CodCodingCode/medcialQA-reasoning-V2.1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringclasses 8 values	input stringlengths 6 2.69k	output stringlengths 1 34.2k	source stringclasses 3 values
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In a 70 years old man who was working in asbestos factory for 10-15 years. On routine X-ray, a mass was seen in the right apical region of the lung. Biopsy was taken from the mass. Which of the following is seen on electron microscopic examination - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Numerous long, slender microvilli B) Melanosomes C) Desmosomes D) Neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasm ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In pancoast tumor, following is seen except? A) Homer's syndrome B) Rib erosion C) Haemoptysis D) Pain in shoulder and arm	C) Haemoptysis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Investigation of choice for high risk breast cancer in female is A) MRI B) CT- PET C) Mammography D) USG	A) MRI	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Chocolate or copper brown post moem staining is seen in all of the following causes of death, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nitrates B) Aniline dyes C) Clostridium perfringence D) Potassium chlorate ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Increased amount of powder in zinc phosphate cement mixture will cause: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Decreased strength B) Decreased film thickness C) Decreased solubility D) Increased setting time ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Otitic barotrauma results due to: A) Ascent in air B) Descent in air C) Linear acceleration D) Sudden acceleration	B) Descent in air	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> There is a mid-cycle shift in the basal body temperature (BBT) after ovulation in women. This is caused by: ---- <<Choices:>> A) FSH-peak B) LH-peak C) Estradiol D) Progesterone ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Nine days following splenectomy, a 13-year- old patient presents with fever and leukocytosis. The chest x-ray shows free air under the diaphragm. What is the most likely diagnosis? A) Left lower lobe pneumonia B) Postsplenectomy sepsis C) Gastric wall ulcer D) Left colon perforation	D) Left colon perforation	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following statements about adverse effects of tetracyclines are true, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) May lead to discolouration of teeth B) Are a common cause of superinfections C) May precipitate Liver damage D) Are not known to be teratogenic ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Rapid infusion of insulin causes- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hyperkalemia B) Hypokalemia C) Hypernatremia D) Hyponatremia ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The most common side effect of cancer chemotherapy is nausea with or without vomiting. The anticancer drugs vary in their ability to cause nausea and vomiting. Which of the following anti- cancer drugs is least likely to cause nausea and vomiting? A) Chlorambucil B) Cisplatin C) Doxorubicin D) Daunorubicin	A) Chlorambucil	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is an alpha-blocker without any effect on blood pressure A) Terazosin B) Tamsulosin C) Prazosin D) Doxazosin	B) Tamsulosin	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 28-year-old male with AIDS presents with moderate proteinuria and hypeension. Histologic sections of the kidney reveal the combination of normal-appearing glomeruli and occasional glomeruli that have deposits of hyaline material. No increased cellularity or necrosis is noted in the abnormal glomeruli. Additionally, there is cystic dilation of the renal tubules, some of which are filled with proteinaceous material. Electron microscopy reveals focal fusion of podocytes, and immunofluorescence examination finds granular IgM/C3 deposits. What is the best diagnosis for this renal abnormality? A) Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) B) Focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGN) C) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) D) Membranous glomerulopathy (MGN)	C) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Parakeratosis is defined as? A) Retained nuclei in stratum corneal cells B) Elongation of rete ridges C) Increased number of cells in stratum spinosum D) Increased thickness of corneal layer	A) Retained nuclei in stratum corneal cells	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common finger print type is ? A) Loops B) Whorls C) Composite D) Arches	A) Loops	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Polycystic kidney disease is associated with cysts in all cases except A) Lung B) Liver C) Pancreas D) Brian	D) Brian	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 28-year-old woman has noticed increasing lower limb swelling and shortness of breath. She has a 2-year history of facial rash, hair loss, arthralgias, and thrombocytopenia. On examination, her blood pressure is 150/90 mmHg, pulse 80/min, there is a maculopapular rash on her face, JVP is 4 cm, heart sounds normal, lungs clear, and there is pedal and periorbital edema. Her creatinine is very high, a urinalysis reveals many RBCs and RBC casts. A renal biopsy is performed.For the above patient with GN, select the most likely diagnosis on renal biopsy. ---- <<Choices:>> A) diffuse proliferative GN B) crescentic GN C) focal proliferative GN D) membranoproliferative GN ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The recommended level of fluorides in drinking water in this Country is accepted as A) 0.5 to 0.8 mg per litre B) 1 to 2 mg per litre C) 3 to 6 mg per litre D) 7 to 12 mg per litre	A) 0.5 to 0.8 mg per litre	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> IUGR is defined when : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bih weight is below the tenth percentile of the average of gestational age B) Bih weight is below the 20 percentile of the average of gestational age C) Bih weight is below the 30 percentile of the average of gestational age D) Weight of baby is less than 1000 gm ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which one of the following drugs cause an increase in gastro intestinal motility? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Atropine B) Glycopyrrolate C) Fentanyl D) Neostigmine ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 70-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after being found unconscious in her apartment by her neighbor. No medical history is currently available. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99.0°F), pulse is 120/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Laboratory studies show a glomerular filtration rate of 70 mL/min/1.73 m2 (N > 90) and an increased filtration fraction. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's findings? