CodCodingCode/medcialQA-reasoning-V2.1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringclasses 8 values	input stringlengths 6 2.69k	output stringlengths 1 34.2k	source stringclasses 3 values
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	"NALGONDA" technique of defluoridation was developed at: A) Chennai B) Nagpur C) Nalgonda D) Bangalore	B) Nagpur	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Craniopharyngioma arises from - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pituitary stalk B) Posterior pituitary C) Pineal gland D) Cerebellum ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Risk of the damage of fetus by maternal rubella is maximum if mother gets infected in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) 6-12 weeks of pregnancy B) 20-24 weeks of pregnancy C) 21-25 weeks of pregnancy D) 32-36 weeks of pregnancy ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	What is not true about polycythemia vera A) It is a cancerous conditoon B) Incraese in rbc count C) Blood viscosity increases D) Decrease in pcv	D) Decrease in pcv	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Secretory phase of endometrium is due to which hormone? A) Estrogen B) Progesterone C) Prolactin D) Pregnenediol	B) Progesterone	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A young man following A presented with proptosis and pain in right eye after four days. On examination there is bruise on forehead and right eye. What is the diagnosis - A) Cavernous sinus thrombosis B) Internal carotid aery aneurysm C) Carotico-cavernous fistula D) Fracture of sphenoid	C) Carotico-cavernous fistula	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> M/c causes of epistaxis in 3years old child: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nasal polyp B) Foreign body C) Upper respiratory catarrh D) Atrophic rhinitis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Killian’s dehiscence is a posterior projection seen between which of the followingmuscles? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Palatoglossus andpalatopharyngeus B) Superior and middleconstrictor C) Middle and inferiorconstrictor D) Thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A old lady comes to you with history of fall in washroom and pain in gluteal region, limb is in lateral rotation. you did a X-ray pelvis which is found normal, Pain persists even after 24 hours, next step is? A) Closed reduction under general anesthesia B) Rules out the possibility of a fracture, so send the patient home with analgesics for pain C) Bone scan within the next 72 hours D) MRI in 24 hours	D) MRI in 24 hours	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Amino acid deficient in both Wheat and Maize ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lysine B) Threonine C) Tryptophan D) Methionine ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In an ECG the cardiac event corresponding to the ST segment is: A) Atrial depolarisation B) Ventricular depolarisation C) Atrial repolarisation D) Ventricular repolarisation	D) Ventricular repolarisation	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is/are branch of facial nerve: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Chorda tympani B) Greater petrosal nerve C) Zygomatic nerve D) All ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Investigation of choice for diagnosis of congenital hyperophic pylori stenosis: A) USG B) Barium meal C) Barium meal follow through D) CT scan with contrast	A) USG	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The following statements regarding tissue plasminogen activator are true, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) It is produced by recombinant DNA technology. B) Induction of systemic lytic state is limited with its use. C) It is ineffective in lysing thrombi of myocardial infarction. D) It is a poor plasminogen activator in the absence of fibrin. ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Parathyroid gland develops from ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Branchial cyst B) Branchial cleft C) Branchial pouch D) Branchial arch ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Lafora's disease presents with? A) G.T.C.S B) Myoclonic epilepsy C) Petit mal epilepsy D) Paial seizures	B) Myoclonic epilepsy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are absolute contraindication of OCP except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pregnancy B) Thromboembolic disorder C) Hepatic failure D) Endometriosis ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Brain dead individulas have all of the following features EXCEPT A) Dolls eye movement is absent B) Occulovestibular absent C) Only pain is preserved D) Corneal reflex absent	C) Only pain is preserved	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Aery to bleed in duodenal ulcer haemorrhage - A) Splenic aery B) Gastroduodenal aery C) Left gastric aery D) Sup. mesenteric aery	B) Gastroduodenal aery	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	According to latest guidelines of vaccination, which of the following is applicable at the age of 5 years ? A) DT booster + Vitamin A B) DT C) DPT + OPV D) DPT +VitaminA	D) DPT +VitaminA	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following amino acids do not paicipate in the formation of an alpha helix? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Leucine B) Methionine C) Proline D) Lysine ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Arachnophobia is fear of? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Dogs B) Spiders C) Death D) Eating ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which one given below is a DNA virus? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Polio virus B) Adenovirus C) Parvovirus D) Hepatitis A virus ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which Ig crosses through placenta: September 2008 A) IgA B) IgE C) IgG D) IgM	C) IgG	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Endoscope tube is sterilized by: A) Glutaraldehyde B) Formalin C) Autoclaving D) Boiling	A) Glutaraldehyde	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The most important radiological sign of splenic rupture is - A) Obliteration of psoas shadow B) Obliteration of splenic shadow C) Indentation of the left side air bubble D) Fracture of one or more lower ribs on left side	B) Obliteration of splenic shadow	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Wolffian duct remnant in female is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pouch of Douglas B) Uterovesical pouch C) Ganer's cyst D) Broad ligament ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Wound that does not involve dermis is A) Abrasion B) contusion C) Laceration D) Incision	A) Abrasion	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Creatinine, NO & urea are synthesized from which amino acid? A) Arginine B) Citrulline