text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the deuterium-hydrogen abundance ratio in the venus atmosphere was measured while the inlets to the pioneer venus large probe mass spectrometer were coated with sulfuric acid from venus ' clouds . | NA | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "deuterium",
"pos": [
4,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
14,
22
]
} |
the ratios of oxygen 18 to oxygen-16 in these coral bands show a small decrease of a water temperature ( approximately 1 degrees c ) during the latter part of the little ice age ( 1700 to 1725 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
85,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
170,
173
]
} |
escape of deuterium atoms is negligible , and the ratio of deuterium to hydrogen should increase with time . | NA | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "deuterium",
"pos": [
10,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
72,
80
]
} |
it is suggested that the mass-2 ion observed by pioneer venus is d ( + ) , which implies a ratio of deuterium to hydrogen in the contemporary atmosphere of about 10 ( -2 ) , an initial ratio of 5 x 10 ( -5 ) and an original h ( 2 ) o abundance not less than 800 grams per square centimeter . | NA | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
113,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "h ( 2",
"pos": [
224,
229
]
} |
advances have been made in acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose component of biomass and in some newer processes for biomass refining which leave the lignin fraction relatively intact . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
66,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
162,
168
]
} |
the feature identification and location experiment ( file ) senses radiation from the earth in spectral bands centered at 0.65 and 0.85 micrometers and compares ratios of the reflected solar radiation in the two wavelengths to make real-time classification decisions about four primary features : water , vegetation , ba... | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
297,
302
]
} | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
347,
350
]
} |
the harp seal 's life-cycle is marked by a progression from on-ice birth to in-water mating and subsequent on-ice molt . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
79,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
110,
113
]
} |
the results show that lead , a relatively mobile element compared to the nuclear waste-related actinides uranium and thorium , has been highly retained at elevated temperatures ( 105 degrees to 313 degrees c ) under conditions relevant to the burial of synthetic rock waste containers in deep granite holes . | NA | {
"id": "C0025553",
"name": "actinides",
"pos": [
95,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0041928",
"name": "uranium",
"pos": [
105,
112
]
} |
the results show that lead , a relatively mobile element compared to the nuclear waste-related actinides uranium and thorium , has been highly retained at elevated temperatures ( 105 degrees to 313 degrees c ) under conditions relevant to the burial of synthetic rock waste containers in deep granite holes . | NA | {
"id": "C0025553",
"name": "actinides",
"pos": [
95,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0039994",
"name": "thorium",
"pos": [
117,
124
]
} |
on earth , they serve to convert odd oxygen ( atomic oxygen and ozone ) to molecular oxygen . | NA | {
"id": "C0030054",
"name": "oxygen",
"pos": [
37,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0030106",
"name": "ozone",
"pos": [
64,
69
]
} |
each ion is surrounded by 8.6 oxygen atoms at a distance of 2.48 angstroms and 16.7 deuterium atoms at 3.13 angstroms indicating a well-defined first hydration sphere of water molecules , the deuterium atoms pointing away from the cation . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
5,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cation",
"pos": [
231,
237
]
} |
mineralization of specifically labeled c- [ lignin ] -lignocellulose and c- [ cellulose ] -lignocellulose by toolik lake sediments , after the addition of 2 % ( vol/vol ) prudhoe bay crude oil , motor oil , diesel fuel , gasoline , n-hexane , or toluene , was examined after 21 days of incubation at 10 degrees c . | NA | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
44,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
96,
105
]
} |
mineralization of the labeled lignin component of lignocellulose appeared to be more sensitive to hydrocarbon perturbations than was the labeled cellulose component . | NA | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
30,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
145,
154
]
} |
when calcium hydroxide is used to desensitize glycerol trinitrate ( nitroglycerine ) -containing waste streams , the epoxides glycidol and glycidyl nitrate are formed . | NA | {
"id": "C0017861",
"name": "glycerol",
"pos": [
46,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0017887",
"name": "nitroglycerine",
