instruction stringlengths 142 1.78k | input stringlengths 321 1.59k | response stringclasses 11 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Defective ALK5 signaling in the neural crest leads to increased postmigratory neural crest cell apoptosis and severe outflow tract defects
Abstract
Background
Congenital cardiovascular diseases are the most common form of birth defects in humans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
B: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
C: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
E: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
F: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
G: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
H: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
I: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
J: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While TGF-β-superfamily signaling has been strongly implicated in neural crest cell development, the detailed molecular signaling mechanisms in vivo are still poorly understood.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
B: gpr159 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
C: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
D: nmbr (aka neuromedin-b receptor) (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
E: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
F: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
G: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
H: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
I: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
J: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
We deleted the TGF-β type I receptor Alk5 specifically in the mouse neural crest cell lineage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
B: nmbr (aka neuromedin-b receptor) (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
C: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
D: lymphotactin receptor (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
E: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
F: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
G: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
H: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
I: ackr3 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
J: tgfb1/var:2 (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
We deleted the TGF-β type I receptor Alk5 specifically in the mouse neural crest cell lineage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
B: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
D: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
E: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
F: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
G: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
H: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
I: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
J: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Failure in signaling via ALK5 leads to severe cardiovascular and pharyngeal defects, including inappropriate remodeling of pharyngeal arch arteries, abnormal aortic sac development, failure in pharyngeal organ migration and persistent truncus arteriosus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
B: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
C: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
D: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
E: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
F: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
G: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
I: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
J: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While ALK5 is not required for neural crest cell migration, our results demonstrate that it plays an important role in the survival of post-migratory cardiac neural crest cells.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
B: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
C: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
D: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
E: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
F: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
G: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
H: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that ALK5-mediated signaling in neural crest cells plays an essential cell-autonomous role in the pharyngeal and cardiac outflow tract development.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
B: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
C: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
D: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
E: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
F: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
G: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
H: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
I: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
J: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Several recent studies have indicated that members of the TGF-β superfamily, i.e., TGF-βs and BMPs are likely candidates to provide some of these signals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
B: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
C: cmkor1 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
D: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
E: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
F: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
G: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
H: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
I: neuromedin-b-preferring bombesin receptor (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
J: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Several recent studies have indicated that members of the TGF-β superfamily, i.e., TGF-βs and BMPs are likely candidates to provide some of these signals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-βs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cxcr-7 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
B: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
C: gpr5 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1) (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
D: serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6 (acvrl1/var:6) (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
E: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
F: tgfb1/var:2 (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
G: nmbr (aka neuromedin-b receptor) (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
H: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
I: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Several recent studies have indicated that members of the TGF-β superfamily, i.e., TGF-βs and BMPs are likely candidates to provide some of these signals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmps'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: melanocortin receptor 4 (mc4r (aka melanocortin receptor 4))
B: gst class-alpha member 3 (mouse) (aka glutathione s-transferase a3 (mouse))
C: cytoplasmic acetyl-coa hydrolase 1 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 12)
D: p80 (mouse) (aka interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (mouse))
E: kiaa0707 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 11)
F: chemokine receptor cxcr3 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 3)
G: mad homolog 3 (aka smad3)
H: mc5r (aka melanocortin receptor 5) (aka melanocortin receptor 5)
I: uncharacterized ring finger protein c2f3.16 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-spac2f3.16) (aka uncharacterized ring finger protein c2f3.16 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
J: aconitase (aka aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mice deficient in TGF-β2 display fourth aortic arch artery defects [7], while neural crest cell specific abrogation of TGF-β type II receptor (Tgfbr2) results in interruption of the aortic arch and PTA [8,9].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β2'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: red-sensitive opsin (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
B: gpr5 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1) (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
C: 67 kda cytokeratin (mouse) (aka keratin, type ii cytoskeletal 1 (mouse))
D: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
E: cxc-r7 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
F: prolactin-2c2 isoform m2 (mouse) (mprl2c2/iso:m2) (aka prolactin-2c2 isoform m2 (mouse))
G: prolactin-2c2 isoform m1 (mouse) (mprl2c2/iso:m1) (aka prolactin-2c2 isoform m1 (mouse))
H: None of the above. | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mice deficient in TGF-β2 display fourth aortic arch artery defects [7], while neural crest cell specific abrogation of TGF-β type II receptor (Tgfbr2) results in interruption of the aortic arch and PTA [8,9].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chemokine receptor xcr1 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
B: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
C: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
D: tgfb1/var:2 (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
