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1,002 | 56,189 | Some optimum and suboptimum frame synchronizers for binary data in gaussian noise | IEEE Transactions on Communications | In this correspondence we investigate the performance of several optimum and suboptimum devices for locating a sync word in data corrupted by Gaussian noise. One suboptimum synchronizer, which is extremely simple to instrument, is shown to perform virtually optimally over the entire range of interesting signal-to-noise ratios. Copyright © 1973 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. | ["Nielsen P.T."] | ["7402902964"] | 1,973 | 72 | [] | 10.1109/TCOM.1973.1091725 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011373", "name": "Laboratory for Communication Theory, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark", "fullName": "Laboratory for Communication Theory, Technical University of Denmark", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Lyngby, Denmark", "departmentId": "106116305"}] |
1,003 | 56,313 | First and second order transition of frustrated Heisenberg spin systems | European Physical Journal B | Starting from the hypothesis of a second order transition we have studied modifications of the original Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a stacked triangular lattice (STA-model) by the Monte Carlo technique. The change is a local constraint restricting the spins at the corners of selected triangles to add up to zero without stopping them from moving freely (STAR-model). We have studied also the closely related dihedral and trihedral models which can be classified as Stiefel models. We have found indications of a first order transition for all three modified models instead of a universal critical behavior. This is in accordance with the renormalization group investigations but disagrees with the Monte Carlo simulations of the original STA-model favoring a new universality class. For the corresponding x-y antiferromagnet studied before, the second order nature of the transition could also not be confirmed. | ["Loison D.", "Schotte K.D."] | ["6603889849", "6603707294"] | 2,000 | 29 | ["05.70.Fh Phase transitions: General studies", "64.60.Cn Order disorder transformations; statistical mechanics of model systems", "75.10.-b General theory and models of magnetic ordering"] | 10.1007/s100510050113 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030718", "name": "Inst. für Theoretische Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Arnimallee 14, Germany", "fullName": "Inst. für Theoretische Physik, Freie Universität Berlin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "14195 Berlin, Arnimallee 14, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60134716", "name": "Lab. de Phys. Theor. et Modelisation, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95302 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, 2 avenue A. Chauvin, France", "fullName": "Lab. de Phys. Theor. et Modelisation, Université de Cergy-Pontoise", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "95302 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, 2 avenue A. Chauvin, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,004 | 56,369 | Spectral diffusion of individual pentacene molecules in P-terphenyl crystal: Stochastic theoretical model and analysis of experimental data | The Journal of Chemical Physics | We propose a microscopic theoretical model to explain recent experiments involving the spectral diffusion of individual pentacene molecules embedded in p-terphenyl crystal. The experimental spectral diffusion trajectories are analyzed in terms of three stochastic characterizations: The time autocorrelation of transition frequency fluctuations, the time-dependent distribution of spectral jumps, and the equilibrium distribution of frequencies. The observed spectral diffusion is well described by our model, and we determine detailed quantitative information about the localized excitations that are responsible for the fluctuations in the pentacene transition frequency. We find that the spectral diffusion of the pentacene transition is caused by the reorientation of the central phenyl ring in the p-terphenyl molecule, and that this reorientation can only occur at a wall between domains of different central phenyl ring ordering. Furthermore, we find that only those pentacene molecules that reside within a few lattice spacings of these domain walls exhibit spectral diffusion. © 1995 American Institute of Physics. | ["Reilly P.D.", "Skinner J.L."] | ["7202795824", "7401822044"] | 1,995 | 66 | [] | 10.1063/1.468886 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032179", "name": "Theoretical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States", "fullName": "Theoretical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Madison, WI 53706, United States", "departmentId": "108213137"}] |
1,005 | 56,395 | A fluorine-19 NMR approach for studying merrifield solid-phase peptide syntheses | Tetrahedron Letters | null | ["Manatt S.L.", "Amsden C.F.", "Bettison C.A.", "Frazer W.T.", "Gudman J.T.", "Lenk B.E.", "Lubetich J.F.", "McNelly E.A.", "Smith S.C.", "Templeton D.J.", "Pinnell R.P."] | ["56628075500", "24532757500", "24532624300", "24533911500", "24533547200", "24534567400", "24534541200", "36979605900", "24535582500", "24536293300", "6506793154"] | 1,980 | 32 | [] | 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)92729-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031581", "name": "Information Systems Research Section, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91103, United States", "fullName": "Information Systems Research Section, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pasadena, CA 91103, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60004191", "name": "Joint Science Department, Scripps, Claremont, CA 91711, Pitzer and Claremont Men's Colleges, United States", "fullName": "Joint Science Department, Scripps", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Claremont, CA 91711, Pitzer and Claremont Men's Colleges, United States", "departmentId": "103259807"}] |
1,006 | 56,403 | Paradigms and Algorithms for Controlling Molecular Motion | Accounts of Chemical Research | null | ["Neuhauser D.", "Rabitz H."] | ["7006673921", "36043900100"] | 1,993 | 46 | [] | 10.1021/ar00033a007 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003269", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544, Princeton, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Princeton University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New Jersey 08544, Princeton, United States", "departmentId": "113623283"}] |
1,007 | 56,501 | Vehicle antilock braking and traction control: A theoretical study | International Journal of Systems Science | A longitudinal one-wheel vehicle model is described for both antilock braking and traction control acceleration. Based on this vehicle model, a time-optimal solution is obtained for the vehicle straight-line antilock braking and traction control acceleration. The optimal solution suggests ‘bang-bang’ control and leads to the development of sliding-mode control for antilock braking and traction control. Sufficient conditions for applying sliding-mode control to regulate vehicle traction are derived via Lyapunov stability theory. With the understanding of these sufficient conditions, variable-structure control laws are designed to control vehicle traction. Both the sufficient conditions and the control laws for antilock braking are verified using computer simulations. © 1992 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. | ["Tan H.-S.", "Chin Y.-K."] | ["7403007972", "7102709170"] | 1,992 | 18 | [] | 10.1080/00207729208949211 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005304", "name": "Missile Systems Group, Hughes Aircraft Company, CA, 91304, Canoga Park, United States", "fullName": "Missile Systems Group, Hughes Aircraft Company", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "CA, 91304, Canoga Park, United States", "departmentId": "112508253"}, {"id": "60000501", "name": "Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, MI, 48090-9055, United States", "fullName": "Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, General Motors Research Laboratories", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Warren, MI, 48090-9055, United States", "departmentId": "103064142"}] |
1,008 | 56,529 | Exceptional Family of Elements for a Variational Inequality Problem and its Applications | Journal of Global Optimization | This paper introduces a new concept of exceptional family of elements (abbreviated, exceptional family) for a finite-dimensional nonlinear variational inequality problem. By using this new concept, we establish a general sufficient condition for the existence of a solution to the problem. Such a condition is used to develop several new existence theorems. Among other things, a sufficient and necessary condition for the solvability of pseudo-monotone variational inequality problem is proved. The notion of coercivity of a function and related classical existence theorems for variational inequality are also generalized. Finally, a solution condition for a class of nonlinear complementarity problems with so-called P<sub>*</sub>-mappings is also obtained. | ["Zhao Y.B.", "Han J."] | ["7406635753", "7406441253"] | 1,999 | 45 | ["Complementarity problem", "Exceptional family of elements", "Generalized monotonicity", "Nonlinear variational inequality", "P<sub>*</sub>-mapping"] | 10.1023/A:1008202323884 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019499", "name": "Institute of Applied Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, P.O. Box 2734, China", "fullName": "Institute of Applied Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Beijing, 100080, P.O. Box 2734, China", "departmentId": null}] |
