Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
Why are there 2 party’s in the US, and what do they stand for?	[ "There are more than two, but the other ‘major’ parties are very small, Libertarian, Green and Constitution and therefore have an almost zero chance of running the country. Similar to how UK politics are dominated by the Labour and Conservative parties. Generally speaking Democrats are left leaning and Republicans...	[ "This CGP Grey video does a really good job of explaining it all. _URL_3_" ]
how is it economical to ship ramen packets?	[ "It probably costs a lot less to ship things than you think. Let's say it costs about $2000 to ship a 20ft container from Asia to the US. That's [1100 cubic feet of space](_URL_1_). Let's also call a [12-count of ramen](_URL_0_) is about 0.23 cubic feet. Doing some math, that gives 5100 cases or 61,200 packets of...	[ "Write all plans, print it out and mail it to yourself, never opening it. It's a poor man's copyright. Other than that, I don't know. Hopefully someone else has more in-depth knowledge." ]
how does icloud and cloud file saving work?	[ "The cloud is a terribly ambiguous term that most IT personnel hate. Essentially what companies are calling the cloud is just a datacenter with elastic storage capabilities. But the cloud could also be storage that you have at your house that you access over the internet. There isn't just one \"cloud\". Amaozon has...	[ "I've heard that there are YouTube servers in various places. Say I live in Hawaii and a video is uploaded in Chicago. The advertisement videos are already stored on the Hawaii servers, but the actual video is stored on the Chicago server and has to be downloaded after enough people view it. I might be wrong, but t...
The science behind limbs "falling asleep" and why pain (sometimes severe) is normally associated with it?	[ "Because you pinch a nerve against a bone, so the limb stops sending signals to your brain. Your brain gets used to it until you unpinch the nerve -- and then all those impulses flooding back in overwhelm your brain to give you those \"pins and needles\" feelings. Pre-emptive comment: No, a limb falling asleep is n...	[ "Bats dont fly like birds, they cant start flapping on the ground and gain height. They need to build up speed to get going, so if a bat hits the ground it has to crawl up a tree, and drop to resume flight. So bats evovled special feet that allow them to sleep up high in trees, and than when they wake up they are g...
Observed some unusual clouds this afternoon, and I'd like to know more about them.	[ "My first guess was that they were lenticular, or lenticular-like at least. Lenticular clouds usually stick pretty close to the orography that creates them, but it's not unimaginable that the wave would propagate much further and create remote lenticular-form clouds under the right conditions. I would imagine the i...	[ "It depends on the atmospheric conditions where the airplane is flying. See _URL_0_ Basically, if a plane flies though a patch of sky where the humidity is not close to saturation, then the exhaust will not condense and will thusly not form contrails. If the humidity is close to saturation where a plane flies, a co...
How would removing PBS help cut the deficit.	[ "The federal government only provides about 20% of the NPR and PBS budget. He's just pandering. Cutting it would do nothing except abandon its audience. Edit: The US Government spends $444 million a year on the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. The defense budget this year is over $1 trillion. That should gi...	[ "Because once you do something like that you can't un-do it. Even if you are right, what cultural artifacts have you destroyed in finding the chamber? And if you are wrong then you have destroyed them for nothing." ]
Why is it so easy to fall asleep in lectures, but much more difficult in bed when I actually want to sleep?	[ "In a lecture, I assume you're very bored, and are often letting your mind wander. Hence it's relaxed, and not thinking too much about any specific thing, thus letting it gently rest until you close your eyes and drift slowly to sleep. Conversely, if you're actively trying to sleep in bed, you're focusing your min...	[ "Your eyes are perceiving that your body should be in one position (lying down in case of the linked gif), yet the signal from the balance centers in your ears are sending a different signal to your brain. This dissonance causes your brain to try and make you feel how you should based on the signal from your eyes."...
How did Seth Bling manage this code injection in Super Mario World?	[ "This is a really dumbed down explanation, compared to the other answers. The live memory in older video games (like the NES) is very simple. Think of it like 10 boxes, the first one is your score, the second is your current level, third one is your lives, and so on. Now, let's say the maximum score was 999. Seth m...	[ "You can either hack the license generation scheme,. Or just hack the software. Somewhere in the software there's a line that says: Did the user input a correct license key? If so, proceed. If not, show license error and exit program. Change that piece so it always thinks you did enter a correct key." ]
How do animals develop relationships with their human carers? Animals are giving hugs to their owners and what goes on in an animals brain?	[ "Most of these animals are herd/pack/family animals. They interact socially based on trust, affection and mutual benefit, same as humans. A human carer provides an animal with activity, food, treatment, training, and leadership. Pack animals have a need for all of this, same as humans. We don't really know what goe...	[ "Changed the flair from \"Earth Sciences\" to \"Psychology\". Although φ is not my field, I believe you will find a large part of your answer by researching the concepts of \"imprinting\" and particularly of \"cuteness\" (no, really - it's a thing; at least the way it was defined by Lorenz it is...) and the researc...
Why did humans start considering genitalia "private" parts and why did we all decide we needed to cover up our junk?	[ "Could have been done initially as a protective layer from other predators or other environmental dangers." ]	[ "Hi OP, this is a cultural question, so it would greatly assist anyone considering answering if you could specify which culture you're asking about. For example, the name of a cultural group / country / geographic region, plus a rough time period. Otherwise, this question is simply too broad, as it encompasses almo...
What's the difference between a magnetic field, an electromagnetic field, and an electric field?	[ "All electric charge creates an electric field. Electric charge in motion causes a magnetic field. In classical electrodynamics, these fields are distinct quantities but related to each other via Maxwell's equations. The electromagnetic field is an object in relativity which combines the electric and magnetic field...	[ "It is called \"Vigrid\" in modern Norwegian; [Wiki](_URL_0_) has an article on it. I always thought the etymology was 'vi', modern 've', English 'woe', and 'grid' meaning mercy, so \"No-Mercy Field\"; but apparently not." ]
How does the Japanese writing system work?	[ "Katakana is exclusively used for foreign words like basketball or McDonalds. Kanji is almost exclusively used for nouns that are indigenous to Japan or China, like bird or refugee. This also applies to some verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Hiragana is often used for conjunctions, prepositions, articles, like and, i...	[ "As an additional question: How would these relationships start? Would there be a sort of match making service via a third party or through the parents of the eromenos/wakashu?" ]
Why are we charged for data/downloads? What costs are we paying back to our ISPs and our network providers?	[ "You're repaying their investment to set up and maintain the infrastructure (billions of dollars), the reason they charge for specific quantities of data/bandwidth/speed is because their total network capacity has to be divided among customers. Some arbitrary cap has to be set to prevent other customers being denie...	[ "Building is often done in bulk, dozens of houses at a time, which means you get economies of scale, not just in the materials etc, but in the laying on of services. Building a row of houses needs a trench dug for the sewer connections, for example, but you can do the whole row at one time - likewise the foundation...
