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541,165,882,556 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}}
The electronic properties of low-dimensional materials depend strongly
on the size and geometry of the system
\cite{Ogawa_optics_low_dimensions, Nakada_edges_early}. For instance,
the bandstructure of a monolayer and a stripe of graphene are
significantly different. A stripe of g... |
541,165,882,557 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Higher-derivative theories have been investigated in various contexts
of physics: higher-derivative terms naturally occur as quantum corrections
to lower-derivative theories;
nonlocal theories, for example string theories, are considered to be
equivalent to higher-derivative theories;
gravity th... |
541,165,882,558 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction: Motivations for a 2-Level System}
The identity type is probably the single concept of intensional Martin-L\"of type theory ($\textsf{MLTT}$) which has created most questions, stimulated most research, caused most confusion, and enabled the largest number of different views.
Written $\idtype[A] ... |
541,165,882,559 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
As more and more astrophysical events are observed by gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO,\footnote{The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory.} Virgo, and KAGRA,\footnote{The Kamioka Gravitational Wave Detector.} accurate models of gravitational waves ... |
541,165,882,560 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well know that there could be some theoretical relations between
quark and lepton masses, however apparently Nature indicates that
the lepton mixing angle should be completely uncorrelated to the quark mixing
angles.
Recent neutrinos experimental data show that in first approximation,
the l... |
541,165,882,561 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The pair-correlation density $g(r)$ is one of the key concepts in
describing the correlation effects, arising from
Pauli exclusion principle and Coulomb interaction, in
the homogeneous electron liquid (or gas).\cite{ichimaru}
It also plays a significant role
in the constructions of the exchange-... |
541,165,882,562 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}\vspace{-1ex}
We introduce an original way to estimate the memory parameter of the elephant random walk,
a fascinating discrete time random walk on integers
having a complete memory of its entire history. Our estimator is nothing more than a quasi-maximum likelihood estimator, based on a second orde... |
541,165,882,563 | arxiv | \section{THE DEMAND FOR DYNAMIC CONTENT}
Within a decade of its inception, the Web evolved from a static hypertext
presentation medium into a standard user interface technology for a growing
class of interactive information systems. The initial Web implementation,
defined by its static nature and a purposefully low... |
541,165,882,564 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The essence of economic growth and growth in general was captured by T.R. Malthus\cite{Malthus1798} and P.F. Verhulst\cite{Verhulst1838} as early as the 1800's: multiplication and competition.
Malthus was the first to write (1798) a differential equation describing the dynamics of a... |
541,165,882,565 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Very old and interesting question is the following: Is there a purely geometric reasoning of the fact that in the planes of a "three-dimensional projective space" the Pappus's theorem must be true? The classical investigations contains the following clear algebraic reasoning: A Desarguesian pr... |
541,165,882,566 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The world population is anticipated to reach $9.7$ billion by $2050$ and could reach $11$ billion by the end of this century \cite{un}. Given these projections, it is anticipated that worldwide food consumption will increase at a rapid pace. The needed increase in food product... |
541,165,882,567 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{chap1}
\setcounter{page}{1}
\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}
Let $R$ be a Riemann surface.
The \tei space $T(R)$ is a space which describes all quasiconformal deformations of $R$.
It is well known that $T(R)$ becomes either a finite dimensional complex manifold or a
non-separ... |
541,165,882,568 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of exotic structures on manifolds is a topic of fundamental interest in differential topology. The first such example comes up in the celebrated paper of Milnor \cite{Mil56}, in examples of manifolds that are homeomorphic to $S^7$ but not diffeomorphic. This inspires the definition of t... |
541,165,882,569 | arxiv |
\subsection{Verification and Parameter Tuning with HOO-MB}
\label{sec:smc-mfhoo}
\paragraph{Verification}
In order to use HOO-MB for verification, a natural choice for the objective function would be to define $f(x):= \phit{k}{\mathcal{U}}{x}$ for any initial state $x \in \Theta$. Evaluating this function $\phit{k}{\... |
541,165,882,570 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Numerous constraint satisfaction problems are believed to have a
``phase transition'' in the random case when the ratio $r$ of clauses
to variables crosses a critical threshold $r^*$: that is random formulas are w.h.p.\ satisfiable if $r < r^*$, and w.h.p.\ unsatisfiable if $r > r^*$, in the lim... |
541,165,882,571 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The universal quantum invariant \cite{Law89, Law90,O} associated to a ribbon Hopf algebra is an invariant of framed tangles in a cube which has the universal property over Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants \cite{RT90}. The relationship between the universal quantum invariant and $3$-dimensional, g... |
541,165,882,572 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Human face recognition is a challenging problem in computer vision with several biometrics applications. This problem essentially faces difficulties due to variations in facial appearance caused by factors such as illumination, expression, and partial occlusion from accessories including glasses,... |
541,165,882,573 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The chemical composition of the Sun is used as a reference frame throughout astronomy and therefore the precise determination
of the solar abundances is of particular interest.
