CodCodingCode/medcialQA-reasoning-V2.1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringclasses 8 values	input stringlengths 6 2.69k	output stringlengths 1 34.2k	source stringclasses 3 values
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In normal edge and centroid relationship A) Edge and centroid are in one plane B) Edge is in front of centroid C) Edge is behind the centroid D) None of the above	B) Edge is in front of centroid	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Erythema nodosum is seen in all except - A) SLE B) TB C) Pregnancy D) Sulfonamide use	A) SLE	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Murphy's Sign is seen in? A) Acute appendicitis B) Acute cholecystitis C) Acute Pancreatitis D) Ectopic pregnancy	B) Acute cholecystitis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The given histological specimen is of A) Thymus B) Spleen C) Lymph node D) Seminal vesicles	B) Spleen	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which does not cause hypoglycemia - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Insulin B) Glimipiride C) Nateglinide D) Acarbose ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not a prognostic factor for Acute Pancreatitis ---- <<Choices:>> A) Serum Amylase B) Serum Calcium C) Serum Glucose D) Serum AST ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 25-year-old primigravida presents to her physician for a routine prenatal visit. She is at 34 weeks gestation, as confirmed by an ultrasound examination. She has no complaints, but notes that the new shoes she bought 2 weeks ago do not fit anymore. The course of her pregnancy has been uneventful and she has been compliant with the recommended prenatal care. Her medical history is unremarkable. She has a 15-pound weight gain since the last visit 3 weeks ago. Her vital signs are as follows: blood pressure, 148/90 mm Hg; heart rate, 88/min; respiratory rate, 16/min; and temperature, 36.6℃ (97.9℉). The blood pressure on repeat assessment 4 hours later is 151/90 mm Hg. The fetal heart rate is 151/min. The physical examination is significant for 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremity. Which of the following tests o should confirm the probable condition of this patient?? {'A': 'Bilirubin assessment', 'B': 'Coagulation studies', 'C': 'Hematocrit assessment', 'D': 'Leukocyte count with differential', 'E': '24-hour urine protein'},	E: 24-hour urine protein	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> True about Haemorrhoid : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Internal haemorrhoid is dilation of superior rectal artery B) Interna] haemorrhoid lined by - Squamous & transitional epithelium C) External haemorrhoid lined by - Squamous & transitional epithelium D) Internal haemorrhoid is classified on basis of prolapse ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Deep perineal pouch contains A) Bulb of penis B) Crura of penis C) Bulbospongiosus D) Membranous urethra	D) Membranous urethra	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Purest water in nature is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Rain water B) River water C) Deep well D) Impounding reservoirs ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 25 years old female develops serous otitis media of left ear with cough and occasional hemoptysis and . hematuria and epistaxis for one and half months her. Hemoglobin is 7 gm. B.P. > 170/100, ptoreinuria +++, RA positive (+ve) and ANCA positive (+ve), the likely cause is- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Wegener's granulo matosis B) Rheumiatoid ahritis C) Rapidly proliferative glomerulonephritis D) Good pasteur's syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A butt joint is a ---- <<Choices:>> A) 90° joint B) 120° joint C) 70° joint D) 180° joint ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	False regarding eating disorder is: A) Neurohumoral related B) Hereditary 80% C) Starvation increases symptom D) Penetrance is 50%	D) Penetrance is 50%	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The corpus luteum secretes : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Oestrogens B) Progesterone C) Both D) None ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 5 year old boy suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy and polymyositis has been fasting for 8 hour and has to undergo tendon lengthening procedure. Which anaesthetics should be used? A) Induction by I.V. scoline and N20 halothane for maintenance B) Induction by I.V. propofol, N20 and O2 for maintenance C) Induction by I.V. thiopentone and N20 and halothane for maintenance D) Inhalational N20, halothane and O2 for maintenance	B) Induction by I.V. propofol, N20 and O2 for maintenance	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are seen in acute HIV syndrome Except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pneumonia B) Lymphadenopathy C) Myelopathy D) Encephalitis ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Wide QRS duration is - A) > 0.8sec B) > 0.9 sec C) >0.12 Sec D) >0.05 Sec	C) >0.12 Sec	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Helicobacter pylori is not associated with ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gastrointestinal lymphoma B) Gastric cancer C) Gastric leiomyoma D) Peptic ulcer ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> What is the formula for parenteral iron therapy : ---- <<Choices:>> A) 4.4. X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl) B) 3.3. X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/ dl) C) 2.2 X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl) D) 1.1 X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl) ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Common peroneal nerve is related to which of the following structures? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Shaft of tibia B) Neck of fibula C) Lower tibio-fibular joint D) Shaft of fibula ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All the following are true regarding COPD EXCEPT ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increased residual volume B) Increased total lung capacity C) Decreased residual volume/total lung capacity ratio D) Decreased vital capacity ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Pruritis (Itching) is caused by deficiency of - ---- <<Choices:>> A) HMB synthase B) 5-ALA dehydratase C) Uroporphyrinogen - I synthase D) Uroporphyrinogen - III synthase ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which one of the following local anesthetics belongs to the ester group? A) Procaine B) Lignocaine C) Bupivacaine D) Mepivacaine	A) Procaine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Aminoacyl t-RNA is not require for - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Proline B) Lysine C) Hydroxy lysine D) Methionine ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Physiological interruption of transmission is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Neuropraxia B) Neurotmesis C) Axonotmesis D) None of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Commonly used in narcoanalysis A) Atropine B) Scopolamine C) Opium D) Thiopentone	D) Thiopentone	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are true regarding bleaching powder, except ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Contains about 33% of available chlorine B) It is a stable compound C) White amorphous compound D) Strong bleaching agent ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Green frothy vaginal discharge is produced by - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Herpes simplex B) Candida albicans C) Trichomonas vaginalis D) Normal vaginal flora ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The following phase diagram (in which Liquid + Beta solid solution -----------→ Alpha solid solution) shows: A) Eutectic alloy B) Peritectic alloy C) Both D) None	B) Peritectic alloy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 46–year-old male, Jorawar Singh presented to the emergency with muscle weakness and cramping. He has been taking hydrochlorothiazide for recently diagnosed hypertension. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his symptoms? A) Hypocalcemia B) Hyponatremia C) Hypokalemia D) Hypoglycemia	C) Hypokalemia	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Nolla stage 6 means: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Crown completion B) 1/3rd root completed C) 2/3rd root completed D) Crown almost completed ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Heschl's gyrus in the brain contains ---- <<Choices:>> A) Parietal association cortex B) Wernicke's area C) Primary auditory cortex D) Medial frontal cortex ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Fraction of CPK is an enzyme that is elevated in a myocardial infarct is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) MM fraction B) MB fraction C) BB fraction D) Both MM and BB fraction ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 40-year-old air-conditioner technician is referred to a psychiatrist because of change in behavior and deterioration in functioning. When he feels the gust of cold air coming from the air conditioner, he interprets the cold air as poison gas from Mars. This phenomenon can be described as? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Delusional memory B) Delusional perception C) Tactile hallucination D) Primary delusion ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A pharmaceutical company conducts a randomized clinical trial in an attempt to show that their new anticoagulant drug, Aclotsaban, prevents more thrombotic events following total knee arthroplasty than the current standard of care. However, a significant number of patients are lost to follow-up or fail to complete treatment according to the study arm to which they were assigned. Despite this, the results for the patients who completed the course of Aclotsaban are encouraging. Which of the following techniques is most appropriate to use in order to attempt to prove the superiority of Aclotsaban?? {'A': 'Per-protocol analysis', 'B': 'Intention-to-treat analysis', 'C': 'As-treated analysis', 'D': 'Sub-group analysis', 'E': 'Non-inferiority analysis'},	B: Intention-to-treat analysis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Intracellular receptors are used by ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) ACTH B) TSH C) Glucocoicoids D) Insulin ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is most specific for arsenic poisoning ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Red velvety stomach mucosa B) Blue lining on gums C) Tremors D) Anemia ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not involved in MEN II syndrome ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pituitary tumor B) Medullary carcinoma of thyroid C) Pheochromocytoma D) Parathyroid adenoma ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 10-year-old child presents to your office with a chronic cough. His mother states that he has had a cough for the past two weeks that is non-productive along with low fevers of 100.5 F as measured by an oral thermometer. The mother denies any other medical history and states that he has been around one other friend who also has had this cough for many weeks. The patient's vitals are within normal limits with the exception of his temperature of 100.7 F. His chest radiograph demonstrated diffuse interstitial infiltrates. Which organism is most likely causing his pneumonia? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Streptococcus pneumoniae D) Streptococcus agalactiae ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Anterior scalloping of veabrae seen in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Obsteogenesis imperfecta B) Aoic aneurysm C) Metastasis D) Renal Cell Ca ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 42 year old male after being influenced by online weight losing program decides to do an intense workout at gym. But he noticed that even after 45 minutes of workout he didn't sweat. After that he went for steam bath and then also there was no perspiration. He noticed this from last few days and repoed to Medicine opd for the same . what could be the possible cause for this ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Somatic nervous system dysfunction B) Sudomotor failure C) Autonomic nervous system dysfunction D) None of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Norepinephrine action at the synaptic cleft is terminated by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Metabolism by COMT B) Metabolism by MAO C) Reuptake D) Metabolism by acetylcholinesterase ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is not component of acinus? A) Pulmonary lobule B) Respiratory bronchioles C) Alveolar ducts D) Alveolar sac	A) Pulmonary lobule	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Monro-Kellie doctrine is related to injury of A) Head B) Abdomen C) Chest D) Leg	A) Head	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which virus is implicated in Burkits lymphoma? ---- <<Choices:>> A) EBV B) HTLV C) HPV D) HHV8 ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Some of the E. coli bacteria that were originally isolated from a contaminated salad were tetracycline resistant while the others were susceptible. However, when tetracycline-resistant and -susceptible strains were grown together, all of them became tetracycline resistant. This efficient transfer of resistance depends on which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cell lysis and the release of DNA from donor bacteria B) Competent cells C) Conjugative plasmids D) Recombinase enzymes ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Transfusion-associated malaria has a shoer incubation period because of the presence in blood of: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Trophozoites B) Sporozoites C) Female gametocyte D) Merozoites ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following drugs inhibit an enzyme in the prostaglandin synthesis ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Aminocaproic acid B) Aspirin C) Aprotinin D) Alteplase ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 4-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician for severe developmental delay. On exam he is noted to have macroorchidism, hypertelorism, large protruding ears, a large jaw, and a long thin face. Suspicious of what the diagnosis may be, the pediatrician orders a PCR and DNA sequencing. The results reveal an expansion of 250 repeats of CGG. What is the diagnosis of the boy?? {'A': "Huntington's disease", 'B': 'Fragile X syndrome', 'C': 'Freidrich ataxia', 'D': 'Myotonic dystrophy type 1', 'E': 'Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy'},	B: Fragile X syndrome	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Abstract:>> ### PURPOSE The serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level correlates with the clinical prognosis in patients with kidney, penile and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PC). We prospectively evaluated the preoperative CRP level as a predictive marker for an advanced tumor stage or high-grade cancer in patients with clinically localized PC. ### METHODS The study evaluated 629 patients with clinically localized PC who underwent radical prostatectomy between 2010 and 2013. Exclusion criteria were signs of systemic infection, symptoms of an autoimmune disease or neoadjuvant androgen deprivation. ### RESULTS Poorly differentiated PC tends to be more common in patients with elevated CRP levels (15.5 vs. 9.5%, p = 0.08). Analogously, patients with a Gleason score ≥8 PC had significantly higher median CRP levels than those with a Gleason score ≤7 PC (1.9 vs. 1.2 mg/l, p = 0.03). However, neither uni- nor multivariate analysis showed an association between the preoperative CRP level and the presence of a locally advanced tumor stage, lymph node metastases or a positive surgical margin. CRP also failed to correlate with the initial PSA level and the clinical tumor-associated findings. Moreover, multivariate analysis relativized the association between an elevated CRP level and poor tumor differentiation. ---- <<Question:>> Do preoperative serum C-reactive protein levels predict the definitive pathological stage in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer? ---- <<Choices:>> A) yes B) no C) maybe ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Pupil that responds to convergence but light reflex is absent: A) Adies pupil B) Argyl Robeson pupil C) Hutchison pupil D) Wernicke's pupil	B) Argyl Robeson pupil	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The major blood supply to the testes comes through the: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypogastric aeries. B) Pudendal aeries. C) Internal spermatic aeries. D) External spermatic aeries. ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The following statements are true regarding the SA node except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Is located at the right border of the ascending aoa B) It contains specialized nodal cardiac muscle C) It is supplied by the aial branches of the right coronary aery D) It initiates cardiac conduction ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 40 year old male presented with severe epigastric pain radiating to back. O/E- HR is 110/min, RR- 22/min & BP- 100/70mmHg. His abdominal X-ray is shown below which depicts: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sentinel loop sign B) Colon cut-off sign C) Renal halo sign D) Obliteration of psoas shadow ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following tumors show increased -kit - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Yolk sac tumor B) Embryonal carcinoma C) Choriocarcinoma D) Seminoma ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Popcorn calcification is characteristically seen in – ---- <<Choices:>> A) TB B) Metastasis C) Pulmonary hamartoma D) Fungal invagination ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	WHICH of the following cell is most commonly associated with chronic allergic asthma ? A) TH17 B) TH1 C) TH 2 D) TH 4	C) TH 2	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Nerve supply of Trapezius ---- <<Choices:>> A) Spinal accessory nerve B) Hypoglossal nerve C) Trochlear nerve D) Trigeminal nerve ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The mental foramen which appears as a radiolucency and can be mistaken for a periapicat pathology lies close to the apex of which tooth: A) Mandibular 1st molar B) Maxillary 1st molar C) Mandibular 2nd premolar D) Mandibular canine	C) Mandibular 2nd premolar	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Elective cholecystectomy is which type of surgery? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Clean contaminated B) Clean C) Diy D) Contaminated ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All the following are true of DeQuervan's Thyroiditis except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pain B) Increased ESR C) Increased radioactive iodine uptake D) Fever ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	An obsessive compulsive neurosis patient is likely to develop: A) Hallucination B) Depression C) Delusion D) Schizophrenia	B) Depression	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Urothelium lines all Except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ureters B) Minor calyx C) Urinary bladder D) Membranous Urethra ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	PTEN gene mutation is seen in - A) Ovarian carcinoma B) Li - Fraumani syndrome C) Endometrial carcinoma D) MEN2A	C) Endometrial carcinoma	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following hormone is essential for breast milk ejection? A) Oxytocin B) Prolactin C) Galactogen D) GH	A) Oxytocin	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Tryptophan is glucogenic & ketogenic by producing - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acetyl Co A & alanine B) Acetoacetate & fumarate C) Acetoacetate & arginine D) Arginine & alanine ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	After digestion by restriction endonucleases DNA strands can be joined again by: A) DNA polymerase B) DNA ligase C) DNA topoisomerase D) DNA gyrase	B) DNA ligase	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Purpose of liners and bases is/are: A) Pulp protection from thermal and chemical agents B) Pulp protection from mechanical and electrical agents C) Pulp medication D) All of the above	D) All of the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	True about next generation sequencing A) Entire human genome can be sequenced within a single day B) More sensitive than sanger sequencing C) It Utilizes RNA sequencing to discover novel RNA variants D) All of the above	D) All of the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of fever, breathing difficulty, and cough during the past week. In the past year, the patient was diagnosed with four sinus infections, 3 upper respiratory tract infections, and an episode of severe bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization. Since birth, he has had multiple episodes of oral thrush treated with nystatin, as well as chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive. His temperature is 38.0°C (100.4°F), pulse is 130/min, respirations are 38/min, and blood pressure is 106/63 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry at room air shows an oxygen saturation of 88%. Pulmonary auscultation shows bilateral crackles and wheezing. Physical examination indicates a prominent nasal bridge, hypoplastic nasal wing, a shortened chin, and dysplastic ears. An X-ray of the chest shows hyperinflation of the lungs, interstitial infiltrates, and atelectasis. The patient tests positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in the nasopharyngeal aspirate. This patient most likely has a deficiency of which of the following?? {'A': 'B cells', 'B': 'B and T cells', 'C': 'Immunoglobulin A', 'D': 'Interleukin-12 receptor', 'E': 'T cells'},	E: T cells	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> drug used in the management of treatment resistant schizophrenia is ---- <<Choices:>> A) clozapine B) olanzapine C) flupenthixol D) haloperissol ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are the radiological sings of Urogenital TB EXCEPT ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) “Smudeged Papillae” and “Moth eaten Calyx” B) "Putty Kidney” C) “Saw tooth Ureter” D) ”Enlarged Bladder’ ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In what % of patients with hydatidiform mole height of uterus is more than expected for the period of amenorrrhea? A) 10% B) 30% C) 50% D) 70%	D) 70%	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is an example of small-vessel vasculitis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Takayasu arteritis B) Microscopicpolyangitis C) Giant cellarteritis D) Polyarteritis nodosa ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Punishment for a person seeking prenatal diagnostic facilities for purpose of sex selection is ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1 year imprisonment and fine Rs.10000 B) 3 - 5 years imprisonment and fine Rs.50000 - 1 lakh C) 1 year imprisonment and fine Rs.50000 - 1 lakh D) 3 year imprisonment and fine Rs.10000 ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A scientist observes a myocyte beating in cell culture. Which step is the most direct necessary component of relaxation for this cell? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Influx of sodium ions B) Influx of calcium ions from the sacroplasmic reticulum C) Influx of calcium ions from outside the myocyte D) Efflux of calcium ions ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	CAR-T cells are used in the treatment of which of the following cancers? A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia B) Soft tissue sarcoma C) Medulloblastoma D) Small cell lung carcinoma	A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 44-year-old man presents to the family medicine clinic for some small bumps on his left thigh. The lesions are non-pruritic and have been present for the last 3 weeks. He reports feeling fatigued and malaise for the past few months. The patient has no known medical problems and takes no medications. He smokes one pack of cigarettes per day and uses intravenous street drugs. His heart rate is 82/min, the respiratory rate is 14/min, the temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), and the blood pressure is 126/80 mm Hg. Auscultation of the heart is without murmurs. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally. Three 2-3 mm, dome-shaped, hardened papules are noted on the left thigh. Central umbilication can be observed in each papule. There is a non-tender cervical lymphadenopathy present. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bed bug bite B) Molluscum contagiosum C) Atopic dermatitis D) Acute urticaria ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Hyperpigmented lesions are ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pityriasisalba B) Melanoma C) Naevus anaemicus D) All ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Gold criteria for very severe airflow obstruction in COPD is A) FEV1/FVC<0.7 & FEV1>=80% predicted B) FEV1/FVC<0.7 & >=50% FEV1 but <80% predicted C) FEV1/FVC<0.7 & FEV1>=30% but <50% predicted D) FEV1/FVC<0.7 and FEV1<30% predicted	D) FEV1/FVC<0.7 and FEV1<30% predicted	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Glucose alanine cycle is impoant in: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Liver B) Hea C) Muscle D) Kidney ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The entry of bacteria through which space could lead to an infection in the mastoid air cells? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nasopharyngeal tube B) Cochlea C) External acoustic meatus D) Internal acoustic meatus ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Keloid scar is made up of - A) Dense collagen B) Loose fibrous tissue C) Granulamatous tissue D) Loose areolar tissue	A) Dense collagen	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most of the cases of Listeria are due to serovar A) 1 B) 4a C) 4b D) 6	C) 4b	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Buprenorphine is partial agonist of ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mu (u) receptor B) Delta (d) receptor C) Kappa (k) receptor D) Sigma (s) receptor ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Postural ohostatic tachycardia syndrome is characterized by all except? A) Women affected more commonly than men B) Hea rate > 120/minute C) Increase in hea rate > 30/minute when standing D) Usually presents with ohostatic hypotension	D) Usually presents with ohostatic hypotension	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Persistent priapism in childhood is due to A) Sickle cell anaemia B) Hairy cell leukaemia C) Paraphimosis D) Urethral stenosis	A) Sickle cell anaemia	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A patient was recently staed on Fluphenazine. A few weeks later, he developed tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and excessive salivation. The first line of management for this patient is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Selegiline B) Trihexyphenidyl C) Pramipexole D) Amantadine ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following are impoant in determining blood viscosity except? A) Hematocrit B) Plasma protein concentration C) Shear rate D) Systemic aerial blood pressure	D) Systemic aerial blood pressure	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 33 years old patient with history of asthma is being treated for symptoms of hypertension. Which of the following beta blocker would be an appropriate therapy for this patient: A) Isoprenaline B) Labetalol C) Metoprolol D) Propranolol	C) Metoprolol	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which among the following is a feature of denervation of smooth muscle? A) Atrophy of the muscle. B) Decrease in no of receptors for neurotransmitters C) Increased sensitivity to chemical mediators D) Decreased neurotransmitter release At NMJ	C) Increased sensitivity to chemical mediators	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Death in fresh water occurs within ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1-2 minutes B) 4-5 minutes C) 10 minutes D) 20 minutes ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is least absorbable in renal tubules? A) Creatinine B) Glucose C) Urea D) Sucrose	A) Creatinine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 25-year-old male graduate student is brought to the emergency department for respiratory distress after he was found by his roommate coughing and severely short of breath. He was diagnosed with HIV infection 3 months ago but is not compliant with his antiretroviral therapy. He is from Chile and moved here 5 years ago. He appears unwell and is unable to speak in full sentences. His temperature is 38.2°C (100.7°F), pulse is 127/min, respirations are 32/min, and blood pressure is 95/65 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry shows an oxygen saturation of 86% on room air. No oral thrush is seen. The patient is placed on supplemental oxygen. Serum studies show: Lactate dehydrogenase 364 IU/L CD4 cell count 98/mm3 Beta-D-glucan elevated Arterial blood gas analysis shows: pH 7.50 PaCO2 22 mm Hg PaO2 60 mm Hg HCO3 20 mEq/L An x-ray of the chest is shown. Standard antibiotic therapy is begun immediately. The most appropriate next step in management is administration of which of the following?" ---- <<Choices:>> A) Prednisone B) Isoniazid C) Azithromycin D) Filgrastim ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Operation for undescended testis should be done at (at what age in years)? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1 B) 1 to 2 C) 2 to 3 D) 5 ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Proof puncture is done through ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Superior meatus B) Middle meatus C) Inferior meatus D) Sphenoethmoidal recess ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	25 year old male sustained road traffic accident . he is found unresponsive, has a pulse but does not appear to be breathing. You are unable to give CPR, what do you do next A) Begin CPR B) Abdominal thrusts C) Hemlinch maneuver D) Repeat head tilt/chin lift maneuver and attempt the breath again	D) Repeat head tilt/chin lift maneuver and attempt the breath again	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A midline cleft lip is due to the failure of fusion between: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Maxillary processes B) Medial nasal processes C) Medial and lateral nasal process D) Medial nasal and maxillary process ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	School closure is recommended during an outbreak of swine flu. All of the following support this except: A) Closure of school will not lead to reduction in contact between children B) Children are the most common affected population by swine flu C) Increased rates of transmission due to more opportunities for contact D) Playing together of students increases transmission	A) Closure of school will not lead to reduction in contact between children	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Healing of a wound which simply restores the continuity of the diseased marginal gingiva is known as A) Regeneration B) new attachment C) Repair D) reattachment	C) Repair	medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In normal edge and centroid relationship A) Edge and centroid are in one plane B) Edge is in front of centroid C) Edge is behind the centroid D) None of the above

