Search is not available for this dataset
article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
values | title stringlengths 20 281 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The synaptonemal complex ( SC ) is a proteinaceous scaffold required for synapsis and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis . Although the SC has been linked to differences in genome-wide crossover rates , the genetic basis of standing variation in SC structure remains unknown . To investigate the... | During the first stages of meiosis , the chromosome axes are organized along a protein scaffold in preparation for recombination and their subsequent segregation . This scaffold , known as the synaptonemal complex ( SC ) , is critical for the regular progression of recombination . A complex relationship exists between ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"spermatocytes",
"quantitative",
"trait",
"loci",
"population",
"genetics",
"germ",
"cells",
"dna",
"population",
"biology",
"sperm",
"homologous",
"recombination",
"sex",
"chromosomes",
"genetic",
"polymorphism",
"animal",
"cells",
"chromosome",
"biology",
"x",
"chromo... | 2019 | A first genetic portrait of synaptonemal complex variation |
Interleukin-21 signaling is important for germinal center B-cell responses , isotype switching and generation of memory B cells . However , a role for IL-21 in antibody-mediated protection against pathogens has not been demonstrated . Here we show that IL-21 is produced by T follicular helper cells and co-expressed wit... | The importance of antibody and B-cell responses for control of the erythrocytic-stage of the malaria parasite , Plasmodium , was first described when immune serum , passively transferred into Plasmodium falciparum-infected children , reduced parasitemia . This was later confirmed in experimental models in which mice de... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Disruption of IL-21 Signaling Affects T Cell-B Cell Interactions and Abrogates Protective Humoral Immunity to Malaria |
dMi-2 is a highly conserved ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factor that regulates transcription and cell fates by altering the structure or positioning of nucleosomes . Here we report an unanticipated role for dMi-2 in the regulation of higher-order chromatin structure in Drosophila . Loss of dMi-2 function causes s... | The packaging of DNA into chromatin is critical for the organization and expression of eukaryotic genes . Nucleosomes repress transcription by blocking the access of transcription factors and other regulatory proteins to DNA . Levels of chromatin organization above the level of the nucleosome—including chromosome foldi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"chromosome",
"structure",
"and",
"function",
"gene",
"function",
"animal",
"models",
"mitosis",
"developmental",
"biology",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"chromatin",
"chromosome",
"biology",
"biology",
"biochemistry",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",... | 2012 | The Drosophila Mi-2 Chromatin-Remodeling Factor Regulates Higher-Order Chromatin Structure and Cohesin Dynamics In Vivo |
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes ( CTLs ) , natural killer ( NK ) cells , B cells and target cell limitation have all been suggested to play a role in the control of SIV and HIV-1 infection . However , previous research typically studied each population in isolation leaving the magnitude , relative importance and in vivo r... | The role of the immune response in controlling HIV infection , or its simian counterpart SIV , has not been fully elucidated . Different studies have provided evidence of a role for different components of the immune system . Unfortunately , the different components are usually studied in isolation , making it hard to ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology/immune",
"response",
"infectious",
"diseases/hiv",
"infection",
"and",
"aids",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Quantification of the Relative Importance of CTL, B Cell, NK Cell, and Target Cell Limitation in the Control of Primary SIV-Infection |
Dengue , a mosquito-borne viral disease , poses a significant global public health risk . In tropical countries such as India where periodic dengue outbreaks can be correlated to the high prevalence of the mosquito vector , circulation of all four dengue viruses ( DENVs ) and the high population density , a drug for de... | India represents ~50% of the global population estimated to be at risk of dengue . Severe dengue , which is potentially fatal , correlates with very high virus load , reduction in platelet counts and haemorrhage . Antiviral therapy to reduce high virus load may be beneficial in attenuating disease severity . We have ex... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Cissampelos pareira Linn: Natural Source of Potent Antiviral Activity against All Four Dengue Virus Serotypes |
Human transmission of Chagas disease ( CD ) most commonly occurs in domiciliary spaces where triatomines remain hidden to feed on blood sources during inhabitants’ sleep . Similar to other neglected tropical diseases ( NTDs ) , sustainable control of CD requires attention to the structural conditions of life of populat... | Chagas disease ( CD ) is transmitted by triatomine insects , vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi . Triatomines are commonly found in precariously constructed homes where they remain hidden in cracks and crevices during the day and feed on blood sources at night . Due to this association between living environment... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"health",
"promotion",
"invertebrates",
"animal",
"types",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"ecuador",
"sociology",
"geographical",
"locations",
"domestic",
"animals",
"social",
"sciences",
"animals",
"human",
"fami... | 2019 | Home improvement and system-based health promotion for sustainable prevention of Chagas disease: A qualitative study |
Tripartite integrative and conjugative elements ( ICE3 ) are a novel form of ICE that exist as three separate DNA regions integrated within the genomes of Mesorhizobium spp . Prior to conjugative transfer the three ICE3 regions of M . ciceri WSM1271 ICEMcSym1271 combine and excise to form a single circular element . Th... | Bacteria evolve and adapt quickly through the horizontal transfer of DNA . A major mechanism facilitating this transfer is conjugation . Conjugative DNA elements that integrate into the chromosome are termed ‘Integrative and Conjugative Elements’ ( ICE ) . We recently discovered a unique form of ICE that undergoes a co... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"recombination",
"reactions",
"split-decomposition",
"method",
"plasmid",
"construction",
"dna",
"transcription",
"multiple",
"alignment",
"calculation",
"dna",
"construction",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"sequence",
"anal... | 2018 | Sequential induction of three recombination directionality factors directs assembly of tripartite integrative and conjugative elements |
Encounters with pathogens provoke changes in gene transcription that are an integral part of host innate immune responses . In recent years , studies with invertebrate model organisms have given insights into the origin , function , and evolution of innate immunity . Here , we use genome-wide transcriptome analysis to ... | We are interested in how exactly the nematode Caenorhabditi elegans , widely used in biological research , defends itself against fungal infection . Like most animals , this worm responds to infection by switching on defense genes . We used DNA chips to measure the levels of all the worm's 20 , 000 genes and discovered... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/animal",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genetics",
"of",
"the",
"immune",
"system",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/functional",
"genomics",
"molecular",
"biology/molecular",
"evolution",
... | 2008 | Anti-Fungal Innate Immunity in C. elegans Is Enhanced by Evolutionary Diversification of Antimicrobial Peptides |
Wnt signalling pathways have extremely diverse functions in animals , including induction of cell fates or tumours , guidance of cell movements during gastrulation , and the induction of cell polarity . Wnt can induce polar changes in cellular morphology by a remodelling of the cytoskeleton . However , how activation o... | During development , processes such as cell division , fate determination , migration , and removal of dead cells occur in a directional ( i . e . , polar ) manner . For example , cell divisions in the early embryo often occur in a directional manner to maintain specific cell–cell interactions . Later , during organ fo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology/embryology",
"developmental",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"signaling",
"developmental",
"biology/cell",
"differentiation",
"cell",
"biology/cytoskeleton"
] | 2010 | The Wnt Pathway Controls Cell Death Engulfment, Spindle Orientation, and Migration through CED-10/Rac |
The ability to mount an interferon response on sensing viral infection is a critical component of mammalian innate immunity . Several viruses directly antagonize viral sensing pathways to block activation of the host immune response . Here , we show that recurrent viral antagonism has shaped the evolution of the host p... | Hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) causes chronic liver disease and is estimated to infect 170 million people worldwide . HCV is able to establish a persistent infection in part by inhibiting the innate immune response . It does so by using its protease , NS3 , to cleave the host's antiviral factor MAVS , which normally activat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"immunology",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Convergent Evolution of Escape from Hepaciviral Antagonism in Primates |
Burkholderia pseudomallei infection ( melioidosis ) is an important cause of community-acquired Gram-negative sepsis in Northeast Thailand , where it is associated with a ∼40% mortality rate despite antimicrobial chemotherapy . We showed in a previous cohort study that patients taking glyburide ( = glibenclamide ) prio... | Burkholderia pseudomallei infection ( also called melioidosis ) is a common cause of bacterial infection in Northeast Thailand , where the mortality rate is 43% despite appropriate antibiotic treatment . We showed previously that patients taking glyburide ( = glibenclamide ) prior to admission have lower mortality rate... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2013 | Glyburide Reduces Bacterial Dissemination in a Mouse Model of Melioidosis |
Many cellular systems rely on the ability to interpret spatial heterogeneities in chemoattractant concentration to direct cell migration . The accuracy of this process is limited by stochastic fluctuations in the concentration of the external signal and in the internal signaling components . Here we use information the... | For many cell types , the direction of migration is determined in response to spatial differences in the concentration of chemoattractant , a process known as chemotaxis . Precise chemotaxis—that is , motility with low directional distortion—requires that cells make accurate decisions based on the stochastic fluctuatio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"mathematics",
"information",
"theory",
"noise",
"computational",
"biology",
"biophysics",
"chemotaxis"
] | 2007 | An Information-Theoretic Characterization of the Optimal Gradient Sensing Response of Cells |
Previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have demonstrated that cryptic promoters within coding regions activate transcription in particular mutants . We have performed a comprehensive analysis of cryptic transcription in order to identify factors that normally repress cryptic promoters , to determine the amount of... | Recent studies have shown that much more of the eukaryotic genome is transcribed into RNA than previously thought . In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , when particular factors are defective , cryptic promoters within several coding regions become active and produce shorter transcripts corresponding to the 3′ portions of gene... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"molecular",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2008 | Chromatin- and Transcription-Related Factors Repress Transcription from within Coding Regions throughout the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genome |