Beside indirect methods utilizing solar wind particles and meteorites, the measurement of photospheric lines
is used ... |
541,165,882,574 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we revisit an old key technique from what currently are the theoretically fastest parameterized algorithms for treewidth and pathwidth, namely the use of {\em typical sequences}, and give additional
structural insights for this technique. In particular, we show a structural lemma, ... |
541,165,882,575 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Superconducting qubits have emerged as a leading technology for quantum computing due to their scalability and high gate fidelities, which exceed the threshold for fault tolerance \cite{Barends2014SuperconductingTolerance}.
However, further extending the coherence times of these qubits remains a... |
541,165,882,576 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Circle packing is possibly the prototype of a multidisciplinary problem: for physicists working in soft condensed matter circle packing, or more generally sphere packing, is relevant in the study of systems with a large number of particles interacting via contact (short--range)... |
541,165,882,577 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
For any von Neumann algebra with a faithful state Tomita-Takesaki theory gives a natural dynamics constructed using the complex structure of the algebra.
It was shown by Bisognano and Wichmann that for the algebra of the Wightman fields localised in a spacelike wedge ... |
541,165,882,578 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The little Higgs \cite{LH} is proposed as an elegant mechanism
of electroweak symmetry breaking with a naturally light Higgs sector.
So far various realizations of the little Higgs symmetry structure
have been proposed \cite{otherlh,lst,sst}, which can be categorized
generally into two classes \c... |
541,165,882,579 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
If we want to analyze the propagation of a gravitational wave (GW) in de Sitter space, we have two possibilities. The first one is to perform the appropriate expansion around the background \cite{7, 8K, S1, S2, S3}. And the second one is to perform the expansion around the flat Minkowskian bac... |
541,165,882,580 | arxiv | \section*{INTRODUCTION}
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have remarkable electronic properties
related with their unique geometrical structure.\cite{Saito,Reich}
For example, the way in which the graphene sheet is wound
into a cylinder determines whether CNTs are metals or
semiconductors.\cite{Hamada,Saito2}
Recent advanc... |
541,165,882,581 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the early eighties our understanding of the perturbative behaviour of non abelian gauge
field theories was enriched by works of Caswell \cite{Caswell}, Banks and Zaks
\cite{Banks:1981nn}.
It was noticed that a second zero of the two-loop beta function of an SU(3) gauge theory with
$N_f$ ma... |
541,165,882,582 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction and Motivation}
Helly's theorem states that if every $d+1$ sets in a collection of convex sets in $\mathbb R^d$ share a point, then there is a point common to all the sets. Helly's theorem, along with its relatives such as Radon's and Carath\'eodory's theorems, has \blue{numerous} consequences ... |
541,165,882,583 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This is a paragraph of text to fill the introduction of the
demonstration file. The demonstration file attempts to show the
modifications of the standard \LaTeX\ macros that are implemented by
the \textsf{achemso} class. These are mainly concerned with content,
as opposed to appearance.
\secti... |
541,165,882,584 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\IEEEPARstart{A}{non-invasive} brain-computer interface is a framework that bridges the gap between human brains and external computers \cite{schalk_practical_2010,lopez-larraz_brain-machine_2018}. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are multi-channel time series acquired from hu... |
541,165,882,585 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
Oscar Zariski (1899--1986) was a central figure in 20th century mathematics. His life, ably recounted in \cite{parikh}, took him from a small city in White Russia, through his advanced training under the masters of the ``Italian school'' of algebraic geometry, and to a distinguished career in th... |
541,165,882,586 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The emission spectrum of a lasing system reflects the complex dynamics of spatial and temporal fluctuations.