Do animals get/have mental disorders?	[ "I study primates, and I know that things like depression (see Harlow's horrifying work from the 1950's) can be induced. Captivity can also cause stereotopies and self injurious behaviour, including things like \"floating limb syndrome\" and reacting to things that aren't there (captivity is truely, truely awful). ...	[ "A follow up question: Is it possible that they are potentially as smart as we are, but the lack of hands, appropriate communication (etc.) limits their ability to develop their potential?" ]
Do calcium ions in water react with water to produce hydrogen? I know elemental calcium will do so, but what about ions?	[ "It won't. Ca2+ appears as parts of other compounds rather than on its own. You couldn't isolate pure Ca2+. You can do reactions that involve exchanging the counter ion(s) associated with it though. Elemental calcium reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2. To do this, 2 water molecules lose hydrogen i...	[ "The plumes recently reported on Europa by NASA offer a golden opportunity for investigations based on this notion. Plume around Enceladus were identified and examined by Cassini about 3 years ago, and the presence of salt was confirmed. Even more interesting: hydrothermal silica was identified, a litteral \"smoki...
The difference between Catholic Christianity and Orthodox Christianity	[ "Essentially, Catholicism and Orthodox differ in their interpretation of the traditions and certain historical events within Christianity. In all honesty, it's kind of petty. The Orthodox reject the idea of an immaculate conception, while Catholics believe whole-heartedly that the virgin Mary was completely without...	[ "Here is a [fantastic video](_URL_5_) from a great YouTube series. The series is about the author does a fun, informative bit about every major historical topic. The episode I linked above explains how Islam started and what the branches of Islam are about. It really is a great watch, its like 10 minutes long and ...
Why do YouTube videos stop playing when you back out of the app?	[ "I think it was to stop you from using it to stream music for free. It's much more inconvenient for you to use it for music streaming if you have to keep the screen on and the app open." ]	[ "Every time you make a copy of a cell, there is a chance for errors. For example when you photocopy a first print, it is pretty crisp and close to the original, but there are a few minor discrepencies. Now if you photocopy the copy, it gets more distorted, and so on until some letters get hard to read, it gets diff...
How do CGI artists know what's behind the objects they remove in live action movies?	[ "Copying parts of the background if it is visible at any point during the shot (most common, also mostly automated process at this point) or Using a reference shot. Basically they film the scene several times with some elements simply not there, for SFX background references or If all else fails, rotoscoping. Paint...	[ "Several reasons: * Better technology. Many chambers were detected by sonar or radar. They would send a signal through the stones and listen for irregular echoes. Today's sonar and radar imaging techniques are better than they were in the past. The equipment is more sensitive, uses different frequencies, and with d...
Why do people get really bad headaches after they stopped drinking/cut out pop from their diet?	[ "Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor, meaning it shrinks the size of blood vessels in your brain. That's why caffeine is an ingredient in excedrin, and migraine drugs like imitrex are also vasoconstrictors. Shrinking blood vessels in the brain reduces pressure in the brain. Tolerance is the body getting used to this effe...	[ "Most sodas originated as 'medicinal' tonics. A variety of these were 'colas' which derived from the kola nut which provides a natural source of caffine. These were marketed as early energy drinks and some of them (such as coca-cola) had stimulants added to them. Later on, sodas became a recreational drink with car...
If CRISPR changes the DNA of a cell, how does it change the DNA of an entire body?	[ "There's a few ways, but it's all about how you deliver the gRNA and the Cas9 protein and your repair DNA (these are the components required to use Cas9 to cleave a certain site in the DNA). If you modify germ cells (like egg or sperm cells), then any progeny from these cells will have the modification in all cells...	[ "They mapped her brain activity and used the information writing the program that controlled the arm. The Doctors told her to think about moving her arm at the shoulder in all different directions, this caused brain activity in certain, specific areas; the Docs record this information and applied it to the program....
Given how far lightning travels before it strikes, why is it still attracted toward slightly taller objects given the relatively small difference between the ground and object?	[ "It's because of the way that lightning moves. It doesn't just appear as one coherent bolt all in one go. Lighting consists of several distinct stages. The first stage is marked by what are called stepped leaders. These are essentially filaments of charge which originate in the cloud. Each stepped leader moves a fe...	[ "Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Heat rises, yet it is cold on top of a mountain. E ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: If heat rises, why is it freezing cold above the clouds? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5: If heat rises, why are higher altitudes generally colder? ](_URL_0_) 1. [ELI5: If heat rises, w...
Why does Caffeine help reduce headache pain?	[ "Adding caffeine to a regular dose of common ingredients found pain relievers (aspirin and acetaminophen) makes them relieve tension-type headache pain about 40% better than they do without caffeine. Caffeine also helps your body absorb these medications, allowing you to get back to your daily life faster. It opens...	[ "[Rogue](_URL_1_), but seriously there are several studies on this. [Here](_URL_2_) is a news article. [This](_URL_0_) is a scientific article that relates epinephrine to loss of pigment. Epinephrine is linked to flight-or-fight response system. Hypothetically stress, or a \"shocking experience\" indirectly would ...
What is the correct serotonin structure?	[ "Your tattoo is fine: these are just the two equivalent resonance structures that can be drawn to represent the same thing. Instead of alternating single and double bonds in the 6-membered ring, the electrons in an aromatic system (in this case the benzene ring) actually recombine to form one delocalized pi-bonding...	[ "These images might help you see it better, [source of them is here.](_URL_1_) [The Nikon 6mm f/2.8 cross sectional diagram with lines showing the light coming in.](_URL_0_) Nikon even apparently patented a 5.4mm f/5.6 lens with an angle of view of 270 degrees, though it was never made, [here's the diagram for that...
Why do the people have to limit water consumption even more, while agricultural and industrial waste so much still?	[ "Because it's about politics. Water consumption by private households is very low compared to agriculture and industry. But if your ordered to save and reduce it makes you feel like your representatives and you are doing something to solve the issue and sets up your next water rate hike." ]	[ "It maye be an artesian spring from an aquifer that is high up in that mountain in the background. Water enters the aquifer in the mountain, and fills tbe aquifer underneath a confining layer that extends beyond the base of the mountain. The water beyond the base of the mountain is pressurized in the confined aqui...
