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Studies in postmenopausal women and studies of addback therapy in younger women have shown that norethindrone, but not medroxyprogesterone, treatment has a bonesparing effect on cortical bone but not on trabecular bone.
{ "m": "Stating a negative result", "s": "512.51" }
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W143921209
Result
In addition, norethindrone, 5 or 10 mg daily, has effects on biochemical markers of bone turnover similar to those of estrogen, providing further evidence of a bonesparing effect.
{ "m": "Restating a result or one of several results", "s": "527.96" }
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W143921209
Result
The mechanisms for the effects of norethindrone on bone are unknown, although translocation of the estrogen receptor in an animal model and conversion in vivo to ethinyl estradiol have been postulated.
{ "m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution", "s": "441.22" }
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W143921209
Limitations
A lack of estrogen plays a key role in the development of osteoporosis which is common in postmenopausal women.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "297.12" }
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W143921209
Importance
Estrogen therapy e.g., oral contraceptives reduces menopauserelated bone loss and the risk of bone fracture.
{ "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": "574.38" }
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W143921209
Keywords
It increases bone mass premenopausally.
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W143921209
Background
Medical researchers do not yet clearly know the mechanisms by which estrogen affects bone.
{ "m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study", "s": "488.87" }
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W143921209
Uncertainty
Possible mechanisms include direct, receptormediated actions and indirect actions on systemic hormones.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "485.87" }
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W143921209
Hypothesis
Regulation of cytokine production in the local bone microenvironment may mediate estrogens antiresorptive effect.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "370.36" }
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W143921209
Hypothesis
Estrogen may modify the hormones that regulate calcium balance, e.g., calcitonin.
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W143921209
Hypothesis
Researchers are even less sure of the role of progestins in preventing bone loss.
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W143921209
Uncertainty
Research in postmenopausal women and of addback therapy suggests that norethindrone protects cortical bone but not trabecular bone.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "435.13" }
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W143921209
Hypothesis
Medroxyprogesterone does not have this effect, however.
{ "m": "Detailing specific limitations", "s": "507.06" }
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W143921209
Limitations
A daily dose of 5 or 10 mg of norethindrone has the same effects on biochemical markers of bone turnover as does estrogen.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "455.69" }
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W143921209
Hypothesis
Possible mechanisms by which progestins affect bone are stimulation of translocation of the estrogen receptor in the rat liver and part of norethindrone is converted in vivo to ethinyl estradiol.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "416.16" }
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W143921209
Hypothesis
Even though more research is needed to clarify the effects of estrogens and progestins on bone, the existing findings suggest that these hormones do not adversely affect bone and may even increase bone mass.
{ "m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution", "s": "332.62" }
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W143921209
Limitations
This paper investigates ecollaboration impacts across organizations in Australia and Hong Kong.
{ "m": "Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)", "s": "440.52" }
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W1589876820
Purpose
The two regions were selected because of diversity in geographical dispersion and cultural differences.
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W1589876820
Method
A myriad of ecollaboration activities were included in the study.
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W1589876820
Method
Data collected and analyzed from 73 organizations in Australia and 94 organizations in Hong Kong suggests that there are no significant differences in the level of electronic support for collaboration activities in both the regions.
{ "m": "Comparing the result: supporting previous findings", "s": "450.35" }
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W1589876820
Result
However, significant differences were detected in the perceived impacts of ecollaboration between the two study regions.
{ "m": "Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis", "s": "419.23" }
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W1589876820
Result
Interestingly, there was high level of agreement on ranking of ecollaboration activities and perceived ecollaboration impacts in both the regions.
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W1589876820
Result
Implications of our findings for practice and research are discussed.
{ "m": "Implications and/or recommendations for practice or policy", "s": "290.02" }
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W1589876820
Reccomendations
Journal Article Atlantic Community in Crisis A Redefinition of the Transatlantic Relationship Get access Atlantic Community in Crisis A Redefinition of the Transatlantic Relationship.
{ "m": "Describing the research design and the methods used", "s": "527.58" }
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W1568527752
Method
Edited by Walter F. Hahn and Robert L. Pfaltzgraff.
{ "m": "Describing what other writers do in their published work", "s": "488.89" }
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W1568527752
Method
New York Pergamon Press for the Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis.
{ "m": "Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study", "s": "529.38" }
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W1568527752
Background
1979.
{ "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline: time frame given", "s": "647.62" }
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W1568527752
Importance
386 pp. 28.50.
