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article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
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IL-33 is a tissue-derived cytokine that induces and amplifies eosinophilic inflammation and has emerged as a promising new drug target for asthma and allergic disease . Common variants at IL33 and IL1RL1 , encoding the IL-33 receptor ST2 , associate with eosinophil counts and asthma . Through whole-genome sequencing an... | Only a few genes have been found to play a role in asthma . These include the genes IL33 and IL1RL1 , and sequence variants in the human genome close to these genes were initially found to affect the number of eosinophils , cells that play a role in inflammation of the airways in asthma . Based on this knowledge , we d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"messenger",
"rna",
"alleles",
"pul... | 2017 | A rare IL33 loss-of-function mutation reduces blood eosinophil counts and protects from asthma |
Immune responses and DNA damage repair are two fundamental processes that have been characterized extensively , but the links between them remain largely unknown . We report that multiple bacterial , fungal and oomycete plant pathogen species induce double-strand breaks ( DSBs ) in host plant DNA . DNA damage detected ... | Multicellular organisms are continuously exposed to microbes and have developed sophisticated defense mechanisms to counter attack by microbial pathogens . Organisms also encounter many types of DNA damage and have evolved multiple mechanisms to maintain their genomic integrity . Even though these two fundamental respo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"cellular",
"stress",
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"medicine",
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"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
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"cell",
"processes",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"brassica",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"organisms",
"plant",
"p... | 2014 | Microbial Pathogens Trigger Host DNA Double-Strand Breaks Whose Abundance Is Reduced by Plant Defense Responses |
The evolutionary transition from outcrossing to self-fertilization ( selfing ) through the loss of self-incompatibility ( SI ) is one of the most prevalent events in flowering plants , and its genetic basis has been a major focus in evolutionary biology . In the Brassicaceae , the SI system consists of male and female ... | Since Charles Darwin recognized the extraordinary diversity of plant mating systems , deciphering their origins has been a central theme for evolutionary biologists . Among various sexual systems , the evolution of self-fertilization ( selfing ) from cross-fertilization is one of the most frequent transitions in flower... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"mutation",
"genetic",
"polymorphism",
"genetics",
"plant",
"genetics",
"population",
"genetics",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"ploidy",
"evolutionary",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"gene",
"function"
] | 2012 | Recent Loss of Self-Incompatibility by Degradation of the Male Component in Allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica |
B cell follicles in secondary lymphoid tissues represent an immune privileged sanctuary for AIDS viruses , in part because cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are mostly excluded from entering the follicles that harbor infected T follicular helper ( TFH ) cells . We studied the effects of native heterodimeric IL-15 ( hetIL-15 ) tre... | Heterodimeric interleukin-15 ( hetIL-15 ) , the stable native complex of IL-15 and IL-15 Receptor α ( IL-15/IL-15Rα ) , activates and expands cytotoxic T and NK cells . Based on these properties , hetIL-15 is currently being evaluated in clinical trials in advanced cancer . To explore potential utility in AIDS virus in... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"flow",
"cytometry",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immunology",
"vertebrates",
"cloning",
"animals",
"mammals",
"primates",
"cytotoxic",
"t",
"cells",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"old",
"world",
"monkeys",
"... | 2018 | Treatment with native heterodimeric IL-15 increases cytotoxic lymphocytes and reduces SHIV RNA in lymph nodes |
Melioidosis , caused by the flagellated bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei , is a life-threatening and increasingly recognized emerging disease . Toll-like receptor ( TLR ) 5 is a germline-encoded pattern recognition receptor to bacterial flagellin . We evaluated the association of a nonsense TLR5 genetic variant that... | Melioidosis is a high-mortality infectious disease in Southeast Asia and northern Australia caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei , which is a flagellated , rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium . Understanding protective host immune responses to melioidosis is fundamental for effective vaccine development . A previous stud... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"immune",
"cells",
"body",
"fluids",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"melioidosis",
"immunology",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"developmental",
"bi... | 2017 | A nonsense mutation in TLR5 is associated with survival and reduced IL-10 and TNF-α levels in human melioidosis |
The cerebral cortex performs complex cognitive functions at the expense of tremendous energy consumption . Blood vessels in the brain are known to form stereotypic patterns that facilitate efficient oxygen and nutrient delivery . Yet little is known about how vessel development in the brain is normally regulated . Radi... | The brain is an energy-intensive organ that consumes about 10 times as much energy per unit volume as the rest of the body . It therefore requires a highly efficient vascular network for oxygen and nutrient delivery , and as a result compromises in blood vessel networks influence a wide array of brain diseases . Our cu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neurobiology",
"of",
"disease",
"and",
"regeneration",
"neurogenesis",
"cardiovascular",
"anatomy",
"anatomy",
"and",
"physiology",
"neuroscience",
"neuroglial",
"development",
"developmental",
"biology",
"organism",
"development",
"stem",
"cells",
"molecular",
"developmen... | 2013 | Radial Glial Neural Progenitors Regulate Nascent Brain Vascular Network Stabilization Via Inhibition of Wnt Signaling |
The fibrinogen ( Fg ) binding MSCRAMM Clumping factor A ( ClfA ) from Staphylococcus aureus interacts with the C-terminal region of the fibrinogen ( Fg ) γ-chain . ClfA is the major virulence factor responsible for the observed clumping of S . aureus in blood plasma and has been implicated as a virulence factor in a mo... | Staphylococcus aureus ( S . aureus ) is a common pathogen that can cause a range of diseases from mild skin infections to life-threatening sepsis in humans . Some surface proteins on S . aureus play important roles in the S . aureus disease process . One of these bacterial surface proteins is clumping factor A ( ClfA )... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/nosocomial",
"and",
"healthcare-associated",
"infections",
"biophysics/biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"biochemistry/biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"microbiology/cellular",
"microbiology",
"and... | 2008 | A Structural Model of the Staphylococcus aureus ClfA–Fibrinogen Interaction Opens New Avenues for the Design of Anti-Staphylococcal Therapeutics |
There is increasing evidence that heritable variation in gene expression underlies genetic variation in susceptibility to disease . Therefore , a comprehensive understanding of the similarity between relatives for transcript variation is warranted—in particular , dissection of phenotypic variation into additive and non... | Gene expression levels are known to influence common disease susceptibility in humans , with GWAS significant SNPs frequently found in regulatory regions . The expression levels of most genes are influenced by genetic variants , often located close to the gene itself . Expression Quantitative Trait Loci ( eQTL ) mappin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"genome",
"expression",
"analysis",
"genome",
"analysis",
"tools",
"genome",
"complexity",
"genetic",
"networks",
"genome",
"scans",
"trait",
"locus",
"analysis",
"biology",
"genomics",
"transcriptomes"
] | 2013 | Congruence of Additive and Non-Additive Effects on Gene Expression Estimated from Pedigree and SNP Data |
The Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus , similar to other pathogens , binds human complement regulators Factor H and Factor H related protein 1 ( FHR-1 ) from human serum . Here we identify the secreted protein Sbi ( Staphylococcus aureus binder of IgG ) as a ligand that interacts with Factor H by a—to our k... | Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that can live as a commensal but can also cause severe life threatening infections in humans . Upon infection the bacterium is attacked by the host immune system , and in particular by the complement system which forms the immediate , first defence line of innate immun... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology/immune",
"response",
"immunology/innate",
"immunity",
"microbiology",
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections"
] | 2008 | The Staphylococcus aureus Protein Sbi Acts as a Complement Inhibitor and Forms a Tripartite Complex with Host Complement Factor H and C3b |
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ( KSHV ) is an oncogenic herpesvirus associated with various AIDS-related malignancies . Like other herpesviruses , multiple processes required for KSHV lytic replication , including viral transcription , viral DNA synthesis and capsid assembly occur in virus-induced intranuclear... | Molecular chaperones from the HSP70 and HSP90 families have important roles in cell survival . Recent evidence has also implicated their functioning in a variety of diseases , including cancer . As such they have been identified as emerging drug targets . Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ( KSHV ) is an oncogenic... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Hsp70 Isoforms Are Essential for the Formation of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Replication and Transcription Compartments |
The lipid composition of cell membranes has increasingly been recognized as playing an important role in the function of various membrane proteins , including G Protein-Coupled Receptors ( GPCRs ) . For instance , experimental and computational evidence has pointed to lipids influencing receptor oligomerization directl... | The μ-opioid receptor ( MOR ) is an important pharmaceutical target in the treatment of pain . In order to develop novel pain therapies , devoid of the serious side-effects of present opioid analgesics , we need to understand the fundamentals of how MOR works on the molecular level . While some studies suggest that oli... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"crystal",
"structure",
"condensed",
"matter",
"physics",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"membrane",
"receptor",
"signaling",
"lipid",
"signaling",
"crystallography",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organelles",
"g",
"protein",
"coupled",
"receptors",
"lipids",
"solid",
"sta... | 2016 | Impact of Lipid Composition and Receptor Conformation on the Spatio-temporal Organization of μ-Opioid Receptors in a Multi-component Plasma Membrane Model |
Current sequencing methods produce large amounts of data , but genome assemblies based on these data are often woefully incomplete . These incomplete and error-filled assemblies result in many annotation errors , especially in the number of genes present in a genome . In this paper we investigate the magnitude of the p... | The initial publication of the genome sequence of many plants , animals , and microbes is often accompanied with great fanfare . However , these genomes are almost always first-drafts , with a lot of missing data , many gaps , and many errors in the published sequences . Compounding this problem , the genes identified ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"genome",