E: neuromedin-b-preferring bombesin receptor (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
F: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
G: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
I: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
J: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'BMPs 6 and -7 are required for proper formation of the outflow tract cushions [10], while BMP type II receptor is needed for proper development of the conotruncal ridges [11].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmps 6'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: melanocortin receptor 5 (mc-2 (aka melanocortin receptor 5))
B: tmem38a (aka trimeric intracellular cation channel type a)
C: brain-specific membrane-anchored protein (aka transmembrane protein 59-like)
D: cxc-r3 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 3)
E: meckelin (meckel syndrome type 3 protein homolog) (aka meckelin)
F: paired box protein pax-3 isoform hpax3e (human) (hpax3/iso:hpax3e) (aka paired box protein pax-3 isoform hpax3e (human))
G: cytoplasmic acetyl-coa hydrolase 1 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 12)
H: spac31f12.01 (aka protein zds1 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
I: ec-cueo (aka blue copper oxidase cueo (escherichia coli k-12))
J: paired box protein pax-3 isoform h7 (human) (hpax3/iso:h7) (aka paired box protein pax-3 isoform h7 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'BMPs 6 and -7 are required for proper formation of the outflow tract cushions [10], while BMP type II receptor is needed for proper development of the conotruncal ridges [11].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmps ... -7'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: connective tissue growth factor (mouse) (hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific protein 24 (mouse)) (aka connective tissue growth factor (mouse))
B: g-protein coupled receptor 9 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 3)
C: chick-ubb (aka polyubiquitin-b (chicken))
D: lcr1 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4)
E: mc-2 (aka melanocortin receptor 5) (aka melanocortin receptor 5)
F: rhibadh/iso:1 (aka 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform 1 (rat))
G: kiaa0707 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 11)
H: cytoplasmic acetyl-coa hydrolase 1 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 12)
I: polyubiquitin (yeast) (scd2 (aka polyubiquitin (yeast)))
J: hpax3/iso:h7 (aka paired box protein pax-3 isoform h7 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'BMPs 6 and -7 are required for proper formation of the outflow tract cushions [10], while BMP type II receptor is needed for proper development of the conotruncal ridges [11].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmp type ii receptor'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: smad6 (mothers against dpp homolog 6) (aka smad6)
B: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform short (human) (hsptbn1/iso:short) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform short (human))
C: hsptbn1/iso:long (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform long (human))
D: ccr8 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 8) (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 8)
E: smad4/var:3 (aka smad4 sequence variant 3)
F: dwf-c (aka smad5)
G: mad3 (aka smad3) (aka smad3)
H: cmkbr7 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 7)
I: smad4/var:5 (aka smad4 sequence variant 5)
J: hnog/iso:1 (aka noggin isoform 1 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, neural crest-specific deletion of the BMP type I receptors Alk2 and Alk3 has been shown to lead to defective aortico-pulmonary septation, among other cardiac defects [12,13].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk2'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
C: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
D: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
E: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
F: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
G: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
H: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, neural crest-specific deletion of the BMP type I receptors Alk2 and Alk3 has been shown to lead to defective aortico-pulmonary septation, among other cardiac defects [12,13].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
B: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
C: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
D: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
E: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
F: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
G: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
H: zinc transporter 10 (arabidopsis thaliana) (zrt/irt-like protein 10 (arabidopsis thaliana)) (aka zinc transporter 10 (arabidopsis thaliana))
I: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
J: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, neural crest-specific deletion of the BMP type I receptors Alk2 and Alk3 has been shown to lead to defective aortico-pulmonary septation, among other cardiac defects [12,13].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmp'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gst class-alpha member 3 (mouse) (aka glutathione s-transferase a3 (mouse))
B: cd121a (mouse) (aka interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (mouse))
C: chemokine receptor cxcr3 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 3)
D: lcr1 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4)
E: melanocortin receptor 4 (mc4r (aka melanocortin receptor 4))
F: mad homolog 3 (aka smad3)
G: long chain acyl-coa hydrolase (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 1)
H: aconitase (aka aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial)
I: c9orf87 (aka trimeric intracellular cation channel type b)
J: cytoplasmic acetyl-coa hydrolase 1 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 12)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'TGF-β subfamily ligands signal via a receptor complex composed of two type II receptors and two type I receptors', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
B: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
C: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
D: gpr5 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1) (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
E: nmbr (aka neuromedin-b receptor) (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
F: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
G: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
H: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
I: chemokine receptor cxcr7 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
J: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-βs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
B: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
C: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
D: cxc-r7 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
E: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
F: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
G: neuromedin-b-preferring bombesin receptor (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
H: g-protein coupled receptor 5 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
I: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
B: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
C: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
D: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
E: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
G: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
I: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
J: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
B: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
C: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
D: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
E: gpr5 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1) (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
F: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
G: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: neuromedin-b-preferring bombesin receptor (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
I: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
J: cmkor1 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
B: neuromedin-b-preferring bombesin receptor (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
C: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
D: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
E: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
F: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
G: cxcr-7 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
H: chemokine receptor xcr1 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
I: tgfb1/var:2 (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
J: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmps'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chemokine receptor cxcr3 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 3)
B: mc5r (aka melanocortin receptor 5) (aka melanocortin receptor 5)