Why do some webpages lose their formatting ocassionally?	[ "All the formatting instructions are held in a seperate file so that each page can have the same look and feel. These files are called cascading style sheets (.css) and if they fail to load for any reason, it causes the site to revert to a very basic plain text look" ]	[ "a program is like a piece of cloth occasionally a hole is found so you put a patch on it but the cloth remains the same size when you want to make a cloth a blanket then you make it bigger this is called bloat" ]
Where did the heavy elements that formed the planets in our solar system originally come from?	[ "Nuclear fusion in stars produces all the elements up to iron - it requires an input of energy for elements heavier than iron to form. They are only formed during the massive energy output of a supernova (not a nova - a nova is just an outburst of surface fusion, it doesn't destroy the star). You asked how this e...	[ "When a lot of stuff floats around it tends to group up... as those groups form they get more and more attracted to eachother. The more stuff there is the more gets attracted (gravety). Eventually there is so much stuff that the middle gets very hot! Everything there turns into this super dense ball. it keeps pulli...
how did battles in the midieval times really go down? In the movies, it seems like they have endless energy, and they never have to make pewpies lot urinate. Do they take breaks to eat? Or do they just fight for hours/days/decades until one side is dead or just retreats.	[ "Mortality in medieval battles was actually low. Most of the battles were purposed to conquer a territory or a fortified village (castle). The war \"doctrine\" wasn't to obliterate the enemy forces, but mainly to conquer land. This could mean really long sieges, but it doesn't mean the armies were fighting all the ...	[ "Most surgeries (when things go to plan) take around 30 min-2 hours. Some major surgeries e.g. a liver transplant might take ~6-8 hours. 20+ hour surgeries would be exceptional e.g. conjoined twin separations where you actually need multiple different teams e.g. plastic surgeons, neurosurgeons etc. Usually surgery...
Reddit is the world round?	[ "Remember, though, that the shortest distance between two points on a sphere is not a straight line. Flight paths usually lie on geodesics. See _URL_0_" ]	[ "Maybe we can pull in /u/gallowboob and ask him why (in a metaphorical sense, as he is \"the karma whore\") ;)" ]
why do we know more about outer space than we do our own oceans?	[ "I know what you're getting at. Space is pretty easy to see. We can see loads of it with the naked eye and small telescopes. We can see even more of it with really big telescopes and radiotelescopes and we can work out a lot of it using data and mathematics. On the other hand, the oceans are pretty big and pretty ...	[ "To give a slightly different example that /u/Vampire_Seraphin's a current excavation off of the coast of Sri Lanka at a fishing village called Gotavaya is the first marine excavation of an ancient shipwreck in Indian waters. It is dated from the first century BCE/CE, which was the peak of the ancient trade, but as...
Why does colored plastic turn white/lighter when you bend/stretch it and stay that way? What happens to the paint/coloring?	[ "When you bend plastic, it forms teeny-tiny fractures throughout the bent area. These fractures scatter the light that passes through them, causing a surface to appear translucent or even opaque when bent." ]	[ "It all depends on what you mean by \"weight\". If you mean \"mass\", then no light has any mass. If you mean \"force of gravity\", then all light is affected by gravity the same. No matter the color, light rays will travel along geodesics. If you mean \"momentum\", then the answer is \"kind of\". Light comes in di...
Why is the war on uber ride sharing so on going in Australia?	[ "The taxi industry is tightly regulated to ensure public safety - drivers must be appropriately licensed, have undergone training, have had background checks run and so on. To own a taxi you need to have purchased a taxi license, of which there are very few and those few cost 200-300k. This is all legislated. Essen...	[ "They have a history of exploitative and careless behavior: [click](_URL_0_), [click](_URL_2_), [click](_URL_3_). The more recent frustration is stemming from their comments on water and their usage of it in California [during a drought](_URL_1_)." ]
Where does the term "cop" come from when referring to a police officer?	[ "In the 19th century, the verb \"cop\" was used regularly to refer to the arrest of criminals by police officers. Eventually, the police officers were called \"coppers,\" and, later, that was shortened to \"cops.\" Other suggestions for the origins of the term \"cop\" have little support. For example, \"cop\" is no...	[ "It's arbitrary. Before cars were invented, there wasn't a set way to go --- on a super-busy street in a big city, lanes would naturally tend to develop. But otherwise it was pretty much a free-for all, because horses are smart enough not to crash into each other 99.9 percent of the time. You can check out old pict...
Why carbonated drinks stay "fresh" for ages until you open it, but after reclosing the lid very tightly it goes flat in a few days	[ "The bottles are pressurized to keep the CO2 in the liquid. When you open it, the bottle depressurizes and the CO2 can freely escape into the void you make by drinking some. After the bottle is opened once, you'll hear it depressurize again the second time you open it. This is the gas that has escaped since you las...	[ "We associate cold moving air with invigoration and warm still air with nappy-time. The human animal has evolved to have a preferred avoidance when possible of being really active when it's really warm. A lot of societies in warmer climates have a \"siesta\", or mid-day nap time, to dodge the hottest sun and heat....
Why does it often take hours for me to fall asleep at night but if it's the middle of the day and I have homework to do I'm always tired.	[ "Maybe you should try to do homework when you need to sleep." ]	[ "There are a few factors at work here : Moſt chairs are deſigned to ſit at about knee height ; they generally ſupport your back, and more importantly, your butt and legs. Toilets are uſually lower, and they are made with a large hole in the middle, into which you ſink a little. This lower height, lack of ſupport,...
The victims of the Mt. St. Helens volcanic explosions: what happened to the bodies that were never found?	[ "Well, very sadly... those exposed to hot ash and pyroclastic flow from volcanoes are essentially rapidly/instantly baked (alive), and quickly turned into charcoal and carbon, with their body usually being subsequently broken up into powdered carbon ash particles. -------------------------------- Also, given how ...	[ "This has essentially been answered by the preceding comments, but what hasn't been contributed is this: _URL_0_. Muster and enrollment records, transfer lists, honours lists, etc, for the period of 1730 through 1898. Worth having, OP, if you're writing or researching the topic academically. To succinctly summarise...
how do medicine tablets work soon after swallowing them, when it takes 2-3 hours for digestion	[ "Digestion is different than absorption. If you do a shot of hard liquor, you'll be feeling its effects in minutes, not hours, because chemicals start getting absorbed by the blood relatively quickly. The entire process of digestion--involving the break-down of the food itself on a larger scale--takes hours, but du...	[ "That's because your device has to \"prep\" a lot of configurations such as encryption keys, protocols etc. Think of it as switching the battery in your car, you first gotta unplug it, check which wire goes well, reassure you did it correctly and then proceed to turn your car on. It took you time to do all that, ...
