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541,165,883,456 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
With the development of scientific techniques, ultra-high dimensional
data sets have appeared in diverse areas of the sciences, engineering
and humanities; \citet{Don00} and \citet{FanLi06} have
provided comprehensive reviews. To handle statistical problems related
to high dime... |
541,165,883,457 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent advances in nano-technology have made possible the creation of electronic devices with the active element being a single organic molecule. Such molecular junctions may be an alternative to semi-conductor technology in the search for further miniaturization and novel transport properties. T... |
541,165,883,458 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Successful operation of X-ray free electron lasers (FELs) \cite{flash,lcls,sacla}, based on
self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) principle \cite{ks-sase},
down to an $\rm{\AA}$ngstr{\"o}m regime opens up new horizons for photon science. Even shorter
wavelengths are requested by the sc... |
541,165,883,459 | arxiv | \section{The First Luminous Aggregations in the Universe}
Determining how structure formed in the early universe, and how
the first luminous objects (hereafter Pop III) form, appears to
be one of the most challenging and interesting problems in
physical cosmology.
Current models of cosmic structure formation based o... |
541,165,883,460 | arxiv |
\subsection{Overview}
The main idea of FlowDyn is to dynamically adjust the flowlet timeout according to the topology and network conditions inside the data center network. FlowDyn tracks the latency difference among the multiple paths between the ToR switches that connect the server pairs. For each ToR pair, we calc... |
541,165,883,461 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The {\it Semimicroscopic Algebraic Cluster Model} (SACM) was introduced in
\cite{cseh-letter, cseh-levai-anph} and applied to light nuclei up to the
first half in the sd-shell. Later some attempts were made to extend it to heavy nuclei.
Many applications of the SACM have been stud... |
541,165,883,462 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix}
\subsection*{Attacks}
\subsubsection*{Feature enabling and disabling}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|m{1cm}|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Attack & acc & acc adv & FNR & FNR adv & change & evasion\\ [0.5ex]
\hline
\hline
dec\_pos & 0.93 & 0.62 & 0.12 & 0.56 & 6.2... |
541,165,883,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
International stock markets are witnessing increasing interconnection. As the stock markets are becoming more open to foreign investors, the increase in liquidity and availability of stocks of transition and emerging countries enlarges the possibilities of an international portfolio diversificati... |
541,165,883,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vglue.2in
A construction of new supergravity theories is apparently complete after
a lot of work done in the past --- see e.g., refs.~\cite{rev1, rev2}. However,
it is merely apparent, because some recent developments in field theory,
strings and gravity offer new opportunities for even furth... |
541,165,883,465 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
The analysis of multivariate time series data is of increased
interest and importance in the modern information age. Although
the\vadjust{\goodbreak}
methods and the associate theory for univariate time series analysis
are well developed and understood, the picture for the mu... |
541,165,883,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The tight correlations between the black hole (BH) mass and the properties of the host galaxy spheroid, including mass, luminosity, and stellar velocity dispersion
\citep{Kormendy95,Magorrian98,Ho99,Gebhardt00,Ferrarese00,Marconi03,Haring04,Kormendy09}, imply a tight link between galaxy evol... |
541,165,883,467 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\pagestyle{plain}
\subsection{Motivation}
When searching for a general approach to the challenges~\cite{berkeleyview}
faced by multicore programming, particularly deadlocks during
synchronizations and race conditions~\cite{races} introduced by
concurrency, which render solutions built on conven... |
541,165,883,468 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ion Coulomb crystals are an unusual form of condensed matter, where crystalline order emerges from the interplay between Coulomb repulsion and the external trapping potential, while the temperature is controlled by means of lasers \cite{Dubin1999}. These properties make them versatile and control... |
541,165,883,469 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent
The Drell-Yan (DY) production of a pair of high transverse momentum leptons
through the decay of a produced electrically neutral gauge boson ($\gamma^*/Z$) at hadron colliders,
is one of the most important processes for our understanding of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).
