instruction stringlengths 161 2.29k | input stringlengths 80 650 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mash1 null mutant mice do not display any clear malformation of the DG [20].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
B: peromyscus
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This applies both to the juvenile and adult rat brain [21], [25].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus (rats (aka rattus norvegicus))
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus rattus)
C: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
D: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
E: rattus norvegicus albus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found the sequential expression of these markers conserved in juvenile (P2 and 2 weeks) and adult rodent brains.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rodent'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: genus
C: rodentia (rodents) (aka rodentia)
D: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
E: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found the sequential expression of these markers conserved in juvenile (P2 and 2 weeks) and adult rodent brains.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rodent'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Importantly, we observed that the same transcription factors and neuronal markers are also present in the adult human hippocampus and arranged spatially in a manner reminiscent with what we saw in rodents.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: avian (aka aves)
E: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Typically some mitotically active eGFP+ cells were present in the DG of rats injected with the Ngn2 retrovirus (Figure 7P), and we observed that cultured Ngn2-transduced cells are still capable of dividing.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
B: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
D: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because neuronal differentiation still occurs in Ngn2 null mice, it is clear that compensatory, Ngn2-independent mechanisms induce NeuroD1 expression.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One candidate is Ngn1, which is expressed during neocorticogenesis, the specification of olfactory sensory neurons and during embryonic rat hippocampal development', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
B: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
C: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The double null Ngn1/Ngn2 mutant displays a more severe phenotype than single gene (Ngn1 or Ngn2) mutant mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'If the role of Ngn1 during hippocampal neurogenesis is to activate NeuroD1 and that of Ngn2 is to control granule neuroblasts production/amplification, the DG of double Ngn1/Ngn2 knockout mice should resemble that of NeuroD1 null mutant mice.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'If the role of Ngn1 during hippocampal neurogenesis is to activate NeuroD1 and that of Ngn2 is to control granule neuroblasts production/amplification, the DG of double Ngn1/Ngn2 knockout mice should resemble that of NeuroD1 null mutant mice.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: peromyscus
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and Methods
Animal tissue preparation
The creation of the Ngn2 transgenic mice was reported elsewhere (ref guillemot).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heterozygote male and female mice were crossed to obtain WT, heterozygote (Ngn2+/GFP) and null mutant (Ngn2GFP/GFP) animals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: peromyscus
D: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
E: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neurogenesis was assessed in two weeks or two months old WT mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neurogenesis was assessed in two weeks or two months old WT mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sprague Dawley pregnant rats were ordered from B&K Universal Ltd, Sollentuna, Sweden (hppt://www.bku.com).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus rattus)
C: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
D: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunohistochemical analysis, mice (from two weeks old and adult stage) and juvenile rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion with saline for 5–10 minutes, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 10 minutes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: peromyscus
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunohistochemical analysis, mice (from two weeks old and adult stage) and juvenile rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion with saline for 5–10 minutes, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 10 minutes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: rat (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rattus norvegicus albus
D: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heads of postanatal two days old mice were decapitated and soaked in PFA 4% for 24 hours, at 4°C and transferred into sucrose solution until sectioning on cryostat apparatus (16 µm thickness; Leica CM3000).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To generate the construct pCMMP-NeuroD1-IRES2eGFP-WPRE, mouse NeuroD1 cDNA was amplified from a pCS2+mtNeuroD1 plasmid (kindly provided by Professor Jackie Lee, Denver university, Boulder, USA) by PCR to introduce the restriction sites PmeI in 5′ and XhoI in 3′. Amplification of cDNA was performed as previously described [49].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neurosphere generation, transduction and differentiation
Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats (B & K Universal, Sollentuna, Sweden) were terminally anesthetized by an overdose of sodium pentobarbital (i.p., 60 ng/ml).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sprague-dawley rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
B: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rattus norvegicus albus
D: cotton rats (aka sigmodon)
E: rattus rattus kandianus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
C: lepus europaeus europaeus
D: rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: peromyscus
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'guinea pig'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
B: caviidae (cavies) (aka caviidae)
C: guineafowls (aka numididae)
D: pig (aka sus scrofa) (aka sus scrofa)
E: guinea-pigs (aka cavia)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
B: bovidae
C: domestic rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
E: lepus europaeus europaeus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
B: hares (aka lepus)
C: lepus europaeus europaeus
D: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
E: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bovidae
B: goat (aka capra hircus) (aka capra hircus)
C: donkey (aka equus asinus)
D: sueus
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: goats (aka capra hircus)
C: bovidae
D: sueus
E: capraita
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
E: lepus europaeus europaeus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: domestic rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