How does fiber optic works?	[ "A single fibre optic is a very fine strand of glass. It has a useful property that when a light is shone in one end, instead of the light spreading out all over, it bounces around inside the strand to the other end. So this gives you one more option, amongst the many that exist, for data transmission. It's very si...	[ "Not sure anyone can explain it better than Richard Feynman: _URL_0_" ]
Why is S ahead of A in some media?	[ "It came from some Japanese games that had \"S-Tier\" for like super tier. It kind is just a thing that happened and people copied. It doesn't really have much meaning or anything particularly interesting. S-Tier was considered the top of the top above the A-tier." ]	[ "_URL_0_ > The order of adjectives, according to the book's author Mark Forsyth, has to be: opinion-size-age-shape-colour-origin-material-purpose. > \"If you mess with that word order in the slightest you'll sound like a maniac, he warns in the extract. \"It's an odd thing that every English speaker uses that lis...
I've heard that, in the early Soviet Union, working as a waiter at a restaurant was prohibited, because no worker should serve another worker. Is there any truth to this?	[ "I haven't heard of this. Something you might be thinking of: Visiting revolutionary Petrograd, John Reed recorded the following in [Ten Days that Shook the World](_URL_0_): > The waiters and hotel servants were organised, and refused tips. On the walls of restaurants they put up signs which read, “No tips taken...	[ "We can divide divide spacetime into regions bounded by your forward and reverse [light cones](_URL_0_). The region of spacetime inside your forward light cone is the \"absolute future\", meaning that all observers agree that these events have not happened yet. The region inside your backward light come is the \"ab...
why is it that when you hold an object close to your eyes and focus on something in the distance, there appear to be two of the object?	[ "Because you have two eyes. When they're looking at the same thing, your brain can merge the image. When you're focusing on something different, you're actually seeing two different images." ]	[ "This isn't quite what you asked for, but if you take two polarizing filters and place them at 90 degrees, no light gets through. If you then add a third polarizing filter at 45 degrees between the two filters... [light will get through all three of them](_URL_0_), even though the same two filters that were previou...
What is the 'chemistry' of a balanced diet?	[ "> ... but which chemical substances are necessities and which are not? See [essential nutrients](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "You can get the ingredients from analyzing Coke, sure, but it's not going to tell you anything about the manufacturing process. If I put a pizza into the lab and it tells me it's: * 50% wheat * 25% low-fat dairy cheese * 10% tomatoes * 10% eggs * 5% oregano It doesn't tell me whether it was a pizza or a calzone. I...
With pets like dogs and cats, why can't their lifespan get longer with modern medicine and diet like us?	[ "They have. When you consider 9 years - > 14 that's a massive increase in life expectancy. Do you expect humans to be able to double their life expectancy? Of course not, however a 20-30% increase over a few hundred years to maximize our potential? Reasonable - and this is what we've seen with pets." ]	[ "Every time you make a copy of a cell, there is a chance for errors. For example when you photocopy a first print, it is pretty crisp and close to the original, but there are a few minor discrepencies. Now if you photocopy the copy, it gets more distorted, and so on until some letters get hard to read, it gets diff...
What are current theories on what the Great Attractor might be?	[ "We're not completely sure what the Great Attractor itself is, but we now know that it is not as massive as we first thought, and it is in fact a galaxy cluster behind it that the Milky Way is drawn to, and not the Not-So-Great Attractor itself." ]	[ "I would encourage you to watch [this video](_URL_4_) because it explains that relativistic effects, combined with the electric force, result in what we describe using a \"magnetic field\" and \"electric field\". Coupling is pretty confusing. But it just means that it isn't really a causality in one direction, it i...
Why have most of my English teachers told me not to use the passive voice?	[ "Because passive voice generally makes for really boring, detached writing, which is the opposite of what you're going for when trying to write compelling prose." ]	[ "From the guy who got the act passed in the first place: > In an NPR interview, Bradley said his motivation was simple, and personal. \"Betting on sports was betting on human beings, and I thought that was wrong,\" he explained. \"It turns players into roulette chips. It makes the game, which is a game of high-lev...
How does the exception ever prove the rule?	[ "This is an archaic use of the word 'prove', which means 'to test'. It does not mean that it demonstrates a rule to be true, but that it tests the rule. It is usually used when an exception to a rule has been identified: for example, Mutillidae are wasps without wings, and therefore are an exception that proves (te...	[ "Imagine you are made of genetic soup. Some people have ingredients that just don't go well together and make the soup taste bad. But that's ok, because when you have a kid, we just take some of my soup and some of my wife's soup and pour it in together. So even though my soup has some bad ingredients, her ingredie...
I see many videos of people peacefully interacting with wild sea animals, from blue whales and manatees to orcas and white sharks. The same is not true for land animals. What makes sea animals, even big predators, seem so much more tolerant to human interaction than wild land animals?	[ "Those animals tend to be large enough that they don't have natural predators. Being docile isn't an issue for their species. Something smaller like an otter on the other hand..." ]	[ "Evolution isn't about being smarter or more \"advanced\". It doesn't matter how smart a deer is if it can't outrun a wolf. Evolution, pure and simple, is about the propagation of genes (reproduction). Ants are highly successful, but they are almost pure instinct. Dolphins are pretty smart, but they're endangered. ...
What prevents services like Spotify from being available in all countries?	[ "The streaming service has to make agreements with the copyright management system in each country it works in, as they ahve to pay royalities for use of material. IF they haven't got the agreement, the service can't operate. This is also why different offerings are available in different countries; the rights for ...	[ "To quote the great pop song from the '70s;Money, Money, Money, Money. MONEY.\" The record studio's pay the radio stations to play their songs. Simple as that." ]
How should a college student go about learning politics?	[ "No sources are unbiased. Read a variety of sources on the Internet and draw your own conclusions." ]	[ "I would check out It's Okay to Be Smart on youtube. They do a good episode on this (im bad at links)" ]
From a scientific points of view, what's going on when someone "feels the presence of God" (or any other deity for that matter)?	[ "To be fair, there could be an almost infinite amount of answers to this. Depends entirely on the circumstances/person." ]	[ "To everyone currently commenting: This is not AskReddit. Anecdotes and speculation are not acceptable replies to a question in AskScience. Please read the guidelines on the sidebar -------- >" ]
What determines heat capacity?	[ "The inter molecular forces within water give it an unusual molecular affinity for itself for its molecular weight. Water has hydrogen bonds which means it holds together well. It is the intermolecular forces which determines a molecules boiling point and ability to change state at different energy inputs. The mole...	[ "By measuring it. There are so many contributing measurements that it is difficult to list them all in a reddit comment. [Wikipedia has an article](_URL_1_). The small uncertainty is simply a result of very precise measurements." ]
Why does California have so many regulations compared to other states?	[ "It's also a mostly liberal state, so a lot of laws are created to protect the people. Plus, the population can create laws via propositions which are placed on the ballet." ]	[ "Your answer was removed shortly before you posted this question. It did not meet our standards. We ask that answers in this subreddit be in-depth and comprehensive, and highly suggest that comments include citations for the information. In the future, please take the time to better familiarize yourself with [the ...