Due to its clean... |
541,165,883,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Star formation is a principal process of galaxy formation and evolution (\citealt{Kennicutt2012ARA&A..50..531K}, and references therein). A tight relation between the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass ($M_{*}$) is found for star-forming galaxies at different redshifts ... |
541,165,883,471 | arxiv | \section{Two paths to a construction}
We start by fixing notation. As is usual in triangle geometry; we let $A, B, C$ refer to the vertices of a triangle, $a$, $b$, and $c$ denote the lengths of the corresponding (opposite) sides, and use $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$ for the corresponding angles.
We now construct a m... |
541,165,883,472 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Terrestrial planets and cores of giant planets are generally considered to have formed through accretion of many small
bodies called planetesimals.
To simulate accretion processes of planets, two methods, which are complementary to each other, have been applied.
The first one is $N$-body simula... |
541,165,883,473 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In last few decades, active systems have become a subject of great interest \cite{sriramannulrev, marchettirmp, romanczuk, bechinger} due to their unusual
properties in comparison to the system at thermal equilibrium.
Examples start from systems of micron scale like, bacterial colonies \cite{d... |
541,165,883,474 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy is now a well established field, with regular detections of compact binary coalescences from the ground-based Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors\cite{GW150914, GW170817, GW190425, GWTC1, GWTC2}.
Current interferometers are converging on... |
541,165,883,475 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Colloid-stabilized emulsions are metastable composites which can be remarkably robust. The interfacial colloids are trapped extremely strongly~\cite{Binks06} because they reduce the shared area between the dispersed and continuous phases. When an emulsion is initially prepared the droplets coale... |
541,165,883,476 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Last two decades, nanoscience and emerging nanotechnologies have
been dominated by honeycomb structured carbon based materials in
different dimensionality, such as fullerenes, single and multi
walled carbon nanotubes, graphene and its ribbons. In particular,
graphene, a two dimensional (2D) hone... |
541,165,883,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Midgap states observed in one-dimensional (1D) organic band insulators are due to excited states that consist of localized carriers coupled with phonons.~\cite{heeger,okamoto1} A polaron state is a typical example of these midgap states and has attracted a lot of research interest. In particul... |
541,165,883,478 | arxiv | \section{The \texorpdfstring{\boldmath $Q\bar{Q}gg$}{QQgg} final state and
antenna subtraction at NNLO}
\label{sec::antenna_fct}
\label{sec::2::1::intro}
As mentioned above, we will construct a subtraction term that coincides
with the order $\alpha_s^2$ squared matrix element of
\begin{equation}
S ( q ) \to Q (p_1... |
541,165,883,479 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
The investigation of ergodic properties of classical dynamical systems
has a long history. As an example, we mention the well--known ergodic hypothesis
(cf. e.g. \cite{LL}, Section 4) which can be viewed as a justification of the
microcanonical
distribution in statistical mechanics.
We refe... |
541,165,883,480 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
A \emph{flywheel} is a device that stores kinetic energy in the rotational motion of the wheel and supplies it on demand.
In many devices the flywheel is an essential component for extracting work from an engine.
The main tasks of a flywheel are twofold: transducing discrete energy into continuo... |
541,165,883,481 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
According to various cosmological and astrophysical scenarios, we are bathed in a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB).
Proposed theoretical cosmological models include the amplification of vacuum fluctuations during inflation\cite{spjetp.40.409.75,jetpl.30.68... |
541,165,883,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Orbital phase dependent dipping activity in the X-ray binaries is believed
to be caused by the obscuration of X-rays from the compact object by structures
located in the outer regions of the disk particularly believed to be impact
region of the accretion flow from the binary companion (W... |
541,165,883,483 | arxiv | \section{Checking accessibility}
\label{sec-acc}
In this section, we give a simple condition to ensure accessibility
and some hints on how to modify the interpretation when this condition is
not satisfied.
As seen with the definition of accessibility, the main problem is to
deal with subterms of higher-order type. A ... |
541,165,883,484 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
A classical theorem in the global theory of proper minimal surfaces in Euclidean $3$-space is the \emph{half-space theorem} by Hoffman and Meeks \cite{HM}: if ${\mathcal S}$ is a properly immersed minimal surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ that lies on one side of some plane ${\mathcal ... |
541,165,883,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We explain the relation between quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) integration
and the Walsh figure of merit (WAFOM) (see \cite{1} for details).