"sequencing",
"sequence",
"analysis",
"genomics",
"genome",
"evolution",
"genetics",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"comparative",
"genomics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"computational",
"biology",
"molecular",
"biol... | 2014 | Extensive Error in the Number of Genes Inferred from Draft Genome Assemblies |
Male mammals produce sperm for most of postnatal life and therefore require a robust germ line stem cell system , with precise balance between self-renewal and differentiation . Prior work established doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor 1 ( Dmrt1 ) as a conserved transcriptional regulator of male sexual d... | The Dmrt1 gene is a deeply conserved gonadal regulator that is expressed in all mitotic germ cells of the mouse , including spermatogonial stem cells ( SSCs ) . We previously showed that Dmrt1 controls the mitosis/meiosis switch in differentiating mouse spermatogonia . Here we have examined the role of Dmrt1 in undiffe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"meiosis",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"nuclear",
"staining",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"spermatogonia",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"reproductive",
"physiology",
"germ",
"cells",
"developmenta... | 2016 | DMRT1 Is Required for Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell Maintenance and Replenishment |
The control of cutaneous leishmaniasis ( CL ) is facilitated by knowledge of factors associated with the treatment failures in endemic countries . The aim of this evaluation was to identify the potential risk determinants which might affect the significance of demographic and clinical characteristics for the patients w... | Cutaneous leishmaniasis ( CL ) is a serious neglected tropical disease with social stigma and associated disfiguring with health burden , especially in poor endemic regions of the world . Iran is among the seven high burden CL-infected countries . Limited data are available in regarding to CL treatment and related risk... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"health",
"care",
"research",
"design",
"protozoans",
"signs",
"and",
"symptom... | 2019 | Associated-risk determinants for anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with meglumine antimoniate: A cohort study in Iran |
CTP synthase ( CTPsyn ) is essential for the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides . It has been shown that CTPsyn is incorporated into a novel cytoplasmic structure which has been termed the cytoophidium . Here , we report that Myc regulates cytoophidium formation during Drosophila oogenesis . We have found that Myc ... | The coordination of metabolism with cell growth is critical for regulation of organismal development . Therefore there is significant interplay between metabolic enzymes and key developmental regulators such as transcription factors . The enzyme CTP synthase ( CTPsyn ) is essential for metabolic homeostasis as well as ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"rna",
"interference",
"enzymology",
"cloning",
"animals",
"reproductive",
"physiology",
"animal",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"enzyme",
"metabolism",
"molecular",
"biology",
"tech... | 2016 | The Interplay between Myc and CTP Synthase in Drosophila |
Hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) and Golgi protein 73 ( GP73 ) is a serum biomarker for liver diseases and HCC . However , the mechanism underlying GP73 regulates HCV infection is largely unknown . Here , we revealed that GP73 acts as ... | Golgi protein 73 ( GP73 ) is a serum biomarker for liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) . In this study , the authors reveal that GP73 acts as a novel negative regulator of host innate immunity to facilitate hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection . GP73 expression is activated and correlated with IFN-β prod... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"reverse",
"transcriptase-polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"affinity",
"chromatography",
"hepacivirus",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"carcinomas",
"microbiolo... | 2017 | GP73 represses host innate immune response to promote virus replication by facilitating MAVS and TRAF6 degradation |
Mutations in transmembrane inner ear ( TMIE ) cause deafness in humans; previous studies suggest involvement in the mechano-electrical transduction ( MET ) complex in sensory hair cells , but TMIE’s precise role is unclear . In tmie zebrafish mutants , we observed that GFP-tagged Tmc1 and Tmc2b , which are subunits of ... | Hair cells mediate hearing and balance through the activity of a mechanosensitive channel in the cell membrane . The transmembrane inner ear ( TMIE ) protein is an essential component of the protein complex that gates this so-called mechanotransduction channel . While it is known that loss of TMIE results in deafness ,... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"fluorescence",
"imaging",
"fish",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"laboratory",
"equipment",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"ears",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"osteichthyes",
"developmental",
"biology",
"otology",
"inner",
"ear",
"model... | 2019 | Subunits of the mechano-electrical transduction channel, Tmc1/2b, require Tmie to localize in zebrafish sensory hair cells |
Bacterial pathogenicity relies on a proficient metabolism and there is increasing evidence that metabolic adaptation to exploit host resources is a key property of infectious organisms . In many cases , colonization by the pathogen also implies an intensive multiplication and the necessity to produce a large array of v... | Metabolic versatility is a critical element for pathogen’s virulence and their ability to survive in the host . Beyond the necessity to collect resources during infection , pathogens face a resource allocation dilemma: they have to use nutritional resources to proliferate inside the host , and in the other hand they ne... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"bacteriology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"protein",
"metabolism",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"metabolic",
"networks",
"microbiology",
"plant",
"science",
"secretion",
"systems",
"network",
"analysis",
"plant",
"pathology",
... | 2016 | A Resource Allocation Trade-Off between Virulence and Proliferation Drives Metabolic Versatility in the Plant Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum |
The advancement of high-throughput sequencing ( HTS ) technologies and the rapid development of numerous analysis algorithms and pipelines in this field has resulted in an unprecedentedly high demand for training scientists in HTS data analysis . Embarking on developing new training materials is challenging for many re... | In recent years , the advancement of high-throughput sequencing ( HTS ) and the rapid development of numerous analysis algorithms and pipelines in this field have resulted in an unprecedentedly high demand for training scientists in HTS data analysis . Generating effective training materials is time-consuming , and a l... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion",
"Conclusions"
] | [
"education",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"sociology",
"social",
"sciences",
"mathematics",
"statistics",
"(mathematics)",
"genome",
"analysis",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
"genomics",
"bioinformatics",
"w... | 2016 | Training in High-Throughput Sequencing: Common Guidelines to Enable Material Sharing, Dissemination, and Reusability |
The increased transcription of the Cyp6g1 gene of Drosophila melanogaster , and consequent resistance to insecticides such as DDT , is a widely cited example of adaptation mediated by cis-regulatory change . A fragment of an Accord transposable element inserted upstream of the Cyp6g1 gene is causally associated with re... | The study of insecticide resistance has greatly enriched our understanding of the genetic basis of adaptation , because it represents some of the most intense selection pressures acting on any natural population of eukaryote . Thus it can inform us about the limits of natural selection , both in terms of the number and... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"evolutionary",
"biology/evolutionary",
"and",
"comparative",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/population",
"genetics"
] | 2010 | Copy Number Variation and Transposable Elements Feature in Recent, Ongoing Adaptation at the Cyp6g1 Locus |
The endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia pipientis ( wMel strain ) has been successfully established in several populations of Aedes aegypti , the primary dengue vector . The virulent Wolbachia strain wMelPop is known to cause several pathological impacts ( increased egg mortality , life shortening , etc . ) reducing overa... | Dengue is a leading cause of morbidity in the tropics . As a commercial vaccine is not available , control or modification of the mosquito vectors is employed to prevent transmission . Strains of the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia affect the survival and ability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti to transmit dengue .... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Application of wMelPop Wolbachia Strain to Crash Local Populations of Aedes aegypti |
Fear learning is highly adaptive if utilized in appropriate situations but can lead to generalized anxiety if applied too widely . A role of predictive cues in inhibiting fear generalization has been suggested by stress and fear learning studies , but the effects of partially predictive cues ( ambiguous cues ) and the ... | The ability to predict whether an experience will end favorably is critical for well-being . Cues associated with specific outcomes can aid in prediction , enabling adaptive behaviors , but cue-outcome relationships are often difficult to learn or inherently ambiguous . Human studies have suggested that the hippocampus... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"neurogenesis",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"brain",
"vertebrates",
"social",
"sciences",
"mice",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"mammals",
"fear",
"animal",
"behavior",
"zoology",
"developmental",
"neuroscience",
"emotions",
"animal",
"cells",
"behavior",
"fea... | 2017 | Ongoing neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus mediates behavioral responses to ambiguous threat cues |
The neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir is currently used for treatment of patients infected with the pandemic A/H1N1 ( pH1N1 ) influenza virus , although drug-resistant mutants can emerge rapidly and possibly be transmitted . We describe the characteristics of a pair of oseltamivir-resistant and oseltamivir-susceptibl... | During the 2009 pandemic of the novel A/H1N1 ( pH1N1 ) virus , the World Health Organization recommended oseltamivir as first-line agent for treatment of patients with severe infections leading to hospitalization and for those with underlying diseases predisposing to pulmonary complications . Oseltamivir-resistant isol... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/viral",
"infections",
"virology/animal",
"models",
"of",
"infection",
"virology/antivirals,",
"including",
"modes",
"of",
"action",
"and",
"resistance"
] | 2010 | Oseltamivir-Resistant Pandemic A/H1N1 Virus Is as Virulent as Its Wild-Type Counterpart in Mice and Ferrets |
Simultaneous electrical stimulation and recording using multi-electrode arrays can provide a valuable technique for studying circuit connectivity and engineering neural interfaces . However , interpreting these measurements is challenging because the spike sorting process ( identifying and segregating action potentials... | Simultaneous electrical stimulation and recording using multi-electrode arrays can provide a valuable technique for studying circuit connectivity and engineering neural interfaces . However , interpreting these recordings is challenging because the spike sorting process ( identifying and segregating action potentials a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"action",
"potentials",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"membrane",
