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3D_vision/full_43_0.txt
# Testing geometry and 3D perception in children following vision restoring cataract-removal surgery Amber Maimon 1,2* Ophir Netzer 3 Benedetta Heimler 4 Amir Amedi 1,2
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Sinha, P. (2013). Once blind and now they see. Sci. Am. 309, 48–55. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican0713-48 PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
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Another example would be the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) commonly associated with visual letter recognition. According to the task selective, sensory independent interpretation, this area would be designated for the task of symbol-to-phoneme conversion (independent of the visual modality), as supported by Striem-Amit...
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Bedny, M., Pascual-Leone, A., Dodell-Feder, D., Fedorenko, E., and Saxe, R. (2011). Language processing in the occipital cortex of congenitally blind adults. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 4429–4434. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1014818108 PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
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Striem-Amit, E., Cohen, L., Dehaene, S., and Amedi, A. (2012b). Reading with sounds: sensory substitution selectively activates the visual word form area in the blind. Neuron 76, 640–652. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.08.026 PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
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Methods and Techniques * Perception Science * Sleep and Circadian Rhythms * Social and Evolutionary Neuroscience * Translational Neuroscience * Visual Neuroscience
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. However, it develops within a few days ( Held et al., 2011 ). Later research indicates that this correspondence occurs quicker than previously thought ( Chen et al., 2016 ). Would these children be susceptible to visual illusions? It was commonly believed that susceptibility to visual illusions is visual experienc...
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* 1.4k shares * 3 mths ago Read article
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Reich, L., Maidenbaum, S., and Amedi, A. (2012). The brain as a flexible task machine: implications for visual rehabilitation using noninvasive vs. invasive approaches. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 25, 86–95. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834ed723 PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar
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FIGURE 4 Figure 4. The single subject grand average success on the spatial grouping task.
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**Acute presentation HAV infection**
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## Introduction
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Protozoa are microscopic organisms that typically consist of a single cell.
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of infection and disease following exposure to an infectious agent. As discussed previously, there are many determinants of host susceptibility, including both innate factors determined by the genetic makeup of the host and, acquired factors such as agent-specific immunity and malnutrition.
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Sources
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* Serum bilirubin
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**Treatment Options**
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otions.html) * [ Coupons that Give ](https://coupons.cancer.org/)
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__ Back
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2C%20and%20treatment "Share on Pinterest") sebastian-julian/Getty Images
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disease prevention. Bull. World Health Organ. 2005;83:942–947. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Vasilakis N., Cardosa J., Hanley K.A., Holmes E.C., Weaver S.C. Fever from the forest: prospects for the continued emergence of sylvatic dengue virus and its impact on public health. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2011;9:...
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Other types of vehicles for infectious disease agents are biologic products (e.g., blood, organs for transplant) and fomites (inanimate objects such as needles, surgical instruments, door handles, and bedding). Transfusion-related protozoal infection resulting in Chagas disease has been of increasing concern to the US...
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An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is u00516-02-9780128036785.jpg Natasha S. Hochberg, MD, MPH, is a graduate of Harvard University and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. After completing internal medicine residency at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dr Hochberg spe...
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* About Us
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Go to: Transmission Basics A unique characteristic of many infectious diseases is that exposure to certain infectious agents can have consequences for other individuals, because an infected person can act as a source of exposure. Some pathogens (e.g., STI agents) are directly transmitted to other people, while others (...
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orse S.S. Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 1995;1:7–15. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Naghavi M., Wang H., Lozano R. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the...
cancer_not_communicable/communicablediseases_5_0.txt
# Everything you need to know about communicable diseases
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activity/eat-healthy/restaurant-eating-tips.html) * [ Calorie Counter ](/cancer/risk-prevention/diet-physical-activity/eat-healthy/calorie-counter-calculator.html) * [ Controlling Portion Sizes ](/cancer/risk-prevention/diet-physical-activity/eat-healthy/controlling-portion-sizes.html) * [ Cut Calories and Fat, Not Fla...
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used as parameters for identifying disease risk and implementing control activities. Malaria endemicity is quantified based upon rates of palpable enlarged spleens in a defined (usually pediatric) age group: holoendemic >75%, hyperendemic 51–75%, mesoendemic 11–50%, and hypoendemic <10% (Hay et al., 2008). An epidemic...
