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<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was produced about a century ago through hybridization between two autopolyploid species, namely S. officinarum and S. spontaneum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. officinarum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: solanum absconditum
B: solanum melissarum
C: solanum canense
D: sugarcane (aka saccharum officinarum)
E: schinia persimilis (heliothis persimilis) (aka schinia persimilis)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was produced about a century ago through hybridization between two autopolyploid species, namely S. officinarum and S. spontaneum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. spontaneum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: solanum succosum
B: wild sugarcane (aka saccharum spontaneum)
C: sphingobium vulgare
D: solanum castaneum
E: solanum fusiforme
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The two recently established genera Apostrombidium Xu et al., 2009 and Varistrombidium Xu et al., 2009 and the analysis of ontogenetic data in Strombidium constrictum, S. montagnesi, S. wilberti, Omegastrombidium elegans, and Paratontonia gracillima necessitated a revision of the hypothes... | <Options>: A: leptolobium elegans
B: dichotomocladium elegans
C: omegastrombidium elegans
D: bloxamia elegans
E: aspergillus elegans
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Nitric oxide participates in cold-responsive phosphosphingolipid formation and gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'arabidopsis thaliana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: arabidopsis (cardaminopsis) (aka arabidopsis)
B: arabidopsis thaliana x arabidopsis lyrata
C: agrotis aurulenta (aka euxoa aurulenta)
D: arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (aka arabidopsis thaliana)
E: arabidopsis arenicola (arabis arenicola) (aka arabidopsis arenicola)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The participation of NO in the early transduction of the cold signal in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'arabidopsis thaliana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: arabidopsis (cardaminopsis) (aka arabidopsis)
B: plantago triantha
C: plantago australis
D: arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (aka arabidopsis thaliana)
E: agrotis aurulenta (aka euxoa aurulenta)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, NO accumulation was not observed in H7 plants overexpressing the A. thaliana nonsymbiotic hemoglobin Arabidopsis haemoglobin 1 (AHb1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. thaliana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: arabis lyrata (aka arabidopsis lyrata)
B: flowering tobacco (aka nicotiana alata)
C: amaranthus australis
D: amaranthus persimilis
E: arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (aka arabidopsis thaliana)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Identification of a novel mitochondrial protein, short postembryonic roots 1 (SPR1), involved in root development and iron homeostasis in Oryza sativa.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oryza sativa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza perennis
B: oryza latifolia
C: oryzopsis (ricegrass) (aka oryzopsis)
D: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
E: oryza sativa (asian cultivated rice) (aka oryza sativa)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A rice mutant, Oryza sativa short postembryonic roots 1 (Osspr1), has been characterized.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza sativa (asian cultivated rice) (aka oryza sativa)
B: australian wild rice (aka oryza meridionalis)
C: oryza perennis
D: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
E: oryzopsis (ricegrass) (aka oryzopsis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A rice mutant, Oryza sativa short postembryonic roots 1 (Osspr1), has been characterized.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza officinalis
B: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
C: ricegrass (aka oryzopsis)
D: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
E: oryzihumus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A rice mutant, Oryza sativa short postembryonic roots 1 (Osspr1), has been characterized.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oryza sativa short postembryonic roots 1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza officinalis
B: oryzomonas japonica (oryzomonas japonicum) (aka oryzomonas japonica)
C: asian cultivated rice (aka oryza sativa)
D: oryzomonas
E: oryza sativa subsp. indica (aka oryza sativa indica group)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A rice mutant, Oryza sativa short postembryonic roots 1 (Osspr1), has been characterized.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'osspr1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sclerotinia sclerotiorum ophiovirus like virus 1
B: opuntia viroid 1
C: orbilia oligospora totivirus 1
D: otostephanos
E: opas
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '* OsSPR1 was identified by map-based cloning.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'osspr1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: orses
B: orbilia oligospora narnavirus 1
C: sossor
D: opas
E: soter
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complementation of the mutant confirmed that OsSPR1 is involved in post-embryonic root elongation and iron homeostasis in rice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'osspr1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: opas
B: ophiostoma partitivirus 1
C: osca
D: ora
E: orses
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'OsSPR1 was found to be ubiquitously expressed in various tissues throughout the plant.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'osspr1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: transfection vector ostir