{ "m": "Describing the characteristics of the participants", "s": "558.37" }
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W1568527752
Method
Roy E. Jones Roy E. Jones 1University College of Wales, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 55, Issue 4, October 1979, Pages 599600, httpsdoi.org10.23072617072 Published 01 October 1979
{ "m": "Referring to secondary sources", "s": "451.45" }
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W1568527752
Background
During recent years,the development of digital imaging industries speeded up much rapidly than the prediction of most expertise people.
{ "m": "Pointing out interesting or important findings", "s": "568.03" }
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W2389978668
Result
An overview of recent several renowned international exhibitions of imaging industries showed that digital imaging products have already played the main role in the worldwide imaging industriesin the meantime,traditional photographic products have retreated to become a secondary player.
{ "m": "Summarising the literature review", "s": "418.05" }
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W2389978668
Other
This paper presents an analysis of the trends of the allround digitization of worldwide imaging industries as deducted from the newest aspects of recent international imaging industries exhibitions.
{ "m": "Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)", "s": "385.72" }
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W2389978668
Purpose
The laser architecture of the NIF beamlines requires smallarea beam dumps to safely absorb back reflections from the output and leakage through the PEPC switch.
{ "m": "Describing the process: infinitive of purpose", "s": "526.74" }
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W1970480804
Method
The problems presented by these beam dumps are that fluences they must absorb are very large, beyond the damage threshold of any material, and ablation of beam dump materials potentially contaminates adjacent optical components.
{ "m": "Indicating methodological problems or limitations", "s": "416.7" }
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W1970480804
Limitations
Full scale tests have demonstrated that a stainless steel beam dump will survive fluence levels and energies as high as 820 jCMsup 2 and 2.5 kJ, respectively.
{ "m": "Summarising the literature review", "s": "498.9" }
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W1970480804
Other
Small scale tests with tungsten, tantalum, and stainless steel have demonstrated erosion rates less than about 0.5 mumshot, with stainless steel having the smallest rate.
{ "m": "Highlighting interesting or surprising results", "s": "425.2" }
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W1970480804
Result
They also suggest that increased angles of incidence ge60degree will greatly reduce the material ablated directly back along the beam path.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "501.47" }
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W1970480804
Hypothesis
Anterior sacral meningocele ASM is a rare condition characterised by the herniation of the meningeal sac anteriorly through a bony defect in the sacrum.
{ "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline", "s": "396.96" }
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W2102805488
Importance
In patients without any symptoms, ASM can be difficult to diagnose.
{ "m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions", "s": "505.59" }
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W2102805488
Result
We present one case of ASM misdiagnosed as pelvic cysts.
{ "m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures", "s": "642.92" }
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W2102805488
Aims
When I was a youngster, there were certain album recordings I would replay over and over again on my fathers living room stereo turntable, typically the songs that made me cry.
{ "m": "Previous research: A historic perspective", "s": "637.74" }
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W2732253959
Background
Yet I would listen ...
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "684.58" }
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W2732253959
Hypothesis
Most of the coal presently used by the utility industry is cleaned at preparation plants employing wet processes.
{ "m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form", "s": "549.94" }
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W2019902295
Method
Water, while being the mainstay of coal washing, is also one of the least desirable components in the final product.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "439.0" }
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W2019902295
Importance
Coarse coal 34 inch is easily dewatered to a 34 percent moisture level using conventional vibrating screens and centrifuges.
{ "m": "Describing the process: adverbs of manner", "s": "349.02" }
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W2019902295
Method
However, the main problem of excess product moisture occurs in fine minus 28 mesh coal and refuse.
{ "m": "Advising cautious interpretation of the findings", "s": "538.91" }
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W2019902295
Limitations
Even though fines may constitute only about 20 percent of a contemporary cleaning plant feed, they account for twothirds of the product surface moisture.
{ "m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution", "s": "225.8" }
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W2019902295
Limitations
This high surface moisture offsets many of the benefits of coal cleaning, and can easily undercut the ongoing programs on recovery of fine clean from refuse as well as producing an ultrafine super clean coal fuel.
{ "m": "Noting implications of the findings", "s": "370.54" }
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W2019902295
Implications
Currently, most of the coal preparation plants utilize vacuum disk or drum filter technology for dewatering of the fine coal, providing dewatered product containing about 25 percent moisture.
{ "m": "Stating what is currently known about the topic", "s": "460.25" }
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W2019902295
Background
The coal industry would prefer to have a product moisture in the range of 10 to 15 percent.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "497.61" }
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W2019902295
Importance
Although the desired product quality can be obtained using thermal dryer, there are problems associated with this technology such asmore high capital costs and a source of air pollution.