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"ocular",
"anatomy",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"simulation",
"and",
"mod... | 2017 | Electrical stimulus artifact cancellation and neural spike detection on large multi-electrode arrays |
Many cells in mammals exist in the state of quiescence , which is characterized by reversible exit from the cell cycle . Quiescent cells are widely reported to exhibit reduced size , nucleotide synthesis , and metabolic activity . Much lower glycolytic rates have been reported in quiescent compared with proliferating l... | Many cells in the human body are in a reversible state of quiescence , where they have exited the cell cycle but retain the capacity to re-enter it and divide again . Previous experiments in lymphocytes had suggested that quiescent cells reduce their glucose uptake and metabolic rate . In our studies , we have investig... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"growth",
"and",
"division"
] | 2010 | Quiescent Fibroblasts Exhibit High Metabolic Activity |
The physiological functions of epidermal cells are largely determined by their diverse morphologies . Most flowering plants have special conical-shaped petal epidermal cells that are thought to influence light capture and reflectance , and provide pollinator grips , but the molecular mechanisms controlling conical cell... | How cells achieve their final shapes is a fundamental question in biology . Most flowering plants have special conical-shaped petal epidermal cells that are thought to attract pollinators , but the molecular and genetic mechanisms that control conical cell shape remain unknown . In this study , we developed a live-conf... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"skin",
"plant",
"anatomy",
"trichomes",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"cell",
"motility",
"actin",
"filaments",
"integumentary",
"system",
"microtubules",
"brassica",
"research",
"design",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",... | 2017 | Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals |
Discovery and characterization of functional RNA structures remains challenging due to deficiencies in de novo secondary structure modeling . Here we describe a dynamic programming approach for model-free sequence comparison that incorporates high-throughput chemical probing data . Based on SHAPE probing data alone , r... | Despite the clear functional importance of structure in RNA molecules , it remains very difficult to correctly identify and annotate similar RNA structures because their sequences are often poorly conserved even for RNAs that form very similar higher-order structures . A solution is to use a metric that identifies stru... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Model-Free RNA Sequence and Structure Alignment Informed by SHAPE Probing Reveals a Conserved Alternate Secondary Structure for 16S rRNA |
Information on global human movement patterns is central to spatial epidemiological models used to predict the behavior of influenza and other infectious diseases . Yet it remains difficult to test which modes of dispersal drive pathogen spread at various geographic scales using standard epidemiological data alone . Ev... | What explains the geographic dispersal of emerging pathogens ? Reconstructions of evolutionary history from pathogen gene sequences offer qualitative descriptions of spatial spread , but current approaches are poorly equipped to formally test and quantify the contribution of different potential explanatory factors , su... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"molecular",
"epidemiology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"virology",
"epidemiology",
"population",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"biology",
"spatial",
"epidemiology",
"computational",
"biology",
"viral",
"evolution"
] | 2014 | Unifying Viral Genetics and Human Transportation Data to Predict the Global Transmission Dynamics of Human Influenza H3N2 |
The osteoblast-lineage consists of cells at various stages of maturation that are essential for skeletal development , growth , and maintenance . Over the past decade , many of the signaling cascades that regulate this lineage have been elucidated; however , little is known of the networks that coordinate , modulate , ... | The osteoblast-lineage consists of a range of cells from osteogenic precursors that mature into bone-forming osteoblasts to osteocytes that are entombed in bone . Each cell in the lineage serves a number of distinct and critical roles in the growth and maintenance of the skeleton , as well as many extra-skeletal functi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"systems",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"mouse",
"biology",
"gene",
"networks",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Systems Genetic Analysis of Osteoblast-Lineage Cells |
Several medically important mosquito-borne flaviviruses have been detected in Argentina in recent years: Dengue ( DENV ) , St . Louis encephalitis ( SLEV ) , West Nile ( WNV ) and Yellow Fever ( YFV ) viruses . Evidence of Bussuquara virus ( BSQV ) and Ilheus virus ( ILHV ) activity were found , but they have not been ... | Flaviviruses are responsible for a growing disease burden in Argentina and other countries in the Americas . Non-human primates , such as monkeys , can be important hosts in the natural cycle of several flaviviruses . Yellow Fever virus outbreaks occurred in Argentina during 2007–2009 in areas of Misiones and Corriente... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"dengue",
"virus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"geographical",
"locations",
"microbiology",
"argentina",
"vertebrat... | 2017 | Detection of the mosquito-borne flaviviruses, West Nile, Dengue, Saint Louis Encephalitis, Ilheus, Bussuquara, and Yellow Fever in free-ranging black howlers (Alouatta caraya) of Northeastern Argentina |
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential ( CHIP ) is a recently identified process where older patients accumulate distinct subclones defined by recurring somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells . CHIP’s implications for stem cell transplantation have been harder to identify due to the high degree of mutat... | We investigated the impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential on stem cell transplantation outcomes . Interclonal competition intensity was identified as an important determinant of ultimate hematopoietic trajectory . We also investigated the impact of age-related marrow changes and show that , from a m... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"bone",
"marrow",
"stem",
"cells",
"cloning",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"bone",
"marrow",
"cells",
"stem",
"cells",
"hematopoietic",
"stem",
"cell",
"transplantation",
"molecular",
"biology",
"te... | 2019 | Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and its impact on patient trajectories after stem cell transplantation |
Helminth parasites are known to be efficient modulators of their host’s immune system . To guarantee their own survival , they induce alongside the classical Th2 a strong regulatory response with high levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and elevated plasma levels of IgG4 . This particular antibody was shown in differ... | Lymphatic Filariasis , also known as elephantiasis , infects an estimated 39 million people in 73 tropical and sub-tropical countries . The most severe clinical manifestations of the disease include swelling of the scrotal area and lower limbs ( hydrocele and lymphedema ) . It is well admitted that host immune reactivi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neurochemistry",
"immune",
"cells",
"body",
"fluids",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"immunology",
"neuroscience",
"organic",
"compounds",
"animals",
"brugia",
"granulo... | 2017 | Pathological manifestations in lymphatic filariasis correlate with lack of inhibitory properties of IgG4 antibodies on IgE-activated granulocytes |
Influenza A virus pandemics and emerging anti-viral resistance highlight the urgent need for novel generic pharmacological strategies that reduce both viral replication and lung inflammation . We investigated whether the primary enzymatic source of inflammatory cell ROS ( reactive oxygen species ) , Nox2-containing NAD... | Influenza A virus pandemics are imminent and with emerging anti-viral resistance highlight an ongoing , urgent need for novel generic pharmacological strategies . Ideally these strategies should reduce both viral replication and lung inflammation , irrespective of the infecting strain by modulating the host immune resp... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/viral",
"infections",
"pharmacology",
"respiratory",
"medicine/respiratory",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/respiratory",
"infections"
] | 2011 | Inhibition of Nox2 Oxidase Activity Ameliorates Influenza A Virus-Induced Lung Inflammation |
The zebrafish is a powerful experimental system for uncovering gene function in vertebrate organisms . Nevertheless , studies in the zebrafish have been limited by the approaches available for eliminating gene function . Here we present simple and efficient methods for inducing , detecting , and recovering mutations at... | Many genes are being discovered solely on the basis of their association with a trait or disease , or their relatedness to other known genes , but nevertheless the precise biological functions of these genes remain mysterious . We need new tools to discover the immediate molecular , cellular , and developmental functio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"genetics",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Simple Methods for Generating and Detecting Locus-Specific Mutations Induced with TALENs in the Zebrafish Genome |
Ticks are serious haematophagus arthropod pests and are only second to mosquitoes as vectors of diseases of humans and animals . The salivary glands of the slower feeding hard ticks such as Haemaphysalis longicornis are a rich source of bioactive molecules and are critical to their biologic success , yet distinct molec... | Ticks are notorious ectoparasites that exclusively feed on a host's blood for a period of 10 days or longer . Upon blood-feeding , an adult female tick gains 100–200 times its body weight compared to its pre-feeding stage . Despite the host's armoury of rejection mechanisms , ticks manage to remain attached until a ful... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology/cellular",
"microbiology",
"and",
"pathogenesis",
"developmental",
"biology/developmental",
"molecular",
"mechanisms",
"microbiology/parasitology"
] | 2009 | The Kunitz-Like Modulatory Protein Haemangin Is Vital for Hard Tick Blood-Feeding Success |
Bacteria can acquire new traits through horizontal gene transfer . Inappropriate expression of transferred genes , however , can disrupt the physiology of the host bacteria . To reduce this risk , Escherichia coli expresses the nucleoid-associated protein , H-NS , which preferentially binds to horizontally transferred ... | Horizontal gene transfer among bacteria is the major means of acquiring genetic diversity and has been a central factor in bacterial evolution . The expression of horizontally transferred genes could potentially be optimized to permit the host bacteria to expand their habitat . The results of our study suggest that DNA... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2016 | H-NS Facilitates Sequence Diversification of Horizontally Transferred DNAs during Their Integration in Host Chromosomes |
Household contacts of multibacillary leprosy patients ( HCMB ) constitute the group of individuals at the highest risk of developing leprosy . Early diagnosis and treatment of their index cases combined with Bacille Calmette-Guerin ( BCG ) immunization remain important strategies adopted in Brazil to prevent HCMB from ... | Leprosy remains a global public health issue with an annual new case detection of approximately 200 , 000–250 , 000 patients . The current study targets leprosy patient contacts , who constitute the group of individuals at highest risk of developing the disease . Treatment of the index case ( patient ) and BCG vaccinat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"mycobacterium",
