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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we used a combination of ionomic and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolite profilings of complete shoots (pooling leaves, petioles and stems) to compare the extremophile Lotus creticus, adapted to highly saline coastal regions, and two cultivated glycophytic ... | <Options>: A: lotus glareosus
B: lotus simonae
C: lotus arabicus
D: lotus arenarius
E: lotus corniculatus
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we used a combination of ionomic and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolite profilings of complete shoots (pooling leaves, petioles and stems) to compare the extremophile Lotus creticus, adapted to highly saline coastal regions, and two cultivated glycophytic ... | <Options>: A: eulamprus tenuis (aka concinnia tenuis)
B: cliona tenuis
C: liphistius tenuis
D: lotus tenuis (slender trefoil) (aka lotus tenuis)
E: lotus hamatus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. creticus exhibited better survival after exposure to long-term lethal salinity and was more efficient at excluding Cl- from the shoots than the glycophytes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. creticus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lotus aegaeus
B: leymus triticoides
C: chinannus latus
D: lotus creticus (lotus commutatus) (aka lotus creticus)
E: lasianthus lucidus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. creticus exhibited better survival after exposure to long-term lethal salinity and was more efficient at excluding Cl- from the shoots than the glycophytes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. creticus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: longidorus helveticus
B: lactarius aestivus
C: lathyrus lycius
D: melilotus
E: lactarius hora
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Metabolite profiling showed that responses to NaCl in L. creticus shoots were globally similar to those of the glycophytes, providing little evidence for metabolic pre-adaptation to salinity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. creticus'. Answer using one of the p... | <Options>: A: lotus glareosus
B: lotus commutatus (aka lotus creticus)
C: lactarius hora
D: lactarius aestivus
E: linaria creticola
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Proteotyping to establish the lineage of type A H1N1 and type B human influenza virus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'type a h1n1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/unknown/usa/unknown(h4n6))
B: alphainfluenzavirus (influenzavirus a) (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
C: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
D: influenza a virus (a/china)
E: influenza a virus (h1n1) (unidentified influenza a virus (h1n1)) (aka influenza a virus (h1n1))
F: None of... | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Proteotyping to establish the lineage of type A H1N1 and type B human influenza virus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'type b human influenza virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
B: betainfluenzavirus (influenzavirus b) (aka betainfluenzavirus)
C: influenza c virus (influenza virus type c) (aka influenza c virus)
D: influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
E: alphainfluenzavirus influenzae
F: None of the ... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The ability to establish the lineage of type A H1N1 and type B human influenza virus strains using a new proteotyping approach is demonstrated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'type a h1n1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: alphainfluenzavirus (influenzavirus a) (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
B: unidentified influenza virus (avian influenza virus) (aka unidentified influenza virus)
C: fluav (aka influenza a virus)
D: influenza a virus (a/unknown/usa/unknown(h4n6))
E: influenza a virus (h1n1) (unidentified influenza a virus (h1n1)... | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The ability to establish the lineage of type A H1N1 and type B human influenza virus strains using a new proteotyping approach is demonstrated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'type b human influenza virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza c viruses (aka influenza c virus)
B: flubv (aka influenza b virus)
C: influenzavirus a (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
D: gammainfluenzavirus influenzae
E: alphainfluenzavirus influenzae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lineage-specific signature peptides have been determined for the hemagglutinin antigen of type A H1N1 and type B influenza viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'type a h1n1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
B: h1n1 swine influenza virus
C: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
D: influenza a virus (a/unknown/usa/unknown(h4n6))
E: h1n1 subtype (h1n1 (aka h1n1 subtype))
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lineage-specific signature peptides have been determined for the hemagglutinin antigen of type A H1N1 and type B influenza viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'type b influenza viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: betainfluenzavirus influenzae
B: influenzavirus a (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
C: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
D: swine influenza virus
E: influenzavirus d (aka deltainfluenzavirus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This proteotyping approach complements conventional PCR approaches and should aid in the monitoring of the evolution of the influenza virus in both humans and animals.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'influenza virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenzavirus c (aka gammainfluenzavirus)
B: equine influenza virus
C: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
D: flubv (aka influenza b virus)
E: flucv (aka influenza c virus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This proteotyping approach complements conventional PCR approaches and should aid in the monitoring of the evolution of the influenza virus in both humans and animals.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gymnopleurus humanus
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: macrobiotus sapiens