QMC integration is one of the methods for numerical integration
(see \cite{4}, \cite{5} and \cite{8} for details).
Let $Q$ be a point set in the $s$-dime... |
541,165,883,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sect: intr}}
Recently, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs), also known as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces \cite{yu2021smart, liu2021reconfigurable}, have been proposed as a promising smart radio technology for enhancing future communication systems.
Thanks to breakthroughs in the deve... |
541,165,883,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the setting in which users have data $X=(S,U)$ that a data aggregator is interested in, but users do not wish to disclose information about sensitive data $S$. Therefore, users release an obfuscated version $Y$ of $X$, such that $Y$ contains as much information about $X$ as possible, ... |
541,165,883,488 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The growing field of adaptive data analysis seeks to understand the problems that arise from the way that many analysts study data: by an adaptive process of iterative measurements. Researchers often make those measurements on the same data set, inadvertently breaking an important assumption of ... |
541,165,883,489 | arxiv | \section{Shape Query Algebra}
\label{sec:algebra}
In this section, we describe the {\sf ShapeQuery}\xspace algebra, a structured internal representation of a user query\techreport{, supporting a minimal set of primitives and operators that capture a wide range of {\sf ShapeSearch}\xspace use-cases}. Each user query iss... |
541,165,883,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum feedback control is a branch of stochastic control theory that
takes into account the inherent uncertainty in quantum systems. Though
quantum stochastic control was first investigated in the 1980s in the
pioneering papers of Belavkin \cite{Bel83,Bel88} it is only recently that
this has b... |
541,165,883,491 | arxiv | \section{The PKS 1830-211 gravitationally lensed quasar}\label{sec:introduction}
PKS 1830-211 is a high redshift (z=2.5 \citep{1999ApJ...514L..57L}) Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar (FSRQ) which has been detected in all wavelengths from radio to high-energy gamma-rays. It is a known gravitationally lensed object with two co... |
541,165,883,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies form stars in environments quite different
from gas-rich spirals or luminous infrared galaxies.
BCDs are often rich in
atomic gas but it is difficult to study their molecular components; the CO emission is usually weak and BCDs are often of ... |
541,165,883,493 | arxiv | \section{Introduction
The standard formalism of canonically quantized gauge
theories \cite{Nakanishi,Kugo78a,Kugo78b,Kugo79,Kugo89}
does not consider quantum-level gauge transformations.
There is no quantum gauge freedom,
since the quantum theory is defined only after the gauge fixing.
Within the broader fra... |
541,165,883,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Transformer based models \cite{vaswani2017attention} have been proven to be very effective in building the state-of-the-art Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems via neural networks and attention mechanism \cite{sutskever2014sequence,bahdanau2014neural}. Following the standard \emph{Sequence-t... |
541,165,883,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In \cite{shannon56}, Shannon investigates the zero-error information transmission by considering codes that must allow for a correct decoding with probability one, instead of an asymptotic probability one. This subtle difference radically changes the nature of the problem, as the exact values of... |
541,165,883,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The flow around bluff bodies is common in nature as well as in many engineering applications such as road vehicles and bridges.
It is mainly characterized by a large vortex shedding and a low pressure region in the wake, which is the main source of the elevated drag.
The w... |
541,165,883,497 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The configuration of
three circles inside a triangle such that each circle is tangent to
the other two circles and to two of the sides of the triangle
has been studied
for more than two centuries.
Today,
such three circles are called the \emph{Malfatti circles}
of the triangle.
