely short-sighted thing to do. I mean, "A page for every Pokemon" may be a catchy (if inaccurate) joke about Wikipedia, but it also represents a strength, not a weakness: After all, there are lots of places one can go on the internet to find information about, say, France, or The Battle of the Nile, or Channel Island Politics; there aren't nearly as many places you can go to learn actual facts about Patrick Farley's award-winning comics, or the differences between all of the various Gundam Wing incarnations, or the full internet career arc of Star Wars Kid.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
Yes, you have to be concerned about pushing the S/N ratio too low, but that could be remedied without constant purging based on subjective guidelines. If an article starts to accrue a lot of cruft or trivia, either just rewrite it more cleanly (preserving the other information, if anyone wants it, in the older versions), or move the trivia to a sub-page. There's no reason why you can't have a page for 'foo' and then a separate page for 'foo trivia' or 'foo in popular culture', if those sections are starting to get out of hand. That lets the people who want to find that information find it, while presenting a concise summary on the main namespace page.
More information is always better; the only bad information is unorganized information. If WP admins were as aggressive about shuffling non-essential stuff into sub-articles and keeping the main namespace clear, it would be fine, and Wikipedia would be broader and deeper as a result.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Interesting)
It's not like we're talking about a set of books here, where there are limits to how big the set could reasonably be? Is Wikipedia running out of hard drive space?
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
The problem comes in when someone nominates for speedy deletion an article on a website which has clearly been regularly updated for years and has an active fanbase. Not only is this a request for cleanup but it is also a slap in the face as you're put in the same category as the Eponymous Bastard Webcomic Online. (unfortunately I don't have the list of deleted webcomic and the site is
I'd suggest that any web site that has been online and regularly updated for a year cannot be speedily deleted.
Another suggestion is to, instead of deleting, move them to a webcomic wiki.
But in the end, wikipedia has articles on every single pokemon. I'd consider webcomics more interesting than that.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
It's not like we're talking about a set of books here, where there are limits to how big the set could reasonably be? Is Wikipedia running out of hard drive space?
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
I've written many other articles for wikipedia, and none of them were pulled, so it's not like I don't kow how, or I don't know what I'm taking about. However, since there has been this overzealous culling of articles, my production of articles for wikipedia has decreased dramatically, and I no longer consider it my "go to" for general info. Either wikipedia DOES IT ALL, or it has to fess up to the facts: it's not an ecyclopaedia.
RS
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Informative)
I'd read about all sorts of random internet subculture on Wikipedia some time ago, and when I went to pull it up again for whatever reason, the whole lot of it was gone. Not only did I never find the information a second time (I sure as hell can't be bothered to look through dozens of pages of revisions), but I wasted a lot of time clicking around and hoping I'd stumble across it as is so common on Wikipedia. Yes, it was trivia. No, it wasn't especially important information - but that's true of a ton of things. Nonetheless, I'd found it interesting, and wasted a bunch of time in vain trying to find it again. It might not have done me much good to find it, but I was worse off with it not being there thanks to all the wasted time looking.
Re: (Score:3)
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Interesting)
And yes, there are problems with administrators. They are neither sysadmins, nor moderators, but mop-wielders; the problem is that many of them forget that their place on Wikipedia is that of the janitor. It's not a position of nobility and honor, but a behind-the-scenes set of tasks that should never be brazenly abused.
Finally, the community does not have a system in place for culling definitive consensus. The system currently in place is essentially plurality voting: A small slice of the population shows up, registers to vote, and then votes for one of the two candidates (Mr. "Keep" or Mr. "Delete.") Occasionally, there are write-ins, but those are usually viewed as part of the spoiler effect. The administrator presiding over the vote may choose to, at his discretion, nullify or amend the results of the vote. It's democratic, but not quite consensual.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
One: the difference in perception of relevance between normal Wikipedia users and zealous deletionist administrators.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
"The big problem is the systemic denial that Wikipedia could eventually be the sum of all recordable knowledge"
Thats a reality, not a denial. More is not always better, and frankly it is often worse. The most valuable function a work of reference has is filtering out unimportant irrelevant crap that makes it harder to find what you really want. If when I search for the term "London Bridge" I have to go through articles on every work of literature, popular culture reference, or inside joke between a gr
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful).
And the second problem is also very much true. I've seen articles marked for deletion where the decision was made (either way) based on 3-4 "votes". Hello? You are deciding to keep or delete an article for millions of visitors based on a random sample of 0.00001% of them? That is not democracy. Democracy is having everyone vote (or at least have the opportunity). Democracy is not running your country (or website) by the opinion of the first three people you meet on the train that morning.
Re:Problem parsing sentence (Score:5, Interesting)
A corollary to Duverger's Law, which predicts that plurality voting will always lead to two-party systems, the spoiler effect is the tendency of a third-party candidate (like Ms. "Cleanup" or Mr. "Merge") to "steal votes" from another, similarly aligned candidate, like Mr. "Keep."
My comment was that advanced members of the community with a broader mindset than "Keep/delete," such as myself back when I was on Wikipedia, tended to aim towards merging or cleanup whenever possible for notable articles, but there is almost never any such splintering within the "delete" crowd, and they tend to be quite vocal in eliminating claims of notability. For example, in this case, I remember a few months back how the Web Cartoonist's Choice Awards, possibly the highest honor a webcomic artist can receive, was not only refused as a measure of notability, but also had its article deleted. This is a more serious example, but there are others.
I need sleep now, but I'll just leave with my story. I left the project because of what I perceived as administrative abuse of a fellow user who was always acting in good faith until she was blocked, after which her actions were made in the same bad faith as those of the administrators with whom she sparred. It's really too bad; I wanted to do a series of articles on Internet memes, but I left and ED stepped in instead. (Believe me, ED is no improvement.) You can find the story at my userpage. People like me will never rejoin the project as long as it refuses a simple truth: It's not possible for Wikipedia to be open and controlled at the same time. The same thing happened to cdrecord, XFree86, and Mozilla with Debian; they thought they could control something that belongs to the community, and each time, Debian just shrugged and forked. The only things standing between Wikipedia and that fate are deep pockets and name recognition.
Re:Problem parsing sentence (Score:4, Informative)
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
The "Write-ins" are alternatives like Merge and Cleanup - which are really other ways of saying "Keep" but do not actually seem to count as "Keep" votes, thus making it seem like there are fewer supporters of the Keep option when it might actually be what the majority wants, if only in spirit.
In other words, "Merge" and "Cleanup" should be counted as "Keep" for the purpose of those votes. If the admin only does a
Re:Feel proud of yourself then? (Score:5, Funny)
Kinda like yelling at someone over the internet.
Arrogant prat.
Oh, the irony is delicious!
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
Why is trivia bad?
Seriously. What's wrong with more articles? Why would wikipedia ever reject a voluntary contribution?
Extra articles don't clutter up wikipedia. They simply don't get looked at. So what? Who cares? Let them sit there. If someone wants to improve them, let them. If no one looks at them, then they aren't harming anyone. The elitism that's taken hold in wikipedia is an antithetical to the very principles on which it was founded.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
But aren't 99% of the entries in any encyclopedia unimportant to a particular reader of that encyclopedia? Conversely, if someone bothered to make a Wikipedia entry for it, there is at least one person in the world who considered this information important. In your defense you only give a circular definition of unimportant (= trivial = unimportant).
That sounds like shifting the goal posts to me. Yes, the entry of a particular topic should be on topic, but as long as an entry is on topic to a particular subject, even if the topic is the color of the bricks of the local school, why should it be deleted? Or do you mean that Wikipedia as a whole has a subject? If so, what is it?
Again, why, and what exactly is `trivial'?
(Ignoring the rather cryptic example.) Of course there are reasons to remove information, but why is `it is trivial' one of these reasons?
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
I think that Wikipedia policy of removing "trivia" and the NPOV policy crash with one another. The problem you have with your deffinition of Trivia is that you define it as "unimportant information" and the term "unimportant" indicates a point of view. It may be unimportant for you, or for the bunch of guys who are editing the wikipedia but it is important for someone else doing, for example, some research about the mismatches of equipment (cars in this case) in movies, for which some of these information snippets [wikipedia.org] would be relevant.
I haven't said what is trivial. I've merely said that trivia is not good for Wikipedia because providing unimportant info is not part of our goals.
But again, who are you to define what is and what is not important information?
In my opinion (which, of course is not neutral) the information contained *in* trivia must be integrated with the rest of the articles. Therefore, it is trivia lists what should be discouraged, but the information must be kept there in a good prose text.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
As far as I see it, Wikipedia is less an encyclopaedia and more a burgeoning store of all world knowledge. Obviously there has to be a lower limit to the notability or notoriety of a subject before you want to waste the few kb's of storage space on it (a One Childish n00b entry, for example, would be pointless, but an article on the debate over whether trivia sections should or shouldn't be allowed would be worthy of a mention on Wikipedia's Wikipedia page - Ironically, probably in the trivia section), but as far as I see it, eliminating trivia sections is destroying large swathes of interesting facts because it doesn't fit an encyclopaedic style.
The problem that arises from that is you are removing knowledge that people might want to read. Wikipedia is not a valid academic reference and I doubt it ever will be due to the fluid nature of it's contents, so removing interesting trivia tidbits to make articles look more academic or 'encyclopaedia-like' strikes me as taking form over function.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Interesting)
However, as you did ask, it's interesting that you note that removing info that people want to see if a bad thing. I would agree. But if the information is interesting, informative and on-topic, then it's not really trivia.
One thing I would like to point out is that list of information is frowned upon by many, many Wikipedians. Trivia sections are generally disliked because they a. are about trivia (i.e. information that is generally not important or germane to the topic) and Wikipedia is trying to be an encyclopedia, and b. we try to encourage excellent prose and brilliant writing in articles. List of unrelated information do not encourage that, and in fact can make an article less readable as they encourage sloppy and lazy editing. It's far easier to write a list of points than it is to carefully incorporate the information into prose. We don't want to encourage that sort of thing.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
Trivia sections have the support of many, many Wikipedians, as is evidenced by the large number of them that exist and continue to exist.
Some months ago, it was decided by a tiny percentage of Wikipedia editors - those who take part in the policy discussions - that trivia sections were to be marked as discouraged. In thousands (tens of thousands?) of articles, someone inserted a little box in the trivia section saying that trivia sections were discouraged.
For most of the editors who actually work on the articles in question, this was the first time we were aware that there was a crusade to eliminate trivia.
And months later, those boxes are still there, and so are the trivia sections. It seems that the people who actually edit articles don't take kindly to random persons coming in and barking orders about how to edit an article. We scroll right past those annoying little boxes and continue to edit and add to the trivia sections.
So much for "consensus". Consensus on wikipedia is a sham - it means consensus among people who spend their time reading and editing WP:* pages, not among the community as a whole.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Here, I'll "check the facts": [wikipedia.org]
There's a sample of five thousand articles that still have your little anti-trivia boxes nagging the editors to "fix" trivia sections. Press "Next 5000" to see the other half of the list.
The facts show that plenty of editors are ignoring the trivia nag-box.
Let's take one of these articles as an e
Trivia isn't always (Score:3, Interesting)
If progress had depended on Wikipedia, it wouldn't have happened. And it's not just in hard science - an art historian could provide countless examples of what became major movements in art that
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:5, Insightful)
One flaw with that...
Wiki has evolved into a useful resource for looking up information - Not always the authoritative source, but if I don't recognize a concept, I'll usually check Wiki first.
Now, in the long run, every article should evolve into something well-written and fully referenced. In the short term, even a two-sentence summary of something only briefly popular does a world more good than nothing. Yeah, what amounts to a promotional blurb for a minor webcomic doesn't exactly qualify as high-quality reference material - But as opposed to a blank page?
In the loooooooong term, humanity itself fails the "notability" requirement. Unless Wiki evolves into a math and physics oriented reference, calling "WWII" notable and "Full Frontal Nerdity" not, amounts to nothing less than purely subjective discrimination.
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Informative)
Considering that these people are permanent visitors to wikipedia, while those who could defend a page are not necessarily, this is a slightly uphill battle.
On the other hand, who said wikipedia must have an exhaustive list+synopsys of all webcomics, films, etc.
Maybe the problem is that it isn't clear what wikipedia must have.
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Being an administrator on Wikipedia is a serious position of responsibility, yet 12 year olds are free to get themselves voted into the clique by ingratiating themselves with other admins and doing nothing but minor edits. If they actually knew the effort needed to research, source, verify and
Re:Admins to blame? (Score:4, Insightful)
On the other hand... (Score:5, Insightful)
If there is one side you should not listen to on if web comic X should be put there, it is the web comic writers. Because these are already biased.
Re:On the other hand... (Score:5, Insightful)
Look, I write a webcomic. I admit it. I also know that as it stands, I have a snowball's chance in hell of getting a Wikipedia article, and probably will remain at that point for another year, minimum. I don't care about getting an article for my comic there right now because either way I don't stand to profit in any form beyond some eventual respect for what I do, so my impact is reduced to whatever stir I can make.
I don't want the guidelines removed; I want something a little less capricious than "Must have been reviewed in dead-tree format". If truly notable comics like Evil Inc. and Checkerboard Nightmare are deleted from Wikipedia, and Schlock Mercenary's status on wikipedia is somehow 'tainted' because his series of books is self-published as opposed to going through some publisher like Scholastic, then how the hell am I supposed to know when mine is notable? More importantly, WHEN? Does a review in my college's paper count? The AJC? Does every webcomic have to be featured in the New York Times to be notable? Or can I just go "I have X number of comics in my archive and X amount of fanbase, is this enough?"
The concept that all online content is suspect is a holdover from Compuserve days. Surely we have evolved beyond this.
snobs (Score:5, Insightful)
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Trivipedia (Score:5, Interesting)
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
If Wikipedia wants to constantly delete, then shuffle the smaller articles to a Triviapedia. You might find some interesting statistics about what the people of the world (and not necessarily the Wiki) actually want to see.
Given Wiki's lengthy treatment of Magneto... (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:Given Wiki's lengthy treatment of Magneto... (Score:5, Insightful)
The problem, you see, is that Wikipedia has positioned itself as _not making judgements of importance of a particular subject_. Yet they use a word, "notability", that is a synonym of "importance".
Whether a wikipedia article is allowed to exist is supposed to be judged by a somewhat objective standard: whether or not other writers of reference works considered reliable have considered the subject important enough to write and publish about.
Unfortunately, the result of this rule is (1) subjective squabbling over which works are considered reliable and (2) a distinct bias against topics that are on the fringes of culture. Webcomics have suffered due to both of these: works that write about webcomics have largely been considered to be unreliable, and because they are often fringe subjects there aren't many works to choose from.
notability purges on mens rights issues (Score:5, Interesting)
It's sad that even famous authors and events in history are removed due to notability, if simpsons episodes and 4chan can be in it, so can best selling authors from the 80s. I Tried to add Twyana Davis as an article, just for it be deleted for notability reasons, mostly because a couple 20'ish editors never alive in the 80s, read the newspapers or watched tv. So its not notable to them. One of the largest rape scandals to happen.
I've seen editors say text was copyrighted, when it was released under creative commons, and proof provided, still deleted. An editor deletes because stub articles should be put into other articles, which makes no sense. Information goes in, it gets edited by everyone as time goes on, thats what makes a wiki powerful.
Its a freaking political nightmare, if someone doesn't agree with you, they can delete it for a numerous reasons, and people are finally seeing that. Notability is sighted as the number 1 excuse for deleting an article that someone doesnt agree with.
Ha, take a look at the pit bull article, its a warzone, editors dont agree with the AKA and the National society of veterinarians.
Wikipedia while useful, is horribly ingrained in thought control by editors. Its suppose to be a collection of human knowledge, not "Only knowledge that we agree with". Those who control the information, as the saying goes....
So, I wont donate until they change their rules and behavior. Groups have set up their own WIKI's due to this political/social moderation.
Bah! It's an encyclopedia, stupid! (Score:5, Insightful)
There's a reason it's called Wikipedia and that is to be a tertiary source like any other encyclopedia. There is nothing new or unique about how encyclopedias work, and since notability is a subset of reliable sourcing, why doesn't this point get hammered into the minds of the general public when Wikipedia is one of the most used online resources?
Admittedly, Wiki itself doesn't make the distinction, and it's further hampered by Jimbo Wales going out and making asinine statements about how Wikipedia aims to be "the sum of all human knowledge" [wikipedia.org]. But some of the fault has to lie with the public. I suppose a lot of (mostly younger) people have never owned an old-fashioned encyclopedia in their life, and are used to more casual websites where anything goes.
Re:Bah! It's an encyclopedia, stupid! (Score:5, Interesting)
There are two issues. The first is that a lot of fancruft and garage band stuff is inappropriately entered. Zapping stuff like that kinda numbs the admins to deletion, it becomes a routine thing to do.
Along comes someone wanting to create an entry on Wikipedia about a comic, but they haven't a clue how to cite references - or where the media has failed - actually know that you should source everything in an encyclopedia.
So, you now have a rather crufty "Comic X" article, which comes to the attention of this deletion-numb admin. Knows nothing about the subject, plugs it into Google, gets a few hits but not a lot. It gets tagged for deletion, when perhaps it should have been tagged as lacking sources. This last option is a step away from deletion and a far better solution.
Oh, and *please* do donate. Wikipedia is the 9th most visited site on the Internet, and the Wikimedia Commons is growing at a rate of 5,000 images a day.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
I'm sorry, but unless they clarify their the whole notability issue and crack down on crusading deleters, I don't think I can give them any more money. Personally, I've only written one article from scratch about an obscure Japanese island which eventually got improved greatly and has never been deleted, but I like to read a great deal and found several art
Re:Bah! It's an encyclopedia, stupid! (Score:5, Insightful)
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Because that is *NOT* how people use it. A lot of people, me included, use it to find information on topics that *aren't* to be found in an encyclopedia, the small barely notable details that anything printed on paper would never included (Pokemon details, TV episode summaries, etc). Wikipedia is not printed on paper and I really don't see any good reason why it should try to
wikisnobs (Score:5, Insightful)
Just the other day I saw that "People Eating Tasty Animals" was marked for deletion twice. While it's not as notable as "roe vs wade", IMO it was an important case (whether or not you liked the verdict).
Also, there are plenty of articles which are not written in an "encyclopedic way", but those are the bits I like.
for example: "Deed of change of name" (which was recently brought to my attention)
Edited snippet:
"There are various reasons why a person would want to change his or her name:
* to replace a frivolous name given by their parents (e.g., old name James Bond, new name Jason Bond; a well known example is Elton John, who changed from Reginald Kenneth Dwight in favour of a career in the Music Industry)"
The last bit is definitely not "encyclopedic in style", but I like it
The way wikipedia currently works, I think only spam or vandalism articles should be deleted. Because with deletion you lose a LOT of stuff permanently. There is no history etc. They could always leave the page and history there, then replace the final page with a standard "deleted/not notable/<other reason>" and people can go to history to see the article if they want.
If it's a namespace/clutter issue, why don't they just move all the stuff they consider not notable in a "not notable" section.
e.g.
Anyway, I don't really care if wikipedia destroys their own usefulness - IMO the wikipedia has become successful in spite of the policies, power-mad admins and "leadership" than because of it. It's a wiki, lots of people used it and it grew. If wikipedia doesn't want to hold "nonnotable" stuff I'm sure someone eventually would and a decent search engine should help me find it.
Deleting is too easy (Score:5, Insightful)
I gave up offering help to Wikipedia last year... (Score:5, Insightful)
When questioned one of the deletee's simply replied "well it was marked for deletion and no-one said anything so we deleted it".
So when you spend your own free time to help out and have some idiots just click away on the delete button it really makes you think "why bother" and since then, I havent.
slashdot filtering for wikipedia? (Score:3, Insightful)
Webcomics vs. Porn Stars (Score:5, Insightful)
The idea that any actor, even an actor in a cheap porn filmed in a barn in Idaho, is worthy of an article because it exists in the space outside of Internet culture while a webcomic has to meet a meaningless standard of notability outside of its primary sphere of influence and existence is evidence that the notability requirement, while well-meaning, is fundamentally flawed.
Storm on the horizon? (Score:5, Insightful)
Slashdot tends to draw attention to things in a massive way, and that Delete button is pretty high-profile right now.
I'm not saying people should do it, but if they did... Would it cause a policy change? A LOT of useful articles will disappear if it happens.
Personally, I think Wikipedia is only good for the non-obvious stuff... You know, the stuff you -can't- find in a 'real' encyclopedia. Anything I could find in a real one, I'd go there first, since I'd likely want to cite it.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
That would've saved me an hour or two.
I've largely given up contributing... (Score:5, Interesting)
Fuck you, tossers - I'll save my creative time and effort for someone who can appreciate it.
Everyone is interested in something different (Score:5, Interesting)
I watched 28 Days Later [wikipedia.org] a few days ago and then read its article on Wikipedia. I was intrigued by the virus in the movie [wikipedia.org] and noticed that its article needed a little cleaning up, so I did so [wikipedia.org]. Oh well. They decided that it's just fanfiction [wikipedia.org] and now it's marked for deletion.
OK, so it's just an unimportant article about a fictional virus [wikipedia.org], but darn it, I found it interesting reading to the point that I wanted to add to it. I'm a Republican [wikipedia.org] and not interested in the Democratic candidates next year; maybe I should delete their article. Baseball [wikipedia.org] is just a game; delete. I'm not Catholic [wikipedia.org] - gotta go. I like turtles all the way down [wikipedia.org], so dark matter [wikipedia.org] can bite it.
My point is that everyone values and takes interest in different things. If it's not costing Wikipedia a lot to host minor pages on diverse subjects, then why not? Part of that huge diversity is what made Wikipedia popular. You'd think they'd heard of the network effect [wikipedia.org] and the long tail [wikipedia.org].
At any rate, they can delete the article I like if they want, but if they're still going to ask for my money [wikimediafoundation.org] afterward, they can bite me [wikipedia.org]. Incidentally, that last article is the plot summary of an episode of a non-mainstream TV show. Hope I didn't draw the attention of the delete-happy admins.
Wikipedia has a "Notability Policy?" (Score:3, Insightful)
Couldn't agree more (Score:3, Insightful)
For example, in a world that's going more and more online, the requirement for a website, online game, etc. to be "notable" is that it must be mentioned in at least one offline source (magazine, newspaper, etc).
Now, Wikipedia might not have noticed, but magazines and newspapers are going online. There are already online editions of many noteable, respected magazines that never make (in whole) it to print, where the online edition contains more content.
Plus, of course, the simple fact that it makes absolutely no sense whatsoever to delete content from Wikipedia. What, really, is the point? All the arguments I've heard so far about search relevance, etc. are easily addressed (mark a page as "minor interest" and make the search reduce the relevance of such pages so they show late in the search, for example).
I, personally, think it's fear of some wiki admins who can't cope with the sheer scope that "their" project has reached, most importantly with the fact that it isn't "their" project anymore, it's ours (as in "all of us").
Citizendium has no "notability" policy (Score:4, Interesting)
We ( Citizendium [citizendium.org], Slashdotted yesterday [slashdot.org]) have no "notability" policy. Like much that is conceptually confused on Wikipedia, that policy was invented after I left.
Of relevance: we do have a maintainability policy [citizendium.org]. I'm not sure what our stance toward webcomics might be, but I suspect it would turn out to be more permissive than Wikipedia's. Just note that we do have a strict rule against self-promotion [citizendium.org]. This means that a webcomic would have to be at least important enough for someone else to want to start an article about it. Fair enough, no?
In other news, the Citizendium has just started its own funding drive [groundspring.org]. If you're boycotting Wikipedia over deletionism, but you want to support free knowledge, why not give to an outfit that really needs your money?
:-)
Problems With 'Notability' at Wikipedia (Score:5, Informative)
The Wikiproject for Webcomics (Score:5, Interesting).
Notability is the cancer of Wikipedia (Score:4, Insightful)
Plagarism is a real concern. Notability is just petty.
Re:So what makes your comic so special? (Score:5, Funny)
Troll? (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:Troll? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Troll? (Score:5, Insightful)
"Wow. Cry baby much?" - A trollish start, obviously. Then the comment writer misses the point of the article by going on to list things *he* considers non-notable.
"What's important to someone, a fan, a listener, a developer may not be important to anyone else and you have to work hard to prove notability." - His use of this sentence is a logical contradiction; the sentence shows how subjective 'notable' is.
"Mere existence isn't enough. Has the comic you read won an award? Published an anthology? Those are pretty good indicators of notability. Having a URL? No." - He is putting up a straw man here.
"The whine that some comic was mentioned in a local newspaper was laughable; being notable in your own back yard, how is that good notability?" - Another straw man and wait, I thought he only said a URL wasn't notable? Have to be published in a "popular" paper? SUBJECTIVE.
"Heck, if that counted I think I'll present a note from my mom saying I'm notable and list myself. Why should web comics have different rules to everyone else?" - Two straw men; note from mom is an uninsightful analogy, and the article wasn't about web comics 'having different rules'.
That's why it's a troll. To respond to you rather than this troll - I see that you are defending Wikipedia in this thread, presumably because you've invested some time in it, but please keep in mind that the best way to help something is not necessarily to defend its current practices, if they are flawed.
Re:So what makes your comic so special? (Score:5, Insightful)
Now, the problem is, what defines notability? I believe an example I saw given on Wikipedia was "will they still matter in 50 years?". Well, in today's culture, how many people are still "notable" from the 1950s that still were of some importance in the time, anyway? It would be a little bit like suggesting that a library (or especially the Library of Congress) only archive "best sellers".
And of course, there should be no problem with an article on Wikipedia discussing web comics which then lists dozens or even hundreds of web comic serials. But for every single pokey-the-fucking-penguin to have its own article? I don't really see the point.
So there needs to be a careful balance between only documenting and archiving things that "matter a great deal" and letting a lot of history and information slough off to the side forever, because at the time, not enough people deemed the subject or topic "popular" enough.
Re:So what makes your comic so special? (Score:4, Insightful)
The question is not "what defines notability"? The question ought to be "Who gives a damn about notability"? If you'd asked the editors of Britannica whether Star Trek was notable enough to get in their publication, or maybe Buffy the Vampire Slayer, they would have laughed you out of their office. These things are okay in Wikipedia. Why? Because thousands of useless, seemingly 'trivial' articles on wikipedia does not harm anything else in any way whatsoever. One man's trivia is another man's pure gold. My God, man, look at the Star Wars entries. That universe is documented down to the completely forgettable subplots of the most crufty books on the market. But it's still there.
Point is, a 'never-delete' policy (with exceptions for obvious goatse trolls and the like) beats the pants off of a "is it notable?" policy. The default right now is dis-inclusion, rather than inclusion. And it's a lousy idea.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Really, they've been doing this on microfiche and microfilm for years. Digital should only make it easier.
"If it becomes notable then just re-add the article-- "
From where? By which point said article can no longer be found - history lost.
And we're not talking about "news articles" but rather entries written by people into an information collective.
"If it becomes notable then just re-add t
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
The URL to wikinews says that this editor 'Dragonfriend' lists as notable webcomics Penny Arcade and three others I have never even heard of. My gf who uses the Internet much has never even heard of Penny Arcade. So, who's idea of notable? Some comics are very particular to a specific domain and unheard of outside that domain.
If you want a notable comic, use something from, at least these get syndicated in newspapers in multiple countries and diff
Parent is right (Score:3, Insightful)
It is the absolute numbers tha
Re:So what makes your comic so special? (Score:5, Insightful)
I use Wikipedia to answer this simple question: who/what the fuck is x? If people start deleting articles just because they think x isn't important enough, how am I supposed to find out what x is, even if nobody really cares about x?
As long as people don't write their own articles and there's no original research, I don't care whether the article is deserved or not. It's not like those articles take up a lot of room, or that it makes it harder to browse wikipedia...
Re:So what makes your comic so special? (Score:5, Insightful)
You summed up my feelings on the subject pretty well. If I head to Wikipedia to find information on something, perhaps from an article I know existed a few weeks ago and it's not there then clearly whatever I was looking for should've been there. But certain Wikipedia editors seem to think that only the biggest most important things are worthy of attention, if anything it should be the other way around.
My point is that unlike a regular encyclopedia Wikipedia has the ability to not just contain articles about "important" things (as deemed by the editors) but also about things which a normal encyclopedia would not bother including because it wouldn't fit. So to delete articles just because some random editor decided that the subject of the article wasn't notable enough is just silly and personally I think part of it is that certain people who edit Wikipedia are on a bit of a power trip and enjoy enforcing their own interpretation of the rules.
OTOH, I'm one of those guys who used to sit around and read dictionaries for fun when I was a kid, so I loe having lots and lots of articles to read, especially with hyperlinks, I never know what I'm going to learn when browsing Wikipedia.
/Mikael
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
If that one mp3 was on the top free mp3 charts, maybe it should be.
Why shouldnt all books that been in wikipedia, this is human knowledge we are talking about.
And I dont see why comics that have millions of readers online
Re:So what makes your comic so special? (Score:5, Insightful)
As Wikipedia tries to broaden its audience, the notability of much of its content, which is again almost by definition a reflection of interest, drops. Using that as a metric pretty much ensures a very bland collection of content which appeals only to the average schmoe, except that there's nobody to blame if the information is flat out wrong.
Why on earth at that point, after all the information that nobody else carries has been dropped from Wikipedia, would I want to use Wikipedia, when I can use Britannica, where I can have it all locally and not worry that someone's been screwing around with the article?
That's frankly the most stupid thing about this whole process - instead of demoting content from Wikipedia Prime to Wikipedia Everything, they're just throwing content out - articles in some cases where a lot of people devoted a lot of time to contribute and edit and crosslink with other articles. At some point, you're going to unravel a whole bunch of articles after whitewashing the more basic bits that they're built atop of.
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Oh the irony!!! A wikipedia admin complaining about the ego of others. Why does anyone contribute to wikipedia? Yes, that's right -- ego. The joy and bragging rights of seeing their precious and oh so important words on the Internet.
Wikiadmins are the epitome of ego. They are so egomaniacal they think they know better than the vain people who post on wikipedia. The love deleting. They love the power -- something they'd neve
Why does notability even matter? (Score:5, Insightful)
Frankly, who cares? I don't. What if I want to know some details on [whatever web comic] someone just mentioned to me? Maybe I want to know a handful of relevant links? Google is going to give me a bunch of irrelevant crap I don't want.
On Wikipedia I can enter a word, name, phrase, and I'll get some information and some relevant links. I don't care for a damn second how "notable" the item in question is. I just want to know some information on what I typed in. Why is it such a huge deal if it's not that notable? Is there some huge scarcity of storage space for this data? I can see no reasonable excuse for having such strict and overzealous "notability" requirements.
I pretty often look up local bands to see some info about them. Of course none of them are even there. It would be nice if I didn't have to sort through a bunch of shitty, image/video-loaded Myspace pages in order to check out the local music scene. I'd love to read a few little blurbs about local bands on Wikipedia. Why is that such a problem? Actually, the real question is, is that even a problem at all?
IN FACT, I'll argue right now that the LESS notable something is, all the more reason to keep the article and get people to contribute whatever info they might have! Why even BOTHER running an online encyclopedia-style site if you're going to shut down articles that happen to pertain to not-widely-known subjects? I can understand extremely trivial stuff like "The QX935 is a $0.39 alarm clock from Bill's Dollar Store in Urbana, Ohio", but even then, maybe someone found an old "QX935" sitting around and are wondering about its origin?
I guess it's all a question of what the intention of Wikipedia is. They do have the text "edit an article and help make Wikipedia the best information source on the Internet", which implies to me that the more information available, the better. The whole "notability" rule seems to contradict this core concept, though.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
If you want to make comments, make them over at Wikinews [wikinews.org]..
He was trying to raise awareness for the linked article, and fuel a debate there; he didn't want to split it by having it take pl | http://tech.slashdot.org/story/07/10/31/0328239/call-for-halt-to-wikipedia-webcomic-deletions | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | refinedweb | 8,626 | 62.48 |
- 1 - A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler S. I. Feldman P. J. Weinberger Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 J. Berkman University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 ABSTRACT The Fortran language has been revised. The new language, known as Fortran 77, became an official American National Stan- dard on April 3, 1978. We report here on a compiler and run-time system for the new extended language. It is believed to be the first complete Fortran 77 system to be implemented. This compiler is designed to be port- able, to be correct and complete, and to generate code compatible with calling sequences produced by C com- pilers. In particular, this Fortran is quite usable on UNIX- systems. In this paper, we describe the language compiled, interfaces between procedures, and file for- mats assumed by the I/O system. Appendix A describes the Fortran 77 language extensions. This is a standard Bell Laboratories document reproduced with minor modifications to the text. The Bell Laboratory's appendix on ``Differences Between Fortran 66 and Fortran 77'' has been changed to Appen- dix A, and a local appendix has been added. Appendix B contains a list of Fortran 77 references (some from the original Bell document and some added at Berkeley). Revised September, 1985 _________________________ - UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T Bell Labora- tories in the USA and other countries. - 2 - 1. INTRODUCTION The Fortran language has been revised. The new language, known as Fortran 77, became an official American National Standard [1] on April 3, 1978. Fortran 77 supplants 1966 Standard Fortran [2]. We report here on a compiler and run-time system for the new extended language. The compiler and computation library were written by S.I.F., the I/O system by P.J.W. We believe ours to be the first complete Fortran 77 system to be implemented. This com- piler is designed to be portable to a number of different machines, to be correct and complete, and to generate code compa- tible with calling sequences produced by compilers for the C language [3]. In particular, it is in use on UNIX systems. Two families of C compilers are in use at Bell Laboratories, those based on D. M. Ritchie's PDP-11 compiler [4] and those based on S. C. Johnson's portable C compiler [5]. This Fortran compiler can drive the second passes of either family. In this paper, we describe the language compiled, interfaces between procedures, and file formats assumed by the I/O system. We will describe implementation details in companion papers. 1.1. Usage At present, versions of the compiler run on and compile for the PDP-11, the VAX-11/780, and the Interdata 8/32 UNIX sys- tems. The command to run the compiler is f77 flags file . . . f77 is a general-purpose command for compiling and loading Fortran and Fortran-related files. EFL [6] and Ratfor [7] source files will be preprocessed before being presented to the Fortran compiler. C and assembler source files will be compiled by the appropriate programs. Object files will be loaded. (The f77 and cc commands cause slightly different loading sequences to be generated, since Fortran programs need a few extra libraries and a different startup routine than do C programs.) The following file name suffixes are understood: .f Fortran source file .F Fortran source file .e EFL source file .r Ratfor source file .c C source file .s Assembler source file .o Object file Arguments whose names end with .f are taken to be Fortran 77 source programs; they are compiled, and each object program is left on the file in the current directory whose name is that of the source with .o substituted for .f. PS1:2-4 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler Arguments whose names end with .F are also taken to be For- tran 77 source programs; these are first processed by the C preprocessor before being compiled by f77. Arguments whose names end with .r or .e are taken to be Rat- for or EFL source programs, respectively; these are first transformed by the appropriate preprocessor, then compiled by f77. In the same way, arguments whose names end with .c or .s are taken to be C or assembly source programs and are compiled or assembled, producing a .o file. The following flags are understood: -c Compile but do not load. Output for x.f, x.F, x.e, x.r, x.c, or x.s is put on file x.o. -d Used in debugging the compiler. -g Have the compiler produce additional symbol table information for dbx(1). This flag is incompatible with -O. See section 1.4 for more details. -i2 On machines which support short integers, make the default integer constants and variables short (see section 2.14). (-i4 is the standard value of this option). All logical quantities will be short. -m Apply the M4 macro preprocessor to each EFL or Rat- for source file before using the appropriate com- piler. -o file Put executable module on file file. (Default is a.out). -onetrip or -1 Compile code that performs every do loop at least once (see section 2.12). -p Generate code to produce usage profiles. -pg Generate code in the manner of -p, but invoke a run-time recording mechanism that keeps more exten- sive statistics. See gprof(1). -q Suppress printing of file names and program unit names during compilation. -r8 Treat all floating point variables, constants, func- tions and intrinsics as double precision and all complex quantities as double complex. See section 2.17. -u Make the default type of a variable undefined (see section 2.3). -v Print the version number of the compiler and the name of each pass. -w Suppress all warning messages. -w66 Suppress warnings about Fortran 66 features used. -C Compile code that checks that subscripts are within array bounds. For multi-dimensional arrays, only the equivalent linear subscript is checked. -Dname=def -Dname Define the name to the C preprocessor, as if by `#define'. If no definition is given, the name is A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-5 defined as "1". (.F files only). -Estr Use the string str as an EFL option in processing .e files. -F Ratfor, EFL, and .F source files are pre-processed into .f files, and those .f files are left on the disk without being compiled. -Idir `#include' files whose names do not begin with `/' are always sought first in the directory of the file argument, then in directories named in -I options, then in directories on a standard list. (.F files only). -N[qxscn]nnn Make static tables in the compiler bigger. The com- piler will complain if it overflows its tables and suggest you apply one or more of these flags. These flags have the following meanings: q Maximum number of equivalenced variables. Default is 150. x Maximum number of external names (common block names, subroutine and function names). Default is 200. s Maximum number of statement numbers. Default is 401. c Maximum depth of nesting for control statements (e.g. DO loops). Default is 20. n Maximum number of identifiers. Default is 1009. -O Invoke the object code optimizer. Incompatible with -g. -Rstr Use the string str as a Ratfor option in processing .r files. -U Do not convert upper case letters to lower case. The default is to convert Fortran programs to lower case except within character string constants. -S Generate assembler output for each source file, but do not assemble it. Assembler output for a source file x.f, x.F, x.e, x.r, or x.c is put on file x.s. Other flags, all library names (arguments beginning -l), and any names not ending with one of the understood suffixes are passed to the loader. 1.2. Documentation Conventions In running text, we write Fortran keywords and other literal strings in boldface lower case. Examples will be presented in lightface lower case. Names representing a class of values will be printed in italics. PS1:2-6 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler 1.3. Implementation Strategy The compiler and library are written entirely in C. The com- piler generates C compiler intermediate code. Since there are C compilers running on a variety of machines, relatively small changes will make this Fortran compiler generate code for any of them. Furthermore, this approach guarantees that the resulting programs are compatible with C usage. The run- time computational library is complete. The runtime I/O library makes use of D. M. Ritchie's Standard C I/O package [8] for transferring data. With the few exceptions described below, only documented calls are used, so it should be rela- tively easy to modify to run on other operating systems. 1.4. Debugging Aids A memory image is sometimes written to a file core in the current directory upon abnormal termination for errors caught by the f77 libraries, user calls to abort, and cer- tain signals (see sigvec(2) in the UNIX Programmer's Manual). Core is normally created only if the -g flag was specified to f77 during loading.- The source-level debugger dbx(1) may be used with the executable and the core file to examine the image and determine what went wrong. In the event that it is necessary to override this default behavior, the user may set the environment variable f77_dump_flag. If f77_dump_flag is set to a value beginning with n, a core file is not produced regardless of whether -g was specified at compile time, and if the value begins with y, dumps are produced even if -g was not specified. 2. LANGUAGE EXTENSIONS Fortran 77 includes almost all of Fortran 66 as a subset. We describe the differences briefly in Appendix A. The most impor- tant additions are a character string data type, file-oriented input/output statements, and random access I/O. Also, the language has been cleaned up considerably. In addition to implementing the language specified in the new Standard, our compiler implements a few extensions described in this section. Most are useful additions to the language. The remainder are extensions to make it easier to communicate with C procedures or to permit compilation of old (1966 Standard) pro- grams. 2.1. Double Complex Data Type The new type double complex is defined. Each datum is _________________________ -Specify -g when loading with cc or f77; specify -lg as a library when using ld directly. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-7 represented by a pair of double precision real values. The statements z1 = ( 0.1d0, 0.2d0 ) z2 = dcmplx( dx, dy ) assign double complex values to z1 and z2. The double preci- sion values which constitute the double complex value may be isolated by using dreal or dble for the real part and imag or dimag for the imaginary part. To compute the double com- plex conjugate of a double complex value, use conjg or dconjg. The other double complex intrinsic functions may be accessed using their generic names or specific names. The generic names are: abs, sqrt, exp, log, sin, and cos. The specific names are the same as the generic names preceded by either cd or z, e.g. you may code sqrt, zsqrt or cdsqrt to compute the square root of a double complex value. 2.2. Internal Files The Fortran 77 standard introduces ``internal files'' (memory arrays), but restricts their use to formatted sequential I/O statements. Our I/O system also permits internal files to be used in formatted direct reads and writes and list directed sequential read and writes. 2.3. Implicit Undefined Statement Fortran 66 has a fixed rule that the type of a variable that does not appear in a type statement is integer if its first letter is i, j, k, l, m or n, and real otherwise. Fortran 77 has an implicit statement for overriding this rule. As an aid to good programming practice, we permit an additional type, undefined. The statement implicit undefined(a-z) turns off the automatic data typing mechanism, and the com- piler will issue a diagnostic for each variable that is used but does not appear in a type statement. Specifying the -u compiler flag is equivalent to beginning each procedure with this statement. 2.4. Recursion Procedures may call themselves, directly or through a chain of other procedures. Since Fortran variables are by default static, it is often necessary to use the automatic storage extension to prevent unexpected results from recursive func- tions. 2.5. Automatic Storage Two new keywords are recognized, static and automatic. These PS1:2-8 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler keywords may appear as ``types'' in type statements and in implicit statements. Local variables are static by default; there is only one instance of the variable. For variables declared automatic, there is a separate instance of the variable for each invocation of the procedure. Automatic variables may not appear in equivalence, data, or save statements. Neither type of variable is guaranteed to retain its value between calls to a subprogram (see the save state- ment in Appendix A). 2.6. Source Input Format The Standard expects input to the compiler to be in 72- column format: except in comment lines, the first five char- acters are the statement number, the next is the continua- tion character, and the next 66 are the body of the line. (If there are fewer than 72 characters on a line, the com- piler pads it with blanks; characters after the seventy- second are ignored.) In order to make it easier to type Fortran programs, our compiler also accepts input in variable length lines. An ampersand ``&'' in the first position of a line indicates a continuation line; the remaining characters form the body of the line. A tab character in one of the first six positions of a line signals the end of the statement number and con- tinuation part of the line; the remaining characters form the body of the line. A tab elsewhere on the line is treated as another kind of blank by the compiler. In the Standard, there are only 26 letters - Fortran is a one-case language. Consistent with ordinary UNIX system usage, our compiler expects lower case input. By default, the compiler converts all upper case characters to lower case except those inside character constants. However, if the -U compiler flag is specified, upper case letters are not transformed. In this mode, it is possible to specify external names with upper case letters in them, and to have distinct variables differing only in case. If -U is speci- fied, keywords will only be recognized in lower case. 2.7. Include Statement The statement include 'stuff' is replaced by the contents of the file stuff; include statements may be nested to a reasonable depth, currently ten. 2.8. Binary Initialization Constants A variable may be initialized in a data statement by a A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-9 binary constant, denoted by a letter followed by a quoted string. If the letter is b, the string is binary, and only zeroes and ones are permitted. If the letter is o, the string is octal, with digits 0-7. If the letter is z or x, the string is hexadecimal, with digits 0-9, a-f. Thus, the statements integer a(3) data a / b'1010', o'12', z'a' / initialize all three elements of a to ten. 2.9. Character Strings For compatibility with C usage, the following backslash escapes are recognized: \n newline \t tab \b backspace \f form feed \0 null \' apostrophe (does not terminate a string) \" quotation mark (does not terminate a string) \\ \ \x x, where x is any other character Fortran 77 only has one quoting character, the apostrophe. Our compiler and I/O system recognize both the apostrophe `` ' '' and the double-quote `` " ''. If a string begins with one variety of quote mark, the other may be embedded within it without using the repeated quote or backslash escapes. Each character string constant appearing outside a data statement is followed by a null character to ease communica- tion with C routines. 2.10. Hollerith Fortran 77 does not have the old Hollerith ``nh'' notation, though the new Standard recommends implementing the old Hol- lerith feature in order to improve compatibility with old programs. In our compiler, Hollerith data may be used in place of character string constants, and may also be used to initialize non-character variables in data statements. 2.11. Equivalence Statements As a very special and peculiar case, Fortran 66 permits an element of a multiply-dimensioned array to be represented by a singly-subscripted reference in equivalence statements. Fortran 77 does not permit this usage, since subscript lower bounds may now be different from 1. Our compiler permits single subscripts in equivalence statements, under the PS1:2-10 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler interpretation that all missing subscripts are equal to 1. A warning message is printed for each such incomplete sub- script. 2.12. One-Trip DO Loops The Fortran 77 Standard requires that the range of a do loop not be performed if the initial value is already past the limit value, as in do 10 i = 2, 1 The 1966 Standard stated that the effect of such a statement was undefined, but it was common practice that the range of a do loop would be performed at least once. In order to accommodate old programs, though they were in violation of the 1966 Standard, the -onetrip or -1 compiler flags causes non-standard loops to be generated. 2.13. Commas in Formatted Input The I/O system attempts to be more lenient than the Standard when it seems worthwhile. When doing a formatted read of non-character variables, commas may be used as value separa- tors in the input record, overriding the field lengths given in the format statement. Thus, the format (i10, f20.10, i4) will read the record -345,.05e-3,12 correctly. 2.14. Short Integers On machines that support halfword integers, the compiler accepts declarations of type integer*2. (Ordinary integers follow the Fortran rules about occupying the same space as a real variable; they are assumed to be of C type long int; halfword integers are of C type short int.) An expression involving only objects of type integer*2 is of that type. Generic functions return short or long integers depending on the actual types of their arguments. If a procedure is com- piled using the -i2 flag, all small integer constants will be of type integer*2. If the precision of an integer-valued intrinsic function is not determined by the generic function rules, one will be chosen that returns the prevailing length (integer*2 when the -i2 command flag is in effect). When the -i2 option is in effect, all quantities of type logical will be short. Note that these short integer and logical quanti- ties do not obey the standard rules for storage association. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-11 2.15. Additional Intrinsic Functions This compiler supports all of the intrinsic functions speci- fied in the Fortran 77 Standard. In addition, there are built-in functions for performing bitwise logical and boolean operations on integer and logical values (or, and, xor, not, lshift, and rshift), and intrinsic functions for double complex values (see section 2.1). The f77 library contains many other functions, such as accessing the UNIX command arguments (getarg and iargc) and environment (getenv). See intro(3f) and bit(3f) in the UNIX Programmer's Manual for more information. 2.16. Namelist I/O Namelist I/O provides an easy way to input and output infor- mation without formats. Although not part of the standard, namelist I/O was part of many Fortran 66 systems and is a common extension to Fortran 77 systems. Variables and arrays to be used in namelist I/O are declared as part of a namelist in a namelist statement, e.g.: character str*12 logical flags(20) complex c(2) real arr1(2,3), arr2(0:3,4) namelist /basic/ arr1, arr2, key, str, c /flglst/ key, flags This defines two namelists: list basic consists of variables key and str and arrays arr1, arr2, and c; list flglst con- sists of variable key and array flags. A namelist can include variables and arrays of any type, and a variable or array may be in several different namelists. However dummy arguments and array elements may not be in a namelist. A namelist name may be used in external sequential read, write and print statements wherever a format could be used. In a namelist read, column one of each data record is ignored. The data begins with an ampersand in column 2 fol- lowed by the namelist name and a blank. Then there is a sequence of value assignments separated by commas and finally an ``&end''. A simple example of input data corresponding to namelist basic is: &basic key=5, str='hi there' &end For compatibility with other systems, dollar signs may be used instead of the ampersands: $basic key=5, str='hi there' $end A value assignment in the data record must be one of three PS1:2-12 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler forms. The simplest is a variable name followed by an equal sign followed by a data value which is assigned to that variable, e.g. ``key=5''. The second form consists of an array name followed by ``='' followed by one or more values to be assigned to the array, e.g.: c=(1.1,-2.9),(-1.8e+10,14.0e-3) assigns values to c(1) and c(2) in the complex array c. As in other read statements, values are assigned in the order of the array in memory, i.e. column-major order for two dimensional arrays. Multiple copies of a value may be represented by a repetition count followed by an asterisk followed by the value; e.g. ``3*55.4'' is the same as ``55.4, 55.4, 55.4''. It is an error to specify more values than the array can hold; if less are specified, only that number of elements of the array are changed. The third form of a value assignment is a subscripted variable name fol- lowed by ``='' followed by a value or values, e.g.: ``arr2(0,4)=15.2''. Only integer constant subscripts may be used. The correct number of subscripts must be used and the subscripts must be legal. This form is the same as the form with an array name except the array is filled starting at the named element. In all three forms, the variable or array name must be declared in the namelist. The form of the data values is the same as in list directed input except that in namelist I/O, character strings in the data must be enclosed in apos- trophes or double quotes, and repetition counts must be fol- lowed by data values. One use of namelist input is to read in a list of options or flags. For example: logical flags(14) namelist /pars/ flags, iters, xlow, xhigh, xinc data flags/14*.false./ 10 read(5,pars,end=900) print pars call calc( xlow, xhigh, xinc, flags, iters ) go to 10 900 continue end could be run with the following data (each record begins with a space): &pars iters=10, xlow=0.0, xhigh=1.0, xinc=0.1 &end &pars xinc=0.2, flags(2)=2*.true., flags(8)=.true. &end &pars xlow=2.0, xhigh=8.0 &end A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-13 The program reads parameters for the run from the first data set and computes using them. Then it loops and each succes- sive set of namelist input data specifies only those data items which need to be changed. Note the second data set sets the 2nd, 3rd, and 8th elements in the array flags to .true.. When a namelist name is used in a write or print statement, all the values in the namelist are output together with their names. For example the print in the program above prints the following: &pars flags= f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, f, iters= 10, xlow= 0., xhigh= 1.00000, xinc= 0.100000 &end &pars flags= f, t, t, f, f, f, f, t, f, f, f, f, f, f, iters= 10, xlow= 0., xhigh= 1.00000, xinc= 0.200000 &end &pars flags= f, t, t, f, f, f, f, t, f, f, f, f, f, f, iters= 10, xlow= 2.00000, xhigh= 8.00000, xinc= 0.200000 &end Each line begins with a space so that namelist output can be used as input to a namelist read. The default is to use ampersands in namelist print and write. However, dollar signs will be used if the last preceding namelist read data set used dollar signs. The character to be used is stored as the first character of the common block namelistkey. 2.17. Automatic Precision Increase The -r8 flag allows a user to run a program with increased precision without changing any of the program source, i.e. it allows a user to take a program coded in single precision and compile and execute it as if it had been coded in double precision. The option extends the precision of all single precision real and complex constants, variables, external functions, and intrinsic functions. For example, the source: implicit complex(c) real last intrinsic sin, csin data last/0.3/ x = 0.1 y = sqrt(x)+sqrt(last) c1 = (0.1,0.2) c2 = sqrt(c1) x = real(i) y = aimag(c1) call fun(sin,csin) is compiled under this flag as if it had been written as: PS1:2-14 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler implicit double precision (a-b,d-h,o-z), double complex(c) double precision last intrinsic dsin, cdsin data last/0.3d0/ x = 0.1d0 y = sqrt(x)+sqrt(last) c1 = (0.1d0,0.2d0) c2 = sqrt(c1) x = dreal(i) y = dimag(c1) call fun(dsin,cdsin) When the -r8 flag is invoked, the calls using the generic name sqrt will refer to a different specific function since the types of the arguments have changed. This option extends the precision of all single precision real and complex vari- ables and functions, including those declared real*4 and complex*8. In order to successfully use this flag to increase preci- sion, the entire program including all the subroutines and functions it calls must be recompiled. Programs which use dynamic memory allocation or use equivalence or common statements to associate variables of different types may have to be changed by hand. Similar caveats apply to the sizes of records in unformatted I/O. 2.18. Characters and Integers A character constant of integer length or less may be assigned to an integer variable. Individual bytes are packed into the integer in the native byte order. The character constant is padded with blanks to the width of the integer during the assignment. Use of this feature is deprecated; it is intended only as a porting aid for extended Fortran 66 programs. Note that the intrinsic ichar function behaves as the standard requires, converting only single bytes to integers. 3. VIOLATIONS OF THE STANDARD We know only a few ways in which our Fortran system violates the new standard: 3.1. Double Precision Alignment The Fortran Standards (both 1966 and 1977) permit common or equivalence statements to force a double precision quantity onto an odd word boundary, as in the following example: A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-15 real a(4) double precision b,c equivalence (a(1),b), (a(4),c) Some machines (e.g., Honeywell 6000, IBM 360) require that double precision quantities be on double word boundaries; other machines (e.g., IBM 370), run inefficiently if this alignment rule is not observed. It is possible to tell which equivalenced and common variables suffer from a forced odd alignment, but every double precision argument would have to be assumed on a bad boundary. To load such a quantity on some machines, it would be necessary to use separate opera- tions to move the upper and lower halves into the halves of an aligned temporary, then to load that double precision temporary; the reverse would be needed to store a result. We have chosen to require that all double precision real and complex quantities fall on even word boundaries on machines with corresponding hardware requirements, and to issue a diagnostic if the source code demands a violation of the rule. 3.2. Dummy Procedure Arguments If any argument of a procedure is of type character, all dummy procedure arguments of that procedure must be declared in an external statement. This requirement arises as a sub- tle corollary of the way we represent character string argu- ments and of the one-pass nature of the compiler. A warning is printed if a dummy procedure is not declared external. Code is correct if there are no character arguments. 3.3. T and TL Formats The implementation of the t (absolute tab) and tl (leftward tab) format codes is defective. These codes allow rereading or rewriting part of the record which has already been pro- cessed (section 6.3.2 in Appendix A). The implementation uses seeks, so if the unit is not one which allows seeks, such as a terminal, the program is in error. A benefit of the implementation chosen is that there is no upper limit on the length of a record, nor is it necessary to predeclare any record lengths except where specifically required by Fortran or the operating system. 3.4. Carriage Control The Standard leaves as implementation dependent which logi- cal unit(s) are treated as ``printer'' files. In this imple- mentation there is no printer file and thus by default, no carriage control is recognized on formatted output. This can be changed using form='print' in the open statement for a unit, or by using the fpr(1) filter for output; see [9]. PS1:2-16 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler 3.5. Assigned Goto The optional list associated with an assigned goto statement is not checked against the actual assigned value during exe- cution. 4. INTER-PROCEDURE INTERFACE To be able to write C procedures that call or are called by For- tran procedures, it is necessary to know the conventions for pro- cedure names, data representation, return values, and argument lists that the compiled code obeys. 4.1. Procedure Names On UNIX systems, the name of a common block or a Fortran procedure has an underscore appended to it by the compiler to distinguish it from a C procedure or external variable with the same user-assigned name. Fortran built-in procedure names have embedded underscores to avoid clashes with user- assigned subroutine names. 4.2. Data Representations The following is a table of corresponding Fortran and C declarations: Fortran C integer*2 x short int x; integer x long int x; logical x long int x; real x float x; double precision x double x; complex x struct { float r, i; } x; double complex x struct { double dr, di; } x; character*6 x char x[6]; (By the rules of Fortran, integer, logical, and real data occupy the same amount of memory.) 4.3. Arrays The first element of a C array always has subscript zero, while Fortran arrays begin at 1 by default. Fortran arrays are stored in column-major order in contiguous storage, C arrays are stored in row-major order. Many mathematical libraries have subroutines which transpose a two dimensional matrix, e.g. f01crf in the NAG library and vtran in the IMSL library. These may be used to transpose a two-dimensional array stored in C in row-major order to Fortran column-major order or vice-versa. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-17 4.4. Return Values A function of type integer, logical, real, or double preci- sion declared as a C function returns the corresponding type. A complex or double complex function is equivalent to a C routine with an additional initial argument that points to the place where the return value is to be stored. Thus, complex function f( . . . ) is equivalent to f_(temp, . . .) struct { float r, i; } *temp; . . . A character-valued function is equivalent to a C routine with two extra initial arguments: a data address and a length. Thus, character*15 function g( . . . ) is equivalent to g_(result, length, . . .) char result[ ]; long int length; . . . and could be invoked in C by char chars[15]; . . . g_(chars, 15L, . . . ); Subroutines are invoked as if they were integer-valued func- tions whose value specifies which alternate return to use. Alternate return arguments (statement labels) are not passed to the function, but are used to do an indexed branch in the calling procedure. (If the subroutine has no entry points with alternate return arguments, the returned value is unde- fined.) The statement call nret(*1, *2, *3) is treated exactly as if it were the computed goto goto (1, 2, 3), nret( ) 4.5. Argument Lists All Fortran arguments are passed by address. In addition, for every argument that is of type character or that is a PS1:2-18 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler dummy procedure, an argument giving the length of the value is passed. (The string lengths are long int quantities passed by value.) The order of arguments is then: Extra arguments for complex and character functions Address for each datum or function A long int for each character or procedure argument Thus, the call in external f character*7 s integer b(3) . . . call sam(f, b(2), s) is equivalent to that in int f(); char s[7]; long int b[3]; . . . sam_(f, &b[1], s, 0L, 7L); 4.6. System Interface To run a Fortran program, the system invokes a small C pro- gram which first initializes signal handling, then calls f_init to initialize the Fortran I/O library, then calls your Fortran main program, and then calls f_exit to close any Fortran files opened. f_init initializes Fortran units 0, 5, and 6 to standard error, standard input, and standard output respectively. It also calls setlinebuf to initiate line buffering of standard error. If you are using Fortran subroutines which may do I/O and you have a C main program, call f_init before calling the Fortran subroutines. Otherwise, Fortran units 0, 5, and 6 will be connected to files fort.0, fort.5, and fort.6, and error messages from the f77 libraries will be written to fort.0 instead of to standard error. If your C program ter- minates by calling the C function exit, all files are automatically closed. If there are Fortran scratch files to be deleted, first call f_exit. F_init and f_exit do not have any arguments. The -d flag will show what libraries are used in loading Fortran programs. 5. FILE FORMATS A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-19 5.1. Structure of Fortran Files Fortran requires four kinds of external files: sequential formatted and unformatted, and direct formatted and unfor- matted. On UNIX systems, these are all implemented as ordi- nary files which are assumed to have the proper internal structure. Fortran I/O is based on records. When a direct file is opened in a Fortran program, the record length of the records must be given, and this is used by the Fortran I/O system to make the file look as if it is made up of records of the given length. In the special case that the record length is given as 1, the files are not considered to be divided into records, but are treated as byte-addressable byte strings; that is, as ordinary UNIX file system files. (A read or write request on such a file keeps consuming bytes until satisfied, rather than being restricted to a single record.) The peculiar requirements on sequential unformatted files make it unlikely that they will ever be read or written by any means except Fortran I/O statements. Each record is pre- ceded and followed by an integer containing the record's length in bytes. The Fortran I/O system breaks sequential formatted files into records while reading by using each newline as a record separator. The result of reading off the end of a record is undefined according to the Standard. The I/O system is per- missive and treats the record as being extended by blanks. On output, the I/O system will write a newline at the end of each record. It is also possible for programs to write new- lines for themselves. This is an error, but the only effect will be that the single record the user thought he wrote will be treated as more than one record when being read or backspaced over. 5.2. Portability Considerations The Fortran I/O system uses only the facilities of the stan- dard C I/O library, a widely available and fairly portable package, with the following two nonstandard features: the I/O system needs to know whether a file can be used for direct I/O, and whether or not it is possible to backspace. Both of these facilities are implemented using the fseek routine, so there is a routine canseek which determines if fseek will have the desired effect. Also, the inquire state- ment provides the user with the ability to find out if two files are the same, and to get the name of an already opened file in a form which would enable the program to reopen it. Therefore there are two routines which depend on facilities of the operating system to provide these two services. In any case, the I/O system runs on the PDP-11, VAX-11/780, and PS1:2-20 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler Interdata 8/32 UNIX systems. 5.3. Logical Units and Files Fortran logical unit numbers may be any integer between 0 and 99. The number of simultaneously open files is currently limited to 48. Units 5, 6, and 0 are connected before the program begins to standard input, standard output, and standard error respec- tively. If an unit is opened explicitly by an open statement with a file= keyword, then the file name is the name from the open statement. Otherwise, the default file name corresponding to unit n is fort.n. If there is an environment variable whose name is the same as the tail of the file name after periods are deleted, then the contents of that environment variable are used as the name of the file. See [9] for details. The default connection for all units is for sequential for- matted I/O. The Standard does not specify where a file which has been explicitly opened for sequential I/O is initially positioned. The I/O system will position the file at the beginning. Therefore a write will destroy any data already in the file, but a read will work reasonably. To position a file to its end, use a read loop, or the system dependent function fseek. The preconnected units 0, 5, and 6 are posi- tioned as they come from the program's parent process. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-21 APPENDIX A: Differences Between Fortran 66 and Fortran 77 The following is a very brief description of the differences between the 1966 [2] and the 1977 [1] Standard languages. We assume that the reader is familiar with Fortran 66. We do not pretend to be complete, precise, or unbiased, but plan to describe what we feel are the most important aspects of the new language. The best current information on the 1977 Standard is in publications of the X3J3 Subcommittee of the American National Standards Institute, and the ANSI X3.9-1978 document, the offi- cial description of the language. The Standard is written in English rather than a meta-language, but it is forbidding and legalistic. A number of tutorials and textbooks are available (see Appendix B). 1. Features Deleted from Fortran 66 1.1. Hollerith All notions of ``Hollerith'' (nh) as data have been offi- cially removed, although our compiler, like almost all in the foreseeable future, will continue to support this archa- ism. 1.2. Extended Range of DO In Fortran 66, under a set of very restrictive and rarely- understood conditions, it is permissible to jump out of the range of a do loop, then jump back into it. Extended range has been removed in the Fortran 77 language. The restric- tions are so special, and the implementation of extended range is so unreliable in many compilers, that this change really counts as no loss. 2. Program Form 2.1. Blank Lines Completely blank lines are now legal comment lines. 2.2. Program and Block Data Statements A main program may now begin with a statement that gives that program an external name: program work Block data procedures may also have names. block data stuff There is now a rule that only one unnamed block data pro- cedure may appear in a program. (This rule is not enforced PS1:2-22 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler by our system.) The Standard does not specify the effect of the program and block data names, but they are clearly intended to aid conventional loaders. 2.3. ENTRY Statement Multiple entry points are now legal. Subroutine and function subprograms may have additional entry points, declared by an entry statement with an optional argument list. entry extra(a, b, c) Execution begins at the first statement following the entry line. All variable declarations must precede all executable statements in the procedure. If the procedure begins with a subroutine statement, all entry points are subroutine names. If it begins with a function statement, each entry is a function entry point, with type determined by the type declared for the entry name. If any entry is a character- valued function, then all entries must be. In a function, an entry name of the same type as that where control entered must be assigned a value. Arguments do not retain their values between calls. (The ancient trick of calling one entry point with a large number of arguments to cause the procedure to ``remember'' the locations of those arguments, then invoking an entry with just a few arguments for later calculation, is still illegal. Furthermore, the trick doesn't work in our implementation, since arguments are not kept in static storage.) 2.4. DO Loops do variables and range parameters may now be of integer, real, or double precision types. (The use of floating point do variables is very dangerous because of the possibility of unexpected roundoff, and we strongly recommend against their use.) The action of the do statement is now defined for all values of the do parameters. The statement do 10 i = l, u, d performs max(0,|(u-l+d)/d|) iterations. The do variable has a predictable value when exiting a loop: the value at the time a goto or return terminates the loop; otherwise the value that failed the limit test. 2.5. Alternate Returns In a subroutine or subroutine entry statement, some of the arguments may be noted by an asterisk, as in subroutine s(a, *, b, *) The meaning of the ``alternate returns'' is described in A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-23 section 5.2 of Appendix A. 3. Declarations 3.1. CHARACTER Data Type One of the biggest improvements to the language is the addi- tion of a character-string data type. Local and common char- acter variables must have a length denoted by a constant expression: character*17 a, b(3,4) character*(6+3) c If the length is omitted entirely, it is assumed equal to 1. A character string argument may have a constant length, or the length may be declared to be the same as that of the corresponding actual argument at run time by a statement like character*(*) a (There is an intrinsic function len that returns the actual length of a character string.) Character arrays and common blocks containing character variables must be packed: in an array of character variables, the first character of one element must follow the last character of the preceding ele- ment, without holes. 3.2. IMPLICIT Statement The traditional implied declaration rules still hold: a variable whose name begins with i, j, k, l, m, or n is of type integer; other variables are of type real, unless oth- erwise declared. This general rule may be overridden with an implicit statement: implicit real(a-c,g), complex(w-z), character*(17) (s) declares that variables whose name begins with an a ,b, c, or g are real, those beginning with w, x, y, or z are assumed complex, and so on. It is still poor practice to depend on implicit typing, but this statement is an industry standard. 3.3. PARAMETER Statement It is now possible to give a constant a symbolic name, as in character str*(*) parameter (x=17, y=x/3, pi=3.14159d0, str='hello') The type of each parameter name is governed by the same implicit and explicit rules as for a variable. Symbolic PS1:2-24 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler names for character constants may be declared with an implied length ``(*)''. The right side of each equal sign must be a constant expression (an expression made up of con- stants, operators, and already defined parameters). 3.4. Array Declarations Arrays may now have as many as seven dimensions. (Only three were permitted in 1966.) The lower bound of each dimension may be declared to be other than 1 by using a colon. Furth- ermore, an adjustable array bound may be an integer expres- sion involving constants, arguments, and variables in com- mon. real a(-5:3, 7, m:n), b(n+1:2*n) The upper bound on the last dimension of an array argument may be denoted by an asterisk to indicate that the upper bound is not specified: integer a(5, *), b(*), c(0:1, -2:*) 3.5. SAVE Statement A little known rule of Fortran 66 is that variables in a procedure do not necessarily retain their values between invocations of that procedure. This rule permits overlay and stack implementations for the affected variables. In Fortran 77, three types of variables automatically keep there values: variables in blank common, variables defined in data statements and never changed, and variables in named common blocks which have not become undefined. At any instant in the execution of a program, if a named common block is declared neither in the currently executing procedure nor in any of the procedures in the chain of callers, all of the variables in that common block become undefined. Fortran 77 permits one to specify that certain variables and common blocks are to retain their values between invocations. The declaration save a, /b/, c leaves the values of the variables a and c and all of the contents of common block b unaffected by an exit from the procedure. The simple declaration save has this effect on all variables and common blocks in the procedure. A common block must be saved in every procedure in which it is declared if the desired effect is to occur. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-25 3.6. INTRINSIC Statement All of the functions specified in the Standard are in a sin- gle category, ``intrinsic functions'', rather than being divided into ``intrinsic'' and ``basic external'' functions. If an intrinsic function is to be passed to another pro- cedure, it must be declared intrinsic. Declaring it external (as in Fortran 66) causes a function other than the built-in one to be passed. 4. Expressions 4.1. Character Constants Character string constants are marked by strings surrounded by apostrophes. If an apostrophe is to be included in a con- stant, it is repeated: 'abc' 'ain''t' Although null (zero-length) character strings are not allowed in the standard Fortran, they may be used with f77. Our compiler has two different quotation marks, `` ' '' and `` " ''. (See section 2.9 in the main text.) 4.2. Concatenation One new operator has been added, character string concatena- tion, marked by a double slash ``//''. The result of a con- catenation is the string containing the characters of the left operand followed by the characters of the right operand. The character expressions 'ab' // 'cd' 'abcd' are equal. Dummy arguments of type character may be declared with implied lengths: subroutine s ( a, b ) character a*(*), b*(*) Such dummy arguments may be used in concatenations in assign statements: s = a // b but not in other contexts. For example: if( a // b .eq. 'abc' ) key = 1 call sub( a // b ) PS1:2-26 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler are legal statements if ``a'' and ``b'' are dummy arguments declared with explicit lengths, or if they are not argu- ments. These are illegal if they are declared with implied lengths. 4.3. Character String Assignment The left and right sides of a character assignment may not share storage. (The assumed implementation of character assignment is to copy characters from the right to the left side.) If the left side is longer than the right, it is pad- ded with blanks. If the left side is shorter than the right, trailing characters are discarded. Since the two sides of a character assignment must be disjoint, the following are illegal: str = ' ' // str str = str(2:) These are not flagged as errors during compilation or execu- tion, however the result is undefined. 4.4. Substrings It is possible to extract a substring of a character vari- able or character array element, using the colon notation: a(i,j) (m:n) is the string of (n-m+1) characters beginning at the mth character of the character array element aij. Results are undefined unless m≤n. Substrings may be used on the left sides of assignments and as procedure actual arguments. 4.5. Exponentiation It is now permissible to raise real quantities to complex powers, or complex quantities to real or complex powers. (The principal part of the logarithm is used.) Also, multi- ple exponentiation is now defined: a**b**c is equivalent to a ** (b**c) 4.6. Relaxation of Restrictions Mixed mode expressions are now permitted. (For instance, it is permissible to combine integer and complex quantities in an expression.) Constant expressions are permitted where a constant is allowed, except in data statements and format statements. (A constant expression is made up of explicit constants and parameters and the Fortran operators, except for A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-27 exponentiation to a floating-point power.) An adjustable dimension may now be an integer expression involving con- stants, arguments, and variables in common. Subscripts may now be general integer expressions; the old cv±c' rules have been removed. do loop bounds may be general integer, real, or double precision expressions. Computed goto expressions and I/O unit numbers may be general integer expressions. 5. Executable Statements 5.1. IF-THEN-ELSE At last, the if-then-else branching structure has been added to Fortran. It is called a ``Block If''. A Block If begins with a statement of the form if ( . . . ) then and ends with an end if statement. Two other new statements may appear in a Block If. There may be several else if (. . .) then statements, followed by at most one else statement. If the logical expression in the Block If state- ment is true, the statements following it up to the next else if, else, or end if are executed. Otherwise, the next else if statement in the group is executed. If none of the else if conditions are true, control passes to the state- ments following the else statement, if any. (The else block must follow all else if blocks in a Block If. Of course, there may be Block Ifs embedded inside of other Block If structures.) A case construct may be rendered: if (s .eq. 'ab') then . . . else if (s .eq. 'cd') then . . . else . . . end if PS1:2-28 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler 5.2. Alternate Returns Some of the arguments of a subroutine call may be statement labels preceded by an asterisk, as in: call joe(j, *10, m, *2) A return statement may have an integer expression, such as: return k If the entry point has n alternate return (asterisk) argu- ments and if 1≤k≤n, the return is followed by a branch to the corresponding statement label; otherwise the usual return to the statement following the call is executed. 6. Input/Output 6.1. Format Variables A format may be the value of a character expression (con- stant or otherwise), or be stored in a character array, as in: write(6, '(i5)') x 6.2. END=, ERR=, and IOSTAT= Clauses A read or write statement may contain end=, err=, and ios- tat= clauses, as in: write(6, 101, err=20, iostat=a(4)) read(5, 101, err=20, end=30, iostat=x) Here 5 and 6 are the units on which the I/O is done, 101 is the statement number of the associated format, 20 and 30 are statement numbers, and a and x are integer variables. If an error occurs during I/O, control returns to the program at statement 20. If the end of the file is reached, control returns to the program at statement 30. In any case, the variable referred to in the iostat= clause is given a value when the I/O statement finishes. (Yes, the value is assigned to the name on the right side of the equal sign.) This value is zero if all went well, negative for end of file, and some positive value for errors. 6.3. Formatted I/O 6.3.1. Character Constants Character constants in formats are copied literally to the output. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-29 A format may be specified as a character constant within the read or write statement. write(6,'(i2,'' isn''''t '',i1)') 7, 4 produces 7 isn't 4 In the example above, the format is the character constant (i2,' isn''t ',i1) and the embedded character constant isn't is copied into the output. The example could have been written more legibly by taking advantage of the two types of quote marks. write(6,'(i2," isn''t ",i1)') 7, 4 However, the double quote is not standard Fortran 77. The standard does not allow reading into character constants or Hollerith fields. In order to facilitate running older programs, the Fortran I/O library allows reading into Hol- lerith fields; however this is a practice to be avoided. 6.3.2. Positional Editing Codes t, tl, tr, and x codes control where the next character is in the record. trn or nx specifies that the next character is n to the right of the current position. tln specifies that the next character is n to the left of the current position, allowing parts of the record to be reconsidered. tn says that the next character is to be character number n in the record. (See section 3.3 in the main text.) 6.3.3. Colon A colon in the format terminates the I/O operation if there are no more data items in the I/O list, otherwise it has no effect. In the fragment x='("hello", :, " there", i4)' write(6, x) 12 write(6, x) the first write statement prints hello there 12 PS1:2-30 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler while the second only prints hello 6.3.4. Optional Plus Signs According to the Standard, each implementation has the option of putting plus signs in front of non-negative numeric output. The sp format code may be used to make the optional plus signs actually appear for all subsequent items while the format is active. The ss format code guarantees that the I/O system will not insert the optional plus signs, and the s format code restores the default behavior of the I/O system. (Since we never put out optional plus signs, ss and s codes have the same effect in our implementation.) 6.3.5. Blanks on Input Blanks in numeric input fields, other than leading blanks, will be ignored following a bn code in a format statement, and will be treated as zeros following a bz code in a format statement. The default for a unit may be changed by using the open statement. (Blanks are ignored by default.) 6.3.6. Unrepresentable Values The Standard requires that if a numeric item cannot be represented in the form required by a format code, the out- put field must be filled with asterisks. (We think this should have been an option.) 6.3.7. Iw.m There is a new integer output code, iw.m. It is the same as iw, except that there will be at least m digits in the out- put field, including, if necessary, leading zeros. The case iw.0 is special, in that if the value being printed is 0, the output field is entirely blank. iw.1 is the same as iw. 6.3.8. Floating Point On input, exponents may start with the letter E, D, e, or d. All have the same meaning. On output we always use e or d. The e and d format codes also have identical meanings. A leading zero before the decimal point in e output without a scale factor is optional with the implementation. There is a gw.d format code which is the same as ew.d and fw.d on input, but which chooses f or e formats for output depending on the size of the number and of d. 6.3.9. ``A'' Format Code The a code is used for character data. aw uses a field width A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-31 of w, while a plain a uses the length of the internal char- acter item. 6.4. Standard Units There are default formatted input and output units. The statement read 10, a, b reads from the standard unit using format statement 10. The default unit may be explicitly specified by an asterisk, as in read(*, 10) a, b Similarly, the standard output unit is specified by a print statement or an asterisk unit: print 10 write(*, 10) 6.5. List-Directed I/O List-directed I/O is a kind of free form input for sequen- tial I/O. It is invoked by using an asterisk as the format identifier, as in read(6, *) a,b,c On input, values are separated by strings of blanks and pos- sibly a comma. On UNIX, tabs may be used interchangeably with blanks as separators. Values, except for character strings, cannot contain blanks. End of record counts as a blank, except in character strings, where it is ignored. Complex constants are given as two real constants separated by a comma and enclosed in parentheses. A null input field, such as between two consecutive commas, means the corresponding variable in the I/O list is not changed. Values may be preceded by repetition counts, as in 4*(3.,2.) 2*, 4*'hello' which stands for 4 complex constants, 2 null values, and 4 string constants. The Fortran standard requires data being read into character variables by a list-directed read to be enclosed in quotes. In our system, the quotes are optional for strings which do not start with a digit or quote and do not contain separa- tors. PS1:2-32 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler For output, suitable formats are chosen for each item. The values of character strings are printed; they are not enclosed in quotes. According to the standard, they could not be read back using list-directed input. However much of this data could be read back in with list-directed I/O on our system. 6.6. Direct I/O A file connected for direct access consists of a set of equal-sized records each of which is uniquely identified by a positive integer. The records may be written or read in any order, using direct access I/O statements. Direct access read and write statements have an extra argu- ment, rec=, which gives the record number to be read or written. read(2, rec=13, err=20) (a(i), i=1, 203) reads the thirteenth record into the array a. The size of the records must be given by an open statement (see below). Direct access files may be connected for either formatted or unformatted I/O. 6.7. Internal Files Internal files are character string objects, such as vari- ables or substrings, or arrays of type character. In the former cases there is only a single record in the file; in the latter case each array element is a record. The Standard includes only sequential formatted I/O on internal files. (I/O is not a very precise term to use here, but internal files are dealt with using read and write.) Internal files are used by giving the name of the character object in place of the unit number, as in character*80 x read(5,'(a)') x read(x,'(i3,i4)') n1,n2 which reads a character string into x and then reads two integers from the front of it. A sequential read or write always starts at the beginning of an internal file. We also support two extensions of the standard. The first is direct I/O on internal files. This is like direct I/O on external files, except that the number of records in the file cannot be changed. In this case a record is a single element of an array of character strings. The second exten- sion is list-directed I/O on internal files. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-33 6.8. OPEN, CLOSE, and INQUIRE Statements These statements are used to connect and disconnect units and files, and to gather information about units and files. 6.8.1. OPEN The open statement is used to connect a file with a unit, or to alter some properties of the connection. The following is a minimal example. open(1, file='fort.junk') open takes a variety of arguments with meanings described below. unit= an integer between 0 and 99 inclusive which is the unit to which the file is to be connected (see section 5.3 in the text). If this parameter is the first one in the open statement, the unit= can be omitted. iostat= is the same as in read or write. err= is the same as in read or write. file= a character expression, which when stripped of trail- ing blanks, is the name of the file to be connected to the unit. The file name should not be given if the status='scratch'. status= one of 'old', 'new', 'scratch', or 'unknown'. If this parameter is not given, 'unknown' is assumed. The meaning of 'unknown' is pro- cessor dependent; our system will create the file if it doesn't exist. If 'scratch' is given, a temporary file will be created. Temporary files are destroyed at the end of execution. If 'new' is given, the file must not exist. It will be created for both reading and writing. If 'old' is given, it is an error for the file not to exist. access= 'sequential' or 'direct', depending on whether the file is to be opened for sequential or direct I/O. form= 'formatted' or 'unformatted'. On UNIX systems, form='print' implies 'formatted' with vertical format control. (See section 3.4 of the text). recl= a positive integer specifying the record length of the direct access file being opened. We measure all record lengths in bytes. On UNIX systems a record length of 1 has the special meaning explained in section 5.1 of the text. PS1:2-34 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler blank= 'null' or 'zero'. This parameter has meaning only for formatted I/O. The default value is 'null'. 'zero' means that blanks, other than leading blanks, in numeric input fields are to be treated as zeros. Opening a new file on a unit which is already connected has the effect of first closing the old file. 6.8.2. CLOSE close severs the connection between a unit and a file. The unit number must be given. The optional parameters are ios- tat= and err= with their usual meanings, and status= either 'keep' or 'delete'. For scratch files the default is 'delete'; otherwise 'keep' is the default. 'delete' means the file will be removed. A simple example is close(3, err=17) 6.8.3. INQUIRE The inquire statement gives information about a unit (``inquire by unit'') or a file (``inquire by file''). Sim- ple examples are: inquire(unit=3, name=xx) inquire(file='junk', number=n, exist=l) file= a character variable specifies the file the inquire is about. Trailing blanks in the file name are ignored. unit= an integer variable specifies the unit the inquire is about. Exactly one of file= or unit= must be used. iostat=, err= are as before. exist= a logical variable. The logical variable is set to .true. if the file or unit exists and is set to .false. otherwise. opened= a logical variable. The logical variable is set to .true. if the file is connected to a unit or if the unit is connected to a file, and it is set to .false. otherwise. number= an integer variable to which is assigned the number of the unit connected to the file, if any. named= a logical variable to which is assigned .true. if the file has a name, or .false. otherwise. A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-35 name= a character variable to which is assigned the name of the file (inquire by file) or the name of the file con- nected to the unit (inquire by unit). access= a character variable to which will be assigned the value 'sequential' if the connection is for sequential I/O, 'direct' if the connection is for direct I/O, 'unknown' if not connected. sequential= a character variable to which is assigned the value 'yes' if the file could be connected for sequen- tial I/O, 'no' if the file could not be connected for sequential I/O, and 'unknown' if we can't tell. direct= a character variable to which is assigned the value 'yes' if the file could be connected for direct I/O, 'no' if the file could not be connected for direct I/O, and 'unknown' if we can't tell. form= a character variable to which is assigned the value 'unformatted' if the file is connected for unformatted I/O, 'formatted' if the file is connected for formatted I/O, 'print' for formatted I/O with vertical format control, or 'unknown' if not connected. formatted= a character variable to which is assigned the value 'yes' if the file could be connected for format- ted I/O, 'no' if the file could not be connected for formatted I/O, and 'unknown' if we can't tell. unformatted= a character variable to which is assigned the value 'yes' if the file could be connected for unfor- matted I/O, 'no' if the file could not be connected for unformatted I/O, and 'unknown' if we can't tell. recl= an integer variable to which is assigned the record length of the records in the file if the file is con- nected for direct access. nextrec= an integer variable to which is assigned one more than the number of the the last record read from a file connected for direct access. blank= a character variable to which is assigned the value 'null' if null blank control is in effect for the file connected for formatted I/O, 'zero' if blanks are being converted to zeros and the file is connected for for- matted I/O. For information on file permissions, ownership, etc., use the Fortran library routines stat and access. For further discussion of the UNIX Fortran I/O system see ``Introduction to the f77 I/O Library'' [9]. PS1:2-36 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler APPENDIX B: References and Bibliography References 1. American National Standard Programming Language FORTRAN, ANSI X3.9-1978. New York: American National Standards Institute, 1978. 2. USA Standard FORTRAN, USAS X3.9-1966. New York: United States of America Standards Institute, 1966. Clarified in Comm. ACM 12:289 (1969) and Comm. ACM 14:628 (1971). 3. Kernighan, B. W., and D. M. Ritchie. The C Programming Language. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1978. 4. Ritchie, D. M. Private communication. 5. Johnson, S. C. ``A Portable Compiler: Theory and Practice,'' Proceedings of Fifth ACM Symposium on Principles of Program- ming Languages. 1978. 6. Feldman, S. I. ``An Informal Description of EFL,'' internal memorandum. 7. Kernighan, B. W. ``RATFOR-A Preprocessor for Rational For- tran,'' Bell Laboratories Computing Science Technical Report #55. 1977. 8. Ritchie, D. M. Private communication. 9. Wasley, D. L. ``Introduction to the f77 I/O Library'', UNIX Programmer's Manual, Volume 2c. Bibliography The following books or documents describe aspects of Fortran 77. This list cannot pretend to be complete. Certainly no particular endorsement is implied. 1. Brainerd, Walter S., et al. Fortran 77 Programming. Harper Row, 1978. 2. Day, A. C. Compatible Fortran. Cambridge University Press, 1979. 3. Dock, V. Thomas. Structured Fortran IV Programming. West, 1979. 4. Feldman, S. I. ``The Programming Language EFL,'' Bell Labora- tories Technical Report. June 1979. 5. Hume, J. N., and R. C. Holt. Programming Fortran 77. Reston, A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-37 1979. 6. Katzan, Harry, Jr. Fortran 77. Van Nostrand-Reinhold, 1978. 7. Meissner, Loren P., and Organick, Elliott I. Fortran 77 Featuring Structured Programming, Addison-Wesley, 1979. 8. Merchant, Michael J. ABC's of Fortran Programming. Wadsworth, 1979. 9. Page, Rex, and Richard Didday. Fortran 77 for Humans. West, 1980. 10.Wagener, Jerrold L. Principles of Fortran 77 Programming. Wiley, 1980. PS1:2-2 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................ 2 1.1. Usage ............................................... 2 1.2. Documentation Conventions ........................... 5 1.3. Implementation Strategy ............................. 6 1.4. Debugging Aids ...................................... 6 2. Language Extensions ..................................... 6 2.1. Double Complex Data Type ............................ 6 2.2. Internal Files ...................................... 7 2.3. Implicit Undefined Statement ........................ 7 2.4. Recursion ........................................... 7 2.5. Automatic Storage ................................... 7 2.6. Source Input Format ................................. 8 2.7. Include Statement ................................... 8 2.8. Binary Initialization Constants ..................... 8 2.9. Character Strings ................................... 9 2.10. Hollerith .......................................... 9 2.11. Equivalence Statements ............................. 9 2.12. One-Trip DO Loops .................................. 10 2.13. Commas in Formatted Input .......................... 10 2.14. Short Integers ..................................... 10 2.15. Additional Intrinsic Functions ..................... 11 2.16. Namelist I/O ....................................... 11 2.17. Automatic Precision Increase ....................... 13 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-3 2.18. Characters and Integers ............................ 14 3. Violations of the Standard .............................. 14 3.1. Double Precision Alignment .......................... 14 3.2. Dummy Procedure Arguments ........................... 15 3.3. T and TL Formats .................................... 15 3.4. Carriage Control .................................... 15 3.5. Assigned Goto ....................................... 16 4. Inter-Procedure Interface ............................... 16 4.1. Procedure Names ..................................... 16 4.2. Data Representations ................................ 16 4.3. Arrays .............................................. 16 4.4. Return Values ....................................... 17 4.5. Argument Lists ...................................... 17 4.6. System Interface .................................... 18 5. File Formats ............................................ 18 5.1. Structure of Fortran Files .......................... 19 5.2. Portability Considerations .......................... 19 5.3. Logical Units and Files ............................. 20 Appendix A. Differences Between Fortran 66 and Fortran 77 ......................................................... 21 1. Features Deleted from Fortran 66 ........................ 21 1.1. Hollerith ........................................... 21 1.2. Extended Range of DO ................................ 21 2. Program Form ............................................ 21 2.1. Blank Lines ......................................... 21 2.2. Program and Block Data Statements ................... 21 2.3. ENTRY Statement ..................................... 22 2.4. DO Loops ............................................ 22 PS1:2-4 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler 2.5. Alternate Returns ................................... 22 3. Declarations ............................................ 23 3.1. CHARACTER Data Type ................................. 23 3.2. IMPLICIT Statement .................................. 23 3.3. PARAMETER Statement ................................. 23 3.4. Array Declarations .................................. 24 3.5. SAVE Statement ...................................... 24 3.6. INTRINSIC Statement ................................. 25 4. Expressions ............................................. 25 4.1. Character Constants ................................. 25 4.2. Concatenation ....................................... 25 4.3. Character String Assignment ......................... 26 4.4. Substrings .......................................... 26 4.5. Exponentiation ...................................... 26 4.6. Relaxation of Restrictions .......................... 26 5. Executable Statements ................................... 27 5.1. IF-THEN-ELSE ........................................ 27 5.2. Alternate Returns ................................... 28 6. Input/Output ............................................ 28 6.1. Format Variables .................................... 28 6.2. END=, ERR=, and IOSTAT= Clauses ..................... 28 6.3. Formatted I/O ....................................... 28 6.4. Standard Units ...................................... 31 6.5. List-Directed I/O ................................... 31 6.6. Direct I/O .......................................... 32 6.7. Internal Files ...................................... 32 6.8. OPEN, CLOSE, and INQUIRE Statements ................. 33 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler PS1:2-5 Appendix B. References and Bibliography ................... 36. | https://www.mirbsd.org/htman/i386/manPSD/08.f77.htm | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | refinedweb | 12,199 | 63.19 |
How to find out how many students are enrolled in a certain classStudent.cpp:
[code]
#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <string>
#include <functional>
#...
How to find out how many students are enrolled in a certain classI'm trying to make a program that generates 300 students, and for each student, they have 3-6 course...
rng works on mac, but not windows?@kbw
Where would I put the srand()?
rng works on mac, but not windows?I made a class that generates random SSID. and this is part of the function:
[code]int Student::gen...
reference to non static member function?@FurryGuy
main.cpp|11|error: reference to non-static member function must be called; did you mean t...
This user does not accept Private Messages | http://www.cplusplus.com/user/SwissPie/ | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | refinedweb | 126 | 77.84 |
- NAME
- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- LICENSE
- AUTHOR
- SEE ALSO
NAME
RDF::Core::Query - Implementation of query language
SYNOPSIS
my %namespaces = (Default => '', ns => '', ); sub printRow { my (@row) = @_; foreach (@row) { my $label = defined($_) ? $_->getLabel : 'NULL'; print $label, ' '; } print "\n"; } my $functions = new RDF::Core::Function(Data => $model, Schema => $schema, Factory => $factory, ); my $evaluator = new RDF::Core::Evaluator (Model => $model, #an instance of RDF::Core::Model Factory => $factory, #an instance of RDF::Core::NodeFactory Functions => $functions, Namespaces => \%namespaces, Row => \&printRow ); my $query = new RDF::Core::Query(Evaluator=> $evaluator); $query->query("Select ?x->title From store->book{?x}->author{?y} Where ?y = 'Lewis'");
DESCRIPTION
Query module together with RDF::Core::Evaluator and RDF::Core::Function implements a query language. A result of a query is a set of handler calls, each call corresponding to one row of data returned.
Interface
new(%options)
Available options are:
Evaluator
RDF::Core::Evaluator object.
query($queryString)
Evaluates $queryString. Returns an array reference, each item containing one resulting row. There is an option Row in RDF::Core::Evaluator, which contains a function to handle a row returned from query. If the handler is set, it is called for each row of the result and no result array is returned. Parameters of the handler are RDF::Core::Resource or RDF::Core::Literal or undef values.
prepare($queryString)
Prepares parsed query from $queryString. The string can contain external variables - names with hash prepended (#name), which are bound to values in execute().
execute(\%bindings,$parsedQuery)
Executes prepared query. If $parsedQuery is not supplied, the last prepared/executed/queried query is executed. Binding hash must contain value for each external variable used. The value is RDF::Core::Resource or RDF::Core::Literal object.
Query language
Query language has three major parts, beginning with select, from and where keywords. The select part specifies which "columns" of data should be returned. The from part defines the pattern or path in the graph I'm searching for and binds variables to specific points of the path. The where part specifies conditions that each path found must conform.
Let's start in midst, with from part:
Select ?x from ?x->ns:author
This will find all resources that have property ns:author. We can chain properties:
Select ?x from ?x->ns:author->ns:name
This means find all resources that have property ns:author and value of the property has property ns:name. We can bind values to variables to refer them back:
Select ?x, ?authorName from ?x->ns:author{?authorID}->ns:name{?authorName}
This means find the same as in the recent example and bind ?authorID variable to author value and ?authorName to name value. The variable is bound to a value of property, not property itself. If there is a second variable bound, it's bound to property itself:
Select ?x from ?x->ns:author{?authorID}->ns:name{?authorName,?prop}
The variable ?authorName will contain a name of an author, while ?prop variable will contain an uri of ns:name property. This kind of binding can be useful with function calls (see below).
If there is more then one path specified, the result must satisfy all of them. Common variables represent the same value, describing how the paths are joined together. If there are no common variables in two paths, cartesian product is produced.
Select ?x From ?x->ns:author{?author}->ns:name{?name}, ?author->ns:birth{?birth}
Target element. The value of the last property in the path can be specified:
Select ?x from ?x->ns:author->ns:name=>'Lewis'
Class expression. Class of the starting element in the path can be specified:
Select ?x from ns:Book::?x->ns:author
which is equivalent to
Select ?x from ?x->ns:author, ?x->rdf:type=>ns:Book
supposing we have defined namespace rdf = ''. (See Names and URIs paragraph later in the text.)
Condition. Now we described data we talk about and let's put more conditions on them in where section:
Select ?x From ?x->ns:author{?author}->ns:name{?name}, ?author->ns:birth{?birth} Where ?name = 'Lewis' And ?birth->ns:year < '1900'
This means: get all paths in the graph described in from section and exclude those that don't conform the condition. Only variables declared in from section can be used, binding is not allowed in condition.
In condition, each element (resource, predicate or value) can be replaced with a list of variants. So we may ask:
Select ?x From ?x->ns:author{?author} Where ?author->(ns:book,ns:booklet,ns:article)->ns:published < '1938'
and it means
Select ?x From ?x->ns:author{?author}, ?author->ns:birth{?birth} Where ?author->ns:book.published < '1938' Or ?author->ns:booklet.published < '1938' Or ?author->ns:article.published < '1938'
The list of variants can be combined with class expression:
Select ?x From ?x->ns:author{?author} Where (clss:Writer, clss:Teacher)::?author->ns:birth < '1900'
and it means
... Where (?author->rdf:type = clss:Writer Or ?author->rdf:type = clss:Teacher) And ?author->ns:birth < '1900'
Resultset. The select section describes how to output each path found. We can think of a path as a n-tuple of values bound to variables.
Select ?x->ns:title, ?author->ns:name From ?x->ns:author{?author} Where (clss:Writer, clss:Teacher)::?author->ns:birth < '1900'
For each n-tuple [?x, ?author] conforming the query ?x->ns:title and ?author->ns:name are evaluated and the pair of values is returned as one row of the result. If there is no value for ?x->ns:title, undef is returned instead of the value. If there are more values for one particular ?x->ns:title, all of them are returned in cartesian product with ?author->ns:name.
Names and URIs
'ns:name' is a shortcut for URI. Each prefix:name is evaluated to URI as prefix value concatenated with name. If prefix is not present, prefix Default is taken. There are two ways to assign a namespace prefix to its value. You can specify prefix and its value in Evaluator's option Namespaces. This is a global setting, which applies to all queries evaluated by Query object. Locally you can set namespaces in each select, using USE clause. This overrides global settings for the current select. URIs can be typed explicitly in square brackets. The following queries are equivalent:
Select ?x from ?x->[] Select ?x from ?x->ns:name Use ns For []
Functions
Functions can be used to obtain custom values for a resource. They accept recources or literals as parameters and return set of resources or literals. They can be used in place of URI or name. If they are at position of property, they get resource as a special parameter and what they return is considered to be a value of the expression rather then 'real' properties.
Let's have function foo() that always returns resource with URI. The expression
?x->foo()
evaluates to
[],
not
?x->[]
Now we can restate the condition with variants to a condition with a function call.
Select ?x From ?x->ns:author{?author} Where ?author->subproperty(ns:publication)->ns:published < '1938'
We consider we have apropriate schema where book, booklet, article etc. are (direct or indirect) rdfs:subPropertyOf publication.
The above function does this: search schema for subproperties of publication and return value of the subproperty. Sometimes we'd like to know not only value of that "hidden" property, but the property itself. Again, we can use a multiple binding. In following example we get uri of publication in ?publication and uri of property (book, booklet, article, ...) in ?property.
Select ?publication, ?property From ?author->subproperty(ns:publication){?publication, ?property} Where ?publication->ns:published < '1938'
Comments are prepended with two dashes (to end of line or string), or enclosed in slash asterisk parenthesis /*...*/.
Select ?publication, ?property --the rest of line is a comment From ?author->subproperty(publication){?publication, ?property} Where /*another comment*/ ?publication->published < '1938'
A BNF diagram for query language
<query> ::= Select <resultset> From <source> [Where <condition>] ["Use" <namespaces>] <resultset> ::= <elementpath>{","<elementpath>} <source> ::= <sourcepath>{","<sourcepath>} <sourcepath> ::= [<element>[ "{" <variable> "}" ]"::"] <element>[ "{" <variable> "}" ] {"->"<element>[ "{" <variable> [, <variable>]"}" ]} ["=>"<element> | <expression>] <condition> ::= <match> | <condition> <connection> <condition> {<connection> <condition>} | "(" <condition> ")" <namespaces> ::= <name> ["For"] "["<uri>"]" { "," <name> [for] "["<uri>"]"} <match> ::= <path> [<relation> <path>] <path> ::= [<elements>"::"]<elements>{"->"<elements>} | <expression> <elements> ::= <element> | "(" <element> {"," <element>} ")" <elementpath> ::= <element>{"->"<element>} | <expression> <element> ::= <variable> | <node> | <function> <function> ::= <name> "(" <elementpath>["," <elementpath>] ")" <node> ::= "[" <uri> "]" | "[" "_:" <name> "]" | [<name>":"]<name> <variable> ::= "?"<name> <name> ::= [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_] <expression> ::= <literal> | <expression> <operation> <expression> {<operation> <expression>} | "(" <expression> ")" <connection> ::= and | or <relation> ::= "=" | "<" | ">" <operation> ::= "|" <literal> ::= """{any_character}""" | "'"{any_character}"'" <uri> ::= absolute uri resource, see uri specification
LICENSE
This package is subject to the MPL (or the GPL alternatively).
AUTHOR
Ginger Alliance, rdf@gingerall.cz
SEE ALSO
RDF::Core::Evaluator, RDF::Core::Function | https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/RDF-Core/lib/RDF/Core/Query.pm | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | refinedweb | 1,448 | 50.84 |
[Project] ExtJs4 MVC Desktop with Zend Framework Backend
[Project] ExtJs4 MVC Desktop with Zend Framework Backend
Hello,
)
Last edited by Nickname; 9 Aug 2011 at 10:06 AM. Reason: added github
- Join Date
- Mar 2007
- Location
- St. Louis, MO
- 35,532
- Vote Rating
- 706
Very well done this error when trying to load the page:
Code:
Error 310 (net::ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS): There were too many redirects.
Demo page broken.
Thanks for reporting.
default user was deleted and if there is no user to map the ACL rules... you experienced the results :| Adding to bug list...
Should work again (and I have to think of some protection for the demo)
Well done!!
I'm also working on a desktop (CodeIgniter in the backend) with the MVC pattern, at the moment I'm working on the ACL. You can see a demo here:
user: crysfel
pass: 123
And the code here:
The code of the applications are loading when the user clicks in the main menu or in the shorcuts.
Best regards
Getting Issue
Getting Issue
Hey Nickname
First of all thanks for the post as my situation is the same like yours...first project in zend as well as in ext js 4. So you can imagine my situation now a days.
I tried the link you have given for live demo. On that link i was able to login and access administration panel but when i clicked on web desktop i am getting the blank page.
Can any body tell me the reason why i am getting this issue?
waiting for your quick response.
when i tried this application in IE here are the screen shots of errors i got.
untitled4.PNG
untitled1.PNG
untitled2.PNG
untitled3.PNG
Hi,
the problem could be caused by several problems.
First thing is, that I did not get it to work with IE6/IE7 (IE8 not tested).
When I tried to get it to work with IE7, I started to refactor the whole project and found several problems, which I could not resolve (extjs bugs!).
In this process, beside the IE* problem, I found a clean solution with ZendFramework for the complex ACL solution I build at that time.
But digging deeper into ZF and learning more about that framework, I discovered a lot, unfortunately drawbacks for this project.
Another thing is the evolution process of extjs4. For several weeks now, I stopped working with extjs4 and I am not writing in this forum anymore.
There are *so many* bugs and conceptional problems and I'm not even talking about performance. As a GPL user I cannot track fixed bugs in minor releases and Sencha does not tell, how a workaround looks like. So I have to live with those bugs. That means, that I cannot enhance and stabilize the project.
Long story short: This project won't be updated anymore.
I found my happiness with Symfony2 and currently I try to beat the learning curve
ZF seems so overcomplexed (with all their view/action/form/xyz helpers), missing builtin Doctrine2 support and I could not get php 5.3 namespaces to work smoothly. ZF will fix this all in 2.x, I'm sure, but I think ZF does not fit my needs.
So, development started from zero based on Symfony2 and I will use ExtJs4.1 (if it will be released in some weeks) as new base for the frontend.
The source on github is not affected by this big refactoring I wanted to perform.
Perhaps you grab a copy of that, and try to run it locally.
Cheers,
Andreas | http://www.sencha.com/forum/showthread.php?142863-Project-ExtJs4-MVC-Desktop-with-Zend-Framework-Backend&p=634217 | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | refinedweb | 598 | 81.43 |
Ubuntu.Components.Mouse
Attached property filtering mouse events occured inside the owner. More...
Properties
- acceptedButtons : Qt::MouseButtons
- clickAndHoldThreshold : int
- enabled : bool
- forwardTo : list<Item>
- hoverEnabled : bool
- ignoreSynthesizedEvents : bool
- priority : enumeration
Signals
- onClicked(MouseEvent event)
- onDoubleClicked(MouseEvent event)
- onEntered(MouseEvent event)
- onExited(MouseEvent event)
- onPositionChanged(MouseEvent event)
- onPressAndHold(MouseEvent event)
- onPressed(MouseEvent event, Item host)
- onReleased(MouseEvent event)
Detailed Description
Sometimes we need to provide additional functionality on mouse events beside a QML element's default behavior. Placing a MouseArea over a component however will grab the mouse events from the component underneath, no matter if we set preventStealing to false or not. Setting mouse.accepted to false in onPressed would result in having the event forwarded to the MouseArea's parent, however MouseArea will no longer receive other mouse events.
import QtQuick 2.4 TextInput { width: 100 height: 20 MouseArea { anchors.fill: parent preventStealing: false // do not accept event so it gets propagated to the parent item onPressed: mouse.accepted = false; onReleased: console.log("this will not be printed") } }
Ubuntu UI Toolkit declares filter components similar to Keys, which can be attached to any visual primitve. Mouse filter however will have effect only when attached to items handling mouse events. Events are handled through signals, where the event data is presented through the mouse parameter. Events should be accepted if the propagation of those to the owner is not wanted. This is not valid to onClicked, onPressAndHold composed events.
The previous code sample using Mouse filter, which will print the pressed and released mouse buttons would look as follows:
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 TextInput { width: 100 height: 20 // do not accept event so it gets propagated to the parent item Mouse.onPressed: console.log("mouse button pressed: " + mouse.button) Mouse.onReleased: console.log("mouse button released: " + mouse.button) }
The event details are reported in the mouse parameter, of MouseEvent type, which extends">QtQuick's MouseEvent with additional properties.
The filter will accept the same mouse buttons the owner accepts, and will accept hover events if the owner does. However it is not possible to alter these settings through the filter. If button handling other than the default ones specified for the primitive is required, MouseAreas can be declared to handle those events.
Example of handling right button clicks over a TextInput:
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 TextInput { width: 100 height: 20 MouseArea { anchors.fill: parent acceptedButtons: Qt.RightButton onClicked: console.log("right button clicked") } }
In this example left and middle mouse button clicks will reach TextInput as MouseArea only grabs right button events.
Mouse filter can be used in combination with MouseArea, where the filter brings additional functionality on top of existing primitive functionality, and MouseArea add new functionality to the primitive.
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 TextInput { width: 100 height: 20 // do not accept event so it gets propagated to the parent item Mouse.onPressed: { if (mouse.button === Qt.LeftButton) { // do something } } MouseArea { anchors.fill: parent acceptedButtons: Qt.RightButton Mouse.onPressed: console.log("right button clicked") } }
As mentioned, mouse filters can be attached to any visual item. Attaching it to items that do not handle any mouse events will not have any effect. However child items which handle mouse events can forward the events they handle to their parent. In this way mouse events will land in these items too, and mouse filter attached to those can also handle the event. This is useful when creating custom types where the mouse handling item is nested into a non-mouse handling one, and we want to provide additional filtering possibility to the user. These type of items are called proxy handlers.
Item { id: top width: 100 height: 50 Mouse.onPressed: console.log("mouse received from input") TextItem { anchors.fill: parent Mouse.forvardTo: [top] Mouse.onPressed: console.log("pressed over input") Mouse.onPressAndHold: console.log("longpress handled here") } }
In this example the mouse press is first handled by the mouse filter attached to TextInput, then it is forwarded to the top item and finally to the TextInput. Accepting the mouse event will stop propagation to the top item as well as to the TextInput. The topmost item itself does not handle mouse events, therefore it will be a sinple proxy handler item. However, proxies can themself handle mouse events. Therefore each mouse event signal has the host parameter specifying the sender of the mouse event reported.
Note: The forwarded events are handled in the proxy handlers only if the mouse position points inside their area. If the forwarded mouse position falls outside the target area, the event will not be reported, however will be forwarded further to the items in the list. In the following example the mouse press in red rectangle will be printed as well as the proxied mouse press from the main item.
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 Item { id: main width: units.gu(40) height: units.gu(71) Mouse.onPressed: console.log("got the mouse press forwarded by " + host.objectName) Column { anchors.fill: parent spacing: units.gu(1) Rectangle { id: blueRect objectName: "BlueRect" width: parent.width height: units.gu(20) color: "blue" Mouse.forwardTo: [main] Mouse.onPressed: console.log("This should not be printed") } Rectangle { objectName: "RedRect" width: parent.width height: units.gu(20) color: "red" MouseArea { anchors.fill: parent Mouse.forwardTo: [blueRect] Mouse.onPressed: console.log("Pressed in " + host.objectName) } } } }
An interesting feature that can be achieved using Mouse filter is the event "transparency" towards the MouseArea lying behind the items which handle mouse events. This means for example that by forwarding mouse events occurred on a TextInput to a MouseArea that stays behind it in the item hierarchy, the MouseArea will also get all the events occurred on the area covered by the TextInput, acting like it would be above the TextInput. However, due to the nature of the MouseArea event acceptance policy (all events are accepted by default) TextInput will not get these mouse events unless we set the accepted field of the mouse event to false in MouseArea. This normally leads to the MouseArea no longer getting further mouse events. However, Mouse filter will continue to forward other mouse events to the MouseArea, so setting accepted to false in onPressed, onReleased will not have the default effect. This is only valid to press and release events, double-click or mouse position change will be blocked by the MouseArea still.
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 MouseArea { id: topArea width: units.gu(50) height: units.gu(10) onPressed: { console.log("forwarded pressed") mouse.accepted = false } onReleased: { console.log("released") mouse.accepted = false } TextInput { width: units.gu(40) height: units.gu(5) anchors.centerIn: parent Mouse.forwardTo: [topArea] Mouse.onPressed: console.log("input pressed") Mouse.onReleased: console.log("input released") } }
Mouse filter provides ability to control the order of the event dispatching. The filter can receive the events prior the owner or after the owner. This can be controlled through the priority property. In the following example we make sure the TextInput always receives the events before the filter:
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 TextInput { id: input width: units.gu(40) height: units.gu(5) activeFocusOnPress: true Mouse.prority: Mouse.AfterItem Mouse.onPressed: if (input.activeFocus) console.log("Text input already handled it") }
Another feature of the mouse filters is the ability to restrict when the composed events like onClicked and onPressAndHold should be triggered. By default these events are triggered no matter what is the distance between the mouse pressed position and the current position after a certain timeout (for onPressAndHold) or upon mouse release (for onClicked). In this way the onClicked will be emitted even if the user presses the mouse at the left-top edge of the component, then moves it to the right-bottom corner and releases it. This may not be the preferred behavior on certain components (like TextInput). Therefore MouseFilter provides a property which can alter this behavior, the clickAndHoldThreshold. This property specifies the radius of the area the up-mentioned composed events are emitted during a mouse move.
import QtQuick 2.4 import Ubuntu.Components 1.2 TextInput { width: units.gu(40) height: units.gu(5) activeFocusOnPress: true selectByMouse: true // emit composed events only if the mouse moves within 2 GU radius area Mouse.clickAndHoldThreshold: units.gu(2) Mouse.onClicked: console.log("click happened within threshold value") Mouse.onPressAndHold: console.log("pressAndHold happened within threshold value") }
Similar functionality for the case when the mouse event occurs outside of the owner is brought by the InverseMouse attached property.
Mouse events synthesis">QtQuick automatically creates artificial mouse events whenever a scene receives touch events that are not consumed by any item (either by using MultiPointTouchArea or a custom C++ item). The Mouse filter provides the possibility to ignore synthesized mouse events by enabling the ignoreSynthesizedEvents property.
This is really useful when, while developing a convergent application, the app developer wants to avoid triggering the hovering logic using a touchscreen, but still be able to handle the hover events when using a mouse, and at the same time doesn't want to stop the mouse and touch events from propagating to items underneath the MouseArea which handles the hovering. The following is an example of how that functionaly can be implemented:
MouseArea { id: proximityArea anchors.fill: parent propagateComposedEvents: true hoverEnabled: true //We use a separate variable to detect whether the area contains //a mouse, because MouseArea's containsMouse is true even when //tapping on it using a touchscreen (due to the touch events being //converted to mouse events if no item consumes them). property bool containsPointerDevice: false //handle hover events using the Mouse filter instead of MouseArea, so that //we can ignore synthesized mouse events and not trigger hover logic when the //user is interacting with the app using a touch device. Mouse.ignoreSynthesizedEvents: true Mouse.onEntered: { console.log("ONLY A MOUSE CAN TRIGGER THIS SLOT") proximityArea.containsPointerDevice = true } Mouse.onExited: proximityArea.containsPointerDevice = false //let mouse and touch events propagate underneath the mouse area onPressed: mouse.accepted = false }
Property Documentation
The property holds the accepted mouse buttons of the owner.
The property holds the radius of the tolerance area the mouse can move in both x and y axis when the mouse is pressed, during which the composed events such as onClicked and onPressAndHold will still be emitted. If the mouse is moved out of this area while the button is pressed, no composed events will be emitted.
When this value is 0, the signals will be emitted as in MouseArea, meaning the composed events will come until the mouse is moved inside the owner's area.
The default value is 0.
Note: The value has no effect for the forwarded events. The threshold is only valid when the host handles mouse events.
The property provides a way to forward mouse presses, releases, moves and double click events to other items. This can be useful when you want other items to handle different parts of the same mouse event or to handle other mouse events.
The items listed will receive the event only if the mouse event falls into their area. Once an item that has forwarded mouse events accepts the event, that will no longer be delivered to the rest of the items in the list. This rule is also applied on the owner when the priority is set to BeforeItem.
The property reports whether the owner accepts hover events or not. When events are accepted onEntered, onPositionChanged and onExited signals containing the mouse cursor position.
This property controls how the filter handles the mouse events synthesized by Qt (e.g. the artificial mouse events created when an original touch event is not consumed by any Item in the scene).
If the value is true, the filter will ignore the synthesized mouse events.
More info at Mouse events synthesis.
The default value is false.
The property specifies the event dispach relation between the filter, the elements the event is forwarded to and the owner. Similar to Keys' priority property, the event dispach is performed in two ways: berfore (BeforeItem) or after (AfterItem) the owner receives the events.
When BeforeItem is set the event dispach happens based as follows:
- the event is handled by the mouse filter
- if there are items listed in forwardTo property, the event will be forwarded to those items
- the event is handed over the owner.
When AfterItem is set the event dispach happens based as follows:
- the event is handed over the owner;
- the event is handled by the mouse filter;
- if there are items listed in forwardTo property, the event will be forwarded to those items.
The default value is BeforeItem.
Signal Documentation
The signal reports the mouse click. The signal is not emitted if the onPressAndHold got triggered or if onDoubleClicked is handled (a slot is connected to it). The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports mouse double click. The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports that the mouse has entered into the area. The signal is emitted when the hover events are enabled and the mouse enters the area or when one of the accepted mouse button is pressed. The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports that the mouse has left the area. The signal is emitted when the hover events are enabled for the owner or if not, when one of the accepted button is released. The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports the mouse pointer position change. If the hover events are enabled for the owner, the signal will come continuously. Otherwise the position chanes are reported when one of the accepted mouse buttons are being kept pressed. The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports the mouse press and hold. The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports the mouse press. The host specifies the item that triggered the event.
The signal reports the mouse release. The host specifies the item that triggered the event. | https://phone.docs.ubuntu.com/en/apps/api-qml-development/Ubuntu.Components.Mouse | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | refinedweb | 2,357 | 58.08 |
See also: IRC log
<trackbot> Date: 30 November 2010
trackbot, start telcon
<trackbot> Meeting: SOAP-JMS Binding Working Group Teleconference
<trackbot> Date: 30 November 2010
<scribe> Scribe: Mark
RESOLUTION: Minutes are approved
No changes to agenda
Eric: The workgroup charter was
scheduled to expire this December
... That isn't a problem as long as the WG is seen to be making progress, however Yves has extended our charter to the middle of next year
Eric: No progress on 146, or 202
Derek: Started looking at 222 - still in progress
Phil: 223 still pending
Peter: 225 (testcase mods arising from action 219) - now done
close action-225
<trackbot> ACTION-225 Apply Action-219 changes to test spec closed
Phil: ACTION-227 is done -
close action-227
<trackbot> ACTION-227 Raise issue on the SOAP/JMS namespace distinction between SOAP 1.1 and 1.2 and present proposal closed
Eric: 228 is done
close action-228
<trackbot> ACTION-228 Come up with a proposal for Issue-65 closed
Phil: 229 - is done - see:
close action-229
<trackbot> ACTION-229 Come up with a proposal for Issue-65 closed
Mark: Starting to look at whether IBM's WebSphere Message Broker can be tested against CXF (an independent implementation from WebSphere App Server)
Phil: What about pending chages e.g. Issue 65?
