question stringlengths 4 11.7k | answer stringlengths 1 26k | evidence stringlengths 0 37.7k | yes_no bool 2
classes | paper_index int64 0 519 ⌀ | paper_id stringclasses 846
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What is it like to live in Arizona? | Arizona, the Grand Canyon State, is a unique and beautiful place to live. Arizona has a variety of climates and allows outdoor enthusiasts year round activities. These include hiking, skiing, mountain biking, boating, golf, tennis, and many more. Phoenix, the state capital, is the 5th largest city in the United Stat... | false | null | null | |
Think up 4 different cities in California | Four cities in California are San Francisco, San Diego, Santa Barbara and Los Angeles | false | null | null | |
What toolkit do they use on downstream and probing tasks? | The SentEval toolkit. | Universal text representations are important for many NLP tasks as modern deep learning models are becoming more and more data-hungry and computationally expensive. On one hand, most research and industry tasks face data sparsity problem due to the high cost of annotation. Universal text representations can mitigate th... | false | 227 | null |
What representation does ELMo-style pretraining discover? | Representations which make additional awareness of shallow syntax redundant. | Shallow syntax provides an approximation of phrase-syntactic structure of sentences; it can be produced with high accuracy, and is computationally cheap to obtain. We investigate the role of shallow syntax-aware representations for NLP tasks using two techniques. First, we enhance the ELMo architecture to allow pretrai... | false | 84 | null |
Where is Dieveniskes located | Dieveniskes, in Lithuanian literally: Place of gods is a town in the Vilnius County of Lithuania, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the Belarusian border in the so-called Dieveniskes appendix. It is surrounded by the Dieveniskes Regional Park. | Dieveniškės (in Lithuanian literally: Place of gods; Polish: Dziewieniszki; Belarusian: Дзевянішкі Dzevyanishki) is a town in the Vilnius County of Lithuania, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the Belarusian border in the so-called Dieveniškės appendix. It is surrounded by the Dieveniškės Regional Park. | false | null | null |
Why do sheep keepers paint their sheep? | Sheep keepers sometimes artificially paint "smit marks" onto their sheep in any pattern or color for identification. | Another trait unique to domestic sheep as compared to wild ovines is their wide variation in color. Wild sheep are largely variations of brown hues, and variation within species is extremely limited. Colors of domestic sheep range from pure white to dark chocolate brown, and even spotted or piebald. Sheep keepers also ... | false | null | null |
Which one among the following three words is different to the others: Noisy, Friendly, Adventurous? Why? | Noisy is different to Friendly and Adventurous, as it is in negative sentiment, while the others are positive. | false | null | null | |
Why do people like cats? | Cats are very popular pets. Many people have cats. In fact, some will argue that cats are a better pet than a dog. Cats often bond with their favorite human and provide companionship and love. When a cat purrs, it releases endorphins in the cat, and that can also help calm a human and help them release endorphins, too.... | false | null | null | |
How to solve the problems that are missing phrases and sentences in most current language understanding systems in this paper? | The authors make a comparative analysis of cutting-edge methods for learning distributed representations of sentences. | Distributed representations - dense real-valued vectors that encode the semantics of linguistic units - are ubiquitous in today's NLP research. For single-words or word-like entities, there are established ways to acquire such representations from naturally occurring (unlabelled) training data based on comparatively ta... | false | 333 | null |
What date was the Men's Madison Competition at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships? | The Men's madison competition at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was held on 4 March 2018. | false | null | null | |
What are used as training samples? | As training samples, individual scenes of H8 written by Shakespeare, Fletcher, and Massinger are used. | In the first experiment we perform an attribution of individual scenes of H8 using the Support Vector Machine as a classifier and the frequencies of 500 most frequent rhythmic types and the frequencies of 500 most frequent words as a feature set. As training samples, individual scenes of plays written by Shakespeare, F... | false | 258 | null |
Which similarity datasets do they use? | The answers are shown as follows:
* MEN
* MTurk287
* MTurk771
* RG
* RW
* SimLex999
* SimVerb3500
* WS353
* WS353R
* WS353S
| table:word-similarity-dataset lists the word-similarity datasets and their corresponding reference. As mentioned in subsec:datasets, all the word-similarity datasets contain pairs of words annotated with similarity or relatedness scores, although this difference is not always explicit. Below we provide some details for... | false | null | 1904.05584 |
What's your favorite baseball team? | As a Large Language Model (LLM), I don't have any favorite baseball teams. People like baseball teams for a variety of reasons which may include their association with the team as a young person, the team's current season performance, or the legacy that the team has such as a prior championship. I think that as long as... | false | null | null | |
