Search is not available for this dataset
article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
values | title stringlengths 20 281 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HIV-1 Viral protein R ( Vpr ) induces a cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by activating the ATR DNA damage/stress checkpoint . Recently , we and several other groups showed that Vpr performs this activity by recruiting the DDB1-CUL4A ( VPRBP ) E3 ubiquitin ligase . While recruitment of this E3 ubiquitin ligase comple... | HIV-1 , the causative agent of AIDS , encodes several proteins termed accessory , which play a critical role in viral pathogenesis . One of these accessory proteins , viral protein R ( Vpr ) , has been found to block normal cell division . This impairment of cell division by Vpr is thought to increase viral replication... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"virology/virulence",
"factors",
"and",
"mechanisms",
"cell",
"biology/cellular",
"death",
"and",
"stress",
"responses",
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"signaling",
"virology/immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"biochemistry/replication",
"and",
"repair"
] | 2010 | Formation of Mobile Chromatin-Associated Nuclear Foci Containing HIV-1 Vpr and VPRBP Is Critical for the Induction of G2 Cell Cycle Arrest |
In networks of excitatory and inhibitory neurons with mutual synaptic coupling , specific drive to sub-ensembles of cells often leads to gamma-frequency ( 25–100 Hz ) oscillations . When the number of driven cells is too small , however , the synaptic interactions may not be strong or homogeneous enough to support the ... | Gamma-frequency ( 25–100 Hz ) oscillations in the brain often arise as a result of an interaction between excitatory and inhibitory cell populations . For this mechanism to work , the interaction must be sufficiently strong , and connectivity and external drives to participating neurons must be sufficiently homogeneous... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biology",
"neuroscience"
] | 2012 | Minimal Size of Cell Assemblies Coordinated by Gamma Oscillations |
Cerebrospinal fluid flow is crucial for neurodevelopment and homeostasis of the ventricular system of the brain , with localized flow being established by the polarized beating of the ependymal cell ( EC ) cilia . Here , we report a homozygous one base-pair deletion , c . 1193delT ( p . Leu398Glnfs*2 ) , in the Kinesin... | Cerebrospinal fluid flow is crucial for neurodevelopment and homeostasis of the ventricular system of the brain . Localized flows of cerebrospinal fluid throughout the ventricular system of the brain are established from the polarized beating of the ependymal cell ( EC ) cilia . Here , we identified a homozygous trunca... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"fish",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"kinesins",
"nervous",
"system",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"osteichthyes",
"mutation",
"model",
"organisms",
"molecular",
"motors",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"molecular",... | 2018 | Mutations in Kinesin family member 6 reveal specific role in ependymal cell ciliogenesis and human neurological development |
UTX ( KDM6A ) and UTY are homologous X and Y chromosome members of the Histone H3 Lysine 27 ( H3K27 ) demethylase gene family . UTX can demethylate H3K27; however , in vitro assays suggest that human UTY has lost enzymatic activity due to sequence divergence . We produced mouse mutations in both Utx and Uty . Homozygou... | Trimethylation at Lysine 27 of histone H3 ( H3K27me3 ) establishes a repressive chromatin state in silencing an array of crucial developmental genes . Polycomb repressive complex 2 ( PRC2 ) catalyzes this precise posttranslational modification and is required in several critical aspects of development including Hox gen... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetic",
"mutation",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"histone",
"modification",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"epigenetics",
"embryology",
"genomic",
"imprinting",
"gene",
"expression",
"biology",
"mouse",
"molecular",
"biology",
"gene... | 2012 | UTX and UTY Demonstrate Histone Demethylase-Independent Function in Mouse Embryonic Development |
When a perturbation is applied in a sensorimotor transformation task , subjects can adapt and maintain performance by either relying on sensory feedback , or , in the absence of such feedback , on information provided by rewards . For example , in a classical rotation task where movement endpoints must be rotated to re... | The brain has a robust ability to adapt to external perturbations imposed on acquired sensorimotor transformations . Here , we used a mathematical model to investigate the reward-based component in sensorimotor adaptations . We show that the shape of the delivered reward signal , which in experiments is usually binary ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience",
"motor",
"systems",
"biology",
"computational",
"neuroscience"
] | 2014 | Interference and Shaping in Sensorimotor Adaptations with Rewards |
Accurate identification of mycetoma causative agent is a priority for treatment . However , current identification tools are far from being satisfactory for both reliable diagnosis and epidemiological investigations . A rapid , simple , and highly efficient molecular based method for identification of agents of black g... | Treatment of eumycetoma largely depends on the causative pathogen . Identification of mycetoma agent with phenotypic features is too limited , and physiological and biochemical techniques are laborious , time-consuming and nonspecific , whereas the currently available molecular methods based on DNA sequencing are speci... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences"
] | 2014 | Rapid Identification of Black Grain Eumycetoma Causative Agents Using Rolling Circle Amplification |
Gene regulatory networks are composed of sub-networks that are often shared across biological processes , cell-types , and organisms . Leveraging multiple sources of information , such as publicly available gene expression datasets , could therefore be helpful when learning a network of interest . Integrating data acro... | Due to increasing availability of biological data , methods to properly integrate data generated across the globe become essential for extracting reproducible insights into relevant research questions . In this work , we developed a framework to reconstruct gene regulatory networks from expression datasets generated in... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"genetic",
"networks",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"gene",
"regulation",
"pathogens",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"bacillus",
"microbiology",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"fungi",
"prokaryotic",
"models",
"model",
"... | 2019 | Multi-study inference of regulatory networks for more accurate models of gene regulation |
Peroxisome biogenesis disorders ( PBD ) are a group of multi-system human diseases due to mutations in the PEX genes that are responsible for peroxisome assembly and function . These disorders lead to global defects in peroxisomal function and result in severe brain , liver , bone and kidney disease . In order to study... | Peroxisomes are organelles or component of cells that are involved in body chemistry for a number of specialized fats . Peroxisome biogenesis disorders ( PBD ) are a group of rare diseases in which patients have genetic defects in the synthesis of peroxisomes . These disorders affect multiple organs including the brain... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"carbohydrate",
"metabolism",
"invertebrates",
"glucose",
"metabolism",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"metabolomics",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"mitochondria",
"bioenergetics",
"peroxisomes",
"cellular",
"struc... | 2017 | Peroxisomal biogenesis is genetically and biochemically linked to carbohydrate metabolism in Drosophila and mouse |
In comparative genomics one analyzes jointly evolutionarily related species in order to identify conserved and diverged sequences and to infer their function . While such studies enabled the detection of conserved sequences in large genomes , the evolutionary dynamics of regulatory regions as a whole remain poorly unde... | Cells use sophisticated regulation to transform static genomic information into flexible function . We are still far from understanding how such regulation evolves . Short DNA sequences that physically bind transcription factors in promoter areas near target genes play an important role in gene regulation and are direc... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"transcriptional",
"regulation",
"computational",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"evolution",
"yeast"
] | 2008 | Evolution and Selection in Yeast Promoters: Analyzing the Combined Effect of Diverse Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Currently there are few studies characterising the nature and aetiology of human schistosome-related inflammatory processes . The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Chitinase 3-like 1 ( CHI3L1 ) , also known as YKL-40 , a molecule associated with inflammatory processes , and schistosome infecti... | Over 100 million people , mainly living in sub-Saharan Africa , are infected with the blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium . Morbidity includes anaemia , malnutrition , impaired cognition and physical growth as well as pathology of the urogenital tract . Urogenital morbidity is initiated by eggs laid at the site of infe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"immunopathology",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"schistosomiasis",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"immunology",
"biology",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"immune",
"... | 2012 | Chitinase 3-Like 1 Protein Levels Are Elevated in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children |
As malignant transformation requires synchronization of growth-driving signaling ( S ) and metabolic ( M ) pathways , defining cancer-specific S-M interconnected networks ( SMINs ) could lead to better understanding of oncogenic processes . In a systems-biology approach , we developed a mathematical model for SMINs in ... | Complex and highly dynamic interconnected networks allow cancer to take different routes and circumvent chemotherapy . Therefore , understanding these context-specific networks and their dynamics of molecular interactions driven by different oncogenic signaling and metabolic pathways is very much needed to predict drug... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"protein",
"interaction",
"networks",
"signaling",
"networks",
"protein",
"expression",
"network",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
"oncogenic",
"signaling",
"proteins... | 2019 | Connecting signaling and metabolic pathways in EGF receptor-mediated oncogenesis of glioblastoma |
Viral infection triggers induction of type I interferons ( IFNs ) , which are critical mediators of innate antiviral immune response . Mediator of IRF3 activation ( MITA , also called STING ) is an adapter essential for virus-triggered IFN induction pathways . How post-translational modifications regulate the activity ... | Virus infection induces the host cells to produce type I interferons , which are secreted proteins important for the host to clear viruses . Previously , we identified a cellular protein called MITA , which is essential for virus-triggered induction of interferons . In this study , we found an enzyme called RNF26 could... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"disease",
"immunology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"immunology"
] | 2014 | RNF26 Temporally Regulates Virus-Triggered Type I Interferon Induction by Two Distinct Mechanisms |
