Subset (10)

eli5 · 25k rows

Split (1)

train · 25k rows

query stringlengths 20 300	positive listlengths 1 1	negative listlengths 1 1
If someone has allergies does that mean their immune system is weak, or if they do not suffer from allergies, their immune system is awesome?	[ "Not at all. An allergy is a complex immune response to a specific stimulus in which the body over-reacts. Trying to quantify the strength of an immune system is also difficult. It has a number of factors that comprise it, and can excelt at one type of protection, and suck at another due to diet, genetics, locatio...	[ "Sometimes people are actually more sensitive to taste. This is called being a supertaster, and studies suggest that supertasters are much more likely than non-supertasters to be picky eaters, because tastes are much stronger to them. Sometimes people are only sensitive to certain tastes - for example, there is evi...
In "Hunt for Red October" the Russian sub Captain says "Your conclusions were all wrong, Halsey acted stupidly" what was he referring too?	[ "He's referring to Halsey's actions at the Battle of Leyte Gulf - Halsey was supposed to be covering the landing force at Leyte but instead was drawn off by a Japanese decoy force, leaving the landing largely unprotected. He compounded his decision with a series of unclear communications that left other American fo...	[ "> Anne Sullivan arrived at Keller's house in March 1887, and immediately began to teach Helen to communicate by spelling words into her hand, beginning with \"d-o-l-l\" for the doll that she had brought Keller as a present. Keller was frustrated, at first, because she did not understand that every object had a wor...
What is zero point energy?	[ "From a physics perspective, it's the lowest possible amount of energy a system can have--it's ground state. More particularly, it's the ground state of the universe. When you hear about \"zero point energy\" being used as an energy source, it's all crap. The idea is that if you could draw energy out of this ground...	[ "Can you explain why you think it's impossible for \"nothing\" to exist?" ]
How does a feedback loop in the brain between neurons affect a person in real life?	[ "Feedback reduces or enhances a stimulus. Positive feedback enhances a stimulus, but will eventually come to an end. Child birth is a good example of positive feedback. The body creates conditions that would usually be considered abnormal, but are necessary for that particular action. An example of negative feedbac...	[ "Roko's Basilisk is an argument about AI. It argues that; a sufficiently powerful AI would have an incentive to punish people who had thought about the AI/known about efforts to create the AI, but that did not assist in the creation of the AI. These people could be seen as \"hampering the efforts to create the enti...
How close was the USSR to landing a man on the moon at the time of Apollo 11?	[ "Not very close at all, the N-1 Soviet Moon Rocket did not fly until 1969 and suffered 4 launch failures before being cancelled. Delays were due in part to the death of Sergei Korolev, the project leader and internal Soviet political infighting. Once the US made a successful landing there was really no political wi...	[ "Aside from the Walter diary, one of the most harrowing accounts of 1812 is Sergeant Bourgogne - with Napoleon's Imperial Guard in the Russian campaign and on the retreat from Moscow 1812 - 13 by Adrien Bourgogne who typified the Imperial Guard's hard fighting grumblers. *A Soldier for Napoleon The Campaigns of L...
What happens at around 7 years old to all of us that we suddenly realize we are all going to die?	[ "It doesn't happen around that age for all. There's no set age when people realize it, but generally it happens when we naturally develop the capacity to start thinking more in abstract terms and handle more existential questions." ]	[ "Things appear big or small in reference to your ability to handle and move around them. A longsword is very big to a child because it is as long as they are tall, if not longer. Dad's boots were huge because a child's foot would fit two and a half times in the sole. That warehouse that Dad works at was gigantic b...
In the years between 1885 and 1914 Italy suffered a massive emigration where, from a starting population of a little over 28 milion, 15 milion italians left Italy for the Americas, what caused this massive emigration ?	[ "Follow up question. How did communities in the Americas react to areas where many Italians immigrated to? I hear from the ones in my community that they weren't treated so well, even being targeted the KKK back in the 20s. How much truth is there to this?" ]	[ "Mansa is a military title, originally meaning something like \"supreme commander\" but evolving to have connotations making it similar to a royal title. So, calling him \"Emperor Mansa\" is a bit redundant. To answer your question, no, there is not evidence to suggest that a Malian fleet reached the Americas. In f...
A new Harvard School of Public Health study (link inside) claims that eating red meat daily is conclusively bad for you, with an increased mortality risk of 20%. What are your thoughts on this? Can this really be true?	[ "(1) The paper suggests correlation only. It does not suggest that red meat causes increased mortality. Only that they are linked. The news articles covering it do not explain this, or are just ignoring it. (2) The increased mortality is not as bad as it initially sounds. They report 6,000 CVD deaths out of 120...	[ "It isn't okay to do that. It does spread bacteria over the meat." ]
why is Amtrak the only way to go cross country by rail, and why is it so expensive if it is a government owned company?	[ "Long ago there were many private passenger rail companies in the USA. But when the government spent billions of dollars on the interstate highway system, it basically paid for a free competitor to the trains, thus putting most of them out of business. To avoid the total collapse of that business, the government co...	[ "Simply put, it is the most effective at what it does. This is sort of like how we use (potentially) deadly poison's for anesthesia. There are other potential options (botox for cosmetic surgery is basically a paralyzing agent), but none last as long and work as efficiently, so we don't use them. With anesthesia t...
What makes the 21st chromosome more likely to improperly divide during meiosis 1 than other chromosomes?	[ "It's not more likely. However in most chromosomes, trisomy (a 3rd instance of that chromosome) isn't survivable, and results in miscarriage. Trisomy 13 and 18 are also survivable." ]	[ "there are differences in the way that the rock Sheers. Megathrust vs Strike-Slip In a Megathrust Earthquake (the sort which cause tsunamis) the fault breaks vertically and the seafloor is lifted or dropped by several feet or meters around the fault. Moving the Sea floor up or down moves the entire column of water...
How do people spend $300K+ on a dinner when individual donation to a campaign are suppose to max out at $2.7k?	[ "That's the limit for a candidate. These dinners are usually party functions raising soft money that isn't subject to that dollar limit." ]	[ "Part of the fight or flight syndrome. Animals do this do--people can also urinate or defecate in these circumstances, also like animals. Basically the body has to figure out whether the blood goes to the brain, to the large muscles, arms and legs, or to the abdomen--specifically to digest food. In the wild, the ad...