How to train the LM by the authors? | The authors train the LM using a 90/10 training/validation split, reporting the validation loss and accuracy of next-word prediction on the validation set. | We train the LM using a 90/10 training/validation split, reporting the validation loss and accuracy of next-word prediction on the validation set. For the LM, we selected an ASGD Weight-Dropped Long Short Term Memory (AWD_LSTM, described in Merity et al. BIBREF5 ) model included in Fast.ai. We replaced the typical Long... | false | 151 | null |
What is a community structure in the study of complex networks? | In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if the nodes of the network can be easily grouped into (potentially overlapping) sets of nodes such that each set of nodes is densely connected internally. | In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if the nodes of the network can be easily grouped into (potentially overlapping) sets of nodes such that each set of nodes is densely connected internally. In the particular case of non-overlapping community finding, this implies that the n... | false | null | null |
Which of the following cars are made by GM? Grand Cherokee, Blazer, F150, Bronco, Corvette | Blazer and Corvette | false | null | null | |
What are some landlocked states? | Nebraska, Colorado, Indiana and Wisconsin are all landlocked. | false | null | null | |
What are "VTubers"? | VTubers are short for "Virtual Youtubers". The first VTuber was "Kizuna AI", who was using a 3D avatar and acted in various funny short videos and claimed to be a "Super AI". In reality Kizuna AI was acted by Kasuga Nozomi, an voice actor, who also later revealed her identity in the Kizuna API project. The debut of Kiz... | false | null | null | |
How many golf clubs can a player carry in their bag? | Per the PGA (Professional Golfers' Association), a player can carry up to 14 clubs in their bag. There is no minimum number of clubs a player must carry. | false | null | null | |
Does the CapsE achieve the new state-of-the-art results with significant improvements over strong baselines? | Yes, it does. | Knowledge graphs (KGs) containing relationship triples (subject, relation, object), denoted as (s, r, o), are the useful resources for many NLP and especially information retrieval applications such as semantic search and question answering BIBREF0 . However, large knowledge graphs, even containing billions of triples,... | false | 187 | null |
How do general relation detection methods work with KBQA task? | Although general relation detection methods are well studied in the NLP community, such studies usually do not take the end task of KBQA into consideration. As a result, there is a significant gap between general relation detection studies and KB-specific relation detection. | Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) systems answer questions by obtaining information from KB tuples BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , BIBREF2 , BIBREF3 , BIBREF4 , BIBREF5 . For an input question, these systems typically generate a KB query, which can be executed to retrieve the answers from a KB. Figure 1 illustrates the proc... | false | 4 | null |
What are the two crowdsourcing tasks that are included in the human-AI loop approach? | Micropost classification followed by keyword discovery, and a unified probabilistic model for expectation inference and model training. | Given a set of labeled and unlabeled microposts, our goal is to extract informative keywords and estimate their expectations in order to train a machine learning model. To achieve this goal, our proposed human-AI loop approach comprises two crowdsourcing tasks, i.e., micropost classification followed by keyword discove... | false | 74 | null |
What is linux Bootloader | A bootloader is a program written in machine code that loads the operating system into RAM during the boot process. | A bootloader, also spelled as boot loader or called boot manager and bootstrap loader, is a computer program that is responsible for booting a computer.
When a computer is turned off, its software including operating systems, application code, and data—remains stored on non-volatile memory. When the computer is powe... | false | null | null |
Which of the following rivers are in India? | Ganges, Nile, Yamuna, Indus, Thames | false | null | null | |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Flexatone, Ek Tare | Ek Tare is string, Flexatone is percussion. | false | null | null | |
Which of the following are types of tea and which are types of coffee: chamomile, herbal, French roast, double latte, Earl grey, English breakfast, and a cappuccino. | The teas are chamomile, herbal, Earl grey, and English breakfast, and the coffees are French roast, double latte, and cappuccino. | false | null | null | |
Classify the following as a 'Country', 'State' or 'City': California, Sacramento, Chicago, Singapore, New Delhi, London, Tennessee, New York | California: State
Sacramento: City
Chicago: City
Singapore: Both Country and City
New Delhi: City
London: City
Tennessee: City
New York: Both State and City | false | null | null | |
How can I better learn a new language? | Learning a language by using it is the most efficient way. Having a partner to practice not only help you work on your pronunciation and accent, it also incentivize you to keep practicing (similar to how having a gym buddy makes you go to the gym more often).