Buruli ulcer ( BU ) is a necrotizing skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans . Previous studies have shown that wounds of BU patients are colonized with M . ulcerans and several other microorganisms , including Staphylococcus aureus , which may interfere with wound healing . The present study was therefore aimed ... | Buruli ulcer ( BU ) is a disease of the skin and soft tissue caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans . The resulting skin lesions provide a niche for survival of other microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus , which may cause delayed wound healing . This study investigated the presence , diversity , and spatio-temporal d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus in Buruli Ulcer |
Invasive aspergillosis ( IA ) due to Aspergillus fumigatus is a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients . The discovery of highly fertile strains of A . fumigatus opened the possibility to merge classical and contemporary genetics to address key questions about this pathogen . The merger involves sexual ... | Invasive aspergillosis ( IA ) caused by Aspergillus fumigatus is increasing due to medical interventions that suppress the ability of patients’ immune systems to control infections . These invasive lung infections are difficult to diagnose and consequently treatment is frequently not started promptly . Some controversy... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Genetic Analysis Using an Isogenic Mating Pair of Aspergillus fumigatus Identifies Azole Resistance Genes and Lack of MAT Locus’s Role in Virulence |
Microorganisms modify their environment by excreting by-products of metabolism , which can create new ecological niches that can help microbial populations diversify . A striking example comes from experimental evolution of genetically identical Escherichia coli populations that are grown in a homogeneous environment w... | Biodiversity can emerge in a completely homogeneous environment from populations with initially genetically identical individuals . This striking observation comes from experimental evolution of bacteria , which create new ecological niches when they excrete nutrient-rich waste products that can sustain the life of oth... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"bacteriology",
"carbohydrate",
"metabolism",
"organismal",
"evolution",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"ecological",
"niches",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"metabolic",
"networks",
"microbiology",
"carbohydrates",
"glucose",
"metabolism",
"organic",
"compounds",
... | 2018 | An enormous potential for niche construction through bacterial cross-feeding in a homogeneous environment |
Oral cholera vaccine ( OCV ) containing killed Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 organisms ( Bivalent-OCV; Biv-OCV ) are playing a central role in global cholera control strategies . OCV is currently administered in a 2-dose regimen ( day 0 and 14 ) . There is a growing body of evidence that immune responses targeting the O-... | Cholera , which can be a severe watery diarrheal illness caused by the non-invasive bacterium Vibrio cholerae , remains a global public health concern for many developing countries . Immune responses targeting the O-specific polysaccharide ( OSP ) of V . cholerae are involved in mediating protection against cholera . E... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"and",
"materials",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"vibrio",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"vaccines",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"vibrio",
"cho... | 2019 | Induction of systemic, mucosal and memory antibody responses targeting Vibrio cholerae O1 O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) in adults following oral vaccination with an oral killed whole cell cholera vaccine in Bangladesh |
All Staphylococcus aureus genomes contain a genomic island , which is termed νSaα and characterized by two clusters of tandem repeat sequences , i . e . the exotoxin ( set ) and 'lipoprotein-like' genes ( lpl ) . Based on their structural similarities the νSaα islands have been classified as type I to IV . The genomes ... | Highly pathogenic and epidemic Staphylococcus aureus strains carry a pathogenicity island in their genome that contains a cluster of lipoprotein-encoding genes termed lpl . As the role lpl in virulence is still unclear , we deleted the entire lpl cluster in the community-acquired methicillin-resistant S . aureus ( CA-M... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | The νSaα Specific Lipoprotein Like Cluster (lpl) of S. aureus USA300 Contributes to Immune Stimulation and Invasion in Human Cells |
In eukaryotes , RNA processing events in the nucleus influence the fate of transcripts in the cytoplasm . The multi-protein exon junction complex ( EJC ) associates with mRNAs concomitant with splicing in the nucleus and plays important roles in export , translation , surveillance and localization of mRNAs in the cytop... | The multi-protein exon junction complex ( EJC ) is deposited at exon-exon junctions on mRNAs upon splicing . EJCs , with Y14 , Mago , eIF4AIII and Barentsz proteins at their core , are landmarks of the nuclear history of RNAs and play important roles in their post-transcriptional regulation . In mammalian cells , the Y... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"rna-binding",
"proteins",
"animal",
"genetics",
"rna",
"transport",
"messenger",
"rna",
"animals",
"developmental",
"biology",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"molecular",
"development",
"drosophila",
"embryology",
"proteins",
"embryo",
"development",
"gene"... | 2014 | The EJC Binding and Dissociating Activity of PYM Is Regulated in Drosophila |
Many studies in the fields of genetic epidemiology and applied population genetics are predicated on , or require , an assessment of the genetic background diversity of the individuals chosen for study . A number of strategies have been developed for assessing genetic background diversity . These strategies typically f... | Humans exhibit great genetic diversity . Understanding the factors that contribute to and sustain this diversity is an important research area . Not only can such understanding shed light on human origins , but it can also assist in the discovery of genes and genetic factors that contribute to debilitating diseases . S... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"mathematics",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"homo",
"(human)",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2007 | Generalized Analysis of Molecular Variance |
The killing of bacterial pathogens by macrophages occurs via the oxidative burst and bacteria have evolved to overcome this challenge and survive , using several virulence and defense strategies , including antioxidant mechanisms . We show here that the 1-Cys peroxiredoxin LsfA from the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomon... | Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important human pathogen that employs a vast arsenal of virulence factors and infects immunocompromised hosts , such as patients in intensive care units , causing pneumonia and other illnesses . Macrophages are cells in the first line of defense against pathogens in the lungs . After pathog... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"oxidative",
"stress",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"bacterial",
"pneumonia",
"bacterial",
"pathogens",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"white",
"blood",
"cells",
"animal",... | 2014 | Involvement of a 1-Cys Peroxiredoxin in Bacterial Virulence |
Influenza can be transmitted through respirable ( small airborne particles ) , inspirable ( intermediate size ) , direct-droplet-spray , and contact modes . How these modes are affected by features of the virus strain ( infectivity , survivability , transferability , or shedding profiles ) , host population ( behavior ... | We model the transmission of influenza through the environment assuming four possible transmission routes: respiratory ( small particle inhalation ) , inspiratory ( medium particle inhalation ) , direct-droplet-spray ( large particle spray directly to susceptible tissue ) , and contact-mediated ( when large particles s... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/respiratory",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases/epidemiology",
"and",
"control",
"of",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2010 | Informing Optimal Environmental Influenza Interventions: How the Host, Agent, and Environment Alter Dominant Routes of Transmission |
The type IX secretion system ( T9SS ) of Porphyromonas gingivalis secretes proteins possessing a conserved C-terminal domain ( CTD ) to the cell surface . The C-terminal signal is essential for these proteins to translocate across the outer membrane via the T9SS . On the surface the CTD of these proteins is cleaved pri... | Chronic periodontitis , associated with the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis , is a major public health problem . P . gingivalis secretes virulence factors including the gingipains via the type IX secretion system ( T9SS ) . These proteins contain a C-terminal signal that allows their secretion through the T9SS and it... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Porphyromonas gingivalis Type IX Secretion Substrates Are Cleaved and Modified by a Sortase-Like Mechanism |
Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus ( KSHV/HHV-8 ) is a B cell tropic human pathogen , which is present in vivo in monotypic immunoglobulin λ ( Igλ ) light chain but polyclonal B cells . In the current study , we use cell sorting to infect specific B cell lineages from human tonsil specimens in order to examine the immunophenot... | Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus ( KSHV ) infection of human B cells is poorly understood . KSHV infection in humans is heavily biased towards B cells with a specific subtype of antibody molecule ( lambda light chain rather than kappa light chain ) . This has been a conundrum in the field for years because there is no known ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"reverse",
"transcriptase-polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"rna",
"extraction",
"microbiology",
... | 2018 | KSHV induces immunoglobulin rearrangements in mature B lymphocytes |
Lytic gammaherpesvirus infection restricts host gene expression by promoting widespread degradation of cytoplasmic mRNA through the activity of the viral endonuclease SOX . Though generally assumed to be selective for cellular transcripts , the extent to which SOX impacts viral mRNA stability has remained unknown . We ... | Many viruses restrict host gene expression during infection , presumably to provide a competitive expression advantage to viral transcripts . Not surprisingly , viruses that induce this ‘host shutoff’ phenotype therefore generally possess mechanisms to selectively spare viral genes . Gammaherpesviruses promote host shu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"virology",
"viral",
"enzymes",
"viral",
"packaging",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"replication"
] | 2014 | Gammaherpesviral Gene Expression and Virion Composition Are Broadly Controlled by Accelerated mRNA Degradation |
Leishmania spp . are protozoan parasites that have two principal life cycle stages: the motile promastigote forms that live in the alimentary tract of the sandfly and the amastigote forms , which are adapted to survive and replicate in the harsh conditions of the phagolysosome of mammalian macrophages . Here , we used ... | Leishmania are single-celled parasites that are transmitted between animal hosts by the bite of sand flies . Once inside their animal hosts they abandon their extracellular habit and invade cells of the immune system , called macrophages . This oscillation between hosts requires the parasite to be able to adapt to dram... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Comparative Life Cycle Transcriptomics Revises Leishmania mexicana Genome Annotation and Links a Chromosome Duplication with Parasitism of Vertebrates |
