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1,202 | 68,030 | Fluctuations in the Curie-Weiss version of the random field Ising model | Journal of Statistical Physics | The fluctuations of the order parameter in the Curie-Weiss version of the Ising model with random magnetic field are computed. Away from criticality or at first-order critical points they have a Gaussian distribution with random (i. e., sample-dependent) mean, thermal fluctuations contributing in same order as the fluctuations of the field; at second- or higher-order critical points, non-Gaussian sample-dependent distributions appear, and the fluctuations of the fields are enhanced, dominating over the thermal ones. © 1991 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Amaro de Matos J.M.G.", "Perez J.F."] | ["16427253400", "16408060700"] | 1,991 | 27 | ["nontrivial fluctuations", "Random field Ising model"] | 10.1007/BF01017975 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016908", "name": "Sonderforschungsbereich 123, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 1, D-6900, Germany", "fullName": "Sonderforschungsbereich 123, Universität Heidelberg", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Heidelberg 1, D-6900, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60008088", "name": "Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 01498, Brazil", "fullName": "Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de São Paulo", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "São Paulo, 01498, Brazil", "departmentId": "105429480"}] |
1,203 | 68,035 | Variance estimation under two-phase sampling with application to imputation for missing data | Biometrika | Ratio estimation under two-phase simple random sampling is studied. A new linearisation variance estimator that makes more complete use of the sample data than a standard one is proposed. A jackknife variance estimator and its linearised version are also obtained. Unconditional and conditional repeated sampling properties of these variance estimators are studied through simulation. Applications to 'mass' imputation under two-phase sampling and deterministic imputation for missing data are also given. © 1995 Biometrika Trust. | ["Rao J.N.K.", "Sitter R.R."] | ["56655649300", "7004391164"] | 1,995 | 73 | ["Jackknife variance estimation", "Linearisation variance estimation", "Mass imputation", "Ratio imputation", "Uniform response"] | 10.1093/biomet/82.2.453 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017592", "name": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5 B6, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ottawa, K1S 5 B6, Canada", "departmentId": "105355797"}] |
1,204 | 68,058 | Spectral moments of the edge adjacency matrix in molecular graphs. 1. Definition and applications to the prediction of physical properties of alkanes | Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences | A novel graph theoretical invariant based on the spectral moments of the edge adjacency matrix (E) is proposed. Spectral moments of the E matrix are used to describe seven physical properties of alkanes. All the regression models found are very significant from the statistical point of view. The spectral moments are expressed as linear combinations of the different structural fragments of the molecular graph. The use of the substructural approach for the description of seven physical properties of alkanes is also proved. The results obtained are interpreted in term of structural features of molecules. | ["Estrada E."] | ["7005488279"] | 1,996 | 176 | [] | 10.1021/ci950187r | Article | English | [{"id": "60052951", "name": "Depto. de Diseño de Farmacos, Centro de Bioactivos Químicos, Universidad Central de Las Villas, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba", "fullName": "Depto. de Diseño de Farmacos, Centro de Bioactivos Químicos, Universidad Central de Las Villas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba", "departmentId": "104719127"}] |
1,205 | 68,061 | Resonances in curved quantum wires | Physics Letters A | A two-dimensional model of electron motion in a curved quantum wire of length 2D attached to a pair of macroscopic electrodes is studied. The wire is regarded as infinitely thin and supports a potential which is a combination of a constant transversal-mode energy and an attractive curvature-induced term. The system is shown to have at least one resonance which exhibits spectral concentration as D→∞. © 1989. | ["Exner P."] | ["56962781900"] | 1,989 | 28 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(89)90470-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031135", "name": "Nuclear Physics Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 25068 Řež near Prague, Czech Republic", "fullName": "Nuclear Physics Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "25068 Řež near Prague, Czech Republic", "departmentId": "103148536"}] |
1,206 | 68,072 | A novel iterative strategy for protein design | Journal of Chemical Physics | We propose and discuss a novel strategy for protein design. The method is based on recent theoretical advancements which showed the importance to treat carefully the conformational free energy of designed sequences. In this work we show how computational cost can be kept to a minimum by encompassing negative design features, i.e., isolating a small number of structures that compete significantly with the target one for being occupied at low temperature. The method is successfully tested on minimalist protein models and using a variety of amino acid interaction potentials. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. | ["Rossi A.", "Maritan A.", "Micheletti C."] | ["55335787400", "7004408571", "7003434202"] | 2,000 | 9 | [] | 10.1063/1.480766 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012227", "name": "International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and INFM, 34014 Trieste, Via Beirut 2-4, Italy", "fullName": "International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and INFM", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "34014 Trieste, Via Beirut 2-4, Italy", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60031745", "name": "The Abdus Salam Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy", "fullName": "The Abdus Salam Centre for Theoretical Physics", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Trieste, Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
1,207 | 68,099 | Multi-peak solutions for a wide class of singular perturbation problems | Journal of the London Mathematical Society | This paper concerns a wide class of singular perturbation problems arising from such diverse fields as phase transitions, chemotaxis, pattern formation, population dynamics and chemical reaction theory. The corresponding elliptic equations in a bounded domain without any symmetry assumptions are studied. It is assumed that the mean curvature of the boundary has M̄ isolated, non-degenerate critical points. Then it is shown that for any positive integer M ≤ M̄ there exists a stationary solution with M local peaks which are attained on the boundary and which lie close to these critical points. The method is based on Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction. | ["Wei J.", "Winter M."] | ["7403084328", "7202444346"] | 1,999 | 69 | [] | 10.1112/S002461079900719X | Article | English | [] |
1,208 | 68,231 | Wavelet-Based feature extraction from océanographie images | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing | Features in satellite images of the oceans often have weak edges. These images also have a significant amount of noise, which is either due to the clouds or atmospheric humidity. The presence of noise compounds the problems associated with the detection of features, as the use of any traditional noise removal technique will also result in the removal of weak edges. Recently, there have been rapid advances in image processing as a result of the development of the mathematical theory of wavelet transforms. This theory led to multifrequency channel decomposition of images, which further led to the evolution of important algorithms for the reconstruction of images at various resolutions from the decompositions. The possibility of analyzing images at various resolutions can be useful not only in the suppression of noise, but also in the detection of fine features and their classification. This paper presents a new computational scheme based on multiresolution decomposition for extracting the features of interest from the océanographie images by suppressing the noise. The multiresolution analysis from the median presented by Starck-Murtagh-Bijaoui [4], [5] is used for the noise suppression. © 1998 IEEE. | ["Simhadri K.K.", "Lyengar S.S.", "Holyer R.J.", "Lybanon M.", "Zachary Jr. J.M."] | ["6503968682", "14320321100", "6603761595", "6603934237", "7006048771"] | 1,998 | 0 | ["Edge detection", "Feature extraction", "Image processing", "Multiresolution", "Noise suppression", "Wavelet transform"] | 10.1109/36.673670 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007566", "name": "Robotics Research Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States", "fullName": "Robotics Research Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States", "departmentId": "109693274"}] |
1,209 | 68,323 | Riesz points and Weyl's theorem | Integral Equations and Operator Theory | Let σW(T) denote the Weyl spectrum of a bounded linear operator T, and let σ(T) be the usual spectrum of T. In this paper, a version of the classical Weyl' s Theorem is studied. Specifically, the following question is considered: Under what conditions is it true that σW(T) = σ(T)\{the set of Riesz points of T} ? | ["Barnes B.A."] | ["7102826038"] | 1,999 | 39 | [] | 10.1007/BF01236471 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012317", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Oregon", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Eugene, OR 97403, United States", "departmentId": "103650767"}] |
1,210 | 68,326 | Robust principal components | Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation | This paper proposes a new algorithm to obtain an eigenvalue decomposition for the sample covariance matrix of a multivariate dataset. The algorithm is based on the rotation technique employed by Ammann and Van Ness (1988a,b) to obtain a robust solution to an errors-in-variables problem. When this rotation technique is combined with an iterative reweighting of the data, a robust eigenvalue decomposition is obtained. This robust eigenvalue decomposition has important applications to principal component analysis. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to compare ordinary principal component analysis using the standard eigenvalue decomposition with this algorithm, referred to as ROPRC. It is seen that ROPRC is reasonably efficient compared to an eigenvalue decomposition when Gaussian data is available, and that ROPRC is much better than the eigenvalue decomposition if outliers are present or if the data has a heavy-tailed distribution. The algorithm returns useful numerical diagnostic information in the form of a matrix of weights that describes the importance of each observation in the determination of each of the principal components. These weights are used to obtain robust estimates of the eigenvalues and the underlying covariance structure of the data. An example is given to illustrate the use of ROPRC and to compare its results with standard principal component analysis. © 1989, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Animann L.P."] | ["57005388300"] | 1,989 | 6 | ["eigenvalue decomposition", "factor analysis", "muilivariate analysis", "principal component analysis", "robust principal components"] | 10.1080/03610918908812795 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009415", "name": "Programs Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083488, P.O. Box 830688, United States", "fullName": "Programs Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Richardson, TX 75083488, P.O. Box 830688, United States", "departmentId": "103514051"}] |
1,211 | 68,535 | Flory theory of polymeric fractals - intersection, saturation and condensation | Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications | We consider swelling effects of polymeric fractals, recently introduced by Cates, by usual simple Flory arguments for the free energy. The Flory arguments can be formulated to give a unified view for all polymers, linear, branched, or percolation clusters, as long they are of fractal connectivity. If the size of solvent molecules, being fractals themselves, is comparable to the given cluster, new values of the fractal dimensions can be found. The upper critical dimension is reduced. This is due to usual screening of the excluded volume. By standing overlap and repulsive energies of fractals of different fractal dimensions we find condensation to non-fractal objects depending on the value of the fracton dimension. A melt of polymeric fractals of the same fractal dimension and the same size becomes compact if the spectral dimension exceeds a "critical" value. These considerations are of relevance concerning recent experiments, considering static and dynamic properties of mixtures of microgels and linear polymers of different or equal sizes. © 1988. | ["Vilgis T.A."] | ["7006623989"] | 1,988 | 65 | [] | 10.1016/0378-4371(88)90228-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030637", "name": "Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-6500 Mainz, PO-Box 3148, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-6500 Mainz, PO-Box 3148, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,212 | 68,546 | Information, trading, and volatility | Journal of Financial Economics | We examine the effects of trading and information flows on the short-run behavior of stock prices by comparing the behavior of stock return volatility during trading and nontrading periods. We define nontrading periods as periods when exchanges and businesses are open but traders endogenously choose not to trade. After correcting for the bid/ask bounce and stickiness in quotes, we find that a large proportion of daily stock return volatility occurs without trades, especially for large firms. Furthermore, we provide new evidence that public (versus private) information is the major source of short-term return volatility. © 1994. | ["Jones C.M.", "Kaul G.", "Lipson M.L."] | ["55474251600", "7003998027", "7007128352"] | 1,994 | 86 | ["Information", "Market micro-structure", "Return volatility", "Trading"] | 10.1016/0304-405X(94)90032-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025778", "name": "School of Business Administration, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1234, United States", "fullName": "School of Business Administration, University of Michigan", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1234, United States", "departmentId": "104308490"}] |
1,213 | 68,554 | On using time-averaging restraints in molecular dynamics simulation | Journal of Biomolecular NMR | Introducing experimental values as restraints into molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to bias the values of particular molecular properties, such as nuclear Overhauser effect intensities or distances, <sup>3</sup>J coupling constants, chemical shifts or crystallographic structure factors, towards experimental values is a widely used structure refinement method. To account for the averaging of experimentally derived quantities inherent in the experimental techniques, time-averaging restraining methods may be used. In the case of structure refinement using <sup>3</sup>J coupling constants from NMR experiments, time-averaging methods previously proposed can suffer from large artificially induced structural fluctuations. A modified time-averaged restraining potential energy function is proposed which overcomes this problem. The different possible approaches are compared using stochastic dynamics simulations of antamanide, a cyclic peptide of ten residues. | ["Scott W.R.P.", "Mark A.E.", "Van Gunsteren W.F."] | ["7403223806", "7202572735", "25935439000"] | 1,998 | 20 | ["Computer simulation", "J-coupling constants", "Molecular dynamics", "Structure refinement", "Time-averaging restraints"] | 10.1023/A:1008306732538 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025858", "name": "Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zentrum, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland", "fullName": "Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zentrum", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland", "departmentId": "112798188"}] |