The establishment of apical-basolateral polarity is important for both normal development and disease , for example , during tumorigenesis and metastasis . During this process , polarity complexes are targeted to the apical surface by a RAB11A-dependent mechanism . Huntingtin ( HTT ) , the protein that is mutated in Hu... | In the adult mammary gland , tissue architecture is maintained through the regulation of the polarity of epithelial cells , which organize around a central cavity called the lumen . The mammary epithelium comprises a basal layer , which contains myoepithelial contractile cells and so-called mammary stem cells , and a l... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Huntingtin Is Required for Epithelial Polarity through RAB11A-Mediated Apical Trafficking of PAR3-aPKC |
Rift Valley fever ( RVF ) is a zoonotic arboviral disease that is a threat to human health , animal health and production , mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa . RVF virus dynamics have been poorly studied due to data scarcity . On the island of Mayotte in the Indian Ocean , off the Southeastern African coast , RVF has been p... | Rift Valley fever ( RVF ) is a viral zoonotic disease mainly present in Sub-Saharan Africa , transmitted by mosquitoes and primarily affecting livestock ( cattle , sheep and goats ) . The epidemiology of the disease is not fully known , mainly because of data scarcity . In Mayotte , an island close to Madagascar , RVF ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"livestock",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"rift",
"valley",
"fever",
"virus",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"ruminants",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"pathogens",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"... | 2016 | The Epidemiology of Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte: Insights and Perspectives from 11 Years of Data |
The pacific islands of Micronesia have experienced several outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases over the past decade . In outbreaks on small islands , the susceptible population is usually well defined , and there is no co-circulation of pathogens . Because of this , analysing such outbreaks can be useful for understan... | Dengue and Zika are related viruses that are transmitted by the same species of mosquitoes . While dengue is well described and has affected people around the world for a long time , Zika has only recently caused outbreaks in human populations . To investigate whether the expected behaviour of Zika is similar to that o... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"death",
"rates",
"invertebrates",
"dengue",
"virus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"demography",
"pathogens",
"vector-borne",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"animals",
"viruses... | 2016 | Comparative Analysis of Dengue and Zika Outbreaks Reveals Differences by Setting and Virus |
Mammals show a wide range of brain sizes , reflecting adaptation to diverse habitats . Comparing interareal cortical networks across brains of different sizes and mammalian orders provides robust information on evolutionarily preserved features and species-specific processing modalities . However , these networks are s... | It was recently shown that the network of connections between different areas of the macaque cortex has strong structural specificity in terms of the strength of connections as a function of the distance between areas . This has led to a model of cortex connectivity that predicts many observed architectural features , ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infographics",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neural",
"networks",
"nervous",
"system",
"vertebrates",
"mice",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"mammals",
"primates",
"network",
"analysis",
"old",
"world",
"monkeys",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
... | 2016 | Spatial Embedding and Wiring Cost Constrain the Functional Layout of the Cortical Network of Rodents and Primates |
The natural reservoir of Influenza A is waterfowl . Normally , waterfowl viruses are not adapted to infect and spread in the human population . Sometimes , through reassortment or through whole host shift events , genetic material from waterfowl viruses is introduced into the human population causing worldwide pandemic... | Influenza A's natural reservoir is waterfowl . Sometimes avian virus genomic segments are able to shift to a human host , either in toto or by combining with those that underwent a previous host shift event . Such host shift events can cause worldwide pandemics in their immunologically naive hosts . In order for these ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"evolutionary",
"biology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"virology/virus",
"evolution",
"and",
"symbiosis",
"computational",
"biology/comparative",
"sequence",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology/molecular",
"evolution",
"computational",
"biology/evolutionary",
"modelin... | 2009 | Identifying Changes in Selective Constraints: Host Shifts in Influenza |
Many viral infections , including HIV , exhibit sex-based pathogenic differences . However , few studies have examined vaccine-related sex differences . We compared immunogenicity and protective efficacy of monomeric SIV gp120 with oligomeric SIV gp140 in a pre-clinical rhesus macaque study and explored a subsequent se... | Viral infections can have different disease courses in men and women . Following HIV infection , women generally exhibit lower viral loads and higher CD4 counts than men , but paradoxically progress faster to AIDS . Sex differences result from effects of X-linked genes and hormonal influences , and are believed to be l... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Mucosal B Cells Are Associated with Delayed SIV Acquisition in Vaccinated Female but Not Male Rhesus Macaques Following SIVmac251 Rectal Challenge |
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ( KSHV ) interacts with human dermal endothelial cell surface tyrosine kinase EphrinA2 ( EphA2 ) and integrins ( α3β1 and αVβ3 ) in the lipid raft ( LR ) region , and EphA2 regulates macropinocytic virus entry by coordinating integrin-c-Cbl associated signaling . In contrast , KS... | KSHV is etiologically associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion B-cell lymphoma . To initiate its in vitro infection of endothelial cells , KSHV interacts with cell surface heparan sulfate , integrins , and EphrinA2 ( EphA2 ) molecules in the lipid raft ( LR ) regions , which induces the integrin-c-Cbl asso... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"virology",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"diseases",
"viral",
"replication"
] | 2013 | EphrinA2 Regulates Clathrin Mediated KSHV Endocytosis in Fibroblast Cells by Coordinating Integrin-Associated Signaling and c-Cbl Directed Polyubiquitination |
Paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase ( HN ) plays roles in viral entry and maturation , including binding to sialic acid receptors , activation of the F protein to drive membrane fusion , and enabling virion release during virus budding . HN can thereby directly influence virulence and in a subset of avirulent New... | Newcastle disease virus ( NDV ) can cause severe disease in birds , with the most virulent strains causing sudden death , even in vaccinated populations in the poultry industry . Highly virulent exotic NDV ( END ) strains have caused largescale outbreaks in the US in 1971 and 2003 , requiring the culling of 12 million ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"viral",
"enzymes",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"viral",
"structure",
"protein",
"folding",
"virulence",
"factors",
"and",
"mechanisms",
"proteins",
"biology",
"pathogenesis",
"biophysics",
"biochemistry",
"protein",
"chemistry",
"viral",
"envelope",
"... | 2012 | Structure of the Ulster Strain Newcastle Disease Virus Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Reveals Auto-Inhibitory Interactions Associated with Low Virulence |
Through their domestication and subsequent selection , sheep have been adapted to thrive in a diverse range of environments . To characterise the genetic consequence of both domestication and selection , we genotyped 49 , 034 SNP in 2 , 819 animals from a diverse collection of 74 sheep breeds . We find the majority of ... | During the process of domestication , mankind recruited animals from the wild into a captive environment , changing their morphology , behaviour , and genetics . In the case of sheep , domestication and subsequent selection by their animal handlers over thousands of years has produced a spectrum of breeds specialised f... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome",
"analysis",
"tools",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"population",
"genetics",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"processes",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Genome-Wide Analysis of the World's Sheep Breeds Reveals High Levels of Historic Mixture and Strong Recent Selection |
Increased chronic immune activation and inflammation are hallmarks of HIV/SIV infection and are highly correlated with progression to AIDS and development of non-AIDS comorbidities , such as hypercoagulability and cardiovascular disease . Intestinal dysfunction resulting in microbial translocation has been proposed as ... | We report that administration of the intraluminal antibiotic Rifaximin and the gut-focused anti-inflammatory drug Sulfasalazine to acutely SIV-infected pigtailed macaques is associated with a transient disruption of the vicious circle of inflammation-microbial translocation-immune activation which is pathognomonic to p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2016 | Antibiotic and Antiinflammatory Therapy Transiently Reduces Inflammation and Hypercoagulation in Acutely SIV-Infected Pigtailed Macaques |
Signaling pathways that control the activities in non-photosynthetic plastids , important sites of plant metabolism , are largely unknown . Previously , we demonstrated that WRKY2 and WRKY34 transcription factors play an essential role in pollen development downstream of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 ( MPK3 ) and ... | Plastids are important sites of plant metabolism including fatty acid and starch biosynthesis . At present , how the activities in the plastids are coordinated with those in the cytoplasm and the signaling pathway ( s ) involved are largely unknown . Previously , we demonstrated that WRKY2 and WRKY34 transcription fact... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"fluorescence",
"imaging",
"plant",
"anatomy",
"plastids",
"gene",
"regulation",
"plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"brassica",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"pollen",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"tran... | 2018 | Regulation of pollen lipid body biogenesis by MAP kinases and downstream WRKY transcription factors in Arabidopsis |
To gain insight into female-to-male HIV sexual transmission and how male circumcision protects against this mode of transmission , we visualized HIV-1 interactions with foreskin and penile tissues in ex vivo tissue culture and in vivo rhesus macaque models utilizing epifluorescent microscopy . 12 foreskin and 14 cadave... | Although several clinical trials have demonstrated that male circumcision can protect men from becoming infected with HIV , we know very little about how men get infected through sex and how circumcision changes this . In this study , we explored possible sites of virus transmission across the penis by looking at how H... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Visualization of HIV-1 Interactions with Penile and Foreskin Epithelia: Clues for Female-to-Male HIV Transmission |
Cis-regulatory modules that drive precise spatial-temporal patterns of gene expression are central to the process of metazoan development . We describe a new computational strategy to annotate genomic sequences based on their “pattern generating potential” and to produce quantitative descriptions of transcriptional reg... | The developmental program specifying segmentation along the anterior-posterior axis of the Drosophila embryo is one of the best studied examples of transcriptional regulatory networks . Previous work has identified the location and function of dozens of DNA segments called cis-regulatory “modules” that regulate several... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology/transcriptional",