Mucosal-associated invariant T ( MAIT ) cells display two evolutionarily conserved features: an invariant T cell receptor ( TCR ) α ( iTCRα ) chain and restriction by the nonpolymorphic class Ib major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) molecule , MHC-related molecule 1 ( MR1 ) . MR1 expression on thymus epithelial cell... | White blood cells , or lymphocytes , play an important role in defending the body from infection and disease . T lymphocytes come in many varieties with diverse functions . Mucosal-associated invariant T ( MAIT ) cells constitute a subset of unconventional T lymphocytes , characterized by their invariant T cell recepto... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology"
] | 2009 | Stepwise Development of MAIT Cells in Mouse and Human |
Activation of the amino acid starvation response ( AAR ) increases lifespan and acute stress resistance as well as regulates inflammation . However , the underlying mechanisms remain unclear . Here , we show that activation of AAR pharmacologically by Halofuginone ( HF ) significantly inhibits production of the proinfl... | Reduced intake of food ( also known as dietary restriction ) without malnutrition has been shown to benefit health in humans and animals , including an increase in life expectancy , metabolic fitness , and resistance to acute stress . Recent studies have attributed the benefits associated with dietary restriction to th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"cell",
"death",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"autophagic",
"cell",
"death",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"gene",
"regulation",
"immu... | 2018 | Amino acid starvation sensing dampens IL-1β production by activating riboclustering and autophagy |
Natural killer ( NK ) cells play a critical role in controlling murine cytomegalovirus ( MCMV ) and can mediate both cytokine production and direct cytotoxicity . The NK cell activation receptor , Ly49H , is responsible for genetic resistance to MCMV in C57BL/6 mice . Recognition of the viral m157 protein by Ly49H is s... | Natural killer ( NK ) cells play a crucial role in the protection of the host against viruses and in particular herpesvirus infections . Through their activation receptors which recognize surface ligands on target cells , NK cells can mediate direct killing ( cytotoxicity ) of virus-infected cells and produce their sig... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Dual Requirement of Cytokine and Activation Receptor Triggering for Cytotoxic Control of Murine Cytomegalovirus by NK Cells |
Here we report the isolation of a murine model for heritable T cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma ( T-ALL ) called Spontaneous dominant leukemia ( Sdl ) . Sdl heterozygous mice develop disease with a short latency and high penetrance , while mice homozygous for the mutation die early during embryonic development . Sd... | Our study investigated a spontaneous mouse model for dominantly inherited T-cell leukemia/lymphoma . Using genetic methods , we identified a mutant allele of Mcm4 ( Mcm4D573H ) in this model . Interestingly , this Mcm4 allele promotes the accumulation of focal chromosomal gains and losses , including aberrations at the... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"genetics",
"cancer",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"mutation",
"genetics",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | A Dominantly Acting Murine Allele of Mcm4 Causes Chromosomal Abnormalities and Promotes Tumorigenesis |
Phenotypic conversion of tumor cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) requires massive gene expression changes . How these are brought about is not clear . Here we examined the impact of the EMT master regulator SNAIL1 on the FOXA family of transcription factors which are distinguished by their particu... | Cancer patient mortality is overwhelmingly due to distant organ metastases . Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a process thought to facilitate local invasion and dissemination of cancer cells , thereby promoting metastasis . The conversion of epithelial cells into mesenchymal , fibroblast-like cells requires profoun... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"characterization",
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"cancers",
"and",
"neoplasms",
"cloning",
"dna",
"transcription",
"oncology",
"transcription",
"factors",
"sequence",
"motif... | 2017 | SNAIL1-mediated downregulation of FOXA proteins facilitates the inactivation of transcriptional enhancer elements at key epithelial genes in colorectal cancer cells |
MicroRNAs ( miRNAs ) are important components of cellular signaling pathways , acting either as pathway regulators or pathway targets . Currently , only a limited number of miRNAs have been functionally linked to specific signaling pathways . Here , we explored if gene expression signatures could be used to represent m... | MicroRNAs ( miRNAs ) are naturally occurring small RNA molecules of ∼22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression . Recent studies have shown that miRNAs can behave as important components of cellular signaling pathways , as pathway regulators or pathway targets . Currently however , only a few miRNAs have been functio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome",
"expression",
"analysis",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"biology",
"genomics",
"gene",
"networks",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2011 | A Densely Interconnected Genome-Wide Network of MicroRNAs and Oncogenic Pathways Revealed Using Gene Expression Signatures |
HTLV-1 is a retrovirus that causes lymphoproliferative disorders and inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system in humans . The prevalence of this infection is high in parts of Brazil and there is a general lack of public health care programs . As a consequence , official data on the transmiss... | Human T-cell lymphotropic virus ( HTLV ) has a slow replication rate and infection is characterized by low morbidity and mortality , as well as silent transmission within the population . While rare , HTLV-associated diseases are usually debilitating and life-threatening . The virus is endemic in the state of Pará ( Br... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"sexually",
"transmitted",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"disease",
"control",
"viral",
"diseases"
] | 2013 | Familial Transmission of Human T-cell Lymphotrophic Virus: Silent Dissemination of an Emerging but Neglected Infection |
UBR1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase best known for its ability to target protein degradation by the N-end rule . The physiological functions of UBR family proteins , however , remain not fully understood . We found that the functional loss of C . elegans UBR-1 leads to a specific motor deficit: when adult animals generate r... | Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is central to diverse biological processes . The selection of substrates for degradation is carried out by the E3 ubiquitin ligases , which target specific groups of proteins for ubiquitination . The human genome encodes hundreds of E3 ligases; many exhibit sequence conservation a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"neurochemistry",
"protein",
"metabolism",
"caenorhabditis",
"enzymology",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"motor",
"neurons",
"animal",
"models",
"caenorhabditis",
"elegans",
"model",
"organisms",
"molecular",
"motors",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"e... | 2018 | The UBR-1 ubiquitin ligase regulates glutamate metabolism to generate coordinated motor pattern in Caenorhabditis elegans |
Alternative splicing is a regulated process that results in expression of specific mRNA and protein isoforms . Alternative splicing factors determine the relative abundance of each isoform . Here we focus on MBNL1 , a splicing factor misregulated in the disease myotonic dystrophy . By altering the concentration of MBNL... | Our studies provide insight into the mechanisms of myotonic dystrophy , the most common adult form of muscular dystrophy . In this disease , a family of RNA binding proteins is sequestered by toxic RNA , which leads to mis-regulation and disease symptoms . We have created a cellular model with one of these family membe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"biopsy",
"gene",
"regulation",
"genetic",
"diseases",
"myotonic",
"dystrophy",
"biomarkers",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"alternative",
"splicing",
"sequence",
"motif",
"an... | 2016 | Dose-Dependent Regulation of Alternative Splicing by MBNL Proteins Reveals Biomarkers for Myotonic Dystrophy |
Neurophysiological studies focus on memory retrieval as a reproduction of what was experienced and have established that neural discharge is replayed to express memory . However , cognitive psychology has established that recollection is not a verbatim replay of stored information . Recollection is constructive , the p... | Since Plato and the early cognitive psychologists we have believed that recollection is not a straightforward replay of stored experience; memory can be modified by the subject's experience and or state of mind , sometimes generating knowledge that was never itself experienced . We show in rats that direct neurophysiol... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"learning",
"and",
"memory",
"cognitive",
"neuroscience",
"central",
"nervous",
"system",
"cognition",
"biology",
"neuroscience",
"neurophysiology",
"animal",
"cognition"
] | 2013 | Key Features of Human Episodic Recollection in the Cross-Episode Retrieval of Rat Hippocampus Representations of Space |
Iron scavenging constitutes a crucial challenge for survival of pathogenic microorganisms in the iron-poor host environment . Candida albicans , like many microbial pathogens , is able to utilize iron from hemoglobin , the largest iron pool in the host's body . Rbt5 is an extracellular glycosylphosphatidylinositol ( GP... | Candida albicans , a commensal fungus of human mucosal surfaces in healthy individuals , is a common cause of superficial infections , as well as of life-threatening systemic infections in individuals suffering from a reduced immune function . As a systemic pathogen , it has to cope with a scarcity of specific nutrient... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"fungal",
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry",
"mycology",
"protein-protein",
"interactions",
"protein",
"interactions",
"proteins",
"medical",
"microbiology",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"hemoproteins",
"microbiology",
"hemoglobin",
"fungal",
... | 2014 | A Relay Network of Extracellular Heme-Binding Proteins Drives C. albicans Iron Acquisition from Hemoglobin |
Nanophthalmos is a rare , potentially devastating eye condition characterized by small eyes with relatively normal anatomy , a high hyperopic refractive error , and frequent association with angle closure glaucoma and vision loss . The condition constitutes the extreme of hyperopia or farsightedness , a common refracti... | Hyperopia or farsightedness is a common condition that can cause visual impairment especially in children . The extreme of this condition is called nanophthalmos , a small crowded eye in which inappropriate drainage of aqueous humor from the eye can lead to glaucoma and vision loss . We previously described a large fam... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ocular",
"anatomy",
"social",
"sciences",
"neuroscience",
"genetic",
"mapping",
"animal",
"models",
"retinal",
"disorders",
"model",
"organisms",
"animal",
"anatomy",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"molecular",
"biology"... | 2019 | Variants in myelin regulatory factor (MYRF) cause autosomal dominant and syndromic nanophthalmos in humans and retinal degeneration in mice |
Accurately predicting and testing the types of Pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) of each patient using cost-effective microarray-based expression data and machine learning algorithms could greatly help either identifying the most targeting medicine or adopting other therapeutic measures that could correct/restore... | Pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) is a serious and progressive disease , with only a roughly 50% of 5-year survival rate even with best available therapies . Accurately detecting/differentiating different forms of PAH and developing drugs that could directly target at genes involved in PAH pathogenesis are essent... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusion",
