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Aspect ratio | Rectangles | Rectangles
For a rectangle, the aspect ratio denotes the ratio of the width to the height of the rectangle. A square has the smallest possible aspect ratio of 1:1.
Examples:
4:3 = 1.: Some (not all) 20th century computer monitors (VGA, XGA, etc.), standard-definition television
: international paper sizes (ISO 216)... |
Aspect ratio | Ellipses | Ellipses
For an ellipse, the aspect ratio denotes the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis. An ellipse with an aspect ratio of 1:1 is a circle.
center|500px |
Aspect ratio | Aspect ratios of general shapes | Aspect ratios of general shapes
In geometry, there are several alternative definitions to aspect ratios of general compact sets in a d-dimensional space:
The diameter-width aspect ratio (DWAR) of a compact set is the ratio of its diameter to its width. A circle has the minimal DWAR which is 1. A square has a DWAR of .... |
Aspect ratio | Notations | Notations
Aspect ratios are mathematically expressed as x:y (pronounced "x-to-y").
Cinematographic aspect ratios are usually denoted as a (rounded) decimal multiple of width vs unit height, while photographic and videographic aspect ratios are usually defined and denoted by whole number ratios of width to height. In d... |
Aspect ratio | See also | See also
Axial ratio
Ratio
Equidimensional ratios in 3D
List of film formats
Squeeze mapping
Scale (ratio)
Vertical orientation |
Aspect ratio | References | References
Category:Ratios |
Aspect ratio | Table of Content | Short description, Applications and uses, Aspect ratios of simple shapes, Rectangles, Ellipses, Aspect ratios of general shapes, Notations, See also, References |
Auto racing | short description | Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition. In North America, the term is commonly used to describe all forms of automobile sport including non-racing disciplines.
Auto racing has existed since the invention of the auto... |
Auto racing | History | History
thumb|Albert Lemaître classified first in his Peugeot Type 5 3hp in the Paris–Rouen.
thumb|Fernand Gabriel driving a Mors in Paris-Madrid 1903
thumb|A remaining section of the Brooklands track in 2007
The first prearranged match race of two self-powered road vehicles over a prescribed route occurred at 4:30 A... |
Auto racing | Categories | Categories |
Auto racing | Open-wheel racing | Open-wheel racing
thumb|Fernando Alonso driving the Ferrari 150º Italia at Sepang International Circuit
thumb|The Dallara DW12 IndyCar driven by Pippa Mann during practice for the 2019 Indianapolis 500
thumb|Formula Three car racing at the Hockenheimring, 2008
thumb|The 2017 Formula Student electric race-car of the De... |
Auto racing | Touring car racing | Touring car racing
thumb|Opening lap of 2012 WTCC Race of Japan
Touring car racing is a style of road racing that is run with production-derived four-seat race cars. The lesser use of aerodynamics means following cars have a much easier time following and passing than in open-wheel racing. It often features full-cont... |
Auto racing | Sports car racing | Sports car racing
thumb|FIA GT1 at Silverstone in 2011
thumb|The Audi R18, a Le Mans Prototype car, during an endurance race
In sports car racing, production-derived versions of two-seat sports cars, also known as grand tourers (GTs), and purpose-built sports prototype cars compete within their respective classes on ... |
Auto racing | Production-car racing | Production-car racing
Production-car racing, otherwise known as "showroom stock" in the US, is an economical and rules-restricted version of touring-car racing, mainly used to restrict costs. Numerous production racing categories are based on particular makes of cars.
Most series, with a few exceptions, follow the Gr... |
Auto racing | Stock car racing | Stock car racing
thumb|NASCAR green flag start at Daytona International Speedway for the 2015 Daytona 500
thumb|Jimmie Johnson leads the field racing three-wide multiple rows back at Daytona International Speedway in the 2015 Daytona 500.