What is known about the origin of the idea that darkness = bad and light = good?	[ "You might get interesting answers at r/AskAnthropology too. Dualisms like this have been found among disparate peoples, including those not using writing." ]	[ "24 hours — Egiptians used a base-12 counting system (as opposed to our base-10). 12 hours during the day (which they could track using sun dials) and correspondingly 12 hours at night (which they could track using the movement of stars). 7 day week — religions. It started in Babylon 600BCE, then transformed from t...
Worldwide, how can all debt be $200 trillion when there is only $81 trillion actual money available?	[ "Okay. Say I have 5 dollars. Joe has zero and Steve has zero dollars. I loan Joe 5 bucks, Joe Loans Steve 4 dollars. Now I have no debt. Joe has $5 of debt, and steve has $4 of debt. Thats 9 dollars of debt with only 5 dollars of money" ]	[ "Say you're in class, and good work provides results in jelly beans from the teacher. These are super jelly beans, and you need 10 beans a day to survive. So any amount of 10 beans is luxury. You work hard and you earn 20 beans, but in order to get those beans you used pencils and paper provided to you. Therefore ...
Where did "skinhead" originate? Why did they begin shaving their heads? What is the symbolism or meaning behind this?	[ "I could follow up with a similar question: My understanding is Skinheads were not originally necessarily neo-Nazis. When and why did Skinheads start to become associated with them?" ]	[ "Sorry, we don't allow [\"trivia seeking\" questions](_URL_0_). These tend to produce threads which are collections of disjointed, partial responses, and not the in-depth discussions about a particular topic we're looking for. If you have a specific question about an historical event, period, or person, please feel...
I learned in astronomy that UV light doesn't reach Earth's surface. But isn't it UV from the Sun that causes sunburns? Why?	[ "The range of wavelengths that counts as UV extends from around 400 nm down to about 10 nm before we begin to call the light X-rays. The ozone layer absorbs most wavelengths shorter than about 290 nm, and the rest of the atmosphere can strongly absorb wavelengths of light smaller than 200 nm. Anything with a wavel...	[ "The distinction between the various [degrees of burns is based on the depth of the burn](_URL_0_). First degree burns are epidermal burns - i.e. they only involve the outermost layer of the skin. Because the underlying dermis is undamaged, they quickly look red (from capillary dilation), and heal readily as the ep...
If light has energy, does it lose that energy over time? For example, the stars we see: does that light lose energy between their point of origin and it reaching Earth?	[ "there are two main aspects to this, the easy answer is \"yes\" but not for the reasons you think. basically, photons, having no mass, always travel at \"c\" anything traveling at \"c\" experiences no time, therefore there is no time over which a photon can loose energy. but, space is expanding, therefore a photon ...	[ "It's not voodoo magic. It's kind of like brushing your hair. When you get up in the morning, your hair (assuming you have more hair on your head than I do) is all tangled from tossing and turning and all that other jazz. This is what regular light coming from, say, a light bulb looks like. It's all tangled and sca...
Why do tiny countries exist?	[ "San Marino exists because the city gave refuge to the guy who was conquering the rest of Italy at a time he needed it so he agreed not to conquer it. I don't know it's origin, but Monaco serves as a hand tax haven (think Camen Islands offshore accounts) for the wealthy, so there is little encouragement to invade. ...	[ "_URL_0_ Short answer: the physics change with the scale. If you built a house exactly to scale, but 3 times its normal size, it would collapse under its own weight. Conversely, if you build the house at 1/10th scale, you could probably drop it several times its height without much damage." ]
Why do you get chills when hearing certain sounds (ie "nails on chalkboard") or feeling certain textures?	[ "Here's [one possible explanation](_URL_0_) from a guy who won an Ig Nobel prize for his research: > “It turns out the sound waves associated with primate warning cries, particularly chimpanzee warning cries, are remarkably similar in appearance to the aversive, middle frequency sound waves produced by fingernails...	[ "When reading a book, normally, the book doesn't move very much relative to your eyes. Sure, the car might bump up and down, turn, accelerate and so on, but you usually hold the book fairly still - again, relative to your eyes. When reading, you usually focus only on the text - which you see as stationary. Your eye...
why were people bled in the past in hopes to get cured?	[ "The general idea stemed from Ancient Greek concepts of medicine called \"Humorism\". In their model all sickness was caused by imbalances in the four distinct fluids: Black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood. Such ideas make some sort of intuitive sense in that if someone becomes sick they produce an overabundan...	[ "As a followup question, what \"image\" did they project? By this I mean, was it like a sign of nobility? Was it to show loyalty to a particular faction/religion/craft? Was it considered low class or as brands for criminals? Thank you. Cool question OP." ]
Why didn't anyone start using bows and swords again in 18th and early 19th century warfare?	[ "Very similar question with a great response from u/tiako: _URL_0_" ]	[ "Most people copy ideas. If the tribe A comes up with a good idea, then tribe B next door will copy it. Or tribe A's good idea may make it powerful enough to conquer tribe B and force them to adopt their idea. Isolated communities may not be exposed to outsiders' ideas (like modern technology) so they don't copy th...
How can congress sneak CISA into the NASA bill?	[ "Congress makes its own rules. There are very few rules for Congress in the Constitution. The rest they write themselves. They can even ignore rules they write if no one in Congress objects." ]	[ "Preprogrammed commands with meticulous planning ahead of time. Asteroids are not obstacles space is tremendous and its hard to hit something on purpose and nearly impossible to hit anything on accident." ]
Why were early films/photos in black and white? What did we need to add in order to see color?	[ "The chemicals used in film were only sensitive to light and dark, they could not distinguish between colors. The technology to produce color images was only perfected in the early 20th Century, and remained significantly more expensive for some time. Also, the artistic techniques used to film in black and white ar...	[ "Your question is like: > Why do people keep telling me to take a pill my doctor prescribes when in ye olden days people didn't have access to the same pills? Clean water is way easier to get now than it was then. Since you have access to clean water you should use it. In the same way, getting a doctor to prescri...
why are spiders and bugs in places like Australia, Africa, South/Central America so damn huge. But in America, we seldom see that.	[ "They know we aren't afraid to use our nuclear weapons. Bring it on mutant spiders, we got enough rockets for all of you!" ]	[ "No. This is commonly referred to as the \"square-cube law\". Basically, the strength of something relates to its cross-sectional area - how thick it is. If you scale up something by a factor of 2, then the cross-sectional area of the arms/legs/etc increases by a factor of 4, i.e. the square of the scale factor. Ho...