{ "m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution", "s": "368.75" }
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W2019902295
Limitations
In the present research project, an alternative to thermal drying, hyperbaric filtration which has shown potential in lowering moisture content in fine coal to less than 20 percent level, is being investigated in detail.
{ "m": "Outlining the structure of a thesis or dissertation", "s": "512.54" }
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W2019902295
Other
The project will develop fundamental information on particleliquid interaction during hyperbaric fiftration and apply the knowledge in developing optimum conditions for the pilot plant testing of the hyperbaric filter system.less
{ "m": "Referring back to the purpose of the paper or study", "s": "582.1" }
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W2019902295
Purpose
This article aims at contributing to the analysis of the reconfiguration of educational categories apparently taking place in the framework of the construction of the European Higher Education Area.
{ "m": "Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study", "s": "390.19" }
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W2126247978
Background
As the concept of learning outcomes is assuming a central position in the dominant European pedagogic discourses, the formative role of knowledge is replaced by the ability to mobilize it individually and socially, i.e., by competences.
{ "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": "486.05" }
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W2126247978
Result
One argues that the reconfiguration of educational categories articulates the change in the educational role attributed to knowledge in the context of the emerging European knowledge economy, challenging the educational debate about the meanings of teaching and learning in higher education and about higher education it...
{ "m": "Commenting on the findings", "s": "488.28" }
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W2126247978
Result
What is the connection between emotions and moral judgments?
{ "m": "Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)", "s": "506.35" }
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W2522459317
Purpose
Neosentimentalism maintains that to say that something is morally wrong is to think it appropriate to resent other people for doing it or to feel guilty upon doing it oneself.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "475.96" }
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W2522459317
Importance
But intuitively, it seems that there is no way to characterize the content of guilt and resentment independent from the fact that these emotions respond to morally wrong actions.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "395.97" }
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W2522459317
Hypothesis
In response to this problem of circularity, modern forms of sentimentalism have favoured a nopriority view, arguing that judgments of moral wrongness cannot be reduced to expressions of feelings of guilt and resentment, but that emotional responses and moral judgments mutually elucidate each other.
{ "m": "Giving reasons why a particular method was adopted", "s": "365.81" }
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W2522459317
Purpose
In the present contribution, I argue that this strategy is not successful the problem of circularity returns at a deeper level of the account, a level at which the nopriority view can no longer escape it.
{ "m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution", "s": "419.2" }
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W2522459317
Limitations
The concept of appropriateness that is invoked by neosentimentalism is liable to the socalled conflationproblem it fails to distinguish between right and wrong kinds of appropriateness.
{ "m": "Detailing specific limitations", "s": "485.41" }
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W2522459317
Limitations
In order to draw that important distinction, neosentimentalism has to presuppose a substantive notion of moral wrongness already.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "524.87" }
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W2522459317
Importance
Moreover, I show that the most influential contemporary attempts to achieve an independent, noncircular fix on the emotions fail for one of the following three reasons they either cease to be sentimentalist, for capture the normative dimension of moral judgment or end up being circular again.
{ "m": "Offering an explanation for the findings", "s": "491.09" }
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W2522459317
Result
The reactions of NbCpCl2Me3SiCCSiMe3 Cp η5C5H4SiMe3 with 2,3dimethyl1,4diphenyl1,4diazabuta1,3diene Me,PhDAD and diketones RCOCOR R Me, Ph gave enediamido complexes NbCpCl2Me,PhDAD 1 and enediolato complexes NbCpCl2ORCCRO R Me, 2 Ph, 3, respectively, with simultaneous elimination of bistrimethylsilylacetylene.
{ "m": "Highlighting significant data in a table or chart", "s": "453.17" }
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W1965036156
Result
The NMR spectroscopic data of these compounds are in agreement with a supine conformation, with respect to the Cp ring, of the enediamido and enediolato ligands.
{ "m": "Stating a positive result", "s": "441.72" }
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[ 1.3656736612319946, -1.0224279165267944, -1.5917329788208008, 0.678010106086731, 2.3161840438842773, -0.2525002658367157, -0.4622833728790283, -1.5545519590377808, -0.1692659854888916, -0.7337082028388977, -1.042924165725708, 1.9339299201965332, -0.7029126882553101, 0.5388234853744507, -...
W1965036156
Result
In order to gain further information concerning the bonding capabilities of the enediamido ligand, a DFT study of the model complex NbCpCl2HNCHCHNH I was performed.
