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Economy of Armenia
Notes
Notes
Economy of Armenia
Sources
Sources
Economy of Armenia
Books
Books
Economy of Armenia
External links
External links Investment Council of Armenia Neruzh Diaspora Tech Startup Program Armenia Securities Exchange Armenia Armenia
Economy of Armenia
Table of Content
Short description, Overview, Global competitiveness, History of the modern Armenian economy, Post-communist economic reforms, Outperforming GDP growth, Regional GDP, 2020 recession, Main sectors of economy, Agricultural sector, Mining, Construction sector, Energy, Digital economy, Industrial sector, Services sector, Re...
Transport in Armenia
Short description
This article considers transport in Armenia.
Transport in Armenia
Railways
Railways
Transport in Armenia
Total
Total in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines
Transport in Armenia
Broad gauge
Broad gauge 850 km of gauge (850 km electrified) (1995) There is no service south of Yerevan. City with metro system: Yerevan
Transport in Armenia
International links
International links Azerbaijan - closed - same gauge Georgia - yes - same gauge Iran - via Azerbaijan - closed - break of gauge - / Turkey - closed - break of gauge -/ Most of the cross-border lines are currently closed due to political problems. However, there are daily inbound and outbound trains connecting Tbil...
Transport in Armenia
Metros
Metros The capital city of Armenia, Yerevan, is serviced by the Yerevan Metro. The system was launched in 1981, and like most former Soviet Metros, its stations are very deep (20–70 meters underground) and intricately decorated with national motifs. The metro runs on a 13.4 kilometers (8.3 mi) line and currently serves...
Transport in Armenia
Trams
Trams Yerevan tram (Armenian: ) was a tram system previously operating in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. It was opened on 29 September 1906 in the form of a city wagonway. In the second half of the 20th century, the tram system had up to 12 routes, which were served by 3 depots. Trams were operated until 21 January...
Transport in Armenia
History
History Model of a horseway tram in Yerevan |alt=|center|thumb|220x220px The only city in Armenia where a tram ever existed was Yerevan. On 29 September 1906, the Yerevan horse wagonway was opened. This type of narrow-gauge wagonway existed until August 1918, when the tram was destroyed during World War I. On 12 Ja...
Transport in Armenia
Buses
Buses
Transport in Armenia
International connections
International connections thumb|Yerevan Central Bus Station Land borders are open with both Georgia and Iran. Yerevan Central Bus Station, also known as Kilikia Bus Station is the main bus terminal in Yerevan with buses connecting to both internal and international destinations. There are daily bus connections between ...
Transport in Armenia
Local connections
Local connections The Armenian bus network connects all major cities, towns, and villages throughout the country. In larger cities and towns such as Yerevan, Gyumri, Vanadzor and Armavir, bus stations are equipped with a waiting room and a ticket office, in other towns bus stations may not have shelters. Most of the r...
Transport in Armenia
Roadways
Roadways thumb|right|275px|The E-road network in Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan. However, the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan is closed due to strained relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Since independence, Armenia has been developing its internal highway network. The "North-South Road Corridor Investment P...
Transport in Armenia
Total
Total 8,800  km World Ranking: 112
Transport in Armenia
Paved
Paved 8,800  km (including 1,561 km of expressways)
Transport in Armenia
Unpaved
Unpaved 0 km (2006 est.)
Transport in Armenia
Pipelines
Pipelines Natural gas 3,838 km (2017)
Transport in Armenia
Ports and harbors
Ports and harbors Cargo shipments to landlocked Armenia are routed through ports in Georgia and Turkey.
Transport in Armenia
Airports
Airports thumb|right|Zvartnots International Airport thumb|220x220px|Zvartnots International Airport main concourse. Air transportation in Armenia is the most convenient and comfortable means of getting into the country. There are large international airports that accept both external and domestic flights throughout t...
Transport in Armenia
Airports - with paved runways
Airports - with paved runways Total: 10 Over 3,047 m (9,900 feet): 2 1,524 to 2,437 m (7,920 feet): 2 914 to 1,523 m (4,950 feet): 4 Under 914 m: 2 (as of 2008)
Transport in Armenia
Airports - with unpaved runways
Airports - with unpaved runways Total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 0 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 0 (as of 2008)
Transport in Armenia
Heliports
Heliports Armenia maintains a number of both military and civilian heliports. The main military heliport is located on the premises of Erebuni Airport in Yerevan. Meanwhile, the company Armenian Helicopters, based at Zvartnots Airport in Yerevan, offers charter flights within Armenia and to certain neighboring countrie...