For a single mode laser, Schawlow and Townes predicted
the linewidth of the
Lorentzian spectral peak
to scale as the inverse of the emitted power~\cite{schawlow1958}.
However, c... |
541,165,882,587 | arxiv | \section{SSA Method}
In this research, we have investigated the combined IVS troposphere
zenith delay (TZD) series and focused on behavior trends and seasonal
components with the help of Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA)
\cite{Golyand}. Additional information on SSA method, its abilities
and the corresponding software c... |
541,165,882,588 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sect1}\noindent
Let $M$ be a smooth $n$-dimensional manifold. On $M$ consider a globally
defined Stratonovich SDE of the type
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:StratonovichSDE}
\delta X=A(X)\,\delta Z+A_0(X)\,dt
\end{equation}
with $A_0\in\Gamma(TM)$, $A\in\Gamma(\R^r\otimes TM)$ for some $r$... |
541,165,882,589 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
A precise knowledge of the multiple Coulomb scattering is required in many experimental and theoretical activities. Recently a new experiment, MUonE, has been proposed with the aim of measuring the running of the effective electromagnetic coupling at low momentum transfer in th... |
541,165,882,590 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Black holes are the natural test ground for quantum gravity. Much of the current knowledge on quantum effects in strong
gravitational fields indeed comes from the study of stationary black holes. However many interesting open questions, such as
the validity of the cosmic censorship conjecture or... |
541,165,882,591 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In~\cite{Johnstone1990Collapsed}, Johnstone considered the following
very natural question: when is a variety---by which we mean the
category of models of a single-sorted equational algebraic theory---a
cartesian closed category? This was, in fact, a follow-up to an
earlier question---``when is ... |
541,165,882,592 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In several respects, Globular Clusters (GCs) have remained as one of the most relevant astronomical objects of study during more than one hundred years. They were at first thought to be examples of simple stellar populations, which was later proven incorrect due to detailed ch... |
541,165,882,593 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nowadays, the main problem of Yang-Mills theories (YM) and consequently of
quantum chromodynamics (QCD), is to explain theoretically the confinement
phenomenon. Despite the fact that there are several approaches to treat the
issue, there is no final answer to the confinement problem. Let us brie... |
541,165,882,594 | arxiv |
\section{An LP rounding-and-refinement algorithm}
\label{sec:heur}
In this section, we will focus on designing an efficient algorithm, based on the proposed LP relaxation \eqref{lp}, to obtain a high-quality solution for problem \eqref{newmip}.
The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to decompose the hard proble... |
541,165,882,595 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Overview of the normal form problem} The aim of the paper is to use methods of {\em Cauchy-Riemann geometry} (shortly CR-geometry) for solving the following well known problem:
construct a {\em complete} normal form for
a (real or complex) second order ordinary differential equatio... |
541,165,882,596 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
The field of heavy hadron spectroscopy has attracted much attention
nowadays. Experimentally, plentiful hadronic resonances have been
observed, such as the so-called X, Y, and Z states
\cite{X3872,Y3930,Y4260,Z3930,X3940,Z4430,Z4050,Y4140} (for
experimental reviews, e.g., see \cite{Sw... |
541,165,882,597 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
High accuracy astrometry at radio frequencies provides fundamental information for many fields of astronomy and astrophysics \citep{ReidHonma2014}. Very Long Baseline Interferometry has provided trigonometric parallaxes with accuracies of $10~\mu$as or better for masers associ... |
541,165,882,598 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic secure keys between two remote parties based on the laws of quantum mechanics.
Since the development of the first QKD protocol in 1984\cite{bennett1984proceedings}, quantum information processing, particularly quantum communication, ha... |
541,165,882,599 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Learning based automatic music generation has been an active research area~\cite{tatar2019musical,briot2017deep}. Existing learning based music generation methods, however, have paid less attention to real-time interactive music generation (\textit{e.g.}, interactive due... |
541,165,882,600 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The observed conservation of charged-lepton flavor is a long-standing mystery. Despite the lack of protection from a fundamental symmetry, no charged-lepton-flavor-violating decays have been observed~\cite{doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-102912-144530}.