C: kiaa0707 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 11)
D: mc4r (aka melanocortin receptor 4) (aka melanocortin receptor 4)
E: cytoplasmic acetyl-coa hydrolase 1 (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 12)
F: uncharacterized ring finger protein c2f3.16 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-spac2f3.16) (aka uncharacterized ring finger protein c2f3.16 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
G: long chain acyl-coa hydrolase (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 1)
H: gst class-alpha member 3 (mouse) (aka glutathione s-transferase a3 (mouse))
I: lcr1 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4)
J: mad homolog 3 (aka smad3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smads ... 2'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hmpdu1 (aka mannose-p-dolichol utilization defect 1 protein (human))
B: ecpn (aka encephalopsin) (aka encephalopsin)
C: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1 (il1rn/iso:1) (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1)
D: m opsin (aka medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
E: membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase isoform h2 (human) (hpkmyt1/iso:h2) (aka membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase isoform h2 (human))
F: eta-r (aka endothelin-1 receptor)
G: hmpdu1/iso:h1 (aka mannose-p-dolichol utilization defect 1 protein isoform h1 (human))
H: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
I: membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase isoform h1 (human) (hpkmyt1/iso:h1) (aka membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase isoform h1 (human))
J: interleukin-17a isoform 1 (il17a/iso:1) (aka interleukin-17a isoform 1)
K: None of the above. | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmp smads'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: smad8b (aka smad9 isoform 2)
B: high affinity interleukin-8 receptor
C: c-myc protein isoform 1 phosphorylated form (myc/iso:1/phosres+) (aka c-myc protein isoform 1 phosphorylated form)
D: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
E: ecpn (aka encephalopsin) (aka encephalopsin)
F: latrophilin-1 (aka adhesion g protein-coupled receptor l1)
G: cyslt2 (aka cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2)
H: cc-ckr-4 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4)
I: smad 6 (aka smad6)
J: cysteinyl leukotriene d4 receptor (aka cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk2'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
B: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
C: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
D: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
E: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
F: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
G: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bmp type ii receptor'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mad3 (aka smad3) (aka smad3)
B: cc-ckr-7 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 7)
C: smad family member 6 (aka smad6)
D: mothers against dpp homolog 5 (aka smad5)
E: smad4/var:5 (aka smad4 sequence variant 5)
F: hsptbn1/iso:long (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform long (human))
G: hnog/iso:1 (aka noggin isoform 1 (human))
H: ccr8 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 8) (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 8)
I: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform short (human) (hsptbn1/iso:short) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform short (human))
J: smad4/var:3 (aka smad4 sequence variant 3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β smads'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: latrophilin-1 (aka adhesion g protein-coupled receptor l1)
B: eta-r (aka endothelin-1 receptor)
C: c-myc protein isoform 1 phosphorylated form (myc/iso:1/phosres+) (aka c-myc protein isoform 1 phosphorylated form)
D: msmad6 (aka smad6)
E: growth hormone secretagogue receptor (ghsr (aka growth hormone secretagogue receptor))
F: n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h4 (human) (hnpl/iso:h4) (aka n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h4 (human))
G: 26s proteasome-associated uch37-interacting protein 1 (aka haus augmin-like complex subunit 7)
H: smad8b (aka smad9 isoform 2)
I: cyslt2 (aka cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2)
J: k5-5 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smads ... 3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: k5-5 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4)
B: lectomedin-2 (aka adhesion g protein-coupled receptor l1)
C: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
D: mclca5 (mouse) (aka calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 2 (mouse))
E: growth hormone secretagogue receptor (ghsr (aka growth hormone secretagogue receptor))
F: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1 (il1rn/iso:1) (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1)
G: cysteinyl leukotriene d4 receptor (aka cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1)
H: eta-r (aka endothelin-1 receptor)
I: adp-ribosylation factor 7 (mouse) (aka adp-ribosylation factor-like protein 14 (mouse))
J: hd domain-containing protein 2 (mouse) (mhddc2) (aka hd domain-containing protein 2 (mouse))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smads ... 1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uncharacterized protein ydat (escherichia coli k-12) (ec-ydat) (aka uncharacterized protein ydat (escherichia coli k-12))
B: k5-5 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4)
C: opn1mw2 (aka medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
D: high affinity interleukin-8 receptor
E: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
F: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1 (il1rn/iso:1) (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1)
G: ec-racr (aka rac prophage repressor (escherichia coli k-12))
H: il1rn/iso:3 (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 3)
I: latrophilin-1 (aka adhesion g protein-coupled receptor l1)
J: interleukin-17a isoform 1 (il17a/iso:1) (aka interleukin-17a isoform 1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smads ... 5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 2-acylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 isoform 1 (human) (hmogat2/iso:1) (aka 2-acylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 isoform 1 (human))
B: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
C: ghsr (aka growth hormone secretagogue receptor) (aka growth hormone secretagogue receptor)
D: ferrous-iron efflux pump fief (escherichia coli k-12) (ec-fief) (aka ferrous-iron efflux pump fief (escherichia coli k-12))
E: ec-yefm (aka antitoxin yefm (escherichia coli k-12))
F: opn1mw2 (aka medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
G: multidrug resistance protein mdth (escherichia coli k-12) (ec-mdth) (aka multidrug resistance protein mdth (escherichia coli k-12))
H: n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h4 (human) (hnpl/iso:h4) (aka n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h4 (human))
I: 2-acylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 isoform h2 (human) (hmogat2/iso:h2) (aka 2-acylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 isoform h2 (human))
J: n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h3 (human) (hnpl/iso:h3) (aka n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h3 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general terms, TGF-βs bind to the TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) and TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) activating TGF-β Smads (2 and 3), while BMPs bind to the BMP type II receptor and type I receptors ALK2, -3, or 6, activating BMP Smads (1, 5 and 8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smads ... 8'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mcpsf1 (aka cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 (mouse))
B: spcc757.08 (aka exosome complex component rrp45 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
C: il1rn/iso:4 (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 4)
D: cc-ckr-4 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4)
E: il1rn/iso:3 (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 3)
F: m opsin (aka medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
G: dr6 (aka tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 21 (mouse)) (aka tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 21 (mouse))
H: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1 (il1rn/iso:1) (aka interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein isoform 1)
I: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
J: growth hormone secretagogue receptor (ghsr (aka growth hormone secretagogue receptor))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, recent studies have identified novel TGF-β-related ligands, which can bind to entire different combinations of receptors.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: xc chemokine receptor 1 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
B: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