Eric: For the purposes of moving to PR, implementations must conform to last published draft.
Phil: JAX-WS provides a value
that can be used by an endpoint developer in the Binding type
annotation to specify the SOAP version and the transport. Our
Binding spec only defines a single namespace, and so is
insufficient to denote both SOAP version(1.1 or 1.2) and
transport (JMS)
... Proposal is to define 2 values - one for SOAP 1.1 and the other for SOAP 1.2
See proposal in ISSUE-67 following the text "Regarding specific changes to the binding spec to resolve this issue"...
RESOLUTION: no objections - ISSUE-67 is opened
Mark: Do we need to update namespace table etc. in spec.
Phil: No, should keep everything else the same - these are new namespace values
Eric: *Could* add these in as
additional normative values in spec. but can't see any concrete
use cases for that
... Suggest dropping the last paragraph in the proposal (which begins "Ideally, these values would be defined by the JAX-WS specification")
... ...and perhaps amend the previous paragraph to be more generalised - so that it doesn't just apply to JAX-WS
Phil: Perhaps we could replace the final paragraph with some text that acknowledges that there may be some other technologies that would find these values useful
Eric: That might be overkill unless we can think of concrete examples
RESOLUTION: The proposal is approved with the final paragraph removed
action mark to apply the changes for ISSUE-67
<trackbot> Created ACTION-230 - Apply the changes for ISSUE-67 [on Mark Phillips - due 2010-12-07].
Eric: Public comments from the mailing list regarding the use of the API for Setting JMS Header properties
Mark: Good spot - been in the spec for a long time
Phil: +1
RESOLUTION: The ISSUE-68 is opened
<scribe> ACTION: mark to come up with a concrete proposal to resolve issue 68 [recorded in]
<trackbot> Created ACTION-231 - Come up with a concrete proposal to resolve issue 68 [on Mark Phillips - due 2010-12-07].
Eric: Changed spec. to point at revision 10 of URI scheme ( )
Eric's proposal:
<eric>
<eric> Issues to discuss:
Discussion: No way to find out what encodings a service provider supports.
Eric: HTTP can determine what encodings a web server Accepts but this proposal does not include an equivalent
Amy: We could simplfiy by saying that content-encoding can only be applied to single part messages
Eric: Yes - that's a slightly different issue - do we want to allow this property for multi-part messages?
Amy: In 2.2.3 we would add a bullet point that says soapjms:contentEncoding must not be used for multi-part messages
Phil: If we adopt this as a normative change it will require changes to existing implementations - at a minimum, to check for this new property, and throw the appropriate SOAP fault if encoding is not supported
<alewis> * Restriction: the property is not defined for composite messages (messages with a Content-Type of "multipart" or "message"), only for discrete messages (Content-Type "application" or "text", for this specification).
Eric: we *could* soften the
requirement in the final bullet in 2.2.3 to "SHOULD" so that
existing implementations don't change
... If we keep the hard requirement we would need a new test to send a bogus encoding and ensure we get a fault back
Phil: We shoud make it a MUST if we'e going to put it in at all
Peter: Agree with the discussion - still pondering SHOULD vs. MUST for the fault
Mark: If we add a new fault we will also need to add it to the schema
Eric: If anyone cares strongly
about the MUST then please make a counter proposal
... to revise the proposal with Amy's addition and the fault in the proposal
<scribe> ACTION: Eric to revise the proposal with Amy's addition and the fault in the proposal [recorded in]
<trackbot> Created ACTION-232 - Revise the proposal with Amy's addition and the fault in the proposal [on Eric Johnson - due 2010-12-07].
This is scribe.perl Revision: 1.135 of Date: 2009/03/02 03:52:20 Check for newer version at Guessing input format: RRSAgent_Text_Format (score 1.00) Succeeded: s/propoalin/proposal in/ Succeeded: s/wnat/want/ No ScribeNick specified. Guessing ScribeNick: mphillip Found Scribe: Mark Default Present: padams, +1.919.663.aaaa, Derek, Mark, +1.209.474.aabb, +1.781.280.aacc, alewis, eric Present: padams +1.919.663.aaaa Derek Mark +1.209.474.aabb +1.781.280.aacc alewis eric Found Date: 30 Nov 2010 Guessing minutes URL: People with action items: eric mark WARNING: Input appears to use implicit continuation lines. You may need the "-implicitContinuations" option.[End of scribe.perl diagnostic output] | http://www.w3.org/2010/11/30-soap-jms-minutes.html | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | refinedweb | 1,019 | 56.39 |
!ATTLIST div activerev CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST div nodeid CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST a command CDATA #IMPLIED>
I noticed some scripts have different options in collapsible menus in the inspector.
For example there's a collapsible menu named "Resolution" and when you open it, it shows the properties.
How do they do it?
In c# preferred, but I guess I could possibly convert from js.
Thanks
asked
Mar 01 '11 at 04:46 PM
Johan 4
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You can use the EditorGUILayout.Foldout control. It is basically just a special toggle control; assign it to a boolean, and if it is true then draw the controls "inside", if it is false then don't.
answered
Mar 01 '11 at 05:26 PM
Molix
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That requires using unityeditor, I don't want that. I've seen this being done without unityeditor
Your question does say "in the inspector". Anyway, there isn't really any magic to it; it is just a toggle that displays a little arrow icon pointing sideways or down. So if you want one at runtime, just use Toggle with a couple custom styles that contain arrows.
I'm sure this question is incredibly old but i stumbled upon it while looking for something else.
Based on the comments you need to make a serializable class to contain the data you want to be foldable. So in my FakeDataBehaviour as a monobehaviour, we have a FakeData class that contains something interesting. We define multiple ones inside my class. In the inspector, these will appear as foldable objects for setting the specific values.
for example:
public class FakeDataBehaviour : MonoBehaviour
{ [System.Serializable] public class Data { string name; float someValue; }
[SerializeField] Data myData1; [SerializeField] Data myData2; // do more stuff... }
answered
Aug 13 '12 at 04:45 PM
znoey
1
edited
Aug 13 '12 at 04:36:
inspector x463
menu x383
asked: Mar 01 '11 at 04:46 PM
Seen: 1294 times
Last Updated: Aug 13 '12 at 04:45 PM
How to create a drop down menu in editor inspector
Inspector scripting, adding lists, checkboxes and buttons [With Image]
How does one inspect static vars?
Why doesn't my ScriptableObject save using a custom EditorWindow?
How to assign a color shown in the "Color" window to a color field in the inspector?
Using arrays in inspector variables
List built-in shaders in inspector
Classes that contain an array of its own type do not appear in the inspector
Customizing the Inspector (Array handling)
Can a custom Inspector serialize a List of derived classes?
EnterpriseSocial Q&A | http://answers.unity3d.com/questions/50040/making-a-collapsible-menu-in-the-inspector.html | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | refinedweb | 431 | 62.48 |
React Getting Started
To use React in production, you need NPM and Node.js
To get an overview of what React is, you can write React code directly in HTML.
But in order to use React in production, you need NPM and Node.js installed.
React Directly in HTML.
Example
Include three CDN's in your HTML file:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <script src=""></script> <script src=""></script> <script src=""></script> <body> <div id="mydiv"></div> <script type="text/babel"> class Hello extends React.Component { render() { return <h1>Hello World!</h1> } } </script> </body> </html>
This way of using React can be OK for testing purposes, but for production you will need to set up a React environment.
Setting up a React Environment
If you have NPM and Node.js installed, you can create a React application by first installing the create-react-app.
If you've already created the create-react-app you can skip this section.
Install create-react-app by running this command in your terminal:
Then you are able to create a React application, let's create one called
myfirstreact.
Run this command to create a React application named
myfirstreact:
The create-react-app will set up everything you need to run a React application.
Run the React Application
Now you are ready to run your first real React application!
Run this command to move to the
myfirstreact directory:
Run this command to run the React application
myfirstreact:
A new browser window will pop up with your newly created React App! If not, open your browser and type
localhost:3000 in the address bar.
The result:
Modify the React Application
So far so good, but how do I change the content?
Look in the
myfirstreact directory, and you will find a
src folder. Inside the
src folder there is a file called
App.js, open it and it will look like this:
/myfirstreact/src/App.js:;
Try changing the HTML content and save the file.
Notice that the changes is visible immediately after you save the file, you do not have to reload the browser!
Example
Replace all the content inside the
<div className="App"> with a
<h1> element.
See the changes in the browser when you click Save.
import React, { Component } from 'react'; class App extends Component { render() { return ( <div className="App"> <h1>Hello World!</h1> </div> ); } } export default App;
Notice that we have removed the imports we do not need (logo.svg and App.css).
The result:
What's Next?
Now you have a React Environment on your computer, and you are ready to learn more about React.
In the rest of this tutorial we will use our Show React tool to explain the various aspects of React, and how they are displayed in the browser.
If you want to follow the same steps on your computer, start by
stripping down the
src folder to only contain
two files:
index.js and
index.html, you should also remove any
unnecessary lines of code inside the two files to make them look like the files in the Show React tool
below:
Example
Click the "Run Example" button to see the result.
index.js:
import React from 'react'; import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'; const myfirstelement = <h1>Hello React!</h1> ReactDOM.render(myfirstelement, document.getElementById('root'));
index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <title>React App</title> </head> <body> <div id="root"></div> </body> </html> | https://www.w3schools.com/react/react_getstarted.asp | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | refinedweb | 581 | 56.35 |
#include <wx/artprov.h>
wx either its wxArtProvider::CreateBitmap() and/or its wxArtProvider::CreateIconBundle() methods and register the provider with wxArtProvider::Push():
If you need bitmap images (of the same artwork) that should be displayed at different sizes you should probably consider overriding wxArtProvider::CreateIconBundle and supplying icon bundles that contain different bitmap sizes.
There's another way of taking advantage of this class: you can use it in your code and use platform native icons as provided by wxArtProvider::GetBitmap or wxArtProvider::GetIcon.
Every bitmap and icon bundle are known to wxArtProvider under an unique ID that is used when requesting a resource from it. The ID is represented by the wxArtID type and can have one of these predefined values (you can see bitmaps represented by these constants in the Art Provider Sample):
Additionally, any string recognized by custom art providers registered using wxArtProvider::Push may be used.
"gtk-cdrom") may be used as well:
/usr/share/icons/hicolor.
The client is the entity that calls wxArtProvider's GetBitmap() or GetIcon() function. It is represented by wxClientID type and can have one of these values:
wxART_TOOLBAR
wxART_MENU
wxART_BUTTON
wxART_FRAME_ICON
wxART_CMN_DIALOG
wxART_HELP_BROWSER
wxART_MESSAGE_BOX
wxART_OTHER(used for all requests that don't fit into any of the categories above)
Client ID serve as a hint to wxArtProvider that is supposed to help it to choose the best looking bitmap. For example it is often desirable to use slightly different icons in menus and toolbars even though they represent the same action (e.g. wxART_FILE_OPEN). Remember that this is really only a hint for wxArtProvider – it is common that wxArtProvider::GetBitmap returns identical bitmap for different client values!
The destructor automatically removes the provider from the provider stack used by GetBitmap().).
This method is similar to CreateBitmap() but can be used when a bitmap (or an icon) exists in several sizes.
Delete the given provider.
Query registered providers for bitmap with given ID.
Same as wxArtProvider::GetBitmap, but return a wxIcon object (or wxNullIcon on failure).
Query registered providers for icon bundle with given ID.
Helper used by several generic classes: return the icon corresponding to the standard wxICON_INFORMATION/WARNING/ERROR/QUESTION flags (only one can be set)
Helper used by GetMessageBoxIcon(): return the art id corresponding to the standard wxICON_INFORMATION/WARNING/ERROR/QUESTION flags (only one can be set)
Returns native icon size for use specified by client hint.
If the platform has no commonly used default for this use or if client is not recognized, returns wxDefaultSize.
Returns a suitable size hint for the given wxArtClient.
If platform_default is true, return a size based on the current platform using GetNativeSizeHint(), otherwise return the size from the topmost wxArtProvider. wxDefaultSize may be returned if the client doesn't have a specified size, like wxART_OTHER for example.
Returns true if the platform uses native icons provider that should take precedence over any customizations.
This is true for any platform that has user-customizable icon themes, currently only wxGTK.
A typical use for this method is to decide whether a custom art provider should be plugged in using Push() or PushBack().
Remove latest added provider and delete it.
Register new art provider and add it to the top of providers stack (i.e.
it will be queried as the first provider). | http://docs.wxwidgets.org/trunk/classwx_art_provider.html | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | refinedweb | 549 | 51.18 |
Your browser does not seem to support JavaScript. As a result, your viewing experience will be diminished, and you may not be able to execute some actions.
Please download a browser that supports JavaScript, or enable it if it's disabled (i.e. NoScript).
import XCoreModeling
import s4l_v1.model as model
block = model.CreateSolidBlock(model.Vec3(-10,-5,-10), model.Vec3(10,10,20))
XCoreModeling.PlanarCut(block, model.Vec3(0,0,0), model.Vec3(1.7,1.2,1.5))
Thanks for posting this Sylvain! I wasn't aware of the XCoreModeling API and I'd been looking for a way to implement object bending from python. This library solves that issue nicely.
You're welcome! Note, however, that functions that are not part of the s4l_v1 module are not checked for backward compatibility between Sim4Life versions and their signatures are in principle allowed to vary (although this is quite rare, in practice). It is recommended to always try to use functions under the s4l_v1 module when possible, since only these are "officially" part of the API.
This said, if you need to bend an object in Sim4Life v4.x or lower, use XCoreModeling.PlanarCut | https://forum.zmt.swiss/topic/30/planar-cut-using-python | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | refinedweb | 195 | 57.57 |
For those who haven’t yet heard of it, TypeScript is a simple extension to JavaScript to add optional types along with all the new ECMAScript features. TypeScript builds on the ECMAScript standard and adds type-checking to make you way more productive through cleaner code and stronger tooling. Your TypeScript code then gets transformed into clean, runnable JavaScript that even older browsers can run.
While there are a variety of ways to get TypeScript set up locally in your project, the easiest way to get started is to try it out on our site or just install it from npm:
npm install -g typescript
If you’re a Visual Studio 2015 user with update 3, you can install TypeScript 2.2 from here. You can also grab this release through NuGet. Support in Visual Studio 2017 will come in a future update.
If you’d rather not wait for TypeScript 2.2 support by default, you can configure Visual Studio Code and our Sublime Text plugin to pick up whatever version you need.
As usual, we’ve written up about new features on our what’s new page, but we’d like to highlight a couple of them.
More quick fixes
One of the areas we focus on in TypeScript is its tooling – tooling can be leveraged in any editor with a plugin system. This is one of the things that makes the TypeScript experience so powerful.
With TypeScript 2.2, we’re bringing even more goodness to your editor. This release introduces some more useful quick fixes (also called code actions) which can guide you in fixing up pesky errors. This includes
- Adding missing imports
- Adding missing properties
- Adding forgotten
this.to variables
- Removing unused declarations
- Implementing abstract members
With just a few of these, TypeScript practically writes your code for you.
As you write up your code, TypeScript can give suggestions each step of the way to help out with your errors.
Expect similar features in the future. The TypeScript team is committed to ensuring that the JavaScript and TypeScript community gets the best tooling we can deliver.
With that in mind, we also want to invite the community to take part in this process. We’ve seen that code actions can really delight users, and we’re very open to suggestions, feedback, and contributions in this area.
The
object type
The
object type is a new type in 2.2 that matches any types except for primitive types. In other words, you can assign anything to the
object type except for
string,
boolean,
number,
symbol, and, when using
strictNullChecks,
null and
undefined.
object is distinct from the
{} type and
Object types in this respect due to structural compatibility. Because the empty object type (
{}) also matches primitives, it couldn’t model APIs like
Object.create which truly only expect objects – not primitives.
object on the other hand does well here in that it can properly reject being assigned a
number.
We’d like to extend our thanks to members of our community who proposed and implemented the feature, including François de Campredon and Herrington Darkholme.
Easier string indexing behavior
TypeScript has a concept called index signatures. Index signatures are part of a type, and tell the type system what the result of an element access should be. For instance, in the following:
interface Foo { // Here is a string index signature: [prop: string]: boolean; } declare const x: Foo; const y = x["hello"];
Foo has a string index signature that says “whenever indexing with a
string, the output type is a
boolean.” The core idea is that index signatures here are meant to model the way that objects often serve as maps/dictionaries in JavaScript.
Before TypeScript 2.2, writing something like
x["propName"] was the only way you could make use of a string index signature to grab a property. A little surprisingly, writing a property access like
x.propName wasn’t allowed. This is slightly at odds with the way JavaScript actually works since
x.propName is semantically the same as
x["propName"]. There’s a reasonable argument to allow both forms when an index signature is present.
In TypeScript 2.2, we’re doing just that and relaxing the old restriction. What this means is that things like testing properties on a JSON object has become dramatically more ergonomic.
interface Config { [prop: string]: boolean; } declare const options: Config; // Used to be an error, now allowed! if (options.debugMode) { // ... }
Better class support for mixins
We’ve always meant for TypeScript to support the JavaScript patterns you use no matter what style, library, or framework you prefer. Part of meeting that goal involves having TypeScript more deeply understand code as it’s written today. With TypeScript 2.2, we’ve worked to make the language understand the mixin pattern.
We made a few changes that involved loosening some restrictions on classes, as well as adjusting the behavior of how intersection types operate. Together, these adjustments actually allow users to express mixin-style classes in ES2015, where a class can extend anything that constructs some object type. This can be used to bridge ES2015 classes with APIs like
Ember.Object.extend.
As an example of such a class, we can write the following:
type Constructable = new (...args: any[]) => object; function Timestamped<BC extends Constructable>(Base: BC) { return class extends Base { private _timestamp = new Date(); get timestamp() { return this._timestamp; } }; }
and dynamically create classes
class Point { x: number; y: number; constructor(x: number, y: number) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } } const TimestampedPoint = Timestamped(Point);
and even extend from those classes
class SpecialPoint extends Timestamped(Point) { z: number; constructor(x: number, y: number, z: number) { super(x, y); this.z = z; } } let p = new SpecialPoint(1, 2, 3); // 'x', 'y', 'z', and 'timestamp' are all valid properties. let v = p.x + p.y + p.z; p.timestamp.getMilliseconds()
The
react-native JSX emit mode
In addition to the
preserve and
react options for JSX, TypeScript now introduces the
react-native emit mode. This mode is like a combination of the two, in that it emits to
.js files (like
--jsx react), but leaves JSX syntax alone (like
--jsx preserve).
This new mode reflects React Native’s behavior, which expects all input files to be
.js files. It’s also useful for cases where you want to just leave your JSX syntax alone but get
.js files out from TypeScript.
Support for
new.target
With TypeScript 2.2, we’ve implemented ECMAScript’s
new.target meta-property.
new.target is an ES2015 feature that lets constructors figure out if a subclass is being constructed. This feature can be handy since ES2015 doesn’t allow constructors to access
this before calling
super().
What’s next?
Our team is always looking forward, and is now hard at work on TypeScript 2.3. While our team’s roadmap should give you an idea of what’s to come, we’re excited for our next release, where we’re looking to deliver
- default types for generics
- async iterator support
- downlevel generator support
Of course, that’s only a preview for now.
We hope TypeScript 2.2 makes you even more productive, and allows you to be even more expressive in your code. Thanks for taking the time to read through, and as always, happy hacking!
Join the conversationAdd Comment
Daniel, do you have an example of mixins which doesn’t rely on inheritance? I wouldn’t necessarily think of this example as a typical mixin scenario, but rather dynamic class definitions. Is it possible with the new capabilities to mix properties and methods in without changing the inheritance hierarchy? and get the strong typing/intellisense?
Hey Rob, there’s two scenarios I think you might be referring to. If you want to simply create a new class whose prototype is merged from several other types (but not necessarily inherit from any of them), check out. Otherwise, you might be looking for a way to add methods to a class’ prototype after the fact, you can “reopen” the type by using class/interface merging. Check out if that’s the case.
That’s nice indeed! what is not so nice is lack of decorator support. Me and my team personally prefer decorators over mixins but as it turns out it isn’t possible to extends Class definition with them, although when used as function wrapper everything works!
Demo:
Any suggestions?
Btw terrific job with new release! thx a lot guys 🙂
Hey, Daniel, thanks for the examples! Sorry for the noobish questions (I’m quite new to TS), but how can I mix an arbitrary number of classes? I couldn’t get it working with `extend(extend(A, B), C)`. I tried `reduce`ing a list of classes like this:
`
function extend(…classes) {
return classes.reduce(function (mixed: Constructor & ST, mixin: Constructor & SU) {
Object.assign(mixed, mixin);
Object.assign(mixed.prototype, mixin.prototype);
return mixed as Constructor & ST & SU;
}, class { });
}
`
It seems to work, but at the cost of having to leave the argument type as `any`. Am I doing it right?
Another (noobish) question: Are `propA` and `propB` supposed to be left out of the result? They don’t make it to the “mixed” class even if I declare a constructor (eg. `constructor(propA: number) { this.propA = propA }`).
Thanks in advance!
I still prefer this way to have mixin…
Question, when will I be able to do something like this:
interface Point {
x:number;
y:number;
}
let pointData = {x:12, y:45}; // fetched from a REST API for example
let myPoint = {…point}
I am not sure i understand the request. Object spread operator is already supported as of TypeScript 2.1.
Great work!
Love the new mixin design! Amazing work. But I can’t use property / method decorators? 🙁
Logged here
It looks like from the animation that there’s a keybinding for bringing up the dropdown for adding missing imports, etc. What is it? 🙂
In VSCode the shortcut is Ctrl+.
“Support in Visual Studio 2017 will come in a future update”.
Which would be when? RTM on March 7? Update to the RC?
Seriously… when? VS 2017 installed and just waiting to install latest TypeScript.
Unfortunately “Visual Studio 2017 ships with a built in version of TypeScript. The current version is TS2.1. Newer versions of TS will be available throughout the VS update vehicles in the future; and will not be available as out of band installers like in VS2015 and VS2013.” – Mohamed Hegazy
See
What? Looks like I’m rolling back to 2015 🙁
Well great. I’m rolling back to 2015. That’s ridiculous.
> object is distinct from the {} type and Object types
I think TypeScript books will sell quite well given enough time.
Great work!
Should the new Quick Fixes work with the current version of VSCode (1.9.1)?
If so, could you describe steps to make the “Adding missing imports” Quick Fix work?
Quick fixes will be exposed in the next version of VS Code, and Ctrl+. is the shortcut key to use them. They will appear as an option when your cursor sits over an error with a quickfix.
I would love an option to not allow raw JavaScript code in my TypeScript. IMO, the default should be to not allow mixed TypeScript/JavaScript in my TypeScript files. However, the ability to set this with a config setting would work just as well.
As always, this is the most brilliant thing in web development. Thank you. Looking forward to 2.3 already.
Oops, obviously that’s not meant as a reply to Jeffery P.
But while I’m here… what is raw JavaScript code and why don’t you want it in your TypeScript?
TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript so all JavaScript _is_ TypeScript.
but not all Javascript is COMPILABLE Typescript
Installed the latest release for Visual Studio 2015, but do not see Quick Fixes. Are they supposed to work in it? If not, will they?
Quick fixes are only available in VSCode (1.10), and in the next release of VS 2017. They are not supported in VS 2015 at the time being.
Hi,
I love the changes, great work! I was checking TS2.2 locally in VSCode and was wondering whether it’s possible to make the “adding missing imports” quick fix work when the module system is set to none?
Example:
common.ts:
module MyCompany.MyApplication.Module.Common {
export class ArgumentParser {
public name: string;
}
}
main.ts:
module MyCompany.MyApplication.Module.Main {
var argumentParser = new SharedClass();
}
SharedClass gets marked as an error in main.ts and Ctrl+. should offer to add import SharedClass = MyCompany.MyApplication.Module.Common.SharedClass; just above it.
Is this intentionally left out?
The class name should be SharedClass in common.ts.
We haven’t implemented that functionality yet. Recently we’ve had a focus on modules (formerly called “external modules”) rather than namespaces (formerly “internal modules”).
Thanks a lot for the fantastic work guys !
Typescript and VSCode are what reconciled me with JavaScript and web development in general.
It’s improving each day, and in very smart ways IMHO.
Keep the awesomeness going !
No auto imports in vs2015 ?
You guys really do a great job!
Great work but pleeease add VS 2017 support for Quick Fixes
I guess quality is still job SP1.
This new indexing behavior makes me sad.
In Typescript, I take foo[“bar”] as meaning “I think the variable foo has a bar property, but I’m not sure”, or “dynamically access the property bar of foo”.
I take foo.bar as meaning “I’m sure the variable foo has a bar property – and if I’m wrong, I expect you to tell me”, or “statically access the property bar of foo”.
You just broke that 🙁
What an idiot you should be to announce whone new Visual Studio 2017 that can’t support latest Typescrpt (2.2 released 2 month ago, 2.3 is RC) because it is HARDCODED??? MS in it’s own style…
How to export mixin class? The following code
export type Constructor = new(…args: any[]) => T;
export default
(Superclass: S) => class Pluggable extends Superclass {…}
generates this error
error TS4082: Default export of the module has or is using private name ‘Pluggable’. | https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/typescript/2017/02/22/announcing-typescript-2-2/ | CC-MAIN-2017-30 | refinedweb | 2,375 | 66.44 |
I am writing a custom module. I want to compute the batch statistics (like running mean in Batch Normalization) by the main GPU and then distributed to other GPUs. How to share a value across different GPUs?
If you want to manually send different payloads to the GPU each one you just had to do:
(tensorX or model).to(“cuda:0”)
(tensorX or model).to(“cuda:1”)
Then you manage each model manually on your code.
But if you prefer this information are done automatic, you just set your devide to “cuda” this will use all your GPUs and wrap your model on DataParallel and the job will be split on the GPUs
device = “cuda”
model = MyModel()
model.to(device)
model = DataParallel(model)
I run a model on multi-GPU. I define a custom convolutional layer. One of the parameters in the convolution is updated by some formula in the main GPU. After updating this parameter, I need to send the new value of this parameter to other GPU. But how to do this?
Hi …
about the data tensor, you also need to send to device, then if it’s a matrix the pytoch will manage to split the matrix in a half for each GPU.
Example:
But if you are trying to control each GPU individually then you need to create a sub model of each set of GPU and just send the information to the specific device
You can use torch.distributed for this purpose(tutorial), over all steps should be like that:
I commented parts that are not directly related to sending data.
- a function that creates communication channel for distributed computing, simply help each GPU/CPU/Node to find each other, we will use a file that everyone can write, (file should not exists before this function runs)
def init_processes(rank, size, fn, backend="gloo"): """ Initialize the distributed environment. """ print("started init at{}".format(rank)) # we need those so process can talk to each other including over a network dist.init_process_group(backend,init_method='',rank=rank,world_size=size) print("end init at{}".format(rank))
- Then you will create n process to handle n GPUs:
if __name__ == "__main__": #lets say you have two gpu size = 2 processes = [] for rank in range(size): # each process have a rank starting from 0 and they will be in charge of each gpu # each of them will call a function named run after they setup communication channel p = Process(target=init_processes, args=(rank, size, run)) p.start() processes.append(p) for p in processes: p.join()
- Now you will write a function that will handle rest of the stuff in each GPU, probably you already have code that covers training etc, you will wrap them by that function so each GPU does the training. When it comes to your custom model, it should also accept a parameter that indicates if it is running on the main GPU, then it will calculate and send data to other GPUs
def run(rank, size): torch.manual_seed(1234) #read data # create the model model = Net() # choose an optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), # lr=0.01, momentum=0.5) # start training for epoch in range(10): epoch_loss = 0.0 # for data, target in train_set: #optimizer.zero_grad() output = model(data,rank) # here your model will get rank of the gpu as an input #loss = F.nll_loss(output, target) #epoch_loss += loss.item() #loss.backward() #average_gradients(model) #optimizer.step() #print('Rank ', dist.get_rank(), ', epoch ', #epoch, ': ', epoch_loss / num_batches)
- Then your custom module will handle calculation of that value and sending to others,, rank): """ In the forward function we accept a Tensor of input data and we must return a Tensor of output data. We can use Modules defined in the constructor as well as arbitrary operators on Tensors. """ if rank ==0: myvalue=calculate_that_important_statistic() # send it to other GPUs, myvalue should be a tensor myvalue = torch.tensor(myvalue) torch.distributed.broadcast(myvalue,rank) else: myvalue = torch.zeros(1) torch.distributed.broadcast(myvalue,rank) # use myvalue here #h_relu = self.linear1(x).clamp(min=0) #y_pred = self.linear2(h_relu) #return y_pred
I find that BatchNorm has similar behavior. When using the DataParallel, BatchNorm update running mean and running variance at each replica. However, each replica free the running mean and running variance buffer at the end of the iteration. Moreover, weights and buffers of the replica on device[0] share storage with those of the input model! Therefore, BatchNorm only uses the batch statistics on device[0], and DataParallel will replicate the weight and buffer to other GPUs. | https://discuss.pytorch.org/t/how-to-share-a-value-across-different-gpu/28633 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | refinedweb | 754 | 54.83 |
Library to control a Saleae
Project description
This library implements the control protocol for the Saleae Logic Analyzer. It is based off of the documentation and example here:
IMPORTANT: You must enable the ‘Remote Scripting Server’ in Saleae. Click on “Options” in the top-right, the “Developer” tab, and check “Enable scripting socket server”. This should not require a restart.
This library requires Saleae Logic 1.2.x or greater. Unfortunately there is no way to check the version of Logic running using the scripting protocol so this is difficult to check at runtime.
Currently, this is basically a direct mapping of API calls with some small sanity checking and conveniences. It has not been extensively tested beyond my immediate needs, but it also should not have any known problems.
To get a feel for how the library works and what it can do, try the built-in demo:
#!/usr/bin/env python3 import saleae saleae.demo()
Issues, updates, pull requests, etc should be directed to github.
Installation
The easiest method is to simply use pip:
(sudo) pip install saleae
Usage
import saleae s = saleae.Saleae() s.capture_to_file('/tmp/test.logicdata')
Project details
Release history Release notifications
Download files
Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages. | https://pypi.org/project/saleae/ | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | refinedweb | 218 | 57.57 |
A rule engine for Django apps.
Project Description
A tool to manage logical rules throughout your application. Logical rules are more powerful than permission or rule tables because they are written in python. Register a rule once and work with it throughout your app, from templates to generic view mixins. Instead of cluttering your models with rule-style and permission-style methods define those rules in rules.py and then get easy access to them in your views and templates.
Installation
Use pip to install from PyPI:
pip install django-logical-rules
Add logical_rules to your settings.py file:
INSTALLED_APPS = ( ... 'logical_rules', ... )
Additional Requirements
If you want to use the messaging features install Django messages framework.
Configuration
Rules are defined in rules.py files within your apps. Here’s an example of a rule:
import logical_rules def user_can_edit_mymodel(object, user): """ Confirms a user can edit a specific model ...owners only! """ return object.owner == user logical_rules.site.register("user_can_edit_mymodel", user_can_edit_mymodel)
To include your models in the registry you will need to do run the autodiscover, a bit like django.contrib.admin (I generally put this in urls.py):
import logical_rules logical_rules.autodiscover()
Usage
Template Tag
Once you have created a rule, it’s easy to use anywhere in your templates:
{% load logical_rules_tags %} {% testrule user_can_edit_mymodel object request.user %} <p>You are the owner!</p> {% endtestrule %}
Note: Don’t use quotes around the rule name in the template.
RulesMixin
If you are extending Django’s class-based generic views, you might find this mixin useful. It allows you to define rules that should be applied before rendering a view. Here’s an example usage:
class MyView(RulesMixin, DetailView): def update_logical_rules(self): super(MyView, self).update_logical_rules() self.add_logical_rule({ 'name': 'user_can_edit_mymodel', 'param_callbacks': [ ('object', 'get_object'), ('user', 'get_request_user') ] })
param_callbacks are our technique for getting the parameters for your rule. These are assumed to be methods on your class. get_request_user() is defined in RuleMixin since it’s so common. get_object() is a method on the DetailView class.
Rule dictionaries can have other properties, like redirect_url and response_callback. If redirect_url is defined, then the view will return an HttpResponseRedirect to that URL. If response_callback is defined, then the view will return the result of that method.
Messaging integration is possible with message and message_level options.
Finally, we’ve added two commonly used rules. As an optional substitute for login_required, we have user_is_authenticated and to test a generic expression, we have evaluate_expression.
Direct Calling
import logical_rules if logical_rules.site.test_rule(rule['name'], arg1, arg2): print "passed" else: print "failed"
Download Files
Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages. | https://pypi.org/project/django-logical-rules/ | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | refinedweb | 439 | 51.34 |
Coding a Rotating Image Slideshow w/ CSS3 and jQuery.
HTML
Following the tradition, we will first lay down the HTML markup of the slideshow. The main container element is the #slideShowContainer div, which holds the #slideShow div and the previous / next links (turned into arrows with CSS).
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http- <title>Rotating Slideshow With jQuery and CSS3 | Tutorialzine Demo</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/styles.css" /> </head> <body> <div id="slideShowContainer"> <div id="slideShow"> <ul> <li><img src="img/photos/1.jpg" width="100%" alt="Fish" /></li> <li><img src="img/photos/2.jpg" width="100%" alt="Ancient" /></li> <li><img src="img/photos/3.jpg" width="100%" alt="Industry" /></li> <li><img src="img/photos/4.jpg" width="100%" alt="Rain" /></li> </ul> </div> <a id="previousLink" href="#">»</a> <a id="nextLink" href="#">«</a> </div> <script src=""></script> <script src="js/jquery.rotate.js"></script> <script src="js/script.js"></script> </body> </html>
The slides are defined as LI elements inside of an unordered list. Notice that the width of the images is set to 100%. This way they will scale according to the width of the #slideShow div.
At the bottom, we include the jQuery library, our own script.js file, and the jQuery rotate plugin. We are using the plugin, so we can work with CSS3 rotations in a cross-browser fashion, as you will see in the last step of this tutorial.
CSS
This layout relies heavily on relative and absolute positioning. You can see the styling of the slideshow below.
styles.css
#slideShowContainer{ width:510px; height:510px; position:relative; margin:120px auto 50px; } #slideShow{ position:absolute; height:490px; width:490px; background-color:#fff; margin:10px 0 0 10px; z-index:100; -moz-box-shadow:0 0 10px #111; -webkit-box-shadow:0 0 10px #111; box-shadow:0 0 10px #111; } #slideShow ul{ position:absolute; top:15px; right:15px; bottom:15px; left:15px; list-style:none; overflow:hidden; } #slideShow li{ position:absolute; top:0; left:0; width:100%; height:100%; } #slideShowContainer > a{ border:none; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-99999px; overflow:hidden; width:36px; height:37px; background:url('../img/arrows.png') no-repeat; position:absolute; top:50%; margin-top:-21px; } #previousLink{ left:-38px; } #previousLink:hover{ background-position:bottom left; } a#nextLink{ right:-38px; background-position:top right; } #nextLink:hover{ background-position:bottom right; }
Although the #slideShow div is set to a width of 490px, its full size is actually 510px. This 20px difference scales down the slide images (as they are locked to the width of the #slideShow div), which are reduced from their normal size of 480px down to 460px. As you will see in the next step, we are using a jQuery animation to zoom in the slideshow to its full size. This way, even at full zoom, the images are actually at their regular size and there is no loss of quality.
jQuery
Although most modern browsers support CSS3 rotation, it is still rather tedious to work with the various vendor-specific properties. Luckily, there are plugins available that handle the cross-browser nonsense for us. I chose the jQuery rotate plugin, as it also integrates perfectly with the animate() and css() methods of the library, which means we can easily animate the rotation of elements. As you will see in a moment, we are using this in our custom rotateContainer event, which rotates the #slideShow div.
script.js – Part 1
$(document).ready(function(){ var slideShow = $('#slideShow'), ul = slideShow.find('ul'), li = ul.find('li'), cnt = li.length; // As the images are positioned absolutely, the last image will be shown on top. // This is why we force them in the correct order by assigning z-indexes: updateZindex(); if($.support.transform){ // Modern browsers with support for css3 transformations li.find('img').css('rotate',function(i){ // Rotating the images counter-clockwise return (-90*i) + 'deg'; }); // Binding a custom event. the direction and degrees parameters // are passed when the event is triggered later on in the code. slideShow.bind('rotateContainer',function(e,direction,degrees){ // Zooming in the slideshow: slideShow.animate({ width : 510, height : 510, marginTop : 0, marginLeft : 0 },'fast',function(){ if(direction == 'next'){ // Moving the topmost image containing Li at // the bottom after a fadeOut animation $('li:first').fadeOut('slow',function(){ $(this).remove().appendTo(ul).show(); updateZindex(); }); } else { // Showing the bottommost Li element on top // with a fade in animation. Notice that we are // updating the z-indexes. var liLast = $('li:last').hide().remove().prependTo(ul); updateZindex(); liLast.fadeIn('slow'); } // Rotating the slideShow. css('rotate') gives us the // current rotation in radians. We are converting it to // degrees so we can add +90 or -90. slideShow.animate({ rotate:Math.round($.rotate.radToDeg(slideShow.css('rotate'))+degrees) + 'deg' },'slow').animate({ width : 490, height : 490, marginTop : 10, marginLeft : 10 },'fast'); }); }); // By triggering the custom events below, we can // show the previous / next images in the slideshow. slideShow.bind('showNext',function(){ slideShow.trigger('rotateContainer',['next',90]); }); slideShow.bind('showPrevious',function(){ slideShow.trigger('rotateContainer',['previous',-90]); }); }
I am using jQuery’s $.support object to test whether the visitor’s browser supports CSS3 transformations. We are only going to display the rotation in browsers with transformation support, like the newer versions of Firefox, Chrome, Safari and Opera, while falling back to a plain fade in/out version of the slideshow in the rest.
Internet Explorer does provide a solution for rotating elements via its proprietary filter syntax, but it can’t handle the technique we are using for this slideshow. So, in effect, you are going to see a working slideshow in any browser, but only enjoy the fancy version in those that have support for it.
In the code above, you can see that we are binding a number of custom events. showNext and showPrevious are what we are using to control the slideshow. These in turn execute the rotateContainer event, and pass the direction and degrees as parameters (you could merge them into a single parameter, but I find it clearer this way).
script.js – Part 2
else{ // Fallback for Internet Explorer and older browsers slideShow.bind('showNext',function(){ $('li:first').fadeOut('slow',function(){ $(this).remove().appendTo(ul).show(); updateZindex(); }); }); slideShow.bind('showPrevious',function(){ var liLast = $('li:last').hide().remove().prependTo(ul); updateZindex(); liLast.fadeIn('slow'); }); } // Listening for clicks on the arrows, and // triggering the appropriate event. $('#previousLink').click(function(){ if(slideShow.is(':animated')){ return false; } slideShow.trigger('showPrevious'); return false; }); $('#nextLink').click(function(){ if(slideShow.is(':animated')){ return false; } slideShow.trigger('showNext'); return false; }); // This function updates the z-index properties. function updateZindex(){ // The CSS method can take a function as its second argument. // i is the zero-based index of the element. ul.find('li').css('z-index',function(i){ return cnt-i; }); } });
In the second part of the code, you can see the fragment that is executed only in browsers that do not support CSS3 transformations. Notice that in this case, we also define the same showNext and showPrevious events, but here they just fade in / out the images, without starting a rotation.
The updateZindex() function is important, as otherwise the slides would be displayed in reverse order. This function loops through the elements in the order they currently are, and assigns a z-index property, so they are displayed correctly.
With this our Rotating Slideshow is complete!
Conclusion
Using jQuery we created a beautiful rotating slideshow, with which you can showcase your images and add a bit of interactivity to your pages.
How would you improve this example? Be sure to share your thoughts in the comment section below.
43 Comments
Nice tutorial as always.
very nice !!!
very nice piece of work thanks for the tutorial
Awesome technique. Will definitely incorporate this on a future website!
Very nice slideshow effect! Bookmarked!
Nice example and good to see and learn how to write proper code. But don't think I could use it in any of my projects, just too playful.
I discovered that the people want a simple gallery. even the good "old" lightbox gallery is somehow too much.
All I can say is great tutorial.
Very nice use of Javascript closure in UpdateCSS function.
its really cool.........i like it.
thank u........
i like to learn such new things...........
Really Fun
This is a really great tutorial.. thanks..!!
great....
Great Tut !!!
Great tutorial as usual! I hope to try this out my portfolio page.
Thanks for sharing!
Unusual way to show pictures in the slideshow.
However there are not many websites where that kind of slideshow could be used.
Of course I'm aware that this is not the only effect that can be used:)
Cheers.
Rotating don't work on Internet Explorer 9.
Awesome, but not very smooth in Firefox
I like this tutorial very much
hohohoho...its a cool
thanks^^
WOW! Great tutorial.
It looks the best in Safari (impressive)
Best regards!
amazing :)
Look really amazing :)
This is awesome !!!!!!!!!!!!
Great tutorial and great rotating css 3 and jquery effect I love it for one of my sites, thank you!
Very beautiful effect. Your site rocks!
That's a very nice gallery, really nice transition. Thanks.
hello, how I can do to automatically change the image every 30 seconds?
You might find this article interesting. If you follow the steps you should be able to make this slideshow auto-advance as well.
no, do not succeed
You could use this Jquery plugin to get the rotation working in IE as well:
If you have other after the slider, the script will start removing the other on your page. To fix this,
replace:
with:
in the:
slideShow.bind('showPrevious',function(){
Hi, Great tutorial and really nice affects. I'm having a problem, though, in the rotate.js -- in the function UpdateZindex() -- it's updating the z-index for ALL the ul's on the page preceding the /div that I want to be rotated. Any ideas on how to limit the z-index update to just the slideshow /div???
Not sure if you figured it out, but I figured I'd post the solution as others may run into the same problem. Basically the script.js code was not correctly identifying which list items to make changes too. So you have to explicitly state it via the IDs.
Make the following changes
Declarations: var slideShow = $('#slideShow'),
ul = $('#slideShow ul'),
li = $('#slideShow li'),
cnt = li.length;
Line 41: $('#slideShow li:first').fadeOut('slow',function(){
Line 89: $('#slideShow li:first').fadeOut('slow',function(){
Line 96: var liLast = $('#slideShow li:last').hide().remove().prependTo(ul);
Actually, you don't need to make the changes to the declarations area... just the three specific lines.
thanks! i don't want the rotation, so i took out a chunk of code and still have a beautiful, functional slideshow (surprising how hard it can be to find that!).
I have a problem with the gallery if I usemore than of 8 pictures.
Apparently the UpdateZindex() stop to work properly and I have a 90° rotation every time the user press the next button. You can see the problem if you test the demo.
Any ideas?
I also have the same problem, if I have more than 4 images at the end of the first cycle <li>, the second cycle, I see the images rotated by 90 ° in the direction, how do I fix this problem?
I wanted to thank you for this! With some small jiggering, I managed to implement this for great effect for a client! It's a totally awesome script!
Pretty cool scripting!
I too am seeing odd rotation--I think a bit different from the above reports (using Firefox 13). With 18 images listed, going through the second time rotates them 180 degrees (and back to normal on a third go-round). Cutting back to four images results in a 90 degree rotation with each cycle.
Also, I'm not crazy about the handling of non-square images, as I see either end of the next image crisscrossed underneath the present image at any given time. Is there any way to eliminate this (without just cropping my images to squares)?
hello
can we use this for both personal and commercial for free?
Thanks & Regards
Nadeem
I am having the flip problem with over four graphics as well, sorry to be doing a 'me too', but can anybody give me a fix, please?
TIA
Keith
Hi. I need to make this slide to autoplay.
I am a beginer in javascript.
Can somebady help me to make this script to autoplay? I meen this script.
THX.
very good,I like it
First of all a big thanks for your effort! I have little knowledge of html&css (just started), but your tutorial helped me include a proper slideshow in my homepage. But I also have the problem, that the pics get rotated wrong after you went through the slideshow the first time. I tried to google the prob but with little to no success. Isnt there a way of defining the last picture in the slideshow as such, so the show would stop at the end?
Please give me a little tip how to do it or where to look it up!
Greetings from Germany!
Great script, but there is an error on line 41 of script.js.
If I have more than one <ul> on my website it clone the first of it.
It must be
instead of | http://tutorialzine.com/2010/11/rotating-slideshow-jquery-css3/ | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | refinedweb | 2,240 | 66.94 |
To be precise, when u start your namenode it would construct it's namespace. As datanodes startup
and send block reports the namespace gets constructed. During this time namenode is in safemode.
If your namenode is insafe mode for long time that means some datanodes are yet to report
their state.
Lohit
On Sep 25, 2008, at 6:17 PM, "Edward J. Yoon" <edwardyoon@apache.org> wrote:
The name node safe mode means that the name node is not changing the
state of the
file system. Meta data is read-only, and block replication / removal
is not taking place.
On Fri, Sep 26, 2008 at 5:46 AM, Sangmin Lee <sangmin.dev@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi folks,
I am wondering why it is not allowed to modify namespace info in safemode.
Especially rename, mkdir, and severals seems okay to be executed in
safemode.
I appreciate your help in advance.
Sangmin
--
Best regards, Edward J. Yoon
edwardyoon@apache.org | http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/hadoop-common-dev/200809.mbox/%3C542042.31455.qm@web53609.mail.re2.yahoo.com%3E | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | refinedweb | 158 | 67.45 |
If A<:B, I understand that means A is a subtype and B a supertype, I thought I use A in place of B anywhere B is needed because it has inherited all of its properties from B. Now here is my problem
type One
type Two
type Three
type Four
type Five
type Six
type Seven
type Eight
type Fun1 = { val a: One } => { val b: Two }
type Fun2 = { val b: Two } => { val a: One }
type SuperType = {
??
}
type TypeOne = {
def apply: { val func: Fun1 ; val c: Three } => { val b: Two ; val d: Four }
val g: Seven
}
type TypeTwo = {
def apply: { val func: Fun2 ; val e: Five } => { val b: Two ; val f: Six }
val h: Eight
}
def apply: {val func: Fun1}=>{val b: Two}
The only possible relationship I see between
Fun1 and
Fun2 is that they're both functions, so I guess
SuperType is a function with generic arguments. I tried to stick as much as possible to the style you exposed in your snipped (although Scala offers much more idiomatic ways to define type hierarchies).
type SuperType = { type A type B def apply: { val a: A } => { val b: B } } type Fun1 <: SuperType { type A = One type B = Two } type Fun2 <: SuperType { type A = Two type B = One } | https://codedump.io/share/UcGi10ucToU9/1/how-to-find-supertype-in-scala | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | refinedweb | 208 | 55.24 |
Shape Shape Shape Shape Class
Definition
public : class Shape : FrameworkElement, IShape, IShape2
struct winrt::Windows::UI::Xaml::Shapes::Shape : FrameworkElement, IShape, IShape2
public class Shape : FrameworkElement, IShape, IShape2
Public Class Shape Inherits FrameworkElement Implements IShape, IShape2
- Inheritance
-
- Attributes
-
Windows 10 requirements
Examples
For example code of how to use Shape derived classes such as Rectangle and Path, see XAML vector-based drawing sample.
Remarks
Shape defines several properties that are shared by all the Shape derived classes. The most commonly used properties are Fill, Stroke, and StrokeThickness. Stroke uses a Brush to draw the outline of the shape, and Fill uses a Brush to draw the interior. For more info on how to use the Shape derived classes in XAML UI, see Draw shapes.
Shape also derives from FrameworkElement and inherits various properties from that class. Those properties include Height and Width. For most other FrameworkElement derived types, setting Height and Width is the primary way to specify that element's dimensions in UI (although you often would leave them as "Auto" to take advantage of adaptive layout). But not all of the Shape classes use Height or Width to specify their dimensions, and instead use specific properties that might define a set of points. In this case a Height or Width is calculated for layout, but you shouldn't attempt to set the Height or Width. See the remarks or descriptions in specific Shape derived classes for more info.
Because the Shape derived classes are UI elements they can be used as content for containers such as controls and panels. They have practical presence in the UI; for example they are hit-testable with input events, they report desired size for layout, and so on. There are other graphics definition classes for XAML that aren't UI elements. These mostly exist in the Windows.UI.Xaml.Media namespace. Examples of such graphics classes are the Geometry types, PathFigure types and PathSegment types.
Shape derived classes
Shape is the parent class for several immediately derived classes that define primitive shapes for use as UI elements:
- Ellipse
- Line
- Path
- Polygon
- Polyline
- Rectangle Of these, Rectangle, Path and Ellipse are probably the most commonly used. Rectangle is often used as part of control composition for drawing a focus rectangle. Path is used for control glyphs, and also for PathIcon content. Ellipse is used for control compositions that include a circle, particularly in progress controls. | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/uwp/api/Windows.UI.Xaml.Shapes.Shape | CC-MAIN-2019-04 | refinedweb | 402 | 51.68 |
400 Related Items Related Items: Ocala morning banner Preceded by: Ocala banner-lacon Full Text Y'"f' '(:: ,.t.t;; _. : < : :.; ;;, ;: :; j" .: { ..:l ". ; : ., : ., :_ '''; : :?" ; -h_. . i ; : ; .. :., t :, :. : : .:'--'Jf .,;, : ; : ; .- : ;- :; };:,: :::: :::.:; ;: l.rr j :lit ; M ., 4. " ,,,.J i: :;{ ; ",-; :m 1l \ 5}; ii'if4: i. ; ; .t (rf; 1 lf 1ff! r :: :fJ- :: i' y ' ..., .. 1t: ""' 'Io... ", 'f1f.'i'fjJt. ,"' ", .';'j. ,, -. ,,,, "- ., F , : 7 '' . .--. ,, -\,...., "ir'J,",' -' .'U. 'f' ,ti" : 'H.. '", .. 7. _-v;;f;:: --, .j; : ...,. "'' .ii.! ". ... j':{. < 1"<'-_. / i' "': :; : !! < \ '!> r' J .) 5- "'" i.J " ,r:: ,/!! n S5iv,, ,*l< j. ,.; ; .... I ..'?.:, :-4'\>:_- .,<.-,,..';,I. -, > .. ' ,-o:,.., ._ '!11'- '-.r ," "-'-__ :. .,,.,!" _-Iio.W. ', ''''.'diil',U'I' ,, 16 > '. t ,.' . . ',10'-r.t'...'M 7"1, ..' if' ,, 1: \.' 7NB' -.it', "a!. !' .. " ,,* ...., .,, -.11., I- : '<'': Zi .' .. . } 4 , T' ,, , ., if' ' .f- ; <"! ' : 1- tLrcT 1w .ff .. -!! .r f". '" T : q.. ': !, ; 1:. '/.;,: ;.. t'4 . I -- : -- -- "' .. ". '"" ,....,. ,.. , _- ,i: '>- ; : '..,'-THE)iF iVgP iPER"PSAT' ,I5'IT; '; "B"9 :;A 3iAP:OF BBE sy'iIFEtI1; '' YPT TIONS D'V ST 'CONCERNa"-c: 9WPE t .'. '. .H_' _' \ ;: .:L'?; ,, . ::; 'VL.' 41.,' TO.:I8, OCALA FLORIDA FRI1)4YO" JTOBER'26.- 1 06. .... .. : ,','.""' '. -, t' Ot\E: T.QTitiAH A YEAR ii> f - *r*' '. . .. , !'>' ".. .-1.-. ,. HYMENEAL I I THc' LAW. OF. THE ,-C SE, --.., ., .-. h, ... "-_-_'_h '.-- ., ,." .. .u ",-- -"-, _.,. .,. .. ,"'.'___. .. _.,. '. .' __, .. -- ., - : .KODAKSVl ", "' 'i, >.,' Taylor-McCoy.Miss Ample Power ; Restrain the Drain : , -- ": ,:.' :' .. . -; ' ; Maggie McCoy, daughter ,of I age Commissioners The" :: ," busy.season '; Mr., and Mrs. R. D. :McCoy .of Ista- ; : ,: + t' ,' : ;:: ehatta, and Mr. Pierce; Taylor, )were : The statement 'Is frequently made .rt. . . that the board of drainage commissioners married at the home, of the' ,bride's I I - 'grandmother, Mrs. Ida Peters, Oct. in addition to being granted I 1. ) : ; May make it -. ) : ; : 14, 1906' at' 9 o'clock. !I exlraordinarjr- powers, are not respons'bie" necessary"fot youto- f '(k' .': -. -ANDPHOTOGRAPHIC- : -. It was a quiet wedding there, being to the legislature or anybodyelse borrow ' ; , ii1'> ':>" 'only'a. few relatives and friends pres- I for their actions: some money*, We are ready to ; > ent.. This is ah error; arising'generally , ; : GOODS i The, bride Is one of Istachatta'smost from, ignorance doubtless; but an error accommodate all legitimate lines of '.J'', -, 'popular young 'ladies .and has all the same. It is ,true taat the ,ir*r many loving traits of character, which smenoment, -.does not ,specify that the industry and trade 1 AT THE :}have won many friends for, her The commissioners shall make reports to ' :groom was formerly of Lake >City, .the legislature, but there are ample 3SfcPOST; :haying been. jn Istachatta only a few '1'ovisions for; ,this is the state consti MUNROE & HAMBLISSt : _ OFFICE! DRUG STORE .I monthsbut during, that time he has tt-tion, which is iiot set aside by the , :ii- -, : proven himself to 'bet a young man of amendments for while'-the amendment BANKERS I many .sterling qualities. creates, a board and, confers upon it " } \ cErtain powers, it does hot relieve 0(;" ::::_:'-,'- ::-: ,- :.::;::.::_-_= ,:, _: .. .:'..::;:"" .:" ":'",::: ',_': : ::' :- :. : :' _':_' _ fJ.- ': .'0; '. Cobb-Mcleran. the individuals composing }Jt of their . duties under the constitution and laws - Last Thursday night MrAlbert E.< I k f' ... "- Cobb and Miss Nellie McLeran were of the state. Back of all stands the Albert Williamson on the Broward-i:r ' '. i: >"''- :: r "- married at the residence of'the bride's power ,of the legislature, to impeachand Beard Debate. I 1rR..P , -' _' :.o parents, Mr. and stirs A. McLeran, remove from i office any man on "Candor is a vice as well as a virtue - ';:. ': :-: '' ; ; : :; ,,: The 'wedding was a beautiful home that board for misfeasance (or mal ," but if some friend would ask QS ? >.., our candid opinion would we be '<'! In . event and there were several atten- feasance) office, even though a .j: ,rescriptioijs Carefully. Filled > cunipnled to acknowledge; Brow _ : ,.,. .. ,, dants. specific 'crii should not be committed - -Jt r made and , t -;;\- _' The young: bride is .the daughter of and, again, the liability of any offic1avwho'ls a monkey of John Beard _ one of the most influential men in guilty of a violation of iu, that drainage 'debate last Thursday . >>a EHIKGS! ABouT TOWN Frank Durand tame up from Dunne that section. He is' a prominent law, to be tried in the courts as a .n??ht. We Have Now in Stock . 1.t" \' '' "" ", -- _" lon to spend Sunday with his Methodist 'and attended the conference common ,1 elon, In addition to removal Mr. Beard is eminently capable of '-t _Y s t I SARAVSLIZABETH HARRIS. mother. l : in this city last ,winter as a ,. forever. from office in the state. of making college a finished'professors.address But to he a board is the Most Complete Line of ; \ Local' Editor., lay delegate from his church. More than this the constitution and no s -"r' : '. Mrs. James Engesser went down The groom is in business with the the laws :specify :duties upon the officers match for Broward in the rough and RINGS that Can Be Found ' ., to tumble elements Florida : Dunnellon Monday to jgin Mrs En. bride's ,father and they will maketheir, composing the proposed board _politics. , r,Mr.'J.,N* Strobhar..- of 'pannasot kee, gesser who has recently taken up home at Wellborn. that they-should: not evade, assuming We once heard a noted evangelistsay Anywhere. .* ) ''!a8'n'the. : city Monday. his residence in the Phosphate City. they should desire to do so. that the devil never went neaTer , j of the ; \ a'certain,little.village than a high hilt] f Making .a Plaything, Supreme The drainage commission wouldbe Call and See Them L, r.Br. Win. .S.i1i 1aIr was up Monday Prof, P. Wilson Green of, Belle- Court. composed of the 'governor, the overlooking it; that he simply looked * :.'fpm his-orange, grove, at Candler. view and Mr W., A. Re 'Utof The New York World prints ,this. comptroller, the treasurer the attor- on and saw that everything was goingon Citra, 'were, among'the enterprising from its Washington correspondent: ney general and' the commissioner of as well as he could wish and "went Sr4 ,Mr..:Alex Holly;' o( Orlando, made a Marion. countyites in the city Monday "President Roosevelt is In search agriculture 'of the state. his 'way rejoicing. - V-; flying business! trip to our. city Mon ; So it TO'; >-**'' tM1 drainage for J1/man to fill the vacancy in the All 'except the;governor are bonded proposltion. . SSfc day,..:' supreme court created by the .retirement officials-the treasurer in. the' sum of Its friends make: appointmentsto If (" ', Mr. Sam Christian has gone. to'.his of 'Associate..Justice Brown, and one hundred thousand dollars, for a discuss it with only such oratorsas IHE ; it, !4r.;;and' :Mrs. Steve. CMlsof,, $parr, old home at Anniston, Ala. to visit is ,doing every thing possible to avoid faithful performance of their duties. tney,. themselves choose.In . 'were'; among' the shoppers in the city relatives and he will also go to Birm.' selecting a man who; J holds, states'-: The duties of the'attorney general and this case Barrs Broward and : Mondayi. : ingham to attend the Alabama home ; rights doctrine He.is not making;any the commissioner of agriculture as Company were the sole judges as W'' x coming. secret of this fact. either. The constitution specified Tjy1. law do not seem to have the qu .fications of the speakers, , <'Miss' ,EloyseSmaak, from returned a brief homel"Mon'4ay.aftenioon visit Mr.. A. J.. Harrison" of York at ,requires but Imposes him: no to limitations make his .selection on-* any members particular"of the bearing drainage upon-commission'them as, said Beard to was be "dead chosen easy because,," he was Fred .0. B. Weihe ;; ?relatives at Lowell present connecated with .the Gainesville , 349 It nice but . was truly a audience; ' him., It is'an unwritten law that , re : & Gulf ; but duties of other officers ,do. The . 1- railway York In - was ; him to, choose before Mr. Beard had concluded'lis f l6 Jeweler quires men supposedto duties of the administrative officers } . | f Mr. town Monday business | George. Tylor: went down to"annillpn on conected address it the opening was plain that be learned the law. ' 4 are prescribed ,In article of the with the ;: 'Monday afternoon to look company. ' crowd with Broward. For L .J was even }n the Kansas City Star 'Ye find state constitution. . ,: te( some' property Interests. -H- point view latter from 'a legal of the r . this 'from Mr. McGahagin. '. dispatch a Washington representative Section 9, provides that the :governor ' George of one the : the , had the, best of argument. , : r' r shall i Mr. John w Pearson spent! communicate by messsage .. Sunday A. 'c. L.'s most popular conductors " r ":The'president has let it be known 'Tis true 'Us pity and pity 'Us j : son and ughterJnIawJ ; who is to the )legislature at each regular 'hSitiggthIS! in charge of the .Dunnellon and " 'tis true! But it Is fact nevertheless T. that he has selected a man to fill the a Needham information the session i ;- %%.I! and Mrs. Earl Pearson,:at Apop. ? : surrounding phosphat'e ,mine tra1nswas' ", concerning ,'that the high "muckamucks" who ; SrAt'Va* J- in town ,on a visit Monday.George's" vacancy caused- by the retirement of condition the state. Certainly, the , . have this farce comedy have Justice Brownwh n he consldersSafon. managed work of the dra1I age"Commission, of ij\;: ranesii. Ocala ,friends'always enj9Y'giy1ng the ot _states' rights made a most bunglesome sort of ajob'cf ; : T: D liof- Gfelnesville.jg him:hearty: grip and welcometo question and which he: would be chairman, should It * .-,w-,.tba.. 'guest ofhet4Irents; Mrs..and hisoid.stamping.grounds. the negro.. In the' selection of thisfrail bt re-porifid.as-.a part,of, the "condi : : ".Mrs..'Co A.'Uddon.x:'. n"'vOcklawaha ave-. he endeavored secure"' a, man tton'of, th&state'nd-a"selcrespecthg It has, truly_ J been 'a. .case of "Wpn'tyea TJJe..Plum . -...'f" U'e.. "-'>..- ',. ,.J \J" of high ability; who could look at the i legislature would lose-no time 1mI walk into my. parlor said the , *, ., ; Mr, Allan Rodgers, whd| several Spider' the Fly?" him [cases brought before .from a national who would peaching governor re- : r ;t. : -' years ,ago did! such valuable' work' I Gas ' on Thus far the of this 6gd. ri. ;Mrs.: C.,M.. Brown, jr;, are point of :.view. fuse'to Inform them upon such an important promoters fitter, f be proud>aie.ntl( cif 'a little babf:girl, the 'hard roads.-of this county; is now Commenting upon this the Louisville I matter: drai?.age proposition have made ev } hich arrive Fridays-Miami-Metro:; > located at Inverness, a'nd-.iias the Courier-Journal says: I 'Section. 23; provides that the comptroller eJt single appointment for these II 's' !:. (, x plis.! hard roads building of CUroST: county Intent upon the establishmhent" of I shall examine, audit, adjust sp akingg and have arranged every ; ... r . : in charge. He is a' thorough road such, a program, haying done what he :and settle the accounts of all officers detail In connection therewith, and- HAS QPEICDP 'HIS NEW1t " f:1.t ": Jtidg'W"S."'Buhoclf and' Stathi At11 : builder 'and' Citrus is' to be congratu- could in the. past to] accomplish the r cf the state, and' he' is .under penal they have played with the passions -, *:" 1_ d4 to lated upon, securing his services.-4'Mr. exaltation of the nation and the re-j and prejudices of the' anti-drainage , Davis.-jretttrn Sumterv111et " If ;trey c .. { ta bond for the faithful performance. of SHOP'ONTHE CORNER OF , .; !=1unday8fternoon"to. hea> a\ mnrderI : Rodgdisvas Ocala Mondaymaking duction. of the state .by means' of legislation 'these ,duties. forces as children play with toys. . "" , _ - a., 'rI ; and In Instance i J WITH A, j'. - speak single ,"" not to be surprising-even though .it urer shall :receive and keep all funds, every ; '.*Vi rMisg' ,Daisy"!*3 l/ /who has. been A special City Lolled Council' Meeting.or'the be regrettable-to read' that he proposes bonds, :and other:, securities, in such they have made the anti-drainage fellows FULL LINE OF , : ( months in Asfyille, meeting to, cap the climax and to in "pay the freight.? SANITARy - as shall be . prescribed ;jj : sp ndng/s! yera!: manner bylaw " city council held , was TueSday to night -JL" :b .sister Mrs Hardy : sure the absolute elimination of thestate and shall disburse funds It's "heads I win and tails you '! p \ ,N, ; 'with he t', hear the preliminary of" ; no nor AND ,report Ludwig by'juggli the. court.. lose!" They catch them "gwine and MODERN PLUMBING,;', p. t s- 'C.1 room. arritejf. hove Sunday JI. : and company ( : g supreme issue lionds-,or other'seeurities.ex c ' . I. .'.... ,;... -.'..__, "i ( '. ,, the Atlanta firm of The thought of abolishing the state cept 'on order; of comptroller, countersigned 'comin"Hand still these people who % V electrical ]jra ,and ::)4Wi, 1 am' Herbert and' test engineers the engaged to inspect by any procedure "is revolutionary! to by the, governor,. in such manner imagine themselves politicians can- J GOODS.. .WHEN. IN, NFEO OF new machinery , recently . Ks ? I supreme not"catch Jacksonville Florioian. I' the : do 'it g' courtand by packing " Powers' .announce the birth ,of installed .ui; the city 'electriclight >Ea shalla ,be prescribed: by law. }I FIRST "CLASS SANITARY'PLUMBING ' F > : Harris Pow- making that august tribunaj subservient -.Section provides that the :; ; .a. k'aon, William plant. 3Tj _ ; : .ersf the little ,one having l to:the executWe'is'not: Jat iigtrative? ':"officersshall! make ad-I Ux-Senator J..-R, Burton, of Kansas Ace : : detailed __ The full and report; will .ALL ON HIM., E short of treason. ; has begun serving his sentencein ; reports of acts 'and expenditures -, " P axrjygdat, their home on Orange av be prepared'afte Mr-,Ludwig"s return ..all...., ; receIpts. the United States penitentiary. '. -. :: eight their"'respective -of - o'clock.I pt / : nueiMonday morning . to'Atlanta and, presented at ,.r- ... Sees-- to 'time at the His .wife- ands daughter.followed him P. the' next regular me ting' of the President Ti. :J. I, Brown of the governor, beginning - coun , t iJJrJ. ; ' frank' Reagan' after spending cal '', -- : Tampa mid-winter fair, has returned fcf each regualr session of the, to the prison doorst What ..a lesson , friends from and legislature;; or ;whenever the governor this carries. with it!. From, a seat In , .several days: in Ocalawith, noughlowey, "was' shown to ; a most important I : - /, ;'returned to' his i home at Brooksville indicate that the tests-'and? examination highly successful trip to' New York, shall require it* and further 'says,.' the United} States senate to prison j' FiereU 1' t: ''Sunday afte 'nOO 1. : pJrl Reagan' hasmaiy were entirely: satisfactory ,end where ..he'proc ed for appearance at "Either house'.t>f the legislature may j cell With what pround elation the R the coming State Fair to be held at at any Ime' call upon any officer' of I wife and 1iaughtersentered the society , : : friends ini Ocala; who" are always that :we. can .look forward town .Improved : . : glad tjtb": ; welcome ; him back to ,hIs' 'torjernome. service., ? .. Tampa, 'Nov.. 14th 'to'29th, the 'most this (executive) department for information ] circles of the capital city and .- '::.-,-.- ,- : .::' .':;/:$,:':"-<:'_:,'. and required by IC" It Is pro how their spirits.must have been " .After informal discussion magnificent costly amusement - ",",,'i4. .. Questions and;; the on lighting attraction ever brought south of the vided" elsewhere in the constitution crushed when- the prison doors 'clos- All New Goods too. day and nightservice . ; '(t. ed their husband and father. _ that the accounts of the shall upon Mason and Dixon .line. In short he ocers biro Duncan. Ocala's' the council : : ,P. B popu'tl. -adjourned at 850 . , The brunt of one'sevil 'doing after , be committee of * : contractel for at the fair inspected bya joint ; ' riar. : agent reached home after session of appearance little-over JU (X L. a an hour. -F- extensive trif"'f. which has pleased several trillion residents five from the ,senate and house of all falls heavier upon others than up-j No. 1 .:.35?.- k his members fl. Sunday night from The present w reG tes . . through the 'west;. While away he Ford, Weathers .Owen Chace, Carmichael and visitors of Chicago.' :He representatives, appointed each ses- on one's elf.. Cream of Wheat <*.; ? '!tk; :-- , p.. met in 'New York by P, M. sion.I < "yj of the most was $" *- visited a large'number1: and Sage. The' mayor; city the Call on. H W, Tucker if. you are Quaker Oats K. ... ? ,, .. ,,, .'.1ac - ?timportant points, in the far west, and attorney, marshal, superintendent Barnes' manager of great White have emphasized'severa1 words 'of ''having done 4 , City. Chicago's: great amusement resort and in the above sections of thinking anything in Puffed Rice :: ' . .> had: avery splendid trip.. electric light plant .and several citizens phrases .. u ? ....10<:. " p ".i; : : rf were also ,- upon which millions of dollars rne. constitution Jor the benefit of the the electrical line. He guarantees .1 ; -. > > present have been spent, and' closed the con- astute editors 'and :constitutional law his work, and his, prices 'are reason Petti John ,Breakfast Food .. ....15c. ' bits; J, J. Dickinson;; has.as, herR Just why more citizens do not attend - v p-i these meetings where matters of tract for the hippodrome as .above ;;ers who do not;seem to be aware able., x Shreaded. Wheat Biscuit l50. "-: stated. The:cost of b bringing the Hip- \ < o; .. : such importance" to' .themselves. :are .will t.iat they are there. Grape Nuts ."! .. .i. ....,. ;u .. .,15c, $o . :*." son. and Mrs. Stickney are at the determined isan Ocala mystery. Their pbdrome-to. Tampa amount to The opponents of the amendment We have reduced .the prices on all : 'E 4,Lenoi,. where. the venerable widow presence would:At least indicate to ever $20,000, from which it is evi- would have us believe 'that if it is summer dry goods. Inspect our stock Force (with Vigor) f. '. .: ..15c. _ p J', the late brave' ; General Dickison' the members' of the council an. interest worth traveling hundreds of miles to t-dopted the legislature will 'be legislated and getourpd'ces. We:can save'ybv Hecker's' BreakfasKWheat. Flour ; JacksonvtIle :Met in their gratuitous work 'lor. the see., The conb'actors"of the Fair Association out of the question entirely, In money 'Fair.- -- --' ' x'malties ;her home. The x . . , , ropolis.-.- '- city.. t are determined to stop jit spite -of the '''proposed amendment ... 10c. 15c. and ... . '. ...25 t ; '{? ;. nothing in making the coming' fair which reads *The, legislature may' 0 [' Virginia: Cured Hams: : , ' F ? Benjamin P. .CahouriDeacf.} an even greater sucess than that of provide for the! assessment of benefits 't1 .ofea5tDnRl. , w- r. .C.: A. Tice; 'of Daytona, acompetent last and will do so regardlessof derived of ....._ ................ .ihorpughly .an'd first. class Hon. Benjamin, P, Calhoun, one! ;.of year from lands by reason' ., - J.x.pr-t: t r- arrived in-.Ocala Sunday, andhas..iccepted the most .Widely Jaiown-.attorneys inthe expense:, While visiting other cities such -drainage,, ,""and the .collection L. D-FULL &. _. > rL. F..BLALOCKj:; O. : 'I\}( 'GROCER " ,:.::. %- ) : a.positlon.ia the job de- .stl1t died at his home, jn., Palatka on his trip. 'President Brown secured and the 'proceeds',, therefrom shallbe. '" R LLE a &,BL&LOCK. ./ j ; , : - . s Saturday afternoon of pneumonia 13 ?'part nent;of.this paper:and ,1he: :Qcala! '" ; :Dentists. Clark, Bros., = >.. 'Banner ever..is pre.- Mr 'Calhoun, at 'the .ilme. 'of his harness. horses of the "Southern 'cir to' be; used by them for . howrmore than Over M & Cbamb'.iss Bank Ocala.Fla. suit necessitating' the immediate woe North of .dty1 Market . & death wasstates 'from the such drainage purposes- ** ''do the bestlan'neat attorney , : $ ,P & to Quickly very : )" .. : >i ornamental. Job print-, eighth, judicial Circuit and was "very erection of 'a .large number of additional If the language of the am ndment '- . - .- esteemed hroughout thestate.- .stables... He also secured manyqiherattractions E.IIGGS, ',.. ? highly plain provisions of' .the -- --- '" . itself the ;:.agtaoliCit! ;four; orderSj;. ;.f. : andfadvertised- j T ....:-- ' =.v., -" 'i He. wasvmember of Vvery;prominent : .FlqrIda. state constitution, the 'numerotta'actsofthe : I ' ", !\'t ,family' and :.was'-born'in New. .. and the State Fair extensively in legislature'passetf/ make "ef- ATTOKNEY-ATLAW. Ediciton! bySo I'aU'J . ?X {Captat.r T\ 'it 'JOlu son has ;Jrefnrn .(Office in Gtry-Agaew Boc'rj' ... _ .;;j::' ,:from 'a ,:rtsi( to ,Lakel'nd: WhilsV York ('andj has;lived' most. of his, life the. east, and" west. -', fectiye Ihe;'constitu ion l checks upon -I ocALA,;' .,': ; t ,Jft.olUDA, teaming hone or t pbrraait to g$(to. i'" . In Florida.: _.r .executive officersthe'.liability. aan.t/taii c ily !*r.tiLKbrfork :fad .1IomIt. a there"hi ,his big the .: y' - "disposed pf'one'of : - : r :OfIlgelgr9Y ; :He\stm j 'haw.twoleft,' He'leavea.. a- ,.wf..el..,.and. .seveial.ons.' The j loss oflife ot' &' !emp1Qyedon to lIn lreichment ;)afld criminal prosecution 1 EDWIN SPENCER. ,Sdeaoe*,EatoryjAfin bn.GearIIeUT.rtc.' ;_i, J "'Y.. c . , ' lhe''lorlds'Eat Coast taiwayex- I 'T TACIat JI.&O.'hIdIda Y are ) "" 'k ,, and, ultimate responsibility to Ife says people idotvri'thgre: : " ,apRfr1ng :that theiret-tunga; J9.;destroy ,. jn;. anft McsWilliam' Tydlngsof I tension' amounted: toilSSj;" the loss'of the'people;at"the 'polli does not make J ATTORNEY-AT:LAW, tcJpuI'd L SI07ra!fDIE8,1'aJ.t amceaa ..na ai; - i. e/white-fly'andi'.thar.itls:: .dolngit\ ; Silver ..Springs-' ,- spent, 'TuesdayrIn property.. ,,, >flSO(, OOl *"$ "$.-:vkfMiss the proposed .board. of,_drainage 'com I OCALA, .- >S-j* FLOZIDA .: J : ;; : : . ... . "' the"'city; '' missioners 'a responsible, body,- responsible r ' ' .forfcVbeautifullyIt'll not onlyrolthe de- .J:' ': has ? : : ". "- 1. to 'the. courts, responsible CHASE. "-i2.: .' =' ; rY flyIbnf .is:: Esther- Weathers'who I JE. ,., ; 'i : ; Fo sate. ' J ;Mrs E: .JC;*Martinfi. 'f' the 'Cotton responsible to. the I .T-T-*: i ;: ._ ,7i8tortng(;$ ;to* titer leaves :_their ; been |-visitingv! friends seYeralmanthe. to the legislature; ;: ''DENTIST. '' ----e. \Mossy colorVana' ,taiuinthe- 'itisseta plant neighborhood;; waaitransactingbusiness at Cincinaati andCcaga'ls J1QW:the people, then; :what'in', the 'name 'Of] 'OCALA FtfUKLOS Forty acres ot fine:land near Orange - u .'*nges:intQright! : one s. JHehink8 ,;in,"i"Oeala'Tuesday.-iit. I: ;" -Nd goestjof/friends. ;at:.Bloomt oa:;IU., co nnion'' sense 'do'we.:' 'need", to': make; '. .. }.. Springs...Marion:waty Ffeu: Tice: 5",h.: tit.the red fuagaJstwiU'ulUmifely,'rid .. "-, ,-', --" ., fob atB ort1W: UP ;Frid S tissWeathe them a; responsible'body? We anxiously -I I.. EIST&UMg : northwest.-quarter of southwest juar = :' terSeeUon' 4-townshipi%, ;,- tW stateof:a thd' whites::11! pest! We : ') ;; ; 3f::'Harp'bfFCltra'a; ;Pmmie :ra/waa/the?gues iof.receptionJthe nor ata'very await;, sulgesUonsAlbert.'. ..H.R9bertspf .!. V :,. See'thaland'and, ; make me ranfa.14.'an offer. - f.:,_dope thatrhigprediitfcros m._;'":'"" aent: .tnrpentiaet distiller;.::was' a ..ysef. beautiful..{ : ; St-." .Petersburg. ,:Itf .theTampaTtibune ''. .. 'TTORIEY-.AT-LAW. ,. ". Address D. C. A.1eunder.ShaWl- k'i ' t-Ib" $ '..-,,,: 'II ..i :-tJN.: ':: ', ,: .tootir iti ityTaesdays.. ,- 't...'"..cl+ilTat;= OO.UAk'1 e: Pf-.nr. .;:." mi'1Jt< .Room#.Iauaic. .Baitdin' ;, ; ,- ',: Wss'-h'". -,-': &-uam.r., .:. .." : nl" ;: .: ;' t ., ) .-. -. ;::-' .: j, --. <: ; ""--f'r"i ,,; : -. -' m.t: g. 1;': ,'Ii.'i x: ,, .,J; f J :-{ "' <-.f- t ; <' z. 5s /><+ xr ; r.-,.: ," -- > ''- : ; :: : oj;, j; : '.'"' ". ... t j t.1tb \'.;:;.J},, R'A: {; ':o.r < 't'fJ'f&; ", : '. '..". - " - ' -. , : *... '. ,!\ : t. sz .d%" \ ,. i- -.r P ..'i _.; wJS ",>,& w. v .it# '... R . ; .!,, < -r. .:;;:!. *&fr'1 "" '" k , : . rL ;; 1u '', : ..,' , ' 'i. 'w \ "' ,' } t-1'r > s ,, 1':< ,, -.J- ;' " -c..,,' 0' -'>:",..f",1'f.. .. '' :,, : < J! _. .., !>.1"<,,';;I: :T .. : ":. ,', '!', 'Ji. :t., :' "tj Yf ., !-1 'r " : '-, "" "rJ: : ;iI: ",i-i.... -:;. J 'J&1 f. ,,: $ k ''j\ -J; -{ :' '. " A .k- , --i ' ,7 ; :.k .r " :,;: ':J ',t. :;'o:x %- '. :' ''' ';..,.!,''" :::;<'(c,' : -Ji ;'U-if i<::>_::"'::"::":"t'- :': ':'; :.'.: ;'L-' .at-_ :?<-,::' > : ; ..,-'..Y'J':'tl' : ,;v'"') ': ,'.<. :".l:<; :f---:: .:*..-'.-.;.'." -:... '...! '. '" ,'...,<:t..: "Y ., -' % _ .. f- -, 'f- " i.. .. ; ; '< : > .r- :;, ::.; .' -;. '- :; :.. : ,: ; '_- .. ,, ,,_$' ,. : "., "."' -l.. ,;, _' o. ._pi't. __::: ; : : :::, .-o'__""_. :_.- : :, '1'>". .,',.: ,.- .:,,. "". ,:. :: ..: .;; :. :: _:::.,.>, :,.r:,__..-;'.' .,,:::' : ,, ) - _ _ . I ; -34rtv-=-' -" : - ,,'" '. ' i : - - ,, : ; ,: .j'f' ',. ,.. ' ". ' ..,,, '; .-'\ ,'" ..-. I ., _. '' -.'; ". -, "- .... <. *., - -'- "i"f".f ''\ ". ,,' ' ,"I. ""$ \ ., . .:" ,,' : ' : ) , , ", ,! : -.J. } "" - -- - '- 1 -', .-. ,,.", ' : ,) :- '::- -'- =- >' . ; : : I Ii: .' "- NEWS' ; FROM<- < OUR, 'CORRESPONDENTS, 'Ii:: LATEST v NEfrS'" TOLD"gS FROM IN A- ,THE BRIEF DIFFERENT WAY.- PARTS fI7-.. 4 , '. : ' u'-'", ; ==-:. ."""'. N"o'"'",' ',- .z.- ..,.t.;.:. .," ",-'- ._- ...$! 1 t 1 """" r,, t .4>"'" ; 'd .J;: ..", "< 4r: ;0",, 1f:", : 7 : :_. . b';$.-.. .. :tI., ,.,' .A"f: , , .. $. > : ,, ; '"_ ...: ;" "" : .. ".... .. .. "' ''''' c $ "J; "" - ,2 ;; . ...". t..m- \ ."".1' ,:: < i' "' "" '6 .. < '.. ; :: < '" : ': : i , ; , '''' ', ; ,: ; ' x.F. " ... F ' i : : V , II''''' t : x-.sue ".... : :. :" _. '-'.. ,;: . .fil'. .., : r : -- ..'i. . "". . . ' i., ""' .... 'N'; 'E' ,t.'F. ;: t:." \.> ; .,'. I ; , 'I . 'J> . . 'J.1 .. :'t", ,.. <-. , \>'5. rg ..', L '- g f!-' -THE IE PAPEB- n. .e JFEITS FLUCTUATIONS AND VAST CONCEBNS."-COWPER. ; '. ,, : :: \. 41.. NO._ -,... OCALA, FLORIDA FBIDAY, :OCTOBER 26, 1906. ONE DOLLAR A YEAB :a -- .' : ;i : \. T. W, Hood. FOR MAYOR. i Y ,, ... We regret exceedingly to chroniclethe '- FOUND RJLF .' : death of Mr.. T. W. Hood one of Major Izlar Asked to Become a Candidate F'ERUNASuffered ' oldest'"cltlzens", which occurred for Mayor , Er < last Monday - ; "r :' Mr,' Hood had been, in bad healtha Maj. Laurie T. Izlar, " good part of the summer and The undersigned electors ol the Thirteen Years With about three weeks ago went up to city of Ocala request you to becomea I Gainesville Ga., for 'treatment He candidate for the office of mayorof Pelvic Troubles, Unable .., did not. remain there long however said city'at the election .to be held to Find Relief. ;:; but went to, his old home .at Iva S. on December 11, iau6. ....... C., where, hIs death occurred. Thomas Sexton, H. A.. Daniel T. : c' T 'flakilif .,' Mrs. wood accompanied Mr, Hood D.. Lancaster C. R. ,Tydings Jake AN OPERATION ADVOCATED. 3 : : when he left here and ,their son, Willie Brown Chas. Peyser, W. L. Jewett w. joined them aw eek later.' Abe Brown W. E. Woods, W. P. Ed Pe-ru-na .' '. ., .... Mr. Hood was one of the pioneer wards, Wm. Tucker J. L. Emerson, 2 Taken -as a Last 1 -."} Itarikr -'...... settlers. .this !section and had been Willie Dodsqn, N. I. Gottlieb T. W. :: .. : : ; Resort, Brings Health s L largly interested In the phosphateand Troxler Chas. F. Schreiber, J. W. and Strength. lumber industries around here. Sylvester, E. C. Bennett G. R. Trox For the past few years he, with his let, B. H. Norris W. H. Clark Chas.V. . ABSOLUTELY PURE sons,,Willie, Charlie and Ollie had Miller H. G. Eagleton J. G. Ferguson : ANNA MUNDEN, :Brfnkley/Ark., been operating a cedar mill at Gulf E. T. ,Usher, W. R. Hunnicutt, .: , Healthful Hammock.. D.. J. Carroll, G. W. Cleveland, Geo. ."I suffered with female troubles for 1 cream'of tartar, derived solely fromgrapes Mr. nood :has always taken a promInent W.. Martin, Wm.-Anderson, Don ,Ford thirteen years and tried the best doc-. j' refined to absolute purity, is the active part in the improvement of R. D. Fuller L. F, Blalock, J. T. ton in Louisville, Ky.t without relief. ; ;. our town, looking upon it as, a permanent Cohen, J. C. Smith, A. J. Beck, H. :< "I spent thousands of dollars at the principle> of f every pound ,of Royal Baking. homer He was a prominent S. Chambers W. L. Hodges, F. 0. Springs ' 4.Y P owe er. member of the Presbyterian church, Reagan, H. C. Sistrunk Robt. Taylor. ',The doctors desired that I have aa J - to whose interests he always devoteda I. Schwerin, M. M. Little Ben Rhei- operation performed to remove my ItJt. Hence it is that Royal Baking Powder ovaries, which I would not consent to. s : large part of his time and. means. nauer. "I : saw an advertisement of ' renders the food, remarkable both for its fine Dunnellon Advocate. P. H. Nugent, H. A. Ford, F. B. Peruna and bought one bottle and your before - flavor and healthfulness. Beckham, J. H. Livingston H. C. I had taken It all I could get out of .11 Children of the ,Confederacy.. Jones, E. K. Nelson, Sid R. Whaley bed and walk about. 11 .ft The first chapter of'the Children of J. L. Smoak, sr., W. C. Smoak, J. L. After three Y ;:: iN :alum; no phosphate-which are the .' the Confederacy be formed in Florida Smoak jr., J. G. Smoak J. ",. Lyles well and hearty taking as ever.bottles 1 was ,as _Y ; :1.k'S ; principal elements of the so-calledcheap;'-- ,- ,was. organized on Wednesday last T, W. Smith J. T. Rush, J. E. Bailey, '' r "I gained In flesh From US I In < < baking powders-and which derivedfrom at the residence of Mrs. S..A. Moreno, S. H. Martin, Baxter Cam, J. T., Lan' creased to 188 pounds. ; ,_- ' LI -- are .. at Pensacola. The meeting was well caster, J.,a Boozer. Chas. J. Phillips MRS. ANNA MUNDEN "If it had not been for your great and ." bones, rock" and sulphuric''acidy' %: ,-= ti. ;:.)..". attended' by a number of bright child- R. V. Relf, L., Taffaletti, H, H. Lap- There can be no doubt about it that wonderful medicine,I would now be in _ 3{ >;- dren who took a great interest informing ham E. J. Jeffords, Thos. Proctor the tendency to resort to surgical operations my grave. ' the new chapter.. ,Officprs J. T. Jones' B. A. Weathers, J. P. has been too great in the past and "/would advise all women sufferers were elected ,as follows President, Galloway, H. Livingston, jr., S. A. that this harmful tendency Is growing to try it. _ u .ROYAL. BAKING POWDER. CO.. NEW YORK. Lee Gouioing; vice-president Marion Bullock, W.. A. Knight J. H. Taylor less every day.Experience .. "I would not be without it for the ' aK McClellanr second''"rice-president, W., D. Taylor E. M. Howard,. W. H.: baa 'demonstrated, that world." _' : WINDS ABOUT TOWN.' Mr C. L. 'Livers, of Summmerfield, Margaret Sandusky; recording ,secretary Powers, J. W. Hood, Henry Gordon'I many aliments which seemed to require A WOMAN'S LETTER TO - WOMEN. ys pc spent Friday shopping in Ocala. Willie Wood; corersponding H. A. Waterman Ed., Helvenston D. surgical operations the put are now Mrs. c secretary Valma Maura; treasurer. S. Woodrow D. M. Smith, F. E.. being cured by the Caroline Kramer, Fort Collins, MISS SARA ELIZABETH. HARRIS. Friday's Tampa Tribune'contained Margaret Campbell; historian, 111 via Weatherbee J. B. Carlisle, jr., H. B. SURGICAL ruse of harmless remedies Col.;writ**:. Local Editor. a column riteup.'of. ,o aJa's big day. LeBaron. The meeting wil ltake Clarkson H. W. Jones, R. McConathy OPERATIONS Fernn hu "The majority from of women who are coffering t .' -f place every second Friday in the C. Rheinauer J. R. Moorehead, W. AVOIDED. done as much aa another y disordered period and - :;t 4- Mrs., James Williams and little Mr. Hal W., Edwards prominent month. H. Clark,. Jr./ W. V. Newsom L. S.; remedy to establish ocher in doctors trouble that, han each strong faith '= l: ,son,; of Brocksville, were in Ocala young'man from Crystal River,. spent v Beck, J. J. Bierman Arthur Masters, this very Important fact. they allow them to experiment -_ ' them Ocala Friday afternoon: on their wait Friday in Ocala. Keller-Watson. F. G.. B. Weihe. W. T. Gary, Z. C. Thousands of people have been con stomach trouble on for until kidney, liver, or '' - E ; to Crystal River" to Mr. Sert; C. Watson and Miss Ma- Chambliss, W. W. Condon, C. M. demned to undergo surgical operationsTheir they become =-y spend several = #. ..weeks with Mrs. J. C. Smith went out, to Mar mie"iCeuer were united m marriage Livingston W. 6. Massey J..F. Williamson physicians have told them that discouraged and their:money la gone. = r!tf';. ,relatives. tel Friday afternoon to spend a few Wednesday morning, October 17f by Maurice Strauss F, E. they must either submit to such operations -. _"Thi*,WM my unfortunate experiencefor -:r.,; ;, Mr. E. .M.' Savage, of Eustis. was days with her parents, 'Mr.,:and,Mrs; Rev. P. Ross Parish of the Snyder Harris, T. Bishop, Chas. K. Sage, L. 'or lose their lives. ar1y.nro called to years, when my attention ?& rpresent' at, the" laying of our corner J. W. Bryan. Memorial church. The wedding was J. Brumby, T B. Snyder J. J. Gerig, After this they have resorted to was Peruna : 'a8d#compllmented us on our write-up very quiet, owing-to a recent bereaves J. S., Jewett Stephen Jewett T. H. Peruna and found relief. "I hardly dared believe that at lilt I 4 , Mr. W. W Smith th had found the principal of , ,of .the'dayV' doings and took several [ ment in the bride's family. The bride Haley, A J. Brigance R. A. Burford, Other good remedies ,haTe accomplished right medicine, bat M I Jf : {;'\ .copies. of 'our paper! back with him. Anthony school, waS. In' Ocala attend Satu" r is a daughter of Mrs. Eliza Keller. of G. M. 'Hubbard G. C. Pasteur, G, J. the same result,but it is.&fe.to. ] kept on using It and WM finally cured ?' day having come into I could ., theteachers' only thank God ..< : this city. They having recently moved Butch, G. S. Scott Isaac Stephens, assume that no other remedy baa' and take cow"I ,J .Conductor and ,Mrs. Williams of meeting., Here from south Florida. Mr. N. Peyser, Joseph Shuford, 'Thos. J. equaled Peruna in Its beneficent work. age } "*.t :;.Homosase ., were In_Ocala',.Friday afternbori T&rs. R. E. Wishart and 'her 'daughter Watson is a popular and well known Owen,Mamas: Frank T. H.: Harris,W.E. Many of the alleged incurable derangements from have theme had moat satisfying result * \ on. their way home Mr. Miss Laura Norwood went postal clerk, having resided here for :: Hutson, .IL D. calmer, W. .L, Colbert of the'pelvis are dependent of yourmedicine i F ? and have SATISFACTORY! -k :It-Williams who Is a number,of years. 'After'a upon catarrh. A E. ; a popular conduc- down to. Ehren Friday afternoon wedding Gerig, W. L. Clark P. V. advised dozen rToa the Obaia-Homosassa trip down the east coast will There is no cure for these the of RESULTS fRBM ;; train. for'a few days' visit they go Leavengood, P. H. Gillen, Louis H. except > has been off his. run for the past sew to housekeeping at once in their beautiful Dosh G, T. Maughs, E. C. Smith C. removal of the catarrh women who were PE-RU-NA. - Yr, :'''''' reral day_' .' 1 Mr. and Mrs. Sistrunk of Mont new home .at649 Laura street 'Roberts, D. E. Mclver T. D. Bryan Pernna seemingly works miracles In Buffering wltfrwoman's ? {tr; ;-:: ;; ". I:, brook, have returned to their horn which was a wedding gift from thegroom's :E. L. Parr Geo. MacKay, John M. some of these.cases. The explanation, ills to use Peruna and let the *# .. Mrs. E, D. (Blaine and children i after .a few days' visit in Ocala the mother, Mrs. Susan Watson. Graham( I. W. Ogle Leon Fishel, M. however the, 'is very simple. Peruna remove doctor,alone,and those who have followed 51m catarrh and ' ,,}'tt. ,hue arrived in Ocala to Join: Mr. guests of their son, Mr. S. T. Sis- Jacksonville Metropolis ]Rubin C, R. Hendricks, c. L. Bittin- test. Nature''does the my advice are better to-dlylD4 '-- : Blaine, w. o has .been:here for come trunk. Mr. Watson is a brother of Mr. G. I ger; S. T. Sistrunk, R. 'R. Carroll P. many are fully restored to health :.. y ' weeks with :the McKean' Lumber W. Watson, formerly of Crystal W. Whitesides, W. T, Stroman, W. - - 'rompany.- They, are occupying Mr.' Mr. Hullum Jones,. a 'prosperousfarmer River.and, the bride is a charming W Clyatt Thos. E. Pasteur C., E. !, '.Bin .Lurcmus.. ', "eottBe ion Orange of' Oak'- and a'valued .subscriber young Crystal River girl and has ]Ball, T. L. Neely J. M. Thou H. J. n'nr"r"1ff11r"'r'f1""rm''mmm"mnmr''m''tr' ''' ''' } ''' '' it _ avenue.. to, this paper: was in OcalaFriday been a. visitor to Ocala on a number J Precht Harry Leavengood J. H. -c bDr. and made us .a social and fi. cf occasions. ]Dean, H. C Gates, L. E. Lang, Geo. New _ r i Shephard, of Charleston, S. C., nancial call. Williams C. M. Whitesides. Goods. New People ._ x ;passed through Ocala"Friday after .. --- Miss Bryan went out to her homeat ....Q t: noon, vori, hisr\.ray ,to i(Dunnellon on Miss' Maggie ,Lyiie and her twobrothers Martel Saturday: to spend Sunday Major Izlar Accepts the Nomination. =-= New Prices - 'Dusiness. :Dr.' Shephard Isthe chemical Carl and : Lytle, who with her parents' Ocala, Fla.i Oct. 20, 1906. --- _ director,'of the Dunnellon' Phosphate attend school in, Fink went down Hon. F. E. Harris and other Commit- i"i"'L I-- Company and besides being an to" Stanton Friday afternoon to 're- Mr. and Mrs. K F. Long and little teemen. -- . :eminent:cnemist, he:is quite.: famous main'( over Sunday. : son, of Grahamville: were shoppingin Gentlemen:-The petition of numerous : - ; E ' tea grower .' J Ocala Saturday. citizens of the city of Ocala, :. WHEN IN TOWN VISIT. Mrs. B. T.. Pedruelbas been appointed . presented by you requesting me ,to - i Mr. John D. Robertson, of the first by the ladies auxiliary to, take Hon. M. L. Payne and Mr. David THE NEW STORE :' - become for at the : a candidate ! ward. Mr. Louis R. Chazal.. of _e'seer charge,of the woman's department. Payne, of Fairfield, were among the mayor == . QJ( I has been approaching election, 'and ward and Mr, J. W. Crosby; of the Hernando exhibit at the state distinguished visitors in the city carefully -- :-:: ' the third ward have been requestedby I considered by me In all of its I : fair.-Brooksville. Argus.. Saturday. bearings. .r... -- - . the'voters of their respective I - ,f wards, to become candidates for al Mr. and r Mrs. J. ;,C. Howell returnedto Mrs.,W..T. Gary and her infant son, While I am sure that the.holding Dry Goods Clothing Shoes = has so Ocala. the office will, in some measure, in , dermen. 'The, fourth ward Friday afternoon from a William Yocum Gary, returned home c far not consolidated d upon any particular visit to friends at Lowell. They were Saturday afternoon from Gainesville terfere with my business engage Ladies ' Miss ments and will require! some sacrificeon and Gent's Furnishings. . candidate.'Mr accompanied by Edith Wood 'where they spent several weeks : ward to be their 'for shortwhile. my part still'rea.11z1ng that .it is ' guest a ,with Mrs. Gary's parents. Dr. andMrs., jT .& ; .Bert 'Dosh, who has been employed Miss Woodward teaches the ,Yocum. the duty of every good and patriotic .-... :: : - , citizen to bear his share of public < "} Lowell school. at the "evening Star for the "oF, r past two years as ad. man has taken t\ Mr. Nathan Mayo came up Satur- burdens and bavin deeply at heart' ( ;,.t, J .the, position-left vacant by Mr Siia Mr. .Sol., Benjamin Atlanta after day afternoon from Summerfield to the progress'and upbuilding of our ,' city and the prosperity and i -T Lummus. and now has charge of theStar's spending a kvw days In Ocala has spend Sunday xrtf "'t. v"< and son, peace b/L.e. gLOb itS of all of I. have people happiness' our : Mergenthaler: Linotype Bert returned home// 1 ir. Benjamin was a who have been visiting Mrs. Mayo's '1(a_good boy and is deserving of all former resident t.Ocala and stOl'has father Dr. W. V. Newsom, for a short concluded to yield ,to the wishes of : ; ' fellow citizens and become a candidate '(praise for his earnest endeavors to large Interest band is a frequent while. my ; ' ,.; :advance In his chosen line of.business. visitor to thelcc; Ity.-tr.,.Benjamin came for mayor at the approaching. Next. to Mclver & McKay's. == g _ Conductor and Mrs. V. Z. Burke election. down this tijp116: ecially to attend y Mr.,Frank,L. Watson has not given the comer stone, mOnles. have gone to Columbia S. C.. to *. In this connection I desire to thank I I UU1U1U"llUUjUUUUlijUU J , up his interests in the turpentine in ? tend the state fair. They will be absent my fellow citizens for the high compliment U1U"UUlUiUWUmUUUU1 - dustry in' this county but he is, no Mr, Step r.1en: Loas just up from for two weeks. Miss Bessie conferred "upon me by requesting , : New SmjtK,**. where has been on Joyner; of Columbia, who has been me, to become a candidate, and 7 TillerHarp a .tour of t.inspection e will" return their guest in Ocala for several the very flattering manner In which " a ters Are at .Citra. He is now living to that utifulad c1 to spend thewinter months went home with them and the petition was presented. Wanted- in Jacksonville and Is a secretary ,and : a : if he Uk t as wen af- will not return to Ocala. Your obedinent servant, : ter beccI ming better minted with I_.. T. IZLAR Everyone to know treasurer of the Gulf Protection and that The "V7. J. Chambers Shoe Company Is ready .!nd mnlty' company and Is also a it as h Q does'now he Yj purchase a Mr, E. C.. Sims, .Anthong,. was In to supply your wants in . ,member of,the Myers Real Estate home tC;here.'and becom permanent Ocala Saturday. He Is splendid anda 'The Law: of Averages.The , company* Both'of'. these companiesare residenj T., \ progressive citizen and 'is so well average man is bald at forty. J Fashionable Footwear ., minister marries - 'The doing a very flourishing business. IS; pleased with "Marion's favorite pa. average ' . r- Mr/I! Louis 'Fox, of Ant who per" that he advanced; his name on 1.000 couples. If it is Shoes you wantt we have them In. n lp has. prices ranging books two Glasses for, old age ale adopted. on 1 from $1.50 to 46.00.() In - % for the.laying subscription years Men's Ladies' and childre's we ' cam down the .are well fixed - cor111 /and , Mr. of'Moss Bluff of forty-three J: A. Morse,' was the average "" stftne, returned homejday -*. ahead. If all our subscribers will can make prices that will interest We _ F In,.Ocala at the laying of ,the corner, ner i1 his will be ableto The average cat mother blesses the I.you; also have a complete lint. of"Gent's Y- ' i- yji The follow example we ',J' tone and 'paid this,, office. a.very In-' t v', many Qcal Mends of world with 100 kittens.: Furnishings. Don't' fail to ,give us a call. - hI resting call, ,Mr, Morse has charge h see machine. without trouble. The yearly sale of newspapers t ? hope that our ''of. the" Avery orange' grove,. one of hi / n visit throughout the world averages 750- .l this, 1ty. again' at, an ear'Ye. Mr. W. :," the prettiestpleces of property across boo tons. J Chambers Shoe Burford, pd. keeps up with Mario Ensign Robert Allen jr.. Company : -the .Ocklawaha ,river and he gives avery qty The 'world's gold mines: yield 'on ,. R '$.C nice,account of It*'.' Mr .Avery, th1 ugh the,'columns .of theer, who since"graduating from Annapolissix an average 'of $560,000 or 28,000 Leaders In ,High Grade Footwear and Gent's Furnishings.< --: ,,. ,.. jives.at Alto; Pa.. and his. long ,beena2subscriber hJename.h| !, 'ing' been on ksf weeks ago; has been spending In this hisvacation ounces: of'gold. a year.-Philadelphia I. __. V t his city > ht the past thirty years.. with parents -- ', ' "of Bann'eV. ! /c ,the Ocala Bulletin. , ,: .. left Sundayfor and received, his orders ' 4 ,.J.'if!;: r' : :f 'a.. '-.Mr.:.David S. ,Woodrow' ,, who 'baa -1\\\\Miss ;:Polly, : Wiiflams, 'who en Hampton Roads to. j ln'bis Mr. E.. S.'TJpbam. of South Lake LANDS. }' " 3f New Jersey = the battleship lending command on a' spending the past four months the pastfive mon : tau ..' Weir and who is'a very prominent , 'u; friends have greatly ' .. "Europe has returned home,' Mr..Woodrow hvllle, Nr C, returned hom ; Ocala In Christian Endeavor circles :; .., Enjoyed figure If you have lands you wish to sell > .2 and lease vfrit ;: visited Holland,,. Germany: ar afternoon. Miss WillIams bis home, are was,visiting'In Ocala Friday..Mr. Up- ,, or rent; .. : ith the grandmother :the late expecting great things of him In the from or if you want to buy lands for farming 2 >;:England and several .other countries \ ham has recently returned home ,. grazing, , '.'" ; md ,spent a:-month':wlt>i4.hit,"mother rrulla T? Mtoroe,' to' 'that' city %i if future.:. ,_._ the north where.he spent, the: sum-. turpentining lumber, 'purposes ',' < -; "tad other/relatiyes at his,old home Inc 1 jto* returned home a,few';weeks\ ,\ Shocking Bad 'Table. Manners. mer. I " . GlMgow,;Scotland He 'had,.a$-very th. and<<.since'thatUmersh:! 'has been" w.aakcley Having eaten out', of Mr.* Hearst's Write to ', .. y. <= - ..' ''''I.tI<.<'bip' :'and. retarns,:,ibm' + Mr.*Howard}Mmroe'sexpectedvtb'spead ,h> ... #rI'MaKJLt: :: On :bU'--"teturnshe( f' 'the wteter'in }tbdty "- making:'pieparationa.to begin\on escaping the .many storms''that have BLOUNT REAL ESTATE l CO. : y _ <' .'1MpRe'. .". <:.. teA:din in, :'New. .' .,butlQwtog;; to ;the"deafhot! agranteotherdecided r.:' :Hearst'. .. -: ',:himaelf.-phb' ctoU'- swept..around. the. "coast. ".from all ,dlsections. .. b - ";."' .':-fk: J:' :i' '," ..t" '." -, ;to,Tatum'h: n". .\ :.o' j.. .,..., .. 'OCALA. .J.FLORIDA, ' ./ ... .:-''i. . , c'1..... ,. ... ,;s. .... '" rY .".; .. ..;,-, = = "' 't' pi .. .. 'S: \ .t. \ : ."' s" r'j;"' - > f .. r :; :,. '_ ., .'h .. .:.S; ';' z .... ;"F , 1 d 1- jwttr -T: ; ti L =- t S. ... $ n f , wJ . .oJ"s.j'< a '! F v f! J> -')> <',..:, J> ;v-c: A> K : ; t ' 'r.. a. '":;'"' .:'j. '" _. .,.., :'- :' ; : ,'' ; t..',. _.,:, ,, .,,,::,,,.. ; : ,:"",",,-.,."' "r,+" '''''_ ", '''' ''o-7.."=.,,;,,,_ -, .. -. '"-. :':"'..: ; ''-.:: ... ..''..;...:.:.. -'-... .. ""'"'- '' : . . ..: ,: l- : "' :,' .;:,:: :- ;; : , : :.L' : !' : : { .. .: : .:: T, :::,- : . ,. T4' . ;; '.' ,; ; ., "' > _ '". .i J r -" '" -. ?' ,. ..fi''J"iv.. ., : : i? \rr: 7 -r" tl. ; , r : : --r ;: . ,:; w' . a t - .'., - ,. ,- : > '- '" It .- .... ' - , ; ';; COUNTY_ --l.COMMISSIONERS:- A"j Summeilf; BeftF.removed.: t t -. .' ': t f 'j' & ; AT'MI MI : STORM j : ,', [ '_ .District No., 26.BrinsonJ. If ) , a Special l' Meeting ;Revise' the Regis .. -. ved. ..., :.. -B.