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Anatomy | Table of Content | short description, Etymology and definition, Animal tissues, Connective tissue, Epithelium, Muscle tissue, Nervous tissue, Vertebrate anatomy, Fish anatomy, Amphibian anatomy, Reptile anatomy, Bird anatomy, Mammal anatomy, Human anatomy, Invertebrate anatomy, Arthropod anatomy, Other branches of anatomy, History, Ancie... |
Affirming the consequent | Short description | In propositional logic, affirming the consequent (also known as converse error, fallacy of the converse, or confusion of necessity and sufficiency) is a formal fallacy (or an invalid form of argument) that is committed when, in the context of an indicative conditional statement, it is stated that because the consequent... |
Affirming the consequent | Formal description | Formal description
Affirming the consequent is the action of taking a true statement and invalidly concluding its converse . The name affirming the consequent derives from using the consequent, Q, of , to conclude the antecedent P. This fallacy can be summarized formally as or, alternatively, .Hurley, Patrick J. (201... |
Affirming the consequent | Additional examples | Additional examples
Example 1
One way to demonstrate the invalidity of this argument form is with a counterexample with true premises but an obviously false conclusion. For example:
If someone lives in San Diego, then they live in California.
Joe lives in California.
Therefore, Joe lives in San Diego.
There are ma... |
Affirming the consequent | References | References
Category:Formal fallacies |
Affirming the consequent | Table of Content | Short description, Formal description, Additional examples, References |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Short description | Andrei Arsenyevich Tarkovsky (, ; 4 April 1932 // Большая российская энциклопедия. Том 31. Москва, 2016, с. 674. – 29 December 1986) was a Soviet film director and screenwriter of Russian origin. He is widely considered one of the greatest directors in cinema history. His films explore spiritual and metaphysical themes... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Life and career | Life and career |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Childhood and early life | Childhood and early life
Andrei Tarkovsky was born in the village of Zavrazhye in the Yuryevetsky District of the Ivanovo Industrial Oblast (modern-day Kadyysky District of the Kostroma Oblast, Russia) to the poet and translator Arseny Aleksandrovich Tarkovsky, a native of Yelysavethrad (now Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine), an... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Film school student | Film school student
Upon returning from the research expedition in 1954, Tarkovsky applied at the State Institute of Cinematography (VGIK) and was admitted to the film-directing program. He was in the same class as Irma Raush (Irina) whom he married in April 1957.
The early Khrushchev era offered good opportunities fo... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Film career in the Soviet Union | Film career in the Soviet Union
Tarkovsky's first feature film was Ivan's Childhood in 1962. He had inherited the film from director Eduard Abalov, who had to abort the project. The film earned Tarkovsky international acclaim and won the Golden Lion award at the Venice Film Festival in the year 1962. In the same year, ... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Film career outside the Soviet Union | Film career outside the Soviet Union
During the summer of 1979, Tarkovsky traveled to Italy, where he shot the documentary Voyage in Time together with his long-time friend Tonino Guerra. Tarkovsky returned to Italy in 1980 for an extended trip, during which he and Guerra completed the script for the film Nostalghia. D... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Death | Death
thumb|Andrei and Larisa Tarkovsky's grave, Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois Russian Cemetery in France
In Tarkovsky's last diary entry (15 December 1986), he wrote: "But now I have no strength left—that is the problem". The diaries are sometimes also known as Martyrology and were published posthumously in 1989 and in En... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Influences and thoughts on film | Influences and thoughts on film
Tarkovsky became a film director during the mid and late 1950s, a period referred to as the Khrushchev Thaw, during which Soviet society opened to foreign films, literature and music, among other things. This allowed Tarkovsky to see films of European, American and Japanese directors, an... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Cinematic style | Cinematic style
In a 1962 interview, Tarkovsky argued: "All art, of course, is intellectual, but for me, all the arts, and cinema even more so, must above all be emotional and act upon the heart." His films are characterized by metaphysical themes, extremely long takes, and images often considered by critics to be of e... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Vadim Yusov | Vadim Yusov
Tarkovsky worked in close collaboration with cinematographer Vadim Yusov from 1958 to 1972, and much of the visual style of Tarkovsky's films can be attributed to this collaboration. Tarkovsky would spend two days preparing for Yusov to film a single long take, and due to the preparation, usually only a sin... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Sven Nykvist | Sven Nykvist
In his last film, The Sacrifice, Tarkovsky worked with cinematographer Sven Nykvist, who had worked on many films with director Ingmar Bergman. (Nykvist was not alone: several people involved in the production had previously collaborated with Bergman, notably lead actor Erland Josephson, who had also acted... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Filmography | Filmography
Tarkovsky is mainly known as a film director. During his career he directed seven feature films, as well as three shorts from his time at VGIK. His features are:
Ivan's Childhood (1962)
Andrei Rublev (1966)
Solaris (1972)
Mirror (1975)
Stalker (1979)
Nostalghia (1983)
The Sacrifice (1986)
He also w... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Publications | Publications
Sculpting in Time. University of Texas Press, 1986. .