D: homo neanderthalensis (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Development of an IgM-capture ELISA for Coxsackievirus A16 infection.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'coxsackievirus a16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human coxsackievirus a18 (aka coxsackievirus a18)
B: human coxsackievirus a12 (aka coxsackievirus a12)
C: coxsackievirus a16 (strain cva16-gz)
D: human coxsackievirus a14 (aka coxsackievirus a14)
E: coxsackievirus a11 (human coxsackievirus a11) (aka coxsackievirus a11)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Development of an IgM-capture ELISA for Coxsackievirus A16 infection.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'coxsackievirus a16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: coxsackievirus a14 (human coxsackievirus a14) (aka coxsackievirus a14)
B: coxsackievirus a11 (human coxsackievirus a11) (aka coxsackievirus a11)
C: coxsackievirus a18 (human coxsackievirus a18) (aka coxsackievirus a18)
D: coxsackievirus a16 (strain cva16-gz)
E: coxsackievirus a12 (human coxsackievirus a12... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Diagnosis of Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) infection in China relies mainly on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that require expensive equipment and special trained personnel, thus making its wide application in health care settings unlikely.', select the correct biome... | <Options>: A: coxsackievirus a18 (human coxsackievirus a18) (aka coxsackievirus a18)
B: coxsackie virus a-16 (aka coxsackievirus a16)
C: human coxsackievirus a13 (aka coxsackievirus a13)
D: coxsackievirus a12 (human coxsackievirus a12) (aka coxsackievirus a12)
E: coxsackievirus a14 (human coxsackievirus a14) (aka coxsa... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Diagnosis of Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) infection in China relies mainly on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that require expensive equipment and special trained personnel, thus making its wide application in health care settings unlikely.', select the correct biome... | <Options>: A: uncultured organism ca37
B: caerois
C: crotalaria cornu-ammonis
D: caio
E: lachnospiraceae bacterium ca19
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, a novel IgM anti-CA16 assay was developed for the detection of IgM antibodies to CA16 in serum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ca16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caerois
B: lachnospiraceae bacterium ca19
C: staphylococcus aureus ca11
D: crotalaria cornu-ammonis
E: cea
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, a novel IgM anti-CA16 assay was developed for the detection of IgM antibodies to CA16 in serum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ca16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caecidae
B: caerois
C: colga
D: uncultured organism ca37
E: cva16 (aka coxsackievirus a16)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The responses and diagnostic value of IgM for the CA16 infection were assessed by testing 1970 serum samples.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ca16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genista cinerea subsp. murcica (genista murcica) (aka genista cinerea subsp. murcica)
B: caerois
C: candida albicans ca6
D: colga
E: enterovirus ca6 (aka coxsackievirus a6)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The results showed that sensitivity of IgM test was 84.6% (259/306, 95% CI: 80.1-88.5), and specificity in control subjects and patients with CA16 HFMD was 99.2% (1508/1520, 95% CI: 98.6-99.6) and 90.3% (14/144, 95% CI: 84.2-94.6), respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept cor... | <Options>: A: colon viennense
B: cva16 (aka coxsackievirus a16)
C: uncultured organism ca37
D: cazia
E: candida albicans ca6
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cross-reaction rate in patients infected with other non-CA16 enteroviruses was 9.7% (14/144).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ca16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cva-16 (aka coxsackievirus a16)
B: caio
C: caecidae
D: lachnospiraceae bacterium ca19
E: colga
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that the IgM anti-CA16 assay offers a rapid, convenient, and reliable method to detect acute CA16 infections.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ca16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caecidae
B: candida albicans ca6
C: lachnospiraceae bacterium ca19
D: firmicutes bacterium ca7
E: caerois
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that the IgM anti-CA16 assay offers a rapid, convenient, and reliable method to detect acute CA16 infections.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ca16'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lachnospiraceae bacterium ca19
B: caecidae
C: crotalaria cornu-ammonis
D: cva16 (aka coxsackievirus a16)
E: colon viennense
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Responses of the pea aphid transcriptome to infection by facultative symbionts.
Serratia symbiotica is a facultative symbiont of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) that provides tolerance to heat stress.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pea aphid'. Answer using one... | <Options>: A: aphidius tarsalis
B: pea aphid (aka acyrthosiphon pisum)
C: aphidius rubi (aka aphidius urticae)
D: bird cherry-oat aphid (aka rhopalosiphum padi)
E: pea weevil (aka bruchus pisorum)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Responses of the pea aphid transcriptome to infection by facultative symbionts.
Serratia symbiotica is a facultative symbiont of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) that provides tolerance to heat stress.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pea aphid'. Answer using one... | <Options>: A: aphids (aka aphididae)
B: bird cherry-oat aphid (aka rhopalosiphum padi)
C: cowpea aphid (aka aphis craccivora)
D: aphidius avenae
E: green peach aphid (aka myzus persicae)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Responses of the pea aphid transcriptome to infection by facultative symbionts.
Serratia symbiotica is a facultative symbiont of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) that provides tolerance to heat stress.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'serratia symbiotica'. Answer... | <Options>: A: serratia symbiotica (epitrioza yasumatsui)
B: serratia odorifera
C: serratia rhizosphaerae
D: serratia symbiotica (candidatus serratia symbiotica) (aka serratia symbiotica)
E: serratia ureilytica
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Responses of the pea aphid transcriptome to infection by facultative symbionts.