Lepton-flavor violation has been observed in t... |
541,165,882,601 | arxiv | \section*{Conclusions}
In this paper we look at improvements that can be made to the
transverse mass variable at the Tevatron to enhance measurements of the
$W$ width. In particular we look at enhancements that come from using
the rapidity of the measured charged lepton that comes from the
$W$ decay. We construct 2 ne... |
541,165,882,602 | arxiv | \section{Experiments at the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility}
\subsection{The KOTO experiment until 2021}
The KOTO collaboration is searching for the $K_L \to \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ decay at the J-PARC KOTO experiment.
For the branching ratio of the decay,
we set an upper limit of $3.0\times 10^{-9}$ at 90\% CL... |
541,165,882,603 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Real-time optimal powered descent guidance algorithms that enable precision landing are key to maximizing the probability of landing success. Such algorithms allow the vehicle to cope with a more adverse set of model uncertainties, environmental disturbances, and... |
541,165,882,604 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The number of American workers employed in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) occupations has risen rapidly over the last two decades, yet there is an ongoing debate whether this number is sufficient to answer the market's demand.\cite{Noonan2017a,storm1,storm2} ... |
541,165,882,605 | arxiv | \section{Introduction. Wells turbines and OWC systems}
\label{sec:wells}
A Wells turbine is an axial-flow turbine consisting of a rotor usually with symmetric (uncambered) blades staggered at a 90 degree angle relative to the incoming flow. This turbine is used within oscillating water column (OWC) systems, which conv... |
541,165,882,606 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In \cite{MIU68}, Miura introduced the remarkable transformation
\begin{eqnarray}\label{miu}
u=q^2-q_x
\end{eqnarray}
relating solutions of the KdV equation
\begin{eqnarray*}
u_t=u_{xxx}-6uu_x
\end{eqnarray*}
with solutions of the modified KdV (mKdV) equation
\begin{eqnarray*}
q_t=q_{xxx}-6q^2q_x... |
541,165,882,607 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Theory}
Understanding the origins of dissipation and noise in nanomechanical resonators is vital to a wide range of applications including ultra-sensitive force transduction and the production of long-lived quantum states of macroscopic objects. With much dedicated recent work, a variety of... |
541,165,882,608 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:introduction}
Almost half a century ago, \cite{hoyle+60} proposed that some
supernovae may originate from the degenerate remnants of stellar
evolution. These objects are known as Type~Ia supernovae (SN~Ia) and
are commonly believed to be the end points of the evolution of
intermediate mas... |
541,165,882,609 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)~\cite{PrePhaseA} is set to be launched in the
middle of the next decade. As LISA is an all-sky antenna, it will detect sources in all
directions, and across a great range of distances. The types of sources range from monochromatic
white dwarf binarie... |
541,165,882,610 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The internet is crowded with e-commerce businesses, with numbers ranging from 12 to 24 million websites in 2019\cite{top-ecommerce-companies-of-2019}. E-commerce websites are commonly structured around items lists, items details, a shopping cart and a checkout process, with an optional step for ... |
541,165,882,611 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In [L1] Lambropoulou initiated the mixed link theory which is the link theory in the solid torus. A mixed link is an embedding of a disjoint union of finitely many circles into the solid torus $Y$. Since the 3-sphere has the canonical
genus 1 Heegaard decomposition, it can be considered as an e... |
541,165,882,612 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{IntroSec}
A detailed knowledge about the dynamics of spinning compact binaries
is of interest to both astrophysicists and theoretical physicists.