1,009 | 56,534 | On the existence of optimal processes in non-stationary environments | Journal of Economics Zeitschrift für Nationalökonomie | We consider an aggregative model of intertemporal allocation under uncertainty, in which the utility and production functions are allowed to be time dependent, the random shocks occurring in each period are entirely arbitrary, and the production functions are permitted to be non-concave. In this framework, we provide a theorem on the existence of infinite-horizon optimal processes. In the course of establishing this result, we obtain the existence of optimal policy functions and we show that they are monotone in the stock levels. © 1991 Springer-Verlag. | ["Mitra T.", "Nyarko Y."] | ["7006857179", "6602318992"] | 1,991 | 10 | [] | 10.1007/BF01227624 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007776", "name": "Department of Economics, College of Art and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, NY, Uris Hall, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, College of Art and Sciences, Cornell University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ithaca, 14853, NY, Uris Hall, United States", "departmentId": "103427130"}, {"id": "60021784", "name": "Department of Economics, New York University, New York, 10003, NY, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, New York University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "New York, 10003, NY, United States", "departmentId": "104112679"}] |
1,010 | 56,713 | The war of attrition with incomplete information | Mathematical Social Sciences | We present a continuous-time model of the war of attrition with exponential discounting and with two-sided incomplete information. We provide a full characterization of the Bayesian Equilibria of this game, without restricting strategies to be differentiable. © 1995. | ["Ponsati C.", "Sákovics J."] | ["6602242248", "6602854074"] | 1,995 | 24 | ["Concession games", "War of attrition"] | 10.1016/0165-4896(94)00771-Y | Article | English | [{"id": "60023020", "name": "Department D'Economia i D'Historia Econòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08139 Barcelona, Spain", "fullName": "Department D'Economia i D'Historia Econòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bellaterra, 08139 Barcelona, Spain", "departmentId": "104169644"}, {"id": "60006754", "name": "Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica, CSIC, Bellaterra, 08139 Barcelona, Campus UAB, Spain", "fullName": "Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica, CSIC", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Bellaterra, 08139 Barcelona, Campus UAB, Spain", "departmentId": null}] |
1,011 | 56,755 | Error bounds for the finite element approximation of a degenerate quasilinear parabolic variational inequality | Advances in Computational Mathematics | In this paper, we establish some error bounds for the continuous piecewise linear finite element approximation of the following problem: Let Ω be an open set in ℝ<sup>d</sup>, with d=1 or 2. Given T>0, p ∈ (1, ∞), f and u<sub>0</sub>; find u ∈K, where K is a closed convex subset of the Sobolev space W<sub>0</sub><sup>1, p</sup>(Ω), such that for any v∈K {Mathematical expression} We prove error bounds in energy type norms for the fully discrete approximation using the backward Euler time discretisation. In some notable cases, these error bounds converge at the optimal rate with respect to the space discretisation, provided the solution u is sufficiently regular. © 1993 J.C. Baltzer AG, Science Publishers. | ["Liu W.B.", "Barrett J.W."] | ["55723552400", "7403498447"] | 1,993 | 12 | [] | 10.1007/BF02071387 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015150", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Imperial College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London, SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103779517"}] |
1,012 | 56,917 | Adaptive Online Learning Algorithms for Blind Separation: Maximum Entropy and Minimum Mutual Information | Neural Computation | There are two major approaches for blind separation: maximum entropy (ME) and minimum mutual information (MMI). Both can be implemented by the stochastic gradient descent method for obtaining the demixing matrix. The MI is the contrast function for blind separation; the entropy is not. To justify the ME, the relation between ME and MMI is first elucidated by calculating the first derivative of the entropy and proving that the mean subtraction is necessary in applying the ME and at the solution points determined by the MI, the ME will not update the demixing matrix in the directions of increasing the cross-talking. Second, the natural gradient instead of the ordinary gradient is introduced to obtain efficient algorithms, because the parameter space is a Riemannian space consisting of matrices. The mutual information is calculated by applying the Gram-Charlier expansion to approximate probability density functions of the outputs. Finally, we propose an efficient learning algorithm that incorporates with an adaptive method of estimating the unknown cumulants. It is shown by computer simulation that the convergence of the stochastic descent algorithms is improved by using the natural gradient and the adaptively estimated cumulants. | ["Yang H.H.", "Amari S.-I."] | ["7406563875", "35553922600"] | 1,997 | 267 | [] | 10.1162/neco.1997.9.7.1457 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016648", "name": "Lab. for Information Representation, FRP, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-01, Hirosawa 2-1, Japan", "fullName": "Lab. for Information Representation, FRP, RIKEN", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Wako-shi, Saitama 351-01, Hirosawa 2-1, Japan", "departmentId": "103857770"}] |
1,013 | 56,923 | Improved Operation for Esophageal Rupture | JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association | null | ["Thal A.P.", "Hatafuku T."] | ["7004265584", "6602845291"] | 1,964 | 77 | [] | 10.1001/jama.1964.03060350052018 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019595", "name": "Robert S. Marx Surgical Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Wayne State University College of Medicine, Receiving Hospital, Detroit, United States", "fullName": "Robert S. Marx Surgical Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Wayne State University College of Medicine, Receiving Hospital", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Detroit, United States", "departmentId": "100243361"}] |
1,014 | 57,038 | Rhodium catalysed [2+2+2] cycloadditions- an efficient regiospecific route to calomelanolactone | Tetrahedron Letters | A short regiospecific synthesis of calomelanolactone has been devised in which the key step is a [2+2+2] cycloaddition. © 1988. | ["Neeson S.J.", "Stevenson P.J."] | ["24348640100", "7102757976"] | 1,988 | 17 | [] | 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)80217-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029738", "name": "Ireland", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ireland", "departmentId": "113063633"}] |
1,015 | 57,104 | Public journalism and commercial local television news: In search of a model | Journalism and Mass Communication Quaterly | This research examines how commercial local television news operations alter organizational routines by changing coverage expectations. It is a case study of eight top television news organizations in small, medium, and large television markets. This research provides a better understanding of how news managers can change work routines without upsetting the journalistic normative structure. It looks at how television stations can operate within a profit-driven system to achieve goals of value to the civic community. | ["Kurpius D.D."] | ["6603091147"] | 2,000 | 17 | [] | 10.1177/107769900007700208 | Article | English | [{"id": "100360845", "name": "The Manship School of Mass Communication, Louisiana State University, United States", "fullName": "The Manship School of Mass Communication, Louisiana State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": "124302607"}] |
1,016 | 57,137 | Free energy of a charge distribution in concentric dielectric continua | Journal of Physical Chemistry | A theoretical treatment for dealing with the energetics of an arbitrary charge distribution imbedded in a central spherical cavity surrounded by two concentric dielectric continua is described. The results provide a general means for treating environmental effects using the continuum model. The form of the solution is particularly suited to identifying the contributions of the various dielectric regions. | ["Beveridge D.L.", "Schnuelle G.W."] | ["7005401251", "56897631000"] | 1,975 | 114 | [] | 10.1021/j100590a024 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007033", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New York, NY 10021, United States", "departmentId": "103198681"}] |
1,017 | 57,160 | Fault-tolerant design of neural networks for solving optimization problems | IEEE Transactions on Computers | First, the incorporation of the alternative ways of representing the solution to the traveling salesman problem by neural network is proposed to deal with the asymmetric tolerance of neural networks to unidirectional faults. Next, in order to cope with the simultaneous occurrence of a s-a-0 and s-a-1 faults, the triplication scheme with a proper merging function is considered. Finally, the combination of the alternative representations and the triplication acheme is used. ©1996 IEEE. | ["Tohma Y.", "Koyanagi Y."] | ["7006881865", "7103259792"] | 1,996 | 9 | ["Fault tolerance", "Mixed stuck-type fault", "Neural network", "Optimization problem", "Unidirectional fault"] | 10.1109/12.545976 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000251", "name": "IEEE", "fullName": "IEEE", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60003414", "name": "Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Tokyo Denki University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Tokyo, Japan", "departmentId": "109528851"}, {"id": "60007951", "name": "Fujitsu Laboratories, Kawasaki, Japan", "fullName": "Fujitsu Laboratories", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Kawasaki, Japan", "departmentId": null}] |