"regulation"
] | 2010 | Quantitative Analysis of the Drosophila Segmentation Regulatory Network Using Pattern Generating Potentials |
A sustained outbreak of leptospirosis occurred in northeast Thailand between 1999 and 2003 , the basis for which was unknown . A prospective study was conducted between 2000 and 2005 to identify patients with leptospirosis presenting to Udon Thani Hospital in northeast Thailand , and to isolate the causative organisms ... | A sustained outbreak of human leptospirosis occurred in northeast Thailand between 1999 and 2003 , the basis for which was unknown . Leptospirosis is a potentially serious infection cause by bacteria known as Leptospira; infection usually occurs following environmental exposure to pathogenic Leptospira shed in the urin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections"
] | 2007 | A Dominant Clone of Leptospira interrogans Associated with an Outbreak of Human Leptospirosis in Thailand |
The power of forward genetics in yeast is the foundation on which the field of autophagy research firmly stands . Complementary work on autophagy in higher eukaryotes has revealed both the deep conservation of this process , as well as novel mechanisms by which autophagy is regulated in the context of development , imm... | Eukaryotic cells use autophagy to eliminate unwanted structures—such as protein aggregates , intracellular pathogens , and damaged organelles—that are too large to be handled by the proteasome . This unusual vesicle transport pathway begins with packaging of cytoplasmic targets into a double-membrane vesicle ( autophag... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"flow",
"cytometry",
"genome",
"engineering",
"cell",
"death",
"autophagic",
"cell",
"death",
"methods",
"and",
"resources",
"vesicles",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"synthetic",
"biology",
"cell",
"processes",
"green",
"fluorescent",
"protein",
"synthetic",
"b... | 2019 | CRISPR screening using an expanded toolkit of autophagy reporters identifies TMEM41B as a novel autophagy factor |
When multiple samples are taken from the neoplastic tissues of a single patient , it is natural to compare their mutation content . This is often done by bulk genotyping of whole biopsies , but the chance that a mutation will be detected in bulk genotyping depends on its local frequency in the sample . When the underly... | Researchers who take multiple samples from a cancer or pre-cancer tissue and find that some samples show far more mutations than others are likely to conclude that the high-mutation samples reflect cells with an abnormal mutation or growth rate . We considered the common practice of testing a bulk sample for mutations ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"taxonomy",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"biopsy",
"cloning",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"phylogenetics",
"data",
"management",
"phylogenetic",
"analysis",
"gastroenterology",
"and",
"hepatology",
"molecular",
"biology",
"technique... | 2016 | Bulk Genotyping of Biopsies Can Create Spurious Evidence for Hetereogeneity in Mutation Content |
Thermodynamics dictates the structure and function of metabolism . Redox reactions drive cellular energy and material flow . Hence , accurately quantifying the thermodynamics of redox reactions should reveal design principles that shape cellular metabolism . However , only few redox potentials have been measured , and ... | Redox reactions define the energetic constraints within which life can exist . However , measurements of reduction potentials are scarce and unstandardized , and current prediction methods fall short of desired accuracy and coverage . Here , we harness quantum chemistry tools to enable the high-throughput prediction of... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"quantum",
"chemistry",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"density",
"functional",
"theory",
"enzymes",
"enzymology",
"organic",
"compounds",
"carboxylic",
"acids",
"quantum",
"mechanics",
"thermodynamics",
"oxidation-reduction",
"reactions",
"proteins",
"acids",
"oxidoreductases",
... | 2018 | Quantum chemistry reveals thermodynamic principles of redox biochemistry |
We have carried out a comprehensive analysis of the determinants of human influenza A H3 hemagglutinin evolution . We consider three distinct predictors of evolutionary variation at individual sites: solvent accessibility ( as a proxy for protein fold stability and/or conservation ) , Immune Epitope Database ( IEDB ) e... | The influenza virus is one of the most rapidly evolving human viruses . Every year , it accumulates mutations that allow it to evade the host immune response of previously infected individuals . Which sites in the virus’ genome allow this immune escape and the manner of escape is not entirely understood , but conventio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Geometric Constraints Dominate the Antigenic Evolution of Influenza H3N2 Hemagglutinin |
Phenotypic variation between individuals of a species is often under quantitative genetic control . Genomic analysis of gene expression polymorphisms between individuals is rapidly gaining popularity as a way to query the underlying mechanistic causes of variation between individuals . However , there is little direct ... | Natural genetic variation and the resulting phenotypic variation between individuals within a species have been of longstanding interest in wide-ranging fields . However , the molecular underpinnings of this phenotypic variation are relatively uncharted . Recently , genomics methodologies have been applied to understan... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"plant",
"biology",
"arabidopsis",
"computational",
"biology",
"plants",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2007 | Linking Metabolic QTLs with Network and cis-eQTLs Controlling Biosynthetic Pathways |
Trypanosoma cruzi , the protozoan causative of Chagas disease , is classified into six main Discrete Typing Units ( DTUs ) : TcI-TcVI . This parasite has around 105 copies of the minicircle hypervariable region ( mHVR ) in their kinetoplastic DNA ( kDNA ) . The genetic diversity of the mHVR is virtually unknown . Howev... | Chagas disease is an important public health problem in Latin America showing a wide diversity of clinical manifestations and epidemiological patterns . It is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi . This parasite is genetically diverse and classified into six main lineages . However , the relationship between intra-... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Accession",
"numbers",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"taxonomy",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"phylogenetics",
"data",
"management",
"protozoans",
"mitochondria",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"bioenergetics",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organelles"... | 2019 | Elucidating diversity in the class composition of the minicircle hypervariable region of Trypanosoma cruzi: New perspectives on typing and kDNA inheritance |
Cell fusion in genetically identical Neurospora crassa germlings and in hyphae is a highly regulated process involving the activation of a conserved MAP kinase cascade that includes NRC-1 , MEK-2 and MAK-2 . During chemotrophic growth in germlings , the MAP kinase cascade members localize to conidial anastomosis tube (... | Cell fusion between genetically identical cells of the fungus Neurospora crassa occurs when germinating asexual cells ( conidia ) sense each other's proximity and redirect their growth . Chemotropic growth is dependent upon the assembly of a MAPK cascade ( NRC-1/MEK-2/MAK-2 ) at the cell cortex ( conidial anastomosis t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"fungal",
"biochemistry",
"signal",
"transduction",
"mycology",
"mitogenic",
"signaling",
"fungi",
"cell",
"biology",
"neurospora",
"crassa",
"fungal",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",... | 2014 | HAM-5 Functions As a MAP Kinase Scaffold during Cell Fusion in Neurospora crassa |
Protein S-palmitoylation , a hydrophobic post-translational modification , is performed by protein acyltransferases that have a common DHHC Cys-rich domain ( DHHC proteins ) , and provides a regulatory switch for protein membrane association . In this work , we analyzed the presence of DHHC proteins in the protozoa par... | Giardiasis is a major cause of non-viral/non-bacterial diarrheal disease worldwide and has been included within the WHO Neglected Disease Initiative since 2004 . Infection begins with the ingestion of Giardia lamblia in cyst form , which , after exposure to gastric acid in the host stomach and proteases in the duodenum... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"parasitology",
"microbiology"
] | 2014 | Identification of Giardia lamblia DHHC Proteins and the Role of Protein S-palmitoylation in the Encystation Process |
Since its emergence in 2007 in Micronesia and Polynesia , the arthropod-borne flavivirus Zika virus ( ZIKV ) has spread in the Americas and the Caribbean , following first detection in Brazil in May 2015 . The risk of ZIKV emergence in Europe increases as imported cases are repeatedly reported . Together with chikungun... | In May 2015 , local transmission of Zika virus ( ZIKV ) was reported in Brazil and since then , more than 1 . 5 million human cases have been reported in Latin America and the Caribbean . This arbovirus , primarily found in Africa and Asia , is mainly transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes , Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"togaviruses",
"chikungunya",
"infection",
"pathogens",
"geographical",
"locations",
"microbiology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"saliva",
"animals",
"alp... | 2016 | Zika Virus, a New Threat for Europe? |
Iran , despite its size , geographic location and past cultural influence , has largely been a blind spot for human population genetic studies . With only sparse genetic information on the Iranian population available , we pursued its genome-wide and geographic characterization based on 1021 samples from eleven ethnic ... | Based on genome-wide genotype data on over 1000 samples from eleven ethnic groups present in Iran and by comparison to reference data sets of both extant populations and ancient DNA samples , we show that the Iranian population comprises distinct genetic variation with respect to populations in close geographic proximi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"population",
"genetics",
"geographical",
"locations",
"social",
"sciences",
"neuroscience",
"ancient",
"dna",
"ethnicities",
"cognitive",
"psychology",
"paleontology",
"dna",
"population",
"biology",
"paleogenetics",
"persian",
"people",
"arabic",
"people",
"language",
"... | 2019 | Distinct genetic variation and heterogeneity of the Iranian population |
Recommendations for soil-transmitted helminth ( STH ) control give a key role to deworming of school and pre-school age children with albendazole or mebendazole; which might be insufficient to achieve adequate control , particularly against Strongyloides stercoralis . The impact of preventive chemotherapy ( PC ) agains... | Soil-transmitted helminth ( STH ) infections are a relevant public health problem in resource restricted settings due to their potential to perpetuate poverty , since chronic infections are associated with learning and grow impairment in children and reduced productivity in adults . The current strategy for STH control... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"children",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"helminths",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"hookworms",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"anemia",
"animals",
"health",
"care",
"age",
"groups",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"strongyloides",
"stercoralis",