1,214 | 68,796 | Constrained tracking control of nonlinear systems | Systems and Control Letters | The problem of tracking control for nonlinear systems subject to bounded-control constraints is considered. A novel nonlinear, continuous-time, predictive control approach is taken. Control laws are obtained for both nonlinear systems that are affine in the control and general nonlinear systems. Efficient and reliable algorithms based on contraction mapping theorems are devised for on-line implementation. Illustrative examples are provided. | ["Lu P."] | ["51564205800"] | 1,996 | 59 | ["Contraction mapping", "Nonlinear programming", "Nonlinear system", "Predictive control", "Tracking control"] | 10.1016/0167-6911(95)00075-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60004354", "name": "Dept. Aerosp. Eng. Eng. Mechanics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States", "fullName": "Dept. Aerosp. Eng. Eng. Mechanics, Iowa State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ames, IA 50011, United States", "departmentId": "103264558"}] |
1,215 | 68,836 | Quantized bulk scalar fields in the Randall-Sundrum brane model | Nuclear Physics B | We examine the lowest order quantum corrections to the effective action arising from a quantized real scalar field in the Randall-Sundrum background spacetime. The leading term is the familiar vacuum, or Casimir, energy density. The next term represents an induced gravity term that can renormalize the 4-dimensional Newtonian gravitational constant. The calculations are performed for an arbitrary spacetime dimension. Two inequivalent boundary conditions, corresponding to twisted and untwisted field configurations, are considered. A careful discussion of the regularization and renormalization of the effective action is given, with the relevant counterterms found. It is shown that the requirement of self-consistency of the Randall-Sundrum solution is not simply a matter of minimizing the Casimir energy density. The massless, conformally coupled scalar field results are obtained as a special limiting case of our results. We clarify a number of differences with previous work. | ["Flachi A.", "Toms D.J."] | ["6602521040", "7003413179"] | 2,001 | 98 | ["04.50.+h", "04.62.+v", "11.10.Kk", "11.25.Mj", "Brane models", "Extra dimensions", "Quantum fields"] | 10.1016/S0550-3213(01)00314-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006222", "name": "Department of Physics, Univ. Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Univ. Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103352723"}] |
1,216 | 68,843 | Convergence in weighted supremum norms of the skorokhod representation of the estimated empirical process | Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods | Anderson and Darling (1952) introduced their test with a weight function which is the reciprocal of the variance of the empirical process. The fact that this weight function is not integrable was a source of problems, and in spite of the large amount of works that have been done there is no a rigorous proof of the asymptotic distribution of the Anderson–Darling statistics when the parameters are estimated. In this paper following ideas and using results of Shorack and Wellner (1986) we prove that under appropiate regularity conditions there exists a Skorokhod representation of the estimated empirical process which converges to this process in a weighted supremum norm. Using this representation it is strighfoward to prove rigorously that the asymptotic distribution of the Anderson—Darling statistics is a infinite linear combination of independent one degree of freedom chi square random variables. © 1995, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Viollaz A.J."] | ["24558396000"] | 1,995 | 4 | ["Anderson-Darling goodness-of-fit test", "empirical process", "Skorokhod representation", "weighted morm convergence"] | 10.1080/03610929508831653 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003933", "name": "Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, 4000 Tucumán, Avenida Independencia 1800, Argentina", "fullName": "Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "4000 Tucumán, Avenida Independencia 1800, Argentina", "departmentId": null}] |
1,217 | 68,861 | Simulation of diffusion in a two-dimensional lattice-gas cellular automaton: A test of mode-coupling theory | Physical Review Letters | We compute the velocity autocorrelation function of a tagged particle in a two-dimensional lattice-gas cellular automaton using a method that is about a million times more efficient than existing techniques. A t-1 algebraic tail in the tagged-particle velocity autocorrelation function is clearly observed. The amplitude of this tail is predicted to within a few percent by a lattice-gas version of mode-coupling theory. The magnitude of logarithmic corrections to the t-1 tail is much smaller than expected for continuous fluids. © 1989 The American Physical Society. | ["Frenkel D.", "Ernst M.H."] | ["7005702293", "15131074400"] | 1,989 | 68 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevLett.63.2165 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005398", "name": "FOM Institute, Atomic and Molecular Physics, 1009 DB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 41883, Netherlands", "fullName": "FOM Institute, Atomic and Molecular Physics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1009 DB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 41883, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60007989", "name": "Institute for Theoretical Physics, 3508 TA Utrecht, P.O. Box 80.006, Netherlands", "fullName": "Institute for Theoretical Physics", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "3508 TA Utrecht, P.O. Box 80.006, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}] |
1,218 | 68,971 | Nonnegativity of uncertain polynomials | Mathematical Problems in Engineering | The purpose of this paper is to derive tests for robust nonnegativity of scalar and matrix polynomials, which are algebraic, recursive, and can be completed in finite number of steps. Polytopic families of polynomials are considered with various characterizations of parameter uncertainty including affine, multilinear, and polynomic structures. The zero exclusion condition for polynomial positivity is also proposed for general parameter dependencies. By reformulating the robust stability problem of complex polynomials as positivity of real polynomials, we obtain new sufficient conditions for robust stability involving multilinear structures, which can be tested using only real arithmetic. The obtained results are applied to robust matrix factorization, strict positive realness, and absolute stability of multivariable systems involving parameter dependent transfer function matrices. | ["Šiljak D.D.", "Šiljak M.D."] | ["7005613822", "6507355622"] | 1,998 | 9 | ["Absolute stability", "Interval polynomials", "Matrix polynomials", "Polytope families", "Uncertain parameters"] | 10.1155/S1024123X98000763 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010451", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA 95053, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Santa Clara University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Santa Clara, CA 95053, United States", "departmentId": "108344775"}, {"id": "60012708", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Stanford, CA 94305, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,219 | 69,049 | Silicon-doped gallium arsenide grown from gallium solution: Silicon site distribution | Journal of Applied Physics | null | ["Spitzer W.G.", "Panish M.B."] | ["7101656950", "7003988917"] | 1,969 | 50 | [] | 10.1063/1.1657165 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029311", "name": "Materials Science and Electrical Engineering Departments, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States", "fullName": "Materials Science and Electrical Engineering Departments, University of Southern California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States", "departmentId": "105220741"}, {"id": "60021378", "name": "Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ 07974, United States", "fullName": "Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, NJ 07974, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,220 | 69,081 | Aperiodic stochastic resonance | Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics | Stochastic resonance (SR) is a phenomenon wherein the response of a nonlinear system to a weak periodic input signal is optimized by the presence of a particular level of noise. Recently, we presented a method and theory for characterizing SR-type behavior in excitable systems with aperiodic (i.e., broadband) input signals [Phys. Rev. E 52, R3321(1995)]. We coined the term aperiodic stochastic resonance (ASR) to describe this general type of behavior. In that earlier study, we demonstrated ASR in the FitzHugh-Nagumo neuronal model. Here we demonstrate ASR in three additional systems: a bistable-well system, an integrate-and-fire neuronal model, and the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neuronal model. We present computational and theoretical results for each system. In the context of the HH model, we develop a general theory for ASR in excitable membranes. This work clearly shows that SR-type behavior is not limited to systems with periodic inputs. Thus, in general, noise can serve to enhance the response of a nonlinear system to a weak input signal, regardless of whether the signal is periodic or aperiodic. © 1996 The American Physical Society. | ["Collins J.J.", "Chow C.C.", "Capela A.C.", "Imhoff T.T."] | ["35478063700", "7402578443", "6603118727", "6602090407"] | 1,996 | 283 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.5575 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019674", "name": "NeuroMuscular Research Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, Cummington Street 44, United States", "fullName": "NeuroMuscular Research Center, Boston University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Boston, MA, 02215, Cummington Street 44, United States", "departmentId": "104002377"}, {"id": "60019674", "name": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, Cummington Street 44, United States", "fullName": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Boston, MA, 02215, Cummington Street 44, United States", "departmentId": "113743216"}] |
1,221 | 69,089 | Universal service: obligation or opportunity? | Telecommunications Policy | This Comment discusses the main issues raised at a recent workshop on the universal service obligation. In a competitive environment is there a need to rethink what we mean by the terms 'universal service' and 'universal service obligation'? How much does it cost and who is going to pay for it? And what will universal service mean in future in the era of the information superhighway? © 1995. | ["Blackman C.R."] | ["24315430800"] | 1,995 | 0 | [] | 10.1016/0308-5961(94)00020-S | Note | English | [{"id": null, "name": "The author is a consultant and Editor of Telecommunications Policy UK", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,222 | 69,209 | On the applications of the interacting multiple model algorithm for enhancing noisy speech | IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing | The interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm is applied to enhancing speech contaminated by additive white or colored noise. Noisy speech is modeled by a linear state-space model with Markovian switching parameters. The parameters are estimated from the training speech and noise processes. The simulation results shows that the proposed method offers performance gains relative to the previous results [4] with slightly increased complexity. © 2000 IEEE. | ["Kim J.B.", "Lee K.Y.", "Lee C.W."] | ["51963935900", "57218185565", "56329991300"] | 2,000 | 14 | ["Interacting multiple model markovian switching", "Speech enhancement"] | 10.1109/89.841217 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003780", "name": "Telecommunication R and D Center, Samsung Electronics Co., Kyunggi-Do, 463-050, South Korea", "fullName": "Telecommunication R and D Center, Samsung Electronics Co.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Kyunggi-Do, 463-050, South Korea", "departmentId": "106563390"}, {"id": "60014156", "name": "Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Soongsil University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Seoul 156-743, South Korea", "departmentId": "103732576"}, {"id": "60013682", "name": "Department of Electronics Engineering, Institute of New Media and Communication, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Electronics Engineering, Institute of New Media and Communication, Seoul National University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Seoul 151-742, South Korea", "departmentId": "100257682"}] |
1,223 | 69,254 | Monodisperse sprays for various purposes - Their production and characteristics | Particle and Particle Systems Characterization | The production of liquid sprays represents a key technology for a wide range of industrial processes. Most applications currently use pressure or air-assisted atomization, resulting in the production of polydisperse sprays. Recent advances in experimental and numerical techniques for investigating liquid spraying processes, however, have enabled a closer examination of parameter optimization, leading to the conclusion that in many cases, a much narrower size distribution, or even a monodisperse spray, may exhibit many advantages. Currently monodisperse droplet generators, or drop-on-demand generators, do not meet this challenge of producing monodisperse sprays, primarily owing to the very low volume flow rate of liquid which is atomized. In the present work, a monodisperse spray generator is introduced, which overcomes this difficulty for many applications. | ["Brenn G.", "Durst F.", "Tropea C."] | ["7003563178", "7103084595", "35586457500"] | 1,996 | 31 | [] | 10.1002/ppsc.19960130303 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000765", "name": "Lehrst. F. Strömungsmechanik, Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Cauerstraße 4, Germany", "fullName": "Lehrst. F. Strömungsmechanik, Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-91058 Erlangen, Cauerstraße 4, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,224 | 69,295 | Nonparametric lag selection for time series | Journal of Time Series Analysis | A nonparametric version of the Final Prediction Error (FPE) is analysed for lag selection in nonlinear autoregressive time series under very general conditions including heteroskedasticity. We prove consistency and derive probabilities of incorrect selections that have been previously unavailable. Since it is more likely to overfit (have too many lags) than to underfit (miss some lags), a correction factor is proposed to reduce overfitting and hence increase correct fitting. For the FPE calculation, the local linear estimator is introduced in addition to the Nadaraya-Watson estimator in order to cover a very broad class of processes. To achieve faster computation, a plug-in bandwidth is suggested for the local linear estimator. Our Monte-Carlo study corroborates that the correction factor generally improves the probability of correct lag selection for both linear and nonlinear processes and that the plug-in bandwidth works at least as well as its commonly used competitor. The proposed methods are applied to the Canadian lynx data and daily returns of DM/US-Dollar exchange rates. | ["Tschernig R.", "Yang L."] | ["6506574921", "10044195200"] | 2,000 | 43 | ["Consistency", "Final prediction error", "Foreign exchange rates", "Heteroskedasticity", "Nonlinear autoregression", "Overfitting", "Plug-in bandwidth", "Underfitting"] | 10.1111/1467-9892.00193 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000762", "name": "Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany", "fullName": "Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60031707", "name": "Michigan State University, United States", "fullName": "Michigan State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,225 | 69,303 | Finite-connectivity systems as error-correcting codes | Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics | We investigate the performance of parity check codes using the mapping onto Ising spin systems proposed by Sourlas [Nature (London) [Formula Presented] 693 (1989); Europhys. Lett. [Formula Presented] 159 (1994)]. We study codes where each parity check comprises products of K bits selected from the original digital message with exactly C checks per message bit. We show, using the replica method, that these codes saturate Shannon’s coding bound for [Formula Presented] when the code rate [Formula Presented] is finite. We then examine the finite temperature case to assess the use of simulated annealing methods for decoding, study the performance of the finite K case, and extend the analysis to accommodate different types of noisy channels. The connection between statistical physics and belief propagation decoders is discussed and the dynamics of the decoding itself is analyzed. Further insight into new approaches for improving the code performance is given. © 1999 The American Physical Society. | ["Vicente R.", "Saad D.", "Kabashima Y."] | ["7005480217", "7006268913", "7004020076"] | 1,999 | 32 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevE.60.5352 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014551", "name": "The Neural Computing Research Group, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom", "fullName": "The Neural Computing Research Group, Aston University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103754498"}, {"id": "60031126", "name": "Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Yokohama, 226, Japan", "departmentId": "104582056"}] |