"leprae",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"preventive",
"medicine",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"signs",
"and",
"symptoms",
... | 2017 | Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens |
The number of recombination events per meiosis varies extensively among individuals . This recombination phenotype differs between female and male , and also among individuals of each gender . In this study , we used high-density SNP genotypes of over 2 , 300 individuals and their offspring in two datasets to character... | Meiotic recombination is essential for the formation of human gametes and is a key process that generates genetic diversity . Given its importance , we would expect the number and location of exchanges to be tightly regulated . However , studies show significant gender and inter-individual variation in genome-wide reco... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/complex",
"traits",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/chromosome",
"biology"
] | 2009 | Genetic Analysis of Variation in Human Meiotic Recombination |
Rabies remains a serious problem in China with three epidemics since 1949 and the country in the midst of the third epidemic . Significantly , the control of each outbreak has been followed by a rapid reemergence of the disease . In 2005 , the government implemented a rabies national surveillance program that included ... | Since 1949 , there have been three rabies epidemics in China . The country is currently in the midst of a third epidemic . After the first two epidemics were brought under control , there was a rapid reemergence of the disease . In 2005 , the government implemented a national surveillance program and as part of this wo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"rabies",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"virology",
"epidemiology",
"zoonotic",
"diseases",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"spatial",
"epidemiology",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"diseas... | 2013 | Molecular Phylodynamic Analysis Indicates Lineage Displacement Occurred in Chinese Rabies Epidemics between 1949 to 2010 |
Rift Valley fever ( RVF ) is a vector-borne viral zoonosis of increasing global importance . RVF virus ( RVFV ) is transmitted either through exposure to infected animals or through bites from different species of infected mosquitoes , mainly of Aedes and Culex genera . These mosquitoes are very sensitive to environmen... | Rift Valley fever ( RVF ) is a zoonotic disease that affects domestic livestock and humans . During inter-epizootic periods , the main infection mechanism is suspected to be through bites by infected mosquitoes , mainly of Aedes and Culex genera . In East Africa , RVF outbreaks are known to be closely associated with h... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"spatial",
"epidemiology",
"geoinformatics",
"rift",
"valley",
"fever",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"science",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"geography",
"ve... | 2012 | Combining Hydrology and Mosquito Population Models to Identify the Drivers of Rift Valley Fever Emergence in Semi-Arid Regions of West Africa |
Interspecific hybridization can introduce genetic variation that aids in adaptation to new or changing environments . Here , we investigate how hybrid adaptation to temperature and nutrient limitation may alter parental genome representation over time . We evolved Saccharomyces cerevisiae x Saccharomyces uvarum hybrids... | Organisms are facing rapid alterations to their habitat due to climate change , the introduction of invasive species , habitat fragmentation , and other human mediated transformations . How species will survive and adapt to these changes is one of the biggest questions of our time . Hybridization , or the mating of dif... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"heterozygosity",
"genome",
"evolution",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"phosphates",
"salts",
"cloning",
"alleles",
"mutation",
"fungi",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"saccharomyces",
"research",
"and",
"anal... | 2019 | Temperature preference can bias parental genome retention during hybrid evolution |
The coronaviruses ( CoVs ) are enveloped viruses of animals and humans associated mostly with enteric and respiratory diseases , such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome and 10–20% of all common colds . A subset of CoVs uses the cell surface aminopeptidase N ( APN ) , a membrane-bound metalloprotease , as a cell e... | The cell surface aminopeptidase N ( APN ) , a membranebound metalloprotease target for cancer therapy , is a major cell entry receptor for coronaviruses ( CoVs ) , agents that cause important respiratory and enteric diseases . In some CoVs , the virus envelope spike glycoprotein ( S ) mediates attachment of the virus p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"humoral",
"immunity",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"viral",
"structure",
"viral",
"attachment",
"protein",
"structure",
"glycoproteins",
"immune",
"system",
"proteins",
"viral",
"entry",
"prote... | 2012 | Structural Bases of Coronavirus Attachment to Host Aminopeptidase N and Its Inhibition by Neutralizing Antibodies |
Ischemic strokes have been implicated as a cause of death in Chagas disease patients . Inflammation has been recognized as a key component in all ischemic processes , including the intravascular events triggered by vessel interruption , brain damage and repair . In this study , we evaluated the association between infl... | Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi ( T . cruzi ) , affects 5 . 7 million people worldwide and causes 12 , 000 deaths annually . In the chronic phase of Chagas disease the main cause of death is due to heart failure ( about 80% ) , but cerebral vascular accident or stroke ( about 10% ) contributes to death me... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"inflammatory",
"diseases",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"messenger",
"rna",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"... | 2016 | Inflammation Enhances the Risks of Stroke and Death in Chronic Chagas Disease Patients |
Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne virus which causes epidemics of fever , severe joint pain and rash . Between 2005 and 2010 , the East/Central/South African ( ECSA ) genotype was responsible for global explosive outbreaks across India , the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia . From late 2013 , A... | Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) has caused large epidemics of fever , rash , and joint pain around the world in recent years . Three different CHIKV genotypes exist . Infection with one genotype is likely to lead to immune protection ( or cross-protection ) against future infections with a different genotype . However , li... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"serum",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"togaviruses",
"chikungunya",
"infection",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases"... | 2016 | Antigenic Variation of East/Central/South African and Asian Chikungunya Virus Genotypes in Neutralization by Immune Sera |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) relies on a specialized set of metabolic pathways to support growth in macrophages . By conducting an extensive , unbiased chemical screen to identify small molecules that inhibit Mtb metabolism within macrophages , we identified a significant number of novel compounds that limit Mtb ... | Human beings are the sole ecological niche for M . tuberculosis ( Mtb ) , and it is estimated that 1 . 8 billion people are currently infected with Mtb . An important aspect of this infection is Mtb’s ability to maintain infection by replicating within macrophages . Within macrophages , Mtb exploits a specialized set o... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Novel Inhibitors of Cholesterol Degradation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reveal How the Bacterium’s Metabolism Is Constrained by the Intracellular Environment |
Several highly conserved genes play a role in anterior neural plate patterning of vertebrates and in head and brain patterning of insects . However , head involution in Drosophila has impeded a systematic identification of genes required for insect head formation . Therefore , we use the red flour beetle Tribolium cast... | All bilaterian animals evolved from one common ancestor . Previous gene function analyses have revealed that several genes play a role in the patterning of anterior regions in all bilaterian animals , suggesting similar mechanisms underlying anterior nervous system formation in humans and the patterning of the insect h... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"functional",
"genomics",
"organism",
"development",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"biology",
"genomics",
"comparative",
"genomics",
"pattern",
"formation",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"evolutionary",
"developmental",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Candidate Gene Screen in the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium Reveals Six3 as Ancient Regulator of Anterior Median Head and Central Complex Development |
Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease of humans and is caused by the four serotypes of dengue virus . To estimate the incidence of dengue and other arboviruses , we analyzed the baseline and first year follow-up of a prospective school-based cohort study and their families in three cities in the sta... | Dengue is a major public health problem worldwide . The burden of dengue in Latin America is been increasing in the last years and Mexico is one of the countries with the highest burden in this region . To better understand the transmission of dengue in Mexico we established a school-based prospective cohort study of d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"dengue",
"virus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"chikungunya",
"infection",
"pathogens",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"geographical",
"locations",
"pulmonology",
"viruses",
"... | 2018 | Epidemiology of dengue and other arboviruses in a cohort of school children and their families in Yucatan, Mexico: Baseline and first year follow-up |
Human herpesviruses are important causes of potentially severe chronic infections for which T cells are believed to be necessary for control . In order to examine the role of virus-specific CD8 T cells against Varicella Zoster Virus ( VZV ) , we generated a comprehensive panel of potential epitopes predicted in silico ... | Human herpesviruses can cause a wide range of serious infections . They are extremely common and individuals remain latently infected lifelong , with reactivations often causing recurrent or severe disease . T-cells are important in controlling herpesvirus infections and preventing their reactivation , so vaccines that... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"chickenpox",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"herpes",
"simplex",
"immunology",
"epstein-barr",
"virus",
"infectious",
"mononucleosis",
"sexually",
"transmitted",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"white",
"blood",
"cel... | 2014 | Broadly Reactive Human CD8 T Cells that Recognize an Epitope Conserved between VZV, HSV and EBV |
The pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is the principal cause of bacterial food-borne infections . The mechanism ( s ) that contribute to bacterial survival and disease are still poorly understood . In other bacterial species , type VI secretion systems ( T6SS ) are increasingly recognized to contribute to bacterial pathoge... | Bacteria contain a number of secretion systems to export macromolecules to the environment . The bacterial type VI secretion system ( T6SS ) forms a needle-like structure that delivers toxic effector molecules to neighboring eukaryotic and/or prokaryotic cells . Here we report that the important human pathogen Campylob... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"gram",
"negative",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"pathogenesis",
"campylobacter",
"bacterial",
"pathogens"