thumb|An ASA Late Model Series stock car on an asphalt track
In North America, s... |
Auto racing | One-make racing | One-make racing
One-make, or single marque, championships often employ production-based cars from a single manufacturer or even a single model from a manufacturer's range. There are numerous notable one-make formulae from various countries and regions, some of which – such as the Porsche Supercup and, previously, IROC... |
Auto racing | Drag racing | Drag racing
thumb|Jet-propelled dragster in Tarlton, Gauteng, South Africa
thumb|Two modified AMCs launching at a dragstrip
In drag racing, the objective is to complete a given straight-line distance, from a standing start, ahead of a vehicle in a parallel lane. This distance is traditionally , though and are also ... |
Auto racing | Off-road racing | Off-road racing
thumb|Rod Hall in a Hummer H3 during a Best in the Desert race
In off-road racing, various classes of specially modified vehicles, including cars, compete in races through off-road environments. In North America these races often take place in the desert, such as the famous Baja 1000. Another format f... |
Auto racing | Kart racing | Kart racing
thumb|A sprint kart race in Atwater California hosted by the International Karting Federation
The modern kart was invented by Art Ingels, a fabricator at the Indianapolis-car manufacturer Kurtis-Kraft, in Southern California in 1956. Ingels took a small chainsaw engine and mounted it to a simple tube-frame... |
Auto racing | Historical racing | Historical racing
thumb|Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca, Monterey, 2008
Historic motorsport or vintage motorsport uses vehicles limited to a particular era. Only safety precautions are modernized in these hobbyist races. A historical event can be of various types of motorsport disciplines, from road racing to rallying. Beca... |
Auto racing | Other categories | Other categories |
Auto racing | Scoring | Scoring
Each motor racing series has a points system, and a set of rules and regulations that define how points are accrued. Nearly all series award points according to the finishing position of the competitors in each race. Some series only award points for a certain number of finishing positions. In Formula One, for... |
Auto racing | Use of flags | Use of flags
In many types of auto races, particularly those held on closed courses, flags are displayed to indicate the general status of the track and to communicate instructions to competitors. While individual series have different rules, and the flags have changed from the first years (e.g., red used to start a r... |
Auto racing | Accidents | Accidents
The worst accident in racing history is the 1955 Le Mans disaster, where more than 80 people died, including the French driver Pierre Levegh. |
Auto racing | Racing-car setup | Racing-car setup
In auto racing, the racing setup or car setup is the set of adjustments made to the vehicle to optimize its behaviour (performance, handling, reliability, etc.). Adjustments can occur in suspensions, brakes, transmissions, engines, tires, and many others. |
Auto racing | Aerodynamics | Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics and airflow play big roles in the setup of a race car. Aerodynamic downforce improves the race car's handling by lowering the center of gravity and distributing the weight of the car equally on each tire. Once this is achieved, fuel consumption decreases and the forces against the car are sign... |
Auto racing | Suspension | Suspension
Suspension plays a huge part in giving the race car the ability to be driven optimally. Shocks are mounted vertically or horizontally to prevent the body from rolling in the corners. The suspension is important because it makes the car stable and easier to control and keeps the tires on the road when driving... |
Auto racing | Tyres | Tyres
Tyres called R-Compounds are commonly used in motorsports for high amounts of traction. The soft rubber allows them to expand when they are heated up, making more surface area on the pavement, therefore producing the most traction. These types of tyres do not have grooves on them. Tyre pressure is dependent on th... |
Auto racing | Brakes | Brakes
Brakes on a race car are imperative in slowing and stopping the car at precise times and wear quickly depending on the road or track on which the car is being raced, how many laps are being run, track conditions due to weather, and how many caution runs require more braking. There are three variables to consider... |
Auto racing | Engine | Engine
The race car's engine needs a considerable amount of air to produce maximum power. The air intake manifold sucks the air from scoops on the hood and front bumper and feeds it into the engine. Many engine modifications to increase horsepower and efficiency are commonly used in many racing-sanctioning bodies. Engi... |
Auto racing | Racing drivers | Racing drivers
thumb|right|Formula One racing drivers Max Verstappen (left), Daniel Ricciardo (center), and Nico Rosberg (right) celebrate on the podium of the 2016 Malaysian Grand Prix
Racing drivers, at the highest levels, can be paid by the team, or by sponsors, and can command substantial salaries. Drivers who pay... |
Auto racing | See also | See also
Outline of auto racing
List of auto racing tracks
Motorcycle racing
Race track
List of auto racing films
Racing video game |
Auto racing | References | References |
Auto racing | External links | External links
Sanctioning bodies
Motorsports UK Association
American Le Mans Series (ALMS)
Indy Racing League (IRL)
Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA)
Grand American Road Racing Association
International Conference of Sports Car Clubs (ICSCC)
International Hot Rod Association (IHRA)