Serratia symbiotica is a facultative symbiont of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) that provides tolerance to heat stress.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pea aphids'. Answer using on... | <Options>: A: pea aphid (aka acyrthosiphon pisum)
B: predatory gall midge (aka aphidoletes aphidimyza)
C: black bean aphid (aka aphis fabae)
D: potato aphid (aka aphis nasturtii)
E: aphidius tarsalis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Responses of the pea aphid transcriptome to infection by facultative symbionts.
Serratia symbiotica is a facultative symbiont of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) that provides tolerance to heat stress.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'acyrthosiphon pisum'. Answer... | <Options>: A: acyrthosiphon calvulus (aka sitobion calvulum)
B: aphis pisum (aka acyrthosiphon pisum)
C: apion aciculare (aka helianthemapion aciculare)
D: anarrhinum pedatum
E: afroptilum acutum (aka adafroptilum acutum)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous studies show a large impact of S. symbiotica upon the aphid metabolome.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. symbiotica'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spironucleus salmonicida
B: serratia symbiotica (cacopsylla coccinea)
C: serratia symbiotica (epitrioza mizuhonica)
D: serratia symbiotica (candidatus serratia symbiotica) (aka serratia symbiotica)
E: symbiomonas
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Whole-genome transcriptional profiling and next-generation sequencing demonstrated expression of 94% of RefSeq genes from the pea aphid genome, providing the largest dataset to date on aphid gene expression.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pea aphid'. Answer usin... | <Options>: A: red pea (aka lathyrus cicera)
B: pea aphid (aka acyrthosiphon pisum)
C: potato aphid (aka aphis nasturtii)
D: bird cherry-oat aphid (aka rhopalosiphum padi)
E: aphidius tarsalis
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, only 28 genes showed changes in expression with S. symbiotica infection, and these changes were of small magnitude.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. symbiotica'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: serratia symbiotica (candidatus serratia symbiotica) (aka serratia symbiotica)
B: synergus symbioticus
C: sphingomonas capsulata (aka novosphingobium capsulatum)
D: serratia symbiotica (tuberolachnus salignus)
E: serratia symbiotica (epitrioza mizuhonica)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, the large metabolic impact of S. symbiotica is most likely a result of metabolism of the symbiont itself, or of post-transcriptional modification of host gene expression.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. symbiotica'. Answer using one of the provided ... | <Options>: A: sclerotinia sativa
B: serratia symbiotica (cacopsylla coccinea)
C: serratia symbiotica (epitrioza mizuhonica)
D: serratia symbiotica (candidatus serratia symbiotica) (aka serratia symbiotica)
E: serratia symbiotica cwbi2.3
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although S. symbiotica has a major influence on its host's metabolome and resistance to heat, it induces little change in gene expression in its host.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. symbiotica'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: serratia symbiotica (periphyllus acericola)
B: synergus symbioticus
C: serratia symbiotica cwbi2.3
D: symbiopsis
E: serratia symbiotica (candidatus serratia symbiotica) (aka serratia symbiotica)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular cloning and characterization of a thioredoxin peroxidase gene from Apis cerana cerana.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'apis cerana cerana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apis cerana cerana
B: apis cerana indica (apis indica) (aka apis cerana indica)
C: apis mellifera mellifera (german honeybee) (aka apis mellifera mellifera)
D: honey bee (aka apis mellifera)
E: asiatic honeybee (aka apis cerana)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study, we cloned the full cDNA of Tpx1 encoding a 195-amino acid protein from Apis cerana cerana (Acc).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'apis cerana cerana (acc)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apis mellifera mellifera (german honeybee) (aka apis mellifera mellifera)
B: apis indica (aka apis cerana indica)
C: oriental honeybee (aka apis cerana)
D: apis mellifera (bee (aka apis mellifera))
E: common honey bee (aka apis mellifera ligustica)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study, we cloned the full cDNA of Tpx1 encoding a 195-amino acid protein from Apis cerana cerana (Acc).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'apis cerana cerana (acc)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apis cerana cerana
B: apis mellifera mellifera (german honeybee) (aka apis mellifera mellifera)
C: western honey bee (aka apis mellifera)
D: common honeybee (aka apis mellifera ligustica)
E: apis mellifera caucasica (caucasian honeybee) (aka apis mellifera caucasica)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Quantitative PCR analysis showed that AccTpx1 was highly expressed in thorax and that the AccTpx1 transcript reached its highest level in two-week-old adult worker honeybees.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'worker honeybees'. Answer using one of the provided opti... | <Options>: A: little honeybee (aka apis florea)
B: african honeybee (aka apis mellifera scutellata)
C: asiatic honeybee (aka apis cerana)
D: common honeybee (aka apis mellifera ligustica)
E: honey bee (aka apis mellifera)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that AccTpx1 plays an important role in protecting honeybees from oxidative injury and may act in extending the lifespan of them.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'honeybees'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eastern honeybee (aka apis cerana)
B: caucasian honeybee (aka apis mellifera caucasica)
C: german honeybee (aka apis mellifera mellifera)
D: western honey bee (aka apis mellifera)