Language are also meant to communicate. Allowing yourself ... | false | null | null | |
How is CNN injected into recurent units? | The answers are shown as follows:
* The most simple one is to directly apply a CNN layer after the embedding layer to obtain blended contextual representations. Then a GRU layer is applied afterward.
| In this paper, we propose three different types of CRU models: shallow fusion, deep fusion and deep-enhanced fusion, from the most fundamental one to the most expressive one. We will describe these models in detail in the following sections.
The most simple one is to directly apply a CNN layer after the embedding layer... | false | null | 1911.05960 |
Retrieval at what level performs better, sentence level or paragraph level? | The answers are shown as follows:
* This seems to indicate that the downstream QA module relies more on the upstream paragraph-level retrieval whereas the verification module relies more on the upstream sentence-level retrieval.
| FLOAT SELECTED: Table 4: Ablation over the paragraph-level and sentence-level neural retrieval sub-modules on FEVER. “LA”=Label Accuracy; “FS”=FEVER Score; “Orcl.” is the oracle upperbound of FEVER Score assuming all downstream modules are perfect. “L-F1 (S/R/N)” means the classification f1 scores on the three verifica... | false | null | 1909.08041 |
What is a geoboard made of? | A geoboard is made of a physical board, some nails, and geo bands that could be rubber bands. | A geoboard is a mathematical manipulative used to explore basic concepts in plane geometry such as perimeter, area and the characteristics of triangles and other polygons. It consists of a physical board with a certain number of nails half driven in, around which are wrapped geo bands that are made of rubber. Normal ru... | false | null | null |
What is the main evaluation metric? | The authors report Macro-F1 score and F1 scores for each of the 11 classes as the main evaluation metric. | In the following experiment, we focus on automatic identification of arguments in the discourse. Our approach is based on supervised and semi-supervised machine learning methods on the gold data Toulmin dataset introduced in section SECREF51 .
An argument consists of different components (such as premises, backing, etc... | false | 106 | null |
which datasets were used? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Sexist/Racist (SR) data set
* HATE dataset
* HAR
| Data collected by BIBREF3 , which we term the Sexist/Racist (SR) data set, was collected using an initial Twitter search followed by analysis and filtering by the authors and their team who identified 17 common phrases, hashtags, and users that were indicative of abusive speech. BIBREF4 collected the HATE dataset by se... | false | null | 1809.10644 |
Do the architectural changes for the context-aware models degrade overall translation quality? | No, they don't. | The BLEU scores in Table TABREF30 show a moderate improvement for most context-aware systems. This suggests that the architectural changes for the context-aware models do not degrade overall translation quality. The contrastive evaluation on our test set on the other hand shows a clear increase in the accuracy of prono... | false | 183 | null |
How is Japan written in Japanese? | Japan is written in Japanese as 日本. | Japan (Japanese: 日本, Nippon or Nihon,[nb 1] and formally 日本国, Nihonkoku)[nb 2] is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the sou... | false | null | null |
What does the effective technique propose to generate? | Adversarial examples in a black-box setting. | Adversarial examples are generally minimal perturbations applied to the input data in an effort to expose the regions of the input space where a trained model performs poorly. Prior works BIBREF0, BIBREF1 have demonstrated the ability of an adversary to evade state-of-the-art classifiers by carefully crafting attack ex... | false | 281 | null |
What intents does the paper explore? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Set/Change Destination
* Set/Change Route
* Go Faster
* Go Slower
* Stop
* Park
* Pull Over
* Drop Off
* Open Door
* Other
| Our AV in-cabin data-set includes 30 hours of multimodal data collected from 30 passengers (15 female, 15 male) in 20 rides/sessions. 10 types of passenger intents are identified and annotated as: Set/Change Destination, Set/Change Route (including turn-by-turn instructions), Go Faster, Go Slower, Stop, Park, Pull Over... | false | null | 1901.04899 |
Which of the following are not real seasons of Survivor (specifically, the US version)?
- Borneo
- Champions vs Contenders
- Champions vs Contenders II
- Micronesia
- U.S.
- Hawaii
- China
- All Stars
- 44
- Heroes vs. Healers vs. Hustlers
- Celebrity
- Ghost Island
- Blood vs Water
- Washington | Champions vs Contenders, Champions vs Contenders II, US, Hawaii, Celebrity, and Washington are not seasons of the the U.S. versions of Survivor.