1,226 | 69,308 | Bounded Bose Fields | Letters in Mathematical Physics | Examples for bounded Bose fields in two dimensions are presented. | ["Rehren K.-H."] | ["6701463620"] | 1,997 | 4 | ["Bose fields", "Vertex operators"] | 10.1023/A:1007368012557 | Article | English | [{"id": "60028229", "name": "II. Inst. F. Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany", "fullName": "II. Inst. F. Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-22761 Hamburg, Germany", "departmentId": "113542426"}] |
1,227 | 69,404 | Lattice diffusion creep mechanism not based on vacancy concentration gradient | Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaishi/Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals | null | ["Itoh G.", "Nojima A."] | ["7005347821", "6603651109"] | 1,998 | 2 | ["Creep rate expression", "Diffusion creep", "Diffusion mechanism", "Einstein's equation", "Lattice diffusion creep"] | 10.2320/jinstmet1952.62.12_1206 | Article | Japanese | [{"id": "60018352", "name": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan", "departmentId": "113329140"}, {"id": "60018352", "name": "Nagaoka University of Technology, Japan", "fullName": "Nagaoka University of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Japan", "departmentId": null}] |
1,228 | 69,421 | From discrete to continuous Painlevé equations: A bilinear approach | Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics | We present the bilinear forms of the (continuous) Painlevé equations obtained from the continuous limit of the analogous expressions for the discrete ones. The advantage of this method is that it leads to very symmetrical results. A new and interesting result is the bilinearization of the P<sub>VI</sub> equation, something that was missing till now. | ["Ohta Y.", "Ramani A.", "Grammaticos B.", "Tamizhmani K.M."] | ["7403675340", "7005427973", "7004949154", "6701792955"] | 1,996 | 14 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(96)00292-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030788", "name": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Higashi-Hiroshima 739, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Japan", "departmentId": "104558510"}, {"id": "60008134", "name": "CPT, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, UPR 14, 91128 Palaiseau, France", "fullName": "CPT, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, UPR 14", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "91128 Palaiseau, France", "departmentId": "126103388"}, {"id": "60123796", "name": "LPN, Université Paris VII, 75251 Paris, Tour 24-14, 5ème étage, France", "fullName": "LPN, Université Paris VII", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "75251 Paris, Tour 24-14, 5ème étage, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60013919", "name": "Departement of Mathematics, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, 605104, India", "fullName": "Departement of Mathematics, Pondicherry University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Kalapet, Pondicherry, 605104, India", "departmentId": "103721660"}] |
1,229 | 69,422 | Iterative design of time-varying stabilizers for multi-input systems in chained form | Systems and Control Letters | This paper proposes an alternative solution to the global stabilization of nonholonomic multi-input chained form systems investigated in recent contributions [13, 18]. A systematic design, which is reminiscent of integrator backstepping methods, is presented to generate a new class of smooth time-varying dynamic stabilizers. The proof of stability is straightforward and the algorithm finds its application in adaptive control of nonholonomic systems and tracking control of mobile robot. | ["Jiang Z.-P."] | ["7404279463"] | 1,996 | 155 | ["Chained nonholonomic systems", "Global stabilization", "Integrator backstepping", "Time-varying controller"] | 10.1016/0167-6911(96)00029-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008950", "name": "Department of Systems Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia", "fullName": "Department of Systems Engineering, Australian National University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia", "departmentId": "114052107"}] |
1,230 | 69,558 | A QCD analysis of HERA and fixed target structure function data | European Physical Journal C | The parton momentum density distributions of the proton are determined from a next-to-leading order QCD analysis of structure functions measured HERA and by fixed target experiments. Also included are data on the difference of the up and down anti-quark distributions. The uncertainties in the parton densities, structure functions and related cross sections are estimated from the experimental errors and those on the input parameters of the fit. Several QCD predictions based on the parton densities obtained from this analysis are calculated and compared to data. | ["Botje M."] | ["7003683149"] | 2,000 | 95 | [] | 10.1007/s100520000358 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023824", "name": "NIKHEF, 1009 DB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 41882, Netherlands", "fullName": "NIKHEF", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1009 DB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 41882, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}] |
1,231 | 69,675 | Allylic and Homoallylic Exciton Coupled CD: A Sensitive Method for Determining the Absolute Stereochemistry of Natural Products | Journal of Organic Chemistry | null | ["Humpf H.-U.", "Berova N.", "Nakanishi K.", "Jarstfer M.B.", "Poulter C.D."] | ["26642988300", "35447220400", "57210240630", "6603505406", "7101657279"] | 1,995 | 30 | [] | 10.1021/jo00116a048 | Note | English | [{"id": "60030162", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Columbia University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New York, New York 10027, United States", "departmentId": "113511789"}, {"id": "60025488", "name": "Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, University of Utah", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States", "departmentId": "104290995"}] |
1,232 | 69,711 | Partially mobile capital. A general approach to two-sector trade theory | Journal of International Economics | This paper develops a general approach to factor mobility in two-sector, general equilibrium models. Capital is partially mobile if reallocation involves the movement of physical capital goods that are at a comparative disadvantage in supplying efficiency units to the expanding sector, relative to units previously installed there. The Hecksher-Ohlin-Samuelson model and the sector-specific-capital model are special cases of this more general model. The degree of capital mobility, which is measured by the percentage loss in efficiency that is incurred in transferring the marginal unit of capital, is shown to be an important determinant of the response of factor prices and industry outputs to changes in commodity prices and factor endowments. © 1983. | ["Grossman G.M."] | ["7102260431"] | 1,983 | 45 | [] | 10.1016/0022-1996(83)90038-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003269", "name": "Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States", "fullName": "Princeton University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Princeton, NJ 08540, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,233 | 69,805 | Effective Tutoring Techniques: A Comparison of Human Tutors and Intelligent Tutoring Systems | Journal of the Learning Sciences | There has been much debate about instructional strategies for computerized learning environments. Many of the arguments designed to choose between the various philosophies have appealed, at least implicitly, to the behavior of effective human teachers. In this article, we compare the guidance and support offered by human tutors with that offered by intelligent tutoring systems. First, we review research on human tutoring strategies in various domains. Then we investigate the capabilities of a widely used technique for providing feedback, model tracing. Finally, we contrast the types of guidance and support provided by human tutors with those in intelligent tutoring systems, by examining the process of recovering from impasses encountered during problem solving. In general, the support offered by human tutors is more flexible and more subtle than that offered by model tracing tutors, but the two are more similar than sometimes argued. © 1992, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Merrill D.C.", "Reiser B.J.", "Trafton J.G.", "Ranney M."] | ["56987333700", "7003903126", "6701827368", "7003336662"] | 1,992 | 0 | [] | 10.1207/s15327809jls0203_2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003269", "name": "Princeton University, United States", "fullName": "Princeton University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025038", "name": "University of California-Berkeley, United States", "fullName": "University of California-Berkeley", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,234 | 69,809 | Majority gates vs. general weighted threshold gates | Computational Complexity | In this paper we study small depth circuits that contain threshold gates (with or without weights) and parity gates. All circuits we consider are of polynomial size. We prove several results which complete the work on characterizing possible inclusions between many classes defined by small depth circuits. These results are the following: 1. A single threshold gate with weights cannot in general be replaced by a polynomial fan-in unweighted threshold gate of parity gates. 2. On the other hand it can be replaced by a depth 2 unweighted threshold circuit of polynomial size. An extension of this construction is used to prove that whatever can be computed by a depth d polynomial size threshold circuit with weights can be computed by a depth d+1 polynomial size unweighted threshold circuit, where d is an arbitrary fixed integer. 3. A polynomial fan-in threshold gate (with weights) of parity gates cannot in general be replaced by a depth 2 unweighted threshold circuit of polynomial size. © 1992 Birkhäuser Verlag. | ["Goldmann M.", "Håstad J.", "Razborov A."] | ["57206283283", "7004980153", "7004103561"] | 1,992 | 117 | ["circuit complexity", "lower bounds", "majority circuits", "Subject classifications: 68Q15", "threshold circuits"] | 10.1007/BF01200426 | Article | English | [{"id": "60002014", "name": "Department of Numerical Analysis and Computing Science, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, S-100 44, Sweden", "fullName": "Department of Numerical Analysis and Computing Science, Royal Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stockholm, S-100 44, Sweden", "departmentId": "103153316"}, {"id": "60029374", "name": "Steklov Mathematical Institute, Moscow, 117966, GSP-1, Vavilova, 42, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Steklov Mathematical Institute", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Moscow, 117966, GSP-1, Vavilova, 42, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
1,235 | 69,877 | β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with adamantane Intermolecular <sup>1</sup>H{<sup>1</sup>H} NOE determinations and molecular mechanics calculations | Journal of Molecular Structure | NOE experiments on the β-cyclodextrin (CD) /adamantane complex unequivocally demonstrate that the guest is inside the host cavity. Molecular mechanics calculations indicate the absence of preference by the guest for one single orientation. The host/guest supermolecule has been fully optimized and results show that adamantane is in the narrower half of the β-CD torus. © 1991. | ["Jaime C.", "Redondo J.", "Sánchez-Ferrando F.", "Virgili A."] | ["7003974855", "57202319914", "6701839175", "7005390966"] | 1,991 | 42 | [] | 10.1016/0022-2860(91)80039-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023020", "name": "Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain", "fullName": "Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain", "departmentId": "100292998"}] |
1,236 | 69,882 | Tricritical behavior of a mixed spin- 1 2 and spin-2 Ising system | Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications | The phase diagram of a mixed spin- 1 2 and spin-2 Ising system is investigated by the use of the effective-field theory. The general expression for evaluating the transition temperature and the tricritical point is obtained. We find that the tricritical point exists in the system when the coordination number z is larger than z = 3. © 1994. | ["Kaneyoshi T."] | ["7004617232"] | 1,994 | 42 | [] | 10.1016/0378-4371(94)90229-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000264", "name": "Department of Natural Science Informatics, School of Informatics and Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-01, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Natural Science Informatics, School of Informatics and Sciences, Nagoya University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Nagoya, 464-01, Japan", "departmentId": "103051219"}] |
1,237 | 69,899 | Global properties of supermanifolds | Communications in Mathematical Physics | We construct new examples of supermanifolds, and determine the vector bundle structure of the supermanifolds commonly used in physics. We show that any supermanifold admits a foliation whose leaves are locally tangent to the soul directions in the coordinate charts, and which is one of a nested sequence of foliations. We point out that the existence of these foliations implies restrictions on the possible topologies of supermanifolds. For example, a compact supermanifold with a single even dimension must have vanishing Euler characteristic. We also show that a globally defined superfield on a "nice" compact supermanifold must be constant along the leaves of the foliations. By this mechanism, the global topology of a supermanifold can be used to impose physically interesting constraints on superfields. As an example, we exhibit a supermanifold which has the local geometry of flat superspace but is such that all globally defined superfields are chiral. © 1985 Springer-Verlag. | ["Rabin J.M.", "Crane L."] | ["7005993599", "56233778200"] | 1,985 | 29 | [] | 10.1007/BF01212690 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025597", "name": "The Enrico Fermi Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States", "fullName": "The Enrico Fermi Institute of the University of Chicago", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Chicago, 60637, IL, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60029278", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Chicago", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Chicago, 60637, IL, United States", "departmentId": "104479145"}] |
1,238 | 69,912 | A new method for solving algebraic systems of positive dimension | Discrete Applied Mathematics | A new algorithm is presented for solving algebraic systems of equations, which is designed from the structure which is wanted for the result. This algorithm is not yet implemented; thus technical details and proofs are omitted, for emphasizing on the relations between the algorithm design and a good representation of the result. The algorithm is based on a new theorem of decomposition for algebraic varieties. © 1991. | ["Lazard D."] | ["6603994273"] | 1,991 | 80 | [] | 10.1016/0166-218X(91)90113-B | Article | English | [{"id": "60001422", "name": "Boite Postale 168, Université Paris VI, 4, place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,239 | 69,960 | Solitonic excitations in the Haldane phase of an S=1 chain | Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter | We study low-lying excitations in the 1D S=1 antiferromagnetic valence-bond-solid (VBS) model. In a numerical calculation on finite systems the lowest excitations are found to form a discrete triplet branch, separated from the higher-lying continuum. The dispersion of these triplet excitations can be satisfactorily reproduced by assuming approximate wavefunctions. These wavefunctions are shown to correspond to moving hidden domain walls, i.e. to one-soliton excitations. | ["Fath G.", "Solyom J."] | ["6603013416", "12781013800"] | 1,993 | 55 | [] | 10.1088/0953-8984/5/48/009 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003548", "name": "Res. Inst. for Solid State Phys., Budapest, Hungary", "fullName": "Res. Inst. for Solid State Phys.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Budapest, Hungary", "departmentId": null}] |