] | 2013 | Identification of a Functional Type VI Secretion System in Campylobacter jejuni Conferring Capsule Polysaccharide Sensitive Cytotoxicity |
The development of systemic approaches in biology has put emphasis on identifying genetic modules whose behavior can be modeled accurately so as to gain insight into their structure and function . However , most gene circuits in a cell are under control of external signals and thus , quantitative agreement between expe... | Circadian clocks keep time of day in many living organisms , allowing them to anticipate environmental changes induced by day/night alternation . They consist of networks of genes and proteins interacting so as to generate biochemical oscillations with a period close to 24 hours . Circadian clocks synchronize to the da... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/signaling",
"networks",
"cell",
"biology/plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"molecular",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology/systems",
"biology"
] | 2010 | Robustness of Circadian Clocks to Daylight Fluctuations: Hints from the Picoeucaryote Ostreococcus tauri |
A central question in genomic imprinting is how a specific sequence is recognized as the target for epigenetic marking . In both mammals and plants , imprinted genes are often associated with tandem repeats and transposon-related sequences , but the role of these elements in epigenetic gene silencing remains elusive . ... | Genomic imprinting , mono-allelic gene expression depending on the parent-of-origin , is an epigenetic process known in mammals and flowering plants . A central question in genomic imprinting is how a specific sequence is recognized as the target for epigenetic marking . In both mammals and plants , imprinted genes are... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/epigenetics",
"plant",
"biology/plant",
"genetics",
"and",
"gene",
"expression"
] | 2008 | Evolution and Control of Imprinted FWA Genes in the Genus Arabidopsis |
Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis . Chronic human infection and asymptomatic colonization have been reported . However , renal involvement in those with leptospira chronic exposure remains undetermined . In 2007 , a multistage sampling survey for chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) was conducted in a southern co... | Chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) has a high and increasing worldwide prevalence . Leptospirosis , an important re-emerging infectious disease caused by the pathogenic spirochete Leptospira , is the most widespread zoonosis throughout the world , particularly in tropical and subtropical regions . Chronic human infection a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Overlooked Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease after Leptospiral Infection: A Population-Based Survey and Epidemiological Cohort Evidence |
Localization of objects and events in the environment is critical for survival , as many perceptual and motor tasks rely on estimation of spatial location . Therefore , it seems reasonable to assume that spatial localizations should generally be accurate . Curiously , some previous studies have reported biases in visua... | Almost all daily tasks performed by humans require localizing objects and events . Since spatial localization is critical for survival , it is expected that the brain performs this task accurately . We tested the accuracy of localizing simple sounds and sights in hundreds of human observers . We found that , on average... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Biases in Visual, Auditory, and Audiovisual Perception of Space |
The sensory-motor neuron synapse of Aplysia is an excellent model system for investigating the biochemical changes underlying memory formation . In this system , training that is separated by rest periods ( spaced training ) leads to persistent changes in synaptic strength that depend on biochemical pathways that are d... | Memories are among an individual's most cherished possessions . One factor that has been shown to exert a powerful influence on memory formation is the pattern of training . Learning trials distributed over time have been shown to consistently produce longer lasting memories than trials distributed over short intervals... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"molecular",
"neuroscience",
"behavioral",
"neuroscience",
"model",
"organisms",
"cellular",
"neuroscience",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"signaling",
"networks",
"neuroscience",
"learning",
"and",
"memory"
] | 2011 | The Rates of Protein Synthesis and Degradation Account for the Differential Response of Neurons to Spaced and Massed Training Protocols |
Bacterial chromosomes are organized into polycistronic cotranscribed operons , but the evolutionary pressures maintaining them are unclear . We hypothesized that operons alter gene expression noise characteristics , resulting in selection for or against maintaining operons depending on network architecture . Mathematic... | In some species , most notably bacteria , chromosomal genes are arranged into clusters called operons . In operons , the process of transcription is physically coupled: a single pass of the RNA polymerase enzyme reading that region of the chromosome simultaneously produces messenger RNA encoding multiple proteins . So ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"physics",
"biophysics",
"microbial",
"physiology",
"biophysics",
"theory",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"genomic",
"evolution",
"microbiology"
] | 2012 | Interplay of Gene Expression Noise and Ultrasensitive Dynamics Affects Bacterial Operon Organization |
Both constitutive secretion and Ca2+-regulated exocytosis require the assembly of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment protein receptor ( SNARE ) complexes . At present , little is known about how the SNARE complexes mediating these two distinct pathways differ in structure . Using the Drosophila ne... | Most living cells constantly renew their membrane compositions and frequently communicate with neighboring cells by delivering cargo molecules from small vesicles . A key step in cargo delivery requires the fusion of the vesicle membrane with the target membrane mediated by SNARE proteins . In most cellular compartment... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"cell",
"biology",
"neuroscience",
"drosophila"
] | 2007 | Modification of a Hydrophobic Layer by a Point Mutation in Syntaxin 1A Regulates the Rate of Synaptic Vesicle Fusion |
Essential tremor ( ET ) , a movement disorder characterised by an uncontrollable shaking of the affected body part , is often professed to be the most common movement disorder , affecting up to one percent of adults over 40 years of age . The precise cause of ET is unknown , however pathological oscillations of a netwo... | Essential tremor ( ET ) is acknowledged to be the most common movement disorder affecting 1% of the population . Although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive , the thalamus , cortex and cerebellum are implicated in the underlying pathology . More recently , it has been shown that ET can be successfully treated by ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusions"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"myoclonus",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"neural",
"networks",
"brain",
"brain",
"electrophysiology",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"deep-brain",
"stimulation",
"signs",
"and",
"symptoms",
"brain",
"mapping... | 2017 | A Network Model of Local Field Potential Activity in Essential Tremor and the Impact of Deep Brain Stimulation |
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common microsporidian associated with human disease , particularly in the immunocompromised population . In the setting of HIV infection , it is associated with diarrhea and wasting syndrome . Like all microsporidia , E . bieneusi is an obligate , intracellular parasite , but unlike ... | Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a clinically significant pathogen associated with human microsporidiosis , particularly in immunocompromised individuals . E . bieneusi is widespread in mammals , and there is no effective commercial treatment for infection . The pathogen cannot be readily cultivated , and animal models are l... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genomics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"infectious",
"diseases/gastrointestinal",
"infections"
] | 2009 | Genomic Survey of the Non-Cultivatable Opportunistic Human Pathogen, Enterocytozoon bieneusi |
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria ( NTM ) are different from Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MTB ) both in their ubiquitous environmental distribution and in their reduced capacity to cause disease . While often neglected in favour of other infectious diseases , NTM may interfere with important aspects of TB control and manage... | Non-tuberculous mycobacteria ( NTM ) are a ubiquitous group of mycobacteria found in the environment . They are opportunistic pathogens causing human disease , especially in immunocompromised individuals . Differentiation between NTM infection and tuberculosis ( TB ) can be difficult . Data on incidence of NTM in TB en... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"tuberculosis",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"immune",
"response"
] | 2014 | Effect of Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria on Host Biomarkers Potentially Relevant for Tuberculosis Management |
The peptidoglycan ( PG ) sacculus is composed of long glycan strands cross-linked together by short peptides forming a covalently closed meshwork that protects the bacterial cell from osmotic lysis and specifies its shape . PG hydrolases play essential roles in remodeling this three-dimensional network during growth an... | Bacterial growth and division require the synthesis and remodeling of the cell wall exoskeleton . To prevent lethal breaches in this protective layer , peptidoglycan ( PG ) hydrolases that remodel the cell wall must be carefully regulated but the mechanisms underlying this control remain poorly understood . The noncano... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"cell",
"walls",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"molecular",
"probe",
"techniques",
"enzymes",
"pathogens",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"bacillus",
"enzymology",
"immunoblotti... | 2019 | SweC and SweD are essential co-factors of the FtsEX-CwlO cell wall hydrolase complex in Bacillus subtilis |
Extended periods of waking result in physiological impairments in humans , rats , and flies . Sleep homeostasis , the increase in sleep observed following sleep loss , is believed to counter the negative effects of prolonged waking by restoring vital biological processes that are degraded during sleep deprivation . Sle... | It is well established in humans that sleep deficits lead to adverse outcomes , including cognitive impairments and an increased risk for obesity . Given the relationship between sleep and lipid stores , we hypothesized that metabolic pathways play a role in sleep regulation and contribute to deficits induced by sleep ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/behavioral",
"neuroscience",
"neuroscience/cognitive",
"neuroscience",
"physiology/integrative",
"physiology",
"physiology/neural",
"homeostasis"
] | 2010 | The Perilipin Homologue, Lipid Storage Droplet 2, Regulates Sleep Homeostasis and Prevents Learning Impairments Following Sleep Loss |
CD4+/CD8+ double positive ( DP ) T cells have been described in healthy individuals as well as in patients with autoimmune and chronic infectious diseases . In chronic viral infections , this cell subset has effector memory phenotype and displays antigen specificity . No previous studies of double positive T cells in p... | Chagas disease , produced by the blood parasite Trypanosoma cruzi , is considered a public health problem in Central and South America . Non sterile immunity can be achieved after acute infection . Parasite persistence can induce tissue damage in nearly 20% to 30% of chronically infected individuals . Indeed , chagasic... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"chagas",
"disease",
"immune",
"cells",
"t",