B: bovidae
C: cattle (aka bos)
D: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
E: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rabbits (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
B: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
C: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
D: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: capra hircus (capra aegagrus hircus) (aka capra hircus)
B: capreolus
C: bovidae
D: capra
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
B: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
C: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
C: rabbits (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
E: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: peromyscus
E: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
D: peromyscus
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
D: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
E: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
B: cattle (aka bos)
C: bovidae
D: lepus europaeus europaeus
E: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
C: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
C: lepus europaeus europaeus
D: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
E: rabbits (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
B: bovidae
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: oryctolagus cuniculus (japanese white rabbit) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunocytochemistry, cultures were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at day five, rinsed with PBS three times prior to pre-incubation with a blocking solution (10% donkey serum, 0.25% TritonX100 in PBS) for 1 hour.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'donkey'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: equus africanus asinus (aka equus asinus africanus)
B: african ass (aka equus asinus)
C: equus caballus x equus asinus (hybrid of male horse and female donkey) (aka equus caballus x equus asinus)
D: equus asinus asinus
E: equus subg. asinus (aka equus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and Cloro-deoxyuridine (CldU) pulse labeling and immunohisto- and immunocyto-chemistry
To assess cell proliferation and ongoing neurogenesis in vivo, animals were injected with BrdU (100 mg/kg, Sigma), two hours prior to sacrifice (for both P2 and two weeks old Ngn2 mice).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
B: peromyscus
C: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunohistochemistry was carried on as described above using a rat anti-CldU/BrdU primary antibody (1∶200, monoclonal, Immunologicalsdirect, Oxfordshire, UK), with an additional denaturation in 1 M HCl for 30 minutes prior to pre-incubation with serum.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
D: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunocytochemistry, cultures were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at day 7, rinsed with PBS three times, treated with 1 M HCl at 65°C for 5–10 min, pre-incubated and then incubated with a rat anti-CldU/BrdU antibody and other primary antibodies.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
C: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In utero surgery
Timed pregnant female Sprague Dawley rats with embryos at gestational age E15.5 were anesthetized with halothane.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sprague dawley rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
B: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rattus rattus kandianus
D: rattus exulans (polynesian rat) (aka rattus exulans)
E: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In utero surgery
Timed pregnant female Sprague Dawley rats with embryos at gestational age E15.5 were anesthetized with halothane.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sprague dawley rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus rattus (aka rattus rattus)
B: rattus sordidus (australian dusky field rat) (aka rattus sordidus)
C: eastern new guinea rat (aka rattus mordax)
D: rat (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
E: rattus norvegicus albus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, more than 25 Ngn2 null, >45 Ngn2 heterozygotes, and >60 WT individuals (including rats injected with retroviruses) were analyzed, in total.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: mus rattus (aka rattus rattus)
D: rat (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
E: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All data are expressed as±standard error of the mean (SEM).
Human sample and RT-PCR
The brain from a 64 year-old male was provided by the Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: animals (aka metazoa)
D: avian (aka aves)
E: this
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Five millimeters thick fresh human hippocampal tissue sample was snap frozen.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: probles
E: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some of them (but not the parent sulfonamides) strongly lowered IOP in rabbits when administered as a 2% solution into the eye.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
B: hares (aka lepus)
C: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
D: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
E: oryctolagus cuniculus (japanese white rabbit) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some of them (but not the parent sulfonamides) strongly lowered IOP in rabbits when administered as a 2% solution into the eye.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
B: cattle (aka bos)
C: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
D: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
E: lepus europaeus europaeus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The new compounds have been characterized by standard physico-chemical procedures, and were assayed as inhibitors of three CA isozymes, hCA I, hCA II and bCA IV (h human; b bovine; these are the isozymes considered to play a critical role in aqueous humour secretion within the eye of higher vertebrates [2-5]).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kingdom
B: primate (aka primates)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: birds (aka aves)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The new compounds have been characterized by standard physico-chemical procedures, and were assayed as inhibitors of three CA isozymes, hCA I, hCA II and bCA IV (h human; b bovine; these are the isozymes considered to play a critical role in aqueous humour secretion within the eye of higher vertebrates [2-5]).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
B: bos sp.
C: bovine (aka bos taurus)
D: bovidae
E: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Human CA and CA II cDNAs were expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) from the plasmids pACA/hCA I and pACAdaCA II described by Forsman et al.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
D: species
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'IV was isolated from bovine lung microsomes as described by Maren et al, and its concentration has been determined by titration with ethoxzolamide [33].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
B: bos sp.