B) Edge is in front of centroid

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Erythema nodosum is seen in all except - A) SLE B) TB C) Pregnancy D) Sulfonamide use

A) SLE

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Murphy's Sign is seen in? A) Acute appendicitis B) Acute cholecystitis C) Acute Pancreatitis D) Ectopic pregnancy

B) Acute cholecystitis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The given histological specimen is of A) Thymus B) Spleen C) Lymph node D) Seminal vesicles

B) Spleen

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which does not cause hypoglycemia - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Insulin B) Glimipiride C) Nateglinide D) Acarbose ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not a prognostic factor for Acute Pancreatitis ---- <<Choices:>> A) Serum Amylase B) Serum Calcium C) Serum Glucose D) Serum AST ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 25-year-old primigravida presents to her physician for a routine prenatal visit. She is at 34 weeks gestation, as confirmed by an ultrasound examination. She has no complaints, but notes that the new shoes she bought 2 weeks ago do not fit anymore. The course of her pregnancy has been uneventful and she has been compliant with the recommended prenatal care. Her medical history is unremarkable. She has a 15-pound weight gain since the last visit 3 weeks ago. Her vital signs are as follows: blood pressure, 148/90 mm Hg; heart rate, 88/min; respiratory rate, 16/min; and temperature, 36.6℃ (97.9℉). The blood pressure on repeat assessment 4 hours later is 151/90 mm Hg. The fetal heart rate is 151/min. The physical examination is significant for 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremity. Which of the following tests o should confirm the probable condition of this patient?? {'A': 'Bilirubin assessment', 'B': 'Coagulation studies', 'C': 'Hematocrit assessment', 'D': 'Leukocyte count with differential', 'E': '24-hour urine protein'},

E: 24-hour urine protein

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> True about Haemorrhoid : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Internal haemorrhoid is dilation of superior rectal artery B) Interna] haemorrhoid lined by - Squamous & transitional epithelium C) External haemorrhoid lined by - Squamous & transitional epithelium D) Internal haemorrhoid is classified on basis of prolapse ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Deep perineal pouch contains A) Bulb of penis B) Crura of penis C) Bulbospongiosus D) Membranous urethra

D) Membranous urethra

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Purest water in nature is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Rain water B) River water C) Deep well D) Impounding reservoirs ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 25 years old female develops serous otitis media of left ear with cough and occasional hemoptysis and . hematuria and epistaxis for one and half months her. Hemoglobin is 7 gm. B.P. > 170/100, ptoreinuria +++, RA positive (+ve) and ANCA positive (+ve), the likely cause is- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Wegener's granulo matosis B) Rheumiatoid ahritis C) Rapidly proliferative glomerulonephritis D) Good pasteur's syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A butt joint is a ---- <<Choices:>> A) 90° joint B) 120° joint C) 70° joint D) 180° joint ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

False regarding eating disorder is: A) Neurohumoral related B) Hereditary 80% C) Starvation increases symptom D) Penetrance is 50%

D) Penetrance is 50%

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The corpus luteum secretes : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Oestrogens B) Progesterone C) Both D) None ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 5 year old boy suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy and polymyositis has been fasting for 8 hour and has to undergo tendon lengthening procedure. Which anaesthetics should be used? A) Induction by I.V. scoline and N20 halothane for maintenance B) Induction by I.V. propofol, N20 and O2 for maintenance C) Induction by I.V. thiopentone and N20 and halothane for maintenance D) Inhalational N20, halothane and O2 for maintenance

B) Induction by I.V. propofol, N20 and O2 for maintenance

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are seen in acute HIV syndrome Except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pneumonia B) Lymphadenopathy C) Myelopathy D) Encephalitis ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Wide QRS duration is - A) > 0.8sec B) > 0.9 sec C) >0.12 Sec D) >0.05 Sec

C) >0.12 Sec

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Helicobacter pylori is not associated with ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gastrointestinal lymphoma B) Gastric cancer C) Gastric leiomyoma D) Peptic ulcer ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> What is the formula for parenteral iron therapy : ---- <<Choices:>> A) 4.4. X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl) B) 3.3. X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/ dl) C) 2.2 X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl) D) 1.1 X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl) ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Common peroneal nerve is related to which of the following structures? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Shaft of tibia B) Neck of fibula C) Lower tibio-fibular joint D) Shaft of fibula ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All the following are true regarding COPD EXCEPT ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increased residual volume B) Increased total lung capacity C) Decreased residual volume/total lung capacity ratio D) Decreased vital capacity ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Pruritis (Itching) is caused by deficiency of - ---- <<Choices:>> A) HMB synthase B) 5-ALA dehydratase C) Uroporphyrinogen - I synthase D) Uroporphyrinogen - III synthase ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which one of the following local anesthetics belongs to the ester group? A) Procaine B) Lignocaine C) Bupivacaine D) Mepivacaine

A) Procaine

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Aminoacyl t-RNA is not require for - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Proline B) Lysine C) Hydroxy lysine D) Methionine ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Physiological interruption of transmission is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Neuropraxia B) Neurotmesis C) Axonotmesis D) None of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Commonly used in narcoanalysis A) Atropine B) Scopolamine C) Opium D) Thiopentone

D) Thiopentone

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are true regarding bleaching powder, except ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Contains about 33% of available chlorine B) It is a stable compound C) White amorphous compound D) Strong bleaching agent ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Green frothy vaginal discharge is produced by - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Herpes simplex B) Candida albicans C) Trichomonas vaginalis D) Normal vaginal flora ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The following phase diagram (in which Liquid + Beta solid solution -----------→ Alpha solid solution) shows: A) Eutectic alloy B) Peritectic alloy C) Both D) None

