CodCodingCode/medcialQA-reasoning-V2.1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringclasses 8 values	input stringlengths 6 2.69k	output stringlengths 1 34.2k	source stringclasses 3 values
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Focal and diffuse thickening of gall bladder wall with high amplitude reflections and 'comet tail' aifacts on USG suggest the diagnosis of: A) Xanthogranulomatous cholecysitis B) Carcinoma of gall bladder C) Adenomyomatosis D) Cholesterolosis	C) Adenomyomatosis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In Pemphigus vulgaris, tzank smear shows – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acantholytic cells B) Macrophages C) Fibroblasts D) Neutrophils ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Short gastric artery is a branch of? A) Splenic artery B) Left gastroduodenal artery C) Left gastroepiploic artery D) Portal vein	A) Splenic artery	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Postural hypotension is the common side effect of which of the following ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) ACE inhibitors B) Alpha receptor blockers C) Arteriolar dilators D) Selectiveβ1 blockers ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 40 years old female patient attends the OG department with swelling of legs for past one day. There is no history of fever. 2 years back she had a metastatic breast adenocarcinoma which was treated with paclitaxel and radiotherapy. Blood pressure 120/76 mmHg, Pulse rate 84/min, temperature 37.6 C, Respiratory rate 16/ min. Saturation was 99% in room air. There was warmth and tenderness over the left leg and left thigh. Auscultation of lungs revealed clear fields. Urine pregnancy test was negative. CT chest was normal. USG of left leg revealed thrombus in the superficial femoral vein. The most appropriate treatment is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Dalteparin and enoxaparin together B) Warfarin therapy with a goal to maintain INR of 2-3 C) Enoxaparin and warfarin therapy with a goal to maintain INR of 2-3 D) Aspirin and warfarin therapy with a goal to maintain INR of 2-3 ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Gettler test is for - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Drowning B) Hanging C) Arsenic poisoning D) Stangulation ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Second most common neoplasm seen in children is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lyphoma B) Brain tumor C) Wilm's tumor D) Neuroblastoma ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common cause of chronic laryngeal stenosis is A) Trauma B) Tuberculosis C) SLE D) Tumour	A) Trauma	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Patient with pelvic fracture presents with anuria. After 24 hrs bladder is not palpable. Possible diagnosis includes:a) Bulbar urethral injuryb) Posterior urethral injuryc) Extraperitoneal rupture of bladderd) Intraperitoneal rupture of bladder ---- <<Choices:>> A) ab B) bc C) bd D) cd ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Relaxation of Detrusor occurs which receptors? ---- <<Choices:>> A) b-1 sympathetic B) b-2 sympathetic C) a-1 sympathetic D) a-2 sympathetic ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which is a Chemoattractant - ---- <<Choices:>> A) C5a B) Cl C) C3 D) C2 ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Surgical markings for finding the facial nerve is are? A) Tympano - mastoid suture B) Tragal pointer C) Posterior belly of digastric D) All the above	A) Tympano - mastoid suture	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not an example of fibrinoid necrosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) PAN B) Rheumatoid arthritis C) Pancreatitis D) Rheumatic fever ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following drug is not used in multiple sclerosis? A) Interferon Beta1b B) Interferon Beta1a C) Glatiramer acetate D) Mycophenolate mofetil	D) Mycophenolate mofetil	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The extraction of upper first molars may be indicated: ---- <<Choices:>> A) When the removal of 4/4 provides insufficient space B) Where they are rotated C) When their prognosis is poor D) When 5/5 are palatally placed ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following statements about treatment of migraine are true, except: A) Narotriptan has slower onset and longer t1/2 than sumatriptan B) Rizatriptan is more efficacious than sumatriptan C) Sumatriptan is a selective 5-HT 1B/1D agonist D) Sumatriptan is used for chronic migraine	D) Sumatriptan is used for chronic migraine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Radial aery is cannulated to measure: March 2013 (f) A) Hea rate B) Blood pressure C) CVP D) End tidal CO2	B) Blood pressure	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following can cause visual adverse effects except : A) Ethambutol B) Rifampicin C) Chloroquine D) Digoxin	B) Rifampicin	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is not a Limb Girdle Dystrophy: A) Sarcoglycan dystrophy B) Dystrophin dystrophy C) Dysferlin dystrophy D) Calpain dystrophy	B) Dystrophin dystrophy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The upper limit of safety for carbonmonoxide in air is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) 0.20% B) 0.01% C) 0.40% D) 0.01% ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Mechanism by which pyruvate cytosol is transpoed to mitochondria is A) Chloride antipo B) Proton sympo C) ATP dependent antipo D) Facilitated unipo	B) Proton sympo	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> World Anti Tobacco Day is observed on ---- <<Choices:>> A) 31st May B) 5th June C) 12th July D) 24th November ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Radiation protection shields are made up of - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Copper B) Silver C) Lead D) Tin ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Proteins which are present in attached plaque: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Desmoplakin. B) Plakoglobin. C) Both. D) None. ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Lugol's iodine is given to the patient: A) Before surgery B) After surgery C) During surgery D) Adjuvant therapy	A) Before surgery	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 9-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her father for evaluation of intermittent muscle cramps for the past year and short stature. She has had recurrent upper respiratory tract infections since infancy. She is at the 5th percentile for weight and 10th percentile for height. Physical examination shows nasal polyps and dry skin. An x-ray of the right wrist shows osteopenia with epiphyseal widening. Which of the following sets of laboratory findings is most likely in this patient's serum? $$$ Calcium %%% Phosphorus %%% Parathyroid hormone %%% Calcitriol $$$ ---- <<Choices:>> A) ↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ B) ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ C) ↑ ↓ ↑ ↑ D) Normal ↓ ↑ ↓ ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common tumor of spleen is: A) Lymphoma B) Sarcoma C) Hemangioma D) Metastasis	A) Lymphoma	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Kleptomania/pyromania is a: PGI 07, 11; AP 09 A) Conduct disorder B) Impulse disorder C) Personality disorder D) Conversion disorder	B) Impulse disorder	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is non-selective 3rd generation Beta blocker ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Betaxolol B) Celiprolol C) Caeolol D) Nadolol ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which condition shows the following characteristic EEG finding? A) Petitmal Epilepsy B) Grandmal Epilepsy C) Status Epilepticus D) Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)	D) Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is located medial to the third molar, at the junction of the maxilla and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone? A) Posterior nasal spine B) Mylohyoid line C) Pterygoid hamulus D) Greater palatine foramen	D) Greater palatine foramen	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Lower lip carcinoma<lcm treatment- A) Radiation B) Chemotherapy C) Excision D) Radiation and chemotherapy	C) Excision	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> As per the revised norms for Anganwadi centers, how many centers are needed for a population of 1950 people in a rural area? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Hailey-hailey disease is A) Pemphigus B) Lyell's syndrome C) Benign familial chronic pemphigus D) Pemphigus acutus	C) Benign familial chronic pemphigus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following are potassium sparing diuretics except : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Triamterene B) Spironolactone C) Amiloride D) Indapamide ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of repetitive, involuntary blinking, shrugging, and grunting for the past year. His mother states that his symptoms improve when he is physically active, while tiredness, boredom, and stress aggravate them. He has felt increasingly embarrassed by his symptoms in school, and his grades have been dropping from average levels. He has met all his developmental milestones. Vital signs are within normal limits. Mental status examination shows intact higher mental functioning and thought processes. Excessive blinking, grunting, and jerking of the shoulders and neck occur while at rest. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. This patient's condition is most likely associated with which of the following findings? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Excessive impulsivity and inattention B) Feelings of persistent sadness and loss of interest C) Chorea and hyperreflexia D) Recurrent episodes of intense fear ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> What is the type of Antagonism when 2 different drugs act on 2 different sites on the same cell and their response is opposite to each other ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Chemical antagonism B) Physiological antagonism C) Competitive antagonism D) Reversible antagonism ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The free gingival graft is placed on: A) On the periosteum B) Bone C) Gingiva D) Periodontal pocket	A) On the periosteum	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Besides 3 D’s (Diarrhoea, Dermatitis & Dementi(a) of Niacin deficiency, 4th D indicates A) Death B) Destruction C) Debilitating D) Disability	A) Death	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	By international agreement, low birth weight has been defined as a birth weight when measured within the first hour of life is A) Less than 2000 grams B) Less than 2800 grams C) Less than 2500 grams D) Less than 3000 grams	C) Less than 2500 grams	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Infrabony pocket results from ---- <<Choices:>> A) Trauma from occlusion B) Dental plaque C) Actinomyces viscosus D) Improper tooth brushing ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Some of the E. coli bacteria that were originally isolated from a contaminated salad were tetracycline resistant while the others were susceptible. However, when tetracycline-resistant and -susceptible strains were grown together, all of them became tetracycline resistant. This efficient transfer of resistance depends on which of the following? A) Cell lysis and the release of DNA from donor bacteria B) Competent cells C) Conjugative plasmids D) Recombinase enzymes	C) Conjugative plasmids	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The gold standard for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is: A) Barium swallow B) Endoscopy C) 24-hours pH monitoring D) Esophageal manometry	C) 24-hours pH monitoring	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Clinical features of congenital edema are all except A) Bilateral B) Involvement of face C) Onset before 2 years of age D) Limb involvement	C) Onset before 2 years of age	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following has highest penetrating power? A) X-ray B) Gamma ray C) Beta particle D) Alpha particle	B) Gamma ray	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Drug used in type DM 1 apa from insulin? A) Glibenclamide B) Metformin C) Pramlintide D) Empagliflozin	C) Pramlintide	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> An adult presents to a physician because of repeated episodes of fainting. EKG fails to disclose an arrhythmia. Echocardiogram shows a mass in the left atrium that is acting like a "ball valve" to produce intermittent obstruction of flow. Which of the following would most likely be seen on microscopic examination of the resected mass? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Benign myxoid tumor B) Benign tumor with gland formation C) Benign tumor with striated muscle differentiation D) Malignant tumor with gland formation ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A condition in which person goes to deep sleep especially during day time A) Somnambulism B) Narcolepsy C) Hypnotism D) Epilepsy	B) Narcolepsy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 25-year-old woman presents with a 2-week history of febrile illness and chest pain. She has an erythematous, macular facial rash and tender joints, paicularly in her left wrist and elbow. A CBC shows mild anemia and thrombocytopenia. She is noted to have increased serum levels of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, a2-macroglobulin, serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein. Together, these markers belong to which of the following families of proteins? A) Acute phase proteins B) Anaphylatoxins C) Inhibitors of platelet activation D) Regulators of coagulation	A) Acute phase proteins	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 31-year-old man presents with a several-month history of foot sensory changes. He has noticed that he has a hard time telling the difference between a hardwood floor and carpet beneath his feet. He's also had a couple of falls lately; these falls were not preceded by any lightheadedness or palpitations. He is adopted, so his family history is unknown. On physical exam, he has leg and foot muscular atrophy and 4/5 strength throughout his bilateral lower extremities. Sensation to light touch and pinprick is decreased up to the mid-calf. Ankle jerk reflex is absent bilaterally. He has a significant pes cavus deformity of both feet. Nerve conduction studies show decreased conduction velocities in his bilateral peroneal nerves. Which of the following is the best treatment for this patient?? {'A': 'Aspirin', 'B': 'Cilostazol', 'C': 'Gabapentin', 'D': 'Referral to orthopedic surgery', 'E': 'Referral to physical therapy'},	E: Referral to physical therapy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 43-year-old lady presents with a 5 cm lump in right breast with a 3 cm node in the supraclavicular fossa. Which of the following TNM stage she belongs to as per the latest AJCC staging system - ---- <<Choices:>> A) T2N0M1 B) T1N0M1 C) T2N3M0 D) T2N2M0 ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Post herpetic neuralgia most commonly involves: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve. B) Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve. C) Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. D) None. ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> RNA is present in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Ribosome D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common enzyme deficiency responsible for Galactosemia is? A) UDP galactose epimerase B) Galaktokinase C) Galactosidase D) Galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase	D) Galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The SCAN index is generally used as a A) Malocclusion index B) Treatment need index C) Treatment change index D) Treatment of priority index	B) Treatment need index	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Herpes simplex encephalitis affects ………………………….. lobe A) Temporal B) Parietal C) Occipital D) Frontal	A) Temporal	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Salter's pelvic osteotomy is done for treatment of ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) CTEV B) SCFE C) DDH D) None ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Nail pitting is caused by all except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lichen planus B) Psoriasis C) Alopecia areata D) Pityriasis Rosacea ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Trypsin, Chymotrypsin & Elastases -What type of enzymes are they? A) Hydrolases B) Lyases C) Synthases D) Synthetases	A) Hydrolases	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which is done even after control of disease? A) Surveillance B) Vaccination C) Chemoprophylaxis D) Prolonged treatment	A) Surveillance	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are true about HLA complex except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Class-I antigen are expressed in all nucleated cells and platelets B) Class-II inducts helper T-cells C) Class-I is homodimer whereas Class-II is heterodimer D) Class- I inducts cytotoxic T-cells ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 28 year old woman underwent a feility sparing surgery for a 6x6 cm granulosa cell ovarian tumour. Which one of the following will you monitor for detection of recurrence? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ca 19-9 B) LDH C) Inhibin B D) Placental Alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Patient presents with high fever, signs of raised ICT and a past history of chronic otitis media likely diagnosis is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Brain abscess B) Pyogenic meningitis C) Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage D) Acute osteomyelitis of skull bone ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma causes deafness by -a) Blocking the Eustachian tubeb) Serous otitis mediac) Temporal bone metastasisd) Radiation A) ab B) a C) ad D) bc	A) ab	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	RxofDI- A) ADH B) Thiazide C) Loop diureticsd D) Insulin	A) ADH	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A decrease in the urine output is called: A) Dysuria B) Nocturia C) Oliguria D) Polyuria	C) Oliguria	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which is not true about Tardive Dyskinesia (TD): A) Clozapine is useful B) Dopaminergic super sensitivity is the cause C) Usually seen in perioral area D) Combining anticholinergics with antipsychotics Prevents TD	D) Combining anticholinergics with antipsychotics Prevents TD	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A four month old child develops cardiac failure and dies three months later. At autopsy, the hea has no obvious congenital defects, but the cardiac chambers are small and covered with thick, white endocardium. Histological sections of the hea demonstrate regular bands of elastic tissue in the thick fibrous endocardium. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A) Coxsackievirus myocarditis B) Cardiac amyloidosis C) Endocardial fibroelastosis D) Idiopathic subaoic stenosis	C) Endocardial fibroelastosis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Reversible cause of dementia is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Alzheimer's disease B) Parkinsonism C) Hypothyroidism D) Vascular dementia ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 27 year old nulliparous woman complains of severe menorrhagia and lower abdominal pain since 4 months. On examination there is a 9 wks size uterus with fundal fibroid. The treatment of choice is: A) Myomectomy B) GnRh analogues C) Hysterectomy D) Wait and watch	A) Myomectomy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Ingestion of arsenic causes : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hepatic carcinoma B) Hepatic adenoma C) Non cirrhotic poal fibrosis D) Hepatic cirrhosis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which is true about indirect inguinal hernia - A) It travels through both superficial and deep ingunal ring B) It travels through deep ingunal ring only C) It travels through superficial inguinal ring only D) It occurs through Hesselbach's triangle	A) It travels through both superficial and deep ingunal ring	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is not associated with Mallory Hyaline bodies A) Alcoholic liver disease B) Primary biliary cirrhosis C) Secondary biliary cirrhosis D) Indian childhood cirrhosis	C) Secondary biliary cirrhosis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 60-year old male has a long standing history of breathlessness. He has been a heavy smoker since the age of 20 years. Physical examination reveals an anxious male who is emaciated, puffing for breath but is not cyanosed. The chest is barrels shaped. The investigation of choice in this patient be ---- <<Choices:>> A) High resolution CT B) contrast enhanced CT C) Plain skiagram chest D) Ultrasound test ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 12-year-old boy complains of swelling of his feet for the past 3 weeks. He is otherwise healthy, with no known previous illness. Vital signs are normal. Physical examination reveals pitting edema of the lower legs and a swollen abdomen. Urinalysis shows 4+ protein but no RBCs or WBCs. Which of the following are the most likely diagnoses to consider in your evaluation of this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura, lupus nephritis B) Malignant hypertension, renal vein thrombosis C) Minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis D) Pyelonephritis, acute tubular necrosis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 40-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with a 5-month history of worsening bladder discomfort. Her discomfort is relieved by voiding. She voids 10–15 times per day and wakes up 2–3 times per night to void. She has not had any involuntary loss of urine. She has tried cutting down on fluids and taking NSAIDs to reduce the discomfort with minimal relief. Her past medical history is significant for bipolar disorder. She is sexually active with her husband but reports that intercourse has recently become painful. Current medications include lithium. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pulse is 65/min, and blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg. Examination shows tenderness to palpation of her suprapubic region. Urinalysis shows: Color clear pH 6.7 Specific gravity 1.010 Protein 1+ Glucose negative Ketones negative Blood negative Nitrite negative Leukocyte esterase negative WBC 0/hpf Squamous epithelial cells 2/hpf Bacteria None A pelvic ultrasound shows a postvoid residual urine is 25 mL. A cystoscopy shows a normal urethra and normal bladder mucosa. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?" ---- <<Choices:>> A) Overactive bladder B) Interstitial cystitis C) Urinary retention D) Diabetes insipidus ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A pregnant patient with a positive test for gonorrhea and no testing for chlamydial infection should be treated with which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once and azithromycin 1 g orally once B) Cefixime 400 mg orally once C) Erythromycin 500 mg orally four times daily for 7 days D) Azithromycin 1 g orally once and amoxicillin 500 mg orally three times daily for 7 days ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are esters EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Prilocaine B) Cocaine C) Tetracaine D) Chlorprocaine ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is NOT associated with thiazide diuretics? A) Hypercalciuria B) Hyponatremia C) Hypokalemia D) Hyperuricemia	A) Hypercalciuria	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	From vitreous humor, estimation of time since death is done by: WB 11; NEET 13 A) K+- level B) Na+ level C) Glucose level D) Urea level	A) K+- level	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is a feature of papillon lefevre syndrome? A) destructive periodontitis B) palmar-plantar keratosis C) calcification of dura D) all the above	D) all the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> An otherwise healthy 44-year-old man with no prior medical history has had increasing back pain and right hip pain for the past decade. The pain is worse at the end of the day. On physical examination he has bony enlargement of the distal interphalangeal joints. A radiograph of the spine reveals the presence of prominent osteophytes involving the vertebral bodies. There is sclerosis with narrowing of the joint space at the right acetabulum seen on a radiograph of the pelvis. Which of the following diseases is he most likely to have? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gout B) Rheumatoid arthritis C) Osteoarthritis D) Osteomyelitis ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> To achieve the objectives of vertical condensation, it is necessary to produce: ---- <<Choices:>> A) A cylindrical canal B) A conical canal C) A tapering conical canal D) A straight canal ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Most impoant prognostic factor for breast carcinoma is: March 2005 ---- <<Choices:>> A) Age of the patient B) Lymph node involvement C) Genetic factors D) Family history ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which is the most reliable diagnostic method for staging the oesphageal cancer? A) MRI B) Endoscopic ultrasound C) CT scan D) Thoracoscopy	B) Endoscopic ultrasound	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> During the treatment with rifampicin some patients will have mild elevation in the bilirubin with normal transaminases.This is due to: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hemolysis B) Transient cholestasis with bile duct injury C) Microsomal enzyme induction D) Hepatic adaptation ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Treatment of calculus within the submandibular salivary gland is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Removal of sinus B) Removal of the gland C) Dichotomy D) Milking of the stone ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Molluscum contagiosu m virus belongs to - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Poxviruses B) Herpesviruses C) Picornaviruses D) Adenovirus ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following tumors most commonly presents with upper gastrointestinal bleeding? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Primary gastric cancer B) Esophageal carcinoma C) Metastases to stomach D) Hepatic adenocarcinoma ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 55-year-old man presents to urgent care for weakness and weight loss. He states for the past several months he has felt progressively weaker and has lost 25 pounds. The patient also endorses intermittent abdominal pain. The patient has not seen a physician in 30 years and recalls being current on most of his vaccinations. He says that a few years ago, he went to the emergency department due to abdominal pain and was found to have increased liver enzymes due to excessive alcohol use and incidental gallstones. The patient has a 50 pack-year smoking history. His temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), blood pressure is 161/108 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, respirations are 17/min, and oxygen saturation is 95% on room air. Physical exam reveals an emaciated man. The patient has a negative Murphy's sign and his abdomen is non-tender. Cardiopulmonary exam is within normal limits. Which of the following is the next best step in management? ---- <<Choices:>> A) CT scan of the abdomen B) CT scan of the liver C) HIDA scan D) Smoking cessation advice and primary care follow up ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Calculate the Age of fetus having CRL 23 cm, foot length 7 cm. Talus is present and testes are present at superficial inguinal ring? A) 5 months B) 6 months C) 7 months D) 8 months	C) 7 months	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The common causative agent in diarrhea in AIDS patients is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Toxoplasma B) Cryptosporidium C) Salmonellae D) Mycobacteria ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 28-year-old man presents to the emergency department with diffuse abdominal pain and nausea for the past 5 hours. The pain started with a dull ache but is now quite severe. He notes that he “just doesn’t feel like eating” and has not eaten anything for almost a day. Although the nausea is getting worse, the patient has not vomited. He notes no medical issues in the past and is not currently taking any medications. He admits to drinking alcohol (at least 2–3 bottles of beer per day after work and frequent binge-drinking weekends with friends). He says that he does not smoke or use illicit drugs. Vital signs include: pulse rate 120/min, respiratory rate 26/min, and blood pressure 100/70 mm Hg. On examination, the patient’s abdomen is diffusely tender. His breath smells like alcohol, with a fruity tinge to it. Bowel sounds are present. No other findings are noted. Fingerstick glucose is 76mg/dL. After the examination, the patient suddenly and spontaneously vomits. Which of the following is the underlying mechanism of the most likely diagnosis in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increased acetyl CoA levels B) Inadequate insulin production C) Increased osmolal gap D) Thiamine deficiency ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is true about patent ductus arteriosus? A) Indomethacin is used in medical management B) It is congenital cyanotic heart disease C) There is a patent connection between the aorta and pulmonary veins D) Mid diastolic murmur is heard	A) Indomethacin is used in medical management	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In which condition, a rubber -- ring passary is an appropriate management for a woman who is having utero -- vaginal prolapse : A) Old age B) Active reproductive age C) Early pregnancy D) Prolapse associated with carcinoma of cervix	C) Early pregnancy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Anti U1-14NP antibody is seen in?- ---- <<Choices:>> A) SLE B) Scleroderma C) MCTD D) Dermatomyositis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Herring bone pattern is seen in? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Rhabdomyosarcoma B) Fibrosarcoma C) Fibrocytic Histiocytoma D) Liposarcoma ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A twenty-one-year-old woman complains that regular, gentle brushing of her teeth is painful besides causing profuse bleeding. Oral examination reveals the loss of epithelium from the attached gingival of both arches. Which of the following dermatological problems is this patient most likely to have? A) Benign mucous membrane pemphigiod B) Chronic discoid lupus erythematosus C) Pemphigus D) Psoriasis	A) Benign mucous membrane pemphigiod	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Substrate-level phosphorylation seen in reaction catalysed in ---- <<Choices:>> A) Succinate dehydrogenase B) Alfa-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase C) Succinyl CoA thiokinase D) Malate dehydrogenase ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Psoralen–A is used in the treatment of – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pemphigus B) Vitiligo C) Pityriasis alba D) Icthyosis ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Focal and diffuse thickening of gall bladder wall with high amplitude reflections and 'comet tail' aifacts on USG suggest the diagnosis of: A) Xanthogranulomatous cholecysitis B) Carcinoma of gall bladder C) Adenomyomatosis D) Cholesterolosis