Transport in Armenia
Aerial tramways
Aerial tramways The Wings of Tatev is currently the world's longest reversible aerial tramway which holds the record for longest non-stop double-track cable car and is located in the town of Halidzor. In October 2019, it was announced that investors were interested in creating an aerial tramway in the capital, Yereva...
Transport in Armenia
International transport agreements
International transport agreements Armenia cooperates in various international transport-related organizations and agreements, including the following: Eurocontrol European Aviation Safety Agency (Pan-European Partner) European Civil Aviation Conference European Common Aviation Area International Civil Aviation Organiz...
Transport in Armenia
See also
See also Civil Aviation Committee of Armenia Economy of Armenia Ministry of Transport and Communication (Armenia) Tourism in Armenia Transport in Europe Transport in Georgia (country) Transport in the Republic of Artsakh
Transport in Armenia
References
References
Transport in Armenia
External links
External links
Transport in Armenia
Table of Content
Short description, Railways, Total, Broad gauge, International links, Metros, Trams, History, Buses, International connections, Local connections, Roadways, Total, Paved, Unpaved, Pipelines, Ports and harbors, Airports, Airports - with paved runways, Airports - with unpaved runways, Heliports, Aerial tramways, Internat...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Short description
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Armenia (, abbreviated ՀՀ ԶՈՒ, HH ZU), sometimes referred to as the Armenian Army (), is the national military of Armenia. It consists of personnel branches under the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces, which can be divided into two general branches: the Ground Forces, and th...
Armed Forces of Armenia
History
History
Armed Forces of Armenia
Early Armenian Army
Early Armenian Army An Armenian military corps was established to fight against the Ottomans during the Turkish–Armenian War in early 1918. In accordance with the Treaty of Batum of 4 June 1918 the Ottoman Empire demobilized most of the Armenian army.Hovannisian. Armenia on the Road to Independence, pp. 197. Ethnic A...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Soviet era
Soviet era The 7th Guards Army was based in Yerevan from 1946 to 1992. In the late 1980s the Army consisted of: Directorate – Yerevan 15th Motor Rifle Division – Kirovakan (now Vanadzor) 75th Motor Rifle Division – Nakhichevan 127th Motor Rifle Division – Leninakan (now Gyumri) 164th Motor Rifle Division – Yere...
Armed Forces of Armenia
1988–1992
1988–1992 The modern Armenian military entered its first stage at the beginning of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, when Armenian militias were formed to combat Azerbaijani units in Artsakh.Ministry of Defense of Armenia. General History of the Armenian Army . Retrieved 31 January 2006. On 20 September 1990, the first...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Post-1992
Post-1992 Armenia established a Ministry of Defence on 28 January 1992. The first military unit of the defence ministry to be formed was the 1st Airborne Regiment, where the first Armenian soldier took the oath to the nation that March. Since a significant part of the officers of the Armed Forces were fighters of the...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Organization and service branches
Organization and service branches The Armenian Armed Forces are Headquartered in Yerevan, where most of the general staff is based. The general staff is responsible for operational command of the Armenian Military and its two major branches. The armed forces also has the following personnel branches: Department of ...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Ground Forces
Ground Forces thumb|240px|Armenian soldiers in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict thumb|right|240px|Snipers during a field exercise (2004) According to IISS 2010, Armenia has 30 T-80 tanks,Jane's World Armies Armenia, 2008. 390 T-72 tanks, 14 T-54/55 tanks and 80 BMP-1's, 7 BMP-1K, 55 BMP-2 and 12 BRM-1K. Wheeled APCs r...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Air Force and Air Defense
Air Force and Air Defense thumb|190x190px|Armenian Air Force Su-25's during a military parade in Yerevan The Armenian Air Force consists of 15 Su-25 ground attack planes, 18 Su-30 jet fighters, 1 Mig 25, 16 Mil Mi-24 helicopter gunships, 6 L-39 trainer and attack aircraft, 16 Yak-52 trainer aircraft, 3 Il-76 cargo p...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Military of Artsakh
Military of Artsakh In addition to forces mentioned above, there were around 20,000 active soldiers defending Nagorno-Karabakh, a disputed territory which seceded from Azerbaijan from 1991 to 2023. They were well trained and well equipped with the latest in military software and hardware.C. W. Blandy, Azerbaijan: Is...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Personnel
Personnel The Armed Forces of Armenia is constitutionally a conscript force, but there is also a growing number of professional officers. There were roughly 19,000 conscripts and 23,000 professionals serving in 2017. Enlistment, which is performed twice a year, is handled by military commissariats. Male draftees bet...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Educational institutions
Educational institutions thumb|Contingent from the Armed Forces of Armenia on Red Square in 2015. National Defense Research University Vazgen Sargsyan Military University Monte Melkonian Military Academy Armenak Khanperyants Military Aviation University Yerevan State Medical University Military Faculty Foreign ...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Contract service