"pos": [
68,
82
]
} |
[ s ] sulfate incorporation into residue protein by marine bacteria can be used to quantitatively measure bacterial protein synthesis in unenriched mixed populations of marine bacteria . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
41,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0004627",
"name": "bacterial protein",
"pos": [
106,
123
]
} |
mineralization of carexc-lignin-labeled or c-cellulose-labeled lignocellulose was reduced at ph 2.0 , but not at ph 4.0 , 5.0 , or 6.0 , compared with controls ( ph 7 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
25,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
68,
77
]
} |
products identified by thin-layer chromatography and liquid chromatography indicated that the phenols were microbially oxidized to the corresponding catechols . | NA | {
"id": "C0031428",
"name": "phenols",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0007413",
"name": "catechols",
"pos": [
149,
158
]
} |
the effects of dissolved and substratum-adsorbed proteins on the attachment of pseudomonas sp . strain ncmb 2021 to petri dishes and tissue culture dishes were consistent with changes in bubble contact angles ( except when proteins were adsorbed to tissue culture dishes before attachment ) as were alterations in protei... | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
49,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0004627",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
314,
321
]
} |
high numbers of bacteria able to grow on media containing cellulose , carboxymethyl cellulose , or cellobiose as the substrate were found in the alimentary tracts of the millipedes . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
58,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
99,
109
]
} |
increases in the clay concentration decreased the percentage of the organic compound that was mineralized at amine levels of 20 pg to 200 ng , but not at 20 mug/ml . | NA | {
"id": "C0029224",
"name": "organic compound",
"pos": [
68,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0002508",
"name": "amine",
"pos": [
109,
114
]
} |
the affinity and specific activity that the isolated beta-glucosidase exhibited for cellobiose compared favorably with the values obtained for beta-glucosidases from other organisms being studied for use in industrial cellulose saccharification . | NA | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
84,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
218,
227
]
} |
affected sheep progressively developed anorexia , dyspnea and mouth breathing and most died from effects of asphyxia and inanition within 90 days of the onset of clinical signs . | NA | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "died",
"pos": [
87,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0004044",
"name": "asphyxia",
"pos": [
108,
116
]
} |
in addition to an igg monoclonal gammopathy , a variety of unusual paraneoplastic syndromes were associated with this tumor . | NA | {
"id": "C0030472",
"name": "paraneoplastic syndromes",
"pos": [
67,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "tumor",
"pos": [
118,
123
]
} |
a toxic nephrosis in calves treated with a drug containing tetracycline degradation products : tetracyclines may prove to be toxic , especially when they are administered in excessive quantity . | NA | {
"id": "C0039644",
"name": "tetracycline",
"pos": [
59,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0039651",
"name": "tetracyclines",
"pos": [
95,
108
]
} |
partial homology of oh dna with the dna of h. halobium , predominantly with the at-rich satellite dna , was observed . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
23,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0012934",
"name": "satellite dna",
"pos": [
88,
101
]
} |
this region was isolated using a deficiency extending from the previously cloned heat-shock puff sequences at 87a7 to a large transposable element containing the loci white and roughest.fb-nof , a 7.5 kb element with partial homology to a family of inverted repeat sequences ( potter et al. , 1980 ) , is found very near... | NA | {
"id": "C0012868",
"name": "transposable element",
"pos": [
126,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
368,
371
]
} |
using a previously cloned fragment of scute dna , we have now cloned 62 kb of wild-type dna from the scute region . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
6,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
88,
91
]
} |
in an attempt to isolate the transposable genetic element ds from zea mays l. , we cloned dna fragments hybridizing to a cdna clone derived from the sucrose synthase gene in a lambda vector ( lambda : :zm sh ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012868",
"name": "transposable",
"pos": [
29,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
122,
125
]
} |
black beetle virus induces the synthesis of three new proteins , protein a ( molecular weight , 104,000 ) , protein alpha ( molecular weight , 47,000 ) , and protein b ( molecular weight , 10,000 ) , in infected drosophila cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