C: cmkor1 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
D: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
E: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
F: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
G: opn1lw (aka long-wave-sensitive opsin 1)
H: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
I: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
J: nmbr (aka neuromedin-b receptor) (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) 8 and 9 can bind to Activin type II receptor and ALK5 to activate TGF-β Smads', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'growth and differentiation factors ... 8'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macoilin (brain-specific adaptor protein c61) (aka macoilin)
B: olfactory receptor 2m6 (aka olfactory receptor 2m3)
C: c19orf4 (aka transmembrane protein 59-like)
D: protein admp (aka small subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase b)
E: type ii phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase (aka transmembrane protein 55a)
F: prk (sinorhizobium meliloti 1021) (aka phosphoribulokinase (sinorhizobium meliloti 1021))
G: ptdins-4,5-p2 4-ptase i (aka type 1 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase)
H: neurexin-1 isoform 10a (rat) (aka neurexin-1-alpha isoform a15 (rat))
I: ost423 (aka olfactory receptor 2m2)
J: worm-dcst1 (aka k12b6.2 protein (caenorhabditis elegans))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) 8 and 9 can bind to Activin type II receptor and ALK5 to activate TGF-β Smads', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'growth and differentiation factors ... 9'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tmem55a (aka transmembrane protein 55a)
B: pachytene arrest protein sae3 (yeast) (sporulation in the absence of spo11 protein 3 (yeast)) (aka pachytene arrest protein sae3 (yeast))
C: yddr2 (aka protein ddr2 (yeast))
D: cte-ib (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 1)
E: macoilin (brain-specific adaptor protein c61) (aka macoilin)
F: acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 11 (bfit (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 11))
G: dynamin isoform 1 (fruit fly) (dynamin isoform f (fruit fly)) (aka dynamin isoform 1 (fruit fly))
H: transmembrane protein 67 (aka meckelin)
I: ptdins-4,5-p2 4-ptase i (aka type 1 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase)
J: olfactory receptor 2m6 (aka olfactory receptor 2m3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) 8 and 9 can bind to Activin type II receptor and ALK5 to activate TGF-β Smads', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gdfs ... 8'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pachytene arrest protein sae3 (yeast) (sporulation in the absence of spo11 protein 3 (yeast)) (aka pachytene arrest protein sae3 (yeast))
B: smel-cbbl (aka ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain (sinorhizobium meliloti 1021))
C: olfactory receptor 2m3 (olfactory receptor or1-54) (aka olfactory receptor 2m3)
D: matp (aka membrane-associated transporter protein (mouse)) (aka membrane-associated transporter protein (mouse))
E: sensory axon guidance 3 (caenorhabditis elegans) (aka protein sax-3 (caenorhabditis elegans))
F: transmembrane protein 55b (aka type 1 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase)
G: ptdins-4,5-p2 4-ptase ii (aka transmembrane protein 55a)
H: brain-specific membrane-anchored protein (aka transmembrane protein 59-like)
I: or2m2 (aka olfactory receptor 2m2)
J: prk (sinorhizobium meliloti 1021) (aka phosphoribulokinase (sinorhizobium meliloti 1021))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) 8 and 9 can bind to Activin type II receptor and ALK5 to activate TGF-β Smads', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gdfs ... 9'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dynamin isoform 1 (fruit fly) (dynamin isoform f (fruit fly)) (aka dynamin isoform 1 (fruit fly))
B: tmem55a (aka transmembrane protein 55a)
C: olfactory receptor 2m6 (aka olfactory receptor 2m3)
D: cte-i (aka acyl-coenzyme a thioesterase 1)
E: meckel syndrome type 3 protein homolog (aka meckelin)
F: type i phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase (aka type 1 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase)
G: or2m2 (aka olfactory receptor 2m2)
H: pachytene arrest protein sae3 (yeast) (sporulation in the absence of spo11 protein 3 (yeast)) (aka pachytene arrest protein sae3 (yeast))
I: yol052bc (aka protein ddr2 (yeast))
J: brain-specific membrane-anchored protein (aka transmembrane protein 59-like)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) 8 and 9 can bind to Activin type II receptor and ALK5 to activate TGF-β Smads', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β smads'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: smad 6 (aka smad6)
B: c-myc protein isoform 1 phosphorylated form (myc/iso:1/phosres+) (aka c-myc protein isoform 1 phosphorylated form)
C: n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h4 (human) (hnpl/iso:h4) (aka n-acetylneuraminate lyase isoform h4 (human))
D: cyslt1r (aka cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1)
E: myc/iso:1/glycores+ (aka c-myc protein isoform 1 glycosylated form)
F: 26s proteasome-associated uch37-interacting protein 1 (aka haus augmin-like complex subunit 7)
G: ecpn (aka encephalopsin) (aka encephalopsin)
H: k5-5 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4) (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 4)
I: hmad-2 (aka smad2)
J: endothelin receptor a (aka endothelin-1 receptor)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) 8 and 9 can bind to Activin type II receptor and ALK5 to activate TGF-β Smads', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
B: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
C: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
D: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
E: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
F: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
G: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
H: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
I: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
J: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, we hypothesized that deletion of Alk5 in a specific cell lineage should reveal phenotypes which cannot be seen in comparable mutants lacking Tgfbr2.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
B: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
C: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
D: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
E: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
F: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
G: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
H: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
I: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
J: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Indeed, we recently showed that neural crest cell specific Alk5 mutants display a unique spectrum of craniofacial developmental defects, e.g., cleft snout and severe mandibular hypoplasia', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
B: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
D: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
E: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
F: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
G: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
H: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
I: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
J: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine, whether ALK5 would also mediate unique non-redundant signaling events in cardiac neural crest cells, we focused on cardiac and pharyngeal phenotypes of mouse embryos lacking Alk5 specifically in neural crest cells.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
B: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
C: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
D: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
E: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
F: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
G: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
H: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
J: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine, whether ALK5 would also mediate unique non-redundant signaling events in cardiac neural crest cells, we focused on cardiac and pharyngeal phenotypes of mouse embryos lacking Alk5 specifically in neural crest cells.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
B: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
C: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
D: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
E: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
G: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
H: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
I: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
J: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We discovered that in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, pharyngeal organs (thymus and parathyroid) fail to migrate appropriately.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
B: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