I know that some reptiles and fish can change gender if necessary for breeding but how do they decide who is going to change and how do they know that all of them are not going to change?	[ "In clownfish, the school of fish has a strong hierarchy built into the male fish's social structure. When the female dies (or wanders off), the the most dominant male changes sex to become the next female. (Yes, Nemo's dad should have been his mom). Other fish, like wrasses (cute neon fish) are set up similarly - ...	[ "Swimming at the professional/Olympic level has basically reached its limits from a human standpoint. What changes now is that engineers find new materials and ways to design swimwear that makes the swimmers more and more hydrodynamic, so they will move more efficiently through the water. Timing methods have also b...
Why does the sky change its colour when the sun is low?	[ "I think because the sun has to travel through more of the atmosphere at that angle. And at that angle there are lots more clouds, pollutants, etc that are refracting the light and making it disperse, which only leaves oranges and reds that are strong enough to blast through all those obstacles and make it to you...	[ "RobusEtCaleritas is right. You can imagine it this way: Imagine you're standing in the ocean at the beach, a short distance from the shore. Waves move toward you at a constant pace. Let's say you are hit by one swell every 10 seconds. If you start running towards the shore, you will be hit by less and less waves,...
What caused this plane/pilot to fly straight towards the ground?	[ "At least from the plane's movement, I can tell that wings stalled when pilot tried to level out the plane as it didn't have enough speed for wings to produce enough lift to return the plane back into horizontal. Flaps were lowered and elevator seems to be functioning properly so it looks like the pilot's error. I'...	[ "Point a flashlight at the wall and turn it on. See the small circle? Now, let's say your flashlight is delivering xyz power to the wall. So xyz power is landing in that circle, right? Tilt the flashlight in any direction. The circle spreads out across the wall doesn't it? But you didn't change the batteries or any...
How does fat in the body create more flesh?	[ "You have dedicate fat cells that are specialized in storing energy as fat. To if you eat more food that you need you can stor it as fat in those cells. If you eat food with less calories then you need you start to remove the fat from the cells and use it for energy. When you use fat for energy you convert fat+oxyg...	[ "It doesn’t really know how much skin to regenerate. This is why scars sometimes look indented or outdented." ]
How are submarines kept insulated?	[ "Depends on the submarine. They do generate a lot of heat, especially nuclear reactor powered subs, plus there are the crew and the electronics generating heat as well. Air conditioning is essential. Although I'm not sure on the temperature difference between nuclear subs and standard old diesel powered subs. I'd t...	[ "I don't have my anthropology textbook at hand so I don't have a source to give, but google 'Inuit sunglasses'. Bone goggles with a narrow slit. I'd love to hear if there's any scholarship on this invention, but you'd have to think they were invented in prehistory." ]
If some liquids are not compressible how does sound, a compression wave, travel through them?	[ "Not compressible when compared to gasses. But all matter has some compressibility. And yes, sound does travel much faster through liquids and solids (but not infinitely since they are still a bit compressible). EDIT: Looking it up, 330 m/s in air, 1500 m/s in water, and 6000 m/s in steel." ]	[ "Negative air pressure. Warmer air takes up more volume than cooler air. When food is hot, and you seal it in an airtight container, the remaining air in the airtight container is warmed by the hot food. As the food cools -- even a little -- the air temperature also cools. As the air temperature decreases, the co...
How does a desert form right next to an ocean?	[ "If the prevailing winds blow from desert to ocean in that area, then the moist sea air is moving away from the desert, not toward it." ]	[ "Any idea why Petra came into existence so far from an ideal location?" ]
If The Hubble Telescope's optics can focus on distant galaxies, AND can focus on a local body like Jupiter, why can't it see Pluto clearly?	[ "The Andromeda Galaxy takes up ~1.58° in the sky. Jupiter takes up ~15.24 arcseconds (1/3600 of a degree). Pluto takes up ~0.05 arcseconds. Jupiter appears ~300 times larger in the sky than Pluto and the Andromeda Galaxy appears ~400 times larger than Jupiter. That's why the Hubble can't see Pluto. Also, the Androm...	[ "There is only one point on your retina that is equipped for HD work, and that is known as the 'fovea'. When you are looking right at something, that's the part of the retina that is in use. It has an especially high concentration of cones, used for color vision. The rest of the retina is still capable of resolvi...
How is Lactose fliltered out of milk to make it Lactose-Free	[ "The lactose isn't filtered out. Instead, an enzyme (lactase) is added to the milk which breaks down the lactose. This is also why lactose free milk is sweeter, since the sugars that make up the lactose are sweeter than lactose itself." ]	[ "The vocals were never there in the first place. You're just hearing the instrumental track before the vocals were mixed in. The little bit of vocals you're hearing is because a mic for an instrument is picking it up. Technically, it is possible to take vocals out by mixing in just the vocal track at the same exa...
Why do we pronounce "thinking" as thing-king and not as thin-king?	[ "Because the word is think + ing. It's not a compound word of thin + king." ]	[ "Forming words and sentences is a different skill set to matching heard words with their translated counterpart. You can hear cheval and connect that with a horse but being able to know you want the word for horse and that the word is cheval is harder. Basically multiple choice being easier versus short answer on ...
What happens when you hear your fridge 'kick on' and then the lamp in the living room dims for a half a second?	[ "This can happen with any electric motor. When the motor is spinning, it also functions as a generator, counteracting the incoming power and reducing overall power usage. When it is stopped this is not happening, so the motor draws a lot more power. So, when a motor is starting, it draws a lot more power before it ...	[ "You probably have a router or a switch that lets you connect several computers at once to your single internet connection. Simply put, your ISP has larger, more powerful routers and switches that Connect the neighbourhood to a larger part of the internet. something with these probably failed. it could be a softwar...
Is it possible to melt diamond?	[ "See the phase diagram [here](_URL_0_). At normal pressures and high temperatures (over 4000 Kelvin), carbon actually sublimates, or turns into a gas. Before it reaches that point, it looks like you get a transition from diamond (which is actually metastable in normal conditions) and graphite. But if you increase ...	[ "There are a lot of people in the world who don't care about laws, or the laws of other countries, or the property rights of other people. For example if you stole a piece of art from someone in England that a wealthy member of the royal family in Saudi Arabia wanted they probably don't care at all that it was stol...
Why do some of us find it so much more satisfying to eat yogurt off of a smaller spoon?	[ "Surface area difference of food to taste buds/nasal passages. Sipping a drink versus chugging a drink makes for very different tasting experiences." ]	[ "Imma answer your question, but first let me tell you about this time I watered the lawn on a warm july afternoon, there were clouds in the sky and childrens laughter.... ok seriously, who knows, maybe they just like to hear themselves type, or create an emotional connection to the recipe, perhaps they are just kil...