31,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
158,
165
]
} |
we found that rna extracted from infected cells directed the synthesis of all three proteins when it was added to a cell-free protein-synthesizing system . | NA | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
61,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
126,
133
]
} |
when polysomal rna was fractionated on a sucrose density gradient , the messengers for proteins a and alpha cosedimented with viral rnas 1 ( 22s ) and 2 ( 15s ) , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
15,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0035736",
"name": "viral rnas",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} |
the virus dna was analyzed with restriction enzymes , and the nature of the genetic complexity was evaluated by southern blot hybridization of native superhelical and relaxed circular virus dna and of sali- and hindiii-digested dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular",
"pos": [
175,
183
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
228,
231
]
} |
the sigmoid saturation pattern of h ( 4 ) folate ( n ( h ) = 2.0 ) , one of the substrates , the abolition of sigmoidicity by nadh , an allosteric positive effector ( n ( h ) = 1.0 ) and the increase in sigmoidicity by nad ( + ) and adenine nucleotides , negative allosteric effectors ( n ( h ) = 2.4 ) clearly establish... | NA | {
"id": "C0027270",
"name": "nad",
"pos": [
126,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0001413",
"name": "adenine nucleotides",
"pos": [
233,
252
]
} |
in excised pro ( 1-1 ) mutant and corresponding normal type roots of zea mays l. the uptake and interconversion of [ ( 14 ) c ] proline , [ ( 14 ) c ] glutamic acid , [ ( 14 ) c ] glutamine , and [ ( 14 ) c ] ornithine and their utilization for protein synthesis was measured with the intention of finding an explanation... | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
151,
164
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
180,
189
]
} |
proline was synthesized from either glutamic acid ( or glutamine ) or ornithine in both mutant and normal roots ; | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
36,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
55,
64
]
} |
in this study , the effects of ozone on o ( 2 ) evolution and fluorescence yields are used to characterize this inhibition . | NA | {
"id": "C0030106",
"name": "ozone",
"pos": [
31,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0030054",
"name": "o ( 2",
"pos": [
40,
45
]
} |
antisera specific for the basic peroxidase from horseradish ( amoracea rusticana ) were used to examine homology among horseradish peroxidase isoenzymes and among basic peroxidases from root plants . | NA | {
"id": "C0027021",
"name": "peroxidase",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0031179",
"name": "peroxidases",
"pos": [
169,
180
]
} |
antisera specific for the basic peroxidase from horseradish ( amoracea rusticana ) were used to examine homology among horseradish peroxidase isoenzymes and among basic peroxidases from root plants . | NA | {
"id": "C0019941",
"name": "horseradish peroxidase",
"pos": [
119,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0031179",
"name": "peroxidases",
"pos": [
169,
180
]
} |
these experiments suggest that basic peroxidase isoenzymes are strongly conserved during evolution and may indicate that the basic peroxidases catalyze reactions involved in specialized cellular functions . | NA | {
"id": "C0027021",
"name": "peroxidase",
"pos": [
37,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0031179",
"name": "peroxidases",
"pos": [
131,
142
]
} |
the amide nitrogen of asparagine was found at all times to be an essential precursor for protein because of its appearance in protein in residues whose nitrogens were not supplied by the amino nitrogen . | NA | {
"id": "C0033665",
"name": "precursor",
"pos": [
75,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
126,
133
]
} |
alanine , aspartate/asparagine , and glutamate/glutamine decreased markedly under these treatments , whereas several other amino acids increased . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
123,
134
]
} |
during growth under far-red ( > 650 nm ) light , anacystis nidulans accumulates protochlorophyllide to concentrations about one-tenth of the chlorophyll . | NA | {
"id": "C0033715",
"name": "protochlorophyllide",
"pos": [
80,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0008260",
"name": "chlorophyll",
"pos": [
141,
152
]
} |
protoplasts from 8- to 9-day-old wheat ( triticum aestivum l. ) leaves were used to isolate organelles which were examined for their contents of peptide hydrolase enzymes and , in the case of vacuoles , other acid hydrolases . | NA | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "peptide",
"pos": [
145,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C0020289",
"name": "hydrolases",
"pos": [
214,
224
]
} |