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nephrolithiasis B) Profuse diarrhea C) Salicylate poisoning D) Multiple myeloma ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The smallest anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet is called the ---- <<Choices:>> A) Interspinous diameter B) True conjugate C) Diagonal conjugate D) Obstetric conjugate ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following statements about hydralazine is not true A) It causes direct relaxation of blood vessels B) It causes detection of both aerial and venous C) Postural hypotension is not a common problem D) It increases plasma renin activity	B) It causes detection of both aerial and venous	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Panton-valentine leukocidin is produced by: A) Staphylococcus epidermidis B) Pseudomonas C) Vibrio cholerae D) Staphylococcus aureus	D) Staphylococcus aureus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Screening of disease is ...... level of prevention: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Primordial B) Primary C) Secondary D) Teiary ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 70-year-old man presents to a physician’s office with shortness of breath for 1 month. He is “easily winded” and is unable to keep up with his grandchildren when playing in the park. Over the last few weeks, he had to increase the number of pillows under his head to sleep comfortably. He denies a cough and fever. The medical history includes hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. His current medications are aspirin, carvedilol, and rosuvastatin. The vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 150/90 mm Hg, pulse 90/min, and respiratory rate 14/min. The physical examination reveals distended jugular veins, bilateral pitting edema of the lower limbs, and fine crackles at the base of the lungs. An echocardiogram reveals an ejection fraction of 40%. Inhibition of which of the following hormones would be most beneficial for this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Angiotensin II B) Prostaglandin E1 C) Aldosterone D) Epinephrine ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Protein is purified using ammonium sulfate by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Salting out B) Ion exchange chromatography C) Mass chromatography D) Molecular size exclusion ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are complications of hyperemesis gravidarum, EXCEPT? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mallory weiss tears B) Wernickes encephalopathy C) Renal Failure D) Hiatus hernia ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In normal puerperium, all true regarding involution of uterus except : A) At the end to the 6 weeks, becomes non pregnant state B) The number of muscle fibres is not decreased but there is substantial reduction of the myometrial cell size C) At the end of the 4Th week uterus becomes a pelvic organ D) Weight of uterus about 60 gram at end of six weeks	C) At the end of the 4Th week uterus becomes a pelvic organ	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is X-linked recessive disorder? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome B) Rett Syndrome C) Thalassemia D) Alkaptonuria ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	About CSF following statement (s) is/ are true: A) Specific gravity is 1.003 - 1.0008 B) Daily production is 550 ml/day C) Total volume of CSF is 150 ml D) All	D) All	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The layer responsible for strength of an intestinal anastomosis is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mucosa B) Submucosa C) Muscularis propria D) Serosa ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The defect in achalasia cardia is present in A) Myenteric plexus of Auerbach B) Meissner's plexus C) Kesselbach's plexus D) Mesenteric plexus	A) Myenteric plexus of Auerbach	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is an indication for use of Hormone Replacement Therapy in menopausal women:- A) Hot flushes B) Cardiovascular protection C) Pyelonephritis D) Post menopausal bleeding	A) Hot flushes	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Popliteal aery pulsations are difficult to feel because ---- <<Choices:>> A) It is not superficial B) It does not cross prominent bone C) It is not superficial and does not cross prominent bone D) Its pulsation are weak ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In malnourished children the following parameters are reliable indicators of dehydration except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Skin turgor B) Dry buccal mucosa C) Oliguria D) Thirst ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The earliest evidence of Rickets is seen by: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Radiological examination of growing end of bone B) S. alkaline phosphatase level C) S. calcium level D) S. phosphorus level ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The most common type of lung carcinoma in non- smokers A) Squamous cell carcinoma B) Adenocarcinoma C) Small cell carcinoma D) Large cell carcinoma	B) Adenocarcinoma	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following are features of glucocoicoid deficiency except: A) Fever B) Hyperkalemia C) Postural hypotension D) Weight loss	B) Hyperkalemia	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following are clinical manifestations of Epstein Barr virus (EBV), EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bell's palsy B) Infectious mononucleosis C) Slow virus disease D) Lymphoma ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A patient present for her first initial OB visit after performing a home pregnancy test and gives a last menstrual period of about 8 weeks ago. She says she is not entirely sure of her dates, however because she has a long history of irregular menses. Which of the following is the most accurate of way of dating the pregnancy A) Determination of uterine size on pelvic examination B) Quantitave serum HCG levels C) Crown rump length on abdominal or vaginal examination D) Determination of progesterone level along with serum HCG level	C) Crown rump length on abdominal or vaginal examination	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	IgA lymphoma invloves A) Large intestine B) Lymph nodes C) Small intestine D) Spleen	C) Small intestine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done, on histopathology, stage was T2. Next line of treatment A) Observation B) Extended cholecystectomy C) Po size excision D) Chemotherapy	B) Extended cholecystectomy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Post-translational modification of hydroxylases is mediated by A) Vitamin K B) Vitamin E C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin D	C) Vitamin C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Ivor Lewis operation is the treatment of choice for cancer involving _____ esophagus ---- <<Choices:>> A) Middle 1/3rd B) Lower 1/3rd C) Upper 1/3rd D) Entire Esophagus ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In a neonate, jaundice appears for the first time in the 2nd week. The following is not a cause – A) Galactosemia B) Rh Incompatibility C) Hypothyroidism D) Breast milk jaundice	B) Rh Incompatibility	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Epiglottitis in a 2-year-old child occurs most commonly due to infection with: A) Influenza virus B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Respiratory syncytial virus	C) Haemophilus influenzae	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Lines of zahn occur in which of the following ---- <<Choices:>> A) Postmoem clot B) Infract C) Embolus D) Coralline thrombus ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 44-year-old woman presents to the outpatient clinic for the evaluation of amenorrhea which she noted roughly 4 months ago. Her monthly cycles up to that point were normal. Initially, she thought that it was related to early menopause; however, she has also noticed that she has a small amount of milk coming from her breasts as well. She denies any nausea, vomiting, or weight gain but has noticed that she has lost sight in the lateral fields of vision to the left and right. Her vital signs are unremarkable. Physical examination confirms bitemporal hemianopsia. What test is likely to reveal her diagnosis?? {'A': 'Urine pregnancy test', 'B': 'MRI brain', 'C': 'Serum estrogen and progesterone levels', 'D': 'Mammogram', 'E': 'Serum TSH and free T4'},	B: MRI brain	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> What is/are not a feature(s) of the Encephalotrigeminal syndrome: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Rail track appearance on CT scan B) Hemiatrophy of the brain C) Convulsion D) Empty sella ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Shell teeth are more common in this variant of dentinogenesis imperfecta ---- <<Choices:>> A) Type I B) Type III C) Type II D) Type III and I ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Young women suffering from 2-1 & 3rd degree uterovaginal prolapse, choice of operation is : A) Purandare and Mnatre sling operation B) Virkud's sling operation C) Mangeshkar's Laparoscopic technique D) Neeta Way's Laparoscopic modification of shirodkar's operation	A) Purandare and Mnatre