How are ads like "you're the 1000000th visitor click here to claim your prize" legal? Isn't that like false advertising?	[ "they don't get reported. if you were in charge of declaring ads illegal, would you occupy yourself with technically harmless internet advertising? sucks, you wouldn't have a choice." ]	[ "Some do, some don't. Check your settings. Since HTML email can be designed so that images are fetched from servers out on the internet when you look at an email, those servers are notified – in a sense – that you’ve looked at the email. Spammers, in particular, love this. They can send you some spam, and if the im...
Do puddles experience tides as well?	[ "Tidal forces exist everywhere. But it's not going to make much of a difference on a puddle because it's all in pretty much the same place, so it's either low gravity or high gravity. Not like the oceans, where they get low gravity in some areas and high in others so the water moves around. If you looked really c...	[ "[_URL_4_](_URL_3_) may or may not be helpful. he [Saturnian](_URL_1_) moons [Janus](_URL_2_) and [Epimetheus](_URL_0_) and probably the most famous examples. However, I don't think they exactly share an apogee or perigee (which would technically be an apoapsis and periapsis, since 'gee' only refers to Earth)" ]
Why does a lack of trace metals cause fatigue?	[ "Iron deficiency leads to fatigue because it causes anemia, a decrease in circulating red blood cells (because hemoglobin needs iron to function). This decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood causes people to tire more easily. Most other trace metal (eg Mn, Zn, Se, or Cr) deficiencies do not result in fat...	[ "I would go with yes, as driving for 10+ hours can be rather exhausting as well, and all you're doing there is effectively sitting and moving your hands slightly every few minutes." ]
How do people with diseases like Dementia and Alzheimer's remember how to speak their language?	[ "Alzheimer's disease affects the retention or creation of memory. Use this metaphor to help you: Think of your memory as a huge stack of paper. Every time you need to remember something, you flip through the stack until you find the right page. When you need to remember something else, you place the page you were u...	[ "Plaque is a thin layer of bacteria eating the sugars in your mouth. It is linked to diet generally. More sugar = more plaque. I think mouthwash just kills the bacteria. I don't think it washes away plaque. Maybe it does idk. If you brush/floss often enough and don't eat too much sugar, you'll be fine. If not, th...
Why did outhouses have moons on carved into them?	[ "There are authors who claim the practice began during the colonial period as an early \"mens\"/ \"ladies\" designation for an illiterate populace (the sun and moon being popular symbols for the genders during those times). The book : The Little Red Schoolhouse: A Sketchbook of Early American Education has the fo...	[ "Entertaining, perhaps? If you held a large party of fifty or a hundred people, you'd need bathroom space." ]
What happened to the Basilica cannon?	[ "Not exactly the Basilica cannon, but another massive Turkish super-gun, the Dardanelles Gun which was constructed in 1464 was still in service more than three hundred years later during the Dardanelles Operation in 1807. It was used to bombard British ships during that operation. Sultan Abdulaziz gave the gun to ...	[ "Could you perhaps present us with your original source so we can see what the author writes about it? I think I know the answer, but I would like to know what exactly the author wrote. Also, could you remove the bonus question? We do not allow discussions of events after 1993." ]
Why can YouTube handle having millions of hours of video uploaded Perday. But Netflix has to delete movies and TV shows	[ "Netflix doesn't delete their movies and TV shows because they run out of room. They delete them because they don't own the content, and only rent it, basically. so when the contract is up with a certain show or movie, and Netflix either doens't want to pay again to keep showing it, or the two companies can't reach...	[ "The terms of service take the form of a contract. In terms of enforcement, it's no different to any other contract. If either side feels that the other side isn't sticking to the terms of the contract, there may be provision made in the contract for some penalty (if you don't do this we will add XXX dollars to you...
Why is North Korea threatening war if they (seemingly) have no chance of victory?	[ "They do this from time to time. They threaten war, practice artillery fire, make threats until countries give them aid and then they settle in for a few years and it will restart again. No one wants war so this is the peaceful way of doing it. They might be crazy, but I severely doubt the higher ups in the regime ...	[ "One way is to word everything as a question. So if your headline reads \"Is Kim Kardashian a Hobbit?\" then nobody can sue you because, hey, you're just asking questions. Another strategy is to use so-called weasel words. Instead of saying \"Kim Kardashian is a Hobbit\", you say \"Some people have claimed Kim was...
Why is the human heart located on our left side? Shouldn’t it be as centrally located possible?	[ "That's actually a pretty common misconception - The heart is located in the centre of the chest. There's no reason it should have to be there though, the distance that the blood would have to travel would be the same regardless. The reason you can feel your heart pumping on the left side is probably because the l...	[ "News and scheduled programs have different airing times for the different time zones. Live programs (sports, or a presidential debate or something) are scheduled so as to attempt to be convenient for everyone. This often ends up being rather late on the east coast, and inconveniently early on the west coast. I don...
Why are red and blue wavelengths of light most useful to photosynthesis?	[ "Look [here](_URL_0_) Notice how on the left side of the total absorption graph everything is absorbed? If you are a plant, you don't want to be absorbing things in that region... so violet is less efficient than things to the right of it." ]	[ "I'll hazard a guess and say that it's not that you're incorrect, but rather that the professor thought that the mention of the source of atmospheric oxygen was not appropriate for the talk. I don't know what level you're at, or what level you'll be presenting to, but based on the use of the word \"populistic,\" it...
