title stringlengths 1 80 | section stringlengths 1 623 | text stringlengths 0 40.4k |
|---|---|---|
Acid | Vinylogous carboxylic acids | Vinylogous carboxylic acids
Normal carboxylic acids are the direct union of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group. In vinylogous carboxylic acids, a carbon-carbon double bond separates the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups.
Ascorbic acid |
Acid | Nucleic acids | Nucleic acids
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) |
Acid | References | References
Listing of strengths of common acids and bases
|
Acid | External links | External links
Curtipot: Acid–Base equilibria diagrams, pH calculation and titration curves simulation and analysis – freeware
Category:Acid–base chemistry |
Acid | Table of Content | pp-semi-indef, Definitions and concepts, Arrhenius acids, Brønsted–Lowry acids{{anchor, Lewis acids, Dissociation and equilibrium, Nomenclature, Acid strength, Lewis acid strength in non-aqueous solutions, Chemical characteristics, Monoprotic acids, Polyprotic acids, Neutralization, Weak acid–weak base equilibrium, Tit... |
Bitumen | short description | 300px|thumb|Natural bitumen from the Dead Sea
thumb|Refined bitumen
thumb|upright|The University of Queensland pitch drop experiment, demonstrating the viscosity of bitumen
Bitumen ( , ) is an immensely viscous constituent of petroleum. Depending on its exact composition, it can be a sticky, black liquid or an appar... |
Bitumen | Terminology | Terminology |
Bitumen | Etymology | Etymology
The Latin word traces to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷet- "pitch".
The word "asphalt" is derived from the late Middle English, in turn from French asphalte, based on Late Latin asphaltum, which is the latinisation of the Greek (ásphaltos), a word meaning "asphalt/bitumen/pitch",. which perhaps derives ... |
Bitumen | Modern terminology | Modern terminology
Bitumen mixed with clay was usually called "asphaltum", but the term is less commonly used today.
In American English, "asphalt" is equivalent to the British "bitumen". However, "asphalt" is also commonly used as a shortened form of "asphalt concrete" (therefore equivalent to the British "asphalt"... |
Bitumen | Composition | Composition |
Bitumen | Normal composition | Normal composition
The components of bitumen include four main classes of compounds:
Naphthene aromatics (naphthalene), consisting of partially hydrogenated polycyclic aromatic compounds
Polar aromatics, consisting of high molecular weight phenols and carboxylic acids produced by partial oxidation of the material
... |
Bitumen | Additives, mixtures and contaminants | Additives, mixtures and contaminants
For economic and other reasons, bitumen is sometimes sold combined with other materials, often without being labeled as anything other than simply "bitumen".Arnold, Terence S. (senior research chemist, Pavement Materials Team, Office of Infrastructure Research and Development, Fed... |
Bitumen | Occurrence | Occurrence
thumb|right|upright|Bituminous outcrop of the Puy de la Poix, Clermont-Ferrand, France
The majority of bitumen used commercially is obtained from petroleum. Nonetheless, large amounts of bitumen occur in concentrated form in nature. Naturally occurring deposits of bitumen are formed from the remains of anc... |
Bitumen | History | History |
Bitumen | Paleolithic times | Paleolithic times
Bitumen use goes back to the Middle Paleolithic, where it was shaped into tool handles or used as an adhesive for attaching stone tools to hafts.
The earliest evidence of bitumen use was discovered when archeologists identified bitumen material on Levallois flint artefacts that date to about 71,000... |
Bitumen | Ancient times | Ancient times
The use of natural bitumen for waterproofing and as an adhesive dates at least to the fifth millennium BC, with a crop storage basket discovered in Mehrgarh, of the Indus Valley civilization, lined with it.McIntosh, Jane. The Ancient Indus Valley. p. 57 By the 3rd millennium BC refined rock asphalt was ... |
Bitumen | Continental Europe | Continental Europe
In 1553, Pierre Belon described in his work Observations that pissasphalto, a mixture of pitch and bitumen, was used in the Republic of Ragusa (now Dubrovnik, Croatia) for tarring of ships.