Internati... |
Auto racing | Table of Content | short description, History, Categories, Open-wheel racing, Touring car racing, Sports car racing, Production-car racing, Stock car racing, One-make racing, Drag racing, Off-road racing, Kart racing, Historical racing, Other categories, Scoring, Use of flags, Accidents, Racing-car setup, Aerodynamics, Suspension, Tyres,... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Short description | thumb|alt=A two-colored flag, split diagonally, with yellow at the top and black at the bottom|The black and gold flag, a symbol of anarchism (black) and capitalism (gold) which according to Murray Rothbard was first flown in 1963 in ColoradoRothbard, Murray N., The Betrayal of the American Right (2007): 188 and is al... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Classification | Classification
Anarcho-capitalism developed from Austrian School-neoliberalism and individualist anarchism.. Retrieved 20 June 2020. Almost all anarchist movements do not consider anarcho-capitalism to be anarchist because it lacks the historically central anti-capitalist emphasis of anarchism. They also argue that ... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Philosophy | Philosophy
thumb|Murray Rothbard (1926–1995), who is credited with coining the words anarcho-capitalist and anarcho-capitalism.|alt=Murray Rothbard in the 1970s
Author J Michael Oliver says that during the 1960s, a philosophical movement arose in the US that championed "reason, ethical egoism, and free-market capita... |
Anarcho-capitalism | On the state | On the state
Anarcho-capitalists oppose the state and seek to privatize any useful service the government presently provides, such as education, infrastructure, or the enforcement of law. They see capitalism and the "free market" as the basis for a free and prosperous society. Murray Rothbard stated that the differen... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Non-aggression principle | Non-aggression principle
Writer Stanisław Wójtowicz says that although anarcho-capitalists are against centralized states, they believe that all people would naturally share and agree to a specific moral theory based on the non-aggression principle. While the Friedmanian formulation of anarcho-capitalism is robust to... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Property | Property |
Anarcho-capitalism | Private property | Private property
Anarcho-capitalists postulate the privatization of everything, including cities with all their infrastructures, public spaces, streets and urban management systems.
Central to Rothbardian anarcho-capitalism are the concepts of self-ownership and original appropriation that combines personal and priv... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Common property | Common property
As opposed to socialist anarchists, most anarcho-capitalists reject the commons. However, some of them propose that non-state public or community property can also exist in an anarcho-capitalist society. For anarcho-capitalists, what is important is that it is "acquired" and transferred without help o... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Intellectual property | Intellectual property
Some anarcho-capitalists strongly oppose intellectual property (i.e., trademarks, patents, copyrights). Stephan N. Kinsella argues that ownership only relates to tangible assets. |
Anarcho-capitalism | Contractual society | Contractual society
The society envisioned by anarcho-capitalists has been labelled by them as a "contractual society" which Rothbard described as "a society based purely on voluntary action, entirely unhampered by violence or threats of violence" The system relies on contracts between individuals as the legal framew... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Law and order and the use of violence | Law and order and the use of violence
Different anarcho-capitalists propose different forms of anarcho-capitalism and one area of disagreement is in the area of law. In The Market for Liberty, Morris and Linda Tannehill object to any statutory law whatsoever. They argue that all one has to do is ask if one is aggress... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Influences | Influences
Murray Rothbard has listed different ideologies of which his interpretations, he said, have influenced anarcho-capitalism. This includes his interpretation of anarchism, and more precisely individualist anarchism; classical liberalism and the Austrian School of economic thought. Scholars additionally assoc... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Anarchism | Anarchism
In both its social and individualist forms, anarchism is usually considered an anti-capitalistWilliams, Dana M. (2018). "Contemporary Anarchist and Anarchistic Movements". Sociology Compass. Wiley. 12 (6): 4. . . and radical left-wing or far-left movement that promotes libertarian socialist economic theori... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Classical liberalism | Classical liberalism
Historian and libertarian Ralph Raico argued that what liberal philosophers "had come up with was a form of individualist anarchism, or, as it would be called today, anarcho-capitalism or market anarchism".Raico, Ralph (2004). Authentic German Liberalism of the 19th century . École Polytechnique... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Individualist anarchism | Individualist anarchism
thumb|left|upright|Lysander Spooner, an American individualist anarchist and mutualist, who is claimed to have influenced anarcho-capitalism
Murray Rothbard, a student of Ludwig von Mises, stated that he was influenced by the work of the 19th-century American individualist anarchists.De Leon,... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Historical precedents | Historical precedents
