wrong_code
stringlengths
3
123
correct_code
stringlengths
3
155
explanation
stringclasses
101 values
language
stringclasses
26 values
int &ref;
int x; int &ref = x;
Reference must be initialized.
C++
'52' + 43
52 + 43
Avoid string coercion.
JavaScript
var x = 5; x = "hello"
var x = "hello"
Type mismatch.
Swift
<note name='message'/>
<note name="message"/>
Double quotes.
XML
x := 13
x := 13
Correct.
Go
int x; System.out.println(x);
int x = 0; System.out.println(x);
Initialize variable.
Java
let b = 'test'
let b = "test"
Double quotes.
Swift
const http = require('http'); http.createServer((req,res) => res.end('hello')).listen(58);
const http = require('http'); http.createServer((req,res) => res.end('hello')).listen(58);
Correct.
Node.js
try {{ throw 'world'; }} catch(e) {{}}
try {{ throw new Error('world'); }} catch(e) {{}}
Throw Error objects.
JavaScript
if (item = 12) {{}}
if (item == 12) {{}}
Use ==.
Kotlin
if x > 30 print('info')
if x > 30: print('info')
Colon missing after if.
Python
def test(y): return y + 1
def test(y): return y + 1
Correct.
Python
z = 61
z=61
No spaces.
Shell
{{'id':83, 'id' 79}}
{{'id':83, 'id':79}}
Colon missing.
Python
<div color=#fff>
<div style='color:#fff;'>
Use style attribute.
CSS
assert z > 72
assert z > 72
Correct.
Python
int index = 'test';
String index = 'test';
Type mismatch.
Dart
const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.get('/', (req,res) => res.send('info')); app.listen(7);
const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.get('/', (req,res) => res.send('info')); app.listen(7, () => console.log('listening'));
Add callback.
Node.js
if (b = 18) {{}}
if (b === 18) {{}}
Use === for equality.
JavaScript
<a href='https://test.org' target='_blank'>
<a href='https://test.org' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>
Add rel for security.
HTML
let list=vec![5,20,15]; let first=&list[0]; list.push(35);
let mut list=vec![5,20,15]; let first=list[0]; list.push(35);
Copy instead of reference.
Rust
#footer {{ color: #fff; }}
#footer {{ color: #fff; }}
Correct.
CSS
'hello' + 88
'hello' + 88.to_s
Convert int.
Ruby
List(74,12,27)
List(74,12,27)
Correct.
Scala
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
Use generics.
Java
print 'hello'
print('hello')
Parentheses for function call.
Lua
for (int i=0; i<93; i++) {{}}
for (int i=0; i<93; i++) {{}}
Correct.
Java
console.log('result'
console.log('result')
Close parenthesis.
JavaScript
if (c = 92) {{}}
if (c == 92) {{}}
Use ==.
Java
<ul><li>data<li>data</ul>
<ul><li>data</li><li>data</li></ul>
Close li.
HTML
if (val) console.log('yes') else console.log('no')
if (val) console.log('yes'); else console.log('no');
Missing semicolon.
JavaScript
if ($b = 82) {{}}
if ($b -eq 82) {{}}
Use -eq.
PowerShell
fs.readFile('config.json', (err,data) => {{ if(err) throw err; }});
fs.readFile('config.json', (err,data) => {{ if(err) {{ console.error(err); return; }} }});
Better error handling.
Node.js
fmt.Println 'data'
fmt.Println('data')
Missing parentheses.
Go
print 'output'
print('output')
print needs parentheses.
Python
function handle() {{ return {{key:'hello'}} }}
function handle() {{ return {{key:'hello'}}; }}
Return object on same line.
JavaScript
a = info
a = 'info'
Quote strings.
Python
var val int = 'test'
var val string = 'test'
Type mismatch.
Go
{{'status':'message'}}
{{"status":"message"}}
Use double quotes.
JSON
function bar(): void {{ return 68; }}
function bar(): number {{ return 68; }}
Return type mismatch.
TypeScript
if ($a = 6)
if ($a == 6)
Use ==.
Perl
String name = 'hello';
String name = 'hello';
Correct.
Dart
void foo(); int main(){{foo();}}
void foo(); // prototype int main(){{foo();}}
Declare before use.
C++
$arr[5] = 5;
if (isset($arr[5])) $arr[5] = 5;
Check existence.
PHP
{{"title":"hello" "id":51}}
{{"title":"hello", "id":51}}
Add comma.
JSON
data[24]
if (length(data) >= 24) data[24]
Check length.
R
disp('info')
disp('info')
Correct.
MATLAB
[x*x for x in values if x > 84]
[x*x for x in values if x > 84]
Correct list comprehension.
Python
function handle(c) print(c) end
function handle(c) print(c) end
Correct.
Lua
with open('data.txt') as fp: data = fp.read()
with open('data.txt') as fp: data = fp.read()
Correct.