E: honey bees (aka apinae)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Acclimation to high CO2 in maize is related to water status and dependent on leaf rank.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'maize'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: agrococcus terreus
B: maize (aka zea mays)
C: avenula agropyroides (aka helictochloa agropyroides)
D: corn earworm (aka helicoverpa zea)
E: corn smut (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, the effects of atmospheric CO(2) availability on the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome profiles of two ranks of source leaves in maize (Zea mays L.) were studied in plants grown under ambient CO(2) conditions (350 +/- 20 muL L(-1) CO(2) ) or with CO(2) enrichment (700 ... | <Options>: A: maize (aka zea mays)
B: zea perennis (perennial teosinte) (aka zea perennis)
C: agrococcus citreus
D: zelus grassans
E: zea ramosa (aka zea mays subsp. mays)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, the effects of atmospheric CO(2) availability on the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome profiles of two ranks of source leaves in maize (Zea mays L.) were studied in plants grown under ambient CO(2) conditions (350 +/- 20 muL L(-1) CO(2) ) or with CO(2) enrichment (700 ... | <Options>: A: zelus grassans
B: corn earworm (aka helicoverpa zea)
C: zelus tetracanthus
D: zea mays var. japonica (aka zea mays)
E: zea mexicana (aka zea mays subsp. mexicana)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Seasonal dynamics in the stable carbon isotope composition delta^1^3C from non-leafy branch, trunk and coarse root CO2 efflux of adult deciduous (Fagus sylvatica) and evergreen (Picea abies) trees.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fagus sylvatica'. Answer using... | <Options>: A: fagus brevipetiolata (aka fagus longipetiolata)
B: fridericia sylvatica
C: american beech (aka fagus grandifolia)
D: fagus antarctica (aka nothofagus antarctica)
E: fagus sylvestris (aka fagus sylvatica)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Seasonal dynamics in the stable carbon isotope composition delta^1^3C from non-leafy branch, trunk and coarse root CO2 efflux of adult deciduous (Fagus sylvatica) and evergreen (Picea abies) trees.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'picea abies'. Answer using one... | <Options>: A: picea pungens (colorado spruce) (aka picea pungens)
B: picea excelsa (aka picea abies)
C: picea glauca (white spruce) (aka picea glauca)
D: red spruce (aka picea rubens)
E: picea glehnii (abies glehnii) (aka picea glehnii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied seasonal dynamics in delta^1^3C of CO2 efflux (delta^1^3C(E)) from non-leafy branches, upper and lower trunks and coarse roots of adult trees, comparing deciduous Fagus sylvatica (European beech) with evergreen Picea abies (Norway spruce).', select the correct biomedical concep... | <Options>: A: fagus glauca (aka nothofagus glauca)
B: fagus sylvatica (fagus sylvestris) (aka fagus sylvatica)
C: fagus longipetiolata (fagus brevipetiolata) (aka fagus longipetiolata)
D: fagus fusca (aka nothofagus fusca)
E: fagus hayatae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied seasonal dynamics in delta^1^3C of CO2 efflux (delta^1^3C(E)) from non-leafy branches, upper and lower trunks and coarse roots of adult trees, comparing deciduous Fagus sylvatica (European beech) with evergreen Picea abies (Norway spruce).', select the correct biomedical concep... | <Options>: A: eastern honeybee (aka apis cerana)
B: beech marten (aka martes foina)
C: rauli beech (aka nothofagus alpina)
D: european beech (aka fagus sylvatica)
E: tabanus autumnalis
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied seasonal dynamics in delta^1^3C of CO2 efflux (delta^1^3C(E)) from non-leafy branches, upper and lower trunks and coarse roots of adult trees, comparing deciduous Fagus sylvatica (European beech) with evergreen Picea abies (Norway spruce).', select the correct biomedical concep... | <Options>: A: pinus abies (aka picea abies)
B: picea lowiana (aka abies lowiana)
C: picea glehnii (abies glehnii) (aka picea glehnii)
D: picea abies var. abies
E: abies spinulosa (aka picea spinulosa)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied seasonal dynamics in delta^1^3C of CO2 efflux (delta^1^3C(E)) from non-leafy branches, upper and lower trunks and coarse roots of adult trees, comparing deciduous Fagus sylvatica (European beech) with evergreen Picea abies (Norway spruce).', select the correct biomedical concep... | <Options>: A: picea brachytyla (abies brachytyla) (aka picea brachytyla)
B: picea
C: picea concolor (aka abies concolor)
D: colorado spruce (aka picea pungens)
E: picea rubens (red spruce) (aka picea rubens)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied seasonal dynamics in delta^1^3C of CO2 efflux (delta^1^3C(E)) from non-leafy branches, upper and lower trunks and coarse roots of adult trees, comparing deciduous Fagus sylvatica (European beech) with evergreen Picea abies (Norway spruce).', select the correct biomedical concep... | <Options>: A: norway spruce (aka picea abies)
B: mexican spruce (aka picea mexicana)
C: white spruce (aka picea glauca)
D: norway lobster (aka nephrops norvegicus)
E: norway pout (aka trisopterus esmarkii)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Gene expression changes during short day induced terminal bud formation in Norway spruce.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'norway spruce'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: black spruce (aka picea mariana)
B: siberian spruce (aka picea obovata)
C: sitka spruce (aka picea sitchensis)
D: mexican spruce (aka picea mexicana)
E: norway spruce (aka picea abies)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By combining suppression subtractive hybridization and monitoring of gene expression by qRT-PCR analysis, we aimed to identify genes involved in photoperiodic control of growth cessation and bud set in Norway spruce.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'norway spruce'... | <Options>: A: black spruce (aka picea mariana)
B: norway pout (aka trisopterus esmarkii)
C: european sprat (aka sprattus sprattus)
D: norway spruce (aka picea abies)