1,240 | 70,068 | Computer algebra algorithms and routines for the computation of conservation laws and fixing of gauge in differential expressions | Journal of Symbolic Computation | In this paper we present three different approaches for the determination of conservation laws. For three corresponding REDUCE computer algebra programs CONLAW1/2/3 the necessary subroutines are described. All three programs use subroutines which remove redundant functions and constants in the general solution of the conservation law conditions. The corresponding algorithm is explained. Such a program is not only applicable in the context of computing conservation laws but whenever redundancy in differential expressions is to be removed or gauge freedom to be fixed. © 1999 Academic Press. | ["Wolf T.", "Brand A.", "Mohammadzadeh M."] | ["57210455049", "36882066400", "8526063000"] | 1,999 | 33 | [] | 10.1006/jsco.1998.0250 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022109", "name": "Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, London E1 4NS, Mile End Road, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London E1 4NS, Mile End Road, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60029507", "name": "Institut für Informatik, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Germany", "fullName": "Institut für Informatik, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Germany", "departmentId": "109456295"}, {"id": "60005096", "name": "Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Engineering, University of Teacher Education, Tehran, 49 Mofateh Ave, Iran", "fullName": "Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Engineering, University of Teacher Education", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Tehran, 49 Mofateh Ave, Iran", "departmentId": "103296044"}] |
1,241 | 70,111 | Novel approach of adaptive feedback cancellation for hearing aids | Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems | In this paper, a band-limited adaptive adaptive feedback cancellation algorithm for hearing aids is proposed. Utilizing the characteristics of the feedback oscillation, the algorithm provides better cancellation efficiency, convergence behavior and, hence, better output sound quality than the widely-used wideband feedback cancellation schemes. | ["Chi Hsiang-Feng", "Gao Shawn X.", "Soli Sigfrid D."] | ["7102258769", "7403258114", "6603929328"] | 1,999 | 10 | [] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60027550", "name": "Univ of California, Los Angeles, United States", "fullName": "Univ of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,242 | 70,126 | A dynamical resolution of the sigma term puzzle | Nuclear Physics, Section B | We propose a resolution of the puzzle posed by the discrepancy between the value of the pion-nucleon sigma term inferred from pion-nucleon scattering, and that deduced from baryon mass splittings using the Zweig rule. We show that there is a significant hypercharge-dependent dynamical contribution to baryon masses which may be estimated by the solution of the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the quark self-energy. This contribution alters the relationship between baryon mass splittings and the sigma term, completely resolving the discrepancy without any need for Zweig rule violation. © 1994. | ["Ball R.D.", "Forte S.", "Tigg J."] | ["7402426086", "7005972872", "16455938400"] | 1,994 | 3 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90210-0 | Article | English | [{"id": "60026851", "name": "Theoretical Physics, Oxford, OX1 3NP, 1 Keble Road, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Theoretical Physics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Oxford, OX1 3NP, 1 Keble Road, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60114686", "name": "INFN, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Turin, via P. Giuria 1, Italy", "fullName": "INFN, Sezione di Torino", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "I-10125 Turin, via P. Giuria 1, Italy", "departmentId": "122007746"}] |
1,243 | 70,179 | On Self-Diagnosable Multiprocessor Systems: Diagnosis by the Comparison Approach | IEEE Transactions on Computers | This paper analyzes the diagnosability and diagnosis problems for a model introduced in [2] of a self-diagnosable multiprocessor system where processors compare the results of tasks performed by other processors in the system. In this paper, a set of criteria is given for determining whether the faulty processors in the system can be diagnosed on the basis of the comparisons, and a polynomial-time algorithm is presented to identify the faulty units of such a system on the basis of the comparison results when the system is known to be diagnosable. © 1992 IEEE | ["Sengupta A.", "Dahbura A.T."] | ["57192975465", "7004247753"] | 1,992 | 311 | ["Fault diagnosis", "multiprocessors", "self-diagnosability", "system level diagnosis", "testing by comparison"] | 10.1109/12.177309 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018179", "name": "Department of Computer Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, University of South Carolina", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Columbia, SC, 29208, United States", "departmentId": "103932014"}, {"id": "60021378", "name": "AT&T Bell Laboratories, Motorola Cambridge Research Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States", "fullName": "AT&T Bell Laboratories, Motorola Cambridge Research Center", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States", "departmentId": "115739378"}] |
1,244 | 70,187 | Economic design of a variable sample size x - chart | Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation | An economic design model for an X-chart which uses a variable sample size feature is developed in this paper. In a variable sample size control chart the sample size at each sampling time depends on the value of the previous sample statistic, whereas the sample size is set to be a fixed constant in traditional control charts. In order to detect shifts quickly, the variable sample size chart takes a larger sample if there is any indication that the process is running in an out-of-control state and a smaller sample otherwise. For practical purposes only two possible sample sizes are considered. The objective of the economic design is to Find the optimal sampling interval, control limit, and sample sizes to minimize the expected cost per unit operating time. The determination of the optimal design requires the computation of the average number of samples and the average number of observations taken when the process is in control and out of control. These characteristics can be computed using the Markov chain property of the control procedure. Application of the variable sample size feature to the X-chart for the case in which there are multiple assignable causes shows improved efficiency and statistical performance compared to the fixed sample size chart. © 1994, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Park C.", "Reynolds M.R., Jr."] | ["55962067900", "7202326777"] | 1,994 | 54 | ["Average Number of Observations to Signal", "Average Number of Samples to Signal", "Average Time to Signal", "Markov Chain"] | 10.1080/03610919408813182 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014237", "name": "Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-ang University, Seoul, 156-756, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-ang University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Seoul, 156-756, South Korea", "departmentId": "103740452"}, {"id": "60027090", "name": "Departments of Statistics and Forestry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va., 24061, United States", "fullName": "Departments of Statistics and Forestry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Blacksburg, Va., 24061, United States", "departmentId": "104372262"}] |
1,245 | 70,319 | On fixed point stability for set-valued contractive mappings with applications to generalized differential equations | Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications | null | ["Lim T.-C."] | ["7401710172"] | 1,985 | 120 | [] | 10.1016/0022-247X(85)90306-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018319", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, George Mason University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Fairfax, VA 22030, United States", "departmentId": "103938707"}] |
1,246 | 70,512 | Nonlinear pH control | Chemical Engineering Science | A simple new method for designing nonlinear IMC controlles for SISO systems has been developed. The method has been applied to the neutralization of a simulated strong acid-strong base system. The objective of the control effort in this instance is to maintain the effluent pH at 7.00 in the presence of disturbances. An examination of the results shows that the controller provides perfect set point compensation and excellent disturbance rejection. The results also show that to implement this type of controller for pH control a fast CPU with extended precision capabilities and a fast analog-to-digital converter would be required. © 1991. | ["Kulkarni B.D.", "Tambe S.S.", "Shukla N.V.", "Deshpande P.B."] | ["7101896226", "7003844327", "7102998140", "7006034765"] | 1,991 | 49 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2509(91)85092-C | Article | English | [{"id": "60012548", "name": "Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India", "fullName": "Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pune, 411008, India", "departmentId": "100273566"}, {"id": "60020633", "name": "Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lousiville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lousiville", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Louisville, KY 40292, United States", "departmentId": "100274134"}] |
1,247 | 70,558 | Variable Neighborhood Search for Extremal Graphs. 2. Finding Graphs with Extremal Energy | Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences | The recently developed Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) metaheuristic for combinatorial and global optimization is outlined together with its specialization to the problem of finding extremal graphs with respect to one or more invariants and the corresponding program (AGX). We illustrate the potential of the VNS algorithm on the example of energy E, a graph invariant which (in the case of molecular graphs of conjugated hydrocarbons) corresponds to the total π-electron energy. Novel lower and upper bounds for E are suggested by AGX and several conjectures concerning (molecular) graphs with extremal E values put forward. Moreover, most of the bounds are proved to hold. | ["Caporossi G.", "Cvetković D.", "Gutman I.", "Hansen P."] | ["57203235797", "7005753143", "7102696936", "35616121500"] | 1,999 | 128 | [] | 10.1021/ci9801419 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019141", "name": "Ecl. Polytech. de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Canada", "fullName": "Ecl. Polytech. de Montréal", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Montréal, Que., Canada", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60068815", "name": "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, YU-11120 Beograd, P.O. Box 35-54", "fullName": "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "YU-11120 Beograd, P.O. Box 35-54", "departmentId": "112965774"}, {"id": "60068809", "name": "Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, YU-34000 Kragujevac, P.O. Box 60", "fullName": "Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "YU-34000 Kragujevac, P.O. Box 60", "departmentId": "113888817"}, {"id": "60002970", "name": "GERAD, Ecl. Hautes Etud. Comml. de Montreal, Montréal, Que. H3T 1V6, Canada", "fullName": "GERAD, Ecl. Hautes Etud. Comml. de Montreal", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Montréal, Que. H3T 1V6, Canada", "departmentId": null}] |
1,248 | 70,644 | Additive hazards regression with current status data | Biometrika | Current status data arise when the only knowledge about the failure time of interest is whether the failure occurs before or after a random monitoring time. We propose to analyse such data by the semiparametric additive hazards model, which specifies that the hazard function for the failure time associated with a set of possibly time-dependent covariates is the sum of an arbitrary baseline hazard function and a regression function of covariates. Under certain conditions on the monitoring time, one can make inferences about the regression parameters of the additive hazards model by using the familiar asymptotic theory and software for the proportional hazards model with right censored data. An application to a carcinogenicity experiment is provided. Additive risk model; Counting process; Failure time; Interval censoring; Martingale; Partial likelihood; Proportional hazards; Time-dependent covariate. | ["Lin D.Y.", "Oakes D.", "Ying Z."] | ["7403692293", "7005174631", "56250896900"] | 1,998 | 126 | [] | 10.1093/biomet/85.2.289 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015481", "name": "Department of Biostatistics, Box 357232, Seattle, WA 98195, United States", "fullName": "Department of Biostatistics, Box 357232", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Seattle, WA 98195, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60024746", "name": "Department of Biostatistics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, 610 Elmwood Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Department of Biostatistics, University of Rochester Medical Center", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Rochester, NY 14642, 610 Elmwood Avenue, United States", "departmentId": "113025480"}, {"id": "60119141", "name": "Department of Statistics, Hill Center, Busch Campus, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855, United States", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, Hill Center, Busch Campus, Rutgers University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Piscataway, NJ 08855, United States", "departmentId": "123158412"}] |
1,249 | 70,726 | Padé approximants, optimal renormalization scales, and momentum flow in Feynman diagrams | Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology | We show that the Padé approximant (PA) approach for resummation of perturbative series in QCD provides a systematic method for approximating the flow of momentum in Feynman diagrams. In the large-[Formula presented] limit, diagonal PA’s generalize the Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie (BLM) scale-setting method to higher orders in a renormalization scale- and scheme-invariant manner, using multiple scales that represent Neubert’s concept of the distribution of momentum flow through a virtual gluon. If the distribution is non-negative, the PA’s have only real roots, and approximate the distribution function by a sum of δ functions, whose locations and weights are identical to the optimal choice provided by the Gaussian quadrature method for numerical integration. We show how the first few coefficients in a perturbative series can set rigorous bounds on the all-order momentum distribution function, if it is positive. We illustrate the method with the vacuum polarization function and the Bjorken sum rule computed in the large-[Formula presented] limit. © 1997 The American Physical Society. | ["Brodsky S.J.", "Ellis J.", "Gardi E.", "Karliner M.", "Samuel M.A."] | ["7102606655", "57203587466", "6602838919", "22962388100", "7102728107"] | 1,997 | 40 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevD.56.6980 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012708", "name": "Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94309, United States", "fullName": "Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stanford, CA, 94309, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60019778", "name": "Theoretical Physics Division, CERN, Geneva 23, CH-1211, Switzerland", "fullName": "Theoretical Physics Division, CERN", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Geneva 23, CH-1211, Switzerland", "departmentId": "104009105"}, {"id": "60005681", "name": "School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel", "fullName": "School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel", "departmentId": "112878654"}, {"id": "60006514", "name": "Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States", "departmentId": "111475331"}] |
1,250 | 70,741 | Digital precompensation of imperfections in quadrature modulators | IEEE Transactions on Communications | Residual carrier, balance, and quadrature error imperfections that are normally present in phase/quadrature modulators limit the use of direct modulation techniques in some applications. In this paper, the classical precompensation techniques are revised and an adaptive solution proposed that improves performance by some order of magnitude. © 2000 IEEE. | ["Marchesani R."] | ["6603099363"] | 2,000 | 34 | ["Analog modulator", "Direct modulation", "Linearization", "Predistortion"] | 10.1109/26.843122 | Article | English | [{"id": "107453392", "name": "Thomson-CSF Electronic Systems Italia, 66013 Chieti Scalo, Italy", "fullName": "Thomson-CSF Electronic Systems Italia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "66013 Chieti Scalo, Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