An 1838 edition of Mechanics Magazine cites an early use of asphalt in France. A pamphlet dated 1621, by "a ... |
Bitumen | United Kingdom | United Kingdom
Among the earlier uses of bitumen in the United Kingdom was for etching. William Salmon's Polygraphice (1673) provides a recipe for varnish used in etching, consisting of three ounces of virgin wax, two ounces of mastic, and one ounce of asphaltum. By the fifth edition in 1685, he had included more asp... |
Bitumen | United States | United States
The first use of bitumen in the New World was by aboriginal peoples. On the west coast, as early as the 13th century, the Tongva, Luiseño and Chumash peoples collected the naturally occurring bitumen that seeped to the surface above underlying petroleum deposits. All three groups used the substance as a... |
Bitumen | Canada | Canada
Canada has the world's largest deposit of natural bitumen in the Athabasca oil sands, and Canadian First Nations along the Athabasca River had long used it to waterproof their canoes. In 1719, a Cree named Wa-Pa-Su brought a sample for trade to Henry Kelsey of the Hudson's Bay Company, who was the first recor... |
Bitumen | Photography and art | Photography and art
Bitumen was used in early photographic technology. In 1826, or 1827, it was used by French scientist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce to make the oldest surviving photograph from nature. The bitumen was thinly coated onto a pewter plate which was then exposed in a camera. Exposure to light hardened the bit... |
Bitumen | Modern use | Modern use |
Bitumen | Global use | Global use
The vast majority of refined bitumen is used in construction: primarily as a constituent of products used in paving and roofing applications. According to the requirements of the end use, bitumen is produced to specification. This is achieved either by refining or blending. It is estimated that the current... |
Bitumen | Rolled asphalt concrete | Rolled asphalt concrete
The largest use of bitumen is for making asphalt concrete for road surfaces; this accounts for approximately 85% of the bitumen consumed in the United States. There are about 4,000 asphalt concrete mixing plants in the US, and a similar number in Europe.
thumb|Asphalt concrete is usually place... |
Bitumen | Mastic asphalt | Mastic asphalt
Mastic asphalt is a type of asphalt that differs from dense graded asphalt (asphalt concrete) in that it has a higher bitumen (binder) content, usually around 7–10% of the whole aggregate mix, as opposed to rolled asphalt concrete, which has only around 5% asphalt. This thermoplastic substance is widel... |
Bitumen | Bitumen emulsion | Bitumen emulsion
thumb|Volume-weighted particle size distribution of 2 different asphalt emulsions determined by laser diffraction
Bitumen emulsions are colloidal mixtures of bitumen and water. Due to the different surface tensions of the two liquids, stable emulsions cannot be created simply by mixing. Therefore, va... |
Bitumen | Synthetic crude oil | Synthetic crude oil
Synthetic crude oil, also known as syncrude, is the output from a bitumen upgrader facility used in connection with oil sand production in Canada. Bituminous sands are mined using enormous (100-ton capacity) power shovels and loaded into even larger (400-ton capacity) dump trucks for movement to ... |
Bitumen | Non-upgraded crude bitumen | Non-upgraded crude bitumen
Canadian bitumen does not differ substantially from oils such as Venezuelan extra-heavy and Mexican heavy oil in chemical composition, and the real difficulty is moving the extremely viscous bitumen through oil pipelines to the refinery. Many modern oil refineries are extremely sophisticat... |
Bitumen | Radioactive waste encapsulation matrix | Radioactive waste encapsulation matrix
Bitumen was used starting in the 1960s as a hydrophobic matrix aiming to encapsulate radioactive waste such as medium-activity salts (mainly soluble sodium nitrate and sodium sulfate) produced by the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels or radioactive sludges from sedimentation p... |
Bitumen | Other uses | Other uses
Roofing shingles and roll roofing account for most of the remaining bitumen consumption. Other uses include cattle sprays, fence-post treatments, and waterproofing for fabrics. Bitumen is used to make Japan black, a lacquer known especially for its use on iron and steel, and it is also used in paint and ma... |
Bitumen | Production | Production
thumbnail|right|Typical asphalt plant for making asphalt
About 164,000,000 tons were produced in 2019. It is obtained as the "heavy" (i.e., difficult to distill) fraction. Material with a boiling point greater than around 500°C is considered asphalt. Vacuum distillation separates it from the other componen... |
Bitumen | Oil sands | Oil sands
Naturally occurring crude bitumen impregnated in sedimentary rock is the prime feed stock for petroleum production from "oil sands", currently under development in Alberta, Canada. Canada has most of the world's supply of natural bitumen, covering 140,000 square kilometres (an area larger than England), gi... |
Bitumen | Alternatives and bioasphalt | Alternatives and bioasphalt
Although uncompetitive economically, bitumen can be made from nonpetroleum-based renewable resources such as sugar, molasses and rice, corn and potato starches. Bitumen can also be made from waste material by fractional distillation of used motor oil, which is sometimes otherwise disposed... |
Bitumen | Albanian deposits | Albanian deposits
Selenizza is a naturally occurring solid hydrocarbon bitumen found in native deposits in Selenice, in Albania, the only European asphalt mine still in use. The bitumen is found in the form of veins, filling cracks in a more or less horizontal direction. The bitumen content varies from 83% to 92% (so... |
Bitumen | Recycling | Recycling
Bitumen is a commonly recycled material in the construction industry. The two most common recycled materials that contain bitumen are reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS). RAP is recycled at a greater rate than any other material in the United States, and typically contains ... |
Bitumen | Economics | Economics
Although bitumen typically makes up only 4 to 5 percent (by weight) of the pavement mixture, as the pavement's binder, it is also the most expensive part of the cost of the road-paving material.