1,018 | 57,166 | Low-temperature dynamical simulation of spin-boson systems | Physical Review B | The dynamics of spin-boson systems at very low temperatures has been studied using a real-time path-integral simulation technique, which combines a stochastic Monte Carlo sampling over the quantum fluctuations with an exact treatment of the quasiclassical degrees of freedom. To a large degree, this special technique circumvents the dynamical sign problem and allows the dynamics to be studied directly up to long real times in a numerically exact manner. This method has been applied to two important problems: (1) crossover from nonadiabatic to adiabatic behavior in electron-transfer reactions, (2) the zero-temperature dynamics in the antiferromagnetic Kondo region 1/2<K<1, where K is Kondos parameter. © 1994 The American Physical Society. | ["Egger R.", "Mak C.H."] | ["57206383950", "7102876303"] | 1,994 | 159 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.15210 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029311", "name": "Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0482, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90089-0482, United States", "departmentId": "100260395"}] |
1,019 | 57,317 | The nominal interest rate as a predictor of inflation: A re-examination of the underlying model | Applied Financial Economics | This paper examines the viability of using short-term interest rates to forecast inflation as implied by the Fisher hypothesis. A major problem with this approach is the implicit assumption that the real interest rate is constant and that the relationship between inflation and interest rate does not change over time. We demonstrate, using US quarterly data, that the relaxation of these assumptions produces a model with a higher degree of forecasting accuracy and efficiency. | ["Moosa I.A.", "Kwiecien J."] | ["7006511199", "7003567009"] | 1,999 | 3 | [] | 10.1080/096031099332221 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006925", "name": "Department of Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia", "fullName": "Department of Economics and Finance, La Trobe University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia", "departmentId": null}] |
1,020 | 57,381 | Character formulas for the N = 4 superconformal algebra | Physics Letters B | We classify all unitary representations of the N = 4 superconformal algebra and present their character formulas. © 1988. | ["Eguchi T.", "Taormina A."] | ["7201863238", "6603060260"] | 1,988 | 103 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(88)90778-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60210266", "name": "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, 24, rue Lhomond, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, l'Ecole Normale Supérieure", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, 24, rue Lhomond, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,021 | 57,404 | On the variation with respect to a parameter of zeros of Bessel and q-Bessel functions | Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications | We apply what is essentially the Hellmann-Feynman theorem in a discrete setting to derive representations for the derivatives with respect to a parameter of the positive zeros of a family of entire functions. These representations prove that the zeros are monotone functions of the parameters involved. This family includes the Bessel functions J<sub>v</sub>(x) and their basic analog J<sub>v</sub><sup>(2)</sup>(x; q). As a by-product we show that j<sub>v, 1</sub><sup>2</sup> (v + 1) increases with v when v ε{lunate} (-1, ∞), j<sub>v, 1</sub> being the smallest positive zero of J<sub>v</sub>(x). We also use the Lommel polynomials to derive improved lower bounds for the smallest positive zero of J<sub>v</sub>(x). © 1988. | ["Ismail M.E.H.", "Muldoon M.E."] | ["57203053107", "7005439755"] | 1,988 | 34 | [] | 10.1016/0022-247X(88)90148-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007740", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of South Florida", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tampa, FL 33620, United States", "departmentId": "103423235"}, {"id": "60033420", "name": "Department of Mathematics, York University, North York, Ont. M3J 1P3, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, York University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "North York, Ont. M3J 1P3, Canada", "departmentId": "104699177"}] |
1,022 | 57,447 | Scale dependence of Λ<sub>MS</sub> from deep inelastic scattering | Physics Letters B | Precision measurements of Λ<sub>MS</sub> from deep inelastic scattering traditionally use a fixed renormalization scale μ=Q. This is in contrast to measurements in e<sup>+</sup>e<sup>-</sup> annihilation, where "scale dependence" is an important source of uncertainty on the value of Λ<sub>MS</sub>. We extend our previous determination Λ<sub>MS</sub> to allow for different scale choices. We find that our previous value of α<sub>s</sub>(M<sub>z</sub>)=0.109<sub>-0.005</sub><sup>+0.004</sup> becomes α<sub>s</sub>(M<sub>z</sub>)=0.109<sub>-0.008</sub><sup>+0.007</sup> when a reasonable variation of scale is included. We discuss the implications of this result for recent attempts to obtain information on the scale of supersymmetry from coupling constant unification. © 1991. | ["Martin A.D.", "Stirling W.J.", "Roberts R.G."] | ["7404932388", "55663829200", "7404280867"] | 1,991 | 29 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90763-G | Article | English | [{"id": "60022175", "name": "Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Physics, University of Durham", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104135637"}, {"id": "60023254", "name": "Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
1,023 | 57,495 | Universal Hashing and Geometric Codes | Designs, Codes, and Cryptography | We describe a new application of algebraic coding theory to universal hashing and authentication without secrecy. This permits to make use of the hitherto sharpest weapon of coding theory, the construction of codes from algebraic curves. We show in particular how codes derived from Artin-Schreier curves, Hermitian curves and Suzuki curves yield classes of universal hash functions which are substantially better than those known before. | ["Bierbrauer J."] | ["20833253500"] | 1,997 | 20 | ["Alebraic curves", "Authentication", "Orthogonal array", "Reed-Solomon code", "Suzuki code", "Universal hashing", "Weierstraßpoint"] | 10.1023/A:1008226810363 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016536", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Houghton, MI 49931, United States", "departmentId": "105470807"}] |
1,024 | 57,633 | The metabolic clearance rate of aldosterone in pregnant and nonpregnant subjects estimated by both single-injection and constant-infusion methods. | The Journal of clinical investigation | null | ["TAIT J.F.", "LITTLE B.", "TAIT S.A.", "FLOOD C."] | ["35451216800", "7202533332", "7006613328", "7004504994"] | 1,962 | 85 | [] | 10.1172/JCI104667 | Article | English | [] |
1,025 | 57,642 | Accurate downdating of a modified Gram-Schmidt QR decomposition | BIT Numerical Mathematics | A new algorithm for downdating a QR decomposition is presented. We show that, when the columns in the Q factor from the Modified Gram-Schmidt QR decomposition of a matrix X are exactly orthonormal, the Gram-Schmidt downdating algorithm for the QR decomposition of X is equivalent to downdating the full Householder QR decomposition of the matrix X augmented by an n x n zero matrix on top. Using this relation, we derive an algorithm that improves the Gram-Schmidt downdating algorithm when the columns in the Q factor are not orthonormal. Numerical test results show that the new algorithm produces far more accurate results than the GramSchmidt downdating algorithm for certain ill-conditioned problems. | ["Yoo K.", "Park H."] | ["7202592681", "7601569954"] | 1,996 | 17 | ["Gram-Schmidt downdating algorithm", "Householder transformation", "Least squares problems", "Modified Gram-Schmidt algorithm", "QR decomposition downdating", "Reorthogonalization"] | 10.1007/BF01740553 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029445", "name": "Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States", "departmentId": "108100954"}] |
1,026 | 57,653 | Accuracy Improvement of Three-Axis CNC Machining Centers by Quasi-Static Error Compensation | Journal of Manufacturing Systems | This paper discusses the development of a general quasi-static error model for multiaxis CNC machining centers using rigid body kinematics. To predict the quasi-static errors at any point in the workspace, a new method was proposed using the meshing concepts developed in the finite element method literature. Taking the nonlinearity of quasi-static errors into account, computational approaches to compensating errors of the basic motions of a CNC machine are developed. The strategies developed are tested on a CNC machine, and the results show that a 80-90% reduction of quasi-static errors is gained after introducing compensation. | ["Chen X.B.", "Geddam A.", "Yuan Z.U."] | ["10439272200", "6602698457", "56322770700"] | 1,997 | 25 | ["Error Compensation", "Model", "Nonlinearity", "Quasi-Static Errors"] | 10.1016/S0278-6125(97)88463-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013983", "name": "City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong", "fullName": "City University of Hong Kong", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hong Kong, Hong Kong", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60019616", "name": "Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China", "fullName": "Harbin Institute of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Harbin, China", "departmentId": null}] |