1,251 | 70,850 | Optimization of mutual information for multiresolution image registration | IEEE Transactions on Image Processing | We propose a new method for the intermodal registration of images using a criterion known as mutual information. Our main contribution is an optimizer that we specifically designed for this criterion. We show that this new optimizer is well adapted to a multiresolution approach because it typically converges in fewer criterion evaluations than other optimizers. We have built a multiresolution image pyramid, along with an interpolation process, an optimizer, and the criterion itself, around the unifying concept of spline-processing. This ensures coherence in the way we model data and yields good performance. We have tested our approach in a variety of experimental conditions and report excellent results. We claim an accuracy of about a hundredth of a pixel under ideal conditions. We are also robust since the accuracy is still about a tenth of a pixel under very noisy conditions. In addition, a blind evaluation of our results compares very favorably to the work of several other researchers. © 2000 IEEE. | ["Thévenaz P.", "Unser M."] | ["7004449833", "7102049045"] | 2,000 | 571 | ["B-spline", "Intermodal volume alignment", "Marquardt-Levenberg", "Parzen window", "Pyramid"] | 10.1109/83.887976 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000251", "name": "IEEE, Switzerland", "fullName": "IEEE", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Switzerland", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60028186", "name": "Biomedical Imaging Group, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland", "fullName": "Biomedical Imaging Group, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland", "departmentId": "104424638"}] |
1,252 | 70,855 | In-line flow injection analysis for monitoring lactic acid fermentations | Analytica Chimica Acta | An automated system with in-line monitoring of important fermentation variables is described for investigating the kinetics of lactic acid fermentation. A laboratory fermentor is fitted with a continuous sample-withdrawal system and in-line analyzers are used to determine glucose, lactic acid, protein and cell density (from absorbance at 565 nm). The system is controlled by a personal computer. The flow injection analyzers for glucose and lactic acid are based on enzymatic oxidation followed by chemiluminescence detection. The flow-injection analyzer for protein is based on the biuret method. The system has a very good reproducibility and long-term stability. It appears to be ideally suited for the study of fermentation dynamics. © 1988. | ["Nikolajsen K.", "Nielsen J.", "Villadsen J."] | ["16073257000", "55572933700", "7005390349"] | 1,988 | 0 | [] | 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80436-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011373", "name": "Department of Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark", "fullName": "Department of Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark", "departmentId": "100302172"}] |
1,253 | 70,858 | Polymer-modified electrodes: A new class of electrochromic materials | Applied Physics Letters | A new class of organic polymeric thin-film electrochromic materials is described. We show that the new polymer-modified electrodes change color reversibly in permanent thin-film form without the electrodeposition characteristics of organic liquid state systems such as the viologens. The polymer films exhibit good switching speeds (τ≤100 ms), possess intrinsic memory, and show no chemical degradation or adhesion loss in preliminary life tests (10<sup>4</sup> cycles). It is demonstrated that several important electrochromic parameters can be varied by chemical modification of the polymeric material. | ["Kaufman F.B.", "Schroeder A.H.", "Engler E.M.", "Patel V.V."] | ["7005140839", "36770542500", "35994136900", "16034940900"] | 1,980 | 48 | [] | 10.1063/1.91524 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017366", "name": "T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States", "fullName": "T. J. Watson Research Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,254 | 70,907 | Evolution of social behavior by reciprocation | Journal of Theoretical Biology | A general model is presented for the evolution of social behavior by reciprocation. The results of our model apply to social traits which are transmitted from one generation to the next by a process which guarantees that the frequency of the trait in one generation is directly related to its fitness in the preceding generation. The basic parameters of the model are α, the number of interactions per generation, and β, the number of these interactions which are with individuals who are perceived as strangers. It is shown that so long as α/β can be made large, social reciprocation may increase when arbitrarily rare even in the absence of population structure. This conclusion appears to be at odds with several recent investigations of Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) and Boorman & Levitt (1980). We use our model to reconcile these various approaches. By casting Axelrod & Hamilton's (1981) single-partner model in terms of the general parameters, α and β, we show that social reciprocation can increase when arbitrarily rare in a homogeneous population dominated by non-cooperators. Using a gene frequency approach, Boorman & Levitt (1973, 1980) demonstrated the existence of a selection threshold in frequency of the social trait, which must be surmounted for social reciprocation to increase. We show our analysis of reciprocation to be consistent with Boorman and Levitt's result, since for our general model the cost to the social individuals of learning the non-social's identity goes to zero as the ratio α/β gets large. We also use our general model to study two multi-partner models not considered elsewhere, which differ in regards to the memory capabilities assigned to the organism. Finally we use our model to compare directly the evolution of social behavior by reciprocation with the main alternate hypothesis, kin selection. We show that an act which accrues some cost -c to the fitness of the donor while benefiting a recipient by b, will increase in frequency so long as c/b < Φ (equation (30)), where Φ is defined as the "coefficient of reciprocation" or probability that a cooperative act is reciprocated. By comparing the coefficient of reciprocation with the coefficient of relatedness of kin selection, direct comparisons of the two hypotheses may be made. © 1982. | ["Brown J.S.", "Sanderson M.J.", "Michod R.E."] | ["7409448841", "7202315597", "7003545305"] | 1,982 | 57 | [] | 10.1016/0022-5193(82)90008-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60010065", "name": "Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States", "fullName": "Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tucson, AZ 85721, United States", "departmentId": "105289014"}] |
1,255 | 70,931 | Existence and uniqueness of H-system's solutions with Dirichlet conditions | Nonlinear Analysis, Theory, Methods and Applications | null | ["Amster P.", "Mariani M.C.", "Rial D.F."] | ["6701332221", "7202399225", "6602844243"] | 2,000 | 7 | ["Dirichlet problem for H-systems", "Fixed point methods", "Mean curvature equation"] | 10.1016/S0362-546X(99)00123-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001563", "name": "Dpto. de Matemática Fac. de Cs, Exaclas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pab. I, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina", "fullName": "Dpto. de Matemática Fac. de Cs, Exaclas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pab. I, Ciudad Universitaria", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina", "departmentId": null}] |
1,256 | 70,949 | Texture detection and texture discrimination with anisotropic scaling indices | Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision | A new method to determine specific local features of textures is proposed. Based on the idea of pointwise dimensions, the concept of isotropic and anisotropic scaling indices is developed. A new algorithm for texture detection and texture localization that makes use of level-2 statistics is introduced. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated on an example of two natural textures. The effect of noise is studied, and it is shown that the algorithm is insensitive to white noise. The global and local aspects of the detection and discrimination process within this statistical model are pointed out. Some remarks on the choice of parameters in texture discrimination algorithms are made. © 1997 Optical Society of America. | ["Räth C.", "Morfill G."] | ["7004971054", "35432559100"] | 1,997 | 24 | [] | 10.1364/JOSAA.14.003208 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021561", "name": "Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, D-85740, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Garching, D-85740, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,257 | 70,978 | A strongly consistent procedure for model selection in a regression problem | Biometrika | We consider the multiple regression model Y<sub>n</sub>= X<sub>n</sub>ß+ E<sub>n</sub>, where Y<sub>n</sub> and E<sub>n</sub> are n-vector random variables, X<sub>n</sub> is an n×m matrix and ß is an m-vector of unknown regression parameters. Each component of ß may be zero or nonzero, which gives rise to 2<sup>m</sup> possible models for multiple regression. We provide a decision rule for the choice of a model which is strongly consistent for the true model as n →∞. The result is proved under certain mild conditions, for instance without assuming normality of the distribution of the components of E<sub>n</sub>. © 1989 Biometrika Trust. | ["Rao R.", "Wu Y."] | ["36493361700", "55834909900"] | 1,989 | 96 | ["AIC", "BIC", "GIC", "Linear regression", "Model selection", "Variable selection"] | 10.1093/biomet/76.2.369 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001439", "name": "Center for Multivariate Analysis, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States", "fullName": "Center for Multivariate Analysis, Pennsylvania State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States", "departmentId": "103118303"}] |
1,258 | 70,999 | Retrial queues with server subject to breakdowns and repairs | Queueing Systems | In this paper we consider a single server retrial queue where the server is subject to breakdowns and repairs. New customers arrive at the service station according to a Poisson process and demand i.i.d. service times. If the server is idle, the incoming customer starts getting served immediately. If the server is busy, the incoming customer conducts a retrial after an exponential amount of time. The retrial customers behave independently of each other. The server stays up for an exponential time and then fails. Repair times have a general distribution. The failure/repair behavior when the server is idle is different from when it is busy. Two different models are considered. In model I, the failed server cannot be occupied and the customer whose service is interrupted has to either leave the system or rejoin the retrial group. In model II, the customer whose service is interrupted by a failure stays at the server and restarts the service when repair is completed. Model II can be handled as a special case of model I. For model I, we derive the stability condition and study the limiting behavior of the system by using the tools of Markov regenerative processes. © 1990 J.C. Baltzer A.G. Scientific Publishing Company. | ["Kulkarni V.G.", "Choi B.D."] | ["7201425788", "7402755383"] | 1,990 | 117 | ["imbedded Markov chains", "Markov regenerative processes", "Retrial queues"] | 10.1007/BF01158474 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025111", "name": "Department of Operations Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599-3180, NC, United States", "fullName": "Department of Operations Research, University of North Carolina", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Chapel Hill, 27599-3180, NC, United States", "departmentId": "104269585"}] |
1,259 | 71,007 | Cadmium-113 Chemical Shift Tensor in Cadmium Diethyl Phosphate: A Step toward Understanding Divalent Cation-Phospholipid Interactions | Journal of the American Chemical Society | null | ["Miner V.W.", "Prestegard J.H."] | ["6602556287", "7007181442"] | 1,985 | 7 | [] | 10.1021/ja00293a061 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005455", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Yale University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, United States", "departmentId": "105250371"}] |
1,260 | 71,044 | The one-loop N = 2 supercurrent anomaly | Physics Letters B | A one-loop superspace calculation of the N = 2 supercurrent anomaly is performed. The method preserves explicitly both N = 2 supersymmetry and gauge invariance. © 1987. | ["Marculescu S."] | ["6602990655"] | 1,987 | 7 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(87)90007-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024260", "name": "Physics Department, University of Siegen, D-5900 Siegen, P.O. Box 10 12 40, Germany", "fullName": "Physics Department, University of Siegen", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-5900 Siegen, P.O. Box 10 12 40, Germany", "departmentId": "104223649"}] |
1,261 | 71,072 | The fading of fission tracks in the geologic environment- Data from deep drill holes | Nuclear Tracks | null | ["Naeser C.W."] | ["7006420903"] | 1,981 | 80 | [] | 10.1016/0191-278X(81)90055-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60006720", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, MS 424, United States", "fullName": "U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Denver, CO 80225, MS 424, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,262 | 71,158 | Complexity of scheduling multiprocessor tasks with prespecified processor allocations | Discrete Applied Mathematics | We investigate the computational complexity of scheduling multiprocessor tasks with prespecified processor allocations. We consider two criteria: minimizing schedule length and minimizing the sum of the task completion times. In addition, we investigate the complexity of problems when precedence constraints or release dates are involved. © 1994. | ["Hoogeveen J.A.", "van de Velde S.L.", "Veltman B."] | ["6603793044", "6603924939", "6602700875"] | 1,994 | 0 | ["Makespan", "Multiprocessor tasks", "Precedence constraints", "Prespecified processor allocations", "Release dates", "Total completion time"] | 10.1016/0166-218X(94)90012-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032882", "name": "Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, P.O. Box 513, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Eindhoven University of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "5600 MB Eindhoven, P.O. Box 513, Netherlands", "departmentId": "105010179"}, {"id": "60020599", "name": "School of Management Studies, Technology and Innovation, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, P.O. Box 217, Netherlands", "fullName": "School of Management Studies, Technology and Innovation, University of Twente", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "7500 AE Enschede, P.O. Box 217, Netherlands", "departmentId": "104046112"}, {"id": "60011575", "name": "CWI, 1009 AB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 4079, Netherlands", "fullName": "CWI", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "1009 AB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 4079, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}] |
1,263 | 71,163 | Modular invariant partition functions for N = 2 superconformal field theories | Physics Letters B | We find the characters of all the unitary degenerate highest weight representations of the N = 2 superconformal algebras with c<3. The constraints of modular invariance on the field contents of the two-dimensional N = 2 superconformal field theories are explored. The constraints take the form of sum rules on the number of superconformal highest weight representations. Models which satisfy these constraints are classified. We also discuss the condition of unbroken supersymmetry in these models. © 1987. | ["Qiu Z."] | ["7202941605"] | 1,987 | 60 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(87)90906-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027485", "name": "The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States", "fullName": "The Institute for Advanced Study", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Princeton, NJ 08540, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,264 | 71,269 | Space-time discontinuous finite element approximations for multi-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic systems | Computational Mechanics | The discontinuous Galerkin method is applied on both spatial and temporal dimensions. The new approach naturally extends, through flux splitting with an alternating sweep in the forward and backward space directions, the basic spirit of the Lesaint's scalar algorithm for multi-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic systems. The method is used to solve numerically a number of representative quasi-linear hyperbolic equations which involve propagation of a sharp front through the solution domain. A posteriori analysis indicates that the proposed quasi-explicit scheme is unconditionally stable and for smooth solutions its rate of convergence is optimal. Computationally the method appears to offer a number of advantages over other schemes including quite an accurate description of the structure of the shock front. Several areas for future research are described. © 1989 Springer-Verlag. | ["Bar-Yoseph P."] | ["35584355600"] | 1,989 | 19 | [] | 10.1007/BF01046483 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022403", "name": "Computational Mechanics Group and Material Mechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel", "fullName": "Computational Mechanics Group and Material Mechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Haifa, 32000, Israel", "departmentId": "126824016"}] |