"Methods"
] | [
"machine",
"learning",
"algorithms",
"cluster",
"analysis",
"hierarchical",
"clustering",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"neuroscience",
"artificial",
"neural",
"networks",
"algorithms",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"mathematics",
"artificial",
"intelligence",
"computational",... | 2019 | Machine learning-based microarray analyses indicate low-expression genes might collectively influence PAH disease |
The genus Trichuris includes parasites of major relevance in veterinary and human medicine . Despite serious economic losses and enormous impact on public health , treatment options against whipworms are very limited . Additionally , there is an obvious lack of appropriately characterized experimental infection models ... | Treatment options against whipworm infections of humans and livestock are very limited and even anthelmintics recently introduced into the market do not significantly improve the situation . Here , we evaluated members of two relatively new drug classes , the aminophenylamidines ( amidantel , deacylated amidantel , tri... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"parasitology",
"drug",
"research",
"and",
"development",
"trichuriasis",
"drugs",
"and",
"devices",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"science",
"drug"... | 2014 | Efficacy of Cyclooctadepsipeptides and Aminophenylamidines against Larval, Immature and Mature Adult Stages of a Parasitologically Characterized Trichurosis Model in Mice |
Genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ) have been successful in identifying common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to etiologically complex disease . We conducted a GWAS to identify common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to upper aero-digestive tract ( UADT ) cancers . Genome-wide genotyping ... | We have used a two-phased study approach to identify common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to upper aero-digestive tract cancer . Using Illumina HumanHap300 beadchips , 2 , 091 UADT cancer cases and 3 , 513 controls from two large European multi-centre UADT cancer studies , as well as 4 , 821 generic cont... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/complex",
"traits",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"discovery",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/cancer",
"genetics"
] | 2011 | A Genome-Wide Association Study of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers Conducted within the INHANCE Consortium |
Transposable Insertion Sequences ( IS elements ) have been shown to provide various benefits to their hosts via gene activation or inactivation under stress conditions by appropriately inserting into specific chromosomal sites . Activation is usually due to derepression or introduction of a complete or partial promoter... | Transposons are “jumping genes” that can move from one location within a genome to another . Insertion of a transponson changes the DNA sequence and therefore gives rise to mutations that can activate or inactivate gene expression . Here , we demonstrate for the first time that one such transposon , Insertion Sequence ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"evolutionary",
"biology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"microbiology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression"
] | 2009 | A Novel Mechanism of Transposon-Mediated Gene Activation |
The Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein ( PvDBP ) is a key target of naturally acquired immunity . However , region II of PvDBP , which contains the receptor-binding site , is highly polymorphic . The natural acquisition of antibodies to different variants of PvDBP region II ( PvDBPII ) , including the AH , O , P an... | Plasmodium vivax is responsible for most malaria infections outside Africa , with 13 . 8 million vivax malaria cases reported annually worldwide . Antibodies are a key component of the host response to P . vivax infection , and their study can assist in identifying suitable vaccine candidates and serological biomarkers... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Material",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"parasite",
"groups",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"plasmodium",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"parasitology",
"apicomplexa",
"protozoans",
"anti... | 2019 | Antibody responses to Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding and Erythrocyte binding proteins predict risk of infection and are associated with protection from clinical Malaria |
The opportunistic human pathogen , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , is a major cause of infections in chronic wounds , burns and the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients . The P . aeruginosa genome encodes at least three proteins exhibiting the characteristic three domain structure of autotransporters , but much remains to be und... | We present a new Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factor that promotes chronic skin wound infections . We propose the name AaaA for this cell-surface tethered autotransporter . This arginine-specific aminopeptidase confers a growth advantage upon P . aeruginosa , providing a fitness advantage by creating a supply of ar... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"microbial",
"metabolism",
"microbial",
"physiology",
"medical",
"microbiology",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"bacterial",
"pathogens",
"pathogenesis"
] | 2012 | A Novel Virulence Strategy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mediated by an Autotransporter with Arginine-Specific Aminopeptidase Activity |
Models of mRNA translation usually presume that transcripts are linear; upon reaching the end of a transcript each terminating ribosome returns to the cytoplasmic pool before initiating anew on a different transcript . A consequence of linear models is that faster translation of a given mRNA is unlikely to generate mor... | Recent advances in proteomics show that translation is strongly dependent on transcript length , but current theoretical models fail to capture this relationship . Here , we propose that the high initiation rates and protein yields of short transcripts result from terminating ribosomes reinitiating on the same transcri... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Model",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"messenger",
"rna",
"polyribosomes",
"fungi",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"genome",
"analysis",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organelles",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"translation",
"initiation",
"saccharomyces",
"genomic... | 2017 | Ribosome reinitiation can explain length-dependent translation of messenger RNA |
The human gammaherpesviruses take advantage of normal B cell differentiation pathways to establish life-long infection in memory B cells . Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 ( MHV68 ) infection of laboratory strains of mice also leads to life-long infection in memory B cells . To gain access to the memory B cell population , M... | Gammaherpesviruses establish life-long infection in B cells by taking advantage of the host immune response that is generated during primary infection . During initial infection , the immune system responds by inducing rapid proliferation of responding B cells during the germinal center reaction . This response is high... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Interleukin 21 Signaling in B Cells Is Required for Efficient Establishment of Murine Gammaherpesvirus Latency |
Humans can distinguish visual stimuli that differ by features the size of only a few photoreceptors . This is possible despite the incessant image motion due to fixational eye movements , which can be many times larger than the features to be distinguished . To perform well , the brain must identify the retinal firing ... | Like a camera , the eye projects an image of the world onto our retina . But unlike a camera , the eye continues to execute small , random movements , even when we fix our gaze . Consequently , the projected image jitters over the retina . In a camera , such jitter leads to a blurred image on the film . Interestingly ,... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience"
] | 2007 | A Neural Computation for Visual Acuity in the Presence of Eye Movements |
HTLV-1 infection is associated with several inflammatory disorders , including the neurodegenerative condition HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis ( HAM/TSP ) . It is unclear why a minority of infected subjects develops HAM/TSP . CD4+ T cells are the main target of infection and play a pivotal rol... | Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) has been estimated to infect 10–20 million worldwide . The majority of infected individuals are asymptomatic , however , 2% to 3% develop a neurodegenerative disorder called HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis ( HAM/TSP ) . The reasons why persons with ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"of",
"the",
"nervous",
"system",
"immune",
"cells",
"cytokines",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"immunity",
"t",
"cells",
"immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"immunology",
"immune",
"response",
"immune",
"system"... | 2013 | Expansion in CD39+ CD4+ Immunoregulatory T Cells and Rarity of Th17 Cells in HTLV-1 Infected Patients Is Associated with Neurological Complications |
Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) has emerged as a global health concern due to its recent spread in both old and new world . So far , no CHIKV specific drug or vaccine is licensed for human use . In this study , we report production of Chikungunya virus like particles ( CHIK-VLPs ) using novel yeast expression system ( Pich... | Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) has emerged in many parts of tropics in last decade . The absence of an approved vaccine or antiviral drug for CHIKV makes it one of the important public health challenges . Though attempt to develop a CHIKV vaccine was initiated in 1980s , however it has not succeeded so far . The Virus lik... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"togaviruses",
"chikungunya",
"infection",
"pathogens",
"pichia",
"pastoris",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology"... | 2016 | Expression and Characterization of Yeast Derived Chikungunya Virus Like Particles (CHIK-VLPs) and Its Evaluation as a Potential Vaccine Candidate |
Circadian clocks are autonomous oscillators driving daily rhythms in physiology and behavior . In mammals , a network of coupled neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN ) is entrained to environmental light-dark cycles and orchestrates the timing of peripheral organs . In each neuron , transcriptional feedbacks ge... | The mammalian circadian clock is orchestrated by a network of coupled neurons . Brain slice preparations allow the analysis of coupling mechanisms mediated by neuropeptides . From bioluminescence recordings , we extract single cell characteristics such as period , amplitude and damping rate . Our data-based stochastic ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussions"
] | [
"neurochemistry",
"neuroscience",
"electromagnetic",
"radiation",
"circadian",
"oscillators",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"hormones",
"mathematics",
"algebra",
"network",
"analysis",
"chronobiology",
"neuropeptides",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"computer",
... | 2018 | Coherency of circadian rhythms in the SCN is governed by the interplay of two coupling factors |