"cells",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"immunology",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Increased CD4+/CD8+ Double-Positive T Cells in Chronic Chagasic Patients |
Genotype-to-phenotype maps exhibit complexity . This genetic complexity is mentioned frequently in the literature , but a consistent and quantitative definition is lacking . Here , we derive such a definition and investigate its consequences for model genetic systems . The definition equates genetic complexity with a s... | ‘Genetic complexity’ is an often-discussed property of genotype-to-phenotype maps , but the term is used vaguely and inconsistently in the literature . We derived a definition of genetic complexity that assigns to every genotype-to-phenotype map a unique quantitative measure of its genetic complexity . This definition ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"systems",
"biology",
"regulatory",
"networks",
"synthetic",
"biology",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2012 | Quantifying and Analyzing the Network Basis of Genetic Complexity |
We recently discovered an inherited cancer syndrome caused by BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 ( BAP1 ) germline mutations , with high incidence of mesothelioma , uveal melanoma and other cancers and very high penetrance by age 55 . To identify families with the BAP1 cancer syndrome , we screened patients with family histori... | Germline BAP1 mutations cause a cancer syndrome characterized by high incidence of mesothelioma ( MM ) , uveal melanoma and other cancers , and by very high penetrance , as all individuals carrying BAP1 mutations developed at least one , and usually several , malignancies throughout their lives . Through screening MM p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Combined Genetic and Genealogic Studies Uncover a Large BAP1 Cancer Syndrome Kindred Tracing Back Nine Generations to a Common Ancestor from the 1700s |
P . vivax infection during pregnancy has been associated with poor outcomes such as anemia , low birth weight and congenital malaria , thus representing an important global health problem . However , no vaccine is currently available for its prevention . Vir genes were the first putative virulent factors associated wit... | Naturally-acquired antibody responses to novel recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides based on sequences from P . vivax VIR antigens were evaluated in women from five distinct geographical regions endemic for malaria , during and after pregnancy . Levels of IgG to VIR antigens were indicative of cumulative malaria... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"body",
"weight",
"parasite",
"groups",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"immune",
"cells",
"maternal",
"health",
"plasmodium",
"obstetrics",
"and",
"gynecology",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"dis... | 2016 | Plasmodium vivax VIR Proteins Are Targets of Naturally-Acquired Antibody and T Cell Immune Responses to Malaria in Pregnant Women |
Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis is one of the prevalent Salmonella serovars worldwide . Different emergent clones of S . Infantis were shown to acquire the pESI virulence-resistance megaplasmid affecting its ecology and pathogenicity . Here , we studied two previously uncharacterized pESI-encoded chaperone-usher f... | Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis is one of the prevalent serovars worldwide and is often associated with human gastroenteritis and asymptomatic persistence in poultry . Different emergent S . Infantis populations were shown to acquire a large virulence-resistance plasmid , named pESI . Here we imaged and investigat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"gene",
"regulation",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"pili",
"and",
"fimbriae",
"animal",
"models",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"mutation",
"regulator",
"genes",
"model",
"organisms",
"e... | 2017 | The plasmid-encoded Ipf and Klf fimbriae display different expression and varying roles in the virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis in mouse vs. avian hosts |
Control and elimination of zoonotic diseases requires robust information about their effect on both human and livestock health in order to enable policy formulation and the allocation of resources . This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of controlling Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in both humans a... | A study was conducted in northern Lao PDR to ascertain the cost-effectiveness of controlling Taenia solium ( T . solium taeniasis/cysticercosis ) using five approaches namely: i ) T . solium taeniasis/cysticercosis alone in the human population ( the base comparator ) , ii ) T . solium taeniasis/cysticercosis and soil ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methodology",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusion"
] | [
"livestock",
"animal",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"cost-effectiveness",
"analysis",
"economic",
"analysis",
"social",
"sciences",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"health",
"care",
"age",
"groups",
"zoology",
"veterinary",
"science",
"epile... | 2018 | Improved methods to capture the total societal benefits of zoonotic disease control: Demonstrating the cost-effectiveness of an integrated control programme for Taenia solium, soil transmitted helminths and classical swine fever in northern Lao PDR |
We present a framework for designing cheap control architectures of embodied agents . Our derivation is guided by the classical problem of universal approximation , whereby we explore the possibility of exploiting the agent’s embodiment for a new and more efficient universal approximation of behaviors generated by sens... | Given a body and an environment , what is the brain complexity needed in order to generate a desired set of behaviors ? The general understanding is that the physical properties of the body and the environment correlate with the required brain complexity . More precisely , it has been pointed that naturally evolved int... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | A Theory of Cheap Control in Embodied Systems |
The effect of calorie restriction ( CR ) on life span extension , demonstrated in organisms ranging from yeast to mice , may involve the down-regulation of pathways , including Tor , Akt , and Ras . Here , we present data suggesting that yeast Tor1 and Sch9 ( a homolog of the mammalian kinases Akt and S6K ) is a centra... | Studies using model organisms have pointed to the existence of evolutionarily conserved genes and signaling pathways that regulates life span . Changes in the activity of these genes/pathways have also been implicated in mediating the beneficial effect of calorie restriction , a well-recognized intervention that extend... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/cellular",
"death",
"and",
"stress",
"responses",
"cell",
"biology/gene",
"expression",
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"signaling"
] | 2009 | Tor1/Sch9-Regulated Carbon Source Substitution Is as Effective as Calorie Restriction in Life Span Extension |
Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing diversifies the transcriptome and promotes functional diversity , particularly in the brain . A plethora of editing sites has been recently identified; however , how they are selected and regulated and which are functionally important are largely unknown . Here we show the cis-regulatio... | Many important modifications are made to RNA to fine-tune genomic information . One type , Adenosine-to-Inosine ( A-to-I ) RNA editing , changes certain adenosines to inosines and is essential for the neurological well-being of many animals . Although RNA editing occurs at thousands of sites across the genomes of vario... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"invertebrates",
"gene",
"regulation",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"micrornas",
"non-coding",
"rna",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"bi... | 2017 | Evolutionary analysis reveals regulatory and functional landscape of coding and non-coding RNA editing |
The ability of plants to provide a plastic response to environmental cues relies on the connectivity between signaling pathways . DELLA proteins act as hubs that relay environmental information to the multiple transcriptional circuits that control growth and development through physical interaction with transcription f... | Plants respond to environmental cues by modulating transcriptional circuits . One mechanism for such modulation involves DELLA proteins . They are promiscuous interactors of transcription factors and , in most cases , this interaction impairs the recognition of the DNA target sequences . Here we show that DELLA protein... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Genome Wide Binding Site Analysis Reveals Transcriptional Coactivation of Cytokinin-Responsive Genes by DELLA Proteins |
Dengue viral infection is a global health threat without vaccine or specific treatment . The clinical outcome varies from asymptomatic , mild dengue fever ( DF ) to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever ( DHF ) . While adaptive immune responses were found to be detrimental in the dengue pathogenesis , the roles of earlier in... | Almost half of the world population is at risk of dengue viral infection . The disease severity varies from mild to a deadly form-which is caused mainly by host overt immune reaction . Earlier studies focused on the disease-causing roles of adaptive immune cells - cells that are highly specific but require time and sig... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"emerging",
"viral",
"diseases",
"immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"emerging",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infe... | 2014 | Invariant NKT Cell Response to Dengue Virus Infection in Human |
Babesia , a tick-borne genus of intraerythrocytic parasites , is understudied in humans outside of established high-endemic areas . There is a paucity of data on Babesia in Africa , despite evidence that it is regionally present . A pilot study suggested that Babesia was present in a rural district of Tanzania . A cros... | Babesia , a family of tick-borne parasites , causes babesiosis , a disease that is very similar to malaria . Babesia species are globally ubiquitous yet understudied in humans outside of a few areas of the world , most notably in the United States . There is very little , published information on Babesia in humans in A... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"parasite",
"groups",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"body",
"fluids",
"ixodes",
"plasmodium",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"animals",
"parasitology",
"babesiosis",
... | 2019 | The Babesia observational antibody (BAOBAB) study: A cross-sectional evaluation of Babesia in two communities in Kilosa district, Tanzania |
Tsetse flies ( Glossina spp . ) are vectors of parasitic trypanosomes , which cause human ( HAT ) and animal African trypanosomiasis ( AAT ) in sub-Saharan Africa . In Uganda , Glossina fuscipes fuscipes ( Gff ) is the main vector of HAT , where it transmits Gambiense disease in the northwest and Rhodesiense disease in... | We investigated the association of symbiotic Spiroplasma with the tsetse fly host Glossina fuscipes fuscipes ( Gff ) to assess if Spiroplasma infections are correlated with Gff genetic background , geography , or season and its interaction with trypanosome parasites . We analyzed distribution and prevalence of Spiropla... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"population",
"genetics",
"geographical",
"locations",
"uganda",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"wolbachia",
"protozoans",
"population",
"biology",
"bacteria",
"haplogroups",
"africa",
"spiroplasma",
"infectious"... | 2019 | Spatio-temporal distribution of Spiroplasma infections in the tsetse fly (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) in northern Uganda |