The astrophysical interest arises from the highly accurate
radio observations of relativistic binary pulsars, which
can be used to test general... |
541,165,882,613 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}}
Nonlocal operators and defects enrich our knowledge of interacting quantum field theories: In theories with mass gap, they can be important order parameters which help to distinguish different phases. The prototypical examples of such operators are the Wilson and the `t Hooft loo... |
541,165,882,614 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Our knowledge of the short/hard class of gamma-ray bursts
\citep[GRBs;][]{Dezalay91,Kouv93} has substantially improved since the launch
of the \textit{Swift} and HETE-2 satellites \citep{Gehe04,Ricker02}. At the
time of writing (2007 April), some 25 events had been accurately localized,
and, for... |
541,165,882,615 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Summary of Results}
The AdS/CFT correspondence \cite{Maldacena:1997re,Gubser:1998bc,Witten:1998qj} has led to marvelous insights in quantum gravity and large $N$ gauge theories. Most progress has been made (see \cite{Aharony:1999ti} and references therein) relating
weakly coupled gravity or s... |
541,165,882,616 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The propagation of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) in the interstellar medium
is a topic that has attracted considerable interest.
GRB are highly energetic and diverse events, which
are thought to be produced by violent stellar processes, in particular
the supernovas and mergers of binary neutron stars. T... |
541,165,882,617 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Summary of results}\label{intro}
Let $p$ be a prime, $n\geq 1$ be an integer. We will use ${\mathbb F}_{p^n}$
to denote the finite field of size $p^n$, and ${\mathbb F}_{p^n}^*$ to
denote the set of nonzero elements of ${\mathbb F}_{p^n}$. Let $f:
{\mathbb F}_{p^n}\rightarrow {\mathbb F}_p$ b... |
541,165,882,618 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, a new class of iron-based superconductors was discovered. LiFeAs and NaFeAs were found to be superconducting with T$_c$ = 18K and 9K, respectively \cite{pitcher08, tapp08, wang08, parker08}. These compounds have an unexpected lack in magnetic order at all temperatures whereas in \textit... |
541,165,882,619 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{chp:experiments}
\label{chp:intro}
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the core building block for most modern visual recognition systems. In the past several years they have lead to major breakthroughs in many domains of computer perception. Since the inception of the field t... |
541,165,882,620 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\input{src/010introduction}
\section{Related Work}
\label{sec:background}
\input{src/020related_works}
\section{CLIP-Lite}
\label{sec:method}
\input{src/030method}
\section{Experiments}
\label{sec:experiments}
\input{src/040experiments}
\section{Conclusion}
\label{se... |
541,165,882,621 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this talk, which is based on the
work \cite{Baier:2008js}, the transport coefficient in an anisotropic
but homogenous plasma at high temperature is discussed.
The quoted paper contains a full list of references.
The observation at RHIC of a strong suppression of large momentum particles in... |
541,165,882,622 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We are interested in classifications of compact Sasakian manifolds.
Sasakian geometry is an odd-dimensional counterpart of K\"ahler geometry.
However, in contrast to classifications of compact K\"ahler manifolds up to biholomorphism, the existence of a finite dimensional local moduli space of a c... |
541,165,882,623 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of singularities occurrence in nonlinear evolution problems constitutes a source of intriguing questions
deeply related to the mathematical and physical issues. The basic
example of a PDE evolution leading to shock formation is given by the so called Burgers' equation (actually intr... |
541,165,882,624 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multivariate regression aims at predicting a scalar output $y$ from an input vector of covariates ${\bf x}\in {\mathbb R}^p$.
