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The specific interaction between rhizobia and their hosts requires many genes that influence both early and late steps in symbiosis. Three new genes, designated prsD, prsE (protein secretion) and orf3, were identified adjacent to the exo133 mutation in a cosmid carrying the genomic DNA of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. tr... |
Ascites is a common clinical manifestation of cirrhotic portal hypertension, and about 60%-80% of cirrhotic patients develop the symptom of ascites within 10 years. Once ascites occurs, the 5-year survival rate is reduced from 80% to 50%. With the progression of liver diseases, approximately 5%-10% of patients with asc... |
Background Automated medicines dispensing cabinets (ADCs) have recently been introduced in all areas of a tertiary hospital. Purpose To analyse the changes made by nurses when using the ADCs to the prescriptions made by physicians without electronically assisted prescribing. Material and methods A retrospective observa... |
Pura (temple) is a sacred place for the Hindus in Bali, such as Pura Pabean, which is included in pura kahyangan jagat (temple for all people). Pura Pabean is located on the northern part of the main Singaraja-Gilimanuk road, Banyupoh Village, Gerokgak Sub-district, Buleleng Regency, Indonesia. The area also extends in... |
We study theoretically and numerically the irreversible A+B-->0 reaction-diffusion process of initially separated reactants occupying the regions of lengths LA, LB comparable with the diffusion length (LA,LB approximately sqrt[Dt], here D is the diffusion coefficient of the reactants). It is shown that the process can ... |
This paper presents OHT, a hierarchical distributed hash table, which improves the performance of practical ZHT. When n-to-n connection is needed, every single node has to keep a large number of socket connections. This might be quite expensive when n is extremely large. By performing a hierarchical distributed hash ta... |
A new momentum-space method is developed for calculation of the strong-interaction shifts and widths in pionic atoms. The singularity connected with the Coulomb potential is treated by using the Vincent and Phatak prescription. The nuclear and atomic distances are separated in our scheme and this secures numerical stab... |
Background: Patient satisfaction is a major factor in determining success in aesthetic surgery. To the authors' knowledge, a long-term study measuring patient satisfaction with face-lift surgery has not been published. The authors' study was designed to measure patient satisfaction with the overall experience of a face... |
Many attempTs have been made to create an universal classification of peritonitis. The aspirations of many authors to work out a scheme that is able to be in one and the same time thorough, simple and appLicable in practice, have been found to be unrealizable. This blank stimulate us to work up a scheme which will faci... |
Current economic and political trends present particular challenges for countries dealing with the development of industry without the social infrastructure needed to uphold citizens' rights. As free trade demands competitiveness in global markets, so the demand for cheap labor rises. This has specific implications for... |
Decentralization of collective bargaining has become widespread in developed economies, and EU policies have pushed this trend further. We use process-tracing methodology to explore the consequences of decentralization for the reproduction of partnership bargaining relations at company level. We compare two cases of de... |
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (Abbreviations used: NMR, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; NOE, Nuclear Overhauser Effect; RDC, Residual Dipolar Coupling; PDB, Protein Data Bank; SBA, Structure-Based Assignments; NVR, Nuclear Vector Replacement; BIP, Binary Integer Programming; TS, Tabu Search; QAP, Quadratic Assignment Pr... |
The purpose of this study was to evaluate microcirulatory dynamics following muscle flap denervation. A modification of standard cremaster muscle flap was used. Fifty male Sprague‐Dawley rats were studied in two experimental groups of 25 rats each, as follows: Group I (control), after flap isolation, the nerovascular p... |
A bioactive chromone, 8-C-glucosyl-7-O-methyl-(S)-aloesol (compound 1), was prepared by the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of isoaloeresin D in Aloe barbadensis Miller. The hydrolysis conditions were successfully optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The results indicated that RSM in the present study was adequat... |
BACKGROUND |
Occupational exposures may be associated with non-vascular dementia. |
METHODS |
We analyzed the effects of occupational exposures to solvents, pesticides, metals, extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF), electrical shocks, and diesel motor exhaust on non-vascular dementia related mortality in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Exposures were assigned using job-exposure matrices. After 1... |