During bitumen's early use in modern paving, oil refiners gave it away. However, bitumen is a highly traded comm... |
Bitumen | Health and safety | Health and safety
thumb|An asphalt mixing plant for hot aggregate
People can be exposed to bitumen in the workplace by breathing in fumes or skin absorption. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit of 5mg/m3 over a 15-minute period.
Bitumen is a largely... |
Bitumen | See also | See also
Asphalt plant
Asphaltene
Bioasphalt
Bitumen-based fuel
Bituminous coal
Bituminous rocks
Blacktop
Cariphalte
Duxit
Macadam
Oil sands
Pitch drop experiment
Pitch (resin)
Road surface
Tar
Tarmac
Sealcoat
Stamped asphalt |
Bitumen | Notes | Notes |
Bitumen | References | References |
Bitumen | Sources | Sources
.
|
Bitumen | External links | External links
Pavement Interactive – Asphalt
CSU Sacramento, The World Famous Asphalt Museum!
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health – Asphalt Fumes
Scientific American, "Asphalt", 20 August 1881, pp.121
Category:Amorphous solids
Category:Building materials
Category:Chemical mixtures
Ca... |
Bitumen | Table of Content | short description, Terminology, Etymology, Modern terminology, Composition, Normal composition, Additives, mixtures and contaminants, Occurrence, History, Paleolithic times, Ancient times, Continental Europe, United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Photography and art, Modern use, Global use, Rolled asphalt concrete, Ma... |
American National Standards Institute | Short description | The American National Standards Institute (ANSI ) is a private nonprofit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States. The organization also coordinates U.S. standards with international standards so that Amer... |
American National Standards Institute | History | History
ANSI was most likely formed in 1918, when five engineering societies and three government agencies founded the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC). In 1928, the AESC became the American Standards Association (ASA). In 1966, the ASA was reorganized and became United States of America Standards Inst... |
American National Standards Institute | Members | Members
ANSI's members are government agencies, organizations, academic and international bodies, and individuals. In total,
the Institute represents the interests of more than 270,000 companies and organizations and 30 million professionals worldwide.
ANSI's market-driven, decentralized approach has been criticized ... |
American National Standards Institute | Process | Process
Although ANSI itself does not develop standards, the Institute oversees the development and use of standards by accrediting the procedures of standards developing organizations. ANSI accreditation signifies that the procedures used by standards developing organizations meet the institute's requirements for open... |
American National Standards Institute | International activities | International activities
In addition to facilitating the formation of standards in the United States, ANSI promotes the use of U.S. standards internationally, advocates U.S. policy and technical positions in international and regional standards organizations, and encourages the adoption of international standards as n... |
American National Standards Institute | Standards panels | Standards panels
The Institute administers nine standards panels:Overview. Ansi.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-12.