Monoubiquitination of histone H2B lysine 123 regulates methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 ( H3K4 ) and 79 ( H3K79 ) and the lack of H2B ubiquitination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae coincides with metacaspase-dependent apoptosis . Here , we discovered that loss of H3K4 methylation due to depletion of the methyltransferase... | Covalent histone modifications alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility , which is playing important roles in a wide range of DNA-based processes , such as transcription regulation and DNA repair , but also cell division and apoptosis . Apoptosis is the most common form of programmed cell death and plays importa... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"death",
"cellular",
"structures",
"gene",
"expression",
"cell",
"nucleus",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"histone",
"modification"
] | 2014 | Loss of Histone H3 Methylation at Lysine 4 Triggers Apoptosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
A better knowledge of the flow and pressure distribution in realistic microvascular networks is needed for improving our understanding of neurovascular coupling mechanisms and the related measurement techniques . Here , numerical simulations with discrete tracking of red blood cells ( RBCs ) are performed in three real... | The brain consumes approximately 20% of the total oxygen used by the human body . An efficient and robust energy supply is essential for the brain’s functioning . The brain is able to up-regulate its oxygen supply in the proximity of neuronal activation . However , the details of the underlying vascular regulation mech... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"classical",
"mechanics",
"fluid",
"mechanics",
"cardiovascular",
"anatomy",
"oxygen",
"capillaries",
"arterioles",
"blood",
"vessels",
"flow",
"field",
"chemistry",
"fluid",
"dynamics",
"blood",
"pressure",
"... | 2017 | Depth-dependent flow and pressure characteristics in cortical microvascular networks |
Iron is essential for many cellular processes , but can generate highly toxic hydroxyl radicals in the presence of oxygen . Therefore , intracellular iron accumulation must be tightly regulated , by balancing uptake with storage or export . Iron uptake in Leishmania is mediated by the coordinated action of two plasma m... | Leishmaniasis is a human infectious disease that is endemic in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world . It is caused by transmission of the protozoan parasite Leishmania through bites of infected sand flies . The symptoms of leishmaniasis range from disfiguring skin lesions to potentially deadly visceralizing... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"brassica",
"microbiology",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"protozoan",
"life",
"cycles",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"protozoans",
"leishmania",
"experimental",
"o... | 2018 | A MFS-like plasma membrane transporter required for Leishmania virulence protects the parasites from iron toxicity |
The stringent response is initiated by rapid ( p ) ppGpp synthesis , which leads to a profound reprogramming of gene expression in most bacteria . The stringent phenotype seems to be species specific and may be mediated by fundamentally different molecular mechanisms . In Staphylococcus aureus , ( p ) ppGpp synthesis u... | The stringent response is a bacterial response to a multitude of different environmental stress conditions which is characterized by the synthesis of the messenger molecules ( p ) ppGpp . There is now growing evidence that these molecules also play a key role for pathogens to switch between specific phenotypic states w... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"bacteriology",
"bacterial",
"physiology",
"staphylococci",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"bacterial",
"pathogens",
"pathogenesis"
] | 2012 | The Stringent Response of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Impact on Survival after Phagocytosis through the Induction of Intracellular PSMs Expression |
In low elevation arid regions throughout the southern United States , Borrelia turicatae is the principal agent of tick-borne relapsing fever . However , endemic foci and the vertebrate hosts involved in the ecology of B . turicatae remain undefined . Experimental infection studies suggest that small and medium sized m... | In arid regions of the southern United States and Mexico , tick-borne relapsing fever is primarily caused by Borrelia turicatae . The tick vector , Ornithodoros turicata , feeds indiscriminately on a variety of vertebrates; however , it is unclear which animals are competent hosts for B . turicatae . This study evaluat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"united",
"states",
"borrelia",
"infection",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"geographical",
"locations",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"north",
"america",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
... | 2018 | Seroprevalence for the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae among small and medium sized mammals of Texas |
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype continue to threaten agriculture and human health . Here , we use biochemistry and x-ray crystallography to reveal how amino-acid variations in the hemagglutinin ( HA ) protein contribute to the pathogenicity of H5N1 influenza virus in chickens . HA proteins... | To deliver their genomes into host cells during entry , enveloped viruses contain glycoproteins that bind to cellular receptors and cause fusion of viral and cellular membranes . The influenza virus HA protein is the archetypal viral fusion glycoprotein , promoting entry by undergoing irreversible structural changes th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"influenza",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"structure",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"protein",
"structure",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"cell",
"membrane",
"cytochemistry",
"proteins",
"biology",
"pathogenesis",
"biochemistry",
"virology",
"viral",
"diseases"
] | 2011 | Acid Stability of the Hemagglutinin Protein Regulates H5N1 Influenza Virus Pathogenicity |
The Pol32 protein is one of the universal subunits of DNA polymerase δ ( Pol δ ) , which is responsible for genome replication in eukaryotic cells . Although the role of Pol32 in DNA repair has been well-characterized , its exact function in genome replication remains obscure as studies in single cell systems have not ... | Cancer etiological studies suggest that the majority of pathological mutations occurred under near normal DNA replication conditions , emphasizing the importance of understanding replication regulation under non-lethal conditions . To gain such a better understanding , we investigated the function of Pol32 , a conserve... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"animals",
"invertebrate",
"genomics",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"polymerases",
"dna",
"replication",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"dna",
"mammali... | 2019 | The processivity factor Pol32 mediates nuclear localization of DNA polymerase delta and prevents chromosomal fragile site formation in Drosophila development |
African trypanosomes are digenetic parasites that undergo part of their developmental cycle in mammals and part in tsetse flies . We established a novel technique to monitor the population dynamics of Trypanosoma brucei throughout its life cycle while minimising the confounding factors of strain differences or variatio... | African trypanosomes cause human sleeping sickness and Nagana in domestic animals . These parasites undergo part of their life cycle in mammalian hosts and part in their insect host , the tsetse fly , and are transmitted when the fly takes a blood meal . Within the fly , successful transmission involves two steps: colo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/protozoal",
"infections",
"microbiology/parasitology",
"developmental",
"biology/microbial",
"growth",
"and",
"development"
] | 2010 | Bottlenecks and the Maintenance of Minor Genotypes during the Life Cycle of Trypanosoma brucei |
The differentiation of self-renewing progenitor cells requires not only the regulation of lineage- and developmental stage–specific genes but also the coordinated adaptation of housekeeping functions from a metabolically active , proliferative state toward quiescence . How metabolic and cell-cycle states are coordinate... | The human body is made from billions of cells comprizing many specialized cell types . All of these cells ultimately come from a single fertilized oocyte in a process that has two key features: proliferation , which expands cell numbers , and differentiation , which diversifies cell types . Here , we have examined the ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2019 | Feedforward regulation of Myc coordinates lineage-specific with housekeeping gene expression during B cell progenitor cell differentiation |
NMDA ( N-methyl-D-aspartate ) receptors and calcium can exert multiple and very divergent effects within neuronal cells , thereby impacting opposing occurrences such as synaptic plasticity and neuronal degeneration . The neuronal Ca2+ sensor Caldendrin is a postsynaptic density component with high similarity to calmodu... | Long-lasting changes in communication between nerve cells require the regulation of gene expression . The influx of calcium ions into the cell , particularly through membrane protein called NMDA receptors , plays a crucial role in this process by determining the type of gene expression induced . NMDA receptors can exer... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"neuroscience",
"cell",
"biology"
] | 2008 | Caldendrin–Jacob: A Protein Liaison That Couples NMDA Receptor Signalling to the Nucleus |
In phylogenetically diverse animals , including the basally diverging cnidarians , “determinants” localised within the egg are responsible for directing development of the embryonic body plan . Many such determinants are known to regulate the Wnt signalling pathway , leading to regionalised stabilisation of the transcr... | How do different animal body parts form in the correct arrangement during development ? Often , the explanation is provided by “determinant” molecules , prepositioned in the egg cell before it is fertilised . These determinant molecules initiate spatially localized programmes of gene expression , causing the various bo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"ascidians",
"(sea",
"squirts)",
"developmental",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology",
"eukaryotes",
"evolutionary",
"biology"
] | 2007 | Two Oppositely Localised Frizzled RNAs as Axis Determinants in a Cnidarian Embryo |
Polyclonal Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ) -infected B cell line ( lymphoblastoid cell lines; LCL ) -stimulated T-cell preparations have been successfully used to treat EBV-positive post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders ( PTLD ) in transplant recipients , but function and specificity of the CD4+ component are still ... | The γ-herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ) is associated with several human malignancies , including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders ( PTLD ) in immunocompromised patients . The successful treatment of EBV-positive PTLD by the infusion of EBV-specific T-cell lines has provided an important proof of prin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"oncology",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"immunity",
"virology",
"cancer",
"treatment",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"diseases",
"immunotherapy"
] | 2014 | Virus and Autoantigen-Specific CD4+ T Cells Are Key Effectors in a SCID Mouse Model of EBV-Associated Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders |
Several experiments indicate that there exists substantial synaptic-depression at the synapses between olfactory receptor neurons ( ORNs ) and neurons within the drosophila antenna lobe ( AL ) . This synaptic-depression may be partly caused by vesicle-depletion , and partly caused by presynaptic-inhibition due to the a... | Understanding the intricacies of sensory processing is a major scientific challenge . In this paper we examine the early stages of the olfactory system of the fruit-fly . Many experiments have revealed a great deal regarding the architecture of this system , including the types of neurons within it , as well as the con... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"neuroscience"