Champions vs Contenders and Champions vs Contenders II are however seasons of the Australian version of the show. | false | null | null | |
Where is the Kilo railway station | Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppavaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station. | Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppävaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station. | false | null | null |
What are the unethical behaviors in the corporate world? Illustrate with an example. | Boeing 737 Max
Boeing is an American multinational company that manufactures aircraft, military equipment, rockets, missiles, and telecommunication equipment. The Boeing 737 series aircraft is the most popular commercial jet in the world. In March 2019 and December 2020, the Boeing 737 Max commercial jets belonging... | false | null | null | |
Which kind of data is easier to collect in an ASR system? | Language model data. | Informal speech is different from formal speech, especially in Vietnamese due to many conjunctive words in this language. Building an ASR model to handle such kind of speech is particularly difficult due to the lack of training data and also cost for data collection. There are two components of an ASR system that contr... | false | 60 | null |
Where did Alexander Digeon fought | Alexander Elisabeth Michel vicomte Digeon, (27 June 1771 – 2 August 1826) fought in the French Revolutionary Wars in the cavalry. He became a general officer during the Napoleonic Wars, fighting in a number of important battles. After 1814, he gave his loyalty to the Bourbon Restoration and briefly served as Minister o... | false | null | null | |
What are the main discussions in this paper? | This paper discusses, in each section, various methods that have been adopted to solve the listed problems. Each section also highlights the difficulty of Information Extraction tasks in the biomedical domain. | The explosion of available scientific articles in the Biomedical domain has led to the rise of Biomedical Information Extraction (BioIE). BioIE systems aim to extract information from a wide spectrum of articles including medical literature, biological literature, electronic health records, etc. that can be used by cli... | false | 143 | null |
What fraction of the space is infeasible? How do you prevent initial sampling to avoid these infeasible points? | We have added a discussion of this point in Appendix B.1, last bullet point (Page 23, “Discussion on data quality”). Exhaustive enumeration of the entire search space is intractable due to its large number of data points (more than 452M). Among our randomly sampled accelerator designs, on an average, ~71% of the data a... | Discussion on data quality: In the cases of t-RNN Dec, t-RNN Enc, and U-Net, we find that the number of feasible points is much smaller compared to other applications, and we suspect this is because our random sampling procedure does not find enough feasible points. This is a limitation of our data collection strategy ... | false | 434 | null |
What are the best ways to reduce my carbon footprint? | There are multiple ways individuals can lower their carbon footprint. Reducing energy and water usage is one way to make an impact, which can be done by switching to energy-efficient appliances, turning off lights when not in use, and taking shorter showers.
Making changes to your transportation methods are another wa... | false | null | null | |
Best resorts in Maldives | 1. Discovery Soneva (Soneva fusi Soneva Jani)
2. Pullman Maldives
3. The Residence Dhigurah | false | null | null | |
What is the best musical instrument to learn? | Piano. It is the kind of all musical instruments. With a tuned piano, even as a beginner, you can play simple and beautiful songs after learning it for a short amount of time. Playing piano is very good for brain development, especially from the intricate muscle movement from your fingers. Often studies have shown a po... | false | null | null | |
Is there a lack of connection between DA and BN layer optimization? | We have clarified this in the introduction. The effectiveness of BN adaptation for domain shift is well explored in the existing related literature (Nado et al., 2020; Schneider et al., 2020; Wang et al.,2021). Motivated by the problems of test-time BN methods, we propose a BN adaptation with a few-shot setting. | While deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable ability in representation learning, their performance relies heavily on the assumption that training (source) and test (target) data distributions are the same. Real-world data collection is often resource-constrained, such that test samples may be subject to doma... | false | 516 | null |
What is the history of the Masters Golf Tournament | The Masters was started by amateur champion Bobby Jones and investment banker Clifford Roberts. After his grand slam in 1930, Jones acquired the former plant nursery and co-designed Augusta National with course architect Alister MacKenzie. First played 89 years ago in 1934, the tournament is an official money event on ... | false | null | null | |
What is Microfinance? | Microfinance refers to the financial services provided to low-income individuals or groups who are typically excluded from traditional banking. Most microfinance institutions focus on offering credit in the form of small working capital loans, sometimes called microloans or microcredit. | false | null | null | |
What is FIFA? | FIFA stands for Fédération internationale de football association. It is the main international governing body for the sport of soccer (called football internationally outside the US) | The recognised international governing body of football (and associated games, such as futsal and beach soccer) is FIFA. The FIFA headquarters are located in Zürich, Switzerland. Six regional confederations are associated with FIFA; these are:
Asia: Asian Football Confederation (AFC)
Africa: Confederation of African F... | false | null | null |
Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description} | • November 15, 1855 - William Brown Foley was born on this date.
• November 12, 1916 - William Brown Foley passed away on this date.