\begin{figure}[htb... |
541,165,883,498 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Diffusive systems such as Brownian particles exist in mesoscopic scales, ranging from a few nano-meters to micro-meters, where thermal fluctuations play an important role. In general, these systems are far away from equilibrium, and their thermodynamic quantities, like heat, or work... |
541,165,883,499 | arxiv | \section{Derivation of $\mathbb{E}[X^2]$ of Mixed-Gamma Distribution}
\label{app:mix_gamma_scnd_mnt_deriv}
The second moment of $X$ with distribution $f(x)$ (Eq. \ref{eq:zero_gamma_pdf}) is defined as:
\begin{eqnarray*}
\mathbb{E}[X^2] & = & \int^\infty_0 f(x) x^2 dx \\
& = & \int^\infty_0 (1-p)\frac{1}{\Gamma(a)s^a}x^... |
541,165,883,500 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Andreev reflection in normal metal-superconductor(NS) junctions has attracted great interests of researchers in the field of superconductivity in recent years\cite{Blonder,Satoshi, Yang, wliming}. The tunneling spectrum of electrons on a NS junction is sensitive to the superconducting gap o... |
541,165,883,501 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
A superfluid-insulator transition in a disordered noninteracting
system of bosons at zero temperature is a special type of quantum
phase transition (QPT) \cite{mac}. Instead of the more conventional
competition between different interactions, it is disorder that causes
a drasti... |
541,165,883,502 | arxiv | \section{Problem Description}
The \textsc{DAgger} algorithm \cite{DAgger} addresses the covariate shift encountered in behavioural cloning by querying the expert again on all the states that the agent encounters during a test run, then aggregating these new samples with the existing dataset.
However, querying the ex... |
541,165,883,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this talk I will describe some recent work together with
Michael Dinsdale concerning the relative size of non-perturbative
power corrections for QCD event shape observables \cite{r1,r1b}.
For ${e}^{+}{e}^{-}$ event shape {\it means} the DELPHI collaboration
have found in a recent analysis t... |
541,165,883,504 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Support of equivariant $\cD$-modules on rigid analytic
spaces}\label{SuppInd} Let $G$ be a $p$-adic Lie group and let $K$ be a non-Archimedean field of mixed characteristic $(0,p)$. In our recent work \cite{EqDCap}, we
introduced the category $\cC_{\bX/G}$ of coadmissible $G$-equivar... |
541,165,883,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
In this paper the main idea is to find possibly large genuine CP violation (CPV) effects
in the decays of the fourth generation of quarks,
arising from the one-loop flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC),
by using unique fitting procedure.
A fourth generation o... |
541,165,883,506 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{intro}
It was first suggested by Hanany and Witten \cite{HW}
that when two branes (in appropriate configuration)
cross each other, a third brane stretching between them
is created or annihilated.
They observed the creation in type I\hspace{-.1em}I\hspace{.1em} B string
theory of a D3-bran... |
541,165,883,507 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Often data contain a greater number of zero
observations than would be predicted using standard, unimodal
statistical distributions. This currently happens in ecology (see
\cite{Martinetal2005}) when counting species (over-dispersion for
discrete data) or recording biomasses (atoms at zero for c... |
541,165,883,508 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many ceramic and hybrid metal-organic framework materials show negative thermal expansion (NTE): they \textit{contract} instead of expanding on heating~\cite{Barrera2005,Miller2005,Lind2012,Romao2013}. Their structures are invariably characterised as a network of polyhedral groups of atoms that ... |
541,165,883,509 | arxiv | \section{\label{I}Introduction}
\par Exciton diffusion in molecular materials is a fundamental process relevant to a variety of physical phenomena, including organic semiconductors~\cite{Silbey2007}, solar cell physics~\cite{NatMat}, and excitation energy transfer in natural/artificial light-harvesting systems~\cite{F... |
541,165,883,510 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Machine learning (ML) has seen a surge in popularity in almost all fields of astronomy that involve massive amounts of complex data \citep{ball2010data, way2012advances, ivezic2014statistics, ntampaka2019role}.