RESULTS |
Occupational exposure to metals, chlorinated solvents and ELF-MF showed positive associations with non-vascular dementia among men, which seemed driven by metals (hazard ratio ever high vs. background exposure: 1.35 [0.98-1.86]). Pesticide exposure showed statistically significant, inverse associations with non-vascula... |
CONCLUSIONS |
Consistent positive associations were found between occupational exposure to metals and non-vascular dementia. The finding on pesticides is not supported in the overall literature.Vascular pathways within pulpal tissue of human primary teeth. |
The vascular distribution within pulps of human primary teeth has not been as well studied as those within human permanent teeth. Such information is useful to those who diagnose and treat dental conditions in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the architecture of the vascular structures, in contrast ... |
Businesses of all sizes are constantly seeking to improve their daily business processes to stay competitive in the modern-day economy. Enterprises take for granted that they are utilizing their business capabilities in the best way possible. The purpose of this paper is to present a manual method to minimize the gap o... |
Background Data on infections in patients exposed to biological therapies are mainly focused on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Little is known about the safety profile in other chronic inflammatory immune-mediated diseases (CIID). Objectives To describe and compare the risk of serious infections in RA and CIID patients on ... |
Although there is growing evidence that higher adiposity increases ovarian cancer risk, little is known about its impact in African American (AA) women, the racial/ethnic group with the highest prevalence of obesity. We evaluated the impact of body mass index (BMI) 1 year before diagnosis and weight gain since age 18 y... |
Scotland is undertaking one of its biggest penal reforms in a generation and is seeking a fundamental change to its approach to punishment, which is characterised by the use of very short prison sentences. This article discusses some findings from phase one of an ongoing evaluation study of Routes out of Prison (RooP) ... |
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of pre- and post-admission antibiotic treatment in paediatric acute mastoiditis. Design: Retrospective study. Method: Eighty-eight children with acute mastoiditis, from 2003 to 2012, were studied to investigate the effect of antibiotic therapy on short and long-term sequelae. ... |
Glucose permeation from blood to saliva appeared to follow the paracellular pathway in rat submandibular and sublingual glands, and the permeability was much higher in the sublingual than in the submandibular gland. The duct system re-absorbed glucose in the submandibular but not the sublingual gland. The glucose conce... |
For 16 dogs with testicular neoplasia (n = 19 tumors), ultrasonography was performed to determine whether a correlation exists between ultrasonographic features of testicular tumors and cell type. The echogenicity of the tumors varied depending on the size of the tumor and whether the tumor had focal or diffuse distrib... |
The traditional mobile business value chain is based on linear thinking model mainly emphasizing technical guidance and enterprise sequence. Its characteristics constrain innovative thinking and innovative model of mobile commerce enterprises seriously. Under such a circumstance, the concept of value network was introd... |
We present high-resolution valence band and core level spectra of silver for photoelectron kinetic energies up to 8 keV. At these kinetic energies we estimate a surface contribution of less than 3%. Taking advantage of the favourable sp/d relative cross-sections, a comparison with the calculated density of states is pr... |
This paper applies a pattern recognition method for localisation of the PD site in the oil-filled transformer by acoustic measurements. By dividing the transformer into N numbers of 20/spl times/20/spl times/20 mm/sup 3/ sub-modules, the PD site is localised by comparing the spatial distances of each sub-module to the ... |
There are three possible levels of obstruction to the hepatic venous blood outflow: the small intrahepatic veins, the large hepatic veins and the suprahepatic portion of inferior vena cava (IVC). Although some cardiac and pericardial diseases may result in an impaired hepatic venous outflow, these diseases are excluded... |
Engineering characteristics of ground motion can be defined by three factors that are respectively amplitude, frequency and duration. Any one of them in isolation are not fully made known for the ground notions affecting on the structure. Response spectrum theory is one of the principal methods in seismic analysis. The... |