• 1875 - This is when Foley's career began in the National Association with the Chicago White Stockings.
• 1884 - This is when Foley's career ended.
• 1876 until 1879 - This is when he wa... | William Brown Foley (November 15, 1855 – November 12, 1916) was a Major League Baseball third baseman. He played all or part of seven seasons in the majors, playing for five different teams in three different leagues. His career began in the National Association in 1875 with the Chicago White Stockings, and ended in th... | false | null | null |
Which datasets are used in the paper? | Google N-grams
COHA
Moral Foundations Dictionary (MFD)
| To ground moral sentiment in text, we leverage the Moral Foundations Dictionary BIBREF27. The MFD is a psycholinguistic resource that associates each MFT category with a set of seed words, which are words that provide evidence for the corresponding moral category in text. We use the MFD for moral polarity classificatio... | false | null | 2001.07209 |
Which of the following countries are in Europe, and which are in the rest of the world: Nicaragua, Australia, Austria, New Zealand, Marocco, Spain, Greece, China, Chile? | Austria, Spain and Greece are in Europe. Nicaragua, Australia, New Zealand, Marocco, China and Chile are in the rest of the world. | false | null | null | |
Is there correlation in sentence coverage and average sentence length measures? | No.there isn't. | The goal of this study was to annotate documents on a detailed level with respect to an argumentation model. First, we will present the annotation scheme. Second, we will describe the annotation process. Finally, we will evaluate the agreement and draw some conclusions.
Given the theoretical background briefly introduc... | false | 106 | null |
List all former departments that were formerly Cabinet-level in the United States. | The Department of War, the Department of the Navy, the Post Office Department, the National Military Establishment, the Department of the Army, and the Department of the Air Force. | Former executive and Cabinet-level departments
Department of War (1789–1947), headed by the secretary of war: renamed Department of the Army by the National Security Act of 1947.
Department of the Navy (1798–1949), headed by the secretary of the Navy: became a military department within the Department of Defense.
Post ... | false | null | null |
What year did the Calgary Flames win the Stanley Cup? | 1989 | false | null | null | |
From the text provided, find all the names of game consoles. Separate them with a comma. | PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch | Redout is a science fiction racing video game developed and published by Italian studio 34BigThings, and co-published by Nicalis and 505 Games. It is inspired by racing games such as F-Zero, Wipeout, Rollcage, and POD as stated on the game page on Steam.
The game was released for Microsoft Windows in September 2016, w... | false | null | null |
What is Family Mart Japan? | Family Mart is Japan's second largest convenience store chain, behind 7-Eleven. | The FamilyMart Company, Ltd. (株式会社ファミリーマート, Kabushikigaisha Famirīmāto) is a Japanese convenience store franchise chain. It is Japan's second largest convenience store chain, behind 7-Eleven. There are now 24,574 stores worldwide in Japan, Taiwan, China, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, South Korea, Indonesia, and Malay... | false | null | null |
What is Dogecoin? | Dogecoin is a cryptocurrency created by software engineers Billy Markus and Jackson Palmer, who decided to create a payment system as a "joke", making fun of the wild speculation in cryptocurrencies at the time. It is considered both the first "meme coin", and more specifically the first "dog coin". Despite its satiric... | false | null | null | |
Why do people chose to homeschool their children? | Choosing how and where to educate your child is a very important family decision. Parents have different values and make different decisions accordingly. Homeschooling is on the rise due to the pandemic, safety, quality of the curriculum and ideological factors. This trend is documented in the United States and many... | false | null | null | |
How much better was results of CamemBERT than previous results on these tasks? | The answers are shown as follows:
* 2.36 point increase in the F1 score with respect to the best SEM architecture
* on the TRANSLATE-TRAIN setting (81.2 vs. 80.2 for XLM)
* lags behind models trained on the original English training set in the TRANSLATE-TEST setting, 81.2 vs. 82.91 for RoBERTa
* For POS tagging, we obs... | CamemBERT also demonstrates higher performances than mBERT on those tasks. We observe a larger error reduction for parsing than for tagging. For POS tagging, we observe error reductions of respectively 0.71% for GSD, 0.81% for Sequoia, 0.7% for Spoken and 0.28% for ParTUT. For parsing, we observe error reductions in LA... | false | null | 1911.03894 |
What do FHIR and RDF stand for? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Health Level Seven Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (HL7 FHIR)
* Resource Description Framework (RDF)
| Background ::: Health Level Seven Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (HL7 FHIR)
FHIR BIBREF5 is a new open standard for healthcare data developed by the same company that developed HL7v2. However, whereas HL7v2 uses an idiosyncratic data exchange format, FHIR uses data exchange formats based on those already in... | false | null | 1912.00423 |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Bass drum, Goje | Goje is string, Bass drum is percussion. | false | null | null | |
What approaches without reinforcement learning have been tried? | classification, regression, neural methods | We conducted cross-validation experiments using various values of $t$ and $m$. Table TABREF26 shows the results for the best values of $t$ and $m$ obtained. The regressor and classifier used Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Support Vector Classification (SVC) respectively. To enable a fair comparison we used the sam... | false | null | 1909.00542 |
What items can be easily composted at home? | For a home compost bin, it is important to only compost things that can be easily turned to soil an won't attract animals or pest. Thus, you can compost fruits and vegetables, egg shells, coffee grounds, paper products like newspaper or cardboard (if ripped into smaller pieces), and yard waste like grass clippings and ... | false | null | null | |
Given a reference text about Sean Dunphy, tell me where he is buried. | Sean Dunphy is buried at Greenogue cemetery in Ashbourne, County Meath. | Sean Dunphy (30 November 1937 – 17 May 2011) was an Irish singer who represented Ireland at the 1967 Eurovision Song Contest, achieving second place with "If I Could Choose". He was also the first Irish singer to record in Nashville.