After collecting measurements about a scientific phenomenon of interest, a data set ${\cal D}^{(n)}=({\bf y}^{(n)}, X^{(n)})$ called \emph{traning set} is built, where
... |
541,165,882,625 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Machine learning (ML) especially deep ML schemes have beaten human-level performance in many computer vision, language, and speech processing tasks which were considered impossible a decade ago. This success of ML schemes has inspired the ideas of self-driving networks \cite{feamster2017and} and ... |
541,165,882,626 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\selectlanguage{american}
Advances in the experimental techniques for manipulating and contacting
atomic-sized objects have turned the vision of molecular-scale electronic
circuits into a realistic goal.\foreignlanguage{english}{\cite{Nazin:Science2003,Nitzan:Science2003,Tao:NatureNano2006,Linds... |
541,165,882,627 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have arguably fueled remarkable progress in computer vision, leading to state-of-the-art performances in many challenging tasks such as image classification~\cite{russakovsky2015imagenet, he2016deep, he2016identity, krizhevsky2012imagenet}, object detecti... |
541,165,882,628 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix}}\let |
541,165,882,629 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Holography \cite{Maldacena:1997re,Witten:1998qj,Gubser:1998bc} has recently been used to construct putative novel phases of compressible matter. While many examples of theories with holographic dual are known, the simplest holographic duals correspond to scale invariant theories. The original ... |
541,165,882,630 | arxiv | \section*{Results}
\subsection*{Theory of polygon modes in WGM} Ideal whispering gallery microcavities are azimuthal symmetric. Under the theory of whispering gallery modes, these modes are approximately mutually orthogonal when the optical Q is sufficiently high. In the presents of perturbations, however, the eigen m... |
541,165,882,631 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study several definitions of privacy---formalisms for
limiting disclosure in statistical procedures---and their consequences in
terms of achievable (statistical) risk for estimation and data analysis. We
review (and present a few new) definitions that attempt to capture what,
i... |
541,165,882,632 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Comments of online articles provide a form of discussion and improve user's engagement. Automatic generation of article comments has a huge value in online forums and intelligent chatbots, etc~\cite{Qin:18}. However, automatic generation of article comments is a new, challenging and not well-stu... |
541,165,882,633 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Denote by $C_0^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$ the smooth functions with compact support in $\mathbb R^n$. Let $0<q<2<p \text{ and }2<n<\frac{2(p-q)}{p-2}$.
A subclass of the well-known Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg (CKN) inequalities \cite{Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg} states that for any real-valued $f\in C_0... |
541,165,882,634 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the half-space $\Pi=\R_+\times\R^n$, $\R_+=(0,+\infty)$, we consider the Cauchy problem for a
first order Hamilton-Jacobi equation
\begin{equation}\label{1}
u_t+H(\nabla_x u)=0
\end{equation}
with merely continuous hamiltonian function $H(p)\in C(\R^n)$, and with initial condition
\begi... |
541,165,882,635 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mendelian randomization (MR) \textcolor{black}{has been} a popular method in genetic epidemiology to study the effect of modifiable exposures on health outcomes using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IV). In a nutshell, MR uses instruments, typically single nucleotide polymorphisms (SN... |
541,165,882,636 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the Cauchy problem for the derivative nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (DNLS) on the real line~$\R$:
\begin{equation}
\label{e:DNLS}
\arraycolsep=1.4pt\def\arraystretch{1.5}
\left\{
\begin{array}{rcl}
i\p_t u + \p_{x}^2 u & = & - i \p_x(|u|^2 u), \\
u\big|_{t=0} & = & u_0\... |
541,165,882,637 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}{\small
The spectra fits to a sample of 34 supernova remnants \citep{2019ApJ...874...50Z} are updated.
$\gamma$-ray spectra of 20 supernova remnants (SNRs) with a soft TeV spectrum are
further analyzed. We found that 17 of them can be fitted in the hadronic scenario with a
single power-law ion distri... |
541,165,882,638 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}}
\section{Introduction}
Human Swarm Interaction (HSI) is a growing research field~\cite{wearable},~\cite{hsi} that deals with the interface between a human and a swarm of robots within a mission. This interface is not limited to the graphical user interface, but to the overall intera... |
541,165,882,639 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{introduction}
The energy and Lorentz factor that we expect in the ejecta in
supernovae and gamma-ray bursts are important because they constrain
the amount of energy that can be deposited in the photons we observe
from these explosions. Previous work on the ejecta, notably
\cite{tan01}, u... |
541,165,882,640 | arxiv | \section{Proof of Theorem \ref{main}}\label{secmain}
Let us start this section with the following
\begin{lem}\label{asintotico}
If $u(t,x)$ is the unique solution to \eqref{schr}
where $f\in {\mathcal S}({\mathbf R}^n)$, and $\psi(|x|)$ is as in theorem
\ref{main}, then:
\begin{equation}\label{radiation}
\lim_{t\rig... |
541,165,882,641 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Open resonators are common in many applications including acoustic properties of musical instruments, laser
cavities, and multilayer x-ray resonators \cite{ELEJABARRIETA2002584,Karman1999,schenk2011optimization}.
A widely applicable technique to terminate the computational domain in resonance
as... |
541,165,882,642 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The last decade is an era of deep learning's renaissance.