Contract service A contractual military service is a service last for 3–12 months, or for a term of three or five years. Males under 36 who have not previously served as contract servicemen and are registered in the reserve, can be enrolled in contractual military service as privates. Felons and those not fit for ser...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Conscription
Conscription Military service in Armenia is mandatory. Citizens aged 27 to 50 are registered in the reserve and may be drafted if a national mobilization was declared. The enlistment process is handled by the military commissariats in January and May. Dual citizens are not be exempt from the draft. If one fails to fo...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Women in the armed forces
Women in the armed forces During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in the early 90s, at least 115 Armenian women were known to have taken part in combat operations. Many women from the diaspora arrived to serve in non-combat missions. The first woman to have been given a significant position in the military was Zhanna G...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Minorities
Minorities During the 2020 war, a group of Yazidi reservists formed a reserve military unit that joined the frontline in Karabakh. The unit was led by Rzgan Sarhangyan and is composed of 50 soldiers aged between 18 and 55.
Armed Forces of Armenia
Equipment
Equipment The Armenian Army operates a wide variety of older equipment, mostly of Soviet origin. There is also some newer equipment from Russia. In 2015, a US$200m loan was ratified by Russia for the purchase of modern weapons between 2015 and 2017. Armenia produces its own combat helmets and body armors through the...
Armed Forces of Armenia
International military cooperation
International military cooperation
Armed Forces of Armenia
Russia
Russia thumb|Vladimir Putin during his visit to the 102nd Russian military base in Armenia. Russia is one of the closest allies of Armenia. The Russian 102nd Military Base, the former 127th Motor Rifle Division, is stationed in Gyumri. The military alliance of the two nations and, in particular, the presence of Rus...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Collective Security Treaty Organisation
Collective Security Treaty Organisation On 7 October 2002, the Presidents of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan, signed a charter in Tashkent, founding the Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) (Russian: Организация Договора о Коллективной Безопасности (ОДКБ/ODKB)) or simply Таш...
Armed Forces of Armenia
NATO
NATO Armenia participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and it is in a NATO organization called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia is in the process of implementation of Individual Partnership Action Plans (IPAPs), which is a program for those countries that have the political will and...
Armed Forces of Armenia
France
France On 5 October 2023, following the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, France announced that it would send defense aid to the Armenian military.
Armed Forces of Armenia
Greece
Greece Greece is Armenia's closest ally in NATO and the two cooperate on multiple issues. A number of Armenian officers are trained in Greece every year, and military aid/material assistance has been provided to Armenia. In 2003, the two countries signed a military cooperation accord, under which Greece will increase...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Baltic States
Baltic States Lithuania has been sharing experience and providing consultations to the Armenian Defense Ministry in the field of democratic control of armed forces, military and defense concepts and public relations since 2002. Since 2004, Armenian officers have been invited to study at the Lithuanian War Academy and...
Armed Forces of Armenia
United States
United States thumb|Armenian troops before loading onto a U.S. Army UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter during a training exercise The United States has been steadily upping its military clout in the region. In early 2003, the United States Department of Defense announced several major military programs in the Caucasus. Was...
Armed Forces of Armenia
European Union
European Union On 22 July 2024, the European Union approved the allocation of 10 million euros to the Armed Forces of Armenia from the European Peace Facility. This marked the first ever funding assistance to the Armed Forces of Armenia from the EU. The funding will be used to increase the material and technical cap...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Peacekeeping operations
Peacekeeping operations As of 2022, Armenia is involved in peacekeeping operations in Kosovo, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Mali and Kazakhstan
Armed Forces of Armenia
Kosovo
Kosovo There are 70 Armenian soldiers serving in Kosovo as peacekeepers. Armenia joined the Kosovo Force in Kosovo in 2004. Armenian "blue helmets" serve within the Greek Army battalion. The relevant memorandum was signed on 3 September 2003, in Yerevan and ratified by the Armenian Parliament on 13 December 2003. Th...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Iraq
Iraq After the end of the invasion of Iraq, Armenia deployed a unit of 46 peacekeepers under Polish command. Armenian peacekeepers were based in Al-Kut, from the capital of Baghdad. On 23 July 2006, the fourth shift of Armenian peacekeepers departed for Iraq. The shift included 3 staff commanders, 2 medical officers...