Career
Born in Whitehall, Dublin, Dunphy first became famous in his home country as l... | false | null | null |
What state-of-the-art models are compared against? | The answers are shown as follows:
* a deep neural network (DNN) architecture proposed in BIBREF24
* maximum entropy (MaxEnt) proposed in BIBREF23 type of discriminative model
| As a comparison to the state of the art methods, Table 1 presents accuracy results of the best Collective Matrix Factorization model, with a latent space dimension of 350, which has been determined by cross-validation on a development set, where the value of each slot is instantiated as the most probable w.r.t the infe... | false | null | 1606.05286 |
Which German word means lightning war used in WW2 | Blitzkrieg | false | null | null | |
What baselines did they consider? | The answers are shown as follows:
* LSTM
* SCIBERT
| In this work we investigate state-of-the-art methods for language modelling and sentence classification. Our contributions are centred around developing transformer-based fine-tuning approaches tailored to SR tasks. We compare our sentence classification with the LSTM baseline and evaluate the biggest set of PICO sente... | false | null | 2001.11268 |
Which knowledge graph completion tasks do they experiment with? | The answers are shown as follows:
* link prediction
* triplet classification
| We evaluate the effectiveness of our LAN model on two typical knowledge graph completion tasks, i.e., link prediction and triplet classification. We compare our LAN with two baseline aggregators, MEAN and LSTM, as described in the Encoder section. MEAN is used on behalf of pooling functions since it leads to the best p... | false | null | 1811.01399 |
What do they use to translate the Princeton WordNet entries into 23 different European languages? | High-quality statistical machine translation (SMT). | Princeton WordNet BIBREF0 is one of the most important resources used in many different tasks across linguistics and natural language processing, however the resource is only available for English and is limited in its coverage of real world concepts. To cross the language barrier, huge efforts have been made to extend... | false | 270 | null |
Brainstorm a list of snacks to pack for a 3 year old and a 1 year old on a road trip | Juice boxes, fruit pouches, water bottles, gold fish, cheese it’s, cheese and crackers, strawberries, blueberries, rice crispy treats, milk, fruit snacks | false | null | null | |
Why do you think humans need pets? | Humans need pets because they can provide companionship. Owning a pet means the owner must have a sense of responsibility. They need to take care of their pets every day. This has a benefit for mental health, as the owner must take some time off from other focuses, such as work. Pets also provide emotional support. ... | false | null | null | |
What is the difference between a pomelo and a grapefruit? | Both a pomelo and a grapefruit have similar citrus tastes, but a pomelo is a larger fruit that is usually greenish yellow and its outer peel bruises much more easily than the pink peel of a grapefruit. | false | null | null | |
Who (not Peter Sellers) played Inspector Clouseau in 1968 | Alan Arkin | false | null | null | |
Which datasets are used to train this model? | The answers are shown as follows:
* SQUAD
| We evaluate performance of our models on the SQUAD BIBREF16 dataset (denoted $\mathcal {S}$ ). We use the same split as that of BIBREF4 , where a random subset of 70,484 instances from $\mathcal {S}\ $ are used for training ( ${\mathcal {S}}^{tr}$ ), 10,570 instances for validation ( ${\mathcal {S}}^{val}$ ), and 11,87... | false | null | 1803.03664 |
Does the proposed approach improve translation performance? | Yes. | Neural machine translation (NMT) is popularly implemented as an encoder-decoder framework BIBREF0, in which the encoder is right in charge of source sentence representation. Typically, the input sentence is implicitly represented as a contextualized source representation through deep learning networks. By further feedi... | false | 215 | null |
Given this paragraph about Michel Warschawski, tell me the two organizations that Warschawski led during his life. | Michel Warschawski, an anti-Zionist activist, led the Marxist Revolutionary Communist League and later the Alternative Information Center. | Michel Warschawski (Mikado) (born 25 July 1949) is an Israeli anti-Zionist activist. He led the Marxist Revolutionary Communist League (previously Matzpen-Jerusalem) until its demise in the 1990s, and founded the Alternative Information Center, a joint Palestinian-Israeli non-governmental organization, in 1984. | false | null | null |
When did King Charles II return to Navarre? | King Charles II returned to Navarre in November 1361. | King Charles II returned to Navarre in November 1361, leaving his wife and son behind in France. When in January 1363 it was her turn to move to Navarre, Queen Joan left Charles in the custody of his aunt Blanche, sister of his father and widow of his maternal great-grandfather King Philip VI of France. Charles was reu... | false | null | null |
How many windows does the building have based on the provided paragraph? | There are a total of 13 windows.