oxidation of c-type cytochromes by membrane preparations of the different blue-green algae was observed using purified cytochromes from horse heart , candida krusei , tuna , saccharomyces oviformis , rhodospirillum rubrum , rhodospirillum molischianum , rhodopseudomonas palustris , rhodocyclus purpureus , paracoccus de... | NA | {
"id": "C1256752",
"name": "c-type cytochromes",
"pos": [
13,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0010798",
"name": "cytochromes",
"pos": [
119,
130
]
} |
rapid oxidations were consistently observed with the mitochondrial c-type cytochromes ( horse heart cytochrome c reacts most rapidly ) and with cytochromes c ( 2 ) from rhodopseudomonas palustris and rhodocyclus purpureus ; | NA | {
"id": "C1256752",
"name": "c-type cytochromes",
"pos": [
67,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0010749",
"name": "cytochromes c",
"pos": [
144,
157
]
} |
chromatography of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-solubilized polymer on sepharose-6b demonstrated that galactosyl residues are mainly associated with proteins which are of considerably higher molecular weight than are the majority of sodium dodecyl sulfate-denatured membrane proteins in this fraction . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
146,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
263,
280
]
} |
the cytokinins benzyladenine , kinetin , and 6- ( gamma , gamma-dimethylallylamino ) purine ( dmaap ) were tested , and dmaap was most effective in bud induction at concentrations below 1 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0049579",
"name": "kinetin",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} |
the plastid and cytosolic isozymes of the dimeric enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase ( ec 5.3.1.9 ) from spinach ( spinacia oleracea ) and cauliflower ( brassica oleracea ) were purified to apparent homogeneity . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozymes",
"pos": [
26,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
50,
56
]
} |
the enzymes of this pathway in the plastids are isozymes of the corresponding enzymes located in the cytosol . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozymes",
"pos": [
48,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
78,
85
]
} |
l-canavanine , a highly toxic arginine antimetabolite , is the principal nonprotein amino acid of many leguminous plants . | NA | {
"id": "C0006825",
"name": "canavanine",
"pos": [
2,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
84,
94
]
} |
activity in extracts from control cultures was unaffected by addition of methionine , lysine , threonine , lysine plus threonine , s-adenosylmethionine , or s-methylmethionine sulfonium to the assay mixture . | NA | {
"id": "C0025646",
"name": "methionine",
"pos": [
73,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0042889",
"name": "methylmethionine",
"pos": [
159,
175
]
} |
this reversal of cholate inactivation of o ( 2 ) evolution can be induced by solvents including ethanol , methanol , 2-propanol , and dimethyl sulfoxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
106,
114
]
} |
this reversal of cholate inactivation of o ( 2 ) evolution can be induced by solvents including ethanol , methanol , 2-propanol , and dimethyl sulfoxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "2-propanol",
"pos": [
117,
127
]
} |
both heavy and light amylases hydrolyzed amylopectin , soluble starch , and amylose but did not hydrolyze pullulan or beta-limit dextrin . | NA | {
"id": "C0002728",
"name": "amylopectin",
"pos": [
41,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
63,
69
]
} |
both heavy and light amylases hydrolyzed amylopectin , soluble starch , and amylose but did not hydrolyze pullulan or beta-limit dextrin . | NA | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
63,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0002732",
"name": "amylose",
"pos": [
76,
83
]
} |
the ratio of viscosity change to reducing power production during starch hydrolysis was identical for both alfalfa amylase fractions and sweet potato beta-amylase , while that of bacterial alpha-amylase was considerably higher . | NA | {
"id": "C0002712",
"name": "amylase",
"pos": [
115,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0005194",
"name": "beta-amylase",
"pos": [
150,
162
]
} |
the identification of maltose and beta-limit dextrin as hydrolytic end-products confirmed that these alfalfa root amylases are all beta-amylases . | NA | {
"id": "C0002712",
"name": "amylases",
"pos": [
114,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0005194",
"name": "beta-amylases",
"pos": [
131,
144
]
} |
arrhenius plots indicated that the energy of activation for the heavy beta-amylase remained relatively unchanged ( 12.7 to 13.0 kilocalories per mole ) from 0 to 30 degrees c , whereas the energy of activation for the light amylase increased from 12.0 to about 28.0 kilocalories per mole at 8.7 degrees c as temperature ... | NA | {
"id": "C0005194",
"name": "beta-amylase",
"pos": [
70,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0002712",
"name": "amylase",