E: norway maple (aka acer platanoides)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Role of nitric oxide in hydrogen peroxide-dependent induction of abiotic stress tolerance by brassinosteroids in cucumber.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cucumber'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cucumber (aka cucumis sativus var. sativus)
B: cucumber (aka cucumis sativus)
C: cucumis gracilis
D: cuckoos (aka cuculidae)
E: cucumis indicus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Brassinosteroids (BRs) can induce plant tolerance to a variety of abiotic stresses by triggering the generation of H(2) O(2) as a signalling molecule in cucumber leaves.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cucumber'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: silky cucumber (aka chiridota laevis)
B: cucumis sativus (cucumbers) (aka cucumis sativus)
C: cucumis debilis
D: cucumis melo (oriental melon) (aka cucumis melo)
E: cuculus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genome-wide analysis of brain transcriptional changes in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queens exposed to carbon dioxide and physical manipulation.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'honey bee'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oriental honeybee (aka apis cerana)
B: honeybee (aka apis mellifera)
C: common honeybee (aka apis mellifera ligustica)
D: african honeybee (aka apis mellifera scutellata)
E: honey bees (aka apinae)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genome-wide analysis of brain transcriptional changes in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queens exposed to carbon dioxide and physical manipulation.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'apis mellifera'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apis terrestris (aka bombus terrestris)
B: western honey bee (aka apis mellifera)
C: apis mellifera mellifera (german honeybee) (aka apis mellifera mellifera)
D: giant honeybee (aka apis dorsata)
E: common honeybee (aka apis mellifera ligustica)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study we examine the effects of CO(2) (a commonly used anaesthetic in instrumental insemination that causes changes similar to those occurring after mating) and physical manipulation (which may mimic certain aspects of copulation) on the behavioural, physiological and brain... | <Options>: A: african honeybee (aka apis mellifera scutellata)
B: german honeybee (aka apis mellifera mellifera)
C: honey bees (aka apinae)
D: rock honeybee (aka apis dorsata)
E: bee (aka apis mellifera) (aka apis mellifera)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparisons with previous studies of honey bees and female Drosophila indicate that common molecular mechanisms may be responsible for regulating reproductive changes across different mating regimes and insect orders.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'honey bees'... | <Options>: A: honey bees (aka apinae)
B: common honeybee (aka apis mellifera ligustica)
C: african honeybee (aka apis mellifera scutellata)
D: apis mellifera (bee (aka apis mellifera))
E: indian honeybee (aka apis cerana)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparisons with previous studies of honey bees and female Drosophila indicate that common molecular mechanisms may be responsible for regulating reproductive changes across different mating regimes and insect orders.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'drosophila'... | <Options>: A: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
B: drosophila (dudaica) dissimilis (aka drosophila dissimilis)
C: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
D: melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
E: drosophila (aka drosophila <... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparisons with previous studies of honey bees and female Drosophila indicate that common molecular mechanisms may be responsible for regulating reproductive changes across different mating regimes and insect orders.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'drosophila'... | <Options>: A: drosophila elegans
B: drosophila (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
C: drosophila persimilis
D: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <flies>)
E: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Agrobacterium tumefasciens-mediated transformation of the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used for plant DNA transformation and more recently, has also been used to transform yeast, filamentous fungi and even human cells.', select the correc... | <Options>: A: agrobacterium vaccinii
B: agrobacterium divergens
C: agrobacterium tumefaciens (agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend 1907) conn 1942 (approved lists 1980)) (aka agrobacterium tumefaciens)
D: agrobacterium leguminum
E: agrobacterium pusense (rhizobium pusense) (aka agrobacterium pusense)
F: None o... | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Agrobacterium tumefasciens-mediated transformation of the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used for plant DNA transformation and more recently, has also been used to transform yeast, filamentous fungi and even human cells.', select the correc... | <Options>: A: physconella emersoni
B: blastocladiella emersonii
C: paphiopedilum emersonii
D: sphaeria robertsii (aka ophiocordyceps robertsii)
E: lomatium donnellii
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Agrobacterium tumefasciens-mediated transformation of the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used for plant DNA transformation and more recently, has also been used to transform yeast, filamentous fungi and even human cells.', select the correc... | <Options>: A: pseudomonas tumefaciens (aka agrobacterium tumefaciens)
B: agrobacterium rhizogenes (riker et al. 1930) conn 1942 (approved lists 1980) (aka rhizobium rhizogenes)
C: agrobacterium leguminum
D: agrobacterium pusense (rhizobium pusense) (aka agrobacterium pusense)
E: 'agrobacterium aurantiacum' (aka agrobac... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Agrobacterium tumefasciens-mediated transformation of the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used for plant DNA transformation and more recently, has also been used to transform yeast, filamentous fungi and even human cells.', select the correc... | <Options>: A: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
