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1401.0240
Ming-Chang Chen
M.-C. Chen, C. Hern\'andez-Garc\'ia, C. Mancuso, F. Dollar, B. Galloway, D. Popmintchev, P.-C. Huang, B. Walker, L. Plaja, A. Jaron-Becker, A. Becker, T. Popmintchev, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn
Generation of Bright Isolated Attosecond Soft X-Ray Pulses Driven by Multi-Cycle Mid-Infrared Lasers
14 pages, and 4 figures
null
10.1073/pnas.1407421111
null
physics.optics physics.atom-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
High harmonic generation driven by femtosecond lasers makes it possible to capture the fastest dynamics in molecules and materials. However, to date the shortest attosecond (as) pulses have been produced only in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region of the spectrum below 100 eV, which limits the range of materials and molecular systems that can be explored. Here we use advanced experiment and theory to demonstrate a remarkable convergence of physics: when mid-infrared lasers are used to drive the high harmonic generation process, the conditions for optimal bright soft X-ray generation naturally coincide with the generation of isolated attosecond pulses. The temporal window over which phase matching occurs shrinks rapidly with increasing driving laser wavelength, to the extent that bright isolated attosecond pulses are the norm for 2 \mu m driving lasers. Harnessing this realization, we demonstrate the generation of isolated soft X-ray attosecond pulses at photon energies up to 180 eV for the first time, that emerge as linearly chirped 300 as pulses with a transform limit of 35 as. Most surprisingly, we find that in contrast to as pulse generation in the EUV, long-duration, multi-cycle, driving laser pulses are required to generate isolated soft X-ray bursts efficiently, to mitigate group velocity walk-off between the laser and the X-ray fields that otherwise limit the conversion efficiency. Our work demonstrates a clear and straightforward approach for robustly generating bright attosecond pulses of electromagnetic radiation throughout the soft X ray region of the spectrum.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 01:18:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-07-17
[ [ "Chen", "M. -C.", "" ], [ "Hernández-García", "C.", "" ], [ "Mancuso", "C.", "" ], [ "Dollar", "F.", "" ], [ "Galloway", "B.", "" ], [ "Popmintchev", "D.", "" ], [ "Huang", "P. -C.", "" ], [ "Walker...
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null
null
null
null
null
null
null
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1401.0242
Shulabh Gupta
Shulabh Gupta, Li Jun Jiang and Christophe Caloz
Unveiling Magnetic Dipole Radiation in Phase-Reversal Leaky-Wave Antennas
4 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1109/LAWP.2014.2317739
null
physics.class-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The radiation principle of travelling-wave type phase-reversal antennas is explained in details, unveiling the presence of magnetic-dipole radiation in addition to well-known electric dipole radiation. It is point out that such magnetic dipole radiation is specific to the case of traveling-wave phase-reversal antennas whereas only electric-dipole radiation exists in resonant-type phase-reversal antennas. It is shown that a phase-reversal travelling-wave antenna alternately operates as an array of magnetic dipoles and an array of electric-dipoles during a time-harmonic period. This radiation mechanism is confirmed through both full-wave and experimental results.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 02:15:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-18
[ [ "Gupta", "Shulabh", "" ], [ "Jiang", "Li Jun", "" ], [ "Caloz", "Christophe", "" ] ]
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null
null
null
null
null
null
null
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1401.0245
Sujit Gath
S.J Gath and R.V Kulkarni
A Review: Expert System for Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction
7 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1006.4544 by other authors
null
null
null
cs.AI
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A computer Program Capable of performing at a human-expert level in a narrow problem domain area is called an expert system. Management of uncertainty is an intrinsically important issue in the design of expert systems because much of the information in the knowledge base of a typical expert system is imprecise, incomplete or not totally reliable. In this paper, the author present s the review of past work that has been carried out by various researchers based on development of expert systems for the diagnosis of cardiac disease
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 03:59:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-03
[ [ "Gath", "S. J", "" ], [ "Kulkarni", "R. V", "" ] ]
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null
null
null
null
null
null
null
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1401.0247
Yingyu Liang
Maria-Florina Balcan, Yingyu Liang, Pramod Gupta
Robust Hierarchical Clustering
37 pages
null
null
null
cs.LG cs.DS
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
One of the most widely used techniques for data clustering is agglomerative clustering. Such algorithms have been long used across many different fields ranging from computational biology to social sciences to computer vision in part because their output is easy to interpret. Unfortunately, it is well known, however, that many of the classic agglomerative clustering algorithms are not robust to noise. In this paper we propose and analyze a new robust algorithm for bottom-up agglomerative clustering. We show that our algorithm can be used to cluster accurately in cases where the data satisfies a number of natural properties and where the traditional agglomerative algorithms fail. We also show how to adapt our algorithm to the inductive setting where our given data is only a small random sample of the entire data set. Experimental evaluations on synthetic and real world data sets show that our algorithm achieves better performance than other hierarchical algorithms in the presence of noise.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 04:16:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 13 Jul 2014 01:51:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-07-15
[ [ "Balcan", "Maria-Florina", "" ], [ "Liang", "Yingyu", "" ], [ "Gupta", "Pramod", "" ] ]
[ -0.06357288360595703, -0.04720552638173103, 0.05027145892381668, 0.014669502153992653, 0.07136430591344833, -0.07407565414905548, 0.017979592084884644, -0.031267017126083374, 0.0005195413250476122, -0.09129162132740021, -0.0571073517203331, -0.056983210146427155, 0.06956258416175842, 0.039...