Human bocavirus 1 ( HBoV1 ) has been identified as one of the etiological agents of wheezing in young children with acute respiratory-tract infections . In this study , we have obtained the sequence of a full-length HBoV1 genome ( including both termini ) using viral DNA extracted from a nasopharyngeal aspirate of an i... | Human bocavirus 1 ( HBoV1 ) has been identified as one of the etiological agents of wheezing in young children with acute respiratory-tract infections . HBoV1 productively infects polarized primary human airway epithelia . However , no cell lines permissive to HBoV1 infection have yet been established . More importantl... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"virology",
"viral",
"nucleic",
"acid",
"emerging",
"viral",
"diseases",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"replication"
] | 2012 | Establishment of a Reverse Genetics System for Studying Human Bocavirus in Human Airway Epithelia |
Accurate determination of neutralization antibody titers supports epidemiological studies of dengue virus transmission and vaccine trials . Neutralization titers measured using the plaque reduction neutralization test ( PRNT ) are believed to provide a key measure of immunity to dengue viruses , however , the assay's v... | Plaque Reduction Neutralization Tests ( PRNTs ) remain the most popular approach to characterize an individual's ability to neutralize dengue viruses and are widely used in both epidemiological studies and vaccine trials . However , the underlying variability in the assay is poorly understood , hindering the interpreta... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"vaccines",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"immunity",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"dengue",
"fever",
"vaccine",
"development",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"immunology",
... | 2014 | Variability in Dengue Titer Estimates from Plaque Reduction Neutralization Tests Poses a Challenge to Epidemiological Studies and Vaccine Development |
Modeling the electric field and images in electric fish contributes to a better understanding of the pre-receptor conditioning of electric images . Although the boundary element method has been very successful for calculating images and fields , complex electric organ discharges pose a challenge for active electrorecep... | Sensory imaging is a relevant issue in perception studies which is not yet fully understood . A specific sensory carrier's characteristics and how it interacts with pre-receptor structures to shape images are key aspects of all sensory systems . Comparative study leads to general concepts and a specialized jargon . Ele... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
"computer",
"modeling",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"sensory",
"systems",
"computational",
"biology",
"computerized",
"simulations",
"neuroscience"
] | 2014 | Electric Imaging through Evolution, a Modeling Study of Commonalities and Differences |
Proper assignment of cellular fates relies on correct interpretation of Wnt and Hedgehog ( Hh ) signals . Members of the Wnt Inhibitory Factor-1 ( WIF1 ) family are secreted modulators of these extracellular signaling pathways . Vertebrate WIF1 binds Wnts and inhibits their signaling , but its Drosophila melanogaster o... | In developing organisms , cells choose between alternative fates in order to make appropriately patterned tissues , and misregulation of those choices can underlie both developmental defects and cancers . Cells often make these decisions because of signals received from neighboring cells , such as those mediated by the... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"organism",
"development",
"molecular",
"development",
"genetics",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | The Role of Glypicans in Wnt Inhibitory Factor-1 Activity and the Structural Basis of Wif1's Effects on Wnt and Hedgehog Signaling |
Elastic network ( EN ) models have been widely used in recent years for describing protein dynamics , based on the premise that the motions naturally accessible to native structures are relevant to biological function . We posit that equilibrium motions also determine communication mechanisms inherent to the network ar... | In recent years , there has been a surge in the number of studies using network models for understanding biomolecular systems dynamics . Essentially , two different groups of studies have been performed , driven by two different communities . The first is based on molecular biophysics and statistical mechanical concept... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"computer",
"science",
"none",
"computational",
"biology",
"biophysics"
] | 2007 | Signal Propagation in Proteins and Relation to Equilibrium Fluctuations |
Phospho- and sphingolipids are crucial cellular and intracellular compounds . These lipids are required for active transport , a number of enzymatic processes , membrane formation , and cell signalling . Disruption of their metabolism leads to several diseases , with diverse neurological , psychiatric , and metabolic c... | Phospho- and sphingolipids are integral to membrane formation and are involved in crucial cellular functions such as signalling , membrane fluidity , membrane protein trafficking , neurotransmission , and receptor trafficking . In addition to severe monogenic diseases resulting from defective phospho- and sphingolipid ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"biochemistry",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"lipids",
"epidemiology",
"genetics",
"biology",
"human",
"genetics",
"population",
"biology",
"metabolism",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Loci Associated with Circulating Phospho- and Sphingolipid Concentrations |
The development of niches for tissue-specific stem cells is an important aspect of stem cell biology . Determination of niche size and niche numbers during organogenesis involves precise control of gene expression . How this is achieved in the context of a complex chromatin landscape is largely unknown . Here we show t... | Germ line stem cells ( GSCs ) supply either eggs or sperm throughout the life- time of many organisms , including mammals . For their function , GSCs require input from somatic niche cells . Understanding how niches form during development is an important initial step in understanding how stem cell units form , and by ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"gonads",
"germ",
"cells",
"stem",
"cells",
"epigenetics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"chromatin",
"polytene",
"chromosomes",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"artificial",
"gene",
... | 2016 | Combgap Promotes Ovarian Niche Development and Chromatin Association of EcR-Binding Regions in BR-C |
Replication foci are generated by many viruses to concentrate and localize viral DNA synthesis to specific regions of the cell . Expression of the HPV16 E1 and E2 replication proteins in keratinocytes results in nuclear foci that recruit proteins associated with the host DNA damage response . We show that the Brd4 prot... | Papillomaviruses have a remarkable infection cycle that depends on the development of a stratified epithelium . The virus infects the lower , dividing layers of the epithelium and viral genomes replicate at low copy number , and are maintained in these cells , for long periods of time . As infected cells differentiate ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Brd4 Is Displaced from HPV Replication Factories as They Expand and Amplify Viral DNA |
There is vigorous debate about the reproducibility of research findings in cancer biology . Whether scientists can accurately assess which experiments will reproduce original findings is important to determining the pace at which science self-corrects . We collected forecasts from basic and preclinical cancer researche... | Science is supposed to be self-correcting . However , the efficiency with which science self-corrects depends in part on how well scientists can anticipate whether particular findings will hold up over time . We examined whether expert researchers could accurately forecast whether mouse experiments in 6 prominent precl... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"replication",
"studies",
"basic",
"cancer",
"research",
"oncology",
"trainees",
"research",
"design",
"scientists",
"mathematics",
"forecasting",
"statistics",
"(mathematics)",
"surveys",
"educational",
"status",
"research",
"and"... | 2017 | Can cancer researchers accurately judge whether preclinical reports will reproduce? |
The soil-transmitted helminths ( STH ) Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura are gastrointestinal parasites causing many disabilities to humans , particularly children . The benzimidazole ( BZ ) drugs , albendazole ( ALB ) and mebendazole ( MBZ ) , are commonly used for mass treatment for STH . Unfortunately , t... | The soil-transmitted helminths Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura are gastrointestinal nematodes causing many disabilities in tropical parts of the developing world . Control programs , such as “The Focussing Resources on Effective School Health” ( FRESH ) Partnership , have been implemented to remove human s... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/helminth",
"infections",
"molecular",
"biology",
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases"
] | 2009 | Assays to Detect β-Tubulin Codon 200 Polymorphism in Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides |
Hepatic gluconeogenesis is required for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis; yet , in diabetes mellitus , this process is unrestrained and is a major contributor to fasting hyperglycemia . To date , the impacts of chromatin modifying enzymes and chromatin landscape on gluconeogenesis are poorly understood . Through c... | Histones are small proteins that are essential for packaging and ordering genetic information ( DNA ) into high-order chromatin structures . Methylation of specific lysine residues of histones alters chromatin structure , serving as an important epigenetic mechanism for regulation of gene expression . The dynamic natur... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"medicine",
"model",
"organisms",
"rna",
"interference",
"diabetic",
"endocrinology",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"endocrinology",
"epigenetics",
"biology",
"diabetes",
"and",
"endocrinology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"histone",
"modificati... | 2012 | The Histone Demethylase Jhdm1a Regulates Hepatic Gluconeogenesis |
When movement outcome differs consistently from the intended movement , errors are used to correct subsequent movements ( e . g . , adaptation to displacing prisms or force fields ) by updating an internal model of motor and/or sensory systems . Here , we examine changes to an internal model of the motor system under c... | To plan effective movements of the limbs , the human motor system must keep track of certain parameters: Obvious examples are the lengths and masses of to-be-controlled limb segments . In addition , the nervous system tracks its own motor outcome noise , which is important for selecting among movement plans where there... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/motor",
"systems",
"neuroscience/theoretical",
"neuroscience",
"computational",
"biology/computational",
"neuroscience"
] | 2010 | Compensation for Changing Motor Uncertainty |
Integrated development of diverse tissues gives rise to a functional , mobile vertebrate musculoskeletal system . However , the genetics and cellular interactions that drive the integration of muscle , tendon , and skeleton are poorly understood . In the vertebrate head , neural crest cells , from which cranial tendons... | Mobility requires that muscles form appropriate attachments via tendon . The genes regulating this attachment are poorly understood . This is especially true in the head where mesoderm and neural crest cells generate muscle and tendon , respectively . We show that the gene cyp26b1 is critical for muscle tendon attachme... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"condensation",
"condensed",
"matter",
"physics",
"pharyngeal",
"muscles",
"neuroscience",
"developmental",
"biology",
"stem",
"cells",
"muscle",
"functions",
"embryos",
"cartilage",
"muscle",
"physiology",
"embryology",
"developme... | 2017 | In vivo zebrafish morphogenesis shows Cyp26b1 promotes tendon condensation and musculoskeletal patterning in the embryonic jaw |