Most ML methods target regression and classification, whose primary goal is to return... |
541,165,883,511 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Meson strong decay is a complex non-perturbative process that has not yet been
described from QCD first principles. Instead, several phenomenological
models have been developed to deal with this topic, like the $^{3}P_{0}$
model~\cite{mic69_1}, the flux-tube model~\cite{kok87_1}, or microscopic... |
541,165,883,512 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Once very popular the problem of initial conditions in cosmology \cite{noboundary,tunnel} starts attracting attention again. In particular, it raises the issue of a possible origin of inflation in the Starobinsky $R^2$-gravity \cite{Starobinskymodel} and the non-minimal Higgs inflation model \c... |
541,165,883,513 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we confirm a strong-weak duality of two dimensional conformal field theories, between the AdS$_3$ sigma model with Kalb-Ramond flux and a free theory deformed by a winding condensate. This duality, proposed in \cite{Jafferis:2021ywg}, can be understood as an AdS$_3$ uplift of the... |
541,165,883,514 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A fundamental problem of vision is how to deal with the enormous complexity of images
and visual scenes \footnote{Similar complexity issues will arise for other perceptual and cognitive modalities.}. The total number of possible images is almost infinitely large \cite{Kersten:1987ug}. The number... |
541,165,883,515 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we employ rigorous homogenization \index{Homogenization!Periodic} techniques to derive the effective (Darcy scale) model for dissolution and precipitation in a complex (porous) medium proposed in \cite{knabner}. The starting point is the micro (pore) scale model analyzed in \cite{p... |
541,165,883,516 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{i}
We consider the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the barotropic regime in a space-time cylinder $Q_T=(0,T)\times\Omega$, where $T>0$ is arbitrarily large and $\Omega \subset R^3$ is a bounded domain:
\bFormula{i1}
\partial_t \varrho + {\rm div}_x (\varrho \vc{u}) = 0,
\end{equa... |
541,165,883,517 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Deep learning has been successful in numerous machine learning problems thanks to the recent progress in parallel processing and the huge amount of real-world data collected from various sources. However, in some machine learning applications it is required to rehearse the training process re... |
541,165,883,518 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Analysis of urine sediment particles from microscopic images play a vital role in the diagnosis of urinary and kidney diseases. The constituents of urine samples are Red Blood Cells (RBCs), White Blood Cells (WBCs) referred to as pus cells, epithelial cells, casts, bacteria, crystals and other ar... |
541,165,883,519 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The cerebral cortex, or grey matter, is the outermost layer of nerve tissue covering the cerebrum and plays a key role in high-level cognitive functions, such as decision-making. The nerve cells in the cerebral cortex contain nonmyelinated axons, and the cortex is distinguished from the underlyin... |
541,165,883,520 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the discovery of the first four pulsars with the Cambridge radio
telescope, an ongoing evolution of telescope systems
has doubled the number of known radio pulsars roughly every 4 years.
The next step in radio telescope evolution will be the use of large
numbers of low-cost receivers that... |
541,165,883,521 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The phrases \emph{black car} and \emph{purple car} are very
similar --- except for their frequency. In a large corpus, described in
more detail in Section~\ref{sec:datasets}, the phrase \textit{black
car} occurs 131 times --- making it possible to model the whole
phrase distri... |
541,165,883,522 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Viruses are the most numerous organisms on Earth.
They play diverse roles in the biotic component of practically any ecosystem. Especially remarkable is the case of marine ecosystems. Marine viruses are important sources of mortality at every trophic level. Potential hosts range from whales and ... |
541,165,883,523 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Algorithms have been discussed for thousands of years, starting with the Babylonians and later the Greeks
(e.g. Plato's academy, Euclid in Alexandria, etc.). These ideas were subsequently passed to (or rediscovered in)
many mathematical cultures and civilizations (see~\cite{AngLam95}). Indee... |
541,165,883,524 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec;intro}
Lithium-rich complex transition-metal oxides have been of great interest for lithium-ion battery electrodes due to their high theoretical capacity. These materials include layered oxides Li$_2$MoO$_3$,\cite{James1988JSSCMo,Ma2014CM} Li$_2$RuO$_3$,\cite{James1988JSSC,Johannes2008... |
541,165,883,525 | arxiv | \subsection{Introduction}
Ferroelectricity driven by magnetic ordering in so-called type-II multiferroics
exhibits a high potential for technological applications. Switching ferroelectric polarization by a magnetic field or magnetization by an electric field
offers unprecedented applications in modern energy-e... |
541,165,883,526 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The gauging of a non-linear sigma model, giving rise to a coupling between
scalar (coordinates of the target space) and gauge fields has attracted
interest from different areas. In particular, soliton solutions of the
gauged O(3) Chern-Simons model may be relevant in planar condensed matter
syst... |
541,165,883,527 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theft of sensitive data from computers owned by governments,
corporations, and legal and medical professionals has escalated to a
problem of paramount importance as computers are now used to store,
modify, and safeguard all kinds of sensitive and private information.