C: boveria
D: bos bovis (aka bos taurus)
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Measurement of tonometric lOP Adult male New Zealand albino rabbits weighing 2-3 kg were used in the experiments (three animals were used for each inhibitor studied).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
C: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
D: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
E: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Measurement of tonometric lOP Adult male New Zealand albino rabbits weighing 2-3 kg were used in the experiments (three animals were used for each inhibitor studied).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
B: bovidae
C: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
D: cattle (aka bos)
E: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The rabbits were kept in individual cages with food and water provided ad libitum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
B: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
C: hares (aka lepus)
D: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
E: oryctolagus cuniculus (japanese white rabbit) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The ocular hypotensive activity is expressed as the average difference in IOP between the treated and control eye, in this way minimizing the diurnal, seasonal and interindividual variations commonly observed in the rabbit [37-39].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
C: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
E: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In vivo IOP lowering experiments were done in rabbits with some of the new compounds prepared in the present work, such as the sulfonamides 6 and 7, and their Zn(II) complexes, which were among the strong CA II and CA IV inhibitors in the obtained series.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bovidae
B: rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
D: cattle (aka bos)
E: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some of the IOP lowering data at half an hour and one hour after the instillation of one drop of 2 % solution of inhibitor within the rabbit eye are shown in 312
Claudiu T. Supuran et al.
Metal-Based Drugs
Table IV, with dorzolamide (at the same concentration) as standard.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
B: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
C: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
D: rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Acetazolamide Methazolamide Ethoxzolamide
Dichlorophenamide Dorzolamide
Human (cloned) isozymes; b From bovine lung microsomes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: species
C: humans (aka homo)
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Acetazolamide Methazolamide Ethoxzolamide
Dichlorophenamide Dorzolamide
Human (cloned) isozymes; b From bovine lung microsomes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
B: bos sp.
C: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
D: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
E: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig l" Time dependence of IOP lowering with dorzolamide (curve 1); the zinc complex 10 (curve 3) and the zinc complex 17 (curve 3), after topical administration of one drop of 2 % solution of inhibitor in rabbit.
Preliminary results from this laboratory indicate that the metal complexes of topically active sulfonamides show also increased lOP lowering effects with respect to the complexes prepared in the present study', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
B: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
C: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
D: oryctolagus cuniculus (japanese white rabbit) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: hares (aka lepus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Borrelia burgdorferi membranes are the primary targets of reactive oxygen species
Abstract
Spirochetes living in an oxygen-rich environment or when challenged by host immune cells are exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because Borrelia burgdorferi contains no intracellular iron, DNA is most likely not a major target for ROS via Fenton reaction.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borreliales bacterium
C: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
D: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
E: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In support of this, growth of B. burgdorferi in the presence of 5 mM H2O2 had no effect on the DNA mutation rate (spontaneous coumermycin A1 resistance), and cells treated with 10 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide or 10 mM H2O2 show no increase in DNA damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
D: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In support of this, growth of B. burgdorferi in the presence of 5 mM H2O2 had no effect on the DNA mutation rate (spontaneous coumermycin A1 resistance), and cells treated with 10 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide or 10 mM H2O2 show no increase in DNA damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borreliales bacterium
D: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
E: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Unlike most bacteria, B. burgdorferi incorporates ROS-susceptible polyunsaturated fatty acids from the environment into their membranes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
C: borreliales bacterium
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analysis of lipoxidase-treated B. burgdorferi cells by Electron Microscopy showed significant irregularities indicative of membrane damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
B: borrelia
C: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data suggest that B. burgdorferi membrane lipids are targets for attack by ROS encountered in the various stages of the infective cycle.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Introduction
Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, survives and proliferates in distinctly different niches, including its arthropod vector and various mammalian hosts.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia
C: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
E: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These ‘micro’ environments provide their own distinct sets of advantages and challenges to B. burgdorferi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia
E: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, during the initial stages of infection of the mammalian host, immune cells attempt to prevent B. burgdorferi from establishing an infection using several systems including those generating bacteriocidal reactive oxygen species (ROS)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
D: borrelia
E: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order for B. burgdorferi to successfully colonize a new host and cause disease, they must overcome the challenges posed by the innate immune system including the deleterious effects of ROS/RNS compounds.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borrelia
C: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two notable exceptions are the photosynthetic bacteria which synthesize and incorporate significant levels of linoleic acid in their membrane (Tasaka et al., 1996) and Helicobacter pylori membranes which contain between 0.5% and 3% linoleic acid (Ursini and Bindoli, 1987).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'helicobacter pylori'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: helicobacter
B: campylobacter pylori (aka helicobacter pylori)
C: helicobacter pylori (strain nctc11638) (aka helicobacter pylori nctc 11638)
D: helicobacter canis
E: helicobacter pylori (strain n6) (aka helicobacter pylori n6)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The intracellular biochemistry of B. burgdorferi suggests that the primary cellular target of ROS may be distinct from that described in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The intracellular biochemistry of B. burgdorferi suggests that the primary cellular target of ROS may be distinct from that described in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: escherichia sp.