ANSI Homeland Defense and Security Standardization Collaborative (HDSSC)
ANSI Nanotechnology Standards Panel (ANSI-NSP)
ID Theft Prevention and ID Management Standards Panel (IDSP)
ANSI Energy Efficiency St... |
American National Standards Institute | American national standards | American national standards
The ASA (as for American Standards Association) photographic exposure system, originally defined in ASA Z38.2.1 (since 1943) and ASA PH2.5 (since 1954), together with the DIN system (DIN 4512 since 1934), became the basis for the ISO system (since 1974), currently used worldwide (ISO 6, ISO... |
American National Standards Institute | See also | See also
Accredited Crane Operator Certification
ANSI ASC X9
ANSI ASC X12
ANSI C
Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (IEST)
Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM)
ISO (to which ANSI is the official US representative)
National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
National Institut... |
American National Standards Institute | References | References |
American National Standards Institute | External links | External links
Category:1918 establishments in the United States
Category:501(c)(3) organizations
Category:Charities based in Washington, D.C.
Category:ISO member bodies
Category:Organizations established in 1918
Category:Technical specifications
Category:Standards organizations in the United States
Category:Oc... |
American National Standards Institute | Table of Content | Short description, History, Members, Process, International activities, Standards panels, American national standards, See also, References, External links |
Argument (disambiguation) | Wiktionary | In logic and philosophy, an argument is an attempt to persuade someone of something, or give evidence or reasons for accepting a particular conclusion.
Argument may also refer to: |
Argument (disambiguation) | <span class="anchor" id="Mathematics"></span>Mathematics and computer science | Mathematics and computer science
Argument (complex analysis), a function which returns the polar angle of a complex number
Command-line argument, an item of information provided to a program when it is started
Parameter (computer programming), a piece of data provided as input to a subroutine
Argument principle, a theo... |
Argument (disambiguation) | Language and rhetoric | Language and rhetoric
Argument (literature), a brief summary, often in prose, of a poem or section of a poem or other work
Argument (linguistics), a phrase that appears in a syntactic relationship with the verb in a clause
Oral argument in the United States, a spoken presentation to a judge or appellate court by a lawy... |
Argument (disambiguation) | Other uses | Other uses
Musical argument, a concept in the theory of musical form
Argument (ship), an Australian sloop wrecked in 1809
Das Argument, a German academic journal
Argument Clinic, a Monty Python sketch
A disagreement between two or more parties or the discussion of the disagreement
Argument (horse) |
Argument (disambiguation) | See also | See also
The Argument (disambiguation)
argumentation
|
Argument (disambiguation) | Table of Content | Wiktionary, <span class="anchor" id="Mathematics"></span>Mathematics and computer science, Language and rhetoric, Other uses, See also |
Apollo 11 | Short description | Apollo 11 was a spaceflight conducted from July 16 to 24, 1969, by the United States and launched by NASA. It marked the first time that humans landed on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and Lunar Module Pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module Eagle on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, and Armstrong became the fi... |
Apollo 11 | Background | Background
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the United States was engaged in the Cold War, a geopolitical rivalry with the Soviet Union. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. This surprise success fired fears and imaginations around the world. It demonstrated that... |
Apollo 11 | Personnel | Personnel |
Apollo 11 | Prime crew | Prime crew
The initial crew assignment of Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Jim Lovell, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Buzz Aldrin on the backup crew for Apollo 9 was officially announced on November 20, 1967. Lovell and Aldrin had previously flown together as the crew of Gemini 12. Due to design an... |
Apollo 11 | Backup crew | Backup crew
The backup crew consisted of Lovell as Commander, William Anders as CMP, and Haise as LMP. Anders had flown with Lovell on Apollo 8. In early 1969, Anders accepted a job with the National Aeronautics and Space Council effective August 1969, and announced he would retire as an astronaut at that time. Ken ... |
Apollo 11 | Support crew | Support crew
During Projects Mercury and Gemini, each mission had a prime and a backup crew. For Apollo, a third crew of astronauts was added, known as the support crew. The support crew maintained the flight plan, checklists and mission ground rules, and ensured the prime and backup crews were apprised of changes. ... |
Apollo 11 | Capsule communicators | Capsule communicators
thumb|CAPCOM Charles Duke (left), with backup crewmen Jim Lovell and Fred Haise listening in during Apollo 11's descent
The capsule communicator (CAPCOM) was an astronaut at the Mission Control Center in Houston, Texas, who was the only person who communicated directly with the flight crew. Fo... |
Apollo 11 | Flight directors | Flight directors
The flight directors for this mission were:
+ Apollo 11 flight directors Name Shift Team Activities Clifford E. Charlesworth 1 Green Launch and extravehicular activity (EVA) Gerald D. Griffin 1 Gold Backup for shift 1 Gene Kranz 2 White Lunar landing Glynn Lunney 3 Black Lunar ascent Milton ... |
Apollo 11 | Other key personnel | Other key personnel
Other key personnel who played important roles in the Apollo 11 mission include the following.