Hard drive thefts in the... |
541,165,883,528 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Researchers aim to solve bigger and bigger games. A breakthrough that allowed defeating human experts in several large imperfect-information games is limited look-ahead solving, which adapts a well-known approach from perfect-information games to games with imperfect-information \cite{moravvcik2... |
541,165,883,529 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The spectral theory of linear Laplacian, called Laplace-Beltrami operator, on a domain of an Euclidean space or a Riemannian manifold is extensively studied in the literature, see e.g. \cite{CH53}. The $p$-Laplacians are nonlinear generalizations of the linear Laplacian, which corresponds to t... |
541,165,883,530 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
[© 2019 Optical Society of America]. Users may use, reuse, and build upon the article, or use the article for text or data mining, so long as such uses are for non-commercial purposes and appropriate attribution is maintained. All other rights are reserved.
\begin{figure*}[t]
\centering
\fbox{\... |
541,165,883,531 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{intro}
In \cite{Del73}*{\S4}, Deligne presented an elegant argument proving the existence of the theory of $\epsilon$-factors of local Weil representations over the complex numbers; this theory had previously been predicted by Langlands. For Weil representations of a nonarchimedean local ... |
541,165,883,532 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the call for applications for the 2021 astronaut program, the European Space Agency (ESA) invited people with disabilities to apply for the first time. In addition, ESA has launched the Parastronaut Feasibility Project, which aims to identify the challenges people with specific disabilities ma... |
541,165,883,533 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Schr\"{o}dinger equation is the most fundamental problem in quantum mechanics, which is named after Erwin Schr\"{o}dinger, who won the Nobel Prize along with Paul Dirac in 1933 for their contributions to quantum physics.
Schr\"{o}dinger equation describes the wave function of a quantum mechan... |
541,165,883,534 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Einstein's field equations can be deduced as equations of motion of the Einstein-Hilbert functional.
In the classical context one considers (Lorentzian or Riemannian) manifolds equipped only with the Levi-Civita connection.\medskip
\noindent
In the 1920s \'E.~Cartan investigated general orthogon... |
541,165,883,535 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Games are ubiquitous. They appear in
many areas, such as economics, logic,
and computer science. They
provide a valuable language in which one can model situations where the evolution of a
system is determined by the choices of several agents. The agents are players
performing moves
according t... |
541,165,883,536 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) \cite{Iijima,Harris,Dresselhaus} are promising acceptor materials for organic photovoltaics (OPVs) \cite{Kymakis02,Kymakis03,HertelPumpProbeSWNT+PFO-BPy}. The high surface to volume ratio of conjugated carbons in the tube structure facilitates the exciton ... |
541,165,883,537 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
\subsection{Background} \label{subsec:background}
Ballistic motion is a dynamical property found in certain delocalized Schr\"o\-dinger operators.
Broadly speaking, in considering a Schr\"odinger operator, say $H=-\Delta +V$ on $L^2(\D{R}^d)$, we can understand \emph{... |
541,165,883,538 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introsec}
Strange particle signatures for the formation and evolution
of the deconfined quark-gluon phase of elementary matter
(QGP) has been a subject developed quite intensely for the
past 20 years. We review here our progress since
the last major review \cite{acta96}, highlighting our... |
541,165,883,539 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A very interesting topic in modern cosmology is the accelerating cosmic expansion \cite{11,13,14}. This cosmic acceleration has been a major motivation behind introducing a wide range of modified gravity theories in order to find a satisfactory explanation to this problem. An exotic form of ener... |
541,165,883,540 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum computers are steadily improving in terms of their computational power to the extent that first computations are being performed that are no longer feasible on conventional machines~\cite{aruteQuantumSupremacyUsing2019,zhongQuantumComputationalAdvantage2020}.
Achieving these milestones ... |
541,165,883,541 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Rapha\"{e}l Rouquier introduced in \cite{rouquier} an invariant of triangulated categories which became known as Rouquier dimension. For a scheme $X$ the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves $D^b_{\!\mathrm{coh}}(X)$ is a triangulated category which reflects many geometric properties of $... |
541,165,883,542 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
The dilute Fermi gas at unitarity provides a new paradigm for
transport properties of strongly correlated quantum fluids
\cite{Schafer:2009dj,Adams:2012th,Schaefer:2014awa}.