C) Aspaate D) Glycine	A) Arginine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A well differentiated follicular carcinoma of thyroid can be best differentiated from a follicular adenoma by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Huhle cell change B) Lining of tall columnar and cuboidal cells C) Vascular invasion D) Nuclear features ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The finish type of congenital nephrotic syndrome occurs due to gene mutations affecting the following protein - A) Podocin B) Alpha-actinin C) Nephrin D) CD2 activated protein	C) Nephrin	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Increased calcium levels lead to A) Increased 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol B) Increased 24,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol C) Decreased calcitonin D) Increased parathormone	B) Increased 24,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> One of the following vitamins is involved in the post translational manifestation of Glutamate residue and has an impoant role in the coagulation pathway. Choose the vitamin from the below options? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Vit C B) Vit K C) Vit D D) Vit B12 ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 60-year-old man presents with symptoms of polyuria and nocturia. Investigations reveal a normal fasting glucose and calcium level. His urine electrolytes suggest a renal transport defect. Which of the following is the most likely cause for his symptoms? ---- <<Choices:>> A) acute nephritis B) acute renal failure (ARF) C) renal tubular defects D) nephrolithiasis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The production of mature spermatozoa from spermatogonia A) Takes 32 days B) Takes 70 days C) Takes 150 days D) Is unaffected by Kallmann's syndrome	B) Takes 70 days	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question:	Is dementia inherited? Can one develop dementia without inheriting it?	Scientists know genes are involved in Alzheimer's. Two categories of genes influence whether a person develops a disease: risk genes and deterministic genes. Alzheimer's genes have been found in both categories. 1. Risk genes increase the likelihood of developing a disease, but do not guarantee it will happen. Researchers have found several genes that increase the risk of Alzheimer's. apolipoprotein E-e4, or APOE-e4, is the first risk gene identified and remains the one with strongest impact. 2. Deterministic genes directly cause a disease, guaranteeing that anyone who inherits one will develop the disorder. Scientists have discovered variations that directly cause Alzheimer's disease in the genes coding three proteins: amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PS-1) and presenilin-2 (PS-2).	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which is non essential mineral ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sodium B) Manganese C) Iron D) Lead ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	If a 5-year-old child suddenly develops stridor, which one of the following would be the most likely diagnosis? A) Laryngomalacia B) Acute laryngo-tracheobronchitis C) Foreign body aspiration D) Acute epiglottitis	C) Foreign body aspiration	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Farmer's lung is caused by exposure to - A) Cryptostroma corticale B) Asperigullus C) Thermophilic actinomycetes D) Grain dust	C) Thermophilic actinomycetes	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common cause of HIV infection in infant is – A) Perinatal transmission B) Breast milk C) Transplacental D) Umbilical cord sepsis	A) Perinatal transmission	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Berloque dermatitis is due to contact with - A) Metals B) Cosmetics C) Food D) Plants	B) Cosmetics	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Physical examination of a two year old child reveals a large abdominal mass. CT studies show that the mass arises in the kidney. Which of the following is most likely a distinctive feature of this lesion? A) Abundant clear cells B) Embryonic glomerular structures C) Eosinophilic cells packed with mitochondria D) Hamaomatous blood vessels	B) Embryonic glomerular structures	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Fast breathing in a 2 year old child is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) >60 breath per minute B) >50 breaths per minute C) >40 breaths per minute D) >30 breaths per minute ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Nonselective a + 1 blocker is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Carvedilol B) Timolol C) Pindolol D) Acebutolol ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Ofatumumab is a monoclonal antibody against : A) CD19 B) CD79a C) CD20 D) CD25	C) CD20	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Most common cause of esophageal perforation at the site of cricopharynx - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Spontoneous B) Iatrogenic C) Traumatic D) None ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Acoustic neuroma commonly arises from A) Superior division of vestibular nerve B) Inferior division of vestibular nerve C) Cochlear nerve D) VIIth nerve	A) Superior division of vestibular nerve	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Half life of Technetium is ---- <<Choices:>> A) 6 hours B) 12 hours C) 24 hours D) 26 hours ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which structures passes though foramen of langer? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Inguinal canal B) Tail of spence C) CN V3 D) CN VII ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Black color in triage - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Death B) Transfer C) High priority D) Low priority ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> First to appear in Girl's pubey is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Thelarche B) Menses C) Adrenarche D) Height spu ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> When a diagnostic test is used in series mode then : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sensitivity increases but the specificity decreases B) Specificity increases but the sensitivity decreases C) Both sensitivity and specificity increase D) Both sensitivity and specificity decrease ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Inheritance pattern of ABO blood group system is - A) Pseudodominance B) Autosomal dominant C) Autosomal recessive D) Codominance	D) Codominance	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following drugs alter calcium hemostasis except- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Flouride B) Indomethacin C) Mithramycin D) Thiazides ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following testicular tumours are germ cell tumours EXCEPT: March 2013 (b) ---- <<Choices:>> A) Seminoma