Armed Forces of Armenia
Afghanistan
Afghanistan Armenia deployed 130 soldiers in Afghanistan as part of the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). They were serving under German command protecting an airport in Kunduz.
Armed Forces of Armenia
Lebanon
Lebanon In 2014, Armenia deployed 33 peacekeepers to Lebanon as part of UNIFIL. Since then, they have served under the Italian contingent and fulfill headquarter security functions.
Armed Forces of Armenia
Mali
Mali In 2015, one peacekeeper was dispatched to Mali on a monitoring-peacekeeping mission.
Armed Forces of Armenia
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan In 2022, Armenia sent around 100 servicemen to Kazakhstan as part of the Collective Security Treaty Organization peacekeeping forces. Nikol Pashinyan, who serves as the CSTO chairman, confirmed that the alliance will send 'peacekeepers' to Kazakhstan for a limited period given the threat to national securi...
Armed Forces of Armenia
References
References
Armed Forces of Armenia
External links
External links Armed Forces of Armenia
Armed Forces of Armenia
Table of Content
Short description, History, Early Armenian Army, Soviet era, 1988–1992, Post-1992, Organization and service branches, Ground Forces, Air Force and Air Defense, Military of Artsakh, Personnel, Educational institutions, Contract service, Conscription, Women in the armed forces, Minorities, Equipment, International milita...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Short description
Since its independence, Armenia has maintained a policy of trying to have positive and friendly relations with Iran, Russia, and the West, including the United States and the European Union.– "Armenian Foreign Policy Between Russia, Iran And U.S." – 29 March 2010 It has full membership status in a number of internatio...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Foreign relations
Foreign relations Armenia is a member of more than 70 different international organizations, including the following: Asian Development Bank Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Commonwealth of Independent States Council of Europe The EU's Eastern Partnership and the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly ...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Armenian genocide recognition
Armenian genocide recognition right|thumb|300px| As of 2025, 34 states have officially recognized the historical events as genocide. Parliaments of countries that recognize the Armenian genocide include Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Ger...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Disputes
Disputes
Foreign relations of Armenia
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Armenia provides political, material and military support to the Republic of Artsakh in the longstanding Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The current conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh began in 1988 when Armenian demonstrations against Azerbaijani rule broke out in Nagorno–Karabakh and later in Arme...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Countries without diplomatic relations
Countries without diplomatic relations Armenia does not have diplomatic relations with the following countries (organized by continent):
Foreign relations of Armenia
Africa
Africa , ,
Foreign relations of Armenia
The Americas
The Americas
Foreign relations of Armenia
Asia
Asia , (Pakistan is the only country in the world that does not recognize Armenia),
Foreign relations of Armenia
Oceania
Oceania , , , , Armenia also has no diplomatic relations with states with limited recognition except for the now defunct Republic of Artsakh and the State of Palestine.
Foreign relations of Armenia
Countries with diplomatic relations
Countries with diplomatic relations List of countries which Armenia maintains diplomatic relations with: frameless|425x425px#CountryDate12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243—4445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Multilateral relations
Multilateral relations Notes on some of Armenia's multilateral relations follow: Organization Formal Relations BeganNotes Armenia established diplomatic relations with the African Union on 25 October 2010. The African Union Commission hailed the Armenian government's intention to have a representative in the Afric...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Bilateral relations
Bilateral relations Notes on some of Armenia's bilateral relations follow (organized by continent):
Foreign relations of Armenia
Africa
Africa Country Formal Relations BeganNotes See Algeria–Armenia relationsBoth countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1992. See Angola–Armenia relationsBoth countries established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1994. See Armenia–Benin relationsBoth countries established diplomatic relations on 2 Aug...