Over the last several years there have been several experimental
\cite{oHara:2002,Kinast:2004b,Bar... |
541,165,883,543 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of nebulae around symbiotic stars, and in particular those
containing Mira variables, is key to understanding several aspects of
their binary interactions, outburst properties and timescales. Such
studies provide information about the geometry, dynamics, and history
of mass loss from t... |
541,165,883,544 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the Milky Way, there is a clear separation between known open clusters
(which have diffuse structure, generally have low masses and ages, and
belong to the disk) and globular clusters (which have a more
concentrated structure, higher masses and ages, and in many cases
belong to the halo). Whe... |
541,165,883,545 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
We consider the compressible Euler-Poisson equations:
\begin{align}
\rho_t + \mathrm{div} (\rho v) &= 0, \label{eq:EP-1}\\
v_t + v \cdot \nabla v &= -\lambda \nabla \Phi, \label{eq:EP-2}\\
\Delta \Phi &= \rho, \label{eq:EP-3}
\end{align}
where $(t,x) \in \mathbb{R}_+ \times \mathbb{R}^n$.
Thes... |
541,165,883,546 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgments}
We thank Suriya Gunasekar, Sebastien Bubeck, Ruoqi Shen, and Jeff Z. HaoChen, and members of the IRIS and RAIL labs for helpful discussions on this project.
This work was supported by KFAS, NSF, Google, Juniper Networks, Stanford HAI, and Open Philanthropy.
\bibliographystyle{iclr2023_con... |
541,165,883,547 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are used in civil infrastructure (water and gas distribution networks, power grids, transportation) and industrial applications
(process plants, automotive industry).
The automation of these systems is constantly
evolving with new technologies to increase their ... |
541,165,883,548 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Surface diffusion is a fourth-order, highly nonlinear geometric evolution of a surface in which the normal velocity is proportional to
the surface Laplacian of the mean curvature. It plays an important role in materials science, a common example being solid
state dewetting, see, for
exampl... |
541,165,883,549 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Context}
The concept of configuration space, first formalized in the robotics context by Lozano-Pérez \cite{LozanoPerez1983}, is a key element for any approach to motion planning \cite{Latombe91, Lav06}. In turn, developing effective algorithms for this task requires equipping the con... |
541,165,883,550 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The physical origin of X-ray emission in the nuclei of radio galaxies
is a topic of considerable debate. It is unclear whether the emission
primarily originates in an accretion flow, or instead has an origin
associated with a parsec-scale radio jet. The
evidence in favor of each interpretation p... |
541,165,883,551 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent
Over the past decades, noncommutative geometry has emerged as a
crucial ingredient for physical theories describing the unification of
quantum mechanics and general relativity. At small length scales, or
high energies, there are good reasons to believe that space itself
becomes noncomm... |
541,165,883,552 | arxiv | \section{Reproducibility Statement}
Our source code is provided in \url{https://sites.google.com/view/cole-2023/}.
Besides, more reproducibility information could be found in the appendix.
\begin{itemize}
\vspace{-3mm}
\setlength{\itemsep}{1pt}
\setlength{\parskip}{1pt}
\setlength{\parsep}{1pt}
\item The detailed ... |
541,165,883,553 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Information theoretic secrecy was initiated by Wyner in his
seminal work~\cite{Wyner}. Wyner considered a degraded wiretap
channel, where the eavesdropper gets a degraded version of the
legitimate receiver's observation. For this degraded model, he
found the capacity-equivocation rate region whe... |
541,165,883,554 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The W3C organized the RDF Validation Workshop\footnote{\url{http://www.w3.org/2012/12/rdf-val/}},
where experts from industry, government, and academia discussed first use cases for RDF constraint formulation and validation.
In 2014, two working groups on RDF validation have been establis... |
541,165,883,555 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To every symmetric or alternating bilinear form, and hence to every quadratic form when the base field is not of characteristic two, we can associate a central simple algebra with involution. In this way, the theory of quadratic forms is embedded into the larger theory of algebras with involut... |
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