B) Teratoma C) Choriocarcinoma D) Seoli cell tumour ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Investigation of choice in traumatic paraplegia is: A) MRI B) CT scan C) Ultrasound D) Beta rays	A) MRI	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Property of elution is found in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Myxovirus B) Togavirus C) Parvovirus D) Adenovirus ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is advised for severe preeclampsia complicating cesarean delivery? A) Spinal anesthesia B) Epidural anesthesia C) Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia D) Local infiltration	B) Epidural anesthesia	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Methods of producing fusion of cells are A/E ---- <<Choices:>> A) Attaching inactive viral paicles on cell membrane B) Adding polyethylene glycol C) Applying a small electric current D) Reducing surface tension ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Tangier's disease is characterized by: A) Low or absence of HDL B) Low LDL concentration C) Raised chylomicrons D) Deficiency of LPL	A) Low or absence of HDL	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> When porcelain is baked against metal, it should possess a ---- <<Choices:>> A) high fusion expansion B) high fusion temperature C) linear coefficient of thermal expansion less than, but close to that of metal D) linear coefficient of thermal expansion greater than, but close to that of the metal ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The vital layer in a slow sand filter is? A) Sand bed B) Under drainage C) Zoological layer D) Supernatant	C) Zoological layer	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Hemolytic crisis in hereditary spherocytosis is precipitated by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Parvovirus B19 infection B) Infectious mononucleosis C) Human T-cell leukemia virus D) Cytomegalovirus ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A twenty year old female patient comes to the clinic with discoloration of the upper right central incisor. This tooth was intact and otherwise asymptomatic. Bleaching is indicated in which of the following clinical situations A) Dentin discolorations B) Teeth with discolored composites C) Tooth discoloration due to caries D) Teeth with superficial discolorations	A) Dentin discolorations	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Neovascular glaucoma may be associated with all of the following except: A) Diabetes B) Hypeension C) Central retinal vein occlusion D) Intraocular tumours	B) Hypeension	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Largest amounts of prostaglandins are seen in ---- <<Choices:>> A) Seminal fluid B) CSF C) Blood D) Urine ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	IDDM patient presents with septa perforation of nose with brownish black discharge probable diagnosis is - A) Rhinosporidiosis B) Aspergillus C) Leprosy D) Mucormyocis	D) Mucormyocis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following drug can inhibit steroidogenesis? A) Etomidate B) Thiopentone C) Propofol D) Ketamine	A) Etomidate	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medication-related question:	what the interaction between trimethoprim blood pressure medication	Hyperkalemia was first recognized during high-dose trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole therapy for P. jiroveci, but it is increasingly appreciated as a potential complication at doses usually prescribed. … Hyperkalemia tends to develop after several days of therapy,32,34 and the risk factors predictably include … treatment with other drugs that inhibit kaliuresis such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers36 and spironolactone.37 A recent population-based case–control study involving 439 677 patients taking ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers found a sevenfold increased risk of hospital admission for hyperkalemia among those taking trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole compared with those taking other antibiotics used for urinary tract infections.36 We suggest that physicians monitor patients for hyperkalemia following a few days of trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole treatment at a standard dose, especially patients with impaired renal function, which may include older patients, those with diabetes or AIDS, and those also taking ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers or spironolactone.	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Cyanosis is NOT present in: March 2013 ---- <<Choices:>> A) TGA B) PDA with pulmonary aerial hypeension C) COA D) Ebstein's anomaly ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought by parents with abdominal pain, joint aches, and a rash on his legs and feet. He does not have a history of frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, or other episodes of abnormal bleeding. What is the most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acute urticaria B) DIC C) Erythema nodosum D) Henoch-Schonlein purpura ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Safest antimalarial drug during pregnancy is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mefloquine B) Pyrimethamine C) Proguanil D) All ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common presentation of- glottis carcinoma A) Change in voice B) Dysphagia C) Pain D) Involvement of lymph nodes	A) Change in voice	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Crumpled paper appearance of cells is a feature of- A) Gaucher disease B) Asbestosis C) GVHD D) Wilsons disease	A) Gaucher disease	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Transovarian transmission is a feature of? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Scrub fever B) Epidemic typhus C) Endemic typhus D) Trench fever ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following cells are involved in the process of "efferocytosis"? A) Macrophages B) T lymphocytes C) B lymphocytes D) NK cells	A) Macrophages	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 65-year-old man presented with skin lesions six weeks after returning from a vacation in Belize at the beach and in the rain forest. What is the diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bot fly B) Cutaneous leishmaniasis C) Onchocerciasis D) Plague ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 48-year-old female complains of tingling sensation in her fingertips as well as the skin around her mouth which woke her up from sleep. She is in the postoperative floor as she just underwent a complete thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. Her temperature is 37° C (98.6° F), respirations are 15/min, pulse is 67/min, and blood pressure is 122/88 mm Hg. While recording the blood pressure, spasm of the muscles of the hand and forearm is seen. What is the next best step in the management of this patient?? {'A': 'No treatment is necessary, this is expected following surgery', 'B': 'Propylthiouracil', 'C': 'Magnesium replacement', 'D': 'Albumin infusion', 'E': 'Calcium replacement'},	E: Calcium replacement	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Variable which can be controlled or manipulated: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Independent B) Dependent C) Discrete D) Parameter ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Arterial supply of Submandibular gland A) Lingual artery. B) Facial artery. C) ECA D) Sublingual arteries.	