C: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
E: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
F: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
G: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
H: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
J: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We discovered that in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, pharyngeal organs (thymus and parathyroid) fail to migrate appropriately.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
C: uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz (ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz))
D: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
E: importin-1 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
F: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
G: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
H: mmtv integration site 6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
I: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
J: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These phenotypes differ remarkably from those seen in corresponding Tgfbr2 mutants, suggesting that ALK5 mediates a wider spectrum of signaling events than its classical binding partner TGFβRII in cardiac neural crest cells during cardiac and pharyngeal development.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
B: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
C: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
D: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
E: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
F: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
G: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
H: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
I: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
J: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Persistent truncus arteriosus and abnormal large vessels in mice lacking Alk5 in cardiac NCCs
To inactivate Alk5 in cardiac NCCs, mice homozygous for the floxed Alk5 allele (Alk5Flox/Flox)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
B: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
D: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
E: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
F: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
G: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
H: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
I: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
J: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Persistent truncus arteriosus and abnormal large vessels in mice lacking Alk5 in cardiac NCCs
To inactivate Alk5 in cardiac NCCs, mice homozygous for the floxed Alk5 allele (Alk5Flox/Flox)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
B: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
D: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
E: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
F: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
G: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
H: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
J: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Persistent truncus arteriosus and abnormal large vessels in mice lacking Alk5 in cardiac NCCs
To inactivate Alk5 in cardiac NCCs, mice homozygous for the floxed Alk5 allele (Alk5Flox/Flox)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
B: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
C: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
E: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
F: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
G: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
I: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
J: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Persistent truncus arteriosus and abnormal large vessels in mice lacking Alk5 in cardiac NCCs
To inactivate Alk5 in cardiac NCCs, mice homozygous for the floxed Alk5 allele (Alk5Flox/Flox)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
C: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
D: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
E: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
F: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
G: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
H: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[21] were crossed with transgenic Wnt1-Cre mice [22], which were also heterozygous for the Alk5 knockout allele (Alk5KO) allele.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
B: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
C: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
D: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
E: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
G: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
H: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
I: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
J: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[21] were crossed with transgenic Wnt1-Cre mice [22], which were also heterozygous for the Alk5 knockout allele (Alk5KO) allele.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
B: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
C: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
D: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
E: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
F: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
G: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
H: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
I: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
J: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[21] were crossed with transgenic Wnt1-Cre mice [22], which were also heterozygous for the Alk5 knockout allele (Alk5KO) allele.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
B: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
C: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
D: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
E: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
F: viral integration site protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
G: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
I: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
J: importin-1 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
B: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
C: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
D: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
E: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
F: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
G: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
H: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
I: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
J: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
B: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
C: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
D: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
E: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
F: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
G: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
H: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
J: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
B: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
C: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
D: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
E: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
G: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
H: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
I: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
J: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
B: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
C: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
D: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
E: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
F: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
G: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
H: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
I: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
J: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
B: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
C: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
D: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
E: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
G: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
H: eif-3 p48 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
I: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
J: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
B: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
C: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
D: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
E: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
F: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
G: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
H: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
I: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
J: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
B: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
C: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