{ "m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures", "s": "476.82" }
[ 0.0014826327096670866, 0.9640077352523804, -2.781817674636841, -0.32166820764541626, 0.4831494390964508, -0.12138266861438751, -1.0494178533554077, -1.2642518281936646, 0.6077858209609985, -0.13337144255638123, -0.7372044324874878, 1.1037704944610596, 1.2092747688293457, -1.079429388046264...
[ 0.7594156265258789, 1.2068277597427368, 0.7221163511276245, -0.4431210458278656, 0.8561632037162781, -1.4082233905792236, 0.05325278639793396, -0.8803831338882446, 1.3123815059661865, 0.23620696365833282, -0.294771283864975, 0.482098251581192, 1.1748108863830566, -0.2895120680332184, 0.1...
W1965036156
Aims
For comparison, a DFT analysis of the model compound NbCpCl2η4CH2CHCHCH2 II was also carried out.
{ "m": "Describing the process: expressing purpose with for", "s": "524.55" }
[ 0.04830869659781456, 0.3610483407974243, -3.1805171966552734, -0.7549114227294922, 0.9152433276176453, 0.22844544053077698, -0.577492356300354, -0.8670048713684082, -0.21348850429058075, 0.04188366234302521, -0.7800109386444092, 0.2968985140323639, 0.8117328882217407, -0.7210775017738342, ...
[ 0.41900888085365295, 0.2930678129196167, -0.03041069023311138, -1.1744338274002075, 0.3015042543411255, -0.7643389105796814, 0.40565383434295654, -1.6926010847091675, -0.25105908513069153, 0.3948776423931122, 0.2096501886844635, 0.3732163608074188, 1.5770106315612793, 1.2702997922897339, ...
W1965036156
Method
Differences in the bonding description of the diazabutadiene and butadiene ligands bonded to a common NbCpCl2 moiety are discussed.
{ "m": "Synthesising sources: contrasting evidence or ideas", "s": "427.16" }
[ 0.2732545733451843, -0.06009173020720482, -2.892855167388916, -0.3419928252696991, 1.1496776342391968, -0.16190695762634277, -1.091349720954895, -1.1858768463134766, -0.4677261710166931, -0.8080359697341919, -0.3110671937465668, 1.4095244407653809, 1.2156044244766235, -1.2608178853988647, ...
[ 0.08513916283845901, 0.04479273408651352, -1.2613449096679688, -1.3807319402694702, 1.406118392944336, 1.1093714237213135, -1.2834831476211548, -2.317415475845337, -1.474378228187561, -1.038309931755066, 0.1806524246931076, 0.10432325303554535, -0.4367312788963318, 1.8117400407791138, -0...
W1965036156
Uncertainty
A detailed analysis of the fragment orbital interactions in I provides no evidence for any positive overlap between the Nb centre and the inner carbon atoms of the DAD ligand.
{ "m": "Stating a negative result", "s": "243.83" }
[ -0.34547194838523865, 0.32052966952323914, -2.33544659614563, -0.6685416102409363, 0.4675993323326111, 1.3860961198806763, -0.4369228482246399, -0.9102028012275696, 0.29129114747047424, -1.0483781099319458, -0.003054129658266902, 0.07947450876235962, 0.029026996344327927, -0.97390902042388...
[ 1.9854731559753418, -1.041607141494751, -0.7739733457565308, 0.3179386854171753, 1.2514257431030273, 1.1243668794631958, 0.6981489658355713, -0.29471445083618164, -0.7983113527297974, -1.5443270206451416, -1.7045902013778687, 1.1688275337219238, 0.8115782737731934, -0.8437925577163696, -...
W1965036156
Result
Dialkylation of the dichloro complex 1 gave dialkyl derivatives NbCpR2Me,PhDAD R Me, 4 CH2SiMe3, 5 CH2C6H5, 6, for which the NMR spectroscopic data suggests a prone conformation of the DAD ligand.
{ "m": "Describing the process: expressing purpose with for", "s": "504.44" }
[ -0.6480051875114441, 0.15800213813781738, -2.6627111434936523, -0.7279126048088074, 0.3062781095504761, -0.1896701455116272, -0.5517846345901489, -0.8272730708122253, 0.37200671434402466, -0.9187008738517761, -1.39388108253479, 0.7821595668792725, 1.818190097808838, -0.7130345106124878, ...
[ -0.4208926558494568, -1.0220270156860352, -1.0910191535949707, -1.1222848892211914, 1.7819011211395264, -1.5966095924377441, -0.11710546910762787, -2.033796787261963, 0.19117434322834015, 0.22283942997455597, -1.0745434761047363, 1.1722524166107178, 1.0802993774414062, 0.3329533338546753, ...