B) Facial artery.	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The true statement regarding supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children? A) Admission to hospital is essential following reduction B) It is due to fall on the point of the elbow C) It require open reduction D) It is usually compound	A) Admission to hospital is essential following reduction	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Investigation of choice for evaluating a renal mass is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Plain X-ray B) CT scan C) IVP D) Renal scintigraphy ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Mollaret's meningitis refers to which of the following? A) Recurrent pyogenic meningitis B) Recurrent leptomeningitis due to collagen vascular disease C) Recurrent meningitis due to hematological malignancy D) Recurrent benign aseptic meningitis	D) Recurrent benign aseptic meningitis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is feature of reticulocyte? A) Constitute 10% of the red cells B) No nucleus C) Smaller in the size than RBCs D) Mature in lymph nodes	B) No nucleus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Case finding in RNTCP is based on - A) Sputum culture B) Sputum microscopy C) X -ray chest D) Mantoux test / PCR	B) Sputum microscopy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care physician because of a dry cough and shortness of breath for 2 months. He notes that recently he has had easy bruising of the skin without obvious trauma. He has a past history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Family history is non-contributory. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 35 years but quit 3 years ago. His temperature is 37.1°C (98.7°F), blood pressure is 170/80 mm Hg, and pulse is 85/min. On physical examination, the patient's face is round and plethoric and there are large supraclavicular fat pads. Breath sounds are diminished all over the chest without focal rales or wheezes. Chest X-ray is shown in the picture. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of this patient's condition? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Small cell lung cancer B) Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung C) Large cell carcinoma of the lung D) Wegener granulomatosis ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 48-year-old man complains of recurrent episodes of sudden-onset dizziness. He notices an abrupt onset of a "spinning" sensation when sitting up or lying down in bed. The symptoms last for 30 seconds and then resolve completely. He has no hearing change or other neurologic symptoms, and his physical examination is completely normal. A Dix-Hallpike maneuver reproduces his symptoms. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for his vertigo symptoms? A) basilar migraine B) brain stem ischemic events C) benign cerebellar tumors D) calcium debris (calcium carbonate crystals) in the semicircular canals	D) calcium debris (calcium carbonate crystals) in the semicircular canals	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Decreased vitamin 0 5. A 48 years old female suffering from severe menorrhagia (DUB) underwent hysterectomy. She wishes to take hormone replacement therapy. Physical examination and breast are normal but X - ray shows osteoporosis. The treatment of choice is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Progesterone B) Estrogen and progesterone C) Estrogen D) None ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Preservative used for toxicological specimen - A) 20% formalin B) Saturated sodium chloride C) 20% alcohol D) 10% alcohol	B) Saturated sodium chloride	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is a type B personality disorder? A) Anxious PD B) Narcissistic PD C) Dependent PD D) Anankastic PD	B) Narcissistic PD	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Electromechanical Systole is best defined as the interval between A) Q wave and S2 (Q-S2 Interval) B) Q wave and SI (Q-Sl Interval) C) Q wave and beginning of T wave D) Q wave and R wave	A) Q wave and S2 (Q-S2 Interval)	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> What is the health indicator obtained by dividing body height (in centimeters) by cube root of body weight (in kilograms) - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Quetelet's Index B) Broca Index C) Ponderal Index D) Corpulence Index ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 30 year old female is diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia associated with a previous viral infection. Which of the following viral products are implicated in producing this type of dysplasia? A) EBNA proteins B) E1A and E1B proteins C) E6 and E7 proteins D) Large tumor antigen	C) E6 and E7 proteins	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Risk factors for PPH are all except: A) Macrosomia B) Twin pregnancy C) Nuliparity D) Previous H/O PPH	C) Nuliparity	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Dubration of training of ASHA worker is? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 21 days B) 23 days C) 30 days D) 35 days ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most accurate treatment of erectile dysfunction - A) Sildenafil B) Master and Johnson technique C) Beta blockers D) Papaverine	A) Sildenafil	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In acute angle closure glaucoma, primary mechanism of pathogenesis is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increased secretion B) Increased absorption but increased secretion C) Outflow obstruction D) None ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In Leprosy most common renal lesion seen is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) MGN B) MPGN C) Focal glomeruloselerosis D) Diffuse glomerulosclerosis ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The most common cause of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Aspergillus fumigatus B) Aspergillus terreus C) Aspergillus flavus D) Aspergillus niger ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following are causes of Deep venous thrombosis, EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Diabetes Mellitus B) Prolonged surgery C) Oral contraceptives D) Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