B: ophiostoma partitivirus 1
C: sclerotinia sclerotiorum ophiovirus like virus 1
D: rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae partitivirus 1
E: olivier's shrew virus 1
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genomic profiling of carbohydrate metabolism in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Tuber melanosporum.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penicillium melanosporum
B: tuber melosporum (picoa melospora) (aka tuber melosporum)
C: monotagma tuberosum
D: tuber xanthomonosporum
E: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we used information retrieved from the recently sequenced Tuber melanosporum genome, together with transcriptome analysis data and targeted validation experiments, to construct the first genome-wide catalogue of the proteins supporting carbohydrate metabolism in a plant-sym... | <Options>: A: french truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
B: secotium melanosporum (aka agaricus melanosporus)
C: tuber polymorphosporum
D: tuber macrosporum
E: tuber sphaerosporum
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transcriptional regulation of these pathways in different stages of the T. melanosporum lifecycle was investigated using whole-genome oligoarray expression data together with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of selected genes.', select the correct biomedi... | <Options>: A: secotium melanosporum (aka agaricus melanosporus)
B: tuber polymorphosporum
C: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
D: penicillium melanosporum
E: helicosporium luteosporum
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data indicate a high degree of lifecycle stage specialization for particular branches of carbohydrate metabolism in T. melanosporum.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trichocladium deosporum (aka torula deospora)
B: penicillium melanosporum
C: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
D: helicosporium luteosporum
E: tuber melosporum (picoa melospora) (aka tuber melosporum)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hyphal and cytoskeleton polarization in Tuber melanosporum: a genomic and cellular analysis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: stibaroma melanotoxa
B: tuber melanorufum
C: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
D: tuber macrosporum
E: tuber polymorphosporum
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hyphal and cytoskeleton polarization in Tuber melanosporum: a genomic and cellular analysis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tuber melanoexcavatum
B: tuber calosporum
C: picoa melospora (aka tuber melosporum)
D: glomus melanosporum
E: stibaroma melanotoxa
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have explored the Tuber melanosporum genome sequence by searching for homologs of genes known to play crucial roles in the morphogenesis and cell polarity of yeasts and filamentous fungi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum'. Answer using one of... | <Options>: A: tuber polymorphosporum
B: glomus melanosporum
C: triepeolus melanarius
D: perigord truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
E: monotagma tuberosum
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have explored the Tuber melanosporum genome sequence by searching for homologs of genes known to play crucial roles in the morphogenesis and cell polarity of yeasts and filamentous fungi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeasts'. Answer using one of the provide... | <Options>: A: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
B: zygotorulaspora
C: cryptomyces
D: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
E: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A detailed gene annotation has shown that most components of the cell polarity machinery, morphogenesis and cytoskeleton found in yeasts and filamentous fungi are conserved, although the degree of similarity varies from strong to weak.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding... | <Options>: A: kluyveromyces
B: saccharomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
C: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
D: saccharomyces italicus (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: cryptomyces
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The osmosensing signal transduction pathway from Botrytis cinerea regulates cell wall integrity and MAP kinase pathways control melanin biosynthesis with influence of light.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'botrytis cinerea'. Answer using one of the provided op... | <Options>: A: botrytis porri (botryotinia porri) (aka botrytis porri)
B: botrytis cinerea (botryotinia fuckeliana) (aka botrytis cinerea)
C: botrytis pseudocinerea
D: mycteria cinerea (tantalus cinereus) (aka mycteria cinerea)
E: roylea cinerea (ballota cinerea) (aka roylea cinerea)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here we show that the osmotic signal transduction cascade is involved in cell wall integrity in the phytopathogenic ascomycete Botrytis cinerea.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'botrytis cinerea'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: botrytis porri (botryotinia porri) (aka botrytis porri)
B: roylea cinerea (ballota cinerea) (aka roylea cinerea)
C: botrytis californica
D: alsodeia cinerea (aka rinorea cinerea)
E: botryotinia fuckeliana (aka botrytis cinerea)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Testate amoebae have proved an interesting group of indicator organisms in palaeoenvironmental studies and have also been used as bioindicators of human impact on ecosystems.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sphaeria humana (aka sordaria humana)
