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Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) causes diarrhoeal disease by altering enterocyte physiology and producing mucosal inflammation. Many details concerning the host response against EPEC remain unknown. We evaluated the role of EPEC virulence factors on the inflammatory response through an analysis of bacterial re... |
OBJECTIVE |
The purpose of this study was to analyze fracture patterns and related effects of laryngeal trauma and to assess the value of 2D multiplanar reformation (MPR) and 3D reconstruction. |
MATERIALS AND METHODS |
Among 4222 consecutively registered trauma patients who underwent emergency MDCT, 38 patients had presented with laryngeal trauma. Axial, 2D MPR, 3D volume-rendered, and virtual endoscopic images were analyzed retrospectively by two blinded observers according to predefined criteria. Laryngeal fractures, soft-tissue in... |
RESULTS |
Fifty-nine fractures (37 thyroid, 13 cricoid, nine arytenoid) were present in 38 patients. They were isolated in 21 (55%) patients. The other 17 (45%) patients had additional injuries to the neck, face, brain, chest, or abdomen. Laryngeal fractures were bilateral in 31 (82%) patients and were associated with hyoid bone... |
CONCLUSION |
The use of 2D MPR and 3D volume rendering with or without virtual endoscopy improved assessment of thyroid and hyoid bone fractures, arytenoid luxations, and laryngotracheal narrowing, providing helpful data for optimal management.Recovery of structure and function following transection of the primary olfactory nerves ... |
Preliminary experimentation on ring doves to ascertain whether they might regulate any aspects of their reproductive behavior in terms of olfactory cues was vitiated by the discovery that their sectioned olfactory nerves had apparently regenerated. Concurrent work on frogs has shown that the olfactory receptors degener... |
OBJECTIVE |
To investigate the effects of steady shear flow on the deformation properties of an adherent leukocyte and its nucleus. |
METHOD |
A compound drop model was developed to simulate the leukocyte adhered to the inner surface of a blood vessel, and a two dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was conducted to solve the model equations. |
RESULT |
The results show: 1) The Reynolds number of the external shear flow plays a crucial role in leukocyte deformation. Leukocyte deformation increases with Reynolds number; 2) The nucleus deforms together with the leukocyte, and the deformation index of the leukocyte is greater than that of the nucleus. The leukocyte is mo... |
CONCLUSION |
The nucleus with high viscosity plays a particular role in leukocyte deformation under shear flow.Middle Russian Future Periphrastic Constructions in the Light of Language Contacts |
ABSTRACT This paper examines periphrastic constructions with future time reference in Middle Russian, focusing on constructions with an inchoative verb and an infinitive clause: počnu ‘begin’ + inf, načnu ‘begin’ + inf, imu ‘take > begin’ + inf, učnu ‘begin’+ inf, and stanu ‘rise > begin, become’+ inf. The author compa... |
To date our studies demonstrate that PspA is a highly immunogenic molecule in mice and that it can elicit immunity to otherwise fatal infections following iv, ip, in, and it challenge. Although the molecule is serologically variable, it is sufficiently cross-reactive so that immunization with a single PspA can protect ... |
STUDY QUESTION |
What is the effect of antioxidants acetyl-L-carnitine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and α-lipoic acid (A3) in vitrification and warming solutions on mouse blastocyst development and viability? |
SUMMARY ANSWER |
The combination of three antioxidants in vitrification solutions resulted in mouse blastocysts with higher developmental potential in vitro and increased viability as assessed by both an outgrowth model in vitro and fetal development following uterine transfer. |
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY |
The antioxidant combination of acetyl-L-carnitine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and α-lipoic acid present in IVF handling and embryo culture media has significant beneficial effects on mouse embryo and fetal development, especially under oxidative stress. |
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION |
The study was a laboratory-based analysis of an animal model. Rapid cooling through vitrification was conducted on F1 mouse blastocysts, with antioxidants (A3) supplemented in vitrification and/or warming solutions, followed by culture and embryo transfer. |
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS |
Pronucleate oocytes were collected and cultured in groups to Day 4 blastocysts. Expanded blastocysts were vitrified and warmed in solutions with and without the A3 antioxidants and cultured for a further 24 h. Blastocyst cell number and allocation, apoptosis and histone acetylation levels were all quantified, and viabi... |
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE |
Mouse blastocysts vitrified with no antioxidants had significantly lower cell numbers (P < 0.001) and higher apoptotic cells (P < 0.05) compared to non-vitrified embryos. Addition of combined A3 antioxidants to the vitrification and warming solutions resulted in a significant increase in inner cell mass cell (ICM) nu... |
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION |
Embryo development was only examined in the mouse. |
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS |
Results in this study demonstrate that vitrification and warming of blastocysts have significant detrimental effects on embryo histone acetylation and subsequent viability. The presence of antioxidants in the vitrification solutions helps to alleviate the negative effects of cryopreservation. Our data indicate that ant... |
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) |
This work was funded by a research grant from Vitrolife AB (Sweden). The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.On Cox-Ross-Rubinstein Pricing Formula for Pricing Compound Option |
The fundamental objective of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to derive the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein type new formula for risk neutral pricing of European compound call option, where the underlying asset is also a European call option. Thirdly, to prove that our newly derived CRR risk neutral pricing formula for compound cal... |
We read with great interest the article by Swidsinski et al reporting on a possible link between acute appendicitis and a local invasion by Fusobacteria. Investigating sections of 70 appendixes with confirmed appendicitis using rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridisation, the authors found bacteria deeply infiltratin... |
Altogether, these observations point to the presence …Thinking about Russia: plausible pasts and probable futures. |
This paper uses both correlational and experimental methods to explore the power of counterfactual cognitions about the past to constrain judgments about the future as well as policy preferences. Study 1 asked 47 specialists on the Soviet Union to assess both the plausibility of controversial counterfactuals and the pr... |
Introduction : Traditional therapeutic approaches for patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have included treatment with somatostatin analogs, hepatic-directed therapies, interferon and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Current knowledge about biological behavior of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) has incr... |
Mobile application market shows an unprecedented prospect. This research examines the impact of mobile app development on firm equity value. We hypothesize that mobile app launch is positively related to firm equity value in the short term, and mobile app performance will be priced into firm equity value in the long te... |
Stringently controlled in vitro experiments are a necessary part of translational research. Cell lines are useful for exploring the underlying biology of cancer. Very few canine soft tissue sarcoma cell lines exist. This report describes the establishment of a new canine soft tissue sarcoma cell line (MBSa1) derived fr... |
The objective was to quantify in vitro digestion, true metabolizable energy (TME(n)) content, glycemic and insulinemic responses, and gastrointestinal tolerance to fructose (Fruc), maltodextrin (Malt), polydextrose (Poly), pullulan (Pull), resistant starch (RS), sorbitol (Sorb), and xanthan gum (Xan). Limited digestion... |
INTRODUCTION |
Education seeks to empower clients to attain and maintain knowledge and skills, and in the context of occupational therapy, to enable occupational participation. While education is routinely provided in the inpatient hospital setting, little is known about how education is best adapted to meet the needs of clients with... |
METHODS |
Five databases were systematically searched to find studies that reported on the use of education in the inpatient hospital setting with adults with cognitive impairment. |
RESULTS |
Ten articles were retrieved from the search with duplication of authors across the articles, indicating a small group of research and researchers. Cognitive impairment was not well assessed across all the studies and none included participants with severe cognitive impairment. A number of barriers to education were ide... |
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