1,265 | 71,387 | A restrained‐parameter structure‐factor least‐squares refinement procedure for large asymmetric units | Acta Crystallographica Section A | null | ["Konnert J.H."] | ["7003752531"] | 1,976 | 131 | [] | 10.1107/S0567739476001289 | Article | English | [] |
1,266 | 71,615 | Learning processes in neural networks | Physical Review A | We study the learning dynamics of neural networks from a general point of view. The environment from which the network learns is defined as a set of input stimuli. At discrete points in time, one of these stimuli is presented and an incremental learning step takes place. If the time between learning steps is drawn from a Poisson distribution, the dynamics of an ensemble of learning processes is described by a continuous-time master equation. A learning algorithm that enables a neural network to adapt to a changing environment must have a nonzero learning parameter. This constant adaptability, however, goes at cost of fluctuations in the plasticities, such as synapses and thresholds. The ensemble description allows us to study the asymptotic behavior of the plasticities for a large class of neural networks. For small learning parameters, we derive an expression for the size of the fluctuations in an unchanging environment. In a changing environment, there is a trade-off between adaptability and accuracy (i.e., size of the fluctuations). We use the networks of Grossberg [J. Stat. Phys. 48, 105 (1969)] and Oja [J. Math. Biol. 15, 267 (1982)] as simple examples to analyze and simulate the performance of neural networks in a changing environment. In some cases an optimal learning parameter can be calculated. © 1991 The American Physical Society. | ["Heskes T.M.", "Kappen B."] | ["7004495581", "6506562672"] | 1,991 | 75 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevA.44.2718 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016529", "name": "Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Nijmegen, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Noord 21, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Nijmegen", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "6525 EZ Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Noord 21, Netherlands", "departmentId": "103851486"}] |
1,267 | 71,649 | Constructive polynomial approximation on spheres and projective spaces | Transactions of the American Mathematical Society | This paper contains constructive generalizations to functions defined on spheres and projective spaces of the Jackson theorems on polynomial approximation. These results, (3.3) and (4.6), give explicit methods of constructing uniform approximations to smooth functions on these spaces by polynomials, together with error estimates based on the smoothness of the function and the degree of the polynomial. The general method used exploits the fact that each space considered is the orbit of some compact subgroup, G, of an orthogonal group acting on a Euclidean space. For such homogeneous spaces a general result (2.1) is proved which shows that a G-invariant linear method of polynomial approximation to continuous functions can be modified to yield a linear method which produces better approximations to A>times differentiable functions. Jackson type theorems (3.4) are also proved for functions on the unit ball (which is not homogeneous) in a Euclidean space. © 1971 American Mathematical Society. | ["Ragozinc D.L."] | ["57189205264"] | 1,971 | 117 | ["Homogeneous spaces", "Invariant approximation operators", "Jackson estimates", "Polynomial approximation on projective spaces", "Polynomial approximation on spheres"] | 10.1090/S0002-9947-1971-0288468-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015481", "name": "University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, United States", "fullName": "University of Washington", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Seattle, WA, 98105, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,268 | 71,684 | Using evaluation to understand the learning architecture of an organization | Evaluation and Program Planning | This article presents an emerging theoretical perspective for understanding organizational learning and what it takes to build learning organizations. The concept of learning architecture is introduced as a critical element in understanding organizational learning. The learning architecture consists of the organization's framing mechanisms, memory, knowledge, and learning processes which connect these three structures. The article provides insight into the role of evaluation as an important link to (a) understanding the learning architecture of organizations, and (b) helping organizations to transform the learning organization ideal into reality. It concludes with a framework to guide evaluators in uncovering an organization's existing learning architecture and designing a new learning architecture essential to building a learning organization. © 1994. | ["Jenlink P.M."] | ["6603057306"] | 1,994 | 15 | [] | 10.1016/0149-7189(94)90011-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000879", "name": "Western Michigan University, United States", "fullName": "Western Michigan University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,269 | 71,704 | Comments concerning multidimensional polynomials' properties | IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control | In this paper, some practical results concerning the zeros of polynomials are given. These results are presented as comments, the brief proof of which is based on the results of [1]. These comments are useful for the systems' (one-dimensional and multidimensional) stability. © 1996 IEEE. | ["Mastorakis N.E."] | ["35579492400"] | 1,996 | 12 | [] | 10.1109/9.481530 | Review | English | [{"id": "60037015", "name": "Hellenic Naval Academy, Departments of Engineering, Hatzikyriakou, 18539, Piraeus, Greece", "fullName": "Hellenic Naval Academy, Departments of Engineering", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hatzikyriakou, 18539, Piraeus, Greece", "departmentId": "104705438"}] |
1,270 | 71,707 | On Automorphism Groups of the Hermitian Codes | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory | We determine the exact automorphism groups of the Goppa geometric codes from the Hermitian curves over GF (q2). © 1995 IEEE. | ["Xing C."] | ["7005539618"] | 1,995 | 17 | ["Automorphisms", "divisors", "permutation", "places", "the Hermitian codes"] | 10.1109/18.476234 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019118", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Science and Technology of China", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hefei, Anhui 230026, China", "departmentId": "109629647"}] |
1,271 | 71,720 | Large triangle-free subgraphs in graphs without K<sub>4</sub> | Graphs and Combinatorics | It is shown that for arbitrary positive ε there exists a graph without K<sub>4</sub> and so that all its subgraphs containing more than 1/2 +ε portion of its edges contain a triangle (Theorem 2). This solves a problem of Erdös and Nešetřil. On the other hand it is proved that such graphs have necessarily low edge density (Theorem 4). Theorem 3 which is needed for the proof of Theorem 2 is an analog of Goodman's theorem [8], it shows that random graphs behave in some respect as sparse complete graphs. Theorem 5 shows the existence of a graph on less than 10<sup>12</sup> vertices, without K<sub>4</sub> and which is edge-Ramsey for triangles. © 1986 Springer-Verlag. | ["Frankl P.", "Rödl V."] | ["7003591530", "57206543090"] | 1,986 | 58 | [] | 10.1007/BF01788087 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008134", "name": "CNRS, Quai Anatole France, Paris, 75007, France", "fullName": "CNRS, Quai Anatole France", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Paris, 75007, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60013323", "name": "Department of Mathematics, FJFI, ČVUT, Praha 1, 11000, Husova 5, Yugoslavia", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, FJFI, ČVUT", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Praha 1, 11000, Husova 5, Yugoslavia", "departmentId": "113545837"}, {"id": "60021378", "name": "AT and T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, 07974, NJ, United States", "fullName": "AT and T Bell Laboratories", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, 07974, NJ, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,272 | 71,731 | Existence and stabilization of solutions to the phase-field model with memory | Journal of Integral Equations and Applications | A phase field model is considered when the classical Fourier law is replaced by the linearized Gurtin- Pipkin constitutive assumption for the heat flux. The resulting system of partial differential equations consists in a Volterra integro-differential equation coupled with a nonlinear parabolic inclusion. The initial and boundary value problem with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions is investigated for a kernel of positive type. Results on the long-time behavior of solutions are obtained in a quite general setting. © 1998 Rocky Mountain Mathematics Consortium. | ["Colli P.", "Laurenço P."] | ["56019382900", "15123183700"] | 1,998 | 23 | [] | 10.1216/jiea/1181074220 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015197", "name": "Dipartimento di Matematica F. Casorati, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Matematica F. Casorati, Università di Pavia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Italy", "departmentId": "103783978"}, {"id": "60104289", "name": "Institut Elie Cartan - Nancy, Université de Nancy I, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy Cedex, BP 239, F-54506, France", "fullName": "Institut Elie Cartan - Nancy, Université de Nancy I", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Vandoeuvre Les Nancy Cedex, BP 239, F-54506, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,273 | 71,735 | Shifted-update rotation: simple integration of the many-level Schrödinger equation to long times | Chemical Physics Letters | Shifted-update direct propagation algorithms are used to calculate the survival probabilities and spectra of a matrix-scaling model for vibrational energy redistribution with 70 000 active states and nine degrees of freedom. A stabilized first-order method, shifted-update rotation has a simple geometrical interpretation, yet requires no storage overhead. Of the higher-order methods, only a third-order method executes faster in many cases, at the cost of stability and memory overhead. We compare shifted-update methods to others applicable to sparse systems. © 1995. | ["Bigwood R.", "Gruebele M."] | ["6602418318", "7006230488"] | 1,995 | 24 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2614(94)01474-A | Article | English | [{"id": "60000745", "name": "Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Urbana, IL 61801, United States", "departmentId": "108399662"}, {"id": "60000745", "name": "Beckman Institute for Aduanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL 61801, United States", "fullName": "Beckman Institute for Aduanced Science and Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Urbana, IL 61801, United States", "departmentId": "103072166"}] |
1,274 | 71,792 | How to simulate billiards and similar systems | Journal of Computational Physics | An N-component continuous-time dynamic system is considered whose components evolve independently all the time except for discrete asynchronous instances of pairwise interactions. Examples include colliding billiard balls and combat models. A new efficient serial event-driven algorithm is described for simulating such systems. Rather than maintaining and updating the global state of the system, the algorithm tries to examine only essential events, i.e., component interactions. The events are processed in a non-decreasing order of time; new interactions are scheduled on the basis of the examined interactions using preintegrated equations of evolutions of the components. If the components are distributed uniformly enough in the evolution space, so that this space can be subdivided into small sectors such that only O(1) sectors and O(1) components are in the neighborhood of a sector, then the algorithm spends time O(log N) for processing an event which is the asymptotic minimum. The algorithm uses a simple strategy for handling data: only two states are maintained for each simulated component. Fast data access in this strategy assures the practical efficiency of the algorithm. It works noticeably faster than other algorithms proposed for this model. © 1991. | ["Lubachevsky B.D."] | ["7003733314"] | 1,991 | 225 | [] | 10.1016/0021-9991(91)90222-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021378", "name": "AT and T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, United States", "fullName": "AT and T Bell Laboratories", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, NJ 07974, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,275 | 71,798 | Estimating the travel and parking demand effects of employer-paid parking | Regional Science and Urban Economics | A multinomial logit model of downtown Los Angeles commuters is used to assess the effect of employer-paid parking on mode choice and parking demand. Employer-paid parking significantly increases the probability that an employee will drive to work alone. The best performing models predict that between 25 and 34 percent fewer automobiles are driven to work when workers have to pay to park, as compared to when they park free. This analysis provides support for the notion that public policies concerning traffic congestion, air pollution and energy use must address employer-paid parking. © 1992. | ["Wilson R.W."] | ["55605771284"] | 1,992 | 59 | [] | 10.1016/0166-0462(92)90029-Z | Article | English | [{"id": "60005565", "name": "California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, United States", "fullName": "California State Polytechnic University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pomona, CA, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,276 | 71,876 | Interpretation of group behaviour in visually mediated interaction | Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition | While full computer understanding of dynamic visual scenes containing several people may be currently unattainable, we propose a computationally efficient approach to determine areas of interest in such scenes. We present methods for modelling and interpretation of multi-person human behaviour in real time to control video cameras for visually mediated interaction. © 2000 IEEE. | ["Sherrah J.", "Gong S.", "Howell A.J.", "Buxton H."] | ["6603011351", "7203001358", "55663824600", "7004583798"] | 2,000 | 9 | [] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60022109", "name": "Department of Computer Science, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, Queen Mary and Westfield College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London E1 4NS, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60017317", "name": "School of Cognitive and Computing Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom", "fullName": "School of Cognitive and Computing Sciences, University of Sussex", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103898181"}] |