"NALGONDA" technique of defluoridation was developed at: A) Chennai B) Nagpur C) Nalgonda D) Bangalore

B) Nagpur

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Craniopharyngioma arises from - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pituitary stalk B) Posterior pituitary C) Pineal gland D) Cerebellum ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Risk of the damage of fetus by maternal rubella is maximum if mother gets infected in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) 6-12 weeks of pregnancy B) 20-24 weeks of pregnancy C) 21-25 weeks of pregnancy D) 32-36 weeks of pregnancy ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

What is not true about polycythemia vera A) It is a cancerous conditoon B) Incraese in rbc count C) Blood viscosity increases D) Decrease in pcv

D) Decrease in pcv

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Secretory phase of endometrium is due to which hormone? A) Estrogen B) Progesterone C) Prolactin D) Pregnenediol

B) Progesterone

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A young man following A presented with proptosis and pain in right eye after four days. On examination there is bruise on forehead and right eye. What is the diagnosis - A) Cavernous sinus thrombosis B) Internal carotid aery aneurysm C) Carotico-cavernous fistula D) Fracture of sphenoid

C) Carotico-cavernous fistula

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> M/c causes of epistaxis in 3years old child: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nasal polyp B) Foreign body C) Upper respiratory catarrh D) Atrophic rhinitis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Killian’s dehiscence is a posterior projection seen between which of the followingmuscles? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Palatoglossus andpalatopharyngeus B) Superior and middleconstrictor C) Middle and inferiorconstrictor D) Thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A old lady comes to you with history of fall in washroom and pain in gluteal region, limb is in lateral rotation. you did a X-ray pelvis which is found normal, Pain persists even after 24 hours, next step is? A) Closed reduction under general anesthesia B) Rules out the possibility of a fracture, so send the patient home with analgesics for pain C) Bone scan within the next 72 hours D) MRI in 24 hours

D) MRI in 24 hours

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Amino acid deficient in both Wheat and Maize ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lysine B) Threonine C) Tryptophan D) Methionine ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In an ECG the cardiac event corresponding to the ST segment is: A) Atrial depolarisation B) Ventricular depolarisation C) Atrial repolarisation D) Ventricular repolarisation

D) Ventricular repolarisation

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is/are branch of facial nerve: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Chorda tympani B) Greater petrosal nerve C) Zygomatic nerve D) All ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Investigation of choice for diagnosis of congenital hyperophic pylori stenosis: A) USG B) Barium meal C) Barium meal follow through D) CT scan with contrast

A) USG

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The following statements regarding tissue plasminogen activator are true, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) It is produced by recombinant DNA technology. B) Induction of systemic lytic state is limited with its use. C) It is ineffective in lysing thrombi of myocardial infarction. D) It is a poor plasminogen activator in the absence of fibrin. ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Parathyroid gland develops from ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Branchial cyst B) Branchial cleft C) Branchial pouch D) Branchial arch ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Lafora's disease presents with? A) G.T.C.S B) Myoclonic epilepsy C) Petit mal epilepsy D) Paial seizures

B) Myoclonic epilepsy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are absolute contraindication of OCP except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pregnancy B) Thromboembolic disorder C) Hepatic failure D) Endometriosis ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Brain dead individulas have all of the following features EXCEPT A) Dolls eye movement is absent B) Occulovestibular absent C) Only pain is preserved D) Corneal reflex absent

C) Only pain is preserved

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Aery to bleed in duodenal ulcer haemorrhage - A) Splenic aery B) Gastroduodenal aery C) Left gastric aery D) Sup. mesenteric aery

B) Gastroduodenal aery

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

According to latest guidelines of vaccination, which of the following is applicable at the age of 5 years ? A) DT booster + Vitamin A B) DT C) DPT + OPV D) DPT +VitaminA

D) DPT +VitaminA

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following amino acids do not paicipate in the formation of an alpha helix? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Leucine B) Methionine C) Proline D) Lysine ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Arachnophobia is fear of? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Dogs B) Spiders C) Death D) Eating ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which one given below is a DNA virus? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Polio virus B) Adenovirus C) Parvovirus D) Hepatitis A virus ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which Ig crosses through placenta: September 2008 A) IgA B) IgE C) IgG D) IgM

C) IgG

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Endoscope tube is sterilized by: A) Glutaraldehyde B) Formalin C) Autoclaving D) Boiling

A) Glutaraldehyde

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The most important radiological sign of splenic rupture is - A) Obliteration of psoas shadow B) Obliteration of splenic shadow C) Indentation of the left side air bubble D) Fracture of one or more lower ribs on left side

B) Obliteration of splenic shadow

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Wolffian duct remnant in female is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pouch of Douglas B) Uterovesical pouch C) Ganer's cyst D) Broad ligament ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Wound that does not involve dermis is A) Abrasion B) contusion C) Laceration D) Incision

A) Abrasion

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Creatinine, NO & urea are synthesized from which amino acid? A) Arginine B) Citrulline C) Aspaate D) Glycine