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not only toxic products of oxygen from aerobic metabolism or stress but also signalling molecules involved in the development of the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. To assess the importance of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (AhpCD) in the nitrogen-fixating bacterium Azorhizobium caulinodans... |
This article analyses the trajectories into teacher education of a group of child minders who are studying to become pre-school teachers. The specific focus is what impact their prior experiences and learning from pre-school have on their trajectories, and how these experiences and learning are recognised in the first ... |
Abstract Objective: A clinical, microbiological, and molecular analysis to identify the source of a cluster of pseudoinfections. Design: Retrospective analysis of the cases, prospective epidemiologic survey, and laboratory investigation. Molecular analysis of the isolates was performed using pulsed-field gel electropho... |
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with excess cardiovascular risk above and beyond the contribution of traditional risk factors. It is a proinflammatory and prothrombotic condition associated with underlying insulin resistance. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia in the setting of MS are also associated with excess car... |
A bacterial enzyme efficiently breaks down cellulose and hemicellulose without the help of other enzymes. [Also see Report by Brunecky et al.] One of the most promising routes to sustainably produced liquid fuels is the enzymatic conversion of biomass. Efficient enzymatic conversion of biomass into fermentable sugars r... |
SUMMARY Biofortification (delivery of micronutrients via micronutrient-dense crops) can be achieved through plant breeding and offers a cost-effective and sustainable approach to fighting micronutrient malnutrition. The present study was conducted to facilitate the initiation of a breeding programme to improve the conc... |
Resting intracellular Ca(2+) can be raised, in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, by exposure to very low concentration of thapsigargin (TG). Such a Ca(2+) rise yields calcineurin (CN) activation demonstrated by increased expression of transfected luciferase cDNA under control of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) ... |
Degree course syllabus' have traditionally been decided by knowledge-based aims, to include underlying scientific concepts and current practice within specialities. General aims are not so easily accommodated. This paper describes an attempt to specifically fulfil more general aims through community-oriented individual... |
Hardware-accelerated volume rendering using the GPU is now the standard approach for real-time volume rendering, although limited graphics memory can present a problem when rendering large volume data sets. Volumetric compression in which the decompression is coupled to rendering has been shown to be an effective solut... |
The low energy-conversion efficiency in photoacoustic generation is the most critical hurdle preventing its wide applications. In recent studies, it was found that the selection of the energy-absorbing layer material and design of the acoustic generator structure both determine the photoacoustic conversion efficiency. ... |
A stand-alone system is described for incorporating a general-purpose microprocessor and a floating-point, as well as a fixed point, coprocessor. An A/D (and/or D/A) card can be used with this system by simply inserting it into the VME rack. Any software developed using this system can be stored in a host through an RS... |
Topology optimization is a technique which has proven to be a very crucial and effective tool in modification of the geometry of various mechanical or load bearing components. This technique has been used in aerospace, mechanical and civil applications to save material and reduce the overall mass of the component. Ther... |
It has been demonstrated for many pre-industrial populations that the age at marriage, or marriage duration, influences age-specific marital fertility but the reason for this remains unclear. Among the several mechanisms that may be responsible, the following are often cited: secondary sterility or increased subfecundi... |
The authors obtain the optimum transmission ranges to maximize throughput for a direct-sequence spread-spectrum multihop packet radio network. In the analysis, they model the network self-interference as a random variable which is equal to the sum of the interference power of all other terminals plus background noise. ... |
An active bi-directional power dividier/combiner circuit based on a distributed topology is proposed. The use of bi-directional amplifiers (BDAs) provides both dividing and combining functions within the same circuit. By utilizing a distributed topology composed of BDAs and artificial transmission lines, a wide operati... |
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