W1965036156
Method
Treatment of the dimethyl derivative 4 with carbon monoxide and 2,6dimethylphenyl isocyanide led to the formation of the oxa and azaniobacyclopropane complexes NbCpη2ECMe2Me,PhDAD E O, 7 N2,6Me2C6H3, 8, respectively.
{ "m": "Summarising the results section", "s": "440.0" }
[ 0.15711279213428497, 0.283651739358902, -3.0654959678649902, 0.24097153544425964, 0.7570866942405701, -0.3548326790332794, -0.859696626663208, -0.7958548069000244, 1.2019286155700684, -0.21139654517173767, -1.0364679098129272, 0.28143414855003357, 1.5354957580566406, -0.5591548085212708, ...
[ 0.3530028760433197, 0.25237277150154114, -2.3374409675598145, -1.7355170249938965, 1.5491176843643188, -2.4869823455810547, 1.4396849870681763, -0.816929817199707, 0.057914089411497116, -0.23234382271766663, -0.9519391059875488, 0.11267437785863876, 2.272972822189331, -0.33664199709892273,...
W1965036156
Result
Subsequent insertion of isocyanide into the NbC bond of 7 proceeds with formation of derivatives NbCpη2OCMe2CNArxMe,PhDAD, Ar 2,6Me2C6H3 x 1, 9 2, 10.
{ "m": "Summarising the results section", "s": "436.24" }
[ 0.7048953175544739, 0.8229925632476807, -3.241837739944458, -0.4276404082775116, 0.8710228800773621, -0.27339255809783936, -1.1073427200317383, -0.8739661574363708, 1.0130031108856201, -1.02024245262146, -1.3700612783432007, 0.7955617308616638, 0.7987052798271179, -0.23057909309864044, 0...
[ 0.9198174476623535, -0.22244863212108612, -0.6704171895980835, -0.7426562309265137, 0.893426239490509, -2.3691492080688477, 1.571787714958191, -1.8497140407562256, 0.21237711608409882, -0.7111396193504333, -1.2285932302474976, 0.3391108512878418, 1.376308560371399, 1.1093653440475464, -0...
W1965036156
Result
All the complexes isolated were characterized by IR and NMR 1H, 13C1H spectroscopy.
{ "m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form", "s": "502.27" }
[ -0.7354881763458252, 0.20609989762306213, -3.2145955562591553, -0.6253114342689514, 0.4949638545513153, -0.8716784119606018, -0.37459442019462585, -0.44128382205963135, 0.8070383071899414, 0.16697217524051666, -1.0052708387374878, 0.06298324465751648, 1.0674091577529907, 0.2025127857923507...
[ -0.17348438501358032, -1.5145530700683594, -1.8506824970245361, -0.5250820517539978, 0.9121105670928955, -1.8677706718444824, 0.5167047381401062, -2.2354490756988525, -0.8642250299453735, -0.08269590884447098, -1.2625136375427246, 1.137322187423706, 0.4475319981575012, 0.7968401312828064, ...
W1965036156
Method
WileyVCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002
{ "m": "Stating what is currently known about the topic", "s": "596.93" }
[ -0.21027213335037231, -0.9435554146766663, -3.8469603061676025, -0.6624261140823364, -0.15147584676742554, -0.4592401683330536, -0.26910415291786194, 0.38542401790618896, -0.3109726011753082, 0.14145535230636597, -0.4029502868652344, 0.4135068356990814, 0.874715268611908, 0.018405385315418...
[ -2.057586908340454, -2.2776713371276855, -2.4719371795654297, -0.33737248182296753, 0.09615907073020935, -0.28085750341415405, -0.24483853578567505, -0.3384297490119934, -1.2988771200180054, 0.3256465196609497, -0.6438573002815247, 0.02359122224152088, 1.1281572580337524, -2.21351909637451...
W1965036156
Background
Laser cladding LC was used to investigate the repair of high strength steel in aircraft applications, such as landing gears.
{ "m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures", "s": "401.31" }
[ 1.2464839220046997, 0.2978685796260834, -3.6119232177734375, -1.2020432949066162, -0.35600265860557556, -0.4860170781612396, -0.13642527163028717, 0.7375665307044983, 0.11307143419981003, -0.5509414672851562, 0.27189767360687256, -0.2161596268415451, 1.4977401494979858, -0.3600250482559204...
[ -0.6493165493011475, -0.09720316529273987, -1.892237901687622, -1.1273101568222046, 0.9082071185112, -2.081319808959961, 0.40312182903289795, -1.1716021299362183, 0.4789680540561676, -0.45590636134147644, -0.07931086421012878, 0.833427369594574, 1.330586552619934, 0.5269873142242432, 0.2...