1,027 | 57,684 | Endomorphisms of abelian varieties and points of finite order in characteristic p | Mathematical Notes of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR | An analog of the Tate hypothesis on homomorphisms of Abelian varieties is proved, in which points of sufficiently large prime order figure in place of the Tate modules. As is the case with the Tate hypothesis, this assertion follows formally from a finiteness hypothesis for isogenies of Abelian varieties, which is proved in characteristic p > 2 and for finite fields. The same methods are used to prove the finiteness of the set of Abelian varieties of a given dimension over a finite field. © 1977 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Zarkhin Yu.G."] | ["6701849844"] | 1,977 | 15 | [] | 10.1007/BF01410167 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021331", "name": "Computational Research Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Russia", "fullName": "Computational Research Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Russia", "departmentId": "104086814"}] |
1,028 | 57,792 | N-representability problem: Particle-hole equivalence | Journal of Mathematical Physics | It is shown that every p matrix has a dual matrix which describes the p-hole properties of the system. A general procedure is given for using particle-hole equivalence to obtain new N-representability conditions. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions are given for both pure and ensemble N-representability of p matrices whose 1-rank is N + p. | ["Ruskai M.B."] | ["6701694464"] | 1,970 | 33 | [] | 10.1063/1.1665118 | Article | English | [{"id": "60069926", "name": "Institut de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, Battelle Institute Advanced Studies Center, Geneva, Switzerland", "fullName": "Institut de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, Battelle Institute Advanced Studies Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Geneva, Switzerland", "departmentId": null}] |
1,029 | 57,814 | Wavelet analysis of ADITYA edge turbulence: Evidence of non-linear interaction | Physics of Plasmas | The edge turbulence in the ADITYA tokamak [Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1375 (1992)] is examined using wavelet analysis techniques. The wavelet filters are used to separate low and high frequency components. The filtered plasma density and floating potential fluctuations show leptokurtic non-Gaussianity (kurtosis, K>3) at high frequencies, whereas, the low frequency components are nearly Gaussian. The recently developed wavelet bicoherence technique [Phys. Plasmas 2, 3017 (1995)] is extended to the Mexican hat wavelet. When the data are examined using wavelet bicoherence technique, it is found that the turbulent density and potential signals exhibit episodes of quadratic interaction in which low and high frequency components are coupled. © 1996 American Institute of Physics. | ["Jha R.", "Saxena Y.C."] | ["57203052568", "7003457183"] | 1,996 | 15 | [] | 10.1063/1.871633 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014409", "name": "Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 424, India", "fullName": "Institute for Plasma Research", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 424, India", "departmentId": null}] |
1,030 | 57,830 | Automatic differentiation in robust optimization | AIAA Journal | In this study the use of automatic differentiation techniques significantly reduces the number of analysis calls and the CPU time required for robust optimum design. Traditionally, robust optimum design procedures have relied on finite differencing techniques to evaluate sensitivities for use in gradient-based optimization. Robust objective functions and robust constraints are typically formulated as compound functions that invoke the original objective or constraint many times for each robust evaluation. In this research, automatic differentiation techniques are used to avoid the costly finite differencing of robust objective functions and robust constraints. Sensitivities calculated using automatic differentiation are exact and therefore enhance performance. Two new robust optimization extensions are developed to evaluate the utility of using automatic differentiation in robust optimization. One is a sensitivity-based procedure, and the other makes use of experimental design techniques. These two new robust optimization extensions are successfully implemented in application to an aircraft concept sizing test problem. | ["Su J.", "Renaud J.E."] | ["7401682206", "57206418336"] | 1,997 | 141 | [] | 10.2514/2.196 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021508", "name": "University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States", "fullName": "University of Notre Dame", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "101911218", "name": "Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, United States", "fullName": "Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60010401", "name": "AIAA, United States", "fullName": "AIAA", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,031 | 57,847 | Circumferential Gap in a TEo1-Mode-Transmitting Multimode Circular Waveguide | IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques | Higher-order modes produced in a guide and fields radiated out of a guide by a circumferential gap in a multimode circular waveguide that is used for millimeter wave transmission, were investigated by means of fictitious equivalent magnetic current for the gap. These results were compared with the analysis obtained by Bethe's method, which was used for the problem of diffraction of fields by a small hole in a plane conducting sheet. The two results agreed well for narrow gap. © 1968 IEEE. All rights reserved | ["Morita N.", "Nakanishi Y."] | ["7203027902", "7403218648"] | 1,968 | 9 | [] | 10.1109/TMTT.1968.1126639 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024322", "name": "Department of Communication Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Communication Engineering, Osaka University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Osaka, Japan", "departmentId": "113089396"}] |
1,032 | 58,080 | Sensor fusion for monitoring machine tool conditions | International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing | A unique multisensory tool monitoring system using machine vision and vibration sensors has been developed for turning operations. Vibration signals from the tool are monitored on-line using a piezoelectric accelerometer mounted on the tool holder and the tool condition is monitored periodically using a vision sensory system. Images of the tool are frame grabbed between cuts. The developed image processing algorithm uses neural network mathematics to measure the tool wear in the captured images. The inputs to the neural network are a set of vectors defining the characteristics of the tool surface such as surface curvature. Features such as area, perimeter, width and height of the worn area are measured to identify the extent of the tool wear. The system is unique in that it combines an indirect tool monitoring technique, vibration monitoring, with a direct visual monitoring technique. The addition of the vision system increases the reliability of the monitoring system by detecting false signals received from the vibration sensor. The vibration sensor, on the other hand, monitors the tool condition on-line and can detect tool breakage. By using both vibration and vision sensory a more accurate tool monitoring system is developed; false calls that may result if any one of these systems is used independently are reduced. © 1997 Taylor & Francis Ltd. | ["Bahr B.", "Motavalli S.", "Arfi T."] | ["7005713684", "6701325102", "6506654461"] | 1,997 | 40 | [] | 10.1080/095119297131066 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017742", "name": "Mechanical Engineering Dept, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, 67260, United States", "fullName": "Mechanical Engineering Dept, Wichita State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Wichita, KS, 67260, United States", "departmentId": "103916230"}, {"id": "60009550", "name": "Dept. Industrial Engineering, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, United States", "fullName": "Dept. Industrial Engineering, Northern Illinois University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "DeKalb, IL, 60115, United States", "departmentId": "112700017"}, {"id": "60076863", "name": "Cessna Aircraft Company, Wichita, KS, 67277, United States", "fullName": "Cessna Aircraft Company", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Wichita, KS, 67277, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,033 | 58,088 | Finding neighbors of equal size in linear quadtrees and octrees in constant time | CVGIP: Image Understanding | Linear quadtrees and octrees are data structures which are of interest in image processing, computer graphics, and solid modeling. Their representation involves spatial addresses called location codes. For many of the operations on objects in linear quadtree and octree representation, finding neighbors is a basic operation. By considering the components of a location code, named dilated integers, a representation and associated addition and subtraction operations may be defined which are efficient in execution. The operations form the basis for the definition of location code addition and subtraction, with which finding neighbors of equal size is accomplished in constant time. The translation of pixels is a related operation. The results for linear quadtrees can be generalized without difficulty to linear octrees. © 1992. | ["Schrack G."] | ["7003761169"] | 1,992 | 54 | [] | 10.1016/1049-9660(92)90022-U | Article | English | [{"id": "60010365", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of British Columbia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada", "departmentId": "105250442"}] |
1,034 | 58,144 | Practitioner as researcher: Some techniques for analysing semi-structured data in small-scale research | British Journal of Educational Studies | null | ["Atkins M.J."] | ["7102310575"] | 1,984 | 16 | [] | 10.1080/00071005.1984.9973691 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006222", "name": "School of Education, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom", "fullName": "School of Education, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103352787"}] |