C) Adenomyomatosis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In Pemphigus vulgaris, tzank smear shows – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acantholytic cells B) Macrophages C) Fibroblasts D) Neutrophils ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Short gastric artery is a branch of? A) Splenic artery B) Left gastroduodenal artery C) Left gastroepiploic artery D) Portal vein

A) Splenic artery

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Postural hypotension is the common side effect of which of the following ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) ACE inhibitors B) Alpha receptor blockers C) Arteriolar dilators D) Selectiveβ1 blockers ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 40 years old female patient attends the OG department with swelling of legs for past one day. There is no history of fever. 2 years back she had a metastatic breast adenocarcinoma which was treated with paclitaxel and radiotherapy. Blood pressure 120/76 mmHg, Pulse rate 84/min, temperature 37.6 C, Respiratory rate 16/ min. Saturation was 99% in room air. There was warmth and tenderness over the left leg and left thigh. Auscultation of lungs revealed clear fields. Urine pregnancy test was negative. CT chest was normal. USG of left leg revealed thrombus in the superficial femoral vein. The most appropriate treatment is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Dalteparin and enoxaparin together B) Warfarin therapy with a goal to maintain INR of 2-3 C) Enoxaparin and warfarin therapy with a goal to maintain INR of 2-3 D) Aspirin and warfarin therapy with a goal to maintain INR of 2-3 ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Gettler test is for - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Drowning B) Hanging C) Arsenic poisoning D) Stangulation ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Second most common neoplasm seen in children is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lyphoma B) Brain tumor C) Wilm's tumor D) Neuroblastoma ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most common cause of chronic laryngeal stenosis is A) Trauma B) Tuberculosis C) SLE D) Tumour

A) Trauma

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Patient with pelvic fracture presents with anuria. After 24 hrs bladder is not palpable. Possible diagnosis includes:a) Bulbar urethral injuryb) Posterior urethral injuryc) Extraperitoneal rupture of bladderd) Intraperitoneal rupture of bladder ---- <<Choices:>> A) ab B) bc C) bd D) cd ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Relaxation of Detrusor occurs which receptors? ---- <<Choices:>> A) b-1 sympathetic B) b-2 sympathetic C) a-1 sympathetic D) a-2 sympathetic ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which is a Chemoattractant - ---- <<Choices:>> A) C5a B) Cl C) C3 D) C2 ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Surgical markings for finding the facial nerve is are? A) Tympano - mastoid suture B) Tragal pointer C) Posterior belly of digastric D) All the above

A) Tympano - mastoid suture

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not an example of fibrinoid necrosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) PAN B) Rheumatoid arthritis C) Pancreatitis D) Rheumatic fever ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following drug is not used in multiple sclerosis? A) Interferon Beta1b B) Interferon Beta1a C) Glatiramer acetate D) Mycophenolate mofetil

D) Mycophenolate mofetil

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The extraction of upper first molars may be indicated: ---- <<Choices:>> A) When the removal of 4/4 provides insufficient space B) Where they are rotated C) When their prognosis is poor D) When 5/5 are palatally placed ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following statements about treatment of migraine are true, except: A) Narotriptan has slower onset and longer t1/2 than sumatriptan B) Rizatriptan is more efficacious than sumatriptan C) Sumatriptan is a selective 5-HT 1B/1D agonist D) Sumatriptan is used for chronic migraine

D) Sumatriptan is used for chronic migraine

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Radial aery is cannulated to measure: March 2013 (f) A) Hea rate B) Blood pressure C) CVP D) End tidal CO2

B) Blood pressure

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following can cause visual adverse effects except : A) Ethambutol B) Rifampicin C) Chloroquine D) Digoxin

B) Rifampicin

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is not a Limb Girdle Dystrophy: A) Sarcoglycan dystrophy B) Dystrophin dystrophy C) Dysferlin dystrophy D) Calpain dystrophy

B) Dystrophin dystrophy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The upper limit of safety for carbonmonoxide in air is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) 0.20% B) 0.01% C) 0.40% D) 0.01% ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Mechanism by which pyruvate cytosol is transpoed to mitochondria is A) Chloride antipo B) Proton sympo C) ATP dependent antipo D) Facilitated unipo

B) Proton sympo

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> World Anti Tobacco Day is observed on ---- <<Choices:>> A) 31st May B) 5th June C) 12th July D) 24th November ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Radiation protection shields are made up of - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Copper B) Silver C) Lead D) Tin ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Proteins which are present in attached plaque: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Desmoplakin. B) Plakoglobin. C) Both. D) None. ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Lugol's iodine is given to the patient: A) Before surgery B) After surgery C) During surgery D) Adjuvant therapy

A) Before surgery

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 9-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her father for evaluation of intermittent muscle cramps for the past year and short stature. She has had recurrent upper respiratory tract infections since infancy. She is at the 5th percentile for weight and 10th percentile for height. Physical examination shows nasal polyps and dry skin. An x-ray of the right wrist shows osteopenia with epiphyseal widening. Which of the following sets of laboratory findings is most likely in this patient's serum? $$$ Calcium %%% Phosphorus %%% Parathyroid hormone %%% Calcitriol $$$ ---- <<Choices:>> A) ↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ B) ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ C) ↑ ↓ ↑ ↑ D) Normal ↓ ↑ ↓ ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most common tumor of spleen is: A) Lymphoma B) Sarcoma C) Hemangioma D) Metastasis

A) Lymphoma

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Kleptomania/pyromania is a: PGI 07, 11; AP 09 A) Conduct disorder B) Impulse disorder C) Personality disorder D) Conversion disorder

B) Impulse disorder

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is non-selective 3rd generation Beta blocker ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Betaxolol B) Celiprolol C) Caeolol D) Nadolol ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which condition shows the following characteristic EEG finding? A) Petitmal Epilepsy B) Grandmal Epilepsy C) Status Epilepticus D) Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

D) Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is located medial to the third molar, at the junction of the maxilla and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone? A) Posterior nasal spine B) Mylohyoid line C) Pterygoid hamulus D) Greater palatine foramen