| : ? ? ? .rem .. ; . : & tration Lfst Barrow. F. ... : ; fiJ I gf ; ? !P .remo.ved. , _ a > If v Ocala, Fla? Oct. .17,190& Beckett,'C. L35L, .,, ., .removed.', Quality , .,' STEAMER WRECKEQTHIRTYJ The board.of county commissionersmet Beck, A. J. .. ,:., .i .. .. \,.: in 'special session on this date Cork, ,S.C._ ; =.,.,u.!O""U, *.., ju.removed.j' The 'fact that SCHNAPPS 'DROWNED-FORTY' a MEN for the purpose of revising the reg: Cornwall, Ri A.. ., .removed.1 I < ',' jstratlon books..and, thereupon, upon Estridge,, H. W.. i' .. ..j...;removed. : < i3 widely imitated only JURED. motion it was ordered' that the following '. .rem Did so provesthat Goodwin, W. .v .-. ved. .. . ,. . "---" be strickenand -< names that Harkness removed H.-F -. - i ; ?- ; .. .' if is the best chew-the standard the names be alphabetically published King, Peter, H .. H", ... .removed. . : L < Miami,?'Fla'.. Oct: 191906.Specialto as required by law. Martin,' R.-D. -. .- -.. .-' ..removed.MontgomeryB. flat plug. other plugs are made to imitate'itti : "' .District No.: 1.From' ; .' ..II,,'$., ? ,. .,.removed. '- ; .. , the Ocala 'BannerT"The A"toM... Robinson, R. E. L.. ,. ,.removed.Sclater the size and shape and color of SCHNAPPS Alworth, Rl-Ct: .. .i. ,:kTremaved.Alwordth M. E. .. i-. .removed. ) bere but ** :" **' . I W& H storm*';% was' 4 severe d f -'" ?**$ 1 R4>-C., :Ut--- ??T:* n% .remov d. Simmons, J. N. h. ,.. .. .removed, -other tags are made to look like SCHNAPPS the.damage Is aotserious.", A:few AddisonSamiiel,;':{ ;; :-:-. "de d. Stevens, J. E. *. .. ..-. .removed. . :.. *W d jg 23ft Atkinson,, ,,:H; JCL.. 4S ..removed.' Tillman W. .. .. ..I., .. ..remove tags-yet there are more pounds of SCHNAPPS houses were blown down but no one Burnett,. D. G. .. . .dead. Turner, E. J. ." .-. ;.removed. , 4. was ,hurt. Brown, C.' M > ',v:'(.. i.rern ved. Truel, Calvin..removed.- chewed annually ,than all other fifmilar 'te1 accos. c J ,,' Waltes, J. M. ... .. .. .removed. :; :- --f; } Cox, W* M. .. .. :; ; ,. *removed. .i c The steamer. St. Lucie, Capt. ,.Bravo, Cleveland,-R. l{.' .; *, *..removed. District No. 23. 'l. *?' i . . .' ? Crutchfield, C.. ,. 'O. .i ..removed. Beal, C. W. .removed. en route from" Miami: ,to the Key. ampbelL.R. 'B.removed.:: _. Stevens, C. C. . .. .. .dea .' West extension i work, 'with 'eignty laborers ,. Driggers, X. jfVir ;*, u.-,.. .removed. District No. 27. - ..- : Darrance." F."*".".,. .., ,.removed. Brinson. C. W. .. . ;..removed. , .on. board, was wrecked off' ...El Dodd E.':S. -; .:; ,. .removed. Bennett, G. S. .. ,. ... .removed r ,. : < :Flynn, R. E. I .' ..dead. Call, F. C. .. .: .. .removed. a.- \ \ liott The dead .bodies of Key. thirty IHIer, .: revomed. Jaliday, R. W.: .. .., ,. .removed. s men were foundron' the- beach today. Hammond, W. B. ,. . .removed. Mathews/ Frank, :. .. ...removed. .. McDonald, W. ,removed. -: Hardy, W. J. .dead. ; t. _ F I .. Forty: others., more or less injured, King, B. B. ., ,. . .removed. t were, brought' here tonight. Ley; E. L. eo .. .. ? .. .removed. Floridians: Should Co-operate. Jpscomb, W. H. -. . i ,removed. Why can't Florida organize and MORNING NEWS.FLORIDA'S' Lindsay, W.. C. .. .. .removed. procure foreign wnite labor as wellas CATTLE Little,. H. W.-. .. ,:_ ,, :.. .removed. Georgians:? The Georgia papers SCHNAPPS is made of only choice selections of well nature, thoroughly- cured RANGES. (From M! to zj that extensive nave been say plans leaf and in factories as clean as the cleanest kitchen,situated in the very heart of the greatest -- Otto . . Mente; > .removed. begun for securing sufficient immi- ; t ,'. Room In 'This State,for 3,000,000 Head Moody, E. W.: . .. .. .removed. labor for manufacturingconcerns chewing tobacco growing country, by men of lifelong experience in tobacco manufacturing . grant .ne f Cattle. Moody, S..D. .. ,.. '. .. .,- removed. and that state and whohave, directed the R.'J. Reynolds Tobacco Company since 1875. '' Moody, ; J. Pierson, .. .removed. planters' ; SCHNAPPS has the pleasing,appetizing aroma which created and popularized ., 'Of the nearly 35,000,000 acres of Mitchell, T. A. .. ..removed. who are seriously affected by the' .'' . the fondness for chewing. Expert tests th ..t.'it'requL"eS. and takes smalleramount - \ scarcity of employees. prove a . y \ land service in Florida, about 4,100- McCraney, Ed ? ,. ,. H .removed. The initial movement has been begun of Sweetening than any other kind-and has a whoiesaos s&aulating : r '.t "Out/'acres are Included in farms, Improved McGahagin, W E. . .removed. : . and unimproved, thus leaving HcWhorter, Hardy. .- .removed.: by the Savannah board of trade and satisfying effect on chewers. .' 30mOOOQ available Pooser, J. A. . .removed. and the chambers of commerce of Internal revenue statistics show that SCHNAPPS and other of the ,"';t' over acres ? : as Stone, Spencer C. ,,, .. ., dead. ' that who under the discretionof city , , .', grazing lands for cattle and sheep. Sterngerber,' J. S. '. i .. ..removed. Reynolds brands won enough chewers in one fiscal year to make a net gala state commissioner '- .,". It is not ,to be inferred from this Staten. J. P. 0# . .removed. a immigration i of six and a quarter million pounds, or one-third of the entire increased .that no cattle or sheep are raised in 'errell. J. B. ? . .. .removed. have sent an immigration agent -to consumption in the United States on chewing and smoking tobacco. Florida, ,but in reality there, were on Zewadski, W K. .. ,. ..removed. Scotland and other countries of Europe Be sure the letters on the tag and' under the tag spell to find the class of ' .'. the ranges last year, in round numbers District No. 3. necesasry S-C-H-N-A-P-P-S, and' you will have the genuine With Less about 600,000 cattle. What we Bouchellon, B. F.' ... .. .removed. employees. '. ... want to show is that there is abundant Beal C. G. .. ? .removed. Other agents will be sent out in R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO CO. ' Cooper, T. L. .. ..removed. Germans Scan- % ? he. near future, and , 3,000,000 CV i. : room for head in place Clark, Henry, . .o. ... .removed. danavians and Norwe ians- will be WInston-Salem, N. - I of the comparatively small number Carver, S. M .. o. ; .. ..removed. to SweeteningThan noted;above. It is for tne purpose of Hayes[ Homer L. .. ,. ,. .:removed sible.brought Georgia as rapidly as pos-. demonstrating to: the thousands of Hunt[ A. F. .. i. ., .?-. .removed. 1 I ' people who are interested in stock Hall C.. C. . .- :. .. :removed. The will come directly to Charleston Any Other .:- 'raising outside of Florida that we Harris[ J. C. t. . .. ., ..removed and Savannah from the different make these statements" to prov to Smith, E. L., ,. .. ,. .. ,removed. countries and will not pass through .I-. them that it'ls not to Sercey; William, .u removed. New York, as has been previously the - necessary" go Sercey, .Geo. W .. .. .removed. custom. NOTICE. . to. ,.the''bleak, northwest .or to the 'far, southwest in order' to make stock Scarborough, Joeremoved.. There is a great demand' among .A meeting of the board of county : ... ', White,. J. R., .. . ,,..removed. the sawmill men and planters of commissioners of Marion county, raising successful and highly a I profi-- District No. 1. Georgia and Florida ,for: labor of this Florida, held on Monday, October .1, i table,'industry- Having the vast area Brown, Joe, .. . v. v.dead. lass, and the former have, appointed 1906, the following were named as above, stated, unsurpassed, in extent Jateman, Paul D. '. .''; , ., and _suitability. for'the raising of livestock Glint; Z. .. ... .. ; . '.'(dead. a"committee to confer with the immigration election to be held in November, '= .' ; of eyeS! kind, it would seem unTaecqunfau.ethatthisindustry Hagin, Adolphus, ? .- ,.. ,, .dead. promoters. 1906: ,'t ,.' < should Mathews, Wililam, ..' t. ,,,removed. Start a similar movement in Flor- Ocala, Dist No. VJtox No. 1-C. y .. scTlong:, $thaln'comparatively Mathews, 4-, A.' .. .., .. .,removed.. .. ida, or co-operate with the Georgians. M. Livingston, J.: T; Lancaster, D. A.I Bilious ? District No. 9. and stop this eternal about lack Miller inspectors; J. M. ! L :chaotic, or ,passive, ,condition, A rem- cry { .Bonable. would Bush, G; B. ? ... ; ... ..Removed. Qf labor to do anything' in lines of clerk. Box No. 2.-D, S. Wi 3.ham"I solution of.the, trouble : G. . .. .. John Pasteur , lash, J. .removed. ndustry,-Jacksonville Metropolis W. C. inspectors The ; -. seem to.be. twojfold: : First' Ignorance Bush, M. D. .. .. :j. ..removed. ; W. W. Clyatt ,clerk. l' only sure cure fOt - -;: of,the ,truej] situation! 'on the part of Bush/C. D . ,: .-. .dead. How to Cure a Cold. Reddick Dist. No. 2-S. L. Friday, constipation and Biliousness \ those.ipeoRleIn! ,,;other states interested Blue, C. ... ',. .' ? .. ", _-j.-- dead The question of how'to cure a cold. C.1.. Cam, L. S. Light, inspectors; that is .. In such mat ( s sxmainlybacau the Clements, ,Chas .. '.. .. .dead. without loss of time is Ed. Rou, .clerk. pleasant,' natural )real: conditions. lave never been placed Dykes, J.: E. .4 .. .- u. .. .'.remove d. lone in which unnecessary we are more cc less interested Flemington,, Dist. No. '3-W. D. and Safe is ,' before them in''a,proper and at. Yeeman S. C. -, .-,. H...removed. ,. for the quicker a cold is Mathews, C. H. Gray, Ben Mixson, 1 Harris, H.- H. ..removed jr., inspectors; D. E, Mathews,. clerk. f tractive form. Second because of ; t .'' gotten rid of the less the danger of , ; ; J. H.. .. ., .. removed. Cotton Plant + .certain. ; Moore Dist. No. 4-J. L. B. and dis- ohsVER1L a- sort of prejudice that ex pneumonia otner serious \ . Pendarvis G. wremoved.: of Hudgens,, J. F. Parker, J. H. .Pierce ' istsvin.the'minds eases. Mr. B. W. L. Hall,, Waver- 1 I of many persons .to iJ'l Aussell, Chas vV. .. ...removed. inspectors; C. Y. Miller, .clerk ly, Va., has used Chamberlain's Cough ' f the; effect>that!; toe..growing of. stock Starke, Jno. L. . ? .removed. Remedy for and says': "I firmly Romeo, Dist. No. 5-A. J. Markham, I ,AND TQN1C PELLETS tt ' 'cannot ;jsucced in! what they; are Smythe, T. C. ; .' ,' .. :> ,removed. believe Chamberlain.s'years Remedy J. A. Wiggins. J. B, :McGehee; inspec- 1 . Cough - h, erroneously .to, call District No. 10. tors Joe J. Turner Th Pills stir the liveiition : pleasedAthou .; to be absolutely the, best prepa- ; clerk. e lazy 1.0 1 }# Fort. Oliver.'. ,. .. .removed. Heidtville, Dist No.6-A. t : arihdt climate, scouraged, with insect ? I ration on the market for colds. I R. =: ;. pests jof every kind fatal ,to. animal Smith, P. ...- ., .< ...> ...dead.Vrjit i have recommended it to my friends Brooks, H. A. Ross, R. D. Stokes, in the Tonic Pellets clean _ -: "f, .. Frank, .. .removed. I spectors; Charley Whiddon, clerk. r r ; life., In the first instance, people and they all agree with ne": For sale impurities out of the body : :' District No. 11. Shady Dist. N& <-Ti J, Barnes, , cannotJtnow.Jhe'real truth simply! by all druggists. m ;; Blodgett, J. S. .. .. .removed. John Morrison, James Goens, Inspectors so \that the liver and all the ' intuition and in the second there'is'absolately r by ,. H, 3_* *; <..** ', ,removed. Not Alarmed a Bit ; J. M. Douglass, clerk. -, no foundation' for'such District No. 12. Summerfield, Dist. No. 8-J.. W. other organs act properly. Editor Frank Harris, 'of the OcalaBanner belief. :Tlief .truiu is.,the climate ,cf Blodgett?J. F. .. it'ji .-.;.. Davis, W. .S. Grimes L. B. Branch, , v' Florida is'an ideal one 'for stock ''rais- Callgrove, Silas j :. .'removed. now pleads that Governor inspectors; S. J. Diliard clerk. ing. In southern Florida is found the Callgrove, T. F. . .removed. Broward's Everglades drainage Lake Weir, Dist No.. 9-Charles f : '- '. .greatest grazing: region 'east of the McRae. John . .. .. .removed. scheme to be a practical test, especially Clements, J. H. Moon H. K. .Harris, No 'f ripingo ... Mississippi;' the climate is perfect, McRae, W. C: .. .. .. .. :. =. .re oved. as Marion county will have no inspectors; W. E. McGahagin, clerk .. : ii} never cold enough to kill the grasses, District No.- 13. tax to pay for it Please examine that Moss Bluff Dist. No. 10-E. L. Martin : .. ., [ Purging . }'. >- which in 'in Graham,"'Marion, . .re oved. proposed amendment and see if it J. T. Lewis, A. W. Fort, inspectors , grow as green January as Gunter A. T. .. ,.removed. will not"permit the drainage board to : J. C. Pillans, clerk. I '- June, and where good water is in Martin, W. L. ... ? ..removed. establish a drainage district in Marion Grahamville, Dist. No. 11-P5 L. just a nest%ai and easy t . bountiful supply at all seasons ..of the Elasslngaaie, C. F. .. H ,removed Duriso, B. I. Hull, P T. Randall, in-. common nsc Treatment l, .year; even the longest drouth known Roe. A. L. .-. .. .. .., removed. county and apply the taxes derived spectors; B. L. Hickman clerk. whidB fails has failed to prouuce a scarcity of Thomas, J. E. .. ?. .. .removed. therefrom to draining the Ev- Salt Springs. Dist TSo 12-W, P. never _ water; it is never hot enough to injure -Turner, E. R. ... .. .. .removed. erglades. It. in actual application of Williamson. D. E. McRae Enoch to cure* ' .; stock and insect pests are only District No. 14. the project, the taxes derived from Wells, inspectors; Calvin Long clerk. troublesome during parts of the Siaims: Jas. W: ... ... .removed. this southern district should prove Fort McCoy Dist., No. 13-W. S. SpecialOffcr. :f I. months of May and June, after which District No. 16. insufficient for the purpose; there is Priest G. D.J.Turner. W. Joseph Thomas Cut the"I.ittl n out I ' time they ,disappear.-Kissimmee. Valley :Moore, J. P. .. ,dead. nothing in the amendment to prevent inspectors;Springs Stevens Dist. No., clerkrOrange 14-D. and. mail to with the ad: ' f'' Gazette. District No. 17. the drainage board from laying out H. Mathews, D. M. name of your. aggist and irmayhv ' Waldron L T.Matchett. . } .j Atwater, H. A. ,. ..removed.. districts in other parts of the state a 1 LiFsTreatEndPeUets- "The. ,Wine of the Lord's Supper." Cornell M. J. ... .. ...removed. and using the taxes from them to clerk. inspectors; Frank Jordan' mentofthePilwith . .. Gooden, Burrell, ?' .. _. removed. the work in the Everglades our comp - along Linadale No. :1ts. Dist. push 15-C. A. Mc- _ Godson Harry, .. ... .. .,.. .removed. . _ t -. .. '''','/: ..;,... Some weeks ago ,we printed an ,extract Hall, Daniel .. .. ? ., ,removed. ,-Punta Gorda Herald Craney, J. B. Booth. T. L. Johnson Ra n's Brownie -Calendar-Free ' .. ., ,. from an article by Prof. F. B. Heath; E. H .. '. .. ..removed. In the judgment of the Ocala Ban- inspectors; C. J, McCraney clerk. ' ;'sy Moodie, of Lake City, under the above Hamilton, 0. S. . ..removed. ner the "drainage board" "d" have Citra Dist. No. 16-W. J. Crosby, with Weather of [eca.sts'and Almanac information. Given with roar W ".: Johnson only over "swamp and D. F. ISmmons Stuart Ramey, in purchase L's Liver Pills and Tonic Pellet. :-,3; ,title, 'which was a reply to an ar- Frank .. to.removed. jurisdiction spectors R K. Wartmann clerk. : ',' Jones D. A . .removed. overflowed lan s." ; , : title by Rev W. D. Turnley of sime :0. Anthony Dist No. 17-A. R. Grit owls Manufacturing Company, Kates, W. M.. .. .. . .removed. S'- Louis Mo. CrcvnavllU.Tonn. weeks - before and - we are requested to fin, E. C. Sims, Warren Milligan; lit For Sale by Tydl ;, Lamb, J. Mr-. .. .-. . .removed. To Judge a Remedy & Co., Ocala Florida. print Mr. Turnley's reply thereto. spectors; J D. Bassett, clerk.Aiartin . .. Lee,.M. L. .. ?. .. removed. you must know its father and mother nA" ..r .;.' :The following is .the gist of Mr. Meadows.'E. R. ... . .removed. ,. and so understand the reason forts uisi. Ao.18-F. M. Townsend . gist of Mr. Turnlej s reply." (We Pills and J. J. Knoblock, W P, Wood, in Martin, W. H. ,. ... . .removed. existence. Ramon's liver : ,.; haven't space for the whole article.) Marsh; L. B, ,.. i,, ,. ., .removed. Tonic Pellets, Treatment for Sick spectors Stanton; N.Dist.J. Townsend No. clerk. . 19-H. -'.. He says that the germ of ferment is Price, J. M. .. .. .removed. Headache, Dizziness Pains in. the W. J- E. C. Morrison -. Oi Allsopp Adams ala _ T In the air and that no chemical Scarborough W. H. ,. ..removed. Side, Constipation, and Biliousness, tors; Geo. E. Sow clerk. inspec- .t. Wine Rool1)s '- change can take place in'the grape Stuart M. J. ., ., ... .removed. is based on the formula of one'of the Blitchton, Dist. No. 20()-J. B. use ) ,Thompson,.Major, ,. dead. greatest physicians ever known. All ' until it is exposed to the air; the ", George, E. L. Ferguson: W. P. Ham- ..' Stroud, M. .' .,, .i .-. i. .dead. druggists will guarantee Racoon'sLiver fact Is .that fermentation S. does not to moves, inspectors; J. McCully, : Pills and Tonic Pellets cure District No. 19.. clerk take place tutu after the juice of the Blair, W. H. .. sick headache or refund your money. ' ..removed. _ T grape has been exposed .to the fer. if Belleview, Dist. -No. 21J. A. Free Whole treatmnt 25 cents. '. neat In the air. Brannon c.. L. ,., ? :i. .. removed. _. _- man, J., L. Wishnant, Joe Lucius inspectors - Alcohol : is the OLD .' pro Blair, Jas. F. :. '.. ?removed. ; .O. M. Gale, clerk. (4l EGHAN duct of fermentation and distillation Belcher, W. L.. ,. .. ....removed. I McIntosh, Dist No.. 22-J, W. Reed, .o.and'not one of tne component parts Berry Chas .. ... ..removed. I COHDITIOH H. M. Estridge, J. S. Neal inspec- " ; ." of nature's juices. In other words. Cox H. J., .-, r- . '..removed. @ tors; W. E. Allen clerk. / ,. \c. fermented wine is universally mown Chace, D.. \\". .. ,. .. ..removed. rLGIlHAI Pedro, Dist. No. 23-S. G. Lovell' / < to be alcoholic and unfermented Cox John H. .. .. o." ? .removed. J. C. Terry, H. R. Shaw, inspectors; - ._ wine* non-alcoholic. Carter, J. W. .. .., ,. T.removed. 'M. M. Proctor, clerk. PURE RYE. '. The word translated "wine"' in connection Carter;, Chas. .. ," ... ...removed. Dunnellon. Dist No. 24-J. L. Leitner. / ' with the adjective "new"* Dyle Richmond .< .. .. .removed. TnteAawawACuRc I. J. Titcomb, H. D: Wood, in"Candler . Davenport, W. S. ., ,T .., ..removed. .E Dist. '' u clOv No. 25-J. N. Marshal I IJ I Put xt means unfermented.: Tae.expression Diliard, L..M, .. .,. ... ...removed.Freeman Sii1IN T CATTLEITbrr44tfl' '8 .- 0. Hightower Albert McLain, In- ti in Greek Is "oinoa neos," ."new wine. John, .. .. .. ,,removed. PWttNWTST n. spectors J. H. Mathews, clerk. I t 4 full Ots Hence. :.Chrisfi: Itsjement:. :"I will Freeman, Burt' ,-. .. .,' ...removed. M ANY' rOR VURS OtSCASf W IV TO STOCK B!cot OF BEST AUMKOSflDBSU KBUCmf? 01"tHASKH specters; ,"W. J.. 'Miioa, clerk. r fri R rH ? :.: not drink henceforth of this fruit of Gild John .* H',. .. ... .removed. tttCVK AM lOAUM MilMMQ! HJAkDtKOaOlft0VE Sparr, Dist. No. 26-D.. Grantham I a , , :? > : the vine until that day when I drinkIt Goodwin. Arthur .:>: ** ,, ...removed. TILGfMANS IT IS. NOT A ceo BUT' '!jaw A 5tCtl toICIit J. Love 'W, D. Eminisor. inspectors; y Cartoons TRIAL uDSAVtY) AIHMA15. K ; new with you,in my'Father's King- Gary, henry; .. ... .:removed. PRitt 25 CENTS W A'wlua S. E. Civils clerk. Deljv Gatland. E.:C. .. .* .. .. .removed.. rcasAreTAu.RETAlrDWGC TS tWI'JfWt1tD ev Eureka / -, ; dom, .Is a distinct 'declaration that Dist No. 27-E. E. Howard, , .> Gardemn, Eo'. C. ... ,, i ....removed. ACKERHAN8 J,, H. .Prevatti. Henry Dudley ed at 4. ; ,;?,He will drink,, the, unfermented (non-, :STEWAAT.FA&J: inspec-. ; your : .. Gunn, Fred M- H .; .. ,. ,removed tors; Irvin Wellhorner clerk. e. <'. .".alcoholic' grapejuice with his disciples Hector. ..Jos.'IL.. ... ., .-, .removed. Levon Dist' No,. 28-J, Y: Hicks /Expre .:>. : in his father's. )t gdom. Wo.'T. ., .. ... Office ""- Hyde t." .removed. H. .E. .Morris. M.;B.. Pritchett, . \ -. ;. .. : Johnson, John, -,. ... ..: ;.removed. Fine Brood Mares. ;" B. F.Turner..clerk.Kendrick. inspectors I ; Afflicted. 'with Sore Eyes for 33 'Years Johnson, Frank ..' ,, ;'.removed. We have just gotten ,in. a car load ; Dist No. 29-G..B.- t : ':" 1" ( Mote; D.'C.'i" '-..,. '.,, ,.removed. of the finest brood mares ever broughtto pell C: L; Whitehead ,Chap. f Fbi' . ..a ': "i have-been afflicted. .with.sore. Morrison,,,John. ... ,.4.,.. ...removed. the state and' to see.'them is to ad. inspectors; '(X C. Priest, W.Jrv'A.,clerk.Fmley' / 320.Q ; -.' """'. mire hem. .We will sell 'them at . . McColly for : ' eyes thirty-three: years;. Thirteen ? : .removed. 'MarteL,.Dist No. 30- J1uIar ', 'years ago I became totally blind' and Robinson Robert .,, .,removed. veri reasonable" 'prices.. Coaie 'andandlook inger, ':&[;VP., Prink, FW.Henry Secfo '$1.OO &: f -, fIs" Z- was .blind for 'sIz years My. eyes Ricker,E. L. *Y." ; ..! .,.., r.Trenioved. them over at BUtch" in.' a r spectors Arthur *t" > ';:' 'were' badly inflamed. One, of Smoak. W... ,H,. ... ,>! ;., ,/.rehl 'ved. MARION FARMS' STABLES,, Fa1rfteld; Jist.'No.: Cuthlll. clerk'' "r it Whiskey; &{. my' neighbors insisted '.upon.. m'ltrr Simmons.John; 9.. f s. ..removed. x Y. Ocala. FUu J., 31-A\: G. Yougej, ,Compte wtt ; BDeyoe: . C. f1.'r:: :.>:,;,- Ing Chamberlain's Salve and gave mehai4a Simpson..'John F. :,.- *. ;.. i.rowed.Simpson. i D:& .Payne;'r.c."c1erL'WU1s. inspectors. ;- 7 i Price list .j. ,"= ; ) ;: > ttg Henry; removed.: 1ial1.racks foraiI mamierQf I + " xpt,11T\'TO.my,8\U'Pri i houses; Geiger = Dlst : , No. -5 ' : ,; ;: : fig gales : 'f healfj4 and sightcame- Turnke7.tJohn .removed.; -. the Carry: ; g anyeyes try ,-U'lJ. "most pr umptlous-. : the ; jGalaf"H .b c1( tta me.P. C"Earles C nthtana; tWbtP Geo L. .. ..;Te.moTed.- humblest Prices are decidedly right :;ADreheSitFiweager' II spec, ! : - .,,1';"" 'K1i" ...Chamberlains"druggists. Sa1ve.lb! I() I ,1District:. No. 21.... Try" us 'and'"'see. ""Oc la' Furniture rs.iip.\R.'h ;;.Zetrouer clerk: '1 ous : ; : : --. : -' GUq: 'i..F j -. ,.removed.4th T'SISTRUNK,- -4ta. R : - ,ty. ... JQ. i, ; i '- Co:; -T ; r, -a- , , .. r -.. .J .- ... .. .r \courtt.Marion t.' ( . .. : Com t , % : : . :; "> .. . o. .. :;> -" "iy ""-:. :.\. ...., 5 --: : ; "" ,;: ", 1 ": "' ?: 't : 1 ; . i ': x"r."" _:<:: .. : t2: % t" : - \- < ', '0.. : -; : < :.. ; :." !-.. ; ; .kk. ; i LORIDA., _,,,.,, .'-:,..,: c-. ' ... . ;-- ?",":I:;;" : '" ;., w "- ..... i F ; ;.o' : :: i.C- I : : ' :: ... _.. 7"5"c" "' :::? -,,- ,,:0 : : ., t" !it .? , . ''' ' <_ ,. : : : :. : :'" .,, :. C ( __" =_-'"_ . : : : ,:: : :;- : .:.:, - _ . .,1.Y;. qs -, _ 7' ,' t ;-:_ . ' ' SF.. r .i ..,' ., 'w : : : _ w '.4.pfN >+'.Ac n - ,X .J..<";;'' .;TIIpr >f A- BANNER. rp . {," 0- .4' _ "" ., c". . . .r THE '.:NEWSP APER..: "WHAT IS. IT BUT A MAP OF 'BUSY'LIFE: ITS FLUCTUATIONS AND VAST CONCEBNa"-COWPEE. < -, A i VOL. 41:,. NO. 18." : OOAJLA,. FLORID, FEIDAY, OCTOBER 26.. 1906. ,ONE: DOLTiAH A YEARS ' - ... - . f JIPPEHIIGS; ABOUt TOWN. When asked whether he favored or Mr. Jewett Honored. i Good .Aldermanic Timber.To Charming Party for Miss Luclte Lan, An Eye to Business. ' x was opposed :to the drainage scheme Mr."'W. L. Jewett was signally hon- the Editor. Ocala Banner; caster. Miss Jennie Jones and Bob Henry . MISS :SARA. EUZABETH; HARRIS.- Congressmtn Sparkman shrewdly re- ored by the Knights of Pythias at I have heard it suggested that Mr. .- were married at the Jones mansion Local" Editor.. marked' that he had "troubles of his their'meeting'' on Monday night He James R. Moorehead had in him the I Miss Cora Looney gave a chafing last night says the Cooleemee, N. C. o was presented a very handsome gold making of good aldermanic timber for .dish'party Thursday night complimentary Banner. The bride is the daughterof . C nMr. ;jewel, known as a "veteran's jewel. the second ward, if he were preessedInto to Miss Lucile ,Lancaster, of our constable, who made a good c Mr., J. 'E. Stevens; of the*"Crystal and Mrs. A., 0. Harper, of i To obtain this coveted prize one must service.Mr. Ocala, Fla. and Mabel Thomas, of officer, and will undoubtedly be reelected - i', Lumber':company,; was a bustRiver' DaIsy Ernest, Mrs C. C. Stevens and Mr. have been a member of this order Moorehead Is one of the most Kelton, Ala.. The beautiful home never next fall. He offers a fine : ;z ness visitor to, Ocala Tuesday. Rawls TT' of Fellowship Mrs. for twenty-five years continuouslyand competent and practical. men 'in the looked brighter of more attractive horse for sale in the next column. y { William DeHon, of Blitchton, :air.: J. in good standing and after secur- with its wealth of cut flowers grouped The groom runs a grocery store oitf 11: Mr. ,J, B. Grjgg, one of- the prosperous M..Sellers,, of Berlin, and Mr. and ing itIs exempt from payment of city.Good, common practical sence is about and the stately palms and ,Main street and is a good patron of farmers living across the Mrs..J. M. Bryan of columns, and ,has .a i Martel, were visiting dues. needed on the city council much more ferns that greeted one in the reception our advertising ' Ocklawaha was .in 'Ocala Tuesday in Ocala Tuesday, Mr. .Jewett. in a few" graceful words than bushels of "hot air." ball together with the brilliant .'good line of bargafafs this week All ''with a .wagon load,of,cotton., Miss thanked the donors for this honor con- Mr. Moorehead has a thorough illumination made a picture that was the summer he paid two cents more Eloyse Izlar, who has been said that the and his for butter than store.in town., ." ferred on him and knowledge of street building indelibly stamped on heart and brain. any ill for the Mr,. A,34 Douglass, a' prominent improving past ten weeks; is now daily "jewel" would ayways remain one of suggestions along this 'line would As the young people gathered and ex* I The happy couple left on the ten merchant and orange grower.of'Citra; being able to sit up fora his most treasured possessions.Mr. save the expenditure of many an unnecessary changed gre'tlngsl.me form- 'of o'clock train for Milwaukee to visit 'r was In 'the city Tuesday.- 'He;reports friends.few minutes hope) each, day. Her many Jewett has held many offices dollar. I amusement was suggested, so cards the bride's uncle, who is reported 'that :the white fly is quite:;bad, in; Ms I short that it'will only be ;a of trust in the K. of P. lodge and has The streets are in *n awful plight I turned out to be the medium. There have lots of money and Bright's di ''grove.. ; I be very able to be while'out now until she will always been enthusiastic in all work now/and the exigency of the times were six tables of enthusiastic play I sease. Bob certainly has an eye for .. again. pertaining to the lodge ans is certaIn- call for good, practical level headed ers, and for awhile only the subdued' business.-Cleveland Leader. Dr. D. A. Smith, 'of Anthony a deserving of the honor bestowed on hum-of voices could be heard but . . prominent Confederate veteran, was Mrs. B, T. Perdue of Brooksville, him. men.Let's get men that are "worth finally the games ended as all games [Catarrhal Deafness or Chronic Catarrhal . transacting business in the 'city 'onTuesday formerly of Ocala has been appointed while" and don't let the public in- will and it was found that Mr. Montgomery Headaches. ' and called on various. ... of his [assistant woman commissioner to the terests go by default and our elections ; had made the highest score, Will be instantly: relieved by the Jamestown exposition A Bad Complexion.comes use of NOSENA, a soothing Catarrhal - r' Ocala friends.. from Florida.No .... become as a "dead letter and received a beautiful stein and better person than Mrs. Perdue from bad blood. Pimples oil the VOTER. Balm. Relief guaranted or money , Gardner Harness carried off the lone could, have been selected for this .of- skin acne, liver spots, sallow skin refunded. NOSENA contains no cocaine Miss. Evelyn Pelot went down to : hand, a cut glass talcum shaker. Music or harmful durg. Will Imme fice. She has attended quite dark rings about the eyes sick headache . Owen in Manatee county Tuesday to expositions in this a number pale worn out' look, dizziness To California. was then furnished by Miss ixio- diately relieve the worst running cold $33.00 ;, ',visit her father. Before terurning' is well informed in this .capacity line of work.and will all disappear if you take a treat !Now 'is the best time of year to ney and then came the chafing dish rose cold, nasal catarrh, hay fever, home she will also visit relativesatBradentown. ment of Ramon's Liver Pills and Tonic see California. The farmers and supper wn an epicurean might throat trouble hoarseness etc. by Pellets for sale at all druggists fruit growers can tell you all about have envied. Those; present at this tenderly soothing the inflamed, diseased d, > Mrr1Edwin! Pr Pittman of the firm and put your blood in good condition. the bumper crop of 1906. delightful party were Misses Lancaster membranes. The well known of Pittman &. Son, of this This treatment does not force things catarrhal aches can be instantly relieved - city, and Low one way rates every day to and Thomas, the honorees, Lillian Miss Sue. Anderson ,who' "r has, spent who recently opened a. branch store -the pill touches: the liver, urges it October 31, 1906, $33.00 from Chicago Morrison, Fannie Kennedy, by the use of this remedy. the past }''month with relatives at at Coleman in Sumter'county, came to action; the pellet following (purely and correspondingly low rates from Mrs. Fannie Mathis Paine, Pa.. ' / Mary Smithers Bernice Terrell and "I have been trying NO- says your Wilmington, N. C., has returned home. up, Tuesday to look after his Ocala vegetable) strengthens and aids all points east via Union Pacific and Ston- .. and Messrs. T. M. the bowels and digestive Beware Cora Looney, SENA for catarrah and have been en - She had a most enjoyable organs. Southern Pacific railways.Be . x and summei interests! Mr. Pittman has just recovered of violent purgatives. Ask for tickets read rod, Montgomery ,Gardner Harness, tirely .cured. Send me the prise for a' accompanied home by hei from a short illness. He sure your over dozen tubes, as I want it for some reports -Ramon's it is the only combined Claude Gill Eearl Gross, Eearl Mor- this line. of friend, Miss Thurber Gore Inquire who will I everything flourishing at Coleman treatment put up in this way on the J. F. VanRensselaer rison .Frank Kennedy, Neal Gross, of my neighbors. 1 spend the. winter with Miss AndersoIJatl.the.home L and his prospects Large tubes, 50 cents at all drug a big business market. Entire treatment 25 cents.A. 124 Peachtree stret Atlanta Ga. Hall Hollman, Will Hubbard Mr. of her parents Dr. and t gists or sample tube on receipt of ; there Js bright. Mrs. Pittman and Mrs. Mar Thomas, Mr. and Mrs. Mrs. William ten cents in stamps by mail, Brown' 1 < Anderson, on Fort Kim has t # ne ue., recently returned home from a L. Webb's Clearance Sale is A. L. Webb's Clearance Sale is John Prude, Mrs. Burns and Mrs. Looney. Mfg. Co., Greenville, Teniu, St Louis, visit to relatives in Georgia. still on. x still on. x .-Colorado, (Tex.,) News. Mo. " a - -- ----- ---'--- ' ..... 'ix' : 'J Big Line of 'Ladies'i Misses' and 'Chiidren's.A tsfor I 'yr: I j-I':. ...., I" ''' q. .-.A -..." ..-"......=- '-I- Ladies'' Home '.'' j. : . ,<,!;,fi. ... .I! Sk" t.: 'X- X". ;... ::t.. '- I CLOAKS b Journal tA. v !'li: I' < .", x"" X X Patternsw .. I l , r ." V '. " { { THE VERY N EST AND BEST VALUES TO BE FOUND ANYWHERE IN OCALA , . ,0.;;:10( , ":;:: \? j t;:(::"._: :. 4UNDERW ,;: R, F : We sell nothing but Best values in Men's, Women's and _. . \ y ': ,/:' For Men-Ladies;:: anf Children. honest merchandise Children's SHOES to be had/ ' ej'L ....,. { _ " 1- -- - : - T-- 1 . - --- ---- : 'k '. Ii YOURS TO PLEASE ,:---' --. : '},.;':,:.- J, I! .'r""" ryAmerican; I -- 1., Men't S, : K.:' *:' .. .....".""f\t..,: "<-o' '" ....: i " .., ."" !fU ,-",, ....- I t. . Ladies'Children's ; ; - I 't' ' . Lady \ . "1 ... 1' '. .. 1. IvenstonMail - . = "! . f -s - Corsets f i : L Orders Solicited ; Hosiery. : . _J ---.. I. '. i- __ __... , ' '''- ' . '" .. J , ( ; . - lit... ' 4.' __ _._ n -- ,. t ,4 .. .. THE AMENDMENT ITSELF;, t and OYerfloRedUxabte ) * t. the"-'G such drainage .($Met and levy there. -a_... Across the Water. I-, ... out for $1 'perbox on the trees The Under. Which : no "s Drainage on a acreage not exceedin? ten Ray-Langf rd. What They are Doing in the Land of, paper says the crop. '.is' ripening fast Scheme' Is -to be''Carried "When will the ,southern whites " cents'per s: V on. nook to be fixed annually Something a little out of the unusual learn thet the Grapefruit. and Pine. and shows. better quality than' .last "t:, by said bc' commissioners that proper way to protect } . "of drainage occurred at the Presbyterian year. j.F, The Ocala Banner publishes the and their women Is to organize a really Quite a few acres of beans have been: the various counties enl church on Sabbath evening. Mr. The packing houses at Kissimmee following known ,as the' "D inage braced in Lrt efficient police: and to punish crime planted at Lotus. : or whole] within such Goff anounced at the morning service are being put in order for the :;.: Amendment, for the Information, of ,drainage:d against them' with prompt judiciary R._ F, Hansen, of Pine Grove, is season's ' trlct districts shall re. of the ' ;that at the beginning evening crop of fruit and vegetables. ; the voterS the county who will pass ceive such severity instead of killing in a foolish putting In a couple of acres of sweet . ist lists and :enter the would take The'orange S or service a marirage placein crop of this county is not upon it in the election next month: same upo" panic of rage men, who possibly potatoes. . c. /the tax rolls of .the county the church. As no names were aa large as last year by 15.(){)(), boxes. or con are entirely innocent? We sympathizewith G. W. Stanley, of Antioch, has . es in which said lands mentioned there was considerable At Whittier orange groves continue ' ARTICLE XVIII. may lie a the whites in their horror at sold his crop of oranges to Dwight. d the amount so levied by guessing and quite an audience was to hold their own, and are In- fine : 'f. That the following amendment to the boa tine the thought of what defenseless women Crum of Plant City, '--. Mr. of drainage 'commisison- preSent. At the appointed stape for the season. The growers have to endure from black criminals A fine 50x90 packing house has just :: Article XVI of the constitution of.:the ers in.s sij jch manner and form as may Ray and Mrs Langford, of ocala there are opposed to the bad habit of r but must been 200-aree Flow- we protest against the completed in the ,.; state of Florida be and it is herebyagreed be Ares fibed by the board of drainage made their appearance and were married -> flooding the market with unripe fruit - folly and crime of at Estero. the methods of eree. grove f to and shall be submitted to com ssloners from time to as announced.-Eustis cor. in pro- t<5ce none of the crop has been tection which they adopt.'i-London At Mims oranges are showing good :;' the electors ,of the state at the general time, w rushed ; ch amounts shall be. .collected Times Union. on the market-New 'York Spectator. color and large sizes, and shipments .election,, to be held on the first b the. various lax collectors of This piece of news will be quitea Fruit and Produce News. Tuesday, after the first Monday in the couif ies wherein.such levies have surprise to the friends of Mr._ and "The truth is that Americans ought will soon start in earnest i, American Teams to Play in England. ;- November, A; D., .1906 for ratification been mf to abrogate that part of. the constitution The first oranges' the season ' d le as other taxes are colleted Mrs. Ray in this city.FrazeeGrant Special to the Ocala Banner: = or 'reject1ontSec,32. : ,..in" t '''cordance w th. lawt: and .pay which rebates to the black pop were shipped from Antioch last week [ .New York, Oct 23.-For the first . 4 V : The governor, the comp-; : over :sa J amoun\a .opted: to the At the home of the bride's parents, ulation. be prepared to treat it as at G. A. Franklin being the shipper. time In the history of the association .. ..troller' the state, ''treasurer.,the'attoiney : board ,of drainage< ,cpginiissloners" ;and Mr. 'and Mrs. Andrew' Green, Arcadia, present a distinct race on the lower The orange crop of the Rockledge football teams representing the < but <* general and the sommisisoner'oiagriculture i sajd"co ; ssiongrshalll havQ'a hen Miss Nellie Grant, was, on October scale:. 'of evolution'' and deal with it section will medium, in quantity. i United States and England will meet ? .of/the tate;; .of Fldrda# = I su rior. all 'atlliens.upon the 17 united in wedlock, to Dr. E./ W in a special'way This does not sign- of excellent quality this year.L. 'in International competition. Today .; ; ., Partin of Cross Praire, has ' and their successors; fn;? 3pffic%* tasablq I dsuanl: 'such drainage Frazee, .of Jacksonville The bride fy segregation, but it does mean in a arrangements were completed to hereby' constituted,andf;deslgnatedasa districts\ r Ile, Woice yjax: levy has won a host of friends in Arcadiaby sense, separation-the separation that some egg plants that are"this looking fine.. send an American eleven to England board' of drainage C mmissipner, for theDot anywork:done under her most Jovable disposition and involves, the relation of. master and He commences shipping week.G in April 190T to play an English team.- : ,and herebf-'authorized ;arid'enf the Tprovi' : *'oir been servant ,of class and class, and implies W. Carter, of Daytona has gone ' ; ions" hereof, done priorto spotless character. She has assisting Only one match will be played and l poweredttq establish systempt eanals. the adtptlon of.tbis amendment her fatner ,in the postoffice> a certain ..amount of association. to Fort Louderdale, where he will the gate will be governed by the dateof drains levees dikes'and;'reserf Ude5tie provisions of"an" act),Of the _Dr.. Frazee is a young man of .sterling .Neither does it :signify Injus engage In trucking, paying special attention the cup: tie for the British cham- ' [ fir vnf_ 'snf ri dimensions: and.- depths; lesislatuo" _ftft r j .iJ'jyTbit ... 19o s ,J quals and the soft of Rev H. :tic!; the denial of racial and social to tomatoes.A. The famous, Palace w**t? */* vwv** ? m JIt it CU '&a' pionships. Crystal ? ; Intheitdgment of'the said board I equality ,is not a denial, of equity. W.. Terwilliager Mims has f = as Jacksonville. 'grounds- will hold over SOI". 'the'board' ot'd a1nagetoners B. Frazee, of 100,000) organized a large'truck automobile to Js deemedadYiseableVto Their -treatme t .must be absolutelyjust commissioner* of dra4nage' ,Dr Frazee formerly lived in this spectators and have been secured for , .- be 'and is authorized from the to the rfeclalni the and .kind. It is the. intolerable haul oranges grove F drain and the grocery. the contest which will 4t Fair lake and was with : place om tq exer city - > and overflowed lands within ct s the right :X eminentdo.main injustice of the. present _.state'of, station; capacity over 100 boxes, the swaea Saturday preceding the English his home. ' sucbrparts or J arii Condemnation Jot landiforation things that has caused, all the trouble -As)et no oranges or grapefruit have th ate jbf Florida ha ; , the 1 .. since leasing here he, become an cup tie Negotiations were completed aa' deemed best bysand : pf"Itscanaisf MrainsjlJe.dikesfand in the south."Give us simple justice been shipped frni" Dunedin growers ;is thereof Is and is making ,Jacksonville I today and theassoefa.tlon of foot. oculist ; qrf , dralttage comrdisisonere reservoirs, forj the ; the negroes ,say,. 'and the. race preferring to wait until their fruit ball organizations of New York Phil " f me t '.time ;and ko ii ivldo forreclaimed Ps, 368j" oresai4.. and"may i: 'g*'*r* Davis-Boring.Mr. problem .will solve Itself/ It is the fully ripens before sending Jt north.. E iron h1 up tn_1 I takj8rani( use Bueji' Tandsl--. .*Alf Mallette"Davis and Miss strict justice-accorded the negro in S.J/Sligh,of Jacksonville, says hefigures.the. Chicago ma tals'draips i ; v pending( fcondemnatjan p-. Louise Ward Boring were united in the ,West, Indies that has made him orange and grapefruit crop thevbest men 'in-their-states to send I .dikes' deem ..cessaryiforrsuchr the '.home 01 so-.contented, amendable and. law this season at .3,500,000 boxes. He ,, , -/ y marriage yesterday at tq England '- : ' a eras'r, yantage- ;Ju{.i ias ertainJng,tbOn | < bride at Pine.Both ." abiding.' Jit, wills however have to thinks prices should be about the: '" : .. :.. <. I i 0 the to th to t'1\A. r\"M''f or *,sueK 1'x these young people are, quite i be ,recognized, that they;,are .capable same as last year. ceCompany *ght ii to, be O.acge crates are coming Into |n- The Mutual Life t.n a - s f Florlde ;>ay. banes' In 'their neighborhood 'and of advancing and that they must be '* . 4 8 omfsuchTdfi .mag J shall be d- popular dianola by the carload,,and the pros.I of ,New. York. T--: - the_ nieice tli ? ,. havo many mends' an of'whom-wish given the fullest opportunity' of der, " 33,' I'htitt u r'y ?ired by Uje'jurf* them;':a life of sunshine land happy veleping whatever powers .they, peet Is now for thousands'' of boxes, Notice .t5 the, Policy ,Holders-The ,. - = age ,commissionethorfzeir are hereby an- : ec: 31.;t Tlia4legistnfe. (Tr pro- ness. possess.: 'The: theory<< that they are .acompletedproducti.ot tied with the fine Indian River fruit, official statement which may be used 4 _u ; :ibeneF ... i evolution does to go .9ut a few months .later.C. as a ballot- for' voting by mail, having' - drainage dis I reason of ,, '. not, stand. the test-ot' facts,?but lUs A. Dupont of Hastings, hag recently been sent to each' policy holder on 9 j. : thereof Go to,the Fair StoreYfor your dry true that the evolution 'extremely: pw..chUed.the'farm: belongingto October lit 'anr'yoter_; failing to receive ", _: daries thereof d S collection : ;* ' : vY e goods while'tbe BJg Clearance'Sale slow Fora long'time they,will haretobe B. ;Genover, located .at-Elkville:., the samein', the due course of- .Y5 1'time ; shall be paid '4 ; drained proceeds'tierefrom ; c 'doHars.- Nosheldy'goodsto ii .. to send 'b.IS __ Sx :on'Yoa: canae requested name '. *&-*:*- is ; - s# errand. ityltaherebl such, i oe*boaT****1**nrot;.,\sf firainage* Lft n"fe commlsJtwi4 -gy "dispose.therefore treated, not;"citizens of:& re and will operate it in future, raising and address to"the cotnpany'New. ....... ._:.- _ Ep i ; by 1 1se you 'cannot miss:UTnen' you boy publican state; but: 'aaL subjects. ." ? the 'usual .crop ot"Irish;'potatoes,:" ,. York City in order ttat ?a 4\1tUO&ttt < -,"'< ; f those*'_offered w h *. 4.L.-Webb s : London Standard,. : >r >s L, :The'Tampa Times' beUeYe8 that may:'be seat 1 m.i ';y.f' ;.% i' f" ,, r. '''t,.-''i l' :), "'" "' '. j},: t.. 't<.. ,, '.1!: /;; ..",'.. ;. '. ." ,j,.: .. "' i# : a ,: ; '" : 'ulJn UJ\ I i , : ; :. . ', ,- .t. < '_ "lJ '" .t J.i. 'A ; JZi :'S fU< '\ i. r {;.! .. '_" : \, I \ :,; : : $* , \ . t- 5s .. sj- .. ???Q. JfSUfliiSPt \ . ,,.. ' .. 4 1 : < :!.jd' <.t ..... ... : : } Wor t ,. :;;.* due ,J k .". .,,F.... .1do .. ,. - as -f"fni2--: .. ,. a- : 'tf./- ; "ii < . ". ., .z.>'1- "" ... "" 'i.Ar'1' t :t."a, , v .. '- ."" .' ; -f. ; "" , "- :" '. > ... 9'1 ; ; ; ' 1 ' 1. K" ' .tit !l { :.f .H<-- -" ,- '..i-' -." :,y -_; '' -o-.4,,,,>., ""''"-,. ",'., .' ',".-:, ''.'-''".'. :."' _'-_' '"' ..--_.'.'''"''-' "' ..,'f'F... : ,:', ;' ,'-,,,,,''- '';.'' .' ''' '--'':;'' ;'' '';;; : '">L': ",, :.--i, .'' ''" i:' > "'"'''': ''':': ':':!;,;:' -'?: ''''-' ';''"-"'<:f..':' '" ;'' ''''' :'' -' Pp; '. fP3r|| : _;.'pP, ._.cit. ;. .:;:.-.;,.::: [,'r't_ : " ; : ,: ',':' ;< .: c" --i- ': .. :-<" : -"' :' '''<''' ; : :: . <.- ":";,,'" ','c. ..o"..,, ::' ; .c : 'J' -.;.. ,,"":_:"';'"-",, '... ",, ,.' E" :'L' '' ,, : 'L ,"' ..".> ',:, ,;., ,...{ ';:<::!-., r'J. ': '" ,..,:r & : ,< . ; : 'f .e- : : ? : F' < '''s'! :; _ : : ; : : " <>TSIt 7" : :; :;> ,if< ;c_:: ,,:;: ::::, ,., : ;::: : : ; ::, : :. "",", ;;1'f'... .....f }. .'"" ->' ,-;,"''$. 1f1'-, -";<!. ,-,-.-.",,\.<>it. ""'"" \ : .t i ,. : " ; " : ;: ; ; ,.?,.." "ff 4Jr 'Ji. %, 4 "'1 4"" to>: <:' : ,:; 'Il" :. ; ,' 'L i' i4; l ", "..: '',' 1'. '. "" ",, '"0 ., "1' ... ,.. . 4 s ( t,'?" :-o--v; ., . '"**..,". .-t .. 4 T '''' -" ,- .'.. %tTjf f ....... . - .. Htd. -- A n .**- $ t'*% .. .. -; .,. .t*' Yr al'HE < xEY i4 } id a H'dW - DRAING ;OF, i' EVER' soiaTH 'GREAT NEED,, :THE' INCREAcEOFTHE, -1 JUDGE'S' 'Grandpapa HarrX14 s; :m Y t I OCALABR: ,'' : l hi! ong'rve have some\Tl1at1iIeas- nM RkOY i. TaE- c/f1i : G DESND.THE.. .; AMEND= ; SALARIES., :J- [ m ii1t MENTo' I< f "Editor Plank.. ;Harris, of the Ocd| JJ!' "'. Uyl resen.ted being referred> as s <" ..... '"" a -....... Ifi Banner*has?* just' returned 'from'a ,OBe''' be mendtntsrtobe yoted the 4enei ble" editor ofathe,*Ocala FRANK, HARRIS: Editor is a hard proposition1 unlearn visit to New York, and, judging from on -in the November election is ,for Banner;' the "patriarch" of the Flor .,,P._.",V;",. L'.'av ngoodr._ 'Busfneaa_,__ H'.j"anager._ the'.thing werhaverlearned makea some of his_ recent- editorial fie an-increase rin the salary .of--our-.supreme ida press etc r' but we>gues we-shall H HEADANDSCALP' : surrender f',.ofpur. first Jmpressions. tions, he has Drought lack.wtt himsame tjudgeaThis: is:article, Jfo. ,29. be. compelled Jo make an "wiFondttional : They'cling to its"as a*'k D.d of fetish Ideas that ;he is disposed to The present salaries of our '8U- -surrender and" accept tllfiseI' } and 'become.&s strong an< -"unyielding .. utilize ior-the. be1efitof..Ptor preme.judges- were. fi2xed up tards.-of weU..Jntende' titles with becooicsjdignity . he'has much. Prince which time as we are now actually aj: as 'a tradition.As which already done so twenty years, ago, j :'far. back as we can rememberwe :As -sample of these*Ideas,' the i the prices of all 'the'- necessaries'of I'grandfather. Bothered With Itching for a Long c haT been-edueated io'believethatlue following*,may, be,.-cited:.. -<>'-,.>_> -.- life, to say.nothing-.of..thealuxuries, ; .the 'little-king -was.- born, early j ->0... ....,_.. --, , T Found Ko Belief- lm iii'. . drainage of the Everglades was "If we were impressed" with one have increased over forty per cent, Monday morning and" is a fine little j e an impossible proposition. That their fact more than another on our re- with a constant upward tendency until fellow, without spot or blemish, tips Cutfcura1 ;Was Used-Kentucky inundation was caused not so much cent visit to New York it is that It has already reached the point the scales at eight and'a half pound, , by the overflow of Lake Okeechobeeas the pressing need.of the south is peo- where a man of family can' scarcelY' and; has lungs enough to make himself :lady Now Comp tety Well. from the overflow of the Atlantic pIe. If one stands 'on the sidewalk make ends meet living at the capItal heard far the .household. I Ocean and the Gulf 'of Mexico and in that city he witnesses a passing as it is one of the highest pricedof "His majesty" has been named in ,.. .... that the waters of the ocean and the throng during( all hours of th3 day all places in the state, to say noth- honor of his father and his grandfather WISHES SUCCESS TO -. gulf swooping over the lower portion Go where he will he meets people. ing of educating his children and lay ,, and will be e.ntered' at the I Mttto Thf Banner. believing, those. of the state made its drainagethe The street cars, the subway the elevated ing by something for a rainy day. coming "baby show" at the Jacksonville CUTICURA REMEDIES .f.fI tt the top, well able to :take care oft 'wildest kind of a dream railways are always crowded,' Already within the past eight years carnival and if the judges' will _ themselves 'has.taken its stand in the We were"also taught to believe and so are the hotels and department five of our ablest_ jurist have 'resign permit us'to lend them our eyes 4 that innumerable springs are. foundin stores. It is a jam everywhere. The ed from the bench because they could through which .to make .their inspection "After using Cuticura Soap Ointment $ with the barricades common people all parts of the Everglades, someas hotel at which we' stopped is not a not live on the salary they received be is sure to be. the prize win- and Pills, I am very dad tsay and it* fight will ,be made for the bet. large as Silver Springs, which added ., very pretentions one and yet its reg- and have gone back to the bar where ner. 1 am entirely relieved of that itching terment of those' at',the bottom. to the difficulty of drainage. ister i9'always fUll and so it was they are 'makingv from two to five humor of the head and scalp which I t r jejtMHHHMHMMeMMHeVMi'MMMBiVMniWHMMMlVHMMFRIDAY tVe )have been taught also to believe with all the hotels at which we called times the amount practicing law. Leather is always good if you listento was bothered with quite a length of OCTOBER 25, 1906. that if drainage were .possible' that When we got to Charleston and it is an 'indisputable fact, evidentto the cobbler; time. I did not use the Cuticura Rem- SS T7 Tp7T. .. T TT .,. r r the lands 'reclaimed would be valueless -, visited the Charleston hotel, the lead- the most ignorant layman that I edies began more to get than better three, and now times I am before com.pletelywell. I- , Tom Lawson ,is of the opinion that as they are nothing more than V ing hotel of the city we found that the state's highest court of, last resort A Doctor's Suit for Libel.A I suffered with that humor Hearst will win overwhelmingly, white sand'suchc-as we 0 find on the its register contained less than a should be composed of her very remarkable determinationas I on my head, and found no relief until I beach along the entire coast of Florida page of arrivals. Yet it is a large ablest and most learned lawyers but very took the Cuticura Remedies. I think libelous publication - what constitutes a If Governor Broward's drainage' and splendidly equipped establishment how can she, with, any reason expect to I' used several cakes of Cuticura Soap, , In Martin v. scheme. 'the All these things we have been ._e belt line street railway the requisite ability and talentto is contained three boxes of Ointment,and two vials adopted greatest - -' of Florida opportunities taught to believe from 'our youthup. a splendid line instead of being give their services for a fourth or Picayune, 40 Soutnern Reporter, 376. of Pills. I am doing all I can to publishthe getting. sugar in ', of < apparent packed as were the cars in/ New fifth of their earning capacity at the Plaintiff was a physician Cuticura Remedies for they have will still be found in ",aU hassee.- few ly'high standing in his profession and done me good and I know they will do York city, were carrying very ? statement not bar Indeed we printed a Times-Union. others,the With best wishes for . was a member of a medical society, same. --, long since from a1 gentleman, who passengers and s o the scarcity of The honor of the position counts for your snceess.n Mrs. Mattie Jackson: " the members of which are opposed to.. The .democratic, ; organization of' said that he had visited the Ever- the people" was marked on every,, a great deal and is, one that most advertising by physicians and had June 12, 1905. ilortoaaville, Ky. . New'. York county formerly openedits glades on several occasions and re- hand. lawyers strive for, yet honor will not resolutions denouncing that campaign last night with a ratification mained, in them for' three or four Nothing could be truernothIngmore buy bacon and potatoes and keep passed learn- meeting in Tammany hall months at a time and he confirmedthe to the point than this. New the pot boiling. practice. Defendant newspaper ed of remarkable cure affected by 12 YEARS' SUFFERINGCured jY a Xewis S.: Chanler, Senator Grady and statements above set forth. blood-new people-are what. Florida The governor is paid five thousand a Bourke Cochran delivered addresses Recently ,we' made a trip to Lake most needs today. dollars a year and Is furnished i mansion the professional skill of plaintiff and G . rather glowing accountof Sound and Well By Cut published and overflow, meetings were held. Okeechobee and talked with a great Men and money are essential to rent free, while our judges. supposed a ' _F many people-some of them pioneers, the push, progress and prosperity of to be our .ablest men are paid the case, stating that other physicians cura Soap and Cuticura Ointment Another: ,fallen idol, is Mayor Wea who have been living there a long any community; but of the two, men but three thousand without: any man- had; treated the patient with- Expense of.7sc. ver,' of ,Philadelphia. Only a little time, all familiar with the Everglades must be put first sion. out effect, 'and containing various while agohe was..being praised from section: ,and without exception protested For it is a fact that we should It is of course known that we, now other laudatory remarks. Plaintiff alleged ,"I had been suffering limb for and twelve had Dan to -Beersheba and now' he has that the lands in the Ever- never be lost sight of, that towns are have six judges on the bench but that publication, though true years with a sore on treatment my ,and nona, gone,,behind.; a"dark cloud 'He tried glades are as rich as it: is possible made not by. their locations-not by three of hese judges are only recent. and obtained from the father. of the physicians me any give relief me until I got, hold of to,run ,machine. of his own and, got for lands to be and that the drainingof their "natural advantages;" but by ly placed' there and it is the under- patient was-not authorized by plain- gave the Cuticura Soap and Ointment, andI caught at. it Itls( ,a very common these lands is an easy proposition.. the people in them. standing that 'as'soon as the work of tiff and had' a tendency to lead the was cured sound and well with one _ tate among..reformers.-Tampa,Times'' That they are higher than the gulf What made Atlanta? Nothing but the court is caught up with that these public and his' brother practioners to cake of Cuticura Soau'and one bar of I ',. ', or the ocean and that Lake' Okeechobee the indomitable spirit of its people. three extra judges, shall retire so the believe that he was advertising and Ointment. I have confidence in Cuticura , three hundred stu the What enabled Jacksonville to .arise thereby caused them to class him in and I would not take ten doHass for oDe There. ! are over itself is highest point n that figures cited by Mr. Light will have F dente up at6t tetsonj.ynfxejsity4.andthe } section.oLthe state.being Snore ihan from the. ashes, and,._in;,_a, few shortyears to.b ., ut.ut.almost..JD.half, ? the category of quacks, whd alone, |twaTalleged" "box if,?I"knew" 'D.1L that: I Robertson could not;get' any. 'resorfeFfo advertising.Reversing more.: total continues increase above the level of the rehabilitate herself upon a scaleand ; by twenty-one-feet We believe that our public servantsare 29 1905. Newton, MBS. the arrival of new students. There in a manner that throws into the worthy of their 'hire and shoUld a holding of the lower Sept.cue,ExtanulufrlBtantlTmiBuat for j ew ' t 3 are'students from: all over'the state" of sea.These people are enthusiasts on shade \ier former stability? be paid salaries according to their court %hat this petition stated no 9muer itiIl,hum III C1Ukara.M Pimplct to Scroful, ik..,ointment from InBUKj,rae+to&An*>!- Florida. and from many of the northern the subject of drainage :land, agree If the. people 'of Jacksonville 'had stations and enough to',at least enable -, cause ot action' supreme court declares ,COIII not MM(in tom of chu .COlll84 PtUa,I.1G.per wiaIof6lmaybell..ao..l1 , st&tes.It\ is 'gobg'to{ben great with Governor Broward; that 4f [his nor proven themselves'equal: to:the them' torise, decently and with th4t' ?t, shows an actionable libel PattyDt3 a ChemCerp,rukPr.Q giI +, Solt6keel.tUne<,B.eu a Mw Z.. .iyear for Stetson, the e tlt !has eyer scheme is consummated that that occasion: the city would never have enough besides to educate their child '\ t I, .arMaiL4l'ree.".u.wtG Can"Haw Iwtuncj to elm Euan tat SH*...&txpsod B+iite.wd had.-DeLand 'Record.t .- section of Florida will quickly be- so rapidly and completely recovered ren. ;: .. come.the "gaiuenspot of the earth." from the staggering, blow, .,. dealt it 'a Four'.thousand" dollars-- now: Is no --- Talk about Hearst,, the ,demagogue and will add immense riches to our few years ago. .. as much''as, three thousand dollar n and the yellow journalist; 'as muchas state and indues to.-it a dense And why.is It that' the people of were twenty. years ago. ".. you please, but it is a fact:that,up copulation; Jacksonville have found possible to ;.,' in New York all, the; sate old plutocratic Jf we can' get our" own consent 'that rise above defeat and disaster A' hicagQ'woman knocked her.husband - trustrbfeeding republican influences the scheme itself is feasible and prac- Largely because of the constant' accessions down with an.alarm'clock* Then FDR. are fighting,him ferociously, ticable and that ,one tenth of the of new blood and new vigor she called time on him. ''ti and'that's ,the best reason in, the blessings,that are promised by its advocates by wn -\ vitality has .been sustaIned . world why the democratic rparty, 'allover ( will flow from it, the amend in the hour of ne9d.Frank ., ':The Scrap By"'** for November con-, ' > f the country' should back him up ment to be voted on'will not stand Harris is right 1e pressing tans biographical sketch of Hon. solidly in his present contest-Live ic our' way a little ,lttc need of the south is people" Napoleon B. Broward Governor: of ( A Ook Democrat It claimed that this amendmentclothes And the sooner this state awakensto Florida, under the title "From DeckHand 34 the drainage commission with that fact the better for alt .Con to Governer." 1h$4 % Shipments of 'cigars from :Tampa too much power but men. mast be cerned.-Pensacola Journal, c '" & ; $ i for the week ending October 6 here clothed: with power to accomplish big '( n't General Gilchrist says it is too 100. 4 6,370,00-the( largest week's shipment undf rtakings. Hearst Strikes Back. earjy.to announce for governor. Its of the'present'-'year Previously We clothe our officers'" already with Hearst is'getting back; at the New not? too early to work for Gilchristand ' 't reported shipmentsj'from the present. as much or more power than will be York newspapers that are fighting DeSoto county, .is already solid 4\ ; ? year were 191,210,00.., Total ship- I gicri the dralaags commission by h m. He first exposed the :New York for him-over 2.t'N strong.-De Soto ,.4 i _ =y rants from January 1,. to.the present the,adoption of, this amendment.See Herald method of making tens of Uounty News. " year were 191,840,000, The total shipments I what vast power we place in thousands of dollars through its personal DfllVESED F6?' _ 1r ,, for- ''the same period of last i the hands of the judges of our supreme column, in which meetingswere Ocala had a big day at the laying t year were 161,430,000.: The Increase, and circuit courts., arranged between people of of the corner stone of the court houseon 2BS57 }'f'SZ aH\e r., $ J2 OO ,in shipments for Uls year up to October -I I We place in the hands of these doubtful character. Several of themembers the 17th Inst. Two thousand pea ,i 'f.& 6, was 36S90.000.-Tampa Herald. i officials discretionary power in which : of the Herald staff have ple partook of the barbecue 'and -r; t hd vast property interests' are involvedand been arrested, and the proof of the many more listened to the joint debate ; ,Commenting on the suggestion of power over life and even death vile work of the Herald's .personal between Governor Groward and : CHAS LUM & COMPANY , column, it is said, will be forth'comng. , itself. Hon. John S. ,Beard the , the New York World to send Mr on drainage. , It is tb.at.the New charged Cleveland to the United States sen See what vast power'we lodge IE the now questi9n.-Gainesvii1e Sun. facksonville Pla. , York Times is owned bY' a syndicate j;' ate, the ,Troy Press revives an old !hands of our boards of county commissioners w of gentlemen many of whom are actually question with this statement; 'He ; our city councils, our identified with the trust inter Mrs.William H. Felton. a neighborand would be 'a child.in years, perhaps, sheriffs, probate judges and other officials friend of Sam Jones, the deal . \ ests.., Referring to the reports concerning ' but"the. noblest Roman of them air to say nothing of the almost evangelist; paid him a most beauti- o the ownership of the Times, ., In experience,' usefulness,' patriotismand unlimited power we place in the the Scimitar ful and] touching tribute in the At. Mcii1nBros. probity.. Every ex-president hands of congress and the presidentof ; Memphis says; lanta paPer Her testimony to the "Editors of such find should: :go to the senate, not by favor the United States. papers are genius; greatness and gentleness of i 4 ing more than .& lot of hard work cutout pf & legislature,' but for life through The very idea of government car- for them in defending the political the evengelist was; a sweet poem. .Ev-. Spuupern Copper Works k,' a constitutional amendment-St Augustine ries with it the placing of power' in methods of their concerns, and also rybody in Carterslvlle loved and Idolized - f Record. the hands of those who administer it.And 0 this gifted preacher., in beating back the suggestions of of Stills .. rs Turpentine f.- we must have confidence that popular leaders. A few years' ago Maniiiacturf The New York Press, the original this be abused and ; It seems to us that is is ,, power will not they; had only to' whisper of a man very poor ral Metal v' discoverer, of Hughes as a candidatefor the only way to keep it from being, that had wore whiskers to have him satisfaction to those poor fellows who and Gen Workers. governor of New York, sounds a abused is in the elective franchise set down as a demagogue or accuse gave their dollar for Tom Watson's wild alarm. It says through a _special and the removal. retirement from Him of carrying hayseed in his hair Magazine-because it was his magazine - _ correspondent that there is a offlce- of those who abuse this privi to: make a chorus of paragraphic -to be told by Tom Watson old} Stills taken iii exchange for new ones. ".4 ':-,; ::.... ... -. ,; ._.!if. 7-..: ;_ ,,- : : "'i ;:_ 'C "c'' --'-" r'i- ""', >';. .. '" _. :i.-kLo" >- L ;;'* .,,,,jl',, '','', '. '.<"." !', .... ? -""-- ."-, - ; a' < -< c 0 - } -' : ':;-;;:;. ..:-.,,' ".'_:-\!)':L"v, ?--:..-: : :_::,::-'--' : "<"'J.:;' '': >.d'-,, '::. ;: : ;;'''' '':'< )-:-:,."'' :::::-; '";. -:;:''' "' '' : ;:;,,, .: : -"'- :''=:.::--' ; :- _;_:"' ::' : :: : "' ': : : .. -- : : . : ; '' : -1 : f.- "" ' ;s"1 = :: . > , - : : : z.- 'F'i ?. :.. .:" -' ., ':,,;.. ';;-r' .,. :' .,,,,,_, ,;. :. ; "' _' ;'' ; ,, .. -' :,,.ic._'' '''''r.- ._-, ,. _., ''''' '';:.,_. jt". : :",, >:'' ,' :_.,:., _.-.. .- .- _ ,: ; :. .::.:.;-: : :. < '.: ,.. : 7 : ,;:< .., o-. ':''>'' '' .,,<_ ,:'. ",:'....:=. !.'f'l':, ,, :! :: '': ; ::":,". .,,_ :,,;.,-"'-:",, ';"' }''<.':':;''_:;,. :::..,:--",_ ,..".-__., ,. .:::!'_-.," }>._., ., ::">. _--- -_ _- _-: -'- :: ___ " . ...... ". ; ; '.'...,-..' "'.:> .':;'"' '_..... '.. /... ::' : '''"--"-. -- '' : ; - . C ... ..-'... ; <". : ':"-!' --'::ffj .:''. s''t: ._ --i.--i--yaK_.'.,"::.r- "... ; ., : : .f."f. .f'5.-? : - . : ; ) __, "" ,' :_ .:: : ; : ; : .::_o. :. ..;?; :' : ' :.,.{:-!..,12Os._l. '. : : : :t.. .,,:' '..'":m:-,;" ,6't,,id-:b'o, '-'t : !.'j"k. {i. : '';.;i .' i.. .1'f i i !: : " -_:. < :.'1h ': "l .- .'N 1 T". ll 'f fJ.j. . wt' ." .. ot. .,."-. "'" 4 .. .. -;,..' -- 't. 'i' "," J"., .' -tt 4 ? < 1 < '. I - 1. .r; -3 c - tT'!: fi. J f1 .. .- :: :_T_ . . : 'i" ', ", -- __ :::_ - ROVSRULY TO VAN'DlZOR., to any ,other.. soil in their ngIls, Alek W.-.w; Ingll John Ii w;;; _ IJ ---- -. f tor heavy crops, '; Electorss ones. W NirTones, J;W, w; John .-t ,"1 -. : : 'Messrs.Aug. Vo lcke &'SOns : on, W E w; Jones Zor w; Johnson, / ? Makes Out. .'Strong' Caw ijt favor of J Pt w; Jennings, Le1W'Knight 'I j the Productlvenes. of%-*> -Reclaimed?: ?' t ricultural o the high chemists percentage of London'of FROM-.r PAGE_ 13) :.- H, w; Klbler;A_ B, Ff Knlght, H W, c6Id :f w; 'Kibler, It M 'w; Keen Gadock, w: Storage Land. i and nitrogencous. matter and Ohnmacht, J M, w; Knight W N. w; Koon W H, w; Kib- t ter;of .the'new"'Jands.' c; Mclver1. J A, w: l et, p'B,'wr'Leltner C G, wr.Lindsay IB "PfpTcderthedlrectar of McMahon Ceo c; .E, w; Lafferty, C Wr w; Leltner, J . :. Tallahassee. F1&. OcL 14, 1906.. Peat Experiment Station, OUff. B P.'w' ; Pink- U.V; Lanier M":Rw: ; 'Lee R S wr ,4oc' Meatscure : ' : Editor.5.>TajBBa-Tiraea:: submits a careful analysis of the ; .. cj Phillips Lee. W W..w; Uefackc. Miller, : '. ". .-.. - Mr att iUonbaa .been palled to.,a Dr/ Tackle says: 'In' respect to Jeff c; Pool, F P;; DanV cj Madison.IT a'c?'%; T'H ' letter, from lljj-.W, I* VanDiizor, *da(-i tents-of potash, phosphoric acid ;, PedricxG w w? w; Moore WJUis t% Moore,,:l p, w; l .E 1 : e4 8epU.2.5.: -.1J06- published!! ?.ln a recent lime the :samples of 'soil from B S. w; Metcalf. W. w; Mills 'W*'H, w; Martin .We beg to annuounce to..,the. ; issue of piper. Xa:Mr.- VanDdtor Rogers, IT R c; ;E R"w; Mottr-HTT ,MU1s T 0. : - vyour ida familiar those .; i are quite to L T R. c; Rob w; Moorer. Fred w; Madison, M E,. c;; , '- :mentions 'myself;"among. .otherspeTsok7 northwestern. Germany. I cRawl public' that we are -icady. to KIre *, Mixon. W J.. w: Mapes, Johnson, w;; ; ,\'| (request: ufPrsU ge of with heather It is fostinguished. Columbus D 'w; Moye. S G; w; 'Mills,' J'T,*w; Moon. '- ," ; 4rpIythg: to Mr.. Van pu r.to correctiaome ever with :a much higher Geo, c; Rog. O' BannoA W C, wi Ogle J T. w: Mts.WeGUAIiA H of lit statements.He nitrogen and by a much more : Geo m, w;; Ohnmacht George w; Ogle, D J, Jr : :aayi;'."The present State'Chemist d' 6lUon. Very likely Ellas c; Ship. w; Oliver F 'MT w;' Perry,. X H. w; SATISFACTION andOCAL0 . ; R.' E. Rose, who spent 60,000 on' rtogen is contained in a form ; C C. w; Sanders, Payne T R, w; Patterson, J M. 'w; TEE . - his' muck farm and made a complete available to plant growth than ; Felish c; Stanley, Power. A M, w;, Peters,, Harry w;. - ?' ; W w; Smith, Ellas. Payne. S S, Parham. J G. w Ray, Th facts' I In. w; ; solicit patronage.- .JI : ,fallure., are. .sold my northwestern Germany peat ( your : A. w Smith Win, E Roberts T D Roberts. Cloud Piss ; L w; w; ttrestrto.St.; to Hamilton' Undoubtedly' the soil as ; c; Simmons. Virgil Allen w; Rutledge'N,.:w; Roberts 11 , : ton in 1888 at satisfactory prices immediately by the samples will become very Thomas, Isaac c J'F. : ; ; w; Rush C W. w: Robertson w I; after the organization! of ductive., Wlmberly Alex. c; Roberts James, w; Rhodes; J' G, 'w I ICE a : the.POfld4tUgr Manufacturing' ,Co.. "Mr. Claus Spreckles, probably Williams' MIlo. c;;; Sanders R H, w; Stevenson Dan. 'c , with a.' capital of one million dollars p greatest authority on sugar ; WilsonH. I* 'C;;; Strange. T N w; Smith E F",w; Sanders - bae4,entirely on'the results and con tion in the world pays a high B R w; Starling-A R.'w;' Stall FUEL CO. ditlonrof St Cloud plantation 'while pliment t to .the richness and 21, B ll.vew berg. Harry w; Statlber ,\ I Z, 'w; un4ezny 'ownership 'and manage of Jno H, w; Sctrlett, J P) w: Spivey E U w; Savage ' 'lands for the production menti:which had.at that time showed puck c; Brown W. c ;; M D. w; SIkes, C J. w:" Turner, : ; _ gar: S L c Bar- A F 1. w'Thomas.. F ., < ; Jr w; Titcomb an, annual dividend of. 40 per cent "Philadelphia Penn. March 2, A. c; Barber C M, w; TTotter.. J U w; Thompson . ___ os the flOO.000'capital stock employ ,,U 'To Mr. Hamilton.Disston: Dear ; R Barrett, J S, J X A B Wj; C w; Tooky, w; Taylor, J. Insbn Willis, c; Roe W R. w; Robin LAMAR ON HEARST. ed. ID-,1889J, : sold the, remainder of r I-in answer to yours of, the ; Crowell, Jas, 'c;; w; Turner E M, w; Turnlpse, M D. son Rias c; Secklnger H L, w; ; JnJ'farm at,:fau Cloud less than''ODe instant, in whlca you ask my ; Dickinson. P. c;;; w; Thompson T W. w: Truby, J .H Staggers Peter c; Sherman Jno. c; Florida Sect hundred .&e e8,' for $22,000 cash B ion'regarding Florida as a s sugar Wm. c; Free w; Thaigot. H w; Tyner, "J A. w; Seckinger'V M. 'w; Seckinger J sr. w; Congressman VictoryFor &:'Ro :i0 dldnotmake a fathr" -- ducing 'state I take pleasure in W R, w"; Good TynerW'H, w; Vandeve ter, E Po' w; Seckinger W J, w; Seckinger J H. w; New York Editor. : wayjon':'hia muck'land farm, agricul lug that during my recent trip 0 M, w; Green P Van, T J, w; Waters W.J. w{ Wad f Seckinger L J.iv; 'Thornton M J, c: '' ,, J C w; Hayse, A kins D G, w Wadkins. N.T,,wj Wad- Hearst Remarkable Man and it 'Making ; turally or financially; but on th .on. sugar'operaUoJls; Veal W R 0, w; Walker Jas c; Wilson -. trWT; tunwd* ,the' property over,to Inspect, your c; Hope Jack killS, H: J. w; Waters W T. w;Waters Z R, c; Walker Herbert c; Wal- 'a Contest That I is Exciting ; \ |surprise was great at finding Glenis c; Ha C W. w; Watford. C, w Wyche A ' Manufacturing .Co. ; lace A S J. w; Weathers W V. w; Interest Everywhere- Hat the-Florida , Sugar I country';ifor the growth of sugar Hardiner J F, w;; J, w; Ward Sam. w;: Weathers, B S. Walker D A, w. 'Em Scared. -,' In May 1888, with' crop of cane;420() The soil Is as rich as any that I Hames. Jno T, w; w; Watford,'E. C.w, Walker J C, w; Precinct No.' 31-Falrfield. acre*,".that proved' :one of the; best L ever seen.,and, with proper c; Jenkins, Archy Witter. R A, w; Zimmerman W C, w. Alford W D. w; Ausley E S, w; acreace'i considered 'ever produced' intha'United'BUtg. (.t tion hA yield will be equal to c: Johnson. David Precinct No. 25, Candler Best W w.. w; Brabham W B, w; "It will take many million of dollars which Henry c; Jacobs I, Cauth J H.. 'C ldweIl. W R of corporate money to beat Wm The crop in"the of 'any' other' country on the rn. w; ,.w; Barber Simpson c; Best L W, w; : sre4 .\ tter. from Mr. Claus : globe. c; Jacobs Sax- Cautbern S U. w; DeLong, I N,. wi Brown Perry B. w; Carter J H w; R. Hearst for the governorship of [jthe Joshua c; Jenkins I DeLong W H,:w; Evans. R J,>; Fort New Y . cIe.qnote4 by Mr.. Van; Duior Curry, J R, 'w; Cressman J L. w; 'I congratulate upon " in his paper, read before the ..CaneGrowers' you of Albert c; tdddell; P A, w; Hall Jas T. w; Higbt w.er. J Dounovant Afford, .c{ Dukes Peter c; So'peaks Congressman William for the future . .Association in 'Jacksonville, 'bright prospect c; Little, C 0, w; Kline Christian w; Marshall.J Davis J L, w; Dupuis Albert w; Edwards' Bailey Lamar, of the Third Districtof sugar business in. the state ,of ; ,w; Ughtsel, F; N. w; Mathews, J. H. w; McKinney. L Kj w Floyd Johhn B w , ; who the ; Florida paid Metropolis ia Mayrna04.A .- ida: w; Lideii. P A, w;; J Y, w; McCuiiough G Hv w;, McKinley - I to the"Kinsman' failure as Mj'V "'Yours truly. W. c; Mbxey Chas E G, w; Pritchett. T E. w;,'Quick.C Gatrell Henry, w; Gladden Adam w; a; visit Sunday while enroute to his Gordon Icaas Gordon Solomon c c yariDazor: ;rknba" it was caused",;rtlrecUy 'CLAUS I D, c; Middieton. .W, w; Richie G G. w; Savage S S.' Gollins' Fred c;; Collins Belton, c;; home In Monticello.Mr. . ",by-the Florida .Sugar. Manufac- w; Mlllson Jos Jri w; Worick J F wt < Lamar has just returned from : While representing Osceola Gibson W G, w; Given Geo, c: Gibson - * turinc:Co,'falling .to comply with itscoatrtct ,'as fair commissioner at the" P, w; McAteer Precinct .No. 26 Geiger Wilmer. 'w; .Hill Ben c; Houston .New York .where he has been for .,wlth" Kinsman 'and otheri G R, w; Nelson L Brown Henrys; B gley. ThoS ,c; Wm, c Harvey L L. w HammondW ten days in me gubernatorial campaign . .__.. state: fair. Mr. Van Duzor distrlb ; ; I t Od r.e ive, <" :and ,pay' for the cane 'hundreds tot these w: Not A I w;; Bagley, W B. c; Bagley, V V,.c; Beal B, w; Ivey W T w;: Ivey C p. w; having made ten speehees papers Frank. w; Peloe, C W. w; Baylos, Ch s. w;, Cvil, R S, grown:to 1888, of which Mr.: Kinsman I J nning B S, w; Jones A.J, w; Jones with Mr. Hearst in the city of New and fine D G the muck spe P. w Proctor foil ; w Colwell. W W Geo L ' ;. w; Carlton ''I''had"'iQ'-&erei.1 OVaL fine:cane as ever I % J A jr w:; ernegan E W, w; Jones J A York and "up the state. : thereon and ; w; Ross, Geo c: sugar' cane grown w; Civils Stephen E, w; Colbert. J W, acre"wttalf I sr. w; Leavitt W H. w; Mathews D B, " crew; 1. rsglug'thirtrtona per "I have never said Mr. Lamar. ererjr way-- advertised the value Simmons. Jas c; I w; Colbert, J J, w; Cail. .Philip c'; , i. \ Vaocrose' content.'.of from 13 to productiveness of these lands, : Samuel BunreU c; I Clemmons. ElIas; 'w; Duckett, .Jarrett w;. Moon W W. w; Milling W H, w; "in my life seen 'anything to compare -1 McAteer S J - .:I5Tper. cent; D C. c; Slyke c Daniels. Oliver Eminlsor w; McLaughlin A T w; with the enthusiasm which is 4 ; ticularly for growing sugar ; c; W D, McAlister .C H,/rw.; Jn'ichols-Walter, expressed ',M'l.K1nIIDU. ; Mr.' Slaven. MrHaJnptonW profttably. These lands are N. w; Smlt. Levis c w; Gary..eM.D\ c;.Graham.Louis, c; w; Nance Jno jr, c:' Payne M L, w; for Mr. Hearst among the '0'' . : Fell :and eachbf4.ebatracts [ w; Thomas. S, c; Gaskins, Wiley c; Gaskins Jas G, qi In this , ; myself with thoSe, of the Everglades C A. w; Williams Payne D ,B. w; Phillips M E. W; Rou people campaign. As a public 11t1! (the, Fjorfda. Sugar to and'b fore,drafnage were Wash, c: Wright Grantham. D L. w; Grantham.! B' A. A B, w; Sams Chas. c; Scofifleld Dan, speaker' myself. I was compelled in w; Grantham, B.A S ,M4ft facturlng.: Co,ia ..each.case ,:the. w-Grantham., c; Noah, c;, Sprinkle Ru tie. c; every speech to withhold the mention ? with the saw and a Geo c Wilson A same grass ; J. .|w; Galbreath. B, w; Grantham. D. . iF tajM company it ailed {o.'me'et Its coats |tic growth.; 'c; Williams Benj I w; Harvey, Wm. c;' Harris,.Colbert, cgall. ; Smoak, J P, c; Scott Washington c; of his name until the end of a sentence f receive and payr'for the cane His comparison of the present c: WIggs Elias I J ., L B, w; Howell Nick,- c; Harris, Stanley. J, wj Smoak J- W. w; or paragraph' in order to b3 1 ] R H :. ,rod;*' dltlon'' of. the St. Cloud c; Warnock Alex Wm, c; Howell, D H w; Howell, Den. Scott w; Sherouse. w; Smith able to finish It before the outbreak- ' Jno C : o-Mr;!:Goblet-among: many-others, .ontlchrptnfe by no' means'torrect; in 1888 89, c; Williams. Li- nls c; Hooker, J. T, w; Hooker. D W,. [ Jno, w;cj Sparkman. .Ilerouse H Henry C, w;W.Sherman w lug of the whir, of applause, . _1 ; .', an&I.jlost: ,heavily during canal' at low water readily ; J L w; Williams w; Halsell A B, w;' Harter, Carl x. Scans,, Rufus c; Scofteld Jim, *c; "Never in tue south or anywhere ,tae .tUaoa of.1 8S-89-90, by :the late teamboat' .< transportation, and True 22 McIntosh w. w; Jackson Fate Sr' c; James, Jno" Sherouse J M. ,w; Thomas! A.. w;; eke- for Bryan or for any other man . : .Febn rand'Marchi, frosts.! The.fall L. regularly, traversed by such Ayer Alfred w; c; James Richard. ,c Jacobs, I. J. c; Tysen Wm, c: Thigpen C L, w; -have I ever seen the popular demonstrations are',vegetabla grof era fn Florida as the ;Floridaiphia, Ok echobee. Bruton. Andrew c;' Johnson.Johnson. Jno L A J,, c c;; Jacobs Johnson. Lawyer, A I*, c c;; Webb' G M, w; Weathers Sharpes. c; and the expressions of almost . : ,btby ,;nOi means .been confined to onlst\ndothers Burry. David. Williams S. c; Washington Geo. c: idolatrous admiration that are w ; since that time : Johnson J W. w; Jacobs Willie ci muclc)land"norto' ,particular local!- road,.aDd other bridges have D H, w; Burgin Johnson. James, c; Jackson. Henry c; Wallace J W w; Wells C C. w; made over Hearst by the people i ; 'tlri'b.. following' quoted i from Mr. built..across it. several dams ; w: Beck. J J, w; Kenedy. Gee Jr. c; LeGally. W J., w: Young A Iw; Younge, W E. wj whom. he has served. J - Yan. \Duior's- ... 'piper"read before the been put in, thus destroying the t'q'Brown W R. w; Lowell S, 'w; Lovell. Jesse. w; Lan Younge A W A. w; Younge R C. w; ,""Measured by this interest and from - Young BK w . :: CtGrowera"; Assbclation: in Jack Christian. J K, w; ton. : Younge A W. w; ' ; age and navigation so that today Thos. c; Luffma .; Walter"H. w; Young J B. w Young A the best and safest Information that ITI1liMay' 4th 6th and Btn. Cork C E w; eel Lee W J, w Lovsll. Armbllng. ; G. w; : , ; 1SQ4 high* waterit., would bedimeult ; w; Young HO -wj Young S W. Jr. w I get from his headquarters. Mr. - M. Cameron ; w: . >,\1, _'fmatter of,the value. .of muck: getf'aif:ordinary row boat J F'w; Dickson H Myers Meadows.Nance c; Mobley Julius c; Young. R A. w.Precinct Hearst is absolutely certain to carry Harvey, w Malloy. Jno io a, very .different light. ,f AI1'.10 ; B. NeW' 'unless No. 32 York r the. canal. Much of the J land w; Fleweilen J A w; McConn. Alex' Jr. w; Norman, D -Gelger* money Is absolutely : the muck reclaimed, landsIIltth. ly 'under' cultivation has reverted w; Fanback J A F, c; "Nonage. Wm. c j Norwood Willie ,Ayer C B, w,*: Britt T A, w: Bishop poured out in millions by the corporations __ neighborhood- c of Klsslmmeeof .a marsh< of, Quagmire; the peach w; Gist, W M, w; e: Owens, ,Llna, Perryt T X 'w; Rich- JQwCoidInHCw; Curry C R, to buy the people away Ls. yE'i w: Dunning,J.S, w; Dreher W R. w other orcuards have been Tom. c; ardson. Geo, c: Richardson. Esau, cj Dillard ; from him. Of course it is barely possible .l _"Tbh. althfulnesE .a region is by lack of drainage. Guerrant.E P w; Smith Jas W c; Smith. W G. c: Gee w; Feaster J W, w; I' that they may da. this. Mr. I of Uj% utmost''importance to ,any .entwprtS9eTpeciaUy Yours respectfully uopiuns. w n, w; Smith. Joseph M. c; Stevens, Allen Jj, Geiger__ _. S .P,._w_; _Geiger_ D__L, w;n Gfeigerwj Hearst la the dnn omiia nf this w .w, J 'w -- --- -- --- : Miaoney w, Harroil _ r isthl jrue *ben C W w; Ir w; Strickland. J .A. w;, Strickland, J r ; democratic bosses and ; R. E. Jno c Jor M H H, w; Hunter R M. w; Harrell J.r corporation ; _ the operatives ,must become' w; Taylor. Wallace, c: Taylor, J., perma B. wHogan'J F grafters, and as well the C J. c: Jones W I, w; Thomas; J R. wj Thomas, Frank w; LeItner J J.w; |j dangerous ment residents.: It can' be pesitlvely "The most laughable thing that ; Lurapklns. Squire, P. w: White. Fields c. ; Leitner B F, w; Miion J D. w; Mix-jj I foe of the republican bosses and corporation _F stated >thatthe> reclaimed 'land; of yet occurred In the New' York' : London, W U c; Precinct No.. 27, EureJca, on, J G, w; MixonMBw; Neal SA. grafter ' I- Kisslnimee" ;'ulley'are free from u1n::1s'the warning sent' out by Anderson c; Akin, S G w: Browning. A M w;; w; Neal E F wf Belleree P wr And these two vast forces in com -- : a&rtaT The employees' of the othy._Woodruff, c lr.man'of the J C c; Mans Brlnson J So.w; Brinson J. N. w; Reeves D B." w: Rhodes Chas M. w:: bination may be able to persuade out Reeves dii.l eTcomt> '.were. wblte'm .republican .committee that he w; McCarley, J A. Brlnson J H. w; Dickson. Reado'n ,w;;; L. c; Simmons'O. wj Smith i.jof the pockets of the trusts and corporations . eiduflVely.y: ::1'bq mejrwere. recruited "over-confidence. wh n. he, and G. w; Neal, Jno S II" Dudley. Henry w; Fiddle. J' L. wj, w EAwSimmonsB1wSnilthPS; SImonton W L, 'w Smith V any colossal sum they P. fKMniaU'piurts the of ; Porter. L V,- w; Harris. W H. w: Harris. Julius ; wj, , : countr1 MaDY' followera have been scared out w; Smith C M, w; Smith Larence M. might need to defend him. -!; tiMBxectftreii: into the senico.of. their boots ever since Hearst R L, w; Reed Harris L B. c: Mulligan, P W w; Smith R M. w; .angton JI, w wi "But outside of that there is nothing . : c Rush E, ' ; Moten ;; Ben. c; Mathews, H D. , the( before ,they became w; company ac- his! flrstspeech..- iWhittington L. w Welshner human that defeat J W M, w; Reynolds MilUgan B U. { A. can the w Proctor C J ! -I. atfd. During a period of over ; w;. w: Whittingtbn' R : Hearst Indeed. F G. w; Simpson.I. Prevatt. J H w; Prevail,'CH, w; Ral- R. w: Whittington ticket for governor of New _ t. elevenyears the company never ,employed Allen, c; Simon ner. Hardee. W:. Sherouse J'E.1, w; W T, w; Zetrouer D R.. w; Zetrduer York. .It will be. remembered, too 5 i ;a physician or' never lost'an Mr. H. <.D. Knowles who was T M, w; Snoddy Squires E'w; Tuton Jno A, wj Tu.J C, w. that Mr Hearst ha millions with employee Trora'"death/ 'never)' fill any from' White Springs last week H 'J. c; Thagard ton D W w;' Tuton. Ed..'wr Tuton. M? J. D., FERGUSON. which to fight millions and althoughhis. oftjwe5; J 'e\th., service; of the closed ODe of the largest deals J 0. w; Thomas I M. w; Wells. TEN Jr/ w; Wells. T N.' Supervisor of Registration, millions are. not as many as & ewRpanjrJfronf fact hat w; Walkup H C' Sr wr WellhomHV I. 4 the wr ,they has been theirs, he has I always been transacted in Lakeland heroic - Mrs. Blake Gives , 1 J W, c; Wil Party for Miss Pick b :*could not stand;the climate Malaria some tlma! by. selling his half Ue., D P, w; Yar- Precinct No. 28 Ltvon ering. with his purse In supporting bis principles. ' a4 .chills absolutely, uuknowu.1 ." terest In' the' 75-acre' grove known Freer, B F w:' Freer J.R w;' Hicks. ." ANALYSIS,, the Morgan and Reynolds grove 23 Pedro .1T.. w; Lucius. Chas E. w; Lucius.: 'The young ,soclety: set were given 1 naaswer to the question. "What _ ,- The foUawlDC'oalylls of muck Mr W. A, Swanson. who is ; Peas J B, w; Gib Wm. w; Oliver L A w'; Oliver.. G..R. an exceedingly pleasant party on do you think, of Mr. Hughes Con.gressman - ' be : w; Oliver, H P, w : Scroggle ' : ; will found'Interesting to thosefamiliar TYm. w;; . ,, Washington. The price Is not Wm H. w; Lewis, Shaw. Dan. w; Shaw Robert Wednesday evening, by ''Mrs. Robert ,Lamar declared "I hare , i ,with. .,.). he subject of sugar w w"1 'never him ..culture. ,. public.-Lakeland Sun ; Nichols. Get: !i Precinct No. 29, Kendrick, G. Blake at her cosy home on South met and have never heard t : ;;. w; Proctor, Alf him Anderson. Fourth street The speak'and therefore Robert. cannot ' c party $otu. ,, ,. .,, H H H .. ,,16.84 The ith instant was a big day Proctor, M M, w; lie. cj' Aldrldge, Apderson; Anderson.'c::; Burk.Wil J r:. for Miss Norma Pickering was of ,given Georgia I measure him from personal acquain i Organic. matter, and, combined Ocala, On that day the laying of Rufus E w; S. w: Burney Frank. c; Brown. Jno;': a veryattrac tance, but from his speeches, he in> ;1 : water ... .. ,. .. .,75.85Silica stone Plttman J F. w; c young girl.who' , :T corner of ,the'court'hous J C, w; Perry ; Burneyt Arthur, c; Brooks SB' w;;:' Is spending' a short while in preses. me as a cross between a . and insoluble'silicates 0.91L0xide.ofiro4 : place and Governor Broward and 1P. Chappie C wf Carrington Jas; w dreamer'and an enthusiast : Jno R w; Perry,, ;c Ocala 'the guesf of. her aunt Mrs. J.5G with a decidedly : .* ... ,< *. ,. 1.47 1, John Beard had a joint debate on Nelson.'' c; Chapple .Charier c;' Cummings Geo | ; ..SpurJin tinge Of unctions Wall strreet ,. ., i. .. ... .. .. .% 3.17 drainage question. Yes, the P A. w: Swear- wj Carrington, J G, w; Daniels; Dan, Mrs Blake's ij hypocraey In his make-up. He.is jiata; .. c; Early B F 'w; Edwards Perry c1' guests were the following ; HU eq. w.ls: City" spread herself on this w;. Wllliama ; ; not able to explain why : Miss he sifted the Tarly. B F' W 4-uttering the .'\,..' ..' .t .. .. '-. ,. _. ..10.13 I and many hundreds of people Guthrell J J, ,w. w; ;Gaines Flnley,,Hollan.W A, w cr;:! Misses Leafy 'Sylvester, Jessila honoree Martin Insurance I scandal for the small fish ., ' 0.38 'if6 l' .1"* 4 I tt. the surrounding'country were Dunnellon Grace C I and positively w; Guthery, B J. w; Honor -: Margaret Walters Anna Mlxson. refused to get out af .Phosphoric add ,. .?, ., ? 0.18 and wheli the noon,bour rolled C Sam,, c : ter I c; Avrltt J 11. : Hopkins David. cj Hop-i Rhoda Liddon Louise.Harris.( Messrs Cortieyou and Bliss and Root, U Sulpburtc acid .-. ,. ., .. frown 0.51 the was invite to ; Bridges. George kins Willis c;. Hopkins IIan-e). c;;, Robert Mathews Harvey Clark Harry :. who are so heartily' supporting him '* Chloruio .4' ,; ., ,. t. ? ,, 0.43 ip ,a barbecue dinner, all of w; Barganler J Haines Jouror. c; JameSj G G c;:: Palmer Alfred Beck John Pelot 'now He Va's willing, to probe the ._r Nltrcf. ; {In. organic. matter) ...2.7Th they enjoyed Immensely.- ; Band. P M. w; Johnson Hector c;' Johnson 'Walterj Harry WaItrs"and financial scandal but 'k : chemJca), analysis has been Hustler. ; W A. w; c; James C R, c: James Sam. q-;, .Otto Lohrl to the honest was not equal ;, iubiUntiate4\ ..G P. w; Berry. Johnson B E. c; ames Sam. ct Looa :Mrs Blake was assisted by her patriotism of probing f| bj .practical ..experjWCft. I* w; Cleveland L: Peter W; Lemon Wm.;w; Lotz Henry moth r, Mrs. 'Sanders and Mrs; E. L. the political, scandal behind .It. jj Muck Iids.hs've t. b found \o, Capt. George Boynton has W. w; Crone, w;.MurreltDavid, c; McLfead E C.vi, Carney and the young folks spent a "Thd campaign is the hottest and : b.?iuItabl to & great variety of sentenced to six months in the 1J J W, w; ,Crosb)r, McCollor] Henry c;' Nix' W E; w;; very pleasant and delightful evening most exciting that New York has ever ,. crops; especially sugar cane." tentiary by the United States wj Crosby J A, wNIxCEwNtjEJwQInQQtj ?;. wittt: music. games etc. known I ,am perfectly confident ":&, court'In: .New York for being a ; Davis S M. A'A. w; Priest C' i W0t, I, personally tested I w; .Cjr. w: Rich Mrs Blake Miss'' Pickering. Miss1 that In spite of the terrific tide of tt\e\ !yieldo( ,!cane ..on this farm, _b> to a plan to counterfieit. silver j j Homer. H w:; Smith ardson S T; wj Richey.W' T, w;; Irma' 'Blake and Miss Jesilu Martin corporations Hearst will win.* th ;land Venezuela for the purpose of H D w; Walter B. w; Sweeney Jos. w;;* measuring, > cutting and Congressman top- sangand Mrs. Lamar. R H. w; An Sams Jon cj SprelghtsU G.;'c Stevt Carney and Mrs; Sanden : thinks that t- nancing a revolution in that : pins-the cant'as it would :to the' :.next go the W B.. w: enson Spain c: Turnlpseed J E played piano 'solos. ..conijress wUl probably .de jr ..nil and by actually weighing ittouad :. Baskln. J Q. w: Thompson Frank c; Ward 'MeD,, wj e>;;: : After; an interesting guessing con feat; 'John Sharpe Williams, u the kz_ ." -the. :yield. to be over,sixty-three. : tl1In ,,C A. w; Beck Webb J B,' Whitehead Thad w;; test a dain\y; menu, Including chicken dempcratip ,leader upon the ground c tons to the acre. The samples cane I private letter to 'a friend J, w; Brooks, J B, Waters J W, w;' Wesley Jno. >; salad wafers, pickles olives chocolate that. he was apostate in presenting itikeqat toe sametime and tested'by Ocala.. Mr J" Preston Nix; Boyd. Arthur w; Washington' Gee qj Wright Root. cj and cake was' served the Da vis.railroad bill which was less : the/ Agricultural, Department atWasblngtoarahowed p( this city, but at'present t ,a W. w; Brown Webb B C. w; Wright. E J..c, Miss Pickering is very ehannlDgand. definite and effective than the Roosevelt '12.to 13' at Danla. on the east coast. w; Coward. Do's r. Priclnct No. ; per cent says 30. -MaHeU i .she made many friends legislation and refused to among theyoung pro- _I:9aucOSe, whIct ProtVf.. Wileystfctea farmers in that' section are not : R J. w; Austin Chappie.., cj Adama'Sam.,cj sent the1 Hearst bill people G M, w; Coco Adams all of whom regret -Jacksonville ___ : : would ,yield, .two hundredpounds' I aged;f la great ,deal the heaviest J B. w Coates Jnoi c; Adama J.H, c; Ausley that her stay-in Ocala is Metropolis.j . ; P A, w Brooks to be such of to the probably being the of ; Jno H, wj Beck L c- sugar ;ton' of i cane, expense ; Davis,.G N.-w .D. a short . ; w Barns ,one. or twelve' thousand slz hundred i i ing seeds and haying them' S w; Pen L BUtch; ,/Junes cj Bates J U .&? w;; Announcement has been authorized wj Bagg W U; ; - V\Bryan - ,pounds" to the'acre. This 11. - 1 marjrelons -, w; Foxwortb J M. w; Carter J, M I'"w'Cha by Secretary of the Treasur Shaw ' Mr. ibers i H. J. Hess i'; yield aTter: a: continuous. crlppmg of.tw.eitir r Good roads will lead to the ; Flood. H T. wj Chas. c: CuthiU 'WnvwCbrk.: S one of the engineers L that deposits of government funds -i f .' years"without one pound, of r Improvement ,of the. countryside ; Grumbles,' J A. w; w; Cuthill Archiba.l1.arter; D.A. with the Terrell Lumbercom. with nationaf banks j:: : : fertiliser' 'Pfj any !cripIon. This farmer who drives to and from I I Griffith Wm. w; Carter T E. -y;' DtckSOllJainef-; J A pany of which Mr.. J. D. Pope is a &Importations, will be to discontinued.facilitate gold 1: H farm. 1saIsottQingfty bushels' of t over a spacious. smooth well'eared I Gent. William c; Dickson Richard, a Edwards: A1t rd;.' member, was quite badly hurt Wed- stimulate national bank To i.: cbolcei.com to, the/acre.and Tone, of road will unconsciously ome to I ,- R C. wj Gll' c; Frink M P. w; Felters ll U wj Oesdayafternooii: and was brought to and, : circulation thf thriftiest, young 'orange ,groyes fect corresponding Improvements I ._C J jr H.. w wj; ,Goodwin Folk? J fo.A .M W; ;,alUp an. Arthur. w;: Ocala'for: ,medical' treatment: He is I limited incidentally form the benefits to demonstrate of an eles-in - -t Ite7att.1s1growtngcbn' a.port1ol1 the. 'management' and operation of : Edward w: Hill 'J sse.- c;.Haraaker w: Haycraft.'aD p, w;; stopping .at, the jlenwood, vlMrs. tel fie currency; the government will accef ' 1.ttbI farm, bearing heavy crops of t farm. J M. w: Jacobs! ' c; Ham L R, c; Johnson, t approved securities and \ eioiw/frult. :: V _. -' ,I .. J L. w; Davejl' .Kirk' Abram C: Jacob ., 'J. J. Williams and children |mat beads govern for cj -. ;, fcf 1w rey chief cheinlalorteuniteststes ,.. Mr. C Pc Franks c j Kemp'a:F, deposits already nude Pr t4 L Herman Benjamin )s.11\ ; wi Hood. wf LewJ!.Ar tead. cLew passed\through' Ocala yesterday al r- the bond released to be n Department of r lanta'for a fey .days Ha. anc( Mr 1 W;. Havls\ H *h; If til-:*.-L.i, Ment1o' Jaihes. ternoon re/turning. to their home used for circulation ( Oliver: a to be : J retired L { : .tatMthat theie iandit Mrsv' w; HenphiJ. r R : gradually be- AfrtcuJturer Benjamin will return: home np. -Mann 'J S.'W. Homosassa : MIlle".H ; Hoffman..' W C after ,a visit with :rela; tween March :15 and W H :! ;; August 10,next .: africttlture," and .superior weet < McConn" Bw' -v NeIsonJckJe.JiUF. tives at .Umatllla. ,ofk' > ; Hill;:'JW.-w,: fC'P.-wl *'A: w' ; Mrs Wlliiaias'home This IB. expected to cITe J18.000.000 L ,l ? $: .b fore'theIr marriage. additional. l.Uon..r :;.' Vj o'J' .5 f"t., ;i' "M """ -, ,i'. .; ;:. ; .. ,t"" - : ; j..4 :'i" tJ 4' --.. ', 'V 0- '- ...It ti_."'i''' ,0,,-f. _'o ._ "I. "_ .,- -- : ,,$ .' .. .i'9i.tS2. < . '' .o- _'=-[ .:. ..;. -;: ";: ; ..,:, "tJ', :,'"'; :. '' ._'t3" &_ < .rltl "> !! '. _. 11. ."' ;. 'f4 ',', .' .__>. ,,,' -j' --Lt;.'.,. .".::.;:,",," '.,} >'C" r.- ,:.:'"':.: '_ :' : _. :": :,, =.:h ":,.___''-i ico... .'. .f ;r'J&ii:2&: ,' &':&z. tf of'SS.. si-<:?: 'vjdipfc; '<: 'c,' ''t.o--,' .'_". _, "- -o U''>' '. -' - ::,,, ,,"" ; '' ). : : : : : .,.,:.,. _-,.."".. .- .. _.:,:..",!. ._<..,: ...a,: ;a H..-.fek.a:.._, "<" .:";. .: _,-. ";.-'= ; %:o.,.iir._. :; <.,;,- ': ..o':. .". .,. _.:' ;. :.,,,,,,: ;:i.. 't'?. ::-"'J--. ''...... - , "'.-J.'. .:;:''<' _' ,' "-" -"'',';' ,-" ::. :::''.: ' .",....;..1... ,; '''.; '''J. ':"-< ;l'f'1"( ''':;-: : -rrfs*. L, gF >. -.- .\ TiStisSjMMN; ,. IP ty?' +. i ,. % '. cr: _.+ ., y' ',e % /" ;;!; '-'ff.v:: $9WfTl *jff&3r.tif: :; *........, : ,_F-,J' {r' $' g y '" v: rf -a. > rt ., : ...";!'1l> -j f , ... ;;;:I .. ..iP J ,- f . 1- :r. T'.t 1r. ... ,"',.rriAxTHEFTIJRPENTjNEMARKET.!.,<<'.,, "',,' f,,;p-: .,'. .. . ,.b,_'!! < GI: '111 '1l1-1I,.').. 1 L ' ':!<: ':';':,_ _, "'J. ,' .-::'-\''" ;; 'it' ':::1 'ftJ.l' !W"' II 'W'". PI-'VotIIoIIri" : .JIlL.. lf ',.",.1f' \'-. &'" "!F1. "" .4 ..,ItA.,'I'-11I7'... 'OOWq ......6A1-JI,' .IIIT-4i",. .."" "tJ.i. !. ". "M"-f'", ,-... _* ;jUI.k\"iI'.>. '_ .'. .. ..-. .., -.. ..... ... , : Ii".t" "1. r.-' ..' ,,, "' ...- . - : 1'4" - OFFERS A TWO CENTNewYork'Central """ .. FARE. FLORIDA ! 4 ORANGES BETTER.' ( ". :-... Sdo Rebound.- }I _jI I. __ _' 'i rJ lfR.tZ R.al< Go . s, D wn',But; : 1 .aR.aR.aRw r' very Downward. Movement :Has Announces a NevMileage i: Much, .' of the Fruit, However is Still; '- '- '- ! Book. :t i Green and Poor. "nrm |Had Aq ( Reac ,. > :, "AlmostJmmedlate New ;Y0rk . 0cb 21- There is a little 00 l =Iliinotsat {Chicago 0222 last improvement In the quality of the ;$e fa* Cent red111\ Rosins.*f#$ I toderive eneffmaz Ise ;o.-mQ the redutfons -.! Florida oranges this week, although m : _-4 I r , "l' .tp ofer fates )inn' pas ) whicfare.4a1Iig there is a lot of green trashy stuff ;!iTnrpenittt e'diopped ..gtt'je.n and placd in ,C Itrat"assen"" that should have , : not left Florida. It . a'l: cent'#'daLand': and .Wednesday aquarter" ,between but had last a ger York Association Central today territory.announced The New that seems'strange so blind to that their; the own growers interests shouldbe as 0 1 _-_- r .'u' ,-.- >._"..'- .',"'__...U, "...-"_-.'...-,-_-_,-"-_ _,,. '' ._"-_"",,-- ,'..-",.'.,_-__.. -_",..- oog,_._ - .speedy and at the close . recovery .yes"terday the new $20.00 tnousand-mile books; to ship out the class of green, immature ' was 'selling at 66 34 cents, good for bearer, which it proposes to fruit that they have been send 'on&\quarter.. of, a: cent above the close issue will be accepted peer all lines; ing.. Lots of the ,fruit ,that came D :Jqf. the: previous Friday, and with; a west of Buffalo 'This makes it affective here this week sold under the ham ,. Remov I m much better. tone than at time that , across Illinois. to St. Louis over mer for less than $%. Anything goodwill Recelpts for the week were small' the ,Big Four bring $ .75@3, but there is not , tit%86 casks, -which assisted those The Pennsylvania'sannouncement deal of this a great fruit. nterested itf 'higher values. For theoath' of its mileage book stated that it There is also some improvement in the receipts are about on a would not be good over the Vandalia the Florida grapefruit It Is. not nearly I. Notice b arity with those of the same period to Terre Haute and to St. Louis. but as gren as it was and the demandis Cast October. Factors claim that the ..that. road will have to meet the Big better. The market now for grapefruit . onditlons' in the woods are such 'as Four competition, and other lines in 'ranges: $2.50@4 and if the fruit to__ continue the hold down; production, turn will have to meet the Pennsyl continues to improve there is no ques- e improvement labor situation.being Both apparent exportersd in vania's The prospect is that it wilt'not be tion price but than what this.it would bring. a better & We Must Vacate Our Store og"i'- - domestic buyers were In the long before most of the people of IIIInois arket. during-, the week and the daily will be able .to. ride for what issubstantially THIRSTY MAN STOPS A TRAIN. M December 31, Next ,g requirements were sufficient to ,absorb a two-cent fare.. i , the offerings. The' fluctuationsof Passengers officials of .the Wabash, Prospector and His Burros Were Fam- b D the immediate future are expected Chicago and Eastern Illinois Illinois '. ishirg in a Nevada Desert. 4 We intend to leave Ocala hence our ' a be within fairly narrow range. :Central and Chi,aga & Alton today . Factors assert that If producers can. Los Angeles Calif, Oct. 22.-Pas- :: formally New protested against the m ENTIRE STOCK OF MERCHANDISE IS THROWN - not make the stuff they expected to York Central carrying out its plan. sengers on the Los Angeles Limited .evenprofitable' 10. cents would. not mean a II The Pennsylvania Is also trying to of the 'Salf Lake railroad, who arrived t'J ON THE MARKET : V Y result of the season's workto get the New York 'Central to confineits in Los Angeles yesterday told ofa ., them;and that they have been so book to territory east of Illinois, prospector who stopped the train I: At Prices which will the "g fOur hampered this season by both' labor but as officials! of the Vanderbilt lines running forty miles an hour in the : tempt non-purchaser. m and weather adverses that there, is have been much Irritated by the repeated middle of the Mojave Desert by flagging hut .slight 'prospect of their findinghe rate cuts by the Pennsylvania it with his hat to secure water Stock Consists \l]!I 3 net results at the close anythingtear the Iltt r's protest does not carry for himself and .burros. The train I , : :what, they had reason _to look much weight crew supplied them .all by the buck y forward to. If '.a periodof, ,financial < etful as quickly as possible and Dry Goods Clothing and * epression should come on the av"producer's Scotch Presbyterians Celebrate 150th started the limited on its way again. fi : gage 4 it is' held, would Anniversary. i An old Nevada law which allows i \ pot be in very good shape to meet it. Special to the Ocala' Banner: desert travelers who are in distressto 1 rith high priced ,timber on their: New York, Oct. 22.-The Scotch stop trains and demand water and m Shoos ladies' d m i Gaot iS train to furnish the an s FurnlhingGoods iand and balances not in the shape Presbuterian church at Central Park compels crews _ hey should be. West, has reached an epochin its history needed refreshments still holds. The i x> the today ,and'Js marking! the, 150th old prospector. knew: it, so did the engineer IIA; Remember we must move and will move; it will 'A Si Most of interest of the week ; anniversary of its existence with joy 1 urea centered in rosin, which developed and ceremony.. Yesterday at the 11 Id not pay us to pay freight, therefore this is your op I I ; a sudden and entirely unexpected services Rev. Dr. Wylie, pastor'of the Hearts's Methods. $4 portunity to buy Fall and Winter wearing apparelat weakness resuiung in very sharp church prached a historic sermon. "Hearst must have learned I his fencing Yl at the lowest prices possible We,have been in bus in ' in a peculiar school, the says 'declines on practically all grades, the He reviewed the growth of the church ; lowest range of values ''being touched ffoni' 'tne' time it rasa snail: square Baltimore American. "His .strokes t iness here for the, past seven years and we do not are on the thrust variety. He has ,believe that have =h dissatisfied on Tuesday and Wednesday, when stone building in Cdar street, near '' K14 we single customer. iIItQ : Trtadowglass'.was down to j$5.30, If to Nassau, where' 'It -ins jfe&nca e4 ia17C5 not availed himself of a single parry. 5.00, M to $4:60.':; Kto $4.40*r to'$4.25;: up to a descrlpUo cf 4lV present The American is right It intended BUY YOUR GOODS FROM US AND SAVE.MONEY to 120., F to $4.15, E fo-$4.05. D to acociapUshineats! aa"'j ona of the this for a reflection upon Mr Hearst'sfcscbodj , ,.Op. A-C to $3.85. The chief .suffer. most influential churches in the me- but it really complimented , the pale and medium grades him. Mr. Hearst refuses to be put were ich showed decJ.hies.of,25 to'50 cts! trqopolis.; --. on the defensive. He refuses even to THE BOSTON STORE : .iso, Ibs. As was to be expected .A Seven Story Fall Produces Feeling parry thrusts that do not reach themark. m mmM :: in speedily Hearst seems to "have learned , ;= a, sudden drop prices of Delight.New' t"" tight about its own cure' in the York; Oct., 22.-"That fall of fencing in a peculiar school"pecuUarto OCALA,FLA. - those who do not know anything pe'of a heavier'demand that speed- seven stories was the finest experience . '. anged-the current'of the market that I ever had" was the declaration about fencing but evidently one in -" -'- WOO' d',started 'prices- -moving. upward "mad to physicians of ,Bell- which the pupil is taught not to be .1- --J'; . so that by the close today in- view hospital by William Bushnelh 19 put on the defensive and not to wear i -i . tions are that considerable of' the years old, after he fell down the air on '.i salf out attempting to parry ; . '" ... be,made tip. :of harmless blows.. To be put on the ' will already ; shaft from the :seventeenth, floor ' .ffTi moiemeat of late defensive shows weakness; to ,parry w Every) downward the Hotel Sevillee yesterday Bushnell U 4 "f'i. ban almost an immediate: reae-: who is a,plumber's,assistant, received a harmless blow is cowardice. Hearst'sschool who have jump walked of fencing is air right Its a , and only those a slight' bruise on his heel and , ).Q..1he.Ilarket with twenty-four 'to Belleview to have it treated.. "I daisy It 1s the other fellow Hearst P'mQ.ct:1ll:1JifbJ \- "" ""' : !l ,- ,fonyefght."ho.urh: yh have profited by enjoyed the fall very much," saidlxeha .1 wants to put on the defensive and he 9b1jalt: : bJiibJJifL-f is it doing it to the queen'sIaste.Montgomery doing - _ rsins > ; Flower. prices.... ,- ---' .5t i. Dr..Lewt8.'When..l- -first Journal, .; ',fi --- felt myself going i it frightened me, -,-,- , 1,397, sales. feeling of delight. I . firm receipts; but then came a --;- THE SQUIRRELS 'ROUND OUR Quotations; WW $6.00V'G was drunk with the exquisite pleasure COTTAGE DOOR. I , : N $5.20 M $4.85-90, K; $4.70 I I received a shock when I struck - 71 2-40. H $4.35, G $4.25-30, F the: concrete flooring in the basement, Just, where the squirrel st ps. .. f -25, E $4,10-12( 1.2. D .$4.10. CAt but that was not serious." The sunlight on the dew drops, o-5. Throw bright jewels on the grass, . "'" Farmers' Cooperative Congress , V Topeka. Kan.. Oct. 22.-The annual Close by his morning pass t , - the recent meeting of the Nail Where these jewels glint and glisten .ti. .: . U meeting- of the Farmers' Co-operative -' ' Asso- t t Paint. Oil and varnish Ke to listenAt - stops self-poised ; Association held here today :2.500 del I :--: _' : "," , !n, ,Mr. C W. Dill ,reported on Iowa sounds of nearing feet. Nebraska Kansas. ",naval. stores conditions as .fol- egates from South Dakota Ee seeks a secure retreat- North and "V Minnesota Colorado New Leaps into a tall oak .The" current crop Is being consumers readily Mexico Wisconsin.Oklahoma.Missouri Texas., Arkansas, Cunningly does his head' poke To CalifornIa "jwbd at fair 'values! c Mississippi. Alabama and Georgia reg Around the limb still wet " 31 ;- adjusted themselves to naturujltiona. istered. The gathering was the larg And looks down with eyes of. jet, - Then he quickly darts back; . the Unit r est of. its kind ever held in are legitiy ' is. argued that prices Fearing unfriendly attack .1t ed States Mr. L. N Holmes Bernice - # much dearer than in former [ In a inoment returns . that the objetcof " Louisiana, epxlained of the fact , the natural outcome the conference was to unite the Your presence he almost spurns; 1 ';whlle the world is growing and See there are squirrels two in a farmers of the United States ,;always enlarging the crop of permanent organization to control "W$ are not afraid of you." $30.00' "':stores remains always and of, farm products and to secure-the enactment Grown brave they seem to say. , ity of uacnanged dimensions of laws favorable to agricultural Theo they run leap. skip and her conditions ,this season None of the Mississippi states play, . fists J been: unusually adverse. heavy he said, had: a law regulating the In a cute, graceful way , : ;having prevailed throughout and control of oc-operative 'See them dance upon the fence! ** . organization pine belt almost continuouslythe societies. Kansas had a law to The've no drowsy indolence. - ; spring and early summer. cover the subject but it was inadequate There are squirrels all around, From St. Louis - t riod of greatest' production.e : It limited the capital stock to On the trees and on the ground position and outlook are for Now they have some acorns foundIt ; and provides no means maintainance of values $100,000 tastes to them quite sweet ., . and a y regulating the amount of stock which . 