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BACKGROUND |
A substantial percentage of the aerosol produced by a nebulizer is lost down the expiratory limb of the ventilator circuit. We describe a method for the capture, return, and re-aerosolization of that undelivered aerosol. |
METHODS |
We designed an expiratory-limb setup in which an "entraining jet" of gas accelerates unused aerosol and propels it toward an impaction surface. The deposited solution is then returned to the nebulizer reservoir via a feedback tube. As a result, more of the initial dose is delivered to the patient. The fraction of the d... |
RESULTS |
There was a statistically significant improvement with the feedback return to the reservoir, with up to nearly 60% more aerosol delivered. |
CONCLUSION |
This improvement in aerosol delivery is encouraging, but more comprehensive studies are needed before such a device could be implemented clinically.[Application of alpha-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive in fixation of intratemporal facial nerve within chitin chamber]. |
OBJECTIVE |
To study the feasibility of alpha-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive in fixation of intratemporal facial nerve when nerve was repaired within chitin chamber, and to investigate the nerve regeneration. |
METHODS |
Nerve defect of 6 mm was made in left intratemporal facial nerves of 48 rabbits. All the defects were bridged with chitin chamber and were fixed by alpha-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive, surgical suture and natural union. Nerve function test and histomorphological examination were carried out at 1 month and 3 months aft... |
RESULTS |
It was observed that the nerve was fixed firmly to the chamber with no crack or crease by alpha-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive. The regenerated new nerve fibers were more regular and denser and the neurological function recovered much better in the group fixed by alpha-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive than in the groups ... |
CONCLUSION |
The medical adhesive is strong in adhesion and beneficial to nerve repair; repair of intratemporal facial nerve defect within chitin chamber fixed by alpha-cyanoacrylate medical adhesive is feasible, simple and timesaving.Preparing registered nurses depends on "us and us and all of us". |
The primary goal of undergraduate nursing education is the preparation of graduates able to function as competent beginning clinicians. Avariety of academic-service partnerships are being used to support the clinical preparation of undergraduate nurses but, in today's demanding and fiscally challenged health and educat... |
Efficient water management in agriculture requires an accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET). Even though local measurements can be used to estimate the components of the surface energy balance, these values cannot be extrapolated to large areas due to the heterogeneity and complexity of agricultural and natura... |
The busbar protection relays typically implements low impedance percentage differential principle using dual slope characteristics. These relays may sometimes misoperate in response to the CT saturation during close-in external faults, and the subsidence current present after clearing external faults. A primary reason ... |
Our investigation aims to answer which scenarios LXC, a lightweight virtualization solution, can offer a better performance than KVM, a hypervisor-based virtualization, or even equal to native environments. For that, we are considering HPC I/O bound applications and the effects of resource sharing on the performance of... |
Abstract Crop damage caused by fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugipera J.E. Smith (1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has generated concern among agriculturists globally. In 2019, FAW was first reported in Sri Lanka, where it caused significant losses to corn crops. However, given that the two FAW biotypes – “rice strai... |
Retinal images are the most direct and effective basis for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) diagnosis. With the rapid development of deep learning, the technology of retinal image-assisted diagnosis based on deep learning is widely used in the field of DR intelligent diagnosis. However, the training of deep neural network usu... |
Arctic cyclones are an extremely common, year-round phenomenon, with substantial influence on sea ice. However, few studies address the heterogeneity in the spatial patterns in the atmosphere and sea ice during Arctic cyclones. We investigate these spatial patterns by compositing on cyclones from 1985-2016 using a nove... |
Although schedule design has further potential to reduce airline operation costs and flight delay, the effectiveness of the globally optimal schedule design integrating air traffic flow has not been discussed thus far. This paper presents a global multi-objective takeoff time optimization to design efficient flight sch... |
This survey was performed in order to investigate the incidence of adverse reactions to radiopharmaceuticals in FY2013 in Japan. It was based on responses to questionnaires sent to nuclear medicine institutions. The reply was obtained from 997 institutions among 1,249 to which the questionnaire had been sent. Eight cas... |
Neurons are specialized cells with a complex morphology that represent the functional unit of the nervous system. They are generated in remarkable numbers, particularly in higher vertebrates. In the human brain, for example, there may be ∼85 billion neurons (Williams and Herrup 1988). There is little cell division in t... |
The article is devoted to the practice of awarding a personal pension on the occasion of the loss of a breadwinner to the relatives of people outstanding in the sphere of culture, science and revolutionary movement in the period of 1920–1930. The main sources for analysis include the pension documents kept in the State... |
Objective. To investigate the effects of endometrial thickness measurements and serum hormone levels on the outcomes of GnRH antagonist down-regulated ICSI cycles. Study design. Forty consecutive infertile women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with recombinant FSH and GnRH antagonists for ICSI were enrol... |
The most important reason for growing field crops is food consumption. Only some of the total amount of field crop species are mostly used for cultivation in the largest part of arable land. These crops ensure high economic income. This is the reason why biological diversity has decreased. Crop rotation is considered t... |