B: pediculus humanus humanus (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
C: human louse (aka pediculus humanus)
D: hominidae (great apes) (aka hominidae)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '1. Fundamental and realized spatial niches were investigated through a combination of laboratory and mesocosm experiments, field observations and null model analysis in three intertidal gobiid species (Bathygobius fuscus, Chaenogobius annularis and C. gulosus).', select the correct biomed... | <Options>: A: breviceps fuscus (brown short-headed frog) (aka breviceps fuscus)
B: apostenus fuscus
C: gymnopus fuscus
D: isometrus fuscus (aka zabius fuscus)
E: bathygobius fuscus (dusky frillgoby) (aka bathygobius fuscus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '1. Fundamental and realized spatial niches were investigated through a combination of laboratory and mesocosm experiments, field observations and null model analysis in three intertidal gobiid species (Bathygobius fuscus, Chaenogobius annularis and C. gulosus).', select the correct biomed... | <Options>: A: chaenogobius annularis (forktongue goby) (aka chaenogobius annularis)
B: callophis annularis (aka sinomicrurus annularis)
C: hoplocercus annularis (aka enyalioides annularis)
D: bledius annularis
E: gonodactylellus annularis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context '1. Fundamental and realized spatial niches were investigated through a combination of laboratory and mesocosm experiments, field observations and null model analysis in three intertidal gobiid species (Bathygobius fuscus, Chaenogobius annularis and C. gulosus).', select the correct biomed... | <Options>: A: gladicosa gulosa
B: symplocos guadeloupensis
C: galeocharax gulo (cynopotamus gulo) (aka galeocharax gulo)
D: sauroconcha gulosa (meridolum gulosa (gould, 1846)) (aka sauroconcha gulosa)
E: saccostoma gulosus (aka chaenogobius gulosus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two Chaenogobius species, but not B. fuscus, decreased tidepool occupancy in the hetero-specific treatments compared with the mono-specific ones.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. fuscus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dendropemon fuscus
B: anthrenus fuscus
C: bennarella fusca
D: bombus asiaticus
E: pseudochromis fuscus (brown dottyback) (aka pseudochromis fuscus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two Chaenogobius species, but not B. fuscus, decreased tidepool occupancy in the hetero-specific treatments compared with the mono-specific ones.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. fuscus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bombus asiaticus
B: coxobolellus fuscus
C: pseudochromis fuscus (brown dottyback) (aka pseudochromis fuscus)
D: anthrenus fuscus
E: bombina fusca (aka pelobates fuscus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Morphology and ultrastructure of multiple life cycle stages of the photosynthetic relative of apicomplexa, Chromera velia.
Chromera velia is a photosynthetic alga with a secondary plastid that represents the closest known photosynthetic relative of the apicomplexan parasites.', select t... | <Options>: A: theileria velifera
B: velia caprai
C: astatotilapia velifer (aka haplochromis velifer)
D: spaelotis velicava
E: chromera velia (alveolata sp. rbm-2007) (aka chromera velia)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Morphology and ultrastructure of multiple life cycle stages of the photosynthetic relative of apicomplexa, Chromera velia.
Chromera velia is a photosynthetic alga with a secondary plastid that represents the closest known photosynthetic relative of the apicomplexan parasites.', select t... | <Options>: A: poecilia velifera (mollienesia velifera) (aka poecilia velifera)
B: chromera velia ccmp2878
C: velia concii
D: chromera velia (alveolata sp. rbm-2007) (aka chromera velia)
E: galera velata (aka conocybe velata)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The original description of this organism was based on brownish, immotile coccoid cells, which is the predominating stage of C. velia in the culture.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. velia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: poecilia velifera (mollienesia velifera) (aka poecilia velifera)
B: velia
C: conocybe velata (galera velata) (aka conocybe velata)
D: velia caprai
E: cataglyphis velox
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here we provide a detailed light and electron microscopy description of coccoid cells of C. velia and a previously undocumented bi-flagellated stage that is highly motile and moves in a characteristic zig-zag pattern.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. velia'. An... | <Options>: A: capnia melia
B: velia caprai bertrandi
C: cineraria albicans
D: coltricia velutina
E: coloradia velda
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The C. velia cells contain a pseudoconoid, which is likely homologous to the corresponding structure in the apical complex of Apicomplexa, cortical alveoli subtended by subpellicular microtubules, mitochondrion with tubular cristae, a micropyle, and a distinctive chromerosome, an apparent... | <Options>: A: theileria velifera
B: velia concii
C: velia caprai
D: galera velata (aka conocybe velata)
E: velia
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Expression of the C-terminal ORF2 protein of duck astrovirus for application in a serological test.
Duck astrovirus (DAstV) is an important pathogen causing duck viral hepatitis (DVH), a highly contagious and fatal disease in young ducklings.', select the correct biomedical concept corr... | <Options>: A: duck astrovirus
B: duck rhabdovirus
C: chicken astrovirus
D: duck ssdna virus
E: duck astrovirus gii.a
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Expression of the C-terminal ORF2 protein of duck astrovirus for application in a serological test.