'to able conclutlon This wild, firm, white acorn meat. - be a reason member may vote. As there are .: " }d i g this turpentine-I article closer have since been one hundreds and of elevators telephons,owned insurance by farmers companies See Against that graceful the bright pose pink rose! ." Low One-Way Rates Every Day: ._r u iventlon of two years since, at would consider the Head erect; feet half lifted- " ' not consider woodtine the congress He's actor rare and gifted. To October 31 : } .* Jtime I did means for cooperation. Rv H an ; 1606 : a financial orircial best One finds mushroom white, . was either a . ",, McCullough Beeshe Ark., Farmers' .' ,.. ';: ; " success on account of the Cooperative Uuion His grace makes a pretty sight .,. I e; Hy of,:production .then being fducationaand of America; S. O. Dawes "president As he handles the mushroom. ,", . ced. Since that time new Farmers Association, Ikla, C. I. But a maid with a brush broom via . ..!a have been employed and to- State Peckham Haven Kan., president of Comes on the scene far too soon ..) ) nPacifib't two manufac. (Which does not with him attune) . ere are' one or absolutely the Farmers'' Independent Grain, Deal- ". ', ,,l: c - I-whq are' making' an era of Kansas and others addressedthe He makes a flyng spring ' article and it is meeting with meeting on subjcts of interestto On the arbor finds- swing __'success among the varnish agriculturists. Then creeps on tiny. feet Union " f at trade -1_ Back to hU,old oak retreat; : >: the PW U:1'e i I ? Lies his white breast :"es stilt pursuing i Why Don't They Come To Florida upon : distillation process are goon A Minneapolis editor recbmmends Free and happy-perfect rest. .. '" _ -1 : about the same lines asore I the use of sugar on cantaloupes Citra, Fla. M. A. R - and the steam process. so Great hevings! If he had a Florida an& : ::1r! can learn., !i almost entirely ;cantaloupe on his table he would It is Ag'in Him, -- :> :ito at on 'account of the expenhod nave to dose it liberally with pepper And Judge Palmer, of. Lake City is : of production.Id and salt to counteract the excess of 'spoken of as a probable candidate for : - be very pleased to see the sugar naturally in the fruit. Why governor of Florida, The News pre Southern Pacific, . .. :..UlOm the committees appoint- people will continue to live in a 'dicta his defeat in advaace-evea t / . ,:.;.\veatigate. this! particular prod- country where they have to put sugar 'nope for it-Suwaanee County News n ' com- ' : ;.v,- weU aa other special their cantaloupes is a problem 'I' ,: " ' ;!;"appointed for investigates, beyond comprehension.-Pen News. The Scrap Book says that ships . stores conditions generally ore tnan a'taousand feet in length . M i' ** extremely that 8i U 1c1ent A Certain Cure for Croup-Used for more than a thousand feet in length Be sure your tickets read over, this, line. : .. )-- . ;,. %f.\i not:given 'me Investigate Ten Years Without a Failure. may be expected before the middle of '-1: ,, .' ,> :*;,";:+{}'topics !discussed, last year Mr W C. Bott a Star qty* Ind.in, the century; that if you fight use ,. ?:': ; . enthusiastic ' ply same definitaVied haTdwaw merchant, fists marriage is ..:' :' : : _ ): '' r you with Cough your ; that everything ', I ryF Chamberfahx'sk " : information," his praise> I of cWWrea have all, OOeD&ubJect 'to a Frenchman and a German ,- _'.;< ";." .,:.4 Inquire" of. '' ,_ . 1119 . .,"\ .. to croup and ** has used thisremedy but nothing to as Englishman. t. '" ,: > .' r ... te.Law aingroilowe&ectloa for the past ten, ..years and : ;.........*:It! tt''!!.._'!' ,. ". "' -.- ." ".: ',' The rooster crlws in vain to the # ' . ,i.! provides .that the open eS- hfl'wUand althoughtbey< he mucH always feared felt the safe croup.upon ducks. 'Swine never appreciate jew, t'l ;j;" # "U .. ,.f -:;:. J.: i E' Van Rena4FEACHTREEST ... "'-. ,,,-:: ,:':".'-.' --k5', ,,:" .; ,: t shall be kept 'ql . ofChamber . ;; books when a bottle. elL ,, e' 'i : .:--v'.k ; .Ui eece retiring td4 __ ,.. c' .::,f@cotid Saturday in mitt's"Congb'...Remedy: va& in.,,the ; :8 .IIII' << ., .. 2:;","_. 'h. ding the'." eAeral"elegy houseHis oldest child was subjectto It is just when a' man has given uj :1 ATLANTA, GA. a L;!!:>4, that tie county commla severe attacks-of croup but this all thought of a thing' that, he think ;, -ivj ., : ': thq...."tollOwW i & .faHai to erect weed ... : ;- -": : ,:, : , nD.... t" ..fist- togt SSSmS $tof h1ijJrliids of it the most. ..' M, vt2.e'\ > (:; ., ,.4'"" is&oamended _= u t\ r .. : _' ', : : Yt.i -& nelebora *!\ till'ewi : ; :- -, '; we-' are' giving the. Cubans the .,.. _-. : " : e4 : i:3 : ; i :b tare u.se rlr.11that Wit .. ., : : i W and"whoopm-COUIL. for luxury of,a "stress government?*but > : : :1"t ': '. ,, -.tbsalkjoa In. thOl8' for crouP tI. -. it -costing us $50,000.& day to do it - 8&lob.aI1, Lake City .Index.. . ; " ., ' y , lti' '''' : i.f;- 1'- t ;: ;.;.' ff-: i,-' ..,.- .. F., ..:>... -t S .' ... V ,. f , "" I.---::-. .ii,;.. f .. '. .";.: ... ): -.,Tio. :' .; ',' =h .. ; ...... >J : ::;: '!'-5' ,..4. ,, ?..-" ; /'H. "' :' "' :,,' ;. ,;; ::. '-:;;--.< f} \ >!' ,,, ,- t ?.I >k .f- : "' .,..... ;. ;;. :! '>t.--]. ; ,.,._ '1 cr: !!;'- -I''.''..:.''.''...'... ,.. :-.' .<>'b.., ;"';V' ...,,r, ,1'" "\' ;',- <' .f' '""- it.t'i'I';..-< ,-, :' .-: - : ," c. > . !; ,, 'f.'i . 7 : ' :': ,: :'Y ,: ""', :!'<' .,=. ) :. .;;: } : ;' : : :.; \"''''''.; \,(';;'!'-( '7'--. ,': ." ; : . ,,, ..., ,. : .. '" :' '' ,,,,, : ,:' : .- '">'' ,4': :-, ," ," -,'' '." <'"=' : '" .. ''' . '' "JI' - . : " -"-'"' '':'',; .-" '""'" ''' '''. ,. .' .... '" : :{ : : ; : 'j- '' .. _, :' :'I 7'- ! %? _. ;:..-., .-_ ._;:: '= :' :,. ::1-- :.::.: .:: : ,, .:: :: : : : .:. ; : ;.. ..: ., ,. ; .. -; . ... . ( ,,. ; ,. . 51..t; 'fi *": -"""\'.>,.r...: "".,> 'b /.'". .-"'>' ,.w-,;.d;.. -"' ,,;1f .-:: ." < ?" '**:l 'I"--'.;> .-,"... ..'.. r'""' ":"J-"""" '-I'.e.: < .'To.F' * ; - > -s t .- ? fl& fVH t - / , > - j'- <: i, tDeatht , !< -. .:.: - - j-i- ' c.i4 /<"', :.._,. ....... ,,_, .. .._ __ c "... ...,_ ._ '....'- ' fe. : J ni fcyi o-jy< yt- ufrmiyf-;*+- :.Miss- onway. "' j :. == ,:: : ; **- . : ; American Association. WTrHARO Missionary VAN DUZO .. t 6R r I After illness Ellen' a short Miss & ::. ? a, Special. t o the Ocala> Banner: ". ..-...., Conway died at.her; home at Spring OherU /0.Qct, ;, ITbe..ssixteenthannual < . . ; He'' Wast 'Connected%Wit 'Duton ; ., ALWAYS GO TO The funeral afternoon. .. '.- 'Drairfage'ind Known theh Value of ; meeting took Wednesday Land Experience. Association which: was held 'place morning r ,1a wCriM, ., *From . attended from Messrs.. Mclver & MacKay'schapel here 'today was -very largely - ,, T'he,Journal 'has;-no interest, inthe: by delegates from every part of tissues of the throat arc In. this city. The: arrange =.;. ,- .c drainage )scheme :except as a' ,citizen the"'UnioiLAn : > inflamed and irritated ments of the funeral were In charge 8"B8St PUI8st Place r'! 5 :.cVFloridaandin'opposing-it. ,.we-,are address of welcome to the del ; you of ;the Rebekah lodge. of which the T ana .' honestly seeking to; serve what1-we egates was delivered by the president, cough, and ,there is moreirritation deceased was 'a member and R .y., C- :T ,. think'.to' be to the'.best.interest'of'thewhole Rev; Dr'=A..1L.Bradford,.Montclair N. -more coughing. You ,takea C. Carroll of the Baptist church,: of : people of the state. J Two subjects of great .importance mixture and it the which Miss:Conway was also a member - cough We,have never doubted, Governor to. colored people were discussed by eases conducted the services. The body ' : :Broward's sincerity in the great fight two representative colored men, irritatibh-for a while. You take was shipped to Starke, :where the in- _ --.f*,** t -which he is-making to fix.Irrevocably, "What the Negro Has Done for'Him terrment took place Wednesday af, _ -r' :: ,J the scheme upon the people'of the self"/ t Prot/Eo- B. Moore, ot Howard ternoon. Our Edibles and Drinkables are as Clean _ .state, but:: we: do believe that he has i,University and pastor of,one of; the SCOTT"SE'MULSIO''N Miss .Conway was only twentysixyears , been' misled and. :ois 'de etved about Congregational churches Washing- of age and was a 'splendid S Pure Food Law "- II the real value of the lands after ton and "What the; Negro Has Done young Ia3y.: She is survived' by several and Pure as. any , :- drainage. With Himself' by, Richard L, Wright, brothers and sisters, who have - 'Viewing the matter in this light we who when ,a little lad told ..GeneralBoVftid the sympathy .of their friends 'in could imagine them to .be t ; '. have honestly sought information. .to tell, the, boys 'and girls' in :and it cures the cold. That's their bereavement. . the subject from those In position to the north "we us risinV "We des is what soothes the Our establishment has been refitted s know and publish' below a letter from all rising together" This expression necessary. The school authorities of Ocala certainly - ' _ ': v throat because it reduces the made a mistake if it is true , Mr., W. LJ 'VanDuzor, who was con became, famous on account of Whit- nected, with Disston drainage enterprise tier's poem ;;concerning 'it. Irritation; cures the cold b cau eit'd'riv that they did not allow the childrento according to Sanitary Measures and the and who. has cultivated drained Miss Mamis, L. Blowers, of Porto the inflammation witness the corner 'stone laying but lands,,'and witnessed the efforts J of Rico, spoke on, "Woman's Work in s ; exercises. The lesson in local. patriotism I "Old andMatured" B-- '* others ii\ their cultivation and is That Country," }Ir.. Theodore Richards builds up the weakened tissues such an event would, have installed only thing in it remaining - SfeV i-.. *. ''therefore capable of speaking intelligently of .Hawaii; described his work because it nourishes them backto tile impression that would f | > _. on the subject; among the South Sea Islanders their natural strength. Tq'at's'howScott's have been revived in after life at the I are our .. :A careful reading,.of the letter There, were also addresses, on MISsionary sight of .the building-these vrere far tn which'follows, will 'no doubt enlighten subjects by Dr. T. E. ,Burton, Emulsion deals witha more important to each child's moral l : fc .1, many. :who know absolutely nothing of :Ohio; President M: Slocuni. 'of sore throat, a cough, ii\scold, and mental well being than any lesson - .EC'.--;- x.::. .. of,.the' conditions.-Bradentown Jour* Colorado University, and President J. or bronchitis -V it learned that day from the printed j Whiskies Wines i Beer. nal. '' : In fact, the school cmidren 4 H. Bradford, of New Jersey.,, -- <. { page. , ; ,'Kissimmee, Fla., 'Sept 25, '1906. During:the proceedings hymns were' WE'U SEND YOU should be in.some' way a feature of i : is f To the Editor of the.'Times: sung by the jubilee quartet from Fisk -:' A SAMPLE ,FREE. every'' such celebration, these future . y-. 5I have read'.witb inieresj ,(3dvenxor University, ? .of.* e>; citizens.-Times-Union. Our way of doing business is the , " .* Broward's speech delivered in Tam i . "-.= The: Irish Home Rule Question. 40w4 134,717,580 BARRELS OF ,OIL mode ,5 j ; pa-and would request|you to print a same courteous and appreciative s4 l. : ,few facts-the' other side pf the pic- Special to the Ocala Banner: , :," "; "re." London; ,0et\ 23.yVery )important -- -' j Year's Production In the Fields; : of - rM.. : \.r..., r'>: 'J'- 'shad several years'experience..: '- _.:In matters(are}set for consideration (:during '"Some" ofithe' '" Reasons, .' Why ThijT-State the United States. we have employed for years and any constructing canals to draIn' much i the present session of ParliamentR'ich Offers the Greatest' Inducements' - _ lands; as the superintendent of the commenced today including the J.: "' Washington D. C., Oct. .-During favors bestowed us will receives rit1antJe and Gulf Coast Canal and Irish Home Rule Bill which Is expected <. The, 'following. from the NampaTimes the jyar 1505 the oil fields of the upon ; Okeechobee. ., Land company. About will :pas?; the commons with ;sets forth the advantagesFlortds United States produced. 134,717,580 I : *** offers the farmers at the present barrels of petroleum, as against 117- r ct and prompt attention J .. thlrty. \:miles of canali, weredug !in a sweeping maS ritr. ! ft; the |upper Everglades or the 'lands Should the' bill ''be''rejected''by'th' time that comment would be su- 080,580 barrels in 1904 according to , .. ffb bordering Lake Okechobee, ,and these the Lords, resolqtions to!':10.drastic nature pernous':: 'lac::- a report issued today by the United ,Our constant aim is '*To Please" e "bordering-! lands are practically ,all, of will, be passed .' ., > 1t is :becoming.generally recoghizIsdthatjFlorida States geological -survey. This was { the:Vat EVerglades that is''not absblutely dealing with t igli: OUB *. is about the only greater bi***.636.620 than the production ", worthless. | The hopes:of rash 'Nat1o 1alists' are stale in the country that, had j any .in any previous year, although. Try us and be convinced. For., "thirty years or;, more I .have high..now that .great daY+,in Irish,. really "cheap land for farming ((pur the value of' the' oil produced was f :: watched the efforts of others InxultiTaUo'n. history is 'approaching.- Owing to poses. ;This state of things J-S.due $17,018,056 less than that of 1904 Respectfully \ of muck landsAmong them the necessity of'th Irish _Catholic! to two facts One is that.Floridahasnever During 1905 there was a notsb'ledevelopment yours, c the"present State Chemist, R.E. Rose,: members 'bitterly: opposing the :governments been'.regarded -as a su1t&bii"i'e- in the mid-continental whosent about $60,000. onhigmuck *;jeducaUoiTbinr jjiere 'J.asf gion for "profitable farming fajongf oil field, and the completion of a pipe ' i faOD and made ,a complete, failure.'. e1'a.: constant possjbilitx;otavbreak. those' substantial! lines with*Whi h line from Humboldt Kan, to Whit STRA USS& CO. , ..H AIs''".now telling GOtemQt..Broward" between...theJiberals.aadthe.nation.. theme: .fajmers |of the countryarea ing, Ind., marked an important step -'_ ud the people of Florida.ot the great alists. This has caused Home Rule generally familiar. 4tThe! in the, transportation of oil. r. fettilt of.' the Everglades' Ai |C. Bill t Before now.f Y "I fi 0 other| that the balance of theland --i Ri9m n'spent $100,000 at Southp '. fcUl/that! li'now overf ana hence- hash been Eso a assidiously sought|sandtaker ROOSEVELT TO OPEN FAIR. Wholesale( and Retail Liquors, 1 zr ,Facie Goblet ,expended ,full I Esc t ifthtihe Irish!%tionalislsaVfe4ike-; ;": that there is none lef that. , .. v 1and a number of, others, In iy to support Sir Henry ampbell-_ may be considered cheap )1 Accepts an Invitation to Speak at OCALA FLORIDA.Southern i 'd II. Towne,'df Tampa, spent Bannerman in anticipation, of the'bill "It is gradually becoming ttoi..)>q Jamestown April 26. . Jafguma and failed to produce to the brought in February It is known that staple farming 'c%\:' >e - eloprfprofitably.. Thisbwasfih T : satdpoa the; best= antho"rity:-that this with mojmmfort rconducte3hnFlorida Washington, Oct. 23.-President / ., <" '" sioa muck lands in the vicinity- bill will be a' sweeping measure of and more profit than In||hose Harry St George Tucker of the -=- -r\. .*,Kfeamee,. which have not been inundated local government but that it will not sections :.which have heretofor been Jamestown exposition, today calledon Y : >:" since' 1894, 'and are far regarded as superior. Peop1. Mare President Roosevelt and notified su- : grant a separate parliamentMeeting __ ta ,* p.rlo5to'any jii the Everglades. learning that there may be rais3cat-. Him that, April 26 next"had been decided Railwa may'-. "pfewgreat St. Cloud :/sugar pianta.j.tienf of Medicos of Three States. tie, horses and hogs, with as'much)or upon for the opening of the _ y' 1i: can be purchased for,less than Special to the Ocala Banner:' more facility than elsewhere fjhey exposition., ,"'4J liteildiugs; cosi; 'that now stand .on Chattanooga, Tenn. Oct. 3.:-"Two are, coming were in President Roosevelt gave his prom- . -[= .- 1LIt iseneeda has aa5 footrcana! bundred' delegates,;were.i present+..todayl0ta bar /in* "*pjodnttipn*oi'lfvestockthucCess Ise to attend the opening ceremonies :'2 Vestibule Trains, East. INo. 34No.| 30 j North and West. INo 1 . t, ( fife,eighteenth 'an nual,se; ' freshness . _ t. # 'H" 'beauty and frag: *> v. .. .: 'm nN . _ 50 .\ Guaranteed by Tydings& } ranee, .".. '. 't'- ,** N*, CLve ,,- ,- . ,; , : Co.MWftt':. ;. In' F a "- .. ,: .. .. r 6' "'J'! ;A.o.i _H.Thalgott proprietor of the Dunivelion 1 OIt :' ":::: -. ' ' i. Variety Bakery; is ,now! prepar : < ; .l _ = Solid Quarter:oak three piece;suits *d,to ship bread, pies and cakes on o L Jhe..AtlaSa J !ConsUfution cape .that it'ad, individual ctairs in the newest short netie. .Give:me ,a ,traiL .x if Luther ,Burbank'. the, poiaollgical xf . .".* 4 .Designs,..can be fouad at the,best,furniture > wizard< of the -Pa lflc_"slope, will, i : :81. ?-,.., 1' .; store in' town. : .-That's. the j A.:L. IWebb's"- Clearance !Sale 18Iloo.OD Drugatgfs rive'th ---world.:!< 'wwaleschestnut READ 7I1H o.C' :111 : ; 5".x,;.,' "r Pi- <\ t.ocaU4irniture. Co. .. I' .* .% T-..dings j- &'Co- ,: Ocala.. FlaV. 5 potterity will Ilse-up aad'bless him:,: ". 7 iJ' , ' -,<: '- .. ,' *j&m, ; < '11" : i Jl.; '.I '1... > : ... '. :- ;, <,, _'i ..L. q.:; ,,..., .,. __ .-.. ,. ': .. : .. .,1:.- ... "' . ', "' '>1'- ,, .jJ;. tJJ .r. .. ;: \, "= "1: '" '""- ; ,.]... .... ,(#i. < ", . . ''' .J""i . - ) ,.. t- ( ' 'm. : \1 < .. ,, . . H..c, .;; <: "-:o:" ; ,< "" l: ";;'' ."? it :;O':. ". -" ,.. c..; '.*;.:1 "' ..:>' ,'''' ), ;=;;.t'" "; ._, .: :;1:"'.- :I;< ,. ;; ::::--;'t"-rJ;.,",.:.:?.' '-.'o'C:;, "" ;,, -' ;.t---. ::,? '' ;.' "' : : .' ."' = '' <. .:,} ;;.;:'":"' ""' ;:' -7's.";};: *>-<:: "" .:;,*3f. -' ' 1"r : ; : 3i : ' ",.' .. ':_ : ; :, .:", '._,_ .__.._,. ,_' -' ,: ''-_'<, :; -o .;:_. ''- ., ,,- ', '. '; > :" ,. : > ' : : ; ' ." : : f. ' : .' : :. ::": ..- :.:<; ,_':,:._, .., ':""_ ;,_::: ", .. ; ::".-:,;;.>.r:.: ,>, : ': ,'J!!.-,:"'!- ,::<,:,<" ",: : . :. ':; '..'.':''.'' ''.';: '':_;';';; :.:' ,'''',...._ c :.?. : t; : :;"-" ""'' -_'' : ':''':-''- .''' > '";"''': ' .. ._- "i' .- -, ": "" : c: '=, .c--' '' ' c. .. ? > ,' _ - " : ,, = - "Z' : [ .Qr _:?' ; ::::"? ; // : : "" ; . r- r"t" : : : ; : = " t;.; ,.;",,,,"" -..... ): "Jf'. -.' .t'r-t.. .,."-" ,, ., =,. ::. ",',, .' . . h _,. 4, 5 rs j '., k, r; ..:;"' i-:'' ; <<"'""- J$ '';':"<>.'. "' . )'c 'k"i. , J "" ,- # l' '", !OJ: -., .': J to *-.* , '.-' ,-, -.' : 0 ...,. '1-' r. i:, ';:: ",; "N; ., ; ...., ,:... WARNED, 'BV7'PRES- ,, DENT'. '\ " ; ' ; q nK'rffi\D I .rE"iMER Negro Battalion, Must Tell: on:Offenders . _ ; \ ,: ,J"'' tl 1 1 t. t 1 Ill/ ppoinf Our Fatisnfs. or.' Be Disbanded.El i >..; 'il !Jit \ j'f aY' i j! tttt t : I ' 2: ;ti N) ..AB J.A 1N0 U LACED Reno, Okla.-pct, IS -Itj became ft t tltt it 1 Sp 1 iL; l .ssI aid bU.Iariir. beam.IIM h.sad FaIH'Ntoo.1.'..' ..i. known, here today that E. A. Garling- t.Ip.t+uta.ut eoa..u BIoo4 a ... ,. Jj pill ;tpt1 . .t\ .f. . " ton inspector general of ,the United .-.U7 to a1a aI .ta,.,.; lAd d ., & rard M tat f { 'UBoUut ;: _" fa., ;Julia, ; I palmer, announces'the: month" :'visiting!; Jyarious eastern> chic States, army read all/order ,from ,,JP,; l't ; t.sty. .Jl of 4Jo Gearrstoeteetr,1tm*J C0.ii ta taitiMUoa orj....Ad Ue4a"rlof>3 < i as:.;ement0f her daughter, ,Miss and points of interest and after the President Roosevelt several days ago JttSAMiMGOa 'I, .... duaaee. De. H. L Ittou! V .- firSt .of' December "they will to the; battallion jot the !'iVenty-fifth ttlt A11JUItA j i tIUtI &h"let eaaatues seeiaie; soils India be Jat .,4(3ie: Palmer and Mr. wiliam Of CiIfUa'P'Jlldauau.V OU. - home Owensboro Infantry nereb stating ,that the. ,battalion ....a SU trntawl Qf caroms 44ianal0 8 sea..... r lor ?Alsop; ''of Owensboro, Ken- atJ ] greaterportion 1 must give .th'e names of, ,the r ue tail mt4i4tJ u4.Seatrtoat ota, - al Miss Palmer has spent the I _lit eqldHd 11 a:11A. "' a14 1M. r.< ,. .. of her 'life' In' Ocala 'andfis men in the recent Brownsville Tex., t t't rldYpt ,....... rel.u4 1.tel/a fir. ..tub clef! v I t t i ult. bon Sd'MIII4iai preis+ltos. Odra .. k Fhe, marriage. of. .Miss Palmer and one of ,the, most, popular members]pt disturbance 'or be dishonorably: disc t t t l tttl Sa sv/ty rnplC. u4 w. ..,..ao, ..s ka tLe :'ff ,Ji 'l Aliop'wlll take place on the'moming the' younger. society '.set She posS: charged.. The trouble in Brownsvillewas 1 t t t t ,1 t 1 t iS lad yirsdsas urea etteaduta snag to.,"P1arl1... tGa.UW. . _;:,r ?of Wednesday, October the thlr..ofttyflrst jses beauty. charming mannersa" between these negro troops and IhllI$ l j *i i .1 11 / I. sdaltawna' ,< ts/w M weue yadit ta4o ; . 0 0.D.*Of walled for E'Nae.it.1st_, , _ at Dunedin and will be lively disposition and has endeared: the citizens. .cau.. Osr tera for tiwtr,M tvcn* ,.. ..+ '. ..,. "i;">very ,quiet home wedding. The I herself to :a ..large circle. -of friends, The inspector general came here a./rattala.pet meat*.(mU eeettOd Jne lelid.dr. and n Kr MI s.rh -f' bride's two brothers- Mr. Harry who .will wish, for her .every happU' from San Antonio and had the battalion EDlR. S sEsai e1j" => io .llw 5 ;Palmer',and Vvoilfield PalmerWill : lined,up on the parade ground. , '. ; go nessin her new nome. j 11I..y cad 81ad treattty _ : down Dunedin After delivering his -.-.ultimatum he ydr.aer., Enta..I..i1 ., "... "hi.I tq next, Sunday Mr, Alsop is to be warmly coni mall..... Gataft.. :f tape present at"the wedding"and Miss gratulated upon 'the bride that be gave them .unit nine o'clock Monday talea i l'aa U4 LI.... =- ., Ji ::-, 'Pauline. Sullivan, .of this city whoisjnow has won. .He ,is a wealthy and prom; morning obey. The time limit was Dtuam 1Nhrr&all..f won.... ...a.u.. es.e. of UIII"... - visiting j! isa Palmer, having inent young genueman of Owensboro exthended day but it, is believed OCK m4tttoa Uywi v* rick er a Os .. _ e acxt7ni' B&lMkt for '. -gone down Io"attend7the wedding.1Mr and will introduce his young wife ia {to nothing was revealed. Gen. ..Garling- &' .urD ADVIO fees<6 C. n..r : 31 _ ; and, Mrs. Alsop will' 'go .easton ; large circle of cnarming ....friends. 'in ton made Inquiries and took several l katituuitrt1 3lps:: II .... _- '1 ". affidavits and left. It is' believed he t,! : their wedding, trip spending a his Kentucky' home. t:: . s. fc <" went to Washington to consult the . '':: T \MAJOR' ROBERT... GAMBL'E. --Ti I what a real, wuuerness that section- president Say RED ROCK , J. was. The families living in the 10 FEVER CASES IN HAVANA. and say it PLAIN C. V. Rob rU , '.Tallahasseeana". have long 'accustomed county at that time: might have been . e themselves to regard this as counted on one's fingers, and there Authorities Working Hard to, Stop 'for imitations are and Licensed Embalmers :one:. of the oldest settled sections, of was no regular communication with Epidemic-No American Patients. vain.Sold - the outside world, schoonerto in . except by the'state. and. so, it is; yet ''there ,6c the very best work and - : St. Mark's, once In six weeks. | Havana Oct. 18.-While there is use : T. .curreoV-in.thls city last>:week an event There, was no communication with some apprehension with regard to and best methods. ' y which brought to ,men's minds reali- Tampa by land or water-not so yellow fever the situation is not regarded = zations of the fact that the history much' as a cow trail through the as especially dangerous.. The ( Iiaeedtate After t1ou. } than woods. There Major ,Gamble. purchased number of cases under treatment in at groceries in . :'of Tallahassee Itself 'was' briefer .. thirty-five hundred of Havana this evening is ten' makinga .. acres land bottles and on draughtat :: '):; the. duration of one man's life. and with one hundred and ten total for October of thirteen. There CO. : Nearly ninety-three years ago slaves and a few expert workmen are at present one case at Cruces and all founts. t { Robert,Gamble ,was born,in. Richmond who had strayed, into that section two at Cienfugos. corn t North Main Street, and OckUirJa - Virginia., Nearly seventy-nine years he bagan clearing land and the manu- Dr. Carlos Finlay chief of the' department *' *?!# Avenue. - ago Robert Gamble: lad;;of fourteen, facture of brick for the erection of a ; of health and sanitation,1 ? +pewH Nfcat! P' '1\0 ft and WT. } ,first, came to Tallahassee. The present residence and sugar mills. Sugarwas said tonight that while fever in Havana . city of Tallahasse did''not exist. made in large quantities use was epidemic the situation was j' It is believed that not a house nowstanding the major's own language "enough; not one to cause serious alarm, and . in this, city had then been there that the THE _ molasses to float the United StatesNavy. was every expectation t 'erected. Since Major Gamble came ." This was sent .by schooner to spread cf the disease could be con - here as a boy to make his residence Mobile .New Orleans and New York trolled. Most of the patients are ..men and women nave been born, have .and brought satisfactory prices. Spanisa laborers, .who continued their ) Conjxiye ;grown) up and fought life's battles In 1858, Major Gamble disposed of vocations 'after infection. There, 'havebeen ,ave- grown old and have; died. Darling .'I his Masatoa property 'to' a companyof : no American cases. - : :this period, practically the whole LouisIana sugar planters .for $lS0001) ,.I Major Kean of the medical de- - of 'Florida's history has been made ., The civil war following: closely partsient: does not regard the situ .= and recorded. Social institutions after, the slaves. were freed, and, ini anon with apprehension.' He said ; -; : 'have developedand' changed and pasr I i the unsettled condition 3f the country this eveiiing that the work of mosquito Y ed away. Yet taJoi Gamble; never :the business was 'abandoned. The : extermination was progressing . seemed an ageworn'm n. His whole I vigorously and effectively' and that ; major returning to middle Florida[ , 5 life compared ;with the average allotment where he'.spent the# r mamingyears general sanitary work was being undertaken 1+11 and, Varnishes, of :man, seems.wonderful Indeed of his long life-a,comfort to'his on a larger scale than be- ;: both In point _of duration ,and friends and an ornament: to society.Major .. fore. He believes that the sewar- Mining Supplies incidents. of Havana is an important necessity , Gamble married 'the daughter ; age Major Gamble was a remarkable in this connection, as the cesspools - of Judge Thomas Randall 'and u, u ntine Snpplies character He was at once one of =: although under ground are , Laura; Wlrt, ids wif %'She was the the most polished \ emen- original mother children, Laura prolific breeding places for mosquitoes Improved = three ; Farming ; of{ Tools] thinkers and .useful citizens who VoorheeaL Katherinei Elizabeth and ,. the insects escaping through ; have lived In. this'city'and" he has Robert Gamble, who died at' birth.. Hew the air tubes.' - left upon the society 'and the Institu s an edler in the Presbyterianchwc1L Major Kean regards the. impressing lslteI OUR PRICES tions of his old home an impress both Ji upon the, various' municipal au- : ot, _TaUahassse.. for;,.,.fifty i eiii! ;itag an"d ,asL ; Alta Ilifi'be'ewhea I I years and aMason for nearly authorities of the need of carrying out the last century wasyoirng, 10.1 health measures as' one' of the' prin- I, II j long a xit time: He t:diedY October , ,aau, "throughout its unuKe. E 1"'leIlth, ;::: 06, in his ninety-third year, being cipal problems in Cuba. .: was both friend and associate of .;Ill and active up to the time of Company ; the leading citizens and public per- !.! last illness. i Light Votes No-, . .state Reddick PUu'OcL 19 1906. sbnages '. JEFFERSON, BELL T.'c't ---"- -.. .... !;:>li'into"a great 'American common- '!< To the Editor Ocala Banner: 'r7. wealth. He had been a friend of all ,. To Wed a Princess. ;| Vote against article No. 29, constitutional Manufactured- by THE RED, ROCK ; Florida's governors and prominent of- Professor Jerome B. Landfield, of amendment, or in the increase COMPANY, Jacksonville, Florida. r ficials. He had been a notable figure .the University: of CV.ifornia is twed 'of pay for our circuit judges. I --- ----- - }n 'tie-'chanains :.social :Ute;ot the.old, the'' Princess -Limba Labanov of I wrcce to the clerk of the supreme I" 4 south, and he had adapted hlmsejf'p one of the noblest houses .in the courts of North Carolina, South Caro It'Will'PayYou. | the 'new conditions.and,:ra3. aa ors realms ot the 'Czar. Besides beinga lina, Georgia, Florida Mississippi and lament to the social litreary and princes; she Is a very wealthy ones: 'Texas, asking for information as to jBemi-publiC' 'life of, the. present .'gen Professor Llhdfleid. -occupies the the salaries of their judges, cost of ' eration.H chair of history In the California f clerical help numoer of cases actedon \. :f Robert Gamoie. was the eldest son University.:. Jn[ :order to study the etc- in 1905 and from their replies , of, John, Grittan Gamble J' of" 'Rica*. 'conditionsaadpast# | of tiieCra s empire I get the figures I quote:. I..... , mond;' vlrginlaUaailoflNanC i Peyfon, 'he!spenLlast-summeri at .'St. Pet North Carolina pays her supreme :=' ' .youngest daughter of Governor Christopher ersburg. He met the princess at a court' judges $3,000 a year each or You have any R al'Estat ! Greenup of Kentucky. He was reception. Those who watched the $9,000. Nothing said on other inquiries IF to sell, yt. born in the old family resldea-e:: on' par. ,suspectediront,the_ first.nat., .IV. the South Carolina pays her chief .' Gamble's"Hill..-'RichmondMonl'Decem' ;; end""would" be.;. Several Officers "who justice $3,000 per year associate OR tYou're ;;"ber8, 1813.- -His, -fatber-and uncle are''dose to' the "'urged him to judges $:,800 a, year each and the 'who were partners were large Importing stop the match, but he refused to interfere clerical help cost $3,200 a year; or a IF thinking of merchants owning their own total of $14COO yearly. Texas pays Florida for a home. ships and were,ruined financially by her three supreme judges $4,000 eacha " President Jefferson's policy of embargo -. Quinsy, Sprains and Swellings Cured. year and total appropriations for OR : .: \ enforced against; the British in "In ,November 1901 I caught cold supreme court $20,000 per year and w the War of 1812. and had the quinsy" My throat was tvO cases acted on.. You: desire to invest in This reverse of fortune was eventually |swollen, so 'I could hardly breathe. I Florida payj six;supremd court IF kind of Flor daproperty, 1o . 'Pain Balm and the cause of removal of the applied Chamberlain's judges each $3,0v yearly and clerical relief in a short time. In it me Florida in' 1827,. where both gave help over $5,000 making a total TO SEE j: family to two days I was all 'right, says Mrs. , '''brothers, became large cotton planters -".L. Cousins Ottertwrn, Mich. Cham of over $23,000 and two hundred cases OR WRITE . SSI 'on their respective estates of berlain's Pain Balm is a liniment and acted on.. and Waukeenah..- is especially 'valuable for sprains and The amendment calls for an increase . d ., iWeelaunee,Robert Gamble was fourteen years swellings. For sale by all drug of $6,000 in salaries yearly for Je H. LIVINGSTON $ONSOCALA. O EACH WEEK 4 .t.t'of age at this time. The family came gists. : m 'supreme court judges, and with clerical Iii BETWEEN' ' by private ,conveyance ji help the same expense would I , 'r |to Florida School Teachers Meet. FLORIDA. Richmond, and passed through cost the state nearly $30,000. Thus < ; from coutny school teachersheld ,.' .Tallahassee on Christmas Eve;; 1S27 The" Marion our supreme court would cost us and New York. : that night between the SL their first .meeting} of Ibe, year twice as much as it does South Carolina :1 camping 190601.Saturdayy morning at the ar- Burnett branch and the small ; one half more than Texas or Jerry ; Augustine and the meeting was well at S. C., both - stream hundred yards east of it on mory nearly as much as Texas and South ways < , " a road. He found a tended. Carolina combined. '. H:: T3E COASTWISE SZBVKZ. ': _ , the St. Augustine superintendent of MerchantTailoring . W. D. Cam, . Mr , t village with one street now Now I reason that if North Carolina r small . Marion county board of public instruction =s extending from the old cap- the pays but $9,000 a year, South a :Monroe, AND SOUTHERN ONES . and made splen- presided Leon Carolina Texas site of the 11,400 'a year, $12- .,; Hoi to the present remarks. Rev. C., C. Carroll and<; did ; ' t hotel,- Huge stumps occupied the 000 a year and Florida $24TGO;) a year BETWEEN ; - middle of the1 street While,"on either Mr. C. I. Bittinger also made short in salaries to our high judges, our and Providence t side were a few one story wooden talks tr the teachers. cost of the supreme court would be ; Ocata. Florida.t'tiiesi Eastern Points. : The special discussion of the morning f settlers'obtained greatly out of proportion accordingto stores from; which the was the securing of libraries for' Imported and CbarleUoa Bath Ways. and assessed valuation The major grewto I population ' their supplies. manhood" and started life in Leon me 'public 'schools and every, effort ;and as the total pay of all of supreme Domestic Cloths. f ; Eli L Y SAILINGS. 4' county *s f"a cotton-planter;. but as ; of the teachers will be turned in judges would be more than I Cutting a ."! ;- t -' ..................... Fran- 'Lewis' Wu' -:Bcst' selling ] direction. twice the of North Carolina . -that product was very cheap, pay ; more Fits Guaraitteetl.er. , sometimes. as low as 3 1-2 cents per 'Prof. J. H. Workman, of Ocala.was the. than twice the pay of South Carolina .....!..?rom: flat;) of, Catherine Strssi..Jaczonyife !r of pound he gave that up and moved to unanimously electedpresident ; twice the pay of Texas. Why _ 'Jefferson county;-establishing a'tobac.co school teachers' association And Missannttte increase their pay $1,000 each per Johns River Line. ; - r : farm1 and cigar, factory. This ran. Gist, of McIntosh, who year? Also if South Carolina is two tIARAIf . long 'smoothly! a>few" years long teaches the Summerfield school association was and a half times our population, twice d; ndc F and Sanford. ._ .: = ' The , his .brand of cigars' to elected secretary. the assesed valuation of property of r'T enough', for six weeks, the met-- = Seresfard (?elaai ) ad htirmellkti : meet BANK t reputation In the New York; will 'every Florida, Texas with five times the AAAl . !,?&" ,--.... ,markets.'years maKe a after which he learnedthat ling i{ bin; called for the second Saturday population nearly!; ten times the valu- $5. \ Vf R. R. Fare Paid. N ca ..StJiu Bite California andBother In December, ation of .our' state pays $20,000, why taken on ltlop. in fine cigars and cheapest on earth. Coat dslar Write />- of Jacksonville 0,,; .' : distant parts were* branded ,as. :should we be taxed over $29,000 when 6EOB&IA4U8AUA BUSINESS/ COLLEGE,*icos ". _ -; Wants the, Best and. Sends to Florida. (JftduoavilhT daily, except Satnrda ' Florida with six - . Waukeena cigars as a mark of ex- judges acts on just JS. vy p.tr : Florida is now shipping oranges to : wulf eurpt:ua4afli It 9a..m. _ :cellence.; half as many cases as Texas does New Mexico in car .load lots. The UelVER and . r t..a witn three judges . After a Jim the .ravages, . small species -of insect: caused 'great California "orange' ;, grove are much I VOTE NO- LE'' 1 Nortb Bo.ad. e loss in this =:tobacco.Industry. L: and, nearer. ,' 'but thel: :'New Mexico .people Yours truly Read up --: .'.. : rid'-of ,want! quality in :theit./fruit: and the L. S. LIGHT. -.I r : t mowmgno? better way-tp. get California oranges can't stand coaiiparlsbn JackJOl\'Ule .. ... ....:...._,. ,"... Arrive a oo ism :, & 'thIs: destructive -little enemy, Major, frbm ,FlOrida.- i \ _. 'Pa"Lka ___ _"...__ Let t 8 oo p.'at 4 rv- :r with those satlue4 AHor ._. jGambl set fire to his factory nd'A' A customer Is the best ad. ? .u..WMM/MY.NMW J 311 Ate _ .St. Praacit. ..._ :' - yi mad - Live ,Oak Democrat. rttseounV satisfaction Is. not lOOp.. , ; . . \ent'turth r south in search of an* Sanford .____ : > __ - Aim but L only our guarantee. III 9 P our .Try FON EkAL ... __ ... .. '.c,;: other field .forInvestment Reachingtherwfldsl \ f -- the White ''House shoe; spring style; Ei.teipri .. ,,,r \ 10,, oo a. ta : of:Manategcouilt: t)!$t':j8J2.' j;.Admfna"the-M.f -v* *... -* Gentleman* l,,-...* V.... irotntDeSotaen. f.Mi .... for men''and women Just arived.' The '"' .. !. and believing. ,111 her future", and IA I 1 < -MW.. t J : Fair. x1 Office, .122. West Bay St, ,Jacksonville... , , --, : tpaa return- . 1bllltie . the Albert . : .( of'wherirlclilhaminockI : : \V1-GUch | ' _ i iaadsrhdefer"nihed to' ea'frontabroadbutnetar<< not syeCiuinounced .WANTED- '-Two 1 good tea sters:' nd I. 'tt t h.. Agent;UJ Wilt Bat St.JacbnmUe.l'ia.: { ; { two goodwork .hands. tohelp' stock of.-Coffloa .- {' .,C.P.LOV2U,? SBperUtendest. - fn1Y jsugar.fplantation and factory: : himself for:governor.iTneVNews !, ; Have a ;Jacksonville; Fl*. s ; ,; ftorth.d> :of" ,:L11Tert, I.U Iit ; ; in .harmony' with .t e I "around a'mi Apply Jo. W.-,J; and BurUl.Ouitits; {l3 ,e&.aI. ,I givgn : ..Jtew York' CI,YD MUKJ?.,Geal FTt.Agt.1& T* ; " :rhe.'enormltr'.ot 'that undertaking "cra ke(" iaq an admirer 'ot :Lohrf&tWf! Broadway.'\Oeals. Burial erryieea.: : *",' 1.';. : : and:Generil 1 Manager.; t,', t-.J b - . ;,, ';',,dylgl id6 stggd,, t i8 known ,a .,W1 J iiLtve!. ,.. Osk....!o"'iJo'n New ; .<,8-2 tf .; -, -;: -'i.. ; EMbflhi lg-vto Older<; t ; : ,... Branch 290 Bro'.dwa>,v New wor.c. , -. ti' " .J"i. . .' -*, ..,., '-.."'".,.... ,_-.,_,<>-.........'f''T. "'" r,...,._. ..-.-. -,' S . " 'Z: - : "" : -- 'if ', . I' 4.'f ;: '2, .; h ..,. '... 1r ., " _ r' ; l \; ? 'i- ;, , r 'J , - &; '--'"-" '-- v.. W<% i$' # ,; .'. *- ". -'?:..f "," ;;' < : '''' . .. O'- : : _ '' 1- . -11. :; -;::; :" ;: ::O'r': -r'-r'.t. : : & 't'c : ,,, -.' :' { :'- ; ''','': : : ed'h : : , : ; ; :< :; '' : : : . : ' >: : : : : '"; ::: .t. : : "" :; : ; ''- : " : -:.ft--r': ,, ;,"''".<>-,-,-.,....,',,',' ":., ;,:,.<. ,."_ ""!',:: {f.-'-',.,",,,: :-, '''.,:-::,:_,,'. :'',, ".:::as,;..,.:,;;.'.:,=:,.aid',,,,,,"(;:,:'''''.,.,,-,'_::.':,,, :'_' ir'.,;._"'-j" '' :':' :'; :'_',,,,,,_:,,:_<:..::.:".;.< ,<_, .,'-"",'<'?"'-;!:'':-'' '':''- :. s 'Tr Jl' '' ,' '... .' F15..L '',; '' _,, : ', ': -:"'' : '''''' '>' -"""' :"'';' '- -'' '::, :, ''. : ,,,,", ,, ,,,;' ,,". :- . : : -' : : ; ; f;; , : i.f : "' '' - - : ' "" ... .',: ,- -'<. ,,.. ',;'- )'' '' ,_. =- ; :, .":", 1. ,_"-S ., ,. :: :<:"' "- .'f1'i' -t't' ; ,, ;,, ..,. ---L.i", ',.,'. '__)c'"C'!< ,,- ;JJIrt ,,;..., :- : _ : : : : : ; ; : : : . ttf.r'- ,f" :, .: :'',',''':/ J?+: ; : ; ...-. "., : : "! ", .< l, ...,:.. ,>. :;,; >-:-, ;-.:",. . " ,..J.flW,, I_'fprt' "'" } ""'J. ,<(' .A"i =.t":;.: ":'<' $*,':' '"B;";!'4:.is:..r..,iV.""y"{;<;''it.\ .-.1A''r-,<'f<'--, ,f::'zx': IL., '"'.$-''y "-!*>r'-_ ,._-...,... "'of: :";,;j -,! "" <"''.*:,(>=: .tfl. +-Y''>' .-'; . '( '&f'&sr- > "r* ;> - -J: " .Of T ; \ T'. f p.a9E yet __ , :'', 'ANQrtN1.AND :THATMWORSHIPSrj' M.jo enont .Fieminq'' MaileAirthoritative ME riNQjOJ..CITY, :COUNCIL" streets, of city :and recommending T -_ ' CMRIST: 'AnnouncementtoVet-.. : '" I that Ocklawaha avenue be'rep ed .y ; : -3H A-t "HVThe - t OFFICIAL I' eranL" with crushed 'flint. "rock was read. l: . ; . Russian :Soldier* Who Shot a WoH f Official ''orders"announcing' thV six. city council ,held regular .neeting t ,Mr Robertson movedrreport, be'adopted. rimaleWaaknessi'L t ;, maqJiTHer CeIRewarded.f .' teenth annual 'reunion, of the FlorIda 'October,16.,1906"J: ; U''ea11 and'following Mr.' Carmichael seconded. Mr. .- r '' division,' United Confederate :Yet merbers presents: 'T. J. Owen, Ford :referred the' amendment to the ; >C; [Petersburg, Oct ':!&,-After In- erans;, have ben. "sued 'by. Major E Kr Nelson, J. 'D. Robertson, C.-X motion "That consideration of the " r mtigattog ,;In: the/ killing of ,.Mile.Semonova General F. P. Fleming through Adjt. Sage and' B., ''A.- Weathers,, five; A. matter be' postponed till 'next regular st Fall, writes Mrs S. G. Bailey, of Tun- , ;!the young.medical .student General R. J. Magjll. Ms,chief-of-staff Go:Gates,1, J.<'E. ,C1 ace< '0. A; Carmichael meeting," which was seconded anon d nelton, 'N. Va., "I was going down by inches F>S e confined in' the Central Detention'Prison Especial attention is called to the' and .H. A. Ford came in after roll call carried. Votes cast as , 'of St. 'Petersburg, whov :was: fact .that. the transportations compan- roll.. calL follows: for amendment, Gates, Owen i '. ot' killed by a. sentinel on the lea have granted the.lo- rate of one j "Minutes of October 2, 1906, adopted Ford, Nelson,Sage and Weathers taking I I ;c 10th' of .September when she showed cent'per mile plus twenty-fire cents, as read. against amendment Carmichael an iyr herself,at window of her cell 'over-:- for the round trip, mileage,computed I ;Mr. B. A. Weathers stated Robertson. am not well yet, but am so much better that 1 will . .lacking'the ; the,commanderof on the actual distance traveled. Full 1 that. of the Upon motion 'of Mr. Carmichael, Mr. Ludwig, Petersburg keep on taking Wine of Cardui till I _ the'fit garrison, in anorder details regarding 'time limit of tickets Harrisburg Foundry and Machine seconded by Mr. Sage, meeting there- am perfectly .t' ; of, he/day, .hasT thanked the ,, et eoldier who killed the girl and has .' C. SISTRUNK, City .clerk. f \ ticket agents. make" final ;:test of- the/; machinery. at : ; ,; Siren him reward: of $5. The _official Borders which'! are hereWith electric light frlanV Despite the envious attacks of jealous enemies _' |addition. ._the soldier who:belongs printed in full, ,give, ,other data {Mr. Ludwig thereupon addressedthe Peggy Stewart Day. to' the Seminovsky regiment. is upheld of interest, regarding the; reunion. council" and -stated that he was Special to the Ocala Banner: and rivals, Cardui i still holds supreme position i in' the order of the day as an which is held" this year at Gainesville : ? .his 'report Annapolis, Md., Oct. 18.-Peggy: l :; not, yet ready f0 make in the ' _ example' to his comrades pf the faithful and .will be read with Interest by every but would meet, with council at early Stewart Day commemorates the burning today [as past 70 years] for the relief and i;{ performance of duty. Confederate 'veteran in Florida date with sam .: in the harbor'were on October 19, cure of female diseases. It - ",The police at Warsaw today discov The orders are as follows; Communication from.L.. R. Chazal i<74, just before the outbreak of the. stops pain, tones up < ered' the" headquarters of an elaborately Headquarters Florida Division, asking ounell"''to consider request of evolutionary war, of the brig Peggy the organs, regulates organized ,band of Terroritists United Confederate Veterans., Jacksohvme Stewart which had brought int- *"a lID AJ\'VICE , W. WDowell-pay master of the At- and.captured members'ofl ; I ton of the plant, so detested the functions and aids Writ* u a tour ' 10 ,forty-nine ;Fla., October 15,' 1906: lanatic Coast Line railroad whereinwas port a teat : ov .. = the.band,. who are, charged, .with paving i "General Orders No.. .7. requested that council reconsider at. that time by'every colonist i in the Fret Advice ir onf,la DUIa- sca>4 tavdopt.rry I - committed many murders and commandingtakes The vessel was named after the replacement ofa A4ftw Udiw'Advisory Deptrtntat "The ma.jor'general their action'in't! matter of the An- TU QuitiDOCfi Mtdltiat(X Qutuaooz ': handsome of its Y robberies.. pleasure in announcing that the train. laying at passenger, depot Mr. daughter owner merchantReferring misplaced organ. >.T ea. ' thony Stewart, Scotch sixteenth annual 'encampment of the Ford moved, that the passenger .car A Splendid. Card of Thanks From Florida division United Confederate be allowed north to the action taken by the ' LL to, stand between At\ 'Every Drug Store in $1.00 Bottles.WINECARDUl when the vessel arrive with i Hon. W. patriots H. Long. Veterans, will be held .at Gainesvilleon and south streets and no other, which i: : ; Martel, Fla, Oct: 19, 1906'ro Tuesday and Wednesday, the 13th motion prevailed and clerk was instructed its obnoxious cargo, the Baltimore the Editor Ocala Banner: and iuof November, 1906. to inform Mr. F, H. Huber Patriot of January 29, 1813 says: In: behalf' of the board of county "Besides all Confederate Veterans, of the action of the council .in ?the "When the party first entered the , commissioners of Marion county, the Sons of Confederate Veterans matter' city and was p4ssingon they met t : kindly allow me _space to return (who! have the privilege the floor) Communication from Marion Hard- Stewart, who was bold ,in opposition.But . thanks' to the board of trade of Ocala and the Daughters' the Confederacy reduction' his threats only served to increase . ware company requesting a and to all persons aiding them, for invited to attend. Our their determination.They . cordially are. in,the valuation of the personal property .. _ the' bountiful dinner, furnished, ,the host of Stonewall Camp. No. 1,438., U. was read and on motion referredto erected a gallows just before his ,' - Large .concourse of, people' assembledIn c.. V., ''and, citizens Gainesville, finance committee. house, bu ,way 'of intimidation, then W. A. KNIGHT. L E. LANG. < Ocala' at the laying of the cornerstone whose public spirit and hospitality The following bills which were' gave him his choice, either to swingby . : of our' new 'court house; for are known throughout the state are properly approved, were ordered the haltar or go with them on entertaining our distinguished guests making preparation to insure board and put fire to his own vesseL ANNOUNCEMENT. every I paid: Regular pay roll of officers, during their stay, and other courte- the success and enjoyment of theoccasion $255.34; semi-monthly pay roll of He chose the, latter' and in a few lies; to Messrs. Rawls, & 'Co., for car It is earnestly hoped that electric light $167.50 minutes the whole cargo, with ship's department, ; tiageV: buggies and automobiles free there, will be a large and enthusiastic bill' of ,McIver & MacKay, $402.00; tacle and apparel was in flames. This We have just purchased the Wa gon and Harness, business of Messrs.S. . _ to such visitors;' to the Ocala Rifles attendance. act decided the course Maryland had A. Standley & Company, and propose to add to the stock pf goods everything of Dearborn cash H. M. petty accounj: , for leading the procession with thee The Camp Delegates. to pursue and had an extensive influence that Is needful to make it aCOMPLETB LINE-tn every sense of $21.02& ; Crew, iLevick & Co., $12.50; ' _ : steady step and 'military precision. ofthejfgraduater'pf "2.Each,, camp is entitled to f one Marion Hardware company, $5.70; upon public opinion.. the :word.'' We are agents for several of the best Farm Wagons on the mar'ket West\,[Point;_to. the delegate .for' every: twenty members Western Electric Company, $444.86: McMahon in his history of Maryland ; 'also several makes of Buggies. Besides these we handle a great variety -' of band forf the plendid..music furnished in good standing, and one additionalfor R..E. Yonge & Co, $70.80;' Crosby says: "The tea burning in Bos- vehicles either of which we stand. ready to fully guarantee. ;: during the day and night, and to all ton has acquired renown As an act -: a fraction of ten members, provided Lumber company, $70.80; H. L. ,An- High Grade f others who assisted in. making the always that every camp in derson, 10.15; J. K. Austin, $10.15; of unexemplified daring at that day ; Buggies, Serviceable 'Carriages, occasion a success_ ; to the ladies for good standing is entitled to at least B.; A. Weathers- .$11.30:; H. B. Masters i. the' defense 'of liberty But the Unexcelled Wagons, Harness, their presence; the Messrs Sol. Benjamin two delegates. The commanders of $20.40;' Charles Peyser, $1045; tea: burning at Annapolis, which' occurred Lap Robes, Etc., Etc. ' and Louis For for their: trip Camps have,.power ,to apopint delegates B:r-iJ. Potter, loi5..: in the ensuing fall, far surpasses - from Atlanta Ga.. to aid us by their when their camps fail to elect :.Upon motion 'of Mr..Robertson, 'seconded : it in the apparent deliberation ,.presence; to thehotels and railroads same.. 'As soon as delegates are selected by Mr. Ford" and carried, bills :and utter: carlessness' of concealment Turpentine, Wagons a Specialty.We . for reduced rates; to the people gen- the adjutants of camps will at for;city lightning for $385.40 were ordered :attending the bold measure which led . iraily,'.who as'a whole, by their moral once report their 'names and those of paid. l o its accomplishmnet The Insistence are Always In Position to Meet,the Prices of Legitimate Competition , ? deportment and close attention to all alternates to the adjutant general at ..,. : In its manifestation of public , the exercises of the,day,.which,point- these headquarters. Street committee were equested ,feeling, is of a character with those 'We are Sole Agents for the celebrated White Hsckory Turpentine -':' ; ed upward and onward; ot' the super "3,, All camps which may be in 11"- to-.bring: up the ordinance referred to :which occurred in other parts of and Farm _, j intendent of the construction of the rears are urged to promptly remit them, requiring'certain.. property owners the province, and they evince the Wagon.Knight . court house for waving ezeucted every their dues of five cents per capita to ; to pave' sidewalks between'property "J- prevalence throughout it of the most detail requested of'him In erecting, a and, streets.. determined and restless opposition / the adjutant general so that their I stand arranging the* grounds, etc., delegates may be- entitled to partici- ',Mr. Charles Rheinauer, made'.report 1 to the measures of ,the British government & Lang a etc* to the Grand Master and ,Grand pate in the, convention for board of health and read communication j , ' _ r Lodge of Florida for laying 'the cor- "4.. AU members of the division from Leredle and Provost' (Successors StandJev and Co. jier stone, and to the editors of ,the staff are requested to attend and if vost concerning' sewerage system' of. It is Well to Be Fair. :Banner and Star for the use of their in uniform. the, city. The Monticello News wants its -. possible ,appear ., [ . _ .. papers'a* an(adyert1slng'medium 'and ""5.\\AIl- "committees/, 'brigadecommanders Upon motion, of Mr Ford, seconded readers to' "remember that no lands .. '- ., ,, , ., 'tte: prompt{ publication of :the_exer- -,are requested to make_ >y'Mr..Carmichael; report of board of will be taxed upon the proposed -- --" - _ } es" the, day in' full,. for 'editorial their reports to the encampment health was referred to finance committee drainage amendment ,except those DIRECTORS: npP rt' ,from start to finish, and to Low Railway: 1Jate. and communication 'referred. to situated in the drainage district"But the' St "for ''\eood'cutsTand biographies "6. Transportation companies have sanitary .committeefpr. 'repo&f.MrriVeathers '... ..' the board fixes and drainage district R. S. Hall George MacKay J. K. Christian : of runny: of oour distinguished' made a: low rate of one"cent per mile called attention of it may choose.-Lake City In- H. A. Ford Z. C. Chambliss g dtlz ni., plus .twenty-five cents for the round the council to tne much needed repairs dex, T. T. Munroe J, B. Brooks Individually; I, wish personally to trip for the encampment.. of the streets and sidwalks No. The drainage board Is re- extend nir regrets ,to, that* queenly "7, The, press t of the state, whose leading to the public school building stricted from doing this by the wording . x lady, Mr .-'Fa myR.' .' Gary, the honored good offices in the :;past are greatly and moved that matter be referredto of the amendment itself.. The In addition to its excellent facillities. this Bank = \ president of 'the Daughters:of:the ,appreciated, are requested, to give street committee with Instructionsto amendment says that the drainage L r1: -Confederacyj';' of Ocala; for' the overlight I publicity to these orders and the approaching hav same put in 'good condition, commisisoners are empowered to establish has the advaetage of a competent, capable and good , ; of not escorting her to--the cor- encampment in the induce- seconded by Mr. Gates and carried. a system of canals, drains, t, r ,jwr stone to deposit with her own ment of a' large attendance._ Mr. Weathers offered resolution levees, dykes and resovoirs of such Board of Directors and a strong body of Stockholders.. lands the 'highly'appreciated deposit "By Order FRANCIS P. FLEMING "that beginning with October,:; city dimensions, and depth as in the judg- ; prepared-' with much. care. and' neat. 'Major General Commanding. make no further charge against' ment of said board' is deemed advisable j " *ess, and to any and all others who "Robert J. MAGILL, Colonel, Ocala Rifles for lights which they for what purpose?. To drain '-.ai have been overlooked by me as "Adjutant General and ,Cblef- f. might, reasonable need in their organization and ,reclaim the "swamp and overflowed THE CENTRAL NATIONAL BANK ' !f. master ceremonies-,,: .", staff." seconded .by Mr. Ford. lands" within the state of , 'a 'The only; ,excuse I have to offer is, and carried. Florida, or 'such parts or portion OF OCALA thatf'f rom the, time ascended the The'matter of revising the'registra- thereof as is deemed best by said , stand::to; the' laying of the cornerstone Bryan,. the .Man. lon ';.books for the city was taken up board of 'drainage commissioners.And .- "- -. ,. ... , ;;' I was. suffering from what else? To list - physical and stricken prepare a We .of the south,: may not believe following names ; painn-that.iequired T''the.nerye to do"or n-all.of Mr.' Bryan's theories, but we (;See Advertisement in another col or lists of all the alluvial or swamp - _ die rather, than abandon' the'. post:.of believe in the mac' himself, through umn.) and overflowed taxable lands within duty.t : and through. And the more, we see Upon motion of Mr RobertSon, duly such drainage district or districts. H, W. LONG, of some other men the better we like carried, 'the' Ocala, Banner was. des- Lands that were not secured from 1 Bryan.=Tampa Times. gnated i 'as the newspaper: which' the United States government as New I The Furniture ;Despairing Woman's Wa'il.In Just In . ' '* to publish the names stricken from "swamp and overflowed lands" will _ MIss,Magie's effort to better her- not come under the jurisdiction of self she has taken ,But for Bryan, they man, we have registration list. j a somewhat peculiar the highest regard. He is a chris- Mr. Weathers moved that November the drainage commissioners and can- wayto accomplish her wishes 20 1906 be fixed not be placed tn the drainage district as the date but she, has only voiced what hundreds Amerscan " type. He is a courageous man. to hear persons having complaints If the board of drainage com- t.- '' what plenty of 'women think and has done He is spotless in character. He has why their names should not be'strick- missioners should attempt to do this We are nowpreparedto'make MOSS ,MATTRESSESthe of them would do if they : tn motion seconded and carried any tax .payer could go to 'the courts convictions. He stands by what be ; , ; tad. the courage.' .believes to be right. He is' a great Mr. Robertson 'moved that chairmanof and obtain an injunction preventingthe -\hatWi11IBst, ;also, to clean, and renovateold _ __ 3 The writer has been a slave'to'clr- drainage board from doing'so". , hearted man. He takes in 'the whole' electric light, plant be instructedto ,- c eumstances for years: With a fine enes. We and J / sell We need have no apprehension that buy ' education people. He has no 'use for shame. get bids for wood to be used by .:.R and _ ,0 a healthy set of brains ; the entire state of Florida will be'a : } with the, perseverance and energy 'inherited He loathes a hypocrite. He-fights an the plant and report at next regular front:New enemy of roe people. He Is. a born meeting. Motion seconded and car drainage district whatever may be 4 | England ancestors Second-Hand I Ii the desire of the Furniture draianage board of j and a good, business 'capacity, I leader. He wins the good man and :ried.Dr. , commissioners.Glad. '' ; find myself unable to make a corn the; bad man alike. He ,may have:one ., Chace asked to be excused, extreme characteristic but he has :granted. iortable living. and'alone _ Widowed He's Back., and F Jn the world,.'with' nothing but my ninety-nine' conservative' qualities to Mr. H. A. Ford made report The good news that Hon Geo. W can save you money on this class of go cds. A. _'" offset that one, and even the extreme :that he had not finished with exami ' t own 'efforts to . depend . upon, and Wilson, editor-in-chief of the Times- deal r i (wbAt seems to be a crime in the characteristic is likely"to be tempered nation of officers' reports, but had Union, has been restored to his nor- great of stock now on hand is as good as new, business world and controlid by a nobility of character : :finished that of city attorney and .: wrong ) the on side mal health, will be received with and the : ".ef forty, I am working now at a salary rarely exhibited in. any: man.-or- :moved that account of city attorneyfor much rejoicing and great satisfactionin prices are so low that it will surprise you to :'. lando Star-Reporter. : $6.51 be paid. So ordered. 'that barely pays for my hall all parts of this state. Mr. Wilson learn them. J i _ room and the plainest kind of food Report of city attorney with reference has been undergoing treatment inNew Five ns.a callPittman - t? and ,I'm not all sure how long I'll The Drainage Debate. to bond of superintendent of York for the past six months hold even' that. electric light plant was read. for nervous break,,down and he & I don't want, Jewels or silken raiment The 'limes-Union of. Friday gave Mr. Weathers moved that the bond comes back to Florida ready and , F but I do want a home. Like an excellent and extended account of Mr. Dearborn be fixed at $1,000 in strong to again take up his arduous & Soa = Miss Magie, I'm tired of being cold of the drainage debate between Governor a surety company and that city pay : duties as the, master mind of .thestate's , r and half ,fed,and working way beyond Broward and Hon. John S. the premium on the bond: secondedby great'newspaper. All Mr. Wilt ;, any-strength and being scared,almost Bard, of Pensacola which occurred > Mr. Robertson, and upon roll call son's brother editors and his legionof to death about what would '''happen In Jacksonville the night before.. he following .vote was cast: Against :. friends will ,join, in expressions of ; ; Rev.. Sam P. Jones in his autobio >r '. if I were to fall ill or had no work, motion Gates Owen, Carmichael, good will and in the hope that he :f/ .and graphy accuses the newspapers of Ford and Sage for motion Nelson :. \11. any good man, elderly or- middle ; ,' may be spared many, many years for , .' H. aged.'who' has means ..to"provide a saying many brutal things.about him, Robertson an J. Weathers. lotion active service on behalf of S. H. BUTCH, Mgr ROBINSON Pre*. , things he said that people, J. C. , ::4 comfortable home 'would find in me a were wholly lost. state and county-St Augustine Rec- ,.. GEO. J. BUTCH BOOZER At Mgr ' '..t j1', ,careful.,.economical wife. To. a husr and .unwarrantly untrue but he'said in I Judiciary committee referred ordi- ord. T.ller. ....".'.. mess man ,I could be a great help, their reports: of his 'sermons, lectures nance providing for the renaming of . ; r as I. uaderstand. typewriting and and 'utterances generally, they were the streets and avenues of city 'backto Florida's- 'Contribution. ".:f"r;. business 'cor pondence. uniformly fair and, generous and he council withOut recommendation. .Several ,shipments of The Strong Hold the '": e%- ,"No. No. one can blame Miss Mage pralsed' them highly for so-doing and Mr. Sage moved ordinance be referred have been ,'made from DeLand grapefruit f. one', bit for "speakra this fair treatment, in their reporterials. to next meeting; seconded by the right out ? past, week. The:fruit is not.yet f in mfifetiri. ProbablyShe' columns led him to overlook and Mr; Carmichael and carried very / fcasj! become well, 'colore'dtbut is juicy ( : and"'weU desperate and, like the writer condone their, editorial utterances. An .ordinance authorizing'' the velopeds, inside.. Grapefruit and", COMMERCIAL BANK W ft this, article Is.actually frightenedat When a newspaper reports fairly.without' Southern Bell ''Teleph ne;' and Telegraph have been shipped-from, oranges the prospects of.approaching win prejudice ,QT bias what a company,to,build and maintain Fort Myers i and the it i' ; '.4 ter.. Working ''one's: way In'a big speaker says' it, oughtnot- to be sub, and operate' a telephone, system in the past 'month.Arcadia .sectIons for OCALA FL0. The''' fruit , i' : >cKyi?s6 hard It .Is no wonder so :feet to'criticism.. The editorial 'uterances Ocau was reported on by judiciary section is better ,in that , :k', 'any, women go to the bad and the are:its own and it has 'a committee that said committee were here, but not colored than It, is ._: R .yea:to inlcide's'grav.Mrs right to them., If ther ader.wants unable/to" so :well developed. Has _ a ; M. S.d1a' concur ordinance in the DeLand'News., Upon: pubnceonfidence Evfe: : know is ! y New York .World.. exactly 'what the'one under present:form and referred same back . ,- -- ._ criticism said he,has only to' 'j' ". : -- - j > 'J turn .to to the'general body Upon motion < , . Il.J8_ ,. the reportorial columns and find it., The duly'carried said ordinance was laid The'dralnage'of the' Everiades'iad. dencedby: /large; : and: Increasii>||: ' r the : , Ur/Jamei extension J.HIH of : ', ; Bays thst'the fu- reporter, ought always to be impartial I on the table' till neottt,meeting the East Coast rail ," ", .'.' . : . tan-' t.'our. country IIeR''in' the ::We are1 glad tbaV/the;/ >state pat Report of street way ,XeY'.Westaretwo"m..mtn th "- 'Bus'.F: ;. -.- :.;'_'" f }J committee on mat ; "'0 laadL.fof theTfaraer., < : p* s. of"Florida; are ; enterprises ;that pill 'm H ... ,, - er&111)o .ke . : .fair. : erial:for. building; and, maintaining world4amoua. .Florida : -' --..', ',..."...:',.' -:-,. : _ ., ' - ; W :. i> __ : . e .. .. .. :, ,. .,. .. .;:#$ 1:, o r "')!<'ir ,, ,.- >1'2.. ., .'- \; f' '" ,; '_. ..... ."," ,,,',",...'i.jo.Y":"" ,OI:>' '.' .' .:; :! .. _,.>>.l ,. <'- ;" .;; 'I-- 11. .:; "-e' Jff? <- ", ;_;. :tr - < , , o<- "" < ': ''' ..." :;'" ;g R if'U ':_:'' 'IL .,!?.' =. .'','.jJc'. .J{ jf ,' "i. .. ;; $E34 ,,, ;> ;. 'V, '_-'-,:_. .:.,::\,1 '.t'-' ",>,:, ,""''':.,:-,:.:...',':>>:. -'.:,''->_3-'<;_' :' ;' :' "--'f"-.....---.t ,' .:;;'-'.",. ;:,:-..."-. '''':,;;,.<''; :-' '$.','-{_:"' ::: ,.;,""-'"-' ."::r:0' :;;_\ .,'. .'...,. :'._... .', "' ":,,,""- c".._. i-; f:'--; :':.:?_ ":,---, l sAgi ,. ,: : : ; .; ,:,. =' 'l',_. .' : .> <"".: ,--"'<_:.,? ., ,: :'.".-. ,.._ ,,..;;",,_-,- ., ,. ". ', .:.:; .,. ., ,'',. ,, ,'::., :,..' :._,. ..._.,', _, :. 8 = ti .. .:' '. . -, ''':" ;'':"" :.'''' '' ,, :. :. ''"- ., '' '" :'';' ".'< ..., ',, '. ''. k" ''.,'' '. ,' :',' ,_. :,_:;. -.';'"';:-',;,'..r;,_ ",: !,-'-,,'- ''"','o"''"""::- c '..,' _":.-:",:,";_,,,,",-_:,-': : .,, ',<2--" :' '_' '.'.'- :, c- -, : _ .. : < :: ; "" < < : : : , : : : / ? ,, ..:. ... : : : : : ,:: : > ;; : ,, . :: .: : ,, "" .. _. r'''' .'' ,: ..J.'f '<; ,.tp : "" :' .. T ; _. r ; _ fF/ ::, ?;: : .i .r.; '">r.f:"" -- ;:.tr :'-;;...;.-." ---'tl".";e :r't.=:.e., ".,". ,"'"..i'> "' .E .!-- .,.. -" .., : l' r' . ;-_.,<; f .r-f"B'S,. r '"- '; .-' . ;. .J.!' ..- ;y: J. : :4 . '' '$ . .f.Ii"f !); y ; .:';>- .. ,, .. ..... ' l- .; +... l' ";'-, ;;"t '. -'i! "' '''j,. ,.''''''''''' ,_ "a.-- -c--" '" -" *, ..j. r ," 'L, '- -.-, .' ; .: ' , - WI. . : ; " 1 . . -'-- "i.Si ". : .... -,' .. ,, __,.. ,, ... - : r: -H-- *' $ ; T -i ; -S i 4I > .r v-'. > : '< -.fr 1 I '" T :' : '1 - .t &1 ;lsJo: ; .;1 "NEW :VERSION THEM.A OF NATIONN-. ] NOTICE- ...It _.. "iEiu .* _" : ".- In the Circuit Court of the Fifth Judicial - '1 : ,t: Ti1 ,1iNT jio 'c' Y : new version of the national anthem Circuit of honda In and ; ooen :' fo- Marion County-In Chan-' -- -- -- "America, has published ....._ .... .. cery. ' . .... " n, In its o 1giJal.form. the 'hymn "ys ____.. .' ?' ? th. .jbrief' .startling message of locaL in its illusions to New 'England.The Andross Williams-, Complainant. vs. The GreatSale thejnoraiag;wires b :verifted by later new form of the antnem makesit Esther Williams, Defendant.- dispatches, 'Sam,.Jones, of Georgia, "All American1 Being applicableto Order for Constructive Service. . ; ,:themost'famous evangelist of modern all sections of:.theUnion.Following It Is ,ordered that the' defendant ,;-f"" ', _': : '.'" ', . __ t . , .times,-.:has'beea' gathered swiftly and are the new 'as well as herein named to-wit; Esther WII- AT A. L. WEBB'S S _ suddealy.; to rewar dead rest. U'it the original stanzas of the 'anthem: Uams, be and she is hereby required, ... j Li: _____ : i ;beitrue-.-aad! there are, few 'possibili. to appear to the bill of complaint,In ( ',,::1;'4- ;SinVjpaea otm1stake-the would hare end had has It come come as, My Sweet country land of'tis liberty of thee, this Monday is cause further the on or 5th ordered before day of that Nov.a copy'i:'w5.It .of The Fair ,Continued for _10 Days. : : ' : : -s .ia.tthe fulljaush of-a glorious and OftheeIsingLand this order be published once a week I i 'E'EI '" militant life on the march In 'full where our fathers died; for eight consecutive weeks in the _ ."harness,'with eyes bright, with record Land of the Pilgrim's aide; Ocala Banner, a newspaper published ' 7/1[' .cie! ,. with. ,conscience: clean with From every mountain side In said county and state. : the; echoes of applause and, laughter, Let freedom ring. This 4th day of September, 1906. YOU LAST CHANCE :,; . : .the}.tears,yet ringing in his ears, the (seal) S. T. SISTRUNK, ' Clerk Circuit Court Marion *.- -* 'daaatless-' evangel, the vital reformer, :My native country, thee, CountyFla. _' -- U 4"" :' '1' : the.; mllltaa preacher, the eloquent Land of the noble free, By George Leitner D. C. . . L orator' the unequalled' humorist, with- Thy name I love; Edwin Spencer, 9.7 We thank the people of Ocala and surrounding 1 ; 'out. suffering, without waiting and I love thy.rocks-and rills; Complainant's Solicitor. I country , - 4: without' anxiety answers the instant .Thy "woods: and templed hills; I for their . 'j.,;',.:rott ,call and Is dismissed. 'from present My heart. with rapture thrills, Administrator's Notice of Final Dis. very'generous patronage during our ten-day clearance - _ ':""::1,; ', ; .rvice' and promoted to a: high. Like that above. charge; I sale. Our trade has greatly exceeded our ' expectations. '. ,er'and nobler sphere. A brave 'man Notice is l.weby given that on the : _;=..,.f.: physically!' : Sam Jones, was a brave I love thy inland seas, 6th day of November.. A. D.. 1906. th3 We have sold ,a. great goods than anticipated ' \i. man morally. and spiritually 'without Thy sweet magnolia :trees, undersigned! administrator of the es many more we : ,. rear The problem of death had faced Thy palms and pines; stae oj John W. Randall deceased. will We still ' have 'i' I To reducE t presept to the Hon. Joseph Bell County too/many goods. our him wild and . l .as an Imminent issue more. than Thy canyons deep Judge of Marion cour.ty, Florida, ; . :f.Y",,' once during the. years of feeble Thy prairies boundless sweep; hIS final aeounts and make final settle- stock still 'further we have .decided' to extend ' .\ health about him, and we may be Thy ,rocky mountains steep, tie men t and apply for his final ,discharge our Clearing ::7 '- iJ ,sure. there were no crowded tremors The match-ess mines., estate. as administrator P. T. RANDALL.the' said. Out Sale : : ,oJand fe .'no. shrinking back when the Administrator of Estate of John W. a V ! : :, death angel, 'swooped with his sudden I love thy silvery strands, Randall, Deceased. a tS ' :: summons to ,the great tribunal where Thy Golden Gate that stands, Ocala, Fla.. May 3, 1906.. 5-4-6m Ten Days Longer' : '. :-4 mea, ,must give account. And the Afront tie west NOTICE. T ; M great evangel. had small need to fear Thy sweet and crystal air;" ---.. , .. 2:% the' : verdict of the Supreme Justice Thy sunshine everywhere' ; :a-trie Circuit Court in and For MarIon : Until Monday, November; 15. > . . ':'1 who presided there. His was a faithful Oh land beyond compare. County, Florida. , " in: Re Estate of A. C. Johnson. I' :'+\'t.:'i "' and fearless life.. He had. been I love5thee best. Notice is hereby given that on the . - .c:;. Irne' since the plighting of. his faith 5th day of December, A. D. 1906, AND TO KEEP UP THE INTEREST WE HAVE MADE A -' i to Christ To strike and spare not Then music swell the breeze, he: undersigned administrator of the state of A.. C. Johnson deceased, will ? : :;J;; was the motto with which he faced And, ring from all the trees. , resent final return 'accounts and . my i ; :the. sinner To help and rescue was Sweet' freedom's' song; rouchers. and apply for final discharge I I :1 ';0.;, thesecond motto which redeemed theiJ Let mortal tongues 'awake; is administrator of said estate. DeeperCuton a6reaManyG'oods Let all that breathe partake; F. 3!. TOWNSEND, ; : airless first:: He was a swift to succor Administrator! of the Estate of A. C, y.. ;" as he .was to smite. He was as Let rocks their .silence break; Johnson deceased 6 1 6mWartln . o or tender in healing as he was terrible The sound prolong. ; May 2th.906.. ' ; ::: : ,. in. arousement. And the terror of \ This mans a great saving to you, and the many hundreds who supplied their ", ,. ; ,'. many..an' awakened' sinner had been Our Fathers' G d.to.,Th.ee.v ;I, NOTICEI J needs c.uring the first great.rush will justified in driving many miles to take : - .; : jftened ia the tenderness of a pen!- Author of LlDert,, advantage this grand opportunity to buy .- : : Sale-My farm of 80 acres; 30acrea sng' . P Thee To we ; t's forgiven tears. And ..through&rror : is. timber 50 clear. good : : ; acres j Wt and through conscience,, Long may our Ian:! be bright I All frt class farm and garden land; 'through tend rness and tears, he had With freedom's J1b Y.Jight.; :all inder fence: fine spring; good :. GOOD DEPENDABLE MERCHANDISE ' 4 fought the Master's fight hehad; gatti- ,' Protect 'U S. by' Thy :mistt;" |- i buildings; ,one. fourth ..mile from the I : ,', " ;5 : : gathered the Master's people, and Great God: our. KIng G.(: & (!. railroad which will soon be . :; :;\' .roused and Comforted, and'wounded I completed and have a depot on or opposite at the bare cost to manufacturers, We .are sure this presents: to'y u an opportunity : : , : :' and' healed, and in the crowds that Tom Watson's New Publication.We I' place. Will sell cheap .for,cash. of lifetime. If there is a in driving distance who has failed'to t1' .. X '.y'r' c person - to indulge the prediction For particulars apply'to B. S. Quar- { pleased followed him, and in the multitudes are. . which heard him'as they ,heard his I i that the next literary 'venture terman, box 37,, Fairfield,. Fla- 1.NOTICE' t \ tend this sale' it is their duty tp'themselves to investigafe. Look what. ewe have ., . ,, Master, gladly he had justified the! of Hon. Tom E. Watsda will be more done to the stock and . :z :if' _, commlssloa which had been. given L successful than the last. ' .- .-hiR" him,.to preach a real\ gospel to a dyIng Mr Watson has definitely made up I 1907 Occupational-Licenses are Due I Prices Will Do the Rest - . his mind .to'publish a monthly magazine - ; : world. If Iii the darkness, and l October 1, 1906. 1 'loneliness' of night upon the rushing I, either' in Atlanta' or in Nash- Remember to pr cure' your new license 4 - ... jrall, the brave, bright soul of the! ville., It will be called Watson's for: the.new license year without I I. H'; , ifreaavgelist went out to meet. its Mak. Monthly Jeffersonian The only doubt d&ay' as there Is a heavy penalty ' "'. ; 'aloae be sure 'that thetersvand"ihe as to the location, depends upon the for doing business without license " erall we may 't; tenderness the love' and 1 l terms which can be? secured from and when one tax is collectors required.The will. issue the, license. A. L. Webb = The Fair ; _ ; the laughter, 'the ,fear and 'the faith, the publishing: houses'cf Atlanta t , , _ & thitjiope; ; and the heartfulness of thE!I t equal of Nashville.Mr. Watson Other will things certainly being decide JOSEPH. BELL. S VEST SIDE OF SQUARE., . l thousands .who had followed -hin I. County Judge. 'through lifer were .crowded by th< .in favor of tlanf'a. The magazine E. L. Carney,, Tax. Collector.. 9-2&5t :i;-:4 ->well done" 'of'.the Elder Brother whc) will be his ,personal property.to NOTICE.. .. S. .. IS $S ", -&.theld' 'his hand as' they walked, througitiie' }1 There will be no corporations' him :<.'."iff".q .'-.- ,- -. .' -' ..:" .' - last, shadows to the light an(1 control to 'hamper; or'to destroy : .. , .. n the CircuitCourt of the Fifth Judicial : .. individu- \ He will own the magazine I I ';;:: \\beafty of the Father's. Throne! responsible forall Circuit of Florida, In and RTICLES OF INCORPORATIONAND Ii i by the corpQrators at the amount .!To the, 'Teachers of!> Marion County ' . :',::E1- laata,, Georgiaa.m ally and be personally for Marion. County-In Chan PROPOSED CHARTEROF of 'the said capital stock.IV. There will be a teachers meeting ,. . _ oblfgations.-Georgia. . *: of its ' ' cery. held in' Ocala in the armory building , q- You are VThe Ot."I Fellow-i '.'.'.-., -. ' World's"N. jENTRALi, AMERICAN NAVAL ... The,"term"'forl'which.this corporation on Saturday, October 20, commenCe . : StrougmJndedSelfrespectiag Stubborn' At. the first session of the A. P. Stuckey, Complainant vs. F. STORES COMPANY. shall exist. Is fifty years. lug at 10 o'clock. I ,. ", Vain C. T, U. meeting in Boston Sat- !H. Townsend, G. D. Townsead. T, A.athews. V. ::; At this meeting the benefits :oVa ' ;;"t'-- :.Generous Extravagant, irday, a resolution yas adopted : sk., t. Albert S. Johnson, May The' derslgn d' intending and proposing The business of the company shall librarY for every School in tna county . . : Hair-splitting ng' President Roosevelt and Secre- J rohnson, Sam L,John.son,Oliver Fort. i .to prganizera corporation un- '>'e conducted by the following officers ; will be discussed. -,.. ' ,Honest, Foppish any Root to renew the suggestion I I Ldzie: Johnson, Flower Johnson, Lena ier the ,general laws of the state of to-wit: .a President, a Vice-President, A plan for securing bookcases and - ; ;: :} Tasitefully: dressed. and the Florida relating to the organization and Secretary and Treasurer, which books 'and tfcaf selectipa of books will. ; : nce made by the president I 3. Dickson, Eupheme Fort, K: ; : Courteous ., Servile f and the' Acts, of the . 1 : Q corporations last named ofifce may be, combined' be submitted Britain ', 4.,:?Manly Brusque late Secretary Hay, that.Great 1 i. Norris. .John A.. Dickson John [gislaturlt:ot: the State of Florida > ' and held by one person, and said officers We will alsij itady and discuss the , ,. md the United States join ,in presenting I Ira Bowen imeadatory thereof, 'hereby make and . ' : Sympathetic' Inquisitive Bowea. Barney. McElreath shall be elected at the annual m thtds of keeping school registers ,. ' .t Ambitious Cbvetpus, the other' nations a treaty forbid- : Dora L 'McElreath.mid D.Knox, I publish the following, articles of: Ia. meeting of the c corporation to be heldon report cards, books, etc bther important ; ; Prudent Selfish (ling the sale of opium or intoxicating Dora Knox Henry J, Power, Lula orporation and. proposed charter: the fourth Tuesday in Dejtem tY of matters will be discussed. T . '. Frank, v.- Rude I: loquors to uncivilized nation's. ]Power Ruth Power, James L. Mc I. each year from and after tI date and tape 'every teacher In the county will '.. . ., Eliminate The name of the corporation shall the officers who at.$ w'conduct the be present. If you are living too far 8 Refine From the Plague. 1 Mullen! Marie McMullen., I evi !Blact . : Fanatical Danger be, business of the, corporation ,until to come In on Saturday morning, fOil - :' Enthusiastic There's great danger from the 1!an. George W. Means, Caleb J. CENTRAL' AMERICAN NAVAL those electei ,t the first annual will be allowed Friday afternoon to ' j< ,Eloquent Long-wlnded plague of coughs' and colds that are Hauliaht! R. C. Smith and John V. STORES COMPANY, fl election shall be qualified, shall be come or' to make arrangements to - j.,Witty Frivolous: sa prevalent, unless you take Dr. ]Martsoa. and the principal place .of business as follows; a. L. Aud non, Presi. come. It Is Important that every .-.: ' 'i : Particular, Fussy King's New Discovery for consumption shall be in. the city of. Ocala, Marion 1ent.JDb. : s. Birdsoy, Vice-'Presldtnt, white teacher come. ' .:":, Well-read Pedantic coughs and colds. Mrs. George Order for Constructive' Service.It county, Florida with offices In the nd. ire }t. Hampton, Secretary and All supervision!, trustees and patrons . -,' -From Life. Wallis. of Forest City, Me., writes; is ordered that the defendants city of New York, ia the State" oJ are cordially Invited to attend. - , "It's a God send to.people II .Ing In 1 herein named, to-wlt:, T. A. Mathews, New York, and at Caratascaia Lv'JO 1 I l Treasurer. Respectfully, ' -. '";'"' A Florida- Address on Penology. climates where coughs ends and colds them.prevail It- ]E. A. Norris. John A. Dickson I John I the Republic of.fi..,lI? dF': i I The_ .highest. amount VI.,.._ '01. inaeoiea, o. .t. ''' W.' D. CARN, ' fe.- One of the most notable contribu- I find pneumonia it quickly cures la grippe. ]Bowen Ira Bowen Barney McElreato;* -'". ness and liability to' which the 'corwration -, Superintendent ," ': :..,:'tlo11S recently made to the literature prevents wonderful .relief In asthma and 1 Dora I. McElreath, Irid D; Knox, toT h e geaav'i: naturot,the business can at any time subject itself J.' - I :1 of, .penology of the state la to be gives hay fever, and makes weak lungs Dora KnOx. Henry J.:PoTTjf,' Lula Power 1 b% .Wfiisacted, shall be the busi5t is one half of the amount of its NOTICE ,. :' % : : ,.found la .the thoughtful and well- strong enough toward off consumption I Albert Power, uth, Power, James I IL. I|: \ nayal stores operator with pow- capital stock. J'will H. 50 cents- and '*T a.4authonity to by VII. Notice is hereby given that there 1 'considered paper read by Dr.. S. coughs and colds. McMullen, Mare acquire punchase : : Tydings &: : Mcftlullen. 1>V11 I otherwise and to sell and The names and residences of thesubscribers be a meeting of the stockholder ; : - , ', Blitch of.. Ocala before the last sessloa $1.00. Guaranteed by Blackman, G&orge W. Meaas, '' Y -:; Trial .bottle free. m : Caleb encumber. lands, timber timber fa this corporation are of the McGehee Lumber company* *' =t.:' Co., druggists. J. Prison Congress Bautoight E. C. - :: National , of the' SjSMvttui the . John rights naval stores privileges. and as follows: corporation under .the laws of , : .In' Albany, N. Y. Hunting 'Gators.' W. Marston be an.il'h$l are hereby other property necessary for the car- H. Anderson, Ocala Florida.H. state of Florida, in its offices in Marion ,- . "This paper was entitled "The Open" W. R. Bennett, who went 'gator required to hi appear % th? bill of complainant rying on of a naval stores business, M. Hainption, Ocala, FIsrida. county" Florida ,at ten o'clock, a.nu ..'- ' 'vSjUhe.,Closed penitentiary System in the Everglades last, week thiS 'c ausa- on or before and with power and authority to.lease, Joseph J. Fort Ocala Florida. [ on the " 4' -,.." ;land It'.is.not too much to say that in ,hunting to return after three Sttdt! of November I9yiICrtaer own and operate tram roads, steam The capital stock of this corpora- I5th day of November A. D. 1305, ' compeued a t l I'* .. powerful and logical aff was ordered that a copy of boats steamships, sailing vessels tion has been subscribed as follows; to determine whether the charter of tJs made so Florida's claims in days' stay. One <<;)1.h1s hands becameso fl S rder be. published once a week and ,other water craft, construct, H. L. Anderson H .. 74S Shares said corporation shall be named so 'j'4as :. *pi sentation of swollen thatne. could not have tb.a ot ..250 Shares. Indebtedness liability . : or conviction [ ; eight consecutive weeks In the maintain, and use wharfs and other John S. Birdsey, to permit an : ;: '/'this:- direction as to carry use of it. It''was presumably' oa, Ocala Banner, ,a newspaper published facilities necessary for shipping merchandise H. M. Hampton .,' ,. 1 Share. of three hundred thousand -dot" '' ";l, ;;: tojth unprejudiced' minds. ed by. the skinning of. a 'gt r, He in 'said county and state. and naval stores products Joseph ,J. Fort, .... H 1 Share, lars. .:-T' LV: Several of our state coatemporarr brought ninety-three alligators to the This 4th, day of September. 1906. and the carrying on of' all business Witness our hands and seals this (seal) .McGEHEE LUMBER CO. , r--i have published Dr. Blltch's ,address ''Under trea : (seal) S. T. SISTRUNK, incident to a naval stores businessand the 11th day ,of October, A. D, 190G. BycJ.gcaeheee. "- !j either in part or In. full; and landing., : neat hiS hand Clerk Circuit Court, Marion County not 'inconsistent with the laws H. L. ANDERSON, (seal) Q-5-4t _President. - I ' : t ' got 4' ,"" ,we' are glad to note that ia his St.: has again normal condition Fla. 9-7 of the state of Florida. H. JL HAMPTON, (seal) .nn '- '-. : Meteor Senator Lewis and he "will goon return 'to the 'By .George Leitner D. C. ... JOSEPH J. ,FORT' (seal) NOTICE . Jt (Augustlae to endorse this ''glade ''his time he does jxot ex- Hocker & JDuval.Complainant's. III. I I. State of Florida, I ; ____ -I; : Zlm takesoccasion capital stock an- that therew1lt : - of : peGb to return until about December Solicitors. The amount County of Marion! Notice Is hereby given _ t; ''admirable paper in warmest terms. :. it: Dr. Biitcb: it. should be explain,I .Delray cor. Tropical Sun. ;- :[)Dollars which will be divided Intone undersigned authority H.\1.., ANDERSON i II stockholders of the McOehee Lumber" - : speaks with authority, having':"nad.several t GUARDIAN'S NOTICE SETTLE ) Thousand Shares of the par'value H., M. HAMPTON and JOSEPH (ompany, a 'corporation Tinder thelaws - _ experience.* ? prisont Game Warden's. Notice. MENT AND FINAL DISCHARGE. ()f one thousand dollars each, which J. FORT each of whom is:well known I of the state of Florida held in: .' _ : years and hospital burgeon! in the Notice is hereby given tnat 'when I iaid stock shall be fully'paid and non to' me. to be one Of the parties ,described I Its offices In Marion county, Florida: ' t: : physician Notice Is hereby given that on the I assessable and shall be paid In by a in and who executed .the foregoing pa t the _.i-_ __ - t.. ',convict camps of this state. persons want a deputy game warden 27th day Of December, A. D.. 1906 I conveyance to the said corporation articles of incorporation and 5th day of November,. A. O, 1906, /- f" ' ;. : 'It need hardly'be .said that he is an appointed the request, must be accompanied at the court house in Marion county, I:)f the naval stores business now being proposed charter and each acknowledged at ten o'clock a. m.. to determine -i.'" 's_ _ ardent advocate of the open as op Florida, the guardian and operated In the for the the capital stock of said corporation ' 'p !, ... with a'properiy signed petition uatter signed as j carried on the execution thereof whether , '( .!'":'\. :.posed' to the closed penitentiary sys-- of reputable persons. Address for the minors Katie Mal McIntyre, :Republic jf Honduras by H. L. Anderson uses'and purposes therein set forth ] shall be Increased to one _ :-Ir: .mand, while .no attempt. 'will be and Hellea McJntyre, wiu: present my and John S. Birdsey, as copartners and ,expressed hundred thousan? dollars -' , 2Er "i"'" ie at this-time to fully analyze C. McCRANEY, accounts and vouchers to the Hon. situated at Blrdsey's Point Given under my hand and seal of (seal) McGEHEE LUMBER CO. . ia address it be said in pasa- Game Warden, Stanton, Ha. Joseph Bell, county judge .ia and for Caratasca Lagoon, to the Department office this the 11th day of October, 10541By C. J. McGehee, _ may , his : 8-3/6t 'F' Marion county, and make my final of Mosquitia In said Republic of Honduras A. D. 1905 President. : _ bases argu- : [':, -OT :.that Dr. Blitch Characteristics.FRECKLES .' settlement wed apply for final discharge and all the property and ef- (County Judge Seal 4; :.i' ,meat, agalast.the.. close peaiteaitary as gi lardiin ,of the said ml fects"of said Anderson and JOSEPH BELL ATTACHMENT NOTICE. _ ::fi' 'system- upon the deadening, soul.p .r- flora from t) e said court. !Birdsey ,now being used at and upon County Judge, Marion Count, '' ' : :.1 1 aljzlng ejects: "of coafinement Ia those:: Dated June: I9ta 1906. said naval stores location, and all Notice is hereby given that Robt '- - 4: i..grea gray.duageoasla' Ia the.r'Jthern 'AND PIMPLES A. McINTYRE .property owned and .held by-said Anderson NOTICE cDF' APPLICATION FOR. Daily and all others concent ,. states,' are literally buried As gnardi iof Katie Mat and Helen.Mclntyrf and said Birdsey as ,co-part- .. LETTERS PATENT. I ed that the personal property of the .: .. 1EMOVED b'Yln'>>' . alive nhapP1..irtson,. 11-, ,_ Miaors. c-4rn nets. situated la Marion county, ,Flor NOTICE IS HEREBY .GIVEN that said Robt. Dally has be a attaches, _ 'thousaada ' : : ; .. upon'society iiiYolaTh0 '-_ -- Ida;, and also"'by.''conveyance to the I on 'the 12th day 'of November, A* D., to satisfy claim of Dr. H. W. Henry. _ : ny'to be turned bose Na< -a jr. for the of $15.00 and cost of . : Ia;.aiMBdlUon I said corporation of a certain concess 1906, the undersigned :will apply to sum _ f-the, pIraUdaQf.thete: tenns fatpltiioaBttttiitr SFiED BEANSWax ion and contract entered Into on L the. Governor of the State of Florida, suit; .now unless the said Robt- : _ :- ;.'both :moral. 'and physical the llth day of November, A D... .,.,1905, at his office in 'the in the Cityof'Tallahassee : Dally Center' his appearance at' ' '_; ,'thatnnfitsthern: in nuay cases", for : u aad Green Pod Varieties grown between- "the Republic" ,of Hondur s ,. in the State of Florida,for 1,my office la Lake Weir Fli, oa or --: -,_ _ dorieabythouaaa44. : .'ajth1ng .but a", ''coatlatiaacer.of the and shipped by. and :all; of the the foregoing proposed before the '- - , and John Birdsey, letters.-patent upon 1 ' of asd ; : r -which-'theU'-dowafall grateful Luliet, 5th day of November-130& : : -: 'to the to icaus e g charter. i ' !: and privileges-.conveyed ' :' ', _vrf:.originally. ".due.--PBnsacdla, pan tcca to remove Herbert: C.norriil.: rights said Birdser' thereunder. aubject tc) :H. L. ANDERSON- "f1 1 judgment will be. given against.him 'Y aU ,facul diKaiontiaia L. Anderson H. M HAMPTON.10mt '- .: default and said property. sold.,to - -::..IiIL'f' I Cedaf/Spriags; ., MIch.Eed1 an indebtedness to said H. ', *;: TT-- : - ' said cl ? & m : tie ud raton Dollars JOSEPH J.. FQRT ' : :r ::1 ;!;1-tJ. :' :J-- .!e 1..<:1' .. twity t L__'.,- 'f 7OUqa.' t.rt.,. ._ Speckled, Valentine'. ,Gre n, .P9d' due':"and'i of TWrty-five tot becomi Thousand,due ,before'' th e ? :Ajpatt; ._ofpur. ;..- .tWh,1te. ;,, HOUS :, f h.VS'Ib7 GLve.under""this the 30.JIlT'h day'na of "Sept and official," 1900.-; d' t'f-:i : &$1.00 tlannualelectloa{or officerIpa- $e lmrIf _ : $ I If';yOU' I".iW" p: $% .'15: Prices 'right oa 'other* varh fir wtUfDUk! ; youteetrg&. ; (seal) C J. SMITH J. P- '", ' :->"jBftnaity.io\.< let;IOOds, ..at,; ,tte e HaIlLad; aiI..ua: '.t-. : '.T.ba1' eties; All seeds offered,,are cfCrop. vided fo? herein,-: he Just valuation qua'tr ttylea 'just lawomen. 'far men ,an.td 9th District Marioa Co, FlA' ', ' ' _cMjyouwWret1t.: x :, t"- ; ,ucr. '. -- ,--"' .-. .&is. < 1906.. [which' said property., Is hereby fix* .Th Fair. t9.z85t. : - '"-' i,..", .' :r : _....f.y" l"'tf.- 'f !!o ..... ;. ' '. !(..:'- '" ,! t '" . ; : ;' ;. 'f_ .., .;" -i. ... - t - .. -::- --- ', 2':. -; f:;fy _,'-t''r' > .< ::;:!'>"< .:1".i'. 0.r' ";-;,; y- ,- .,,;!..>..1.flc'iY"/'i". ._.=.,' _J''r'c,. ."- :,' 4*:,:;,.\"\.i.F.: ;",,,,;>-t '.*''4t' ; ., -tJ,,' $: ,"?.'". '-.", ..'< i !.'it'L _,-<-. '":.'. '":J<"' .i. '. .'.... "" ,,;,.' :'f- .' J_';t !'1'. f : ": :- '- -" ,' -c'-- -,' ,,_ -""-'''''-''.'''''''-.r',''-,";<,''.'':;.:'''f"" ':.:''.' :'.v.r' J'.,:- ::::,,<;",. :::,f,,'' ''' ''' ,c-::'&'c":;, :..y...,,-, :' '"si.tfiSsi.i-.,:; .r"p: :: '_',,:'_, ; ,: 7i i:.;',: :,''.__'. ''_g' '_':.,.: ;'::;;..,.:.,',:;_'' : ---'---. * . ', '. ;::,;: -:, .. '''' ... :. ...., ."" """:"_,::'' ,, ;.':' : '; :- -'' .<. : : : :,' ..-:.:. ,""","" :,." ,",,, ,, .,.__. :"" .'''''': ,",,,-_-"'>"". , '. . '.' .. .. ., ' _. . '_ '.:' :: ; Q ia t...+.'t'E s- . % " " .. .;; . ,t I - F .."" r . ,;: ;" 'A: .8trong', ...ladktmtat Againittiie J >J I Amendment, . a "J JacksonvWe Oc t 4 2)94s. { = ._. -Y kt yw I presume that'n0-question'or-more AI : 4 -ice ? "' ; ;* VTi Importance has been,submitted to"the : : : .eleetorof Florida to pass upon, inxoany II.- .. . : " ;;: :iffe ; ; ' years, than the proposed drain- ..; "' .;. .. .. ,. rt t. ,,_ _, _. . constitution / r .. . age1 amendment?to the .fI E ; I -' : ... .' ' J i. It if of so mOC14! .:. IIlportanCB that.jit : t f' I. :'. ': :. : ? ,:: : f _: yvy J : .should not be considered from ;,the. fi ... ,. ,. . ,4 standpoint of 'factional politics or .... "' 4'...",'.. '_-" .,, ... ', --_'. _... '<, ,, ..... .. "., -' ,... .- ,-.-"" ,..-.,'., _.'' -_'_ -- .. .- ,' <,'- :. how Itjinay effect the political status', ; i' < 'of any*'official Individual, but only : 4 ;' : .. -.. 4 lhat of interest to the people of the - :State without, .other, interest. than L love of Amy*native state,and her peo .. ,- .>;. "::- ;., >.. :' -. '.,' .; : : t. !: ; .: ; f ; } . pie who have bestowed'upon me high. .. :, :,, "" :. : .: .. ". ..". .., '. .. .. " {{ ' to " .thought"'it . nors.have: proper ' : .; ., < give some brief. expression, of. my. .: I 1: _' : ' views :on the subject. C .rTS * an J am opposed to the amendment for ) >> : :: Y !.. : y the following reasons: .. f' ,. ... '!: . : 1. I 'dcf not think that the Ever-. ... r+y6 ...,:; .. r$ -- ', ' . glades !can be drained so as'to. become ., , ," .. _ .. : : : : t. available for cultivation with- .. ., .. , S. out: the expenditure of a Jarge J sum, of : ., _Jr = state money toralse,' that It without is practicable the serious for the oppression''of : E 5 H A Full and Complete Line of -. : ' a large number\of her .. . t h w .citizens. .;.; : < -' , Y 2. It '''Is not the part of wisdom to ' spend money on. drainage while the : : All Kinds of Candies : " very lands sought 'to be drained are : i la litigation, claimed by varieus companies :. S. . '; ':Many: lawyers,under legislative are .of-the'landi opinion grants.that :. '.,1' '- :: ..".-:"., 'c''t'.:.,' -., ......'. 1. .. .,. .- J I ',4'.. ., '.' .,' I' ',, ,... ,. ".!. .. by vesting the 'legal title of the r' '. , > swamp: lands in the International Improvement 1 r Board, ,the legislature' did i not invent {itsety of the pow4r of .\,.,<>:. ," f'r . further: controlling the disposition !of : ,.' :' "; the lands. Whether or this opinion - not . is .sound, it is better to suspend -' < El .operations..'decided.until the courts have finally ... : ,:. Penny Goods, full count tubs broken C 3. The'proposed amendments should ,. . combing in five individuals the legislative :./ ::3 k executive powers'powers of:of levying carrying taxes drainage the .:. : stick pails bon bons and mixtures and. .i operations. and;; (expending .the '. ', ; ; . i": monies 'raised !.c by' taxation, and: the ',. .->:' \ , } k I quasi Judicial pOwers of determining .. " : what lands they will class as alluvial . or.swamp ,overflowed: *. Thisis .. Goods boxes .1 L;' contrary to, the principles of re- .. r packages. in ; fancy choco'f 4, publicantfonn of government which : i i 4s careful to keepthose three departments .. l?= -Y i separate and' distinct. .. _, _ 4.i The powers vested m' the drainage + : ., ' r limitations' commissioners"; twhich, are'necessa'are without,-y those for' ".. : J ;, aces>. etc: Send us your orders; can a sr r s safety. The uncontrolled handling I. " .. I vast which wouldgo of sums of money ., .Y .politicaimachine.into their ,hands of:proportions'might- develop great a :.. :' fine :selection. We also handle i ly, .to:the. injury of, our people, with- give you .. out questioning the integrity of the i. y _ present board, we. cannot know who ii. _ will be ,their' successors or fill their .. ' placesJin:after years. I Gibson's Tablets and Rich's crystalled i4 1 } 5. Tie taxation' feature 'would mbxt I r : >gateto that extent 'that clause of : the,constitution, asJ it now exists, requiring .. t . r Ma."unifoifaf and..jequalrate. of .- t r : taxation.';' By the" jprbposed .amend-. I. --., _ .ment the' board of drainage commissioners .. : -4 f ginger B' I ire authorized and empower _____; .- ed to establish drainage districts .. I _ y?' and fix, the' boundaries. "thereof .. .. yS rrl *,tQprepareaHsts.or.Hstsof all \' -.', .... .. ', " 'tie alluvlal wamp.anloverflowed( .. '- .. -. '. ; : ; -- -- : "' lands within such drainage districts . Y' 'And..levy thereon a''acrea"ge tax not +. - exceeding': ten cents' per acre, to' 'beAllied''annuallyl" '. L\ It is made _the. duty: :+ ,,--,- ... .. ,,, ',. .. -, --- -. -.. .. ..... -i of the respective collectors to coT _ c JectjSuch. tax.. There is ,no limit tot .. the ,continuation, of such annual assessments I. :,, nor, is there and restriction .. r ; % :toathe extent of the drainagedis +. BROWN & BRO. 1. : ;* tract: The ''lands to be taxed 'may be I.. - ien fifty or a hundred miles from the ,' lands'drained! they may,;sot be benJflttedjn4 : :y; : the:'slightest' by the: drainageoperations +: .. ', : : ':' ,,:::.: -", -i\\--: ; ... .. ._ '. -:__, .' : '- n_ .'n. .:" : : of! the owent might not ,t > ..., -t -want his,'lands. drained, yet it they +. .. z lie flth1n; drainage district and ". ': e j ... .. - .;areJlt- p'da t':taxation by the com . - j ; - ... .. : on rshemust;: pay the tax as ... ' : .... :Ionta!iU 'It is 'assessed or .suffer his .. -., : ,.: .;__ -n.n.---'n-. : '...; .. .. -.- r.,... ::,. ;; . :lands.t&be confiscated. If ones lands : J. ' < ( . . A' !,: 'were listed for: drainage taxation that ,. I ,. ;.' -Dy 'veeriotIn, fact alluvial, swamp.or r " -overflowed (which I,am.informed has t r .. .. i- . y been done,in:.some ,cases), it is very ... ,. -'- 81 ', 1S .d 'Jbtful 'whether the owner would O1Iu pT ."..S . lav? .any relief as against such action" CI . . L ,,, ,. . ": f' the commissioners. The taxi <. : '': : -- .ww -. ' .r :; > ;- , nt3 ups .not according to value. A,' ',- ;",. . whdinay own 500 acres of land worth '. r ; "" '. HI 8 ABr05 KI . t' 1500.00 has to pay the same tax that .. ... ,:> :: Bi '. ! .i.. .. ,. , B days'i n 600 acres of land'worth 4 ::::. 19 .. . ?2,59p,00;, if both tracts are ,listed for : 'f.:: .: ] 4 - taxation' in the' same drainage distract :: / = :- ; -- S S S -T: ty -: C1 may own lands adjoining A .-. ,-,. .' , r" tar B but lying outside =of the drain- ) .' ' N t age district yet A ,and B are taxed -- . :and: C pays no taxes: Let not those ', .. '" who-l live;outside of the present drainage - ; :' 'district ,take he'position that it - ,t i':} 'Js.no concern .of theirs. It is their AxlefGrease will please you. Tryacase: in your ., -- ';" :; 'concern,that they, ,do not contribute : \\ T :-f .. 'to impose upon their fellow citizens " : -t. " ?\. \,\' "' ,living in' .any portion of the state a 'I next order : ,., ,. . constitutional amendment which will 4t < ,: .Impose upon them such: unequal and .. .' ,,:< _.'. --1 v- 4 " ; .., ."oppressive' taxation. Nor, from a sel4 : .._\ ;\ : :\''':;' :: : : I - know when a '. shr:views can. they: $tnage .district will be laid off : : :'" '; ' = which.; will include their land. If we 4 : > " ? : "Jockey Animal Food - 4 make an.innovation. of the present 4 r constitutional ,limitation for_ the:pur4 _ ftr; ",t> sr fiat:: drainage what will be the j , .pe .scheme to draw 'us away from 4q'the '"'': /: "ONE CURRY FREE WITH .EACH CASE. I.: ? ; : :, CASE COMBS - 'i .te' rule of .uniform and equal : ' :, .C. ' tantlo ; ; i ' '. >i't). The power 'of emInent ,domain : :; :I , z 4, vhieb! is' bestowed upon the commis-- j ; : ; iC: : :; .' ; : # ,., : 'Bloners, 'without the previous payment j " : } to the, owner of the"':value of j -' >.'r - ., SEND US YOUR ORDERS. .. y'; unwise innovaV I ,Ids land 'taken, is, an' 0 ' K: eminent 4omaln,as I -" > ', _. ;'tion oft the,law,'of :> ''' - . : . : : , : .. 'H I -' .*'*CA: : ,- .: '" every voter- will ,give ; ; " : 1t' --';xifte'ipbject: ; that careful investigation J .' ," .S i.i, ., . : -' ... " '- 'n' : : : _ : - 'impor 1""t which"tUs ; '' aponslderatton .. 't- tancedemandaud his ballot' vtt. ,' ." : ,. .!.. ,, ,. : : cast as. R" t: F : ; -- .n 'A O t ; . h '\ }, T I. < I , .. .. . -.. '''t'_, .. .- ,}l e, honestly' believes Is for, the toterest '' "' n'" ''' ':j ,"_ h'f" 7. J - ' 4iti 'to t 'Florida.. ... '. ;",,'";; ',): : :\. 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Rio A light and clean rewriting of ROOT IO system. Motivated from the strong conviction that an IO package is NOT a drawing package. G.Barrand, permanent debugger of CERN software at CNRS / IN2P3 / LAL No Rio::Class::draw() !!! Rio is light because It does in 15 klines of code what ROOT does with 200 klines. Rio is clean because, among other things, it has 85 classes dealing only with the problem of IO and has 9 abstract interfaces organized in a clean inheritance tree. Results are VERY encouraging. With the OpenScientist/Lab package, we are able to store/retrieve histograms and tuples with around lines of code only (against 200 klines with CINT/ROOT). Speed is the same than ROOT, due to the fact that the system read and write are dominant and that the compression system is the same. The size of a file is the same due to the fact that the logic of file organization and access is the same. Result on the speed shows that someone can use pure abstract interfaces without loss of performance. Files containing TTree with simple data types (int, float) are not only readable by ROOT itself but also with the java implementation of the ROOT IO done by T.Johnson at SLAC. In September 2002, we have been able to read LHCb data produced at the ROOT format during summer These data were produced within the Gaudi framework, by using the GaudiRootDb service with ROOT behind. The data have been read by using a modified version of GaudiRootDb (GaudiRioDb) in order to use Rio-v3r0. This had been ignored at CERN. But it may interest others that are using the Gaudi framework and look for a light solution for IO at the ROOT format. STL It was clear that some code in the ROOT core was here due to a wish of not using existing libraries like STL and to a tendency of the authors to reinvent most of things (*). Was it not possible to have something lighter by using STL ? The answer is obviously yes.. Only the fact to use std::string instead of “char *” and C str* functions improve the quality. It is interesting to note that in last releases of ROOT, STL spreads anyway…. * ROOT = Reinvented Object Oriented Technology ? Rio (for ROOT IO) is a REWRITING of the file IO system of ROOT. Rio is intended for people that look for a free stand alone file IO system, but do not want to enter in the whole ROOT system (or in the whole logic of the core of a data framework). Potential clients are people that develop their own data framework and seek for a well defined IO package which is not another data framework. History : Previous attempts (Rio-v1r*, Rio-v2*, RioGrande-v3*) had been repacking of the "ROOT core" library. But it appeared that the ROOT core is in fact the core of a framework and then more than an IO package. Usage of these previous Rio versions within the OpenScientist/Lab package showed that it was still necessary to bring around lines of code to store / retrieve an histogram in a file ! This involves the code of the IO machinery but also the code of the CINT interpreter used mainly at this point to produce automatically the streamers of a couple of classes. It involves also to bring some code to handle networking, drawing, GUI, etc..., things that are irrelevant to the problem of storing data in a file. Some non-discussions with the ROOT team clearly showed that these people will not do any attempt in order to have a less knotty repacking of the ROOT core. The idea of doing Rio was born in November 1998 after the CHEP conference of Chicago. Dictionary : The author was interest in studying the question of the relationship of the CINT interpreter with the IO machinery. Is CINT really needed ? Especially if someone wants to use another interpreter to do its interactivity. Is it possible to have the IO machinery repacked in order to be able to use an abstract dictionary so that someone can provide the dictionary info by hand (in case of tricky C++), or in an automatic way with other interpreters or languages that have introspection ? The mastering of the dictionary production would permit in particular to be able to reuse the dictionary machinery of some languages like Python and java to store objects of these languages with a minimum of code between these languages and the IO machinery. Be able to write a dictionary by hand can permit some software not interpretable by CINT (Geant4, heavily templated code, etc...) to have access to a storage system. Some frameworks, like Gaudi, had introduced a data dictionary using XML. SEAL have introduced the LCGDict (that will never be merged with CINT one). It could be fine to be able to use these dictionaries in direct and clean connection to the IO package The logic of the IO itself had been respected as much as possible (at least up to the understanding that the author have of the IO logic of ROOT). In particular the streamers of the basic classes like TFile, TDirectory, TTree had been respected so that a file produced by Rio can be understood by ROOT itself. For example a file containing a TTree filled with basic data types like int and floats is readable by ROOT. Pure abstract interfaces : The author was interested also to study the usage of pure abstract interfaces ; a technique that permits to decouple domains in a nice way at the level of the code. Critical points to study were the coupling of the dictionaries to the IO system and of the data streamers to the IO system. We remember that a pure abstract interface permits to establish a relationship at compilation time but not at link time ! (Imagine, get rid of the fact to link your dlls with ROOT libCore, libCINT, libTree, etc….!!!). Due to the strong resistance of the ROOT team to not use this nice technique, the author wanted to know if this resistance was justified technically. The answer is no. With Rio-v3r0 the goal had been achieved ; the IO machinery sees only some pure abstract classes like IDictionary, IClass, IObject and the data streamer sees the Rio::IBuffer. What is astounding (comparing with ROOT) is that these classes have really few methods... (In particular the Rio::IObject and Rio::IClass have NO draw method !) (Speed is highly dominated by the system IO, then abstract interfaces cost nothing in this problem).