1,035 | 58,154 | Perfect self-similarity of energy spectra and gap-labeling properties in one-dimensional Fibonacci-class quasilattices | Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics | One-dimensional Fibonacci-class quasilattices are proposed and studied, which are constructed by the substitution rules B→(Formula presented) A, A→(Formula presented) AB. We have proved that this class of binary lattices is self-similar and also quasiperiodic. By the use of the renormalization-group technique, it has been proved that for all Fibonacci-class lattices the electronic energy spectra are perfect self-similar, and the branching rules of spectra are obtained. We analytically prove that each energy gap can be simply labeled by a characteristic integer, i.e., for the Fibonacci-class lattices there is a universal gap-labeling theorem [Phys. Rev. B 46, 9216 (1992)]. © 1997 The American Physical Society. | ["Fu X.", "Liu Y."] | ["55463951000", "7410220259"] | 1,997 | 73 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.2882 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024542", "name": "Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China", "fullName": "Department of Physics, South China University of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Guangzhou 510641, China", "departmentId": "100264929"}] |
1,036 | 58,253 | Molecular properties of cationic antitrypanosomal drugs: a Principal Component Analysis study of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridinium salts | Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM | Bis-cationic amidines and guanylhydrazones show some activity in the chemotherapy of trypanosomiasis. The AM1 hamiltonian was employed to calculate a set of molecular descriptors for 34 derivatives of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridinium salts. The descriptors are further analyzed by the Principal Component Analysis method. This classifies the set of molecules into groups that can be correlated to their activity. Molecular parameters like orbital energy, polarizability and basicity are dominant in the classification. © 1995. | ["de Araujo M.T.", "de M. Carneiro J."] | ["11739111900", "57191086289"] | 1,995 | 4 | [] | 10.1016/0166-1280(94)04006-E | Article | English | [{"id": "60001865", "name": "Departamento de Fisico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24020 Niteroi, RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Outeiro de Sao Joao Batista, s/n, Brazil", "fullName": "Departamento de Fisico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "24020 Niteroi, RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Outeiro de Sao Joao Batista, s/n, Brazil", "departmentId": "103145341"}, {"id": "60001865", "name": "Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24020 Niteroi, RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Outeiro de Sao Joao Batista, s/n, Brazil", "fullName": "Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "24020 Niteroi, RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Outeiro de Sao Joao Batista, s/n, Brazil", "departmentId": "103145384"}] |
1,037 | 58,301 | Biologically active compounds from marine organisms | Pure and Applied Chemistry | In our search for cytotoxic compounds from marine animals we have isolated representatives from various classes of nitrogen-containing compounds, most of which show cytotoxic activity. Structure elucidation of these compounds is discussed. Included among the isolates are new acylated spermidines, polycyclic aromatic alkaloids related to amphimedine and 2-bromoleptoclinidinone, and a representative of a novel sulfur containing 3,5,8-isoquinolinetrione. © 1990 IUPAC | ["Schmitz F.J.", "DeGuzman F.S.", "Choi Y.-H.", "Bilayet M.", "Hossain H.", "Rizvi S.K.", "van der Helm D."] | ["35374670200", "6507199829", "56173138300", "57081577200", "57081045200", "7201786962", "7006235962"] | 1,990 | 28 | [] | 10.1351/pac199062071393 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030931", "name": "Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019-0370, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Norman, OK, 73019-0370, United States", "departmentId": "113171242"}] |
1,038 | 58,320 | Lagrangian flows: The dynamics of globally minimizing orbits - II | Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society | Define the critical level c(L) of a convex superlinear Lagragian L as the infimum of the k ∈ ℝ such that the Lagragian L+k has minimizers with fixed endpoints and free time interval. We provide proofs for Mañé's statements [7] characterizing c(L) in termos of minimizing measures of L, and also giving graph, recurrence covering and cohomology properties for minimizers of L + c(L). It is also proven that c(L) is the infimum of the energy levels k such that the following for of Tonelli's theorem holds: There exists minimizers of the L + k-action joining any two points in the projection of E = k among curves with energy k. © 1997, Sociedade Brasileira de Matemática. | ["Contreras G.", "Delgado J.", "Iturriaga R."] | ["7005168375", "57198051439", "7007029035"] | 1,997 | 62 | [] | 10.1007/BF01233390 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032361", "name": "Depto. de Matemática, PUC-Rio, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, R. Marques de São Vicente, 225, Brazil", "fullName": "Depto. de Matemática, PUC-Rio", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, R. Marques de São Vicente, 225, Brazil", "departmentId": "113712261"}, {"id": "60092436", "name": "CIMAT, 3600 Guanajuato. Gto, A.P. 402, Mexico", "fullName": "CIMAT", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "3600 Guanajuato. Gto, A.P. 402, Mexico", "departmentId": null}] |
1,039 | 58,393 | Selective reactions over solid base catalysts | Catalysis Today | A variety of organic reactions are catalyzed in a very selective manner by base catalysts. Especially, solid bases offer convenient and environmentally-benign routes for organic synthesis. This review overviews the recent development on the catalysis by solid bases. The catalytic materials described are zeolites, modified zeolites, alkaline earth oxides, alkali metals on supports, KNH<sub>2</sub> on alumina, KF on alumina, hydrotalcites and oxynitrides. Stress are also placed on novel reactions catalyzed by the solid bases. The reactions include isomerization of alkenes, reactions of alkynes, methylations, addition reactions, Knoevenagel condensations, reactions of silanes. | ["Ono Y.", "Baba T."] | ["35466984600", "55436610400"] | 1,997 | 210 | ["Base catalyst", "Organic synthesis", "Solid base"] | 10.1016/S0920-5861(97)81502-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031126", "name": "Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tokyo 152, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Japan", "departmentId": "104581955"}] |
1,040 | 58,537 | Bit map reconstruction for document image compression | Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering | We introduce a pattern matching algorithm and a bitmap reconstruction method used in document image compression. This pattern matching algorithm uses the cross entropy between two patterns as the criterion for a match. We use a physical model which is based on the finite resolution of the scanner to estimate the probability values used in cross entropy calculation. The matching algorithm is enhanced by the bitmap reconstruction method which infers a good high resolution image form a series of poor low resolution images. This bitmap reconstruction method is based on the naive image averaging method, but it uses a preprocessing smoothing filter and it is done in a higher resolution than the original image. Experimental results show that this pattern matching algorithm and this bitmap reconstruction method compare favorably to previous techniques. ©2005 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. | ["Zhang Q.", "Danskin J.M."] | ["57219137586", "6506366247"] | 1,996 | 6 | [] | 10.1117/12.257288 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60010756", "name": "6211 Sudikoff Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States", "fullName": "6211 Sudikoff Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hanover, NH 03755, United States", "departmentId": "103581911"}] |
1,041 | 58,741 | A note on chance constrained programming with fuzzy coefficients | Fuzzy Sets and Systems | This paper deals with nonlinear chance constrained programming as well as multiobjective case and goal programming with fuzzy coefficients occurring in not only constraints but also objectives. We also present a fuzzy simulation technique for handling fuzzy objective constraints and fuzzy goal constraints. Finally, a fuzzy simulation based genetic algorithm is employed to solve a numerical example. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. | ["Liu B.", "Iwamura K."] | ["7408692221", "7006820795"] | 1,998 | 170 | ["Fuzzy programming", "Fuzzy simulation", "Genetic algorithm"] | 10.1016/s0165-0114(97)00291-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025278", "name": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China", "fullName": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Tsinghua University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Beijing 100084, China", "departmentId": "100246206"}, {"id": "60015606", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-02, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Josai University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Sakado, Saitama 350-02, Japan", "departmentId": "105444335"}] |