Why is it when I look into a mirror without my glasses, the reflection is of a far away object is blurry.	[ "Because it is a mirror, not a television. It is only reflecting the light it receives, so it is almost the same as just looking at the tree, except mirrored of course." ]	[ "They use a device called an [autorefractor](_URL_0_). It projects an image onto the retina, and uses a camera to see if the image in is focus. It then rapidly adjusts the focus of the projector until the image on the retina is in focus, which allows it to calculate how out-of-focus your eye is. They often uses aut...
Has there ever been an American that was successful in British politics?	[ "Nancy Astor, who was born in Virginia as Nancy Witcher Langhorne, took Waldorf Astor as her second husband and was the first woman to actually take her seat in the House of Commons (though she was not the first woman to be elected to the House of Commons; Countess Markievicz had that distinction, but was inconveni...	[ "This submission has been removed because it is [soapboxing](_URL_1_.), [promoting a political agenda, or moralizing](_URL_0_). We don't allow content that does these things because they are detrimental to unbiased and academic discussion of history." ]
Why newlyweds should get blood tests	[ "I'm sure someone can explain this better than I can, but its basically to see if they can have children and what their children's immunities and what not would closely correlate too. Again... I'm sure someone can explain this better than I, but it has more to do with the children they might have than an aids test,...	[ "As far as I know, it's just for census purposes. Some businesses like to keep track of these things, to prove via statistics that they aren't discriminating." ]
What happened to the common Roman name Gaius	[ "Is it connected at all to the name Guy?" ]	[ "Sorry for the delay in seeing this! Unfortunately, I'm not quite sure what section of Arrian you refer to - I'd be more than happy to take a look at the Greek, but I'd need a place to look, first :) Would you be able to get me the section or a quote of the passage you refer to?" ]
Why are commercials advertised for Hardees, Sonics and Carl's Jr despite no restaurants located in that region of the country?	[ "This is from 2008: _URL_0_ Better deal to buy nationwide advertising instead of of a regional area, and it can build hype up. I know where I grew up, they built a Sonic and it was popular at first, no it's not the south either." ]	[ "Cost. Where I grew up cable wasn't an option because they would have to run cable 20 miles from their nearest line at the time and even if 100% of the people in my area subscribed, it wouldn't generate enough revenue to make up for the installation costs, not to mention maintenance and repair. It's still not avail...
Why did our mother cat start hating her kittens after they grew up?	[ "Her maternal instinct wore off. Once a cat's kittens grow up she doesn't feel the need to care for them any more. She starts treating them as she would any other cat. Some cats seem to form a semi-permanent family bond with their kittens but others don't. Kind of like humans." ]	[ "One of the main ways animals distinguish prey animals from predators is by the eyes. The eyes on prey animals tend to point to the sides, while a predator's eyes are directed forward. Another crucial factor in how animals behave around others is apparent size. I don't know if you were expecting the rabbit to be fr...
What is the difference between scientific law and scientific theory?	[ "I believe it goes like this: Laws dictate a specific relationship between two or three things, they tend to be able to be represented as an equation or several, at least as I've come across them. They are observable, provable and very difficult to deny, though they might have limitations (Newtons laws when dealing...	[ "> how it really amounts to a bunch of bologna I don't have an answer, but I do need to point out that bologna = lunch meat. Baloney = nonsense." ]
Does the size of an object passing through the sound barrier have an effect on the force of the shock wave?	[ "Are you asking about the amplitude or the shape? The shape of the object determines the shape, and larger objects will in general lead to stronger shock waves." ]	[ "Have you ever wondered what's inside your bouncy ball? Imagine it was too small to cut but you really, really wanted to know. What you might want to try is throwing it into something so hard that it breaks and you can see the smaller parts. Of course, if you only have another bouncy ball because that's the only th...
Why do dogs have to sniff around so much before they relieve themselves?	[ "They are searching for the scent marks of other dogs/animals. Those other dogs are rivals to the territory that they claim so they will attempt to cover their scents with their own if they find them." ]	[ "The chemistry is described [here] (_URL_0_): the sulphur compounds in smelly substances react with the steel and are neutralised." ]
Why can't cellphones use the radio without headphones?	[ "They use the headphones as antennas to receive the radio signals" ]	[ "I've been taught that the real actual reason is the period of time during takeoff and landing while the plane is below 10,000ft is the time when an accident is most likely to take place. Basically, they want you paying attention to what is happening rather than dicking around on your phone. Source: Studied aviatio...
Why are Baseball teams forced to play so many games compared to other sports?	[ "Baseball requires more games to determine which is the better team. A very good baseball team only wins 65% of thier games. Also, as others have mentioned, baseball is less grueling than many other sports, so they can play almost every day." ]	[ "It has to do with the contracts the networks sign for the show. Typically shows are contracted by the season - but often they will buy a season with a certain number of episodes with an option to buy more episodes under that contract if the show is successful. For example - They will sign a contract for 1 season o...
How is Napoleon viewed in Europe outside France?	[ "In britain most of our older history books show him rather patronisingly as the second worst little man from the continent for whom we all had to put down our responibilities running the world for a little while to stamp on." ]	[ "As a followup, how was Nixon covered prior to that? Was he mentioned often at all?" ]
why do kids seem to get nosebleeds so much more often than adults?	[ "My guess would be that kids tend to pick their noses a lot more than adults." ]	[ "If I had to guess, maybe fresh running water is generally cooler than a stagnant pool? Probably an evolutionary thing." ]
Why was only hydrogen and helium created at the big bang and not heavier elements?	[ "Because the universe wasn't hot enough for long enough for fusion of heavy elements to occur. [Wikipedia has more info](_URL_0_)." ]	[ "Carbon based is thought to be the most likely form of life possible, but certainly not the only one possible. There have been ideas about Silicon being a potential candidate for life forms for example. Carbon is still one of the best options because not only is it very abundant in the universe but carbon can rea...
What happens with excess electricity from a generator?	[ "If there really was excess electricity because the motor speed was too high, the voltage would rise. Voltage fluctuation is acceptable within certain limits, but past a certain point it could damage the devices attached to it. Generators you can buy have regulators to prevent this from happening - see [here] (_URL...	[ "Imagine you have a computer on your house. Now you want to connect that computer to your friend 100 miles away. How do you do it? You could lay a 100 mile cable, but do you have the permissions to dig up roads and pathways? You would use a company whose cables were already there, and just use that network of cab...