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Rio A light and clean rewriting of ROOT IO system. Motivated from the strong conviction that an IO package is NOT a drawing package. G.Barrand, permanent debugger of CERN software at CNRS / IN2P3 / LAL At CERN : The existence of Rio (and the fact that it was able to read LHCb data in 9 / 2002) had been notified to main actors of storage at CERN and LHCb in 9 / At that time the reached solution to read LHCb data was extremely simple and clean. It summed up to one Gaudi service (GaudiRioDb package) over Rio. Put all together it amounts up to around 20 klines of code only. The reactions had been unanimous : “do not even think to put one single foot in this private garden !!!” Now CERN (and LHCb) goes in the direction of some kind of fermionic mixture with ROOT to do the IO and some upper layer (POOL over SEAL) to handle collections of files. All this dealing with two dictionaries that will obviously never been merged. (We do not mention the incompatible two plugin systems, three build systems, etc…). Right now the amount of code to read an LHCb event is probably around klines of home made code (covering CINT, ROOT, SEAL, POOL, Gaudi and not counting “external” packages like : boost, gccxml, pcre, uuid, zlib, mysql++, rx). A pain. The author invites you to have a look at the code (or, let us be kind, only the class diagrams) and try to understand how a piece of data is store in a file with that. The author had to do the port on MacOSX of all that : months of intrinsic pain. Will it be needed to wait 2030 that blocking people be retired in order to have another chance to put things on track and have something appealing concerning HEP storage software ? For the 50th birthday of CERN, the author wishes to the lab that had been created to federate engineering forces to do high energy physics, and pretends to have the “E” of European in its name, a VERY GOOD LUCK with the storage of data of the LHC experiments. Guy Barrand, forever debugger of CERN software. Coding driving rules No "g" logic (that is to say no global pointers and singletons). In ROOT, the fact that classes may see other classes through global pointers clearly breaks the encapsulation. Any classes in ROOT can then establish relationships to any other classes in a non traceable way. (We even don't speak of relationship established by using the CINT interpreter (string relationship)). In Rio, the relationship are established only by using inheritance, encapsulation and methods arguments (as explained in all good book about OO). Then, having no singleton, someone can instantiate two Rio::File by having the guarantee that there is no hidden relationships between them. It means that someone can have true multithreading on multiple files in good confidence. Do not provide, in Rio itself, an automatic dictionary production by using some interpreter. This should come as third party packages. (ok, ok, today we have none for Rio). Have Rio handles file IO only. Networking, etc... is another problem. Then in Rio, the relationship to the operating system specific things is minimal. It is concentrated in the Core/File.cxx file and concerns mainly the C functions : open, close, read, write, lseek. Then configuration and installation is straightforward. Use pure abstract classes to decouple things. Use STL. In particular do not reinvent string, list, vector, etc... classes. Avoid pointers as much as possible, use (const) references. Use the "Rio" namespace. Have Rio::Xxx instead of TXxx (or RXxx). Namespace the libraries. Have libRioCore, libRioTree instead of libCore, libTree !!! (We are perhaps not alone in the universe…) Have I to name an interface (IClass, IObject). Use basic data types (int, short, double, float). Do not reinvent all the data types (Int_t, etc...) Have no Rio::IObject::draw() method. An IO package is NOT a drawing package. Avoid static objects (and then static object constructors). This permits to build safe DLLs on all platforms. Try to be ANSI C++. Code had been tested with five ANSI C++ compilers (g++, VisualC++, DEC/cxx, Sun/CC, KCC). Avoid technicalities and eXtreme C++. At the end it is not intelligible for others. (And most of the time it breaks the portability). If you find that all the uppers are common sense, then find a ROOT eXtremist (there is probably one beside you !!!) and try to discuss these points with him… Future : Rio is used in OpenScientist / Lab and OpenPAW. Then developments will follow the needs that will come around these softwares. Are already requested : chaining of tuples, storing more AIDA data types. It is clear that Rio covers IO in one file only. The logic would be to continue by handling operations on collection of files, then leading to a data base software. For the moment only the name of this package had been found : RioGrande !!! Download Rio comes with the OpenScientist distribution. It can be reconstructed with CMT or with configure on UNIXes and with CMT or.NET on Windows. The 228 classes of ROOT (without CINT) needed to read a file !OpenPAW executing pawex11.kumac by writing the file with Rio
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how can i configure cin to wait until enter is pressed?
how can i configure cin to wait until enter is pressed?
Please elaborate; I can't think of a case where cin doesn't wait until enter is pressed.
normaly cin wait for a char or number to be entered and then pressed i mean that cin wait for just a enter
Oh, I get it.
No, cin by itself doesn't do that, but you can use the function cin.get() to do that.
Just add this:
...where you want it to do that....where you want it to do that.Code:
cin.get();
Oh, and if the program skips over it without waiting, add this right before it:
That should do it.That should do it.Code:
cin.ignore('\n', 10);
Alternately, you could also use this:
...to make it wait until any key is pressed. The downside of that method is that it has a predefined message that it displays when it waits....to make it wait until any key is pressed. The downside of that method is that it has a predefined message that it displays when it waits.Code:
system("PAUSE");
I think you could also use getch by asking it to look for the ASCII value of return, I think its '13' I did a similar thing in an exercise a bit ago.
declare the control variable as an int, so it looks for ASCII value.
I'm pretty sure that should work.I'm pretty sure that should work.Code:
int enter;
while (enter!='13')
{
getch(enter);
if (enter != '13')
{
cout<<"do it again.";
}
}
While 'getch()' is an option, be aware that it doesn't take an argument. (This will become apparent when you attempt to compile the code, of course, but I thought I'd throw it out.)
-Skipper-SkipperCode:
#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{
char key;
do
{
clrscr(); // makes it look like nothing's happening
std::cout << "Press ENTER to continue...";
key = getch();
}while (key != '\r'); // C++ (not ASCII) escape char for carriage return
std::cout << "\n\nThanks for finally pressing the ENTER key!";
getch();
return 0;
} | http://cboard.cprogramming.com/cplusplus-programming/22123-cin-printable-thread.html | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | refinedweb | 359 | 85.69 |
Please could someone show me how to convert the 3 Classic ASP scripts I posted here so I can use the .aspx extension and the automatic compiling?
It hopefully will kick-start my enthusiasm for .NET
As soon as a put in a function to set the h1, I get the error "Statement cannot appear within a method body. End of method assumed"
<%
Response.ContentType="application/x-javascript"
Response.AddHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-javascript")
dim H1
function getH1()
H1="db Loaded"
end function
%>o=document.createElement("<h1>");
o.innerHTML="<%=H1%>";
document.getElementsByTagName("div")[0].appendChild(o);
Mark, I've reviewed the original thread and have a few comments for you.
First, a direct converson between the two is not possible due to several reasons. These reasons would be a difference in the underlying technology and the fact that vbscript (used in the InterDev days) is no longer used.
Second, rather than convert your script, please allow me to show you how to do this conversion. Then you can learn more along the way, as you convert your scripts yourself. It's always best to learn by doing.
I'll assume you have something akin to the following:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "">
<html xmlns="">
<head>
<title>My Page</title>
<%
sub GetHeaderText()
GetHeaderText = "Howdy all"
end sub
%>
</head>
<body>
<h1><%Response.Write(GetHeaderText()) %></h1>
</body>
</html>
And that it is giving you the "cannot exist within a method" error, correct? The reason for this is because asp.net is compiled, managed code. It is just as much a full project as when you would write a custom DLL in VB to provide DAL services for your asp.classic application. In this case, we're trying to add the method GetHeaderText to a global namespace, which isn't allowed. Therefore, we have a different way of handling this.
To make the conversion, we add the following to a asp.net web application project...
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="Conversion.Default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "">
<html xmlns="">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<h1 id="MyHeader" runat="server" onload="MyHeader_OnLoad"></h1>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
using System;
using System.Web.UI;
namespace Conversion
{
public partial class Default : Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Title = "My Page";
}
protected void MyHeader_OnLoad(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MyHeader.InnerHtml = "Howdy all";
}
}
}
Now the file runs correctly. All we've done is wrapped the base functionality of the entire page in a class, which exposes methods the client html can hook into. You do not, in fact, need to resort to using all the nifty built-in <asp:whatever> controls to use aspx. These controls have a lot more options and settings, and are far more customizable than stock html elements, but you can do the same things with normal html. All that's required is that you give the element id and runat attributes, and map your events to handlers. One of the biggest advantages of this is that we can now use inheritance to create a base page handling class, subclassing it for specific page usage. Also note the first line in the new html. There are directives there that tell the compiler which language you'll be using, which file has the code (no need for SSI anymore, yay), and what namespace.class to use.
I hope this simple example helps clarify what needs to be done to convert your scripts.
In addition, you may still use javacript, AJAX, and anything else you want in the HTML portions of your page.
I realise you are hesitant about .net, and I understand why. It's a bit of a shift in thought. But you can not easily take a Chevy (your asp.classic app) and toss a Ford engine (.net) into it and expect it to work without reworking a few things. Might I suggest that you simply take a leap of faith? Download and install the free MS Web Express IDE, try authoring a few pages to get the feel for it, and then try the conversion. At worst, you've lost a day or two of time exploring things, but you'll have a much better grasp on how it all works, in order to place future queries.
Happy coding. =)
Thanks Serenarules. How would I go about changing the output from HTML to javascript depending on how it was called?At the moment I use default.asp to output HTML as HTML and default.asp?live=1 to output HTML as JavaScript
What I need is default.aspx to output HTML, and default.aspx?live=1 to output javascript. Using the method I get my asp and php pages to finish executing in over twice the speed.
I don't want to have to create seperate files that do the same things just in a different way.
Add the following element to your aspx html.
<asp:Literal
Add the following code to your page class.
protected void DynamicOutput_OnLoad(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (Request.QueryString["live"] == "1")
{
DynamicOutput.Text = "some js here";
} else {
DynamicOutput.Text = "some text here";
}
}
The asp:literal control is a custom element in the asp namespace. It is tied to a specialized control class, and therefore, has more properties and methods than a normal html element would. If you use the IDE, you'll see this for yourself, in the intellisense. You could use any number of elements for the output, or handle it in any number of methods, such as Page_Load, but that's not good practice, as that method can quickly become overrun with noodle code.
There are other ways to accomplish this as well, but until you are comfortable with the basics, this will suffice.
P.S. If you're more comfortable working within the HTML, you could also forego the code and add the if-else statement directly to the markup, within <% %> tags. The reason I favor the method I showed is that it separates the display from the code.
I've managed to get something working!
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<script runat="server">
void Page_PreInit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (Request.QueryString["live"] == "1")
{
Response.Write("javascript header");
} else {
Response.Write("HTML header");
}
}
protected override void OnPreInit(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnPreInit(e); // implicitly calls Page_PreInit
if (Request.QueryString["live"] == "1")
{
Response.Write("javascript footer");
} else {
Response.Write("HTML footer");
}
}
</script>
But not sure what it's doing. I don't know if I like this code-behind thing (not that this is using any, I don't think). Over the years I've created my own code and libraries, maybe they're not good but I know what each do, and know how to change them to fit my needs. My PHP and asp are very similar line-by-line (or block by block). But I like the way my includes are compiled, and I have to move to aspx to keep up to date.
Why do I need page_preinit(argument 1,argument 2). I know what javascript's function init(argument 1,argument 2) would do, but I don't call page_preinit or give it arguments?
I can remove object sender, EventArgs e from page_preinit and it still works, but if I remove EventArgs e from onPreInit or e from base.onPreInit it fails
Well, if you insist on doing it inline, you could probably get away with...
<script runat="server">
if (Request.QueryString["live"] == "1")
{
Response.Write("javascript header");
} else {
Response.Write("HTML header");
}
</script>
...however I have never tried this myself, so it might not actually work. You also scrap the ability to reuse the code for another page. With aspx you are now working against an object model, not just handling html events. When it comes to includes, the need is eliminated due to how code is namespaced. To use another code file within the one you're working on, you would type "use MyNamespace.MyClass" at the beginning of the file. As you get more advanced, you can learn how to code a custom control, and drop that into your html forms. These are the basis for inclusion in asp.net. When you author html and code separately, the code files are all compiled into a dll in the projects bin folder. This is just another reason/benefit for separating the two.
I would highly suggest picking up a beginners book on the topic and work through the tutorials. There is more to cover than can easily be done in this thread alone.
On a personal note: I too fought against the design for a while. There are legitamate reasons why it is put together the way it is, and everything you want to do can be done. But if you fight against it, those things will just seem a lot harder than they really are. | https://www.sitepoint.com/community/t/asp-to-aspx/19536 | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | refinedweb | 1,491 | 66.64 |
The code below is used to connect nodes in a list in a way that each node's next attribute will point to the following node in the list, but the function never terminates. What's wrong with my code?
def connect_level(alist): def aux(h, t): if len(t) == 0: h.next = None return else: h, t = alist[0], alist[1:] h.next = t[0] aux(h, list(t[1:])) if len(alist) == 0: return else: h, t = alist[0], alist[1:] aux(h, t) # this caused an error connect_level([TreeNode(1), TreeNode(2), TreeNode(3)])
Can you add some comments explaining what's supposed to be happening? I don't use python, but I can see that when aux calls itself h never changes. How does this relate to the problem of connecting nodes in a tree?
My solution is to solve the problem level by level, and what this function does is that given a list of nodes in the same level, connect each node to its right neighbor. The aux is a recursive function, which accepts two parameters, head( a single node) and tail (rest part of the list). The terminate condition for the recursion is when the tail is empty. The second parameter's size is reducing by one each time you make a recursive call.
Ah, ok. That method violates the problem spec by using log(n) space rather than constant space, but that won't stop it from connecting the nodes.
I actually meant add comments in the code, but I guess just saying "comments" was vague. Oops.
I still don't understand what the aux is for, how how it's meant to work. If I were going to connect nodes from a list I would do something like this (sorry if it's not valid python):
def connect_level(alist):
for i in range( 0, alist.length-2 ):
alist[i].next = alist[i+1]
Note that setting alist[n-1].next = None is unnecessary because all of the next pointers start out as None.
Yes, that's a much simpler implementation. :-) I guess I just want to practice how to write recursive function in Python.
It never terminates because in the aux function, the else block sets both h and t from alist.
Every time it gets to that block it recurses with h=alist[0], t=alist[2:].
Any time aux is called with alist.length>2, it will infinite loop.
For the condition len(t)==0 to be met, it would have to recurse with h and t set from the previous h and t rather than from alist.
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Avro::Builder
Avro::Builder provides a Ruby DSL to create Apache Avro Schemas.
This DSL was created because:
- The Avro IDL is not supported in Ruby.
- The Avro IDL can only be used to define Protocols.
- Schemas can be extracted as JSON from an IDL Protocol but support for imports is still limited.
Additional background on why we developed
avro-builder is provided
here.
Features
- The syntax is designed for ease-of-use.
- Definitions can be imported by name. This includes auto-loading from a configured set of paths. This allows definitions to split across files and even reused between projects.
- Record definitions can inherit from other record definitions.
- Schema Store to load files written in the DSL and return
Avro::Schemaobjects.
Limitations
- Only Avro Schemas, not Protocols are supported.
- See Issues for functionality that has yet to be implemented.
- This is beta quality code. There may be breaking changes until version 1.0 is released.
Installation
Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
gem 'avro-builder'
And then execute:
$ bundle
Or install it yourself as:
$ gem install avro-builder
Railtie
When included in a Rails project,
#{Rails.root}/avro/dsl is configured as a
load path for the DSL.
A rake task is also defined for generating Avro JSON schemas from the DSL.
Usage
To use
Avro::Builder, define a schema:
namespace 'com.example' fixed :password, 8 enum :user_type, :ADMIN, :REGULAR record :user do required :id, :long required :user_name, :string required :type, :user_type, default: :REGULAR required :pw, :password optional :full_name, :string required :nicknames, :array, items: :string required :permissions, :map, values: :bytes end
The schema definition may be passed as a string or a block to
Avro::Builder.build.
This generates the following Avro JSON schema:
{ "type": "record", "name": "user", "namespace": "com.example", "fields": [ { "name": "id", "type": "long" }, { "name": "user_name", "type": "string" }, { "name": "type", "type": { "name": "user_type", "type": "enum", "symbols": [ "ADMIN", "REGULAR" ], "namespace": "com.example" }, "default": "REGULAR" }, { "name": "pw", "type": { "name": "password", "type": "fixed", "size": 8, "namespace": "com.example" } }, { "name": "full_name", "type": [ "null", "string" ], "default": null }, { "name": "nicknames", "type": { "type": "array", "items": "string" } }, { "name": "permissions", "type": { "type": "map", "values": "bytes" } } ] }
Required and Optional
Fields for a record are specified as
required or
optional. Optional fields are
implemented as a union in Avro, where
null is the first type in the union and
the field has a default value of
null.
Named Types
fixed and
enum fields may be specified inline as part of a record
or as standalone named types.
# Either syntax is supported for specifying the size fixed :f, 4 fixed :g, size: 8 # Either syntax is supported for specifying symbols enum :e, :X, :Y, :Z enum :d, symbols: [:A, :B] record :my_record_with_named do required :f_ref, :f required :fixed_inline, :fixed, size: 9 required :e_ref, :e required :enum_inline, :enum, symbols: [:P, :Q] end
Complex Types
Array, maps and unions can each be embedded within another complex type using methods that match the type name:
record :complex_types do required :array_of_unions, :array, items: union(:int, :string) required :array_or_map, :union, types: [array(:int), map(:int)] end
Methods may also be used for complex types instead of separately specifying the type name and options:
record :complex_types do required :array_of_unions, array(union(:int, :string)) required :array_or_map, union(array(:int), map(:int)) end
For more on unions see below.
Nested Records
Nested records may be created by referring to the name of the previously
defined record or using the field type
:record.
record :sub_rec do required :i, :int end record :top_rec do required :sub, :sub_rec end
Definining a subrecord inline:
record :my_rec do required :nested, :record do required :s, :string end end
Nested record types defined without an explicit name are given a generated
name based on the name of the field and record that they are nested within.
In the example above, the nested record type would have the generated name
__my_rec_nested_record:
{ "type": "record", "name": "my_rec", "fields": [ { "name": "nested", "type": { "type": "record", "name": "__my_rec_nested_record", "fields": [ { "name": "s", "type": "string" } ] } } ] }
Unions
A union may be specified within a record using
required and
optional with
the
:union type:
record :my_record_with_unions do required :req_union, :union, types: [:string, :int] optional :opt_union, :union, types: [:float, :long] end
For an optional union,
null is automatically added as the first type for
the union and the field defaults to
null.
Unions may also be defined using the
union method instead of specifying the
:union type and member types separately:
record :my_record_with_unions do required :req_union, union(:string, :int) optional :opt_union, union(:float, :long) end
Logical Types
The DSL supports setting a logical type on any type except a union. The logical types defined in the Avro spec are more limited.
The official Ruby
avro gem does not yet support logical types:
AVRO-1695.
There is a avro-patches gem that patches the official Avro Ruby gem to support encoding and decoding logical types. To use this gem, reference it in your Gemfile instead of the official Avro gem:
gem 'avro-patches'
A logical type can be specified for a field using the
logical_type attribute:
record :with_timestamp required :created_at, :long, logical_type: 'timestamp-micros' end
Primitive types with a logical type can also be embedded within complex types
using either the generic
type method:
record :with_date_array required :date_array, :array, type(:int, logical_type: date) end
Or using a primitive type specific method:
record :with_date_array required :date_array, :array, int(logical_type: date) end
Abstract Types
Types can be declared as abstract in the DSL. Declaring a type as abstract prevents the rake task from generating an Avro JSON schema for the type.
A type can be declared as abstract using either an option or a method in the DSL when defining the type:
record :unique_id, abstract: true required :uuid, :fixed, size: 38 end enum :status do symbols %w(valid invalid) abstract true end
Type Macros
avro-builder allows type macros to be defined that expand to types that
cannot normally be named in Avro schemas. These macro names are not retained
in generated schemas but allow definitions to be reused across DSL files:
type_macro :timestamp, long(logical_type: 'timestamp-millis') record :user do required :created_at, :timestamp required :updated_at, :timestamp end
Type macros inherit the namespace from the context where they are defined or an explicit namespace option may be specified:
type_macro :timestamp, long(logical_type: 'timestamp-millis'), namespace: 'com.my_company'
Type macros are always marked as abstract and do not generate an Avro JSON schema file when using the rake task.
Auto-loading and Imports
Specify paths to search for definitions:
Avro::Builder.add_load_path('/path/to/dsl/files')
Undefined references are automatically loaded from a file with the same name.
The load paths are searched for
.rb file with a matching name.
Files may also be explicitly imported using
import <filename>.
Extends
A previously defined record may be referenced in the definition of another
record using
extends <record_name>. This adds all of the fields from
the referenced record to the current record. The current record may override
fields in the record that it extends.
record :original do required :first, :string required :second, :int end record :extended do extends :original optional :first, :string end
Additionally you can provide a
namespace to
extends if necessary to remove ambiguity.
namespace 'com.newbie' record :original, namespace: 'com.og' do required :first, :string required :second, :int end record :original do required :first, :string required :second, :int end record :extended do extends :original, namespace: 'com.og' optional :first, :string end
Schema Store
The
Avro::Builder::SchemaStore can be used to load DSL files and return cached
Avro::Schema objects. This schema store can be used as the schema store for
avromatic
to generate models directly from schemas defined using the DSL.
The schema store must be initialized with the path where DSL files are located:
schema_store = Avro::Builder::SchemaStore.new(path: '/path/to/dsl/files') schema_store.find('schema_name', 'my_namespace') #=> Avro::Schema (for file at '/path/to/dsl/files/my_namespace/schema_name.rb')
To configure
Avromatic to use this schema store and its Messaging API:
Avromatic.configure do |config| config.schema_store = Avro::Builder::SchemaStore.new(path: 'avro/dsl') config.registry_url = ':[email protected]' config.build_messaging! end
Avro Generate Rake Task
There is a rake task that can be used to generate Avro schemas from all DSL files.
A rake task is automatically defined via a Railtie for Rails projects that uses
#{Rails.root}/avro/dsl as the root for Avro DSL files.
Custom rake tasks can also be defined:
require 'avro/builder/rake/avro_generate_task' Avro::Builder::Rake::AvroGenerateTask.new(name: :custom_gen, dependencies: [:load_app]) do |task| task.filetype = 'avsc' # default option task.root = '/path/to/dsl/files' task.load_paths << '/additional/dsl/files'
Issues and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at.
License
The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License. | https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/avro-builder/0.16.1 | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | refinedweb | 1,447 | 51.68 |
Docker Image for easy Migration
No question here but I wanted to share a Docker image you may find useful (if you are using Docker that is...) :)
I just published the following image:...
You can find the source and doc here:
You do NOT need to mount any volume. I guess this solution only works for the versions of Bonita after 7.3.x
The image does support "dry-run" as well we "run" so you can easily test before you migrate.
You control the migration by providing ENV and the config is generated from that. If you are using postgres, you will pass the following (as for example):
```
ENV DB=postgres
ENV URL=jdbc:postgresql://postgres:5432/bonitadb
ENV DRIVER=org.postgresql.Driver
ENV USER=postgres
ENV PASSWD=secret
ENV ZIP=...
ENV TARGET=7.12.0
```
You can see that you can pass the "ZIP" you want depending on your version. The "TARGET" is also important and should be for instance "7.12.0" and not "7.12" (don't ask me... that's what the doc mentions...)
I successfully test a migration from 7.11.4 to 7.12.1.
If you are into Kubernetes, you can use a Job looking like this (after fixing the intendation that this stupid forum is killing...)
```
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: bonita-migration-7-11-2021-1
namespace: registrar1
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- name: bonita-migration-7-11-2021-1
image: chevdor/bonita-migration
imagePullPolicy: Always
command: ["dry-run"]
# command: ["run"]
env:
- name: URL
value: jdbc:postgresql://postgres:5432/bonitadb
- name: USER
value: postgres
- name: PASSWD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
name: bonita
key: password
- name: ZIP
value:...
restartPolicy: Never
backoffLimit: 2
```
Hopefully that can help others. | https://community.bonitasoft.com/questions-and-answers/docker-image-easy-migration | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | refinedweb | 285 | 57.87 |
importing degraded raid-z2 array?904867 Sep 26, 2012 4:52 AM
My file server had a malfunctioning PSU and took out my mirrored boot drives on SSD and some of my member mechanical HDDs in RAID-z2 array. I seem to have enough member disks survive to rebuild, but I haven't verified the zpool is in fact intact as I haven't gotten around putting them in a new Solaris environment. The OS partition is gone, so I'd have to make a new Solaris install then try to import the zpool with missing members. I was hoping to know if it was possible at all or if I need to send out dead boot drives and/or dead members to data recovery. Thanks for the help.
This content has been marked as final. Show 6 replies
1. Re: importing degraded raid-z2 array?Cindys-Oracle Sep 26, 2012 2:58 PM (in response to 904867)Hi--
Whether your RAIDZ pool can survive this failure depends on how many devices were UNAVAIL
and for how long. Do you know if this is a RAIDZ1-3 pool? The RAIDZ level determines how
many device failures it can survive per RAIDZ VDEV.
You could boot from media to see if this pool will import. The state of the boot devices should
not determine the health of this pool. In most cases, if the devices are AVAIL, you can import
a ZFS storage pool on any system that supports its version.
Thanks,
Cindy
2. Re: importing degraded raid-z2 array?Cindys-Oracle Sep 26, 2012 3:01 PM (in response to Cindys-Oracle)Sorry. Duh. I see its a RAIDZ2, which is has a better survival rate than RAIDZ1, but it will still
depend on how many devices and which VDEVs were impacted.
Thanks, Cindy
3. Re: importing degraded raid-z2 array?904867 Sep 26, 2012 5:15 PM (in response to Cindys-Oracle)Hi. Thanks for the information. All the drives are off-line at the moment. It's 6 disk (identical 1tb disks) raidz2 pool. I just want to make sure if I understand you correctly when you said how long the devices were unavailable matters in the survivability. As long as all the member drives are off line, the pool shouldn't degrade further correct? It's going to take me at least a week to put everything back together. Just in case the pool is in faulted state, would trying to repair the dead member drives and putting them back online help? The dead drives seem repairable since it's likely electronic failure only. Thank you very much.
4. Re: importing degraded raid-z2 array?Cindys-Oracle Sep 26, 2012 6:21 PM (in response to 904867)It is difficult to predict power failures on devices. I've seen bad things happen.
Yes, if you bring all the devices back online and they are cabled and seated
similarly to their previous configuration, ZFS will have a better chance of reading
the devices and pool info, rather than also changing the h/w config when the
devices are replaced.
We had a pool go UNAVAIL last week after our lab manager detached the redundant
devices from a previously mirrored pool, because he wanted to make some changes
to detached LUNs. He accidentally offlined a live pool LUN for about 60 seconds.
The recovery was to reboot the system so that the device info and the pool info was
reread. The pool was back to AVAIL and only one 1 file was clobbered after several
pool scrubs. This file (script) was running when the LUN went UNAVAIL.
Thanks, Cindy
5. Re: importing degraded raid-z2 array?904867 Sep 27, 2012 4:45 PM (in response to 904867)Thank you very much for all your help. I just have one final question. How important is the original port positions of the drive? I forgot to save the drive positions out of panic after the failures unfortunately.
6. Re: importing degraded raid-z2 array?Cindys-Oracle Sep 27, 2012 5:51 PM (in response to 904867)ZFS is pretty good about finding the devices (based on their devids) regardless of how they are
plugged back (be sure to do this while the pool is still offline) and just try to put it back to the
original configuration as best as possible.
Rereading this thread, I see you still don't know whether you have enough healthy drives to
import this pool so that will be key first step after you get everything back together.
Thanks, Cindy | https://community.oracle.com/message/10605285 | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | refinedweb | 765 | 73.47 |
Question 6 :
What does Dispose method do with the connection object?
Deletes it from the memory.
Question 7 :
How do you generate documentation from the C# file commented properly with a command-line compiler?
Compile it with a /doc switch.
Question 8 :
When you inherit a protected class-level variable, who is it available to?
Classes in the same namespace.
Question 9 :]); The base class libraries also offer ways to do this with the Convert class or Encoding classes if you need a particular encoding.
Question 10 :
Is there an equivalent to the instanceof operator in Visual J++?
C# has the is operator:
expr is type | http://www.indiaparinam.com/c-sharp-programming-language-question-answer-c-sharp-interview-questions/set-8/page1 | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | refinedweb | 106 | 59.7 |
fall 0.0.1: fall: ^0.0.1
2. Install it
You can install packages from the command line:
with pub:
$ pub get
Alternatively, your editor might support
pub get.
Check the docs for your editor to learn more.
3. Import it
Now in your Dart code, you can use:
import 'package:fall/name_applier.dart';
We analyzed this package on Nov 7, 2019, and provided a score, details, and suggestions below. Analysis was completed with status completed using:
- Dart: 2.6.0
-
fall.dart. Packages with multiple examples should provide
example/README.md.
For more information see the pub package layout conventions. | https://pub.dev/packages/fall | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | refinedweb | 102 | 60.01 |
Here's a program that includes some comments. One way of putting a comment in a Java program is in red, the other way is in green:
/* Hello.javaThe /* marks the start of the first comment. The compiler sees the /* and ignores everything it sees until it gets to the */. Other text could have been on the same line as the */, it doesn't have to be on its own line. The compiler would ignore any text that appears before the */, and read anything that comes after.
A really simple program that prints the word hello.
This program is a console, or command-line program.
*/
// Written 18 June 2008
public class Hello{
public static void main(String arg[]){
System.out.println("Hello");
} // End of main()
} // End of Hello
A comment that starts with a /* and ends with a */ is called a multi-line comment. It can go across multiple lines easily. It can all be on one line, though--it doesn't have to be split across multiple lines:
/* This is a perfectly OK comment. */
The second type of comment starts with a //. When the compiler sees a // it ignores everything that follows up until the end of that line. As soon as it reaches the end of the line, it starts reading again.
In the example program, I've got a line with the date the program was written that uses the //, and I've used it at the closing curly braces for each block in the program to add comments there about which program block is being closed.
Just to make sure I'm clear here, I want to point out that there's nothing magic about what's in these comments. They don't affect the program. The comment that reads // End of main() could just as well read // Arfn Snuglhoffer. The computer doesn't care. I just wrote "End of main()" to let me know that the closing curly brace the comment is next to closes the main() method of Hello, so I don't get it confused with any other closing curly braces. | http://beginwithjava.blogspot.com/2008/06/comments.html | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | refinedweb | 348 | 80.92 |
Hello community,
I'm following a tutorial series on youtube. I have got the following two errors:Error: } expected, on this line: public Type Type = { private set; get; }.I also have this error:Error: A namespace cannot directly contain members such as fields or methods for this function:
Error: } expected
public Type Type = { private set; get; }
Error: A namespace cannot directly contain members such as fields or methods
public T Load(string path) {
T instance;
using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(path)) {
XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(type);
instance = (T)xml.Deserialize(reader);
}
return instance;
}
I'm using these namespaces:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic; <-- Unnecessary, according to MonoDevelop
using System.Linq; <-- Unnecessary, according to MonoDevelop
using System.Text; <-- Unnecessary, according to MonoDevelop
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.IO;
If you need any extra information, tell me.
Are you using linux ?Did you install monogame ?Did you select a monogame template ?
I also have this error:Error: A namespace cannot directly contain members such as fields or methods for this function:
In c# we have namespaces within these name spaces we build our classes.
namespace MyVideoGame
{
public class MyGamesMain
{
public int someVariable = 0;
public void SomeMethod(){}
}
public class MyHelperClass
{
...
}
}
Methods and variables must be declared and called within a class not a namespace.
namespace MyVideoGame
{
// !!! Error !!! methods cannot be declared within the scope of a namespace.
public void SomeMethod(){}
}
using System.Collections.Generic; <-- Unnecessary, according to MonoDevelopusing System.Linq; <-- Unnecessary, according to MonoDevelopusing System.Text; <-- Unnecessary, according to MonoDevelop
Don't worry about this warning, the compiler knows and wont link them in.
Namespaces are C# and other languages like java's way of preventing name mangling.It allows them to avoid the need to use headers and avoids clashes between name alaising.
These namespaces are very commonly used so they are left in for convienience.e.g. Text has classes such as stringbuilder Generics has containers such as List ect.Linq lets you use a lot of extra extension methods and linq expressions ect ect.
It looks like your method needs to take a type parameter so you know what you're loading: Load<T>
Load<T>
Hi,
For @willmotil Yes, I'm using Linux. It's not a console application, and I've installed MonoGame. I have not selected a MonoGame template though.
Both my method and the variable Type are declared in a class called XmlManager, which is in a namespace called CMETutorialRPG. When I hover over { private set, which has red squiggly lines underneath, it says Error: } expected. I don't know what to do here though. I'm fairly new to C#, so I don't know too much about it.
namespace
{ private set
For @jnoyolaDoes it become public T Load<T>(string path) then? Because when I just do public Load<T>(string path) it is giving me a whole bunch of other errors...
public T Load<T>(string path)
public Load<T>(string path)
Get must come before set.EDIT: Oh, just tried this and apparently not I guess that's just convention then.
Yes, every method except for constructors (and destructors) need a return type. Since you're returning something of type T, the return type is T.
Yes, the first one. The <T> tells the method that it changes depending on the type, and the T before the method denotes that it also returns an instance of that dynamic type.
<T>
T
Here's the code for the whole file:. Maybe it's of any use?
Regarding this, you can't put an = sign there. If you want to initialize to a default value, you can put it after the getter and setter e.g. int MyInt { get; set; } = 5;.
=
int MyInt { get; set; } = 5;
It's working now! I've updated the Pastebin code. The <T> at the Method wasn't necessary.
edit: late post was just about to tell him to post the example lol..... | http://community.monogame.net/t/different-errors/10519/10 | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | refinedweb | 656 | 58.99 |
Buy this book at Amazon.com
Code examples from this chapter are available from.
time.minute = 59
time.second = 30
The state diagram for the Time object looks like Figure 16.1.
Write a function called print_time that takes a
Time object and prints it in the form hour:minute:second.
Hint: the format sequence '%.2d' prints an integer using
at least two digits, including a leading zero if necessary.
print_time
'%.2d'
Write a boolean function called is_after that
takes two Time objects, t1 and t2, and
returns True if t1 follows t2 chronologically and
False otherwise. Challenge: don’t use an if statement.
is_after
Figure 16.1: Object diagram.
In the next few sections, we’ll write two functions that add time
values. They demonstrate two kinds of functions: pure functions and
modifiers. They also demonstrate a development plan I’ll call prototype and patch, which is a way of tackling a complex problem
by starting with a simple prototype and incrementally dealing with the
complications.
Here is a simple prototype of add_time:
add_time
def add_time(t1, t2):
sum = Time()
sum.hour = t1.hour + t2.hour
sum.minute = t1.minute + t2.minute
sum.second = t1.second + t2.second
return sum
The function creates a new Time object, initializes its
attributes, and returns a reference to the new object. This is called
a pure function because it does not modify any of the objects
passed to it as arguments and it has no effect,
like displaying a value or getting user input,
other than returning a value.
To test this function, I’ll create two Time objects: start
contains the start time of a movie, like Monty Python and the
Holy Grail, and duration contains the run time of the movie,
which is one hour 35 minutes.
add_time figures out when the movie will be done.
>>> start = Time()
>>> start.hour = 9
>>> start.minute = 45
>>> start.second = 0
>>> duration = Time()
>>> duration.hour = 1
>>> duration.minute = 35
>>> duration.second = 0
>>> done = add_time(start, duration)
>>> print_time(done)
10:80:00
The result, 10:80:00 might not be what you were hoping
for. The problem is that this function does not deal with cases where the
number of seconds or minutes adds up to more than sixty. When that
happens, we have to “carry” the extra seconds into the minute column
or the extra minutes into the hour column.
Here’s an improved version:
def add_time(t1, t2):
sum = Time()
sum.hour = t1.hour + t2.hour
sum.minute = t1.minute + t2.minute
sum.second = t1.second + t2.second
if sum.second >= 60:
sum.second -= 60
sum.minute += 1
if sum.minute >= 60:
sum.minute -= 60
sum.hour += 1
return sum
Although this function is correct, it is starting to get big.
We will see a shorter alternative later.
Sometimes it is useful for a function to modify the objects it gets as
parameters. In that case, the changes are visible to the caller.
Functions that work this way are called modifiers.
increment, which adds a given number of seconds to a Time
object, can be written naturally as a
modifier. Here is a rough draft:
def increment(time, seconds):
time.second += seconds
if time.second >= 60:
time.second -= 60
time.minute += 1
if time.minute >= 60:
time.minute -= 60
time.hour += time.second is less than sixty.
One solution is to replace the if statements with while
statements. That would make the function correct, but not
very efficient.
Write a correct version of increment that
doesn’t contain any loops.
Anything that can be done with modifiers can also be done with pure
functions. In fact, some programming languages only allow pure
functions. There is some evidence that programs that use pure
functions are faster to develop and less error-prone than programs
that use modifiers. But modifiers are convenient at times,
and functional programs tend to be less efficient.
In general, I recommend that you write pure functions whenever it is
reasonable and resort to modifiers only if there is a compelling
advantage. This approach might be called a functional
programming style.
Write a “pure” version of increment that creates and returns
a new Time object rather than modifying the parameter..
time_to_int(int_to_time(x)) == x
Once you are convinced they are correct, you can use them to
rewrite add_time:
def add_time(t1, t2):
seconds = time_to_int(t1) + time_to_int(t2)
return int_to_time(seconds)
This version is shorter than the original, and easier to verify.
Rewrite increment using time_to_int and int_to_time.
time_to:
valid_time.
Code examples from this chapter are available from; solutions to these
exercises are available from.
Write a function called mul_time that takes a Time object
and a number and returns a new Time object that contains
the product of the original Time and the number.
mul_time
Then use mul_time to write a function that takes a Time
object that represents the finishing time in a race, and a number
that represents the distance, and returns a Time object that represents
the average pace (time per mile).
The datetime module provides date and time objects
that are similar to the Date and Time objects in this chapter, but
they provide a rich set of methods and operators. Read the
documentation at.
Think Bayes
Think Python
Think Stats
Think Complexity | http://greenteapress.com/thinkpython/html/thinkpython017.html | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | refinedweb | 876 | 67.65 |
You can use Python in two ways:
ipythonin a terminal, and gie this file to interpret to Python. Here is how:
New Filein the Editor and enter the following text:
import turtle turtle.circle(50):
You can learn more about Turtle graphics by reading the documentation at
there exist a third approach which combines interactivity and persistence — the
ipython notebook. Like Mathematica, handy for numerical processing.
Create a script
hello.py in the editor, save it and run it on the command-line:
name = raw_input('What is your name?') print('Hello ' + name + '!')
Concepts: string constant, variable (name), affectation, string concatenation with ‘+’
. . .
# multiplication by successive addition a, b = 10, 5 sum = 0 while (a > 0): sum = sum + b a = a - 1 print(sum)
Concepts: multiple affectation, modifying a variable, while loop, indentation for blocks,
Do the following in interactive mode (ipython):
type(10) type(10.5) type('bonjour') a = 20 type(a)
Concept: types
print(10 + 5) print("10" + "5") print("10" + 5)
10 is an integer, 10.0 is a float, “10” is a string. It is possible to convert from one type to another:
print('Il y a ' + str(10) + ' ans...') print(int("10"))
. . .
num = raw_input('entrez en nombre') print(num)
Question:
num est-il un nombre ou une chaîne de caractères?
Exercices: faire les exercices 2.3 et 2.4 de How to think like a computer scientist?
type([1, 2, 3]) type(['a', 'b', 'c'])
. . .
seq1 = ['jean', 'marie', 'paul'] seq1[0] seq1[1] seq1[2]
. . .
dico = {'windows':0, 'macos':0, 'linux':1} type(dico) dico['windows'] dico['macos'] dico['linux']
for x in [1, 2, 3, 4]: print(x*x + 2*x + 1)
Concept: for loop
. . .
numbers = [1, 2, 5, 10] y = [(x*x + 2*x + 1) for x in numbers] y
concept: lists (or sequences)
See
. . .
for _ in range(100): print('All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy')
Concepts: range to generate a list of numbers, ‘for’ loop, indentation of instuction block
. . .
for name in ('Jack', 'John', 'Tim'): for _ in range(10): print('All work and no play makes ' + name + ' a dull boy!')
Concepts: list of strings, double imbrication
Exercice: write a program that computes the sum of the first n integers (1+2+…+n)
. . .
n = 100 for i in range(1, n+1) sum = sum + i print(sum)
. . .
Type this program in a text editor, save it as a Python script (with extension .py) and run it.
# guess a number import random target = random.randint(1, 100) print("I am thinking about a number between 1 and 100") guess = raw_input("Your guess? ") while guess != target: if guess < target: print("Too low!") else: print("Tow high!") guess = raw_input("Your guess? ") print("You win! The number was indeed " + target)
A program typically consists in a series of instructions (aka commands). The main types of instructions are:
a = <expression> a, b = <expression1>, <expression2>
Examples:
a = 24 + 56 b = 'bonjour' c = ['aga', 'bobo', 'glop'] x, y = 100, 200
An expression is a valid formula containing constants, variables, operators and function calls.
Example of expressions
2 ** (5 + 3) 'alpha' + '\t' + 'beta' a < b 0b10010 & 0b10 math.sin(10)
For a description of Python
<functionname>(<expression1>, <expression2>, ...). object.functname(<expressins1>, ...)
Examples:
print('bonjour') bin(10) c = ['aga', 'bobo', 'glop'] c.pop()
Note that a function can perform some action and return a value, some only return a value.
if expression: bloc_instructions else: bloc_instructions while expression: bloc_instructions for variable in sequence: bloc_instructions
Examples:
response = 'no' if response == 'ok': print 'accepted' else: print 'rejected'
n = 0 while n < 10: n = n + 1 print n
def <funcname>(list of parameters): bloc_instructions
Examples:
def max(a, b): if a > b: return a else: return b
import <module_name> from <module_name> import <function_name>
Examples:
from math import sin, pi print(sin(pi/2))
import turtle turtle.circle(50) turtle.forward(100) turtle.circle(50)
Variables are names that point to objects in memory
An environment is a mapping of variables names to memory locations.
An expression is always evaluated in a environment.
When calling a function, a new environment is created which links the value of parameters to the local variables.
a = 3 b = a print a, b a = 4 # a points to a new object print a, b
a = [1, 2, 3] b = a # points to the same object (a list) c = a[:] # makes a copy a[0] = 10 print a, b, c | http://www.pallier.org/lectures/AIP2015/04_Python_in_a_nutshell/Python_in_a_nutshell-doc.html | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | refinedweb | 732 | 63.8 |
Static Types in EmberJs?
So you’ve decided to add Typescript to your Ember project. You’ve heard all about the benefits of Static Typing and how it will deliver a more maintainable codebase than plain ol’ javascript (couldn’t be that hard right?).
Well before you dive in head first there are a few points I’d recommend you consider. After all, this is a change to your underlying programming language (yes I know it’s a superset and more on that later) so some pros and cons are to be expected. But to start of positive, let’s look at some of the upsides first.
Note I will not be discussing Classes or decorators much in this doc, if you want an intro to them I highly recommend this post by pzuraq.
The Good
The Benefits of Static Typing
This is now my favourite meme ever
Probably the most talked about feature of Typescript is its Static Types which we can use to specify the type of value we expect from a paramter/variable. This in turn gives the Typescript compiler the ability to catch common errors in the compile step, reducing the number of bugs that make it to production.
An example of this would be parsing some data structure. Let’s say we are parsing an error but that the error can take a number of shapes. It can be a string or an object containing a list of strings. A potential solution might look something like this:
function getAllErrors(error = {}) { if (typeof error === 'string') return [error]; if (typeof error === 'object') return error.errors; return []; }
This looks good at first glance, we take in an error, check it’s types and if it matches what we want we return it, otherwise we return an empty list. However there is an bug here, if
error is passed as
null it will fail the first
if statement but pass the later.
because of course
typeof null === 'object'….
Obviously that is not what we want. Luckily Static Typing will catch this error. Let’s start by writing the types (something you should always do first).
type ErrorMessage = string; interface Error { errors: Array<ErrorMessage> } type PotentialError = any | ErrorMessage | Error;
Ok now we have a good idea what the shape of our data structures will be and we can express the intent of our function more clearly.
function getAllErrors(error: PotentialError): Array<ErrorMessage> { if (isErrorMessage(error)) return [error]; if (isError(error)) return error.errors; return []; }
Much nicer! But wait! What are those new functions?
isErrorMessage and
isError? Well those are type guards. They allow you to tell the typescript compiler what type is being returned. So for instance the
isError type guard could look like this:
function isError(error: PotentialError): error is Error { return 'errors' in error; }
And now that the compiler knows the type of the error, if we tried to change the return statement to return a parameter not in the
Error interface or return the first index of
errors.errors like below our compiler will tell us.
if (isError(error)) return error.errors[0]; // ^ // | // Type string is not assignable to type string[]
This is a big win for maintainability because we know exactly what to expect from functions we have written and more importantly ones we didn't.
Documentation
Notice as well how clear the implementation of our example function is now. Previously, since this is a utility function meant for usage throughout the application, I would have written a set of comments like the following:
/* @method getAllErrors/1 * @return List(Object) * * If it is a simple error (a * string) then that will be returned as * the expected return type. * * If a list of errors are found within * the object they will be returned. * * If it is not a string or an object we * will return an empty list. */ function getAllErrors(error = {}) { if (typeof error === 'string') return [error]; if (typeof error === 'object') return error.errors; return []; }
As the application becomes more complex I would consider this type of information to be the bare minimum required (more on that in a minute). Knowing the return types and the types of parameter a function accepts will let us both avoid issues when using the function and create a clear boundary within which we can refactor the function itself.
Now if we consider the same Typescript code, it’s obvious these comments are no longer required.
function getAllErrors(error: PotentialError): Array<ErrorMessage> {
More than that these types will have to stay up to date as we refactor (a big problem with regular comments) and they will give us extra information through compiler warnings and editor tools. I did say this was the bar minimum information required though so I will touch on that briefly.
Typescript gives us the types to answer the what of a function but not the why. For very simple functions just the name of the function is enough but sometimes a function will be quite complex, have a limited scope or have side effects. These things should still be recorded within the functions documentation. Otherwise we can’t know when to use a function or more importantly when not too.
In the case where documentation is still required (the why of a function is complex) the Typescript eco-system provides TsDoc. This is a standard way of writing documentation that also works with tooling such as the vscode editor.
Tooling
Another benefit of Typescript is its excellent editor integration, especially with VsCode where it offers intellisense, tools for refactoring, debugging, linting, documentation and formatting. All of these things will be surfaced by your editor and the compiler.
For Vim users check out tsuquyomi to get a similar set of tools
A Superset
Maybe Typescripts biggest feature and without question one of the biggest reasons for its growth. It’s a superset of javascript, which means that any javascript is also valid typescript. This makes becoming a typescript developer as easy as re-naming your
.js files to
.ts.
From there you can gradually type more and more of the code and make the compiler stricter until your whole codebase (or whatever amount you want) is fully written with Typescript in mind. This is huge for existing projects that don’t want to start all over again but still want the benefits of a typed language.
Note you will need to configure some sort of build pipeline but I’m considering that as separate
The Bad
Breaking Changes
Unfortunately Typescript does not strictly follow semver, something we take for granted within the Ember eco-system. Due to marketing pressure breaking changes are introduced through minor versions, though they do maintain some semblance of semver after that. A helpful diagram/comment from niieani shows how we should approach this.
marketing ∨ TypeScript 2.34.2.1 ∧∧ ∧ ∧ major ∧ patch ∧ minor
This is a problem in an eco-system that expects things to follow server and not make breaking changes on minor releases. But it surfaces a bigger problem. Besides Ember itself (though this applies to all frameworks), Typescript has the potential to require the largest refactors of your codebase.
Although unlikely, any fundamental changes to Typescript will have a knock on effect to your codebase and potentially a large swath of it. This makes the lack of semver even more concerning and is something that must be considered carefully before diving straight in.
Conventions & Expertise
Another consideration which I think is often glossed over is conventions and the expertise of your team. Sure Typescript is a super set of javascript but that doesn’t mean your team is positioned to take advantage of that. For instance, a question that arises from our previous example.
Should the types we declared above exist within a global types file?
How would you answer this question? I can definitely see the
PotentialError type being used elsewhere in the application and Typescript offers us a way of declaring a global type within a project.
It sounds reasonable and useful, however my answer would be:
No. They are too specific, any global
Errortype would have to be far more generic. These types are specific to the structures expected by the functions within the file. At best they could be some sub-type of a broader type within the global types namespace.
I am lucky to have worked with a variety of different languages and frameworks from early in my career that includes both typed and non-typed languages. But not all teams have that kind of experience and coming from a Javascript background it will be important to make sure your team has the expertise they need to make the right decisions. Otherwise you can create one hell of a mess.
Missing Typings
Unfortunately not every library comes with a set of types fresh out of the oven. As a result you may run into issues where common libraries don’t have types. “Sure no problem, it’s a superset, it will still work” I hear you say.
While true the Typescript compiler & tools are able to strut their stuff best when the configuration is stricter. This will lead to errors & warnings when attempting to compile code that does not have types or at the least no type safety, which kind of defeats the point.
Now there are great projects such as DefinitelyTyped which provides a huge library of type definitions but even then common libraries such as ember-concurrency and Ember Data Storefront do not have types. This means either adding your own types though a
.d.ts (a type definitions file) or compromising on the type safety you are supposed to rely on.
Transitioning To Typescript
So you’ve got this far and you’re undeterred, well then let’s outline a simple method of transitioning your existing Ember application to use Typescript.
Firstly we will install the excellent project
ember-cli-typescript which will take care of building & converting our typescript files for us. This is the simplest way of setting up Typescript but it does have limitations that we should be aware of.
As for typing the application itself Mike North recommends the following steps:
- Start with allowing implicit
anysand just rename all
.jsfiles to
.ts
- Add as much type info as possible without going into detail. Opt for explicit
any. Ban implicit
any
- Go into detail at certain, commonly used, modules (services, models etc)
By following these steps we can convert our whole application to typescript without interfering with other members of the team or preventing feature work.
And there you have it, Typescript in Ember with minimum fuss!
Discussion | https://dev.to/jamesbyrne/static-types-in-emberjs-26b7 | CC-MAIN-2020-50 | refinedweb | 1,768 | 61.06 |
Tree shake Lodash with Webpack, Jest and Typescript
So recently, I’ve started to do payload optimizations within one of our large web apps at work. During that process, I came across very serious issue, well, with lodash while achieving to have everything running smoothly ( tree shaking, jest unit tests and correct type definitions )
I had 3 goals:
- production bundle with just those lodash functions, that are used ( not the whole library )
- typescript valid code without errors ( correct lodash typings )
- all tests passing
Our stack used at that particular project is following:
- preact + preact-compat ( renderer )
- redux + redux-observable + rx ( state management )
- axios ( http req/res )
- typescript 2.x ( for both type checking and transpiling to ES5)
- webpack 2.x ( for bundling )
- jest 20.x + ts-jest ( unit testing + snapshots )
- lodash 4.x ( just few functions for some functionality )
- and some other 3rd party libs…
Backstory
Webpack is ES2015 modules aware, so we are not transpiling
import/export to ES5. This is achieved by having
tsconfig.json config like this:
{ module: es2015, target: es5 }
Lodash doesn’t ship with types unfortunately, so we have to install them from npm, via
yarn add -D @types/lodash
With this setup, we have now lodash ready to go in our typed javascript. yasss!
Okay, so let’s say, we wanna leverage
_.get for obtaining values by path, from complicated object ( if you’re doing this often === sign of code smell that your data are badly structured ).
Let’s look at some example from our codebase
Note: following example is highly contrived, just for demonstration purposes of using lodash.
import { get } from 'lodash'import { usersService } from '../core'const main = () => {
userService
.getAll()
.then(data => get(data.response,'[3].address.zip'))
.then(userZip => dispatch(userZipReceived(userZip))
}main()
Now when we run
webpack --env.prod for creating production minified and tree shaked bundle, there is some huge discrepancy.
130kb of minified lodash in your bundle ( WHAT?! ) just for using one function from the library…
In theses situations I like to use a very accurate phrase coined by Martin Probst from angular team used during chaotic angular 2 RC release phase:
OH NO! PANIC!
Keep calm yo, there is a solution for sure! lodash-es ! oh is it?
Okay so
yarn add lodash-es && yarn add -D @types/lodash-es
lodash-es stands for, you guess it, es2015 modules aware lodash, so now, there is nothing in our/webpack way to get proper tree shaking!
Let’s run build and profile our bundle with webpack-bundle-analyzer
OH NO PANIC #2! SAME HUGE SIZE !
So can I tree shake lodash or what ???
Let’s say there are multiple solutions…. huh… multiple you say?!
there are 3 solutions…
Solution 1 ( non feasible for our use-case )
After little googling you will find this issue which will tell you that you have to use
babel-plugin-lodash for some magic transformation under the hood. Easy right?
Oh wait we are not using babel, so let’s modify our build pipeline by introducing all babel dependencies and plugins for transpilation and use typescript for type checking ( yes you can do just that ), and you are good to go.
Ofc, don’t remember to update your jest configuration appropriately cowboy!
Sad Truth ( for lodash users ):
Without using
babel and
babel-plugin-lodash there is currently no way how to tree shake lodash, if you wanna use concise import without subpaths =>
import { get } from 'lodash-es'
Solution 2 ( no babel )
Use subpath imports from lodash with Typescript
install
lodash, @types/lodash, @types/lodash-es
Just use
import get from 'lodash/get' and you’re good to go!
Whoops not so easy cowboy !
You will get TS errors and your test will start to fail like this:
Why errors ?
→ TS errors:
bad subpath typings provided by
@types/lodash
→ Test errors:
ts-jest transforms our TS code to ES5 + commojs module format for Jest, so
import get from 'lodash/get' is transiled to commonjs style with
default property, which of course, doesn’t exist within lodash source ( there is just
module.exports = get .
How to solve this ?
Solution is quite easy, you need to add following config to tsconfig.json:
{
"allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, "baseUrl": ".",
"typeRoots": [
"node_modules/@types",
"manual_typings"
],
"paths": {
"lodash/*": [
"node_modules/@types/lodash-es/*"
],
},}
- “typeRoots” && “paths”:
by using typeRoots we are telling Typescript compiler to look to different folders for 3rd party typings. By default TS looks for types at node_modules/@types.
paths are used for explicitly overriding path resolution algorithm. In our case we are overriding lodash module path to lodash-es which has correct subpath Type definitions. Note that you have to use “baseUrl” when using path
- “allowSyntheticDefaultImports”: true Allow default imports from modules with no default export.
Result:
tree shaked lodash in production bundle
Solution 3 ( no babel )
Use subpath imports from lodash-es with Typescript
install
lodash-es, @types/lodash-es
Just use
import get from 'lodash-es/get' and you’re good to go!
Whoops not so easy cowboy ! ( huh Deja vu ? )
This time no TS errors, nice!
but your test will start to fail like this:
Why errors ?
→ Test errors:
We are now using lodash-es which uses ES2015 modules. Jest by default doesn’t apply transformers to any node_modules package for performance reasons, so yeah
import really isn’t commonjs or valid ES5 code.
How to solve this ?
We need to transpile lodash-es source code explicitly in jest and enable vanilla JS files transpilation by typescript
jest.config.json:
"transform": {"^.+\\.(j|t)sx?$": "<rootDir>/node_modules/ts-jest/preprocessor.js",},"transformIgnorePatterns": [
"<rootDir>/node_modules/(?!lodash-es/.*)"
],
- ^.+\\.(j|t)sx?$
We have to transpile also .js files not just Typescript
We have to white list lodash-es within
transformIgnorePatterns
We have now setup jest, last thing to do is to tell Typescript to transpile
.js files
tsconfig.json: — no excessive hacks and overrides like in previous solution. LGTM !
{
"allowJs": true
}
Result:
tree shaked lodash in production bundle
lodash size ( non gzipped ) in our prod bundle ~= 30kb which is 100kb less than before! We are done here!
Takeaways:
- We ended up using solution #3( although on bundle-analyzer it looks like that solution #2 has smaller footprint, but with solution 3 our final vendor bundle is 20kB smaller ). Also we prefer to use es2015 ready modules for further optimizations and another benefit is that we don’t have to hack types.
- Jest is freakin’ awesome!, but! you have to always double config stuff (webpack and jest ) which feels MEH ( now you need to hire both webpack config senior developer and jest config senior dev :D )
- Always remember that when you consume npm package which has “module” field -> webpack understands that, but if the package is missing proper UMD/commonjs you will have to transpile it as well within Jest
- 3rd party types are not always excellent ( also DefinitelyTyped type versions doesn’t always match with used library version, so you’ve absolutely no guarantees, that you have actual and correct types for your particular version of 3rd party package => for that reason I always prefer 3rd party libs that are written in Typescript or ship type definitions directly. In edge cases you can modify/create custom types and use technique that was introduced in Solution 2)
- Have to solve all this issues in 2017, feels like a huge tax payed for using only few lodash functions. I’ll probably use other, tree shake ready and more functional solution on next project ( yup I’m looking at you Ramda ! )
YES I KNOW: lodash/fp is solution as well, but there are absolutely no type definitions for that currently ( June 2017 ), so a no go for me and my team
Hope this will be useful for anyone who may struggle with similar problem now or in the future.
Happy hunting and may the force be with you folks! Cheers!
UPDATE August 2017:
Webpack ( Tobias Koppers ) is rockin’ hard and with the new pure-module feature, lodash will be tree-shake able by default, so no sub paths import will be needed.
→
import {get,pick} from 'lodash-es' will just work! more info :
UPDATE January 2019:
TypeScript added esModuleInterop which properly resolves non standard default imports, which acts similarly like babel. Also ts-jest went through various changes, so the ultimate solution is now much easier than before ❤️:
// install lodash (both commonjs nad es2015 modules) with types
yarn add lodash-es
// commonjs lodash will be used for tests
yarn add -D lodash @types/lodash-es
// jest.config.jsconst config = {
preset: 'ts-jest',
moduleNameMapper: {
// we'll use commonjs version of lodash for tests 👌
// because we don't need to use any kind of tree shaking right?!
'^lodash-es$': '<rootDir>/node_modules/lodash/index.js'
},
}
// tsconfig.json
{
compilerOptions: {
// other config settings
"esModuleInterop": true,
// no allowJs needed 💥🚨👌
}
}
Now following works as expected:
import {get,pick} from 'lodash-es' | https://medium.com/@martin_hotell/tree-shake-lodash-with-webpack-jest-and-typescript-2734fa13b5cd | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | refinedweb | 1,470 | 51.68 |
In C# instead of breaking the complete loop, if we want to skip a iteration based on a condition then we can use
continue statement.
Continue statement, will skip all the code statements if a condition is true for a particular loop iteration.
So,
continue statement causes all remaining code statements in a loop to be skipped, and execution returns to the top of the loop.
Syntax
continue;
Example:
using System; public class ContinueForProgram { public static void Main() { for(int i=1; i <= 5; i++) { if(i==4) { //value of i =4 is not printed, and next loop is executed continue; } Console.WriteLine("End of loop number "+i+" for i"); } } }
Output:
End of loop number 1 for i End of loop number 2 for i End of loop number 3 for i End of loop number 5 for i
As you can see in the above code, when value of i was 4, nothing was printed and code executed next iteration of loop.
For the while and do-while loops,
continue statement causes the program control passes to the conditional tests.
Example, for printing even numbers less than 20
using System; public class ContinueWhile { public static void Main() { int i = 1; while (i < 20) { i++; //check if value is not equal to 1,3,5 etc then continue for next loop if ((i % 2) != 0) { continue; } Console.WriteLine ("i = " + i); } } }
Output:
i = 2 i = 4 i = 6 i = 8 i = 10 i = 12 i = 14 i = 16 i = 18 i = 20 | https://qawithexperts.com/tutorial/c-sharp/18/c-sharp-continue-statement | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | refinedweb | 251 | 61.19 |
Thanks for this. It works great!
It seems to work fine in conjunction with HAL on my system, so if you want to leave HAL in your daemons for work without a windows manager, there doesn't seem to be an iussue with that other than an unnecessary drain on resources.
Lenovo Thinkpad T420; Intel sandy bridge i7 2.7GHz; integrated graphics card; 4GB RAM; wifi; Arch; Xmonad WM
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Of course the mount options can be changed and adapted to other choices of the user,
Where can I change them?
Edit: No matter, found it.
Last edited by Lockheed (2012-05-20 11:11:22)
Laptop: ThinkPad W500, C2D P9500, 8GB, Radeon RV635 (HD3650), Arch | Server/fw: Zotac AQ01, A4-5000 Kabini, 4GB, Arch/pfSense VM
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I rewrote the script in Python2 using the dbus interface to UDisks, instead of the 'udisks' command.
I intend to migrate to UDisks2 and the rewriting of the script is a first stage towards that end.
I read from 'API STABILITY' part:
udisks guarantees a stable D-Bus API within the same major version
...
The udisks developers do not anticipate breaking API but does reserve the right to do so
...).
So I chose to follow that advice and decided to use Python2 and the dbus-python package, instead of using the dbus-send command in bash.
I wanted to use a full scripting langage instead of a bash script.
Presently the 'traydevice' utility uses only UDisks, not UDisks2;
I posted a question/request at.
But I am not sure if traydevice is still maintained.
So I intend to either upgrade it to UDisks2 myself, or develop a new utility entirely from scratch.
I also would like to use Python3 if all the needed modules could be found.
But probably I will begin working with Python2 before.
Last edited by berbae (2012-06-05 15:45:11)
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I might be wrong, but I seem to remember that in one of the recent Arch update, udev has been removed and replaced with something else.
Laptop: ThinkPad W500, C2D P9500, 8GB, Radeon RV635 (HD3650), Arch | Server/fw: Zotac AQ01, A4-5000 Kabini, 4GB, Arch/pfSense VM
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Help grow the dev population... have your tech trained and certified!
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Since the last kernel update, I no longer get any USB disks automounted. Is this udisksvm related?
Laptop: ThinkPad W500, C2D P9500, 8GB, Radeon RV635 (HD3650), Arch | Server/fw: Zotac AQ01, A4-5000 Kabini, 4GB, Arch/pfSense VM
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There have been more than a few things broken with the latest kernel update. I am unable to build a few things in aur. And until things are stablized revolving around this, I am using spacfm as a workaround with udevil-git to automount and unmount my devices. spacefm has to be open, but it gets the job done for now.
Help grow the dev population... have your tech trained and certified!
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I am using spacfm as a workaround with udevil-git to automount and unmount my devices. spacefm has to be open, but it gets the job done for now.
I tried that but it doesn't work, neither. How did you make it work?
Laptop: ThinkPad W500, C2D P9500, 8GB, Radeon RV635 (HD3650), Arch | Server/fw: Zotac AQ01, A4-5000 Kabini, 4GB, Arch/pfSense VM
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Sorry for not replying before, I was working on porting udisksvm to UDisks2, which is now done with the udisksvm 2.0 release.
Here udisksvm works well after the latest updates, just as before:
linux 3.4.4-2
systemd-tools 185-4
libsystemd 185-4
dbus-core 1.6.2-2
dbus 1.6.2-1
consolekit 0.4.6-4
udisks2 1.94.0-2
I use it in openbox launched by startx with that line in .xinitrc:
exec ck-launch-session dbus-launch --exit-with-session openbox-session
From the README file:
"To see output and errors from the script, run it in a console without the
redirection to /dev/null;
to have more verbosity, run it with the '-d' or '--debug' option."
Give details, if there are problems.
Again the script works well here on my computer.
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Strangely enough, the automount works on stock linux kernel, but not on linux-pf.
Last edited by Lockheed (2012-07-08 21:24:53)
Laptop: ThinkPad W500, C2D P9500, 8GB, Radeon RV635 (HD3650), Arch | Server/fw: Zotac AQ01, A4-5000 Kabini, 4GB, Arch/pfSense VM
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Is there any possibility of adding a "Safe to remove device" notification? I have to sync manually before clicking the icon.
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Can you precise what file system type it is;
and confirm that you need to run the 'sync' command, before clicking to unmount the device, and you would like that to be done automatically.
It is not very clear to me in your post.
Doesn't unmounting force a sync already?
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Hello,
So after further inspection it seems udisksvm does indeed sync before unmounting. I have an NTFS formatted 8GB external USB drive with a 250mb projects directory that I copy to the drive everyday. The program appears to freeze while the sync is occurring and doesn't respond to commands. After the sync is finished, the usb unmounts and udisksvm responds to my clicks again. Perhaps there should be an indicator notifying the user that a sync is occurring? Like a tool-tip or a menu change?
Great utility by the way! It has worked great so far and is very solid. Thanks a lot!
demizer
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Thanks for your feedback, demizer.
The program appears to freeze while the sync is occurring and doesn't respond to commands. After the sync is finished, the usb unmounts and udisksvm responds to my clicks again.
This is because the synchronous communication mode is used to communicate with the UDisks DBus API:
when a method is called using 'call_sync', the script waits until it gets a reponse from DBus.
The 'ntfs-3g' driver is slow to sync your 250 MB directory (this is a known limitation with it), and the script waits until the 'ntfs-3g' driver finishes to sync, after a click on 'Unmount'.
I don't want to use an asynchronous mode, but I will see to add an option to show notifications in a future release.
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Udisksvm appears not to mount some devices, e.g mobile phones or SD cards (or maybe I am doing something wrong). When executed from the command line, it shows something like that:
$ udisksvm -------------------------------------------------- Automounting for non optical devices enabled -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Intenso_Basic_10011100031138 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb1 -------------------------------------------------- Automounting /dev/sdb1... Mounting done at mountpath: /run/media/noname/PENDRAK -------------------------------------------------- traydvm for /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb1 now running with pid : 18907 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/jobs/9 -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/jobs/9 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdc -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdc -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840 -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb1 -------------------------------------------------- traydvm for /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb1 now killed -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Intenso_Basic_10011100031138 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/jobs/10 -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/jobs/10 --------------------------------------------------
Here I've plugged two devices: A pendrive and a mobile phone (E75) with an SD card. The pendrive is mounted correctly and I am able to unmount it via the tray icon, however my Nokia phone is detected but I cannot get it mounted via udisksvm (it is not shown in /run/media/user and no tray icon appears). The same with some other devices like SD cards or my mp3 player (they are not mounted)
What is funny, udiskie mounts everything well... But it does not display tray icons.
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Can you please mount your Nokia phone using udiskie, and show me the output of the 'mount' command for it, in a console.
udisks2 detects:
-------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdc --------------------------------------------------
but there is not a sdc1 partition added for the automounting to be triggered; that's why there is no icon.
So I want to see how it is mounted by udiskie.
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/dev/sdb on /media/6A42-E81D type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0077,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,showexec,utf8,errors=remount-ro,uhelper=udisks)
Here is the line for my phone mounted by udiskie.
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Can I ask you to post the output of:
udisksctl info --block-device /dev/sdx
after plugin of the Nokia phone and udisksvm running (of course use the right dev path).
I need to see infos about partition and file system directly for /dev/sdx, rather than /dev/sdx1.
I have not integrate this case in the script, but with these infos I possibly should be able to add that.
I will not be able to try it here without the phone, though.
Thanks for helping.
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$ udisksctl info --block-device /dev/sdb /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb: org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Block: Configuration: [] CryptoBackingDevice: '/' Device: /dev/sdb DeviceNumber: 2064 Drive: '/org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840' HintAuto: true HintIconName: HintIgnore: false HintName: HintPartitionable: true HintSystem: false IdLabel: IdType: vfat IdUUID: 6A42-E81D IdUsage: filesystem IdVersion: FAT32 PreferredDevice: /dev/sdb ReadOnly: false Size: 4003463168 Symlinks: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Nokia_S60_359557013658840-0:0 /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.7-usb-0:2:1.0-scsi-0:0:0:0 /dev/disk/by-uuid/6A42-E81D org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Filesystem: MountPoints:
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So the output shows that there is not a 'org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Partition' interface, which I use for the automounting feature.
But as there is a 'org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Filesystem' interface, it should have printed the "Automounting /dev/sdb..." message;
but it doesn't appear in the udisksvm output you posted previously.
So to have a confirmation about the output, I need another action on your part, because I have not the phone here (sorry to ask you again).
Running in a console:
udisksvm --debug
plugging in the Nokia phone
plugging out it
posting the complete output on the screen or redirecting into a file.
Thanks for your contribution.
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sorry to ask you again
No problem
Here is what I've got:
-------------------------------------------------- Automounting for non optical devices enabled -------------------------------------------------- optical drive = /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Optiarc_DVD_RW_AD_7581S_30654810_1654655Q111 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840 -------------------------------------------------- Added : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb -------------------------------------------------- devicefile = /dev/sdb idtype = -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb -------------------------------------------------- traydvm for /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb is not running... -------------------------------------------------- Removed : /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840 -------------------------------------------------- traydvm for /org/freedesktop/UDisks2/drives/Nokia_S60_359557013658840 is not running... -------------------------------------------------- ***** signal 2 received ***** ---------------------- Bye! ----------------------
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From the outputs you provided, I think it will be difficult for me to solve that issue, because I would need to make many tests with the phone, which I don't have at hand.
The last output you posted show that, when the '/org/freedesktop/UDisks2/block_devices/sdb' is added, just after the plugging in, there is no value to the idtype property (ie 'vfat' doesn't appear) and there is no 'org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Filesystem' interface either yet.
But something changes after that, which is not detected through the signals I use in the script, because from your post #44 a value is present in the idtype property and the 'org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Filesystem' interface has also appeared after the 'added' signal.
To solve that I think I would have to use the "interface-proxy-properties-changed" signal which unhappily causes a memory problem with python.
When that problem with the signal in python will be fixed, I would be able to use it to detect the changes in properties after the block device is added.
I will continue to think about that and post again.
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From further tests and research, I think I could use the "interface-added" signal of the object manager to detect the appearance of the 'org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Filesystem' interface and so trigger the automounting from there.
But my Samsung player phone works perfectly with the present udisksvm: a /dev/sdb1 is added with a Filesystem interface and a Partition interface.
And so I cannot use it to test the new signal.
I need a contribution from someone with a phone which doesn't act as mine: ie doesn't add a /dev/sdb1 block device, but add a Filesystem interface to /dev/sdb without a Partition one.
So Hwiparam would you agree to try a testing version of udisksvm, before I can release it in AUR?
Or if someone with a mobile phone acting the same wants to contribute s/he is welcome.
Without such tests I could not be sure everything is ok with the new "interface-added" signal, and could not solve the problem and enhance the udisksvm script with automounting and systray icons for such mobile phones.
Thanks in advance.
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I released the 2.2 version to-day with the detection of Filesystem interface added to an already existent object.
It also permits the absence of a Partition interface in the object.
These changes are intended to solve the problem met by Hwiparam with the Nokia phone, as well as with possible devices acting in the same way.
I could not test this release with such a phone, which I don't have at hand.
But I release it nevertheless because I didn't see any problem with it, after testing it here with memory sticks, CD drives or my Samsung phone.
So there is no regression I could see.
But I would greatly appreciate if I could receive feedbacks from users with devices acting as Hwiparam's phone. Thanks for contributions.
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I am constrained to use python2 since the 3.3.0 python upgrade, because the gobject introspection scheme is broken with it.
I got errors:
Oct 17 17:11:30 arch64 kernel: udisksvm[2418]: segfault at 20 ip 00007f7ef3670e18 sp 00007fff10a22fd0 error 6 in _gobject.so[7f7ef3662000+1f000]
from the python-gobject 3.2.2-2 package with python 3.3.0.
But everything works with python2 and python2-gobject 3.2.2-2.
Happily the same scripts run under python2 without any changes in the writing and the syntax!
I just added:
from __future__ import print_function
at the beginning, for the 'print()' commands,
and of course replace 'python' with 'python2'.
So the scripts are still usable in python2.
Offline | https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1173636 | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | refinedweb | 2,411 | 63.39 |
Possible to implement LaTeX in Scene module?
Is there a way that I can get the Scene module to print a graphical LaTeX output, possibly as an image? My goal is to have Scene produce a few of these graphics so that they may be dragged around and have some interactivity. I have been exploring the SymPy and Matplotlib libraries, but it seems that both are concerned with printing to the console
I'm fairly new to both libraries, most of Python really.. I thought that I could possibly produce the graphic through Matplotlib, and have it available for Scene to draw, but I am struggling to execute such a approach. Thanks in advance!
If you can draw the LaTeX string in
matplotlib, there's a
savefigfunction that saves the plot to a png file, which you could read and display in the Scene
import matplotlib.mathtext as mt s=r'$\frac{A}{B} = C$' mt.math_to_image(s, 'test.png')
the second argument to math_to_image could also be a BytesIO, etc. | https://forum.omz-software.com/topic/2431/possible-to-implement-latex-in-scene-module | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | refinedweb | 171 | 70.23 |
This document explains the basic caching algorithm of Apache Cocoon.
The caching algorithm of Cocoon has a very flexible and powerful design.
The algorithms and components used are not hardcoded into the core of
Cocoon. They can be configured using Avalon components.
This document describes the components available for caching,
how they can be configured and how to implement your own cacheable components.
The algorithm used for caching depends on the event pipeline configured.
For more information about configuration see the chapter below.
The following subchapters describe the available caching algorithms.
The CachingEventPipelineuses a very easy but effective approach
to cache the event pipelines of a request: The pipeline process
is cached up to the most possible point.
Each sitemap component (generator or transformer) which might be
cacheable must implement the Cacheable interface. When the
event pipeline is processed each sitemap component starting with
the generator is asked if it implements this interface. This
test stops either when the first component does not implement
the Cacheable interface or when the first cacheable component is
currently not cacheable for any reasons (more about this in a moment).
The Cacheable interface declares a method generateKey()
which must produce a unique key for this sitemap component inside
the component space. For example the FileGenerator generates a hash
of.
generateKey()
If for any reason the sitemap component detects that the current request
is not cacheable it can simply return 0 as the key. This has
the same effect as not declaring the Cacheable interface.
0 generateValidity
is invoked. (If a cacheable component returns null it
is temporarily not cacheable, like returning 0 for the key.)
generateValidity
null
A CacheValidity object contains all information the component
needs to verify if the cached content is still valid. For example the
file generator stores the last modification date of the xml document parsed
in the validity object.
CacheValidity
When a response is cached all validity objects are stored together with
the cached response in the cache. Actually the CachedEventObject
is stored which encapsulates all this information.
CachedEventObject.
If you have the following pipeline:
Generator[type=file|src=a.xml] -> Transformer[type="xslt"|src=a.xsl] -> Serializer
The file generator is cacheable and generates a key which hashes the src
(or the filename) to build the key. The cache
validity object uses the last modification date of the xml file.
The xslt transformer is cacheable and generates a key which hashes
the filename to build the unique key. The cache validity object
uses the last modification date of the xml file.
Both keys are used to build a unique key for this pipeline,
the first time it is invoked its response is cached. The second time
this pipeline is called, the cached content is get from the cache.
If it is still valid, the cached content is directly feed into
the serializer.
Only part of the following pipeline is cached:
Generator[type=file|src=a.xml] -> Transformer[type="xslt"|src=a.xsl] -> Transformer[type=sql] -> Transformer[type="xslt"|src=b.xsl] -> Serializer
The sql transformer is not cacheable, so the caching algorithm stops
at this point although the last transformer is cacheable.
So the cached response is absolutely the same as in the first example
and therefore the unique key build from the two keys (from the
generator and the first transformer) is the same as in the first example.
The only difference is when the cached response is used. It is not
feed into the serializer but into the sql transformer..
The XMLByteStreamCompilercompiles sax events into a byte stream.
XMLByteStreamCompiler
The XMLByteStreamInterpreter is the counterpart of the
XMLByteStreamCompiler. It interprets the byte
stream and creates sax events.
XMLByteStreamInterpreter
The event cache contains the cached event pipelines (or the
CachedEventObject). It is another Avalon component which
can be configured. It is possible to use the memory as a cache,
or the file system or a combination of both etc. This depends on
the used/configured event cache.
The algorithm used for caching depends on the configured stream pipeline.
For more information about configuration see the chapter below.
The CachingStreamPipeline uses a very easy but effective approach
to cache the stream pipelines of a request: If the underlying
event stream and the serializer is cacheable the request is cached.
If a reader is used instead and it is cacheable, the response
is cached, too.
CachingStreamPipeline
An event pipeline is cacheable if it implements the CacheableEventPipeline
interface. It generates a unique key for this event pipeline
and delivers the cache validity objects. The current CachingEventPipeline
for example is cacheable if all sitemap components are cacheable,
this includes the generator and all transformers. The generated key
is build upon the returned keys of the sitemap components and
the validity objects are the collected validity objects from the
informs the CacheableEventPipeline by calling the
method setStreamPipelineCaches. The event pipeline
can now decide if it also wants to cache the response thus nearly
duplicating the cached contents.
CacheableEventPipeline
setStreamPipelineCaches
A serializer is cacheable if it implements the Cacheable interface.
In the case of a serializer the implementation is in most cases very
simple as a serializer often has no other input than the sax events. In
this case the key for this serializer can be a simple constant value
and the validity object is the NOPCacheValidity.
Cacheable
NOPCacheValidity
A reader is cacheable if it implements the Cacheable
interface.
When a response is cached all validity objects are stored together with
the cached response, which is actually a byte array, in the cache.
The CachedStreamObject encapsulates all this information.
CachedStreamObject
When a new response is generated and the key is build, the caching
algorithm collects all uptodate cache validity objects. So if the
cached response is found in the cache these validity objects are compared.
If they are valid (or equal) the cached response is used and directly
returned. If they are not valid any more the cached response is removed
from the cache, the new response is generated and then stored together with
the new validity objects in the cache.
The stream cache contains the cached stream pipelines (or the
CachedStreamObject). It is another
Avalon component which can be configured. It is possible to use
the memory as a cache, or the file system or a combination of both
etc. This depends on the used/configured event cache.
The caching of Cocoon can be completely configured by different Avalon
components. This chapter describes which roles must/can be changed
to tune up your Cocoon system.
The stream and the event pipeline are represented by two Avalon
components which can be configured in the cocoon.xconf:
<event-pipeline
<stream-pipeline
If you want to completely turn off caching, use the following
definitions:
<event-pipeline
<stream-pipeline.
The EventCache and the StreamCache are two Avalon components which
can be configured in the cocoon.xconf:
<event-cache
<stream-cache.
org.apache.cocoon.caching
org.apache.cocoon.components.pipeline
The org.apache.cocoon.util.HashUtil class provides some
methods for the BuzHash algorithm by Robert Uzgalis.
org.apache.cocoon.util.HashUtil
package org.apache.cocoon.util;
public class HashUtil {
public static long hash(String arg);
public static long hash(StringBuffer arg);
} | http://cocoon.apache.org/2.0/userdocs/concepts/caching.html | CC-MAIN-2015-18 | refinedweb | 1,194 | 56.35 |
We are about to switch to a new forum software. Until then we have removed the registration on this forum.
Hi everyone, I'm currently trying to use libusbjava as shown on this website, but I get an error, and can't manage to get it to work, since I'm not so experienced with raw Java... The thing is this example was made in 2009, and the library seems to have changed since that... when clicking "play", I get this error : "A library used by this sketch is not installed properly." and "A library relies on native code that's not available. Or only works properly when the sketch is run as a 32-bit application."
Here's my code for now :
import ch.ntb.inf.libusb.*; import ch.ntb.inf.libusb.exceptions.*; import ch.ntb.inf.libusb.test.*; Context ctx; Device dev; void setup() { noLoop(); } void draw() { println("Search Device:"); try { ctx = new Context(); } catch (LibusbException e) { println("Error occured: ctx"); e.printStackTrace(); } try { Device dev = Device.search(ctx, 0x0000, 0x0000); } catch (LibusbException e) { println("Error occured: search"); e.printStackTrace(); } }
Hope someone will be able to help me ! Thanks forward !
Answers
There is a new forum
Please ask there | https://forum.processing.org/two/discussion/28094/help-for-installing-libusbjava | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | refinedweb | 201 | 66.13 |
Cross Compiler Packages.
Blueprint information
- Status:
- Complete
- Approver:
- Alexander Sack
- Priority:
- Essential
- Drafter:
- Loïc Minier
- Direction:
- Needs approval
- Assignee:
- Marcin Juszkiewicz
- Definition:
- Approved
- Implementation:
Implemented
- Milestone target:
ubuntu-10.10-beta
- Started by
- Alexander Sack
- Completed by
- Steve Langasek
Whiteboard
[hrw 06 July 2010] Please do not remove work items without discussing it with me.
See https:/
Status:
Cross toolchain packages are on a way to Ubuntu archive.
Work Items:
import gcc-4.4/4.5 packaging in bzr: POSTPONED
extend binutils binary target to produce cross-compilers and drop binary-cross target: DONE
merge *-cross.mk rules in gcc-4.4/4.5: DONE
build binutils with -sysroot support: DONE
Work items (maverick-alpha3):
backport -sysroot changes from gcc-4.5 to gcc-4.4: DONE
Work items (ubuntu-
allow building intermediate stages for gcc: DONE
allow building intermediate stages for eglibc: DONE
allow building arm linux-headers from linux-source: DONE
change gcc-source package to provide .dsc/.diff/etc.: DONE
change binutils-source package to provide .dsc/.diff/etc.: DONE
change eglibc-source package to provide .dsc/.diff/etc.: DONE
change linux-source package to provide .dsc/.diff/etc.: DONE
create a cross-toolchain
replace dh_movefiles in gcc packaging: POSTPONED
[lool] fix Debian packages build-deping on -source binaries to work with .dsc/.diff etc.: POSTPONED
Dependency tree
* Blueprints in grey have been implemented. | https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/arm-m-cross-compilers | CC-MAIN-2021-49 | refinedweb | 227 | 50.12 |
Interface
Device driver server in the Phoenix-RTOS ecosystem communicate with other processes using message interface. In the typical case driver server have one port on which all request are placed by clients. This port can be either registered within native namespace or special file(s) can be created within the filesystem.
Port creation
Port, endpoint of the message communication, can be created using
int portCreate(u32 *port);
syscall. If zero is returned, then creation succeeded and variable port now contains unique port number assigned by the kernel.
Registering within namespace
Freshly created port can not be seen by other processes. To allow clients to find out servers port number, it has to be registered within some namespace. If device driver server wants to register more than one "file" it do not have create separate ports for them. Driver needs to assign each "file" id from it's private pool.
Assume we want to create SPI server which manages 2 instances of device - spi0 and spi1. We can manage both using only one port by registering the same port as /dev/spi0 with id = 1 and /dev/spi1 with id = 2. Every message driver receives contain information to which oid it has been sent. This enables driver to recognize to which special file message has been adressed to.
If system does not have root filesystem, port can be registered within Phoenix native filesystem by using syscall
int portRegister(u32 port, const char *name, oid_t *oid);
where
- port - port number aquired from portCreate,
- name - path in the namespace, e.g. "/uart0",
- oid - optional argument containing instance id.
Syscall returns 0 on success.
On systems that contain filesystem special file can be created, which will point to the server's oid. In the first place we need oid of directory which will hold our special file:
#include <sys/msg.h> oid_t dir; lookup("/dev", &dir, NULL);
Then we can create new special file and register:
msg_t msg; msg.type = mtCreate; msg.i.create.dir = dir; msg.i.create.type = otDev; msg.i.create.mode = 0; msg.i.create.dev.port = port; /* Port number assigned by portCreate */ msg.i.create.dev.id = id; /* Id assigned by the driver itself */ msg.i.data = "drvfile"; /* Filename */ msg.i.size = strlen(msg.i.data); msg.o.data = NULL; msg.o.size = 0; msgSend(dir.port, &msg);
Message types
There are several standart types of messages, although device driver servers need to implement only subset of them. With every message type there are 3 common fields:
- type - type of message,
- pid - process id of sender,
- priority - priority of sender's thread.
mtOpen
This message type informs server, there is process trying to open one of it's special files.
- i.openclose.oid - oid of the file being opened,
- i.openclose.flags - flags with which file is being opened.
Server can respond to this message via o.io.err field:
- EOK if success,
- ENOENT if no such file exist,
- EPERM if client has not sufficient privilege.
mtClose
This message type informs server, there is process trying to close one of it's special files.
- i.openclose.oid - oid of the file being closed.
Server can respond to this message via o.io.err field.
mtRead
This message type queries read from the device driver server.
- i.io.oid - oid of the file being read from,
- i.io.offs - offset in the file,
- i.io.len - length of the read,
- i.io.mode - flags with which file has been opened,
- o.data - buffer for data,
- o.size - length of the o.data buffer.
Operation should block client until all requested data becomes available.
Number of read bytes or error is returned via o.io.err.
mtWrite
This message type queries write to the device driver server.
i.io.oid - oid of the file being written to,
i.io.offs - offset in the file,
i.io.len - length of the write,
i.io.mode - flags with which file has been opened,
i.data - buffer with data,
i.size - length of the i.data buffer.
Operation should block client until all requested data is written to the device.
Number of written bytes or error is returned via o.io.err.
mtDevCtl
This message type allows to define entirely custom structure for input and output to/from a device server. This structure should be serialized/deserialized to/from message i.raw/o.raw fields. Additional data can be passed in i.data and o.data fields. | https://phoenix-rtos.com/documentation/devices/interface | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | refinedweb | 744 | 68.87 |
. Get the May edition of the Kentico 8 hands on labs! Thomas Robbins — May 14, 2014 — Article Thanks to everyone that provided feedback and ideas. I am happy to announce the second release of the Kentico 8 hands on labs manual. With over thirty labs and over 180 pages. It’s packed with lots of Kentico Version 8 hands on examples and information. If you have any lab ideas or requests please email me. Getting Started with MVC 5 and Visual Studio 2013 Thomas Robbins — May 13, 2014 — Video Article Many thanks to the folks at ComponentOne for their willingness to record my session at the recent South Florida Code Camp! It was a great session and a packed room! Wrap up: Ask the experts – A Kentico Virtual Panel #6 Thomas Robbins — May 8, 2014 — Article I hope everyone enjoyed the session! As always our experts were fantastic and it looks like they enjoyed themselves. Thanks to everyone on Twitter who asked some great questions. Stay tuned for our next ask the experts! Bryan Soltis – Ask the experts #6 Thomas Robbins — May 1, 2014 — Video Article kentico 8 Are you ready for the upcoming Kentico Ask the Experts #6? We catch up with Brian Soltis, Kentico MVP, to hear what he has been up to. More information about Ask the Experts #6 is available here. Brian McKeiver - Ask the Experts #6 Thomas Robbins — Apr 30, 2014 — Video Article kentico 8 ask - Jeroen Furst -- Ask the Experts #6 Thomas Robbins — Apr 25, 2014 — Video Article kentico 8 ask - Kentico Rocks #7: Kentico 8 in the trenches Thomas Robbins — Apr 23, 2014 — Video Article kentico 8 kentico rocks In this podcast join Brian McKeiver and Bryan Soltis, Kentico MVPs as talk about their first impressions and favorite features of the just released Kentico 8. Subscribe on ITunes Kentico Connection 2014 Sydney – Call for content open Thomas Robbins — Apr 21, 2014 — Featured Article kentico connection Kentico Connection 2014 is coming! Whether you are a rock star developer, marketer or have an amazing case study we’d love to hear from you. I am happy to announce opening of the Kentico Connection Sydney call for content! How to Series: Forms with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 15, 2014 — Video Article. Webinar wrap up: Using MVC with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 14, 2014 — Video Article Thanks to everyone that attended!. You can find the slides here Webinar Wrap Up: Simplify integration with Connect and Conquer Thomas Robbins — Apr 11, 2014 — Video Article Thanks to everyone that attended! and easy way to achieve this. Feature Series: A/B Testing with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 10, 2014 — Video Article ab testing feature. Webinar Wrap up: Here Comes Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 9, 2014 — Video Article Feature series: Shopping Cart with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 9, 2014 — Video Article shopping cart feature. How To Series: Adding products with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 8, 2014 — Video Article. Announcing: Ask the Experts #6 – A Kentico Virtual Panel Thomas Robbins — Apr 8, 2014 — Article Join us for our sixth- Ask the Experts – A Kentico CMS Virtual Panel Date: May 6, 2014 Time: 7 AM PST/10 AM EST/3 PM BST Location: Everywhere! Google hangouts and Twitter Check out the event page for more information! Webinar wrap up: The Online Marketing Solution with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 7, 2014 — Video Article. How to Series: Editing content with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 7, 2014 — Video Article. Webinar Wrap up: The E-commerce Solution with Kentico 8 Thomas Robbins — Apr 4, 2014 — Video Article. How to Series: Installing E-commerce Sample Site Thomas Robbins — Apr 4, 2014 — Video Article. Webinar Wrap up: Say hello to Kentico Version 8! Your integrated marketing solution has arrived Thomas Robbins — Apr 3, 2014 — Video Article. The Definitive Guide to the Cloud and Kentico Thomas Robbins — Apr 3, 2014 — Article how Kentico may work best for an organization. Get the first edition of the Kentico 8 hands on labs! Thomas Robbins — Apr 2, 2014 — Article. How To: Kentico 8 Installation Thomas Robbins — Apr 1, 2014 — Video Article how to Now that you have downloaded Kentico 8 it’s time to install. In this video we look at the requirements and the installation process for Kentico 8. Using the Firefox Responsive Design Mode Thomas Robbins — Mar 19, 2014 — Article. Introducing MVC Controllers with Visual Studio 2013 and ASP.NET MVC 5 Thomas Robbins — Mar 18, 2014 — Article Getting Started with Visual Studio 2013 and ASP.NET MVC 5 Thomas Robbins — Mar 12, 2014 — Article The Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern separates an application into three main components: the model, the view, and the controller. The MVC framework is defined in the System.Web.Mvc namespace and is a part of the System.Web namespace.. Kentico Rocks #6: Kentico 8 is almost here! Thomas Robbins — Mar 5, 2014 — Video Article kentico rocks In this podcast join Brian McKeiver and Bryan Soltis, Kentico MVPs as talk about their impressions and favorite features of Kentico 8. Subscribe on ITunes Webinar wrap up: One Size does Not Fit All: Selecting the Right Mobile Strategy Thomas Robbins — Mar 4, 2014 — Article? | http://devnet.kentico.com/authors/58731/thomas-robbins | CC-MAIN-2015-11 | refinedweb | 865 | 61.97 |
Data Orchestration: What Is it, Why Is it Important?
Everything you need to know about data orchestration.
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I first heard the term "data orchestration" earlier this year at a technical meetup in the San Francisco Bay Area. The presenter was Bin Fan, founding engineer and PMC maintainer of the Alluxio open source project.
Bin explained that data orchestration is a relatively new term. A data orchestration platform, he said, "brings your data closer to compute across clusters, regions, clouds, and countries."
He described it as being similar to container orchestration, which is the automatic process of managing or scheduling the work of individual containers like Kubernetes or Docker for applications based on microservices within multiple clusters.
I wanted to learn more, so I scheduled a Skype interview with Bin a couple of days ago. Here's the conversation....
You may also like: Creative Data Automation and Orchestration Give Stunning End Results.
Tom: Could you explain the concept of data orchestration in a nutshell to people who may not be familiar with it?
Bin: Absolutely. Data orchestration is a relatively new concept to describe the set of technologies that abstracts data access across storage systems, virtualizes all the data, and presents the data via standardized APIs with a global namespace to data-driven applications. There is a clear need for data orchestration because of the increasing complexity of the data ecosystem due to new frameworks, cloud adoption/migration, as well as the rise of data-driven applications. Here is a blog post from one of our co-founders that goes into more detail on this concept.
Tom: What are the biggest pain points that you hear from data engineers in which data orchestration can help?
Bin: In the “old days” (maybe just two or three years ago) most data engineers were working in the environment of an on-premise data warehouse. They had their own self-managed cluster running Hive and Spark for ELT, analytics, or other workloads. There were many challenges associated with maintaining such a large and complex ecosystem. For system deployment, maintenance, upgrading, performance tuning or troubleshooting, engineers had to have a deep understanding of each part of the entire stack.
In the “new world,” more and more enterprises and users are moving to the public cloud like AWS, Google Cloud, or Microsoft Azure. These cloud providers are doing an extremely good job at simplifying tasks – such as launching a cluster or launching a query with one click. Nowadays, you typically just need a single command when using Alluxio, Presto, Spark, Hive, etc. The cloud providers are offering their own object stores as the data lake.
For data engineers, these developments mean faster ramp-up times, simplified installations and faster speeds to insight. On the other hand, because it’s more like a “black box,” a lot of existing popular data and metadata stores are being designed without having in mind that this data can be stored in the cloud. So, there can be a lot of inefficiencies associated with running an existing or legacy data pipeline directly on the cloud. The stack wasn’t designed for this purpose. This is another area in which Alluxio can help simplify the lives of data engineers working in the cloud.
Tom: You mentioned the increase in cloud adoption as one of the trends driving the need for data orchestration. What are you seeing?
Bin: We’ll touch upon industry trends and offer predictions about where the industry is headed to in the long term. For me, one obvious trend is that people are moving to the cloud and saying bye-bye to their self-maintained on-premise data warehouses. They are moving more and more workloads and data to the cloud. Alluxio’s data orchestration platform was born to help users embrace such trends faster and smoother.
Another trend we’ll share is the use of Kubernetes as the abstraction layer. Combined with the move to the cloud, this means a lot of services are getting more elastic and ephemeral. Running a service becomes so easy that when you don’t need that service or request traffic is low, you can size it down or turn it off. This was typically difficult before with on-premise data warehouses.
In the cloud, you “rent” everything so to speak. That means things are getting more ephemeral and more dynamic – and you need help on the tuning side to make everything more efficient. That’s when computational storage becomes more elastic. The question of how to embrace that elasticity then becomes challenging. And that’s another area where data orchestration can help.
Tom: We’ve been hearing a lot about the trend of moving to the cloud for a few years on an industry basis. But now it’s happening vs. just talk about such moves. What’s changed to finally motivate companies to take the leap to the cloud now?
Bin: Three or four years ago many people believed that startups are the organizations using the cloud because they don’t have to build anything upfront. But once they grew to a certain stage, they would leave the cloud and build their own data warehouse to reduce costs. That was the assumption, anyhow.
What we’re seeing, in reality, is the opposite. New companies are using the public cloud, but so are older or established companies. What’s driving this trend? In my view it’s because the cost operating in the public cloud today is cheaper than an on-premise data warehouse. Also, workloads are typically bursty. In the cloud, you just pay as you go. And today this just makes more sense. I believe moving to the cloud is the future.
* * *
Bin will be sharing more at the 1st-annual Data Orchestration Summit, November 7 at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California.
Further Reading
Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own. | https://dzone.com/articles/data-orchestration-its-open-source-but-what-is-it | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | refinedweb | 997 | 63.8 |
This chapter covers the following topics.
Setting Up the Data Files
The DNS Namespace Hierarchy
How DNS Affects Mail Delivery
DNS Configuration and Data Files
Data File Resource Record Format
This section shows the files you need to implement DNS for a sample Internet-connected network, based on the examples used in this chapter.
The IP addresses and network numbers used in examples and code samples in this manual are for illustration purposes only. Do not use them as shown because they might have been assigned to an actual network or host.
This example assumes the following.
An environment connected to the Internet
Two networks, each with its own domain (doc.com and sales.doc.com) and its own DNS zone
The doc.com domain and zone is the top zone over the sales.doc.com subdomain and zone
Each network has its own network number
Each zone has a master and one slave server, and the slave server of sales.doc.com is also the master server of doc.com:
The following code examples show boot files for the three servers in the two networks:
The following code examples show resolv.conf files for the three servers in the two networks. (If the host in question is not running in.named, the local host address should not be used as a name server.)
The following code example shows the named.local file used by the two master servers on the two networks. Both servers have the same file.
The following code examples show db.doc and db.sales files for the two master servers on the two networks.
The following code examples show hosts.rev files for the two master servers on the two networks:
The following code example shows the named.ca file that is stored on each of the two master servers on the two networks. Both servers use identical named.ca files.
All the data files used by the DNS daemon in.named are written in standard resource record format. Each line of a file is a record, called a resource record (RR). Each DNS data file must contain certain resource records.
The most commonly used types of resource records are listed in Table 5–7. They are usually entered in the order shown in Table 5–7, but that is not a requirement.Table 5–3 Commonly Used Resource Record Types
In the sample files included in the following sections, @ indicates the current zone or origin and lines that begin with a semicolon (;) are comments.
The simplest method is to include the subdomain in the parent domain's zone. In this way, one set of DNS servers and data files applies to all the machines regardless of their domain.
The advantage of the same-zone method is simplicity and ease of administration. The disadvantage is that one set of servers has to serve all machines in all of the zone's domains. If there are too many machines, the servers will be overloaded and network performance can decline.
Data files for multi-domain zones must include records for all machines and servers in each domain covered by the zone.
Setting up a multi-domain zone is the same as setting up a zone with a single domain, except that fully qualified domain names are used in the hosts file to identify machines in remote domains. In other words, in the hosts file, when you identify a machine in the server's local domain, you need to use only the machine's name. But when you identify a machine in some other domain, you must identify the machine with a fully qualified domain name in the format: machine.domain.
Server and machine names in hosts.rev and named.local files also need to be fully qualified with domain names. But that is true regardless of whether or not the zone has more than one domain.
The advantage of the different-zone method is that you can assign different sets of servers to serve machines in different domains; in that way, you spread out server load so that no group of servers is overloaded. The disadvantage is that setup maintenance is more complicated.
Setting up subdomains that are in different zones is more complicated than including multiple domains in a single zone, because you have to specify how clients in different zones obtain DNS information from the other zones.
To divide a network into multiple domains, create a domain hierarchy. That is, one domain becomes the top domain. Beneath the top domain, you create one or more subdomains. If you want, you can create subdomains of subdomains. But every subdomain has a set place relative to the top domain in the hierarchy of domains. When read from left to right, domain names identify the domain's place in the hierarchy. For example, the doc.com domain is above the sales.doc.com domain, while the west.sales.doc.com domain is below the sales.doc.com domain.
DNS zones acquire a hierarchy from the domains that they contain. The zone containing a network's top domain is the top zone. A zone that contains one or more subdomains below the top domain is below the top zone in the zone hierarchy. When DNS information is passed from one zone to another, it is passed up and down the zone hierarchy. This means that each zone requires records in its data files that specify how to pass information up to the zone immediately above it, and down to any zones immediately below it.
To correctly transfer DNS information from one zone to another in a multi-zone network:
hosts.rev file. There must be a PTR record in each hosts.rev file pointing to the name of one or more master servers in the zone immediately above it. This type of PTR record is exactly the same as any other PTR record in the file, except that it identifies a server in the zone above.
hosts file NS records. There must be a zone NS record in each hosts file identifying each name server in each zone immediately below. This type of NS record requires the name of the zone below as the first field in the NS record. (The name of the zone is specified in the SOA record of the zone's host file.)
hosts file A records. There must be an A record in each hosts file identifying the IP address of each name server in each zone immediately below. This type of A record has to have the name of the zone below as the first field in the A record. (The name of the zone is specified in the SOA record of the zone's host file.)
The example files in the next chapter illustrate a network with two zones.
The entire collection of DNS administrative domains throughout the world are organized in a hierarchy called the DNS namespace. This section shows how the namespace organization affects both local domains and the Internet.
Like the UNIXTM 5–1,.
In addition address mapping and maps addresses to host names, as discussed in Name-to-Address Resolution, DNS also helps mail delivery agents, such as sendmail and POP, deliver mail along the Internet.
To deliver mail across the Internet, DNS uses mail exchange records (MX records). Most organizations do, the following table compares BIND file names from these three sources.Table 5–4 BIND File Name Examples
The IP addresses and network numbers used in examples and code samples in this manual are for illustration purposes only. Do not use them as shown because they might have been assigned to an actual network or host.
The BIND 8.2.4 configuration file, /etc/named.conf establishes the server as a master, slave, or cache-only name server. It also specifies the zones over which the server has authority and which data files it should read to get its initial data.
The /etc/named.conf file contains statements that implement the following.
Security through an Access Control List (ACL) that defines a collection of IP addresses that 5–5 named.conf Statements.
Root server names are indicated in the NS record and addresses in the A record. You need to add an NS record and an A record for each root server you want to include in the file.
How you obtain or create your named.ca file depends on whether or not your network is connected to the world Internet.
If your network is connected to the Internet, at the present time you obtain your named.ca file from InterNIC registration services through the following. following the naming conventions used in this manual, you then move named.root to /var/named/named.ca.
If your network is not connected to the Internet, you create your own named.ca file. To do this, you designate one of your servers to be the root server, then create a named.ca file on every DNS server pointing to that root server.
For example, suppose your domain is named private and you designate the machine ourroot as your non-Internet root server. The ourroot machine has an IP address of 192.1.1.10. Your named.ca files would then contain the line:
Cache files also need an SOA record, NS records for each domain and subdomain, and A records for each server.
For example, suppose that in addition to ourroot you also had DNS name servers called ourmaster and ourslave. The named.ca files on all of your DNS servers would then look like the following. file contains all the data about every machine in your zone. If a zone covers more than one domain, all machines in all the domains covered by the zone are listed in the zone's host file. See Setting Up the hosts File.
The name hosts is a generic name indicating the file's purpose and content. But to avoid confusion with /etc/hosts, you should name this file something other than hosts. If you have more than one zone, each zone must have its own hosts file and each of these zone hosts files must have a unique name. For example, if your DNS domain is divided into doc.com and sales.doc.com zones, you could name one hosts file db.doc and the other sales.db.doc.
There must be a separate, uniquely named, hosts file for each zone. If you have more than one zone, each zone's host file must include information about the master (master and slave) servers of the other zones, as described in Example 5–16.
A hosts file usually contains these elements:
A Start of Authority (SOA) record
One or more Name Server (NS) records identifying master and slave DNS name servers
Address (A) records for each host in the zone
Canonical Name (CNAME) records for each host alias in the zone
One or more Mail Exchange (MX) records
The hosts.rev file specifies a zone in the in-addr.arpa. domain, the special domain that allows reverse (address-to-name) mapping. The name of this file is specified in the boot file.
The the following elements.
A Start of Authority (SOA) record
One or more Name Server (NS) records identifying master and slave DNS name servers. Server names should be fully qualified.
A PTR record for each host in the zone. Machine names should be fully qualified.
(See Resource Record Types for detailed descriptions of these resource record types.).
The master and slave DNS name servers. Server and domain names should be fully qualified.
A PTR record for localhost might change in the future; thus, you should be consistent in your use of lower and uppercase.
The following characters have special meanings:Table 5–6 Special Resource Record Characters
Most resource records have the current origin appended to names if they are not terminated by a dot (.). This is useful for appending the current domain name to the data, such as machine names, but might. The command allows for master or slave line of the named.conf file.
The most commonly used types of resource records are listed in Table 5–7. They are usually entered in the order shown in Table 5–7, but that is not a requirement.Table 5–7 Commonly Used Resource Record Types
Example 5–19 shows the syntax of a start-of-authority (SOA) resource record.
The SOA:–21 master and slave server for the domain. Example 5–22 is a sample NS resource record.
Example 5–23 shows the syntax of an address (A) resource record:
The 5–25 shows the syntax of a host-information (HINFO) resource record:
The 5–26 is a sample HINFO resource record.
Because the HINFO field provides information about the machines on your network, many sites consider it a security risk and no longer use it.
Example 5–27 shows the syntax of a well-known services (WKS) resource record:.
The WKS record is optional. For security reasons, most sites no longer provide this information.
Example 5–29 shows the syntax of a canonical-name (CNAME) resource record.
The 5–30 is a sample CNAME resource record.
Example 5–31 shows the syntax for a PTR resource record.
A pointer record allows special names to point to some other location in the domain. In the example, PTRs 5–32 sets up reverse pointers for the special in-addr.arpa domain.
Example 5–33 shows the syntax for a mail-exchanger (MX) resource record.,. | http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19683-01/816-7511/6mdgu0h0g/index.html | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | refinedweb | 2,254 | 73.98 |
When website the and Android versions, beginners will need to set up in order to develop for React Native. Since iOS was the first platform supported, and the one we’re covering in this tutorial, we need macOS and Xcode, at least version 6.3. Node.js is also create a new React Native application. Running
react-native init HelloWorld creates a folder called
HelloWorld in which the boilerplate code can be found.
/>.
import React from ‘react'; import {View, Text, Alert} from ‘react-native'; class HelloThere extends React.Component { clickMe() { Alert.alert(‘hi!'); }.
import React from ‘react'; import {View, Text, Alert} from ‘react-native'; class HelloThere extends React.Component { clickMe() { Alert.alert(‘hi!'); }.
import React from ‘react'; import {View, Text, StyleSheet, Alert} from ‘react-native'; class HelloThere extends React.Component { clickMe() { Alert.alert(‘hi!'); } to beginners..
import React from ‘react'; import {Text} from ‘react-native';: Customize Behavior Across Platforms!' }) ); } ...
Step 6: Custom Fonts and'));
Step 7: Moving Things Around.
Step 8: Registering the Application' } }); hand, React Native takes separation of concerns.:
/debugger tools.
Web developers are familiar with JSFiddle or JSBin, an online playground for quick web tests. There is a similar environment that allows us to try out React Native in a web browser.
React Native: A Solid, Modern Choice
I had originally suggested a more cautious approach to React Native. Today, it’s a mature and solid choice.
One of the big advantages with React is that it doesn’t impose on your workflow, since. As the official site had put.
In any case, one thing is certain: React Native isn’t going away. Facebook has a massive stake in it having multiple React Native-powered applications in app stores. The community around React Native is huge and continues to grow.
Understanding the basics
What is React Native?
React Native is a framework for building native iOS and Android applications using JavaScript. It's based on the same concepts as React, but uses native components instead of web components to render a user interface (UI).
What is React?
React is a front-end JavaScript library, designed around the concept of using declarative views for efficiency and predictability.
What's better when it comes to React Native vs native?.
What is a native application?. | https://www.toptal.com/ios/cold-dive-into-react-native-a-beginners-tutorial | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | refinedweb | 375 | 50.73 |
Object | +-Video public class Video extends Object
The Video class enables you to display video content that is embedded in your SWF file, stored locally on the host device, or streamed in from a remote location.
Note: The player for Flash Lite 2.0 handles video differently than Flash Player 7 does. These are the major differences:
Because of the requirements of mobile devices (smaller processor speeds, memory restrictions, and proprietary encoding formats), Flash Lite 2.0 cannot render the video information directly. The supported file formats for video depend on the mobile device manufacturer. For more information about supported video formats, check the hardware platforms on which you plan to deploy your application.
Flash Lite 2.0 does not support the following Flash Player 7 features:
Properties inherited from class Object
Methods inherited from class Object
Flash CS3 | http://www.adobe.com/livedocs/flash/9.0/main/00005549.html | crawl-002 | refinedweb | 139 | 56.15 |
Here is a step-by-step tutorial for building an arbitrary hierarchy of linked nodes from scratch in the outline view. This could be done in a new store that you've just created, or in an existing store (as long as it's OK to modify it). Make sure that the store is opened in read/write mode rather in read-only mode, as needed for creating triples. Also make sure that the option Outline Options | Create All Nodes as Blank Nodes is not on.
You may want to resize Gruff and the window that's displaying this tutorial text, so that you can refer back to the text while pop-up menus are being displayed by Gruff.
* After creating or opening a store, first use View | Outline View to show the outline view. If there is any content in the outline view, then use Remove | Remove All Nodes to clear the view.
* Right-click the background and invoke the command Outline View Editing | Create Item for a New Triple. (That will be the only command on the pop-up menu when there is no content yet.)
* A pop-up menu will appear, asking for the way that you'd like to specify a new node. Select "Enter a Node URI or Literal String". If a menu of suggested namespaces then appears, select the first choice "Other Namespace", because the namespace that we want to use is (probably) not in the list.
* You will then be prompted to enter a string that names a node for the outline item to represent. When you see a flashing text cursor, enter the string "", and press the Enter key to accept that name. Do not include the double-quote characters, because that would create a literal, whereas we want to create a resource for that URI instead. This will intern a resource for a new node, but will not create any triples; a triple would be created only when the new outline item has a parent item to link with it.
* The new node will appear simply as "Animal" in the outline item. To see the full URIs of all resources that are in the outline, use Outline Options | Show Full URIs in Outline. The 8 key (on the main part of the keyboard) is the keyboard shortcut for that menu bar command, so you could frequently press 8 to toggle between showing full URIs and showing more easily readable "pretty" labels. For now, press 8 as needed to show the shorter labels.
* Now we are ready to create a triple by specifying a second new node, along with a predicate with which to link it to the first node. First right-click the new node for Animal to show the pop-up menu again. This is the outline view's editing menu, which will contain several commands now that there is an outline item to which commands can be applied. Most of the commands will conceptually "edit" a triple in some way, by deleting one triple and creating a replacement triple, though the commands in the second section simply create OR delete a triple.
* From the pop-up menu, invoke the command Outline View Editing | Create Item for a New Triple. (This is the same command that we used before.)
* A first pop-up menu for this command will ask whether you want to create a child or a sibling of the currently selected outline item. Select "Create Child Item". A new blank outline item will then appear just below the first item. It will be indented to the right of the first item to indicate that it is a "child" of the first item, which is the "parent" of the new item. This means that those two items represent a triple that links the nodes of the outline items. Note that the parent/child relationship pertains only to the way that the information is being displayed in the outline view, and does indicate the type of relationship that the two nodes have with each other in the triple store.
* The next pop-up menu will ask for the "direction" that the triple between the new nodes should have. Select "New Node is Object of Triple with Parent" to indicate that the node of the child outline item will be the object of a triple that you are creating, and the node of the parent outline item will be the subject of the triple. (This may be a relatively tricky point that should become clear later.)
* We now need to specify the predicate for the new triple. The first step is to specify the desired way to select a predicate, on the next pop-up menu that appears. It's problematic to choose from a large set of predicates, so this menu lets you select from one of various subsets of predicates. Select the choice "Common Predicates". The next pop-up menu will then list an arbitrary set of several often-used standard predicates. Choose "Narrower" from that list, which stands for skos:narrower (notice the full URI in the status bar as you highlight that menu choice). The word Narrower will then appear in the new outline item.
* And finally it's time to specify the node for the new outline item, which will be linked to the node of the parent outline item by a new triple. As before, a pop-up menu will ask which way you'd like to specify the node. Select "Enter a Node URI or Literal String" as before.
* This time when the menu of suggested namespace appears, it should include the choice "" that you typed in explicitly for the first node. Select that choice from the menu so that you don't need to type it in again.
* This time when you are prompted to enter the text, the namespace that you selected will appear as a starter string, with the text cursor at the end of it. At this time, simply type the string "goat" at the end of the namespace string and press Enter.
* Now that the new child outline item has been fully specified, a triple is created that links the item's node with the node of the parent item. The parent item says "Animal" and the child item says "Narrower Goat", which means that the triple "Animal Narrower Goat" exists in the store. Press the 8 key as usual to see all of the full URIs of the triple, and then again to return to the shorter labels.
* That general command for creating a new triple from scratch involved quite a few steps. But there are a couple of shortcut commands for the common case where you are creating multiple triples that use the same predicate. To try this out, right-click the Goat item, and this time invoke the command Outline View Editing | Create Sibling for Same Predicate. This will skip the menus for specifying the predicate and the "direction" of the new triple, and instead copy that information from the triple that links the nodes of the selected outline item and its parent item. As before, select the choice to enter a URI for the new node, and then the franz.com/simple namespace, and this time enter "hamster" as the name of the new node.
* Another way to add items more quickly is to use keyboard shortcuts. The keystrokes that are shown to the right of each command in the pop-up menu are ones that you can use without showing the menu at all. Right-click again and notice that the shortcut for "Create Sibling for Same Predicate" is the N key. Also notice the "access keys" that are printed along the left side of the menu. These are keys that you can press to select a menu command if you did show the menu. (You can also press the M key to initially show the editing menu in any view, or Shift-M to show the navigation menu.) Press Escape to dismiss the pop-up menu.
* To add another sibling item by using keyboard shortcuts, first make sure that the Hamster item is selected, and press the N key (without using the shift key), which is the shortcut for adding a sibling item. Then press the E key to select the menu choice for enterring a URI for the new node, and finally press whatever letter key is at the left side of the next menu for the franz.com/simple namespace. This time enter "fish" for the name of the new node.
* You may have noticed that so far we are creating a subclass tree, and wondered why we're not using the rdfs:subClassOf predicate. In this tutorial, that's simply to avoid any confusion from the fact that subClassOf is defined "backwards" with respect to a subclass outline. If you use that predicate and want to add a new subclass that's shown as a child outline item of its superclass, then you'll need to select "New Node is Subject of the Triple with Parent" when prompted for the triple direction, since the predicate is subClassOf rather than "subClass" or "hasSubClass". Also, by default the outline item will awkwardly say "is Sub Class Of of", to follow the general rule that's not so clear for this particular predicate. As a special exception for subClassOf, you can turn on Global Options | Derived Node and Link Labels | Display subClassOf as "Superclass", which will cause the outline item to say "Subclass". But for this tutorial we will use the predicate skos:narrower, which is more intuitive for an outline.