Time Within Time: The Diaries 1970–1986. Seagull, 1989. . Translated by Kitty Hunter-Blair.
Collected Screenplays. London: Faber & Faber, 2003. .
Instant Light, Tarkovsky Polaroids. London: Thames and Hudson, 2006. . A book of 60 photographs taken b... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Unproduced screenplays | Unproduced screenplays |
Andrei Tarkovsky | ''Concentrate'' | Concentrate
Concentrate (, Kontsentrat) is a never-filmed 1958 screenplay by Tarkovsky. The screenplay is based on Tarkovsky's year in the taiga as a member of a research expedition, prior to his enrollment in film school. It's about the leader of a geological expedition, who waits for the boat that brings back the con... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | ''Hoffmanniana'' | Hoffmanniana
Hoffmanniana () is a never-filmed 1974 screenplay by Tarkovsky. The screenplay is based on the life and work of German author E. T. A. Hoffmann. In 1974, an acquaintance from Tallinnfilm approached Tarkovsky to write a screenplay on a German theme. Tarkovsky considered Thomas Mann and E. T. A. Hoffmann, a... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Films about Tarkovsky | Films about Tarkovsky
Voyage in Time (1983): documents the travels in Italy of Andrei Tarkovsky in preparation for the making of his film Nostalghia, co-directed with Tonino Guerra.
Tarkovsky: A Poet in the Cinema (1984): directed by Donatella Baglivo.
Moscow Elegy (1987), a documentary/homage to Tarkovsky by Aleksa... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Awards and commemoration | Awards and commemoration
Numerous awards were bestowed on Tarkovsky throughout his lifetime.
At the Venice Film Festival, the Golden Lion of the for Ivan's Childhood
thumb|Russian stamp, 2007At the Cannes Film Festival, the FIPRESCI prize three times, the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury three times (more than any other... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Reception and legacy | Reception and legacy
Andrei Tarkovsky and his works have received praise from many filmmakers, critics and thinkers.
The Swedish filmmaker Ingmar Bergman was quoted as saying: "Tarkovsky for me is the greatest [of us all], the one who invented a new language, true to the nature of film, as it captures life as a reflec... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Film festival | Film festival
Two film festivals have been named in his honor:
International Human Rights Film Festival "Stalker", named after the film held annually in Moscow and regional centres since 1995
International Film Festival "Zerkalo" named after Andrei Tarkovsky (meaning "mirror"), "for fans of intellectual cinema"; als... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | See also | See also
European art cinema
Slow cinema
Moscow International Film Festival |
Andrei Tarkovsky | References | References |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Bibliography | Bibliography
Schmidt, Stefan W. (2016). "Somatography and Film: Nostalgia as Haunting Memory Shown in Tarkovsky's Nostalghia." Journal of Aesthetics and Phenomenology, 3 (1): 27–41. Somatography and Film: Nostalgia as Haunting Memory Shown in Tarkovsky's Nostalghia.