C: escherichia phage
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The intracellular biochemistry of B. burgdorferi suggests that the primary cellular target of ROS may be distinct from that described in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
B: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
C: unspecified coliform bacterium
D: escherichia phage
E: escherichia coli 1a
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In E. coli, the extent of DNA damage due to H2O2 and Fenton chemistry is directly proportional to Fe metabolism and the free Fe concentration within the cell (10 µM) (Keyer and Imlay, 1996).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
C: escherichia
D: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As the intracellular Fe concentrations of B. burgdorferi are estimated to be < 10 atoms per cell (Posey and Gherardini, 2000), it seems unlikely that DNA is a primary target for ROS.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
C: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
E: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the biochemical effects of ROS on B. burgdorferi, including growth effects and biological/physical damage.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
C: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Effect of ROS on B. burgdorferi cells
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia
C: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
D: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order to determine what the cellular targets of ROS in B. burgdorferi are, we first needed to determine the sensitivity of Borrelia cells to various oxidants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
C: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
D: borreliales bacterium
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Microaerobic cultures of B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 were grown to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1, treated with varying concentrations of H2O2 (0–50 mM) or t-butyl hydroperoxide (0–50 mM) and the number of surviving cells determined by plating.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
C: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, when E. coli cells were exposed to 1 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide, approximately 1% of the cells survive.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
B: escherichia phage
C: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. burgdorferi cells were much more resistant to t-butyl hydroperoxide than E. coli cells, with a survival rate of approximately 100% at 1 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
C: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. burgdorferi cells were much more resistant to t-butyl hydroperoxide than E. coli cells, with a survival rate of approximately 100% at 1 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
B: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
C: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: unspecified coliform bacterium
E: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2 have approximately 10% survivability, while 100% of the B. burgdorferi cells survive at this concentration, and approximately 80% survive when exposed to 10 mM H2O2 (Fig. 1B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
B: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
C: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
D: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
E: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2 have approximately 10% survivability, while 100% of the B. burgdorferi cells survive at this concentration, and approximately 80% survive when exposed to 10 mM H2O2 (Fig. 1B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia sp.
B: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
C: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
D: escherichia
E: escherichia phage
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2 have approximately 10% survivability, while 100% of the B. burgdorferi cells survive at this concentration, and approximately 80% survive when exposed to 10 mM H2O2 (Fig. 1B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
D: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, these data indicated that B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 was highly resistant to exposure to both t-butyl peroxide and H2O2.
Borrelia burgdorferi DNA is not the primary target of ROS
For most bacteria, DNA is the major target of ROS causing a wide variety of DNA lesions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
D: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, these data indicated that B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 was highly resistant to exposure to both t-butyl peroxide and H2O2.
Borrelia burgdorferi DNA is not the primary target of ROS
For most bacteria, DNA is the major target of ROS causing a wide variety of DNA lesions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
C: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, B. burgdorferi has been shown to harbour few genes encoding orthologues of known iron-containing proteins, does not require Fe for growth and has intracellular Fe concentrations estimated to be < 10 atoms per cell (Posey and Gherardini, 2000).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
B: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
C: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, these observations strongly suggest that B. burgdorferi DNA is not a major target for ROS.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
D: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
E: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To test this hypothesis, different techniques were used to measure DNA damage in B. burgdorferi cells after exposure to ROS.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia
B: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
C: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
D: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In B. burgdorferi, mutations that confer resistance to coumermycin A1, which targets the β subunit of DNA gyrase, have been mapped to gyrB, the gene encoding DNA gyrase B (Samuels et al., 1994).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
B: borrelia
C: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
D: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine if exposure to oxidants increases DNA damage by increasing point mutations, B. burgdorferi B31A3 cells grown under microaerobic conditions were treated with 5 mM H2O2 and plated in the presence and absence of 250 ng ml−1 coumermycin A1.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
B: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borreliales bacterium
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | B |
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