Foreign relations of Armenia
The Americas
The Americas Country Formal Relations BeganNotes See Antigua and Barbuda–Armenia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1993. See Argentina–Armenia relations Argentina is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Yerevan. Armenia has an embassy in Buenos Aires. Argentine parliament...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Asia
Asia Country Formal relations beganNotes See Afghanistan–Armenia relationsBoth countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1996.Relations suspended following the 2021 Taliban offensive.No diplomatic relationsSee Armenia–Azerbaijan relations, First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Sumgait pogrom, Baku pogrom, Maraga...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Europe
Europe Country Formal relations beganNotes See Albania–Armenia relations Armenia is represented in Albania through its embassy in Athens, (Greece). Albania is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Athens, (Greece). Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. See Andorra–Armenia relations A...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Oceania
Oceania Country Formal Relations BeganNotes See Armenia–Australia relations The first Armenians migrated to Australia in the 1850s, during the gold rush. The majority came to Australia in the 1960s, starting with the Armenians of Egypt after Nasser came to power then, in the early 1970s, from Cyprus after the Turkis...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Other international organizations
Other international organizations Armenia is additionally a full member, unless otherwise noted, in the following international organizations, programs and treaties:
Foreign relations of Armenia
See also
See also Armenia and the International Criminal Court Armenia and the United Nations Armenia–BSEC relations Armenia in the Council of Europe Armenia–European Union relations Armenia–NATO relations Armenia–OSCE relations Armenian diaspora Armenian population by urban area Euronest Parliamentary Assembly For...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Footnotes
Footnotes
Foreign relations of Armenia
References
References
Foreign relations of Armenia
External links
External links Argentina List of Treaties ruling the relations Argentina and Armenia (Argentine Foreign Ministry, in Spanish) Canada Armenian embassy in Ottawa Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade about relations with Armenian Chile Chilean Senate: recognition of the Armenian genocide (...
Foreign relations of Armenia
Table of Content
Short description, Foreign relations, Armenian genocide recognition, Disputes, Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Countries without diplomatic relations, Africa, The Americas, Asia, Oceania, Countries with diplomatic relations, Multilateral relations, Bilateral relations, Africa, The Americas, Asia, Europe, Oceania, Other inte...
Demographics of American Samoa
Short description
Demographics of American Samoa include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects. American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean. alt=A rising line graph|thumb|Population in tho...
Demographics of American Samoa
Population
Population The statistics from 1900 to 1950 and every decennial census are from the U.S. Census Bureau. There was no census taken in 1910, but a special census taken in 1912. Beginning with the 1930 Census, Swain Island is included in the population count for American Samoa. The remaining statistics are from the Wor...
Demographics of American Samoa
Structure of the population
Structure of the population Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal% Total 28 164 27 355 55 519 100 0–4 3 417 3 194 6 611 11.91 5–9 3 470 3 065 6 535 11.77 10–14 3 214 3 065 6 279 11.31 15–19 3 218 3 078 6 296 11.34 20–24 1 944 1 947 3 891 7.01 25–29 1 670 1 654 3 324 5.99 30–34 1 726 1 784 3 510 6.32 35–39 1 845 1 764 3 609 6.50 ...
Demographics of American Samoa
Vital statistics
Vital statistics
Demographics of American Samoa
Registered births and deaths
Registered births and deaths +21st-century demography of American SamoaYearPopulationLive birthsDeathsNatural increaseCrude birth rateCrude death rateRate of natural increaseTotal Fertility Rate 2001 59,400 1,655 239 1,416 27.9 4.0 23.9 3.50 2002 60,800 1,629 295 1,334 26.8 4.9 21.9 3.86 2003 62,600 1,608 257 1,351 25...
Demographics of American Samoa
Ethnic groups
Ethnic groups Pacific Islander 92.6% (includes Samoan 88.9%, Tongan 2.9%, other 0.8%) Asian 3.6% (includes Filipino 2.2%, other 1.4%) Mixed 2.7% Other 1.2% (2010 est.)
Demographics of American Samoa
Languages
Languages thumb|Sign in English and Samoan in American Samoa Native languages include: Samoan 88.6% English 3.9% Tongan 2.7% Other Pacific islander 3% Other 1.8% (2010 est.) English proficiency is very high.
Demographics of American Samoa
Religion
Religion Christian 98.3% Other 1% Unaffiliated 0.7% (2010 est.) Major Christian denominations on the island include the Congregational Christian Church in American Samoa, the Catholic Church, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the Methodist Church of Samoa. Collectively, these churches account for t...