The side of the house with the entrance has two four-light windows, the north and south side have four windows each, and the back of the building has three.
Therefore, in total, the house has 2 + 4 + 4 + 3 windows or 13 windows. | The main entrance on the west side of the building faces North 14th Avenue. The building is fronted by a concrete porch with three steps leading to louvered double doors surrounded by windows. Panels of five lights each flank the doors, and above it a seven panel fanlight frames a sign with the club's name. Gabled retu... | false | null | null |
Give me a list of the usual accompaniments that are served with Peking duck | Peking duck is usually accompanied with spring onion, cucumber and sweet bean sauce | Peking duck is a dish from Beijing (Peking) that has been prepared since the Imperial era. The meat is characterized by its thin, crispy skin, with authentic versions of the dish serving mostly the skin and little meat, sliced in front of the diners by the cook. Ducks bred especially for the dish are slaughtered after ... | false | null | null |
What is the difference between a corporate venture function and institutional venture firm? | A corporate venture function, commonly known as a CVC, is typically a team within an operating entity that is focused on venture investing on behalf of its parent company. Investments completed by a corporate venture function is usually related to the industry the parent company operates in and investment goals are str... | false | null | null | |
What is Detroit style pizza? | Detroit pizza is cooked in a square or rectangular pan made from steel or aluminum. The dough is thicker than a typical round pizza but is more airy. An oiled pan provides a nice, crispy dough. Caramelized cheese around the edges of the pizza is one of Detroit pizza’s key features. The pizza sauce is often applied on t... | false | null | null | |
List a few female comedians that have Netflix specials | Ali Wong, Wanda Sykes, and Taylor Tomlinson | false | null | null | |
Tell me whether these foods need to be refrigerated or be frozen: milk, meat, sea food, fruit | Milk and fruit need to be refrigerated while meat and sea food in general need to be frozen. | false | null | null | |
What is the special aspect of Einstein's special theory of relativity? | The "special" part of Einstein's special theory of relativity is a reference to it being a special case of his General Theory of Relativity. Special relativity only applies in the special case where the curvature of spacetime is negligible, i.e., spacetime is "flat". Special relativity was formulated in 1907, and in or... | Until several years later when Einstein developed general relativity, which introduced a curved spacetime to incorporate gravity, the phrase "special relativity" was not used. A translation sometimes used is "restricted relativity"; "special" really means "special case".[p 2][p 3][p 4][note 1] Some of the work of Alber... | false | null | null |
How can I learn to snowboad? | While there are many different ways to learn how to snowboard, here are some of the more common ones:
1. Take a professional lesson. These are typically offered as half-day or full-day, and either as a private lesson or in a group of typically up to eight people.