Why is it illegal in the United States to collect rainwater?	[ "It isn't usually, but in the places where it is illegal, the argument is that rainwater is a shared resource and, by collecting water, you are preventing other people from accessing that resource." ]	[ "Energy consumption, pure and simple. RO membranes, hydrolysis, evaporation, etc., all take energy. A lot of it." ]
Bees help pollinate flowers, are there any examples of mammals doing this?	[ "Bats are frequently pollinators (_URL_0_). I'm sure there are other mammals, though I cannot think of any from the top of my head. Humans, of course, frequently pollinate flowers on purpsose, and we are indeed mammals, so there's that." ]	[ "For an interesting academic read on the subject, see Painter and Lotz's book Phenomenology and the Non-Human Animal, which is the most oft cited resource on the subject of animal interiors. [You can read the fulltext here and download as a PDF.](_URL_2_) People who study this, Phenomenologists (in the realm of p...
What was Japan’s plan for China during the Second Sino-Japanese War?	[ "[This exact question](_URL_0_) was actually posted earlier today, and there's a great answer by /u/parksungjun (elaborated on by /u/hellcatfighter) in that thread." ]	[ "Two reasons: 1) By the time the Mauryans had reached far south enough to have a border with the Tamilkam states, Ashoka had already converted to Buddhism. So for religious reasons, he did not want to wage any more wars. 2) The Tamilkam states and Sri Lanka were effectively all vassals of the Mauryans. So even if...
Since protons have mass would 2 protons try to go towards each other, but then repel at a certain (closer) distance because they are both positive?	[ "Because of gravity, you mean? The gravitational force between two protons at a distance r is F_g_ = Gm_p_^(2)/r^(2). The electrostatic force between them is F_e_ = ke^(2)/r^(2). The ratio of these two forces at any distance is F_e_/F_g_ = ke^(2)/Gm_p_^(2) ~ 10^(36). Note that this is a constant, indepe...	[ "Thrusters don't work by thrusting \"against\" anything. They work based on the conservation of momentum. When you throw something in one direction, what remains has to move in the opposite direction for the momentum of the entire system to remain the same. Imagine standing on a skating rink wearing ice skates and ...
Why do so many common telephone scammers request payment in google play gift cards?	[ "There are sites that will pay you cash (a fraction of the face value, mind you) for gift cards and gift card codes. Take the ill gotten card codes, launder them for cash." ]	[ "Here's a tidbit from getting mail back from the exploration expeditions in the late 1700s and early 1800s back from, say, Africa, or at least Mungo Park did this when he set out looking for the Niger and many others under Joseph Banks did the same. On the back of these letters, they'd say that whoever delivered th...
Why does "The People's Republic of China" have the word republic in it when clearly the country is not one?	[ "What makes it so obviously not a republic? It certainly isn't a monarchy." ]	[ "Reuters is a news agency that sells articles to other people, so that they can publish it and make money. Since Reuters wants to sell their articles to both MSNBC and Fox News, and both of their online sites, and both conservative and liberal newspapers, they make their articles as much of \"just the facts.\" that...
Why do movie/games producers use voice actors with awful fake accents instead of actors with that accent?	[ "Because they use the same actor for multiple roles to minimize costs. I think Oblivion had something like 4 actors doing the whole game." ]	[ "Imagine a needle in a haystack that is 10 kilometers wide, and there are only 10 people designated to finding said needle. It would take them an insanely long time. They might find a few of the needles in their allotted time frame, but likely not all of them. When a game is released to the public, it's the same wa...
Why are some emotions and sensations (such as laughter or pain) so automatically reflected in our facial expressions to the point where in some situations it is impossible to keep a neutral expression?	[ "Facial expression is probably the most important non-verbal cue we have. The types we have control over are the forced expressions (i.e. smiling when we don't mean it, or acting surprised at a known outcome). But the vast majority of facial expressions - like the ones you are describing - are controlled by more pr...	[ "People will tell you how developing the photo took a long time, this is actually not true since the exposure time were shortened to a few seconds by 1850's. The biggest reason is photography at the time was an alternative to getting your portrait painted. They viewed it as a serious thing thing to do, so they kept...
Having a hard time wrapping my mind around "time."	[ "The theory of relativity does say the perception of time is different relative to your perception. The easiest way to understand time is, time is movement; that is without time, there would be no movement. In regards to some of your other comments: To also correct some of your thinking. A rose is a rose, by any o...	[ "The super super simple version is this: Rulers and clocks change based on where the observer is located. But the laws of physics do not change, and are the same in every frame of reference. A slightly more complex (but still accessible) explanation can be found [here](_URL_0_)." ]
Why dont website creators just rebadge sites that they have already made?	[ "Web designers DO do this. They reuse code snippets, templates, etc. all the time. Perhaps your designer either 1) hasn't done what you're asking, or 2) has done what you're asking for but wants to bill you like it's a custom job. What kind of website are you looking to have built? What's your designer chargin' ya?...	[ "Nothing is stopping them. [ReactOS](_URL_0_) is a binary-compatible windows clone, for example. As for Apple's OS X, it itself is a clone/fork of [FreeBSD](_URL_1_)." ]
Hey askscience, how exactly do our bodies maintain their temperature?	[ "Since humans are endotherms, there are many neural mechanisms that contribute to homeostasis of our body temperature. As bluecoconut mentioned, chemical reactions are always occurring, releasing heat as a byproduct (often). If the the body temperature drops even a fraction of a degree, neural mechanism initiate he...	[ "We have a pretty stong understanding of anatomy and cellular biology. Its not a big guess we just actually know what we are made up of... We gained that knowledge through centuries of medical science, chemistry and biology. So put more bluntly, we measured it." ]
Why Futbol medical staff still use 6 man stretchers and not carts to quickly get on and off the field?	[ "There's people who go to university to learn how to manage the grass at these types of stadiums. They generally don't let vehicles of any sort on the grass at stadiums. It's a major issue for them and they invest a lot of time, energy and money in maintaining it." ]	[ "HIPAA only restricts certain types of organizations from revealing health information (basically healthcare providers and insurers, plus their agents). The Hospital---without a release from the patient---couldn't say much of anything about a famous person's injury or treatment, but the coach or the team can. It is...