Duck astrovirus (DAstV) is an important pathogen causing duck viral hepatitis (DVH), a highly contagious and fatal disease in young ducklings.', select the correct biomedical concept corr... | <Options>: A: avian astrovirus
B: chicken astrovirus
C: duck circovirus
D: turkey astrovirus
E: duck astrovirus gii.a
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Expression of the C-terminal ORF2 protein of duck astrovirus for application in a serological test.
Duck astrovirus (DAstV) is an important pathogen causing duck viral hepatitis (DVH), a highly contagious and fatal disease in young ducklings.', select the correct biomedical concept corr... | <Options>: A: tasmanian devil-associated sapelovirus
B: rose spring dwarf-associated virus
C: drosophila-associated tymovirus
D: tasvd (aka tomato apical stunt viroid)
E: drosophila a virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To provide an antigen for a diagnostic serum test, the C-terminus of DAstV ORF2 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli c
B: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
C: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
D: vibrio coli (aka campylobacter coli)
E: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: duck hepatitis virus, dhbv (aka duck hepatitis b virus)
B: hav (aka hepatovirus a) (aka hepatovirus a)
C: duck influenza virus
D: avian hepatitis e virus
E: avihepatovirus a (duck hepatitis virus type 1) (aka avihepatovirus a)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: duck hepatitis virus, dhbv (aka duck hepatitis b virus)
B: duck hepatitis virus type 2 (aka duck hepatitis virus 2)
C: duck hepatitis a virus 2 (dhav-2) (aka duck hepatitis a virus 2)
D: avian hepatitis e virus
E: duck influenza virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (aka rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus)
B: duck enteritis virus (aka anatid alphaherpesvirus 1)
C: duck hepatitis a virus (aka avihepatovirus a)
D: denalis virus
E: passer domesticus herpesvirus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: avian orthoreovirus (avian reovirus) (aka avian orthoreovirus)
B: duck rhabdovirus
C: piscine reovirus (aka piscine orthoreovirus)
D: reoviruses (aka orthoreovirus)
E: drosophila reovirus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: newcastle disease virus class 1
B: newcastle disease virus (strain texas g.b./48)
C: exotic newcastle disease virus (newcastle disease virus end strain) (aka exotic newcastle disease virus)
D: duck influenza virus
E: newcastle disease virus (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: riemerella anatipestifer ra-ch-2
B: riemerella anatipestifer ch3
C: riemerella anatipestifer (pfeifferella anatipestifer) (aka riemerella anatipestifer)
D: riemerella anatipestifer yb2
E: riemerella columbina (riemerella anatipestifer-like) (aka riemerella columbina)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: antarctica isolate 26 (aka bacterium antarctica-26)
B: bacterium 51
C: bacterium 5/6-22
D: bacterium 26gr
E: bacterium 2/8/29
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: tasmanian devil retrovirus
B: swine vesicular disease virus
C: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds1
D: tasvd (aka tomato apical stunt viroid)
E: drosophila a virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No cross-reactions were found against other duck pathogens, including duck hepatitis A virus, duck plague herpesvirus, duck reovirus, Newcastle disease virus, and Riemerella anatipestifer 12/19 (63.2%) and 26/51 (51%) sera samples from two flocks of ducks that survived DAstV infections in... | <Options>: A: saddaguia virus
B: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds3
C: swine vesicular disease virus
D: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds4
E: tasmanian devil-associated astrovirus 1
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Interestingly, DAstV-specific antibodies were also detected in 12 (28.6%) of 42 sera samples from a different flock without DVH, indicating a wide distribution of subclinical infections caused by DAstV.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'dastv'. Answer using one o... | <Options>: A: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds2
B: rose spring dwarf-associated virus
C: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds4
D: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds1
E: drosophila a virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Interestingly, DAstV-specific antibodies were also detected in 12 (28.6%) of 42 sera samples from a different flock without DVH, indicating a wide distribution of subclinical infections caused by DAstV.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'dastv'. Answer using one o... | <Options>: A: saddaguia virus
B: tdav (aka theiler's disease-associated virus) (aka theiler's disease-associated virus)
C: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds2
D: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds3
E: bat adeno-associated virus btaav-ds1
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We examined whether flock size risk thresholds for attack rate, success rate or dilution differed, and therefore whether the strength of selection for group size differed for these three factors, using a system of redshank Tringa totanus flocks being hunted by Eurasian sparrowhawks Acc... | <Options>: A: golden redfish (aka sebastes norvegicus)
B: norway redfish (aka sebastes viviparus)
C: redfish (aka sebastes marinus)
D: spotted redshank (aka tringa erythropus)
E: red river hog (aka potamochoerus porcus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We examined whether flock size risk thresholds for attack rate, success rate or dilution differed, and therefore whether the strength of selection for group size differed for these three factors, using a system of redshank Tringa totanus flocks being hunted by Eurasian sparrowhawks Acc... | <Options>: A: norway redfish (aka sebastes viviparus)