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Andrei Tarkovsky | Notes | Notes |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Further reading | Further reading
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Andrei Tarkovsky | External links | External links
Andrei Tarkovsky at Senses of Cinema
Website about Andrei Tarkovsky, Films, Articles, Interviews
Andrei Tarkovsky: Biography wrestles with the filmmaker's remarkable life
Nostalghia.com - An Andrei Tarkovsky Information Site, at Film Studies Program in the Department of Communication and Culture... |
Andrei Tarkovsky | Table of Content | Short description, Life and career, Childhood and early life, Film school student, Film career in the Soviet Union, Film career outside the Soviet Union, Death, Influences and thoughts on film, Cinematic style, Vadim Yusov, Sven Nykvist, Filmography, Publications, Unproduced screenplays, ''Concentrate'', ''Hoffmanniana... |
Ambiguity | Short description | thumb|250px|alt=Drawing of the back an anthropomorphic caterpillar, seated on a toadstool amid grass and flowers, blowing smoke from a hookah; a blonde girl in an old-fashioned frock is standing on tiptoe to peer at the caterpillar over the toadstool's edge|Sir John Tenniel's illustration of the Caterpillar for Lewis C... |
Ambiguity | Linguistic forms | Linguistic forms
Lexical ambiguity is contrasted with semantic ambiguity. The former represents a choice between a finite number of known and meaningful context-dependent interpretations. The latter represents a choice between any number of possible interpretations, none of which may have a standard agreed-upon meani... |
Ambiguity | Lexical ambiguity | Lexical ambiguity
The lexical ambiguity of a word or phrase applies to it having more than one meaning in the language to which the word belongs. "Meaning" here refers to whatever should be represented by a good dictionary. For instance, the word "bank" has several distinct lexical definitions, including "financial i... |
Ambiguity | Semantic and syntactic ambiguity | Semantic and syntactic ambiguity
thumb|Which is wet: the food, or the cat?
Semantic ambiguity occurs when a word, phrase or sentence, taken out of context, has more than one interpretation. In "We saw her duck" (example due to Richard Nordquist), the words "her duck" can refer either
to the person's bird (the noun "... |
Ambiguity | Philosophy | Philosophy
Philosophers (and other users of logic) spend a lot of time and effort searching for and removing (or intentionally adding) ambiguity in arguments because it can lead to incorrect conclusions and can be used to deliberately conceal bad arguments. For example, a politician might say, "I oppose taxes which h... |
Ambiguity | Literature and rhetoric | Literature and rhetoric
In literature and rhetoric, ambiguity can be a useful tool. Groucho Marx's classic joke depends on a grammatical ambiguity for its humor, for example: "Last night I shot an elephant in my pajamas. How he got in my pajamas, I'll never know". Songs and poetry often rely on ambiguous words for ar... |
Ambiguity | Mathematical notation | Mathematical notation
Mathematical notation is a helpful tool that eliminates a lot of misunderstandings associated with natural language in physics and other sciences. Nonetheless, there are still some inherent ambiguities due to lexical, syntactic, and semantic reasons that persist in mathematical notation. |
Ambiguity | Names of functions | Names of functions
The ambiguity in the style of writing a function should not be confused with a multivalued function, which can (and should) be defined in a deterministic and unambiguous way. Several special functions still do not have established notations. Usually, the conversion to another notation requires to s... |
Ambiguity | Expressions | Expressions
Ambiguous expressions often appear in physical and mathematical texts.