1,277 | 72,057 | Variance component testing in generalised linear models with random effects | Biometrika | There is considerable interest in testing for overdispersion, correlation and heterogeneity across groups in biomédical studies. In this paper, we cast the problem in the framework of generalised linear models with random effects. We propose a global score test for the null hypothesis that all the variance components are zero. This test is a locally asymptotically most stringent test and is robust in the special sense that the test does not require specifying the joint distribution of the random effects. We also propose individual score tests and their approximations for testing the variance components separately. Both tests can be easily implemented using existing statistical software. We illustrate these tests with an application to the study of heterogeneity of mating success across males and females in an experiment on salamander matings, and evaluate their performance through simulation. | ["Lin X."] | ["7404513478"] | 1,997 | 0 | ["Correlated data", "Generalised linear mixed model", "Laplace approximation", "Locally asymptotically most stringent test", "Overdispersion", "Score test"] | 10.1093/biomet/84.2.309 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025778", "name": "Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States", "fullName": "Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States", "departmentId": "113565791"}] |
1,278 | 72,088 | Parallel iterative computational methods for 3D finite element flow simulations | Computer Assisted Mechanics and Engineering Sciences | In this paper we discuss sparse matrix computational methods, and their parallel implementations, for evaluating matrix-vector products in iterative solution of coupled, nonlinear equations encountered in finite element flow simulations. Based on sparse computation schemes, we introduce globally-defined preconditioners by mixing clustered element-by-element preconditioning concept with incomplete factorization methods. These preconditioners are implemented on a CRAY T3D parallel supercomputer. In addition to being tested in a number of benchmarking studies, the sparse schemes discussed here are applied to 3D simulation of incompressible flow past a circular cylinder. | ["Kalro V.", "Tezduyar T."] | ["6602690436", "35554034900"] | 1,998 | 13 | [] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60029445", "name": "Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, Army HPC Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55415, 1100 Washington Ave, United States", "fullName": "Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, Army HPC Research Center, University of Minnesota", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Minneapolis, MN 55415, 1100 Washington Ave, United States", "departmentId": "104490020"}] |
1,279 | 72,103 | Reversible codes | Information and Control | A code is defined to be reversible if its code-word set is invariant under a reversal of the digits in each code word. Such codes may have application in certain data storage and retrieval systems. It is shown that cyclic codes and convolutional codes are reversible when and only when their code-generating polynomials are self-reciprocal. Reversible codes are quite rare therefore, but it is shown that an important subclass of the Bose-Chaudhuri codes consists entirely of reversible codes. Techniques are developed by which any nonreversible cyclic code can be converted into a reversible cyclic code with at least as much error-correcting power, but at the cost of increased code redundancy. The redundancy of the derived code is at most twice that of the original code, and the derived code can be decoded by a decoder constructed for the original code. Similarly, it is shown how any nonreversible convolutional code can be converted into a reversible convolutional code with at least as much error-correcting power, but at the cost of increased code constraint length. Again the derived code can be decoded by substantially the same decoder as for the original code. © 1964 Academic Press Inc. | ["Massey J.L."] | ["7102194372"] | 1,964 | 122 | [] | 10.1016/S0019-9958(64)90438-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021508", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Notre Dame, IN, United States", "departmentId": "112677178"}] |
1,280 | 72,147 | Hybrid control for a class of underactuated mechanical systems | IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part A:Systems and Humans. | This paper considers a stabilizing hybrid scheme to control a class of underactuated mechanical systems. The hybrid controller consists of a collection of state feedback controllers plus a discrete-event supervisor. When the continuous-state hits a switching boundary, a new controller is applied to the plant. Lyapunov theory is used to determine the switching boundaries and to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop hybrid system. This approach is applied to the well-known swing up and balancing control problem of the inverted pendulum. © 1999 IEEE. | ["Fierro R.", "Lewis F.L.", "Lowe A."] | ["7006028932", "24729085600", "7202836938"] | 1,999 | 69 | [] | 10.1109/3468.798069 | Article | English | [{"id": "60072054", "name": "Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Quito, Ecuador", "fullName": "Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Quito, Ecuador", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60032211", "name": "Automation and Robotics Research Institute, University of Texas at Arlington, Fort Worth, TX 76118-7115, United States", "fullName": "Automation and Robotics Research Institute, University of Texas at Arlington", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Fort Worth, TX 76118-7115, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "101538964", "name": "Mentor Consulting Division, Embedded Systems Knowledge Center, Fort Worth, TX 76118, United States", "fullName": "Mentor Consulting Division, Embedded Systems Knowledge Center", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Fort Worth, TX 76118, United States", "departmentId": "102900876"}] |
1,281 | 72,192 | Error bounds in equilibrium statistical mechanics | Journal of Mathematical Physics | A new method is presented for the calculation of thermodynamic properties from equilibrium statistical mechanics. Starting from the high-temperature expansion coefficients for the canonical partition function, error bounds are obtained, which are both rigorous and optimal. Copyright © 1968 by the American Institute of Physics. | ["Gordon R.G."] | ["7402753866"] | 1,968 | 352 | [] | 10.1063/1.1664624 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009982", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Harvard University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA, United States", "departmentId": "108166116"}, {"id": "60027023", "name": "Sloan Foundation", "fullName": "Sloan Foundation", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,282 | 72,326 | Local estimation for an integral equation of first kind with analytic kernel | Journal of Inverse and Ill-Posed Problems | In this paper, an integral equation of the first kind with Riesz kernel is discussed. Since the kernel of this integral equation is analytic, this problem is severe ill-posed. We prove that, for solutions of the integral equation, a local conditional pointwise estimate holds at a point if the solution has some additional smoothness properties in a neighbourhood of this point. © 1998, Walter de Gruyter. All rights reserved. | ["Cheng J.", "PRÖßDORF S.", "Yamamoto M."] | ["55125813900", "7801639421", "35175444300"] | 1,998 | 19 | [] | 10.1515/jiip.1998.6.2.115 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009860", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Department of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Department of Mathematics, Fudan University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Shanghai 200433, China", "departmentId": "108112151"}, {"id": "60072332", "name": "Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastic, Berlin, Mohrenstrβe 39, D-10117, Germany", "fullName": "Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastic", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Berlin, Mohrenstrβe 39, D-10117, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025272", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Meguro Tokyo 153, Komaba, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Tokyo", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Meguro Tokyo 153, Komaba, Japan", "departmentId": "111636290"}] |
1,283 | 72,387 | Hopf constructions and higher projective planes for iterated loop spaces | Transactions of the American Mathematical Society | We define a category, pn (for each n and p), of spaces with strong homotopy commutativity properties. These spaces have just enough structure to define the mod? Dyer-Lashof operations for fold loop spaces. The category is very convenient for applications since its objects and morphisms are defined in a homotopy invariant way. We then define a functor, from to the homotopy category of spaces and show Pjj to be left adjoint to the rc-fold loop space functor. We then show how one can exploit this adjointness in cohomological calculations to yield new results about iterated loop spaces. © 1995 American Mathematical Society. | ["Kuhn N.J.", "Slack M.", "Williams F."] | ["35248408800", "8701385600", "7402532065"] | 1,995 | 5 | [] | 10.1090/S0002-9947-1995-1282890-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021918", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Virginia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States", "departmentId": "100301664"}, {"id": "60012708", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Stanford University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Stanford, CA, 94305, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60002162", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Mexico State University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States", "departmentId": "112210976"}] |
1,284 | 72,394 | Landesman-Lazer conditions for problems with "one- side unbounded" nonlinearities | Nonlinear Analysis | null | ["Kannan R.", "Ortega R."] | ["35550360100", "56264345700"] | 1,985 | 18 | ["Landesman-Lazer condition", "Leray-Schauder principle", "unbounded nonlinearity (35J65, 47H15)"] | 10.1016/0362-546X(85)90090-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003467", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Arlington, TX 76019, United States", "departmentId": "103225503"}, {"id": "60027844", "name": "Departamento de Ecuaciones Funcionales, Universidad de Granada, Spain", "fullName": "Departamento de Ecuaciones Funcionales, Universidad de Granada", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Spain", "departmentId": "105413125"}] |
1,285 | 72,481 | Execution time analysis of communicating tasks in distributed systems | IEEE Transactions on Computers | Task-execution times are one of the most important parameters in scheduling tasks. Most scheduling algorithms are based on the assumption that either worst-case task-execution times are known to the scheduler or no information on execution times is available at all. While scheduling tasks based on worst-case execution times can guarantee to meet their timing requirements, it may lead to severe under-utilization of CPUs because worst-case execution times could be one or two orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding actual values. Scheduling tasks based on the execution time distribution (instead of worst-case execution times) is known to improve system utilization significantly. In this paper, we propose a model to predict task execution times in a distributed system. The model considers several factors which affect the execution time of each task. These factors are classified into two groups: intrinsic and extrinsic. The intrinsic factors control the flow within a task, while the extrinsic factors include communication and synchronization delays between tasks. By simplifying the extrinsic factors, we represent a distributed system with a simple queuing model. The proposed queuing model consists of two stations: one for computation and the other for communication and synchronization. Information on system utilization can be obtained by converting this queuing model to a Markov chain. The execution time of a task is then derived from the information on system utilization in the form of average and distribution. The model is extended to describe the effects of multiple tasks assigned to a single processing node. The utility of the model is demonstrated with an example. ©1996 IEEE. | ["Kim J.", "Shin K.G."] | ["36067033300", "36079966700"] | 1,996 | 23 | ["Communication and synchronization delays", "Distributed systems", "Queuing analysis", "Task-execution time"] | 10.1109/12.509908 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000251", "name": "IEEE", "fullName": "IEEE", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60032330", "name": "Department of Computer Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Pohang 790-784, South Korea", "departmentId": "104643908"}, {"id": "60025778", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122, United States", "departmentId": "110795674"}] |
1,286 | 72,487 | Discrete-time hybrid modeling and verification of the batch evaporator process benchmark | European Journal of Control | For hybrid systems described by interconnections of linear discrete-time dynamical systems, automata, and prepositional logic rules, we recently proposed the Mixed Logical Dynamical (MLD) systems formalism and the language HYSDEL (Hybrid System Description Language) as a modeling tool. For MLD models, we developed a reachability analysis algorithm which combines forward reach set computation and feasibility analysis of trajectories by linear and mixed-integer linear programming. In this paper the versatility of the overall analysis tool is illustrated on the batch evaporator benchmark process. | ["Bemporad A.", "Torrisi F.D.", "Morari M."] | ["7005030586", "55881507300", "35564051100"] | 2,001 | 18 | ["Discrete-time", "Hybrid systems", "Reachability analysis", "Verification"] | 10.3166/ejc.7.382-399 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025858", "name": "Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zentrum - ETL, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland", "fullName": "Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zentrum - ETL", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60002838", "name": "Dip. Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Siena, I-53100 Siena, Via Roma 56, Italy", "fullName": "Dip. Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Siena", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "I-53100 Siena, Via Roma 56, Italy", "departmentId": "103195639"}, {"id": "60002838", "name": "Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, 53100 Siena, Via Roma 56, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "53100 Siena, Via Roma 56, Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
1,287 | 72,546 | On a formula for the distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator | Biometrika | A simple formula for the conditional distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator given a maximal ancillary statistic is discussed and exemplified. The formula is generally accurate to order O(n<sup>-θθl</sup>) or even O(n<sup>-θθ3/2</sup>), and for many important models it is, in fact, exact. After some preliminary discussion of the formula and of certain relevant aspects of likelihood, the formula is used to motivate the definition of a modified profile likelihood whose inferential properties are illustrated. The question of when the distribution formula is exact is considered, and in this connexion several new examples of exactness, including a bivariate generalization of the inverse Gaussian distribution, are adduced. The formula is shown also to be exact for arbitrary transformation models. To prove this it has been necessary to extend the basic theory of transformation models to cover the cases where the group action is not free. This extension, which appears of interest in itself, also allows of a generalization of a useful formula for the marginal likelihood for the index parameter of a composite transformation model. © 1983 Biometrika Trust. | ["Barndorff-Nielsen O."] | ["7004152131"] | 1,983 | 256 | ["Ancillarity", "Conditionality", "Elimination of nuisance parameters", "Hyperboloid model", "Information", "Invariant measure", "Inverse Gaussian model", "Marginal likelihood", "Maximal invariant", "Modified profile likelihood", "Quasilikelihood", "Saddlepoint approximation", "Stable distribution", "Transformation model"] | 10.1093/biomet/70.2.343 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029616", "name": "Department of Theoretical Statistics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark", "fullName": "Department of Theoretical Statistics, Aarhus University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Aarhus, Denmark", "departmentId": "104500191"}] |