Several anarcho-capitalists and right-libertarians have discussed historical precedents of what they believe were examples of anarcho-capitalism. |
Anarcho-capitalism | Free cities of medieval Europe | Free cities of medieval Europe
Economist and libertarian scholar Bryan Caplan considers the free cities of medieval Europe as examples of "anarchist" or "nearly anarchistic" societies, further arguing: |
Anarcho-capitalism | Medieval Iceland | Medieval Iceland
thumb| 19th-century interpretation of the Althing in the Icelandic Commonwealth which authors such as David D. Friedman believe to have some features of anarcho-capitalist society
According to the libertarian theorist David D. Friedman, "[m]edieval Icelandic institutions have several peculiar and int... |
Anarcho-capitalism | American Old West | American Old West
According to Terry L. Anderson and P. J. Hill, the Old West in the United States in the period of 1830 to 1900 was similar to anarcho-capitalism in that "private agencies provided the necessary basis for an orderly society in which property was protected and conflicts were resolved" and that the com... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Gaelic Ireland | Gaelic Ireland
thumb|Provinces of Ireland in 900
In his work For a New Liberty, Murray Rothbard has claimed ancient Gaelic Ireland as an example of nearly anarcho-capitalist society. In his depiction, citing the work of Professor Joseph Peden,Peden Stateless Societies: Ancient Ireland the basic political unit of anc... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Law merchant, admiralty law, and early common law | Law merchant, admiralty law, and early common law
Some libertarians have cited law merchant, admiralty law and early common law as examples of anarcho-capitalism.Rothbard. "Defense Services on the Free Market ".Benson. "The Enterprise of Customary Law ".Hasnas. "The Obviousness of Anarchy ".
In his work Power and Ma... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Somalia from 1991 to 2012 | Somalia from 1991 to 2012
Economist Alex Tabarrok argued that Somalia in its stateless period provided a "unique test of the theory of anarchy", in some aspects near of that espoused by anarcho-capitalists David D. Friedman and Murray Rothbard. Nonetheless, both anarchists and some anarcho-capitalists argue that Som... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Analysis and criticism | Analysis and criticism |
Anarcho-capitalism | State, justice and defense | State, justice and defense
Anarchists such as Brian Morris argue that anarcho-capitalism does not in fact get rid of the state. He says that anarcho-capitalists "simply replaced the state with private security firms, and can hardly be described as anarchists as the term is normally understood".Brian Morris, "Global ... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Rights and freedom | Rights and freedom
Negative and positive rights are rights that oblige either action (positive rights) or inaction (negative rights). Anarcho-capitalists believe that negative rights should be recognized as legitimate, but positive rights should be rejected as an intrusion. Some critics reject the distinction between... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Economics and property | Economics and property
Social anarchists argue that anarcho-capitalism allows individuals to accumulate significant power through free markets and private property. Friedman responded by arguing that the Icelandic Commonwealth was able to prevent the wealthy from abusing the poor by requiring individuals who engaged ... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Propertarianism | Propertarianism
Critics charge that the Propertarianist perspective prevents freedom from making sense as an independent value in anarcho-capitalist theory: |
Anarcho-capitalism | Literature | Literature
The following is a partial list of notable nonfiction works discussing anarcho-capitalism.
Bruce L. Benson, The Enterprise of Law: Justice Without The State
To Serve and Protect: Privatization and Community in Criminal Justice
David D. Friedman, The Machinery of Freedom
Edward P. Stringham, Anarchy and... |
Anarcho-capitalism | See also | See also
Agorism
Consequentialist libertarianism
Counter-economics
Creative disruption
Crypto-anarchism
Definition of anarchism and libertarianism
Left-wing market anarchism
Neo-feudalism
Natural-rights libertarianism
Privatization in criminal justice
Voluntaryism
Anarchist communism |
Anarcho-capitalism | References | References |
Anarcho-capitalism | Further reading | Further reading
Brown, Susan Love (1997). "The Free Market as Salvation from Government: The Anarcho-Capitalist View". In Carrier, James G., ed. Meanings of the Market: The Free Market in Western Culture (illustrated ed.). Oxford: Berg Publishers. p. 99. .
|
Anarcho-capitalism | External links | External links
Anarchist Theory FAQ – FAQ discussing anarchism by economist Bryan Caplan
Anarcho-capitalist FAQ
Freeblr – online textbook about Anarcho-Capitalism by Daniel Jarick, also known as JarickWorks
LewRockwell.com – website run by Lew Rockwell
Mises Institute – research and educational center of classi... |
Anarcho-capitalism | Table of Content | Short description, Classification, Philosophy, On the state, Non-aggression principle, Property, Private property, Common property, Intellectual property, Contractual society, Law and order and the use of violence, Influences, Anarchism, Classical liberalism, Individualist anarchism, Historical precedents, Free cities ... |
August 9 | pp-pc1 | |
August 9 | Events | Events |
August 9 | Pre-1600 | Pre-1600
48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt.