It is common practice to omit multiplication signs in mathematical expressions. Also, it is common to give the same name to a variable and a function, for example, Then, if one sees there is no way to distinguish whether it means mu... |
Ambiguity | Examples of potentially confusing ambiguous mathematical expressions | Examples of potentially confusing ambiguous mathematical expressions
An expression such as can be understood to mean either or Often the author's intention can be understood from the context, in cases where only one of the two makes sense, but an ambiguity like this should be avoided, for example by writing
The ... |
Ambiguity | Notations in quantum optics and quantum mechanics | Notations in quantum optics and quantum mechanics
It is common to define the coherent states in quantum optics with and states with fixed number of photons with Then, there is an "unwritten rule": the state is coherent if there are more Greek characters than Latin characters in the argument, and -photon state if th... |
Ambiguity | Ambiguous terms in physics and mathematics | Ambiguous terms in physics and mathematics
Some physical quantities do not yet have established notations; their value (and sometimes even dimension, as in the case of the Einstein coefficients), depends on the system of notations. Many terms are ambiguous. Each use of an ambiguous term should be preceded by the defi... |
Ambiguity | Mathematical interpretation of ambiguity | Mathematical interpretation of ambiguity
The Necker cube and impossible cube, an underdetermined and overdetermined object, respectively.|thumb
In mathematics and logic, ambiguity can be considered to be an instance of the logical concept of underdetermination—for example, leaves open what the value of is—while ove... |
Ambiguity | Constructed language | Constructed language
Some languages have been created with the intention of avoiding ambiguity, especially lexical ambiguity. Lojban and Loglan are two related languages that have been created for this, focusing chiefly on syntactic ambiguity as well. The languages can be both spoken and written. These languages are ... |
Ambiguity | Biology | Biology
In structural biology, ambiguity has been recognized as a problem for studying protein conformations. The analysis of a protein three-dimensional structure consists in dividing the macromolecule into subunits called domains. The difficulty of this task arises from the fact that different definitions of what a... |
Ambiguity | Christianity and Judaism | Christianity and Judaism
Christianity and Judaism employ the concept of paradox synonymously with "ambiguity". Many Christians and Jews endorse Rudolf Otto's description of the sacred as 'mysterium tremendum et fascinans', the awe-inspiring mystery that fascinates humans. The apocryphal Book of Judith is noted for th... |
Ambiguity | Music | Music
In music, pieces or sections that confound expectations and may be or are interpreted simultaneously in different ways are ambiguous, such as some polytonality, polymeter, other ambiguous meters or rhythms, and ambiguous phrasing, or (Stein 2005, p. 79) any aspect of music. The music of Africa is often purposel... |
Ambiguity | Visual art | Visual art
thumb|This image can be interpreted three ways: as the letters "K B", as the mathematical inequality "1 < 13", or as the letters "V D" with their mirror image.
In visual art, certain images are visually ambiguous, such as the Necker cube, which can be interpreted in two ways. Perceptions of such objects re... |
Ambiguity | Social psychology and the bystander effect | Social psychology and the bystander effect
In social psychology, ambiguity is a factor used in determining peoples' responses to various situations. High levels of ambiguity in an emergency (e.g. an unconscious man lying on a park bench) make witnesses less likely to offer any sort of assistance, due to the fear that... |
Ambiguity | Computer science | Computer science
In computer science, the SI prefixes kilo-, mega- and giga- were historically used in certain contexts to mean either the first three powers of 1024 (1024, 10242 and 10243) contrary to the metric system in which these units unambiguously mean one thousand, one million, and one billion. This usage is ... |