LI5 -- The discrepancies between Fahrenheit and Celsius.	[ "Celsius was derived fairly simply. Basically the freezing point and boiling point of water were set and the difference between them divided in 100 segments. This is sometimes referred to as centigrade. Centi being 100. Farenheit was derived from taking the freezing point of pure water and salt water and divided by...	[ "Yarr, ye forgot yer searchin' duties, for ['twas asked by those what came before ye!](_URL_0_) Enjoy yon molderin' explanations, and remember [rule 9](_URL_1_)." ]
Who are the 'Ukrainian separatists'? Is it just Russians that are pretending to be Ukrainian, or really Ukrainian civilians who are rebelling against their own country?	[ "You should be aware that Ukraine has a lot of citizens who are ethnic Russians. It's generally understood that Ukraine's ethnic Russian minority is more friendly to Russia than the current Ukrainian government and they're believed to make up the bulk of the separatists. No one knows for sure if actual citizens of ...	[ "Radioactivity isn't like a field that permeates an area; it's more like light (indeed, many types of radiation ARE light). A radioactive particle is something that emits light and other particles that are damaging to the complex chemistry that makes up life. When Reactor #4 at Chernobyl exploded, it didn't make t...
What did public perception of Adolf Hitler look like in the US and Germany from ~1930 - 1950?	[ "I am not a historian of Germany or the US by any means, so I don't have a real answer for you. However, I saw a [reprint of a 1932 article about Hitler from The Atlantic a while back](_URL_0_). Call it a primary source. Read that, and you'll how at least one prominent US publication perceived him." ]	[ "Hi there -- while we've approved this question, we would like to remind potential respondents of our [current events](_URL_0_) (AKA \"20-year\") rule -- it's fine to discuss events through 1997 (inclusive) and their effects, but not events after 1997. Thanks!" ]
Why is the surface of Mars covered in many tiny boulders, with no larger ones or rock formations?	[ "I may not be a planetologist, but I think there's a big reason that everyone else is missing here. Mars landers are fragile things. The last thing NASA or anyone else wants to do is have one crash into a big boulder or topple over on a steep hillside. So NASA very specifically chooses landing sites they know _lack...	[ "Because the ships are designed for functionality with the least amount of weight--not aesthetics. Function over form. Regarding the personal items floating around--depends. Lots of items are secured in place with adhesive velcro pads or bungee cords. It's not really the norm to have a bunch of junk floating all ov...
Are there any hypothesis/theories out there to explain why Protons always have a large mass while Electrons are small?	[ "An electron is a fundamental particle. A proton is three quarks, bonded together. A very large proportion of the mass of a proton actually comes, basically, from the bonds rather than the quarks themselves. So it's to do with the substructure of the proton, and the lack thereof in the electron." ]	[ "Atoms and molecules that have a positive or negative charge are called ions. Neuron cells make up the nerves that run from your brain, through the spinal cord, and then branch off to the rest of the body. A nerve impulse (signal) is propagated by a difference in electric potential between the exterior of the membr...
Why do people often feel nauseous when they have a headache or a concussion?	[ "Because the neurons that control vomit are in our head, and a concussion or high intracranic pressure (which often causes headache) might have an effect on those neurons causing their activation." ]	[ "You have a [Vestibulo-ocular reflex](_URL_0_) which automatically corrects your gaze to accommodate any self-initiated head movement. To demonstrate this reflex, nod your head. Your eyes will automatically move counter to the direction of your head in order to keep these words fixed on your retina. Jaw movements d...
Why are Asthma Inhalers prescription only?	[ "The same reason any drug requires a prescription, the drug has an unexceptionable level of possible harm to consumers. In addition having several possible side effects, if misused it can lead to renal failure. Getting a prescription is easy if you need one, this girl had an inhaler she was denied by idiotic school...	[ "The airlines want to be able to fill every seat. If they make a rule that says you have to check in, and people don't check in, they'll sell your seat so that the plane stays full. It's more profitable for them to do this." ]
The concepts of "proof" and "theorem" in mathematics.	[ "Theorems are usually important results which show how to make concepts solve problems or give major insights into the workings of the subject. They often have involved and deep proofs. Propositions give smaller results, often relating different definitions to each other or giving alternate forms of the definition....	[ "Lots of classes you take aren't about practical application, they're about teaching you to think and wiring your brain in certain ways. Think of it like a football player. A football player can go to the gym and do squats and bench presses. Now at no time on the field is he going to be required to lift 300 pounds ...
Why did my Italian Cream Soda turn into half a cup of gelatinous foam?	[ "Club soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide. Over time the CO2 will eventually fall out of solution and bubble away. That's why soda goes flat over time. When you poured in the half and half it gave the CO2 bubbles a place to start forming and caused way more CO2 than normal to come out of solution." ]	[ "Remember when you played with play dough as a kid. If you mixed all the colors up you just end up with a big brown lump?" ]
What happens when two neutrinos collide?	[ "Well, those collisions almost never happen, although they are likely a lot more common in supernovae when there is a huge density of them. There are a few potential interactions, including basic scattering, annihilation, production of leptons. There are experiments looking for something called neutrino-less double...	[ "The P=NP problem is basically asking \"Is it just as fast to solve a math problem as it is to check the answer?\" P and NP are a couple ways mathematicians talk about how fast certain kinds of math can be done. Some think these might be just as fast as each other, but they haven't managed to prove it one way or th...
Why is sticky marijuana considered a "good" thing?	[ "The answers so far are close. The \"crystals\" are actually called [trichomes](_URL_0_) and contain all the good stuff like THC, CBD, terpenes, and cannabinoids. These crystals are less like actual crystals and more like tiny bubbles of resin. When you handle the marijuana, you pop the trichomes and release the re...	[ "When you step out of bath the water will stick together and fall off you, but when you're taking a shower, the water drops will stay on your body." ]
Submariners, from the point of view of the crew aboard. Once submerged, do subs ever experience "rough seas"?	[ "Former Trident sailor here. I'd guess that 25% of the crew puked at some point, every patrol. It's noticeable. Sea sickness pills were common issue. The worst I ever saw was 35 degree rolls to each side (port and starboard) at 350ft (106.7m) deep, under a tropical storm in the Atlantic Ocean. So, yes-- on an Ohi...	[ "If somebody is slipping you enough of the substance for you to get addicted, you'll be able to feel it unless you're in a coma or something. The animal part of your brain will start making the connection with whatever it was you did to get the drug & you'll feel compelled to go do that action again. Just like the ...