* You may also notice at this point that our tree is not quite right, because goats and hamsters are kinds of mammals, and mammal should be a sibling of fish in the tree. This is no problem, because we can insert a node for mammal and then shift goat and hamster under it. First select the Animal item, and press the C key to invoke the general command from the editing pop-up menu for creating an outline item. Add a child item as before, naming this one "mammal".
* The outline items from top to bottom should now be Animal, Mammal, Goat, Hamster, and Fish. We want to select Goat and shift it under Mammal, but first let's learn how to select Goat with the keyboard. Shift-right-click any item (or type Shift-M) to see the outline view's navigation menu. This is a separate pop-up menu from the editing menu that we have used so far. Some of the commands on the navigation menu are rather awkward to use from the menu itself, so just notice toward the right side of the menu that J is the keyboard shortcut for Outline View Navigation | Move Down to Next Node, and K is the shortcut to move up to the previous node. Press Escape to cancel the menu, and then press the J and K keys as needed to select Goat.
* Now we're ready to make Goat be a kind of Mammal rather than directly a kind of Animal. With the Goat item selected, press the M key to show the editing pop-up menu. Toward the bottom of the menu, note that the keyboard shortcut for Outline View Editing | Shift Rightward is Control->. But since we've shown the menu, press R to invoke that command from the menu. You will see Goat shift to the right so that it is now indented under Mammal. Internally, this deletes the triple Animal Narrower Goat and creates the triple Mammal Narrower Goat. (Notice the status bar for a message about the triple creation and deletion.)
* Next press J to select Hamster, and type Control-> to similarly shift it under Mammal. (Type Control-> by holding down the Control key and the pressing the period key, whose shifted character (at least on US English keyboards) is the greater-than character.) This shifting behavior is unique to the outline view, and makes it easy to intuitively edit a hierarchy of linked nodes such as an ontology.
* There are many more commands on both of the pop-up menus and the menu bar in the outline view that we have not covered in this tutorial. Please explore them, and remember that you can highlight any menu command and press F1 to see the help for that particular command.
* A good approach for creating an entire store in Gruff is to use the outline view to build hierarchies or ontologies such as subclasses and instances, and then use the table view to add and edit properties of individual instances. See the table view's right-click editing menu for commands for editing properties. And if nodes that have the same type often have some of the same properties, then it may be especially handy to use Edit | Edit Selected Node by Type directly from the outline view, to edit the properties of the selected instance node. | http://franz.com/agraph/gruff/outline-tutorial.lhtml | CC-MAIN-2015-18 | refinedweb | 2,172 | 66.78 |
This instructable was created in fulfillment of the project requirement of the Makecourse at the University of South Florida ().
For my project I designed a Cat Fishing Pole. I have two cats, one that is extremely playful and one that only likes laser pointers and cardboard boxes. I came up with the idea for this project because my cat, Bari, loves cat fishing poles. This project gives him a new fishing pole toy to interact with while also giving me the option of playing with him or setting it on random so that I can get back to whatever I was doing before he decided it was playtime.
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Step 1: Block Diagram
My project uses an Arduino Uno to control the IR sensor, LED, and servo motors.
The remote sends IR signals to the IR sensor/receiver that is connected to the Arduino. The Arduino decodes these signals and directs the servos to move. A green LED diode is also attached to the Arduino to indicate when the Arduino has power. When the Arduino is turned on the green LED will illuminate. When the Arduino is turned off, the green LED will also turn off.
Step 2: Part List
The parts I used in my project are as follows:
- Arduino Uno x1
- IR Sensor/Receiver x1
- Green LED Diode x1
- TowerPro SG90 9G Mini Servo x2
- 220 Ohm Resistor x1
- Mini Breadboard x1
- 9V Battery x1
- 9V Battery Case w/ On/Off switch x1
- Plastic cap x1 (Picked up at a local hobby store)
- Chicago screw post x1
- 4-hole Angle Bracket x1
- Plastic Super Glue x1
- Plastic Epoxy (JB Weld) x1
- IR Remote (sends IR signals) x1
- Felt x1 (to cover the hole on the lid)
- Springy cat toy (or whatever you want to put on top of the cat pole)
Step 3: 3D Printed Parts
The box, lid, servo connector, servo mounts, and pole were all 3D printed using the 3D printing lab (Advanced Visualization Center) on campus at the University of South Florida.
I printed:
- 1x Box.stl
- 1x Lid.stl
- 2x ServoMounts.stl
- 1x ServoConnector.stl
- 1x Pole.stl
The Box.stl is the box that I used to hold my project. The Lid.stl is the lid that sits on top of the box and allows the Pole.stl to move.
The ServoMounts.stl hold the servos and secures the first servo to the box and the second servo to the first servos arm. The Pole.stl is broken up into two parts: the part that sits on the ServoConnector.stl and the cylindrical pole. The cylindrical pole needs to be super glued to the part that sits on the ServoConnector.stl.
Step 4: Arduino Code
Below is the code for the Cat Fishing Pole (also available for download):
/* Title: Cat Fishing Pole
* Author: Amy Malkowski * Date: 5/1/2018 * Description: Uses two servos to create movement for a "cat fishing pole" that was 3D printed. A remote is used to send IR signals * to an IR sensor connected to the Arduino on pin 3. The signal gets decoded and depending on the code/button that was pressed, a * different movement will occur. The servos can move individually and synchronously. Buttons 1-9 on the remote have been programmed * to enable up, down, left, right, and diagonal movements. The "play/pause" button on the remote has been programmed for "random mode" * which chooses 1 of the 9 remote movements randomly 10 times with a 5 second delay in the loop when it has moved 10 times. * */
#include <IRremote.h> #include <Wire.h> #include <Servo.h>
int IR_pin = 3; // Sets the IR pin to pin 3 int LED = 6; // Sets the LED that indicates power to pin 6 IRrecv rec(IR_pin); // Sets the receiver pin to be the IR_pin decode_results results; // Sets the results returned from the decoder to results Servo firstServo; // The first servo is called firstServo Servo secondServo; // The second servo is called secondServo long unsigned int origIRval; // Assigns the possible remote values tied to servo movement to an array for random movement to pick from long unsigned int possIRval[] = {16724175,16718055,16743045,16716015,16726215,16734885,16728765,16730805,16732845}; int x = 0; // Assigned all servo angles to variables so they can all be changed in one place (if needed) const int s1topCorners = 40; const int s1topM = 35; const int s1Middle = 55; const int s1botCorners = 70; const int s1botM = 75; const int s2LCorners = 65; const int s2RCorners = 29; const int s2Middle = 47; const int s2MiddleL = 70; const int s2MiddleR = 24; const int btn_1=1; const int btn_2=2; const int btn_3=3; const int btn_4=4; const int btn_5=5; const int btn_6=6; const int btn_7=7; const int btn_8=8; const int btn_9=9; const int btn_play=10; const int btn_ch=11; int current = -1; int randomIndex = 0;
void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(LED, OUTPUT); rec.enableIRIn(); // Start the receiver firstServo.attach(4, 800, 2500); // firstServo uses pin 4 secondServo.attach(5, 800, 2500); // secondServo uses pin 5 firstServo.write(55); // Sets the firstServo to its initial starting position (this position is the default position) secondServo.write(47); // Sets the secondServo to its initial starting position (this position is the default position) }
void loop() { digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); // If the receiver detects a command it will interpret the results if (rec.decode(&results)){ Serial.println(results.value); Serial.println(origIRval); Serial.println("in the if loop"); // The switch/case takes the possible button values and associates them with the buttons, which are referred to in a later switch/case statement. switch(results.value){ case 16724175: current=btn_1; break; case 16718055: current=btn_2; break; case 16743045: current=btn_3; break; case 16716015: current=btn_4; break; case 16726215: current=btn_5; break; case 16734885: current=btn_6; break; case 16728765: current=btn_7; break; case 16730805: current=btn_8; break; case 16732845: current=btn_9; break; case 16761405: current=btn_play; break; case 16769565: current=btn_ch; break; } rec.resume(); } // This switch/case statement actually assigns the servos to positions depending on which button is pressed switch(current){ // Button 1: Top left corner case btn_1: firstServo.write(s1topCorners); secondServo.write(s2LCorners); break;
// Button 2: Top Middle case btn_2: firstServo.write(s1topM); secondServo.write(s2Middle); break;
// Button 3: Top Right Corner case btn_3: firstServo.write(s1topCorners); secondServo.write(s2RCorners); break;
// Button 4: Middle Left case btn_4: firstServo.write(s1Middle); secondServo.write(s2MiddleL); break;
// Button 5: Middle-Middle (Centered) case btn_5: firstServo.write(s1Middle); secondServo.write(s2Middle); break;
// Button 6: Middle Right case btn_6: firstServo.write(s1Middle); secondServo.write(s2MiddleR); break;
// Button 7: Bottom Left Corner case btn_7: firstServo.write(s1botCorners); secondServo.write(s2LCorners); break;
// Button 8: Bottom Middle case btn_8: firstServo.write(s1botCorners); secondServo.write(s2Middle); break;
// Button 9: Bottom Right Corner case btn_9: firstServo.write(s1botCorners); secondServo.write(s2RCorners); break;
// Button Play/Pause: Random Mode case btn_play: randomIndex = random(0,8); results.value = possIRval[randomIndex]; //Remote: 1 if (results.value == 16724175){ //diagonal left firstServo.write(s1topCorners); // norm 35 secondServo.write(s2LCorners); // norm 70 //origIRval = results.value; } //Remote: 2 if (results.value == 16718055){ firstServo.write(s1topM); secondServo.write(s2Middle); //origIRval = results.value; } //Remote: 3 if (results.value == 16743045){ firstServo.write(s1topCorners); secondServo.write(s2RCorners); //origIRval = results.value; }
//Remote:4 if (results.value == 16716015){ firstServo.write(s1Middle); secondServo.write(s2MiddleL); //origIRval = results.value; } //Remote:5 if (results.value == 16726215){ firstServo.write(s1Middle); secondServo.write(s2Middle); //origIRval = results.value; } //Remote:6 if (results.value == 16734885){ firstServo.write(s1Middle); secondServo.write(s2MiddleR); //origIRval = results.value; }
//Remote:7 if (results.value == 16728765){ firstServo.write(s1botCorners); secondServo.write(s2LCorners); //origIRval = results.value; }
//Remote:8 if (results.value == 16730805){ firstServo.write(s1botM); secondServo.write(s2Middle); //origIRval = results.value; }
//Remote:9 if (results.value == 16732845){ firstServo.write(s1botCorners); secondServo.write(s2RCorners); //origIRval = results.value; } delay(550); // Brief pause between each servo movement. if(x==10){ // When in random mode, pause every 10 movements to give the servos a break. x=0; delay(5000); } x++; Serial.println(x); break;
case btn_ch: break;
default: break;
} }
Step 5: Assembly
Once all the parts have been gathered, you can begin the assembly of the Cat Fishing Pole.
1. Load the sketch on the Arduino. Change the remote codes to match your remote control.
2. Insert each servo into their mount. Super glue the second servo to the first servos arm. Put the 3D printed servo connector on the second servos gear.
3. Hold the first servo in the box and make sure that the angles are correct in the sketch for the first and second servo. Alter the code to match your angles as needed (this is because the initial angle of the first servos arm may not be the same as mine).
4. Drill a hole for the IR sensor/receiver. Super glue the IR sensor/receiver and the green LED where this hole is. Make sure you have enough room for the jumper wires to connect to the Arduino and these components!
5. Super glue the first servo into the box. It will be glued in the place you determined in the previous step.
6. Glue the plastic cap to the second servo, as close as you can to the axis of rotation (it is at the back of the servo where it actually turns).
7. Insert your chicago screw post through the 4-hole angle bracket and into the plastic cap. This is to stabilize the servos. Verify that the servos will be properly stabilized.
8. Remove the chicago screw post and put the lock washer toward the cap of the screw. Reinsert partly through the 4-hole angle bracket. Put the speed nut on the end and push the rest of the chicago screw through the L-bracket and into the plastic cap. Tighten the speed nut to ensure that the chicago screw post does not move.
9. Make sure the 4-hole angle bracket is in the proper position to stabilize the servos and use the epoxy to glue it to the bottom of the box.
10. Put your Arduino and mini breadboard into the box and connect all jumper wires properly. Remember to put the 220 Ohm resistor between the wire that is connected to the pin used to power on the green LED and the positive end of the LED.
11. Verify all components are connected and test that the servos perform as expected. If you have a problem with the servos, verify that you have the first servo connected to pin 4 and the second servo connected to pin 5.
12. Glue the felt to the lid and cut a hole large enough for the pole to fit through and move.
13. Connect the pole and whatever toy you have to the top of the pole.
14. Turn the Arduino on again and test your completed project!
Step 6: Final Project Demonstration
In the video you can see my completed project and all of its features:
- I have a green LED that indicates when the Arduino is powered on, which also indicates where the IR sensor is located.
- Buttons 1-9 are programmed on the remote to control the servo(s) movement. The "play/pause" button on the remote controls the "random" mode. While in random mode, the servos will move 10 times at a random button (1-9) position. If the random position is the same as the position before, the servo(s) will not move but this still counts as one of the 10 movements in the code. Because of this, the Cat Fishing Pole may move less than 10 times. After the 10 random movements the Cat Fishing Pole will pause for 5 seconds before beginning random movement again. This allows the servos to rest and not be constantly moving. It also entices the cats as they prefer their "prey" to not be constantly moving (at least this is true for my cats). To stop "random" mode, any of the buttons 1-9 can be pressed which stops the random movement and puts the Cat Fishing Pole in the position designated by the pressed button.
- The actual "pole" is removable so that the cat doesn't break the servos if they yank on the fluffy ball at the top of the toy. The toy also has a spring which takes the tension off of the servos, allowing the pole/toy to bend instead of servos.
Step 7: Find a Willing Participant
Getting footage of my cat, Bari, actually playing with the Cat Fishing Pole proved to be difficult. I initially made a nice tripod setup and lured him with treats to try to get footage of him playing with the project, but, like a typical cat, he ate the treats and walked away. Finally, I was able to get spontaneous footage of him playing with the project. Sorry for the shaky cam! The video shows Bari playing with the project and how it holds up to his heavy paws.
Thanks for taking a look at my project!
Participated in the
Microcontroller Contest
Discussions
1 year ago
Clever idea, and nicely documented too. Well done! | https://www.instructables.com/id/Cat-Fishing-Pole/ | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | refinedweb | 2,194 | 64.91 |
Active Directory authentication with Hudson
This post is a little rant about the sorry state of Java when it comes to interfacing with native libraries, and my baby step to fight that problem.
Rant
As you know, "write once run anywhere" is one of the mantra of Java, but it seems to me that this is often used in a wrong way. Yes, having the ability to write a program that runs anywhere is great, and clearly there are many situations where I'd like this. But the mantra is often used to actively sabotage those who want to write a program that takes advantages of some environments, and this reduces the value of Java, as opposed to strengthen it.
When I look at what Sun has been doing, we clearly don't believe in letting people use Java to write a great program that takes advantages of a particular environment, despite the fact that not every program needs to run everywhere.
There are many examples for this; Java hasn't even let me access environment variables until recently. I still can't write a good behaving Unix daemon in Java, because it requires POSIX API. Or I can't reliably tell if a file is a symbolic link or not. In contrast, doing this is a breeze in many other languages, like Perl or Ruby.
The latest incarnation of this pain for me is in the context of Hudson around Active Directory authentication. I'm sure many people deploy AD for their network, and in such a situation, it makes sense to authenticate the user against AD. AD handles group/user membership, as well as other useful information about the user like e-mail address or name, and in that way users can have a single point of identity management.
So now, how does a Java program talks to AD? One is to talk to AD as LDAP. This can be made to work and Java has good support for speaking LDAP, but it takes a lot of effort for my users to make this work; they would first have to manually configure where their AD servers are. Then they'd have to give me the admin username and password (because AD doesn't allow anonymous LDAP access out of the box.) Early AD implementations in Windows 2000 don't support the inetOrgPerson schema for user information, so finally one needs additional configuration so that LDAP queries will be performed in the correct way.
All in all, it adds up to quite a lot of options that you have to get right. You can see how bad it is by looking at documents like this, and you can see the typical symptom of bad engineering — too many things that need the right configuration.
We can do this a lot better, if only we can talk to the API that Microsoft designed to access AD, called ADSI. With ADSI, you don't need to specify where the servers are. AD is LDAP+Kerberos+DNS, and it auto-discovers nearby AD server to talk to (this also means the outage of a particular AD server won't affect the program as long as other AD servers are online.) Access to ADSI happens under the owner of the process (roughly speaking), so no separate "manager user/password" is necessary. If a Java program could only use ADSI, it can eliminate the configuration completely. The user would only need to say "use Active Directory", and everything else just works.
This is what I wanted for Hudson. Every configuration that the user needs to do will make Hudson that much harder to use. It's very important for me that Hudson just works.
Active Directory integration in Hudson
To make this combination "just work", this support builds on top of my recent com4j improvements. com4j is another one of my hobby projects, and it provides easy way to talk to COM API by taking advantages of Java5 features. ADSI is available as COM components, so by using com4j I can call into ADSI and do the authentication.
The result is extremely simple configuration — you just select "Active Directory" option, and that's it.
How this works?
Making things simpler for users normally means doing more work on my side, and this is no exception. Since I thought other people might be interested in integrating AD to Java program, here's how you can do it.
First you need to figure out the domain name of AD. The following code lets you do this. The resulting defaultNamingContext is the domain name in LDAP distinguished name format, like DC=acme,DC=com
import com4j.typelibs.activeDirectory.*;
IADs rootDSE = COM4J.getObject(IADs.class, "LDAP://RootDSE", null);
defaultNamingContext = (String)rootDSE.get("defaultNamingContext");
Searching LDAP requires ADO, so it's good to create a connection upfront for reuse.
import com4j.typelibs.ado20.*;
con = ClassFactory.createConnection();
con.provider("ADsDSOObject");
con.open("Active Directory Provider",""/*default*/,""/*default*/,-1/*default*/);
Now, authenticating an user is a three step process. First, you query LDAP to find out the LDAP DN for the given user from the login ID, then check the password by trying to bind as that user. Once that succeeds, you can further query LDAP to find out more about this user, such as the groups s/he belongs to, phone number, name, e-mail address, etc. You'll notice that type-safe interfaces like IADsUser lets you see other information available in LDAP.
<xmp>
_Command cmd = ClassFactory.createCommand();
cmd.activeConnection(con);
cmd.commandText("<LDAP://"+defaultNamingContext+">;(sAMAccountName="+username+");distinguishedName;subTree");
_Recordset rs = cmd.execute(null, Variant.MISSING, -1/*default*/);
if(rs.eof())
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("No such user: "+username);
String dn = rs.fields().item("distinguishedName").value().toString();
// now we got the DN of the user
IADsOpenDSObject dso = COM4J.getObject(IADsOpenDSObject.class,"LDAP:",null);
// to do bind with DN as the user name, the flag must be 0
IADsUser usr;
try {
usr = dso.openDSObject("LDAP://"+dn, dn, password, 0).queryInterface(IADsUser.class);
} catch (ComException e) {
throw new BadCredentialsException("Incorrect password for "+username);
}
for( Com4jObject g : usr.groups() ) {
IADsGroup grp = g.queryInterface(IADsGroup.class);
System.out.println("Belong to group "+grp.name());
}
</xmp>
Conclusion
So that's it. I hope I showed you that Java's lack of good native library support can result in bad usability, and having more investments (like com4j) in this space can improve this situation. I want a library that can call shared libraries (like this, and I want a library that can call POSIX APIs, like this. I hope the Java community as a whole would learn more about what the native libraries offer, and I hope Sun would give us something better than JNI.
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ldaps
by javadevelva - 2010-01-12 10:01We followed your instructions and it worked like a charm. Thank You! For our main environments we are required to use ldaps (ldap over ssl). Just wondering if you could give us a couple of pointers on how to configure hudson to use ldaps.
by kohsuke - 2008-12-08 12:17x97mdr, can you share the stack trace?
by x97mdr - 2008-12-01 12:49I have had a problem using this on Windows Server 2003 x64 edition. When I set the authentication mode to Active Directory and hit the 'Save' button an exception message pops up saying that it cannot create the ActiveDirectory bean ... ?
by kohsuke - 2008-10-24 16:09
jbaruch -- I don't understand your question. This is about how you authenticate a user ID and password against AD. It's your business to ask your user to enter those values. I'm just showing how you can verify the username and password pair against AD.
kgolomb -- I don't know what ADS_SECURE_AUTHENTICATION does. Does LDAP send the user name and password in clear text? Is that the point of using this flag?
azeemirshad -- COM is a Windows technology. It only works on Windows. If you need to authenticate against AD from Unix, see my other post where I show how.
by azeemirshad - 2008-10-23 23:50I am trying to use com4j in a jsp application deployed on websphere 6.1 on solaris platform. It gives the exception for com4j.dll. will com4j work on websphere Thanks, Azeem
by kgolomb - 2008-10-15 11:46openDSObject is used without the ADS_SECURE_AUTHENTICATION option. Any reason for the secure option being missing. Maybe make it an option for those who want to secure the passwords of users authenticating via this plugin?
by jbaruch - 2008-01-20 06:22I saw you use username and password fields in your code. How can I set their values? There are no textfields for them in the UI. Thanks, Baruch.
by kohsuke - 2008-01-10 19:36
I think my point is that today the only way to get support for those is by having them standardized in JavaSE --- it's awfully hard to do this as a library because of the lack of the good native library interfacing.
So you are right that if JavaSE could provide support for all of them, it would be great and my problem is fixed, but I think more practical approach is for JavaSE to define good native interface, then let all those things happen in the "user space."
by nzcarey - 2008-01-10 16:19It looks to me like symbolic links, daemons/services and AD can be implemented in a cross platform way in any case. Symbolic links are new to Windows Vista, and reparse points have been around since Windows 2000, so Java should support them anyway; Unix daemons and Windows services could use a custom executable, like java.exe vs. javaw.exe on Windows, that worked correctly on Mac OS X, Linux, Solaris, AIX, Windows, etc.; and ADSI could be supported through JNDI like DNS and LDAP.
by damodavi - 2009-07-07 06:44Hi, I like what you are trying to do. I have been trying to get your sample code going and I keep running into the exception below. Exception in thread "main" com4j.ComException: 8000500d (Unknown error) : The directory property cannot be found in the cache. : .\invoke.cpp:460 at com4j.Wrapper.invoke(Wrapper.java:122) at $Proxy5.get(Unknown Source) at com.cibc.sso.ActiveDirectorySSO.main(ActiveDirectorySSO.java:22) Caused by: com4j.ComException: 8000500d (Unknown error) : The directory property cannot be found in the cache. : .\invoke.cpp:460 at com4j.Native.invoke(Native Method) at com4j.StandardComMethod.invoke(StandardComMethod.java:95) at com4j.Wrapper$InvocationThunk.call(Wrapper.java:258) at com4j.Task.invoke(Task.java:44) at com4j.ComThread.run0(ComThread.java:149) at com4j.ComThread.run(ComThread.java:125) Also when I switch my active directory root to DC=com instead of the full DN of the root I get this exception: Exception in thread "main" com4j.ExecutionException: com4j.ComException: 8007202b Failed to MkParseDisplayName : A referral was returned from the server. : .\com4j.cpp:196 at com4j.ComThread.execute(ComThread.java:189) at com4j.Task.execute(Task.java:23) at com4j.COM4J.getObject(COM4J.java:224) at com.cibc.sso.ActiveDirectorySSO.main(ActiveDirectorySSO.java:21) Caused by: com4j.ComException: 8007202b Failed to MkParseDisplayName : A referral was returned from the server. : .\com4j.cpp:196 at com4j.Native.getObject(Native Method) at com4j.COM4J$GetObjectTask.call(COM4J.java:239) at com4j.COM4J$GetObjectTask.call(COM4J.java:227) at com4j.Task.invoke(Task.java:44) at com4j.ComThread.run0(ComThread.java:149) at com4j.ComThread.run(ComThread.java:125) In only get the first exception if I add the root properly. It seems it can't handle referals properly? Also it seems that you need to specify the username and password you want to use. It seems there is no way to integrate with the Windows Integrated Authentication to automatically sign in to Active Directory with your machines username and password as ADSI can. | http://weblogs.java.net/blog/2008/01/10/active-directory-authentication-hudson | crawl-003 | refinedweb | 1,987 | 57.06 |
I believe most of the database developers are familiar with transactions. Transactions are one of the common activities a database developer has to deal with. Transactions are also used in Web Services.
IntroductionI believe most of the database developers are familiar with transactions. Transactions are one of the common activities a database developer has to deal with. Transactions are also used in Web Services. Transactions are used to maintain data integrity and avoid redundency of data. This article discusses what transactions are and how trasactions can be used in Web services by Web developers. First, we'll see some basic definitions of transactions and then we'll see how .Net Framework utilizes transactions. What is a Transaction?Before we start using transactions in our application, we should have a clear idea what a transaction is? There are a lot of definitions about transaction, which are very easy to understand. "A transaction is a series of operation performed as a single unit of work". A transaction is a single operation. If any error occurs during this operation, every thing rolls back means back to the previous state. Ok, now we are going to take a look at an example. It's a very classical example, which I have found in many books. Suppose I have a bank account and I want to transfer money from my account to my friend's account. Suppose I have deducted some money from my account (before adding it to my friends account) and an error occurred during transaction, what will happen? Neither money will come back to my account nor gets to my friend's account. By using transactions, if any errors occur, transaction rolls back means the operation will be in previous state and money will still be in my account. If operation (transaction) is sccuessful and there is no error occurs during the operation, transaction will commit means every thing went fine and changes were made to boty my friend's and my account. A transaction has ACID properties. These properties are defined as following:ATOMICITY: Guarantees that a transaction is never incomplete.CONSISTENSY: Data used in a transaction is never inconsistent.ISOLATION: Guarantees that concurrent transactions are independent.DURABILITY: The effects of a transaction are persistent.Transaction always maintains these properties.Transaction TypesWhat types of transactions we can have in Web services? We have four types of transactions. Local And Distributed TransactionThese transactions are used in SQL SERVER and **MSMQ message queue. In case of MSMQ, we have two types of transactions - innternal transactions and external transactions.
Database TransactionsInvoking. Manual TransactionsA manual transaction allows you to explicitly control the transaction boundary with explicit instructions to begin and end the transaction. This model also supports nested transactions that allow you to start a new transaction from within an active transaction.Automatic TransactionsThe .NET Framework relies on ***MTS/COM+ services to support automatic transactions.***MTS - MicroSoft Transaction Server, which are integrated with operating system Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000 professional, Windows 2000 Server (family /advanced) also with Windows NT4.** MSMQ - Microsoft Message Queuing, which you have to install. Just open AD/Remove, select Add remove Component for windows and then select Message queuing (here I have to say in Windows 2000 professional you can only use private Message queue if you are working under a workgroup. have to use private and public Message Queue you must use Windows 2000 Active directory. also if you are a Windows 2000 professional user then when you are going to install MSMQ please go to details and deselect "Active Directory Integration ").A Web service uses all kinds of transactions, which we just saw in the previous paragraph. Generally transactions occur when a Web service (webmethod /any method) deals with databases. But in Web services, when a Web method invoke another or when one Web service connected (means invoke another Web method from another Web service) to another Web service. If you don't know how how you can invoke Web method from one Web service to another Web service please read my previous article "invoking Web methods from another Web service" found in the Web Services section of. Step by step we will write programs for every kind of transactions. First of all, we will take a look at mutual transactions. MANUAL TRANSACTIONSRequirement: Microsoft Visual Studio 7,Sql Server.ADO.NET data provider enables manual transactions by providing a set of object that creates a connection to the data source. To try this, let's make a new project with template as "ASP.NET Web Service". After creating the project, build and run the project for confirmation that Web service is working. Now we are ready to write some code for manual transactions. In this code, we will use SQL server for connecting with the data source. If you have installed SQL server, make sure that it's running (you can see a small icon in system try). For your information SQL server is integrated with VISUAL STUDIO 7.0 (final release). Just open catalog " program files\ Microsft.net\frameworkSDK\samples\setup " and click instMSDE (install Microsft Data base Engine). After installation is done, reboot your computer you can see a new icon on your system tray. Click it and run the Service. We are now ready to use SQL server.Now create a database and test it with NT authentication. Create one table named "useraccount". The commands are as follows:Sql>create database shamim Sql>create table useraccount (char username, char password)This table has two fields - username and password. Now let's move to the Web service. In my service, I'll use Sql data provider to access SQL Server. Before I use any Sql data provider classes, I must add reference to the System.SqlClient namespace and import the namepace by adding a using directive:using System.SqlClient;Now add a Web method. The Web method "adduser" looks like the following code:[Web Method]public string adduser( string UserName, string UserPassword){string uname,upassword;uname=UserNmae;upassword=userPassword;string mycon="Intial Catalog=test;Data Source= yourcomputername\SDK; Integrated security =SSPI";//declare a sql connection by building a object named myconnection SqlConnection mysqlConnection =new SqlConnection(mycon);// declare sql command by using a object named mycommandSqlCommand mysqlCommand = new SqlCommand();// using sql transaction classSqlTransaction myTrans;// Open the connection.mysqlConnection.Open();// Assign the connection property.mysqlCommand.Connection = mysqlConnection;// Begin the transaction.myTrans = myConnection.BeginTransaction();// Assign transaction object for a pending local transationmysqlCommand.Transaction = myTrans;try{ // Insert the user record.mysqlCommand.CommandText = "Insert into useraccount VALUES ('"+uname+"','"+ufamily+"')";mysqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();// pass the data .transaction complete myTrans.Commit();return "transaction completed";}catch(Exception e){// transaction cancelmyTrans.Rollback();return e.ToString()+"********** transaction abort*******";}}Now debug the program and provide a username and a password. If this program can write down the new data to the database, it will say transaction completed. If any error occurs, transaction will be rolled back.It's just a very simple example by using SqlTransaction class and the class members Commit and Rollback. Commit -Commits the database transaction.Rollback- Rolls back the transaction from pending state.
For more information see .net Framework SDK. It was the first part. Oh I am getting tired. I'll be coming soon with the second part.
View All
View All | https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/transcations-in-web-services-part-1/ | CC-MAIN-2021-49 | refinedweb | 1,209 | 50.43 |
Loops get slower as they run
Hello, I am trying to run a simulation in sage as part of my homework. The simulation itself is pretty fast and working fine. The problem starts when i try to run the simulation several times in a loop, then sage becomes incredibly slow in each repeat.
The program I wrote:
def poisson(lmu): var('mu n') g(mu,n)=(e^-mu * mu^n)/factorial(n) num=random() sum=g(lmu,0) for i in xrange(1000): if num<sum: return i-1 else: sum=sum+g(lmu,i) def galtonwatson(mu,s,gens): deaths=0 for i in range (gens): N=1 n=0 while n<s and N!=0: N=poisson(N*mu) n=n+1 if N==0: deaths=deaths+1 return (deaths/gens).N()
both of the functions works fine, then telling sage to fill a list of 10 arrays with the values, and checking how much time it took for each repeat:
L=np.array([[0,0]for i in range(9)]) for i in xrange (9): t=time.time() print i L[i]= (i,galtonwatson(2,i,100)) print (time.time()-t)
Sage output is:
0 0.000202894210815 1 0.393799066544 2 0.893945932388 3 1.54169392586 4 2.87310600281 5 4.84653711319 6 9.23449707031 7 18.3007540703 8 35.5397469997
It ain't the first time that sage loops becomes slower and slower on the run, and I could'nt understand the reason when searching the net.
Thanks in advanced, David | https://ask.sagemath.org/question/25422/loops-get-slower-as-they-run/ | CC-MAIN-2017-34 | refinedweb | 255 | 78.14 |
Tim Peters tim.one@home.com:
"class methods" in *this* thread is being used in a Smalltalk sense (because it's Thomas Heller's thread, and he made clear that he doesn't want C++-style class statics).
Well, I shouldn't have talked about C++ static methods, because I'm not too familiar with them.
Here's what I want:
Assume C is a class with a class-method mth, and D is 'class D(C): pass'.
C.mth() should call this method, which in turn (automatically) receives C itself as the first parameter. D.mth() should call this method, which in turn (automatically) receives D itself as the first parameter.
It sounds like he wants not just class methods, but to unify classes and instances the way they are in Smalltalk.
The metaclass approach is one solution, not neccessarily the best.
That's not necessary *just* to get class methods. For instance, suppose you could write
class Foo:
def ftang(class c, x, y, z); ...
where the 'class' keyword in the argument list would say that it is to be a class method. That special form of the def statement would create an 'unbound class method' object, whose first argument would be filled in with the class object when Foo.ftang was accessed.
Donald Beaudry's objectmodule uses the metaclass hook to provide class methods. I like the resulting syntax very much: He uses an 'inner class' with the special name '__class__' to specify class methods:
class Object(object.base): class __class__: def class_method(self): pass def normal_method(self): pass
If I understand correctly (objectmodule does not run under 1.5.2 or later), an instance of __class__ will become the metaclass of Object, and __class__'s methods will become class methods of Object.
I've played a little bit with metaclasses in pure python (it is faster this way), and have an implementation with the same syntax where __class__ is never instantiated, and simply acts as a function container.
Addendum: Additionaly to class methods, I would like to have 'magic' class methods, maybe named __class_init__ and __class_getattr__. Easy to guess what they should do...
Hmmm... might write a PEP on that!
Me too.
Thomas | https://mail.python.org/archives/list/python-dev@python.org/message/KH6KSIH36QEKTMPA2K4NK2SR6ACCC6VU/ | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | refinedweb | 367 | 71.95 |
Thomas, Don't you have any time any longer for working on this? I/we understand if you don't, but no reply since October 17 makes one wonder. Best regards, Svante Signell Currently a Debian GNU/Hurd porter, not (yet) a developer :( On Mon, 2011-10-17 at 09:17 +0200, Thomas Schmitt wrote: > Hi, > > about registering the new call in struct device_emulation_ops: > > me: > > > I would see this as further cementing a bad tradition. > Olaf Buddenhagen: > > I'm not really set on this; but to me it looks like a new path for > > directly invoking driver-specific functions would just be taking an > > unnecessary risk here. > > (OTOH, you looked at this code more than me; so you probably have a > > better idea what it really takes...) > > All i can see of device_emulation_ops usage with e.g. device_get_status() > is this call in gnumach/device/ds_routines.c > return (*dev->emul_ops->get_status) (dev->emul_data, flavor, status, > status_count); > > It dispatches the received RPC to one of the instances of > struct device_emulation_ops. All block devices are covered by the > same method of instance > linux_block_emulation_ops > in > gnumach/linux/dev/glue/block.c > > My plan would directly call a new function in the same source file. > So no brain would be lost. > > Nevertheless, my sketch of yesterday (Oct 16) can easily be widened > to use a device_emulation_ops method. > Just choose what you would prefer. :)) > > > > My hope is that once we use a modern Linux driver, we could use > > *exactly* the same code in libburn; > > My newest sketch would already provide this compatibility in > userspace. (It does not matter much whether we add more members > to the end of struct sg_io_hdr. Nevertheless, my current sketch > does not yet plan for such additions, because they would not be > supported in gnumach yet.) > > libburn would have no problem with a Hurd-specific way of performing > SCSI transactions. But of course sg_io_hdr would ease porting of > growisofs, libcdio, or even wodim. > > > Have a nice day :) > > Thomas > > | http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2011-12/msg00010.html | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | refinedweb | 326 | 63.7 |
To get the current date and/or time in Python you can import
datetime from Python's
datetime module, then create a new datetime object and access the
now() method on that.
from datetime import datetime now = datetime.now() print(now) # 2019-08-09 19:02:36.533074
You can then use the
strftime() (string format time) method to display the datetime object in whatever format you like.
Get time, day, month and year
# Access attributes year = now.year # 2019 month = now.month # 8 day = now.day # 9 hour = now.hour # 19 minute = now.minute # 2 second = now.second # 36 microsecond = now.microsecond # 533074 # Format date and time date = now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') print(date) # 2019-08-09 time = now.strftime('%H:%M:%S %p') print(time) # 19:18:50 PM word_month = now.strftime('%d %B %y') print(word_month) # 09 August 19 word_month_short = now.strftime('%-d %b') print(word_month_short) # 9 Aug word_month_short_windows = now.strftime('%d %b').replace('0', '') print(word_month_short_windows) # 9 Aug (windows compatible) locale_format = now.strftime('%c') print(locale_format) # Fri Aug 9 19:29:29 2019 week_num = now.strftime('%W') print(week_num) # 31 (Monday as first day of week) weekday_num = now.strftime('%w') print(weekday_num) # 5 (Sunday is 0) day_num_of_year = now.strftime('%j') print(day_num_of_year) # 221
To format a datetime object, you pass the
strftime() method a string argument to convey how you would like the datetime to be displayed. The
% operator followed by the appropriate date format directive character (e.g.
%Y for the 4 digit year) tells Python where you want certain date or time values to appear in the string. Other characters like
- or
: can be added to the string and will appear as is. | https://able.bio/rhett/get-the-current-time-in-python--18ue3jt | CC-MAIN-2019-51 | refinedweb | 280 | 70.5 |
A Simple HTTP Server
If you want to download files in Pythonista to your Mac or PC or are maybe just interested in learning a little more about Python's networking modules, you might find this little script useful:
(use the <a href="">New from Gist</a> script to import it easily)
It shows how to create a basic HTTP server that runs on your iPad/iPhone and allows you to download/upload files from/to Pythonista, using a regular web browser on a different machine.
Very useful script. I use everyday but I need to change the url name of the Ipad to the IP address. i.e.:
That only works in my home wifi network where I know the IP address but not works in another wifi network.
import socket ipAddr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname()) # incorrect!! See below.
This might work but I don't have time now to check it out.
Thank you ccc. But i have the error:
nodename nor servname provided, or not known
- achorrath233
socket.gethostname() and socket.getfqdn() both return the name of the iPad, such as 'Johns-iPad'. This name is not going to be in DNS, which is why you're getting 'nodename ... not known'
The way to turn the name into something that can be looked up is to append '.local' as omz does in his script. This allows the name to be looked up via Bonjour/mdns.
If this isn't working for you, my first thought is to go to the Settings app and look up your IP address under the Wi-Fi section by tapping the arrow next to your current network.
Thanks achorrath for catching my error...
import socket ipAddr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname() + '.local') # corrected! # The .local trick only works on Bonjour/mDNS networks.
With this line
<code>ipAddr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname() + '.local') </code>
Remains the error:
socket.gaierror: [Errno 8] nodename nor servname provided, or not known
You are not on a mDNS network.
Is the box that you are using a Mac, Linux, or Windoze?
<li>Mac should just work. See</li>
<li>Linux should just work. See</li>
<li>Windoze you can try to add but it may or may not help.</li>.
This should work for printing the IP address:
import socket s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) s.connect(('8.8.8.8',80)) print s.getsockname()[0] s.close()
(From this answer on StackOverflow)
@omc: endlich....
Now it works.
Thanks
server.serve_forever()
iOS automatically stops background app about 10 minutes.
Is there any way to run pythonista server script "forever" (over 24 hours) in background?
- MartinPacker
Thanks for asking that question @duffy . It's what ultimately inhibited my using a Pythonista HTTP Server to provide a web page in slide over that acts as a toolbar.
@duffy @MartinPacker
I think this kind of questions has been asked before. check here, or here.
It seems that @ccc has a good solution:
console.set_idle_timer_disabled(flag)
I haven't tried that myself so I'm not sure it will work in that particular case, but give it a shot!
console.set_idle_timer_disabled(True)
I tried it. But this have effect only in the foreground.
You could try no_doze.py but it is not pretty.
@ccc
I tried no_doze.py in iOS9. but it did not relaunch self. I think iOS changed behavior.
reincarnate(argv) # Silent notification can relaunch self
@brumm That got removed from the released version in app review.
If you want your app to live, it needs to be in the foreground.
I believe we can use
beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler
from the main app to run code when we area about to be killed. Also, app.backgroundTimeRemaining does give remaining time, though not sure if this is a guaranteed kill when the timer reaches 0
@JonB It's redundant to call
beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandleryourself; Pythonista already does that when you run a script (otherwise, the app would be suspended immediately when in the background), and you don't get more background time by starting multiple background tasks.
I don't have a way of trying this (no Mac), but is it possible by packaging a script with the Xcode template, applying the right settings in the p.list and then loading the app manually on your phone?
I wonder if anyone has tried that...
The script would also need to do something that iOS allows in the background. (Example: Playing a silent MP3 on infinite loop). | https://forum.omz-software.com/topic/196/a-simple-http-server | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | refinedweb | 743 | 67.15 |
Container { layout: StackLayout { orientation: LayoutOrientation.LeftToRight } Button { layoutProperties: StackLayoutProperties { spaceQuota: 1 } } Button { layoutProperties: StackLayoutProperties { spaceQuota: 2 } } Button { layoutProperties: StackLayoutProperties { spaceQuota: 3 } } }
Resolution independence
When you develop apps for mobile devices, it's important to consider the screen resolution, density, and size of the devices you're targeting. Many aspects of your UI, such as the arrangement of UI controls and the appearance of image assets, can depend on these factors, and your apps should be able to adapt to them so they always look their best and reach the largest number of users.
These are the resolutions for current BlackBerry 10 devices:
The screen resolution is the total number of pixels in a display. For example, the BlackBerry Q10 has a resolution of 720 x 720.
The screen density is the number of pixels within an area of the screen and is usually measured in dpi (dots per inch).
The screen size is the physical size of the device.
The actual resolution for the BlackBerry Z3 smartphone is 540×960. However, when you run an application on this device, assets that you design for the BlackBerry Z30 are automatically scaled down for the smaller resolution.
Here are some techniques that you can use for creating a UI that works well on all types of screens:
- Use relative layouts with properties such as margins and space quotas to preserve the spacing between your controls.
- Use design units instead of pixels so that assigned dimensions can scale for different pixel densities automatically.
- Create separate sets of assets for different screen layouts and densities and let the static asset selector choose the best set of assets when you run your app.
- Use nine-slice scaling to scale images that must retain the appearance of their edges and corners.
The UI for your app isn't the only visual component that you need to consider when making your app resolution independent. Like the device screen itself, Active Frames also come in different sizes. For information about the different sizes of Active Frames for each device, see Active Frames in the UI Guidelines.
You must also make sure that your application icons are the correct size for each device that your app targets. To learn more about app icon sizes, see Application icons.
Relative layouts
There are several types of layouts that you can use to position your UI controls, and each layout arranges controls in a different way. For example, a stack layout positions controls next to each other, either vertically or horizontally. An absolute layout places controls in exact positions that you specify.
Where possible, you should try to use a relative layout ( StackLayout, DockLayout, or GridLayout), instead of an AbsoluteLayout. As the name suggests, a relative layout arranges controls relative to each other and the boundaries of the container. If you use a relative layout and the screen size or resolution changes, your controls still maintain their relative positions. If you use an absolute layout and specify the positions of your controls yourself, you might find that the controls aren't in the right places when your app is viewed in a different resolution.
For example, consider the layout that's shown in the image on the right. This layout is designed for the BlackBerry Z30, which has a resolution of 720 x 1280, and includes three Button controls in various positions.
There are several ways that you could achieve this layout. You could use an AbsoluteLayout and specify the pixel positions of each button. In this approach, you need to calculate the correct pixel positions for each button.
You could also use a DockLayout and use alignment properties to position each button relative to the edges of the screen. A DockLayout supports alignments such as left, right, and center, and you can use combinations of horizontal and vertical alignments to position your controls.
Here's how to use an AbsoluteLayout to create this layout in QML:
// This is the WRONG way to lay out your app import bb.cascades 1.0 Page { Container { background: Color.create(0.86, 0.86, 0.9) layout: AbsoluteLayout {} Button { layoutProperties: AbsoluteLayoutProperties { positionX: 200 positionY: 0 } text: "Top button" } Button { layoutProperties: AbsoluteLayoutProperties { positionX: 412 positionY: 580 } text: "Left button" } Button { layoutProperties: AbsoluteLayoutProperties { positionX: 200 positionY: 1215 } text: "Bottom button" } } }
Alternatively, here's how to use a DockLayout to create the same layout:
// This is the RIGHT way to lay out your app import bb.cascades 1.0 Page { Container { background: Color.create(0.86, 0.86, 0.9) layout: DockLayout {} Button { horizontalAlignment: HorizontalAlignment.Right verticalAlignment: VerticalAlignment.Center text: "Right button" } Button { horizontalAlignment: HorizontalAlignment.Center text: "Top button" } Button { horizontalAlignment: HorizontalAlignment.Center verticalAlignment: VerticalAlignment.Bottom text: "Bottom button" } } }
Now, consider what this layout looks like on a BlackBerry Q10, which has a resolution of 720 x 720. The image on the left uses an AbsoluteLayout, and the image on the right uses a DockLayout:
In the version that uses an AbsoluteLayout, the top and right buttons are visible but the bottom button isn't displayed. Because the buttons in this version are positioned using pixel coordinates, the bottom button is actually placed outside the visible area of the screen.
In the version that uses a DockLayout, the buttons maintain their positions relative to the edges of the screen, regardless of the size of the device. In general, relative layouts are always better than absolute layouts at preserving the appearance of your UIs.
Space quotas
A common way to specify the size of your controls is to use the preferredWidth and preferredHeight properties. However, this approach might not work well on devices with different screen resolutions or if you change the structure of your UI. Instead, you can consider using space quotas to assign sizes to your controls. A space quota determines how much a control should shrink or expand to fill the available space within its parent container. Using space quotas is a great way to ensure that control sizes remain relative to each other across different sizes of devices.
Consider the following scenario: you have a Button and TextField that you want to place side-by-side on a screen, and you want the TextField to take up 2/3 of the width of the screen. If you write your app with a specific device resolution in mind (for example, 720 x 720 pixels), you might be tempted to provide explicit pixel widths for your controls (240 pixels for the button and 480 pixels for the label). However, you can also achieve the same look by using space quotas.
The image on the left uses pixels and the one on the right uses space quotas.
Both methods are fine for this size of screen, but if you try to run the app on a screen with a different resolution, problems might arise. Here's what both screens look like running on a device with a resolution of 1440x1440. The image on the left uses pixels and the one on the right uses space quotas. As you can see, the image that uses space quotas keeps the relative size of its controls regardless of the size of the screen.
Setting space quotas
Space quotas apply only to controls in a stack layout and are set by using the spaceQuota property. Values can be positive or negative:
- is available in the container, and the control remains sample creates a left-to-right stack layout with three buttons. Each button has a different space quota that determines its relative size.
>>IMAGE));
Design units 10.3
Using design units (du) is another way that you can create adaptable UIs. Previously, if you wanted to specify a dimension in a Cascades scene (the length of a control, the width of a margin, and so on), you had to specify an explicit pixel value. The problem with using pixel values is that they don't always translate well from one screen density to another. Design units are device-independent values that you use to assign dimensions to components in your UI. When you run the app, the framework converts the design unit value to a pixel value that's optimal for the screen density of that device.
The following table describes how design units convert into pixel values for each device.
The actual resolution for the BlackBerry Z3 is less than the BlackBerry Z30. However, when you run an application on the BlackBerry Z3, assets that you design for the BlackBerry Z30 are automatically scaled down for the smaller resolution.
The conversion functions for design units are available through the UIObject::ui property. The UIConfig object that this property returns contains three different conversion methods:
- du() - design units
- Converts a design unit into an explicit pixel value that's optimal for the pixel density of the device.
- sdu() - snapped design units
- Converts a design unit into an explicit pixel value that's optimal for the pixel density of the device, and rounds the amount to the nearest whole pixel.
- px() - pixels
- Converts a pixel value into an equivalent pixel value. This function doesn't change the pixel amount; it's a way to explicitly show that a dimension is measured in pixels. Generally, you should always try to use design units or snapped design units instead.
Dynamic design units
Although design units are useful for adapting a UI to different screen sizes and shapes, they do not account for changes to the information density. Changes to information density can occur when the user changes the system font size. To account for these changes, you can incorporate the dduFactor property into your design unit calculations. As the information density changes, dduFactor changes accordingly, allowing you to update dimensions within your app to adapt to the space that's available.
For more information about dynamic design units, see UiConfig::dduFactor.
Why switch to design units?
An app that uses design units is able to retain its relative dimensions regardless of the screen density of the device that it runs on.
Consider the following scenario: you've designed your app UI with only earlier BlackBerry 10 devices in mind (BlackBerry Z10, BlackBerry Z30, BlackBerry Q10, and so on). Although these devices have different screen sizes, shapes, and resolutions, they all have a similar screen density that ranges from 295 dpi to 356 dpi. Because the screen densities are so similar, you can specify dimensions using real pixel amounts and still create a single UI that works well for all devices (if you follow other guidelines for resolution independence such as using relative layouts and space quotas). However, if you run the app on a device that has a much higher screen density, the pixel dimensions don't retain their relative size.
For example, here's a basic screen that contains two text fields and a text area. The root container for the app has 16 pixels of padding along each edge, and the child controls have a 54 pixel margin between them.
import bb.cascades 1.3 Page { Container { topPadding: 16 bottomPadding: 16 rightPadding: 16 leftPadding: 16 TextField { hintText: "To:" bottomMargin: 54 } TextField { hintText: "Subject:" bottomMargin: 54 } TextArea { layoutProperties: StackLayoutProperties { spaceQuota: 1 } } } }
Here's what the example above looks like when you run it on two different devices:
The screen shot on the left is from a BlackBerry Q10 (720 x 720 pixels, 330 dpi) and the screen shot on the right is from a future device (1440 x 1440, 453 dpi). Because the device on the right has a much higher pixel density, the padding and margins appear much smaller than on the BlackBerry Q10.
To make the padding and margins retain their relative size on the future device, you should use design units instead of pixels. } } } }
Here's what the new app looks like when you run it on the same two devices as the first example:
On the BlackBerry Q10, the app that uses design units looks the same as the app that uses pixels. When the app converts the design units into real pixel amounts, the number of real pixels is equal to the number of pixels that the first app uses (2 design units of padding = 18 real pixels and 6 design units of margin = 54 real pixels).
However, on the future device, the padding and margins in this app appear larger than in the app that uses pixels. When the app converts the design units into real pixel amounts, the number of real pixels is 50% greater than on the BlackBerry Q10 (2 design units of padding = 27 real pixels and 6 design units of margin = 81 real pixels).
Static asset selection
Cascades includes a static asset selector that automatically chooses the best assets (image assets and .qml files) for a device with a particular resolution or pixel density. You don't even need to rebuild or repackage your app to select the right assets; Cascades automatically selects the best set of assets for a particular device at runtime. This feature lets you create images and QML code that are designed for a specific resolution or pixel density and use them automatically when you build your project. You can also use the static asset selector to choose assets based on the theme (bright or dark) that your target device is using.
To learn more about this feature, see Static asset selection.
Nine-slice scaling
Nine-slice scaling is a technique that lets you create images that can scale uniformly. You can specify the dimensions of the corners and border of the image in a special metadata file (with an .amd extension). When the image is resized (for example, to fit a different screen resolution), only the middle of the image scales; the corners and border stay the same.
By using nine-slice scaling, you can ensure that the images in your apps aren't distorted when they're viewed in different resolutions. For example,.
When you use nine-slice scaled images on devices with different screen densities, the images might still look different from device to device. On devices with higher screen densities, edges appear thinner and corners appear sharper than on lower density devices. Depending on your app, you might want to provide different images for the different screen densities by using the static asset selector.
To learn more about nine-slice scaling and how to apply it in your apps, see Image assets.
Last modified: 2014-09-30
Got questions about leaving a comment? Get answers from our Disqus FAQ.comments powered by Disqus | http://developer.blackberry.com/native/documentation/cascades/best_practices/resolution/index.html | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | refinedweb | 2,417 | 50.57 |
Microsoft Scripting Guy Ed Wilson here. Once again, the Scripting Wife and I are on the road. This weekend we are heading to Charleston, South Carolina, to hang out and to see a couple music groups. The Scripting Wife is driving, and I am playing around with Windows PowerShell. We have my Zune HD plugged into our car radio and are listening to Jimmy Buffett—ARRH! She just interrupted my favorite song—“A Pirate Looks at 40”—to put on…Johnny Horton? Yes, I think it is Johnny Horton.
Cool. I need to think cool. Before we left, I used one of my Windows PowerShell scripts to check the weather for Charleston. Tomorrow, it is going to be a high of 89 degrees with 87 percent humidity! Oh, well, it is nothing a little bit of ice tea, sunglasses, an aloha shirt, and a Panama hat cannot handle.
I have been wanting to play around with the Windows PowerShell Tokenizer for a while. The Tokenizer is used to break a Windows PowerShell script into pieces of code called tokens. Using the Tokenizer, you can find commands or variables in a Windows PowerShell script. A road trip is the perfect occasion to write Windows PowerShell scripts that explore new techniques. Because it is Friday evening and the script is just for fun, there are no deadlines and no specific guidelines to which the script must adhere.
The ParseScriptCommands.ps1 script is my first attempt. It is shown here.
ParseScriptCommands.ps1
$errors = $null $logpath = "C:\logs\commandlog.txt" $path = "C:\data\PSExtras" Get-ChildItem -Path $path -Include *.ps1 -Recurse | ForEach-Object { $script = $_
The first thing I do in the ParseScriptCommands.ps1 script is initialize three variables. The first one is used to collect any errors by Tokenizer. The second variable is used for the log file, and the third one specifies the directory that contains the Windows PowerShell scripts that need to be parsed. These commands are shown here:
$errors = $null $logpath = "C:\logs\commandlog.txt" $path = "C:\data\PSExtras"
The next four commands are standard Windows PowerShell cmdlets. The Get-ChildItem cmdlet retrieves only Windows PowerShell scripts (that have the .ps1 extension) from the script directory specified earlier. The –recurse parameter is required when retrieving the files from the folder. The resulting fileinfo objects are piped to the Foreach-Object cmdlet where the full path to each script is stored in the $script variable. Next, the Get-Content cmdlet reads each Windows PowerShell script and stores the content of the file in the $scriptText variable. This section of the script is shown here:
Get-ChildItem -Path $path -Include *.ps1 -Recurse | ForEach-Object { $script = $_.fullname $scriptText = get-content -Path $script
The psparser .NET Framework class in the system.management.automation namespace has the Tokenize static method. The first parameter is a variable containing the contents of a Windows PowerShell script, and the second parameter is a reference variable to hold the errors. The second parameter must be supplied when calling the Tokenize method. The tokens are then piped to the next section of the script. This command is shown here:
[system.management.automation.psparser]::Tokenize($scriptText, [ref]$errors) |
I use the Foreach-Object cmdlet to process each token. The first thing I do is write the full script path to the log file. Next, I check to see if the type property of the token object is a command—if it is, I write the command to the log file as well. When I have processed all of the scripts in the folder, I display the contents of the log file. This section of the script is shown here:
Foreach-object -Begin { "Processing $script" | Out-File -FilePath $logPath -Append } ` -process { if($_.type -eq "command") { "`t $($_.content)" | Out-File -FilePath $logpath -Append } } } notepad $logpath
When the script runs, a text file appears that is similar to the one shown in the following image.
Well, believe it or not, we are just about to arrive in Charleston. The Scripting Wife has abandoned Johnny Horton and is now listening to Kiss. I guess she is growing impatient. The GPS says we will be there in 6 miles, so I need to shut down my laptop and prepare to disembark. Check back tomorrow. I have some pretty cool ideas for improving my tokenizing script. I might take my laptop down to park that overlooks Fort Sumpter and work on that script tomorrow morning. Who knows what I will do really? It’s the weekend, and tomorrow is another | http://blogs.technet.com/b/heyscriptingguy/archive/2010/06/26/hey-scripting-guy-weekend-scripter-playing-around-with-the-windows-powershell-tokenizer.aspx | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | refinedweb | 756 | 67.04 |
Experiments in Streaming Content in Java ME
- Contents
- Background to the streaming problem
- Set up a streaming server
- Model an RTP packet
- Create a custom DataSource
- Creating an RTSP Protocol Handler
- Back to RTPSourceStream and StreamingDataSource
- A MIDlet to see if it works
- Resources
Since my book on Mobile Media API (MMAPI),Pro Java ME MMAPI: Mobile Media API for Java
Micro Edition, was published in May, I have been inundated with requests to help readers
with streaming content via MMAPI for Java-enabled mobile devices. This topic was an important
omission from the book, but one that was simply not feasible to include because of the lack of
support for it within various MMAPI implementations. In this article, I will show you the results of
experiments I have conducted since the publication of the book to stream content via MMAPI using a
custom datasource.
DISCLAIMER: Before I commence, I would like to point out that even though I was
able to stream data from a streaming server and receive it successfully in a MIDlet using a custom
datasource, I wasn't able to utilize this data in any meaningful manner because of limitations in
the way this data is read by the MMAPI implementation at my disposal. You may have more success if
you have access to a MMAPI implementation that doesn't read its data fully. Even if you don't, this
article still provides a good study of the issues involved in streaming media data. At the very
least, it shows you how to create and utilize your own custom datasource.
For a background on Java ME please see my previoustutorial series on getting started. For an introduction
to MMAPI, tutorial 4 is a good
start, or you can always buy the book.
Background to the streaming problem
MMAPI is a format- and protocol-agnostic API, which means that the API doesn't dictate mandatory
support from device manufacturers for any particular format or protocol. One of the protocols that
is widely requested by application developers is theReal Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) and the
associated Real-time
Transport Protocol(RTP) for streaming audio/video
content. The advantage of streaming content is that it provides a fast turnaround time for the user,
control over the content distribution to the distributor, and an overall richer user experience.
However, hardly any manufacturer supports this protocol through Java ME. Some new phones provide
support for RTSP, but that support is only on a smattering of devices. A majority of devices still
do not support this protocol, therefore limiting useful application development in the streaming media
department. A majority of questions in the MMAPI forums of various device manufacturers revolve
around this very issue, that is, how to provide streaming data when RTSP is not supported. This
article aims to point you in the right direction. I'll start by cutting through the
clutter to try to provide an understanding of what streaming means.
What is streaming?
Streaming is the process of transferring data via a channel to its destination, where it
is decoded and consumed via the user or device in real time, that is, as the data is being
delivered. It differs from non-streaming processes because it doesn't require the data to be fully
downloaded before it can be seen or used. Streaming is not the property of the data that is being
delivered, but is an attribute of the distribution channel. This means, technically, that most media
can be streamed.
HTTP and RTSP
HTTP and RTSP are application-level protocols that allow remote retrieval of data. So why
can't you use HTTP for streaming media content? The truth is, you can. When you click on a Web page
link to play an audio file, in most cases the media data is streamed to your machine. However,
streaming content over HTTP is inherently inefficient. This is because HTTP is based on theTransmission Control Protocol
(TCP), which makes sure that media packets are delivered to their destination reliably without
worrying about when they are delivered. On the other hand, RTSP can be based on bothUser Datagram Protocol (UDP), which is
a connectionless protocol ensuring faster delivery over reliability, and on TCP. Besides, RTSP has
control mechanisms built in that allow random access to the media data, allowing you to seek, pause,
and play.
Making sense of RTSP, RTP, and RTCP
There is a lot of confusion among newcomers over the acronyms RTSP, RTP, and RTCP. All three
represent different protocols related to streaming of media content. An RTSP session initiates both
Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) sessions. RTSP is only the
control protocol, a bit like a remote control for a DVD player, in that it allows you to start,
stop, resume, and seek data remotely. The actual data delivery is done via RTP, and RTCP is a partner
protocol to RTP providing feedback to both the sender and receiver on the quality of media data that
is being transferred.
With this basic introduction about RTSP and streaming out of the way, let's set up our own
streaming server to conduct some experiments. You can read more about RTSP, RTP, and RTCP at.
Set up a streaming server
To conduct experiments for the purposes of this article, you will need access to a specialty
streaming server that can create RTSP streams for media objects. One such server is theDarwin Streaming Server, which
is an open-source streaming server based on the same source code as Apple's commercial QuickTime
streaming server. Implementations of this free server are available for Mac OS, Linux, and Windows.
Download the version that is suitable for your OS and run the installer. You can also choose to
download the source code and build it in your environment. I have run the examples in this article
on a Windows XP machine, and the server is installed in C:\Program Files\Darwin Streaming
Server .
For the purposes of this article, you will also need to have Perl installed on your computer, to
administer the Darwin server. For Windows, you can downloadActivePerl.
As part of the installation, you will be asked to provide an administrator username and password,
but make sure that you run the administration server after the installation (by running the
streamingadminserver.pl file). This starts an administration server on port 1220 with which
you can monitor the current activity within the streaming server. More importantly, you will need to
supply a username/password combination the first time you log into the administrative console (by
navigating to in your browser) for running the movie and MP3
broadcast service. It is important to set this (even though you never really need to supply this
username/password combination anywhere when running the examples in this article).
Note: On Windows, if you download the latest version of ActivePerl,
streamingadminserver.pl is likely to fail with the following error:
ActivePerl 5.8.0 or higher is required
in order to run the Darwin Streaming Server web-based administration. Please
download it from and install it.
This is because of an incorrect configuration check in this script, and you can easily fix it by
commenting out lines 33 and 34 (put a
# in front of these lines).
The streaming server starts on port 554 and comes with a few sample movie files, ready for
streaming in the installation folder under the Movies directory. The Darwin server can stream MPEG-4,
3GPP, and QuickTime movie files natively. This means that these files don't need to be "hinted" in
order to be streamed. Hinting is a process by which media files are prepared with track
information for streaming using the professional version ofQuickTime. For the purposes of this article, I will work
with natively streamable files like 3GPP and MPEG-4 only.
To test that your streaming server is working correctly, use theQuickTime player to launch a file
via RTSP. For example, if you can open the URL rtsp://localhost:554/sample_50kbit.3gp
correctly in the Quicktime player and view the file, pause it, stop it, and seek it, then your streaming
server is working correctly.
Model an RTP packet
As I said earlier, RTP is the actual delivery protocol for streaming data. Each streaming session
involves the streaming server sending RTP packets to its destination based on the client request
(requests that are delivered via the RTSP protocol). A full knowledge of theRTP RFC is not required for the purposes of this article,
so the following base class will model anRTP packet to its best possible
approximation.
Note: I have used the Java ME
Wireless Toolkit 2.3 (beta) to create and run the examples in this article. You can start by
creating a project called "StreamingData" (or whatever you prefer) in this toolkit to place your
code in. The J2ME tutorial part
1 gives more details on the process of creating projects in this toolkit.
public class RTPPacket {
// used to identify separate streams that may contribute to this packet
private long SSRC;
// incrementing identifier for each packet that is sent
private long sequenceNumber;
// used to place this packet in the correct timing order
// that is, where this packet fits in time based media
private long timeStamp;
// the type of the media data, or the payload type
private long payloadType;
// the actual media data, also called the payload
private byte data[];
// the get and set methods
public long getSSRC() { return this.SSRC; }
public void setSSRC(long SSRC) { this.SSRC = SSRC; }
public long getSequenceNumber() { return this.sequenceNumber; }
public void setSequenceNumber(long sequenceNumber)
{ this.sequenceNumber = sequenceNumber; }
public long getTimeStamp() { return this.timeStamp; }
public void setTimeStamp(long timeStamp) { this.timeStamp = timeStamp; }
public long getPayloadType() { return this.payloadType; }
public void setPayloadType(long payloadType)
{ this.payloadType = payloadType; }
public byte[] getData() { return this.data; }
public void setData(byte[] data) { this.data = data; }
public String toString() {
return
"RTPPacket " + sequenceNumber +
": [" +
" ssrc=0x" + SSRC +
", timestamp=" + timeStamp +
", payload type=" + payloadType +
" ]";
}
}
The comments within the code should offer you some idea about the various features of anRTP packet. Since you won't be building
a complete RTP client and will be running this code within the confines of this example, the main
feature of the above class is the data, or the payload contained within such a packet. Note that an
RTP packet contains other information as well, which is not modeled by this class.
Create a custom DataSource
A
DataSource is a MMAPI abstract class, implementations of which encapsulate the
task of media data location and retrieval. Device manufacturers provide their own implementations in
the Java ME toolkit for most sources. Developers don't need to create their own custom datasources
because the task of locating data over file or network is rudimentary and fulfilled by the device
manufacturer's implementation. However, in cases where the developer needs to do data retrieval from
a custom source, a custom datasource is the answer, and media data fetched from a streaming server
is a perfect example.
Data retrieval is one thing, while data consumption is another. Since MMAPI doesn't
allow you to create custom media players, will a custom datasource suffice in this example? Let's
proceed further with the creation of the custom datasource before I answer that question. The
following listing shows the starting of the custom datasource class that I will use for talking to
the streaming stream that connects to the source
private SourceStream[] streams;
public StreamingDataSource(String locator) {
super(locator);
setLocator(locator);
}
public void setLocator(String locator) { this.locator = locator; }
public String getLocator() { return locator; }
public void connect() {}
public void stop() {}
public void start() {}
public void disconnect() {}
public String getContentType() { return ""; }
public Control[] getControls() { return null; }
public Control getControl(String controlType) { return null; }
public SourceStream[] getStreams() { return streams; }
}
This class contains only placeholder methods at the moment. Internally, each datasource uses a
SourceStream implementation to read individual streams of data from; therefore,
let's create a simple
SourceStream implementation for reading RTP packets:
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.microedition.media.Control;
import javax.microedition.media.protocol.SourceStream;
import javax.microedition.media.protocol.ContentDescriptor;
public class RTPSourceStream implements SourceStream {
public RTPSourceStream(String address) throws IOException { }
public void close() { }
public int read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length)
throws IOException {
return 0;
}");
}
}
As with the previous listing, this class only contains placeholder methods for the moment. However, all listings so far should compile and preverify successfully.
Creating an RTSP Protocol Handler
Recall thesespecifications for a simple RTSP
client. For the purposes of this article, I am going to oversimplify the protocol
implementation. Figure 1 shows the typical RTSP session between a client and a streaming server.
onclick="window.open('/images/2006/08/experiments-figure1.gif','fullsize','toolbar=no,width=553,
height=941,status=no,location=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,menubar=yes');return false">
src="/images/2006/08/experiments-figure1-sm.gif" vspace="4" alt="Figure 1 - A typical RTSP session
between a RTSP client and a streaming server" width="220" height="374" border="0" />
. For the. For the
RTSP/1.0 200
OK
DESCRIBErequest, the server responds with several parameters, and
if the file is present and streamable, this response contains any information for any tracks in
special control strings that start with a
a=control:trackID=String. The
trackIDis();
}
}
Back to RTPSourceStream and StreamingDataSource.
A MIDlet to see if it theMMAPI.
onclick="window.open('/images/2006/08/experiments-figure3.gif','fullsize','toolbar=no,width=635,
height=239,status=no,location=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,menubar=yes');return false">
src="/images/2006/08/experiments-figure3-sm.gif" vspace="4" alt="Figure 3 - Darwin's admin console
shows that the file is being streamed" width="450" height="169" border=.
Resources
- Sample code for this article
- Sun's MMAPI page
- Simple RTSP Client Steps required to create an RTSP client
- RTSP RFC and RTP RFC
- Apple's Darwin Stream Server information page
- Mobile Media API (MMAPI) Book
- Mobile Media API (MMAPI) Tutorial
- Login or register to post comments
- Printer-friendly version
- 35705 reads
Thanks Vikram, Your
by truptidalia - 2010-07-29 04:02Thanks Vikram, Your this article gave good knowledge and information reg Streaming Videos, J2ME and MMAPI. Unable to download the Drawin Server trying for 2 days. Are you aware of any rtsp site where I can access the video without installing on my PC. Due to this, wasn't able to test the code yet. Waiting eagerly to test the code. Regards,
Hello Vikram, I tried
by truptidalia - 2010-07-31 06:45Hello Vikram, I tried with your code thoroughly and finally I was able to connect to the rtsp server. But while receiving data I face problem. I don't see the RTPPacket strings and the app just stops/hangs. After doing debugging, I found that after finishing docommand() of Handler class, RTPSourceStream : Handler DoPlay done, StreamingDataSource : Finished RTP S.S. start from start() I don't see where the focus runs. Nor I see RTPPacket SOP's (as yours) nor I see SOP of "Player Realized" after player.realize(). "play: player added Listener" is shown after adding listener & before realize(). Why I don't see any RTP packets and no player Realized SOP. What can be the issue. I am trying to access a .3gp file from rtsp server. My Development tools are : WTK 2.5 (also tried with J2ME SDK3) JDK 1.6 Windows Vista REQUEST: Vikram, you are writing good and worthful articles. I think you should also provide support on your articles. How would a person who is new and trying to work on new technology for him via your articles know or find a bug; especially when their is very less resources available on net of such a topic. I hope you to guide me in the problem. Regards,
Hi Vikram, I have downloaded your code and build it with ...
by eyalmnm - 2014-01-06 02:07
Hi Vikram,
I have downloaded your code and build it with NetBeans.
When trying to run the application, i got the following error:
javax.microedition.media.MediaException: Player cannot be created for video/mpeg
while using the following :
Player player = Manager.createPlayer(new StreamingDataSource("rtsp://localhost:554/sample_100kbit.mp4"));
How it can be solved?
Thanks and have a nice day,
Eyal. | https://today.java.net/pub/a/today/2006/08/22/experiments-in-streaming-java-me.html?page=2 | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | refinedweb | 2,706 | 52.8 |
Provided by: manpages-dev_5.10-1ubuntu1_all
NAME
msgctl - System V message control operations
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include <sys/msg.h> int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);
DESCRIPTION
msg creation or last modification by msgctl() */ unsigned long msg_cbytes; /* # of bytes in queue */ msgqnum_t msg_qnum; /* # number of messages in queue */ msglen_t msg_qbytes; /* Maximum # of bytes in queue */ pid_t msg_lspid; /* PID of last msgsnd(2) */ pid_t msg_lrpid; /* PID of last msgrcv(2) */ }; The fields of the msgid_ds structure are as follows: msg_perm This is an ipc_perm structure (see below) that specifies the access permissions on the message queue. msg_stime Time of the last msgsnd(2) system call. msg_rtime Time of the last msgrcv(2) system call. msg_ctime Time of creation of queue or time of last msgctl() IPC_SET operation. msg_cbytes Number of bytes in all messages currently on the message queue. This is a nonstandard Linux extension that is not specified in POSIX. */ }; The least significant 9 bits of the mode field of the ipc_perm structure define the access permissions for the message queue. The permission bits are as follows: 0400 Read by user 0200 Write by user 0040 Read by group 0020 Write by group 0004 Read by others 0002 Write by others Bits 0100, 0010, and 0001 (the execute bits) are unused by the ALSO
msgget(2), msgrcv(2), msgsnd(2), capabilities(7), mq_overview(7), sysvipc(7)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 5.10 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at. | https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/impish/en/man2/msgctl.2.html | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | refinedweb | 270 | 61.97 |
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One of the new features in the .NET Framework (beginning with version 2.0) is the support of generics in Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). Generics use type parameters, which allow you to design classes and methods that defer the specification of one or more types until the class or method is declared and instantiated by client code. Generics enable developers to define type-safe data structures, without binding to specific fixed data types at design time.
Generics are a feature of the IL and not specific to C# alone, so languages such as C# and VB.NET can take advantage of them.
This chapter discusses the basics of generics and how you can use them to enhance efficiency and type safety in your applications. Specifically, you will learn:
Advantages of using generics
How to specify constraints in a generic type
Generic interfaces, structs, methods, operators, and delegates
The various classes in the .NET Framework class library that support generics
Let's look at an example to see how generics work. Suppose that you need to implement your own custom stack class. A stack is a last-in, first-out (LIFO) data structure that enables you to push items into and pop items out of the stack. One possible implementation is:
public class MyStack { private int[] _elements; private int _pointer; public MyStack(int size) { _elements = new int[size];
_pointer = 0; } public void Push(int item) { if (_pointer > _elements.Length - 1) { throw new Exception("Stack ...
No credit card required | https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/c-2008-programmers/9780470285817/ch09.html | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | refinedweb | 247 | 55.54 |
why can’t I run the code if the (if) condition is satisfied? It only runs when you add a print statement while calling the function. Why is it happening ? [exercise of relational operataors II ][]
Why doesn't my code work without a print?
We need to see your code to be able to answer this question. Please post it in a reply. Thank you for posting the URL of the exercise. That makes things so much easier now that we know where to test what you have.
sir, here is the code of that particular thing.!”
graduation_reqs(0.0,0)
There is no output from the above code. The value is returned to the caller and everything ends there. To see the return value we must print it, or at least assign it to a variable so it can be retrieved and printed later.
Then why is it not printing this :-
def applicant_selector(gpa, ps_score, ec_count):
if gpa >= 3.0 and ps_score >= 90 and ec_count >= 3:
return “This applicant should be accepted.”
elif gpa >= 3.0 and ps_score >= 90 and ec_count < 3:
return “This applicant should be given an in-person interview.”
else:
return “This applicant should be rejected.”
a = applicant_selector(4.0,92,3)
print(a)
That’s not the same code.
This code is for the following problem on the website
This is off-topic. Can we solve the original, on topic problem and step away?
Yes sir we can solve the original one . I will try to grasp it from there itself.
If you have a problem still with that other lesson, stay engaged here. We will see that it gets archived in the appropriate section, while we work out a solution with you.
This exercise is a bit weird, If I follow step 2 to the “t”, and do not print (it does not ask for a print, just to define the function) I can’t move on… In step 1 it does not require a print. I let it solve it for me and it showed me the exact same info I entered. | https://discuss.codecademy.com/t/why-doesnt-my-code-work-without-a-print/452100 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | refinedweb | 349 | 83.86 |
The following code implements a loop-check for objects in roundup (not just issues) that refer to the same type of object via a link or multilink property. The code is intended to be called by an auditor. The first parameter is a gettext method for localisation of the error message in Reject. The other paramerts are cl: roundup class, id: id of the current item (can be None for a new item), prop: the name of the link or multilink property of the class for which no loop should occur, and attr: the contents of the prop attribute of the current item. The parameter ids is only used for recursive calls of the function:
from roundup.hyperdb import String, Link, Multilink def check_loop (_, cl, id, prop, attr, ids = []) : is_multi = isinstance (cl.properties [prop], Multilink) assert (is_multi or isinstance (cl.properties [prop], Link)) label = cl.labelprop () if id : ids.append (id) if attr : if not is_multi : attr = [attr] for a in attr : if a in ids : raise Reject, _ ("%s loop: %s") % \ (_ (prop), ','.join ([cl.get (i, label) for i in ids])) check_loop (_, cl, a, prop, cl.get (a, prop), ids) ids.pop () # end def check_loop
Usage example: Say, we have a supervisor attribute in the user class. Now we want to check that there is no supervisor-loop (one person being supervised by him or herself recursively). We'd call the following in an auditor for the user class:
if 'supervisor' in new_values : check_loop (_, cl, nodeid, 'supervisor', new_values ['supervisor']) | http://www.mechanicalcat.net/tech/roundup/wiki/LoopCheck | crawl-001 | refinedweb | 254 | 63.49 |
Bugtraq
mailing list archives
* Felix von Leitner:
static inline int range_ptrinbuf(const void* buf,unsigned long len,const void* ptr) {
register const char* c=(const char*)buf; /* no pointer arithmetic on void* */
return (c && c+len>c && (const char*)ptr-c<len);
}
It seems that the problem is that
c + len > c
is equivalent to
len != 0.
Either c + len is within the same object c points to, and it's value
is larger than c (provided that len is not zero), or c + len is
undefined (because it's not the same object). In the latter case, the
outcome is not specified by the C standard (or the GCC documentation),
so it's permissible to choose len != 0 as the value, too.
I wouldn't rule out a compiler bug in this area, but the test case is
invalid.
By Date
By Thread | http://seclists.org/bugtraq/2006/Apr/363 | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | refinedweb | 144 | 66.37 |
Text summarization is an increasingly useful tool. So much time is wasted not paying attention while attempting to read full documents. We can use text summarization to save time and extract the objectively most important part of many documents such as notes, reports, or news articles with interesting headlines. Check out this example of AI summaries of the Top 10 Schools in America.
There are many ways to do text summarization ranging from asking your intern to summarize a document for you to using an online AI tool. In this post, we’re going to focus on how AI summarizes text, the Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques involved, and how you can use AI to summarize text for you.
How Does AI Summarize Text Documents?
There are two types of summarizations, extractive summaries and abstractive summaries. These summarizations differ in the kind of information they return and use case. Extractive summaries are best used for factual documents. Abstractive summaries are best used for documents where sentences may build upon each other and you don’t need the exact facts.
Abstractive Summaries
An abstractive summary tries to obtain meaning from the document and then use that structured meaning to return a summary. AI used to create abstractive summaries don’t actually know what the text means. The models create mathematical representations of the text and then compares those representations to data that it was trained on. Once it has created those representations, it derives other representations of the data and smushes those together to create and return sentences.
To do an abstractive summarization, you need an NLP model that has a training text which corresponds well to the text you want to summarize. You will also need access to a lot of high powered processing CPUs, GPUs, or TPUs.
The advantages of abstractive summaries include:
- Being able to guess at “meaning” behind the text
- Being able to combine multiple sentences into one
- Well suited for when you don’t need the exact facts of a document
The disadvantages of abstractive summaries include:
- Highly dependent on the text the model was trained on
- Highly computationally expensive
- Not a good fit for fact sheets or producing objective summaries
Extractive Summaries
Extractive summaries focus on extracting the most important existing snippets of text in your document. AI used to create extractive summaries don’t bother with guessing at what your text means. The NLP models involved find the most important sentences based on a number of differing factors by model. These factors can include how often words appear, how often phrases appear, how often similar sentences appear, and many more. It then assigns weights to these sentences and can either return the sentences in weighted order or the same order it was in for the text.
To perform extractive summarization from scratch, you will need an NLP model that can do part of speech tagging and sentence detection. You may also want to have your model do phrase tagging, named entity recognition, or paragraph detection.
The advantages of extractive summarization include:
- Being well suited for business needs such as fact sheets and other documents
- Not highly dependent on the training data
- Faster, cheaper, and more processing power efficient
The disadvantages of extractive summarization include:
- The model doesn’t care what the text actually means
- The model doesn’t know what the text actually means
- No new sentences are created
How Can I Use AI to Summarize Text for Me?
You can opt to build your own summarizer, check out how to build a simple extractive summarizer. If you don’t want to go through that, I’m going to show you how to use a pre-built summarizer from the web API, The Text API in under 20 lines of Python code! First you’ll need to go to The Text API website and get your free API key. Then you’ll need to install the
requests module using
pip in the command line like so:
pip install requests
Use AI to Summarize Text in Under 20 Lines of Python!
We’ll start off by importing the libraries we need and our API key we got earlier. We’ll use the
requests library to send off an HTTP request and the
json library to parse our response. I’ve stored my API key in a config file, it’s up to you how you want to access your API key.
import requests import json from config import apikey
After importing our libraries and API key, let’s set up our requests. We’ll need to define what text we want summarized, some headers, the body of the request, and the URL endpoint. For this example, we’ll be summarizing my opinion of The Text API. It’s the best text processing API I’ve seen online, and if you find a better one, please let me know!
The headers of our request will tell the server that we’re sending JSON content and pass in our API key. The body will simply pass in the
text to the API. The URL endpoint we’ll hit is the
summarize endpoint of The Text API.
text = "The Text API is easy to use and useful for anyone who needs to do text processing. It's the best Text Processing web API. The Text API allows you to do amazing NLP without having to download or manage any models. The Text API provides many NLP capabilities. These capabilities range from custom Named Entity Recognition (NER) to Summarization to extracting the Most Common Phrases. NER and Summarizations are both commonly used endpoints with business use cases. Use cases include identifying entities in articles, summarizing news articles, and more. The Text API is built on a transformer model." headers = { "Content-Type": "application/json", "apikey": apikey } body = { "text": text } url = ""
Now that we’re all set up, let’s send our request! After sending our request, we use the
json library to parse it and then print out our summary.
response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=body) summary = json.loads(response.text)["summary"] print(summary)
Let’s take a look at this example summarization. We can see that this extractive summary does a pretty good job of identifying the important sentences that we need to know when evaluating a text. The summarization gives us a good idea of what The Text API does and if we need to evaluate it further or not.
Conclusion
Text summarization is a broad field that falls into two subcategories, extractive and abstractive summaries. Extractive summaries are best suited to most business and personal needs when it comes to preserving document information. We can do an extractive summary with Python in under 20 lines of code thanks to The Text API. is AI Text Summarization and How Can I Use It?” | https://pythonalgos.com/what-is-ai-text-summarization-and-how-can-i-use-it/ | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | refinedweb | 1,137 | 60.35 |
User:SPIKE/2013-2
From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
edit Heil to the Chief
I liked that pun (which I can now say given VFS drama is over). • Puppy's talk page)
- Not I. • Puppy's talk page • 05:47 04 Feb
edit
edit)
edit.
- I just googled “Shirley Phelps-Roper”. After Wikipedia and a twitter account, we're the third result. People looking for her will visit here before going to WBC. That makes me happy. • Puppy's talk page • 12:59 10 Feb. • Puppy's talk page
edit.) • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page • 02:06 11 Feb
edit
edit. • Puppy's talk page)
- You're both wrong. You're acting as though it's 2013! • Puppy's talk page • 11:45 16 Fe.) • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page • 12:14 16 Feb
- I stand corrected; Summons doesn't stand at all. Spıke ¬ 12:18 16-Feb-13
edit
edit. • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page • 02:24 17 Feb
- Sub the new one into that UnNews and I will. Spıke ¬ 02:27 17-Feb-13
- Done. • Puppy's talk page • 04:30 17 Feb
-
edit
edit)
edit
edit
edit AF17 missed one
Didn't pick up on this edit. (The edit linked to, not the edit I'm making now.) I haven't looked at the filter so I have no idea why/why not. • Puppy's talk page
edit)
edit WP:HOTCAT
Hi. For a short period the interwiki wp has been turned off. Can I get you to move this to IWP:HOTCAT before Tim (the lovely fellow at Wikia) turns that iw back on? • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page • 03:56 21 Feb 2013
- At your leisure. Do you realize the "Hot Chicks" one is missing the colon? Spıke ¬ 04:06 21-Feb-13
- Yeah - I wanted to move it for the moment anyway just so that when I did a prefix index for "wp" it stayed out of the equation. • Puppy's talk page • 09:25 21 Feb 2013
edit
- Creating a better Unquotable from three less quality ones is different from a debate about the survival of a namespace. I can't see this being an issue. • Puppy's talk page • 10:10 21 Feb 2013
-. • Puppy's talk page
edit. • Puppy's talk page • 12:44 24 Feb 2013
- The only documentation I have here (for CSS1) says that you have to code:
@import url(...)
It should work with or without the
url(…. I've tried both anyway, but still stumbling. • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page • 01:15 24 Feb 2013
“Click here and press Save” • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page)." • Puppy's talk page • 04:55 24 Feb 2013
edit. • Puppy's talk page
edit I can't add any comment to the latest Village Dump Topic
I wanted to add a comment to the "who's staying' topic in the village dump....--
edit. • Puppy's talk page.) • Puppy's talk page • 12:31 01 Mar 2013
No… the FA cat filter won't work as it's generally added via transposition - which I do want to do something else about. But the YouTube idea is still valid. • Puppy's talk page767e39fb42f27213
edit. • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page alt="Symbol delete vote" class="lzy lzyPlcHld " data-image-key="Symbol_delete_vote.svg" data-image-name="Symbol delete vote.svg" data-src="" width="17" height="17". • Puppy's talk page
edit
edit
edit
edit
edit. • Puppy's talk page • 04:34 09 Mar 2013
edit
edit. • Puppy's talk page • 12:08 08 Feb
- No offense taken. Only, when I added my own option, I styled it as an afterthought. It might look peculiar when not occurring last. Spıke ¬ 03:04 8-Feb-13
edit. • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page). • Puppy's talk page. • Puppy's talk page • 02:11 10 Mar 2013
edit I'm an idiot
In MediaWiki:Common.css could you change
.ContentWarning h2 { to
.ContentWarning.WikiaArticle h2 {? • Puppy's talk page • 12:51 12 Mar 2013
edit)
edit
edit | http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/User:SPIKE/2013-2 | CC-MAIN-2014-41 | refinedweb | 697 | 79.06 |
Ullman’s Puzzle
December 7, 2010
This puzzle is due to Jeffrey Ullman:
Given a list of n real numbers, a real number t, and an integer k, determine if there exists a k-element subset of the original list of n real numbers that is less than t.
For instance, given the list of 25 real numbers and k = 3, the 3-element subset 31.7, 16.5 and 19.6 sums to 67.8, which is less than 98.2, so the result is true.
This is a puzzle, so you’re not allowed to look at the suggested solution until you have your own solution.
Your task is to write a function that makes that determination. When you are finished, you are welcome to read or run a suggested solution, or to post your own solution or discuss the exercise in the comments below.
My Haskell solution (see for a version with comments):
My O(n log n) solution is similar to the one given. I did keep one quick check in that’s not
strictly necessary, though: if k times the first (smallest) element is bigger than t, then we
needn’t bother adding things up. This is a remnant from when I first started working on the
problem. I was trying to find things that would reduce the amount of work needed in
O(n log n) time or less before I came upon the final answer. Since it’s a quick check for small
first values, I’ve kept it in.
My Ocaml commented solution:
This is O(n lg(k)) instead of O(n lg(n)).
Here’s my try , not sure if it is right way to do
Also have not checked if it is correct (will do that later).
(define (solve nums t k)
(let ([p-num (/ t k)])
(let ([l1 (filter (lambda (n) (= n p-num)) nums)])
(if (empty? l1)
#f
(let ([len (length l1)])
(if (>= len k)
(take l1 k)
(let ([new-k (- k len)])
(let ([solved (solve l2 (- t (apply + l1)) new-k)])
(if solved
(append l1 solved )
#f)))))))))
oops formatting
hmm , i guess mine is in quadratic , not good :)
A slightly un-optimized and simplistic Python version:
{{{
def ullman(numbers, threshold, k):
count = 0
for x in numbers:
count += 1
if (k – 1) < count and count <= len(numbers):
b = count – k # subsequence start
e = count # subsequence end
if sum(numbers[b:e]) < threshold:
return True
return False
}}}
Formatting fail…
Keramida:
sorry but your code does not return true for this case:
You only select the k-subsets of contiguous elements of the set, which are not all k-subsets of the original set.
An improved version of my previous post. Thanks to F. Carr for the inspiration.
In F#.
Gregory LEOCADIE, you’re right. I didn’t realize that we were looking for non-contiguous subsets too.
;) just call me Greg ;)
I’m not really sure about the complexity of this, but I think it’s O(n k). Also I’m not sure about the take & drop from the standard prelude—my leading & without were O(k) but assumed n > k.
The J solution (and algorithm) is pretty simple: sort the data set, and test if the sum of the K first items sum is less than T.
NB. Three inputs:
NB. DATA – the data set of numbers (in the example, 25 real numbers)
NB. K – the grouping factor (in the example, 3)
NB. LIMIT – the sum limit (in the example, 98.2
up =: dyad def 0
NB. LIMIT K up DATA
({.x)>+/({:x){.(/:{])y
)
NB. Returns 1 for true and 0 for false
testdata =. (25?1000)%1+25?100
testdata
35.8148 1.26667 3.93814 51.8571 3.73034 24.7838 3.74324 4.6 58.1667 5.63291 12.425 12.8333 4.64789 49.125 17.8261 10.1528 14.4167 6.32 11.2436 218 26.5294 4.64211 4.35366 26.9524 4.79104
<./testdata NB. mininum
1.26667
>./testdata NB. maximum
218
(+/ % #)testdata NB. average
24.7117
98.2 3 up testdata
1
10 3 up testdata
1
5 3 up testdata
0
3{.(/:{])testdata NB. 3 smallest numbers
1.26667 3.73034 3.74324
Just getting used to Q :)
/ data
n
k:3
/ func
df:{y>+/[asc[x][til z]]}
df[n;t;k]
Another J solution.
ullman=: 3 : 0
‘t k list’ =. y
list =. /:~ list NB. ascending sort
set =. k {. list NB. first k items
U =. t > +/set NB. test
U ; U#set NB. result; empty set if false
)
ullman 12.3; 4; 145.3 3 4 4 5 655 _3 6
+-+——–+
|1|_3 3 4 4|
+-+——–+
ullman 2.3; 4; 145.3 3 4 4 5 655 _3 6
+-++
|0||
+-++
I got asked a variant of this question in a phone interview for Google. I basically used the sorting solution above, but my interviewer told me there’s a better solution. Instead, if you use a data structure like a BST or a heap, size-bounded at k elements, and replacing the largest element when you find something smaller than it, you can reduce the complexity from O(n log n) to O(n log k). In the worst case scenario, where k = n, the complexity will become O(n log n), but otherwise it will be quicker. Thanks for the coding puzzles, and keep up the good work!
the ‘better’ solution will not even get the first line coded by the time {t > +/ k take sort V} gets coded. One could use the remaining time to find an idiomatic shortcut to k take sort V, which is what Matt described with the data structure solution, like:
t > +/ k take_sort V
Note, that kind of optimization not being obvious with an algoloid language. | http://programmingpraxis.com/2010/12/07/ullmans-puzzle/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=d42062ed33 | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | refinedweb | 967 | 72.36 |
vamsikrishna 0 Posted November 30, 2010 (edited) Hi Guys, I am new to autoit.I am trying to upload a file as follows.Click on Browse button >select path of file to be uploaded and click on open. What happens here is code gets executed till clicking browse button but after that, choose file titled window is not recognized.Code I have used,"") then $MyIExplorer=$Window exitloop endif next $oForm = _IEGetObjByName ($MyIExplorer, "alfFileInput") _IEAction($oForm, "click") ;Here after code is not getting executed WinWaitActive("Choose file") Send("C:\d.bmp") Send("{ENTER}") Note:-After command "_IEAction($oForm, "click")"...system keeps the "choose file "titled window opened to select path of file and click on open.But system does not recognize choose file titled window to select file and does not write file path in browse button text area.In short path of file to be written is not recognized(whole window I can say ). Interesting thing is if I cancel this window and again clicks on browse button ,then automatically system writes path in text area of browse and clicks on open and uploads the file.Same thing happens when code till command "_IEAction($oForm, "click")" and after this command are made into separate exe files and run. Please help me out in resolving this issue.Also please give me some clarity how these shell windows are calculated.Its urgent please. I want to click on browse button,select path >open and see uploaded file in the page. Edited November 30, 2010 by vamsikrishna Share this post Link to post Share on other sites | https://www.autoitscript.com/forum/topic/122699-upload-file-issue-in-ie/ | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | refinedweb | 264 | 64.51 |
Title: cookielib Example
Submitter: Michael Foord
(other recipes)Michael Foord
(other recipes)
Last Updated: 2004/12/28
Version no: 1.1
Category:
Web
2 vote(s)
Description:
cook.
Source: Text Source
#!/usr/local/bin/python
# 31-08-04
#v1.0.0
# cookie_example.py
# An example showing the usage of cookielib (New to Python 2.4) and ClientCookie
# You are free to modify, use and relicense this code.
# No warranty express or implied for the accuracy, fitness to purpose or otherwise for this code....
# Use at your own risk !!!
# If you have any bug reports, questions or suggestions please contact me.
# If you would like to be notified of bugfixes/updates then please contact me and I'll add you to my mailing list.
# Maintained at
COOKIEFILE = 'cookies.lwp' # the path and filename that you want to use to save your cookies in
import os.path
cj = None
ClientCookie = None
cookielib = None
try: # Let's see if cookielib is available
import cookielib
except ImportError:
pass
else:
import urllib2
urlopen = urllib2.urlopen
cj = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() # This is a subclass of FileCookieJar that has useful load and save methods
Request = urllib2.Request
if not cookielib: # If importing cookielib fails let's try ClientCookie
try:
import ClientCookie
except ImportError:
import urllib2
urlopen = urllib2.urlopen
Request = urllib2.Request
else:
urlopen = ClientCookie.urlopen
cj = ClientCookie.LWPCookieJar()
Request = ClientCookie.Request
####################################################
# We've now imported the relevant library - whichever library is being used urlopen is bound to the right function for retrieving URLs
# Request is bound to the right function for creating Request objects
# Let's load the cookies, if they exist.
if cj != None: # now we have to install our CookieJar so that it is used as the default CookieProcessor in the default opener handler
if os.path.isfile(COOKIEFILE):
cj.load(COOKIEFILE)
if cookielib:
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
else:
opener = ClientCookie.build_opener(ClientCookie.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
ClientCookie.install_opener(opener)
# If one of the cookie libraries is available, any call to urlopen will handle cookies using the CookieJar instance we've created
# (Note that if we are using ClientCookie we haven't explicitly imported urllib2)
# as an example :
theurl = '' # an example url that sets a cookie, try different urls here and see the cookie collection you can make !
txdata = None # if we were making a POST type request, we could encode a dictionary of values here - using urllib.urlencode
else:
print 'Here are the headers of the page :'
print handle.info() # handle.read() returns the page, handle.geturl() returns the true url of the page fetched (in case urlopen has followed any redirects, which it sometimes does)
print
if cj ==....
Add comment
Number of comments: 9
backporting cookielib, Ian Bicking, 2004/09/01
Is cookielib backward compatible to older versions of Python? Or can it be ported if not? This seems easier than dealing with both ClientCookie and cookielib.
Add comment
Backporting cookielib, Michael Foord,Michael Foord, 2004/09/01.
Add comment
This code is magnificent and just works as it should be :), Nikos Kouremenos, 2004/09/03]
Add comment
Thanks, Michael Foord,Michael Foord, 2004/09/06
Thanks for the appreciation !
I also like your additional examples.... - Fuzzy
Add comment
Typo?, Mikael Norgren, 2004/10/03
Think there's a lil' typo in the article.
Shouldn't Request = urlib2.Request be Request = urllib2.Request (urlib2 -> urllib2)?
Add comment
Typo?, Mikael Norgren, 2004/10/03
Think there's a lil' typo in the article.
Shouldn't
Request = urlib2.Request
Request = urllib2.Request
yes, it's a typo.., Nikos Kouremenos, 2004/12/17
and it became obvius to me too while using Python 2.4 :)
Add comment
Oops.., Michael Foord,Michael Foord, 2004/12/28
Sorry about that... typos belatedly corrected.
Add comment
Empty cookies.lwp file when save() called, Alen Ribic, 2007/03/09
Add comment
session cookies, Vladimir Cambur, 2007/07/06
if there are only session cookies you won't see them in the cookies.lwp
because by default session cookies are not saved.
if you pass ignore_discard=True to save() then they will be saved. | http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/302930 | crawl-001 | refinedweb | 675 | 60.31 |
In this tutorial, you will learn how to read csv file.
CSV (Comma Separated Value) is a common type of data file which can be exported by many applications, spreadsheets like Excel. It is easy to read and there is no need of using any API to read these files. In the given example, we have opened a file data.csv and created a BufferedReader object to read the data from this file in a line at a time. Then we have used StringTokenizer class to break the line using ",". The delimiter for a CSV file is a comma therefore we have used comma to break a line using StringTokenizer. The method hasMoreTokens() check for the next string and nextToken() method stores the row data into the array where each token is represented as each cell value.
Here is a csv file:
Example
import java.io.*; import java.util.*; public class ReadCSV{ public static void main(String args[]){ try{ int row = 0; int col = 0; String[][] numbers=new String[24][24]; File file = new File("c:/data.csv"); if(file.exists()){ System.out.println("File Exists"); } BufferedReader bufRdr; bufRdr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file)); String line = null; while((line = bufRdr.readLine()) != null){ StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line,","); col=0; while (st.hasMoreTokens()){ numbers[row][col] = st.nextToken(); System.out.print(numbers[row][col]+"\t"); col++; } System.out.println(); row++; } bufRdr.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println("The following error accurred"+e); } } }
Output:
File Exists 1 Roxi Delhi roxi@roseindia.net 2 Mandy Mumbai mandy@roseindia.net 3 Rixi Agra rixi@roseindia.net 4 Jenson Chennai jenson@roseindia.net 5 Andrew Kolkata andrew@roseindia.net | http://www.roseindia.net/tutorial/java/core/readCSVFile.html | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | refinedweb | 280 | 52.36 |
11 September 2012 08:18 [Source: ICIS news]
SINAGPORE (ICIS)--?xml:namespace>
The two plants constitute the first phase of the company’s project at Fukang, according to the source.
The company also plans to bring on stream the second phase at the same site, which includes another 400,000 tonne/year PVC and 300,000 tonne/year caustic soda plant, within this year, but the exact time of the start-up will depend on the operating status of the first phase, she said.
The two new phases will increase the producer’s total PVC and caustic soda capacity to 1.5m tonnes/year and 1.1m tonnes/year, respectively, according to the source.
Zhongtai Chemical will sell its output to both | http://www.icis.com/Articles/2012/09/11/9594339/chinas-zhongtai-chem-to-start-up-fukang-pvc-caustic-soda.html | CC-MAIN-2014-41 | refinedweb | 122 | 64.3 |
Created on 2007-12-12 09:56 by mark, last changed 2016-10-22 10:46 by THRlWiTi. This issue is now closed.
I am not sure if this is a Python bug or simply a limitation of cmd.exe.
I am using Windows XP Home.
I run cmd.exe with the /u option and I have set my console font to
"Lucida Console" (the only TrueType font offered), and I run chcp 65001
to set the utf8 code page.
When I run the following program:
for x in range(32, 2000):
print("{0:5X} {0:c}".format(x))
one blank line is output.
But if I do chcp 1252 the program prints up to 7F before hitting a
unicode encoding error.
This is different behaviour from Python 2.5.1 which (with a suitably
modified print line) after chcp 65001 prints up to 7F and then fails
with "IOError: [Errno 0] Error".
I've looked into this a bit more, and from what I can see, code page
65001 just doesn't work---so it is a Windows problem not a Python problem.
A possible solution might be to read/write UTF16 which "managed" Windows
applications can do.
We are aware of multiple Windows related problems. We are planing to
rewrite parts of the Windows specific API to use the widechar variants.
Maybe that will help.
Yes, it is a Windows problem. There simply doesn't seem to be a true
Unicode codepage for command-line apps. Recommend closing.
Just in case it helps, this behaviour is on Win XP Pro, Python 2.5.1:
First, I added an alias for 'cp65001' to 'utf_8' in
Lib/encodings/aliases.py .
Then, I opened a command prompt with a bitmap font.
c:\windows\system32>python
Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, Apr 18 2007, 08:51:08) [MSC v.1310 32 bit
(Intel)] on
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print u"\N{EM DASH}"
—
I switched the font to Lucida Console, and retried (without exiting the
python interpreter, although the behaviour is the same when exiting and
entering again: )
>>> print u"\N{EM DASH}"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied
Then I tried (by pressing Alt+0233 for é, which is invalid in my normal
cp1253 codepage):
>>> print u"née"
and the interpreter exits without any information. So it does for:
>>> a=u"née"
Then I created a UTF-8 text file named 'test65001.py':
# -*- coding: utf_8 -*-
a=u"néeα"
print a
and tried to run it directly from the command line:
c:\windows\system32>python d:\src\PYTHON\test65001.py
néeαTraceback (most recent call last):
File "d:\src\PYTHON\test65001.py", line 4, in <module>
print a
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
You see? It printed all the characters before failing.
Also the following works:
c:\windows\system32>echo heéε
heéε
and
c:\windows\system32>echo heéε >D:\src\PYTHON\dummy.txt
creates successfully a UTF-8 file (without any UTF-8 BOM marks at the
beginning).
So it's possible that it is a python bug, or at least something can be
done about it.
an immediate thing to do is to declare cp65001 as an encoding:
Index: Lib/encodings/aliases.py
===================================================================
--- Lib/encodings/aliases.py (revision 72757)
+++ Lib/encodings/aliases.py (working copy)
@@ -511,6 +511,7 @@
'utf8' : 'utf_8',
'utf8_ucs2' : 'utf_8',
'utf8_ucs4' : 'utf_8',
+ 'cp65001' : 'utf_8',
## uu_codec codec
#'uu' : 'uu_codec',
This is not enough unfortunately, because the win32 API function
WriteFile() returns the number of characters written, not the number of
(utf8) bytes:
>>> print("\u0124\u0102" + 'abc')
ĤĂabc
c
[44420 refs]
>>>
Additionally, there is a bug in the ReadFile, which returns an empty
string (and no error) when a non-ascii character is entered, which is
the behavior of an EOF condition...
Maybe the solution is to use the win32 console API directly... Python 3.1.1, the following batch file seems to be necessary to use
UTF-8 successfully from an XP console:
set PYTHONIOENCODING=UTF-8
cmd /u /k chcp 65001
set PYTHONIOENCODING=
exit
the cmd line seems to be necessary because of Windows having
compatibility issues, but it seems that Python should notice the cp65001
and not need the PYTHONIOENCODING stuff...
It is certainly possible to write Unicode to the console successfully using WriteConsoleW. This works regardless of the console code page, including 65001. The code <a href="">here</a> does so (it's for Python 2.x, but you'd be calling WriteConsoleW from C anyway).
WriteConsoleW has one bug that I know of, which is that it <a href="">fails when writing more than 26608 characters at once</a>. That's easy to work around by limiting the amount of data passed in a single call.
Fonts are not Python's problem, but encoding is. It doesn't make sense to fail to output the right characters just because some users might not have selected fonts that can display those characters. This bug should be reopened.
(For completeness, it is possible to display Unicode on the console using fonts other than Lucida Console and Consolas, but it <a href="">requires a registry hack</a>.) are some results of my test of unicode2.py. I'm testing py3k on Windows XP, OEM: cp850, ANSI: cp1252.
Raster fonts
------------
With a fresh console, unicode2.py displays "?????????????????". input() accepts characters encodable to the OEM code page.
If I set the code page to 65001 (chcp program+set PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8; or SetConsoleCP() + SetConsoleOutputCP()), it displays weird characters. input() accepts ASCII characters, but non-ASCII characters (encodable to the console and OEM code pages) display weird characters (smileys! control characters?).
Lucida console
--------------
With my system code page (OEM: cp850), characters not encodable to the code pages are displayed correctly. I can type some non-ASCII characters (encodable to the code page). If I copy/paste characters non encodable to the code page, there are replaced by similar glyph (eg. Ł => L) or ? (€ => ?).
If I set the code page to 65001, all characters are still correctly displayed. But I cannot type non-ASCII characters anymore: input() fails with EOFError (I suppose that Python gets control characters).
Redirect output to a pipe
-------------------------
I patched unicode2.py to use sys.stdout.buffer instead of sys.stdout for UnicodeOutput stream. I also patched UnicodeOutput to replace \n by \r\n.
It works correctly with any character. No UTF-8 BOM is written. But "Here 1" is written at the end. I suppose that sys.stdout should be flushed before the creation of UnicodeOutput.
But it always use UTF-8. I don't know if UTF-8 is well supported by any application on Windows.
Without unicode2.py, only characters encodable to OEM code page are supported, and \n is used as end of line string.. For test (t2), I copy €-Ł and paste it to the console (right click on the window title > Edit > Paste).
Raster fonts, console=cp850:
d1) ok
t1) ok
d2) FAIL: €-Ł is displayed ?-L
t2) FAIL: €-Ł is read as ?-L
Raster fonts, console=cp65001:
d1) FAIL: é is displayed as 2 strange glyphs
t1) FAIL: EOFError
d2) FAIL: only display unreadable glyphs
t2) FAIL: EOFError
Lucida console, console=cp850:
d1) ok
t1) ok
d2) ok
t2) FAIL: €-Ł is read as ?-L
Lucida console, console=cp65001:
d1) ok
t1) FAIL: EOFError
d2) ok
t2) FAIL: EOFError
So, setting the console code page to 65001 doesn't solve any issue, but it breaks the input (input with the keyboard or pasting text).
With Raster fonts or Lucida console, it's possible to display characters encodable to the code page. But it is not new, it's already possible with Python 3. But for characters not encodable to the code page, it works with unicode2.py and Lucida console, with is something new :-)
For the input, I suppose that we need also to use a Windows console function, to support unencodable characters.
> ...,-Sarah said:. underlying cause of Python's write exceptions with cp65001 is:
The ANSI C write() function as implemented by the Windows console returns the number of _characters_ written rather than the number of _bytes_, which Python reasonably interprets as a "short write error". It then consults errno, which gives the effectively random error message seen.
This can be bypassed by using os.write(sys.stdout.fileno(), utf8str), which will a) succeed and b) return a count <= len(utf8str).
With os.write() and an appropriate font, the Windows console will correctly display a large number of characters.
Possible workaround: clear errno before calling write, check for non-zero errno after. The vast majority of (non-Python) applications never check the return value of write, so don't encounter this problem..
A little more empirical info: the missing "errors" attribute doesn't show up except for input. print works fine.
For the win_console.patch, it seems like adding the line
self.errors='strict'
inside UnicodeOutput.__init__ resolves the problem with input causing exceptions.
Not sure if the sys_write_stdout.patch has the same sort of problem. Sure home this issue makes it into 3.3.
3.3b0, Win7, 64 bit. Original test script stops at
File "C:\Programs\Python33\lib\encodings\cp437.py", line 19, in encode
return codecs.charmap_encode(input,self.errors,encoding_map)[0]
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character '\x80' in position 6:
I am slightly puzzled because cp437 is an extended ascii codepage and there *is* a character for 0x80
If I add .encode('latin1'), it does not print the pentagon for 0x7e, but does print \x7e to \xff.
Someone wrote elsewhere that 3.3 could use cp65001. True?
My fix for this "errors" error, might be similar to what is needed for issue 12967, although I don't know if my fix is really correct... just that it gets past the error, and 'strict' is the default for TextIOWrapper.
I'm not at all sure why there is now (since 3.2) an interaction between input on stdin and the particulars of the output class for stdout. But I'm not at all an expert in Python internals or Python IO.
I'm not sure whether or not you applied the patch to your b0, if not, that is what I'm running, too... but using the win_console.patch as supporting code. The original test script didn't use the supporting code.
If you did patch your b0 bwith unicode3.py, then you shouldn't need to do a chcp to write any Unicode characters; someone reported that doing a chcp caused problems, but I don't know how to apply the patch or build a Python with it, so can't really test all the cases. Victor did add a cp65001 codec using a different issue, not sure how that is relevant here, other than for the tests he wrote.
I was reporting stock, as distributed 3.3b0.
Is unicode3.py something to run once or import in each app that wants unicode output? Either way, if it is possible to fix the console, why is it not distribute it with the fix?
>Terry, applications for non-programmers that want to emit Unicode on the console... so the IDLE shell isn't appropriate.
Someone just posted on python-list about a problem with that.
Hmm. Maybe IDLE should gain a batch-mode console window -- basically a stripped down version of the current shell -- a minimal auto-gui for apps.
Ter.
Hello, I'm trying to handle Unicode input and output in Windows console and found this issue. Will this be solved in 3.3 final? I tried to write a solution (file attached) based on solution here – rewriting sys.stdin and sys.stdout so it uses ReadConsoleW and WriteConsoleW.
Output works well, but there are few problems with input. First, the Python interactive interpreter actually doesn't use sys.stdin but standard C stdin. It's implemented over file pointer (PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags, PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags in pythonrun). But still the interpreter uses sys.stdin.encoding (assigning sys.stdin something, that doesn't have encoding==None freezes the interpreter). Wouldn't it make more sense if it used sys.__stdin__.encoding?
However, input() (which uses stdin.readline) works as expected. There's a small problem with KeyboardInterrupt. Since signals are processed asynchronously, it's raised at random place and it behaves wierdly. time.sleep(0.01) after the C call works well, but it's an ugly solution.
When code.interact() is used instead of standard interpreter, it works as expected. Is there a way of changing the intepreter loop? Some hook which calls code.interact() at the right place? The patch can be applied in site or sitecustomized, but calling code.iteract() there obviously doesn't work.
Some other remarks:
- When sys.stdin or sys.stdout doesn't define encoding and errors, input() raises TypeError: bad argument type for built-in operation.
- input() raises KeyboardInterrupt on Ctrl-C in Python 3.2 but not in Python 3.3rc2.
> Will.
I have finished a solution working for me. It bypasses standard Python interactive interpreter and uses its own repl based on code.interact(). This repl is activated by an ugly hack since PYTHONSTARTUP doesn't apply when some file is run (python -i somefile.py). Why it works like that? Startup script could find out if a file is run or not. If anybody knows how to get rid of time.sleep() used for wait for KeyboardInterrupt or how to get rid of PromptHack, please let me know. The "patch" can be activated by win_unicode_console_2.enable(change_console=True, use_hack=True) in site or sitecustomize or usercustomize.
Hello. I have made a small upgrade of the workaround.
• win_unicode_console.enable_streams() sets sys.stdin, stdout and stderr to custom filelike objects which use Windows functions ReadConcoleW and WriteConsoleW to handle unicode data properly. This can be done in sitecustomize.py to take effect automatically.
• Since Python interactive console doesn't use sys.stdin for getting input (still don't know reason for this), there is an alternative repl based on code.interact(). win_unicode_console.IntertactiveConsole.enable() sets it up. To set it up automatically, put the enabling code into a startup file and set PYTHONSTARTUP environment variable. This works for interactive session (just running python with no script).
• Since there is no hook to run InteractiveConsole.enable() when a script is run interactively (-i flag), that is after the script and before the interactive session, I have written a helper script i.py. It just runs given script and then enters an interactive mode using InteractiveConsole. Just put i.py into site-packages and run "py -m i script.py arguments" instead of "py -i script.py arguments".
It's a shame that in the year 2013 one cannot simply run Python console on Windows and enter Unicode characters. I'm not saying it's just Python fault, but there is a workaround on Python side.
Hello again. I have rewritten the custom stdio objects and implemented them as raw io reading and writing bytes in UTF-16-LE encoding. They are then wrapped in standard BufferedReader/Writer and TextIOWrapper objects. This approach also solves a bug of wrong string length given to WriteConsoleW when the string contained supplementary character. Since we are waiting for Ctrl-C signal to arrive, this implmentation doesn't suffer from . It seems to work when main script is executed however it doesn't work in Python interactive REPL since the REPL doesn't use sys.stdin for input. However it uses its encoding which results in mess when sys.stdin is changed to object with different encoding like UTF-16-LE. See .
Hi Drekin. Thanks for your work in progressing this issue. There have been a variety of techniques proposed for this issue, but it sounds like yours has built on what the others learned, and is close to complete, together with issue 17620.
Is this in a form that can be used with Python 3.3? or 3.4 alpha? Can it be loaded externally from a script, or must it be compiled into Python, or both?
I've been using a variant of davidsarah's patch since 2 years now, but would like to take yours out for a spin. Is there a Complete Idiot's guide to using your patch? :)
From reading the module,
import stream; stream.enable()
replaces sys.stdin/out/err with new classes.
Glenn Linderman: Yes I have built on what the others learned. For your question, I made it and tested it in Python 3.3, it should also work in 3.4 and what I've tried, it actually works. As Terry J. Reedy says you can just load the module and enable the streams. I do this automatically on startup using sitecustomize. However as I said currently this meeses up the interactive session because of . I have made some workaround – custom REPL built on stdlib module code. And also a helper script which runs the main script and then runs the custom REPL (I couldn't find any stadard hook which would run the custom REPL). I'm uploding full code. I will delete it if this isn't appropriate place.
Things like this could be fixed more easily if more core interpreter logic took place in stdlib. E. g. the code for interactive REPL. Few days ago I started some discussion on python ideas: .
The fact Unicode doesn't work at the command prompt makes it look like Unicode on Windows just plain doesn't work, even in Python 3. Steve, if you (or a colleague) could provide some insight on getting this to work properly, that would be greatly appreciated.
My understanding is that the best way to write Unicode to the console is through WriteConsoleW(), which seems to be where this discussion ended up. The only apparent sticking point is that this would cause an ordering incompatibility with `stdout.write(); stdout.buffer.write(); stdout.write()`.