B) Peritectic alloy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 46–year-old male, Jorawar Singh presented to the emergency with muscle weakness and cramping. He has been taking hydrochlorothiazide for recently diagnosed hypertension. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his symptoms? A) Hypocalcemia B) Hyponatremia C) Hypokalemia D) Hypoglycemia

C) Hypokalemia

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Nolla stage 6 means: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Crown completion B) 1/3rd root completed C) 2/3rd root completed D) Crown almost completed ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Heschl's gyrus in the brain contains ---- <<Choices:>> A) Parietal association cortex B) Wernicke's area C) Primary auditory cortex D) Medial frontal cortex ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Fraction of CPK is an enzyme that is elevated in a myocardial infarct is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) MM fraction B) MB fraction C) BB fraction D) Both MM and BB fraction ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 40-year-old air-conditioner technician is referred to a psychiatrist because of change in behavior and deterioration in functioning. When he feels the gust of cold air coming from the air conditioner, he interprets the cold air as poison gas from Mars. This phenomenon can be described as? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Delusional memory B) Delusional perception C) Tactile hallucination D) Primary delusion ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A pharmaceutical company conducts a randomized clinical trial in an attempt to show that their new anticoagulant drug, Aclotsaban, prevents more thrombotic events following total knee arthroplasty than the current standard of care. However, a significant number of patients are lost to follow-up or fail to complete treatment according to the study arm to which they were assigned. Despite this, the results for the patients who completed the course of Aclotsaban are encouraging. Which of the following techniques is most appropriate to use in order to attempt to prove the superiority of Aclotsaban?? {'A': 'Per-protocol analysis', 'B': 'Intention-to-treat analysis', 'C': 'As-treated analysis', 'D': 'Sub-group analysis', 'E': 'Non-inferiority analysis'},

B: Intention-to-treat analysis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Intracellular receptors are used by ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) ACTH B) TSH C) Glucocoicoids D) Insulin ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is most specific for arsenic poisoning ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Red velvety stomach mucosa B) Blue lining on gums C) Tremors D) Anemia ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not involved in MEN II syndrome ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pituitary tumor B) Medullary carcinoma of thyroid C) Pheochromocytoma D) Parathyroid adenoma ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 10-year-old child presents to your office with a chronic cough. His mother states that he has had a cough for the past two weeks that is non-productive along with low fevers of 100.5 F as measured by an oral thermometer. The mother denies any other medical history and states that he has been around one other friend who also has had this cough for many weeks. The patient's vitals are within normal limits with the exception of his temperature of 100.7 F. His chest radiograph demonstrated diffuse interstitial infiltrates. Which organism is most likely causing his pneumonia? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Streptococcus pneumoniae D) Streptococcus agalactiae ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Anterior scalloping of veabrae seen in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Obsteogenesis imperfecta B) Aoic aneurysm C) Metastasis D) Renal Cell Ca ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 42 year old male after being influenced by online weight losing program decides to do an intense workout at gym. But he noticed that even after 45 minutes of workout he didn't sweat. After that he went for steam bath and then also there was no perspiration. He noticed this from last few days and repoed to Medicine opd for the same . what could be the possible cause for this ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Somatic nervous system dysfunction B) Sudomotor failure C) Autonomic nervous system dysfunction D) None of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Norepinephrine action at the synaptic cleft is terminated by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Metabolism by COMT B) Metabolism by MAO C) Reuptake D) Metabolism by acetylcholinesterase ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is not component of acinus? A) Pulmonary lobule B) Respiratory bronchioles C) Alveolar ducts D) Alveolar sac

A) Pulmonary lobule

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Monro-Kellie doctrine is related to injury of A) Head B) Abdomen C) Chest D) Leg

A) Head

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which virus is implicated in Burkits lymphoma? ---- <<Choices:>> A) EBV B) HTLV C) HPV D) HHV8 ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Some of the E. coli bacteria that were originally isolated from a contaminated salad were tetracycline resistant while the others were susceptible. However, when tetracycline-resistant and -susceptible strains were grown together, all of them became tetracycline resistant. This efficient transfer of resistance depends on which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cell lysis and the release of DNA from donor bacteria B) Competent cells C) Conjugative plasmids D) Recombinase enzymes ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Transfusion-associated malaria has a shoer incubation period because of the presence in blood of: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Trophozoites B) Sporozoites C) Female gametocyte D) Merozoites ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following drugs inhibit an enzyme in the prostaglandin synthesis ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Aminocaproic acid B) Aspirin C) Aprotinin D) Alteplase ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 4-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician for severe developmental delay. On exam he is noted to have macroorchidism, hypertelorism, large protruding ears, a large jaw, and a long thin face. Suspicious of what the diagnosis may be, the pediatrician orders a PCR and DNA sequencing. The results reveal an expansion of 250 repeats of CGG. What is the diagnosis of the boy?? {'A': "Huntington's disease", 'B': 'Fragile X syndrome', 'C': 'Freidrich ataxia', 'D': 'Myotonic dystrophy type 1', 'E': 'Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy'},

B: Fragile X syndrome

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Abstract:>> ### PURPOSE The serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level correlates with the clinical prognosis in patients with kidney, penile and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PC). We prospectively evaluated the preoperative CRP level as a predictive marker for an advanced tumor stage or high-grade cancer in patients with clinically localized PC. ### METHODS The study evaluated 629 patients with clinically localized PC who underwent radical prostatectomy between 2010 and 2013. Exclusion criteria were signs of systemic infection, symptoms of an autoimmune disease or neoadjuvant androgen deprivation. ### RESULTS Poorly differentiated PC tends to be more common in patients with elevated CRP levels (15.5 vs. 9.5%, p = 0.08). Analogously, patients with a Gleason score ≥8 PC had significantly higher median CRP levels than those with a Gleason score ≤7 PC (1.9 vs. 1.2 mg/l, p = 0.03). However, neither uni- nor multivariate analysis showed an association between the preoperative CRP level and the presence of a locally advanced tumor stage, lymph node metastases or a positive surgical margin. CRP also failed to correlate with the initial PSA level and the clinical tumor-associated findings. Moreover, multivariate analysis relativized the association between an elevated CRP level and poor tumor differentiation. ---- <<Question:>> Do preoperative serum C-reactive protein levels predict the definitive pathological stage in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer? ---- <<Choices:>> A) yes B) no C) maybe ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Pupil that responds to convergence but light reflex is absent: A) Adies pupil B) Argyl Robeson pupil C) Hutchison pupil D) Wernicke's pupil