E: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
G: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
H: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
I: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
J: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
B: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
C: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
D: eif3s6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
E: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
F: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
G: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
H: uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz (ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz))
I: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
J: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The resulting mice heterozygous for the Alk5Flox and Alk5KO alleles, which also carried the Wnt1-Cre transgene, had the Alk5 gene specifically inactivated in NCCs (herein termed Alk5/Wnt1-Cre), while the littermates with remaining allelic combinations were phenotypically normal and served as controls (Alk5Flox/+, Alk5KO/+; Wnt1-Cre).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
B: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
C: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
D: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
E: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
G: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
H: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
I: mammary tumor-associated protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
J: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When embryos were harvested during the last day of gestation, an expected number (25%) of Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants were recovered.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
C: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
D: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
E: uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz (ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz))
F: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
G: importin-1 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
I: mammary tumor-associated protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
J: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When embryos were harvested during the last day of gestation, an expected number (25%) of Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants were recovered.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
D: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
E: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
F: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
G: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
H: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
I: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
J: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine, if ALK5-mediated TGF-β-signaling had a role in development of the OFT and large vessels of the aortic arch, we performed casting dye experiments on E17 embryos (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
B: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
D: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
E: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
F: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
G: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
H: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine, if ALK5-mediated TGF-β-signaling had a role in development of the OFT and large vessels of the aortic arch, we performed casting dye experiments on E17 embryos (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tgf-β'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2 (tgfb1/var:2) (aka tgf-beta 1 sequence variant 2)
B: gpr5 (aka chemokine xc receptor 1) (aka chemokine xc receptor 1)
C: syf2/initmet- (aka pre-mrna-splicing factor syf2, initiator methionine removed form)
D: rhodopsin (opn2 (aka rhodopsin))
E: symplekin, initiator methionine removed form (sympk/initmet-) (aka symplekin, initiator methionine removed form)
F: chemokine receptor cxcr7 (aka c-x-c chemokine receptor type 7)
G: acvrl1/var:6 (aka serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor r3 sequence variant 6)
H: cdk-activating kinase assembly factor mat1 homolog (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka rna polymerase ii transcription factor b subunit 3 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
I: nmbr (aka neuromedin-b receptor) (aka neuromedin-b receptor)
J: mc1qb (aka complement c1q subcomponent subunit b (mouse))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos consistently displayed a single prominent arterial trunk (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
B: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
C: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
D: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
E: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
F: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
G: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
H: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
I: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
J: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Approximately 40% of the Alk5 mutants had a right-sided outflow tract, with the retroesophageal arch connecting to the descending aorta and to the left subclavian artery.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
B: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
C: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
D: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
E: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
F: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
G: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
H: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
I: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
J: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants consistently displayed PTA, which differed significantly from the characteristic interrupted aortic arch phenotype seen in Tgfbr2/Wnt1-Cre mutants [8,9].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
C: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
D: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
E: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
F: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
G: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
H: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
I: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
J: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants consistently displayed PTA, which differed significantly from the characteristic interrupted aortic arch phenotype seen in Tgfbr2/Wnt1-Cre mutants [8,9].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
C: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
D: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
E: eif3e (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
F: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
G: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
H: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
I: importin-1 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
J: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants consistently displayed PTA, which differed significantly from the characteristic interrupted aortic arch phenotype seen in Tgfbr2/Wnt1-Cre mutants [8,9].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
B: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
C: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
D: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
E: eif-3 p48 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
G: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
H: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
I: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
J: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 1
Abrogation of Alk5 in neural crest cells leads to persistent truncus arteriosus type A2.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
B: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
C: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
D: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
E: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
F: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
G: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
H: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
I: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
J: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Control (A), Tgfbr2/Wnt1-Cre mutant [8] (B) demonstrating the PTA type A4 (= truncus arteriosus with interrupted aortic arch [30]) and Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants demonstrating the right-sided (C) and left-sided (D) arches of the truncus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
B: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
C: viral integration site protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
D: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
E: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
G: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