1,042 | 58,753 | 1 N expansion of the topological susceptibility in the CP<sup>N-1</sup> models | Physics Letters B | We compute the O( 1 N<sup>-2</sup> correction to the topological susceptibility χ<sub>t</sub> of the two-dimensional continuum CP<sup>N-1</sup> models. We define a measurable, 1 N expandable correlation length ζ and evaluate the dimensionless ratio χ<sub>t</sub>ζ<sup>2</sup> ≅ ( 1 2πN)(1- 0.38 N). We also compute the second moment of the topological susceptibility. © 1991. | ["Campostrini M.", "Rossi P."] | ["56962752800", "56899143800"] | 1,991 | 27 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91835-J | Article | English | [{"id": "60113665", "name": "Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, INFN, I-56126 Pisa, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, INFN", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "I-56126 Pisa, Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
1,043 | 58,766 | Improved estimates of location in the presence of an unknown scale | Journal of Multivariate Analysis | We investigate conditions under which estimators of the form X + aU′Ug(X) dominate X when X, a p × 1 vector, and U, an m × 1 vector, are distributed such that [X<sub>1</sub>, X<sub>2</sub>,..., X<sub>p</sub>, U<sub>1</sub>, U<sub>2</sub>,..., U<sub>p</sub>]′ σ has a spherically symmetric distribution about [θ<sub>1</sub>, θ<sub>2</sub>,..., θ<sub>p</sub>, 0, 0,..., 0]′, where σ is an unknown scale. Brandwein and Strawderman [2] have results for quadratic loss and we extend these results to concave functions of quadratic loss and to general quadratic loss. © 1991. | ["Brandwein A.C.", "Strawderman W.E."] | ["16445910800", "6701669876"] | 1,991 | 4 | ["concave loss", "James-Stein estimation", "location parameter", "quadratic loss", "spherical symmetry", "superharmonic functions", "unknown scale"] | 10.1016/0047-259X(91)90103-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007033", "name": "Baruch College, CUNY, United States", "fullName": "Baruch College, CUNY", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60119141", "name": "Rutgers University, United States", "fullName": "Rutgers University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,044 | 58,879 | Network thermodynamics | Nature | The techniques of network theory are generalized to include irreversible thermodynamic systems. Complex nonlinear systems can be treated in this way in terms of a well-defined mathematical structure. © 1971 Nature Publishing Group. | ["Oster G.", "Perelson A.", "Katchalsky A."] | ["7102726598", "7102363214", "6603854875"] | 1,971 | 156 | [] | 10.1038/234393a0 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025038", "name": "Mechanical Engineering Department, Donner Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States", "fullName": "Mechanical Engineering Department, Donner Laboratory, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, CA, United States", "departmentId": "112065296"}, {"id": "60025038", "name": "Donner Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States", "fullName": "Donner Laboratory, University of California", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, CA, United States", "departmentId": "104262233"}, {"id": "60017563", "name": "Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel", "fullName": "Weizmann Institute of Science", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Israel", "departmentId": null}] |
1,045 | 58,914 | Forecasting using partially known demands | International Journal of Forecasting | Most forecasting models for building a master schedule do not use information from orders that have been received for future delivery. We propose two basic algorithms that forecast the total demand by making use of information on orders already received. We test these algorithms using actual demand data from a printing firm. The behavior of the algorithms under special conditions like price promotions and shocks is also illustrated. We conclude that the proposed algorithms perform relatively better than exponential smoothing when partially known demand data is available. © 1990. | ["Kekre S.", "Morton T.E.", "Smunt T.L."] | ["6701795958", "7102999385", "6601989011"] | 1,990 | 23 | ["Forecasting", "Management information systems", "Production/operation management", "Smoothing technologies"] | 10.1016/0169-2070(90)90102-H | Article | English | [{"id": "60027950", "name": "Graduate School of Industrial Administration, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States", "fullName": "Graduate School of Industrial Administration, Carnegie-Mellon University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States", "departmentId": "122377851"}, {"id": "60010261", "name": "John M. Olin School of Business, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, United States", "fullName": "John M. Olin School of Business, Washington University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,046 | 58,966 | Method to obtain the character tables of nonsymmorphic space groups | Journal of Mathematical Physics | A method is developed to obtain the character tables of nonsymmorphic space groups. The method is based on the possibility of obtaining all the irreducible representations of a group, if one knows all the irreducible representations of its invariant subgroup of index 2 or 3. It turns out that all the space groups have an invariant subgroup of index 2 or 3. | ["Zak J."] | ["7102967136"] | 1,960 | 19 | [] | 10.1063/1.1703649 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022403", "name": "Department of Physics, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Israel Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Haifa, Israel", "departmentId": "100245651"}] |
1,047 | 59,044 | Set-valued approximations and Newton's methods | Mathematical Programming, Series B | We introduce a point-based set-valued approximation for a mapping from R<sup>n</sup> to R<sup>m</sup>. Under the assumption of semi-smoothness of the mapping, we prove that the approximation can be obtained through the Clarke generalized Jacobian, Ioffe-Ralph generalized Jacobian, B-subdifferential and their approximations. As an application, we propose a generalized Newton's method based on the point-based set-valued approximation for solving nonsmooth equations. We show that the proposed method converges locally superlinearly without the assumption of semi-smoothness. Finally we include some well-known generalized Newton's methods in our method and consolidate the convergence results of these methods. © Springer-Verlag 1999. | ["Xu H."] | ["7407451817"] | 1,999 | 13 | ["Ioffe", "Newton's methods", "PBSVA", "Plenary sets", "Ralph generalized jacobian"] | 10.1007/s101070050028 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010859", "name": "School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of Ballarat, Victoria, VIC 3353, Australia", "fullName": "School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of Ballarat", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Victoria, VIC 3353, Australia", "departmentId": "103587040"}] |
1,048 | 59,228 | On the tracking control of differentially steered wheeled mobile robots | Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, Transactions of the ASME | Fundamental tracking control algorithms of a differentially steered wheeled mobile robot with two conventional driven wheels are studied through analyzing the robot’s inherent kinematics. This includes the tracking variable assignment as well as the tracking singularity and position-orientation tracking decoupling problems. Globally convergent tracking control algorithms are proposed, which can exactly track any differentiable reference path. A fundamental motion orientation equation under the condition of exact position tracking is developed, and it is shown that it is not possible to exactly track both position and orientation concurrently for this kind of mobile robot configuration if the tracking point is not on the baseline. Examples are provided illustrating the tracking ability of the developed control algorithms. © 1997 ASME. | ["Zhang Y.L.", "Velinsky S.A.", "Feng X."] | ["57196198471", "57195939796", "55224952800"] | 1,997 | 24 | [] | 10.1115/1.2801278 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014439", "name": "Department of Mectianical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mectianical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Davis, CA, 95616, United States", "departmentId": "109048343"}, {"id": "60073491", "name": "Department of Mechanics and Astronautics, Changsha Institute of Technology, Hunan, Changsha, China", "fullName": "Department of Mechanics and Astronautics, Changsha Institute of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Hunan, Changsha, China", "departmentId": "104825564"}] |
1,049 | 59,331 | Phasing low‐resolution macromolecular structure factors by matricial direct methods | Acta Crystallographica Section A | null | ["Podjarny A.D.", "Schevitz R.W.", "Sigler P.B."] | ["7004596140", "6602084858", "10244864900"] | 1,981 | 21 | [] | 10.1107/S0567739481001514 | Article | English | [] |
1,050 | 59,367 | Direct bonding of quartz crystal onto silicon | Journal of Applied Physics | A new method to bond a quartz crystal onto a silicon substrate, fabricating a quartz-crystal-on-silicon resonator, is reported together with its fabrication process, interface microstructure, and resonant characteristics. A one-chip quartz crystal oscillator employing the quartz-crystal-on-silicon resonator for mobile communication is also suggested. | ["Eda K.", "Kanaboshi A.", "Ogura T.", "Taguchi Y."] | ["36345319700", "6503978500", "7402985427", "7201865723"] | 1,993 | 13 | [] | 10.1063/1.354328 | Article | English | [{"id": "60107350", "name": "Materials and Components Research Laboratory, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd., 1006 Kadoma, Osaka 571, Japan", "fullName": "Materials and Components Research Laboratory, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1006 Kadoma, Osaka 571, Japan", "departmentId": "117661875"}] |