B) Argyl Robeson pupil

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The major blood supply to the testes comes through the: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypogastric aeries. B) Pudendal aeries. C) Internal spermatic aeries. D) External spermatic aeries. ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The following statements are true regarding the SA node except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Is located at the right border of the ascending aoa B) It contains specialized nodal cardiac muscle C) It is supplied by the aial branches of the right coronary aery D) It initiates cardiac conduction ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 40 year old male presented with severe epigastric pain radiating to back. O/E- HR is 110/min, RR- 22/min & BP- 100/70mmHg. His abdominal X-ray is shown below which depicts: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sentinel loop sign B) Colon cut-off sign C) Renal halo sign D) Obliteration of psoas shadow ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following tumors show increased -kit - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Yolk sac tumor B) Embryonal carcinoma C) Choriocarcinoma D) Seminoma ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Popcorn calcification is characteristically seen in – ---- <<Choices:>> A) TB B) Metastasis C) Pulmonary hamartoma D) Fungal invagination ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

WHICH of the following cell is most commonly associated with chronic allergic asthma ? A) TH17 B) TH1 C) TH 2 D) TH 4

C) TH 2

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Nerve supply of Trapezius ---- <<Choices:>> A) Spinal accessory nerve B) Hypoglossal nerve C) Trochlear nerve D) Trigeminal nerve ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The mental foramen which appears as a radiolucency and can be mistaken for a periapicat pathology lies close to the apex of which tooth: A) Mandibular 1st molar B) Maxillary 1st molar C) Mandibular 2nd premolar D) Mandibular canine

C) Mandibular 2nd premolar

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Elective cholecystectomy is which type of surgery? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Clean contaminated B) Clean C) Diy D) Contaminated ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All the following are true of DeQuervan's Thyroiditis except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pain B) Increased ESR C) Increased radioactive iodine uptake D) Fever ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

An obsessive compulsive neurosis patient is likely to develop: A) Hallucination B) Depression C) Delusion D) Schizophrenia

B) Depression

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Urothelium lines all Except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ureters B) Minor calyx C) Urinary bladder D) Membranous Urethra ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

PTEN gene mutation is seen in - A) Ovarian carcinoma B) Li - Fraumani syndrome C) Endometrial carcinoma D) MEN2A

C) Endometrial carcinoma

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following hormone is essential for breast milk ejection? A) Oxytocin B) Prolactin C) Galactogen D) GH

A) Oxytocin

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Tryptophan is glucogenic & ketogenic by producing - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acetyl Co A & alanine B) Acetoacetate & fumarate C) Acetoacetate & arginine D) Arginine & alanine ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

After digestion by restriction endonucleases DNA strands can be joined again by: A) DNA polymerase B) DNA ligase C) DNA topoisomerase D) DNA gyrase

B) DNA ligase

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Purpose of liners and bases is/are: A) Pulp protection from thermal and chemical agents B) Pulp protection from mechanical and electrical agents C) Pulp medication D) All of the above

D) All of the above

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

True about next generation sequencing A) Entire human genome can be sequenced within a single day B) More sensitive than sanger sequencing C) It Utilizes RNA sequencing to discover novel RNA variants D) All of the above

D) All of the above

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of fever, breathing difficulty, and cough during the past week. In the past year, the patient was diagnosed with four sinus infections, 3 upper respiratory tract infections, and an episode of severe bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization. Since birth, he has had multiple episodes of oral thrush treated with nystatin, as well as chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive. His temperature is 38.0°C (100.4°F), pulse is 130/min, respirations are 38/min, and blood pressure is 106/63 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry at room air shows an oxygen saturation of 88%. Pulmonary auscultation shows bilateral crackles and wheezing. Physical examination indicates a prominent nasal bridge, hypoplastic nasal wing, a shortened chin, and dysplastic ears. An X-ray of the chest shows hyperinflation of the lungs, interstitial infiltrates, and atelectasis. The patient tests positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in the nasopharyngeal aspirate. This patient most likely has a deficiency of which of the following?? {'A': 'B cells', 'B': 'B and T cells', 'C': 'Immunoglobulin A', 'D': 'Interleukin-12 receptor', 'E': 'T cells'},

E: T cells

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> drug used in the management of treatment resistant schizophrenia is ---- <<Choices:>> A) clozapine B) olanzapine C) flupenthixol D) haloperissol ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are the radiological sings of Urogenital TB EXCEPT ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) “Smudeged Papillae” and “Moth eaten Calyx” B) "Putty Kidney” C) “Saw tooth Ureter” D) ”Enlarged Bladder’ ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In what % of patients with hydatidiform mole height of uterus is more than expected for the period of amenorrrhea? A) 10% B) 30% C) 50% D) 70%

D) 70%

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is an example of small-vessel vasculitis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Takayasu arteritis B) Microscopicpolyangitis C) Giant cellarteritis D) Polyarteritis nodosa ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Punishment for a person seeking prenatal diagnostic facilities for purpose of sex selection is ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1 year imprisonment and fine Rs.10000 B) 3 - 5 years imprisonment and fine Rs.50000 - 1 lakh C) 1 year imprisonment and fine Rs.50000 - 1 lakh D) 3 year imprisonment and fine Rs.10000 ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A scientist observes a myocyte beating in cell culture. Which step is the most direct necessary component of relaxation for this cell? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Influx of sodium ions B) Influx of calcium ions from the sacroplasmic reticulum C) Influx of calcium ions from outside the myocyte D) Efflux of calcium ions ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