D) Greater palatine foramen

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Lower lip carcinoma<lcm treatment- A) Radiation B) Chemotherapy C) Excision D) Radiation and chemotherapy

C) Excision

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> As per the revised norms for Anganwadi centers, how many centers are needed for a population of 1950 people in a rural area? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Hailey-hailey disease is A) Pemphigus B) Lyell's syndrome C) Benign familial chronic pemphigus D) Pemphigus acutus

C) Benign familial chronic pemphigus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following are potassium sparing diuretics except : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Triamterene B) Spironolactone C) Amiloride D) Indapamide ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of repetitive, involuntary blinking, shrugging, and grunting for the past year. His mother states that his symptoms improve when he is physically active, while tiredness, boredom, and stress aggravate them. He has felt increasingly embarrassed by his symptoms in school, and his grades have been dropping from average levels. He has met all his developmental milestones. Vital signs are within normal limits. Mental status examination shows intact higher mental functioning and thought processes. Excessive blinking, grunting, and jerking of the shoulders and neck occur while at rest. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. This patient's condition is most likely associated with which of the following findings? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Excessive impulsivity and inattention B) Feelings of persistent sadness and loss of interest C) Chorea and hyperreflexia D) Recurrent episodes of intense fear ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> What is the type of Antagonism when 2 different drugs act on 2 different sites on the same cell and their response is opposite to each other ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Chemical antagonism B) Physiological antagonism C) Competitive antagonism D) Reversible antagonism ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The free gingival graft is placed on: A) On the periosteum B) Bone C) Gingiva D) Periodontal pocket

A) On the periosteum

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Besides 3 D’s (Diarrhoea, Dermatitis & Dementi(a) of Niacin deficiency, 4th D indicates A) Death B) Destruction C) Debilitating D) Disability

A) Death

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

By international agreement, low birth weight has been defined as a birth weight when measured within the first hour of life is A) Less than 2000 grams B) Less than 2800 grams C) Less than 2500 grams D) Less than 3000 grams

C) Less than 2500 grams

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Infrabony pocket results from ---- <<Choices:>> A) Trauma from occlusion B) Dental plaque C) Actinomyces viscosus D) Improper tooth brushing ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Some of the E. coli bacteria that were originally isolated from a contaminated salad were tetracycline resistant while the others were susceptible. However, when tetracycline-resistant and -susceptible strains were grown together, all of them became tetracycline resistant. This efficient transfer of resistance depends on which of the following? A) Cell lysis and the release of DNA from donor bacteria B) Competent cells C) Conjugative plasmids D) Recombinase enzymes

C) Conjugative plasmids

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The gold standard for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is: A) Barium swallow B) Endoscopy C) 24-hours pH monitoring D) Esophageal manometry

C) 24-hours pH monitoring

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Clinical features of congenital edema are all except A) Bilateral B) Involvement of face C) Onset before 2 years of age D) Limb involvement

C) Onset before 2 years of age

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following has highest penetrating power? A) X-ray B) Gamma ray C) Beta particle D) Alpha particle

B) Gamma ray

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Drug used in type DM 1 apa from insulin? A) Glibenclamide B) Metformin C) Pramlintide D) Empagliflozin

C) Pramlintide

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> An adult presents to a physician because of repeated episodes of fainting. EKG fails to disclose an arrhythmia. Echocardiogram shows a mass in the left atrium that is acting like a "ball valve" to produce intermittent obstruction of flow. Which of the following would most likely be seen on microscopic examination of the resected mass? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Benign myxoid tumor B) Benign tumor with gland formation C) Benign tumor with striated muscle differentiation D) Malignant tumor with gland formation ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A condition in which person goes to deep sleep especially during day time A) Somnambulism B) Narcolepsy C) Hypnotism D) Epilepsy

B) Narcolepsy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 25-year-old woman presents with a 2-week history of febrile illness and chest pain. She has an erythematous, macular facial rash and tender joints, paicularly in her left wrist and elbow. A CBC shows mild anemia and thrombocytopenia. She is noted to have increased serum levels of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, a2-macroglobulin, serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein. Together, these markers belong to which of the following families of proteins? A) Acute phase proteins B) Anaphylatoxins C) Inhibitors of platelet activation D) Regulators of coagulation

A) Acute phase proteins

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 31-year-old man presents with a several-month history of foot sensory changes. He has noticed that he has a hard time telling the difference between a hardwood floor and carpet beneath his feet. He's also had a couple of falls lately; these falls were not preceded by any lightheadedness or palpitations. He is adopted, so his family history is unknown. On physical exam, he has leg and foot muscular atrophy and 4/5 strength throughout his bilateral lower extremities. Sensation to light touch and pinprick is decreased up to the mid-calf. Ankle jerk reflex is absent bilaterally. He has a significant pes cavus deformity of both feet. Nerve conduction studies show decreased conduction velocities in his bilateral peroneal nerves. Which of the following is the best treatment for this patient?? {'A': 'Aspirin', 'B': 'Cilostazol', 'C': 'Gabapentin', 'D': 'Referral to orthopedic surgery', 'E': 'Referral to physical therapy'},

E: Referral to physical therapy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 43-year-old lady presents with a 5 cm lump in right breast with a 3 cm node in the supraclavicular fossa. Which of the following TNM stage she belongs to as per the latest AJCC staging system - ---- <<Choices:>> A) T2N0M1 B) T1N0M1 C) T2N3M0 D) T2N2M0 ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Post herpetic neuralgia most commonly involves: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve. B) Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve. C) Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. D) None. ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> RNA is present in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cytoplasm B) Nucleus C) Ribosome D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most common enzyme deficiency responsible for Galactosemia is? A) UDP galactose epimerase B) Galaktokinase C) Galactosidase D) Galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase

D) Galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The SCAN index is generally used as a A) Malocclusion index B) Treatment need index C) Treatment change index D) Treatment of priority index

B) Treatment need index

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Herpes simplex encephalitis affects ………………………….. lobe A) Temporal B) Parietal C) Occipital D) Frontal