B: red wolf (aka canis rufus)
C: redfish (aka sciaenops ocellatus)
D: red sea parrotfish (aka scarus collana)
E: red hake (aka urophycis chuss)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We examined whether flock size risk thresholds for attack rate, success rate or dilution differed, and therefore whether the strength of selection for group size differed for these three factors, using a system of redshank Tringa totanus flocks being hunted by Eurasian sparrowhawks Acc... | <Options>: A: scolopax totanus totanus (aka tringa totanus totanus)
B: tringa stagnatilis (totanus stagnatilis) (aka tringa stagnatilis)
C: tabanus callosus
D: reticunassa tringa (nassa tringa) (aka reticunassa tringa)
E: tringa totanus (scolopax totanus) (aka tringa totanus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We examined whether flock size risk thresholds for attack rate, success rate or dilution differed, and therefore whether the strength of selection for group size differed for these three factors, using a system of redshank Tringa totanus flocks being hunted by Eurasian sparrowhawks Acc... | <Options>: A: sparrows (aka passeridae)
B: lesser nighthawk (aka chordeiles acutipennis)
C: arremon franciscanus (sao francisco sparrow) (aka arremon franciscanus)
D: accipiter gentillis (aka accipiter gentilis)
E: eurasian sparrowhawk (aka accipiter nisus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We examined whether flock size risk thresholds for attack rate, success rate or dilution differed, and therefore whether the strength of selection for group size differed for these three factors, using a system of redshank Tringa totanus flocks being hunted by Eurasian sparrowhawks Acc... | <Options>: A: eurasian sparrowhawk (aka accipiter nisus)
B: accipiter erythropus (nisus erythropus) (aka accipiter erythropus)
C: accipiter albogularis
D: accipiter nisus nisus (falco nisus nisus) (aka accipiter nisus nisus)
E: accipiter nisus punicus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Mean redshank flock size increased with a very gradual quadratic function (i.e. approximately linearly) with population size, although at a rate half that possible; when population size was not limiting, individuals almost always avoided flocks of less than 30 and birds were frequently... | <Options>: A: redfin (aka perca fluviatilis)
B: red hake (aka urophycis chuss)
C: rhodnius domesticus
D: panthous ruber
E: red sea parrotfish (aka scarus collana)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sparrowhawk attack rate showed a quadratic relationship with flock size and peaked at 55 redshanks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sparrowhawk'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: accipiter soloensis (chinese goshawk) (aka accipiter soloensis)
B: accipiter nisus (eurasian sparrowhawk) (aka accipiter nisus)
C: arremon franciscanus (sao francisco sparrow) (aka arremon franciscanus)
D: sharp-shinned hawk (aka accipiter striatus)
E: accipiter gularis (japanese sparrowhawk) (aka accipit... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sparrowhawk attack rate showed a quadratic relationship with flock size and peaked at 55 redshanks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'redshanks'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: red river hog (aka potamochoerus porcus)
B: redfin (aka perca fluviatilis)
C: red whalefish (aka barbourisia rufa)
D: redeye (aka scardinius erythrophthalmus)
E: spotted redshank (aka tringa erythropus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sparrowhawk attack success rate, however, declined exponentially, becoming less steep at flock sizes of about 40 and remaining uniformly low (a 95% decrease) by 70.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sparrowhawk'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: accipiter striatus striatus
B: eurasian sparrowhawk (aka accipiter nisus)
C: arremon franciscanus (sao francisco sparrow) (aka arremon franciscanus)
D: sharp-shinned hawk (aka accipiter striatus)
E: goshawk (aka accipiter gentilis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. Redshanks most commonly formed group sizes that gained the maximum individual predation risk reduction.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'redshanks'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: reduvius
B: redfin (aka perca fluviatilis)
C: rubus tardus
D: red river hog (aka potamochoerus porcus)
E: redfish (aka sebastes marinus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We studied the impact of two ant species common in Central Europe, Myrmica rubra and Lasius niger, on an arthropod community.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'myrmica rubra'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malonomonas rubra
B: corymbia rubra
C: formica rubra (aka myrmica rubra)
D: amanita rubra (aka russula rubra)
E: rhexia rubra
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We studied the impact of two ant species common in Central Europe, Myrmica rubra and Lasius niger, on an arthropod community.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lasius niger'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neoneuromus niger
B: limnoxenus niger
C: lathyrus niger
D: lasius niger (lasius (lasius) niger) (aka lasius niger)
E: aparallactus niger
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We studied the impact of two ant species common in Central Europe, Myrmica rubra and Lasius niger, on an arthropod community.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lasius niger'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lathyrus niger