sling operation	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Retinitis Pigmentosa is associated with all except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Usher Syndrome B) Marfan's Syndrome C) Kearns- Sayre Syndrome D) Bassen - Kornzweig Syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Macrophage activation syndrome characterized by all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Activation of CD 8 + T cells B) Low levels of plasma ferretin C) Presence of cytokine storm D) It is the other name for hemophagocy ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following aminoglycoside antibiotic has the highest risk of causing Ototoxicity ---- <<Choices:>> A) Kanamycin B) Amikacin C) Neomycin D) Natamycin ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not a CSF finding in tubercular meningitis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Low sugar B) Lymphocytic pleocytosis C) High protein D) Opening pressure is low ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 65-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room by her family with complaints of confusion and change in behavior. Her family states that over the last 2 weeks, the patient has become increasingly irritable and confusion as well as aggressive toward strangers. In addition to her altered mental status, her family also endorses recent episodes of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Her medications include HCTZ, enalapril, loperamide, and a calcium supplement. There is no history of recent travel outside the United States. Her temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), pulse is 112/min, blood pressure is 100/70 mmHg, respirations are 18/min, and oxygen saturation is 93% on room air. Physical exam is notable for a thin, ill-appearing woman. Cardiac exam is significant for sinus tachycardia and bowel sounds are hyperactive. Purple discoloration with scale-crust is noted around her neck and upper chest, as well as on her hands and feet. A chest radiograph shows clear lung fields bilaterally, but an echocardiogram shows thickening of the right ventricular endocardium with mild tricuspid stenosis. Which of the following is the next best diagnostic step? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Stool culture B) Anti-nuclear antibody titer C) CT scan of the abdomen D) Serum 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Cornea gets its nourishment mainly from: September 2009 ---- <<Choices:>> A) Atmosphere B) Aqueous humour C) Vitreous humour D) Corneal vessels ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Embolectomy should be done within ---- <<Choices:>> A) 4 hours B) 6 hours C) 8 hours D) 10 hours ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which type of pelvis is associated with increased incidence of 'face to pubis' delivery? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gynecoid pelvis B) Anthropoid pelvis C) Android pelvis D) Platypelloid pelvis ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A young patient presents to the emergency depament with fever and right upper quadrant pain Clinical examination reveals obvious hepatomegaly but there is no jaundice. Ultrasound reveals a solitary, homogeneous, hypoechoic lesion in the right lobe measuring 5 cm 5 cm 4 cm. Test for hydatid disease were negative. Which of the following is the best recommendation for initial treatment - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Multiple Aspirations and antiamoebies/antibiotics B) Catheter drainage and antiamoebics/ antibiotics C) Antiamoebics/ antibiotics alone D) Hepatectomy followed by antiamobics/ antibiotics ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother 1 hour after falling off his bike and landing head-first on the pavement. His mother says that he did not lose consciousness but has been agitated and complaining about a headache since the event. He has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. His temperature is 37.1°C (98.7°F), pulse is 115/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 100/65 mm Hg. There is a large bruise on the anterior scalp. Examination, including neurologic examination, shows no other abnormalities. A noncontrast CT scan of the head shows a non-depressed linear skull fracture with a 2-mm separation. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Inpatient observation B) Discharge home C) MRI of the brain D) CT angiography " ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 34 weeks pregnant female presented with intense itching over vulvar area and a white, cheesy vaginal discharge. On examination, vulvar erythema is noted. Which among the following is the causative organism in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Epidermophyton B) Aspergillus C) Candida albicans D) Tinea ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which among the following is not TRUE regarding kerosene aspiration? A) Stomach wash is unhelpful B) X ray finding appear earlier than physical findings C) Fever may occur D) Steroids are the drug of choice	D) Steroids are the drug of choice	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Pautrier's micro-abscess is a histological feature of- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sarcoidosis B) Tuberculosis C) Mycosis fungoides D) Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	20 year old female present with features of anemia. Blood tests: Hb - 5g/dL, MCV -52fL, MCHC - 20g/dL, PCV - 32% Diagnosis A) Phenytoin toxicity B) Fish tape worm infection C) Hook warm infection D) Blind loop syndrome	C) Hook warm infection	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 22-year-old P2L2, presented with a profuse bleed after a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery. Physical examination revealed a boggy uterus, and a bedside sonogram indicates the presence of placental tissue. Most probable diagnosis is A) Succenturiate placenta B) Vasa pre C) Placenta pre D) Membranaceous placenta	A) Succenturiate placenta	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a population was found to be 10 per cent. What is the probability that three people selected at random from the population have the disease? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 0.003 B) 0.001 C) 0.03 D) 0.01 ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The maxillary sinus opens into middle meatus at the level of: A) Hiatus semilunaris B) Bulla ethmoidalis C) Infundibulum D) None of the above	A) Hiatus semilunaris	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The most common cause of pulsating exophthalmos is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Orbital varices B) Neurofibromatosis C) Cavernous haemangioma D) Caroticocavernous fistula ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The aganglionic segment is encountered in which part of the colon in case of Hirschsprung disease - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Distal to dilated segment B) In Whole colon C) Proximal to dilated segment D) In the dilated segment ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is true -a) HSP is associated with IgG depositionb) HUS causes thrombocytopeniac) Inulin clearance is best measure of GFRd) PSGN is associated with increased complement ---- <<Choices:>> A) a B) c C) bc D) ad ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Verotoxin producing E. coli 0157 :H7 serotype belong to? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) B) Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) C) Entero invasive E. coli (EIEC) D) Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following oncogenes is a growth factor? ---- <<Choices:>> A) fos B) myc C) jun D) sis ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is seen in hyperemia? A) Decreased arteriolar blood flow to the tissue B) Increased arteriolar blood flow to the tissue C) Increased venous blood flow in the tissue D) Decrease venous blood flow in the tissue	B) Increased arteriolar blood flow to the tissue	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	What is the treatment for Benign Positional vertigo - A) Vestibular exercises B) Vestibular sedatives C) Anthistamines D) Diuretics	A) Vestibular exercises	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Mallory hyaline changes seen in all except? A) Wilson's disease B) Indian childhood cirrhosis C) Primary biliary cirrhosis D) Hepatitis E	D) Hepatitis E	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Genes responsible for cleft lip and palate: ---- <<Choices:>> A) MSX-1 B) TGF-3 C) FGFR-1 D) All of the above. ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Serious complication of prolonged sitting posture A) Dysanythmia B) Hypotension C) Nerve paralysis D) Venous embolism	D) Venous embolism	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Not a risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma among the following is A) Hereditary B) diabetes mellitus C) Cigarette smoking D) Hypermetropia	D) Hypermetropia	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The rate adjusted to allow for the age distribution of the population is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Perinatal mortality rate B) Crude mortality rate C) Fertility rate D) Age standardized mortality rate ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Child with erythematous non-blanching bosselated lesion on right side of face, Treatment is A) Nd-YAG laser B) Erbium laser C) Q ruby laser D) Flash light pumped dye laser	D) Flash light pumped dye laser	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 65-year-old woman presents to her physician with a persistent and debilitating cough which began 3 weeks ago, and chest pain accompanied by shortness of breath for the past week. Past medical history is significant for breast carcinoma 10 years ago treated with mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation, a hospitalization a month ago for pneumonia that was treated with antibiotics, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Medications include chlorthalidone and metformin. She does not smoke but her husband has been smoking 3 packs a day for 30 years. Today her respiratory rate is 20/min and the blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Serum Na is 140 mmol/L, serum K is 3.8 mmol/L and serum Ca is 12.2 mg/dL. A chest X-ray (shown in image) is performed. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bacterial pneumonia B) Small cell carcinoma lung C) Squamous cell carcinoma lung D) Tuberculosis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A patient is suspected to have vestibular Shwanomma, the investigation of choice for its diagnosis is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Contrast enhanced CT scan B) Gadolinium enhanced MRI C) SPECT D) PET scan ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Ductus venosus connects - A) Pulmonary trunk and descending aorta B) Right atrium and left atrium C) Portal vein and IVC D) Pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta	C) Portal vein and IVC	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Causes of Carpal tunnel syndrome are all except? ---- <<Choices:>> A) DM B) RA C) Leprosy D) Gout ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Generally in majority of children, the sequence of eruption of permanent teeth in mandible is A) 1-6-2-3-5-4-7-8 B) 6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8 C) 6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8 D) 6-1-2-4-3-5-7-8	C) 6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Treatment of choice for Kawasaki disease - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ig immunoglobulin B) Steroid C) Azathioprine D) Not recalled ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Test for the tight iliotibial band is - A) Ober's test B) Osber's test C) Sirru-nand's test D) Charnley's test	A) Ober's test	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> 18 year female (visual below) with the hypopigmented patch in both ankle what is not used for treatment ---- <<Choices:>> A) Topical clobetasol B) Topical tretinoin C) Topical tacrolimus D) Topical methoxasalen ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Inveed fir tree appearance on gelatin stab is characteristic of ? A) Mycoplasma B) Bacillus anthracis C) Clostridium D) Bacteriodes	B) Bacillus anthracis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Bleeding spots seen on removal of scales in psoriasis is called as - A) Auspitz sign B) Punctate hemorrhage C) Nikolysk's sign D) barrier sign	A) Auspitz sign	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not seen in death due to starvation: March 2011 and March 2013 (d) ---- <<Choices:>> A) Translucent intestine walls B) Contracted and empty stomach C) Large bowel may contain faecolith D) Shrunken gall bladder ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following statement about plague are wrong except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Domestic rat is main reservoir B) Bubonic is the most common variety C) The causative bacillus can survive up to 10 years in the soil of rodent burrows D) Incubation period for pneumonic plaque is one to three dayseks ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> True statement about inheritence of an X linked recessive trait is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) 50% of boys of carrier mother are affected B) 50% of girls of diseased father are carrier C) Father transmits disease to the son D) Mother transmits the disease to the daughter ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A group of gastroenterologists is concerned about low colonoscopy screening rates. They decide to implement a free patient navigation program to assist local residents and encourage them to obtain colonoscopies in accordance with U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines. Local residents were recruited at community centers. Participants attended monthly meetings with patient navigators and were regularly reminded that their adherence to screening guidelines was being evaluated. Colonoscopy screening rates were assessed via chart review, which showed that 90% of participants adhered to screening guidelines. Data collected via chart review for local residents recruited at community centers who did not participate in the free patient navigation system found that 34% of that population adhered to USPSTF guidelines. Which of the following has most likely contributed to the observed disparity in colonoscopy screening rates?? {'A': 'Confirmation bias', 'B': 'Reporting bias', 'C': 'Hawthorne effect', 'D': 'Sampling bias', 'E': 'Recall bias\n"'},	C: Hawthorne effect	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	An ICU patient on atracurium infusion develops seizures after 2 days. The most probable cause is: A) Accumulation of landonosine B) Allergy to drug C) Due to prolong infusion D) All	A) Accumulation of landonosine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Following are the causes of sudden loss of vision except A) Angle closure glaucoma B) Endophthalmitis C) Central serous retinopathy D) Corneal ulceration	D) Corneal ulceration	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Chlamydia trachomatis true is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Is a yeast B) Is an intracellular organism C) Forms extracellular bodies which are diagnostic D) Is never demonstrable in conjuctival scrapping ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which structure is outlined with contrast on a CT using intraperitoneal contrast material? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ovary B) Prostate C) Rectum D) Seminal Vesicles ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In a 70 years old man who was working in asbestos factory for 10-15 years. On routine X-ray, a mass was seen in the right apical region of the lung. Biopsy was taken from the mass. Which of the following is seen on electron microscopic examination - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Numerous long, slender microvilli B) Melanosomes C) Desmosomes D) Neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasm ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In pancoast tumor, following is seen except? A) Homer's syndrome B) Rib erosion C) Haemoptysis D) Pain in shoulder and arm