A) Temporal

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Salter's pelvic osteotomy is done for treatment of ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) CTEV B) SCFE C) DDH D) None ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Nail pitting is caused by all except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lichen planus B) Psoriasis C) Alopecia areata D) Pityriasis Rosacea ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Trypsin, Chymotrypsin & Elastases -What type of enzymes are they? A) Hydrolases B) Lyases C) Synthases D) Synthetases

A) Hydrolases

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Which is done even after control of disease? A) Surveillance B) Vaccination C) Chemoprophylaxis D) Prolonged treatment

A) Surveillance

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are true about HLA complex except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Class-I antigen are expressed in all nucleated cells and platelets B) Class-II inducts helper T-cells C) Class-I is homodimer whereas Class-II is heterodimer D) Class- I inducts cytotoxic T-cells ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 28 year old woman underwent a feility sparing surgery for a 6x6 cm granulosa cell ovarian tumour. Which one of the following will you monitor for detection of recurrence? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ca 19-9 B) LDH C) Inhibin B D) Placental Alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Patient presents with high fever, signs of raised ICT and a past history of chronic otitis media likely diagnosis is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Brain abscess B) Pyogenic meningitis C) Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage D) Acute osteomyelitis of skull bone ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma causes deafness by -a) Blocking the Eustachian tubeb) Serous otitis mediac) Temporal bone metastasisd) Radiation A) ab B) a C) ad D) bc

A) ab

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

RxofDI- A) ADH B) Thiazide C) Loop diureticsd D) Insulin

A) ADH

medical-qa-combined-split2

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A decrease in the urine output is called: A) Dysuria B) Nocturia C) Oliguria D) Polyuria

C) Oliguria

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Which is not true about Tardive Dyskinesia (TD): A) Clozapine is useful B) Dopaminergic super sensitivity is the cause C) Usually seen in perioral area D) Combining anticholinergics with antipsychotics Prevents TD

D) Combining anticholinergics with antipsychotics Prevents TD

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A four month old child develops cardiac failure and dies three months later. At autopsy, the hea has no obvious congenital defects, but the cardiac chambers are small and covered with thick, white endocardium. Histological sections of the hea demonstrate regular bands of elastic tissue in the thick fibrous endocardium. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A) Coxsackievirus myocarditis B) Cardiac amyloidosis C) Endocardial fibroelastosis D) Idiopathic subaoic stenosis

C) Endocardial fibroelastosis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Reversible cause of dementia is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Alzheimer's disease B) Parkinsonism C) Hypothyroidism D) Vascular dementia ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 27 year old nulliparous woman complains of severe menorrhagia and lower abdominal pain since 4 months. On examination there is a 9 wks size uterus with fundal fibroid. The treatment of choice is: A) Myomectomy B) GnRh analogues C) Hysterectomy D) Wait and watch

A) Myomectomy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Ingestion of arsenic causes : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hepatic carcinoma B) Hepatic adenoma C) Non cirrhotic poal fibrosis D) Hepatic cirrhosis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which is true about indirect inguinal hernia - A) It travels through both superficial and deep ingunal ring B) It travels through deep ingunal ring only C) It travels through superficial inguinal ring only D) It occurs through Hesselbach's triangle

A) It travels through both superficial and deep ingunal ring

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is not associated with Mallory Hyaline bodies A) Alcoholic liver disease B) Primary biliary cirrhosis C) Secondary biliary cirrhosis D) Indian childhood cirrhosis

C) Secondary biliary cirrhosis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 60-year old male has a long standing history of breathlessness. He has been a heavy smoker since the age of 20 years. Physical examination reveals an anxious male who is emaciated, puffing for breath but is not cyanosed. The chest is barrels shaped. The investigation of choice in this patient be ---- <<Choices:>> A) High resolution CT B) contrast enhanced CT C) Plain skiagram chest D) Ultrasound test ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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<<Question:>> A 12-year-old boy complains of swelling of his feet for the past 3 weeks. He is otherwise healthy, with no known previous illness. Vital signs are normal. Physical examination reveals pitting edema of the lower legs and a swollen abdomen. Urinalysis shows 4+ protein but no RBCs or WBCs. Which of the following are the most likely diagnoses to consider in your evaluation of this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura, lupus nephritis B) Malignant hypertension, renal vein thrombosis C) Minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis D) Pyelonephritis, acute tubular necrosis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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<<Question:>> A 40-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with a 5-month history of worsening bladder discomfort. Her discomfort is relieved by voiding. She voids 10–15 times per day and wakes up 2–3 times per night to void. She has not had any involuntary loss of urine. She has tried cutting down on fluids and taking NSAIDs to reduce the discomfort with minimal relief. Her past medical history is significant for bipolar disorder. She is sexually active with her husband but reports that intercourse has recently become painful. Current medications include lithium. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pulse is 65/min, and blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg. Examination shows tenderness to palpation of her suprapubic region. Urinalysis shows: Color clear pH 6.7 Specific gravity 1.010 Protein 1+ Glucose negative Ketones negative Blood negative Nitrite negative Leukocyte esterase negative WBC 0/hpf Squamous epithelial cells 2/hpf Bacteria None A pelvic ultrasound shows a postvoid residual urine is 25 mL. A cystoscopy shows a normal urethra and normal bladder mucosa. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?" ---- <<Choices:>> A) Overactive bladder B) Interstitial cystitis C) Urinary retention D) Diabetes insipidus ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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<<Question:>> A pregnant patient with a positive test for gonorrhea and no testing for chlamydial infection should be treated with which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once and azithromycin 1 g orally once B) Cefixime 400 mg orally once C) Erythromycin 500 mg orally four times daily for 7 days D) Azithromycin 1 g orally once and amoxicillin 500 mg orally three times daily for 7 days ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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<<Question:>> All are esters EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Prilocaine B) Cocaine C) Tetracaine D) Chlorprocaine ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Which of the following is NOT associated with thiazide diuretics? A) Hypercalciuria B) Hyponatremia C) Hypokalemia D) Hyperuricemia

A) Hypercalciuria

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From vitreous humor, estimation of time since death is done by: WB 11; NEET 13 A) K+- level B) Na+ level C) Glucose level D) Urea level