Ambiguity | See also | See also |
Ambiguity | References | References |
Ambiguity | External links | External links
Collection of Ambiguous or Inconsistent/Incomplete Statements
Leaving out ambiguities when writing
Category:Semantics
Category:Mathematical notation
Category:Concepts in epistemology
Category:Formal semantics (natural language) |
Ambiguity | Table of Content | Short description, Linguistic forms, Lexical ambiguity, Semantic and syntactic ambiguity, Philosophy, Literature and rhetoric, Mathematical notation, Names of functions, Expressions, Examples of potentially confusing ambiguous mathematical expressions, Notations in quantum optics and quantum mechanics, Ambiguous terms ... |
Abel | short description | Abel ( Hébel, in pausa Hā́ḇel; Hábel; , Hābēl) is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis within the Abrahamic religions. Born as the second son of Adam and Eve, the first two humans created by God, he was a shepherd who offered his firstborn flock to God as a religious offering. God accepted Abel's offering but not... |
Abel | Life and death | Life and death |
Abel | Interpretations | Interpretations |
Abel | Jewish and Christian interpretations | Jewish and Christian interpretations
According to the narrative in Genesis, Abel is Eve's second son. His name in Hebrew is composed of the same three consonants as a root meaning "the air that remains after you exhale" also synonymous in Hebrew to "nothing", as stated in Ecclesiastes. Julius Wellhausen has proposed th... |
Abel | Sethian Gnostic interpretation | Sethian Gnostic interpretation
In the Apocryphon of John, a work belonging to Sethian Gnosticism, Abel is the offspring of Yaldaboath and Eve, who is placed over the elements of water and earth as Elohim, but was only given his name as a form of deception. |
Abel | {{anchor | Mandaean interpretation
According to Mandaean beliefs and scriptures including the Qulasta, the Book of John and Genzā Rabbā, Abel is cognate with the angelic soteriological figure Hibil Ziwa, (, sometimes translated "Splendid Hibel"), who is spoken of as a son of Hayyi or of Manda d-Hayyi, and as a brother to Anush (... |
Abel | Islamic interpretation | Islamic interpretation
thumb|Grave of Abel within the Nabi Habeel Mosque
thumb|The Mausoleum of Abel in the Nabi Habeel Mosque
According to Shi'a Muslim belief, Abel ("Habeel") is buried in the Nabi Habeel Mosque, located on the west mountains of Damascus, near the Zabadani Valley, overlooking the villages of the Bara... |
Abel | In modern media | In modern media
Abel is portrayed by Franco Nero in the film The Bible: In the Beginning... (1966).
Paul Rudd played the role of Abel in the 2009 film Year One.
In the SCP series, an anomaly named Able with the codename SCP-076 is based on Abel.
In Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Survivor, the main character Kazuya is ... |
Abel | Notes | Notes |
Abel | References | References
Category:Biblical murder victims
Category:Book of Genesis people
Category:Children of Adam and Eve
Category:Shepherds
Category:Uthras |
Abel | Table of Content | short description, Life and death, Interpretations, Jewish and Christian interpretations, Sethian Gnostic interpretation, {{anchor, Islamic interpretation, In modern media, Notes, References |
Animal (disambiguation) | wiktionary | An animal is a multicellular, eukaryotic organism of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa.
Animal, Animals, or The Animal may also refer to: |
Animal (disambiguation) | People | People
The Animal (nickname), a list of people nicknamed "The Animal" or "Animal"
Animal Hamaguchi, a ring name of Japanese retired professional wrestler Heigo Hamaguchi (born 1947)
Road Warrior Animal or Animal, ring names of American professional wrestler Joseph Michael Laurinaitis (1960–2020) |
Animal (disambiguation) | Books and publications | Books and publications
Animal (book), full title Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to The World's WildLife
Animal, 2012 novel by K'wan Foye