378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths. Valens is killed along with over half of his army.
1173 – Construction... |
August 9 | 1601–1900 | 1601–1900
1610 – The First Anglo-Powhatan War begins in colonial Virginia.
1810 – Napoleon annexes Westphalia as part of the First French Empire.
1814 – American Indian Wars: The Creek sign the Treaty of Fort Jackson, giving up huge parts of Alabama and Georgia.
1830 – Louis Philippe becomes the king of the French foll... |
August 9 | 1901–present | 1901–present
1902 – Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
1907 – The first Boy Scout encampment concludes at Brownsea Island in southern England.
1925 – A train robbery takes place in Kakori, near Lucknow, India, by the Indian independence rev... |
August 9 | Births | Births |
August 9 | Pre-1600 | Pre-1600
1201 – Arnold Fitz Thedmar, English historian and merchant (d. 1274)
1537 – Francesco Barozzi, Italian mathematician and astronomer (d. 1604)
1544 – Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1606)
1590 – John Webster, colonial settler and governor of Connecticut (d. 1661) |
August 9 | 1601–1900 | 1601–1900
1603 – Johannes Cocceius, German-Dutch theologian and academic (d. 1669)
1611 – Henry of Nassau-Siegen, German count, officer in the Dutch Army, diplomat for the Dutch Republic (b. 1611) (2004). "Die Fürstengruft zu Siegen und die darin von 1669 bis 1781 erfolgten Beisetzungen". In: u.a. (Redaktion), Siegene... |
August 9 | 1901–present | 1901–present
1902 – Zino Francescatti, French violinist (d. 1991)
1902 – Panteleimon Ponomarenko, Russian general and politician (d. 1984)
1905 – Leo Genn, British actor and barrister (d. 1978)
1909 – Vinayaka Krishna Gokak, Indian scholar, author, and academic (d. 1992)
1909 – Willa Beatrice Player, American e... |
August 9 | Deaths | Deaths |
August 9 | Pre-1600 | Pre-1600
378 – Traianus, Roman general
378 – Valens, Roman emperor (b. 328)
803 – Irene of Athens, Byzantine ruler (b. 752)
833 – Al-Ma'mun, Iraqi caliph (b. 786)
1048 – Pope Damasus II
1107 – Emperor Horikawa of Japan (b. 1079)
1173 – Najm ad-Din Ayyub, Kurdish soldier and politician
1211 – William de Braose, ... |
August 9 | 1601–1900 | 1601–1900
1601 – Michael the Brave, Romanian prince (b. 1558)
1634 – William Noy, English lawyer and judge (b. 1577)
1720 – Simon Ockley, English orientalist and academic (b. 1678)
1744 – James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos, English academic and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire (b. 1673)
1816 – Johann August A... |
August 9 | 1901–present | 1901–present
1910 – Huo Yuanjia, Chinese martial artist, co-founded the Chin Woo Athletic Association (b. 1868)
1919 – Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer and educator (b. 1857)
1920 – Samuel Griffith, Welsh-Australian politician, 9th Premier of Queensland (b. 1845)
1932 – John Charles Fields, Canadian mathematician,... |
August 9 | Holidays and observances | Holidays and observances
Battle of Gangut Day (Russia)
Christian feast day:
Candida Maria of Jesus
Edith Stein (St Teresa Benedicta of the Cross)
Firmus and Rusticus
Herman of Alaska (Russian Orthodox Church and related congregations; Episcopal Church (USA))
John Vianney (1950s – currently August 4)
Mary Sumner (Church... |
August 9 | References | References |
August 9 | External links | External links
Category:Days of August |
August 9 | Table of Content | pp-pc1, Events, Pre-1600, 1601–1900, 1901–present, Births, Pre-1600, 1601–1900, 1901–present, Deaths, Pre-1600, 1601–1900, 1901–present, Holidays and observances, References, External links |
Aristophanes | Short description | Aristophanes (;. ; ) was an Ancient Greek comic playwright from Athens. He wrote in total forty plays, of which eleven survive virtually complete today.; The majority of his surviving plays belong to the genre of comic drama known as Old Comedy and are considered its most valuable examples. Aristophanes' plays were p... |
Aristophanes | Biography | Biography
thumb|200px|Theatre of Dionysus, Athens – in Aristophanes' time, the audience probably sat on wooden benches with earth foundations.