A) K+- level

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Which of the following is a feature of papillon lefevre syndrome? A) destructive periodontitis B) palmar-plantar keratosis C) calcification of dura D) all the above

D) all the above

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<<Question:>> An otherwise healthy 44-year-old man with no prior medical history has had increasing back pain and right hip pain for the past decade. The pain is worse at the end of the day. On physical examination he has bony enlargement of the distal interphalangeal joints. A radiograph of the spine reveals the presence of prominent osteophytes involving the vertebral bodies. There is sclerosis with narrowing of the joint space at the right acetabulum seen on a radiograph of the pelvis. Which of the following diseases is he most likely to have? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gout B) Rheumatoid arthritis C) Osteoarthritis D) Osteomyelitis ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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<<Question:>> To achieve the objectives of vertical condensation, it is necessary to produce: ---- <<Choices:>> A) A cylindrical canal B) A conical canal C) A tapering conical canal D) A straight canal ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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<<Question:>> Most impoant prognostic factor for breast carcinoma is: March 2005 ---- <<Choices:>> A) Age of the patient B) Lymph node involvement C) Genetic factors D) Family history ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Which is the most reliable diagnostic method for staging the oesphageal cancer? A) MRI B) Endoscopic ultrasound C) CT scan D) Thoracoscopy

B) Endoscopic ultrasound

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<<Question:>> During the treatment with rifampicin some patients will have mild elevation in the bilirubin with normal transaminases.This is due to: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hemolysis B) Transient cholestasis with bile duct injury C) Microsomal enzyme induction D) Hepatic adaptation ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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<<Question:>> Treatment of calculus within the submandibular salivary gland is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Removal of sinus B) Removal of the gland C) Dichotomy D) Milking of the stone ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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<<Question:>> Molluscum contagiosu m virus belongs to - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Poxviruses B) Herpesviruses C) Picornaviruses D) Adenovirus ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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<<Question:>> Which of the following tumors most commonly presents with upper gastrointestinal bleeding? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Primary gastric cancer B) Esophageal carcinoma C) Metastases to stomach D) Hepatic adenocarcinoma ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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<<Question:>> A 55-year-old man presents to urgent care for weakness and weight loss. He states for the past several months he has felt progressively weaker and has lost 25 pounds. The patient also endorses intermittent abdominal pain. The patient has not seen a physician in 30 years and recalls being current on most of his vaccinations. He says that a few years ago, he went to the emergency department due to abdominal pain and was found to have increased liver enzymes due to excessive alcohol use and incidental gallstones. The patient has a 50 pack-year smoking history. His temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), blood pressure is 161/108 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, respirations are 17/min, and oxygen saturation is 95% on room air. Physical exam reveals an emaciated man. The patient has a negative Murphy's sign and his abdomen is non-tender. Cardiopulmonary exam is within normal limits. Which of the following is the next best step in management? ---- <<Choices:>> A) CT scan of the abdomen B) CT scan of the liver C) HIDA scan D) Smoking cessation advice and primary care follow up ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Calculate the Age of fetus having CRL 23 cm, foot length 7 cm. Talus is present and testes are present at superficial inguinal ring? A) 5 months B) 6 months C) 7 months D) 8 months

C) 7 months

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<<Question:>> The common causative agent in diarrhea in AIDS patients is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Toxoplasma B) Cryptosporidium C) Salmonellae D) Mycobacteria ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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<<Question:>> A 28-year-old man presents to the emergency department with diffuse abdominal pain and nausea for the past 5 hours. The pain started with a dull ache but is now quite severe. He notes that he “just doesn’t feel like eating” and has not eaten anything for almost a day. Although the nausea is getting worse, the patient has not vomited. He notes no medical issues in the past and is not currently taking any medications. He admits to drinking alcohol (at least 2–3 bottles of beer per day after work and frequent binge-drinking weekends with friends). He says that he does not smoke or use illicit drugs. Vital signs include: pulse rate 120/min, respiratory rate 26/min, and blood pressure 100/70 mm Hg. On examination, the patient’s abdomen is diffusely tender. His breath smells like alcohol, with a fruity tinge to it. Bowel sounds are present. No other findings are noted. Fingerstick glucose is 76mg/dL. After the examination, the patient suddenly and spontaneously vomits. Which of the following is the underlying mechanism of the most likely diagnosis in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increased acetyl CoA levels B) Inadequate insulin production C) Increased osmolal gap D) Thiamine deficiency ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Which of the following is true about patent ductus arteriosus? A) Indomethacin is used in medical management B) It is congenital cyanotic heart disease C) There is a patent connection between the aorta and pulmonary veins D) Mid diastolic murmur is heard

A) Indomethacin is used in medical management

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In which condition, a rubber -- ring passary is an appropriate management for a woman who is having utero -- vaginal prolapse : A) Old age B) Active reproductive age C) Early pregnancy D) Prolapse associated with carcinoma of cervix

C) Early pregnancy

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<<Question:>> Anti U1-14NP antibody is seen in?- ---- <<Choices:>> A) SLE B) Scleroderma C) MCTD D) Dermatomyositis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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<<Question:>> Herring bone pattern is seen in? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Rhabdomyosarcoma B) Fibrosarcoma C) Fibrocytic Histiocytoma D) Liposarcoma ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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A twenty-one-year-old woman complains that regular, gentle brushing of her teeth is painful besides causing profuse bleeding. Oral examination reveals the loss of epithelium from the attached gingival of both arches. Which of the following dermatological problems is this patient most likely to have? A) Benign mucous membrane pemphigiod B) Chronic discoid lupus erythematosus C) Pemphigus D) Psoriasis

A) Benign mucous membrane pemphigiod

medical-qa-combined-split2

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<<Question:>> Substrate-level phosphorylation seen in reaction catalysed in ---- <<Choices:>> A) Succinate dehydrogenase B) Alfa-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase C) Succinyl CoA thiokinase D) Malate dehydrogenase ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Psoralen–A is used in the treatment of – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pemphigus B) Vitiligo C) Pityriasis alba D) Icthyosis ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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