How do people die from a drug overdose by using drugs you ingest? Wouldn’t your body just throw it up?	[ "> Wouldn’t your body just throw it up? No, the body doesn't magically know to throw up anything which is harmful to it. Only certain kinds of things can trigger the reflex to vomit and it isn't always the harmful stuff. Drugs which humans can make are not something the body is adapted to cope with. Another issue i...	[ "Because the paths between your nose/mouth and stomach/lungs all intersect at one point and there's a flap that moves based on whether you want stuff to go to your stomach or lungs. You can't do both because of the nature of the flap. It's either the esophagus or the trachea." ]
Is Lockheed's new 'compact' fusion reactor concept legit?	[ "A handful of years ago a US Naval project to build a compact fusion reactor was de-classified. Read about it here: _URL_0_ Although this has yet to demonstrate net power output it fits the description of the Lockheed device with regards size. Given that the start of Lockheed's research effort in this field coincid...	[ "Looking at their site and what I know of the state of the field I'd say that they are: * Genuine researchers interested in anti-aging technology * Using the fact that supplements don't need to be FDA approved to put out a product that they don't have to back up with clinical trials^(#) * Probably using money from ...
1st Year research paper -- I am a bit stuck on what to do next...	[ "I recommend that you ask whether the classic Viking funeral with the burning boat ever occurred. There is plenty of archaeological evidence consisting of gravesites surrounded by stones arranged in the shape of a boat, and there are a few buried vessels used as graves, so the archaeology is good for this sort of g...	[ "Thank you for your submission! Unfortunately, your submission has been removed for the following reason(s): You can find the basic answer with a google / wiki search. Please start there and come back with a more specific question. If you disagree with this decision, please send a [message to the moderators.](_URL...
Why do so many people on Reddit and the Internet seem to hate the poor? What gives?	[ "You went from justifying begging over working to persecution, demonizing, and genocide. It's actually much less simple and less sinister than that. People generally don't like those who would rather leech off of others instead of trying to earn things for themselves. The assumption when someone gives to the poor i...	[ "\"Just about everyone here\" Where is \"here\" for you? It sounds like your question's premise is based on a small sample set based on personal observation. Before your question is addressed, you should be making sure the premise is valid..." ]
If there's a full moon on Christmas 2015 and there hasn't been one since 1977, how can there be one again so soon in 2034?	[ "At first glance, the phases of the moon should shift by 11 days per year (365 days is 12 lunar months plus 11 extra days), and so the dates of the full moons should repeat every 33 years. However, a lunar month isn't exactly a whole number of days, and neither is a solar year. The pattern of leap years in one 33 y...	[ "The ionosphere has a different composition at night then during the day due to the sun's rays not hitting it at night. Finland is very far North, and being the winter time the ionosphere is hit by very limited sun rays. The Ionosphere reflects certain radio waves, thus allowing you to hear stations from much farth...
What's the difference between Typical Linux Hosting and "Wordpress Hosting" that hosting companies offer.	[ "Usually if someone offers \"wordpress hosting\" they're offering a setup where once you pay them, you have your own Wordpress instance setup and ready to go, little effort required by you. This is a preferable option for people who are less technical: you get to \"the good stuff\" that much faster and have less to...	[ "Most websites don't care what ads appear. They only care about how much the ad pays per click. So if the website (say reddit) has both a malware ad and a legit say amazon ad, and the malware ad payed $1.50 per click where as amazon payed $0.60 per click they would prefer the malware to stay. Although they cant rea...
Why does cutting steel with a band saw cause it to become magnetic?	[ "As metal grinds past another metal the innate magnetic fields in the metals force each other to align and boom magnetism." ]	[ "Water is really great at transferring heat energy out of you (that's what the sensation of cold is, the transfer of heat out of your body). Air, not as good. & #x200B; Put 2 benches in a room at, say 20 degrees C. One is made of stainless steel, one is made of wood. & #x200B; Both of them will measure at 20 degr...
people eat blue cheese, which is mouldy. But why do we throw out shredded cheese that goes mouldy?	[ "Different kind of mold. The mold on a blue cheese is not bad for you, but the mold that grows on top of cheese in your refrigerator may make you sick." ]	[ "It has to do with the lifetime for decay of the fluorescent molecule from an excited state to a lower energy state. Typically in light emitting bulbs you have to excite the atoms to a higher energy state and then they will eventually relax down to the lower state and emit light as they do so. How long they stay in...
Why chapstick is also sunscreen	[ "Simply put, it is in order to prevent sunburn on your lips. This actually happens to people and can worsen chapped lips or be the reason you are using chapstick in the first place." ]	[ "If you have ever used a solar powered calculator inside you know the answer to that." ]
Could we have better & bigger telescopes based on the moon compared to the orbital ones around the earth?	[ "Yes, this is something that has been considered. It hasn't been done yet because it's been too expensive, and for many telescopes you don't gain much over just putting it into orbit. But there has been discussion on putting a radio telescope on the far side of the Moon. The advantage here is the Moon would block...	[ "Because the mirror only bends the path of light, without refocusing it. The optical distance between your eyes and the remote object is still long." ]
If mp3 involves lossy compression and zip files involve lossless compression, why aren't digital music files zip files?	[ "There are lossless compression algorithms like [FLAC](_URL_0_) designed specifically for audio; they get better compression ratios than general-purpose compressors like [deflate](_URL_1_). However, FLAC can only compress audio down to about 50-60% of the original size, which is something like 700-800 kbit/sec; wit...	[ "> It does, actually - put several racks of frozen food in your oven and they will need to cook longer than if each tray were put in separately. > But for lower quantity circumstances, you're basically right. The reason is that the conventional oven keeps the environment at a constant temperature (up to a point, a...
Biologically speaking, what happens when you get your "second wind?"	[ "No one completely knows, but the leading theories are: * Your body, out of glucose, has just switched over to using fats and proteins for energy * Endorphins kick in, giving you a high that makes you less hampered by the discomfort of exhaustion * It's purely psychological" ]	[ "I'm sorry that I'm no expert, but I remember reading about this the last time a similar question was asked: _URL_0_ Basically, you percieve time faster after your run because of endorphines released during the work out, which means that the music seems slower. This is apparently also why a lot of rock musicians pl...
What is the biological reasoning that certain melodies can make us feel happy or excite us, while others can alter our mood for the worse?	[ "We hear with our brains. This is music theory. Music theory is comprehensive. All the music played is in keys. The notes played are selected because of harmonies. Musicians know that they can play in major keys, or minor keys, or they can play the blues. Either all the notes harmonize in a major chord, or in a dif...	[ "In true ELI5 fashion: imagine that every molecule of a medication is a tiny key- and by taking the medication, you release millions of those keys into your bloodstream, where they can reach the cells of your body. On the surface of every cell are one or more tiny locks- billions of locks. And by design, the key...