Last I heard, the official "advice" was to use PowerShell. Clearly everyone's keen to jump on that... (I'm not even sure it's an instant fix either - PS is a much better shell for file manipulation and certainly handles encoding better than type/echo/etc., but I think it will still go back to the OEM CP for executables.)
One other point that came up was UTF-8 handling after redirecting output to a file. I don't see an issue there - UTF-8 is going to be one of the first guesses (with or without a BOM) for text that is not UTF-16, and apps that assume something else are no worse off than with any other codepage.
So I don't have any great answers, sorry. I'd love to see the defaults handle it properly, but opt-in scripts like Drekin's may be the best way to enable it broadly.
I have made some updates in the streams code. Better error handling (getting errno by GetLastError() and raising exception when zero bytes are written on non-zero input). This prevents the infinite loop in BufferedIOWriter.flush() when there is odd number of bytes (WriteConsoleW accepts UTF-16-LE so only even number of bytes is written). It also prevents the same infinite loop when the buffer is too big to write at once (see ). The limit of 32767 bytes was added to raw write.
@Drekin: Please don't send ZIP files to the bug tracker. It would be much better to have a project on github, Mercurial or something else, to have the history of the source code. You may try tp list all people who contributed to this code.
You may also create a project on pypi.python.org to share your code. This bug tracker is not the best place for that.
When the code will be consider mature (well tested, widely used), we can try to integrate it into Python.
@Victor Stinner: You are right. So I did it. Here are the links to GitHub and PyPI:,.
I also tried to delete the files, but it seems that it is only possible to unlink a file from the issue, but the file itself remains. Is it possible to manage the files?
Thanks Drekin - I'll point folks to your project as a good place to provide initial feedback, and if that seems promising we can look at potentially integrating the various fixes into Python 3.5
I used pip to install the win_unicode_console package on windows 7 python 3.3.
It works but wouldn't freeze with cx_freeze because there's no __init__.py file in the win_unicode_console directory.
Hmm, I'm not sure if that would be a bug in cxFreeze or CPython - I don't think we've tried freezing or zipimporting namespace packages... (either way, adding the __init__.py to win_unicode_console would likely be the quickest fix)
Since there is now an external project fixing the support of Windows console, I suggest to close this issue as "wontfix". In a few months, if we get enough feedback on this project, we may reconsider integrating it into Python. What do you think?.
> I used pip to install the win_unicode_console package ...
Please don't use Python bug tracker to report bugs to the package.
The poor interaction with the Windows command line is still a bug in CPython - we could mark it closed/later but I don't see any value in doing so.
I see Drekin's win_unicode_console module as similar to my own contextlib2 - used to prove the concept, and perhaps iterate on some of the details, but the ultimate long term solution is to fix CPython itself.
> The poor interaction with the Windows command line is still a bug in CPython - we could mark it closed/later but I don't see any value in doing so.
I don't see any value in keeping the issue open since nobody worked on it last 7 years. I just want to make it clear that we will *not* fix this issue.
Well, in fact I spent a lot of hours trying to find a way to fix the issue, and my conclusion is that it's not possible to handle correctly Unicode (input and output) in a Windows console. Please read the whole issue for the detail.
The win_unicode_console project may improve the Unicode support, but I'm convinced that it still has various issues because it is just not possible to handle all cases.
A workaround is to not use the Windows console, but use IDLE or another shell... Try maybe PowerShell. But PowerShell has at least an issue with the code page 65001 (Microsoft UTF-8): see the issue #21927.
Based on Steve's last post, the main challenge is that the IO model assumes a bytes-based streaming API - it isn't really set up to cope with a UTF-16 buffering layer.
However, that's not substantially different from the situation when the standard streams are replaced with StringIO objects, and they don't have an underlying buffer object at all. That may be a suitable model for Windows console IO as well - present it to the user in a way that doesn't expose an underlying bytes-based API at all.
Now, it may not be feasible to implement this until we get the startup code cleaned up, but I'm not going to squash interest in improving the situation when it's one of the major culprits behind the "Unicode is even more broken in Python 3 than it is in Python 2" meme.
Changing targets to Python 3.5, since this is almost certainly going to be too invasive for a maintenance release.
This bug deserves to stay open with its high priority (for whatever good that does these last seven years, although I appreciate all the efforts put forth, and have been making heavy use of the workarounds in the patches), because when working with Unicode data in programs, even exception messages are not properly displayed... instead, they cause a secondary exception of not being able to display the data of the original exception to the console.
And writing Unicode data to the console as part of an interactive or command line program has to either be done with the hopes that the data only includes characters in the console, to avoid the failures, or with lots of special encoding calls and character substitutions for code points not in the console repertoire. Remember that the console is supposed to be human readable, not encoded numerically as ascii() would do.
ascii() is sort of OK for for exception messages, but since that doesn't happen by default, the initial message to the console with Unicode data often doesn't appear, and an extra repetition after a failed message and a rework of the message parameters is required, which impedes productivity.
I have deleted all my old files and added only my current implementation of the stream objects as the only relevant part to this issue.
@Mark Summerfield: I have added __init__.py to the new version of win_unicode_console. If there is any problem, you can start an issue on project GitHub site or contact me.
@Victor Stinner, @Nick Coghlan: What's wrong with looking on Windows wide strings as on UTF-16-LE encoded bytes and building the raw stream objects around this?
Drekin, you're right, that's a much better way to go, I just didn't think it through :)
To ensure that we're all talking about the same thing, is everybody using the /u unicode output option or /a ansi (which I'm assuming is the default) when running cmd?
Mark,.
I think that boxes are ok, it's just missing font. Without active workaroud there is just UnicodeEncodeError (with cp852 for me). There is problem with astral characters – I'm getting each box twice. It is possible that Windows console doesn't handle astral characters at all – it doesn't interpret surrogate pairs.
I don't know if this is 100% related, but here I go. Here's a session in a windows console (cmd.exe) :
Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
C:\Users\stc>chcp 65001
Active code page: 65001
C:\Users\stc>\PORT-STCA2\opt\python3\python
Python 3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print '€'
C:\Users\stc>
So basically, the python interpreters just quits without any message. Windows doesn't comply about python crashing though...
Best regards,
Stefan.
Drekin, it would be good to be able to incorporate some of your improvements for Python 3.5. Before we could do that, we'd need to review and agree to the PSF Contributor Agreement at
The underlying licensing situation for CPython is a little messy (albeit in a way that doesn't impact users or redistributors), so we use the contributor agreement to ensure we continue to have the right to distribute Python under its current license without making the history any messier, and to preserve the option of switching to a simpler standard license at some point in the future (if it ever becomes feasible to do so).
Stefan Champailler:
The crash you see is maybe not a crash at all. First it has nothing to do with printing, the problem is reading of your input line. That explains why Python exited even before printing the traceback of the SyntaxError. If you try to read input using `sys.stdin.buffer.raw.read(100)` and type Unicode characters, it returns just empty bytes `b''`. So maybe Python REPL then thinks the input just ended and so standardly exits the interpreter.
Why are you using chcp 65001? As far as I know, it doesn't give you the ability to use Unicode in the console. It somehow helps with printing, but there are some issues. `print("\N{euro sign}")` prints the right character, but it prints additional blank line. `sys.stdout.write("\N{euro sign}")` and `sys.stdout.buffer.write("\N{euro sign}".encode("cp65001"))` does the same, but `sys.stdout.buffer.raw.write("\N{euro sign}".encode("cp65001"))` works as expected.
If you want to enter and display Unicode in Python on Windows console, try my package `win_unicode_console`, which tries to solve the issues. See.
Nick Coghlan: Ok, done.
Drekin: thanks! That should get processed by the PSF Secretary before too long, and the "*" to indicate you have signed it will appear by your name.
Dear Drekin,
> The crash you see is maybe not a crash at all. First it has nothing
> to do with printing, the problem is reading of your input line.
I guessed that, but thanks for pointing out.
> So maybe Python REPL then thinks the input just ended and so standardly exits the interpreter.
Yes. I have showed that because the line of code seemed perfectly valid and innocuous (I moved to Python3 because I *need* good unicode/encodings support). The answer from the REPL is, to me, very suprising. I would have expected a badly displayed character at least and a syntax error at worst. I consider myself quite aware of unicode issues but without any output from the repl, I'd have very hard times figuring out what went wrong, hence my bug report.
So even though this might not qualify as the worse bug in Python, I'd say it is actually quite misleading. But see no complaint here, I'm very happy with Python in general. It's just that I thought I had to tell it to the dev team.
> Why are you using chcp 65001?
I thought it'd help me with printing unicode (I tried CP437 but problem is the EURO sign is not there, and I *do* need eurosign :-)). But I'll readily admit I didn't read all the stuff about encoing issues on Windows console before trying.
>try my package `win_unicode_console`, which tries to solve the issues.
I'll certainly do that.
Thank you for your answer
Stefan
> The crash you see is maybe not a crash at all.
I'd call it a "crash" - the repl shouldn't exit. But it's not necessarily part of *this* bug.
Stefan, the Idle Shell handles the BMP subset of Unicode quite well.
>>> print('€')
€
>>>
It is superior to the Windows console in other ways too. For instance, cut and paste work normally as for other Windows windows.
(cp65001 is know to be buggy and essentially useless. Check the results in any search engine.)
Idle shell handles Unicode characters well, but one cannot enter them using deadkey combinations. See.
Thank you all for your quick and good answers. This level of responsiveness is truly amazing.
I've played a bit with IPython and it works just fine. I can type the eurosign drectly with "Alt Gr - E" (so I didn't enter a unicode code). So the bug is basically solved for me. But the python-repl behaviour still looks strange to me. So here's a successful IPython session :
C:\PORT-STCA2\pl-PRIVATE\horse>chcp 65001
Active code page: 65001
C:\PORT-STCA2\pl-PRIVATE\horse>ipython
Python 3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)]
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
IPython 2.2.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python's own help system.
object? -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.
In [1]: print('€')
€
In [2]:
Aye, IPython has the advantage of running in a fully initialised browser, with the backend in a fully initialised Python environment.
CPython's setting up the standard streams for the default REPL at a much lower level, and there are quite a few problems with the way we're currently doing it.
I think Drekin's pointed the way towards substantially improving the situation for 3.5, though.
New here, but I think this is the correct issue to get info about this unicode problem. On the windows console:
> chcp
Active code page: 437
> type utf.txt
Привет
> chcp 65001
Active code page: 65001
> type utf.txt
Привет
> python --version
Python 3.5.0a0
> cat utf.py
f = open('utf.txt')
l = f.readline()
print(l)
print(len(l))
> python utf.py
Привет
�²ÐµÑ‚
�‚
13
> cat utf_explicit.py
import codecs
f = codecs.open('utf.txt', encoding='utf-8', mode='r')
l = f.readline()
print(l)
print(len(l))
> python utf_explicit.py
Привет
ет
7
I partly read through the page but these things are a bit above my head. Could anyone explain
- how to figure out what codec files returned by open()?
- is there a way to change it globally to utf-8?
- the last case is almost correct: it has the correct number of characters, but the print() still does something wrong. I got this working by using the stream patch, but got another example on which is is not correct, see below. Any way around this?
> type utf2.txt
aαbβcγdδ
> cat utf2.py
import streams
import codecs
streams.enable()
f = codecs.open('utf2.txt', encoding='utf-8', mode='r')
print(f.read(1))
print(f.read(1))
print(f.read(2))
print(f.read(4))
> python utf2.py
a
α
bβc
γdδ
stijn: You are mixing two issues here. One is reading text from a file. There is no problem with it. You just call open(path, encoding=the_encoding_of_the_file). Since the encoding of the file depends on the file, you should provide the information about it.
Another issue is interactively entering and displaying Unicode characters in Python REPL in Windows console. That's what is this issue about. The streams code you use is outdated, for recent version see and. It's an installable package which tries to solve the issue. The readme also contains a summary of the issue. Try the package and let me know if there is any problem.
Drekin: you're right for both input and output. Using encoding with plain open() works just fine and using the latest win-unicode-console does give correct output for the second example as well. Thanks!
Just to note that another side effect of this bug is that stepping through code where the source contains non-ASCII characters results in pdb producing an error when trying to print the source lines. This makes stepping through such source code impossible.
I mention it, because it hasn't been mentioned before, and debuggers are mysterious and low-level enough, that solutions that might work for normal code, may not solve working with the debugger...
I tried the following code:
import pdb
pdb.set_trace()
print(1 + 2)
print("αβγ∫")
When run in vanilla Python it indeed ends with UnicodeEncodeError as soon as it hits the line with non-ASCII characters. However, the solution via win_unicode_console package seems to work correctly. There is just an issue when you keep calling 'next' even after the main program ended. It ends with a RuntimeError after a few iterations. I didn't know that pdb can continue debugging after the main program has ended.
Drekins module at is great, but there is small issue with it when running within debugger in Visual Studio (Python Tools for Visual Studio 2.1 installed). Debugger already wraps stdout and stderr inside the visualstudio_py_debugger._DebuggerOutput wrapper and it does not have the fileno() method which win-unicode-console stream.py check_stream() expects. I've created potential fix for it at that checks whether object has old_out and uses it to get to fileno. There might be much more robust ways to check for wrappers. I just wanted to make you aware, if this code will be used as basis for Python 3.5.
It sounds like the script should handle the case where someone has already changed stdout better. We wrap the streams in PTVS so we can forward the output into the IDE where Unicode will display properly anyway.
Our wrapper missing fileno is a bug in our side, but finding the original one will break output forwarding.
Note that win-unicode-console replaces the stdio streams rather than wraps them. So the desired state would be Unicode stream objects wrapped by PTVS. There would be no problem if win-unicode-console stream replacement occured before PTVS wraps them, which should be the case when Unicode streams for Windows are hadled by Python 3.5 itself. Is there any way to run custom Python code (like sitecustomize) before PTVS wraps the stdio streams?
Presumably Unicode streams would also fix file redirects. Currently, if you want to redirect stdout output to file it throws. For example PowerShell:
C:\Python34\python.exe .\test.py | out-file -Encoding utf8 -FilePath 'test.txt'
File redirection has nothing to do with win-unicode-console and this issue. When stdout is redirected, it is not a tty so win-unicode-console doesn't replace the stream object, which is the right thing to do. You got UnicodeEncodeError because Python creates sys.stdout with encoding based on your locale. In my case it is cp1250 which cannot encode whole Unicode. You can control the encoding used by setting PYTHONIOENCODING environment variable. For example, if you have a script producer.py, which prints some Unicode characters, and consumer.py, which just does print(input()), then "py producer.py | py consumer.py" shows that redirection works (when PYTHONIOENCODING is set e.g. to utf-8).
> File redirection has nothing to do with win-unicode-console
Thank you, that comment is spot on - there are multiple issues being conflated here. This bug is purely about the tty/console behaviour.
It sounds like fixing this properly requires fixing issue 17620 first (so the interactive interpreter actually uses sys.stdin), so I've flagged that as a dependency.
I've tried addressing the output problem by subclassing TextIOWrapper to use the windows functions GetConsoleOutputCP and WideCharToMultiByte.
I've tested this as well as I can without figuring out how to install a better font for the windows console. It appears to work on both python 3.4 and 2.7 although there may be an issue with 2.7 and CJK Extension B and higher codepoints.
Hopefully this is useful in finally resolving the issue. Also I think some maintenance patch for 2.7 is in order as currently it fails utterly if you set the console to 65001 since it doesn't recognize it. Had to wrap all print statements in try/except so it wouldn't fail before testing the wrapper.
dead1ne: Hello, I'm maintaining a package that tries to solve this issue: . There are actually many related problems.
I'm now actively working on this for 3.6.
I've attached my first pass at implementing an alternative raw IO stream that uses the *ConsoleW APIs instead of the CRT. It works fine for basic print() and input() (including handling redirection "properly", which is a separate issue to change the default encoding there, and not issue17620 yet).
I expect there to be many *many* compatibility issues with this change, so we really need everyone interested to try it out and see what doesn't work. So far I haven't even tried looking at readline hooks or similar (though maybe all those issues fall under issue17620?).
Any *specific, technical* information about compatibility issues would be appreciated (i.e. enough that I can fix the issue without having to completely reproduce your setup - I'll be working on doing those myself anyway, so simply saying "X is broken" isn't helpful yet).
It doesn't look like this will be available in 3.6.0a4, but I think I should be able to land it by the first beta.
Hello Steve, that's great you are working on this!
I've ran through your patch and I have the following remarks:
• Since wide chars have two bytes, there may be problem when someone wants to read or write odd number of bytes. If the number is > 1, it's ok since the code may read or write less bytes, but when the number is exactly 1, the code should maybe raise some exception.
• WriteConsoleW always fails with ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY (8) if we try to write more than a certain number of bytes. For me, the number is something like 41000. Unfortunately, it depends on actual heap usage of the console process. I do len = min(len, 32767) in write. The the value chosen comes from issue11395 .
• If someone types something like ^Zfoo, the standard sys.stdin returns '' -- it ignores everything after EOF if it is the first byte read. I reproduce the bahaviour in win_unicode_console to be compatible.
• There may be some issue when someone hits Ctrl-C on input. It seems that in that case, ReadConsoleW fails with ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED (995) and some signal is asynchronously fired. It may happen that the corresponding KeyboardInterrupt exception occurs later that it should. In my Python/ctypes situation I do an ugly hack – I detect ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED and in that case I sleep for 0.1 seconds to wait for the exception. I understand that the situation may me different in C.
For compatibility, I think it may be good to add custom implementations of the buffer attribute and detach() method to stdin/out. They should be able to at least read and write ASCII bytes. It might be easiest to keep them as the current BufferedReader/Writer objects. Probably also make stdin/out.fileno() defer to the buffer attribute.
With the current patch that only allows reading and writing in UTF-16 pairs, I forsee a few problems:
* I assume stdin.buffer.raw.readline() will try to read one byte at a time, and will therefore always indicate EOF.
* Incompatibility with using stdin/out.buffer for ASCII character input and output. I suggest testing the patch with “python -m base64”, a use case mentioned earlier in this thread.
There is also the following consequence of (not) having the standard filenos: input() either considers the streams interactive or not. To consider them interactive, standard filenos and isatty are needed on sys.stdin and sys.stdout.
If the streams are considered interactive, input() goes via readlinehook machinery, otherwise it just writes and reads an ordinary file.
The latter means we don't have to touch readline machinery now, the downside is that custom rlcompleters like pyreadline won't work on input().
The current patch actually only affects the raw IO, so the concern would be one of the wrappers trying to work in bytes when it should be dealing in characters. This should be no different from reading a UTF16 file, so either both work or both are broken.
The readline API is most annoying because it assumes strlen is valid for any encoded text (and at so many places it's near unfixable), but there's another issue for this part.
Also, I don't have answers for most of the questions in the review on the patch because I copied all of those bits from fileio.c. Can certainly clean parts of them up for the console API, but I count compatibility with the FileIO class a useful goal where possible.
I'm fairly happy with where my current patch is at (not posted right now - too many different machines involved) and only one test is failing - test_cgi.
The problem seems to be that urllib.parse.unquote() takes an encoding parameter to decode utf-8 encoded bytes with, and cgi infers this parameter from sys.stdin. I don't have the slightest idea why unquote/unquote_to_bytes unconditionally encodes with utf-8 and then allows decoding with an arbitrary encoding, but I guess it works okay for ASCII-compatible encodings?
Unfortunately, utf-16-le is not ASCII compatible, and so this doesn't work. I'm not familiar enough with cgi or urllib.parse to know what to fix - any suggestions?
For more info here, cgi.parse has code like this:
def parse(fp, ...):
if fp is None:
fp = sys.stdin
encoding = getattr(fp, 'encoding', 'latin-1')
# later on...
return urllib.parse.parse_qs(a_str, encoding=encoding, ...)
As an easy hack, I added this after assigning encoding:
if len(' '.encode(encoding, errors='replace')) > 1:
encoding = 'latin-1'
I have no idea if this is a good idea or not. The current behaviour of mojibake in the parsed result is certainly worse, since the choice of utf-16-le is entirely contained within the parse() function.
I think this CGI thing is a separate bug, just exacerbated by the stdin.encoding problem. :) The urllib.parse.parse_qs() function takes an encoding parameter to figure out what to do with percent-encoded values: "%A9" → b"\xA9".decode(...). This is different lower-level encoding: b"%A9".decode("ascii").
Maybe the best solution is just to remove the encoding argument, and let it revert to UTF-8, as it did before r87998. Or maybe it really should use the locale encoding. (Is that ASCII-compatible on Windows?) It really depends on where the query string was generated (in a browser, pre-computed URL, etc).
New patch attached (1602_2.patch - hopefully the review will work this time too).
I discovered while researching for the PEP that a decent amount of code expects to be able to write ASCII to sys.stdout.buffer (or sys.stdout.buffer.raw). As my first patch required utf-16-le at this point, it was going to cause havoc.
Rather than break that compatibility, I decided that exposing utf-8 and doing the reencoding at the latest possible stage was better. This is also more consistent with how other encoding issues are likely to be resolved, and shouldn't be any less performant, given that previously we were decoding to utf-16 anyway.
The downsides of this is that read(n) now can only read up to n/4 characters, and write(n) has a much more complicated time dealing with large buffers (as we need to cap the number of utf-16-le bytes but return the number of utf-8 bytes - it's not a direct relationship, so there's more work and a little bit of guessing in some cases).
On the upside, the readline handling is simpler as utf-8 is compatible with the existing interface and now sys.stdin.encoding is accurate. I've rolled that fix into this patch (just the myreadline.c change) as they really ought to go in together.
Updated patch. This implements everything we've been discussing on python-dev
Latest patch is attached.
PEP acceptance is sounding likely, so feel free to critically review.
Updated patch based on some suggestions from Eryk.
The PEP has been accepted, so now I just need to land it in the next two days.
Currently "normal" usage here is fine, and some edge cases match the Python 3.5 behaviour. I'm going to go through now and bulk out the tests to try and catch more problems, but modulo that I hope the implementation is nearly ready.
I can't actually come up with many useful tests for this... so far I can validate that we can open the console IO object from 0, 1, 2, "CON", "CONIN$" and "CONOUT$", get fileno(), check readable()/writable() and close (multiple times without crashing).
Anything else requires a real console with a real person with a real keyboard.
But I fixed a couple of issues in fd handling as a result of the tests, so it's not a complete waste.
I left some minor comments for Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst on Rietveld.
In Lib/test/test_winconsoleio.py:
* self.assert_() (deprecated) can be replaced by self.assertTrue()
* We can add
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
Thanks! I've made the changes you suggested.
+++ b/Lib/test/test_winconsoleio.py
+to real people with real keyborads.
Should be keyboards
There are still assert_() calls in this file (1602_6.patch). Did you miss them?
+++ b/Lib/io.py
+from _io import WindowsConsoleIO
+__all__.append('WindowsConsoleIO')
I think you should either document this class, or remove it from __all__ to clarify it is just an implementation detail.
+++ b/Modules/_io/winconsoleio.c
+_io_WindowsConsoleIO___init___impl
+ PyObject *decodedname = Py_None;
+ Py_INCREF(decodedname);
+ int d = PyUnicode_FSDecoder(nameobj, (void*)&decodedname);
Won’t this leak a reference to Py_None?
(Also, I think needless casting like in the last line can mask mistakes that the compiler would otherwise pick up. Imagine if you got the parameters around the wrong way.)
+read_console_w(HANDLE handle, DWORD maxlen, DWORD *readlen) {
+ /* If we didn't read a full buffer that time, don't try
+ again or we will block a second time. */
I’m not familiar with the Windows APIs involved, but this doesn’t seem robust. What if there were exactly one full buffer waiting, would the next call block without returning anything?
Ah sorry I see Berker’s assert_() comment was _after_ you posted 1602_6.patch, so ignore that bit :)
Also as I understand it, the open() function can return this new class, so the documentation at <> needs updating.
New changeset 6142d2d3c471 by Steve Dower in branch 'default':
Issue #1602: Windows console doesn't input or print Unicode (PEP 528)
Martin, the console should be in line-input mode, in which case ReadConsole will block if there isn't at least one line in the input buffer. It reads up to the lesser of a complete line or the number of UTF-16 codes requested. If the previous call read the entire request size but didn't stop on '\n', then we know the next call shouldn't block because the input buffer has at least one '\n' in it.
> I can validate that we can open the console IO object from
> 0, 1, 2, "CON", "CONIN$" and "CONOUT$", get fileno(), check
> readable()/writable() and close (multiple times without
> crashing).
I like the idea to have fileno() lazily get a file descriptor on demand, but _open_osfhandle is a low I/O function that uses _open flags -- not 'rb' (int 0x7262) or 'wb' (int 0x7762). ;-)
You can use _O_RDONLY | _O_BINARY or _O_WRONLY | _O_BINARY. But really those values would be ignored anyway. It's not actually opening the file, so it only cares about a few flags. Specifically, in lowio\osfinfo.cpp I see that it looks for _O_APPEND, _O_TEXT, and _O_NOINHERIT.
On line 329, the following assignment
if (self->writable)
access |= GENERIC_WRITE;
should be `access = GENERIC_WRITE`. Requesting both read and write access is an invalid parameter when opening "CON", as can be seen here:
>>> f = open('CON', 'wb', buffering=0)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
OSError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect: 'CON'
CONOUT$ works, of course:
>>> f = open('CONOUT$', 'wb', buffering=0)
>>> f
<_io._WindowsConsoleIO mode='wb' closefd=True>
Lastly, for a readall that starts with ^Z, you're still breaking out of the loop before incrementing len, which is thus 0 when subsequently checked. It ends up calling WideCharToMultiByte with len == 0, which fails.
>>> sys.stdin.buffer.raw.read()
^Z
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
OSError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect
> I can't actually come up with many useful tests for this...
ctypes can be used to write to the input buffer and read from a screen buffer. For the latter it helps to first create and activate a scratch screen buffer, initialized to NULs to make it easy to read back everything that was written up to the current cursor position. I have existing ctypes code for this, written to solve the problem of a subprocess that stubbornly writes directly to the console instead of writing to stdout/stderr pipes.
Okay so regarding blocking reads with a full buffer, what you are saying is the second check to break the read loop should be sufficient:
+/* If the buffer ended with a newline, break out */
+if (buf[*readlen - 1] == '\n')
+ break;
Steve Dower (steve.dower)
> [...]
> Anything else requires a real console with a real person with a real keyboard.
FYI, not really, it is possible to fully automatically test console's output/input using WinAPI functions like WriteConsoleInput, GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo, ReadConsoleOutputCharacter
very recently I wrote such test, you can look at it as example;a=blob;f=testConsoleBuf.cxx;hb=HEAD
it tests all 3 cases when output is actual console, redirected pipe and file.
Oh nice, I like that. We should definitely add some tests using that (though it seems like quite a big task... maybe I'll open a new issue for it).
Created issue28217 for adding these tests. | https://bugs.python.org/issue1602 | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | refinedweb | 8,806 | 65.73 |
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hi, according to the echo command should interpret backslash escape sequences. I am not sure if the document is relevant (what is the appropriate source for POSIX specs?), but the behaviour seems reasonable. ingo Ingo Koehne <address@hidden> --- src/echo.c.orig Tue Aug 6 11:49:28 2002 +++ src/echo.c Tue Aug 6 11:45:36 2002 @@ -123,14 +123,16 @@ if (getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") == NULL) parse_long_options (argc, argv, PROGRAM_NAME, GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTHORS, usage); - else + else { allow_options = 0; + do_v9 = 1; + } /* System V machines already have a /bin/sh with a v9 behaviour. We use the identical behaviour for these machines so that the existing system shell scripts won't barf. */ #if defined (V9_ECHO) && defined (V9_DEFAULT) - do_v9 = allow_options; + do_v9 = 1; #endif --argc; | http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-sh-utils/2002-08/msg00004.html | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | refinedweb | 122 | 66.23 |
In my travels as a developer, I came across the need to output a document to PDF. My first thought was to use a tool for PDF writing. The problem was that I didn’t want to spend all of that time developing and updating a PDF template that I could modify with code. I wanted the end user to be able to modify the template as needed. Now I could create some sort of complicated system to allow them to do so or I could give them an editor, but neither option appealed to me. Aren’t custom applications supposed to make life easier?
In the end, my solution seemed to be a simple one: use a Microsoft Word document as the template, write to it with C#, and programmatically save it to PDF using the built-in tool included with Word. Since Microsoft controls both Word and the .NET environment, I assumed life would be good. That isn’t quite the case. There are a few pitfalls that you have to be aware of even when using .NET 4.0 and Microsoft Word 2010. In the end, however, I have exactly what I was looking for: a simple solution for the end user and a powerful, extensible solution that I can use for multiple different applications on the back end.
For those of you who like a quick list of what I plan to do in the code, here will be our steps:
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word
Simple, right? The devil is definitely in these details.
Whenever you deal with a bridge between systems, you can expect to come across at least one issue. You would think that this wouldn’t be as much of an issue when talking about two Microsoft systems but unfortunately this is not the case.
The biggest issue ends up being with which version of the Interop library that you use. There are two provided – one is a .NET component and one is a COM component. The first thing I found out about these two is that while I believe both use a COM wrapper, the COM component seems to be buggier than the .NET component. However, both have issues. Since this system uses a COM wrapper, the Word process doesn’t always get the message that the system is done. In a worst case, you can actually get multiple instances of winword.exe running at once, even if you properly close out and destroy your variables after use. I came across a few different “solutions” for this issue.
Solution one stipulates that the system has closed the objects but the garbage collector has not run yet, thus the objects still exist in memory. The thinking, therefore, is that you should call the garbage collector manually. For some reason, since it doesn’t work the first time, the suggestion is actually to call it twice. Here is the suggested code:
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
I tried this using one thread. It doesn’t work. Instead, my system locks up until the winword.exe processes are all released. The processes don’t release any faster than if I did nothing. The only change is that my application locks up. Worse yet, we manually called the garbage collector. This throws out all of the optimizations that the garbage collector has made. For more thoughts on the Garbage Collector and why you shouldn’t do this, Jim Lyon has written a pretty good article about it here.
There are a few more “rumor” solutions floating out there. The funniest one, I thought, was by a guy who figured out how to get into the process list and kill off all of the winword.exe processes that were currently running. I’ll give him points for style but the person who is trying to write a Word document while running this program might just have something to say about this hack “outside the box” solution (and no, I’m not posting the code here). The end result might be our only recourse in the case of a hung process but we really want to avoid this if at all possible.
So basically, we are left with an issue. How do we kill winword.exe, or better yet, how do we stop it from hanging. After much hard work (ok, so maybe it was just a few random guesses), I’ve developed a list of “best practices” for dealing with the Interop for Microsoft Office tools (yes, this includes Excel and PowerPoint).
The first thing we need to note is that the system works. OK, maybe it doesn’t work the way we want it to but that is because we are control freaks. We want to optimize the system. Each byte of memory needs to be controlled from start to finish. Let it go. Let the system do what it needs to do without trying to control it. Rabidly calling the garbage collector, killing off processes like a digital psycho, or other methods of exerting your control will only make the system mad.
The next thing to do is control what is in your power to control (this is starting to sound like the Serenity Prayer). Before you attempt to open a document, make sure it exists first. If at all possible, try to be sure that the document is the right type (manually, although there is a way to do it programmatically). This includes both extension and Office version (in case you are using the Office 2007 component and you come across a 2010 file for example). Once you have confirmed all of these details, make sure your code is optimized so you aren’t driving the component nuts with all of your calls. Finally, don’t open or close the actual application more than necessary. If you think you are going to need to use the application multiple times throughout its lifespan, keep the application object open. Maybe make it a (gasp) global variable.
The final best practice I would stress is to know what is going on. That sounds obvious but sometimes things happen. Make sure you know when the component is being called initially and make sure you know when it is being closed. Check to be sure that the destructor statement for the component is properly set in the finally block of any try/catch. Walk through the code to be sure things are happening as you expect them to happen. I’ve seen a lot of people blame the easy target only to find out later that the problem was a simple coding mistake. Not that we have ever done something like that but other people might need to know that.
finally
try
catch
So, we know that we can use the Microsoft Word .NET component and we know how to use it safely. The question that has to be on your mind now is what cool things can we do with this new-found power? In this article, I want to show how we can use Microsoft Word and the Save As PDF function to create amazing Word templates without using bookmarks or other advanced Microsoft Word items. There are many more things that Word automation can be used for but this practical example will give you a taste for the power available to you and it will provide an answer to our original problem.
I decided that instead of giving you multiple snippets of code, I would instead document my code well and present it here. That way you can copy and paste both the code and the documentation into your own application. Here is the class that does all of the heavy lifting:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
using System.Reflection;
namespace AutoWord
{
public static class Document
{
public static bool Process(string strWordDoc, string strPDFDoc,
Dictionary<string,string> dReplacements)
{
//A set of objects needed to pass into the calls
object oMissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
object oFalse = false;
object oTrue = true;
//The variable that will store the return value
bool bolOutput = true;
//Creates the needed objects (the application and the document)
Word._Application oWord;
Word._Document oDoc;
//Checks to see if the file does not exist (which would throw an error)
if (!System.IO.File.Exists(strWordDoc))
{
//Since the file does not exist, write out the
//error to the console and exit
Console.WriteLine("The file does not exist on the path specified.");
return false;
}
try
{
//Start up Microsoft Word
oWord = new Word.Application();
//If set to false, all work will be done in the background
//Set this to true if you want to see what is going on in
//the system - great for debugging.
oWord.Visible = true;
//Opens the Word Document
//Parameters:
// strWordDoc = Document Name
// oFalse = Don't convert conversions
// oTrue = Open in Read-only mode
oDoc = oWord.Documents.Open(strWordDoc, oFalse, oTrue);
//Loop through each range of the document (header, body, footer, etc.)
foreach (Word.Range oRange in oDoc.StoryRanges)
{
//Loops through our Dictionary looking for the keys to replace
foreach (KeyValuePair<string,string> dEntry in dReplacements)
{
//This is what we are looking for (the Key)
oRange.Find.Text = dEntry.Key.ToString();
//This is what we will replace it with
oRange.Find.Replacement.Text = dEntry.Value.ToString();
//Find the item even if it wraps the text
oRange.Find.Wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
//Replace every instance of that item (this is key)
oRange.Find.Execute(Replace: Word.WdReplace.wdReplaceAll);
}
}
//Export the document to a PDF file
oDoc.ExportAsFixedFormat(strPDFDoc,
Word.WdExportFormat.wdExportFormatPDF);
//Close the document without saving anything
oDoc.Close(oFalse, oMissing, oMissing);
//Close Word without saving anything
oWord.Quit(oFalse, oMissing, oMissing);
//Set the return value to true, indicating the process
//completed successfully
bolOutput = true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Here is where you put your logging code
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
bolOutput = false;
}
finally
{
//Releases the objects
oDoc = null;
oWord = null;
}
//Actually output the return value
return bolOutput;
}
}
}
This code is really simple to use. Basically there is only one method call that you need to make and you are done. For those of you who might not have used a dictionary object before or don’t understand how it would be used in this instance, I will include the creation and use of the dictionary object:
dictionary
Dictionary<string,string> dKeywords = new Dictionary<string,string>();
//Load the dictionary object up with tags and their replacement
//strings.
dKeywords.Add("<<Title>>", "PDF Creation Tool");
dKeywords.Add("<<Name>>","Timothy Corey");
dKeywords.Add("<<Email>>", "me@timothycorey.com");
dKeywords.Add("<<Website>>", "");
//Use the verbatim character to eliminate the need for double backslashes (@)
AutoWord.Document.Process(@"C:\Temp\MyDocument.docx",@"C:\Temp\Portfolio.pdf",dKeywords);
While I chose a specific naming convention for my tags, this system will find any string that you specify and replace it with the value member of the dictionary object. Notice the actual method call to AutoWord.Document.Process asks for the Word template, the PDF file you want it to be saved as, and the items to replace (the dictionary object). I used the verbatim string literals (the @ symbol before the string) so that I did not need to escape my slashes since they would normally be interpreted as escape characters themselves. Thus, instead of putting “C:\\Temp\\MyDocument.docs” I was able to put @”C:\Temp\MyDocument.docx”. Both mean the same thing.
string
AutoWord.Document.Process
@
One of the things I always have to ask myself when I see something cool is “why do I need it”. Now in the case of free code, the answer can be “just because” but I think there are some really great reasons to use this code. The first area that I see where this can be really powerful is in the area of account creation, account maintenance, or other user-specific operations. You can create pre-formatted templates that you then fill in with the user’s specific information. From there, you could email it to the user or put the file in their shared drive.
Another great way to use this is with record storage. You could have a system that automatically fills out a usage report (or some other type of report) and stores it for you. This way, you could have an entirely automated system that does the job and reports on itself as well.
This solution was designed using .NET 4.0 and Microsoft Word 2010. However, this can be used without modification in .NET 3.5 and Microsoft Word 2007. I believe most of the same functionality resides in Microsoft Word 2003 but I haven’t tested it all to see how close it is. Also note that while this article was about how to create PDFs using a Microsoft Word document as a template, you could use some of the same techniques with Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint. The power available to you is incredible.
name1
name2
<>
**name**
System.IO.Package.IO
So, in this article, we have discussed how to create a PDF in C# without spending any extra money and without using any special report designers. I hope you have enjoyed this code as much as I enjoyed writing it. I have attached a fully-working solution that will allow you to test out this functionality. Let me know what you think. | http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/142158/Create-PDFs-for-Free?fid=1603495&df=90&mpp=10&sort=Position&spc=None&tid=4217738 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | refinedweb | 2,230 | 64.2 |
Update(2019-12-01) @hayd Andy Hayden created deno-lambda which is a very good starting point for writing Lambda function in Deno. The repository is well maintained. I highly recommend you try that tool as well.
This guide describes how to write AWS Lambda function in deno at the time of this writing (deno v0.4.0). Many things could be improved later and you'll be able to skip some of these steps in future.
AWS Lambda supports Custom Runtimes. You can write your own runtime in any language and use it in AWS Lambda. In this guide, I'll show you how to write a custom runtime in deno and deploy it to AWS.
Prerequisites
This guide describes the 2 ways (Part 1 and Part 2) to create a lambda function in deno. In both cases, you need the followings:
- AWS IAM user which can create a lambda function
- AWS Role for lambda function (You need a role which has "AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole" policy)
- In this article, I suppose it has the name
arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/lambda-role. Please replace it with your own one on your side.
- AWS CLI installed
See the Prerequisites section of AWS Lambda Custom Runtime tutorial for more details.
Part 1. Do everything on your own
Build Custom Deno
The current official deno binary doesn't run on the operating system of Lambda because of the glibc compatibility issue. You need to build your own deno for it. What you need to do is to build deno in this image which is the exact image Lambda uses. (In addition, you need to set
use_sysroot = false flag on
.gn file. I don't understand this flag, but anyway it works. See the comment in the above issue if you're interested in details.)
If you want to avoid building deno on your own, please download the binary from here which I built based on a recent version of deno with the above settings. I confirmed this works in the Lambda environment.
Write Custom Runtime
You need to write a custom runtime in deno. A custom runtime is a program which is responsible for setting up the Lambda handler, fetching events from Lambda runtime API, invoking the handler, sending back the response to Lambda runtime API, etc. The entrypoint of a custom runtime have to be named
bootstrap. The example of such program is like the below (This is Deno program wrapped by Bash script.)
#!/bin/sh set -euo pipefail SCRIPT_DIR=$(cd $(dirname $0); pwd) HANDLER_NAME=$(echo "$_HANDLER" | cut -d. -f2) HANDLER_FILE=$(echo "$_HANDLER" | cut -d. -f1) echo " import { $HANDLER_NAME } from '$LAMBDA_TASK_ROOT/$HANDLER_FILE.ts'; const API_ROOT = ' (async () => { while (true) { const next = await fetch(API_ROOT + 'next'); const reqId = next.headers.get('Lambda-Runtime-Aws-Request-Id'); const res = await $HANDLER_NAME(await next.json()); await (await fetch( API_ROOT + reqId + '/response', { method: 'POST', body: JSON.stringify(res) } )).blob(); } })(); " > /tmp/runtime.ts DENO_DIR=/tmp/deno_dir $SCRIPT_DIR/deno run --allow-net --allow-read /tmp/runtime.ts
import { $HANDLER_NAME } from '$LAMBDA_TASK_ROOT/$HANDLER_FILE.ts';
In this line, you import lambda function from the task directory.
$LAMBDA_TASK_ROOT is given by Lambda environment.
$HANDLER_NAME and
$HANDLER_FILE are the first and second part of
handler property of your lambda which you'll set through AWS CLI. If you set the handler property
function.handler, for example, then the above line becomes
import { handler } from '$LAMBDA_TASK_ROOT/function.ts'. So your lambda function need to be named
function.ts and it needs to export
handler as the handler in that case.
(async () => { while (true) { ... } })();
This block creates the loop of event handling of Lambda. A single event is processed on each iteration of the loop.
const next = await fetch(API_ROOT + 'next'); const reqId = next.headers.get('Lambda-Runtime-Aws-Request-Id');
These 2 lines fetches the event from Lambda runtime API and stores the request id.
const res = await $HANDLER_NAME(await next.json());
This line invokes the lambda handler with the given event payload and stores the result.
await (await fetch( API_ROOT + reqId + '/response', { method: 'POST', body: JSON.stringify(res) } )).blob();
This line sends back the result to Lambda runtime API.
DENO_DIR=/tmp/deno_dir $SCRIPT_DIR/deno run --allow-net --allow-read /tmp/runtime.ts
This line starts the runtime script with
net and
read permissions. If you want to more permissions, you can add here the options you want.
DENO_DIR=/tmp/deno_dir part is very important. Because Lambda environment doesn't allow you to write to the file system except
/tmp, you need to set
DENO_DIR somewhere under
/tmp.
Write Lambda function
Now you need to write your lambda function in deno. The example looks like the below:
export async function handler(event) { return { statusCode: 200, body: JSON.stringify({ version: Deno.version, build: Deno.build }) }; }
This lambda function returns a simple object which contains status code 200 and deno's version information as body.
Deploy
Now you have 3 files
deno,
bootstrap (bash script), and
function.ts (deno script). These are all files you need to run your Lambda function. You need to zip them:
$ zip function.zip deno bootstrap function.ts
Then you can deploy it like the below:
$ aws lambda create-function --function-name deno-func --zip-file fileb://function.zip --handler function.handler --runtime provided --role arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/lambda-role
(Note: Replace
arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/lambda-role to your own role's arn.)
--runtime provided option means this lambda uses a custom runtime.
Test
You can invoke the above lambda like the below:
$ aws lambda invoke --function-name deno-func response.json { "StatusCode": 200, "ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST" } $ cat response.json {"statusCode":200,"body":"{\"version\":{\"deno\":\"0.4.0\",...}}}
Part 2. Use the shared layer
AWS Supports the Lambda Layer. A lambda layer is a ZIP archive that contains libraries, a custom runtime, or other dependencies. I published the above
deno binary and
bootstrap script as a public layer. You can reuse it as a custom deno runtime.
In this case, what you need to do is just to write a lambda function in deno and deploy it to AWS.
Create Deno Lambda Function using Public Deno Runtime
An example
function.ts looks like the below (The same as the above):
export async function handler(event) { return { statusCode: 200, body: JSON.stringify({ version: Deno.version, build: Deno.build }) }; }
Then zip it and deploy it:
$ zip function-only.zip function.ts $ aws lambda create-function --function-name deno-func-only --layers arn:aws:lambda:ap-northeast-1:439362156346:layer:deno-runtime:13 --zip-file fileb://function-only.zip --handler function.handler --runtime provided --role arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/lambda-role
(Note: Replace
arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/lambda-role to your own role's arn.)
Where the arn
arn:aws:lambda:ap-northeast-1:439362156346:layer:deno-runtime:13 is a public lambda layer which implements deno runtime. The
--layers arn:aws:lambda:ap-northeast-1:439362156346:layer:deno-runtime:13 option specifies this lambda function uses it as the shared layer.
Test it
You should be able to invoke the above lambda function like the below:
$ aws lambda invoke --function-name deno-func-only response.json { "StatusCode": 200, "ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST" } $ cat response.json {"statusCode":200,"body":"{\"version\":{\"deno\":\"0.4.0\",...}}}
That's it. Thank you for reading.
References
All examples are available in this repository.
Discussion (4)
Thanks so much for the work here. I noted a few things that I've bumped into while trying to get this to work.
See github.com/hayd/deno-lambda#deno_d...
It's wonderful to see people working with Deno out in the wild.
I've ported this code to support error handling and the latest deno:
github.com/hayd/deno-lambda | https://dev.to/kt3k/write-aws-lambda-function-in-deno-4b20 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | refinedweb | 1,281 | 59.5 |
What is the programming language of Google etc?
Programmers at Google work in C++, Java, Python, and JavaScript. Please see the Steve Yegge link for details.
9 people found this useful
What is a programming language?
a language used by application software developers to createinstructions for the computer to use to run the applicationsoftware
What are the programming languages?
There are many programming languages all suitable for many purposes. (Except Java, that one is lame) The largest list of programming languages I could find is at A programming language is a medium to solve any problem s…tep by step. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.Programming or coding is a language that is used by operating systems to perform the task. Now a days most of the high level programming languages such as Java, C#, C++, and Visual Basic are based on object oriented approach. (MORE)
What Is Programming Language?
A set of rules (code) for instructing a computer to performspecific tasks (like make a web-page, write a program, add twonumbers). Examples include HTML, C++, Java, Fortran, and Cobolamong many others.. (MORE)
Which programming language is used to develop Google search?
C++ and Java are the main languages for production. Search is mostly written in C++, while a lot of the ads infrastructure is written in Java. Python is used as glue, for things like development tools and administration tools. There's a lot of other random languages here and there though - there are… projects that use everything from Haskell to perl. Google also has some of their own languages that exist only within Google, such as sawzall.. (MORE)
Is 8051 programming is a programming language?
8051 programming refers to the Intel 8051 micro-controller. This is a small computer on a single chip having electronic input output that is used to control simple machinery. The 8051 uses an instruction set consisting of binary codes and data that may be used to describe the algorithms that the m…icroprocessor runs. These instructions are published by Intel with a set of mnemonic words that are designed to enable the programmer to remember the instructions. These mnemonics are not part of a formal programming language because they have no syntax apart from the instruction and data values for each command that the processor might execute. The instructions could be placed in any order such that no particular algorithm is expressed. A formal programming language however requires structure and syntax that describes the algorithm as an abstract concept apart from the system that might run the program. A programming language, such as C, C# or Java will be portable across machines but 8051 assembly code will only run on that processor. In short then, the 8051 assembly code is not a programming language as such. (MORE)
How many languages does Google have?
It Is Apparent That Google Has 69% Of the Whole World's Languages Bunged up in 350,000 Google Servers
How do you get to Google in a diff language?
Open Google search and next to the search box is a link 'preferences'. Click on this and at the top of the next page is 'Interface Language' with a dop-down menu of interface languages. If you want a laugh, try 'Elmer Fudd'...
What is the programming language?
programming language is an high level language which helps an programmer to create a coding(using which the required task will be performed by computer).. C,C++,Java are some programming languages.using which programmer can create an software.. computer student.
What programming language is used for websites that are self-generating profile websites like Facebook dating websites etc?
Welcome to Web 2.0! Facebook, is 'Ajax' gone mad. Basically Ajax (JavaScript HTTPRequest()) allows the page to send and receive data asynchronously from the server. This means the page does not need to refresh. This type of javascript work is commonly used along side a server-side language su…ch as PHP, ASP, ColdFusion etc... Facebook on a basic level, retrieves your data from a database, sorts it out, and the javascript injects it into the browser. (MORE)
What programming language is SharePoint programmed in?
Microsoft Office SharePoint Services is programmed in the asp.net framework using C# as the programming language.)
Why was Google adwords program successful?
If you own a website that you'd want to be seen on page 1 ofGoogle, Adwords is the quickest and cheapest way to get that done.That's why.
Programs and programming languages?
program means set of statements.and coming to programming languages ,. the program which is developed in any language i.e c,c++,java etc
How a Program is related to programming language?
Programs are created in a programming language. For example, here are some simple programs in various languages C++: #include using namespace std; int main() { cout
Where can you get video cameras edit programs etc?
Well, I think that you can get them from any electronic store. You might want to try Radio Shack.
What is language translation in programming language?
I think what you are looking for is an English like translation of the programming logic. If this is what you are looking for, then the language translation of a programming language is called Pseudocode. Pseudocode is the practice of breaking down programming logic into English like meanings. Howev…er, pseudocode is usually written' before any programming takes place, because this allows us to get an idea of what we are trying to accomplish. When I took my fundamentals of programming design and logic in college, the whole class was focused on just pseudocode and flowcharts. I hope this answers your question. (MORE)
Programming language developed by Google?
It's called "Go" or go-lang. More details could be found on their main website: I must note, that this language is still in development process and is supported only on Unix type operating systems (Linux/BSD/Mac OS X)
How do you change the Google Chrome language?
wrench menu>options>Under the Hood>Languages and spell-checker settings>Add>scroll down to your language of choice>OK>Select language you just added>Display Google Chrome in this language and/or Use this language for spell checking>Make sure you close all Google Chrome windows and reopen them for th…e changes to completely take effect. :) (MORE)
Is Programming a language?
No, but of course there is a programmers' slang. And programming is done with so-called 'programming languages'.
Is Google a program?
No, it is a web page but, Google Chrome is. Another Answer Google is a company. The company's major product is software -- a search engine available online using google dot com -- that many people use to find Internet sites. Google also develops other software, some free and some that you can… purchase. (MORE)
Can you save programs to Google Docs too?
You may be able to save the code written for the program, if you have access to it. You cannot save the compiled, operational version of any program on Google Docs. Depending on the type of document you're working with, you may be able to insert a link, which you could use as a route or path to a …program. (MORE)
Is Google Chrome a software program?
A software program is simply a program that is installed or runningon a current computer. So yes, Google Chrome is a software program.
What can you do with programming languages?
Everything that you can see done on a computer, from playing games, using webpages, or even clicking icons on your desktop. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.You can do anything form writing single add…ition program to creating a websites. (MORE)
What is program language?
Do you mean Program Design Language? Program Design Languagen is a method for designing and documenting methods and procedures in software. It is related to pseudocode, but unlike pseudocode, it is written in plain language without any terms that could suggest the use of any programming language or… library. (MORE)
How do you change language on Google Chrome?
Click the Wrench icon on the browser toolbar. Select Options ( Preferences on Mac and Linux). Click the Under the Hood tab and go to the " Web Content " section. Under the Web content section there will be a button saying " Languages and Spell Checker settings "
In what language is the website Google Polska?
The website is in Polish and is geared to those who speak polish as a primary language. It contains all the great content you have come to expect, just in a different language.
How do you change the language in Google Earth?
You can change the language displayed in Google Earth. Click Tools > Options then click 'General' tab and pick the language setting. Note the first entry 'System Default' corresponds to the language used by your computer. If, however, the language is changed to one where you can no longer navi…gate the menus then you can navigate the menus using screen shots of the menus in Google Earth User guide. (MORE)
What is the name of Google programs installed on your desktop?
Google, Google Earth, Google Chrome, and Gmail are just a few the programs on my desktop
Is Java the best programming language to develop an operating system - I want to know if Java is capable of producing a good operating system except other languages like C plus plus Python Ruby VB etc?
No. Apart from anything else, Java must run in a virtual machine. The only way to write an OS that runs in a VM is if the VM exists in firmware. Even so, the level of abstraction in the VM would make it unworkable. Java does not have any direct access to the hardware, which is a prerequisite for any… OS. Even if it were actually possible to write an OS in Java, it would be slower than molasses for even the most basic operations. C++ is the only real option here, combined with assembler for low-level operations. Of course you must have a complete understanding of all the hardware your OS could run on. The more variable the hardware, the more complex the OS needs to be. Gone are the days when a single programmer threw an OS together in their spare time. These days, we'll take an existing open-source OS and modify it to suit. Even so, it's still a major undertaking. (MORE)
What language is referencement google?
It is a French site. The site teaches people how to get their web pages to be featured in the top positions in online results. It is a pay site though.
Where do you find the program Google as your computer does not have this program?
Google is not a program, it is a search engine. It is freely accessible from the internet using a browser of your choice. Just type Google in the address bar or select it from the search engines available in the browser itself. for more information, look up 'search engine' in your browser's online h…elp (F1 key). (MORE)
How do you change Google maps language?
if u have an account with google, (it still works if u haven't, u juz leave this first sentence out), when u sign in u will see a tab labelled, 'maps' just below toolbars, along with 'images', 'documents', 'gmail', etc. choose 'maps' and then clik on the 'earth', ' map' , or 'satellite' and u will… be presented with a drop down menu. choose the item that 'reads/says' english' with a greyed out tick to it's left-hand side. left-clik on it and the all of the names that were labelling all of the country'z, city'z, town'z of the world, outside your own country will now be re-labelled with the host country's written language, including; the coutry's that have symbols such as; kata-kana for japan, cyrillic for russia, n' khmer n' isan based languages for cambodia, n' thailand etc. so in short each country and all of it'z; city'z, town'z, village'z, landmark's etc will now be renamed and printed, ie: transliterated into the language of, 'that' particular country, region or part of the world. i hope that is clear and helpful ;-/ jakkadan (MORE)
Has Google approved bangla language for adsense program?
The answer is NO . Bangla is not a supportedlanguage for Adsense. Here is a link to all supported language byGoogle Adsense
What are programming language and program coding?
programming language is just kind of a different language that we use to communicate with other , in same way we use these language to communicate with machine . Programming code is the built in code which is understood by only programmer & the machine
How do you download programs in Google Chrome?
click download. a bar will come up on the bottom of the browser, click the little tab on the right of the download, and "click open" or "open when done" and it should run.
Is machine language a programming language?
Machine code is a programming language; it is the only languagenatively understood by the machine. All other languages must beconverted to machine code in order to execute.
What languages can google translate convert?
This service can convert dozens of languages, including all of the major European languages, Arabic, Hindi, Afrikaans, Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese.
What languages can be translated by Google Translator?
There are sixty five languages that currently are able to be translated by Google Translator. These languages are Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese (simplified), Chinese (traditional), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian,Esperanto,. They also have Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Georgian, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Kannada, Latin, Lao, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu, but they are not as accurate. (MORE)
What language is Google ES in?
This link is in many foreign languages, thus making it be able to translate into everything. It is usually coded in computer web designer language and thus is read the same way universally.
What languages does Google translate offer?
\n \n\n. \n. cén fáth nach bhfuil tú ag dul dÃreach ar an láithreán ?
How do you change Google Map language?
Google offers its websites in a number of languages. Google Maps automatically displays place names in the local language of each country. If you visit the web site in the US then the country of origin is detected and the default is English. Likewise, visiting Google Maps from Mexico would show the …menus in Spanish. You can override and force the menus of Google Maps into a particular language as well. Append ?hl=xx to the URL to change the menus to two-letter language code (en for English, es for Spanish, de for German, ar for Arabic, etc.) For example, append ?hl=es to the URL to change the menus to Spanish. (MORE)
What is the program Google AdSense used for?
It is used to maximize advertisers revenue. This program ensures that a company's advertising dollars are well-spent by placing advertisements on websites that will be viewed by their target market. It generates billions of dollars per year and is mutually beneficial to both the advertisers and the …website hosts. (MORE)
What language is Google LV written in?
Google LV was mostly written in C#, XAML, and MSBuild. This should not be confused with the google URL for the country code of Latvia whose extension is LV.
What does Google reseller program have to offer?
The Google reseller program allows resellers to sell Google's Enterprise products to customers around the globe. There are reseller programs for Google Apps, Google Enterprise, Google Earth and Google Maps available.
What does the program Google Picassa do?
Picasa is a program that is provided free of charge from Google. Picasa allows people to edit and organize digital photographs. One may upload entire hard drives full of photographs or even just individual photographs to edit. There are also free guides available online to explain how to get the bes…t out of this free software. (MORE)
What is the program Google MX used for?
Google MX is used to tell which machines will accept incoming mail from your domain and where your mail will be routed through. DreamHost is the site that houses this data, and it acts as an app for Google.
What is the Google program Adesense used for?
Google AdSense is used by website owners, primarily to enable them to earn money. The AdSense program uses information about a website, user location etc., in order to generate advertisements that may be of interest to the website user. If a user clicks on an AdSense banner, the website owner will o…ften earn money for the click. (MORE)
Which programming languages do what?
HTML creates webpages, C++ and Java can make programs like games. Those are just the basic ones. You can see a list of them at:
Can you program Google on Khan Academy?
No, if you try than Oh noes will pop up. This will happen because Google programming is not the same as KhanAcademy plus, Google is copyrighted material. | http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_programming_language_of_Google_etc | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | refinedweb | 2,900 | 73.47 |
Scaven.
For a couple of years someone in my neighbourhood have frequently disposed of ATM parts that I've been hoarding. Parts from an ATM are rugged and of a quality I didn't believe existed in this age of disposable and flimsy crap. A little research on the web revealed that the parts likely originate from CTM Cashpro ATMs.
ATMs contain lots of mechanical and electromechanical parts perfect for robots and the like. Maybe the most usable parts I have found are big NEMA 23 stepper motors. In the process of trying one of these steppers out, I burnt both of my two Big Easy Drivers. This setback forced me to try using the undocumented drivers scavenged along with the motors..
- 200 steps per revolution
- Bipolar (RED/YEL, BLU/ORA)
- 24VDC
NEMA 23 stepper motors.
Motor controller
Unable to find any information what so ever about this board, I set out to try and figure out how to use it on my own.
Stepper motor controllers.
The motor controller boards have the text "Cashpro STEP_DRV Liv.1" or "Cashpro STEP_DRV Liv.2" printed on the back side of the PCB. The large IC attached to the heat sink is a L298N dual H-bridge motor controller. The smaller logic circuits on the back side consists of one 7405 hex inverter, a 7407 hex buffer and one LM339 quad comparator.
Using my multimeter, it was easy to trace the ground to pin 2 and 9, the motor supply to pin 1 and the logic supply to pin 10.
I was only able to trace pin 3 and 4 to two of the four inputs available on the L298N, but since there is one inverter on the board, the remaining two inputs signals can be generated. Pin number 5 is connected to both enable pins on the H-Bridge chip.
I got the motor running in this configuration, but the motor was very easy to stop using my fingers. At that point I started experimenting with the remaining pins by applying 5V to them to see what would happen. When I applied 5V to pin 7, the motor started to sound different and also became impossible to stop with my bare hands—but the controller started to smell warm after a few seconds. Pin number 7 seems to control the current delivered to the motor. After a little trial and error I got the motor running nice without any overheating problems by inserting a 130kΩ resistance between 5V and pin 7.
This information is sufficient to start playing with the motor controller! I don't know what the other pins are doing yet—but it would be cool if one for example could monitor the load on the motor.
Pinout
- Motor VCC
- GND
- Input 1
- Input 2
- Enable (LOW = enabled)
- Unknown
- Current limiting
- Unknown
- GND
- Logic VCC (5VDC)
Arduino Example
To facilitate experiments with the Arduino, I replaced the connector on the controller board with 2.54mm break away headers.
Connections
In addition to the connections in the table below, I connected the stepper controller boards pin 1 to 13.8VDC and pin 2 to GND on my power supply. The motors can handle 24VDC but I was too lazy to dig out my big power supply.
Code
#include <Stepper.h> const int stepsPerRevolution = 200; Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, 6, 7); void setup() { myStepper.setSpeed(120); pinMode(5, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(5, HIGH); //disable } void loop() { digitalWrite(5, LOW); //enable myStepper.step(stepsPerRevolution); digitalWrite(5, HIGH); //disable delay(1000); digitalWrite(5, LOW); //enable myStepper.step(-stepsPerRevolution); digitalWrite(5, HIGH); //disable delay(1000); }
The example code is based on Arduinos built in example "stepper_oneRevolution".
Video
Motor and controller in action. | http://blog.kevinthomasson.se/diy/scavenged-and-reverse-engineered | CC-MAIN-2018-22 | refinedweb | 616 | 63.39 |
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10ME46/15ME44 ATME COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
VISIONDevelopment of academically excellent, culturally vibrant, socially responsible and globallycompetent human resources.
MISSION To keep pace with advancements in knowledge and make the students competitive and capable at the global level. To create an environment for the students to acquire the right physical, intellectual, emotional and moral foundations and shine as torch bearers of tomorrow's society. To strive to attain ever-higher benchmarks of educational excellence.
VISION
MISSION:
To ensure state of-the- art facility for learning, skill development and research in mechanical engineering.
PEO 1: Graduates will be able to have successful professional career in the allied areas and be proficient to perceive higher education.
PEO 2: Graduates will attain the technical ability to understand the need analysis, design, manufacturing, quality changing and analysis of the product.
PO2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings
PO12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change
PSO 4: To exhibit honesty, integrity, and conduct oneself responsibly, ethically and legally, holding the safety and welfare of the society paramount. COURSE SYLLABUS IV SEM FLUID MECHANICS
UNIT-7Laminar flow and viscous effects : Reyonold’s number, critical Reynold’s number, laminarflow through circular pipe-Hagen Poiseille’s equation, laminar flow between parallel andstationary plates. 06 Hours UNIT-8Flow past immersed bodies: Drag, Lift, expression for lift and drag, boundary layer concept,displacement, momentum and energy thickness. Introduction to compressible flow: Velocityof sound in a fluid, Mach number, Mach cone, propagation of pressure waves in acompressible fluid. 07 HoursTEXT BOOKS:1. Fluid Mechanics, Oijush.K.Kundu, IRAM COCHEN, ELSEVIER, 3rd Ed. 2005.2. Fluid Mechanics, Dr. Bansal, R.K.Lakshmi Publications, 2004.
REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Fluid Mechanics and hydraulics, Dr.Jagadishlal: Metropolitan Book Co-Ltd., 1997.2. Fluid Mechanics (SI Units), Yunus A. Cengel John M.Oimbala, 2nd Ed., Tata McGrawHill, 2006.3. Fluid Mechanics, John F.Douglas, Janul and M.Gasiosek and john A.Swaffield, Pearson Education Asia, 5th ed., 20064. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering, Kumar.D.S, Kataria and Sons., 20045. Fluid Mechanics -. Merle C. Potter, Elaine P.Scott. Cengage learning FLUID MECHANICS
MODULE-I BASICS OF FLUID MECHANICSCONTENTS1.1 Fundamental Concepts1.2 Branches of Mechanics1.3 Properties of fluids1.4 Problems1.5 Vapour pressure1.6 Viscosity1.6.1 Newton’s law of viscosity1.6.2 Kinematic viscosity1.6.3 problems1.7 surface tension1.8 Capillarity1.9 Compressibility1.10 Pressure and its measurements1.11 Pascal s law1.12Manometers1.13 problems
Objectives: To have a working knowledge of basic properties of fluids and its effects with examples. To understand the continuum effects. To study the pressure measuring devices To understand the basic flow characteristics.
INTRODUCTION 1.1 Fundamental Concepts
State of rest and Motion: They are relative and depend on the frame of reference. If the position with reference to frame of reference is fixed with time, then the body is said to be in a state of rest. Otherwise, it is said to be in a state of motion. Scalar and heater quantities: Quantities which require only magnitude to represent them are called scalar quantities. Quantities which acquire magnitudes and direction to represent them are called vector quantities.
Velocity and Speed: Rate of displacement is called velocity and Rate and distance travelled is called Speed. Unit: m/s Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity is called acceleration. Negative acceleration is called retardation. Momentum: The capacity of a body to impart motion to other bodies is called momentum. The momentum of a moving body is measured by the product of mass and velocity the moving body
• Measurement of force:
g = 9.81 m/s2
V m m F u
Time interval = t
F α mv − mu
v−uFαmt
F α ma
F = K ma
If F = 1 When m = 1 and u = 1 then K = 1
∴ F = ma.
F = ma
W = mg
1 m3 = 1000 litre
Unit: Nm or J
2ΠNT
P= Rotatory Motion. 60 • Matter: Anything which possess mass and requires space to occupy is called matter.
• States of matter:
♦ Solid state.
♦ Fluid state.
♦ Solid state: In case of solids intermolecular force is very large and hence moleculesare not free to move. Solids exhibit definite shape and volume. Solids undergo certain amount of deformation and then attain state of equilibrium when subjected to tensile, compressive and shear forces. ♦ Fluid State: Liquids and gases together are called fluids. In case of liquids Intermolecular force is comparatively small. Therefore liquids exhibit definite volume. But they assume the shape of the containerLiquids offer very little resistance against tensile force. Liquids offer maximum resistance against compressiveforces. Therefore, liquids are also called incompressible fluids. Liquids undergo continuous or prolonged angulardeformation or shear strain when subjected to tangential force or shear force. This property of the liquid is calledflow of liquid. Any substance which exhibits the property of flow is called fluid. Therefore liquids are consideredas fluids In case of gases intermolecular force is very small. Therefore the molecules are free to move along anydirection. Therefore gases will occupy or assume the shape as well as the volume of the container. Gases offer little resistance against compressive forces. Therefore gases are called compressible fluids.When subjected to shear force gases undergo continuous or prolonged angular deformation or shear strain. Thisproperty of gas is called flow of gases. Any substance which exhibits the property of flow is called fluid.Therefore gases are also considered as fluids.
Mechanics
Mech. Bodies
Statics Dynamics
Kinematics Kinetics• Fluid Statics deals with action of forces on fluids at rest or in equilibrium.
• Fluid Kinematics deals with geometry of motion of fluids without considering the cause of motion.
• Fluid dynamics deals with the motion of fluids considering the cause of motion
∴ ρ= Mass
Volume
ρ =Mor dM
V dV
In case of fluids as the pressure increases volume decreases and hence massdensity increases.
Weight density or Specific weight of a fluid is the weight per unit volume.
∴ γ = Weigh t Volume
γ =Wor dW
With increases in pressure volume decreases and hence specific weight increases. Note: Relationship between mass density and weight density
It is the ratio of specific weight of the fluid to the specific weight of a standard fluid.
S γ of fluid = γ of s tan dard fluid
∴ Specific gravity or relative density of a fluid can also be defined as the ratio of mass density of the fluid to mass density of the standard fluid. Mass density of standard water is 1000 kg/m3.
ρ= S xγ standard
∀= Volume
mass
∀ = VordVM dM
Unit: m3/kg As the temperature increases volume increases and hence specific volume increases. As the pressure increases volume decreases and hence specific volume decreases.
Problems:
1. Calculate specific weight, density, specific volume and specific gravity and if one liter of Petrol weighs 6.867N.
γ=W V
V = 1Litre = 10−3 m3
= 6.867 10−3 W = 6.867N
γ = 6867N / m3
γ S tan S = dard ρ=Sg
6867
= 6867 = ρ x 9.81 9810
∀= M=W/g M 10−3
= M = 6.867 ÷ 9.81 0.7
∀ = 1.4x10−3m3/kg M = 0.7 kg
3. Specific gravity of a liquid is 0.7 Find i) Mass density ii) specific weight. Also find the mass and weight of 10 Liters of liquid.
S= S = 0.7
γ γ = ρg V=? S tan dard ρ=? γ
ρ = 700 kg / m3 V = 10 litre γ =6867N/m3 = 10x10−3m3
ρ γ=
S= V S tan dard W
6867 = ρ 10−2
0.7 = 1000
W = 68.67 N ρ = 700kg / m3 or M
ρ= V W=mg
M = 7 x 9.81
700 = 10x10 −3 W = 68.67 N M = 7kg
The process by which the molecules of the liquid go out of its surface in the form of vapour is called Vaporisation.
b) By reducing the pressure above the surface of the liquid to a value less than Vapour pressure of the liquid.
Vapours of
Air Liquid Vapour
Pressure
Liquid Liquid
As the pressure above the surface of the liquid is reduced, at some point, there will be vaporisation of theliquid. If the reduction in pressure is continued vapourisation will also continue. If the reduction in pressure isstopped, vaporisation continues until vapours of the liquid exert certain pressure which will just stop the
vaporisation. This minimum partial pressure exerted by the vapours of the liquid just to stop vaporisation is called Vapour Pressure of the liquid.
If the pressure over the surface goes below the vapour pressure, then, there will be vaporisation. But if the pressure above the surface is more than the vapour pressure then there will not be vaporisation unless there is heating.
1. In case of Hydraulic turbines sometimes pressure goes below the vapour pressure of the liquid. This leads to vaporisation and formation of bubbles of liquid. When bubbles are carried to high Pressure zone they get busted leaving partial vacuum. Surrounding liquid enters this space with very high velocity exerting large force on the part of the machinery. This phenornenon is called cavitations. Turbines are designed such that there are no cavitations.
2. In Carburettors and sprayers vapours of liquid are created by reducing the pressure below vapour pressure of the liquid.
1.6. Viscosity:
Viscosity is the property by virtue of which fluid offers resistance against the flow orshear deformation. In other words, it is the reluctance of the fluid to flow. Viscous forceis that force of resistance offered by a layer of fluid for the motion of another layer overit.
Let us consider a liquid between the fixed plate and the movable plate at adistance ‘Y’ apart , ‘A’ is the contact area (Wetted area ) of the movable plate , ‘F’ is theforce required to move the plate with a velocity ‘U’ According to Newton
Area of contact = A F U U Movable Plate
Liquid
♦ Fα A ♦ FαDept of Mechanical Engg, ATMECE, Mysuru Page 13 FLUID MECHANI CS
1 Y
♦ Fα U
∴ FαAU
F= µ. AU Y
∴τ=µU Y
‘τ’ is the force required; per unit area called ‘Shear Stress’.
It is the difference in velocity per unit distance between any two layers.
If the velocity profile is linear then velocity gradient is given by U . If the velocity profile Y
µ= τy U 2 N/m.m m/s
Ns µ or µ P s m2 a
NOTE:
In CGS system unit of dynamic viscosity is dyne . Sec and is called poise (P). cm2
NS If the value of is given in poise, multiply it by 0.1 to get it in . m2
m 2
k Unit of KV: g
/ µ KV m ρ 3
= NS x m3 µ m 2 kg
F = ma kg m s m3
= x x = m2 / s s2 m2 kg N = Kg.m / s2
1.6.3 Problems:
1. Viscosity of water is 0.01 poise. Find its kinematics viscosity if specific gravity is 0.998.
S= = 0.001 ρ m2 s tan drad
∴ KV =µ
ρ 0.001
0.998 = = 1000 998
KV = 1 x 10−6 m 2 / s
ρ = 998 kg / m3
2. A Plate at a distance 0.0254mm from a fixed plate moves at 0.61m/s and requires a force of 1.962N/m2 area of plate. Determine dynamic viscosity of liquid between the plates.
U = 0.61 m/s
Y = 0.0254 mm = 0.0254 x 10-3m
τ = 1.962 N / m2
µ =?
1.962 = µ x 0.61
0.0254 x 10−3
µ = 8.17 x 10 −5N S m 2
y = 1 mm = 1 x 10-3m Plat e
450 U = 0.5 m/s
0 W 45
A =1m2
U = 0.5m/s
Y = 1x10-3m
µ = 0.1NS/m2
W=?
F = W x cos 450
=Wx 0.707 F = 0.707W τ=F
τ = 0.707W 1
τ = 0.707 W N / m2
τ = µ.U Y 0.5 0.707W = 0.1 x 1 x 10−3
W = 70.72 N
4. A shaft of φ 20mm and mass 15kg slides vertically in a sleeve with a velocity of 5 m/s. The gap between the shaft and the sleeve is 0.1mm and is filled with oil. Calculate the viscosity of oil if the length of the shaft is 500mm.
0.1 mm 0.1 mm 20
500 500 mm mm
6. A circular disc of 0.3m dia and weight 50 N is kept on an inclined surface with a slope of 450. The space between the disc and the surface is 2 mm and is filled with oil
of dynamics viscosity 1NS . What force will be required to pull the disc up the m 2
P Motion
450 2 mm = 2 x 10-3 m = y 450
W = 150 N
Air
Surface tension is due to cohesion between the molecules of liquid and weak adhesion between the molecules on the exposed surface of the liquid and molecules of air A molecule inside the surface gets attracted by equal forces from the surrounding molecules whereas a molecule on the surface gets attracted by the molecule below it. Since there are no molecules above it, it experiences an unbalanced vertically downward force. Due to this entire surface of the liquid expose of to air will have a tendency to move in ward and hence the surface will be under tension. The property of the liquid surface to offer resistance against tension is called surface tension.
Any liquid between contact surfaces attains curved surface as shown in figure.
The curved surface of the liquid is called Meniscus. If adhesion is more than cohesion
then the meniscus will be concave. If cohesion is greater than adhesion meniscus will be
convex.
Capillarity is the phenomena by which liquids will rise or fall in a tube of smalldiameter dipped in them. Capillarity is due to cohesion / adhesion and surface tension ofliquids. If adhesion is more than cohesion then there will be capillary rise. If cohesion isgreater than adhesion then will be capillary fall or depression. The surface tensile forcesupports capillary rise or depression.
Note:
Angle of contact:
Surface Surface θ θ tension tension Surface Surface tension tension
The angle between surface tensile force and the vertical is called angle of contact.If adhesion is more than cohesion then angle of contact is obtuse.
1.9 Compressibility:
It is the property by virtue of which there will be change in volume of fluid due to
change in pressure.
Let ‘v’ be the original volume and ‘dv’ be the change in volume due to change in dvpressure ‘dp’ , i.e., the ratio of change in volume to original volume is called v
The ratio of change in pressure to the volumetric strain produced is called Bulkmodulus of elasticity of the fluid and is denoted by ‘K’
dp
dv ∴ Compressibility =1= v
K dp
m2/N.
Fluid is a state of matter which exhibits the property of flow. When a certain massof fluids is held in static equilibrium by confining it within solid boundaries, it exertsforce along direction perpendicular to the boundary in contact. This force is called fluidpressure.
Pressure distribution:
If the force exerted by the fluid is same at all the points of contact boundary thenthe pressure distribution is said to be uniform.
If the force exerted by the fluid is not same at all the points then the pressuredistribution is said to be non-uniform.
Intensity of pressure at a point is defined as the force exerted over unit areaconsidered around that point. If the pressure distribution is uniform then intensity ofpressure will be same at all the points.
To study the variation of intensity of pressure in a static mass of fluid: or derive hydrostatic law ofpressure.
∂ p dy
∂ p dz p+ , dx .dz
p− , dx .dy ∂y 2 ∂z 2
y z
∂ p dx
p− , dz .dy
∂x 2 ∂ p dx
dz p+ x .dy ∂x 2 dy
dz
dx
∂p dy ∂ p dz
p− x dx .dz p+ x dx .dy ∂y 2 ∂ z2
Fx=0
∂ p dx ∂ p dx + p− . dy dz − P + . dy dz = 0 ∂x 2 ∂x 2
∂ p dx ∂ p dx i, e p − . −p − . =0 ∂x 2 ∂ x2
− 2. ∂P . dx= 0 ∂x 2
∴∂P = 0 ∂ x
Fz=0Dept of Mechanical Engg, ATMECE, Mysuru Page 29 FLUID MECHANICS
∂ p dz ∂ p dz + p− . dx dy − p + . = 0 dx dy = 0
∂z 2 ∂z 2 ∴∂p = 0
∂z
Fy=0
∂ p dy + p− . dx dz − p +
∂y 2
∂ p dy ∂ P dy ∂ p i.e. p − . −p − . . dy dx dz − γ dx dy dz = 0 ∂y 2 ∂y 2 ∂y 2 i, e −∂p dy = γdy ∂y
= γdy
∴∂p = − γ ∂ y
-ve sign indicates that the pressure increases in the downward direction i.e., as the depthbelow the surface increases intensity of pressure increases. ∴∂p = γ ∂y
∴∂p=γ. oyintegratin g, p = γy + C at y = 0; p = pAtmospheric
patm = γ x0 + C
∴ C = patm
∴ p = γy +patm The above equation is called hydrostatic law of pressure.
Statement: Intensity of pressure at a point in a static mass of fluid is same along the
directions.
Proof:
ps ps dz ds 90 - θ ds dy (900) dy px θ px dy dz θ θ dz dx dx
py dx dz
Let us consider three planes around a point as shown in figure. Figure showsintensity of pressure and force along different directions. The system of forces should bein equilibrium. ∴ Fx = 0
ps dy = px dy
ps = px
∴ Fy=0
- ps ds.dz cos θ + py dx dz = 0 py dx = ps ds cosθ
py dx = ps dx p y = ps
∴ p x = p y = pz
a) Simple Manometers
b) Differential Manometers.
a) Simple Manometers
b) Differential Manometers
1.13 Problems
1. Determine the pressure at A for the U- tube manometer shown in fig. Also calculate the absolute pressure at A in kPa.
X A 750mm 500m m
Hg (S = 13.6) Water
hA=6.05 m of water
p =γ h
= 9.81x6.05
p abs= patm+pgauge
= 101.3 + 59.35
pabc=160.65 kPa
2. For the arrangement shown in figure, determine gauge and absolute pressure at the point M.
250mm
X M 750 mm
Mercury (13.6) Oil (S = 0.8)
hM = 4 m of water
p=γh
p = 39.24 kPa
p abs140.54 kPa
OUT COMES
1) 1. Identify and calculate the key fluid properties used in the analysis of fluid behaviour.
Exercise
MODULE-2
CONTENTS
OBJECTIVES
Fig. Buoyancy
The Buoyancy is an upward force exerted by the fluid on the body when the body is immersed in a fluid or floating on a fluid. This upward force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.
The Buoyant Force (FB) is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the Submerged body and actsvertically upwards through the centred of the displaced volume. Net weight of the submerged body = Actualweight – Buoyant force.
The buoyant force on a partially immersed body is also equal to the weight of the displaced liquid. The buoyant force depends upon the density of the fluid and submerged volume of the body. For a floating body in static equilibrium, the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the body.
2.4 STABILITY Stable conditions of the floating body can be achieved, under certain conditions even though (G) is above (B). When a floating body undergoes angular displacement about the horizontal position, the shape of the immersed volume changes and so, the Center of Buoyancy moves relative to the body.
Fig. (a) shows equilibrium position; (G) is above (B), FB and W are co-linear. Fig. (b) shows the situation after the body has undergone a small angular displacement (θ) with respect to the vertical axis. (G) remains unchanged relative to the body. (B) is the Center of Buoyancy (Centroid of the Immersed Volume) and it moves towards the right to the new position [B1]. The new line of action of the buoyant force through [B1] which is always vertical intersects the axis BG (old vertical line through [B] and [G]) at [M]. For small angles of (θ), point [M] is practically constant and is known as Meta Center.
Meta Center [M] is a point of intersection of the lines of action of Buoyant Force before and after heel. The distance between Center of Gravity and Meta Center (GM) is called Meta-Centric Height. The distance [BM] is known as Meta-Centric Radius.
In Fig. (b), [M] is above [G], the Restoring Couple acts on the body in its displaced position and tends to turn the body to the original position - Floating body is in stable equilibrium.
If [M] were below [G], the couple would be an Over-turning Couple and the body would be in Unstable Equilibrium.
If [M] coincides with [G], the body will assume a new position without any further movement and thus will be in Neutral Equilibrium.
For a floating body, stability is determined not simply by the relative positions of [B] and [G]. The stability is determined by the relative positions of [M] and [G]. The distance of the Meta-Center [M] above [G] along the line [BG] is known as the Meta- Centric height (GM). GM=BM-BG GM>0, [M] above [G]----- -- Stable Equilibrium GM=0, [M] coinciding with ------Neutral [G] Equilibrium GM<0, [M] below [G]------ - Unstable Equilibrium.
Consider a floating object as shown. It is given a small tilt angle(θ) from the initial state. Increase in the volume of displacement on the right hand side displaces the Center of Buoyancy from (B) to (B1)
The shift in the center of Buoyancy results in the Restoring Couple = W (BM tan θ); Since FB= W; W=Weight of the body= Buoyant force= FB
This is the moment caused by the movement of Center of Buoyancy from (B) to (B1) Volume of the liquid displaced by the object remains same. Area AOA1=Area DOD1
Weight of the wedge AOA1(which emerges out)=Weight of the wedge DOD1(that was submerged)
Let (l) and (b) be the length and breadth of the object. . Weight of each wedge shaped portion of the liquid
There exists a buoyant force dFB upwards on the wedge (ODD1) and dFB downwards on the wedge (OAA1) each at a distance of (2/3)(b/2)=(b/3) from the center. The two forces are equal and opposite and constitute a couple of magnitude, dM= dF(2/3)b =[(wb2 l tan θ)/8](2/3)b =w(lb3/12)tan θ=wI tan θ Where, I is Y Y B Y Y the moment of inertia of the floating object about the longitudinal axis. This moment is equal to the moment caused by the movement of buoyant force from (B) to (B1).
W(BM) tan θ=w(IYY) tan θ; Since W=wV, where V=volume of liquid displaced by the object, wV(BM) tan θ=w IYY tan θ Therefore, BM= (IYY/ V) and GM = BM-BG= (IYY/ V) - BG
Where BM = [Second moment of the area of the plane of flotation about the centroidal axis perpendicular to the plane of rotation / Immersed Volume]
FLOW PATTERNS
(a) Stream line is a line, which is everywhere tangent to the velocity vector at a given instant. (b) Path line is the actual path traversed by a given particle.
(c) Streak line is the locus of particles that have earlier passed through a prescribed point. (d) Time line is a set of fluid particles that form a line at a given instant.
Steady flow is the type of flow in which the various flow parameters and fluid properties at any pointdo not change with time. In a steady flow, any property may vary from point to point in the field, butall properties remain constant with time at every point.[∂V/∂ t] x,y,z= 0; [∂p/ ∂t] x,y,z =0. Ex.:V=V(x,y,z); p=p(x,y,z) . Time is a criterion.Unsteady flow is the type of flow in which the various flow parameters and fluid properties at anypoint change with time. [∂V/∂t]x,y,z≠0 ; [∂p/∂t]x,y,z≠0, Eg.:V=V(x,y,z,t), p=p(x,y,z,t) or V=V(t), p=p(t) .Time is a criterionUniform Flow is the type of flow in which velocity and other flow parameters at any instant of timedo not change with respect to space. Eg., V=V(x) indicates that the flow is uniform in ‘y’ and ‘z’axis. V=V (t) indicates that the flow is uniform in ‘x’, ‘y’ and ‘z’ directions. Space is a criterion.Uniform flow field is used to describe a flow in which the magnitude and direction of the velocityvector are constant, i.e., independent of all space coordinates throughout the entire flow field (asopposed to uniform flow at a cross section). That is, [∂V/ ∂s]t=constant =0, that is ‘V’ has unique valuein entire flow fieldNon-uniform flow is the type of flow in which velocity and other flow parameters at any instantchange with respect to space. [∂V/ ∂s]t=constant is not equal to zero. Distance or space is a criterion
Laminar Flow is a type of flow in which the fluid particles move along well-defined paths or stream-lines. The fluid particles move in laminas or layers gliding smoothly over one another. The behaviorof fluid particles in motion is a criterion.Turbulent Flow is a type of flow in which the fluid particles move in zigzag way in the flow field.Fluid particles move randomly from one layer to another. Reynolds number is a criterion. We canassume that for a flow in pipe, for Reynolds No. less than 2000, the flow is laminar; between 2000-4000, the flow is transitional; and greater than 4000, the flow is turbulent.
Compressible Flow is the type of flow in which the density of the fluid changes in the flow field.Density is not constant in the flow field. Classification of flow based on Mach number is givenbelow: M < 0.25 – Low speed M < unity – Subsonic M around unity – Transonic M > unity – Supersonic M >> unity, (say 7) – Hypersonic
One-dimensional flow is the type of flow in which flow parameters such as velocity is a function oftime and one space coordinate only. For Ex., V=V(x,t) – 1-D, unsteady ; V=V(x) – 1-D, steady
Two-dimensional flow is the type of flow in which flow parameters describing the flow vary in twospace coordinates and time. For Ex., V=V(x,y,t) – 2-D, unsteady; V=V(x,y) – 2-D, steady
Three-dimensional flow is the type of flow in which the flow parameters describing the flow vary inthree space coordinates and time.
Volume flow rate, Q= A×V m3/s where A=cross sectional area and V= average velocity.
For compressible fluids, rate of flow is expressed as mass of fluid flowing across a section persecond.
Continuity equation is based on Law of Conservation of Mass. For a fluid flowing through a pipe, ina steady flow, the quantity of fluid flowing per second at all cross-sections is a constant.
Let v1=average velocity at section [1], ρ1=density of fluid at [1], A1=area of flow at [1]; Let v2, ρ2, A 2 be corresponding values at section [2]. Rate of flow at section [1]= ρ1 A1 v1 Rate of flow at section [2]= ρ2 A2 v2 ρ1 A1 v1= ρ2 A2 v2This equation is applicable to steady compressible or incompressible fluid flows and is calledContinuity Equation. If the fluid is incompressible, ρ 1 = ρ2 and the continuity equation reduces to A1v1= A2 v2
For steady, one dimensional flow with one inlet and one outlet, ρ 1 A1 v1− ρ2A2 v2=0For control volume with N inlets and outlets
Ni=1 (ρi Ai vi) =0 where inflows are positive and outflows are negative . Velocities are normal tothe areas. This is the continuity equation for steady one dimensional flow through a fixedcontrol volume N ( When density is constant, i=1 Aivi)=0
OUTCOMES
EXERCISE
2 List and explain the types of fluid flow with suitable examples
MODULE-3
CONTENTS 3.1 Fluid dynamics: basic concept 3.2 Equations of motion 3.3 Euler’s equation of motion 3.4 Bernoulli’s equation 3.5 Problems 3.6 Applications 3.7 Flow measurements 3.8 Problems on venturimeter 3.9 Orifice meter 3.10 Pitot tube 3.11 Notches 3.12 Energy losses in pipe flow 3.13 Laminar-Turbulent flow 3.14 Major energy losses 3.15 Darcy’s equation 3.16 Problems 3.17 Minor energy losses 3.18 Hydraulic energy line-Total energy line
OBJECTIVES 1 To understand flow the flow characteristics and dynamics of flow of fluid. 2 To discuss the main properties of laminar and turbulent flow 3 To understand the major and minor energy losses
The laws of Statics that we have learned cannot solve Dynamic Problems. There is no way tosolve for the flow rate, or Q. Therefore, we need a new dynamic approach to Fluid Mechanics.
The dynamics of fluid flow is the study of fluid motion with forces causing flow. The dynamicbehaviours of the fluid flow is analyzed by the Newton’s law of motion (F=ma), which relatesthe acceleration with the forces. The fluid is assumed to be incompressible and non-viscous.
Mathematically, Fx = m.ax
• The pressure force ‘Fp’ is exerted on the fluid mass, if there exists a pressure gradient between the 2 parts in the direction of flow.
The gravity force ‘Fg’ is due to the weight of the fluid and it is equal to ‘M g’. The gravity force for unit volume is equal to ‘ g’.
• The viscous force ‘Fv’ is due to the viscosity of the flowing fluid and thus exists in the case of all real fluid.
• The turbulent flow ‘Ft’ is due to the turbulence of the flow. In the turbulent flow, the fluid particles move from one layer to other and therefore, there is a continuous momentum transfer between adjacent layer, which results in developing additional stresses(called Reynolds stresses) for the flowing fluid.
• The surface tension force ‘Fs’ is due to the cohesive property of the fluid mass. It is, however, important only when the depth of flow is extremely small.
• The compressibility force ‘Fe’ is due to elastic property of fluid and it is important only either for compressible fluids or in the cases of flowing fluids in which the elastic properties of fluids are significant.
• If a certain mass of fluid in the motion is influenced by all the above mentioned forces, thus according to Newton’s law of motion, the following equation of motion may be written as
Further by resolving the various forces and the acceleration along the x, y and z directions, thefollowing equation of motion may be obtained.
Maz= Fgz+Fpz+Fvz+Ftz+Fsz+Fez
The subscripts x, y and z are introduced to represent the component of each of the forces and theacceleration in the respective directions
Assumptions:
• The velocity is uniform across the section and is equal to the mean velocity.
• Flow is Irrrotational.
• The only forces acting on the fluid are gravity and the pressure forces.
Consider a streamline and select a small cylindrical fluid system for analysis as shown in Figs. 1(a) & (b) oflength ‘ds’ and c/s area ‘dA’ as a free body from the moving fluid,
The forces acting (tending to accelerate) the fluid element in the direction of stream line are as follows,
= - g.dA.ds.cos
= - g.dA.dz -- (2)
p/ g + v2/2g + z= constant
p/w+v2/2g+z =constant
In other words,
As points 1 and 2 are any two arbitrary points on the streamline, the quantity
Applies to all points on the streamline and thus provides a useful relationship between pressureDept of Mechanical Engg, ATMECE, Mysuru Page 54 FLUID MECHANICS
p, the magnitude V of the velocity, and the height z above datum. Eqn. B is known astheBernoulli equation and the Bernoulli constant H is also termed the total head
Statement: In an ideal, incompressible fluid, when the flow is steady and continuous,thesum of pressure energy, kinetic energy and potential energy (or datum) energy isconstant along a stream line.
Proof: Consider an ideal & incompressible fluid flowing through a non-uniform pipe as shown
in fig. 2. Let us consider 2 sections LL&MM and assume that the pipe is running full and there is
Let p1=pressure at LL
V1=velocity of liquid at LL
Let the liquid b/w 2sections LL&MM move to L1L1&M1M1 through very small length dl1&dl2 asshown in figure 2. This movement of liquid b/w LL&MM is equivalent to the movement ofliquid b/w L1L1&M1M1 being unaffected W= wA1dl1=wA2dl2 … Volume of fluidOr A1dl1=W/w and A2dl2=W/w
Therefore A1dl1=A2dl2
Similarly, work done by press at MM in moving the liquid to M 1M1= P2A2dl2 (negative signindicates that direction of p2 is opposite to that of p1)
=A1dl1 (p1-p2)
= datum head
1. Water is flowing through a pipe of diameter 5cm under a pressure of 29.43N/cm 2 (gauge) andwith mean velocity of 2 m/s. Find the total energy per unit weight of the water at a cross-section,which is 5m above the datum line.
Solution
2). A pipe through which the water is flowing, is having diameters 20 cm and 10 cm at the cross-
sections 1 and 2 respectively. The velocity of water at section 1 is given 40m/s. find the velocity
D1=20 cm =0.2m,
v1=4 m/s
D2=0.1m,
V12/ 2g = 4 x4 /2x9.81=0.815 m
A1V1=A2V2
V2= A2V2/A2= 0.0314 x4/0.00785 =16.0 m/s Velocity head at sec.2 = V22/2g = 16 x16 /2 x9.81 V2= 83.047 m
=0.1256 m3/s
3) The water is flowing through a tapering pipe having diameter 300mm and 150mm at section 1 & 2 respectively. The discharge through the pipe is 40lit/sec. the section 1 is 10m above datum and section 2 is 6m above datum. Find the intensity of pressure at section 2, if that at section 1 is 400kN/m2
Solution:
Fig. 3
At section 1
Pressure p1=400kN/m2
At section 2
D2=150mm=0.15m,
And
We get, p1/w+v12/2g+z1=p2/w+v22/2g+z2
= (400/9.81) + 1/ (2*9.81)*(0.5662-2.2642)+(10-6)
4) Water is flowing through a taper pipe of length 100 m, having diameter 600mm and 300mm at the upper endand lower end respectively, at the rate of 50 lit/s. the pipe has a slope of 1 in 30. Find the pressure at the lower endif the pressure at the higher level is 19.62 N/cm2.
Let the datum line is passing through the centre of the lower end, Then z2=0 As slope is 1 in 30 means z1=1/30 x100= 10/3 m
Q= A1V1=A2V2
V1=0.05/A1 =0.1768=0.177 m/s V2=0.05/A2=0.7074 =0.707 m/s
= 22.857 N/cm2
5) A pipe 200m long slopes down at 1 in 100 and tapers from 600mm diameter at the higher end to 300mm diameter at the lower end, and carries 100 lit/sec of oil (specific gravity 0.8). If the pressure gauge at the higher end reads 60 kN/m2. Determine,
Fig. 5
Where V1& V2 are the velocities at the higher and lower side respectively. V1= Q/A1 =0.1/0.283= 0.353m/sec
p1/w+v12/2g+z1=p2/w+v22/2g+z2
60/(0.8*9.81)+0.3532/(2*9.81)+2=p2/(0.8*9.81)+(1.4142/2*9.81)+0
p2 /(0.8*9.81) = 9.54,
6) Water is flowing through a pipe having diameter 300mm and 200mm at the bottom and upper end respectively.The intensity of pressure at the bottom end is 24.525 N/cm 2 and at upper end is 9.81 N/cm2. Determine thedifference in datum head if the rate of flow through pipe is 40 lit/s.
Fig. 6
Solution:
Now A1V1=A2V2=0.04
z2- z1=25.32-11.623=13.697=13.70 m,
7) A non-uniform part of a pipe line 5 m long is laid at a slope of 2 in 5. Two pressure gauges each fitted at upper and lower ends read 20 N/cm2 and 12.5 N/ cm2. If the diameters at the upper end and lower end are 15 cm 10 cm respectively. Determine the quantity of water flowing per second.
Fig.7
L= 5 m, D1=15cm =0.15m
Let the datum line is passing through the centre of the lower end
Then z2=0
Q= A1V1=A2V2
V1 = 0.444 V2
V2=15.35 m/s
Q = 120.5 lit/s
1) Venturimeter
2) Orifice meter
3) Pitot tube
The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a fluid flows through a constricted section of pipe. The Venturi effect is named after Giovanni Battista Venturi (1746–1822), an Italian physicist.
The main advantages of the Venturimeter over the orifice plate are:
• Self-cleaning
The simplest apparatus, built out of PVC pipe as shown in the photograph is a tubular setup known as a Venturitube or simply a venturi. Fluid flows through a length of pipe of varying diameter.
1) A horizontal venturimeter with inlet and throat diameters 30cm and 15cm respectively is usedto measure the flow of water. The reading of differential manometer connected to the throat andinlet is 20cm of mercury. Determine the rate of flow. Take Cd=0.98.
Given:
2Dia at inlet, d1 =30cm, Area at inlet, a1= ( d1 )/4
= ( 302)/4 =706.85cm2
Cd =0.98
h =x [(sh/sw)-1]
86067593.36/684.4
= 125756cm3/s=125756lit/s
Q = 125.756 lit./s
2) An oil of specific gravity 0.8 is flowing through a venturimeter having inlet diameter 20cmand throat diameter 10cm. The oil(so = 0.8)-mercury differential manometer shows a reading of25cm. Calculate the discharge of oil through the horizontal venturimeter. Take Cd=0.98.
a2 =( 102)/4 =78.54cm2
Cd = 0.98 (given)
=21421375.68/304 cm3/s =70465cm3/s
Q =70.465 lit/s
An orifice meter is a conduit and a restriction to create a pressure drop. An hour glass is a form oforifice.
A nozzle, venturi or thin sharp edged orifice can be used as the flow restriction. In order to useany of these devices for measurement it is necessary to empirically calibrate them. That is, pass aknown volume through the meter and note the reading in order to provide a standard formeasuring other quantities.
Due to the ease of duplicating and the simple construction, the thin sharp edged orifice has beenadopted as a standard and extensive calibration work has been done so that it is widely acceptedas a standard means of measuring fluids.
Provided the standard mechanics of construction are followed no further calibration is required.
Fig.H= depth of tube in liquid
The Pitot tube (named after the French scientist Pitot) is one of the simplest and most usefulinstruments ever devised. the tube is a small glass tube bent at right angles and is placed in flowsuch that lower end, which is bent through 900is directed in the upstream direction as shownin figure. The liquid rises in the tube due to conversion of kinetic energy into potential energy.The velocity is determined by measuring the rise of liquid in the tube.
Consider two points (1) & (2) at the same level in such a way that the point (2) is just at theinlet of the pitot tube and point (1) is far away from the tube
Let p1, v1& p2, v2 are pressure and velocities at point (1) & (2) respectively
But z1= z2 as point 1 & are on the same line and v2=0
H+ v12/2g= h+H
h= v12/2g
or
A notch is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of liquid through a small channel or atank. The notch is defined as an opening in the side of the tank or a small channel in such a waythat the liquid surface in the tank or channel is below the top edge of the opening.
– Recall - because of theno-slip condition, the velocity at the walls of a pipe or ductflow is zero
– We are often interested only inVavg, which we usually call justV(drop thesubscript for convenience)
– Keep in mind that the no-slip condition causes shear stress andfrictionalong thepipe walls
Laminar flow:
• Can be steady or unsteady (steady means the flow field at any instant of time is the same as at any other instant of time)
Turbulent flow:
• Is always unsteady.
Why? There are always random, swirling motions (vortices or eddies) in a turbulent flow
Note: however a turbulent flow can be steady in the mean. We call this a stationary turbulent flow.
• Darcy-weisbach equation
• Chezy’s equation
• Bend in pipe
• Pipe fittings
• An obstruction in pipe
and, p2 and v2= are values of pressure intensity and velocity at section 2-2
Total head at 1-1 = total head at 2-2 + loss of head due to friction between 1-1 & 2-2
or hf= {(p1/w)-(p2/w)}
But hf is the head lost due to friction and hence intensity of pressure will be reduced in thedirection of flow by frictional resistance.
The forces acting on the fluid between sections 1-1 and 2-2 are:
F1 = f1 * P* L* V2]
p1 – p2 = ghf
hf = f1 / g *P/A * L *V 2 -------(3)
hf = f1 / g * 4/d* * L *V 2 -------(4)
co efficient of friction f which is function of Reynolds number is given by f = 16/R e for Re <2000(viscous flow)
An equilibrium between the propelling force due to pressure difference and the frictionaldifference gives
(P1-P2)A/w = f1PLV2/w
3.16 Problems:
1) In a pipe of diameter 350 mm and length 75 m water is flowing at a velocity of 2.8 m/s. Findthe head lost due to friction using :
Chezy’s constant C = 55
= 0.012*10-4 m2/s
(i)Darcy-Weisbach formula:
= 0.0719/ (8.167*105)0.25
= 0.00263
hf = 0.9 m
= 0.0875 m
i = 0.00296
hf = 0.0296*75
hf =2.22 m
2) water flows through a pipe of diameter 300 mm with a velocity of 5 m/s. If the co-efficient offriction is given by f = 0.015 + (0.08/ (Re)0.3) where Re is the Reynolds number, find the head lostdue to friction for a length of 10 m. Take kinematic viscosity of water as 0.01 stoke.
Solution:Diameter of the pipe, D = 300mm = 0.30 m
= 0.01*10-4 m2/s
hf = 4fLV2/2gD=4*0.0161*10*52/(0.3*2*9.81)
hf = 2.735 m
Apply the knowledge of fluid statics, kinematics and dynamics while addressing problems of mechanical engineering problems.
EXERCISES
• Derive an expression for Bernoulli’s equation and mention the assumptions made in it. • What are losses occurring in pipe flow. • Derive an expression due to sudden enlargement.
MODULE- 4
CONTENTS4.1 Fundamental dimensions4.2 Dimension Quantities4.3 Methods of dimensional analysis4.4 problems4.5 Buckingham’s theorem4.6 Model analysis4.7 Dimensionless numbers
Objectives
All physical quantities are measured by comparison which is made with respect toa fixed value.
Length, Mass and Time are three fixed dimensions which are of importance influid mechanics and fluid machinery. In compressible flow problems, temperature is alsoconsidered as fundamental dimensions.
• Dimensional Homogeneity
In an equation if each and every term or unit has same dimensions, then it is saidto have Dimensional Homogeneity.
V = u + at
1. Length L 2. Mass M 3. Time S 4. Area L2 8. M o 5. Volume L3 m e nt 6. Velocity u m 7. Acceleration
9. Force 26. P 10. Moment or Torque re ss ur 11. Weight e
28. E 14. Specific gravity , C 15. Specific volume , K
20. Energy
21. Power
25. Frequency
1. Rayleigh’s method
Rayleigh’s method
Methodology
X1 is a function of
Dimensions for quantities on left hand side as well as on the right hand side arewritten and using the concept of Dimensional Homogeneity a, b, c …. can be determined.
Then,
Problems 1: Velocity of sound in air varies as bulk modulus of elasticity K, Mass
K density ρ. Derive an expression for velocity in form C = ρ
• Solution:
C = f (K, ρ)
C = M ⋅ Ka⋅ ρb
M – Constant of proportionality
1 b=- 2 C = MK1/2 ρ-1/2
C= K M ρ
K If, M = 1, C=ρ
• Problem 2: Find the equation for the power developed by a pump if it depends onhead H discharge Q and specific weight γ of the fluid.
P = f (H, Q, γ)
2 = a + 3b – 2c Power = L2MT-3
1=c Head = LMoTo – 3 = – b – 2c Discharge = L3MoT-1 –3= –b–2 Specific Weight = L-2MT-2 b=–2+3
b=1
2=a+3–2 a=1
P = K ⋅ H1⋅ Q1⋅ γ1
P=K⋅H⋅ Q⋅γWhen, K=1
P=H⋅ Q⋅γ
• Solution:
R = f (D, V, ρ, µ)
R = K ⋅ Da⋅ Vb⋅ρc, µ d
c+d=1 Force = LMT-2 c=1–d Diameter = LMoTo Velocity = LMoT-1 –b–d=–2 Mass density = L3MTo b=2–d Dynamic Viscosity = L-1MT-1
1 = a + b – 3c – d 1 = a + 2 – d – 3 (1 – d) – d 1 = a + 2 – d – 3 + 3d – d a=2–d
R = K ⋅ D2-d⋅ V2-d⋅ρ1-d, µ d
D2 V2 ρ R=K ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ µd
Dd Vd ρd 2 2 µd
R=K ⋅ ρV D ρVD 2 2 µ
R = ρV D φ
ρVD 2 2 ρVD
R = ρV D φ µ
ρ - L-3MTo• Solution:
µ - L-1MT-1 η = f (ρ, µ, ω, D, Q) η = K⋅ ρa⋅ µ b⋅ ωc⋅Dd⋅Qe ω - LoMoT-1 [η] = [ρ]a⋅ [µ]b⋅ [ω]c⋅ [D]d⋅ [Q]e D - LMoTo Q - L3MoT-1
a+b=0
a=– b
– b–c–e=0
c=–b–e
– 3a – b + d + 3e = o + 3b – b + d + 3e = 0
d = – 2b – 3e η=K
∴η=K
η=K
b e µ Q ⋅ρ-b ⋅µ b ⋅ω-b-e ⋅D-2b-3e⋅Qe ⋅ 1 1 2 b ρωD ωD13 2 ⋅ ρ ⋅ µ ω ⋅ ω ⋅ D ⋅D Q b b e 2 b 3 e
µ Q
η=φ 2, 3 ρωD ωD
Explanation:
If f (X1, X2, X3, ……… Xn) = 0 and variables can be expressed using mdimensions then.
Each Π term contains (m + 1) variables out of which m are of repeating type andone is of non-repeating type.
• Similitude / Similarity
• Types of Similarity
O Geometric similarity
O Kinematic similarity
O Dynamic similarity
• Geometrical Similarity
Geometric similarity is said to exist between the model and prototype if the ratioof corresponding linear dimensions between model and prototype are equal.
Lp hp Hp ............ i.e. L r Lm hm Hm Lrscale ratio / linear ratio Ap Vp
Lr2 Lr3 Am Vm
• Kinematic Similarity
Vr Velocity ratio
Dynamic Similarity
Dynamic similarity is said to exist between model and prototype if ratio of forcesat corresponding points of model and prototype is constant.
= = ........... = F F1 m F2m F3m R
FR Force ratio
∴ NRe Following dimensionless numbers are used in fluid mechanics.
1. Reynold’s number
2. Froude’s number
3. Euler’s number
4. Weber’s number
5. Mach number
1. Reynold’s number
Fi = Mass x Acceleration
Fi = ρ x Volume x Acceleration Fi=ρx Volume x Change in velocity Time
Fi = ρ x Q x V
Fi = ρAV2
FV Viscous force
FV = τ x A
FV = µ V A y
FV = µ V A L
NRe= ρAV2 µ V A L
ρVL N Re = µ
Fr = Fi F g
Fi = m x a
Fi = ρ x Volume x Acceleration
Fg = m x g
Fg = ρ x Volume x g
Fg = ρ x A x L x g
ρAV2 Fγ = ρxAxLxg
V2 Fγ = L g
V Fγ = Lg
εu=FiFp
Fi = Mass x Acceleration Velocity Fi = ρ x Volume x Time
Fi = ρ x Q x V Fi = ρAV2 Fp = p x A
ρAV 2 εu = =V pA ρ
v p εu= p
It is defined as the square root of ratio of inertia force to surface tensile force.
Fi Wb = Fp
Fb = ρAV2 Fs = σ x L
ρAV2 ρL Wb = =V σL σ
V Wb = σ
ρL
Fe = K x A
A Area
ρAV 2 M= KA
M V =
OUT COMES Understand and apply the principles of fluid kinematics and dynamics. Identify and analyse the factor to be considered in model analysis
MODULE – 5
CONTENTS5.1 Introduction5.2 Basic thermodynamic relations5.3 Equation of continuity5.4 Propagation of fluid5.5 Velocity of sound in terms of bulk modulus5.6 Problems5.7 Stagnation properties5.8 Flow past immersed bodies5.9 Types of drag
OBJECTIVES
1. To appreciate the consequences of compressibility in gas flow and understand the effects of friction. 2. Concept of dynamic similarity 3. To discuss the concept of boundary layer concept.
It seen that density is depends directly on pressure and inversely on temperature. Thus densitychanges in the flow can in fact occur. Such flows called compressible flows
Compressible flow is defined as the flow in which the density of the fluid does not remainconstant during flow. This means that the density changes from point to point in compressibleflow. But in case of incompressible flow, the density of the fluid is assumed to be constant. Influid flow measurements, flow passed immersed bodies, viscous flow etc,A study of compressible flow is so important because of the wide range examples that exist:
Equation of state- is defined as the equation which gives the relationship between the pressures, temperature specific volume of gas. For the perfect gas, the equation of state isWhere,Vs = Specific volume or volume per unit mass = 1/
• The value of gas constant R is different for each gas. For air having specific weight w of 1.293 (12.68 ) at a pressure of 760 mm of Hg (or 10,332 kgf/ or 101,300 ) and temperature 0˚C, the gas constant will be
In deriving the equation a1V1 = a2V2 = Q = constant, it was assumed that flowing fluid isincompressible i.e. 1= 2, hence the volumetric rate of i.e. flow volumetric discharge passingthrough any section
This is based on law of conservation of mass which states that matter cannot be created nor bedestroyed. Or in other words, the matter or mass is constant. For 1-D steady flow, the mass persecond = AV
As mass or mass per second is constant according to law of conservation of mass, Hence
AV = constant ----(a)
= dp/-(dvs/vs) …(c)
Now we know mass of the fluid is constant. Hence * volume = constant (since mass = * volume)* vs= constantDept of Mechanical Engg, ATMECE, Mysuru Page 102 FLUID MECHANICS
substituting the value (-dvs/vs) in equation (c), we get K=dp/(d / ) = (dp/d ) or (dp/d ) = (K/ )
dp K …..(d) This This
C imag imag e e cann cann ot ot curre curre ntly ntly be be displ displ ay ed ay ed . .
dρ ρ
Equation (d) gives the velocity of sound wave in terms of bulk modulus and density. Thisequation is applicable for liquids and gases.
(i)Crude oil of specific gravity 0.8 and bulk modulus 153036 N/cm2
= ((2648700 * 104)/13600)
= 1395.55 m/s
(i) Crude oil of specific gravity 0.8 and bulk modulus 1.5 GN/m 2
Solution:
C = (k/ )
3) Find the speed of the sound wave in air at sea-level where the pressure and temperature are10.1043 N/cm2 (absolute) and 15oC respectively. Take R =287 J/kg K and k=1.4.
Solution: Given :
Temperature, t = 15oCTherefore T = 273+15 = 288 K
= 340.17 m/s
4) Calculate the Mach number at a point on a jet propelled aircraft, which is flying at 1100 km/hour atsea level where air temperature is 20oC. Take k = 1.4 and R = 287 J/kg K.
Temperature, t = 20oC
C = (kRT)
= 343.11 m/s
Therefore, when there is a relative motion between the body and the fluid, force is exerted on the body.
The type of drag experienced by the body depends upon the nature of fluid and the shape of the body: 1. Skin friction drag
2. Pressure drag 3. Profile drag 4. Wave drag 5. Induced drag
Profile Drag or Total Drag is the sum of Pressure or Form drag and Skin Friction drag.
Wave Drag: When a body like ship moves through a fluid, waves areproduced on the surface of the liquid. The drag caused due to these waves is called as wave drag. The wave drag is obtained by subtracting all other drags from the total drag measurements. The drag, which is caused by change in pressure due to a shock wave in supersonic flow, is also called as wave drag.
Induced Drag: When a body has a finite length (Ex., Wing of an airplane), the pattern of flow is affected due to the conditions of flow at the ends. The flow cannot be treated as two-dimensional, but has to be treated as three-dimensional flow. Due to this, body is subjected to additional drag. This drag, due to the three dimensional nature of flow and finite length of the body is called as Induced Drag.
Deformation Drag: If the body with a very small length (Ex., Sphere) movesat very low velocity through a fluid with high kinematics viscosity (Re = (ρUL/µ) less than 0.1), the body experiences a resistance to its motion due to the wide spread deformation of fluid particles. This drag is known as Deformation Drag.
EXERCISE 1. List and explain the types of drags 2. Derive an expression for flow past immersed bodies.
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This relatively simple example demonstrates how you can call AX business logic from SSIS by connecting to a custom web service. It assumes some knowledge of the individual technologies themselves.
The underlying business logic for our custom web service in AX 2012 returns a message based on a parameter of type integer passed into it (1 or 2). The custom web service is called by a script task in SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS).
We will start with by creating the custom web service, followed by the script task. After that there is a configuration change to be made to enable the connection..
1. Create the custom web service in AX
When creating a custom web service in AX 2012 we would often create a data contract class as well, but we are skipping this here for simplicity.
a) Create the custom service class – SSISTestClass
This will contain the custom business logic being called in AX. In this example we return “Hello, World!” in English or Danish depending on whether you pass in 1 or 2 as a parameter (no offence intended to speakers of other languages; these are the native languages of the author and editor!).
In AX, open a new development workspace and go to the AOT (or ctrl+D).
Right click Classes>New Class.
Copy / paste the following code into the new class. The first snippet goes in the class declaration and regarding the second snippet, we are adding a new method called returnServiceValue, which we decorate with [SysEntryPointAttribute(true)], thereby avoiding the need for a data contract class.
public class SSISTestClass
{
}
[SysEntryPointAttribute(true)]
public str returnServiceValue(int _VSParm)
{
str EventName;
switch (_VSParm)
{
case (1):
EventName = “Hello world!”;
break;
case (2):
EventName = “Hej verden!”;
break;
}
return EventName;
}
b) Create the custom web service
In the AOT, browse to Services.
Right click>New Service.
On the new service: right click>Properties (or alt+enter). Change the Name to SSISService and the class to SSISTestClass. Save the service.
Browse to the Operations node on the service, right click>Add Operation.
Tick ‘Add’ next to returnServiceValue. Click OK. Save the service.
c) Add the service to a new service group
In the AOT, browse to Service Groups.
Right click>New Service Group.
On the new service group:
- Right click>Properties (or alt+enter). Change the Name to SSISServiceGroup.
- Right Click>New Service Node Reference.
- On the new service node reference, enter any Name and in the Service property, enter SSISService.
- On the service group, right click>Deploy service group.
- An infolog message should appear: “The port ‘SSISServiceGroup’ was deployed successfully”.
d) Validate the ports
Go to System administration/Setup/Services and Application Integration Framework/Inbound ports.
Ensure SSISServiceGroup has a green tick next to it or otherwise click the activate button at the top of the same form.
Copy the WSDL URI of the Service Group, e.g.. You’ll use this next.
2. Create the SSIS script task
a) Create a new SSIS project
Open SQL Server Data Tools.()
Create a new Integration Services project (File>New>Project>Integration Services Project).
Give the project a name, change the file path (location) if required and click OK.
Add a script task to your package (drag and drop on to the control flow) and in the properties, give it a suitable name, then click Save.
On the script task, right click>Edit.