"pos": [
224,
231
]
} |
the rate of this decline was enhanced by k ( + ) or na ( + ) , and the effect of these cations was greater when added with phosphate than with chloride as the anion . | NA | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
123,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
159,
164
]
} |
the rate of this decline was enhanced by k ( + ) or na ( + ) , and the effect of these cations was greater when added with phosphate than with chloride as the anion . | NA | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
143,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
159,
164
]
} |
in shoot tips cultured in presence of both trehalose and sucrose , the decline in total and reducing sugars was curtailed . | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
57,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
101,
107
]
} |
it was proposed that a changing co ( 2 ) and h ( 2 ) ratio is the result of interaction between the carbon and hydrogen metabolism and the photosynthetic electron transport chain . | NA | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "h ( 2",
"pos": [
45,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
111,
119
]
} |
perhaps zeatin is ineffective because it does not get into the inner membranes of the isolated mitochondria , whereas the esters and other cytokinins mentioned above do . | NA | {
"id": "C0043456",
"name": "zeatin",
"pos": [
8,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
139,
149
]
} |
sucrose , reducing sugars , and free amino acids were measured in protoplasts and vacuoles during growth of cells in suspension culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
19,
25
]
} |
the lipids of the membrane fraction contained 57 % by weight of phospholipid , 16 % glycolipid including sterol glycosides , and 27 % neutral lipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipid",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
} |
the lipids of the membrane fraction contained 57 % by weight of phospholipid , 16 % glycolipid including sterol glycosides , and 27 % neutral lipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
142,
148
]
} |
transport of the herbicide amitrole ( 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole ) by suspension cultured cells and leaf protoplasts of nicotiana tabacum cv . | NA | {
"id": "C0002602",
"name": "amitrole",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0040880",
"name": "triazole",
"pos": [
52,
60
]
} |
additionally , the crystalloid proteins are synthesized concurrently , whereas there is temporal variation in the synthesis of matrix proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
31,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
114,
123
]
} |
when induced by the photomorphogenic photoreceptor phytochrome , the time course for the enhancement of laurate omega-hydroxylase was totally different from that of the cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase , providing evidence for the existence of multiple cytochrome p-450 species in pea microsomes . | NA | {
"id": "C0076897",
"name": "cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase",
"pos": [
169,
196
]
} | {
"id": "C0010762",
"name": "cytochrome p-450",
"pos": [
248,
264
]
} |
these results indicate that heterogeneity of alpha-amylase isozymes is not due to glycosylation of the enzyme protein but likely to differences in the primary structure of the protein moiety , which altogether support that rice alpha-amylase isozymes are encoded by multiple genes . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
103,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozymes",
"pos": [
242,
250
]
} |
great northern , cytokinins bearing saturated side chains ( n ( 6 ) -isopentyladenine , n ( 6 ) -isopentyladenosine , dihydrozeatin , and ribosyldihydrozeatin ) were always more active than the corresponding unsaturated analogs ( n ( 6 ) - [ delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ] adenine , n ( 6 ) - [ delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ] ad... | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
17,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0043456",
"name": "zeatin",
"pos": [
350,
356
]
} |
cytidine-diphospho-choline diacyl-glycerol phosphorylcholine phosphotransferase activity was demonstrated in potato ( solanum tuberosum l. ) microsomes and the incorporation of cytidine-diphospho [ ( 14 ) c ] choline into phosphatidylcholine was characterized by the time course of ( 14 ) c incorporation and the effect ... | NA | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphorylcholine",
"pos": [
43,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
359,
366
]
} |
restoration was also dependent on the quantity of liposomes added to lipid-depleted membranes : the best restorations were obtained with 1 to 2.5 milligrams of phospholipid per mg of microsomal protein ; | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
69,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipid",
"pos": [
160,
172
]
} |