B: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
C: saccharomyces drosophilarum (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
D: saccharomycodes
E: saccharomyces oviformis (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Agrobacterium tumefasciens-mediated transformation of the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used for plant DNA transformation and more recently, has also been used to transform yeast, filamentous fungi and even human cells.', select the correc... | <Options>: A: cardium humanum (aka glossus humanus)
B: pediculus humanus humanus (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
C: neandertal (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: carcharhinus humani
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Using this technique, we developed the first transformation protocol for the saprobic aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii, a Blastocladiomycete localized at the base of fungal phylogenetic tree, which has been shown as a promising and interesting model of study of cellular function a... | <Options>: A: blastocladia pringsheimii
B: speleonectes emersoni (aka morlockia emersoni)
C: blastocladiella simplex
D: blastocladiella emersonii
E: lomatium donnellii
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We constructed binary T-DNA vectors containing hygromycin phosphotransferase (hph) or enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) genes, under the control of Aspergillus nidulans trpC promoter and terminator sequences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus ni... | <Options>: A: aspergillus avenaceus
B: aphanothece nidulans
C: aspergillus lanosus
D: aspergillus cerealis
E: emericella nidulans (aka aspergillus nidulans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '24 h of co-cultivation in induction medium (IM) agar plates, followed by transfer to PYG-agar plates containing cefotaxim to kill Agrobacterium tumefsciens and hygromycin to select transformants, resulted in growth and sporulation of resistant transformants.', select the correct biomedica... | <Options>: A: agrobacterium leguminum
B: agrobacterium divergens
C: agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend 1907) conn 1942 (approved lists 1980) (aka agrobacterium tumefaciens)
D: agrobacterium agile
E: 'agrobacterium aurantiacum' (aka agrobacterium aurantiacum)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heterotrimeric Galpha protein Pga1 from Penicillium chrysogenum triggers germination in response to carbon sources and affects negatively resistance to different stress conditions.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'penicillium chrysogenum'. Answer using one of t... | <Options>: A: penicillium griseolum
B: penicillium contaminatum
C: penicillium purpureogenum stoll, 1904 (aka talaromyces purpureogenus)
D: penicillium glabrum (citromyces glaber) (aka penicillium glabrum)
E: penicillium chrysogenum thom, 1910 (aka penicillium chrysogenum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heterotrimeric Galpha protein Pga1 of Penicillium chrysogenum controls vegetative growth, conidiation and secondary metabolite production.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'penicillium chrysogenum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penicillium glabrum (citromyces glaber) (aka penicillium glabrum)
B: penicillium notatum (aka penicillium chrysogenum)
C: penicillium commune
D: penicillium acidogenicum
E: penicillium harmonense
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heterotrimeric Galpha protein Pga1 of Penicillium chrysogenum controls vegetative growth, conidiation and secondary metabolite production.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'penicillium chrysogenum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penicillium acidogenicum
B: penicillium commune
C: penicillium granulatum
D: penicillium janthogenum
E: penicillium purpureogenum stoll, 1904 (aka talaromyces purpureogenus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Strains G203R-T (expressing the dominant inactivating pga1(G203R) allele) and Deltapga1 (deleted pga1) showed a delayed and asynchronic germination pattern, and a decrease in the percentage of germination, which occurred in only 70-80% of the total conidia.', select the correct biomedical... | <Options>: A: rhodococcus luteus (aka rhodococcoides fascians)
B: bacterium hr23
C: bacterium g200vi
D: bacterium t300
E: rodentibacter trehalosifermentans
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Strains G203R-T (expressing the dominant inactivating pga1(G203R) allele) and Deltapga1 (deleted pga1) showed a delayed and asynchronic germination pattern, and a decrease in the percentage of germination, which occurred in only 70-80% of the total conidia.', select the correct biomedical... | <Options>: A: vector pkf-deltaapd
B: vector pdg-at
C: archegleis delta (egleis delta) (aka archegleis delta)
D: deltaria
E: expression vector pga1
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, strains with the pga1(G42R) allele were able to bypass the carbon source (glucose or sucrose) requirement for germination in about 64% of conidia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'strains with the pga1(g42r) allele'. Answer using one of the provided o... | <Options>: A: expression vector pga3
B: paenibacillus glufosinatiresistens
C: gallaecimonas pentaromativorans
D: gluconobacter vitians
E: grampus griseus alphaherpesvirus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regulation of germination by Pga1 is probably mediated by cAMP, as intracellular levels of this secondary messenger undergo a peak before the onset of germination only in strains with an active Pga1.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'strains with an active pga1'. A... | <Options>: A: paenibacillus ginsengisoli (aka paenibacillus anaericanus)
B: paenibacillus glufosinatiresistens
C: paenibacillus granivorans
D: paenibacillus validas (aka paenibacillus validus)
E: paenibacillus frigoriresistens
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Characterizing the role of RNA silencing components in Cryptococcus neoformans.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cryptococcus neoformans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