B: limnoxenus niger
C: saprinus niger
D: hydroporus niger
E: dryinus niger
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Generally, effects of the two ant species were similar with the exception of their effect on Braconidae parasitoid densities that responded positively to one colony of M. rubra but not of L. niger.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. rubra'. Answer using one of th... | <Options>: A: myrmica rubra (formica rubra) (aka myrmica rubra)
B: microtetraspora rubra (aka nonomuraea rubra)
C: manulea rubra (nemia rubra) (aka manulea rubra)
D: mathildella rubra
E: mokoshia rubra (aka massilia rubra)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Generally, effects of the two ant species were similar with the exception of their effect on Braconidae parasitoid densities that responded positively to one colony of M. rubra but not of L. niger.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. niger'. Answer using one of th... | <Options>: A: lampanyctus niger (nannobrachium nigrum) (aka lampanyctus niger)
B: lathyrus niger
C: lasius niger (lasius (lasius) niger) (aka lasius niger)
D: botrylloides niger
E: allaeotes niger
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This effect was independent of ant colony density, but where two colonies were present, spider richness was significantly greater in plots with two M. rubra colonies than in plots with one colony of each ant species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. rubra'. Ans... | <Options>: A: myrmica rubra (formica rubra) (aka myrmica rubra)
B: macrocarpaea rubra
C: meiogyne rubra
D: montia rubra (aka claytonia rubra)
E: mathildella rubra
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'are extremely rarely parasitized by common cuckoos Cuculus canorus despite breeding commonly in sympatry and building the most conspicuous nests among forest-breeding passerines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'common cuckoos'. Answer using one of the provided op... | <Options>: A: cuckoos (aka cuculidae)
B: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
C: indian cuckoo (aka cuculus micropterus)
D: madagascar cuckoo (aka cuculus rochii)
E: oriental cuckoo (aka cuculus saturatus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'are extremely rarely parasitized by common cuckoos Cuculus canorus despite breeding commonly in sympatry and building the most conspicuous nests among forest-breeding passerines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuculus canorus'. Answer using one of the provided o... | <Options>: A: cuculus canorus (common cuckoo) (aka cuculus canorus)
B: african cuckoo (aka cuculus gularis)
C: indian cuckoo (aka cuculus micropterus)
D: cucumis trigonus
E: cuculus saturatus (oriental cuckoo) (aka cuculus saturatus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'No single examined factor explained cuckoo avoidance of thrushes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
B: cucumis carolinus
C: cucurbita pepo
D: cucumis debilis
E: cucumella cinerea (aka cucumis cinereus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Life-history traits of all six European thrush species and the 10 most frequently used cuckoo hosts in Europe were similar except body/egg size, nest design and nestling diet.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cucumella cinerea (aka cucumis cinereus)
B: cucumis carolinus
C: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
D: african cuckoo (aka cuculus gularis)
E: madagascar cuckoo (aka cuculus rochii)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. Experiments (n = 1211) in several populations across Europe showed that host defences at egg-laying and incubation stages did not account for the lack of cuckoo parasitism in thrushes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided o... | <Options>: A: cuculus canorus (common cuckoo) (aka cuculus canorus)
B: indian cuckoo (aka cuculus micropterus)
C: cucumis trigonus
D: cucumber (aka cucumis sativus)
E: cucumis carolinus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, cross-fostering experiments disclosed that various factors during the nestling period prevent cuckoos from successfully parasitizing thrushes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoos'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: yellow-billed cuckoo (aka coccyzus americanus)
B: cucumis debilis
C: oriental cuckoo (aka cuculus saturatus)
D: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
E: cucumis melo (oriental melon) (aka cucumis melo)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Specifically, in some thrush species, the nest cup design forced cuckoo chicks to compete with host chicks with fatal consequences for the parasite.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cucumber (aka cucumis sativus)
B: cucumis trigonus
C: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
D: madagascar cuckoo (aka cuculus rochii)
E: cucumis
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Specifically, in some thrush species, the nest cup design forced cuckoo chicks to compete with host chicks with fatal consequences for the parasite.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cucumella cinerea (aka cucumis cinereus)
B: cucumis carolinus
C: lesser cuckoo (aka cuculus poliocephalus)
D: cucumis debilis
E: cucumbers (aka cucumis sativus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Other species were reluctant to care even for lone cuckoo chicks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
B: cucumella cinerea (aka cucumis cinereus)
C: cucumis omissus
D: cuculidae (cuckoos) (aka cuculidae)