CAR-T cells are used in the treatment of which of the following cancers? A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia B) Soft tissue sarcoma C) Medulloblastoma D) Small cell lung carcinoma

A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 44-year-old man presents to the family medicine clinic for some small bumps on his left thigh. The lesions are non-pruritic and have been present for the last 3 weeks. He reports feeling fatigued and malaise for the past few months. The patient has no known medical problems and takes no medications. He smokes one pack of cigarettes per day and uses intravenous street drugs. His heart rate is 82/min, the respiratory rate is 14/min, the temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), and the blood pressure is 126/80 mm Hg. Auscultation of the heart is without murmurs. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally. Three 2-3 mm, dome-shaped, hardened papules are noted on the left thigh. Central umbilication can be observed in each papule. There is a non-tender cervical lymphadenopathy present. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bed bug bite B) Molluscum contagiosum C) Atopic dermatitis D) Acute urticaria ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Hyperpigmented lesions are ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pityriasisalba B) Melanoma C) Naevus anaemicus D) All ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Gold criteria for very severe airflow obstruction in COPD is A) FEV1/FVC<0.7 & FEV1>=80% predicted B) FEV1/FVC<0.7 & >=50% FEV1 but <80% predicted C) FEV1/FVC<0.7 & FEV1>=30% but <50% predicted D) FEV1/FVC<0.7 and FEV1<30% predicted

D) FEV1/FVC<0.7 and FEV1<30% predicted

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Glucose alanine cycle is impoant in: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Liver B) Hea C) Muscle D) Kidney ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The entry of bacteria through which space could lead to an infection in the mastoid air cells? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nasopharyngeal tube B) Cochlea C) External acoustic meatus D) Internal acoustic meatus ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Keloid scar is made up of - A) Dense collagen B) Loose fibrous tissue C) Granulamatous tissue D) Loose areolar tissue

A) Dense collagen

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most of the cases of Listeria are due to serovar A) 1 B) 4a C) 4b D) 6

C) 4b

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Buprenorphine is partial agonist of ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mu (u) receptor B) Delta (d) receptor C) Kappa (k) receptor D) Sigma (s) receptor ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Postural ohostatic tachycardia syndrome is characterized by all except? A) Women affected more commonly than men B) Hea rate > 120/minute C) Increase in hea rate > 30/minute when standing D) Usually presents with ohostatic hypotension

D) Usually presents with ohostatic hypotension

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Persistent priapism in childhood is due to A) Sickle cell anaemia B) Hairy cell leukaemia C) Paraphimosis D) Urethral stenosis

A) Sickle cell anaemia

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A patient was recently staed on Fluphenazine. A few weeks later, he developed tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and excessive salivation. The first line of management for this patient is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Selegiline B) Trihexyphenidyl C) Pramipexole D) Amantadine ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following are impoant in determining blood viscosity except? A) Hematocrit B) Plasma protein concentration C) Shear rate D) Systemic aerial blood pressure

D) Systemic aerial blood pressure

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 33 years old patient with history of asthma is being treated for symptoms of hypertension. Which of the following beta blocker would be an appropriate therapy for this patient: A) Isoprenaline B) Labetalol C) Metoprolol D) Propranolol

C) Metoprolol

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which among the following is a feature of denervation of smooth muscle? A) Atrophy of the muscle. B) Decrease in no of receptors for neurotransmitters C) Increased sensitivity to chemical mediators D) Decreased neurotransmitter release At NMJ

C) Increased sensitivity to chemical mediators

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Death in fresh water occurs within ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1-2 minutes B) 4-5 minutes C) 10 minutes D) 20 minutes ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is least absorbable in renal tubules? A) Creatinine B) Glucose C) Urea D) Sucrose

A) Creatinine

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 25-year-old male graduate student is brought to the emergency department for respiratory distress after he was found by his roommate coughing and severely short of breath. He was diagnosed with HIV infection 3 months ago but is not compliant with his antiretroviral therapy. He is from Chile and moved here 5 years ago. He appears unwell and is unable to speak in full sentences. His temperature is 38.2°C (100.7°F), pulse is 127/min, respirations are 32/min, and blood pressure is 95/65 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry shows an oxygen saturation of 86% on room air. No oral thrush is seen. The patient is placed on supplemental oxygen. Serum studies show: Lactate dehydrogenase 364 IU/L CD4 cell count 98/mm3 Beta-D-glucan elevated Arterial blood gas analysis shows: pH 7.50 PaCO2 22 mm Hg PaO2 60 mm Hg HCO3 20 mEq/L An x-ray of the chest is shown. Standard antibiotic therapy is begun immediately. The most appropriate next step in management is administration of which of the following?" ---- <<Choices:>> A) Prednisone B) Isoniazid C) Azithromycin D) Filgrastim ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Operation for undescended testis should be done at (at what age in years)? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 1 B) 1 to 2 C) 2 to 3 D) 5 ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Proof puncture is done through ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Superior meatus B) Middle meatus C) Inferior meatus D) Sphenoethmoidal recess ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

25 year old male sustained road traffic accident . he is found unresponsive, has a pulse but does not appear to be breathing. You are unable to give CPR, what do you do next A) Begin CPR B) Abdominal thrusts C) Hemlinch maneuver D) Repeat head tilt/chin lift maneuver and attempt the breath again

D) Repeat head tilt/chin lift maneuver and attempt the breath again

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A midline cleft lip is due to the failure of fusion between: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Maxillary processes B) Medial nasal processes C) Medial and lateral nasal process D) Medial nasal and maxillary process ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

School closure is recommended during an outbreak of swine flu. All of the following support this except: A) Closure of school will not lead to reduction in contact between children B) Children are the most common affected population by swine flu C) Increased rates of transmission due to more opportunities for contact D) Playing together of students increases transmission

A) Closure of school will not lead to reduction in contact between children

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Healing of a wound which simply restores the continuity of the diseased marginal gingiva is known as A) Regeneration B) new attachment C) Repair D) reattachment

C) Repair

medical-qa-combined-split2