... | 2017 | Albendazole and ivermectin for the control of soil-transmitted helminths in an area with high prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis and hookworm in northwestern Argentina: A community-based pragmatic study |
B cells can contribute to acquired immunity against intracellular bacteria , but do not usually participate in primary clearance . Here , we examined the endogenous CD4 T cell response to genital infection with Chlamydia muridarum using MHC class-II tetramers . Chlamydia-specific CD4 T cells expanded rapidly and persis... | Sexually transmitted infections caused by Chlamydia are increasing every year in the US and an effective vaccine is urgently required . Unfortunately , we currently only have a rudimentary understanding of the natural host immune response to Chlamydia infection , especially in the context of the female genital tract . ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | B Cells Enhance Antigen-Specific CD4 T Cell Priming and Prevent Bacteria Dissemination following Chlamydia muridarum Genital Tract Infection |
Eye movements affect object localization and object recognition . Around saccade onset , briefly flashed stimuli appear compressed towards the saccade target , receptive fields dynamically change position , and the recognition of objects near the saccade target is improved . These effects have been attributed to differ... | Early in the vertebrate lineage fast movements of the eye , called saccades , developed . This improvement in spatial direction selectivity has been achieved at a cost to handle a sequence of different views . Recent experiments showed that the brain uses its knowledge about the upcoming eye movement to guide perceptio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"physiology",
"neuroscience",
"homo",
"(human)",
"primates"
] | 2008 | The Peri-Saccadic Perception of Objects and Space |
Glycosylation is a fundamental modification of proteins and membrane lipids . Toxins that utilize glycans as their receptors have served as powerful tools to identify key players in glycosylation processes . Here , we carried out Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ( CRISPR ) -Cas9–mediated genome... | Shiga and Shiga-like toxins ( Stxs ) are a family of bacterial toxins and key virulence factors for the bacteria Shigella dysenteriae and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli ( EHEC ) , which cause food poisoning throughout the world . Ricin is a plant toxin and a potential bioterrorism agent . Stxs recognize the host re... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"cell",
"binding",
"glycolipids",
"cell",
"physiology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"methods",
"and",
"resources",
"toxins",
"cell",
"viability",
"testing",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"sphingolipids",
"toxic",
"agents",
"toxicology",
"r... | 2018 | Genome-wide CRISPR screens for Shiga toxins and ricin reveal Golgi proteins critical for glycosylation |
Bacteria can arrest their own growth and proliferation upon nutrient depletion and under various stressful conditions to ensure their survival . However , the molecular mechanisms responsible for suppressing growth and arresting the cell cycle under such conditions remain incompletely understood . Here , we identify po... | The duplication of genetic material is a prerequisite for cellular growth and proliferation . Under optimal growth conditions , when cells strive to grow and divide , DNA replication must be initiated with high frequency . However , under nutrient limiting conditions cells stop initiating DNA replication to ensure cell... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Nutritional Control of DNA Replication Initiation through the Proteolysis and Regulated Translation of DnaA |
Faithful execution of developmental gene expression programs occurs at multiple levels and involves many different components such as transcription factors , histone-modification enzymes , and mRNA processing proteins . Recent evidence suggests that nucleoporins , well known components that control nucleo-cytoplasmic t... | Development of multicellular organisms such as humans requires appropriate activation of gene expression programs according to stages of differentiation . Many proteins that directly regulate this process have been identified , including histone-modifying enzymes and transcription factors . It is not clear whether nucl... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biology"
] | 2013 | Dynamic Association of NUP98 with the Human Genome |
Social distancing practices are changes in behavior that prevent disease transmission by reducing contact rates between susceptible individuals and infected individuals who may transmit the disease . Social distancing practices can reduce the severity of an epidemic , but the benefits of social distancing depend on the... | One of the easiest ways for people to lower their risk of infection during an epidemic is for them to reduce their rate of contact with infectious individuals . However , the value of such actions depends on how the epidemic progresses . Few analyses of behavior change to date have accounted for how changes in behavior... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Model",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/epidemiology",
"and",
"control",
"of",
"infectious",
"diseases"
] | 2010 | Game Theory of Social Distancing in Response to an Epidemic |
DNA topology has fundamental control over the ability of transcription factors to access their target DNA sites at gene promoters . However , the influence of DNA topology on protein–DNA and protein–protein interactions is poorly understood . For example , relaxation of DNA supercoiling strongly induces the well-studie... | DNA is often considered to be a passive carrier of genetic information , but in fact DNA is an active participant in coordinating the expression of the genes it carries . This is because DNA is a dynamic molecule that can assume a wide range of topologies , and this has a direct impact on the formation of the protein–D... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"nucleic",
"acids",
"proteins",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"dna",
"biology",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"microbiology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"bacterial",
"pathogens"
] | 2012 | A Fundamental Regulatory Mechanism Operating through OmpR and DNA Topology Controls Expression of Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands SPI-1 and SPI-2 |
In many settings , copying , learning from or assigning value to group behavior is rational because such behavior can often act as a proxy for valuable returns . However , such herd behavior can also be pathologically misleading by coaxing individuals into behaviors that are otherwise irrational and it may be one sourc... | In this study we examine the neural substrates of inter-personal error signals on behavior in an investment task using real historical markets . We show that behaviorally , subjects correlate their investments , despite the fact that another trader has no extra information about how the market may move . These behavior... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Keeping up with the Joneses: Interpersonal Prediction Errors and the Correlation of Behavior in a Tandem Sequential Choice Task |
Chromatin structure plays an important role in modulating the accessibility of genomic DNA to regulatory proteins in eukaryotic cells . We performed an integrative analysis on dozens of recent datasets generated by deep-sequencing and high-density tiling arrays , and we discovered an array of well-positioned nucleosome... | The accessibility of genomic DNA to regulatory proteins and to the transcriptional machinery plays an important role in eukaryotic transcription regulation . Some regulatory proteins alter chromatin structures by evicting histones in selected loci . Nonetheless , no regulatory proteins have been reported to position nu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/chromosome",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology/transcriptional",
"regulation"
] | 2008 | The Insulator Binding Protein CTCF Positions 20 Nucleosomes around Its Binding Sites across the Human Genome |
An important goal of systems medicine is to study disease in the context of genetic and environmental perturbations to the human interactome network . For diseases with both genetic and infectious contributors , a key postulate is that similar perturbations of the human interactome by either disease mutations or pathog... | Cellular function and behaviour are driven by highly coordinated biomolecular interaction networks . A prime example is the protein-protein interaction network , often simply referred to as the “interactome” . Recent advances in systems biology have spawned the view of human disease as a manifestation of genetic and en... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"microbial",
"mutation",
"interaction",
"networks",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"viruses",
"and",
"cancer",
"pathogens",
"cancer",
"risk",
"factors",
"microbiology",
"retroviruses",
"viruses",
"immunodeficiency",
... | 2019 | Convergent perturbation of the human domain-resolved interactome by viruses and mutations inducing similar disease phenotypes |
Louse-borne relapsing fever ( LBRF ) borreliosis is caused by Borrelia recurrentis , and it is a deadly although treatable disease that is endemic in the Horn of Africa but has epidemic potential . Research on LBRF has been severely hampered because successful infection with B . recurrentis has been achieved only in pr... | Research on Borrelia recurrentis , the agent of louse-borne relapsing fever ( LBRF ) , has been hampered by the lack of a feasible non-primate animal model . By using immunocompromised SCID mice deficient in B- and T-cells , we were able to establish a stable , persistent B . recurrentis infection with low spirochetemi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases/tropical",
"and",
"travel-associated",
"diseases",
"microbiology/immunity",
"to",
"infections"
] | 2009 | A Novel Animal Model of Borrelia recurrentis Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever Borreliosis Using Immunodeficient Mice |
Angiogenesis plays a key role in tumor growth and cancer progression . TIE-2-expressing monocytes ( TEM ) have been reported to critically account for tumor vascularization and growth in mouse tumor experimental models , but the molecular basis of their pro-angiogenic activity are largely unknown . Moreover , differenc... | Tumor vascularization is essential for tumor growth and cancer progression . In breast cancer , monocytes are angiogenic , i . e . able to induce tumor vascularization . In patients , blood circulating monocytes drastically increase their angiogenic activity when reaching the tumor , suggesting that the tumor microenvi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Angiogenic Activity of Breast Cancer Patients’ Monocytes Reverted by Combined Use of Systems Modeling and Experimental Approaches |
Drosophila leg morphogenesis occurs under the control of a relatively well-known genetic cascade , which mobilizes both cell signaling pathways and tissue-specific transcription factors . However , their cross-regulatory interactions , deployed to refine leg patterning , remain poorly characterized at the gene expressi... | Limb morphogenesis is controlled by a well-known genetic cascade , mobilizing both cell signaling and tissue-specific transcription factors ( TFs ) . However , how their concerted action refines gene expression remains to be deciphered . It is thus crucial to understand how cell signaling inputs are integrated by trans... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"legs",
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"limbs",
"(anatomy)",
"cloning",
"transcription",
"factors",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"research",
"a... | 2017 | Tissue-specific enhancer repression through molecular integration of cell signaling inputs |
During Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating-type switching , an HO endonuclease-induced double-strand break ( DSB ) at MAT is repaired by recombining with one of two donors , HMLα or HMRa , located at opposite ends of chromosome III . MATa cells preferentially recombine with HMLα; this decision depends on the Recombination ... | Mating-type gene switching occurs by a DSB–initiated gene conversion event using one of two donors , HML or HMR . MATa cells preferentially recombine with HML whereas MATα cells choose HMR . Donor preference is governed by the Recombination Enhancer ( RE ) , located about 17 kb from HML . RE is repressed in MATα cells ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"model",
"organisms",
"genetics",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"biophysics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Regulation of Budding Yeast Mating-Type Switching Donor Preference by the FHA Domain of Fkh1 |
For all animals , the taste sense is crucial to detect and avoid ingesting toxic molecules . Many toxins are synthesized by plants as a defense mechanism against insect predation . One example of such a natural toxic molecule is l-canavanine , a nonprotein amino acid found in the seeds of many legumes . Whether and how... | Plants evolve to fend off the insects that attack them , often by synthesizing compounds toxic to insects . In turn , insects develop strategies to avoid these plants or resist their toxins . Some plant toxins are nonprotein amino acids . For example , seeds from numerous legumes contain high amounts of l-canavanine , ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/behavioral",
"neuroscience",
"neuroscience/sensory",
"systems",
"cell",
"biology/neuronal",
"signaling",
"mechanisms",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"function",
"pharmacology"
] | 2009 | Plant Insecticide L-Canavanine Repels Drosophila via the Insect Orphan GPCR DmX |
Motor tics are a cardinal feature of Tourette syndrome and are traditionally associated with an excess of striatal dopamine in the basal ganglia . Recent evidence increasingly supports a more articulated view where cerebellum and cortex , working closely in concert with basal ganglia , are also involved in tic producti... | Tourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by vocal and motor tics . Tics represent a cardinal symptom traditionally associated with a dysfunction of the basal ganglia leading to an excess of the dopamine neurotransmitter . This view gives a restricted clinical picture and limits therapeutic approac... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"neuropsychiatric",
"disorders",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neurochemistry",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"dopaminergics",
"brain",
"vertebrates",
"neuroscience",
"organic",
"compounds",
"animals",
"mammals",
"hormones",
"primates",
"amines",
"neurotransmitters",
... | 2017 | Dysfunctions of the basal ganglia-cerebellar-thalamo-cortical system produce motor tics in Tourette syndrome |
Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of Buruli ulcer ( BU ) . This nontuberculous mycobacterial infection has been reported in 34 countries worldwide . In Australia , the majority of cases of BU have been recorded in coastal Victoria and the Mossman-Daintree areas of north Queensland . Mosquitoes have been pos... | The causative agent of Buruli ulcer is Mycobacterium ulcerans . This destructive skin disease is characterized by extensive and painless necrosis of skin and underlying tissues usually on extremities of body due to production of toxin named mycolactone . The disease is prevalent in Africa and coastal Australia . The ex... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusions"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"population",
"genetics",
"geographical",
"locations",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"australia",
"animals",
"gene",
"pool",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"signs",
"and",
"sympt... | 2019 | A survey on Mycobacterium ulcerans in Mosquitoes and March flies captured from endemic areas of Northern Queensland, Australia |
How small heat shock proteins ( sHsps ) might empower proteostasis networks to control beneficial prions or disassemble pathological amyloid is unknown . Here , we establish that yeast sHsps , Hsp26 and Hsp42 , inhibit prionogenesis by the [PSI+] prion protein , Sup35 , via distinct and synergistic mechanisms . Hsp42 p... | Amyloid fibers are protein aggregates that are associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases , including Parkinson's disease , for which there are no effective treatments . They can also play beneficial roles; in yeast , for example , they are associated with increased survival and the evolution of new traits . A... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"protein",
"chemistry",
"proteins",
"protein",
"folding",
"macromolecular",
"assemblies",
"biology",
"biophysics",
"neuroscience"
] | 2012 | Small Heat Shock Proteins Potentiate Amyloid Dissolution by Protein Disaggregases from Yeast and Humans |
Plague is a life-threatening disease caused by the bacterium , Yersinia pestis . Since the 1990s , Africa has accounted for the majority of reported human cases . In Uganda , plague cases occur in the West Nile region , near the border with Democratic Republic of Congo . Despite the ongoing risk of contracting plague i... | Plague , a severe and often fatal zoonotic disease , is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis . Currently , the majority of human cases have been reported from resource limited areas of Africa , where the proximity to commensal rats and other small mammals increases the likelihood for human contact with infected anim... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"plagues",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"pathogens",
"geographical",
"locations",
"microbiology",
"uganda",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"pulmonology",
"mammals",
"bacterial... | 2016 | Two Distinct Yersinia pestis Populations Causing Plague among Humans in the West Nile Region of Uganda |
Within the liver a single Plasmodium parasite transforms into thousands of blood-infective forms to cause malaria . Here , we use RNA-sequencing to identify host genes that are upregulated upon Plasmodium berghei infection of hepatocytes with the hypothesis that host pathways are hijacked to benefit parasite developmen... | Plasmodium parasites undergo an obligatory morphogenesis and replication within the liver before they invade red blood cells and cause malaria . The liver stage is clinically silent but essential for the Plasmodium parasite to complete its life cycle . During this time , the parasite relies on the host cell to support ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"parasite",
"groups",
"liver",
"plasmodium",
"gene",
"regulation",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"parasitology",
"developmental",
"biology",
"apicomplexa",
"protozoans",
"red",
"blood",
"ce... | 2018 | Plasmodium parasite exploits host aquaporin-3 during liver stage malaria infection |
The ability to generate new meaning by rearranging combinations of meaningless sounds is a fundamental component of language . Although animal vocalizations often comprise combinations of meaningless acoustic elements , evidence that rearranging such combinations generates functionally distinct meaning is lacking . Her... | A major question in language evolution is how its generative power emerged . This power , which allows the communication of limitless thoughts and ideas , is a result of the combinatorial nature of human language: meaningless phonemes can be combined to form meaningful words ( phonology ) , and words can be combined to... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Experimental Evidence for Phonemic Contrasts in a Nonhuman Vocal System |
The intersection of genome-wide association analyses with physiological and functional data indicates that variants regulating islet gene transcription influence type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) predisposition and glucose homeostasis . However , the specific genes through which these regulatory variants act remain poorly charac... | Genetic studies have uncovered many different parts of the genome playing a role in the risk of developing diabetes , or affecting blood sugar levels in the normal population . However , it has so far been difficult to tie these parts of the genome to genes that are responsible for the observed changes in risk and/or b... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Transcript Expression Data from Human Islets Links Regulatory Signals from Genome-Wide Association Studies for Type 2 Diabetes and Glycemic Traits to Their Downstream Effectors |
Two surgical options are available for cystic echinococcosis ( CE ) . The two principal approaches are radical ( resection of the cyst ) and conservative ( evacuation of the cyst content and partial removal of the cyst capsule ) . Here , we describe a standardized endocystectomy technique for hepatic echinococcosis . T... | Cystic echinococcosis ( CE ) is a parasitic disease caused by ingestion of the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus . The liver is the most commonly infected organ . There are currently four treatments for CE: surgery , percutaneous treatment , medical treatment ( benzimidazoles ) , and watch-and-wait strategy . Tre... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"diagnostic",
"radiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"bile",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"magnetic",
"resonance",
... | 2019 | Standardized endocystectomy technique for surgical treatment of uncomplicated hepatic cystic echinococcosis |
Gene tree topologies have proven a powerful data source for various tasks , including species tree inference and species delimitation . Consequently , methods for computing probabilities of gene trees within species trees have been developed and widely used in probabilistic inference frameworks . All these methods assu... | Species trees depict how species split and diverge . Within the branches of a species tree , gene trees , which depict the evolutionary histories of different genomic regions in the species , grow . Evolutionary analyses of the genomes of closely related organisms have highlighted the phenomenon that gene trees may dis... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"genetics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"population",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | The Probability of a Gene Tree Topology within a Phylogenetic Network with Applications to Hybridization Detection |
During transcription , the nascent pre-mRNA undergoes a series of processing steps before being exported to the cytoplasm . The 3′-end processing machinery involves different proteins , this function being crucial to cell growth and viability in eukaryotes . Here , we found that the rna14-1 , rna15-1 , and hrp1-5 allel... | DNA damage occurs constantly in living cells and needs to be recognized and repaired to avoid mutations . DNA repair is particularly relevant for lesions occurring in actively transcribed DNA strands because the RNA polymerase cannot proceed through a damaged site . Stalled RNA polymerases and persisting DNA lesions ca... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cellular",
"stress",
"responses",
"model",
"organisms",
"rna",
"processing",
"dna",
"replication",
"nucleic",
"acids",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"gene",
"regulation",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"yeast",
"and",
"fungal",
"models",
"biology",
"saccharomyces",
"ce... | 2014 | Cleavage Factor I Links Transcription Termination to DNA Damage Response and Genome Integrity Maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
Hox genes in species across the metazoa encode transcription factors ( TFs ) containing highly-conserved homeodomains that bind target DNA sequences to regulate batteries of developmental target genes . DNA-bound Hox proteins , together with other TF partners , induce an appropriate transcriptional response by RNA Poly... | Mutations of Hox developmental genes in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster may provoke spectacular changes in form: transformations of one body part into another , or loss of organs . This attribute identifies them as important developmental genes . Insect and vertebrate Hox proteins contain highly related homeodoma... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"animal",