Animal (journal), full title: Animal: An International Journal of Animal Bioscience
Animals (novel), a 2014 novel by Emma Jane Unsworth |
Animal (disambiguation) | Film and television | Film and television |
Animal (disambiguation) | Films | Films
Animal (1977 film), a French film (L'Animal) starring Jean-Paul Belmondo and Raquel Welch
Animals (1998 film), an American film starring Tim Roth and Rod Steiger
Animal (2001 film), an Argentine comedy film by Sergio Bizzio with Carlos Roffé
Animal (2005 film), an American direct-to-video action drama film st... |
Animal (disambiguation) | Television | Television
Animal (TV series), an American nature documentary series
Animals (American TV series), a 2016–2018 animated series
Animals (South Korean TV series), a 2015 reality-variety show
"Animals" (Brass Eye), a 1997 episode
"Animals" (The Goodies), a 1980 episode
"Animals" (Men Behaving Badly), a 1992 episode
... |
Animal (disambiguation) | Characters | Characters
Animal (Muppet), a character from the television series The Muppet Show
Animal, a character in the television series Takeshi's Castle
Animal, played by Ken Hudson Campbell, a character on the TV sitcom Herman's Head
Dennis "Animal" Price, a character on the TV series Lou Grant |
Animal (disambiguation) | Music | Music
The Animals, a British rock band
A.N.I.M.A.L., an Argentine heavy metal band
Animal (Nick Culmer) lead singer of the Anti-Nowhere League |
Animal (disambiguation) | Albums | Albums
Animal (Animosity album), 2007
Animal (Bar-Kays album), 1989
Animal (Big Scary album), 2016
Animal (Kesha album), 2010
Animal (Lump album), 2021
Animal (María Becerra album), 2021
Animal (Motor Ace album), 2005
Animal (Shining album), 2018
Animals (Pink Floyd album), 1977
Animals (This Town Needs Guns ... |
Animal (disambiguation) | EPs | EPs
Animals (EP) by Ryan Starx, 2013
Animal, a 2015 EP by Hidden in Plain View
A.N.I.M.A.L, a 2019 EP by John Newman |
Animal (disambiguation) | Songs | Songs |
Animal (disambiguation) | "Animal" | "Animal"
"Animal" (Álvaro Soler song), 2017
"Animal" (Conor Maynard song), 2013
"Animal" (Def Leppard song), 1987
"Animal" (Jebediah song), 1999
"Animal" (Juvenile song), 2006
"Animal" (María Becerra and Cazzu song), 2022
"Animal" (Miike Snow song), 2009
"Animal" (Neon Trees song), 2010
"Animal" (Pearl Jam song), 1994
... |
Animal (disambiguation) | "Animals" | "Animals"
"Animals" (Architects song), 2020
"Animals" (Kevin Ayers song), 1980
"Animals" (Maroon 5 song), 2014
"Animals" (Martin Garrix song), 2013
"Animals" (Muse song), 2012
"Animals" (Nickelback song), 2005
"Animals", by CocoRosie from The Adventures of Ghosthorse and Stillborn, 2007
"Animals", by Coldplay as one ... |
Animal (disambiguation) | "The Animal" | "The Animal"
"The Animal" (song), by Disturbed, 2010
"The Animal", by Steve Vai from Passion and Warfare, 1990 |
Animal (disambiguation) | Other uses | Other uses
ANIMAL (computer worm), an early self-replicating computer program
ANIMAL (image processing), an interactive software environment for image processing
Operation Animals, a World War II Allied deception operation in Greece
Animals (Israeli organization), an animal rights group based in Israel |
Animal (disambiguation) | See also | See also
Animals, Animals, Animals, an American educational television series (1976–1981) |
Animal (disambiguation) | Table of Content | wiktionary, People, Books and publications, Film and television, Films, Television, Characters, Music, Albums, EPs, Songs, "Animal", "Animals", "The Animal", Other uses, See also |
Aardvark | Short description | thumb|Skeleton of an aardvark
Aardvarks ( ; Orycteropus afer) are medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammals native to Africa."Aardvark, n." Dictionary of South African English. Dictionary Unit for South African English, 2018. 26 February 2019. Aardvarks are the only living species of the family Orycteropodidae and the... |
Aardvark | Name and taxonomy | Name and taxonomy |
Aardvark | Name | Name
The aardvark is sometimes colloquially called the "African ant bear", "anteater" (not to be confused with the South American anteaters), or the "Cape anteater" after the Cape of Good Hope.