A) Arginine

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A well differentiated follicular carcinoma of thyroid can be best differentiated from a follicular adenoma by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Huhle cell change B) Lining of tall columnar and cuboidal cells C) Vascular invasion D) Nuclear features ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The finish type of congenital nephrotic syndrome occurs due to gene mutations affecting the following protein - A) Podocin B) Alpha-actinin C) Nephrin D) CD2 activated protein

C) Nephrin

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Increased calcium levels lead to A) Increased 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol B) Increased 24,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol C) Decreased calcitonin D) Increased parathormone

B) Increased 24,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> One of the following vitamins is involved in the post translational manifestation of Glutamate residue and has an impoant role in the coagulation pathway. Choose the vitamin from the below options? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Vit C B) Vit K C) Vit D D) Vit B12 ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 60-year-old man presents with symptoms of polyuria and nocturia. Investigations reveal a normal fasting glucose and calcium level. His urine electrolytes suggest a renal transport defect. Which of the following is the most likely cause for his symptoms? ---- <<Choices:>> A) acute nephritis B) acute renal failure (ARF) C) renal tubular defects D) nephrolithiasis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The production of mature spermatozoa from spermatogonia A) Takes 32 days B) Takes 70 days C) Takes 150 days D) Is unaffected by Kallmann's syndrome

B) Takes 70 days

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question:

Is dementia inherited? Can one develop dementia without inheriting it?

Scientists know genes are involved in Alzheimer's. Two categories of genes influence whether a person develops a disease: risk genes and deterministic genes. Alzheimer's genes have been found in both categories. 1. Risk genes increase the likelihood of developing a disease, but do not guarantee it will happen. Researchers have found several genes that increase the risk of Alzheimer's. apolipoprotein E-e4, or APOE-e4, is the first risk gene identified and remains the one with strongest impact. 2. Deterministic genes directly cause a disease, guaranteeing that anyone who inherits one will develop the disorder. Scientists have discovered variations that directly cause Alzheimer's disease in the genes coding three proteins: amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PS-1) and presenilin-2 (PS-2).

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which is non essential mineral ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sodium B) Manganese C) Iron D) Lead ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

If a 5-year-old child suddenly develops stridor, which one of the following would be the most likely diagnosis? A) Laryngomalacia B) Acute laryngo-tracheobronchitis C) Foreign body aspiration D) Acute epiglottitis

C) Foreign body aspiration

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Farmer's lung is caused by exposure to - A) Cryptostroma corticale B) Asperigullus C) Thermophilic actinomycetes D) Grain dust

C) Thermophilic actinomycetes

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most common cause of HIV infection in infant is – A) Perinatal transmission B) Breast milk C) Transplacental D) Umbilical cord sepsis

A) Perinatal transmission

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Berloque dermatitis is due to contact with - A) Metals B) Cosmetics C) Food D) Plants

B) Cosmetics

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Physical examination of a two year old child reveals a large abdominal mass. CT studies show that the mass arises in the kidney. Which of the following is most likely a distinctive feature of this lesion? A) Abundant clear cells B) Embryonic glomerular structures C) Eosinophilic cells packed with mitochondria D) Hamaomatous blood vessels

B) Embryonic glomerular structures

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Fast breathing in a 2 year old child is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) >60 breath per minute B) >50 breaths per minute C) >40 breaths per minute D) >30 breaths per minute ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Nonselective a + 1 blocker is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Carvedilol B) Timolol C) Pindolol D) Acebutolol ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Ofatumumab is a monoclonal antibody against : A) CD19 B) CD79a C) CD20 D) CD25

C) CD20

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Most common cause of esophageal perforation at the site of cricopharynx - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Spontoneous B) Iatrogenic C) Traumatic D) None ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Acoustic neuroma commonly arises from A) Superior division of vestibular nerve B) Inferior division of vestibular nerve C) Cochlear nerve D) VIIth nerve

A) Superior division of vestibular nerve

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Half life of Technetium is ---- <<Choices:>> A) 6 hours B) 12 hours C) 24 hours D) 26 hours ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which structures passes though foramen of langer? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Inguinal canal B) Tail of spence C) CN V3 D) CN VII ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Black color in triage - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Death B) Transfer C) High priority D) Low priority ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> First to appear in Girl's pubey is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Thelarche B) Menses C) Adrenarche D) Height spu ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> When a diagnostic test is used in series mode then : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sensitivity increases but the specificity decreases B) Specificity increases but the sensitivity decreases C) Both sensitivity and specificity increase D) Both sensitivity and specificity decrease ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Inheritance pattern of ABO blood group system is - A) Pseudodominance B) Autosomal dominant C) Autosomal recessive D) Codominance

D) Codominance

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following drugs alter calcium hemostasis except- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Flouride B) Indomethacin C) Mithramycin D) Thiazides ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following testicular tumours are germ cell tumours EXCEPT: March 2013 (b) ---- <<Choices:>> A) Seminoma B) Teratoma C) Choriocarcinoma D) Seoli cell tumour ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Investigation of choice in traumatic paraplegia is: A) MRI B) CT scan C) Ultrasound D) Beta rays