C) Haemoptysis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Investigation of choice for high risk breast cancer in female is A) MRI B) CT- PET C) Mammography D) USG

A) MRI

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Chocolate or copper brown post moem staining is seen in all of the following causes of death, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nitrates B) Aniline dyes C) Clostridium perfringence D) Potassium chlorate ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Increased amount of powder in zinc phosphate cement mixture will cause: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Decreased strength B) Decreased film thickness C) Decreased solubility D) Increased setting time ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Otitic barotrauma results due to: A) Ascent in air B) Descent in air C) Linear acceleration D) Sudden acceleration

B) Descent in air

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> There is a mid-cycle shift in the basal body temperature (BBT) after ovulation in women. This is caused by: ---- <<Choices:>> A) FSH-peak B) LH-peak C) Estradiol D) Progesterone ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Nine days following splenectomy, a 13-year- old patient presents with fever and leukocytosis. The chest x-ray shows free air under the diaphragm. What is the most likely diagnosis? A) Left lower lobe pneumonia B) Postsplenectomy sepsis C) Gastric wall ulcer D) Left colon perforation

D) Left colon perforation

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following statements about adverse effects of tetracyclines are true, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) May lead to discolouration of teeth B) Are a common cause of superinfections C) May precipitate Liver damage D) Are not known to be teratogenic ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Rapid infusion of insulin causes- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hyperkalemia B) Hypokalemia C) Hypernatremia D) Hyponatremia ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The most common side effect of cancer chemotherapy is nausea with or without vomiting. The anticancer drugs vary in their ability to cause nausea and vomiting. Which of the following anti- cancer drugs is least likely to cause nausea and vomiting? A) Chlorambucil B) Cisplatin C) Doxorubicin D) Daunorubicin

A) Chlorambucil

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Which of the following is an alpha-blocker without any effect on blood pressure A) Terazosin B) Tamsulosin C) Prazosin D) Doxazosin

B) Tamsulosin

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 28-year-old male with AIDS presents with moderate proteinuria and hypeension. Histologic sections of the kidney reveal the combination of normal-appearing glomeruli and occasional glomeruli that have deposits of hyaline material. No increased cellularity or necrosis is noted in the abnormal glomeruli. Additionally, there is cystic dilation of the renal tubules, some of which are filled with proteinaceous material. Electron microscopy reveals focal fusion of podocytes, and immunofluorescence examination finds granular IgM/C3 deposits. What is the best diagnosis for this renal abnormality? A) Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) B) Focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGN) C) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) D) Membranous glomerulopathy (MGN)

C) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Parakeratosis is defined as? A) Retained nuclei in stratum corneal cells B) Elongation of rete ridges C) Increased number of cells in stratum spinosum D) Increased thickness of corneal layer

A) Retained nuclei in stratum corneal cells

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most common finger print type is ? A) Loops B) Whorls C) Composite D) Arches

A) Loops

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Polycystic kidney disease is associated with cysts in all cases except A) Lung B) Liver C) Pancreas D) Brian

D) Brian

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 28-year-old woman has noticed increasing lower limb swelling and shortness of breath. She has a 2-year history of facial rash, hair loss, arthralgias, and thrombocytopenia. On examination, her blood pressure is 150/90 mmHg, pulse 80/min, there is a maculopapular rash on her face, JVP is 4 cm, heart sounds normal, lungs clear, and there is pedal and periorbital edema. Her creatinine is very high, a urinalysis reveals many RBCs and RBC casts. A renal biopsy is performed.For the above patient with GN, select the most likely diagnosis on renal biopsy. ---- <<Choices:>> A) diffuse proliferative GN B) crescentic GN C) focal proliferative GN D) membranoproliferative GN ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The recommended level of fluorides in drinking water in this Country is accepted as A) 0.5 to 0.8 mg per litre B) 1 to 2 mg per litre C) 3 to 6 mg per litre D) 7 to 12 mg per litre

A) 0.5 to 0.8 mg per litre

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> IUGR is defined when : ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bih weight is below the tenth percentile of the average of gestational age B) Bih weight is below the 20 percentile of the average of gestational age C) Bih weight is below the 30 percentile of the average of gestational age D) Weight of baby is less than 1000 gm ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which one of the following drugs cause an increase in gastro intestinal motility? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Atropine B) Glycopyrrolate C) Fentanyl D) Neostigmine ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 70-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after being found unconscious in her apartment by her neighbor. No medical history is currently available. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99.0°F), pulse is 120/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Laboratory studies show a glomerular filtration rate of 70 mL/min/1.73 m2 (N > 90) and an increased filtration fraction. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's findings? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nephrolithiasis B) Profuse diarrhea C) Salicylate poisoning D) Multiple myeloma ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The smallest anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet is called the ---- <<Choices:>> A) Interspinous diameter B) True conjugate C) Diagonal conjugate D) Obstetric conjugate ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following statements about hydralazine is not true A) It causes direct relaxation of blood vessels B) It causes detection of both aerial and venous C) Postural hypotension is not a common problem D) It increases plasma renin activity

B) It causes detection of both aerial and venous

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Panton-valentine leukocidin is produced by: A) Staphylococcus epidermidis B) Pseudomonas C) Vibrio cholerae D) Staphylococcus aureus