E: cucumbers (aka cucumis sativus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Importantly, in an apparently phylogenetically homogenous group of hosts, there were interspecific differences in factors responsible for the absence of cuckoo parasitism.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cuckoo'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: common cuckoo (aka cuculus canorus)
B: cucumis debilis
C: cucumis
D: african cuckoo (aka cuculus gularis)
E: madagascar cuckoo (aka cuculus rochii)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Characterization of the GPI-anchored endo Beta-1,3-glucanase Eng2 of Aspergillus fumigatus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus fumigatus fresen., 1863 (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
B: aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884 (aka aspergillus oryzae)
C: aspergillus terricola
D: aspergillus aureus
E: aspergillus asper (aspergillus asperus) (aka aspergillus asper)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A GPI-anchored endo Beta-1,3-glucanase of Aspergillus fumigatus was characterized.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
B: aspergillus terreus (aspergillus terrestris) (aka aspergillus terreus)
C: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus oryzae (aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884) (aka aspergillus oryzae)
E: aspergillus cerealis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The activity was characterized using a recombinant protein produced by Pichiapastoris.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pichiapastoris'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pichinia
B: zygosaccharomyces pastoris (aka komagataella pastoris)
C: komagataella pseudopastoris (pichia pseudopastoris) (aka komagataella pseudopastoris)
D: pichia rugopelliculosa (candida rugopelliculosa) (aka pichia rugopelliculosa)
E: issatchenkia terricola (aka pichia terricola)
F: None of the above... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The metalloreductase FreB is involved in adaptation of Aspergillus fumigatus to iron starvation.
Aspergillus fumigatus employs two high affinity iron uptake mechanisms, siderophore mediated iron uptake and reductive iron assimilation (RIA).', select the correct biomedical concept corres... | <Options>: A: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
B: aspergillus aerius
C: aspergillus cerealis
D: sartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
E: aspergillus asperus (aka aspergillus asper)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The metalloreductase FreB is involved in adaptation of Aspergillus fumigatus to iron starvation.
Aspergillus fumigatus employs two high affinity iron uptake mechanisms, siderophore mediated iron uptake and reductive iron assimilation (RIA).', select the correct biomedical concept corres... | <Options>: A: aspergillus terricola
B: sartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
C: aspergillus aureus
D: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
E: aspergillus asper (aspergillus asperus) (aka aspergillus asper)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The A. fumigatus genome encodes 15 putative metalloreductases (MR) but the ferrireductasesinvolved in RIA remained elusive so far.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus aerius
B: aspergillus asperus (aka aspergillus asper)
C: sartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
D: aspergillus aureus
E: aspergillus cerealis
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study also revealed that loss of copper-independent siderophore-mediated iron uptake increases sensitivity of A. fumigatus to copper starvation due to copper-dependence of RIA.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided... | <Options>: A: aspergillus cerealis
B: aspergillus fumigatiaffinis
C: aspergillus fumigatus (aspergillus fumigatus var. ellipticus) (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
D: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
E: aspergillus asper (aspergillus asperus) (aka aspergillus asper)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Expression and functional characterisation of TNC, a high-affinity nickel transporter from Neurospora crassa.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tinocladia crassa
B: sarcosphaera crassa (peziza crassa) (aka sarcosphaera crassa)
C: tryella crassa
D: neurospora cratophora (gelasinospora cratophora) (aka neurospora cratophora)
E: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Expression and functional characterisation of TNC, a high-affinity nickel transporter from Neurospora crassa.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tryella crassa
B: neurospora cerealis (gelasinospora cerealis) (aka neurospora cerealis)
C: neurospora terricola
D: neurospora stellata
E: sarcosphaera crassa (peziza crassa) (aka sarcosphaera crassa)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our previous in silico studies identified a high-affinity nickel transporter,TNC, from the metal transportome of Neurospora crassa.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neocosmospora crassa (aka fusarium crassum)
B: neurospora crassa (chrysonilia crassa) (aka neurospora crassa)
C: tinocladia crassa
D: tryella crassa
E: neurospora terricola
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A knockout mutant of the tnc gene in N. crassa failed to transport nickel, showed phenotypic growth defects and diminished urease activity under physiological levels of nickel.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'n. crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neurospora crassa (chrysonilia crassa) (aka neurospora crassa)
B: napothera crassa (aka gypsophila crassa)
C: noronhia crassiramosa
D: tabernaemontana crassa