H: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
I: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
J: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Control (A), Tgfbr2/Wnt1-Cre mutant [8] (B) demonstrating the PTA type A4 (= truncus arteriosus with interrupted aortic arch [30]) and Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants demonstrating the right-sided (C) and left-sided (D) arches of the truncus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
B: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
C: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
D: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
E: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
F: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
G: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
H: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
I: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
J: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Control (A), Tgfbr2/Wnt1-Cre mutant [8] (B) demonstrating the PTA type A4 (= truncus arteriosus with interrupted aortic arch [30]) and Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants demonstrating the right-sided (C) and left-sided (D) arches of the truncus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
C: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
D: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
E: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
G: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
H: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
I: eif-3 p48 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
J: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (I-P) the conotruncal septum fails to form, and either left-sided (I-L) or right-sided (M-P) aortic arch can be seen.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
B: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
C: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
D: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
E: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
F: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
G: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
H: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (I-P) the conotruncal septum fails to form, and either left-sided (I-L) or right-sided (M-P) aortic arch can be seen.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
C: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
D: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
E: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
F: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
G: viral integration site protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
H: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
I: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
J: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abnormal patterning of the pharyngeal arch arteries and aortic sac in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutants
During cardiovascular development, the PAAs undergo a complex set of sequential asymmetric remodeling steps resulting in the left-sided aortic arch.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
B: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
C: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
D: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
E: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
F: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
G: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
H: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
I: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
J: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine, whether ALK5-mediated signaling was involved in remodeling of PAAs, we performed intracardiac India ink injections at different developmental stages.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
C: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
D: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
E: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
F: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
G: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
I: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
J: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While at E10, Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants did not show obvious differences in the PAAs, abnormal remodeling became obvious in mutants a day later at E11 (Fig. 2).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
B: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
C: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
D: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
E: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
F: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
G: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
H: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
I: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
J: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While at E10, Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants did not show obvious differences in the PAAs, abnormal remodeling became obvious in mutants a day later at E11 (Fig. 2).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
B: mammary tumor-associated protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
C: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
D: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
E: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
F: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
G: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: importin-1 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
I: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
J: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the 3rd and 4th pairs of PAAs were bilaterally hypoplastic, whereas the 6th pair of PAAs was notably hyperplastic (Fig. 2B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
B: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
C: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
D: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
E: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
G: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
H: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
I: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
J: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the 3rd and 4th pairs of PAAs were bilaterally hypoplastic, whereas the 6th pair of PAAs was notably hyperplastic (Fig. 2B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
B: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
C: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
D: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
E: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
F: uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz (ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz))
G: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
H: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
I: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
J: viral integration site protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 2
Abnormal patterning of the PAAs in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
B: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
C: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
E: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
F: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
G: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
H: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
I: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
J: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 2
Abnormal patterning of the PAAs in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
B: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
C: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
D: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
E: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
F: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
G: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
I: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
J: mammary tumor-associated protein int-6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Left lateral view after intracardiac ink injections to visualize the developing PAAs at E11.0 (A,B), E12.0 (C, D) and E13.0 (E, F) in controls (A, C, E) and Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (B, D, F).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
B: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
C: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
E: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
F: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
G: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
H: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Left lateral view after intracardiac ink injections to visualize the developing PAAs at E11.0 (A,B), E12.0 (C, D) and E13.0 (E, F) in controls (A, C, E) and Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (B, D, F).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz (ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz))
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