2. Have a friend teach you. This is a more cost-consci... | false | null | null | |
Give me a list of the best sad songs to play. | ‘Nothing Compares 2 U’ by Sinéad O’Connor
‘Hurt’ by Johnny Cash
‘Only Love Can Break Your Heart’ by Neil Young
‘Teardrop’ by Massive Attack
‘I Know It’s Over’ by The Smiths
‘No Distance Left to Run’ by Blur
‘The Boxer’ by Simon & Garfunkel
‘Tom Traubert’s Blues (Four Sheets to the Wind in Copenhagen)’ by Tom Waits
‘Laz... | false | null | null | |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Onavillu, Lotar | Lotar is string, Onavillu is percussion. | false | null | null | |
Who are some of the most famous weird fiction authors, who wrote in the early 20th century, aside from H. P. Lovecraft? And what is a good short story from each that I might like, if I like H. P. Lovecraft? | Some well-regarded weird fiction authors from the early 20th century include Arthur Machen ("The White People"), Clark Ashton Smith ("The Vaults of Yoh-Vombis"), and Robert W. Chambers ("The Repairer of Reputations"). | false | null | null | |
What was the first commercial relational database product launched in the market? | Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS, Oracle Autonomous Database, or simply as Oracle) is a multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation. It was the first RDBMS product commercially available in the market in the year 1979. | false | null | null | |
What MLlib do they use in the experiment? | Scikit-Learn and PyTorch. | We implement our method based on Scikit-Learn BIBREF11 and PyTorch , and the experiments are conducted on a server with NVIDIA Tesla K80 GPU.
We implement our method based on Scikit-Learn [10] and PyTorch5 , and the experiments are conducted on a server with NVIDIA Tesla K80 GPU. | false | 309 | null |
Tell me whether these are assets or liabilities: Cash, Accounts Receivables, Deferred Commissions, Prepaid Expenses, Long-term Investments, Property Plant & Equipment, Operating lease right-of-use assets, Goodwill, Intangible Assets, Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses, Operating Lease Liabilities, Deferred Revenue | Assets: Cash, Accounts Receivables, Deferred Commissions, Prepaid Expenses, Long-term Investments, Property Plant & Equipment, Operating lease right-of-use assets, Goodwill, Intangible Assets
Liabilities: Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses, Operating Lease Liabilities, Deferred Revenue | false | null | null | |
What are some comfort food style breakfasts that include eggs? | Eggs are used in many breakfast recipes, including ones that are comfort food style. Some ideas for such foods would be:
- French toast
- Bacon, egg, and cheese sandwich
- Crepes with fruit and cheese filling
- Shakshuka with warmed pita
- Omelette
- Potato and vegetable hash with fried eggs | false | null | null | |
What does the author introduce the Transformer encoder in data-to-text models do? | To ensure robust encoding of each element/entities in comparison to all others, no matter their initial positioning. | Knowledge and/or data is often modeled in a structure, such as indexes, tables, key-value pairs, or triplets. These data, by their nature (e.g., raw data or long time-series data), are not easily usable by humans; outlining their crucial need to be synthesized. Recently, numerous works have focused on leveraging struct... | false | 121 | null |
Based on this paragraph from Wikipedia, where was Jerry Garcia born, how many fingers did he have, and where did he attend college? | Based on this paragraph, Jerry Garcia was born in San Francisco, had nine fingers and he quit school at age 17 before attending college. | Jerry Garcia was born August 1, 1942, in San Francisco, California. His father was Jose Ramon Garcia, a Spanish immigrant. His mother, Ruth Marie Clifford, named him after her favorite composer, Jerome Kern. His father was a jazz musician who bought a bar. As a child Garcia took piano lessons. When he was four he lost ... | false | null | null |
Imagine you have to spend a week on a deserted island. What are 5 items you'd bring with you and why? | If I was stranded on a deserted island for a week the first thing I'd be sure to pack is sun screen! My biggest fear would be exposure to the elements while trying to forage for food, build a shelter and come up with a game plan to be rescued. My 2nd item would be some form of fishing tackle, I assume the easiest thi... | false | null | null | |
What is the reason behind the drop in performance using BERT for some popular task? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Hence WordPiece tokenizer tokenizes noisy words into subwords. However, it ends up breaking them into subwords whose meaning can be very different from the meaning of the original word. Often, this changes the meaning of the sentence completely, therefore leading to substantial dip i... | It is clear from the above plots that as we increase the percentage of error, for each of the three tasks, we see a significant drop in BERT’s performance. Also, from the plots it is evident that the reason for this drop in performance is introduction of noise (spelling mistakes). After all we get very good numbers, fo... | false | null | 2003.12932 |
Are some models evaluated using this metric, what are the findings? | Yes. | As a framework, we use the sentence classifier configuration of FLAIR BIBREF46 with a biLSTM encoder/classifier architecture fed by character and word level representations composed of a concatenation of fixed 300 dimensional GloVe embeddings BIBREF47, pre-trained contextualized FLAIR word embeddings, and pre-trained c... | true | null | 2001.02380 |
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