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ -0.06357288360595703, -0.04720552638173103, 0.05027145892381668, 0.014669502153992653, 0.07136430591344833, -0.07407565414905548, 0.017979592084884644, -0.031267017126083374, 0.0005195413250476122, -0.09129162132740021, -0.0571073517203331, -0.056983210146427155, 0.06956258416175842, 0.039...
1401.0248
Evgeny Latkin
Evgeny Latkin
Twofold fast summation
All used tests and testing results available at author's Web site: https://sites.google.com/site/yevgenylatkin/
null
null
null
cs.NA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Debugging accumulation of floating-point errors is hard; ideally, computer should track it automatically. Here we consider twofold approximation of an exact real with value + error pair of floating-point numbers. Normally, value + error sum is more accurate than value alone, so error can estimate deviation between value and its exact target. Fast summation algorithm, that provides twofold sum of x[1]+...+x[N] or dot product x[1]*y[1]+...+x[N]*y[N], can be same fast as direct summation sometimes if leveraging processor underused potential. This way, we can hit three goals: improve precision, track inaccuracy, and do this with little if any loss in performance.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 04:25:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 3 Jan 2014 03:35:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-01-06
[ [ "Latkin", "Evgeny", "" ] ]
[ -0.0654587373137474, 0.008891231380403042, -0.018005529418587685, 0.017262917011976242, 0.006616770755499601, -0.09675424546003342, 0.024815041571855545, 0.00598228769376874, 0.00924009457230568, -0.037930507212877274, -0.06779972463846207, -0.06642740964889526, -0.003635131288319826, -0.0...
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
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1401.0255
Dinesh Govindaraj
Dinesh Govindaraj, Tao Wang, S.V.N. Vishwanathan
Modeling Attractiveness and Multiple Clicks in Sponsored Search Results
null
null
null
null
cs.IR cs.LG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Click models are an important tool for leveraging user feedback, and are used by commercial search engines for surfacing relevant search results. However, existing click models are lacking in two aspects. First, they do not share information across search results when computing attractiveness. Second, they assume that users interact with the search results sequentially. Based on our analysis of the click logs of a commercial search engine, we observe that the sequential scan assumption does not always hold, especially for sponsored search results. To overcome the above two limitations, we propose a new click model. Our key insight is that sharing information across search results helps in identifying important words or key-phrases which can then be used to accurately compute attractiveness of a search result. Furthermore, we argue that the click probability of a position as well as its attractiveness changes during a user session and depends on the user's past click experience. Our model seamlessly incorporates the effect of externalities (quality of other search results displayed in response to a user query), user fatigue, as well as pre and post-click relevance of a sponsored search result. We propose an efficient one-pass inference scheme and empirically evaluate the performance of our model via extensive experiments using the click logs of a large commercial search engine.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 06:45:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-03
[ [ "Govindaraj", "Dinesh", "" ], [ "Wang", "Tao", "" ], [ "Vishwanathan", "S. V. N.", "" ] ]
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null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ -0.06816902756690979, -0.10064908117055893, -0.014940950088202953, 0.05752754583954811, 0.08422745019197464, -0.020221568644046783, 0.07780437916517258, -0.00956487562507391, 0.022087140008807182, -0.09871090203523636, -0.06438104808330536, 0.006361921783536673, 0.06580992043018341, -0.009...