An Athenian citizen, Aristophanes came from the deme of Kydathenaion, which was part of the Attic tribe (phyle) of Pandionis. His father was Philippus; and his mother was Zenod... |
Aristophanes | Plato's ''Symposion'' | Plato's Symposion
Plato's The Symposium appears to be a useful source of biographical information about Aristophanes, but its reliability is open to doubt. It purports to be a record of conversations at a dinner party at which both Aristophanes and Socrates are guests, held some seven years after the performance of The... |
Aristophanes | Use of language | Use of language
thumb|200px|Muse reading, Louvre
The language of Aristophanes' plays, and in Old Comedy generally, was valued by ancient commentators as a model of the Attic dialect. The orator Quintilian believed that the charm and grandeur of the Attic dialect made Old Comedy an example for orators to study and follo... |
Aristophanes | Aristophanes and Old Comedy | Aristophanes and Old Comedy
thumb|200px|Thalia, muse of comedy, gazing upon a comic mask (detail from Muses' Sarcophagus)
The plays of Aristophanes are the only full-length examples of the genre of Old Comedy to have survived from antiquity. This makes them centrally important to modern understandings of the genre. Th... |
Aristophanes | Dramatic structure of Aristophanes' plots | Dramatic structure of Aristophanes' plots
The structural elements of a typical Aristophanic plot can be summarized as follows:
prologue – an introductory scene with a dialogue and/or soliloquy addressed to the audience, expressed in iambic trimeter and explaining the situation that is to be resolved in the play;
paro... |
Aristophanes | Parabasis | Parabasis
The parabasis is an address to the audience by the chorus or chorus leader while the actors leave or have left the stage. In this role, the chorus is sometimes out of character, as the author's voice, and sometimes in character, although these capacities are often difficult to distinguish. Generally the parab... |
Aristophanes | Influence and legacy | Influence and legacy
thumb|200px|Aristophanes, the master of Old Comedy, and Menander, the master of New Comedy.
The tragic dramatists Sophocles and Euripides died near the end of the Peloponnesian War, and the art of tragedy thereafter ceased to develop, yet comedy continued to evolve after the defeat of Athens, and i... |
Aristophanes | Literature | Literature
The romantic poet, Percy Shelley, wrote a comic, lyrical drama (Swellfoot the Tyrant) in imitation of Aristophanes' play The Frogs after he was reminded of the Chorus in that play by a herd of pigs passing to market under the window of his lodgings in San Giuliano, Italy.Note on Oedipus Tyrannus by Mrs Shel... |
Aristophanes | Radio shows | Radio shows
Acropolis Now is a comedy radio show for the BBC set in Ancient Greece. It features Aristophanes, Socrates and many other famous Greeks. (Not to be confused with the Australian sitcom of the same name.) Aristophanes is characterised as a celebrity playwright, and most of his plays have the title formula: O... |
Aristophanes | Music | Music
Platée is a French comic opera by Jean-Philippe Rameau influenced by The Frogs.GREEN, ROBERT A. “Aristophanes, Rameau and ‘Platée.’” Cambridge Opera Journal, vol. 23, no. 1/2, 2011, pp. 1–26. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41494572. Accessed 6 Oct. 2024.
Satiric Dances for a Comedy by Aristophanes is a thre... |
Aristophanes | Translation of Aristophanes | Translation of Aristophanes
Alan H. Sommerstein believes that although there are good translations of Aristophanes' comedies, none could be flawless, "for there is much truth in the paradox that the only really perfect translation is the original."On Translating Aristophanes: Ends and Means, Alan H. Sommerstein, Gree... |
Aristophanes | Works | Works |
Aristophanes | Surviving plays | Surviving plays
thumb|Table of contents of a 1498 edition, which contains all of Aristophanes' surviving plays except for Thesmophoriazusae and Lysistrata
Most of these are traditionally referred to by abbreviations of their Latin titles; Latin remains a customary language of scholarship in classical studies.
The Acha... |
Aristophanes | Datable non-surviving (lost) plays | Datable non-surviving (lost) plays
The standard modern edition of the fragments is Rudolf Kassel and Colin François Lloyd Austin's, Poetae Comici Graeci III.2.
Banqueters (Δαιταλεῖς Daitaleis, 427 BC)
Babylonians (Βαβυλώνιοι Babylonioi, 426 BC)
Farmers (Γεωργοί Georgoi, 424 BC)
Merchant Ships (Ὁλκάδες Holkades, 42... |