D) Staphylococcus aureus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Screening of disease is ...... level of prevention: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Primordial B) Primary C) Secondary D) Teiary ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 70-year-old man presents to a physician’s office with shortness of breath for 1 month. He is “easily winded” and is unable to keep up with his grandchildren when playing in the park. Over the last few weeks, he had to increase the number of pillows under his head to sleep comfortably. He denies a cough and fever. The medical history includes hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. His current medications are aspirin, carvedilol, and rosuvastatin. The vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 150/90 mm Hg, pulse 90/min, and respiratory rate 14/min. The physical examination reveals distended jugular veins, bilateral pitting edema of the lower limbs, and fine crackles at the base of the lungs. An echocardiogram reveals an ejection fraction of 40%. Inhibition of which of the following hormones would be most beneficial for this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Angiotensin II B) Prostaglandin E1 C) Aldosterone D) Epinephrine ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Protein is purified using ammonium sulfate by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Salting out B) Ion exchange chromatography C) Mass chromatography D) Molecular size exclusion ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are complications of hyperemesis gravidarum, EXCEPT? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mallory weiss tears B) Wernickes encephalopathy C) Renal Failure D) Hiatus hernia ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In normal puerperium, all true regarding involution of uterus except : A) At the end to the 6 weeks, becomes non pregnant state B) The number of muscle fibres is not decreased but there is substantial reduction of the myometrial cell size C) At the end of the 4Th week uterus becomes a pelvic organ D) Weight of uterus about 60 gram at end of six weeks

C) At the end of the 4Th week uterus becomes a pelvic organ

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is X-linked recessive disorder? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome B) Rett Syndrome C) Thalassemia D) Alkaptonuria ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

About CSF following statement (s) is/ are true: A) Specific gravity is 1.003 - 1.0008 B) Daily production is 550 ml/day C) Total volume of CSF is 150 ml D) All

D) All

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The layer responsible for strength of an intestinal anastomosis is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mucosa B) Submucosa C) Muscularis propria D) Serosa ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The defect in achalasia cardia is present in A) Myenteric plexus of Auerbach B) Meissner's plexus C) Kesselbach's plexus D) Mesenteric plexus

A) Myenteric plexus of Auerbach

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is an indication for use of Hormone Replacement Therapy in menopausal women:- A) Hot flushes B) Cardiovascular protection C) Pyelonephritis D) Post menopausal bleeding

A) Hot flushes

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Popliteal aery pulsations are difficult to feel because ---- <<Choices:>> A) It is not superficial B) It does not cross prominent bone C) It is not superficial and does not cross prominent bone D) Its pulsation are weak ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In malnourished children the following parameters are reliable indicators of dehydration except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Skin turgor B) Dry buccal mucosa C) Oliguria D) Thirst ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The earliest evidence of Rickets is seen by: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Radiological examination of growing end of bone B) S. alkaline phosphatase level C) S. calcium level D) S. phosphorus level ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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The most common type of lung carcinoma in non- smokers A) Squamous cell carcinoma B) Adenocarcinoma C) Small cell carcinoma D) Large cell carcinoma

B) Adenocarcinoma

medical-qa-combined-split2

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All of the following are features of glucocoicoid deficiency except: A) Fever B) Hyperkalemia C) Postural hypotension D) Weight loss

B) Hyperkalemia

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following are clinical manifestations of Epstein Barr virus (EBV), EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bell's palsy B) Infectious mononucleosis C) Slow virus disease D) Lymphoma ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A patient present for her first initial OB visit after performing a home pregnancy test and gives a last menstrual period of about 8 weeks ago. She says she is not entirely sure of her dates, however because she has a long history of irregular menses. Which of the following is the most accurate of way of dating the pregnancy A) Determination of uterine size on pelvic examination B) Quantitave serum HCG levels C) Crown rump length on abdominal or vaginal examination D) Determination of progesterone level along with serum HCG level

C) Crown rump length on abdominal or vaginal examination

medical-qa-combined-split2

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IgA lymphoma invloves A) Large intestine B) Lymph nodes C) Small intestine D) Spleen

C) Small intestine

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done, on histopathology, stage was T2. Next line of treatment A) Observation B) Extended cholecystectomy C) Po size excision D) Chemotherapy

B) Extended cholecystectomy

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Post-translational modification of hydroxylases is mediated by A) Vitamin K B) Vitamin E C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin D

C) Vitamin C

medical-qa-combined-split2

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<<Question:>> Ivor Lewis operation is the treatment of choice for cancer involving _____ esophagus ---- <<Choices:>> A) Middle 1/3rd B) Lower 1/3rd C) Upper 1/3rd D) Entire Esophagus ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In a neonate, jaundice appears for the first time in the 2nd week. The following is not a cause – A) Galactosemia B) Rh Incompatibility C) Hypothyroidism D) Breast milk jaundice

B) Rh Incompatibility

medical-qa-combined-split2

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Epiglottitis in a 2-year-old child occurs most commonly due to infection with: A) Influenza virus B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Respiratory syncytial virus

C) Haemophilus influenzae

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Lines of zahn occur in which of the following ---- <<Choices:>> A) Postmoem clot B) Infract C) Embolus D) Coralline thrombus ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 44-year-old woman presents to the outpatient clinic for the evaluation of amenorrhea which she noted roughly 4 months ago. Her monthly cycles up to that point were normal. Initially, she thought that it was related to early menopause; however, she has also noticed that she has a small amount of milk coming from her breasts as well. She denies any nausea, vomiting, or weight gain but has noticed that she has lost sight in the lateral fields of vision to the left and right. Her vital signs are unremarkable. Physical examination confirms bitemporal hemianopsia. What test is likely to reveal her diagnosis?? {'A': 'Urine pregnancy test', 'B': 'MRI brain', 'C': 'Serum estrogen and progesterone levels', 'D': 'Mammogram', 'E': 'Serum TSH and free T4'},

B: MRI brain

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> What is/are not a feature(s) of the Encephalotrigeminal syndrome: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Rail track appearance on CT scan B) Hemiatrophy of the brain C) Convulsion D) Empty sella ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Shell teeth are more common in this variant of dentinogenesis imperfecta ---- <<Choices:>> A) Type I B) Type III C) Type II D) Type III and I ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Young women suffering from 2-1 & 3rd degree uterovaginal prolapse, choice of operation is : A) Purandare and Mnatre sling operation B) Virkud's sling operation C) Mangeshkar's Laparoscopic technique D) Neeta Way's Laparoscopic modification of shirodkar's operation