B: filobasidiella neoformans kwon-chung, 1976 (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
C: cryptococcus neoformans serotype d (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
D: cryptococcus gattii (vanbreus. & takashio) kwon-chung & boekhout 2002 (aka cryptococcus gattii)
E: cryp... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To elucidate the physiological functions of the RNAi pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans that causes fungal meningitis, here we performed genetic analyses for genes encoding Argonaute (AGO1 and AGO2), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDP1), and Dicers (DCR1 and DCR2) in both serotype A and D ... | <Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans bt2
B: torulopsis neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
C: filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
D: cryptococcus neoformans c23
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt1
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To elucidate the physiological functions of the RNAi pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans that causes fungal meningitis, here we performed genetic analyses for genes encoding Argonaute (AGO1 and AGO2), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDP1), and Dicers (DCR1 and DCR2) in both serotype A and D ... | <Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (aka cryptococcus gattii)
B: cryptococcus neoformans bt2
C: filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
D: torulopsis neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt19
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The present study shows that Ago1, Rdp1, and Dcr2 are the major components of the RNAi process occurring in C. neoformans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. neoformans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
B: cryptococcus neoformans c23
C: cryptococcus neoformans bt68
D: cryptococcus neoformans bt7
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt2
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Notably, the serotype D rdp1Delta mutants showed an increase in transcript abundance of active retrotransposons and transposons, such as T2 and T3, the latter of which is a novel serotype D-specific transposon of C. neoformans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. ... | <Options>: A: filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
B: cryptococcus neoformans bt1
C: lipomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
D: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt2
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In conclusion, the RNAi pathway plays an important role in controlling transposon activity and genome integrity of C. neoformans.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. neoformans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (aka cryptococcus gattii)
B: filobasidiella neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
C: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
D: cryptococcus neoformans bt68
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt7
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In conclusion, the RNAi pathway plays an important role in controlling transposon activity and genome integrity of C. neoformans.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. neoformans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans c23
B: cryptococcus neoformans bt2
C: cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (aka cryptococcus gattii)
D: cryptococcus neoformans serotype d (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt7
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Characterization of the oxysterol-binding protein gene family in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yellow fever mosquito'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: yellow fever virus yfv (aka yellow fever virus)
B: yellow fever mosquito (aka aedes aegypti)
C: culicoides flumineus
D: aedes flavivirus
E: culex japonicus (aka aedes japonicus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Characterization of the oxysterol-binding protein gene family in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aedes aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aedes malayi (aka culex malayi)
B: aedes rossicus
C: aedes aegypti queenslandensis (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
D: culex alboannulatus (aka aedes alboannulatus)
E: yellow fever mosquito (aka aedes aegypti)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Four ORP genes were cloned from Aedes aegypti.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aedes aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: culex aegypti (aka aedes aegypti)
B: aedes malayi (aka culex malayi)
C: aedes ochraceus (culex ochraceus) (aka aedes ochraceus)
D: aedes flavivirus
E: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Based on amino acid sequence homology to human proteins, they are AeOSBP, AeORP1, AeORP8 and AeORP9.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cardium humanum (aka glossus humanus)
B: neanderthal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
C: macrobiotus sapiens
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: carcharhinus humani
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, over-expression of AeORPs facilitated [(3)H]-cholesterol uptake in Ae. aegypti cultured Aag -2 cells.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ae. aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: culex vittatus (aka aedes vittatus)
B: culex atropalpus (aka aedes atropalpus)
C: culex ochraceus (aka aedes ochraceus)
D: aedes aegypti aegypti (aedes aegypti queenslandensis) (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
E: aedes aegypti (aedes (stegomyia) aegypti) (aka aedes aegypti)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Activation and localization of protein kinase C in Neurospora crassa.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
B: neurospora cratophora (gelasinospora cratophora) (aka neurospora cratophora)
C: pseudozyma crassa (aka triodiomyces crassus)
D: neurospora terricola
E: neurospora