W1503231833
Aims
This paper reports on the microstructure and microhardness properties of the deposited AISI 4340 clad layer on AISI 4340 steel substrate.
{ "m": "Outlining the structure of a short paper", "s": "456.29" }
[ 0.8412702083587646, 1.2177249193191528, -3.3187901973724365, -0.23468968272209167, 0.27694928646087646, 0.11771225184202194, 0.881554126739502, -0.6887995004653931, 0.23770181834697723, -0.08296804130077362, 0.09411775320768356, 0.8706458210945129, 0.21253828704357147, -0.49636489152908325...
[ -0.589455783367157, -1.2872389554977417, -2.024722099304199, -1.0125443935394287, 1.551655888557434, -3.566866874694824, -0.7435786128044128, -1.5718941688537598, -1.0006505250930786, -1.4412444829940796, 0.6200130581855774, -0.6410684585571289, -0.07861387729644775, -0.07189571857452393, ...
W1503231833
Other
Microhardness results showed the clad layer was 3040 harder than the base material.
{ "m": "Stating a positive result", "s": "458.14" }
[ 2.1414003372192383, 1.3067795038223267, -4.066718578338623, -0.07488670200109482, 0.7924603819847107, 0.616989016532898, 0.7853579521179199, -0.05512455850839615, 0.10681440681219101, -0.3420007824897766, -0.9857116341590881, 0.5751971006393433, -0.6205049753189087, -0.03498809039592743, ...
[ 1.9329394102096558, -0.5491547584533691, -2.023336410522461, 0.42749765515327454, 1.9778013229370117, -0.09316930919885635, 0.6265860199928284, 0.006569203455001116, -0.2976348400115967, -1.4968162775039673, -1.4930554628372192, 2.5043857097625732, -0.08832886070013046, 0.08662500232458115...
W1503231833
Result
Stress relieving the clad allowed the clad and HAZ areas to soften 10 below the base material.
{ "m": "Restating a result or one of several results", "s": "443.76" }
[ 0.7556983828544617, 1.6556892395019531, -4.0812249183654785, -1.113350749015808, 0.03829865902662277, -0.19945794343948364, 1.1021151542663574, 0.9624938368797302, 0.8737965226173401, -0.9146804213523865, -1.3245810270309448, 0.3193628489971161, 0.292328804731369, 0.44989731907844543, 1....
[ 2.4660961627960205, 1.6095976829528809, -2.8360445499420166, -0.25170794129371643, 1.976974368095398, 0.03260000795125961, 1.674117088317871, 0.7827036380767822, 0.9932461380958557, -1.5045256614685059, -1.0259374380111694, 1.253381609916687, 0.6971504092216492, 1.636294960975647, 0.9222...
W1503231833
Result
High dilution provided a favorable result on the hardness at the interface.
{ "m": "Stating a positive result", "s": "416.27" }
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[ 1.7263518571853638, 1.429835319519043, -2.0900893211364746, 0.18929727375507355, 1.2843644618988037, 0.9886397123336792, -0.20603549480438232, 0.03524772822856903, 0.9567409753799438, -1.115928292274475, -0.19975128769874573, 1.325150728225708, 1.0347132682800293, 0.15266567468643188, 0....
W1503231833
Result
In Tanzania, oral health services are mostly in the form of dental extractions aimed at alleviating acute dental pain.
{ "m": "Outlining the structure of a thesis or dissertation", "s": "495.52" }
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[ 0.11460050940513611, -0.7470285892486572, -3.3441648483276367, -0.41328996419906616, 2.2157070636749268, -1.8435956239700317, -0.3278346359729767, -1.8129088878631592, -0.33931928873062134, -0.516430139541626, 0.9720581769943237, -0.016088634729385376, 0.1536807417869568, 1.671312332153320...
W1611726011
Other
Conservative methods of alleviating acute dental pain are virtually nonexistent.
{ "m": "Indicating an expected outcome", "s": "540.19" }
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W1611726011
Hypothesis
Therefore, it was the aim of this study to determine treatment success of emergency pulpotomy in relieving acute dental pain.
{ "m": "Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study", "s": "399.16" }
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[ 0.6780976057052612, 2.8400139808654785, 1.6081351041793823, 0.052346449345350266, -0.2593364119529724, -0.45570966601371765, -0.9713481068611145, -1.1304951906204224, 1.4124383926391602, 0.4279744327068329, 0.7273059487342834, 0.7159334421157837, 1.5503207445144653, 0.5701430439949036, 0...