1,051 | 59,373 | A characterization of the generalized inverse Gaussian distribution by continued fractions | Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete | null | ["Letac G.", "Seshadri V."] | ["6701453864", "16492992700"] | 1,983 | 29 | [] | 10.1007/BF00534200 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027245", "name": "Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31062, France", "fullName": "Université Paul Sabatier", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Toulouse, F-31062, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60002494", "name": "Dept. of Mathematics, Mc Gill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada", "fullName": "Dept. of Mathematics, Mc Gill University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Montréal, Québec, Canada", "departmentId": "103178040"}] |
1,052 | 59,633 | Stochastic dynamics in irreversible nonequilibrium environments. 1. The fluctuation-dissipation relation | Journal of Physical Chemistry B | A generalization of the generalized Langevin equation (stochastic dynamics) is introduced in order to model chemical reactions which take place in changing environments. The friction kernel representing the solvent response is given a non-stationary form with respect to which the instantaneous random solvent force satisfies a natural generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation relation. Theoretical considerations, as well as numerical simulations, show that the dynamics of this construction satisfy the equipartition theorem beyond its equilibrium limits. © 1999 American Chemical Society. | ["Hernandez R.", "Somer Jr. F.L."] | ["7201510364", "6603036287"] | 1,999 | 37 | [] | 10.1021/jp983625g | Article | English | [{"id": "60019647", "name": "School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, United States", "fullName": "School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, United States", "departmentId": "113731252"}] |
1,053 | 59,659 | Subgroups of small index in infinite general linear groups | Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society | null | ["Evans D.M."] | ["7601575236"] | 1,986 | 20 | [] | 10.1112/blms/18.6.587 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017246", "name": "Mathematisches Institut der Universität, Tübingen, D-7400, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Germany", "fullName": "Mathematisches Institut der Universität", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tübingen, D-7400, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,054 | 59,712 | Comparing sweep strategies for stochastic relaxation | Journal of Multivariate Analysis | The rate of convergence of various sweep strategies of stochastic relaxation for simulating multivariate Gaussian measures are calculated and compared. Each sweep strategy prescribes a method for chosing which coordinates of the random vector are to be updated. Deterministic sweep strategies in which the coordinates are updated according to a fixed order are compared to random strategies in which the coordinate to be updated is chosen through some random mechanism. In addition block updating, in which a few coordinates are updated simultaneously, is compared to single coordinate updating. © 1991. | ["Amit Y.", "Grenander U."] | ["7005553046", "35461982600"] | 1,991 | 55 | ["products of random affine maps", "rates of convergence", "stochastic relaxation", "sweep strategies"] | 10.1016/0047-259X(91)90080-L | Article | English | [{"id": "60011460", "name": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States", "fullName": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Providence, RI 02912, United States", "departmentId": "105198756"}] |
1,055 | 59,741 | A symplectic method for approximating all the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian matrix | Linear Algebra and Its Applications | A fast method for computing all the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian matrix M is given. The method relies on orthogonal symplectic similarity transformations which preserve structure and have desirable numerical properties. The algorithm requires about one-fourth the number of floating-point operations and one-half the space of the standard QR algorithm. The computed eigenvalues are shown to be the exact eigenvalues of a matrix M + E where ∥E∥ depends on the square root of the machine precision. The accuracy of a computed eigenvalue depends on both its condition and its magnitude, larger eigenvalues typically being more accurate. © 1984. | ["Van Loan C."] | ["57193914156"] | 1,984 | 136 | [] | 10.1016/0024-3795(84)90034-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60007776", "name": "Department of Computer Science Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science Cornell University Ithaca", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "NY 14853, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,056 | 59,747 | Universality in chiral random matrix theory at β=1 and β=4 | Physical Review Letters | In this paper the kernel for the spectral correlation functions of invariant chiral random matrix ensembles with real (β=1) and quaternion real (β=4) matrix elements is expressed in terms of the kernel of the corresponding complex Hermitian random matrix ensembles (β=2). Such identities are exact in case of a Gaussian probability distribution and, under certain smoothness assumptions, they are shown to be valid asymptotically for an arbitrary finite polynomial potential. They are proved by means of a construction proposed by Brézin and Neuberger. Universal behavior of the eigenvalues close to zero for all three chiral ensembles then follows from microscopic universality for β=2 as shown by Akemann, Damgaard, Magnea, and Nishigaki. © 1998 American Physical Society. | ["Şener M.K.", "Verbaarschot J.J.M."] | ["57197188008", "7003565929"] | 1,998 | 59 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.248 | Article | English | [{"id": "60026415", "name": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States", "departmentId": "112856498"}] |
1,057 | 59,799 | On the non-classical structure of the vacuum | Physics Letters A | Given any three causally separated space-time regions there are observables associated with these regions which do not possess a joint distribution in the vacuum state. This result extends to any state with the Reeh-Schlieder property. This non-classical structure of the vacuum implies, due to the vacuum asymptotic condition, the genericity of non-classical structure for all density matrices in the vacuum sector. © 1987. | ["Landau L.J."] | ["16453616600"] | 1,987 | 11 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(87)90288-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60011520", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of London", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "110428723"}] |
1,058 | 59,896 | Landau Hamiltonians with random potentials: Localization and the density of states | Communications in Mathematical Physics | We prove the existence of localized states at the edges of the bands for the two-dimensional Landau Hamiltonian with a random potential, of arbitrary disorder, provided that the magnetic field is sufficiently large. The corresponding eigenfunctions decay exponentially with the magnetic field and distance. We also prove that the integrated density of states is Lipschitz continuous away from the Landau energies. The proof relies on a Wegner estimate for the finite-area magnetic Hamiltonians with random potentials and exponential decay estimates for the finite-area Green's functions. The proof of the decay estimates for the Green's functions uses fundamental results from two-dimensional bond percolation theory. | ["Combes J.M.", "Hislop P.D."] | ["7006091614", "6603028716"] | 1,996 | 41 | [] | 10.1007/BF02099540 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019417", "name": "Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 9, Luminy, Case 907, France", "fullName": "Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "F-13288 Marseille Cedex 9, Luminy, Case 907, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60024199", "name": "Dept. de Mathématiques, Univ. de Toulon et du Var, F-83130 La Garde, France", "fullName": "Dept. de Mathématiques, Univ. de Toulon et du Var", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "F-83130 La Garde, France", "departmentId": "105445545"}, {"id": "60015941", "name": "Mathematics Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0027, United States", "fullName": "Mathematics Department, University of Kentucky", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Lexington, KY 40506-0027, United States", "departmentId": "113838268"}] |
1,059 | 59,964 | Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Amorphous Polymers and Related Materials | IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation | Molecular motion in amorphous solid polymers may be studied using a variety of techniques including dielectric relaxation, mechanical relaxation, fluorescence depolarization, NMR, ESR, diffusion and quasi-elastic light scattering and quasi–el as tic neutron scattering. These works have been reviewed extensively and key references are [1–3]. In this article we concentrate on aspects of the dielectric relaxation behavior of amorphous solid polymers and related materials, and the relationship between multiple relaxation processes in such systems and physical phenomena such as non-isothermal relaxation of specific volume and specific heat. © 1985 IEEE | ["Williams G."] | ["55469188000"] | 1,985 | 47 | [] | 10.1109/TEI.1985.348844 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030514", "name": "Edward Davies Chemical Laboratories, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Edward Davies Chemical Laboratories, University College of Wales", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Aberystwyth, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104543552"}] |