+ Other personnel Name Activities Farouk El-Baz Geologist, studied geology of the Moon, identified landing locations, trained pilots Kurt Debus Rocket scientist, supervised construction of launch pads ... |
Apollo 11 | Preparations | Preparations |
Apollo 11 | Insignia | Insignia
thumb|Apollo 11 insignia
The Apollo 11 mission emblem was designed by Collins, who wanted a symbol for "peaceful lunar landing by the United States". At Lovell's suggestion, he chose the bald eagle, the national bird of the United States, as the symbol. Tom Wilson, a simulator instructor, suggested an oliv... |
Apollo 11 | Call signs | Call signs
thumb|Original cockpit of the command module (CM) with three seats, photographed from above. It is located in the National Air and Space Museum, the very high resolution image was produced in 2007 by the Smithsonian Institution.
After the crew of Apollo 10 named their spacecraft Charlie Brown and Snoopy, a... |
Apollo 11 | Mementos | Mementos
thumb|alt=see caption|Apollo 11 space-flown silver Robbins medallion
The astronauts had personal preference kits (PPKs), small bags containing personal items of significance they wanted to take with them on the mission. Five PPKs were carried on Apollo 11: three (one for each astronaut) were stowed on Col... |
Apollo 11 | Site selection | Site selection
NASA's Apollo Site Selection Board announced five potential landing sites on February 8, 1968. These were the result of two years' worth of studies based on high-resolution photography of the lunar surface by the five uncrewed probes of the Lunar Orbiter program and information about surface condition... |
Apollo 11 | First-step decision | First-step decision
During the first press conference after the Apollo 11 crew was announced, the first question was, "Which one of you gentlemen will be the first man to step onto the lunar surface?" Slayton told the reporter it had not been decided, and Armstrong added that it was "not based on individual desire".
... |
Apollo 11 | Pre-launch | Pre-launch
thumb|upright=1.3|left|Saturn V SA-506, the rocket carrying the Apollo 11 spacecraft, moves out of the Vehicle Assembly Building towards Launch Complex 39.
The ascent stage of LM-5 Eagle arrived at the Kennedy Space Center on January 8, 1969, followed by the descent stage four days later, and CSM-107 Col... |
Apollo 11 | Mission | Mission |
Apollo 11 | Launch and flight to lunar orbit | Launch and flight to lunar orbit
alt=|thumb|The Apollo 11 Saturn V space vehicle lifts off with astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, Michael Collins and Edwin E. Aldrin Jr. at 9:32 am. EDT July 16, 1969, from Kennedy Space Center's Launch Complex 39A.
An estimated one million spectators watched the launch of Apollo 11 fro... |
Apollo 11 | Lunar descent | Lunar descent
thumb|upright=1.2|left|Columbia in lunar orbit, photographed from Eagle|alt=The top of the silvery command module is seen over a grey, cratered lunar surface
At 12:52:00 UTC on July 20, Aldrin and Armstrong entered Eagle, and began the final preparations for lunar descent. At 17:44:00 Eagle separated ... |
Apollo 11 | Landing | Landing
thumb|Armstrong pilots Eagle to its landing on the Moon, July 20, 1969.
When Armstrong again looked outside, he saw that the computer's landing target was in a boulder-strewn area just north and east of a crater (later determined to be West crater), so he took semi-automatic control. Armstrong considered lan... |
Apollo 11 | Lunar surface operations | Lunar surface operations
Preparations for Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to walk on the Moon began at 23:43 UTC. These took longer than expected; three and a half hours instead of two. During training on Earth, everything required had been neatly laid out in advance, but on the Moon the cabin contained a large number... |
Apollo 11 | Lunar ascent | Lunar ascent
Aldrin entered Eagle first. With some difficulty the astronauts lifted film and two sample boxes containing of lunar surface material to the LM hatch using a flat cable pulley device called the Lunar Equipment Conveyor (LEC). This proved to be an inefficient tool, and later missions preferred to carry ... |
Apollo 11 | ''Columbia'' in lunar orbit | Columbia in lunar orbit
During his day flying solo around the Moon, Collins never felt lonely. Although it has been said "not since Adam has any human known such solitude", Collins felt very much a part of the mission. In his autobiography he wrote: "this venture has been structured for three men, and I consider my ... |
Apollo 11 | Return | Return
thumb|Eagle ascent stage approaching Columbia
Eagle rendezvoused with Columbia at 21:24 UTC on July 21, and the two docked at 21:35. Eagles ascent stage was jettisoned into lunar orbit at 23:41. Just before the Apollo 12 flight, it was noted that Eagle was still likely to be orbiting the Moon. Later NASA repor... |
Apollo 11 | Splashdown and quarantine | Splashdown and quarantine
thumb|Columbia floats on the ocean as Navy divers assist in retrieving the astronauts.