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Neurosporacrassa protein kinase C (NPKC) is reported to be a regulator of light responsive genes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurosporacrassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neurospora nigeriensis
B: neurospora intermedia
C: neurospora crassa 1211
D: neurospora crassa (chrysonilia crassa) (aka neurospora crassa)
E: neurospora pannonica fgsc 7221
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Identification and expression analysis of the genes involved in serotonin biosynthesis and transduction in the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gryllus bimaculatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gryllus bivittatus (aka melanoplus bivittatus)
B: diglyphus bimaculatus
C: aglymbus bimaculatus
D: gryllus multipulsator
E: gryllus bimaculatus (two-spotted cricket) (aka gryllus bimaculatus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To elucidate the molecular basis of the cricket 5-HT system, we identified 5-HT-related genes in the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gryllus bimaculatus degeer'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gryllus pennsylvanicus
B: gryllus campestris
C: gryllus veletis
D: two-spotted cricket (aka gryllus bimaculatus)
E: gryllus assimilis (acheta assimilis) (aka gryllus assimilis)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This has already led to the activation of silent gene clusters and the identification of novel compounds in Aspergillus nidulans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus neoellipticus (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
B: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
C: aspergillus aureus
D: aspergillus lanosus
E: aspergillus agricola
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This has already led to the activation of silent gene clusters and the identification of novel compounds in Aspergillus nidulans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus domesticus
B: neosartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
C: aspergillus avenaceus
D: aspergillus agricola
E: aspergillus lanosus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Certain Fusarium species cause head blight of wheat and other small grains worldwide and produce trichothecene mycotoxins.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wheat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: triticum triunciale (aka aegilops triuncialis)
B: triticum peregrinum (aka aegilops peregrina)
C: triticum sativum (aka triticum aestivum)
D: triticum
E: polish wheat (aka triticum polonicum)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These mycotoxins can induce toxicoses in animals and humans and can contribute to the ability of some fusaria to cause plant disease.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: pediculus humanus humanus (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
C: gymnopleurus humanus
D: hominidae (great apes) (aka hominidae)
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional analyses of the TRI8 enzyme (Tri8) in F. graminearum, the predominant cause of wheat head blight in North America and Europe, revealed that Tri8 from 3-ADON strains catalyzes deacetylation of the trichothecene biosynthetic intermediate 3,15-diacetyldeoxynivalenol at carbon 15 t... | <Options>: A: fusarium praegraminearum
B: fusarium thapsina (aka fusarium thapsinum)
C: fusarium pseudograminearum
D: fusarium magnum
E: sphaeria zeae (aka fusarium graminearum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The recombinase IntA is required for excision of esp-containing ICEEfm1 in Enterococcus faecium.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'enterococcus faecium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: enterococcus faecium e155
B: enterococcus faecium (streptococcus faecium) (aka enterococcus faecium)
C: enterococcus faecium vre1044
D: enterococcus porcinus (aka enterococcus villorum)
E: enterococcus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative genome analysis of Enterococcus faecium recently revealed that a genomic island containing the esp gene, referred to as the esp-containing pathogenicity island (esp PAI), can be transferred by conjugation and contains a partial Tn916-like element and an integrase gene, intA. H... | <Options>: A: clostridium faecium
B: enterococcus proteiformis (aka enterococcus faecalis)
C: enterococcus gallinarum (streptococcus gallinarum) (aka enterococcus gallinarum)
D: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0087
E: streptococcus faecium (aka enterococcus faecium)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An intA insertion-deletion mutant in E. faecium E1162 (E1162DeltaintA) was constructed and in trans complemented with wild-type intA (E1162DeltaintA::pEF30).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. faecium e1162'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: enterococcus faecium engen0376
B: streptococcus faecium (aka enterococcus faecium)
C: enterococcus faecium e417
D: enterococcus faecium erv1
E: enterococcus faecium engen0377
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An intA insertion-deletion mutant in E. faecium E1162 (E1162DeltaintA) was constructed and in trans complemented with wild-type intA (E1162DeltaintA::pEF30).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e1162'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: veromessor julianus (aphaenogaster juliana) (aka veromessor julianus)
B: eudactylocladius aestivus (aka bryophaenocladius aestivus)
C: lacerta erhardii amorgensis (aka podarcis erhardii amorgensis)
D: burkholderiales bacterium e111
E: aeschremon disparalis (tegostoma disparalis) (aka aeschremon disparalis... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An intA insertion-deletion mutant in E. faecium E1162 (E1162DeltaintA) was constructed and in trans complemented with wild-type intA (E1162DeltaintA::pEF30).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e1162'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli e1114
B: hantavirus h162
C: burkholderiales bacterium e111
D: lacerta erhardii amorgensis (aka podarcis erhardii amorgensis)
E: veromessor julianus (aphaenogaster juliana) (aka veromessor julianus)
F: None of the above. | F |
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