E: norix crassus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heterologous complementation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe nickel uptake mutant by TNC further substantiates its nickel transport function.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'schizosaccharomyces pombe'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: schizosaccharomyces octosporus
B: schizosaccharomyces pombe spk1820
C: schizosaccharomyces osmophilus
D: schizosaccharomyces pombe oy26
E: fission yeast (aka schizosaccharomyces pombe)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transcriptional analysis of the nickel transporter encoding gene, tnc in N. crassa by qRT-PCR showed its constitutive expression in various phases of its life cycle.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'n. crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neurospora
B: neocosmospora crassa (aka fusarium crassum)
C: tabernaemontana crassa
D: crassiana crassa (aka unio crassus)
E: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunolocalisation data suggested that TNC is distributed in the plasma membrane of N. crassa.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'n. crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: columnea crassa
B: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
C: crassiana crassa (aka unio crassus)
D: nansenia crassa
E: noronhia crassiramosa
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, the present study establishes TNC as a functional plasma membrane nickel transporter necessary for physiological acquisition of nickel in the multicellular fungi N. crassa.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'n. crassa'. Answer using one of the provided optio... | <Options>: A: babingtonia crassa (aka sannantha crassa)
B: nitrosomonas nitrosa
C: nautarachna crassa (delmea crassa) (aka nautarachna crassa)
D: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
E: neocynthus crassus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The effects of dsRNA mycoviruses on growth and murine virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
B: aspergillus asperus (aka aspergillus asper)
C: aspergillus nidulans (aspergillus nidulans (eidam) g. winter, 1884) (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus terrestris (aka aspergillus terreus)
E: aspergillus aerius
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some isolates of the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus are known to be infected with mycoviruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: macrobiotus sapiens
C: carcharhinus humani
D: sphaeria humana (aka sordaria humana)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some isolates of the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus are known to be infected with mycoviruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus cerealis
B: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
C: aspergillus aureus
D: aspergillus terricola
E: aspergillus fumigatus fresen., 1863 (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Through curing virus-infected A. fumigatus isolates by cycloheximide treatment and transfecting virus-free isolates with purified virus, as checked by RT-PCR, isogenic virus-free and virus-infected lines of the fungus were generated whose phenotypes and growth have been directly compared.... | <Options>: A: aspergillus aerius
B: aspergillus neoellipticus (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
C: aspergillus asper (aspergillus asperus) (aka aspergillus asper)
D: aspergillus terricola
E: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Through curing virus-infected A. fumigatus isolates by cycloheximide treatment and transfecting virus-free isolates with purified virus, as checked by RT-PCR, isogenic virus-free and virus-infected lines of the fungus were generated whose phenotypes and growth have been directly compared.... | <Options>: A: aspergillus oryzae (aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884) (aka aspergillus oryzae)
B: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
C: aspergillus nidulans (aspergillus nidulans (eidam) g. winter, 1884) (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus terricola
E: aspergillus cerealis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mycovirus infection of A. fumigatus with either the chrysovirus or the partitivirus resulted in significant aberrant phenotypic alterations and attenuation of growth of the fungus but had no effect on susceptibility to common antifungals.', select the correct biomedical concept correspond... | <Options>: A: aspergillus fumigatiaffinis
B: aspergillus aerius
C: aspergillus fumigatus (aspergillus fumigatus var. ellipticus) (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
D: aspergillus terricola
E: aspergillus cerealis
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chrysovirus infection of A. fumigatus caused no significant alterations to murine pathogenicity.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus aerius
B: aspergillus cerealis
C: aspergillus oryzae (aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884) (aka aspergillus oryzae)
D: aspergillus fumigatus fresen., 1863 (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
E: aspergillus terreus (aspergillus terrestris) (aka aspergillus terreus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Identification and characterization of the cysteine protease inhibitor gene MdCPI from Musca domestica.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'musca domestica'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: musca (aka musca <subgenus>)
B: musca asiatica
C: musca idessa (aka graphomya idessa)
D: musca comtus (aka xanthandrus comtus)
E: musca domestica (house fly) (aka musca domestica)
F: None of the above. | E |
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