A) MRI

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Property of elution is found in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Myxovirus B) Togavirus C) Parvovirus D) Adenovirus ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is advised for severe preeclampsia complicating cesarean delivery? A) Spinal anesthesia B) Epidural anesthesia C) Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia D) Local infiltration

B) Epidural anesthesia

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Methods of producing fusion of cells are A/E ---- <<Choices:>> A) Attaching inactive viral paicles on cell membrane B) Adding polyethylene glycol C) Applying a small electric current D) Reducing surface tension ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Tangier's disease is characterized by: A) Low or absence of HDL B) Low LDL concentration C) Raised chylomicrons D) Deficiency of LPL

A) Low or absence of HDL

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> When porcelain is baked against metal, it should possess a ---- <<Choices:>> A) high fusion expansion B) high fusion temperature C) linear coefficient of thermal expansion less than, but close to that of metal D) linear coefficient of thermal expansion greater than, but close to that of the metal ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

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The vital layer in a slow sand filter is? A) Sand bed B) Under drainage C) Zoological layer D) Supernatant

C) Zoological layer

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Hemolytic crisis in hereditary spherocytosis is precipitated by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Parvovirus B19 infection B) Infectious mononucleosis C) Human T-cell leukemia virus D) Cytomegalovirus ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A twenty year old female patient comes to the clinic with discoloration of the upper right central incisor. This tooth was intact and otherwise asymptomatic. Bleaching is indicated in which of the following clinical situations A) Dentin discolorations B) Teeth with discolored composites C) Tooth discoloration due to caries D) Teeth with superficial discolorations

A) Dentin discolorations

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Neovascular glaucoma may be associated with all of the following except: A) Diabetes B) Hypeension C) Central retinal vein occlusion D) Intraocular tumours

B) Hypeension

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Largest amounts of prostaglandins are seen in ---- <<Choices:>> A) Seminal fluid B) CSF C) Blood D) Urine ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

IDDM patient presents with septa perforation of nose with brownish black discharge probable diagnosis is - A) Rhinosporidiosis B) Aspergillus C) Leprosy D) Mucormyocis

D) Mucormyocis

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Which of the following drug can inhibit steroidogenesis? A) Etomidate B) Thiopentone C) Propofol D) Ketamine

A) Etomidate

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medication-related question:

what the interaction between trimethoprim blood pressure medication

Hyperkalemia was first recognized during high-dose trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole therapy for P. jiroveci, but it is increasingly appreciated as a potential complication at doses usually prescribed. … Hyperkalemia tends to develop after several days of therapy,32,34 and the risk factors predictably include … treatment with other drugs that inhibit kaliuresis such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers36 and spironolactone.37 A recent population-based case–control study involving 439 677 patients taking ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers found a sevenfold increased risk of hospital admission for hyperkalemia among those taking trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole compared with those taking other antibiotics used for urinary tract infections.36 We suggest that physicians monitor patients for hyperkalemia following a few days of trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole treatment at a standard dose, especially patients with impaired renal function, which may include older patients, those with diabetes or AIDS, and those also taking ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers or spironolactone.

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Cyanosis is NOT present in: March 2013 ---- <<Choices:>> A) TGA B) PDA with pulmonary aerial hypeension C) COA D) Ebstein's anomaly ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought by parents with abdominal pain, joint aches, and a rash on his legs and feet. He does not have a history of frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, or other episodes of abnormal bleeding. What is the most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acute urticaria B) DIC C) Erythema nodosum D) Henoch-Schonlein purpura ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Safest antimalarial drug during pregnancy is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mefloquine B) Pyrimethamine C) Proguanil D) All ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Most common presentation of- glottis carcinoma A) Change in voice B) Dysphagia C) Pain D) Involvement of lymph nodes

A) Change in voice

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Crumpled paper appearance of cells is a feature of- A) Gaucher disease B) Asbestosis C) GVHD D) Wilsons disease

A) Gaucher disease

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Transovarian transmission is a feature of? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Scrub fever B) Epidemic typhus C) Endemic typhus D) Trench fever ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following cells are involved in the process of "efferocytosis"? A) Macrophages B) T lymphocytes C) B lymphocytes D) NK cells

A) Macrophages

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 65-year-old man presented with skin lesions six weeks after returning from a vacation in Belize at the beach and in the rain forest. What is the diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bot fly B) Cutaneous leishmaniasis C) Onchocerciasis D) Plague ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 48-year-old female complains of tingling sensation in her fingertips as well as the skin around her mouth which woke her up from sleep. She is in the postoperative floor as she just underwent a complete thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. Her temperature is 37° C (98.6° F), respirations are 15/min, pulse is 67/min, and blood pressure is 122/88 mm Hg. While recording the blood pressure, spasm of the muscles of the hand and forearm is seen. What is the next best step in the management of this patient?? {'A': 'No treatment is necessary, this is expected following surgery', 'B': 'Propylthiouracil', 'C': 'Magnesium replacement', 'D': 'Albumin infusion', 'E': 'Calcium replacement'},

E: Calcium replacement

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Variable which can be controlled or manipulated: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Independent B) Dependent C) Discrete D) Parameter ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Arterial supply of Submandibular gland A) Lingual artery. B) Facial artery. C) ECA D) Sublingual arteries.