starch content followed the same developmental pattern as the content of sucrose , free reducing sugars , and other metabolic processes found in this tissue . | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
73,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
97,
103
]
} |
nevertheless , incorporation of radioactive amino acid into protein increases steadily as the concentration of external amino acid is increased , indicating that the amino acid that is precursor to protein synthesis is not in equilibrium with the total internal amino acid pool . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
60,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0033665",
"name": "precursor",
"pos": [
185,
194
]
} |
the k ( m ) value computed for inosine is 65 micromolar.among the inosine analogs tested , the following nucleosides are substrates for the lupin inosine nucleosidase : xanthosine , purine riboside ( nebularine ) , 6-mercaptopurine riboside , 8-azainosine , adenosine , and guanosine . | NA | {
"id": "C0021528",
"name": "inosine",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0039904",
"name": "6-mercaptopurine riboside",
"pos": [
215,
240
]
} |
the glyoxysomal and mitochondrial isoenzymes are synthesized as higher molecular weight precursors which can be immunoprecipitated by mono-specific antibodies from the products of in vitro translation in reticulocyte lysates programed with cotyledonary mrna and with the same size from enzyme extracts of pulse-labeled c... | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzymes",
"pos": [
34,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
286,
292
]
} |
the anion stimulation was caused partly by dissipation of the electrical potential ( interior positive ) by permeant anions and partly by a specific ionic effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
117,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ionic",
"pos": [
149,
154
]
} |
many of the properties of the nigericin-sensitive , salt-stimulated mg , atpase were similar to a vanadate-sensitive plasma membrane atpase of plant tissues , yet other properties ( anion stimulation and vanadate insensitivity ) resembled those of a tonoplast atpase . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
182,
187
]
} | {
"id": "C0042305",
"name": "vanadate",
"pos": [
204,
212
]
} |
the mesophyll cells exhibited a greater allocation of total cellular protein into membrane-associated proteins relative to soluble proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane-associated proteins",
"pos": [
82,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
131,
139
]
} |
whereas senescing ( unrooted ) cuttings evinced a rapid decline in polyamine content during 48 hours , indole-butyric acid treatment resulted in elevated levels of putrescine and increased putrescine to spermidine ratio . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "putrescine",
"pos": [
164,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "ratio",
"pos": [
214,
219
]
} |
these results are interpreted to mean that the reactions whereby tobacco cell wall peroxidases catalyze nadh-dependent h ( 2 ) o ( 2 ) formation are similar to those proposed for horseradish peroxidase ( halliwell 1978 planta 140 : 81-88 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031179",
"name": "peroxidases",
"pos": [
83,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0019941",
"name": "horseradish peroxidase",
"pos": [
179,
201
]
} |
these results suggest that , although fatty acids are inserted into membrane lipids during hardening , the accumulation of free fatty acids and the appearance of lipid bodies per se are not involved in the development of frost hardiness . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acids",
"pos": [
38,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0015688",
"name": "free fatty acids",
"pos": [
123,
139
]
} |
applied diamines and polyamines inhibited the incorporation of radioactively labeled leucine and uridine into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material in apple ( malus domestica borkh , cv golden delicious ) fruit tissue . | NA | {
"id": "C0011957",
"name": "diamines",
"pos": [
8,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0032433",
"name": "polyamines",
"pos": [
21,
31
]
} |
phase shifts of the circadian conidiation rhythm in neurospora crassa were induced by 3-hour treatments of mycelia in liquid medium with diethylstilbestrol ( des ) , dienestrol ( die ) , hexestrol ( hex ) , diethylstilbestroldipropionate ( desp ) , and dienestroldiacetate ( diea ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012203",
"name": "diethylstilbestrol",
"pos": [
137,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0019467",
"name": "hexestrol",
"pos": [
187,
196
]
} |
o ( 2 ) consumption of the mycelia was inhibited equally by des , die , and hex , while diea and desp had little effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0012203",
"name": "des",
"pos": [
60,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0019467",
"name": "hex",
"pos": [
76,
79
]
} |