1,288 | 72,575 | Executive pay and performance Evidence from the U.S. banking industry | Journal of Financial Economics | This paper examines CEO pay in the banking industry and the effect of deregulating the market for corporate control. Using panel data on 147 banks over the 1980s, we find higher levels of pay in competitive corporate control markets, i.e., those in which interstate banking is permitted. We also find a stronger pay-performance relation in deregulated interstate banking markets. Finally, CEO turnover increases substantially after deregulation. These results provide evidence of a managerial talent market - one which matches the level and structure of pay with the competitiveness of the banking environment. © 1995. | ["Hubbard R.G.", "Palia D."] | ["7202298683", "6603030686"] | 1,995 | 217 | ["Banks", "Corporate control", "Deregulation", "Pay", "Performance"] | 10.1016/0304-405X(94)00816-J | Article | English | [{"id": "60030162", "name": "Columbia Business School, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States", "fullName": "Columbia Business School, Columbia University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New York, NY 10027, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,289 | 72,652 | New combining rules for rare gas van der waals parameters | Journal of Computational Chemistry | New combining rules are proposed for the well depth, ϵ, and interaction distance, σ, describing nonbonded interatomic forces for rare gas pair interactions. Concepts underlying current combining rules applied in simulations of macromolecular and polymer systems are shown to be incompatible with experimental data on the rare gases. The current combining rules are compared with the new results using the experimental data. Mathematical properties of combining rules are considered, and it is shown how to reduce combining rule formulas from a two‐parameter to a single‐parameter problem. It is also shown how to graphically analyze combining rules against experimental data. We demonstrate using this analysis technique that the rare gas potentials do not obey a single combining rule for the ϵ parameter but do follow a single combining rule for the σ parameter. Finally, we demonstrate that a combining rule using both ϵ and ω can be used to predict the ϵ parameters for the mixed rare gas pairs. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | ["Waldman M.", "Hagler A.T."] | ["7006545690", "7006769763"] | 1,993 | 253 | [] | 10.1002/jcc.540140909 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029784", "name": "Biosym Technologies, Inc., San Diego, California, 92121, United States", "fullName": "Biosym Technologies, Inc.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "San Diego, California, 92121, United States", "departmentId": "106872592"}] |
1,290 | 72,761 | Extended Kalman Filter Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Control | Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research | This paper formulates a state observer based nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) technique using successive linearization. Based on local linear approximations of state/measurement equations computed at each sample time, a recursive state estimator providing the minimum-variance state estimates (known as the “extended Kalman filter (EKF)”) is derived. The same local linear approximation of the state equation is used to develop an optimal prediction equation for the future states. The prediction equation is made linear with respect to the undecided control input moves by making linear approximations dual to those made for the EKF. As a result of these approximations, increase in the computational demand over linear MFC is quite mild. The prediction equation can be computed via noniterative nonlinear integration. Minimization of the weighted 2-norm of the tracking errors with various constraints can be solved via quadratic programming. Connections with previously published successive linearization based approaches of nonlinear quadratic dynamic matrix control are made. Under restrictive assumptions on the external disturbances and measurement noise, the proposed algorithm reduces to these techniques. Potential benefits, hazards and shortcomings of the proposed technique are pointed out using a control problem arising in a paper machine. © 1994, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. | ["Lee J.H.", "Ricker N.L."] | ["7601469011", "7003936431"] | 1,994 | 233 | [] | 10.1021/ie00030a013 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011754", "name": "Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5127, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Auburn, Alabama 36849-5127, United States", "departmentId": "113870936"}, {"id": "60015481", "name": "Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Seattle, Washington 98195, United States", "departmentId": "108230242"}] |
1,291 | 72,787 | The exact number of solutions for a class of ordinary differential equations through Morse Index computation | Journal of Differential Equations | We consider a class of second order ordinary differential equations with jumping nonlinearities that cross the first k eigenvalues, under zero boundary conditions and, by means of a Morse Index computation, show the existence of exactly 2k solutions. © 1992. | ["Costa D.G.", "de Figueiredo D.G.", "Srikanth P.N."] | ["7201884721", "55666176700", "6602148550"] | 1,992 | 24 | [] | 10.1016/0022-0396(92)90150-L | Article | English | [{"id": "60024989", "name": "Departamento de Matemática, Universidade de Brasilia, 70910 Brasilia D.F., Brazil", "fullName": "Departamento de Matemática, Universidade de Brasilia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "70910 Brasilia D.F., Brazil", "departmentId": "104259775"}, {"id": "60029570", "name": "IMECC-UNICAMP, Caixa Postal 6065, 13081 Campinas S. P., Brazil", "fullName": "IMECC-UNICAMP", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Caixa Postal 6065, 13081 Campinas S. P., Brazil", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60014097", "name": "Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560012, P.O. Box 1234, Indian Institute Science Campus, India", "fullName": "Tata Institute of Fundamental Research", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Bangalore, 560012, P.O. Box 1234, Indian Institute Science Campus, India", "departmentId": null}] |
1,292 | 72,937 | On the factoriality of local rings of small embedding codimension | Communications in Algebra | null | ["Hartshorne R.", "Ogus A."] | ["6603833564", "6603699229"] | 1,974 | 45 | [] | 10.1080/00927877408548627 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025038", "name": "Mathematics Department, University of California, Berkeley, Ca., 94709, United States", "fullName": "Mathematics Department, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, Ca., 94709, United States", "departmentId": "108383249"}, {"id": "60003269", "name": "Mathematics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J., 08540, United States", "fullName": "Mathematics Department, Princeton University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Princeton, N. J., 08540, United States", "departmentId": "103216345"}] |
1,293 | 72,990 | Computation of dense random packings of hard spheres | The Journal of Chemical Physics | A computer based method of generating a random close packing of hard spheres is described. The largest assembly that has been produced contains 5402 spheres. The packing density is approximately 62.8% for large assemblies, though the density falls slightly as the size of the assembly increases. The pair distribution has been determined for a spherical assembly of 3900 spheres. The computed assembly is compared with the ball-bearing assembly of Scott which is about 0.8% more dense. The computer method gives the sphere positions with great precision so that the first peak of the pair distribution is much sharper for the computed assembly than for the ball-bearing assembly. The split in the second peak of the pair distribution of the ball-bearing assembly is absent from the computed assemblies. | ["Adams D.J.", "Matheson A.J."] | ["55460433000", "23001420700"] | 1,972 | 104 | [] | 10.1063/1.1677488 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001359", "name": "Department of Chemistry, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, University of Essex", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Colchester, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "105204597"}] |
1,294 | 73,056 | Transition to topological chaos for circle maps | Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena | Many biperiodic flows can be modelled by maps of a circle to itself. For such maps the transition from zero to positive topological entropy can be achieved in several ways. We describe all the possible routes for smooth circle maps, and discuss the relevance of our results to the transition to chaos for two-frequency systems. © 1986. | ["Mackay R.S.", "Tresser C."] | ["15742541200", "7004211835"] | 1,986 | 102 | [] | 10.1016/0167-2789(86)90020-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022020", "name": "Mathematics Institute, University of Warick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Mathematics Institute, University of Warick", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "100296461"}, {"id": null, "name": "LA 190, Parc Valrose, 06034 Nice Cedex, France", "fullName": null, "reference": "b", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,295 | 73,079 | The processing of information by industrial buyers | Industrial Marketing Management | null | ["Luffman G."] | ["6505991745"] | 1,974 | 17 | [] | 10.1016/0019-8501(74)90034-0 | Article | English | [] |
1,296 | 73,104 | The existence and structure of extremals for a class of second order infinite horizon variational problems | Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications | null | ["Zaslavski A.J."] | ["7006164648"] | 1,995 | 21 | [] | 10.1006/jmaa.1995.1323 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022403", "name": "Technion-Israel Institue Technology, Depertment of mathemetics, 32000 Haifa, Israel", "fullName": "Technion-Israel Institue Technology, Depertment of mathemetics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "32000 Haifa, Israel", "departmentId": "104144543"}] |
1,297 | 73,154 | Coupling proximal methods and variational convergence | ZOR Zeitschrift fü Operations Research Methods and Models of Operations Research | An approximation method which combines a data perturbation by variational convergence with the proximal point algorithm, is presented. Conditions which guarantee convergence, are provided and an application to the partial inverse method is given. © 1993 Physica-Verlag. | ["Moudafi A."] | ["6603807538"] | 1,993 | 10 | ["Hausdorff distance", "Maximal monotone operator", "partial inverse", "proximal point algorithm", "variational convergence"] | 10.1007/BF01416609 | Article | English | [{"id": "60108488", "name": "U.S.T.L. Laboratoire d'Analyse Convexe Département de Mathématiques, Montpellier, 34096, Place Eugene Bataillon, France", "fullName": "U.S.T.L. Laboratoire d'Analyse Convexe Département de Mathématiques", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Montpellier, 34096, Place Eugene Bataillon, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,298 | 73,296 | Rates of convergence for the maximum likelihood estimator in mixture models | Journal of Nonparametric Statistics | This paper studies the maximum likelihood estimator f̂<sub>n</sub> of an unknown density f<sub>o</sub>∈ℱ, where ℱ is a given convex class of densities. In a mixture model, ℱ can be seen as the convex hull of a collection script K sign of kernels. It is shown that the dimension of script K sign and the behaviour of f<sub>o</sub> near zero determine a rate of convergence in Hellinger distance of f̂<sub>n</sub>. | ["Van De Geer S."] | ["6603083364"] | 1,996 | 21 | ["Convex hull", "Entropy", "Hellinger distance", "Maximum likelihood", "Mixture model", "Rate of convergence"] | 10.1080/10485259608832677 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019816", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Leiden, 2300 RA Leiden, P.O. BOX 9512, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Leiden", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "2300 RA Leiden, P.O. BOX 9512, Netherlands", "departmentId": "104010050"}] |
1,299 | 73,334 | Do children have to remember to reason? A fuzzy-trace theory of transitivity development | Developmental Review | An idea that has become commonplace in the literature on cognitive development is that the solution of thinking and reasoning problems requires that children retain accurate representations of certain background facts in short-term memory. This reasoning/remembering hypothesis is reexamined with reference to the one childhood cognitive task for which the validity of the hypothesis seems to be firmly established, transitive inference. Although the hypothesis says that children's transitive inferences are critically dependent on memory for the initial premise information, it is shown in six experiments that transitivity and premise memory are independent abilities in children. A fuzzy-trace theory is developed to explain this surprising independence effect. The theory assumes that children retain only degraded, schematic representations (fuzzy traces) of the overall pattern of an ordered series and that performance on subsequent test trials is mediated by processing operations that flesh out vague pattern information. Some further experiments that were designed to test various predictions of the fuzzy-trace theory are reported. Last, it is shown that reasoning and remembering are independent abilities in some other childhood cognitive tasks for which the initial background facts are not logically inescapable components of the eventual solution. These reasoning/remembering independence effects argue for an increased emphasis on encoding selectivity in theories of cognitive development. © 1984. | ["Brainerd C.J.", "Kingma J."] | ["7003600416", "35431742100"] | 1,984 | 81 | [] | 10.1016/0273-2297(84)90021-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030835", "name": "University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada", "fullName": "University of Alberta", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Edmonton, Canada", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60020599", "name": "Twente University of Technology, Enschede, Netherlands", "fullName": "Twente University of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Enschede, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}] |
1,300 | 73,351 | An algorithm for the solution of the 0-1 knapsack problem | Computing | A new implicit enumeration algorithm for the solution of the 0-1 knapsack problem - denoted by FPK 79 - is proposed. The implementation of the associated FORTRAN IV subroutine is then described. Computational results prove the efficiency of this algorithm (practically linear time complexity including the initial arrangement of the data) whose performance is generally better than that of algorithm 37 and thus superior to that of the best known algorithms. © 1982 Springer-Verlag. | ["Fayard D.", "Plateau G."] | ["6507542121", "55925136800"] | 1,982 | 30 | ["AMS Subject Classification: 90-04, 90C08, 90C09", "Binary knapsack", "integer programming"] | 10.1007/BF02241754 | Article | English | [{"id": "101255213", "name": "I. U. T. Orsay Plateau du Moulon, Orsay Cedex, 91406, B.P. 23, France", "fullName": "I. U. T. Orsay Plateau du Moulon", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Orsay Cedex, 91406, B.P. 23, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60104665", "name": "U. S. T. Lille I, IEEA Informatique, Villeneuve D'Ascq Cedex, 59655, Bât. M 3, France", "fullName": "U. S. T. Lille I, IEEA Informatique", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Villeneuve D'Ascq Cedex, 59655, Bât. M 3, France", "departmentId": "124157347"}] |
1,301 | 73,382 | Bayesian capture-recapture methods for error detection and estimation of population size: Heterogeneity and dependence | Biometrika | This paper considers estimation of the unknown size N of a population based on multiple capture-recapture samples. We extend the Bayesian multiple recapture model to accommodate possible heterogeneity and dependence among the samples and possible heterogeneity within the samples. In the dependent model, we show that posterior inference for N is independent of almost all the nuisance parameters. We develop a flexible Bayesian model for heterogeneity within samples and demonstrate how Gibbs sampling can be used to calculate the Bayesian estimator for N and other quantities of interest. The performance of the proposed estimators is evaluated by simulation under both correct and incorrect model specifications, and we illustrate our methods in two examples about software review and estimation of a cottontail rabbit population. © 2001 Biometrika Trust. | ["Basu S.", "Ebrahimi N."] | ["57189022275", "7006136893"] | 2,001 | 44 | ["Capture-recapture", "Closed population estimation", "Gibbs sampling", "Software review", "Variable capture probability"] | 10.1093/biomet/88.1.269 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009550", "name": "Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, United States", "fullName": "Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "DeKalb, IL, United States", "departmentId": "103523731"}] |
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