C: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
D: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
E: eif-3 p48 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
F: spbc1604.08c (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
G: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
H: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
I: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
J: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the T-shaped aortic sac failed to form (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
B: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
C: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
D: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
E: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
F: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
G: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
H: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
I: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
J: mmtv integration site 6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the T-shaped aortic sac failed to form (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
B: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
C: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
D: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
E: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
F: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
G: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
I: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
J: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 3
Abnormal Aortic Sac in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
C: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
D: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
E: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
G: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
H: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
I: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
J: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 3
Abnormal Aortic Sac in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
B: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
C: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
D: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
E: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
G: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
H: mmtv integration site 6 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
I: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
J: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (B, D) fail to form the typical T-shaped structure of the aortic sac seen in controls at E11.5. (A, C).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
B: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
C: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
D: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
E: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
F: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
G: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
H: eif-3 p48 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
I: ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz) (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz)
J: shh-n (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (B, D) fail to form the typical T-shaped structure of the aortic sac seen in controls at E11.5. (A, C).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
B: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
C: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
D: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
E: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
F: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
G: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
H: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
I: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cardiac NCCs deficient in Alk5 can populate the outflow tract
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: c-c ckr-2 (aka c-c chemokine receptor type 2)
B: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
C: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
D: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
E: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
F: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
G: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
H: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
I: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
J: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Briefly, Alk5Flox/Flox mice were crossed with the ROSA26 Cre reporter mice, and subsequently Alk5Flox/Flox;R26R(+/+)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
B: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
C: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
D: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
E: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
F: fst/iso:2/sigpep-/glycores+ (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
G: decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form (dcn/iso:a/clvglyco+) (aka decorin isoform a cleaved and glycosylated form)
H: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
I: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
J: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Briefly, Alk5Flox/Flox mice were crossed with the ROSA26 Cre reporter mice, and subsequently Alk5Flox/Flox;R26R(+/+)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
B: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
C: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
D: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
E: hmad-3 (aka smad3)
F: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
G: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
H: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
I: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
J: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'females were crossed with Alk5KO/WT;Wnt1-Cre males.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
B: btn1a1 (aka butyrophilin subfamily 1 member a1)
C: follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form (follistatin isoform 2 cleaved and glycosylated 1) (aka follistatin isoform 2, signal peptide removed glycosylated form)
D: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
E: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
F: protein pc3b (aka protein btg4)
G: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
H: protein tob5 (aka protein btg3)
I: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
J: faslg/iso:fasl/glycores+ (aka tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform fasl glycosylated form)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'females were crossed with Alk5KO/WT;Wnt1-Cre males.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wnt1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eif-3 p48 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit e)
B: uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz (ycjz (aka uncharacterized hth-type transcriptional regulator ycjz))
C: karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (aka importin subunit alpha-2 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
D: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f)
E: mshh/sigpep- (aka sonic hedgehog protein, signal peptide removed form (mouse))
F: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 1 (aka eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit j)
G: sonic hedgehog protein n-product (shh/clv:nter) (aka sonic hedgehog protein n-product)
H: ec-hdha (aka 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (escherichia coli k-12))
I: mumps (aka uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (mouse))
J: rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-) (spom972h-rex4) (aka rna exonuclease 4 (schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-))
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, serial transverse sectioning of whole mount embryos (E10-E12) and subsequent analysis of positively stained cells in the OFT region demonstrated that CNCCs deficient in Alk5 were capable of populating the PAAs, aortic sac and conotruncal ridges at a level comparable to that of controls (Fig 4).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alk5'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human) (hsptbn1/iso:2) (aka spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform 2 (human))
B: ca-ii (aka carbonic anhydrase 2)
C: dwarfin-c (aka smad5)
D: growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2 (gdf5/var:2) (aka growth/differentiation factor 5 sequence variant 2)
E: isoform a (aka tgf-beta 2 isoform a)
F: smad4/var:2 (aka smad4 sequence variant 2)
G: ddb_g0280345 (aka small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (dictyostelium discoideum))
H: carbonic anhydrase 3 (car3 (aka carbonic anhydrase 3))
I: streppym1-rplj (aka 50s ribosomal protein l10 (streptococcus pyogenes serotype m1))
J: ddb_g0280455 (aka activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 2 homolog (dictyostelium discoideum))
K: None of the above. | K |
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