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Water resource development and management Water resource development and management Forest fragmentation Deforestation Deforestation Dams, irrigation schemes, mining expanding intermediate host habitat Dams, irrigation schemes expanding vector habitat Expansion of irrigated rice farming creating vector breeding sites L...
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Nagachinta T, Duerr A, Suriyanon V, et al. Risk factors for HIV-1 transmission from HIV-seropositive male blood donors to their regular female partners in northern Thailand. _AIDS_. 1997;11:1765–1772.
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Vilchez RA, Kozinetz CA, Butel JS. Conventional epidemiology and the link between SV40 and human cancers. _Lancet Oncol_. 2003;4:188–191.
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Reservoir host: A host that serves to sustain an infectious pathogen as a potential source of infection for transmission to humans. Note that a reservoir host will not succumb to infection. Lowland gorillas and chimpanzees can be infected by Ebola virus, but they are not a reservoir host as they suffer devastating loss...
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: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimates of people at risk. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2006;6:411–425. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Taylor H.R., Burton M.J., Haddad D., West S., Wright H. Trachoma. Lancet. 2014;384:2142–2152. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Townson H., Nathan M.B., Zaim M., Guillet P., Manga L., Bos R., Kindh...
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### Tuberculosis
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Caskey MF, Morgan DJ, Porto AF, et al. Clinical manifestations associated with HTLV type I infection: a cross-sectional study. _AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses._ 2007;23:365−371.
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Table 1 Comparison of innate and adaptive immunity
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Pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, cause communicable diseases.
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ies immune globulin (to provide immediate passive protection against rabies). An example of natural passive immunization is the transfer of immunity from mother to infant during breastfeeding.
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The vaccines can only be used to help prevent HPV infection – they do not stop or help treat an existing infection. To be most effective, the vaccine series should be given before a person becomes sexually active (has sex with another person).
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As with other herpes virus infections, EBV infection is life-long, even though most people have no symptoms after the first few weeks. EBV infects and stays in certain white blood cells in the body called _B lymphocytes_ (also called _B_ _cells_ ). There are no medicines or other treatments to get rid of EBV, nor are t...
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* Vaccine types. (2021). [ https://www.hhs.gov/immunization/basics/types/index.html ](https://www.hhs.gov/immunization/basics/types/index.html)
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Dead-end host: A host from which infectious agents cannot be transmitted to other susceptible hosts. Humans are a dead-end host for West Nile virus which normally circulates between mosquitoes and certain avian species.
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[ Learn more about the different types of pathogens here. ](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/pathogens-definition)
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People may contract ringworm through:
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cancer_not_communicable/PMC7150340_82_1.txt
mortality due to TB disease. Infectious complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer and transplant patients, often resulting from immunosuppression that can be primary or related to drug and/or radiation therapy. Infectious disease control is also critical in individuals with compromised physi...
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Sahasrabuddhe VV, Shiels MS, McGlynn KA, Engels EA. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States. _Cancer_. 2012;118:6226–6233.
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Biological vector: A vector (often arthropod) in which an infectious organism must develop or multiply before the vector can transmit the organism to a susceptible host. Aedes spp. mosquitoes are a biological vector for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika.
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* [ ](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/regularly-eating-avocado-linked-to-lower-diabetes-risk-in-women)
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* Malaise
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### How we reviewed this article:
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_Fallucca A, Restivo V, Sgariglia MC, Roveta M, Trucchi C._ _Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jul 21; 11(7). Epub 2023 Jul 21._
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* Acute onset fever
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For people already infected with HIV, taking anti-HIV drugs can help slow the damage to the immune system, which may help reduce the risk of getting some of the cancers above.
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ins cause disease independent of infection, as for example, the staphylococcal enterotoxins that can cause foodborne diseases. Agent characteristics can be measured in various ways. Infectivity is often quantified in terms of the infectious dose 50 (ID 50), the amount of agent required to infect 50% of a specified host...
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HPV infections of the mucous membranes can cause genital warts, but they usually have no symptoms. There are no effective medicines or other treatments for HPV, other than removing or destroying cells that are known to be infected. But in most people, the body’s immune system controls the HPV infection or gets rid of i...