B) Facial artery.

medical-qa-combined-split2

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The true statement regarding supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children? A) Admission to hospital is essential following reduction B) It is due to fall on the point of the elbow C) It require open reduction D) It is usually compound

A) Admission to hospital is essential following reduction

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Investigation of choice for evaluating a renal mass is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Plain X-ray B) CT scan C) IVP D) Renal scintigraphy ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Mollaret's meningitis refers to which of the following? A) Recurrent pyogenic meningitis B) Recurrent leptomeningitis due to collagen vascular disease C) Recurrent meningitis due to hematological malignancy D) Recurrent benign aseptic meningitis

D) Recurrent benign aseptic meningitis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is feature of reticulocyte? A) Constitute 10% of the red cells B) No nucleus C) Smaller in the size than RBCs D) Mature in lymph nodes

B) No nucleus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Case finding in RNTCP is based on - A) Sputum culture B) Sputum microscopy C) X -ray chest D) Mantoux test / PCR

B) Sputum microscopy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care physician because of a dry cough and shortness of breath for 2 months. He notes that recently he has had easy bruising of the skin without obvious trauma. He has a past history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Family history is non-contributory. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 35 years but quit 3 years ago. His temperature is 37.1°C (98.7°F), blood pressure is 170/80 mm Hg, and pulse is 85/min. On physical examination, the patient's face is round and plethoric and there are large supraclavicular fat pads. Breath sounds are diminished all over the chest without focal rales or wheezes. Chest X-ray is shown in the picture. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of this patient's condition? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Small cell lung cancer B) Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung C) Large cell carcinoma of the lung D) Wegener granulomatosis ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 48-year-old man complains of recurrent episodes of sudden-onset dizziness. He notices an abrupt onset of a "spinning" sensation when sitting up or lying down in bed. The symptoms last for 30 seconds and then resolve completely. He has no hearing change or other neurologic symptoms, and his physical examination is completely normal. A Dix-Hallpike maneuver reproduces his symptoms. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for his vertigo symptoms? A) basilar migraine B) brain stem ischemic events C) benign cerebellar tumors D) calcium debris (calcium carbonate crystals) in the semicircular canals

D) calcium debris (calcium carbonate crystals) in the semicircular canals

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Decreased vitamin 0 5. A 48 years old female suffering from severe menorrhagia (DUB) underwent hysterectomy. She wishes to take hormone replacement therapy. Physical examination and breast are normal but X - ray shows osteoporosis. The treatment of choice is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Progesterone B) Estrogen and progesterone C) Estrogen D) None ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Preservative used for toxicological specimen - A) 20% formalin B) Saturated sodium chloride C) 20% alcohol D) 10% alcohol

B) Saturated sodium chloride

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is a type B personality disorder? A) Anxious PD B) Narcissistic PD C) Dependent PD D) Anankastic PD

B) Narcissistic PD

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Electromechanical Systole is best defined as the interval between A) Q wave and S2 (Q-S2 Interval) B) Q wave and SI (Q-Sl Interval) C) Q wave and beginning of T wave D) Q wave and R wave

A) Q wave and S2 (Q-S2 Interval)

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> What is the health indicator obtained by dividing body height (in centimeters) by cube root of body weight (in kilograms) - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Quetelet's Index B) Broca Index C) Ponderal Index D) Corpulence Index ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 30 year old female is diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia associated with a previous viral infection. Which of the following viral products are implicated in producing this type of dysplasia? A) EBNA proteins B) E1A and E1B proteins C) E6 and E7 proteins D) Large tumor antigen

C) E6 and E7 proteins

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Risk factors for PPH are all except: A) Macrosomia B) Twin pregnancy C) Nuliparity D) Previous H/O PPH

C) Nuliparity

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Dubration of training of ASHA worker is? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 21 days B) 23 days C) 30 days D) 35 days ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most accurate treatment of erectile dysfunction - A) Sildenafil B) Master and Johnson technique C) Beta blockers D) Papaverine

A) Sildenafil

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In acute angle closure glaucoma, primary mechanism of pathogenesis is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Increased secretion B) Increased absorption but increased secretion C) Outflow obstruction D) None ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In Leprosy most common renal lesion seen is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) MGN B) MPGN C) Focal glomeruloselerosis D) Diffuse glomerulosclerosis ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The most common cause of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Aspergillus fumigatus B) Aspergillus terreus C) Aspergillus flavus D) Aspergillus niger ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following are causes of Deep venous thrombosis, EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Diabetes Mellitus B) Prolonged surgery C) Oral contraceptives D) Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2