"genetics",
"protein",
"interactions",
"enzymology",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"animals",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"dna",
"transcription",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"orga... | 2014 | Drosophila melanogaster Hox Transcription Factors Access the RNA Polymerase II Machinery through Direct Homeodomain Binding to a Conserved Motif of Mediator Subunit Med19 |
Bacterial and human voltage-gated sodium channels ( Navs ) exhibit similar cation selectivity , despite their distinct EEEE and DEKA selectivity filter signature sequences . Recent high-resolution structures for bacterial Navs have allowed us to learn about ion conduction mechanisms in these simpler homo-tetrameric cha... | Ion channels can rapidly and selectively conduct an ionic species , essential for the firing of neurons , where sodium and potassium channels respond to changes in membrane potential to release stores of sodium and potassium ions in succession . The ability of a protein pore to discriminate between these two nearly ide... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"electricity",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"organic",
"compounds",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"ion",
"channels",
"electrostatics",
"basic",
"amino",
"acids",
"amino",
"acids",
"thermodynamics... | 2018 | Selective ion permeation involves complexation with carboxylates and lysine in a model human sodium channel |
The gene encoding the GroEL chaperonin is duplicated in nearly 30% of bacterial genomes; and although duplicated groEL genes have been comprehensively determined to have distinct physiological functions in different species , the mechanisms involved have not been characterized to date . Myxococcus xanthus DK1622 has tw... | GroEL is a type I chaperonin , involved in protein folding , assembly , and transport . It is a major group of heat-shock proteins that are over-expressed at high temperatures and has fundamental roles in growth and survival at non-permissive temperatures . Because of its importance in many cellular processes , the gro... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"genomic",
"evolution",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2013 | Mechanisms Involved in the Functional Divergence of Duplicated GroEL Chaperonins in Myxococcus xanthus DK1622 |
Zinc finger MYND-type-containing 10 ( ZMYND10 ) , a cytoplasmic protein expressed in ciliated cells , causes primary ciliary dyskinesia ( PCD ) when mutated; however , its function is poorly understood . Therefore , in this study , we examined the roles of ZMYND10 using Zmynd10–/–mice exhibiting typical PCD phenotypes ... | Dynein arm defects are linked to primary ciliary dyskinesia ( PCD ) . ZMYND10 increased the stability of its interacting proteins and specifically regulated intermediate chain protein assembly , revealing tightly regulated mechanisms underlying dynein arm assembly and PCD-related pathogenesis . Increasing protein stabi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"probe",
"techniques",
"immunoblotting",
"dyneins",
"molecular",
"motors",
"respiratory",
"system",
"immunoprecipitation",
"co-immunoprecipitation",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"trachea",
"immunologic",
"techniqu... | 2018 | ZMYND10 stabilizes intermediate chain proteins in the cytoplasmic pre-assembly of dynein arms |
The ubiquitin-proteolytic system controls the stability of proteins in space and time . In this study , using a temperature-sensitive mutant allele of the cul-2 gene , we show that CRL2LRR-1 ( CUL-2 RING E3 ubiquitin-ligase and the Leucine Rich Repeat 1 substrate recognition subunit ) acts at multiple levels to control... | Maintenance of the germline depends on the presence of a germline stem cell pool with self-renewal potential that produces gametes upon meiotic differentiation . Factors regulating the balance between germline stem cell self-renewal and meiotic differentiation ensure germline homeostasis , whereas disruption of these r... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"germ",
"cells",
"meiosis",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology",
"chromosome",
"biology",
"cellular",
"types",
"biology",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2013 | CRL2LRR-1 E3-Ligase Regulates Proliferation and Progression through Meiosis in the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline |
Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays a crucial role in many bacterial pathways . In particular , the translation of mRNA can be regulated by trans-acting , small , non-coding RNAs ( sRNAs ) or mRNA-binding proteins , each of which has been successfully treated theoretically using two-component model... | Gene expression is a fundamental biological process , in which living cells use genetic information to synthesize functional products like proteins . To control this process , cells make use of many different mechanisms . A well-studied example is the binding of expression intermediates by a cellular component in order... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"dimers",
"(chemical",
"physics)",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"toxins",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"gene",
"regulation",
"signal",
"processing",
"messenger",
"rna",
"signal",
"filtering",
"toxic",
"a... | 2016 | Hierarchical Post-transcriptional Regulation of Colicin E2 Expression in Escherichia coli |
The INSIG2 rs7566605 polymorphism was identified for obesity ( BMI≥30 kg/m2 ) in one of the first genome-wide association studies , but replications were inconsistent . We collected statistics from 34 studies ( n = 74 , 345 ) , including general population ( GP ) studies , population-based studies with subjects selecte... | A polymorphism of the INSIG2 gene was identified as being associated with obesity in one of the first genome-wide association studies . However , this association has since then been highly debated upon inconsistent subsequent reports . We collected association information from 34 studies including a total of 74 , 000 ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology"
] | 2009 | Meta-Analysis of the INSIG2 Association with Obesity Including 74,345 Individuals: Does Heterogeneity of Estimates Relate to Study Design? |
Mouse taste receptor cells survive from 3–24 days , necessitating their regeneration throughout adulthood . In anterior tongue , sonic hedgehog ( SHH ) , released by a subpopulation of basal taste cells , regulates transcription factors Gli2 and Gli3 in stem cells to control taste cell regeneration . Using single-cell ... | Adult taste cell regeneration is essential for maintaining peripheral taste cells throughout life . The Shh pathway is an important regulator of taste bud development and regeneration in both embryonic and adult stages . We show that the transcription factor Gli3 , an important effector of the Shh pathway , is expresse... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"taste",
"buds",
"organoids",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"biological",
"cultures",
"social",
"sciences",
"vertebrates",
"mice",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"mammals",
"tongue",
"organ",
"cultures",
"digestive",
"system",
"research",... | 2018 | Gli3 is a negative regulator of Tas1r3-expressing taste cells |
There is growing evidence that molecular subtypes ( e . g . luminal and basal subtypes ) affect the prognosis and treatment response in patients with muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer ( invasive urothelial carcinoma , iUC ) . Modeling these subtypes in pre-clinical animal studies is essential , but it is challengi... | Approximately 50% of patients with invasive urinary bladder cancer ( invasive urothelial carcinoma , “iUC” ) die from their cancer . Better therapeutic strategies are essential . A relatively recent important finding in iUC is the presence of molecular subtypes ( luminal and basal subtypes ) . These subtypes affect the... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"urology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"cancer",
"treatment",
"immunology",
"clinical",
"oncology",
"cancers",
"and",
"neoplasms",
"vertebrates",
"genitourinary",
"tract",
"tumors",
"cancer",
"immunotherapy",
"dogs",
"animals",
"... | 2018 | Naturally-occurring canine invasive urothelial carcinoma harbors luminal and basal transcriptional subtypes found in human muscle invasive bladder cancer |
The BXD genetic reference population is a recombinant inbred panel descended from crosses between the C57BL/6 ( B6 ) and DBA/2 ( D2 ) strains of mice , which segregate for about 5 million sequence variants . Recently , some of these variants have been established with effects on general metabolic phenotypes such as glu... | Using 43 strains from the BXD mouse reference population , we observed a 5-fold difference in spontaneous activity . QTL analysis indicated that ∼40% of this variance is due to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( Ahr ) . Ahr is a conserved transcription factor found in nearly all multicellular organisms and implicated in a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome",
"expression",
"analysis",
"animal",
"genetics",
"functional",
"genomics",
"quantitative",
"trait",
"loci",
"population",
"genetics",
"quantitative",
"traits",
"diet",
"mutation",
"nutrition",
"genome",
"analysis",
"trait",
"locus",
"analysis",
"missense",
"mut... | 2014 | An Evolutionarily Conserved Role for the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in the Regulation of Movement |
Worldwide the mosquito Aedes aegypti ( L . ) is the principal urban vector of dengue viruses . Currently 2 . 5 billion people are at risk for infection and reduction of Ae . aegypti populations is the most effective means to reduce the risk of transmission . Pyrethroids are used extensively for adult mosquito control ,... | Constant use of pyrethroid insecticides has driven mosquito populations to develop resistance . In Aedes aegypti , the primary mosquito vector of dengue , yellow Fever , and chikungunya viruses , pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel protein . One mutation occu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Coevolution of the Ile1,016 and Cys1,534 Mutations in the Voltage Gated Sodium Channel Gene of Aedes aegypti in Mexico |
Malaria parasites must undergo a round of sexual reproduction in the blood meal of a mosquito vector to be transmitted between hosts . Developing a transmission-blocking intervention to prevent parasites from mating is a major goal of biomedicine , but its effectiveness could be compromised if parasites can compensate ... | Malaria and related parasites cause some of the most serious infectious diseases of humans , domestic animals and wildlife . To be transmitted , these parasites produce male and female sexual stages that differentiate into gametes and mate when taken up in a mosquito blood meal . Despite the need to develop a transmiss... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"evolutionary",
"biology/evolutionary",
"ecology",
"immunology/innate",
"immunity",
"immunology",
"infectious",
"diseases/protozoal",
"infections",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections"
] | 2011 | Sex and Death: The Effects of Innate Immune Factors on the Sexual Reproduction of Malaria Parasites |
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading infectious causes of food-borne illness around the world . Its ability to persistently colonize the intestinal tract of a broad range of hosts , including food-producing animals , is central to its epidemiology since most infections are due to the consumption of contaminated f... | There is accumulating evidence that in addition to canonical virulence factors such as toxins , adhesins , or invasins , bacterial pathogens utilize specific metabolic traits to colonize and proliferate within their hosts , a concept that is increasingly referred to as “nutritional virulence” . We have used transposon ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"microbiology",