The name "aardvark" is Afrikaans () and comes from earlier Afrikaans . It means "earth pig" or "ground pig" (: , : ), becau... |
Aardvark | Taxonomy | Taxonomy
thumb|Skull of an aardvark
The aardvark is not closely related to the pig; rather, it is the sole extant representative of the obscure mammalian order Tubulidentata, in which it is usually considered to form one variable species of the genus Orycteropus, the sole surviving genus in the family Orycteropodidae... |
Aardvark | Evolutionary history | Evolutionary history
Based on his study of fossils, Bryan Patterson has concluded that early relatives of the aardvark appeared in Africa around the end of the Paleocene. The ptolemaiidans, a mysterious clade of mammals with uncertain affinities, may actually be stem-aardvarks, either as a sister clade to Tubulidenta... |
Aardvark | Subspecies | Subspecies
The aardvark has seventeen poorly defined subspecies listed:
Orycteropus afer afer (Southern aardvark)
O. a. adametzi Grote, 1921 (Western aardvark)
O. a. aethiopicus Sundevall, 1843
O. a. angolensis Zukowsky & Haltenorth, 1957
O. a. erikssoni Lönnberg, 1906
O. a. faradjius Hatt, 1932
O. a. haus... |
Aardvark | Description | Description
thumb|Strong forelimb of aardvark
The aardvark is vaguely pig-like in appearance. Its body is stout with a prominently arched back and is sparsely covered with coarse hairs. The limbs are of moderate length, with the rear legs being longer than the forelegs. The front feet have lost the pollex (or 'thum... |
Aardvark | Head | Head
The greatly elongated head is set on a short, thick neck, and the end of the snout bears a disc, which houses the nostrils. It contains a thin but complete zygomatic arch. The head of the aardvark contains many unique and different features. One of the most distinctive characteristics of the Tubulidentata is their... |
Aardvark | Digestive system | Digestive system
The aardvark's stomach has a muscular pyloric area that acts as a gizzard to grind swallowed food up, thereby rendering chewing unnecessary. Its cecum is large. Both sexes emit a strong smelling secretion from an anal gland. Its salivary glands are highly developed and almost completely ring the neck; ... |
Aardvark | Habitat and range | Habitat and range
Aardvarks are found in sub-Saharan Africa, where suitable habitat (savannas, grasslands, woodlands and bushland) and food (i.e., ants and termites) is available. They spend the daylight hours in dark burrows to avoid the heat of the day. The only major habitat that they are not present in is swamp for... |
Aardvark | Ecology and behaviour | Ecology and behaviour
thumb|upright|right|Aardvark resting
thumb|right|Entrance to a burrow
thumb|right|Emerging from a burrow
Aardvarks live for up to 23 years in captivity. Its keen hearing warns it of predators: lions, leopards, cheetahs, African wild dogs, hyenas, and pythons. Some humans also hunt aardvarks for me... |
Aardvark | Feeding | Feeding
left|thumb|The unusual cross-walk gait of the aardvark
The aardvark is nocturnal and is a solitary creature that feeds almost exclusively on ants and termites (myrmecophagy); studies in the Nama Karoo revealed that ants, especially Anoplolepis custodiens, were the predominant prey year-round, followed by term... |
Aardvark | Vocalisation | Vocalisation
The aardvark is a rather quiet animal. However, it does make soft grunting sounds as it forages and loud grunts as it makes for its tunnel entrance. It makes a bleating sound if frightened. When it is threatened it will make for one of its burrows. If one is not close it will dig a new one rapidly. This ne... |
Aardvark | Movement | Movement
The aardvark is known to be a good swimmer and has been witnessed successfully swimming in strong currents. It can dig a yard of tunnel in about five minutes, but otherwise moves fairly slowly.
When leaving the burrow at night, they pause at the entrance for about ten minutes, sniffing and listening. After th... |
Aardvark | Reproduction | Reproduction
thumb|right|Aardvark mother and young
It is believed to exhibit polygamous breeding behavior. During mating, the male secures himself to the female's back using his claws, which can occasionally result in noticeable scratches. Males play no role on parental care.
Aardvarks pair only during the breeding se... |