Aspergillus fumigatus is the most prevalent airborne filamentous fungal pathogen in humans , causing severe and often fatal invasive infections in immunocompromised patients . Currently available antifungal drugs to treat invasive aspergillosis have limited modes of action , and few are safe and effective . To identify... | Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic filamentous fungal pathogen of emerging clinical significance . Although virulence factors are seen as potential drug targets , neither genetic analyses nor genomic comparisons have identified genuine virulence factors in A . fumigatus . Essential genes required for fungal grow... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases",
"yeast",
"and",
"fungi",
"eukaryotes",
"microbiology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"saccharomyces"
] | 2007 | Essential Gene Identification and Drug Target Prioritization in Aspergillus fumigatus |
Pyruvate kinase ( PYK ) is a critical allosterically regulated enzyme that links glycolysis , the primary energy metabolism , to cellular metabolism . Lactic acid bacteria rely almost exclusively on glycolysis for their energy production under anaerobic conditions , which reinforces the key role of PYK in their metabol... | Some lactic acid bacteria are antibiotic resistant pathogens causing severe diseases whereas others are healthy probiotics used in the food industry . What makes an LAB a friend or a foe and how do they adapt to survive in such different environments ? Here , we addressed this problem by focusing on the enzyme pyruvate... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"systems",
"biology",
"biochemistry",
"enzyme",
"structure",
"biochemical",
"simulations",
"biochemistry",
"simulations",
"proteins",
"enzyme",
"regulation",
"enzymes",
"metabolic",
"pathways",
"protein",
"structure",
"biology",
"enz... | 2013 | Organism-Adapted Specificity of the Allosteric Regulation of Pyruvate Kinase in Lactic Acid Bacteria |
Evolutionary development of vision has provided us with the capacity to detect moving objects . Concordant shifts of visual features suggest movements of the observer , whereas discordant changes are more likely to be indicating independently moving objects , such as predators or prey . Such distinction helps us to foc... | Evolution of vision has provided us with the capacity to detect moving objects . However , visual motion perception may occur both because of the movement of an observer in an otherwise stationary environment and because of independently moving observed objects . Distinguishing these two sources or simply recognizing t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"action",
"potentials",
"membrane",
"potential",
"brain",
"social",
"sciences",
"electrophysiology",
"light",
"neuroscience",
"electromagnetic",
"radiation",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"luminance",
"fun... | 2018 | Coding of self-motion-induced and self-independent visual motion in the rat dorsomedial striatum |
Etiological agents of acute , persistent , or relapsing clinical infections are often refractory to antibiotics due to multidrug resistance and/or antibiotic tolerance . Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes recalcitrant and severe acute chronic and persistent human inf... | Antibiotic resistant and tolerant bacterial pathogens are responsible for acute , chronic and persistent human infections recalcitrant to any current treatments . Therefore , there is an urgent need to identify new antimicrobial drugs that will help circumvent the current antibiotic resistance crisis . Bacterial pathog... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"drug",
"research",
"and",
"development",
"medical",
"microbiology",
"small",
"molecules",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"microbial",
"control",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"pharmacology",
"microbiology",
"... | 2014 | Identification of Anti-virulence Compounds That Disrupt Quorum-Sensing Regulated Acute and Persistent Pathogenicity |
Circadian rhythms provide organisms with an adaptive advantage , allowing them to regulate physiological and developmental events so that they occur at the most appropriate time of day . In plants , as in other eukaryotes , multiple transcriptional feedback loops are central to clock function . In one such feedback loo... | Circadian clocks help organize 24-hour rhythms in physiology and behavior so that critical organismal functions are optimally timed relative to highly predictable daily changes in the environment . Circadian clocks run at approximately the same pace across a wide range of temperatures , ensuring accurate timekeeping in... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"biology",
"plant",
"biology/plant",
"growth",
"and",
"development",
"plant",
"biology/plant",
"genetics",
"and",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression"
] | 2011 | REVEILLE8 and PSEUDO-REPONSE REGULATOR5 Form a Negative Feedback Loop within the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock |
The evolutionary fate of an allele ordinarily depends on its contribution to host fitness . Occasionally , however , genetic elements arise that are able to gain a transmission advantage while simultaneously imposing a fitness cost on their hosts . We previously discovered one such element in C . elegans that gains a t... | Natural selection typically favors only those genetic variants that increase the overall fitness of the organism . Occasionally , however , variants arise that are able to increase their representation in future generations , while simultaneously reducing the fertility or fecundity of their hosts . Although such varian... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome",
"evolution",
"population",
"genetics",
"epithelial",
"cells",
"gene",
"function",
"epistasis",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"caenorhabditis",
"elegans",
"model",
"organisms",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"linkage",
... | 2011 | A Novel Sperm-Delivered Toxin Causes Late-Stage Embryo Lethality and Transmission Ratio Distortion in C. elegans |
The origins of new genes are among the most fundamental questions in evolutionary biology . Our understanding of the ways that new genetic material appears and how that genetic material shapes population variation remains incomplete . De novo genes and duplicate genes are a key source of new genetic material on which s... | De novo genes and duplicate genes are a key source of new genetic material on which selection acts . To better understand the origins of these new gene sequences , we explored the ways that structural variation might alter expression patterns and form novel transcripts . These new genes can immediately form new protein... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"population",
"genetics",
"invertebrate",
"genomics",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"chromosome",
"mapping",
"experimental",
"organism",
... | 2019 | Chromosomal rearrangements as a source of new gene formation in Drosophila yakuba |
Human alveolar echinococcosis ( AE ) is known to be common in certain rural communities in China whilst it is generally rare and sporadic elsewhere . The objective of this study was to provide a first estimate of the global incidence of this disease by country . The second objective was to estimate the global disease b... | Human alveolar echinococcosis ( AE ) , caused by the larval stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis , is amongst the world's most dangerous zoonoses . Transmission to humans is by consumption of parasite eggs which are excreted in the faeces of the definitive hosts: foxes and , increasingly , dogs . Trans... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology/epidemiology",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology/global",
"health",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology/infectious",
"diseases"
] | 2010 | The Global Burden of Alveolar Echinococcosis |
To date , mutations within the coding region and translocations around the SOX9 gene both constitute the majority of genetic lesions underpinning human campomelic dysplasia ( CD ) . While pathological coding-region mutations typically result in a non-functional SOX9 protein , little is known about what mechanism ( s ) ... | Campomelic ( Greek: “bent limb” ) dysplasia is an often-lethal , autosomal-dominant genetic disorder . Typical clinical features include angular long bones , hypoplastic scapulae , cleft palate , clubbed feet , labored breathing and ambiguous external genitalia . To date , the only gene implicated in this disease is SO... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"luciferase",
"chondrocytes",
"enzymes",
"gene",
"regulation",
"biological",
"cultures",
"enzymology",
"sry",
"box",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"connective",
"tissue",
"cells",
"experime... | 2017 | Mesoderm-specific Stat3 deletion affects expression of Sox9 yielding Sox9-dependent phenotypes |
Infection with the trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni results in distinct heterogeneity of disease severity both in humans and in mice . In the experimental mouse model , severe disease is characterized by pronounced hepatic egg-induced granulomatous inflammation mediated by CD4 Th17 cells , whereas mild disease is... | Schistosomes are trematode helminths that cause widespread disease in vertebrates and are responsible for over 200 million human infections worldwide . The species Schistosoma mansoni causes a hepatic granulomatous inflammatory and fibrosing reaction against tissue trapped parasite eggs that varies greatly in humans an... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"model",
"organisms",
"genetics",
"immunology",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2011 | IRAK-2 Regulates IL-1-Mediated Pathogenic Th17 Cell Development in Helminthic Infection |
Early afterdepolarizations ( EADs ) are spontaneous depolarizations during the repolarization phase of an action potential in cardiac myocytes . It is widely known that EADs are promoted by increasing inward currents and/or decreasing outward currents , a condition called reduced repolarization reserve . Recent studies... | Early afterdepolarizations ( EADs ) are abnormal depolarizations during the plateau phase of action potential in cardiac myocytes , arising from a dual Hopf-homoclinic bifurcation . The same bifurcations are also responsible for certain types of bursting behaviors in other cell types , such as beta cells and neuronal c... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"action",
"potentials",
"muscle",
"tissue",
"bifurcation",
"theory",
"membrane",
"potential",
"vertebrates",
"electrophysiology",
"rabbits",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"mammals",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"animal",
"models",... | 2018 | Determinants of early afterdepolarization properties in ventricular myocyte models |
Cancer driver genes , i . e . , oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes , are involved in the acquisition of important functions in tumors , providing a selective growth advantage , allowing uncontrolled proliferation and avoiding apoptosis . It is therefore important to identify these driver genes , both for the fundamen... | Cancer development is driven by mutations and dysfunction of important , so-called cancer driver genes , that could be targeted by specific therapies . While a number of such cancer genes have already been identified , it is believed that many more remain to be discovered . To help prioritize experimental investigation... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"machine",
"learning",
"algorithms",
"genetic",
"networks",
"statistics",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"algorithms",
"mutation",
"mathematics",
"forecasting",
"artificial",
"intelligence",
"network",
"analysis",
"genome",
"analysis",
"mutation"... | 2019 | LOTUS: A single- and multitask machine learning algorithm for the prediction of cancer driver genes |
Dynamic properties are functionally important in many proteins , including the enzyme adenylate kinase ( AK ) , for which the open/closed transition limits the rate of catalytic turnover . Here , we compare our previously published coarse-grained ( double-well Gō ) simulation of mesophilic AK from E . coli ( AKmeso ) t... | Dynamic properties are functionally important in many proteins , including the enzyme adenylate kinase ( AK ) , which undergoes chemically rate-limiting domain motions coupled to substrate binding . Since mesophiles and thermophiles often differ in functionally important motions , we compare coarse-grained simulations ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"molecular",