A) Purandare and Mnatre sling operation

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Retinitis Pigmentosa is associated with all except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Usher Syndrome B) Marfan's Syndrome C) Kearns- Sayre Syndrome D) Bassen - Kornzweig Syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Macrophage activation syndrome characterized by all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Activation of CD 8 + T cells B) Low levels of plasma ferretin C) Presence of cytokine storm D) It is the other name for hemophagocy ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following aminoglycoside antibiotic has the highest risk of causing Ototoxicity ---- <<Choices:>> A) Kanamycin B) Amikacin C) Neomycin D) Natamycin ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not a CSF finding in tubercular meningitis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Low sugar B) Lymphocytic pleocytosis C) High protein D) Opening pressure is low ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 65-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room by her family with complaints of confusion and change in behavior. Her family states that over the last 2 weeks, the patient has become increasingly irritable and confusion as well as aggressive toward strangers. In addition to her altered mental status, her family also endorses recent episodes of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Her medications include HCTZ, enalapril, loperamide, and a calcium supplement. There is no history of recent travel outside the United States. Her temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), pulse is 112/min, blood pressure is 100/70 mmHg, respirations are 18/min, and oxygen saturation is 93% on room air. Physical exam is notable for a thin, ill-appearing woman. Cardiac exam is significant for sinus tachycardia and bowel sounds are hyperactive. Purple discoloration with scale-crust is noted around her neck and upper chest, as well as on her hands and feet. A chest radiograph shows clear lung fields bilaterally, but an echocardiogram shows thickening of the right ventricular endocardium with mild tricuspid stenosis. Which of the following is the next best diagnostic step? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Stool culture B) Anti-nuclear antibody titer C) CT scan of the abdomen D) Serum 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels ---- <<Answer:>>

D

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Cornea gets its nourishment mainly from: September 2009 ---- <<Choices:>> A) Atmosphere B) Aqueous humour C) Vitreous humour D) Corneal vessels ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Embolectomy should be done within ---- <<Choices:>> A) 4 hours B) 6 hours C) 8 hours D) 10 hours ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which type of pelvis is associated with increased incidence of 'face to pubis' delivery? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gynecoid pelvis B) Anthropoid pelvis C) Android pelvis D) Platypelloid pelvis ---- <<Answer:>>

B

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A young patient presents to the emergency depament with fever and right upper quadrant pain Clinical examination reveals obvious hepatomegaly but there is no jaundice. Ultrasound reveals a solitary, homogeneous, hypoechoic lesion in the right lobe measuring 5 cm 5 cm 4 cm. Test for hydatid disease were negative. Which of the following is the best recommendation for initial treatment - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Multiple Aspirations and antiamoebies/antibiotics B) Catheter drainage and antiamoebics/ antibiotics C) Antiamoebics/ antibiotics alone D) Hepatectomy followed by antiamobics/ antibiotics ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother 1 hour after falling off his bike and landing head-first on the pavement. His mother says that he did not lose consciousness but has been agitated and complaining about a headache since the event. He has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. His temperature is 37.1°C (98.7°F), pulse is 115/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 100/65 mm Hg. There is a large bruise on the anterior scalp. Examination, including neurologic examination, shows no other abnormalities. A noncontrast CT scan of the head shows a non-depressed linear skull fracture with a 2-mm separation. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Inpatient observation B) Discharge home C) MRI of the brain D) CT angiography " ---- <<Answer:>>

A

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Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 34 weeks pregnant female presented with intense itching over vulvar area and a white, cheesy vaginal discharge. On examination, vulvar erythema is noted. Which among the following is the causative organism in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Epidermophyton B) Aspergillus C) Candida albicans D) Tinea ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which among the following is not TRUE regarding kerosene aspiration? A) Stomach wash is unhelpful B) X ray finding appear earlier than physical findings C) Fever may occur D) Steroids are the drug of choice

D) Steroids are the drug of choice

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Pautrier's micro-abscess is a histological feature of- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sarcoidosis B) Tuberculosis C) Mycosis fungoides D) Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica ---- <<Answer:>>

C

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Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

20 year old female present with features of anemia. Blood tests: Hb - 5g/dL, MCV -52fL, MCHC - 20g/dL, PCV - 32% Diagnosis A) Phenytoin toxicity B) Fish tape worm infection C) Hook warm infection D) Blind loop syndrome

C) Hook warm infection

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 22-year-old P2L2, presented with a profuse bleed after a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery. Physical examination revealed a boggy uterus, and a bedside sonogram indicates the presence of placental tissue. Most probable diagnosis is A) Succenturiate placenta B) Vasa pre C) Placenta pre D) Membranaceous placenta

A) Succenturiate placenta

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a population was found to be 10 per cent. What is the probability that three people selected at random from the population have the disease? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 0.003 B) 0.001 C) 0.03 D) 0.01 ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The maxillary sinus opens into middle meatus at the level of: A) Hiatus semilunaris B) Bulla ethmoidalis C) Infundibulum D) None of the above

A) Hiatus semilunaris

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The most common cause of pulsating exophthalmos is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Orbital varices B) Neurofibromatosis C) Cavernous haemangioma D) Caroticocavernous fistula ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The aganglionic segment is encountered in which part of the colon in case of Hirschsprung disease - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Distal to dilated segment B) In Whole colon C) Proximal to dilated segment D) In the dilated segment ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is true -a) HSP is associated with IgG depositionb) HUS causes thrombocytopeniac) Inulin clearance is best measure of GFRd) PSGN is associated with increased complement ---- <<Choices:>> A) a B) c C) bc D) ad ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Verotoxin producing E. coli 0157 :H7 serotype belong to? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) B) Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) C) Entero invasive E. coli (EIEC) D) Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following oncogenes is a growth factor? ---- <<Choices:>> A) fos B) myc C) jun D) sis ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is seen in hyperemia? A) Decreased arteriolar blood flow to the tissue B) Increased arteriolar blood flow to the tissue C) Increased venous blood flow in the tissue D) Decrease venous blood flow in the tissue