Python
fn render() -> i32 {{ 100 }}
fn render() -> i32 {{ 100 }}
Correct.
Rust
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM items
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM items;
Missing semicolon.
SQL
{{"name":"hello",}}
{{"name":"hello"}}
Remove trailing comma.
JSON
print('hello')
print('hello')
Correct.
R
name: output age: 61
name: output age: 61
Correct.
YAML
.Item {{ color: green; }}
.Item {{ color: green; }}
Correct.
CSS
let foo: number | null = null; foo.toFixed(46);
let foo: number | null = null; if(foo!==null) foo.toFixed(46);
Null check.
TypeScript
int items[51]; items[51]=5;
int items[51]; if(51<51){{}} else items[51]=5;
Bounds check.
C++
const result;
const result = 90;
Initialize const.
JavaScript
values[75]
if values.indices.contains(75) {{ values[75] }}
Check index.
Swift
while read line; do echo $line; done < data.txt
while read line; do echo $line; done < data.txt
Correct.
Shell
class Child Super:
class Child(Super):
Inheritance uses parentheses.
Python
if count = 80
if count == 80
Use ==.
Ruby
match result {{ 1 => {{}} }}
match result {{ 1 => {{}} _ => {{}} }}
Match must be exhaustive.
Rust
$data[28]
if ($data.Count -gt 28) {{ $data[28] }}
Check bounds.
PowerShell
object User {{ def main(args: Array[String]) = println("result") }}
object User {{ def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = println("result") }}
Add return type Unit.
Scala
function bar(count:string){{return count;}} bar(76);
function bar(count:string){{return count;}} bar('output');
Pass correct type.
TypeScript
bar == '85'
bar === 85
Use strict equality.
JavaScript
compute
compute()
Add parentheses.
Swift
h1 {{ font-size:91px color:#fff; }}
h1 {{ font-size:91px; color:#fff; }}
Add semicolon.
CSS
UPDATE products SET name='info' WHERE email=36
UPDATE products SET name='info' WHERE email=36;
Add semicolon.
SQL
for a in range(91) print(a)
for a in range(91): print(a)
Colon after for.
Python
int* p = nullptr; *p=5;
int* p = new int; *p=5;
Allocate memory.
C++
def bar puts 'test' end
def bar puts 'test' end
Correct.
Ruby
let result: Int = 'hello'
let result: String = 'hello'
Fix type.
Swift
[16, 14, 67
[16, 14, 67]
Close bracket.
Ruby
div {{ color=#fff; }}
div {{ color: #fff; }}
Use colon.
CSS
raise 'message'
raise Exception('message')
Raise needs an exception class.
Python
["message", 50]
["message", 50]
Correct.
JSON
if [ $temp = 7 ]; then
if [ "$temp" = 7 ]; then
Quote variable.
Shell
print 'message'
print 'message';
Add semicolon.
Perl
p {{ color: green }}
p {{ color: green; }}
Add semicolon.
CSS
<div><p>message</div></p>
<div><p>message</p></div>
Nest properly.
HTML
const obj:Person = {{name:'message'}};
const obj:Person = {{name:'message', age:89}};
Add missing property.
TypeScript
arr.forEach(function(num) {{ console.log(num); }})
arr.forEach((num) => {{ console.log(num); }})
Arrow functions are cleaner.
JavaScript
let item = 92;
let item = 92;
Correct.
JavaScript
if (b = 18)
if (b == 18)
Use ==.
C++
INSERT INTO products VALUES ('output',22)
INSERT INTO products (id, status) VALUES ('output',22);
Specify columns.
SQL
$x = 5; if ($x -eq 5) { Write-Host 'yes' }
$x = 5; if ($x -eq 5) { Write-Host 'yes' }
Correct.
PowerShell
while b > 81 b -= 1
while b > 81: b -= 1
Colon missing after while.
Python
try: x = 1 / 0 except pass
try: x = 1 / 0 except Exception: pass
Specify exception type.
Python
function bar() {{ echo 'value'; }}
function bar() {{ echo 'value'; }}
Correct.
PHP
echo 'info'
echo 'info';
Add semicolon.
PHP
my @arr = (73,82,67);
my @arr = (73,82,67);
Correct.
Perl
let item = 15; let item = 3;
let item = 15; item = 3;
Duplicate declaration.
JavaScript
class Order {{ int y; }};
class Order {{ public: int y; }};
Make public.
C++
class = 'data'
class_name = 'data'
'class' is a keyword.
Python
<br></br>
<br>
Self-closing.
HTML
println('message')
println("message")
Double quotes.
Scala
let text1 = String::from("info"); let s2 = text1; println!("{{}}", text1);
let text1 = String::from("info"); let s2 = text1.clone(); println!("{{}}", text1);
Clone to avoid move.
Rust