"dynamics",
"molecular",
"mechanics",
"biophysics",
"simulations",
"proteins",
"biophysics",
"theory",
"chemistry",
"biology",
"biophysics",
"physics",
"biochemistry",
"computer",
"science",
"biophysic",
"al",
"simulatio... | 2011 | Interconversion of Functional Motions between Mesophilic and Thermophilic Adenylate Kinases |
Coronaviruses ( CoVs ) are important human and animal pathogens that induce fatal respiratory , gastrointestinal and neurological disease . The outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) in 2002/2003 has demonstrated human vulnerability to ( Coronavirus ) CoV epidemics . Neither vaccines nor therapeutic... | Broad-range anti-infective drugs are well known against bacteria , fungi , and parasites . These pathogens maintain their own metabolism distinctive from that of the host . Broad-range drugs can be obtained by targeting elements that several of these organisms have in common . In contrast , target overlap between diffe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"biology",
"veterinary",
"science"
] | 2011 | The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors |
During plant immunity , surface-localized pattern recognition receptors ( PRRs ) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns ( PAMPs ) . The transfer of PRRs between plant species is a promising strategy for engineering broad-spectrum disease resistance . Thus , there is a great interest in understanding the mecha... | Pests and diseases cause significant agricultural losses . Plants recognize pathogen-derived molecules via plasma membrane-localized immune receptors ( called pattern recognition receptors or PRRs ) , resulting in pathogen resistance . In recent years , the transfer of PRRs across plant species has emerged as a promisi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | The Phylogenetically-Related Pattern Recognition Receptors EFR and XA21 Recruit Similar Immune Signaling Components in Monocots and Dicots |
Cilia are organelles specialized in movement and signal transduction . The ciliary transient receptor potential ion channel polycystin-2 ( TRPP2 ) controls elementary cilia-mediated physiological functions ranging from male fertility and kidney development to left–right patterning . However , the molecular components t... | Cilia are extensions of the cell that project from the cell body and serve as cellular sensors that transduce extracellular stimuli into the cell . The molecular mechanisms involved in ciliary signal transduction include ciliary receptors and ion channels . The transient receptor potential channel polycystin-2 ( TRPP2 ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"cell",
"physiology",
"invertebrates",
"fish",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"vertebrates",
"electrophysiology",
"cell",
"metabolism",
"animals",
"neuroscience",
"animal",
"models",
"osteichthyes",
"germ",
"cells",
"developmental",
"biology",
"drosophila",
"mel... | 2018 | The mitochondrial transporter SLC25A25 links ciliary TRPP2 signaling and cellular metabolism |
Mast cell tumours are the most common type of skin cancer in dogs , representing a significant concern in canine health . The molecular pathogenesis is largely unknown , but breed-predisposition for mast cell tumour development suggests the involvement of inherited genetic risk factors in some breeds . In this study , ... | The combination of various genetic and environmental risk factors makes the understanding of the molecular circuitry behind complex diseases , like cancer , a major challenge . The homogeneous nature of pedigree dog breed genomes makes these dogs ideal for the identification of both simple disease-causing genetic varia... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"biopsy",
"variant",
"genotypes",
"vertebrates",
"alleles",
"mammals",
"dogs",
"animals",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"genetic",
"mapping",
"genome",
"analysis"... | 2019 | A synonymous germline variant in a gene encoding a cell adhesion molecule is associated with cutaneous mast cell tumour development in Labrador and Golden Retrievers |
Prion diseases are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders caused by prions , which consist mainly of the abnormally folded isoform of prion protein , PrPSc . A pivotal pathogenic event in prion disease is progressive accumulation of prions , or PrPSc , in brains through constitutive conformational conversion of t... | Once prions consisting mainly of PrPSc infect hosts , they constitutively propagate in their brains . Progressive production of PrPSc through the constitutive conformational conversion of PrPC into PrPSc underlies prion propagation . However , the mechanism enabling progressive production of PrPSc in prion-infected cel... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"transfection",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"lysosomes",
"animal",
"diseases",
"vesicles",
"immunofluorescence",
"staining",
"prions",
"gene",
"regulation",
"animal",
"prion",
"diseases",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
... | 2017 | Prions amplify through degradation of the VPS10P sorting receptor sortilin |
Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is a complex trait in which alleles at or near the class II loci HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 contribute significantly to genetic risk . HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-DRB1*17-bearing haplotypes and interactions at the HLA-DRB1 locus increase risk of MS but it has taken large samples to identify resistance HLA-... | Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is a complex neurological disease with a strong genetic component . With the possible exception of a weak association at Chromosome 5p , the major histocompatibility complex is the only locus consistently linked to MS . Because of this the major histocompatibility complex has recently undergon... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"homo",
"(human)",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"immunology",
"neurological",
"disorders"
] | 2007 | The Inheritance of Resistance Alleles in Multiple Sclerosis |
Immunological memory is the key biological process that makes vaccines possible . Although tuberculosis vaccines elicit protective immunity in animals , few provide durable protection . To understand why protection is transient , we evaluated the ability of memory CD4+ T cells to expand , differentiate , and control My... | Vaccines elicit pathogen-specific memory T cells whose early and potent activation upon infection should provide long-lasting control of bacterial growth . Although many experimental vaccines generate memory CD4+ T cells and can control the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) early during infection , none reli... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Memory",
"CD4",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods:"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"animal",
"models",
"preventive",
"medicine",
"vaccines",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"infectiou... | 2017 | Vaccine-elicited memory CD4+ T cell expansion is impaired in the lungs during tuberculosis |
Spermatogenesis is a complex process reliant upon interactions between germ cells ( GC ) and supporting somatic cells . Testicular Sertoli cells ( SC ) support GCs during maturation through physical attachment , the provision of nutrients , and protection from immunological attack . This role is facilitated by an activ... | To identify new genes involved in male fertility , we have used a chemical treatment to induce random mutations within the DNA of mice and then screened for mice exhibiting male infertility . We then used genetic mapping techniques to identify which chromosome the responsible gene was situated within and DNA sequencing... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"mutation",
"gene",
"function",
"developmental",
"biology",
"histology",
"organism",
"development",
"stem",
"cells",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"morphogenesis",
"gene",
"expression",
"biology",
"mutagenesis",
"sexual",
"differentiation",
"ge... | 2012 | KATNAL1 Regulation of Sertoli Cell Microtubule Dynamics Is Essential for Spermiogenesis and Male Fertility |
G-quadruplex DNA is a four-stranded DNA structure formed by non-Watson-Crick base pairing between stacked sets of four guanines . Many possible functions have been proposed for this structure , but its in vivo role in the cell is still largely unresolved . We carried out a genome-wide survey of the evolutionary conserv... | DNA can form structures other than the traditional double helix . The G-quadruplex , a stable four-stranded structure formed by guanine-rich DNA , is one such alternative structure . Sequence motifs with the potential to form G-quadruplex structures ( G4 DNA motifs ) are found in the genomes of many species . However ,... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"computer",
"science/applications",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/comparative",
"genomics",
"computational",
"biology/sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"computational",
"biology/comparative",
"sequence",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology/chromosome",
"structure",
"molecular",
"biolo... | 2010 | G-Quadruplex DNA Sequences Are Evolutionarily Conserved and Associated with Distinct Genomic Features in Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
The recruitment of dendritic cells to sites of infections and their migration to lymph nodes is fundamental for antigen processing and presentation to T cells . In the present study , we showed that antibody blockade of junctional adhesion molecule C ( JAM-C ) on endothelial cells removed JAM-C away from junctions and ... | Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted to humans through sand fly bites . Clinical symptoms vary from self-healing cutaneous lesions to death . Cutaneous leishmaniasis is particularly studied in mice inoculated with Leishmania major . In this model , some strains ( e . g . C57BL/6 ) are resistant due to a Th1... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"parasitology",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"immunology"
] | 2014 | Blocking Junctional Adhesion Molecule C Enhances Dendritic Cell Migration and Boosts the Immune Responses against Leishmania major |
Among the Plasmodium species that infect humans , adverse effects of P . falciparum and P . vivax have been extensively studied and reported with respect to poor outcomes particularly in first time mothers and in pregnant women living in areas with unstable malaria transmission . Although , other non-falciparum malaria... | P . falciparum and P . vivax infections during pregnancy have been extensively studied . Meanwhile , the dynamics of other non-falciparum malaria infections during pregnancy is not well understood . We investigated the prevalence of Plasmodium spp . in samples collected from Beninese women early in pregnancy and at del... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"parasite",
"groups",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"body",
"fluids",
"maternal",
"health",
"plasmodium",
"obstetrics",
"and",
"gynecology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"plasmodium",
"falciparum",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"p... | 2018 | Submicroscopic placental infection by non-falciparum Plasmodium spp. |
Salt stress is an important environmental factor that significantly limits crop productivity worldwide . Studies on responses of plants to salt stress in recent years have identified novel signaling pathways and have been at the forefront of plant stress biology and plant biology in general . Thus far , research on sal... | Salt stress greatly constrains the productivity of crops worldwide . With the increasing demand for food and fiber from the growing world population , sustainability of crop production is of fundamental importance . Studies with plants in the past decade have identified novel signaling pathways , and so far , research ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | A Nuclear Calcium-Sensing Pathway Is Critical for Gene Regulation and Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis |
The Venus Kinase Receptor ( VKR ) is a single transmembrane molecule composed of an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain close to that of insulin receptor and an extracellular Venus Flytrap ( VFT ) structure similar to the ligand binding domain of many class C G Protein Coupled Receptors . This receptor tyrosine kinase... | Schistosomiasis is a chronic , debilitating disease affecting more than 200 million people in the world caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma . Pathology is mainly due to massive egg production by parasites and formation of granulomas around the eggs trapped in liver and different organs . Therefore , ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"reproductive",
"system",
"enzymes",
"enzymology",
"sexual",
"reproduction",
"parasitology",
"physiological",
"processes",
"membrane",
"receptor",
"signaling",
"zoology",
"transferases",
"helminthology",
"biochemistry",
"signal",
"transduction",
"phosphorylases",
"anatomy",
"... | 2014 | Venus Kinase Receptors Control Reproduction in the Platyhelminth Parasite Schistosoma mansoni |
To successfully navigate their habitats , many mammals use a combination of two mechanisms , path integration and calibration using landmarks , which together enable them to estimate their location and orientation , or pose . In large natural environments , both these mechanisms are characterized by uncertainty: the pa... | Navigating robots face similar challenges to wild rodents in creating useable maps of their environments . Both must learn about their environments through experience , and in doing so face similar problems dealing with ambiguous and noisy information from their sensory inputs . Navigation research using robots has det... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computer",
"science/information",
"technology",
"computer",
"science/applications",
"neuroscience/theoretical",
"neuroscience",
"neuroscience/animal",
"cognition"
] | 2010 | Solving Navigational Uncertainty Using Grid Cells on Robots |
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pif1p helicase is a negative regulator of telomere length that acts by removing telomerase from chromosome ends . The catalytic subunit of yeast telomerase , Est2p , is telomere associated throughout most of the cell cycle , with peaks of association in both G1 phase ( when telomerase is no... | Telomeres , the ends of linear chromosomes , are essential for chromosome stability . Telomerase is the enzyme that is responsible for lengthening telomeres in most organisms , including humans . One mechanism of survival for many human cancers is increased expression of telomerase . In baker's yeast , telomerase acts ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"molecular",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"saccharomyces"
] | 2007 | Sensitivity of Yeast Strains with Long G-Tails to Levels of Telomere-Bound Telomerase |
In many insects , the accessory gland , a secretory tissue of the male reproductive system , is essential for male fertility . Male accessory gland is the major source of proteinaceous secretions , collectively called as seminal proteins ( or accessory gland proteins ) , which upon transfer , manipulate the physiology ... | Insects are the major contributors to biodiversity and have economic , agricultural and health importance . This unparalleled abundance of insects , in part , can be attributed to their high reproductive potential . In many insects , proteins derived from the accessory gland , the secretory tissue of male reproductive ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion",
"Materials",
"&",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"cell",
"death",
"electrochemical",
"cells",
"cell",
"processes",
"secondary",
"cells",
"animals",
"hormones",
"germ",
"cells",
"animal",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"membrane",
"receptor",
"signaling",
"experimental",
... | 2017 | Functional male accessory glands and fertility in Drosophila require novel ecdysone receptor |
The human X and Y chromosomes are heteromorphic but share a region of homology at the tips of their short arms , pseudoautosomal region 1 ( PAR1 ) , that supports obligate crossover in male meiosis . Although the boundary between pseudoautosomal and sex-specific DNA has traditionally been regarded as conserved among pr... | 95% of our genome is contained in 22 pairs of chromosomes shared by all humans . However , women and men differ in their sex chromosomes: while women have two X chromosomes , men have an X and a smaller , sex-determining Y chromosome . To ensure correct partition of X and Y into sperm , genetic exchange ( crossover ) m... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"recombination-based",
"assay",
"population",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"mapping",
"germ",
"cells",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"population",
"biology",
"dna",
"haplogroups",
"sperm",
"homologous",
"recombination",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"sex",
... | 2018 | Recombination hotspots in an extended human pseudoautosomal domain predicted from double-strand break maps and characterized by sperm-based crossover analysis |
Leptospira ( L . ) interrogans are bacteria responsible for a worldwide reemerging zoonosis . Some animals asymptomatically carry L . interrogans in their kidneys and excrete bacteria in their urine , which contaminates the environment . Humans are infected through skin contact with leptospires and develop mild to seve... | Leptospirosis is a worldwide neglected disease caused by the pathogenic bacterium named Leptospira interrogans . Some rodents , such as rats , do not get sick from leptospirosis and constitute a reservoir . They carry leptospires in their kidneys and excrete the bacteria in the environment . L . interrogans are mobile ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"characterization",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"vertebrates",
"mice",
"animals",
"mammals",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"optical",
"analysis",
"signs",
"and",
"symptoms",
"renal... | 2014 | Live Imaging of Bioluminescent Leptospira interrogans in Mice Reveals Renal Colonization as a Stealth Escape from the Blood Defenses and Antibiotics |
The downy mildew pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis ( Hpa ) is a filamentous oomycete that invades plant cells via sophisticated but poorly understood structures called haustoria . Haustoria are separated from the host cell cytoplasm and surrounded by an extrahaustorial membrane ( EHM ) of unknown origin . In some... | Haustoria are specialised invasive structures that project from fungal or oomycete hyphae into host plant cells during infection , acting as sites for molecular exchange between host and pathogen . Haustoria are targets of plant defence responses , including the deposition of membranes and polysaccharides in an encasem... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"plant",
"science"
] | 2014 | The Plasmodesmal Protein PDLP1 Localises to Haustoria-Associated Membranes during Downy Mildew Infection and Regulates Callose Deposition |
Birdsong is a complex vocal communication signal , and like humans , birds need to discriminate between similar sequences of sound with different meanings . The caudal mesopallium ( CM ) is a cortical-level auditory area implicated in song discrimination . CM neurons respond sparsely to conspecific song and are toleran... | Maintaining a stable mental representation of an object is an important task for sensory systems , requiring both recognizing the features required for identification and ignoring incidental changes in its presentation . The prevailing explanation for these processes emphasizes precise sets of connections between neuro... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"syllables",
"information",
"entropy",
"linguistics",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"signal",
"processing",
"vertebrates",
"social",
"sciences",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"con... | 2019 | A low-threshold potassium current enhances sparseness and reliability in a model of avian auditory cortex |
In the era of personalized medical practice , understanding the genetic basis of patient-specific adverse drug reaction ( ADR ) is a major challenge . Clozapine provides effective treatments for schizophrenia but its usage is limited because of life-threatening agranulocytosis . A recent high impact study showed the ne... | Idiosyncratic drug reactions ( IDR ) generally cannot be identified until after a drug is taken by a large population , but usually result in restricted use or withdrawal . Clozapine provides the most effective treatment for schizophrenia but its use is limited because of a life-threatening IDR , i . e . , the agranulo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"pharmacoepidemiology",
"mental",
"health",
"drugs",
"and",
"devices",
"chemical",
"biology",
"toxicology",
"pharmacodynamics",
"pharmacology",
"pharmacogenetics",
"adverse",
"reactions",
"chemistry",
"biology",
"biochemistry",
"computational",
"chemistry",
"drug"... | 2011 | Exploring Off-Targets and Off-Systems for Adverse Drug Reactions via Chemical-Protein Interactome — Clozapine-Induced Agranulocytosis as a Case Study |
Trachomatous trichiasis is thought to have a profound effect on quality of life ( QoL ) , however , there is little research in this area . We measured vision and health-related QoL in a case-control study in Amhara Region , Ethiopia . We recruited 1000 adult trichiasis cases and 200 trichiasis-free controls , matched ... | There is clear evidence that visual impairment generally reduces quality of life . However , relatively little is known about the impact that trachomatous trichiasis ( TT ) has on the lives of affected people with and without the presence of visual impairment . We measured the impact of TT on vision and health-related ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | The Impact of Trachomatous Trichiasis on Quality of Life: A Case Control Study |
Explore the association between clinical findings and prognosis in patients with acute decompensated heart failure ( ADHF ) and analyze the influence of etiology on clinical presentation and prognosis . Prospective cohort of 500 patients admitted with ADHF from Aug/2013-Feb/2016; patients were predominantly male ( 61 .... | It is recognized that the clinical evaluation of patients remains the basis for the characterization of diseases , data interpretation , and patient care . However , incorporation of technological methods into clinical practice has challenged the way cardiologists’ value of history and clinical examination . The presen... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"death",
"rates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"organ",
"transplantation",
"cardiac",
"transplantation",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"c... | 2018 | Clinical findings and prognosis of patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure: Analysis of the influence of Chagas etiology and ventricular function |
Wolbachia are maternally inherited symbiotic bacteria , commonly found in arthropods , which are able to manipulate the reproduction of their host in order to maximise their transmission . The evolutionary history of endosymbionts like Wolbachia can be revealed by integrating information on infection status in natural ... | Host–microbe interactions play important roles in the physiology , development , and ecology of many organisms . Studying how hosts and their microbial symbionts evolve together over time is crucial for understanding the impact that microbes have on host biology . With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technolog... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome",
"evolution",
"neutral",
"theory",
"population",
"genetics",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"animal",
"models",
"mutation",
"prokaryotic",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"metagenomics",
"model",
"organisms",
"coevolution",
"microbial",
"ev... | 2012 | Population Genomics of the Wolbachia Endosymbiont in Drosophila melanogaster |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.