B) Increased arteriolar blood flow to the tissue

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

What is the treatment for Benign Positional vertigo - A) Vestibular exercises B) Vestibular sedatives C) Anthistamines D) Diuretics

A) Vestibular exercises

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Mallory hyaline changes seen in all except? A) Wilson's disease B) Indian childhood cirrhosis C) Primary biliary cirrhosis D) Hepatitis E

D) Hepatitis E

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Genes responsible for cleft lip and palate: ---- <<Choices:>> A) MSX-1 B) TGF-3 C) FGFR-1 D) All of the above. ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Serious complication of prolonged sitting posture A) Dysanythmia B) Hypotension C) Nerve paralysis D) Venous embolism

D) Venous embolism

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Not a risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma among the following is A) Hereditary B) diabetes mellitus C) Cigarette smoking D) Hypermetropia

D) Hypermetropia

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The rate adjusted to allow for the age distribution of the population is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Perinatal mortality rate B) Crude mortality rate C) Fertility rate D) Age standardized mortality rate ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Child with erythematous non-blanching bosselated lesion on right side of face, Treatment is A) Nd-YAG laser B) Erbium laser C) Q ruby laser D) Flash light pumped dye laser

D) Flash light pumped dye laser

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 65-year-old woman presents to her physician with a persistent and debilitating cough which began 3 weeks ago, and chest pain accompanied by shortness of breath for the past week. Past medical history is significant for breast carcinoma 10 years ago treated with mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation, a hospitalization a month ago for pneumonia that was treated with antibiotics, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Medications include chlorthalidone and metformin. She does not smoke but her husband has been smoking 3 packs a day for 30 years. Today her respiratory rate is 20/min and the blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Serum Na is 140 mmol/L, serum K is 3.8 mmol/L and serum Ca is 12.2 mg/dL. A chest X-ray (shown in image) is performed. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bacterial pneumonia B) Small cell carcinoma lung C) Squamous cell carcinoma lung D) Tuberculosis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A patient is suspected to have vestibular Shwanomma, the investigation of choice for its diagnosis is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Contrast enhanced CT scan B) Gadolinium enhanced MRI C) SPECT D) PET scan ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Ductus venosus connects - A) Pulmonary trunk and descending aorta B) Right atrium and left atrium C) Portal vein and IVC D) Pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta

C) Portal vein and IVC

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Causes of Carpal tunnel syndrome are all except? ---- <<Choices:>> A) DM B) RA C) Leprosy D) Gout ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Generally in majority of children, the sequence of eruption of permanent teeth in mandible is A) 1-6-2-3-5-4-7-8 B) 6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8 C) 6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8 D) 6-1-2-4-3-5-7-8

C) 6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Treatment of choice for Kawasaki disease - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ig immunoglobulin B) Steroid C) Azathioprine D) Not recalled ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Test for the tight iliotibial band is - A) Ober's test B) Osber's test C) Sirru-nand's test D) Charnley's test

A) Ober's test

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> 18 year female (visual below) with the hypopigmented patch in both ankle what is not used for treatment ---- <<Choices:>> A) Topical clobetasol B) Topical tretinoin C) Topical tacrolimus D) Topical methoxasalen ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Inveed fir tree appearance on gelatin stab is characteristic of ? A) Mycoplasma B) Bacillus anthracis C) Clostridium D) Bacteriodes

B) Bacillus anthracis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Bleeding spots seen on removal of scales in psoriasis is called as - A) Auspitz sign B) Punctate hemorrhage C) Nikolysk's sign D) barrier sign

A) Auspitz sign

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not seen in death due to starvation: March 2011 and March 2013 (d) ---- <<Choices:>> A) Translucent intestine walls B) Contracted and empty stomach C) Large bowel may contain faecolith D) Shrunken gall bladder ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following statement about plague are wrong except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Domestic rat is main reservoir B) Bubonic is the most common variety C) The causative bacillus can survive up to 10 years in the soil of rodent burrows D) Incubation period for pneumonic plaque is one to three dayseks ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> True statement about inheritence of an X linked recessive trait is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) 50% of boys of carrier mother are affected B) 50% of girls of diseased father are carrier C) Father transmits disease to the son D) Mother transmits the disease to the daughter ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A group of gastroenterologists is concerned about low colonoscopy screening rates. They decide to implement a free patient navigation program to assist local residents and encourage them to obtain colonoscopies in accordance with U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines. Local residents were recruited at community centers. Participants attended monthly meetings with patient navigators and were regularly reminded that their adherence to screening guidelines was being evaluated. Colonoscopy screening rates were assessed via chart review, which showed that 90% of participants adhered to screening guidelines. Data collected via chart review for local residents recruited at community centers who did not participate in the free patient navigation system found that 34% of that population adhered to USPSTF guidelines. Which of the following has most likely contributed to the observed disparity in colonoscopy screening rates?? {'A': 'Confirmation bias', 'B': 'Reporting bias', 'C': 'Hawthorne effect', 'D': 'Sampling bias', 'E': 'Recall bias\n"'},

C: Hawthorne effect

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

An ICU patient on atracurium infusion develops seizures after 2 days. The most probable cause is: A) Accumulation of landonosine B) Allergy to drug C) Due to prolong infusion D) All

A) Accumulation of landonosine

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Following are the causes of sudden loss of vision except A) Angle closure glaucoma B) Endophthalmitis C) Central serous retinopathy D) Corneal ulceration

D) Corneal ulceration

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Chlamydia trachomatis true is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Is a yeast B) Is an intracellular organism C) Forms extracellular bodies which are diagnostic D) Is never demonstrable in conjuctival scrapping ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which structure is outlined with contrast on a CT using intraperitoneal contrast material? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ovary B) Prostate C) Rectum D) Seminal Vesicles ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2