1401.0260
Pedro Henrique Juliano Nardelli
Pedro H. J. Nardelli, Nicolas Rubido, Chengwei Wang, Murilo S. Baptista, Carlos Pomalaza-Raez, Paulo Cardieri, Matti Latva-aho
Models for the modern power grid
Submitted to EPJ-ST Power Grids, May 2015
null
10.1140/epjst/e2014-02219-6
null
cs.SY
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This article reviews different kinds of models for the electric power grid that can be used to understand the modern power system, the smart grid. From the physical network to abstract energy markets, we identify in the literature different aspects that co-determine the spatio-temporal multilayer dynamics of power system. We start our review by showing how the generation, transmission and distribution characteristics of the traditional power grids are already subject to complex behaviour appearing as a result of the the interplay between dynamics of the nodes and topology, namely synchronisation and cascade effects. When dealing with smart grids, the system complexity increases even more: on top of the physical network of power lines and controllable sources of electricity, the modernisation brings information networks, renewable intermittent generation, market liberalisation, prosumers, among other aspects. In this case, we forecast a dynamical co-evolution of the smart grid and other kind of networked systems that cannot be understood isolated. This review compiles recent results that model electric power grids as complex systems, going beyond pure technological aspects. From this perspective, we then indicate possible ways to incorporate the diverse co-evolving systems into the smart grid model using, for example, network theory and multi-agent simulation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 07:14:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Apr 2014 13:48:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 8 May 2014 06:43:43 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Jun 2014 07:41:15 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2015-06-18
[ [ "Nardelli", "Pedro H. J.", "" ], [ "Rubido", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Wang", "Chengwei", "" ], [ "Baptista", "Murilo S.", "" ], [ "Pomalaza-Raez", "Carlos", "" ], [ "Cardieri", "Paulo", "" ], [ "Latva-aho", "Matti",...
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null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ -0.04345148056745529, -0.00008379952487302944, -0.030405227094888687, 0.03831811994314194, 0.04178407043218613, -0.04500269144773483, -0.041560206562280655, -0.02951429970562458, 0.0314202681183815, -0.04072008654475212, -0.028001056984066963, -0.031645312905311584, 0.02917230874300003, -0...
1401.0263
Xiongwei Zhu
Xiongwei Zhu
The Roads to LPA Based Free Electron Laser
5 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
physics.acc-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we simply outline the present status of the free electron laser and the laser plasma based accelerator, and we simply discuss the potential possible roads appearing in the accelerator community to use the laser plasma based accelerator into the field of the free electron laser.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 08:12:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-03
[ [ "Zhu", "Xiongwei", "" ] ]
[ -0.10092993080615997, 0.01852514035999775, -0.034439586102962494, 0.040376611053943634, -0.11306846141815186, -0.012908280827105045, -0.05054599046707153, -0.0020646185148507357, -0.05449901521205902, -0.07187245041131973, 0.011801136657595634, -0.07513018697500229, 0.027911778539419174, -...
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ -0.10092993080615997, 0.01852514035999775, -0.034439586102962494, 0.040376611053943634, -0.11306846141815186, -0.012908280827105045, -0.05054599046707153, -0.0020646185148507357, -0.05449901521205902, -0.07187245041131973, 0.011801136657595634, -0.07513018697500229, 0.027911778539419174, -...
1401.0270
Aurelio Agliolo Gallitto
Rosaria Conti, Aurelio Agliolo Gallitto, Emilio Fiordilino
Measurement of the convective heat-transfer coefficient
8 pages, 2 embedded figures. Accepted for publication in The Physics Teacher
Phys. Teach. 52 (2014) 109
10.1119/1.4862118
null
physics.ed-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose an experiment for investigating how objects cool down toward the thermal equilibrium with its surrounding through convection. We describe the time dependence of the temperature difference of the cooling object and the environment with an exponential decay function. By measuring the thermal constant tau, we determine the convective heat-transfer coefficient, which is a characteristic constant of the convection system.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 10:38:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-28
[ [ "Conti", "Rosaria", "" ], [ "Gallitto", "Aurelio Agliolo", "" ], [ "Fiordilino", "Emilio", "" ] ]
[ -0.0055596474558115005, 0.02039487659931183, 0.030407637357711792, 0.05332886427640915, 0.0692691057920456, -0.1411251723766327, -0.0152596989646554, -0.03005373105406761, 0.07068879902362823, 0.04911930114030838, 0.004738841205835342, -0.07189232110977173, 0.05261155590415001, -0.03462508...