Have average people always kept pets?	[ "not discouraging anyone from contributing more info on this topic - especially with regard to how common pets were - but FYI there have been lots of questions about pets, so check out these posts for previous responses. [When and why did people start keeping pets?](_URL_2_) [When did it become common for people ...	[ "I can't speak to how many supported it morally or ideologically, although I would feel safe in venturing that it was a vast majority. I can tell you that about [1/3 of all households in the south held slaves in 1860.](_URL_1_) (data is from [1860 census](_URL_0_))" ]
Why do people worry about cell phone usage around gas pumps, but don't care about using the radio?	[ "For the same reason people worry about cell phone usage while driving but don't care about the radio. There's like zero chance of the cell phone igniting the gas or anything like that, but if you are talking on your phone, you aren't paying attention, and might drop the pump while it's running or something. Also, ...	[ "Simple: Their music doesn't act as a confession. Music is a performance, you wouldn't arrest an actor for being a murderer just because they play one in a movie would you? Similarly you wouldn't arrest Eric Clapton for admitting he shot the sheriff, and you can't arrest a rapper for saying they are \"ridin' dirty\...
Why does the sun bleach some things, but make other things (us) darker?	[ "Our bodies make a natural sunscreen called melanin. Melanin darkens our skin not the sun. Someone else can tackle sent why colors fade." ]	[ "When cells divide they make pretty much exact copies of themselves. Introduce radiation to the equation and the copying process goes screwy and the new cell is different. Rinse and repeat over and over and you end up with body cells which are completely different in shape size and function to what they were origin...
ELI4: why the sky is blue.	[ "The air is naturally clear. When the sun is shining, the Nitrogen and Oxygen in the air scatter the sun's blue light through the atmosphere. This is the same reason why the sun looks yellow; it's normally white, but when you remove the blue light (which escapes in to the air), you're left with yellow (well, you're...	[ "I feel like this should be in /r/answers. I can't imagine this is a complicated concept that needs to be simplified. This is a subreddit for explaining complex things as simply as possible, not a subreddit for asking questions a five-year-old would ask." ]
Why is it that the fly population is not exponentially growing with the seemingly endless supply of food humans are throwing away to negate natural selection?	[ "Limiting factors control the population. Cold weather can kill off insects. Flies have to survive the maggot stage. Food and habitat are limited. Predators eat them. Like mosquitoes, the reproduction stage is a major limiting factor." ]	[ "Confirmation bias. They may well land on your light bulb. But you're not staring at your light bulb for hours and hours on end, so you wouldn't notice it as much." ]
If electromagnetic radiation all travels at the same speed, then how are we able to physically observe the visible spectrum of light from a supernova without simultaneously being harmed by the dangerous radiation emitted such as UV-rays, X-rays, and Gamma-rays?	[ "Because the intensity of the light drops off as roughly 1/r^(2). The light intensity is too weak to do serious damage, but you could still detect it." ]	[ "> I’ve seen a lot of scientists say we can’t get through the Van Allen belts Who in particular? Were they working on the Van Allen belts, ionizing radiation in general, or biological impact of ionizing radiation? We can go through them easily, and if you don't spend days there the total dose is not a significant c...
[physics]Can a fusion reactor be designed to fuse elements heavier than hydrogen?	[ "In theory, yes. But fusing heavier elements requires more extreme conditions (higher temperature and pressure) than fusing hydrogen, so it becomes progressively more difficult to create a reactor to fuse heavier elements. And since creating a hydrogen (or more specifically: deuterium/tritium) fusion reactor is alr...	[ "Besides money there is the problem of having a rover than can survive the more extreme conditions on other planets. The Moon and Mars are pretty tame compared to Venus, Mercury or Jupiter. The distances, as well as the environmental conditions, make control and communications a much bigger problem. Look at the rec...
Why does running cold water and running hot water sound so differently?	[ "You’re on the right track. Hot water has smaller droplets because it doesn’t stick together as much as cold water. So just like small rocks sound different than sand, cold water sounds different from hot water." ]	[ "It's just one of the things we simply don't know. A known thing is that rapid temperature changes can trigger a vasovagal response. Also, holding ice behind the ear can be seen as a type of cold pressor test, a test that actively targets the sympathetic nervous system. Since the vagus nerve predominantly consists ...
How do the major mail deliver services (FedEx, UPS) handle people who don't pay for the faster shipping? do they literally sit on the packages?	[ "They ship it by truck, instead of by air. Much cheaper for them. If the truck's not full for a particular regional destination, then it doesn't go. So your package will sit in one hub until the truck is full enough to send to the hub near you." ]	[ "In the American legal system there is no legal obligation to report a crime or volunteer information to the police. It is criminal to help someone cover a crime up, or make it harder for the police to discover. It is criminal to lie to law enforcement during an investigation. And if subjected to a subpoena you mus...
How we know the dates of events that happened in BC times	[ "> Didn't we start counting the years at year 1 No. Humans have almost certainly counted years since before we had a way to write things down. Here's a [list of archaic calendars](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "Get a feel for what you are reading. Ask yourself do all their arguments follow? Are they sometimes making leaps of logic? Are they priviliging/relying one group of sources, if they are do they explain why? What perspective is the book written from, how might this affect the focus of the book? Are they making bad/...
Why do people shake when they are angry?	[ "It's adrenaline, anger induces adrenalind. It causes muscles to twitch, therefore its technically more ready to do something. Usually when you're angry you feel the need to move either in a violent or escaping from situation. Fight or flight in a nutshell." ]	[ "from what Ive found, the question has to many variables to nail down exactly, as each case is typically different. some research says its the swelling and shrinking of blood vessels, while others attribute it to memory association. In short, its a well documented phenoma with a variety of reasons and speculations ...
What are all the extra ingredients in a cigarette for if nicotine is the main goal?	[ "There are lots of reasons, also keep in mind that most lists are of a company's additives across all their brands, not just one product. The main reasons for additives get added are flavor/scent, burning retardant (so the cigarette doesn't smolder too quickly when not being actively smoked), or modifying nicotine ...	[ "Here be dragons. There's such a mess in the literature and popular press about any possible supplement. There are very few papers about any particular supplement that are definitive, just because the data is so noisy it's hard to separate good inferences from wishful thinking. Part of the problem is looking for si...
how are memories stored in the brain?	[ "The best explanation we have is a thing called Long Term Potentiation. Basically when you create a memory a connection between cells in your brain is formed. Repeated experiences make that connection stronger and last longer and more likely to be activated again. When you remember something it's a result of that c...	[ "It's mostly arbitrary. In old-style CRT displays, the image was generated by physically moving an electron beam across the screen in horizontal lines starting from the top. (EDIT: and for historical reasons, even more recent signal formats like VGA, DVI and HDMI typically use the same ordering.) So the simplest wa...