The aircraft carrier , under the command of Captain Carl J. Seiberlich, was selected as the primary recovery ship (PRS) for Apollo 11 on June 5, replacing its sister ship, the LPH , which had recovered A... |
Apollo 11 | Celebrations | Celebrations
thumb|Ticker tape parade in New York City
On August 13, the three astronauts rode in ticker-tape parades in their honor in New York and Chicago, with an estimated six million attendees. On the same evening in Los Angeles there was an official state dinner to celebrate the flight, attended by members of... |
Apollo 11 | Legacy | Legacy |
Apollo 11 | Cultural significance | Cultural significance
thumb|A girl holding The Washington Post newspaper stating "'The Eagle Has Landed' – Two Men Walk on the Moon"
Humans walking on the Moon and returning safely to Earth accomplished Kennedy's goal set eight years earlier. In Mission Control during the Apollo 11 landing, Kennedy's speech flashed ... |
Apollo 11 | Spacecraft | Spacecraft
thumb|left|Columbia on display in the Milestones of Flight exhibition hall at the National Air and Space Museum
The command module Columbia went on a tour of the United States, visiting 49 state capitals, the District of Columbia, and Anchorage, Alaska. In 1971, it was transferred to the Smithsonian Inst... |
Apollo 11 | Moon rocks | Moon rocks
The main repository for the Apollo Moon rocks is the Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility at the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. For safekeeping, there is also a smaller collection stored at White Sands Test Facility near Las Cruces, New Mexico. Most of the rocks are stored in nitrogen to ke... |
Apollo 11 | Experiment results | Experiment results
The Passive Seismic Experiment ran until the command uplink failed on August 25, 1969. The downlink failed on December 14, 1969. , the Lunar Laser Ranging experiment remains operational. |
Apollo 11 | Moonwalk camera | Moonwalk camera
The Hasselblad camera used during the moonwalk was thought to be lost or left on the Moon surface. |
Apollo 11 | Lunar Module ''Eagle'' memorabilia | Lunar Module Eagle memorabilia
In 2015, after Armstrong died in 2012, his widow contacted the National Air and Space Museum to inform them she had found a white cloth bag in one of Armstrong's closets. The bag contained various items, which should have been left behind in the Lunar Module Eagle, including the 16mm D... |
Apollo 11 | Anniversary events | Anniversary events |
Apollo 11 | <span id="40th anniversary events"></span>40th anniversary | 40th anniversary
thumb|Columbia at the Mary Baker Engen Restoration Hangar
On July 15, 2009, Life.com released a photo gallery of previously unpublished photos of the astronauts taken by Life photographer Ralph Morse prior to the Apollo 11 launch. From July 16 to 24, 2009, NASA streamed the original mission audio on... |
Apollo 11 | 50th anniversary | 50th anniversary
On June 10, 2015, Congressman Bill Posey introduced resolution H.R. 2726 to the 114th session of the United States House of Representatives directing the United States Mint to design and sell commemorative coins in gold, silver and clad for the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission. On January 2... |
Apollo 11 | Films and documentaries | Films and documentaries
Footprints on the Moon, a 1969 documentary film by Bill Gibson and Barry Coe
Moonwalk One, a 1971 documentary film by Theo Kamecke
Apollo 11: As It Happened, a 1994 six-hour documentary on ABC News' coverage of the event
First Man, 2018 film by Damien Chazelle based on the 2005 James R. Ha... |
Apollo 11 | See also | See also
List of species that have landed on the Moon
List of photographs considered the most important |
Apollo 11 | References | References |
Apollo 11 | Notes | Notes |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.