Why don't toilets have an overflow hole to keep them from overflowing all over the floor? (Like sinks do)	[ "Because it wouldn't do any good. If a toilet is clogged, an overflow isn't going to magically allow the water to drain around the clog. If you stuffed a bunch of toilet paper down your sink's drain, the overflow hole wouldn't help in that case either." ]	[ "the heat would require a heat source, electricity or natural gas. Some places may not have the infrastructure to handle that currently, so it would cost a hefty sum just to get that working, and a pretty penny to keep it working. Secondly you would need to collect the waste water, which again, would require infras...
The Korean Won is pretty inflated (1$ = 1000₩). What's stopping the Korean government from simply dropping the 3 zeroes?	[ "The won isn't inflated. It's just a different currency system. Inflation describes a change over time. If ten years ago 1 USD was equal to 1 KRW and now 1 USD is 1000 KRW, that would be inflation. But if ten years ago 1 USD was still roughly equal to 1000 KRW (which it was) then that isn't inflation. Having a syst...	[ "Supply and Demand. Company A makes and sells widgets in China. They use Chinese Yuan to buy the supplies for the widgets, pay the workers making the widgets, and receive as payment for the widgets. I am an American with US Dollars in my pocket, and I want to buy widgets from Company A. To do that, I need to posses...
Other than in circles, where does pi show up?	[ "No where. If you see a pi in an equation, then you're using a circle somewhere. Sometimes it might require some looking, but the presence of a pi means that you'll find a circle somewhere. Same thing for factorials. If you see n! somewhere in an equation, then you're counting how many ways you can order n things s...	[ "You know how authors write long stories using letters and words and the rules of grammar and writing? Its just like that. With enough knowledge of how to read (math), these kinds of explanations make sense. Dont feel bad that you cant read it. Its just like if you tried to read a story in a language you dont know....
The majority of North Africa people is berber or arab ?	[ "At what point in time do you want to know this for?" ]	[ "hi! you may be interested in this earlier post * [Why do the characters on pre-war Japanese empire propaganda posters look so much more stereotypically East Asian (straight black hair and slanted eyes) than characters from anime and manga produced after the war?](_URL_0_)" ]
Do we have a 3D map of the objects surrounding our solar system, let's say within 100LY? Could we actually see ahead where our solar system is heading in our remote branch of the milky way?	[ "Yes we have 3d maps, [Wikipedia has one](_URL_1_) (scroll down). But maps like that are a bit tricky because it's hard to see the depth. Quick googling got [this interactive map](_URL_3_) that you can rotate freely. It's not quite quite 100 LY. You can also try standalone programs which have much bigger catalogues...	[ "Parallax works for things close by, out to several hundred light years. Take an angular measurement in January, and another in June, and check the difference. The difference in angular position and the size of the Earth's orbit can be used to make the trigonometric calculation of distance. [See this graphic](_URL_...
What determines the brittleness or flexibility of a metal?	[ "The short answer is it’s complicated. Steel is really a composite material with different grains of different chemical and crystal structures. Mechanical Engineers usually take a materials course with the majority of the time spent on this topic. Basically steel can have lots of properties depending on how much ca...	[ "You just have to memorize the chart. There's no trick to it. You should get used to this if you will eventually have to take Organic Chemistry. Here's a [picture](_URL_0_) of the chart to help you out. All you really need to do is figure out how many chemical bonds you have, and how many lone pairs you have, and t...
how does active noise canceling work on earphones/headphones	[ "It works by hearing what is going on around you through a microphone and then adding a frequency that is the opposite of what the outside noise is. Waves are interesting in that if you add two waves with opposite frequencies together you can cancel them out completely. For example, let's say that a number is a so...	[ "The materials before doping are neutral and the dopant atoms are neutral so the resultant doped materials are neutral. What changes is the number of *conduction* holes or electrons. The dopant atoms have different electronic structures allowing for this to happen as /u/sxbennett described." ]
How would Laws of Thermodynamics effect an Infinitely long row of Dominos?	[ "In the initial set-up every domino is put in a state which is not it’s lowest energy state - that is, by standing on one edge it has some gravitational potential energy which the laws of thermodynamics ‘wants’ it to release (by falling over), but the careful act of balancing them on an edge is preventing the relea...	[ "Depends what you mean by \"know\". We assume this to be true because we have no mechanism for it NOT to be true, and we have seen zero evidence to contradict it. It is like asking, do you KNOW there aren't dragons that we haven't detected?" ]
Why do pancakes/pop tarts smoke in the microwave after only 1 minute?	[ "Pop tarts don't belong in there for a minute. At most, 15 seconds. You are delivering too much energy into something that can't take it and will start igniting bits of the food." ]	[ "Food stamps cannot be used for prepared food. The food you get from Subway is ready to eat. The pizza you get from Papa Murphy's still has to be cooked, so it's in the same category (food stamp wise) as a frozen pizza at the supermarket." ]
Why did the NFL choose the small town, Green Bay, to have an NFL team over Milwaukee and Madison?	[ "The team was founded BEFORE the modern NFL. Back in the early 1900's \"pro football\" was concentrated in the Midwest and tons of towns like GB or Duluth had teams, GB is just the one that survived till the sport got big." ]	[ "The allies had a large number of cities on a list of possible targets. At one point Kyoto, the traditional seat of the emperor was at the top of the list, the idea being that the destruction of such a symbolic city would be incredibly demoralizing. However Sectary of War Henry Stimpson had visited the city on his ...
Why do we get cranky when we are tired?	[ "We get cranky because evaluating our responses to stimuli takes energy, which our brain doesn't want to use, so we just spout off. And our brains also turn off reward hormones, because it doesn't want to be tired. So you're not getting endorphine boosts." ]	[ "Because the animal inside you activates and you engage in \"Predator\" mode, doing everything in order to secure food and guarantee the survival of your species." ]
Why do some liquids "froth" or bubble more than others?	[ "This behviour often results from tensid-like compounds. This means, they have a hydrophilic part (likes to be in water) and a hydrophobic part (hates to be in the the water). To satisfy both parts, these molecules will attach to surfaces, and if all surfaces are covered, form little balls (micelles). Usually, liqu...	[ "Counter pressure. The bottles are pressurized to the equivalent pressure of the soda going in. Bleed a little pressure off and the bottle fills up. remove the fill tube and screw on cap right away. All this is done at near freezing temperatures so the soda isn't as volatile. It's the same way as for beer and spark...

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