Does the long term use of antidepressants cause any change in brain chemistry or organization?	[ "_URL_2_ Talks about tremor in patients receiving fluoxetine, a common antidepressant, which persisted in 11 of 21 patients for more than 450days after treatment had stopped. This is obviously a small sample size study but aligns with reports I got from colleagues who prescribed it to patients." ]	[ "Hey, I made a quick [video](_URL_4_) to answer your video! If you don't want to watch the video here's what I run over: - Sometimes our thoughts wander, leading us to a thought that we may see as sad or depressing! This can be done subconsciously and without us knowing! - Stimuli can affect our mood, for example: ...
Why are they just getting around to researching marijuana's medicinal potential now?	[ "Here are a few I'm aware of: - The DEA lists marijuana as a schedule 1 substance (no accepted medical use; high potential for abuse) and a lot of researchers in the US were under the impression the DEA based that on sound scientific data, which it did not. - The most definitive research showing the benefits of...	[ "Money and politics pretty much, NASA's budget is nothing compared to what is used to be and back then US was completing with Russia to be the first to the moon" ]
Why doesn't the latest sunrise or earliest sunset coincide with the shortest day of the year?	[ "If the Earth were in a perfectly circular orbit around the sun, the shortest day would coincide with the latest sunrise. However, our elliptical orbit results in the Earth traveling faster when it is closest to the sun, and slower when farthest. Since the rotation of the Earth is pretty constant, this makes the su...	[ "Simplest answer: variance. Better answer: there are multiple factors involved. Light sources in the room or before you go to bed mess with melatonin production, which signals your body to sleep. If you wake up in certain parts of your REM cycle, you'll feel groggy instead of rested. Nightmares can make you tense d...
How would America do nuclear retaliation if one of the code holders (like the president and his football) was dead/missing/couldn't supply their own code?	[ "The constitution lays out the succession process if the president dies. The 25th amendment lays out the different processes from relieving the president from duty if he or she is still alive. If the president is assassinated, the VP becomes president and can issue the approval of launching a nuclear attack. If t...	[ "There are a number of ways that scientists can use proxies to estimate temperatures - a proxy is just a known ratio of isotopes or minerals that changes depending on temperature. The wikipedia page for the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum goes in to a couple: \"Precise limits on the global temperature rise during ...
Why do fans cool me down? Shouldn't the particles moving faster raise their temperature?	[ "The general sense of it is that you warm up the air around you. So air very close to your skin is warmer than the air in the room. As an air current moves across your skin, it continually sweeps away the air near your body and replaces it with cooler air from the room." ]	[ "It's a combination of factors, but the biggest was found in a study by a microbiologist named Peter Palese in 2007: the virus thrives in dry air. When you exhale, your expel a little bit of moisture; just tiny droplets too small to be seen. As the droplets fall to the ground, they start to evaporate. The virus in...
Why do levels of medications in your blood not increase to the point of overdose after taking them for an extended period.	[ "The same reason a drunk person can sober up after a few hours, the liver. The liver acts like a filter to ensure these things don’t stay there forever. It makes use of the things that are useful (nutrients, medicine) and neutralizes the things that aren’t (toxins, alcohol)" ]	[ "Inflation. Let's put it this way, in America it used to be that you could buy a steak dinner for let's say $5. Then today that same steak dinner would cost $50. How much we pay for things, and how much we get paid has increased slowly over time. In other countries, it has increased way faster, so something that us...
Best Of ELI5 2013 winning submissions	[ "Happy new year everyone! Let's make ELI5 even better in 2014." ]	[ "To a 5 year old? Only Carl Sagan can do that.... _URL_0_ _URL_1_" ]
Why do I have to pay an excess on my car insurance when making a claim?	[ "It discourages frivolous claims. You get a scratch on your door you suck it up rather than ask for an entirely new door panel. Also insurance companies are for the most part scum." ]	[ "For example, until the 1820s, capital punishment was mandatory in England for grand larceny (over 12 pence) and for many other crimes such as relatively small property crimes and stealing animals. There were similar laws in various other societies. Throughout history, it's not unusual to find the death penalty for...
Why do cats stare at blank walls?	[ "A cat is unlikely to be staring at nothing rather an insect or even a trivial thing like dust or the play of the light. Cats are very keen hunters, with a strong instinct for tracking such things so they just can't help it." ]	[ "You mean like a solid black line or rectangle? It's for tracking, the machine that makes the cuts has a sensor to watch for those so it knows when to cut and if it is cutting right." ]
Can someone give me a summary of all the Star Wars movies, (and any vital information from the novels.)	[ "When you get a chance, Google the \"Machete order\" Its a way to watch the movies that makes them make way more sense and it actually makes it a bit more entertaining. I'm a huge SW nerd knowing stuff from the make and model of the millenium falcon to what type of blaster rifle Boba Fett used. I highly recommend ...	[ "With large objects, such as sci-fi spacecraft it is a huge problem. Since stress is force divided by area, making it easy, think of you going around a curve in your vehicle, your neck will feel stress due to the centrifugal force on your head from the vehicle turning. Expanding this, the car itself has the same pr...
During Antiquity, how would one go about turning a captured prisoner into a slave?	[ "This is a broad question do you have a specific time period or place in mind?" ]	[ "Is this a homework question? It says in our [rules](_URL_0_): Our users aren't here to do your homework for you, but they might be willing to help. Remember: AskHistorians helps those who help themselves. Don't just give us your essay/assignment topic and ask us for ideas. Do some research of your own, then come t...
How would comets get organic molecules? Do planets such as the earth not have carbon molecules already?	[ "We already know comets have organic molecules - carbon's fairly common in space and thus so are carbon compounds. What we're curious about is which compounds it has, because those will be a clue to which ones early Earth would have had. That, in turn, will tell us the conditions under which life on Earth develop...	[ "I don't know about mammals, but bugs were bigger because there was a lot more oxygen to go around, and insect growth was determined by how much oxygen there was to support bug life. At least, I think that's what I remember. Maybe from NDgT new Cosmos?" ]
In xray diffraction, why is it possible to use a fourier transform on a 2D image to get the 3D lattice information?	[ "XRD does't use one 2D image, it takes a series of 2D images while the sample is rotated. It's the synthesis of these images that gives 3D data, like taking a video of a rotating object but in reciprocal space" ]	[ "[This is someone's doctoral thesis which contains information on the vibration of flat plates. On page 38 of the PDF (31 of the document), you will see some vibrational modes drawn for a flat plate. The higher-frequency AA mode ought to look familiar.](_URL_0_) While this is water and not a flat plate, the behavio...