W1611726011
Background
School of Dentistry, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
{ "m": "Describing the characteristics of the participants", "s": "549.65" }
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[ -0.5917695760726929, -0.5250158309936523, -2.8741726875305176, -0.8300728797912598, 0.30538108944892883, -0.4791664481163025, -0.12478644400835037, -0.5225714445114136, 0.4085000455379486, -0.7876484990119934, 0.8487099409103394, 0.26316216588020325, 1.5308741331100464, 0.03652240708470344...
W1611726011
Method
Longitudinal study.180 patients who presented with dental pain due to acute irreversible pulpitis during the study period between July and August 2001.
{ "m": "Indicating criteria for selection or inclusion in the study", "s": "498.26" }
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[ 0.12230310589075089, 0.7366912364959717, -1.2205207347869873, -2.0526859760284424, 0.25167787075042725, 0.11318648606538773, -0.9067694544792175, -1.2697850465774536, 0.4842068552970886, 1.8122162818908691, -1.1671241521835327, -0.4416666626930237, 1.7379212379455566, 0.06680430471897125, ...
W1611726011
Method
Treatment and evaluation Patients were treated by emergency pulpotomy on permanent posterior teeth and were evaluated for pain after one, three and six weeks posttreatment.
{ "m": "Describing the process: statistical procedures", "s": "491.1" }
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W1611726011
Method
Pain, if present, was categorised as either mild or acute.
{ "m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions", "s": "512.52" }
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[ 1.935405969619751, -0.9414461851119995, -2.062276840209961, -0.7920932173728943, 2.551464319229126, -0.3579096794128418, 0.5094722509384155, -1.5486458539962769, 1.232171654701233, -0.5789614915847778, -0.5168392062187195, 1.7797410488128662, 0.640874981880188, 0.22665885090827942, 0.575...
W1611726011
Result
Of the patients with treated premolars, 25 13.9 patients did not experience pain at all while 19 10.6 experienced mild pain.
{ "m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates", "s": "402.93" }
[ 1.0355931520462036, 1.0718828439712524, -2.9992034435272217, -0.8335211873054504, 0.2231290638446808, -0.739460825920105, -0.19265034794807434, 0.15174466371536255, 1.3427085876464844, -0.40185627341270447, -1.3024661540985107, 0.12297838181257248, -0.30241069197654724, -2.3373706340789795...
[ 0.5830973982810974, -0.30063724517822266, -2.1433775424957275, 0.0006978281307965517, 1.9635597467422485, -0.8212479948997498, 0.31296634674072266, -1.5682607889175415, -0.13924920558929443, -0.2414264678955078, -1.800869107246399, 1.1086243391036987, -0.29321178793907166, -0.6470531821250...
W1611726011
Method
None of the patients with treated premolars experienced acute pain.
{ "m": "Stating a negative result", "s": "333.73" }
[ 1.261167287826538, 1.070859670639038, -2.756474494934082, -0.5331495404243469, 0.43005380034446716, 0.10101136565208435, -0.9003742337226868, 0.3558252453804016, 1.354798436164856, -0.22842277586460114, -1.4239752292633057, 0.06478122621774673, 0.20438890159130096, -2.5010790824890137, -...
[ 2.5213327407836914, -0.47181329131126404, -1.238273024559021, 0.7784640789031982, 0.8436133861541748, 1.5191344022750854, -0.014321784488856792, -0.5580150485038757, -0.24087806046009064, -1.0395969152450562, -1.5409654378890991, 2.0861222743988037, 0.1150045096874237, -0.8493738174438477,...
W1611726011
Result
Among 136 patients with treated molars 56 31 did not experience any pain, 76 42.2 experienced mild pain and the other 4 2.2 suffered acute pain.
{ "m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates", "s": "405.53" }
[ 1.209127426147461, 0.21723899245262146, -2.9421303272247314, -0.36233142018318176, 0.3449009954929352, -0.6933168172836304, -0.5819219350814819, 0.044077541679143906, 1.0329772233963013, 0.36735081672668457, -0.735370934009552, 0.39951685070991516, -0.21076589822769165, -1.807740330696106,...
[ 0.35269662737846375, -0.3097456097602844, -2.147071123123169, 0.07618208229541779, 1.6066502332687378, 0.001962843118235469, 1.2089307308197021, -1.1264156103134155, 0.22269782423973083, 0.4426843225955963, -1.4025992155075073, 0.35168755054473877, 0.3739626705646515, -0.5305138826370239, ...