Intermittent tracking technique can be used in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver to reduce its power consumption. To the pedestrian and vehicle navigation in the urban areas, an open loop with the Kalman filter for the GNSS signal intermittent tracking is proposed and its tracking accuracy relation... |
This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of soil and foliar application of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) fertilizer on pomegranate (Punica granatum L cv. ‘Ghojagh’) in a calcareous soil. A two year trial (2002–2004) was conducted in a randomized complete block design with seven treatments in triplicates. Fol... |
Should a seller make information about its products readily accessible to customers, so that customers do not have to incur any substantive cost — in terms of time and effort — to learn about those products? To help answer this question, we consider a monopolist selling two substitute products to a population of custom... |
Background: Quarantine for cross-region traveling has slowed the transmission of SARS-CoV-2/coronavirus. However, it has had a negative impact on mental health and economic recovery. The study aimed to estimate a responsible and pragmatic quarantine period using a mathematic model. |
Method: We constructed a retrospective mathematical modeling using data from the World Health Organization coronavirus disease database. Four risk levels and 16 different cross-border scenarios were designed and analyzed. We then sought the optimal quarantine duration in different situations using a logarithmic regress... |
Findings: The mean optimal quarantine days was found to be 1·4, 6·5, 10, and 14 days for the scenarios of traveling from very-high-risk countries to very-high-, high-, moderate- and low-risk countries, respectively. The mean optimal quarantine days regarding from high-risk countries to very-high-, high-, moderate- and ... |
Interpretation: The quarantine period for cross-region travelling could be adjusted based on the ratio of incidence rate between the two countries. We recommend a optimal quarantine period for travelers from a low-risk country entering a higher risk country in the early stage of COVID-19 massive vaccination. |
Funding: No external funding |
Declaration of Interest: None to declareSERONEGATIVE JRA PATIENTS EXPRESS THE MAJOR RHEUMATOID FACTOR CROSS-REACTIVE IDIOTYPE |
The majority of children with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA), are seronegative for rheumatoid factor (RF) by classical Fc binding assays, and are clinically separable fro ft RF+ adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The major RF cross-reactive idiotype (RCRI) defined by monoclonal IgM RFs is preferentially expres... |
Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the influence of irradiation damage on the mechanical properties of copper. In the simulation, the energy of primary knocked-on atoms (PKAs) ranges from 1 to 10 keV, and the results indicate that the number of point defects (vacancies and interstitials) increa... |
The Wiley-Interscience Paperback Series consists of selected books that have been made more accessible to consumers in an effort to increase In both the increasingly important and distribution we show how these methods. Our experiments demonstrate that together can deal with most applications technometrics. In an appro... |
Fifteen independent 1‐nsec MD simulations of fully solvated Ca2+ saturated calmodulin (CaM) mutant D129N were performed from different initial conditions to provide a sufficient statistical basis to gauge the significance of observed dynamical properties. In all MD simulations the four Ca2+ ions remained in their bindi... |
Spin-exchange collisions often play a dominant role in the broadening of Zeeman resonances in an alkali-metal vapor. Contrary to intuitive expectations, at high alkali-metal densities this broadening can be completely eliminated by operating in a low magnetic field, allowing construction of ultrasensitive atomic magnet... |
The electrical resistivity-temperature curve (ρ-T ) of Sn-0.7Cu-xBi (wt.%) melts was measured, and anomalous changes were observed on the ρ-T curve at the temperature far above the corresponding liquidus. The results reveal that the melts have experienced a temperatureinduced liquid-liquid transition (LLT), and the tra... |
This paper design the method of strengthening the recycled aggregate by nano-solution. By testing the surface hardness and pore structure changes of the recycled aggregate after immersing in different concentrations of nano-solutions (nano calcium carbonate, nano-silica, sodium silicate) together with SEM observations ... |
There has been much interest in graphene-based electronic devices because graphene provides excellent electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. [ 1 ] In this sense, organic electronic devices using graphene electrodes have attracted considerable attention, and several reports have described the use of graphene so... |
his poetry, also delve into those issues, often through unexpectedly apt and occasionally jarring images of Bear in situations where we have not already encountered him. Even the previously published poems and the excerpts from the novels take on new valence through being contextualized with other work, including the v... |
Mechanical Turk is useful for generating complex speech resources like conversational speech transcription. In this work, we explore the next step of eliciting narrations of Wikipedia articles to improve accessibility for low-literacy users. This task proves a useful test-bed to implement qualitative vetting of workers... |
Functional testing of applications that process the information stored in databases often requires a careful design of the test database. The larger the test database, the more difficult it is to develop and maintain tests as well as to load and reset the test data. This paper presents an approach to reduce a database ... |
The insulation level of 10kV power distribution line is low, which is vulnerable to the direct lightning and induction lightning. Lightning is one of the important reasons for the accident of distribution network. In order to reduce lightning accidents and improve the power supply reliability of distribution network, i... |
Abstract Background In September 2016, the Korean National Health Insurance Service began reimbursing infection control (IC) costs on condition that dedicated doctors and nurses for IC should be allocated in the hospital. We assessed the Impact of IC cost reimbursement policy on trends in central line-associated bloods... |
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