Why is the complexion of my penis (which gets no sunlight) darker than the rest of my body (which is constantly exposed to sunlight)?	[ "Often the shaft will be darker and the tip will be lighter because the genitals generally produce more melanocytes to protect them from the sun, but the tip was generally hidden by the foreskin so it didn't have to evolve melanin. This effect is exacerbated by the deflating of these parts in comparison to maximum ...	[ "This theory is known as sensory bias. The idea is, generally speaking, that organisms have a pre-existing bias for some trait, and then mates evolve to take advantage of that preference. In this case, some do in fact think that early primates developed a sensitivity to the color red because ripe fruits (major port...
What physical properties make Iron, Cobalt and Nickel ferromagnetic?	[ "It all has to with the spins of the electrons. When all of the electrons in the orbitals are paired up, their spins (+1/2 & -1/2) cancel each other out. This results in a diamagnetic material that is slightly repelled by an external magnetic force. Conversely, paramagnetic materials have electrons that are unpaire...	[ "I think Richard Feynman does a great job of explaining this (like you are five) when asked about the nature of magnetism. Sorry that I can't give you a good answer myself, but this video probably has exactly what you are looking for: _URL_0_" ]
How are ads such big business?	[ "Because everything points to the fact that marketing works. The biggest problem in marketing is how to spend your money efficiently (i.e. target your customer group) and Facebook and Google are two of the biggest platforms for doing this since you willingly give them all of your information allowing companies to s...	[ "Let’s say you want to sell apple pies. You buy all the ingredients, make the pie and sell it. You’ve paid for flour, apples, sugar, fat, etc. For one pie, these ingredients cost you 5$. You sell the pie for 20$. You’ve added 15$ of value to those ingredients, so you are taxed on the value you’ve added. At 10% that...
How do TV channels/shows know how many views they are getting?	[ "The Nielsen Company. I believe they have around 10,000 US households and they give them a special device that logs when each user is currently watching tv. This is also how demographics (age, race, etc.) are gathered." ]	[ "They don't. It's a marketing ~~lie~~ gimmick. I used to work for a company that did a similar thing by mail. New customers were supposed to sign up by a certain time for special rates but as a specific matter of policy we'd give those rates to anyone who mailed back the special offer." ]
Do transexuals have to submit anything to legally change genders?	[ "Yes, there's generally a court process to go through that results in getting an amended birth certificate that shows a different gender than the original one. The exact process varies depending on the country (and in the US, on the state)." ]	[ "Well, there is very little data on this for obvious reasons. However the story of Genie* is one modern case of this happening. Reading about that is probably the most information you'll find on the subject. *_URL_0_" ]
Why do horror movies usually have a much lower rating to any other genre?	[ "Actually, the average horror movie rating on imdb is slightly higher than that of the average romantic comedy. Look at the big picture." ]	[ "Through fear of being ostracized, individuals in groups tend not to voice unpopular opinions. Sometimes, these unpopular opinions are, actually, popular amongst the group, but other members doing the same thing means those opinions may never actually get expressed." ]
How/why does radiation destroy our bodies?	[ "If it's really intense it can just burn you. If it's not that strong, but a bit strong, the main damage is from breaking some of your DNA molecules, thus giving you cancer." ]	[ "Every time you make a copy of a cell, there is a chance for errors. For example when you photocopy a first print, it is pretty crisp and close to the original, but there are a few minor discrepencies. Now if you photocopy the copy, it gets more distorted, and so on until some letters get hard to read, it gets diff...
would a literate, urban (Moscow or Petersburg) Soviet citizen have had access to the Western philosophical classics? (say, between, 1955 and 1985)	[ "As /u/kieslowskifan wrote most of classic western philosophy was available. Some eastern philosophy was also available, such as Tao Te Ching by LaoZi. Also, philosophy was a required course in graduate schools (at least in eighties). Without passing philosophy you could not get PH.D. diploma regardless your speci...	[ "Online? You won't find much. I. M. Lewis's A Modern History of the Somali (\"revised, updated, expanded\") is still the standing work, with the newest edition in 2003--but a lot of the material hasn't changed since first publication over 50 years ago. I'll see if there are any newer works on parts of the country...
Do darker materials reflect/emit less radiation than lighter counterparts?	[ "Kirchoff's law of thermal radiation says, more or less, that bodies that are good absorbers (darker) are good emitters of EM radiation. Good reflectors (lighter/mirrors) are poor emitters of EM Radiation." ]	[ "When cells divide they make pretty much exact copies of themselves. Introduce radiation to the equation and the copying process goes screwy and the new cell is different. Rinse and repeat over and over and you end up with body cells which are completely different in shape size and function to what they were origin...
How come people brush their teeth "side-to-side" in some areas of the world, while others brush "up-and-down"?	[ "I don't have an answer for you, but here in Denmark we're taught you should alternate or brush in circles." ]	[ "Conservation of angular momentum. If you're standing on the edge of a platform, your angular momentum is zero. If you start wheeling your arms in a clockwise fashion, your trunk will have to start turning in a counterclockwise fashion so that the total angular momentum of your body is still zero. This is what you ...
Is washing your hair everyday with shampoo good for your hair?	[ "What do you mean by \"good for your hair\"?" ]	[ "> Why would it even matter if you're planning to live in a house for 20 years? It matters mainly if you want to refinance your mortgage. Refinancing is when you replace your loan with a crappy interest rate with a new one with a better interest rate. Technically, the way it works is you get a new loan with a good ...
How were the New World and Asian colonies established? What was the process used to establish a new colony?	[ "Your question is really to vague, it's like asking how are cities established... There is no single mechanism. You would need to consider multiple aspects: Are you asking about French, Spanish, British, Portuguese, or another nation as the origin of the colonists? What time frame are you referring to? Are you as...	[ "[Here](_URL_0_) are Roggeveen's logs during the time he visited Easter Island. Nowhere does he mention 'whites, indians and Polynesians living in harmony'; he does, however, describe the natives' complexions as varying, some paler than others. Also, 'Polynesia' was not a word until 1756, 27 years after Jacob Rogge...
What role did the SA play in the final stages of World War Two?	[ "To my understanding, most members were transferred to the Wehrmacht, and what was left of it was primarily a subset of the SS and served as administrative and training support of sorts. They did have a small military presence, mostly as naval auxiliary, and the Panzer Corps Feldherrnhalle (not really a part of the...	[ "Neal Gabler's \"An Empire of Their Own\" makes the general point that many of Hollywood's early Jewish producers were foreign-born or first generation, and were motivated by a sort of desperate self-determination in their own quests for pieces of the American pie. But more importantly, he notes that, upon Hollywoo...

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