W1611726011
Method
The short term treatment success of emergency pulpotomy was high being 100 for premolars and 97.1 for molars, suggesting that it can be recommended as a measure to alleviate acute dental pain while other conservative treatment options are being considered.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "374.92" }
[ 0.8445030450820923, 0.4657615125179291, -2.9796106815338135, -0.17097218334674835, 0.9812692403793335, -1.2012581825256348, -0.8410356044769287, 0.018698859959840775, 1.2865279912948608, 0.368182897567749, 0.27258363366127014, -1.1654493808746338, 0.6688458323478699, -1.614445447921753, ...
[ 0.2880333960056305, 1.6474370956420898, 1.7606154680252075, 0.007735273335129023, 1.8780056238174438, -0.10736673325300217, -1.0186973810195923, -1.4849258661270142, 0.8953404426574707, 0.8163501620292664, 1.181636929512024, -0.37806567549705505, -1.0073407888412476, 3.1428773403167725, ...
W1611726011
Hypothesis
Chylothorax is an extremely rare but potentially lifethreatening complication of radical neck dissection.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "372.64" }
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[ 0.9687619805335999, 1.422134280204773, -0.6334046721458435, 0.31294775009155273, -0.3320419192314148, 2.377199411392212, -1.0482687950134277, 1.7805156707763672, 1.4405734539031982, -1.2261898517608643, 0.05102650076150894, 0.9393662810325623, 0.5942337512969971, 0.1564428210258484, 0.71...
W2011670645
Importance
Its rarity makes surgeons unfamiliar with its management.
{ "m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study", "s": "473.34" }
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W2011670645
Uncertainty
We report the case of a bilateral chylothorax occurring after a left radical neck dissection and discuss its management.
{ "m": "Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)", "s": "546.39" }
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[ 1.1237725019454956, -0.9768028259277344, -0.8384475708007812, -0.9862130880355835, 1.9472242593765259, -2.584688425064087, -0.5385007858276367, -0.8209905028343201, -0.528506875038147, -0.20647214353084564, 1.9849679470062256, 2.104344129562378, -0.061991941183805466, 1.108583688735962, ...
W2011670645
Purpose
A multidisciplinary approach is advocated, involving surgical, respiratory and dietetic input, and this led to a favourable outcome for our patient.
{ "m": "Commenting on the strengths of the current study", "s": "464.69" }
[ 0.8703182935714722, 0.6624242663383484, -3.331131935119629, -0.3971642255783081, 0.035524725914001465, -0.3091256618499756, -0.3327964246273041, -0.8821816444396973, 0.48033225536346436, -0.1883416622877121, 0.9016839265823364, -0.46459048986434937, 2.2566022872924805, 0.4634218215942383, ...
[ 1.4189157485961914, 1.3392179012298584, 0.6806771159172058, -0.9405809640884399, 1.331954002380371, -0.4259987473487854, -0.15139265358448029, -0.8164430856704712, 1.457200527191162, -0.041380856186151505, 0.5062559843063354, 0.624752402305603, 1.4246370792388916, 0.163011372089386, 1.18...
W2011670645
Result
A constantly growing social demand for orthopedic implants has been observed in Poland.
{ "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": "475.98" }
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[ -0.03309670090675354, 0.647386908531189, -2.843013286590576, 0.07208508253097534, 0.3014509081840515, -0.043955713510513306, -0.8859636187553406, -0.30420002341270447, 0.749174952507019, -0.9111839532852173, -0.9270315170288086, 0.6009120941162109, -0.3358956277370453, 0.21340632438659668,...
W1583351496
Importance
It is estimated that about 5 of patients experience postoperation complications.
{ "m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions", "s": "416.51" }
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[ 1.8093814849853516, -0.8392108678817749, -1.2319281101226807, 0.4402567744255066, 1.3202601671218872, 0.14120040833950043, 0.07973016798496246, -2.132572889328003, 1.037919521331787, -1.3793511390686035, -0.9573016166687012, 1.7711150646209717, -0.6853224039077759, -0.2628735303878784, 1...
W1583351496
Result
It is suspected that in this group of patients an allergic reaction contributes to rejection of metal implants.
{ "m": "Suggesting general hypotheses", "s": "480.89" }
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W1583351496
Hypothesis
The aim of our study was to assess contact allergy to metals in 14 people 9 women and 5 men suffering from poor implant tolerance.
{ "m": "Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study", "s": "346.97" }
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W1583351496
Background
In some of them, recurrent skin eruptions, generalized or nearby implants, have occurred and in 3 patients skin fistula was observed.
{ "m": "Summarising the results section", "s": "494.29" }
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W1583351496
Result