Click ‘Edit Script…’
b) Create a new service reference
In Solution Explorer, on the Service References node, right click>Add Service Reference.
In the Address field, paste in the WSDL URI from step 1d above. Click Go.
Add a suitable name in the Namespace field, then click OK.
c) Build the script
In ScriptMain.cs, ensure you have declared all of the relevant namespaces, e.g.:
#region Namespaces
using System;
using System.Data;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.ServiceModel;
using ST_fcf30ebe667342e6805d2e771a1b2f6b.AXServiceReference;
#endregion
Add the following code, then save:
public void Main()
{
// TODO: Add your own code here
string AxValue;
AXServiceReference.SSISServiceClient client = new SSISServiceClient();
AxValue = client.returnServiceValue(null, 2); //Calling AX service. 1=”Hello world!”, 2 =”Hej verden!”
MessageBox.Show(AxValue); //Message box containing return value from AX service confirming success
//Your code – end
Dts.TaskResult = (int)ScriptResults.Success; //Indicating success in DTS task
}
In the Solution Explorer, on the solution, right click>Build.
Go back to the package and save the package.
3. Amend the configuration for SSIS
Before completing this part, you will receive an error like the following, because SSIS is not reading from the usual app.config file (as with a C# project for example), so can’t determine the endpoint address.
InvalidOperationException was unhandled by user code.
Could not find default endpoint element that references contract [Custom service name] in the ServiceModel client configuration section. This might be because no configuration file was found for your application, or because no endpoint element matching this contract could be found in the client environment.
What you will need to do is copy the information from your app.config, then paste into the relevant SSIS configuration file in notepad (after opening notepad as administrator).
You can determine which is the correct configuration file to change and where it can be found through one of the following approaches:
a) This third party blog post contains information a summary of the 5 configurations:
Further reference:
b) Place a breakpoint on or before the line where the error is reached.
Then save and run (‘Start’) the package.
Open task manager and look for one of the above processes (in part a).
From the task manager you can then right click on the relevant process and select ‘Open file location’.
For example, in my case:
- The process was DtsDebugHost.exe (“SSIS Debug Host”).
- The configuration file was DtsDebugHost.exe.config.
- The file path was C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn (similar to the above blog post, but replacing ‘90’ with my SQL Server version, i.e. 110 [SQL Server 2012].
Task manager: right click on process >Open file location
I then copied the contents of my app.config (double click to open, then take the part between and including the system.serviceModel tags as highlighted below):
I then pasted that into my DtsDebugHost.exe.config file (after creating a backup copy), then saved the file, i.e.:
Copy and paste the file to create a backup copy.
Copy the binn directory path.
Run notepad as administrator.
Paste in the binn directory location, then select ‘all files’, then DtsDebugHost.exe.config (in this example).
Save the file.
Expected result
After building the solution, run the package, then depending on the number you pass from the script into AX (highlighted below), you should receive a message box saying either “Hello world!” or “Hej verden!”
Extract from ScriptMain.cs showing the logic
AxValue = client.returnServiceValue(null, 1); //Calling AX service. 1=”Hello world!”, 2 =”Hej verden!”
Screenshot of expected result
Author: Glen Turnbull
Editor: Mansour Yahya Mohamad
Join the conversationAdd Comment | https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/axsupport/2015/11/11/calling-ax-2012-business-logic-from-ssis-using-a-script-task-and-custom-web-service/ | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | refinedweb | 1,168 | 59.19 |
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-140948612019-08-12T19:05:07.273+01:00devorkE pur si muoveUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger201125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-13437697208669965482016-12-15T22:25:00.000+00:002017-11-10T13:13:16.123+00:00Encrypted root on Debian with keyfile/keyscript<p>I've recently set up another laptop with whith whole-disk encryption, including <code>/boot</code>. This is all fine --the debian-installer <em>almost</em> gets it right, you just need to edit <tt>/etc/default/grub</tt> to add <tt>GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y</tt> and then re-run <tt>grub-install</tt> <a href="">Debian</a> this still involves creating some manual scripts to get this all working.</p> <p.</p> <p:</p> <code><pre> # cryptsetup luksDump /dev/nvme0n1p2 ... MK bits: 512 </pre></code> <p>So we need a minimum of 512 bits in our keyfile, or 64 bytes. I store the keyfile in <tt>/etc/cryptroot/</tt> but you can store it anywhere you like, just make sure only root can read it. Finally you want to add the keyfile as a way to decrypt the LUKS volume:</p> <code><pre> # </pre></code> <p>This is the easy part, now you want to add this keyfile to the initramfs and make sure that the initramfs will use it to decrypt the disk early at boot, rather then prompting you for the password.</p> <p>Firstly start with adding the keyfile to the Debian-specific <tt>/etc/crypttab</tt>, the third field there is the path of the keyfile so it should look similar to this:</p> <code><pre> # </pre></code> <p>The fourth field in this file are the <em>options</em>, you should have <tt>luks</tt> as one option and I also use <tt>discard</tt> <tt>keyscript</tt> option to enable it to be used in the initrd. Again the keyscript can live anywhere, but I also keep it in <tt>/etc/cryptroot</tt>.</p> <p:</p> <code><pre> #! </pre></code> <p>As the comment in the script describes, this keyscript itself will be included in the initramfs image automatically but our keyfile itself is still not included. We set the keyfile location in <tt>/etc/crypttab</tt> to <tt>/etc/cryptroot/keyfile.bin</tt> and we will get this value as <tt>$1</tt>, but this script is executed in the initramfs and the real filesystem is not yet there. So lastly we need to provide a hook for <tt>update-initramfs</tt> which will copy the keyfile to the right location in the initramfs image. We could have chosen any hardcoded location in the script instead of using the one from <tt>/etc/cypttab</tt>, but in this case I decided to use the same location in the initramfs as on the real system.</p> <p>So the last thing to do is create this hook scrypt in <tt>/etc/initramfs-tools/hooks/loadinitramfskey.sh</tt>:</p> <code><pre> #!/" </pre></code> <p>And now you have everything in place to build a new initramfs image:</p> <code><pre> update-initramfs -u </pre></code> <p>You could now pry appart your new initramfs image to check everything is in place. Or you could simply reboot and see if it all works.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-91163065986006855792016-08-15T23:57:00.000+01:002016-08-15T23:57:28.601+01:00A Container is an Erlang Process<p>This post is a response to <a href="">A Container Is A Function Call</a>.</p> <p>In particular the suggestion that the infrastructure, whether that is Docker Compose or as I would recommend Kubernetes or even something else, should refuse to run a container unless all it's dependencies are available:</p> <blockquote> <p>An image thusly built would refuse to run unless:</p> <ul> <li> Somewhere else on its network, there was an etcd host/port known to it, its host and port supplied via environment variables. </li> <li> Somewhere else on its network, there was a postgres host, listening on port 5432, with a name-resolution entry of “pgwritemaster.internal”. </li> <li> An environment variable for the etcd configuration was supplied </li> <li> A writable volume for /logs was supplied, owned by user-ID 4321 where it could write common log format logs. </li> </ul> </blockquote> <p <em>service</em>.</p> .</p> <p.</p> <p>Shameless plug: I also <a href="">spoke about this</a> at EuroPython.</p> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-62102315159061197262016-02-20T14:42:00.000+00:002016-02-20T14:42:02.828+00:00py.test sprint in Freiburg<p.</p> <p?</p> <p>With this objective we have now organised a week-long sprint and created a <a href="">fundraiser campaign</a> <a href="">mailing list</a> and we'll accommodate for you.</p> <code>request.addverifier()</code> method which would be allowed to fail the test, though exact details may change. Another subject I might be interested in is adding multiple-environment support to tox, so that you may be able to test packages in e.g. a <a href="">Conda</a> environment. Though this is certainly not a simple feature.</p> <p!</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-64408996031434237982014-12-04T23:19:00.000+00:002014-12-19T23:40:48.544+00:00Pylint and dynamically populated packages<p <tt>__init__.py</tt> file, optionally even setting <tt>__all__</tt>. As I said, this is mostly fine, if sometimes a bit ugly.</p> <p>However sometimes you have a library which may be loading a particular backend or platforms support at runtime. An example of this is the Python <tt><a href="">zmq</a></tt> package. The <tt><a href="">apipkg</a></tt> module is also a very nice way of controlling your toplevel namespace more flexibly. Problem is once you start using one of these things <a href="">Pylint</a> no longer knows which objects your package provides in it's namespace and will issue warnings about using non-existing things.</p> <p>Turns out it is not too hard to write a plugin for Pylint which takes care of this. One just has to build the right AST nodes in place where they would be appearing at runtime. Luckily the tools to do this easily are provided:</p> <code><pre> </pre></code> <p>As you can see the hard work of knowing what AST nodes to generate is all done in the <tt>astroid.MANAGER.ast_from_module()</tt> and <tt>astroid.MANAGER.ast_from_module_name()</tt> calls. All that is left to do is add these new AST nodes to the module's globals/locals (they are the same thing for a module).</p> <p>You may also notice the <tt>fix_linenos()</tt> call. This is a small helper needed when running on Python 3 and importing C modules (like for <tt>zmq</tt>). The reason is that Pylint tries to sort by line numbers, but for C code they are <tt>None</tt> and in Python 2 <tt>None</tt> and an integer can be happily compared but in Python 3 that is no longer the case. So this small helper simply sets all unknown line numbers to 0:</p> <code><pre> def fix_linenos(node): if node.fromlineno is None: node.fromlineno = 0 for child in node.get_children(): fix_linenos(child) </pre></code> <p>Lastly when writing this into a plugin for Pylint you'll want to register the transformation you just wrote:</p> <code><pre> def register(linter): astroid.MANAGER.register_transform(astroid.Module, transform) </pre></code> <p>And that's all that's needed to make Pylint work fine with dynamically populated package namespaces. I've tried this on <tt>zmq</tt> as well as on a package using <tt>apipkg</tt> and its seems to work fine on both Python 2 and Python 3. Writing Pylint plugins seems not too hard!</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-25776342873153301052014-08-07T00:14:00.000+01:002014-08-24T10:53:30.859+01:00New pytest-timeout release<p>At long last I have updated my <a href="">pytest-timeout</a> plugin. pytest-timeout is a plugin to <a href="">py.test</a> <em>some</em> output is more useful then getting a clean testrun.</p> <p>The main new feature of this release is that the plugin now finally works nicely with the <code>--pdb</code> option from py.test. When using this option the timeout plugin will now no longer interrupt the interactive pdb session after the given timeout.</p> <p <code>@pytest.fixture(scope='...')</code>, even though this was a long time ago.</p> <p.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-33424462073356310332014-04-27T22:16:00.000+01:002014-05-13T07:46:48.950+01:00Designing binary/text APIs in a polygot py2/py3 world<p>The general advice for handling text in an application is to use a so called <em>unicode sandwich</em>:.</p> <p <em>surrogateescape</em>. <code>os.listdir()</code> to then later pass them back to the kernel via e.g. <code>open()</code>.</p> <p>The downside of surrogate escapes is that the unicode strings now are no longer valid for many other normal string manipulations. If you try to write the result of <code>os.listdir()</code> to a file which you want to encode using <tt>UTF8</tt> the encoding step will blow up, so this kind of brings the old Python 2 situation with bytes back. So any user of the API needs to be aware that strings may contain surrogate escapes and handle them appropriately. For a detailed description of these cases refer to <a href="">Armin Ronacher's Unicode guide</a> which introduces <code>is_surrogate_escaped(s)</code> and <code>remove_surrogate_escaping(s, method='ignore')</code> functions which are pretty self-explanatory.</p> <p.</p> <p.</p> <p>Another correct, but rather unfriendly, option is to just consider the API to expose bytes and provide the encoding which <em>should</em> be used to decode it. In this case the user can choose the appropriate error handler themselves, be it =ignore=, =replace= or, on Python 3, <tt>surrogateescape</tt>..</p> <p>Yet another option I've been considering is provide both APIs: one exposing the bytes, with the attributes possibly prefixed with a <tt>b</tt>,.</p> <p>So what is the best way to design a polygot API? I would really like to hear peoples opinions on which API would be the nicest to use. Or hear if there are any other tricks to employ for polygot APIs.</p> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-2361858651871553282014-02-08T16:59:00.000+00:002014-02-14T14:34:12.807+00:00<h1>Don't be scared of copyright</h1> <p>It appears there is some arguments against putting copyright statements on the top of a file in free software or open source projects. Over at opensource.com <a href="">Rich Bowen argues</a> that it is counter productive and not in the community spirit (in this case talking about OpenStack). It seems to me the main arguments are the following:</p> <ul> <li>It is intimidating to new people</li> <li>It gets too verbose</li> <li>Encourages contribution for the wrong reasons</li> <li>It is hard to decide when to add a name</li> <li>It is even harder to decide when to remove a name</li> <li>The VCS keeps track of contributions anyway</li> </ul> <p>Lastly and perhaps most improtantly he asks:</p> <blockquote> [...] why do you care? What are you trying to protect against? If you're trying to protect against your contribution being taken by the community and used for other purposes, perhaps contributing to an Apache-licensed code base isn't the smartest thing to do. </blockquote> <p>Now I think the last question is the most important to answer: <em>you want to assert your copyright on a file to avoid your work from being re-licenced against your will.</em></p> .</p> <p.</p> <p>As to addressing the other minor points: on the social issues I can't really counter much. Yes it would be a shame if people would be scared away for no reason.</p> <p.</p> <p>So in short, the more people are listed as owning copyright on a project the healthier it is and the more I trust it. Please do not be scared away by other people or organisations being listed as copyright holders.</p> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-16188159388238647782013-12-08T14:27:00.000+00:002014-02-05T14:31:14.275+00:00Setting up a Python development environment on Solaris 11<p <a href="">Vagrant</a> and <a href="">VirtualBox</a> for virtualisation and bootstrap the development environment using the excellent <a href="">OpenCSW</a> packages.</p> <h2>Building a Solaris Vagrant box</h2> <p><a href="">Vagrant</a>.</p> <p.</p> <p>Firstly, download the install ISO from <a href="">Oracle</a>,.</p> <p>Now create a new VirtualBox VM as normal, but when walking through the installer setup screens there's a few points to observe:</p> <ul> <li>Use something like "vagrant-solaris11" as hostname. I'm not sure how important this is but I think it's a vagrant convention.</li> <li>Solaris has default password restrictions. Something like "vagrant1" worked for me but just make something up, we'll change it later.</li> <li>Use "vagrant" as the username of the primary account. Each box needs this user.</li> </ul> <p>Once installed a few things need to be setup for vagrant to fully work. This is all insecure, but this is a local box anyway so no need to worry (right?).</p> <ul> <li>Edit <tt>/etc/default/passwd</tt> to set <tt>NAMECHECK=NO</tt> and <tt>MINNONALPHA=0</tt>. This will allow us to create insecure passwords.</li> <li>Now change the root password to "vagrant" using <tt>passwd</tt>, do the same for the "vagrant" account.</li> <li>Allow passwordless use of sudo: <tt>visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/svc-system-config-user</tt> and edit this so that the entry looks like: <tt>vagrant ALL=(ALL)NOPASSWD: ALL</tt>.</li> <li>Vagrant uses a known ssh key to log into the VMs. Again, this is insecure so do not expose this box to anything but yourself. Do something like this as the vagrant user to install this key: <code><pre> $ cd ~ $ mkdir .ssh $ wget -O .ssh/authorized_keys \ $ chmod 700 .ssh $ chmod 600 .ssh/authoriszed_keys </pre></code> </li> </ul> <p>Finally you need to install the VirtualBox guest additions. After clicking the menu item to install them Solaris should auto-mount the guest additions ISO somewhere in <tt>/media/VBOXADDITIONS_...</tt>. Install the additions with</p> <code><pre> pkgadd -G -d /media/VBOXADDITIONS_.../VBoxSolarisAddtions.pkg </pre></code> <p>Time to create a vagrant box out of this virtual machine. Shut it down and find either it's name or UUID using <tt>vboxmanage list vms</tt>. Now you can use vagrant to build the box:</p> <code><pre> vagrant package --base $name_or_uuid --output solaris11.box </pre></code> <p>This was a fair amount of manual work, but the good news is that you'll never have to do this again. Save this box somewhere safe and it can be used as the base of any new boxes you want for Solaris 11.</p> <h2>Creating the Python development environment</h2> <p>Now the manual way of installing a Python environment is somehow install a compiler, hunt down all Python's dependencies, build them from source and then build Python. Followed by figuring out what is still missing and repeating the whole process.</p> <p>Fortunately the good people at <a href="">OpenCSW</a>.</p> <p>There are detailed instructions on OpenCSW's site, but I'll continue our earlier example here.</p> <ul> <li> <p>First create a new Vagrant project:</p> <code><pre> $ mkdir myproj $ cd myproj $ vagrant init solaris11 /path/to/solaris11.box </pre></code> <p>This creates a <tt>Vagrantfile</tt> in the current directory, which is the per-project Vagrant configuration. You can have a look, but mostly don't need to change anything for this simple scenario.</p> </li> <li> <p>Time to startup the box and ssh into it:</p> <code><pre> $ vagrant up ... $ vagrant ssh </pre></code> </li> <li> <p>Once the virtual machine is running and you are logged into it it's time to install some more packages. Firstly bootstrap OpenCSW:</p> <code><pre> # pkgadd -d </pre></code> <p>(Note how this is utterly insecure)</p> </li> <li> <p>This installed <tt>pkgutil</tt>.</p> <p>Before doing anything else you want to configure the mirror and release stream you want to use. Edit <tt>/etc/opt/csw/pkgutil.conf</tt> to set the mirror to <tt></tt> or any other unstable mirror. Other release streams will have a lot less recent software available and this is a development box after all</p> </li> <li> <p>Now I prefer to setup at least some form of package verification. So lets set up the key infrastucture for this:</p> <code><pre> # pkgutil -U # pkgutil -i cswpki </pre></code> <p>Once this is finished you'll want to enable this in the configuration. Edit <tt>/etc/opt/csw/pkgutil.conf</tt> again but this time set <tt>use_gpg=true</tt> and <tt>use_md5=true</tt>. Unless you like seeing warnings you may also want to configure the OpenCSW key to be ultimately trusted. It's not like you use this GPG account for anything else.</p> </li> </ul> <p>Now you just need to install the required packages using <tt>pkgutil</tt>. The following sets you up with Python 2.7:</p> <code><pre> # pkgutil -i python27 py_setuptools py_pip </pre></code> <p>If you want you can also install <tt>python33</tt> for Python 3.</p> <p>If you'd also like to play with extension modules you need a few more things. This is the package list needed for using <a href="">cffi</a>:</p> <ul> <li>gcc4core</li> <li>python27_dev</li> <li>libffi_dev</li> </ul> <p> <code><pre> pkg install [-nv] system/header </pre></code> <p>Here the <tt>-nv</tt> options are to show you a preview before actually doing things, which is a good habit to get into I guess.</p> <p>And at this point you should be able to install cffi using pip just like you're used too: <tt>pip install --user cffi</tt>.</p> <h2>Re-packaging the vagrant box</h2> Once <tt>vagrant destroy</tt> if you managed to somehow break it after which a simple <tt>vagrant up</tt> would initialise you a new VM with the python environment ready to use.</p> <p>This is very similar as creating the first box. The only difference is that you want to run vagrant in the directory of your project and not specify the base. This will make vagrant use the VM in the project as the base of the new box:</p> <code><pre> vagrant package --output /path/to/boxes/dir/solaris11-py27.box </pre></code> <p>Now the last thing you may want to do is update the <tt>Vagrantfile</tt> of you project to point to this new box.</p> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-36281058937239086322012-06-24T22:21:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:51:54.535+00:00Inspecting un-imported modules using ast<p>or</p> <h2>Skipping modules in py.test using marks but no importing</h2> <p>As I've said before, py.test is my favourite testing tool. One if it's features is that it allows you to <a href="">mark tests with arbitrary "marks"</a>, built in ones are e.g. <code>skipif</code>, <code>xfail</code> etc. But py.test's extension mechanism allows you to easily add behaviour on any other marks you might want.</p> <p>Recently I've been starting to write some testing code for a <a href="">Django</a> project (using the great-and-still-improving <a href="">pytest-django</a>.</p> <p>This is how you mark a test module as such, each test written in this module will have the "django" mark applied:</p> <code><pre class="highlight"># test_foo.py import django import pytest import foo pytestmark = pytest.mark.django # Or, using multiple marks pytestmark = [pytest.mark.django, py.test.mark.another_mark] </pre></code> <p>I've also imported django itself, usually test modules need to do this one way or another, at least indirectly via the module they are testing. Now we could easily write py.test <a href="">conftest</a> file to skip these tests:</p> <code><pre class="highlight"># conftest.py import pytest ENABLE_DJANGO = True # imagine some complicated expression/function def pytest_setup_item(item): if 'django' in item.keywords and not ENABLE_DJANGO: pytest.skip('Django tests are disabled') </pre></code> <p: <code>pytest_ignore_collect()</code>. But we still need to be able to read the marker inside this module without importing, time to enter <a href="">ast</a>.</p> <p>The <code>ast</code>:</p> <code><pre class="highlight" </pre></code> <p>That's it. Essentially we're looking for an <code>ast.Assign</code> node which has a target of <code>pytestmark</code> that is, something is being assigned to <code>pytestmark</code>. Once we find such a node we make sure to only accept a few right-hand-side expressions, namely either <code>pytest.mark.the_mark</code> or <code>[pytest.mark.mark0, pytest.mark.mark1]</code>.</p> <p>Now this is obviously not bulletproof, but it does keep it nice and straight forward. And I thought is a nice example of how to the <code>ast</code> module can be useful.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-90107954394534013892011-09-15T01:21:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:52:03.939+00:00Small Emacs tweaks impoving my Python coding<p>Today I've spent a few minutes tweaking Emacs a little. The result is very simple yet makes a decent impact on usage.</p><p>Firstly I remembered using the c-subword-mode a long time ago, I couldn't believe I never used that in Python. Turns out there is a more genericly named <a href="">subword-mode</a> by now (emacs 23 IIUC) and it's very easy to enable for Python by default:</p><code><pre>(add-hook 'python-mode-hook (lambda () (subword-mode 1)))</pre></code><br /> <p>The second simple improvement was finally figuring out how to automatically enable <a href="">flyspell-mode</a> when editing Restructured Text:</p><code><pre>(add-hook 'rst-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1)))</pre></code><br /> <p>Both where so simple I can't believe I didn't do them earlier.</p><p>And while on the subject, <a href="">develock-mode</a> is great and I've been using it a very long time. Unfortunately python isn't supported out of the box, but no worries, <a href="">someone has done the work already</a>. So all you have to do is something along the lines of:</p><code><pre>(load "~/.emacs.d/develock-py.el")</pre></code><br /> <p>I don't think I'd still want to edit a python file without it</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-24676053663961656662011-06-17T19:25:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:52:11.514+00:00Using __getattr__ and property<p>Today I wasted a lot of time trying to figure out why a class using both a __getattr__ and a property mysteriously failed. The short version is: <em>Make sure you don't raise an AttributeError in the property.fget()</em></p> <p>The start point of this horrible voyage was a class which looked roughly like this:</p> <code><pre class="hightlight">class Foo(object): def __getattr__(self, name): return self._container.get(name, 'some_default') @property def foo(self): val = self._container.get(foo) if test(val): return some_helper(val) return val </pre></code> <p>This sees fine enough. Only it turns out that <code>some_helper()</code> <code>__dict__</code>'s along the mro. Instead it seems to use <code>getattr(inst, "foo")</code> and then delegate to <code>__getattr__()</code> if it gets an AttributeError. Now suddenly finding a bug in <code>some_helper()</code> has turned into a puzzling question as to why <code>__getattr__()</code> was called.</p> <p>Personally I can't see why it doesn't use the mro to statically look up the required object instead of using the AttributeError-swallowing approach. But maybe there's a good reason.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-42861340616592798712011-03-17T19:43:00.002+00:002013-11-14T22:53:11.343+00:00Synchronising eventlets and threads<p><a href="">Eventlet</a> is an asynchronous network I/O framework which combines an event loop with <a href="">greenlet</a>. <a href="">gevent</a> which only allow one event loop per process.</p> <p>Eventlet isn't the most mature of tools however and it's <a href="">API</a> <a href=""> event</a> you're used too) and even some extra goodies like pools, WSGI servers, <a href="">DBAPI2</a> connection pools and <a href="">ZeroMQ</a>.</p> <p>So after some studying of the <a href=""> tpool</a> module I decided to build a class which could synchronise between threads and eventlets. This class, which I called a <em>Notifier</em>, can be basically thought of as a <a href="">Condition</a> without the lock, i.e. there are three methods: <code>.wait()</code>, <code>.notify()</code> and the rather similar <code>.notify_all()</code>. The idea is that any thread or eventlet which calls <code>.wait()</code> will block (cooperatively block in the case of a greenlet) until it gets woken up by a call to one of the notifying methods. That's all there is to it.</p> <h2>Building a Notifier</h2> <p>(Be prepared to look at the source code for <code>eventlet.hubs.hub</code>, <code>threading</code> and related code when reading this.)</p> <p>Firstly the class will need to be constructed. For now there's only one interesting instance attribute and that is <code>_waiters</code> which is a set which will contain all the threads and eventlets currently blocking on a call to <code>.wait()</code>. <code><pre> def __init__(self, hubcache=GLOBAL_HUBCACHE): self._waiters = set() self.hubcache = hubcache</code></pre> Don't worry yet about what goes into the set of waiters and also ignore the hubcache for now. We'll get to those later.</p> <p>Now lets build the <code>.wait()</code> <code>thread</code> module) while an eventlet essentially wants to switch to the event loop, called the <em>hub</em>, in the hope someone will eventually switch back to it when it needs to wake up. These two are so different that they easily divide in two methods: <code>.gwait()</code> for blocking eventlets and <code>.twait()</code> for blocking threads. <code><pre> def wait(self, timeout=None): hub = eventlet.hubs.get_hub() if hub.running: self.gwait(timeout) else: self.twait(timeout)</pre></code> <code>eventlet.hubs._threadlocal.hub</code> attribute, but that's even more internal then <code>.get_hub()</code>.)</p> <p>As already mentioned the basics of blocking in an eventlet is to switch to the hub and then wait until some other greenlet <em>running in the same thread</em> switches back to you. So a notifier needs to have a reference to your geenlet instance so it can call <code>.switch()</code> on it when the time comes to wake you up. But what does another thread do? Well it turns out another thread could ask your hub to schedule a function to run in your thread using the hub's <code>.schedule_call_global()</code> method since the only thread-critical operation is an append on the hubs's <code>next_timers</code> <code><a href="">os.pipe</a></code> so you have a filedescriptor which you can register with the hub and now you can just write some data into this pipe when you want the hub of the waiter to wake up. Setting up this pipe is what the mysterious call to <code>._create_pipe()</code> does, we'll see it in detail later. The rest is just simple sugar: dealing with timeouts and returning the correct values for them: <code></pre></code></p> <p>Next on lets look at how you block in a thread. This is actually surprisingly simple, just copy what <code>threading.Condition.wait()</code> does for it: it is perfectly non-blocking for a greenlet to call <code>.release()</code> on a lock which was acquired by another thread. Notice the ugly CPU-consuming spinning which happens when a timeout is in use, luckily this has been fixed in python 3.2 (<a href="">issue7316</a>). <code><pre></pre></code> The last thing of interest here is how the hub does not matter, so we just place <code>None</code> in the set of waiters.</p> <code>.wait()</code> so it will actually start to go round it's loop and execute this just scheduled call. Notifying a thread is even easier: just unlock the lock it's trying to acquire. <code><pre>)</pre></code></p> <p>Admittedly I've hidden some of the cute trickery away in those <code>._create_pipe()</code> and <code>._kick_hub()</code> calls, so lets leave the boring <code>.notify_all()</code> and skip straight to them.</p> <p>The principle for this is that each eventlet which calls <code>.gwait()</code> needs to ensure there is a pipe available to which a thread can write something. If the hub of the eventlet was waiting for the reading end of this pipe to become readable it will wake up and notice it has to run the <code>notif()</code> function which was scheduled by our call to <code>.notify()</code>. But creating a pipe for each call to <code>.gwait()</code> does seem rather wasteful and this is where the mysterious hubcache comes into play: it is a dictionary keeping track of the pipe associated with each hub. <code><pre> def _create_pipe(self, hub): if hub in self.hubcache: return def read_callback(fd): os.read(fd, 512) rfd, wfd = os.pipe() listener = hub.add(eventlet.hubs.hub.READ, rfd, read_callback) self.hubcache[hub] = (rfd, wfd, listener)</pre></code> You can see this asks the hub to wake up when the reading end of the created pipe becomes readable and when this happens <code>read_callback()</code> will be called. The only purpose of <code>read_callback()</code> is to read all the data written to the pipe so that the OS buffers are emptied and the pipe can be re-used to wake the hub up the next time.</p> <p>Now there is just <code>._kick_hub()</code>). <code>')</pre></code>!</p> <h2>That's cute, but what now?</h2> <p.</p> <p>But look how easy it is to build a lock now: we just need a real lock and one of these strange notifiers: <code><pre>))</code></pre> Most of this code is to deal with the timeout of the lock. If you would only implement a lock as how it was before Python 3.2 this would have been even simpler. (Oh, also notice the <code>owner</code> attribute, that will come in handy for the next tool.)</p> <p>Of course now we have a lock we can easily build the next tool: a proper <code>Condition</code>. It's almost like I planned this! <code><pre>()</pre></code> No surprises here. This is truly getting trivial to implement thanks to our previous two primitives.</p> <p>Now once we have a condition we can finally get to the real prise: a queue to move data freely between threads and eventlets. <code></pre></code> Great, only had to provide a new <code>.__init__()</code> which uses our own locking primitives, everything else of the stdlib <code>Queue</code> class can be re-used.</p> <p>But why the strange diversion to create a separate <code>BaseQueue</code> class? Well, it makes making the priority and lifo queues very easy: <code><pre> class PriorityQueue(BaseQueue, queue.PriorityQueue): pass class LifoQueue(BaseQueue, queue.LifoQueue): pass</pre></code> That's right, <a href="">mro</a> FTW!</p> <h2>Caveats when mixing threads and eventlets</h2> <p>There is one issue to watch out for: imagine a thread which consumes items from a queue, spawning eventlets to do the work. <code><pre> class Worker(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, inputq): self.inputq = inputq def run(self): eventlet.sleep(0) # start the hub while True: item = self.inputq.get() if item is PoisonPill: break eventlet.spawn(self.do_stuff, item)</code></pre> Notice that <code>eventlet.sleep(0)</code> line? It basically switches to the hub, thereby implicitly starting it, which then switches back immediately. But why?</p> <p>Remember the code for <code>Notifier.wait()</code>,.</p> <h2>All the code</h2> <p.</p> <code>)))</code></pre> <h2>That's all folks</h2> <p!</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-87232815901360230762011-02-09T00:30:00.001+00:002013-11-14T22:53:18.666+00:00Creating subprocesses in new contracts on Solaris 10<p>Solaris 10 introduced "contracts" for processes. You can read all about it in the <code>contract(4)</code> manpage but simply put it's a grouping of processes under another ID, and you can "monitor" these groups, e.g. be notified when a process in a group coredumps etc. This is actually one of the tools of Solaris' init replacement <code>smf(5)</code>, which is probably the main reason people care about contracts.</p> <p>Suppose you have a daemon managed by SMF which executes subprocesses as part of it's life (e.g. because of <a href="">multiprocessing<.</p> <p>Anyway, whatever your motivation, starting the subprocesses in new contracts is normally done by activating the process contract template, i.e. opening <code>/system/contract/process/template</code> and then calling <code>ct_tmpl_activate(3)</code> on the filedescriptor. Only problem is that this isn't exposed to python.</p> <p>Fortunately the <code>libcontract(3)</code> functions we need for this are very simple, so <a href="">ctypes</a> can handle this very nicely. The code is pretty simple:</p> <code><pre') </pre></code> <p>That's all there is to it. Each <code>fork(2)</code> call will now result in a process running in it's own contract.</p> <p>It's nice when C-APIs are simple enough to be used from inside python instead of having to write wrappers.</p> <p>PS: Needless to say you can do a whole lot more with contracts, just read up on the libcontract API docs.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-61864779645127420692010-12-19T22:13:00.000+00:002013-11-14T22:53:31.672+00:00re.search() faster then re.match()<p>This is a counter-intuitive discovery, in <a href="">IPython</a>: <pre class="prettyprint"><code> In [18]: expr = re.compile('foo') In [19]: %timeit expr.search('foobar') 1000000 loops, best of 3: 453 ns per loop In [20]: %timeit expr.match('foobar') 1000000 loops, best of 3: 638 ns per loop </code></pre> <p>So now I'm left wondering why <code>.match()</code> exists at all. Is it really such a common occurrence that it's worth an extra function/method?</p> <p>Just to be complete, if this is actually what you want there is no performance gap:</p> <pre class="prettyprint"><code> In [25]: expr = re.compile('^foo') In [26]: %timeit expr.search('foobar') 1000000 loops, best of 3: 617 ns per loop In [27]: %timeit expr.match('foobar') 1000000 loops, best of 3: 612 ns per loop </code></pre>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-53876533563140199832010-11-02T00:10:00.000+00:002013-11-14T22:53:38.736+00:00Storm and SQLite in-memory databases<p>When using an SQLite in-memory databases in <a href="">storm</a> the different stores created from the same database are not modifying the same SQLite database. E.g.</p> <code><pre calss="prettyprint"> db = storm.locals.create_database('sqlite:') store1 = storm.locals.Store(db) store2 = storm.locals.Store(db) </pre></code> <p>Here <code>store1</code> and <code>store2</code> will not refer to the same database, despite the fact that this is what would be natural. The reason is that SQLite in-memory databases are specific to their connection object. And the connection object is part of the store object, not the database object.</p> <p>The upshot is that I can't use in-memory databases inside my unittests that easily because the code under tests assumes creating stores is cheap (not caring too much about the caching). Which all kind of sucks.</p> <p>PS: A whole different rant is about libraries designed for "from foo import *", e.g. storm.locals.*, fabric.api.*. At least for the later you can do "import fabric.api as fab", "import storm.locals as storm" has it's limitations...</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-80532427772035210422010-09-02T13:10:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:53:44.807+00:00Finding the linux thread ID from within python using ctypes<p!</p> <p>Using <code>ps -p PID -f -L</code> you'll see the thread ID which is causing the problems. To relate this to a Python thread I subclass <code>threading.Thread</code>, override it's <code>.start()</code> method to first wrap the <code>.run()</code> method so that you can log the thread ID before calling the original <code>.run()</code>. Since I was already doing all of this apart from the logging of the thread ID this was less work then it sounds. But the hard part is finding the thread ID.</p> <p>Python knows of a <code><a href="">threading.get_ident()</a></code> method but this is merely a long unique integer and does not correspond to the actual thread ID of the OS. The kernel allows you to get the thread ID: <tt>getid(2)</tt>. But this must be called using a system call with the constant name <tt>SYS_gettid</tt>. Because it's hard to use constants in ctypes (at least I don't know how to do this), and this is not portable anyway, I used this trivial C program to find out the constant value:</p> <code><pre> #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/syscall.h> int main(void) { printf("%d\n", SYS_gettid); return 0; } </pre></code> <p>In my case the constant to use is 186. Now all that is left is using <a href="">ctypes</a> to do the system call:</p> <code><pre> import ctypes SYS_gettid = 186 libc = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary('libc.so.6') tid = libc.syscall(SYS_gettid) </pre></code> <p>That's it! Now you have the matching thread ID!</p> <p>Going back to the original problem you can now associate this thread ID with the thread name and you should be able to find the problematic thread.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-86671749828099113312010-08-14T19:35:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:54:10.875+00:00Return inside with statement (updated)<p>Somehow my brain seems to think there's a reason not to return inside a with statement, so rather then doing this:</p> <code><pre class="prettyprint"> def foo(): with ctx_manager: return bar() </pre></code> <p>I always do:</p> <code><pre class="prettyprint"> def foo(): with ctx_manager: result = bar() return result </pre></code> <p>No idea why nor where I think to have heard/read this. Searching for this brings up absolutely no rationale. So if you know why this is so, or know that the first version is perfectly fine, please enlighten me!</p> <p><b>Update:</b></p> <p>Seems it's only relevant if you're reading a file using the with statement. This seems to have come from the <a href="">python documentation itself</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p>The last version is not very good either — due to implementation details, the file would not be closed when an exception is raised until the handler finishes, and perhaps not at all in non-C implementations (e.g., Jython).</p> <code><pre class="prettyprint"> def get_status(file): with open(file) as fp: return fp.readline() </pre></code> </blockquote> <p <code>open()</code> or <code>file()</code> as a context manager is completely useless. Which I would hate.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com16tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-17041767001329652242010-08-09T15:03:00.001+01:002013-11-14T22:54:33.103+00:00Templating engine in python stdlib?<p>I am a great proponent of the <a href="">python standard library</a>, <code><a href="">string.Template</a></code> is just not good enough and real templating would make things a lot more readable.</p> <p?</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-12123990351082988262010-07-26T22:02:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:54:47.893+00:00Using Debian source format 3.0 (quilt) and svn-buildpackage<p>Searching the svn-buildpackage manpage for the 3.0 (quilt) format I thought that it wasn't able to apply the patches in debian/patches during build time. Instead I was doing a horrible dance which looked something like "<code>svn-buildpackage --svn-export; cd ../build-area/...; debuild</code>". Turns out I was completely wrong.</p> <p>svn-buildpackage <em>doesn't need to know</em> about the source format. Instead it simply invokes dpkg-buildpackage which will automatically notice that the patches are not applied and apply them before building. That simple!</p> <p>Thanks to Niels Thykier to point this out to me on IRC.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-67491310345504474402010-07-23T14:32:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:54:55.781+00:00Europython, threading and virtualenv<center> <p>I use threads<br/><small>correctly</small></p> <p>I do <strong>not</strong> use virtualenv<br/><small>and dont't want to</small></p> </center> <p>Just needed to get that out of my system after europython, now mock me.</p> <p><small>PS: I should probably have done this as a lightening talk but that occurred to me too late.</small></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-15818276709819535662010-06-13T16:44:00.005+01:002013-11-14T22:55:04.695+00:00py.test test generators and cached setup<p>Recently I've been enjoying <a href="">py.test</a>'s <a href="">test function arguments</a>, it takes a little getting used too but soon you find that it's quite likely a better way then the <a href="">xUnit-style</a> of setup/teardown. One slightly more advanced usage was using cached setup together with test generators however. While not difficult that took me some figuring out, so let me document it here.</p> <p>Since <a href="">I haven't been a fan of generative tests before</a> I'll explain why I think I can make use of them now. I was writing a wrapper around <a href="">pysnmp</a> to handle SNMP-GET requests transparently between the different versions. For this I wrote a number of test functions which do some GET requests and check the results, the basic outline of such a test is:</p> <code><pre class="prettyprint"> def test_some_get(wrapper_v1): oids = ... result = wrapper_v1.get(oids) assert ... </pre></code> <p>Here <code>wrapper_v1</code> is a <a href="">funcarg</a>:</p> <code><pre class="prettyprint"> def pytest_funcarg__wrapper_v1(request): cfg = request.cached_setup(setup=check_snmp_v1_avail, scope='session') if not cfg: py.test.skip('No SNMPv1 agent available') return SnmpWrapper(cfg) </pre></code> <p>Once having all the tests using this <code>wrapper_v1</code> funcarg I obviously want exactly the same tests for SNMPv2 since that's the whole point of the wrapper. For this I'd need a <code>wrapper_v2</code> funcarg which is configured for SNMPv2, but that would mean duplicating all the tests! Enter test generators.</p> <p>The trick to combine test generators with cached setup is not to use the <code>funcargs</code> argument to <code><a href="">metafunc.addcall()</a></code> but rather use the <code>param</code> argument in combination with a normal funcarg. The normal funcarg can then use <code><a href="">request.cached_setup()</a></code> and use the <code><a href="">request.param</a></code> to decide how to configure the wrapper object returned. This is what that looks like:<p> <code><pre class="prettyprint">) </pre></code> <p><em>Don't forget the <code>extrakey</code> argument to <code>cached_setup</code>.</em> The caching uses the name of the requested object, "snmpwrapper" in this case, and the extrakey value to decide when to re-use the caching. If you forget <code>extrakey</code> both calls will return the same <code>cfg</code>.</p> <p>And that's all that's needed! Test now simply ask for the <code>snmpwrapper</code> funcarg and will get run twice, once configured for SNMPv1 and once for SNMPv2. Running the tests will now look like this:</p> <pre> =========================== </pre> <p>This wasn't very complicated, but having an example of using the <code>param</code> argument to <code>metafunc.addcall()</code> would have made figuring this out a little easier. So I hope this helps someone else, or at least me at some time in the future.</p> <p><b>Update:</b> Originally I forgot the <code>extrakey</code> argument to <code>cached_setup()</code> and thus the funcarg was returning the same in both cases. Somehow I assumed the caching was done on function identity of the setup function. Oops.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-44005325778683117142010-05-29T14:34:00.001+01:002013-11-14T22:55:09.773+00:00Selectable queue<p>Sometimes you'd want to use something like <a href=""><code>select.select()</code></a> on <a href="">Queues</a>. If you do some searching for this <a href="">it turns out</a> that this question has been answered for <a href="">multiprocessing Queues</a> where you can simply use the real select on the underlying socket (IIRC), but for a good old fashioned <code>Queue</code> you're stuck.</p> <p <code>not_empty</code> and <code>not_full</code> <code>not_full</code> event between two queues you can simply wait on this event and you have your select.</p> <p>Next time I want this I might actually implement this idea rather then re-design so that I don't want selectable queues anymore.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-76539063758600563822010-05-12T19:09:00.001+01:002013-11-14T22:55:17.293+00:00weakref and circular references: should I really care?<p>While Python has a <a href="">garbage collector</a>?</p> <p><b>Update:</b> By some strange brain failure I seemed to have written "imports" rather then "references" in the title originally. They are obviously a bad thing.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-34524504763294512192010-05-08T14:19:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:55:24.269+00:00python-prctl<p>There is sometimes a need to set the process name from within python, this would allow you to use something like "<code>pkill myapp</code>"</p> <p>But I've just discovered the <a href="">python-prctl</a> module by Dennis Kaarsemaker which does something far more sensible: rather then trying to be cross-platform it just wraps the Linux <code>prctl</code> system call (as well as libcap). The code looks well written and the API, while a little bit overloaded on the get-set names, seems nice. It even includes what is probably the most sensible implementation of clobbering <code>argv</code> that I've ever seen (but don't use that, no normal person should ever clobber argv!).</p> <p>If someone writes a nice module like this to cater for the MacOSX guys, the only other system I know of has a system call to set the process name, then I may never have to worry about getting someting like this into <a href="">PSI</a> at some distant point in the future. (And speaking about PSI, yes the windows port is still slowly under way. I"m just busy with lots of other things at the same time.)</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14094861.post-44621117387168225162010-05-08T02:44:00.000+01:002013-11-14T22:55:29.250+00:00Storm and sqlite locking<p>The <a href="">Storm ORM</a> struggles with <a href="">sqlite3's</a> transaction behaviour as they <a href="">explain</a> in their source code. Looking at the implementation of <a href=""><code>.raw_execute()</code></a> the side effect of their solution to this is that they start an explicit transaction on every statement that gets executed. <em>Including <code>SELECT</code>.</em></p> <p>This, in turn, sucks big time. If you look at <a href="">sqlite's locking behviour</a> you will find that it should be possible to read from the database using concurrent connections (i.e. from multiple processes and/or threads at the same time). However since storm explicitly starts that transaction for a select it means the connection doing the read now holds a <code>SHARED</code> lock until you end the transaction (by doing a commit or rollback). But since it's holding this shared lock, for no good reason, it means no other connection can acquire the <code>EXCLUSIVE</code> lock at the same time.</p> <p>The upshot of this seems to be that you need to call <code>.commit()</code> even after just reading the database, thus ensuring you let go of the shared lock. Can't say I like that.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2 | http://blog.devork.be/feeds/posts/default | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | refinedweb | 8,406 | 55.74 |
Welcome to JAXB Example Tutorial. Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) provides API for converting Object to XML and XML to Object easily. JAXB was developed as a separate project but it was used widely and finally became part of JDK in Java 6.
JAXB Tutorial
This tutorial is based on Java 7 and current JAXB version 2.0.
JAXB Marshalling: Converting a Java Object to XML.
JAXB Unmarhsalling: Converting XML to Java Object.
Using JAXB is very easy and it uses java annotations. We need to annotate Java Object to provide instructions for XML creation and then we have to create
Marshaller to convert Object to XML.
Unmarshaller is used to convert XML to java Object.
JAXBContext is the entry point for JAXB and provides methods to get marshaller and unmarshaller object.
Some basic and useful JAXB annotations are:
- @XmlRootElement: This is a must have annotation for the Object to be used in JAXB. It defines the root element for the XML content.
- @XmlType: It maps the class to the XML schema type. We can use it for ordering the elements in the XML.
- @XmlTransient: This will make sure that the Object property is not written to the XML.
- @XmlAttribute: This will create the Object property as attribute.
- @XmlElement(name = “abc”): This will create the element with name “abc”
There are some other JAXB annotation that you can learn from JAXB Official Site.
JAXB Example
Let’s run a simple JAXB example program to demonstrate the use of JAXB marshalling and unmarshalling.
Copypackage com.journaldev.xml.jaxb; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlTransient; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType; @XmlRootElement(name = "Emp") @XmlType(propOrder = {"name", "age", "role", "gender"}) public class Employee { private int id; private String gender; private int age; private String name; private String role; private String password; @XmlTransient public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } @XmlAttribute public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @XmlElement(name = "gen") public String getGender() { return gender; } public void setGender(String gender) { this.gender = gender; } public String getRole() { return role; } public void setRole(String role) { this.role = role; } @Override public String toString() { return "ID = " + id + " NAME=" + name + " AGE=" + age + " GENDER=" + gender + " ROLE=" + role + " PASSWORD=" + password; } }
Employee is a normal java bean with private fields and their getters and setters. Notice the use of JAXB annotations to define root element, element name, elements order and transient property.
Here is a test JAXB example program showing JAXB Marshalling and JAXB Unmarshalling.
Copypackage com.journaldev.xml.jaxb; import java.io.File; import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext; import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException; import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller; import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller; public class JAXBExample { private static final String FILE_NAME = "jaxb-emp.xml"; public static void main(String[] args) { Employee emp = new Employee(); emp.setId(1); emp.setAge(25); emp.setName("Pankaj"); emp.setGender("Male"); emp.setRole("Developer"); emp.setPassword("sensitive"); jaxbObjectToXML(emp); Employee empFromFile = jaxbXMLToObject(); System.out.println(empFromFile.toString()); } private static Employee jaxbXMLToObject() { try { JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Employee.class); Unmarshaller un = context.createUnmarshaller(); Employee emp = (Employee) un.unmarshal(new File(FILE_NAME)); return emp; } catch (JAXBException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } private static void jaxbObjectToXML(Employee emp) { try { JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Employee.class); Marshaller m = context.createMarshaller(); //for pretty-print XML in JAXB m.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, Boolean.TRUE); // Write to System.out for debugging // m.marshal(emp, System.out); // Write to File m.marshal(emp, new File(FILE_NAME)); } catch (JAXBException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
Above program creates following jaxb-emp.xml file.
Copy<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <Emp id="1"> <name>Pankaj</name> <age>25</age> <role>Developer</role> <gen>Male</gen> </Emp>
Check that XML file don’t have password field and we get following output when same XML file is unmarshalled to Object.
CopyID = 1 NAME=Pankaj AGE=25 GENDER=Male ROLE=Developer PASSWORD=null
That’s all for JAXB example tutorial, as you can see that it’s very easy to use.
XmlTransientQuest says
We are using XJC to convert XML to POJO Classes. We are looking into options where some Objects can be made Transient. Is there a way in XJC where we can automatically make some ObjectProperty Transient ?
For Example want to make the field Password Transient when using XJC to convert XSD to Java Object is there any annotations we can use in the bindings to xml that will help with this,
@XMLTransient
private String password;
nicoyao says
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
How to distinguish the value by different variable type？
Using your example:
<name>”Pankaj”</name>
<age>25</age>
<role>”Developer”</role>
<gen>”1″</gen>
saj says
How to generate soap request by using webservices pls give me a simple example.
Pankaj says
use SoapUI
Pj says
How to generate orm file using jaxb . THe orm file must be of this format
manish says
how to use java object in javascript?
Pankaj says
You can’t use java object in Javascript. You will have to convert it to XML or JSON and then send it to browser response. Then JS code can work on it.
qwertz says
Nice explanation.
Maybe you can help with that problem…
What do I need to do if I don’t want JAXB to generate empty tags if the Java Object contains an Empty String?
Example: String name = “”;
don’t generate , just generate nothing.
Thanks!!
Pankaj says
See if marshal event callback works? Try with below method in your root object (@XmlRootElement annotated) and see how it goes.
Hemanth Kumar A says
Hi Pankaj,
I have a requirement like I want to read the parent and child from the xml file like for ex:
aaa
30
ishan bakshi says
what if the xml I am getting is in a nested format like this :
Pankaj
25
Developer
Male
king street
SF
USA
How will i use the @XmlElement(name = “city”) over getCity() in the java object?
Harish Kumar Garg says
I want to ask, can we convert XML into JAVA object dynamically. I don’t have XSD of that XML. POJO class should auto generate and XML data should accessible by JAVA object.
Is it possible?
Pankaj says
If you have XSD, you can use XJC to generate POJO classes. With only XML, it’s not possible because there is no contract that can be established. So you will have to write POJO classes manually in this case.
Tayab Hussain says
excellent tutorial. great work by Pankaj as usual.
Pankaj says
Thanks Tayab.
shardul vaidya says
Excellent one ….
sree says
Good Explanation.
JerryC says
Very nice, and helpful. Thanks.
Sagar Misal says
I am using Soap web service with log4j integrated with spring
my problem is i want to skip password field to print in log file when its print all soap respose request xml in log file
Manoj says
In some cases you have to deal with Java class which is not owned by you, and you can’t put jaxb annotations on the property, in that case Xstream api could be helpful. you can refer Xstream home page for more detail. There is a basic tutorial on Xstream at converting java object to xml you can refer that too.
aditya says
how to convert bpel file into java
Akshay Lokur says
Pankaj,
How to convert Java Object inside of an object to XML?
I mean instead of having “primitives” in an object , how object in an object gets marshalled to XML?
Many thanks!
Pankaj says
JAXB takes care of that automatically.
Liams says
Could you help me i wanna transform XML to HTML and i am lose i don’t know how i began
Devendra Varampati says
Please provide the xml to convert to java object complete code as early as possible
lohith says
sir can you help me for this kind of xml to convert to java object complete code as early as possible
lohith
raj
25
Developer
Male | https://www.journaldev.com/1234/jaxb-example-tutorial | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | refinedweb | 1,371 | 57.77 |
Help with objectifying code (constructor method) for simple compound interest quesion
java nubee
Greenhorn
Joined: Mar 09, 2006
Posts: 4
posted
Mar 09, 2006 14:30:00
0
Howdy Partners.
First time here (so be gentle).
Newbee to Java (but getting there).
Have class assign to calculate compound interest.
1st bit of assign ok with so far. i.e. 3 command line args (amount,rate,time) are used to output a total (integer).
2nd bit of assign i'm stuck:
". . .rewrite the class as account..
using a constructor of the form:
public Account(int a, float r) { ... }
and a method of the form
public double getBalance(int time) { ... }
that returns the balance the queried Account object would have after the elapsed time/years. This returns a double and is supposed to leave the balance in the queried Account object unchanged.
I have started with this
public class Account { int amount; float rate; public Account(int a, float r){ amount = a; float = r; } } public double getBalance(int time) { // do the compound interest formula return theResult }
Thats as far as i can get with my little brain.
I dont know where i sould put public void main(
String
.....
(or even if it needs one).
Any help is much appreciated.
:-)
Tom Sullivan
Ranch Hand
Joined: Dec 20, 2005
Posts: 72
posted
Mar 09, 2006 14:50:00
0
In your constructor, change it to be:
this.amount = a;
Do the same for all values you pass in where you have declared the local vars.
You don't have to have a main in this class. You could do:
public class InterestCalc { private int var1; private int var2; private int var3; public InterestCalc(int var1, int var2, int var3) { this.var1 = var1; this.var2 = var2; this.var3 = var3; } public int doCalc() { int result; //obviously, you want to change the calc to your needs... return result = (var1 + var2)/var3 } }
Now you can use another class to instantiate this one for
testing
.
public class TestInterestCalc { public static void main (String [] agrs) { InterestCalc ic = new InterestCalc(1, 1, 1); int result = ic.doCalc(); System.out.println(result); } }
Good luck.
Layne Lund
Ranch Hand
Joined: Dec 06, 2001
Posts: 3061
posted
Mar 09, 2006 14:55:00
0
I would start by seeing if the code you gave compiles. If not, where are the errors? Can you see how to fix them? Once you get that much to compile, then figure out where main() should go. You could put it in the Account class, if you wish. However, it is very common to have a separate class just with the main() method.
The final thing you need to figure out is what to do in the getBalance() method. Do you know how to calculate compound interested by hand? What is the formula for this? How do you translate that formula into Java? Also, computing some examples by hand will help you verify that your program is correct. I suggest you do these examples before you even write any more code.
Let me know what you figure out from here. And feel free to come back with more questions.
Layne
Java API Documentation
The Java Tutorial
Tom Sullivan
Ranch Hand
Joined: Dec 20, 2005
Posts: 72
posted
Mar 09, 2006 14:59:00
0
One more thing. If you have to use a command line arg, you won't be able to use the example I gave as it sits. But, you can configure the system to take the command line args in either class by incorporating the main thread, taking in the args and then saying new InterestCalc(args[0], args[1], args[2]); in main. Of course this is after you parse the string to the type you want as you would already be doing if your first version works as you expect with a main.
[ March 09, 2006: Message edited by: Tom Sullivan ]
java nubee
Greenhorn
Joined: Mar 09, 2006
Posts: 4
posted
Mar 09, 2006 17:38:00
0
Tom,
From the assignment, i get the impression that its only wanting 1 class and not 2 :-( . The teacher is going to
test
by doing '
java
Account 100 100 1'
Also, he has given us a list of deliverables (ref below).
AccountApplication and AccountApplet form part of the 'teachers' code which shows up in a html/gui face, the 3 input variables and output.
So, i'm still stuck on how to go to the next bit of code.
Arggg ..... help
-C
-------------------------------------------------------------------
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 474 Mar 3 16:37 AccountApplet.class
-rw------- 1 comp285 comp285 192 Jan 10 10:45 AccountApplet.html
-rw------- 1 comp285 comp285 399 Mar 3 16:39 AccountApplet.java
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 521 Mar 3 16:37 AccountApplication.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 372 Mar 3 15:54 AccountApplication.java
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 1272 Mar 3 16:37 Account.class
-rw------- 1 comp285 comp285 2363 Jan 10 10:45 Account.java
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 1679 Mar 3 16:37 AccountWidget$1.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 1765 Mar 3 16:37 AccountWidget.class
-rw------- 1 comp285 comp285 2602 Mar 3 15:26 AccountWidget.java
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 1493 Mar 3 16:37 AdvancedAccount.class
-rw------- 1 comp285 comp285 2793 Jan 10 10:45 AdvancedAccount.java
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 515 Mar 3 16:37 CenteredFrame$1.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 842 Mar 3 16:37 CenteredFrame.class
-rwxrwxrwx 1 comp285 comp285 38 Mar 3 14:29 CenteredFrame.java
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 1115 Mar 3 16:37 Compound.class
-rw------- 1 comp285 comp285 1479 Mar 3 14:38 Compound.java
drwxrwxr-x 5 comp285 comp285 4096 Mar 3 16:37 doc
-rw-rw-r-- 1 comp285 comp285 378 Mar 3 16:37 Makefile
I agree. Here's the link:
subject: Help with objectifying code (constructor method) for simple compound interest quesion
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Paul Wheaton | http://www.coderanch.com/t/402701/java/java/objectifying-code-constructor-method-simple | CC-MAIN-2014-15 | refinedweb | 1,053 | 74.39 |
Many developers use Python as a platform independent scripting language to perform file system operations. Sometimes it’s necessary to walk through a file system. Here is one way to navigate a file system recusively. (Of course, Python has libaries that do this!)
import os def walk_fs(start_dir): # Get a list of everything in start_dir contents = os.listdir(start_dir) # This stores the output output = [] # Loop through every item in contents for f in contents: # Use os.path.join to reassmble the path f_path = os.path.join(start_dir, f) # check if f_path is directory (or folder) if os.path.isdir(f_path): # Make recusive call to walk_fs output = output + walk_fs(f_path) else: # Add the file to output output.append(f_path) # Return a list of files in the directory return output if __name__ == '__main__': try: result = walk_fs(input('Enter starting folder => ')) for r in result: print(r) except FileNotFoundError: print('Not a valid folder! Try again!')
The key to this is to begin by using os.listdir, which returns a list of every item in a directory. Then we can loop through each item in contents. As we loop through contents, we need to reassemble the full path because f is only the name of the file or directory. We use os.path.join because it will insert either / (unix-like systems) or \ (windows) between each part of the path.
The next statement checks if f_path is a file or directory. The os.path.isdir function is True if the item is a directory, false otherwise. If f_path is a folder, we can make a recursive call to walk_fs starting with f_path. It will return a list of files that we can concat to output.
If f_path is a file, we just add it to output. When we have finished iterating through contents, we can return output. The output file will hold all of the files in start_dir and it’s subdirectorys.
3 thoughts on “Recursion Example — Walking a file tree”
It’s a pity about the screwed up indentation.
I see that… I take a look at it and try to get it to render correctly. Thank you | https://stonesoupprogramming.com/2017/05/22/walk-file-system-python/ | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | refinedweb | 356 | 75 |
Problem with cordova plugin TTS
I’m tried to make an application with quasar, when i compile it for web it works like a piece of cake. But when i compiled it on cordova i it looks like i don’t have it installed on my plugins …
I’d installed the cordova plugin tts running cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-tts on terminal like the documentation:
but when i tried to use the variables it keep showing me TTS is undefined or cannot use property .speak of undefined when i call window.TTS.
Here’s some code:
<script> export default { methods:{ talkTo: function(){ try{ window.plugin.TTS .speak('hello, world!').then(function () { alert('success'); }, function (reason) { alert(reason); }); }catch(e){ alert(e) } }, recording: function(){ setTimeout(function(){ let recognition = new window.webkitSpeechRecognition() recognition.lang = 'en-US' recognition.start() recognition.onresult = function(event) { if (event.results.length > 0) { let transcription = event.results[0][0].transcript; vm.audioFunctions(transcription) } } },3000) } } } </script>
There’s two functions here, function record it’s working fine (using only webkit’s on docs:), but don’t know how takTo() don’t indentifies TTS plugin. Someone can help me please, this is the last step to get my app read
Hello, I’ve worked with cordova’s TTS plugin. For used I created a boot called speech.js:
import { Loading, QSpinnerAudio, QSpinnerBars } from 'quasar' export default async ({ Vue }) => { Vue.prototype.$speechTalk = (text) => { console.log('Status mic', cordova.plugins.diagnostic.permissionStatus.GRANTED) return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { cordova.plugins.diagnostic.requestMicrophoneAuthorization(function (status) { if (status === cordova.plugins.diagnostic.permissionStatus.GRANTED) { // console.log('Microphone use is authorized') Loading.show({ delay: 0, spinner: QSpinnerAudio, // ms, backgroundColor: 'amber-8' }) window.TTS.speak({ text: text, locale: 'pt-BR', rate: 1 }, () => { Loading.hide() setTimeout(() => { resolve(true) }, 400) }, (reason) => { reject(reason) // alert(reason) }) } }, function (error) { reject(error) console.error(error) }) }) } Vue.prototype.$speechToText = () => { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { let SpeechRecognition = window.SpeechRecognition || window.webkitSpeechRecognition let recognition = SpeechRecognition ? new SpeechRecognition() : false let text = '' setTimeout(() => { Loading.show({ // delay: 400, spinner: QSpinnerBars, // ms, backgroundColor: 'amber-9', message: 'Aguardando áudio', messageColor: 'white' }) recognition.lang = 'pt-BR' // this.voiceSelect recognition.start() }, 400) recognition.onresult = (event) => { let current = event.resultIndex // Get a transcript of what was said. let transcript = event.results[current][0].transcript // Add the current transcript to the contents of our Note. // var noteContent += transcript text += transcript resolve(text) } recognition.onend = () => { text = '' Loading.hide() } }) } }
In this boot I combine the cord TTS and cordova diagnostic (for permissions).
In the Vue component I call it this way:
this.$speechTalk('Hello, Im talking to you!') .then(() => { console.log('finished') })
Don’t forget to declare speech.js in quasar.conf.
The above form is more optimized and reusable. But basically you can access window.TTS.speak({})
@patryckx Incredible! Awesome app dude!
Perhaps i don’t make it run on my context. Now he shows me “ReferenceError: cordova is not defined”.Of course i have cordova on my project, so you know why this error happens?
@luckmenez Are you trying to create your browser (SPA) or cordova (Android and iOS) application?
@luckmenez if you are using my boot file to make a cordova application, you need to install cordova diagnostic:
@patryckx i’m compilind it from cordova application. This function recording is working in both in SPA and cordova application using the webkit. But i didn’t make it on “text-to-speech”.
I’ll tried as you said. But i’m still find the same problem …
It looks like they haven’t been imported on the application (keep showing me TTS is not defined). I followed the docs: and also referenced it on config.xml, am i mistaken to make these imports?
OBS: found you on youtube, nice work dude
@luckmenez Ok, understand that the text to speech you will have to toggle. because in the spa you will use the web api and in the cordova app you will have to use the cordova plugin as it will only work on android. Can you understand?
@patryckx Understand it. I’m often used the plugins as the docummentations explanations and it works fine, but when import and call TTS it keep showing me “TTS is not defined”. Am i missing somenthing else?
@luckmenez To help you, I will make a change to a repository I have in github. as soon as it is available I will send you msg here.
@patryckx Nice dude, ansious for that! It’s really the last thing i need to finish my workboard! Thanks so much for the attention!
@luckmenez sorry for the delay, I’m moving to another city.
So as I mentioned above, I made an example that works in both SPA mode and Cordova mode..
To replicate in your project pay attention to the boot file I created called speechCordova.
Also, in the cordova plugins installed.
I changed some permissions also in config.xml inside the src-cordova directory.
I am using quasar version 1.0, so if you use version 0.17, what I call boot there is a plugin.
youtube demo:
I’m making these changes dude, i’m give you the feedback!
Perhaps i’m appreciate so much your help Dude
PS: noticed you have a plugin (i18n) can’t find much about this plugin. Is it important?
@luckmenez “Internationalization is a design process that ensures a product (a website or application) can be adapted to various languages and regions without requiring engineering changes to the source code. Think of internationalization as readiness for localization.”
Docs:
Same problem here. i’ve looked the repository above. It helped me a lot and the recognition have worked fine. But somehow when i ran “quasar build” and then “cordova build” for the apk and install it on my phone, the phone voice ins’t working (only the recognition is working like it have to be).
This is my first quasar project, i’m i missing somenthing?
@luckmenez have it worked in your project?
Still not find the answer, i make a repo on github (a brand new one to verify where i mistaken in a clean project).
Link:
@patryckx could you give it a check please? | https://forum.quasar-framework.org/topic/5049/problem-with-cordova-plugin-tts | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | refinedweb | 1,021 | 60.72 |
I just started getting this error on Arch Linux. hp-setup has been working well until now. I don't understand the error message.
hp-setup
HP Linux Imaging and Printing System (ver. 3.17.11)
Printer/Fax Setup Utility ver. 9.0
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
This is free software, and you are welcome to distribute it
under certain conditions. See COPYING file for more details.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/
ui = import_
File "/usr/lib/
return _bootstrap.
File "<frozen importlib.
File "<frozen importlib.
File "<frozen importlib.
File "<frozen importlib.
File "<frozen importlib.
File "<frozen importlib.
File "/usr/share/
from base import device, utils, models, pkit
File "/usr/share/
from gi import _gobject as gobject
ImportError: cannot import name '_gobject'
After seeing this error, I have reinstalled hplip (which is the package that owns the hp-setup file).
pacman -Qo /usr/share/
/usr/
That did not resolve the issue. I appreciate any suggestions. Thanks
Question information
- Language:
- English Edit question
- Status:
- Solved
- For:
- HPLIP Edit question
- Assignee:
- No assignee Edit question
- Solved:
- 2018-02-24
- Last query:
- 2018-02-24
- Last reply:
- 2018-02-23
Hi Afshan,
Yes, hplip works fine on Arch Linux. We've been using Arch Linux and HP printers for years. We exclusively buy HP printers because the HP Linux tools / drivers work very well in our experience. We have around a dozen networked HP printers, all working well with all Arch Linux computers.
Prior to using Arch Linux we used Ubuntu for about ten years. In our experience, hplip on Arch works as well or better than it did on Ubuntu. You should consider adding Arch Linux to the list of "working" distributions.
The error described here doesn't prevent printing and it also doesn't prevent running hp-setup in interactive mode. It only affects hp-setup in GUI mode. This is only happening on one Arch Linux computer, not all.
I ran hp-check -t on a computer without the error and the one with the error. All required dependencies are installed on both of these computers. However, there is one difference. The computer with the error doesn't have xsane installed. It should be optional, but I wonder if this line gives a clue:
(xsane:4085): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:
error: xsane xsane - Graphical scanner frontend for SANE OPTIONAL 0.9 - INCOMPAT 'xsane needs to be installed'
If you look at the python error I posted in the OP, taken together with this, does it provide any clues? It seems to be a GTK issue because the problem is not seen in the interactive (text) mode of hp-setup. Thank you.
I have it resolved. The solution was simple:
pacman -S --needed python-gobject
and indeed it needed to be installed. Once installed, the issue was resolved.
Hi MountainX,
Arch-linux distro is yet to be supported by HPLIP. Were you able to install on this distro and do the printing functionalities before?
If so , can you please provide the logs by typing the following command in the terminal and post the log file here?
hp-check -t
Thanks,
Afshan | https://answers.launchpad.net/hplip/+question/664845 | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | refinedweb | 526 | 68.06 |
Getting Started with Face API in Python Tutorial
In this tutorial, you will learn to invoke the Face API via the Python SDK to detect human faces in an image.
Prerequisites
To use the tutorial, you will need to do the following:
- Install either Python 2.7+ or Python 3.5+.
- Install pip.
- Install the Python SDK for the Face API as follows:
pip install cognitive_face
- Obtain a subscription key for Microsoft Cognitive Services. You can use either your primary or your secondary key in this tutorial. (Note that to use any Face API, you must have a valid subscription key.)
Detect a Face in an Image
import cognitive_face as CF KEY = '<Subscription Key>' # Replace with a valid subscription key (keeping the quotes in place). CF.Key.set(KEY) # If you need to, you can change your base API url with: #CF.BaseUrl.set('') BASE_URL = '' # Replace with your regional Base URL CF.BaseUrl.set(BASE_URL) # You can use this example JPG or replace the URL below with your own URL to a JPEG image. img_url = '' faces = CF.face.detect(img_url) print(faces)
Below is an example result. It's a
list of detected faces. Each item in the list is a
dict instance where
faceId is a unique ID for the detected face and
faceRectangle describes the position of the detected face. A face ID expires in 24 hours.
[{u'faceId': u'68a0f8cf-9dba-4a25-afb3-f9cdf57cca51', u'faceRectangle': {u'width': 89, u'top': 66, u'height': 89, u'left': 446}}]
Draw rectangles around the faces
Using the json coordinates that you received from the previous command, you can draw rectangles on the image to visually represent each face. At the top of the file, add the following:
import requests from io import BytesIO from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
Then, after
print(faces), include the following in your script:
#Convert width height to a point in a rectangle def getRectangle(faceDictionary): rect = faceDictionary['faceRectangle'] left = rect['left'] top = rect['top'] bottom = left + rect['height'] right = top + rect['width'] return ((left, top), (bottom, right)) #Download the image from the url response = requests.get(img_url) img = Image.open(BytesIO(response.content)) #For each face returned use the face rectangle and draw a red box. draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) for face in faces: draw.rectangle(getRectangle(face), outline='red') #Display the image in the users default image browser. img.show()
Further Exploration
To help you further explore the Face API, this tutorial provides a GUI sample. To run it, first install wxPython then run the commands below.
git clone cd Cognitive-Face-Python python sample
Summary
In this tutorial, you have learned the basic process for using the Face API via invoking the Python SDK. For more information on API details, please refer to the How-To and API Reference. | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cognitive-services/Face/Tutorials/FaceAPIinPythonTutorial | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | refinedweb | 467 | 62.98 |
Hi I'm trying to install debian squeeze on one Open-RD client. After executing bootm, the installation begins loading but it hangs with a kernel panic: [ 0.997365] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 1.002166] registered taskstats version 1 [ 1.007023] rtc-mv rtc-mv: setting system clock to 2005-06-22 13:12:44 UTC (1119445964) [ 1.015083] Initalizing network drop monitor service [ 1.020201] List of all partitions: [ 1.023711] 1f00 1024 mtdblock0 (driver?) [ 1.028724] 1f01 4096 mtdblock1 (driver?) [ 1.033719] 1f02 519168 mtdblock2 (driver?) [ 1.038721] No filesystem could mount root, tried: [ 1.043634] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0) [ 1.051971] [<c002cee4>] (unwind_backtrace+0x0/0xdc) from [<c02bcf78>] (panic+0x34/0x128) [ 1.060211] [<c02bcf78>] (panic+0x34/0x128) from [<c0008fb0>] (mount_block_root+0x25c/0x2b4) [ 1.068710] [<c0008fb0>] (mount_block_root+0x25c/0x2b4) from [<c00091a0>] (prepare_namespace+0x12c/0x198) [ 1.078336] [<c00091a0>] (prepare_namespace+0x12c/0x198) from [<c00085e0>] (kernel_init+0xf0/0x12c) [ 1.087439] [<c00085e0>] (kernel_init+0xf0/0x12c) from [<c0027e7c>] (kernel_thread_exit+0x0/0x8) The full output is here: My u-boot version is: U-Boot 1.1.4 (Apr 22 2009 - 20:18:28) Marvell version: 3.4.16 The installer version, I tried from both: Should I upgrade the u-boot? Is so, which should I get? I'm a little confused on this. Thank you josh | http://lists.debian.org/debian-arm/2010/07/msg00011.html | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | refinedweb | 224 | 72.22 |
Real-World ReactJS and Redux (Part 1)
Real-World ReactJS and Redux (Part 1)
Are you using ReactJS? Read on to find out how Threat Stack used it to scale their apps up.
Join the DZone community and get the full member experience.Join For Free
This is the first in a series of blog posts about real-world ReactJS usage and what we've learned scaling our apps at Threat Stack.
Real-world means we're concerned with answering the following:
- Can you darkship a feature?
- What is the ease of development?
- How fast can new team members understand what's going on?
- How fast can you figure out where something is broken?
And yes...because this is JS-land, there is probably a library for most techniques, that abstracts it all and injects tons of awesome magic.
Magic Doesn't Scale!
Consistent patterns do.
Consistent patterns, data structures, and appropriate tools will help you build your larger system.
Boilerplate code isn't the axis of all evil, and trying to remove it all will come at a price.
Scenario:
Dev needs to add a component that loads data from the server and updates the app.
Rules:
- Don't make pointless requests to the server.
- The code should be decoupled.
- It should be visible, meaning that, if a dev asks:
"Hey, where does this thing over here take place?"
You should be able to point them at something searchable in the code.
- A dev should be able to follow a pattern for something similar being done in the app.
- And finally, it should be fully testable.
You do test all your data access points, amirite?!
ItemActions.js
import Api from '../apis/ItemsApi'; import { REQ_ITEM, REQ_ITEM_SUCCESS, REQ_ITEM_ERROR } from '../constants/ItemTypes'; /** * Returns an CallApiAction, which is an action expected to * be processed by the `CallApiMiddleware` * @param {String} id * @return {CallApiAction} */ export function loadItemById ({ id }) { // cache timeout const TTL_MS = 1000 * 60 * 5; return { /** * types for this action - "request, success, error" * @type {Array} */ types: [ REQ_ITEM, REQ_ITEM_SUCCESS, REQ_ITEM_ERROR ], /** * receives the current app state * and returns true if we should call the api * * @param {AppState} state * @return {Bool} */ shouldCallAPI: (state) => { const item = state.items[id]; const isCached = Date.now() - item.updatedAt < TTL_MS; // if we don't have the item or it's beyond the cache // timeout make the api call return !item || !isCached; }, /** * returns a function used to call the api * NOTE: we could've put the direct request call here * but that'll hurt our decoupling goals... gotta have goals * @return {Function} */ callAPI: () => Api.getItemById({ id }), /** * This is a payload object to be sent along with the * actions (request, success, error) * some possible use cases: * - need a param sent in the request that isn't in the response * - pass along a previous state item and do optimistic updates * - timing or tracking params * * @type {Object} */ payload: { requestId: id } }; }
We're using superagent.
But, the beauty in having a separate API library is that you can use whatever you want internally.
The action calls
Api.getItemById()and expects a certain type of response.
Alter the underlying code as long as you maintain the contract.
Yup!Not a mind-blowing idea, but not easily seen in the wild.
ItemApi.js
import request from 'superagent'; /** * Builds a `superagent` request object to get an item by Id * NOTE: we're only `building` and returning the object here. We're not firing * the request yet. The Middleware will handle that portion * @param {String} id * @return {SuperAgent} */ getItemById ({ id }) { return ( request .get(`/api/items/${id}`) .query({ enabled: true }) ); }
compoments/Item.react.js
// dispatch your call on mount // since we have `shouldCallAPI` in place // we don't need to worry about making pointless requests to the server // if we have more than one component on the page componentDidMount() { dispatch(loadItemById(this.props.itemId)); }
And now, the middleware to take care of this.
Super quick refresher on what middleware accomplishes:
loadItemById() -> code A -> middleware -> code C
You're intercepting a function call, doing things, and then letting it continue to the next call.
It's like checking your bags at the airport:
checkinAtAirport() -> terminalA() -> removeShampooFromBag() ->
arriveAtDestinationWithNoShampoo()
middlewares/CallApiMiddleware.js
export default function callAPIMiddleware ({ dispatch, getState }) { return next => action => { const { types, callAPI, shouldCallAPI = () => true, // used to pass remaining props from dispatch action along // `payload` in our case ...props } = action; // if we don't have the `types` prop // we're not supposed to intercept it with this middleware... move it along if (!types) { return next(action); } if (!Array.isArray(types) || types.length !== 3 || !types.every(type => typeof type === 'string')) { throw new Error('Expected an array of three string types.'); } if (typeof callAPI !== 'function') { throw new Error('Expected callAPI to be a function.'); } // If we shouldn't call the API, bail if (!shouldCallAPI(getState())) { return undefined; } // break out types in order by request, success and failure const [requestType, successType, failureType] = types; // dispatch the request action (`REQ_ITEM`) dispatch({ ...props, type: requestType }); const api = callAPI(); // this assumes we're using `superagent` or anything // with an `end` function. If you wanted to change // the lib used for ajax requests, you could use whatever you // want in `Api.js` as long as you return an `end` function // ...or use a new middleware of course // Either way, the code is decoupled and doesn't care return api.end((err, resp) => { // we check for an error response if (err || !resp.success) { // there was an error, dispatch `REQ_ITEM_ERROR` dispatch({ ...props, type: failureType, err : err }); return; } // success, dispatch `REQ_ITEM_SUCCESS` dispatch({ ...props, type: successType, data : resp.data }); }); }; }
What Can Be Tested So Far?
- Requests that should be cached don't reach the API call.
- We're using the correct action types "REQ_ITEM" vs "REQ_JERRY".
- The API call will have the correct:
- URL
- Request method
- Query params
- Post body
- Headers... all the things really
tests/ItemActions.test.js
describe('loadItemById', () => { const params = { id: 'foo-01' }; let action; beforeEach(() => { action = actions.loadItemById(params); }); it('should not callAPI if data is cached with TTL', () => { const cachedState = { items: { [params.id] : { updatedAt: Date.now() - 100 } } }; expect(action.shouldCallAPI(cachedState)).to.be.false; }); it('should callAPI if data cache TTL is invalid', () => { const past = Date.now() - (1000 * 60 * 5) - 1; let state = { items: { [params.id] : { updatedAt: past } } }; expect(action.shouldCallAPI(state)).to.be.true; state = { items: {} }; expect(action.shouldCallAPI(state)).to.be.true; }); it('should create a REQ_ITEM callAPI action', () => { expect(action.payload).to.deep.equal({ id: params.id }); expect(action.types).to.deep.equal([ types.REQ_ITEM, types.REQ_ITEM_SUCCESS, types.REQ_ITEM_ERROR ]); const callAPI = action.callAPI().end(() => {}); expect(callAPI.method).to.equal('GET'); expect(callAPI.url).to.equal(`/api/items/${params.id}`); expect(callAPI.qs).to.deep.equal({ enabled: true }); }); });
In your reducer, adjust state, and you can also make use of the extra
payload object.
itemReducer.js
export default function (state = initialState, action) { const { data, // data contains the response data from the server payload // props that we wanted injected with each call } = action; switch (action.type) { case REQ_ITEM: return { ...state, [payload.id] : { data : {}, err : null, isLoading : true } }; case REQ_ITEM_SUCCESS: return { ...state, [payload.id] : { data : data, err : null, isLoading : false } }; // because of `payload.id`, we're able to set things using the `id` in question. // e.g: there was a 500 error and all you had was // the error message from the api response // to set the error based on the id case REQ_ITEM_ERROR: return { ...state, [payload.id] : { data : {}, err : action.err, isLoading : false } }; default: return state; } } }
Where We Ended Up...
- More data structures, declarative patterns, and less magic.
- Tools to build your larger system that are easier to follow and debug.
And speaking of debugging...
Bonus Round: Debugging!
There are several redux dev tools out there. I consider Redux Logger to be a must. It allows you to see on the console every redux action and current app state. In an app where state dictates UI instead of the random
$('#foo').text('bar'), this becomes a great tool for debugging.
Use redux-logger.
Here's what it will look like:
This will show you
prev State,
action with the params, and
next State. Awwww yeah!**
Scenarios:
Bug comes in, dev opens the console and sees each action happen...
"Whoa, state didn't get updated properly when I clicked to toggle this filter."
New dev joins:
- Opens console
- Loads page and gets a rough idea of actions that are happening. For example:
- LOAD_USER_INFO
- LOAD_USER_PHOTOS
- UPDATE_FILTER
You'll want to enable this only in DEV though!
When configuring your store, you'll add the logger based on the
NODE_ENV.
configureStore.js
const middleware = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' ? [ thunk ] : [ thunk, logger() ]; let createStoreWithMiddleware = applyMiddleware(...middleware)(createStore);
To benefit from that NODE_ENV parsing, you'll have to update your webpack config or use
loose-envify in your build process.
webpack.config.js
new webpack.DefinePlugin({ 'process.env': { 'NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify(env) } })
or use
browserify index.js -t envify > bundle.js
What's Next...
Over the next couple of posts, I'll be going through patterns that have worked for us.
They're not perfect and are always evolving.
But they'll be following the rules of real-world dev.
Published at DZone with permission of Cristiano Oliveira , DZone MVB. See the original article here.
Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own.
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{{ parent.linkDescription }}{{ parent.urlSource.name }} | https://dzone.com/articles/real-world-reactjs-and-redux-part-1 | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | refinedweb | 1,539 | 59.3 |
Tunable Base Page Size
- Debra Walters
- 1 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Tunable Base Page Size Table of Contents Executive summary... 1 What is Tunable Base Page Size?... 1 How Base Page Size Affects the System... 1 Integrity Virtual Machines Platform Manager... 2 Working with Tunable Base Page Size... 2 Tuning the base page size... 2 base_pagesize kernel tunable parameter... 2 Static tuning only... 3 Installing Tunable Base Page Size enhancement... 3 Updating the HP-UX core... 3 Updating system utilities... 3 Updating applications... 4 Known limitations... 4 Java Virtual Machine... 4 HFS Filesystem... 4 Performance considerations... 5 Summary... 5 Appendices... 6 Application programming for tunable base pages... 6 Obsolete programming constructs... 6 Proper programming practices... 6 Application compatibility... 7 Oracle Database Manager... 7 SAP ERP product... 7 SAS... 7 Tuxedo... 7 Veritas Enterprise Services Administrator... 7 WebLogic WebSphere For more information... 8
2 Executive summary Tunable Base Page Size is a new feature introduced in update 3 to HP-UX 11i v3. The system administrator can now adjust the size of a base page used in managing system memory, by invoking the kctune command to change the tunable base_pagesize and then rebooting the system. The larger base page sizes allow memory to be managed more efficiently, resulting in a decrease in kernel memory usage. This can also result in an increase in system performance for some workloads. This white paper describes this new feature, how the size of a base page affects the system, and how to use the new feature, including guidance on choosing a base page size for your configuration. What is Tunable Base Page Size? A base page is the unit of physical memory management in the HP-UX kernel. It is the smallest block of physical memory that can be allocated for storing data and code by the kernel. Base pages are also the smallest unit of memory protection. The size of a base page has been made a tunable parameter for Integrity platforms in Update 3 to HP-UX 11i v3. Previously, the base page size was fixed by the constant NBPG, whose value was 4 kb. Virtual memory, as seen by applications, is managed by the kernel in units of base pages. Applications can also use "large pages", which are logical entities whose size is a multiple of the system base page size. The getconf(1) command can be used to obtain the base page size of the system. Typical usage to obtain the system page size is: getconf PAGE_SIZE On HP-UX Integrity systems without the Tunable Base Page Size enhancement, and on all HP 9000 (PA-RISC) platforms, the base page size is always 4 kb. How Base Page Size Affects the System The HP-UX kernel maintains several tables of per-page data for each base page in the system. As systems support larger amounts of physical memory, the overhead of managing the physical memory of the system becomes significant. This overhead is both a space issue (amount of memory consumed by this data) and a performance issue (time that the kernel spends managing the system memory) The amount of memory consumed by these tables is sensitive to the size of a base page. The larger the base page size, the smaller the amount of memory consumed by the tables. Reducing the size of the tables makes more of the system s physical memory available to applications. Many of the kernel s data structures and algorithms that manage system memory are directly impacted by the number of pages that the kernel must manage. Increasing the base page size from 4kB to 16kB, for example, reduces the overhead of managing memory by a factor of 4. Figure 1 below shows how the base page size impacts kernel memory consumption for static tables overall, and for the largest of those tables, the pfdat, or Page Frame Data, table. 1
3 Figure 1: Kernel memory overhead as a function of base page size Integrity Virtual Machines Platform Manager The Integrity Virtual Machines Host, also called the Platform Manager, derives great benefit from using 64 kb base pages. The Host automatically tunes the base page size appropriately. Under no circumstances should the base page size for the Integrity Virtual Machines Host be changed to any value other than 64 kb. Of course, the virtual machine instances, also called the guests, can use whatever base page size is appropriate for the guest workload. The primary benefit of large base pages to Integrity Virtual Machines configurations is the reduction in kernel memory consumption in the Host. Using 64kB base pages in the Host frees up physical memory that can then be assigned to Guest Virtual Machines. Working with Tunable Base Page Size Tuning the base page size The base page size is tuned by invoking the kctune(1m)command to change the kernel tunable parameter base_pagesize. The parameter exists on Integrity platforms only; the base page size cannot be changed from the fixed value of 4 kb on HP 9000 (PA-RISC) platforms. The base page size is expressed as a value in kilobytes. The value 4 represents a base page size of 4 kb (4096 bytes). base_pagesize kernel tunable parameter The default value of the base_pagesize parameter is 4. The Tunable Base Page Size enhancement has absolutely no effect as long as base_pagesize remains at its default value. The minimum value to which base_pagesize can be tuned is also 4. It is not possible to adjust the parameter to a value smaller than the previous fixed default. The maximum value to which base_pagesize can be tuned is 64. The other permitted values are 8 and 16. Please refer to the base_pagesize(5) manpage for complete details 2
4 Static tuning only The base_pagesize tunable is not dynamic: any change requires a reboot to take effect. Installing Tunable Base Page Size enhancement The code to enable the Tunable Base Page Size enhancement is available as a set of patches in Update 3 to HP-UX 11i v3. Updating the HP-UX core All of the files needed to update the HP-UX 11i v3 core for the Tunable Base Page Size enhancement are installed as a consequence of installing the patch PHKL_ A reboot following installation is required. Installing the enhancement does not change system behavior in any way. It is required to in increase the base_pagesize tunable above its default value of 4 to change the system behavior. Updating system utilities A number of system utilities are sensitive to the base page size, and so must be updated before they are used on a system with the base page size tuned to a value larger than the default. Since these utilities are not part of the core, they are not installed along with PHKL_ Table 1 shows the utilities that must be updated if they are used with large base pages: Table 1. Utilities requiring update before use with large base pages Utility Minimum required version Included in Update 3? Java Virtual Machine, version YES, as T1457AA version Java Virtual Machine, version 5 Java Virtual Machine, version YES, as Java15JRE version YES, as Java60JRE version ONC+ B YES, as ONCplus version B FiberChannel td driver B YES, as FibrChanl-00 version B HP SIM 5.2 Update 2 YES, as HPSIM-HP-UX version C
5 Updating applications While most applications are not sensitive to the base page size, some applications will not operate properly when the base page size is tuned to a value larger than the default. Some applications implicitly assume that the size of a base page is 4 kb. This assumption may lead to inappropriate sizes for data objects created by the application. For example, an application under an object size constraint of 1 MB, may incorrectly assume that an object whose size is 200 pages is smaller than the 1 MB limit. Instructions for application programmers to make their code independent of base page size are given in the appendix Application programming for tunable base pages. It is also possible for applications that don't depend directly on the base page size to have problems when used with large base pages. For example, the increase in object size due to rounding to a page boundary can cause stack overflow. This is likely only for applications whose stack size is adjusted to a value smaller than the default. HP has not validated that all third-party applications and drivers work properly with large base pages. For that reason, the kctune command displays a warning message when base_pagesize is tuned to a value larger than 4. System administrators are advised to conduct controlled experiments with their entire application stack before tuning the base page size to a value larger than the default. Known limitations Java Virtual Machine Earlier versions of the Java Virtual Machine do not operate properly with large base pages. The versions delivered with Update 3, and the latest versions available via Web release, work correctly at all base page sizes. For the 1.4 release stream, version is the minimum version required for large base pages. For the version 5 release stream, version (also called ) is required. The version 6 release stream, starting with version 6.0.1, works correctly at all base page sizes. Some applications bundle the Java Virtual Machine with their application distribution. That is, even though the system may have the most current Java version, the application points to a Java directory that was installed along with the application. If the bundled Java version is older than the minimum required version, the application will not operate properly with large base pages. List of such applications identified by HP is given in the appendix Application Compatibility. It is possible that additional applications also bundle older Java versions. HFS Filesystem The HFS filesystem does not support configurations where the HFS block size is smaller than the system base page size. Misconfigured HFS filesystems will cause the mount command to fail. There are two ways to avoid this problem: 1. Use only VxFS filesystems (the preferred solution). 2. Make your HFS filesystems with blksize=64k, fragsize=8k. It is strongly recommended that systems configured with non-default settings of the base_pagesize parameter use only the VxFS filesystem to avoid problems with HFS. Information on how to convert existing HFS filesystems to VxFS can be found in the HP-UX 11i v2 manual, HP Servers and Workstations: Managing Systems and Workgroups, A Guide for HP-UX System Administrators, at 4
6 Note 1 The default block size for the HFS filesystem is 8kB. HFS filesystems created with a filesystem block size at least equal to the base page size function correctly. HFS filesystems configured with a 64k block size (and an 8k fragment size) will work with any supported base page size. Please refer to the mkfs_hfs(1m) manpage for complete details. Performance considerations The kernel operations that manage virtual memory on behalf of applications are more efficient when the base page size is larger. Starting processes with large code segments and managing the virtual memory when large data objects are created can be significantly faster with large base pages. Since physical memory is managed in units of base pages, some memory allocations must be rounded up to a page boundary. This can cause inefficiencies if the object size is significantly smaller than a base page. For large objects, those a megabyte in size or larger, the rounding effect is of no consequence, even for the largest base page size. For objects a few hundred bytes in size, the rounding impact can be substantial at the larger base page sizes. Filesystem reads and writes through the Unified File Cache are done at page granularity. If even one byte is written, the entire base page must be transferred. Depending on the application data reference pattern, the larger base page sizes can cause more disk traffic than the default size. This does not hold true if the application is using Direct I/O. Direct I/O bypasses the File Cache and goes directly to the disk. Some aspects of large base pages are an unqualified performance benefit. Other aspects depend on the behavior of applications. On balance, HP has found that the performance "sweet spot" is a 16 kb base page size. Many application workloads will show a slight performance improvement with 16 kb base pages as compared to the default. Some workloads, particularly those that manipulate a large number of small objects, are better off with 8 kb or 4 kb base pages. It would be unusual for an application workload to benefit from base pages as large as 64 kb, and therefore we do not recommend that configuration. Finally, as customer applications grow to use larger and larger amounts of memory, they would benefit from an increase in the system base page size. Summary The Tunable Base Page Size enhancement to HP-UX 11i v3 Update 3 changes the base page size managed by the HP-UX kernel on Integrity platforms to be a tunable parameter. This allows customers to select the base page size that is best suited to their application workload. 5
7 Appendices Application programming for tunable base pages The standards-based interfaces needed to obtain the base page size of the underlying system have long existed in HP-UX. Most portable application code already uses these interfaces. Some applications, however, may still rely on hard-coded notions of the system base page size. This document provides example code that can replace many legacy idioms in a page size independent manner. The getconf(1) command provides this capability for use in scripting. The sysconf(2) and getpagesize(2) system calls provide this ability for compiled code. Using these interfaces enables application developers write page size independent code in user space. In the kernel, the macros NBPG and PGSHIFT are the basis for a whole set of macros that do pageoriented operations. In HP-UX 11i v3, these macros were modified in a way that is mostly sourcecompatible, but there are some subtle (and not so subtle) syntactic and semantic differences. For example, it is no longer be possible to dimension an array at compile time using NBPG, because the value is not known until run time. These changes have been present in 11i v3 since first customer shipment, so existing 11i v3 kernel-intrusive code will not see a change when the Tunable Base Page Size enhancement is installed. Obsolete programming constructs HP-UX releases prior to 11i v3 included a manifest constant called NBPG in some kernel header files. This constant corresponded to the number of bytes in a base page. While not intended for application use, it was nonetheless visible in the application-visible namespace under some circumstances. The constant is obsolete, was removed from 11i v3 header files, and should not be used by applications. In 11i v3, the NBPG macro was retracted into the _KERNEL namespace within the HP-UX header files, so it is now no longer visible to user space. On Integrity systems, NBPG is no longer a constant, but now returns the current base page size of the running kernel. Proper programming practices HP-UX provides two system calls that are capable of returning the base page size of the running kernel: sysconf(2) and getpagesize(2). These calls can be used in any user space code that need to have knowledge of the underlying base page size. A brief summary of each is provided below. Note that the principal difference between them is that sysconf(2) returns a signed long, while getpagesize(2) returns a signed int. getpagesize(2) is in fact a wrapper routine for sysconf(_sc_page_size). See the sysconf(2) and getpagesize(2) man pages on any HP-UX 11i release for full details. System calls that create and operate on memory-mapped objects generally require that addresses and file offsets used for these objects be aligned and sized according to the value returned by sysconf() when passed _SC_PAGESIZE or _SC_PAGE_SIZE. These calls include, but are not necessarily limited to mmap(2), munmap(2), mprotect(2), msync(2), and madvise(2). The system configurable variable PAGESIZE mentioned in the pthread(3t) manual pages is affected by the setting of the base_pagesize tunable. A call to sysconf(_sc_page_size) should be made at program startup time to obtain the page size currently in effect. 6
8 Application compatibility HP performs Customer Usage Testing on each update. The results of that testing for HP-UX 11i v3 Update 3 are summarized below. The material in this section will be updated as the details change. The most current version of this document is available online at Oracle Database Manager Versions of the Oracle Database Manager, both single instance and RAC, up to and including Oracle 11gR1 bundle older versions of Java that do not operate properly with non-default base page sizes. These products should not be used with non-default base page sizes. There were no problems with the Oracle client at any base page size. SAP ERP product The installation of SAP. SAS SAS version 9.1.3sp4 works properly only when the system base page size is 4 kb or 8 kb. The SAS will installation process will hang in the base page size is 16 kb or 64 kb. Starting with version 9.2, SAS works properly at all base page sizes. Tuxedo The installation of Tuxedo uses a Java Virtual Machine bundled in with the distribution. The version of Java that is bundled, , causes a core dump on a system with a base page size of 64 kb. The workaround is to complete the installation with a system base page size of 4 kb, 8 kb, or 16 kb, and then adjust the base page size to 64 kb, if desired. Veritas Enterprise Services Administrator The Veritas Enterprise Services Administrator, part of the Symantec VxVM product, as delivered into Update 3, bundles in a version of the Java Virtual Machine that does not work with values of the system base page size greater than the default. This situation is remedied by a patch to the VxVM product that was released in October The patch, whose identifier is PHCO_37694, is now available on the HP patch hub. WebLogic 9.1 An installation will not install all directories when performed on a system with a base page size of 64 kb. A workaround is to complete the installation with a system base page size of 4 kb, 8 kb, or 16 kb, and then adjust the base page size to 64 kb, if desired. Alternatively, the Java stack size can be increased, for example, java -Xss512k -jar server910_generic.jar WebSphere 6.1 The installation of WebSphere. 7
9 For more information See the HP-UX manpage base_pagesize(5) for details about the base_pagesize tunable. See the manpage kctune(1m) for information about tuning kernel parameters. See the manpage getconf(1) for details of obtaining system configuration information, such as base page size. To help us improve our documents, please provide feedback at Technology for better business outcomes ENW-TBPS-TW, October
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We render sub-portions of our pages using s.action. Unfortunately, when one of these fails, rather than ending up with a 500 error (and in our own error/exception handling code), the user gets a partially rendered page. This is because ActionComponent.executeAction() catches and logs all exceptions, but never rethrows them:
} catch (Exception e) {
String message = "Could not execute action: " + namespace + "/" + actualName;
LOG.error(message, e);
}
There could be a parameter added of course to request that exceptions be swallowed for case where a partial render might be fine, or executeResult is false and they don't care if it fails, but it does seem like that would be better handled explicitly in the action being invoked instead.
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- Transitions | https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-3215?page=com.atlassian.streams.streams-jira-plugin:activity-stream-issue-tab | CC-MAIN-2015-35 | refinedweb | 129 | 50.87 |
Hi Amar! On Dec 6, 2007 12:24 PM, Amar S. Tumballi <address@hidden> wrote: > Hi, > 1. AFR as such doesn't need any namespace brick, but with current version > of GlusterFS, for unify namespace is the single point of failure. Hence, > to > give redundancy to unify, one can use AFR. I've been a little bit out of GlusterFS lately but, what about the issue with inode numbers changing with the first server (in the AFR system) goes out making fuse crazy? How are things going with the distributed namespace cache? I had an idea about this, it is ugly but fixes the problem if it hasn't been fixed already. Thanks!!! :) Best, Daniel | http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/gluster-devel/2007-12/msg00028.html | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | refinedweb | 115 | 80.92 |
On 09/08/2011 02:35 AM, Kirill A. Shutemov wrote:> On Thu, Sep 08, 2011 at 01:54:03AM -0300, Glauber Costa wrote:>> On 09/07/2011 07:17 PM, Kirill A. Shutemov wrote:>>> On Wed, Sep 07, 2011 at 01:23:13AM -0300, Glauber Costa wrote:>>>> We aim to control the amount of kernel memory pinned at any>>>> time by tcp sockets. To lay the foundations for this work,>>>> this patch adds a pointer to the kmem_cgroup to the socket>>>> structure.>>>>>>>>>>>>> --->>>> include/linux/kmem_cgroup.h | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>>> include/net/sock.h | 2 ++>>>> net/core/sock.c | 5 ++--->>>> 3 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)>>>>>>>> diff --git a/include/linux/kmem_cgroup.h b/include/linux/kmem_cgroup.h>>>> index 0e4a74b..77076d8 100644>>>> --- a/include/linux/kmem_cgroup.h>>>> +++ b/include/linux/kmem_cgroup.h>>>> @@ -49,5 +49,34 @@ static inline struct kmem_cgroup *kcg_from_task(struct task_struct *tsk)>>>> return NULL;>>>> }>>>> #endif /* CONFIG_CGROUP_KMEM */>>>> +>>>> +#ifdef CONFIG_INET>>>>>> Will it break something if you define the helpers even if CONFIG_INET>>> is not defined?>>> It will be much cleaner. You can reuse ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_KMEM in this>>> case.>>>> The helpers inside CONFIG_INET are needed for the network code,>> regardless of kmem cgroup is defined or not, not the other way around.>>>> So I could remove CONFIG_INET, but I can't possibly move it inside>> CONFIG_CGROUP_KMEM. So this buy us nothing.>> You can define empty under CONFIG_CGROUP_KMEM's #else, can't you?> Like with kcg_from_cgroup()/kcg_from_task().>Do you really think it is cleaner?Why would I define empty something that is not empty at all?Look again. Most of those helpers would be the exact same with or without CONFIG_CGROUP_KMEM . The others, very few differences. If CONFIG_INET bothers you, I can remove it altogether, making it unconditional. But moving it inside CONFIG_CGROUP_KMEM makes no sense. | https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/9/8/104 | CC-MAIN-2017-22 | refinedweb | 293 | 69.07 |
Last edited: April 15th 2018Last edited: April 15th 2018
In this notebook we will discuss electron positron scattering at the $Z$-resonance. In particular, we will use an event generator to run Monte Carlo simulations for the $e^++e^-\to Z\to ?$ annihilation process and then visualize the results as energy spectra. The event generator will take care of the cascading and hadronization. Physical experiments have been performed on the subject. Electron-positron scattering at the Z-resonance was studied by the ALEPH collaboration at the Large Electron-Positron collider (LEP) at CERN [1].
The event generator Pythia 8.2 [2, 3, 4] will be used. It is a standard tool for the generation of high-energy collisions, and is considered accurate for $>10\;\mathrm{GeV}$. The program works for hadron-hadron and lepton-lepton collitions. Pythia 8 is written in C++, but there exists a wrapper to Python.
In the following we always refer to the Standard Model. We start by importing necesarry packages. The installation of the Python wrapper for Pythia is described at the end of this notebook. The Pythia installation contains several examples you can play around with.
# Import Pythia import sys cfg = open("Makefile.inc") lib = "" for line in cfg: if line.startswith("PREFIX_LIB="): lib = line[11:-1]; break sys.path.insert(0, lib) import pythia8 # Import other packages import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import progressbar %matplotlib inline
# Set common figure parameters fontSize = 14 newparams = {'figure.figsize': (15, 6), 'font.size': fontSize, 'mathtext.fontset': 'stix', 'font.family': 'STIXGeneral', 'lines.linewidth': 2.0} plt.rcParams.update(newparams) # Set constants me = 0.000511 # GeV. Electron mass mp = 0.93827 # GeV. Proton mass mZ = 91.1876 # GeV. Z mass
We will be simulating the scattering of a positron and an electron. That is, we will collide a positron and an electron at some center of mass energy $E_\mathrm{CM}$ and see what kind of particles is produced after hadronization and cascades.
We need to define a
Pythia-object, which will handle the simulation of the process.
# Initialise a pythia object pythia = pythia8.Pythia()
The settings for the event generator can be stored in a file and loaded using
pythia.readFile(). However, here we will use
pythia.readString() to read single settings.
The setting for the center of mass energy is called
Beams:eCM and is given in units of $\mathrm{GeV}$. We choose that the particles collide at the $Z$-resonance, $E_\mathrm{CM}=91.1876\;\mathrm{GeV}$.
The inital particles are defined using the settings
Beams:idA and
Beams:idB, and is given by the Monte Carlo Particle Numbering Scheme [5]. In this numbering scheme, each particle is given an integer. Particles are given positive numbers and anti-particles are given negative numbers. For example, electrons is $11$ and positrons are $-11$. Some values are shown in the table below (see [5] for a complete list and the details of the scheme).
# Set collision properties pythia.readString("Beams:idA = 11") pythia.readString("Beams:idB = -11") pythia.readString("Beams:eCM = 91.1876");
In Pythia, particles with a (nomial) lifetime $\tau_0 < 10^3\;\mathrm{mm/}c$ decay by default. However, we will only consider stable particles. Thus, we let even the long-lived particles $\mu^{\pm}$, $\pi^\pm$, $K^\pm$, $K^0_L$ and $n$ decay. This is achieved using the
???:mayDecay setting. The neutron $n$, for example, has an lifetime of $\tau= 880\;\mathrm{s}\approx 3\times10^8\;\mathrm{km}/c$, which in most applications and detectors can be treated as stable. However, when the neutrons have an astroparticle origin, they will decay before reaching Earth.
pythia.readString("13:mayDecay = true") pythia.readString("211:mayDecay = true") pythia.readString("321:mayDecay = true") pythia.readString("130:mayDecay = true") pythia.readString("2112:mayDecay = true");
Finally, we need to choose which processes to turn on. There are four fundamental forces in nature, shown in table 2.
The initial state $e^+ + e^-$ is charge neutral. The electron and positron may thus decay into an intermediate photon (electromagnetism) or an intermediate $Z$ boson (weak interaction) (we neglect the coupling to the higgs). The corresponding fundamental vertices is shown is figure 2. A more complete list of vertices in Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and Electroweak theory (GWS) is shown at the end of this notebook.
Note that the processes shown in figure 1 cannot be physical due to conservation of momentum. In order to get a physical process, two or more such vertices must be combined following a set of rules (e.g. charge and baryon number conservation for all interactions and color conservation in electromagnetic and weak interactions; see [6] for more information and deeper insight). This is known as a Feynman diagram. All elementary particle interactions can be described in this way. Note that the intermediate $\gamma$ and $Z$ are virtual particles, which means that they cannot be observed directly.
Each interaction vertex contribute with a factor $\propto \lambda$ to the final amplitude. This factor called the coupling constant is assumed to be small, such that the problem can be treated as a perturbation. That is, the diagrams with few vertices contribute the most. As an example, consider the process $e^++e^-\to e^++e^-$. This is known as Babha scattering. The first order Feynman diagrams for this process is shown in figure 2 for the photon.
We are now ready to choose which processes to turn on. A complete list of processes and which settings they corresponds to is shown at the Pythia 8.2 website. As we have seen, the electron and positron can annihilate to either a $Z$ boson or a photon. That is, we must turn on some electroweak processes that takes two fermions to either $Z$ or $\gamma$. This is exactly what
WeakSingleBoson:ffbar2gmZ = on does. Note that the photon branch will we suppressed at the $Z$-resonance, which is what we consider. We can check later that this is the case.
pythia.readString("WeakSingleBoson:ffbar2ffbar(s:gmZ) = on"); pythia.readString("WeakSingleBoson:all = on");
At last, we initialize the event generator.
pythia.init();
We are now ready to run the simulations. We will use $10^5$ events in the Monte Carlo. This might be a bit much for our purposes, but it gives smooth energy spectra later on. The pythia class contains everything that is known about the current event (the $e^++e^-$ scattering). This includes e.g. initial, intermediate and final particles, the id of the particles and the four-momentum of the particles. A new event is generated using
pythia.next(). For each event, we iterate through all the particles, search for a given set of particles ($\gamma$, $e^+$, $e^-$, $p$ and $\bar p$) and store the energy of the particle in an array, which later will be used to compute the energy spectrum.
NOTE: When running the simulations, Pythia prints messages, used settings etc. in the terminal in which Jupyter was run. These messages can be turned off and additional can be turned on. Check them out!
def run_simulations(pythia, iEvent): # First element is mass eGamma = [0] eE = [0.000511] eN = [.93957 ] eP = [.93828] eNu = [0] # We treat the neutrinos as massless eRest = [] w = [progressbar.Bar('=', '[', ']'), ' ', progressbar.Percentage(), ' ', progressbar.ETA()] bar = progressbar.ProgressBar(widgets=w) for i in bar(range(iEvent)): # Generate next event. Skip if fail if not pythia.next(): continue # Iterate through the particles in the event. For each final particle, # store the energy in an array for i in range(pythia.event.size()): if pythia.event[i].isFinal(): idAbs = pythia.event[i].idAbs() # Absolute id eI = pythia.event[i].e() # Energy if idAbs == 22: # PHOTON eGamma.append(eI) elif idAbs == 2212: # PROTON eP.append(eI) elif idAbs == 2112: # NEUTRON eN.append(eI) elif idAbs == 11: # e+e- eE.append(eI) elif idAbs == 12 or idAbs == 14 or idAbs == 16: # NEUTRINOS eNu.append(eI) else: eRest.append(eI) return eGamma, eE, eN, eP, eNu, eRest
iEvent = 100000
eGamma, eE, eN, eP, eNu, eRest = run_simulations(pythia, iEvent)
[==========================================================] 100% Time: 0:02:32
The final results from the simulations above are a set of arrays containing energies in GeV from the final particles in the events. The results must be transformed such that they become independent of the number of events used. The usual way to present the result is some kind of energy spectra such as
$$\frac{\mathrm{d}N}{\mathrm{d}E}\; [1/\mathrm{GeV}],\quad \text{or}\quad T\times \frac{\mathrm{d}N}{\mathrm{d}T} \; [1/\mathrm{GeV}],$$
where $N$ is the number density, $E$ is the energy and $T$ is the kinetic energy. We will use the latter. This is achieved by creating a histogram of the data and dividing by the number of events and the bin width of the histogram. A histogram can be created using the
histrogram() function from
numpy.
def get_hist(E, bins): """ Creates energy spectrum given an array of energies and the bins. """ if len(E) < 2: return np.array([]) bin_width = bins[1:] - bins[:-1] T = np.array(E[1:]) - E[0] y, bin_edges = np.histogram(T, bins=bins) return y/(iEvent*bin_width)
Let's create the histograms for the results. We should use logarithmically distributed bins.
histNum = 100 bins = np.logspace(-5, 3, histNum) bin_centers = 0.5*(bins[1:] + bins[:-1]) histGamma = get_hist(eGamma, bins) histP = get_hist(eP, bins) histNu = get_hist(eNu, bins) histE = get_hist(eE, bins) histN = get_hist(eN, bins) if len(eRest) > 0: print("Additional particles were detected!") else: print("All the different particles have been accounted for!")
All the different particles have been accounted for!
We can now plot the results.
def plot_spectrum(bin_centers, histGamma, histP, histE, histNu): # Plot histograms loglog fig, ax = plt.subplots() if len(histGamma) > 0: ax.plot(bin_centers, bin_centers*histGamma, label=r"$\gamma$") if len(histP) > 0: ax.plot(bin_centers, bin_centers*histP, label=r"$p\bar p$") if len(histE) > 0: ax.plot(bin_centers, bin_centers*histE, label=r"$e^-e^+$") if len(histNu) > 0: ax.plot(bin_centers, bin_centers*histNu, label=r"$\nu\bar\nu$") if len(histN) > 0: ax.plot(bin_centers, bin_centers*histN, label=r"$n\bar n$") ax.set_xscale("log", nonposx='clip') ax.set_yscale("log", nonposy='clip') ax.legend(loc=2) plt.xlabel(r"$T$ [GeV]") plt.ylabel(r"Td$N$/d$T$") plt.show()
plot_spectrum(bin_centers, histGamma, histP, histE, histNu)
Note that all of the graphs goes, except the massless photons and the light neutrinos, goes to zero as the energy decreases. This change occurs rapidly. Moreover, when the energy increases, the energy spectrum decreases as well. There is also a sudden peak at $~5\times 10^1\;\mathrm{GeV}$ for the electron and neutrino spectrum.
Let's discuss some properties of the shapes of the graphs, in particular why the energy spectra are 0 for $T\gtrsim 50\;\mathrm{GeV}$.
The energy spectrum for the protons and anti-protons becomes zero at
print("T = %.2f GeV." % (np.max(eP) - mp))
T = 41.17 GeV.
The initial particles has an energy
$$E_i = 2m_e + E_\mathrm{CM} = 2\cdot 0.511\;\mathrm{MeV} + 91.1876\;\mathrm{GeV} \approx 91.2\;\mathrm{GeV}.$$
A proton and an anti-proton at rest has the energy
$$E_f = 2m_p = 2\cdot 0.93827231 \;\mathrm{GeV} \approx 1.88 \;\mathrm{GeV}.$$
If the process is $e^+ + e^- \to p + \bar p$, the kinetic energy of the final particles must be
$$T_p = T_\bar{p} = \frac{E_i - E_f}{2}=44.7 \;\mathrm{GeV}.$$
Thus, if we increase the number of events, we observe the energy spectrum for the protons and the anti-protons to become zero at $E_{0, 2}\to 44.7\;\mathrm{GeV}.$
print("T = %.5f GeV" % (np.max(eE))) print("T = %.5f GeV (analytical)" % ((2*me + mZ - 2*me)/2))
T = 45.59380 GeV T = 45.59380 GeV (analytical)
Note also that the graph for $e^-e^+$ diverges for $T~45.6\;\mathrm{GeV}$. This corresponds to the process $e^+ + e^- \to Z \to e^+ + e^-$. The details are beyond the scope of this notebook.
print("T = %.5f GeV" % (np.max(eGamma))) print("T = %.5f GeV (analytical)" % ((2*me + mZ)/2))
T = 45.48929 GeV T = 45.59431 GeV (analytical)
Play around with the code and concepts introduced. For instance, let the long lived particles be considered stable, try with other initial particles (remember to use the right processes) or try other initial energies.
[1] Check out the ALEPH website () or the CERN website ()
[2] Sjostrand, Torbjorn et al.: A Brief Introduction to PYTHIA 8.1. Comput.Phys.Commun. 178 (2008) 852-867 arXiv:0710.3820 [hep-ph] CERN-LCGAPP-2007-04, LU-TP-07-28, FERMILAB-PUB-07-512-CD-T
[3] Sjostrand, Torbjorn et al.: PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual. JHEP 0605 (2006) 026 hep-ph/0603175 FERMILAB-PUB-06-052-CD-T, LU-TP-06-13
[4] Pythia 8.2 online manual: (accessed March 2018)
[5] C. Patrignani et al. (Particle Data Group), Chin. Phys. C, 40, 100001 (2016) and 2017 update.
[6] Griffiths, David J. 2008. Introduction to elementary particles. Second, revised edition. Wiley-vch.
Download Pythia and extract content. In Linux, you can use the following terminal commands to extract Pythia in the home folder:
cd ~ wget tar -xvf pythia8230.tgz cd pythia8230
Configure Python before configuring pythia.
./configure --with-python-include=/usr/include/python2.7 --with-python-bin=/usr/bin
Now, configure Pythia (see and for more settings) by running
make
Navigate to the folder containing the python file,
cd /folder/containing/python/file. Then, copy the
Makefile.inc file using
cp ~/pythia8230/examples/Makefile.inc .
For more information, see the information page for the Python Interface.
Some of the fundamental vertices in the electroweak theory is shown in the figure below. The photon is charge neutral and couples to two of any electrically charged particle, such as the quarks or the electron. The $Z$ boson is also charge neutral, and couples to any lepton. The $W^\pm$ bosons are charged, and must therefore couple to two particles with a net charge. This is a lepton and corresponding neutrino, $(l^-, \nu_l)$, or a quark and a quark of oposite flavour such as the up and down quark. The flavour of the quarks is thus not conserved in electroweak theory. Quantum chromodynamics is not discussed in this notebook, but one can note that the gluon couples to any quark and that gluons can couple with other gluon in a three- or a four-vertex creating a so-called gluon ball. Gluons can also couple to photons. | https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/urls/www.numfys.net/media/notebooks/electron_positron_annihilation.ipynb | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | refinedweb | 2,411 | 60.51 |
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