conversion of d- [ 6- ( 3 ) h,6- ( 14 ) c ] glucose in the same tissue was accompanied by retention of tritium in l-ascorbic acid with a ( 3 ) h : ( 14 ) c ratio comparable to that of compounds from the hexose pool . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
44,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
203,
209
]
} |
a number of common amino acids , including homoserine , were exuded by the growing seedling root in an early stage and were partly reabsorbed later . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
19,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0019892",
"name": "homoserine",
"pos": [
43,
53
]
} |
a number of uncommon amino acids , including several isoxazolin-5-one derivatives , uracil alanines , l-gamma-glutamyl-d-alanine , and alpha-aminoadipic acid were exuded at different rates . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
21,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
121,
128
]
} |
the protein portion is rich in hydroxyproline ( 42 % ) , lysine ( 16 % ) , serine ( 9 % ) , and proline ( 9 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
31,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} |
anionic dnp does not increase permeability or inhibit ion uptake , although it is the major species accumulated by the roots , both at ph 5 and ph 7 . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
54,
57
]
} |
immobilized n ( 6 ) - ( delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ) adenosine antibodies retained trnas containing n ( 6 ) - ( delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ) adenosine and n ( 6 ) - ( 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl ) adenosine with equal efficiencies . | NA | {
"id": "C0022218",
"name": "isopentenyl",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
194,
203
]
} |
n ( 6 ) - ( 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl ) adenosine , n ( 6 ) - ( delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ) adenosine , and n ( 6 ) - ( delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ) adenine were present at least to the extent of 80 , 23 , and 9 nanograms , respectively , in the cotyledons and 40 , 6 , and 3 nanograms , respectively , in the decotyledo... | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
43,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0022218",
"name": "isopentenyl",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} |
only two cytokinins were found in the trnas of cucumber cotyledons , namely n ( 6 ) - ( delta ( 2 ) -isopentenyl ) adenosine and n ( 6 ) - ( 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl ) adenosine in amounts of 12 and 318 nanograms , respectively , per gram of tissue . | NA | {
"id": "C0022218",
"name": "isopentenyl",
"pos": [
101,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
172,
181
]
} |
similarly shaped curves were obtained for influx of sucrose , glucose , and 3-o-methyl glucose by leaf discs , whole petiole slices , petiole segments containing pith tissue only , and petiole segments containing vascular bundles , although the tissues took up the various sugars via different proportions of saturable v... | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
52,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
273,
279
]
} |
high correlations were obtained between ga ( 3 ) -induced growth and total phospholipid , individual phospholipids , and fatty acids ( except for linolenic acid ) , total saturated fatty acids , stigmasterol content , and the unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acids",
"pos": [
121,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0015690",
"name": "unsaturated",
"pos": [
226,
237
]
} |
h ( + ) transport is strongly promoted by anions , especially chloride , while potassium does not affect pump activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
42,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
62,
70
]
} |
antibodies to the sds-polypeptide fraction were raised in mice by intraperitoneal injection , and antisera were collected as ascitic fluid . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
98,
106
]
} |
these data indicate that the nonprotein chromophore of neocarzinostatin , in the presence of a reducing substance ( 2-mercaptoethanol ) and molecular oxygen , selectively oxidizes the 5 ' carbon of nucleosides in dna to the aldehyde , resulting in a strand break and a dna fragment bearing nucleoside-5'-aldehyde at its ... | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
213,
216
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a dna",
"pos": [
267,
272
]
} |
thin-layer spectroelectrochemical methods have been employed to measure the reduction potentials of the blue copper in polyporus versicolor laccase ( ec 1.10.3.2 ) between 7 degrees c and 41 degrees c ( 0.2 m sodium phosphate , ph 5.4 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0064566",
"name": "laccase",
"pos": [
140,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0030016",
"name": "ec",
"pos": [
150,
152
]
} |
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