] | 2012 | Functional Roles for Synaptic-Depression within a Model of the Fly Antennal Lobe |
Strongyloidiasis is frequently under diagnosed since many infections remain asymptomatic and conventional diagnostic tests based on parasitological examination are not sufficiently sensitive . Serology is useful but is still only available in reference laboratories . The need for improved diagnostic tests in terms of s... | Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection that can occur in any place of the world . It is not easy to diagnose because the conventional tests are not good enough , especially in individuals that do not present any symptoms of the disease . This is of particular importance in immunocompromised patients , because the di... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"public",
"health"
] | 2013 | The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review |
The hallmark of canonical Wnt signaling is the transcriptional induction of Wnt target genes by the beta-catenin/TCF complex . Several studies have proposed alternative interaction partners for beta-catenin or TCF , but the relevance of potential bifurcations in the distal Wnt pathway remains unclear . Here we study on... | Our manuscript addresses the question of whether either of the canonical transduction components , beta-catenin or TCF , can be bypassed when the Wnt pathway is activated . By using somatic cell genetics in Drosophila cells ( via CRISPR/Cas9 editing ) in combination with RNA-seq and STARR-seq ( Self-transcribing-active... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"luciferase",
"enzymes",
"enzymology",
"animals",
"invertebrate",
"genomics",
"dna",
"transcription",
"animal",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"drosophila... | 2017 | Probing the canonicity of the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway |
The rising prevalence of arthritogenic alphavirus infections , including chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) and Ross River virus ( RRV ) , and the lack of antiviral treatments highlight the potential threat of a global alphavirus pandemic . The immune responses underlying alphavirus virulence remain enigmatic . We found that ... | Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) and Ross River virus ( RRV ) are arthropod-borne viruses associated with massive epidemics affecting millions of people worldwide , causing widespread distribution of alphaviral-induced arthritis . The rising prevalence of alphavirus infections and , critically , the lack of therapeutic trea... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Role of Pentraxin 3 in Shaping Arthritogenic Alphaviral Disease: From Enhanced Viral Replication to Immunomodulation |
Detection of viral nucleic acids plays a critical role in the induction of intracellular host immune defences . However , the temporal recruitment of immune regulators to infecting viral genomes remains poorly defined due to the technical difficulties associated with low genome copy-number detection . Here we utilize 5... | Intrinsic and innate immunity act to restrict the replication of many clinically important viral pathogens . However , the temporal regulation of these two arms of host immunity during virus infection remains poorly defined . A key aspect in the regulation of these intracellular immune defences during herpesvirus infec... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"virus",
"effects",
"on",
"host",
"gene",
"expression",
"viral",
"genome",
"microbial",
"genetics",
"microbial",
"genomics",
"viral",
"genomics",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"gene",
"expression",
"vi... | 2018 | Distinct temporal roles for the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) protein in the sequential regulation of intracellular host immunity to HSV-1 infection |
Cryptococcus neoformans is a haploid environmental organism and the major cause of fungal meningoencephalitis in AIDS patients . Fluconazole ( FLC ) , a triazole , is widely used for the maintenance therapy of cryptococcosis . Heteroresistance to FLC , an adaptive mode of azole resistance , was associated with FLC ther... | Cryptococcus neoformans is an environmental fungus that causes life threatening brain disease , primarily in AIDS patients . The disease is estimated to claim 700 , 000 lives annually world-wide but most heavily in Africa . Fluconazole ( FLC ) , a fungistatic antifungal drug , is commonly used to treat patients for lon... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/fungal",
"infections",
"microbiology",
"molecular",
"biology",
"microbiology/medical",
"microbiology",
"infectious",
"diseases/antimicrobials",
"and",
"drug",
"resistance"
] | 2010 | Cryptococcus neoformans Overcomes Stress of Azole Drugs by Formation of Disomy in Specific Multiple Chromosomes |
Current efforts to control human soil-transmitted helminths ( STHs ) involve the periodic mass administration of benzimidazole drugs to school aged children and other at- risk groups . Given that high levels of resistance to these drugs have developed in roundworms of livestock , there is a need to monitor drug efficac... | With the implementation of mass drug administration programmes for the control of human soil transmitted helminths there is a need to develop drug sensitivity monitoring tools to detect the emergence of resistance . The present study aimed to use an egg hatch assay to measure benzimidazole sensitivity in human hookworm... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"hookworm",
"infection",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"hookworm",
"parasitic",
"diseases"
] | 2011 | The Effect of Egg Embryonation on Field-Use of a Hookworm Benzimidazole-Sensitivity Egg Hatch Assay in Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China |
The aberrant expression of the transmembrane protein EpCAM is associated with tumor progression , affecting different cellular processes such as cell–cell adhesion , migration , proliferation , differentiation , signaling , and invasion . However , the in vivo function of EpCAM still remains elusive due to the lack of ... | EpCAM is a well-established marker for carcinomas of epithelial origin and a potential target for immunotherapy . In vitro analyses have implicated EpCAM in a plethora of different cellular processes , such as adhesion , motility , proliferation , differentiation , and signaling . Strikingly , depending on the context ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"dermatology",
"developmental",
"biology",
"developmental",
"biology/morphogenesis",
"and",
"cell",
"biology",
"developmental",
"biology/embryology"
] | 2009 | The Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule EpCAM Is Required for Epithelial Morphogenesis and Integrity during Zebrafish Epiboly and Skin Development |
Although misfolding of normal prion protein ( PrPC ) into abnormal conformers ( PrPSc ) is critical for prion disease pathogenesis our current understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiology is rudimentary . Exploiting an electrophysiology paradigm , herein we report that at least modestly proteinase K ( PK )... | Misfolding of the normal prion protein ( PrPC ) into disease-associated conformations ( PrPSc ) is the critical initiating step for prion diseases . Similar to other neurodegenerative disorders , progressive failure of brain synapses is considered a primary deleterious event underpinning prion disease evolution . Our c... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"probe",
"techniques",
"nervous",
"system",
"brain",
"electrophysiology",
"immunoblotting",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"bioassays",
"and",
"physiological",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"neu... | 2018 | Prion acute synaptotoxicity is largely driven by protease-resistant PrPSc species |
Although rabies represents an important public health threat , it is still a neglected disease in Asia and Africa where it causes tens of thousands of deaths annually despite available human and animal vaccines . In the Central African Republic ( CAR ) , an endemic country for rabies , this disease remains poorly inves... | Rabies is a widespread fatal , but preventable , viral disease transmitted from animals to humans . It has been estimated that tens of thousands of people die of rabies annually , mainly in developing countries where rabies is still a neglected disease . In the Central African Republic ( CAR ) , a poor country located ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"vertebrates",
"microbiology",
"dogs",
"animals",
"mammals",
"viruses",
"preventive",
"medicine",
"rabies... | 2016 | Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology |
Staphylococcus aureus contains an autoinducing quorum-sensing system encoded within the agr operon that coordinates expression of virulence genes required for invasive infection . Allelic variation within agr has generated four agr specific groups , agr I–IV , each of which secretes a distinct autoinducing peptide pher... | Staphylococcus aureus is a common colonizer of humans but can also cause severe , invasive infection . S . aureus uses a secreted peptide-based communication system , agr , to induce production of virulence factors needed for invasive infection . Allelic variation has generated four agr types , agr I–IV , and each secr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"immunology",
"biology",
"microbiology"
] | 2013 | Nox2 Modification of LDL Is Essential for Optimal Apolipoprotein B-mediated Control of agr Type III Staphylococcus aureus Quorum-sensing |
In prion diseases , synapse dysfunction , axon retraction and loss of neuronal polarity precede neuronal death . The mechanisms driving such polarization defects , however , remain unclear . Here , we examined the contribution of RhoA-associated coiled-coil containing kinases ( ROCK ) , key players in neuritogenesis , ... | Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ( TSEs ) , commonly named prion diseases , are caused by deposition in the brain of pathogenic prions PrPSc that trigger massive neuronal death . Because of our poor understanding of the mechanisms sustaining prion-induced neurodegeneration , there is to date no effective medic... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Double-Edge Sword of Sustained ROCK Activation in Prion Diseases through Neuritogenesis Defects and Prion Accumulation |
It is increasingly clear that transcription factors play versatile roles in turning genes “on” or “off” depending on cellular context via the various transcription complexes they form . This poses a major challenge in unraveling combinatorial transcription complex codes . Here we use the powerful genetics of Drosophila... | Different cell types in multi-cellular organisms are determined by the repertoire of genes active in each cell . This repertoire , or transcriptome , is established by the coordinated activity of transcription factors and cofactors that form modular transcription complexes . The modular nature of transcription complexe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/molecular",
"genetics",
"developmental",
"biology/developmental",
"molecular",
"mechanisms",
"computational",
"biology/genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression"
] | 2010 | Transcriptional Regulation by CHIP/LDB Complexes |
An expanded chemical space is essential for improved identification of small molecules for emerging therapeutic targets . However , the identification of targets for novel compounds is biased towards the synthesis of known scaffolds that bind familiar protein families , limiting the exploration of chemical space . To c... | Bioactive compounds often disrupt cellular gene expression in ways that are difficult to predict . While the correlation between a cellular response after treatment with a small molecule and the knockdown of its target protein should be simple to establish , in practice this goal has been difficult to achieve . The mai... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"crystal",
"structure",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"small",
"molecules",
"condensed",
"matter",
"physics",
"organic",
"compounds",
"pharmaceutics",
"pharmacology",
"crystallography",... | 2018 | Predicting protein targets for drug-like compounds using transcriptomics |
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