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ -0.0055596474558115005, 0.02039487659931183, 0.030407637357711792, 0.05332886427640915, 0.0692691057920456, -0.1411251723766327, -0.0152596989646554, -0.03005373105406761, 0.07068879902362823, 0.04911930114030838, 0.004738841205835342, -0.07189232110977173, 0.05261155590415001, -0.03462508...
1401.0279
Darko Dimitrov
Darko Dimitrov
On structural properties of trees with minimal atom-bond connectivity index
null
null
null
null
cs.DM math.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The {\em atom-bond connectivity (ABC) index} is a degree-based molecular descriptor, that found chemical applications. It is well known that among all connected graphs, the graphs with minimal ABC index are trees. A complete characterization of trees with minimal $ABC$ index is still an open problem. In this paper, we present new structural properties of trees with minimal ABC index. Our main results reveal that trees with minimal ABC index do not contain so-called {\em $B_k$-branches}, with $k \geq 5$, and that they do not have more than four $B_4$-branches.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 12:44:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-01-03
[ [ "Dimitrov", "Darko", "" ] ]
[ 0.03873225301504135, 0.03288017585873604, -0.03047853894531727, 0.020555803552269936, 0.01577524095773697, 0.03280879929661751, -0.028457436710596085, 0.026506079360842705, 0.08383230119943619, 0.0035176791716367006, 0.02667551301419735, 0.010007613338530064, 0.0021229865960776806, 0.04948...
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ 0.03873225301504135, 0.03288017585873604, -0.03047853894531727, 0.020555803552269936, 0.01577524095773697, 0.03280879929661751, -0.028457436710596085, 0.026506079360842705, 0.08383230119943619, 0.0035176791716367006, 0.02667551301419735, 0.010007613338530064, 0.0021229865960776806, 0.04948...
1401.0281
Artem Badasyan
Artem Badasyan, Shushanik A. Tonoyan, Achille Giacometti, Rudolf Podgornik, V. Adrian Parsegian, Yevgeni Sh. Mamasakhlisov and Vladimir F. Morozov
A unified description of solvent effects in the helix-coil transition
12 pages, 12 figures, to be submitted to PRE
null
10.1103/PhysRevE.89.022723
null
q-bio.BM cond-mat.soft physics.bio-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the problem of the helix-coil transition in explicit solvents analytically by using spin-based models incorporating two different mechanisms of solvent action: explicit solvent action through the formation of solvent-polymer hydrogen bonds that can compete with the intrinsic intra-polymer hydrogen bonded configurations (competing interactions) and implicit solvent action, where the solvent-polymer interactions tune biopolymer configurations by changing the activity of the solvent (non-competing interactions). The overall spin Hamiltonian is comprised of three terms: the background \emph{in vacuo} Hamiltonian of the "Generalized Model of Polypeptide Chain" type and two additive terms that account for the two above mechanisms of solvent action. We show that on this level the solvent degrees of freedom can be {\sl explicitly} and {\sl exactly} traced over, the ensuing effective partition function combining all the solvent effects in a unified framework. In this way we are able to address helix-coil transitions for polypeptides, proteins, and DNA, with different buffers and different external constraints. Our spin-based effective Hamiltonian is applicable for treatment of such diverse phenomena as cold denaturation, effects of osmotic pressure on the cold and warm denaturation, complicated temperature dependence of the hydrophobic effect as well as providing a conceptual base for understanding the behavior of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins and their analogues.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jan 2014 13:29:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-18
[ [ "Badasyan", "Artem", "" ], [ "Tonoyan", "Shushanik A.", "" ], [ "Giacometti", "Achille", "" ], [ "Podgornik", "Rudolf", "" ], [ "Parsegian", "V. Adrian", "" ], [ "Mamasakhlisov", "Yevgeni Sh.", "" ], [ "Morozov", ...
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null
null
null
null
null
null
null
[ -0.06925001740455627, -0.09089390933513641, -0.016577405855059624, -0.06419649720191956, 0.019522840157151222, 0.04144654422998428, -0.02596050128340721, 0.04088689759373665, 0.026996251195669174, -0.046473197638988495, -0.013620978221297264, 0.10501065105199814, -0.004855836275964975, 0.0...
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