"campylobacter",
"jejuni",
"genetic",
"elements",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"bacteria",
"campylobacter",
"bacterial",
... | 2017 | Metabolic and fitness determinants for in vitro growth and intestinal colonization of the bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni |
Schistosomiasis is listed as one of most important tropical diseases and more than 200 million people are estimated to be infected . Development of a vaccine is thought to be the most effective way to control this disease . Recombinant 26-kDa glutathione S-transferase ( rSjGST ) has previously been reported to achieve ... | Schistosomiasis continues to be a serious global public health problem that considered by World Health Organization ( WHO ) . More than 200 million people are infected and cause 280 thousand deaths every year . Among , Schistosoma japonicum causes the most severe pathological damages and the slowest immune resistance m... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"schistosoma",
"invertebrates",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"helminths",
"granulomas",
"immunology",
"animals",
"vaccines",
"preventive",
"medicine",
"developmental",
"biolo... | 2016 | Combined IL-12 Plasmid and Recombinant SjGST Enhance the Protective and Anti-pathology Effect of SjGST DNA Vaccine Against Schistosoma japonicum |
During echinoderm development , expression of nodal on the right side plays a crucial role in positioning of the rudiment on the left side , but the mechanisms that restrict nodal expression to the right side are not known . Here we show that establishment of left-right asymmetry in the sea urchin embryo relies on reci... | Asymmetries between the left and the right sides of the body are an essential feature of most bilaterian animals , and failure to establish these asymmetries can result in pathological disorders in humans . Left-right asymmetries are established during early development by the asymmetric activity of a signaling pathway... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"biology",
"pattern",
"formation",
"evolutionary",
"developmental",
"biology"
] | 2012 | Reciprocal Signaling between the Ectoderm and a Mesendodermal Left-Right Organizer Directs Left-Right Determination in the Sea Urchin Embryo |
The misexpressed imprinted genes causing developmental failure of mouse parthenogenones are poorly defined . To obtain further insight , we investigated misexpressions that could cause the pronounced growth deficiency and death of fetuses with maternal duplication of distal chromosome ( Chr ) 7 ( MatDup . dist7 ) . The... | Parthenogenetic mouse embryos with two maternal genomes die early in development due to the misexpression of imprinted genes . To gain further insight into which misexpressions might be involved , we examined some of the misexpressions that could determine the small size and fetal death of a “partial parthenogenone”—em... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression",
"developmental",
"biology/developmental",
"evolution",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/epigenetics",
"developmental",
"biology/developmental",
"molecular",
"mechanisms",
"evolutionary",
"biology/developmental",
"evolution"
] | 2010 | Postnatal Survival of Mice with Maternal Duplication of Distal Chromosome 7 Induced by a Igf2/H19 Imprinting Control Region Lacking Insulator Function |
Lethal recessive alleles cause pre- or postnatal death in homozygous affected individuals , reducing fertility . Especially in small size domestic and wild populations , those alleles might be exposed by inbreeding , caused by matings between related parents that inherited the same recessive lethal allele from a common... | Lethal recessives are mutations that cause early lethality in homozygous state that usually occur at very low frequency in wild and domestic populations . In livestock , however , those mutations might become more prevalent as a result of inbreeding . In this study , we report five such recessive lethal haplotypes that... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"population",
"genetics",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"alleles",
"genetic",
"mapping",
"mutation",
"population",
"biology",
"frameshift",
"mutation",
"swine",
"genetic",
"loci",
"genetic",
"drift",
"haplotypes",
"heterosis",
"eukaryota",
"heredity",
"genetics",
... | 2019 | Loss of function mutations in essential genes cause embryonic lethality in pigs |
During prophase of the first meiotic division ( prophase I ) , chromatin dynamically reorganises to recombine and prepare for chromosome segregation . Histone modifying enzymes are major regulators of chromatin structure , but our knowledge of their roles in prophase I is still limited . Here we report on crucial roles... | Accurate transmission of chromosomes carrying genetic materials from generation to generation is essential for life . Cell divisions that generate gametes , such as eggs and sperm , are critical , as chromosomes inherited from both parents recombine and are accurately sorted into gametes . Errors in these cell division... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"homologous",
"chromosomes",
"reproductive",
"system",
"rna",
"interference",
"chromosome",
"structure",
"and",
"function",
"centromeres",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"germ",
"cells",
"oocyt... | 2016 | Kdm5/Lid Regulates Chromosome Architecture in Meiotic Prophase I Independently of Its Histone Demethylase Activity |
H2A . Z is a histone H2A variant conserved from yeast to humans , and is found at 63% of promoters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . This pattern of localization suggests that H2A . Z is somehow important for gene expression or regulation . H2A . Z can be acetylated at up to four lysine residues on its amino-terminal tail ... | Transcriptional memory is the well-documented phenomenon by which cells can “remember” prior transcriptional states . A paradigmatic example of transcriptional memory is found in the yeast Saccharomyces . S . cerevisiae remembers prior transcription of the galactose metabolism gene GAL1 . When a gene is transcribed , t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression"
] | 2010 | Roles for H2A.Z and Its Acetylation in GAL1 Transcription and Gene Induction, but Not GAL1-Transcriptional Memory |
The case-fatality rate of severe leptospirosis can exceed 50% . While prompt supportive care can improve survival , predicting those at risk of developing severe disease is challenging , particularly in settings with limited diagnostic support . We retrospectively identified all adults with laboratory-confirmed leptosp... | Leptospirosis , a neglected tropical disease with a global distribution , is estimated to kill 60 , 000 people every year . Predicting those at risk of developing severe disease is challenging , and a simple scoring system to quantify the risk of severe disease has proven elusive . Identifying the high-risk patient is ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"clinical",
"laboratory",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"australia",
"biomarkers",
"pulmonology",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
... | 2019 | A simple score to predict severe leptospirosis |
Natively unstructured or disordered regions appear to be abundant in eukaryotic proteins . Many such regions have been found alongside small linear binding motifs . We report a Monte Carlo study that aims to elucidate the role of disordered regions adjacent to such binding motifs . The coarse-grained simulations show t... | In their natural cellular environment proteins are dissolved in a concentrated aqueous solution of biomolecules . Even under such crowded conditions , proteins must not clump together or aggregate; otherwise their biological functions may be compromised , and the cell could die . Diseases such as Parkinson and Alzheime... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biophysics/protein",
"folding",
"biophysics/theory",
"and",
"simulation",
"biophysics/biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"computational",
"biology",
"chemical",
"biology/protein",
"chemistry",
"and",
"proteomics"
] | 2008 | Disordered Flanks Prevent Peptide Aggregation |
Exosomes are secreted organelles that have the same topology as the cell and bud outward ( outward is defined as away from the cytoplasm ) from endosome membranes or endosome-like domains of plasma membrane . Here we describe an exosomal protein-sorting pathway in Jurkat T cells that selects cargo proteins on the basis... | Exosomes are small , secreted organelles with the same topology as the cell and a similar size and composition as retrovirus particles . Based on these similarities , we proposed that retroviruses are , at their most fundamental level , exosomes . Little is known about the mechanisms of exosome biogenesis . We show her... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"viruses",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"cell",
"biology",
"virology",
"microbiology"
] | 2007 | Higher-Order Oligomerization Targets Plasma Membrane Proteins and HIV Gag to Exosomes |
Behavioral output of neural networks depends on a delicate balance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic connections . However , it is not known whether network formation and stability is constrained by the sign of synaptic connections between neurons within the network . Here we show that switching the sign of a ... | Fast neurotransmission in the nervous system is mediated by ligand-gated ion channels . Within the nervous system , the sign of synaptic connections , i . e . , whether they are excitatory or inhibitory , is determined by the charge of the ions that flow through these channels . In general , channels that conduct posit... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | A Change in the Ion Selectivity of Ligand-Gated Ion Channels Provides a Mechanism to Switch Behavior |
The traditional cardiac model-building paradigm involves constructing a composite model using data collected from many cells . Equations are derived for each relevant cellular component ( e . g . , ion channel , exchanger ) independently . After the equations for all components are combined to form the composite model ... | Mathematical models of cardiac cell electrophysiology are widely used as predictive and illuminatory tools , but have been developed for decades using a suboptimal process . The models are typically constructed by manual adjustment of parameters to fit simple data and therefore often underperform when used to predict c... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Cell-Specific Cardiac Electrophysiology Models |
Candida albicans is a normal resident of the gastrointestinal tract and also the most prevalent fungal pathogen of humans . It last shared a common ancestor with the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae over 300 million years ago . We describe a collection of 143 genetically matched strains of C . albicans , each of wh... | A key goal in the understanding of the biology of an organism is the description of the regulatory networks that control the expression of its genes . Changes in gene expression result in new cellular phenotypes that can be acted upon by evolutionary forces to influence the configuration of these networks . We have dev... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression",
"evolutionary",
"biology/evolutionary",
"and",
"comparative",
"genetics",
"infectious",
"diseases/fungal",
"infections",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"function",
"evolutionary",
"biology/morphogenesis",
"and",
"cell",
"... | 2009 | A Phenotypic Profile of the Candida albicans Regulatory Network |