In the field of computer vision, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)~\citep{AlexNet, NIN, VGG, InceptionV1, InceptionV2, InceptionV3, InceptionV4, ResNet, SENet} have been widely used in real applications related to visual p... |
541,165,882,643 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction}
\PARstart{I}{nspired} by exceptional learning capabilities of human beings, Reinforcement Learning (RL) systems have emerged aiming to form optimal control policies merely by relying on the knowledge about the past interactions of an agent with its environment. Such a l... |
541,165,882,644 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The exploration of Saturn's satellite system by the {\it Cassini-Huygens} spacecraft has forced a reappraisal of existing models for the origin of Titan. Indeed, a puzzling feature of the atmosphere of Titan is that no primordial noble gases other than argon were detected by th... |
541,165,882,645 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{S:1}
The controllability analysis for the dynamical systems is started in 1960's by R. Kalman, et al, \cite{KalmHoNar1963}, and became one of the most important analysis methods for dynamical properties and supported the 60 years development of the control theory, for revealing deeply... |
541,165,882,646 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and the main result}
For $1\le p\le \infty$, let $L^p:=L^p(\mathbb{T})$ and $H^p:=H^p(\mathbb{T})$ be the standard Lebesgue
and Hardy spaces on the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$, respectively. Denote by $\{\widehat{a}(k)\}_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}$
the sequence of the Fourier coefficients of a function $a\in L... |
541,165,882,647 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Research of general metric spaces is more difficult than that of compact metric spaces.
Hence we ask when a metric space is compactified in the sense that it is embedded in a compact metric space through a metric preserving map.
This problem is difficult in general, but it becomes simple in the o... |
541,165,882,648 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One-dimensional (1D) quantum spin system coupled with lattice degree of freedom has been extensively studied experimentally and theoretically, since the systems provide a playground of spin-Peierls transition. Conventional spin-Peierls compounds like organic materials exhibit the transition with... |
541,165,882,649 | arxiv | \section{\label{I}Introduction}
Universal scaling laws for the dimensional properties of flexible
polymer chain in a good solvent, such as the end-to-end distance
$R_e$ and the gyration radius $R_g$, are well explained and
understood since the groundbreaking studies by de Gennes and des
Cloizeaux \cite{deGennes1... |
541,165,882,650 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this text we consider the classical linear heat equation:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:heat}
u_{\,t}\ =\ \nu\,\boldsymbol{\nabla}^{\,2}\,u\,,
\end{equation}
where $u(\boldsymbol{x},\,t)$ is a quantity being diffused in some domain $\Omega\ \subseteq\ \mathds{R}^{d}\,$. In physical applications... |
541,165,882,651 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The popularity of deep learning in various fields such as image recognition~\cite{image_1,image_2}, speech~\cite{speech_1,speech_2}, bioinformatics~\cite{bioinformatics,drug}, question answering~\cite{qa} \emph{etc}\bmvaOneDot. stems from the seemingly favorable trade-off betw... |
541,165,882,652 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The nuclear symmetry energy, and
its density dependence, as characterized by the traditional symmetry energy parameters $S_V$ and $L$, has been the focus of much recent activity because it is the most direct link between nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics~\cite{Steiner2005,LP07,Lattimer2... |
541,165,882,653 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} The use of quantum resources in sensing and metrology has a longstanding
history which originated with the use of single-mode squeezed states \cite{Caves81}
and multi-particle spin-squeezing \cite{WinelandBI+92,WinelandBI+94}, i.e., entanglement,
{to enhance precision in interferometry and atomic... |
541,165,882,654 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-0.1cm}
Code-switching occurs when a speaker alternates between two or more languages. With fast globalization and frequent culture exchange, code-switching has become a common language phenomenon which poses significant challenges to speech and language processing tasks including automa... |
541,165,882,655 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
We consider the optimization problem
\begin{equation}
\inf_{x\in {\mathcal X}} f(x)+g(x)+h(Mx)
\label{eq:pb}
\end{equation}
where ${\mathcal X}$ is a Euclidean space, $M:{\mathcal X}\to {\mathcal Y}$ is a linear operator onto a second Euclidean space ${\mathcal Y}$;
functions $f:{\mathc... |
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