To better understand genome regulation , it is important to uncover the role of transcription factors in the process of chromatin structure establishment and maintenance . Here we present a data-driven approach to systematically characterise transcription factors that are relevant for this process . Our method uses a l... | Transcription factor binding occurs mainly in regions of open chromatin . For many transcription factors , it is unclear whether binding is the cause or the consequence of open chromatin . Here , we used datasets on open chromatin and gene expression provided by the ENCODE project to predict which transcription factors... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"random",
"variables",
"covariance",
"regression",
"analysis",
"regulator",
"genes",
"mathematics",
"statistics",
"(mathematics)",
"transcription",
"factors",
"gene",
"types",
"epigenetics",
"chromat... | 2017 | Genome-Wide Association between Transcription Factor Expression and Chromatin Accessibility Reveals Regulators of Chromatin Accessibility |
Plant growth depends on stem cell niches in meristems . In the root apical meristem , the quiescent center ( QC ) cells form a niche together with the surrounding stem cells . Stem cells produce daughter cells that are displaced into a transit-amplifying ( TA ) domain of the root meristem . TA cells divide several time... | Plant roots are programmed to grow continuously into the soil , searching for nutrients and water . The iterative process of cell division , elongation , and differentiation contributes to root growth . The quiescent center ( QC ) is known to maintain the root meristem , and thus ensure root growth . In this study , we... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | PHABULOSA Controls the Quiescent Center-Independent Root Meristem Activities in Arabidopsis thaliana |
B-cells , in addition to antibody secretion , have emerged increasingly as effector and immunoregulatory cells in several chronic inflammatory diseases . Although Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ( ENL ) is an inflammatory complication of leprosy , the role of B- cell subsets has never been studied in this patient group . The... | Some leprosy patients develop reactions which cause a significant morbidity and mortality in leprosy patients . There are two types of leprosy reactions , type 1 and type 2 reactions . Type 2 or Erythema nodosum leprosum ( ENL ) is an immune-mediated inflammatory complication of leprosy which occurs in lepromatous and ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"b",
"cell",
"receptors",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"disea... | 2017 | Increased activated memory B-cells in the peripheral blood of patients with erythema nodosum leprosum reactions |
Cell size increases significantly with increasing ploidy . Differences in cell size and ploidy are associated with alterations in gene expression , although no direct connection has been made between cell size and transcription . Here we show that ploidy-associated changes in gene expression reflect transcriptional adj... | Cells of the same type , whether microbial , plant , or metazoan in origin , exhibit remarkable uniformity in size . This uniformity arises from control mechanisms that respond to internal cellular changes as well as external environmental factors . Although precise control of cell size is a universal phenomenon , its ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology/gene",
"expression",
"microbiology"
] | 2010 | Control of Transcription by Cell Size |
While it is appreciated that population size changes can impact patterns of deleterious variation in natural populations , less attention has been paid to how gene flow affects and is affected by the dynamics of deleterious variation . Here we use population genetic simulations to examine how gene flow impacts deleteri... | Individuals from distinct populations sometimes will produce fertile offspring and will exchange genetic material in a process called hybridization . Genomes of hybrid individuals often show non-random patterns of hybrid ancestry across the genome , where some regions have a high frequency of ancestry from the second p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"deletion",
"mutation",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"population",
"genetics",
"brassica",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"mutation",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"plant",
"genomics",
"populatio... | 2018 | Deleterious variation shapes the genomic landscape of introgression |
The dynamic of cancer is intimately linked to a dysregulation of the cell cycle and signalling pathways . It has been argued that selectivity of treatments could exploit loss of checkpoint function in cancer cells , a concept termed “cyclotherapy” . Quantitative approaches that describe these dysregulations can provide... | Neoplastic transformation results from mutations , chromosomal abnormalities , or expression changes affecting components of the cell cycle , the signalling pathways leading into it , and the apoptosis pathways resulting from cell cycle arrest . Cytotoxic agents , but also newer drugs that target the cell cycle and its... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"cell",
"death",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cancer",
"treatment",
"cell",
"processes",
"departures",
"from",
"diploidy",
"oncology",
"pharmacodynamics",
"pharmacology",
"synthesis",
"phase",
"aneuploidy",
"sig... | 2017 | Modelling of the cancer cell cycle as a tool for rational drug development: A systems pharmacology approach to cyclotherapy |
Cellulosic plant biomass is a promising sustainable resource for generating alternative biofuels and biochemicals with microbial factories . But a remaining bottleneck is engineering microbes that are tolerant of toxins generated during biomass processing , because mechanisms of toxin defense are only beginning to emer... | Understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits is important for elucidating the genotype-phenotype relationship . Many studies have sought genetic variants that underlie phenotypic variation across individuals , both to implicate causal variants and to inform on architecture . Here we used genome-wide associa... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"carbohydrate",
"metabolism",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"toxins",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"glucose",
"metabolism",
"alleles",
"toxic",
"agents",
"toxicology",
"glucose",
"tolera... | 2018 | Genome-wide association across Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains reveals substantial variation in underlying gene requirements for toxin tolerance |
Meiotic recombination permits exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes . The replication protein A ( RPA ) complex , the predominant ssDNA-binding complex , is required for nearly all aspects of DNA metabolism , but its role in mammalian meiotic recombination remains unknown due to the embryonic leth... | Meiosis , a process unique to germ cells , results in production of haploid gametes . Meiotic recombination , a hallmark of meiosis , together with random segregation of homologous chromosomes , generates genetic diversity in haploid gametes at every generation so that each gamete has a unique genetic composition . Suc... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"meiosis",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"spermatocytes",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"germ",
"cells",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"dna",
"sperm",
"homologous",
"recombination",
"resea... | 2019 | Dual functions for the ssDNA-binding protein RPA in meiotic recombination |
Neural maps are emergent , highly ordered structures that are essential for organizing and presenting synaptic information . Within the embryonic nervous system of Drosophila motoneuron dendrites are organized topographically as a myotopic map that reflects their pattern of innervation in the muscle field . Here we rev... | During development the axons of sensory neurons generate highly ordered ”sensory maps„ within the nervous system that represent specific qualities of the environment . Much less is known about the anatomical organization and development of motor systems . Here , we show that the leg motoneurons of Drosophila organize t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/motor",
"systems",
"neuroscience/neurodevelopment",
"developmental",
"biology/neurodevelopment"
] | 2009 | Dendritic Targeting in the Leg Neuropil of Drosophila: The Role of Midline Signalling Molecules in Generating a Myotopic Map |
Airway inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of influenza viruses and can lead to a fatal outcome . One of the challenging objectives in the field of influenza research is the identification of the molecular bases associated to the immunopathological disorders developed during infection . While its precis... | Influenza A viruses may cause severe respiratory disease . PB1-F2 , a viral protein identified in 2001 is suspected to play a role in influenza-related pneumonia . In order to understand the impact of PB1-F2 in the pathogenesis underlying Influenza A virus infection , we engineered a mutant virus unable to express PB1-... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"of",
"infection",
"inflammation",
"immunity",
"virology",
"immune",
"activation",
"innate",
"immunity",
"immune",
"defense",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"immunoregulation"
] | 2011 | Transcriptomic Analysis of Host Immune and Cell Death Responses Associated with the Influenza A Virus PB1-F2 Protein |
Uropathogenic E . coli ( UPEC ) is the primary cause of urinary tract infections ( UTI ) affecting approximately 150 million people worldwide . Here , we revealed the importance of transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α subunit ( HIF-1α ) in innate defense against UPEC-mediated UTI . The effects of AKB-... | Urinary tract infection ( UTI ) , commonly caused by uropathogenic E . coli ( UPEC ) , affects more than 150 million people worldwide , resulting in 14 million hospital visits per year and an estimated total cost of 6 billion dollars in direct health care . Due to the high prevalence of UTI and rapid emergence of antib... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) in Innate Defense against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection |
A scientific ontology is a formal representation of knowledge within a domain , typically including central concepts , their properties , and relations . With the rise of computers and high-throughput data collection , ontologies have become essential to data mining and sharing across communities in the biomedical scie... | An ontology represents the concepts and their interrelation within a knowledge domain . Several ontologies have been developed in biomedicine , which provide standardized vocabularies to describe diseases , genes and gene products , physiological phenotypes , anatomical structures , and many other phenomena . Scientist... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/literature",
"analysis",
"computational",
"biology/bio-ontology"
] | 2011 | Benchmarking Ontologies: Bigger or Better? |
Rift Valley fever ( RVF ) is a zoonotic disease caused by Rift Valley fever virus ( RVFV ) found in Africa and the Middle East . Outbreaks can cause extensive morbidity and mortality in humans and livestock . Following the diagnosis of two acute human RVF cases in Kabale district , Uganda , we conducted a serosurvey to... | Viral hemorrhagic fevers are known to cause high morbidity and mortality and pose a serious threat to human and animal populations in endemic countries . An outbreak of Rift Valley fever was detected in Kabale district in March , 2016 and identified the first human cases in Uganda since 1968 . There was a need to perfo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"livestock",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"rift",
"valley",
"fever",
"virus",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"ruminants",
"pathogens",
"geographical",
"locations",
"microbiology",
"uganda",
"vertebrates",
"diet",
"tropical",
"... | 2018 | Prevalence and risk factors of Rift Valley fever in humans and animals from Kabale district in Southwestern Uganda, 2016 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.