1,060 | 60,055 | Estimation of nonlinear errors-in-variables models: A simulated minimum distance estimator | Statistics and Probability Letters | Hsiao (1989, J. Econometrics 41, 159-185) proposes a minimum distance estimator in estimating the structural nonlinear errors-in-varaibles models. We propose a simulated minimum distance estimator that is consistent and resolves the computational difficulty involved in the minimum distance estimator. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. | ["Li T."] | ["55728942800"] | 2,000 | 10 | ["Consistency", "Structural models"] | 10.1016/s0167-7152(99)00161-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021121", "name": "Department of Economics, Wylie Hall, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, Wylie Hall, Indiana University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bloomington, IN 47405, United States", "departmentId": "108403341"}] |
1,061 | 60,201 | A semigroup approach to nonlinear nonautonomous neutral functional differential equations | Journal of Differential Equations | A class of nonlinear nonautonomous neutral functional differential equations is studied by associating with it an evolution equation in the space of initial data, the space W<sup>1,1</sup>. Existence and regularity results are proved. © 1985. | ["Dyson J.", "Villella-Bressan R."] | ["7005164538", "6505820479"] | 1,985 | 7 | [] | 10.1016/0022-0396(85)90154-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60160419", "name": "Mansfield College, Oxford, OXI 3TF England, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Mansfield College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Oxford, OXI 3TF England, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60000481", "name": "Istituto di Analisi e Meccanica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy", "fullName": "Istituto di Analisi e Meccanica, Università di Padova", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Padova, Italy", "departmentId": "103061749"}] |
1,062 | 60,282 | On weighted heights of random trees | Journal of Theoretical Probability | Consider the family tree T of a branching process starting from a single progenitor and conditioned to have v=v(T) edges (total progeny). To each edge <e> we associate a weight W(e). The weights are i.i.d. random variables and independent of T. The weighted height of a self-avoiding path in T starting at the root is the sum of the weights associated with the path. We are interested in the asymptotic distribution of the maximum weighted path height in the limit as v=n→∞. Depending on the tail of the weight distribution, we obtain the limit in three cases. In particular if y<sup>2</sup>P(W(e)> y)→0, then the limit distribution depends strongly on the tree and, in fact, is the distribution of the maximum of a Brownian excursion. If the tail of the weight distribution is regularly varying with exponent 0≤α<2, then the weight swamps the tree and the answer is the asymptotic distribution of the maximum edge weight in the tree. There is a borderline case, namely, P(W(e)> y)∼cy<sup>-2</sup> as y→∞, in which the limit distribution exists but involves both the tree and the weights in a more complicated way. © 1991 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Durrett R.", "Kesten H.", "Waymire E."] | ["26642961600", "7004070381", "6701606675"] | 1,991 | 16 | ["Branching process", "Brownian excursion", "random tree"] | 10.1007/BF01047004 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007776", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, New York, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Cornell University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ithaca, 14853, New York, United States", "departmentId": "103427178"}, {"id": "60013402", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Oregon State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, United States", "departmentId": "103699417"}] |
1,063 | 60,313 | Empirical bayes estimation for the continuous one-parameter exponential family with errors in variables | Statistics and Risk Modeling | This paper extends empirical Bayes estimators with the squared error loss for the continuous one-parameter exponential family when the observed data are contaminated. It is shown that the proposed empirical Bayes estimator is asymptotically optimal uniformly over a class of prior distributions. Furthermore, uniform rates of convergence of the corresponding excess risk are obtained for two types of error distributions. Results are compared with the 'pure' observed data case. © 2014, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH, Rosenheimer Str. 145, 81671 München. All rights reserved. | ["Zhang S.", "Karunamuni R."] | ["7409372069", "6701794576"] | 1,997 | 4 | ["asymptotically optimal", "convergence rates", "Empirical Bayes", "errors-in-variables", "exponential families"] | 10.1524/strm.1997.15.3.261 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030835", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2G1, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alberta Edmonton", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Alberta Canada T6G 2G1, Canada", "departmentId": "112770152"}] |
1,064 | 60,362 | On normal approximation rates for certain sums of dependent random variables | Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics | Let X<sub>1</sub>, ..., X<sub>n</sub> be dependent random variables, and set λ = E∑<sup>n</sup><sub>i=1</sub>X<sub>i</sub>, and σ<sup>2</sup> = Var∑<sup>n</sup><sub>i=1</sub>X<sub>i</sub>. In most of the applications of Stein's method for normal approximations, the error rate |P((∑<sup>n</sup><sub>i=1</sub>X<sub>i</sub> - λ)/σ ≤ w) - Φ(w)| is of the order of σ<sup>- 1 2</sup>. This rate was improved by Stein (1986) and others in some special cases. In this paper it is shown that for certain bounded random variables, a simple refinement of error-term calculations in Stein's method leads to improved rates. © 1994. | ["Rinott Y."] | ["6602199164"] | 1,994 | 28 | ["Central limit theorem", "Dependency graph", "Stein's method"] | 10.1016/0377-0427(94)90016-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030612", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0112, 9500 Gilman Drive, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of California at San Diego", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "La Jolla, CA 92093-0112, 9500 Gilman Drive, United States", "departmentId": "104547911"}] |
1,065 | 60,393 | Modeling the contribution of quantum confinement to luminescence from silicon nanoclusters | Journal of Applied Physics | We present a model for the luminescence spectrum of silicon nanoclusters. We propose that the major contribution to luminescence is from radiative recombination of confined excitons (quantum confinement). Utilizing the effective mass approximation we consider the variation in oscillator strength with cluster size and the associated change in the number of available free carriers. By varying both the mean cluster size and size distribution of silicon nanoclusters, the luminescence spectra are modeled to a good fit. We compare our model with experimental photoluminescence and electroluminescence data from this group and from others. © 1998 American Institute of Physics. | ["Trwoga P.F.", "Kenyon A.J.", "Pitt C.W."] | ["6603186668", "7005715736", "7006030839"] | 1,998 | 189 | [] | 10.1063/1.366608 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022148", "name": "Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, Torrington Place, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London WC1E 7JE, Torrington Place, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "113773257"}] |
1,066 | 60,427 | Empirical likelihood ratio confidence intervals for a single functional | Biometrika | The empirical distribution function based on a sample is well known to be the maximum likelihood estimate of the distribution from which the sample was taken. In this paper the likelihood function for distributions is used to define a likelihood ratio function for distributions. It is shown that this empirical likelihood ratio function can be used to construct confidence intervals for the sample mean, for a class of M-estimates that includes quantiles, and for differentiable statistical functionals. The results are nonpara-metric extensions of Wilks's (1938) theorem for parametric likelihood ratios. The intervals are illustrated on some real data and compared in a simulation to some bootstrap confidence intervals and to intervals based on Student's t statistic. A hybrid method that uses the bootstrap to determine critical values of the likelihood ratio is introduced. © 1988 Biometrika Trust. | ["Owen A.B."] | ["7202050285"] | 1,988 | 1,382 | ["Bootstrap confidence interval", "Empirical likelihood ratio", "Nonparametric confidence interval", "Nonparametric likelihood"] | 10.1093/biomet/75.2.237 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012708", "name": "Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, Stanford University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stanford, California 94305, United States", "departmentId": "105160691"}] |
1,067 | 60,501 | S-R compatibility and response selection | Acta Psychologica | In serial stage models, perception and action are usually thought to be linked to each other by an S-R translation mechanism. However, phenomena of S-R compatibility suggest a more direct relationship between perceptual and action domains. We discuss behavioral and psychophysiological evidence that irrelevant stimulus information automatically activates response codes, but then decays over time. In a series of reaction time studies and electrophysiological experiments, we investigated both temporal and functional properties of the assumed automatic response activation process. We found that the amount of interference due to irrelevant spatial information depends upon how long its availability precedes that of the information relevant for response selection. This indicates that response activation decays rather quickly. If response-relevant and irrelevant spatial information are simultaneously available, electrophysiological measurements show that automatic activation of the spatially corresponding response rises soon after stimulus onset, but then dissipates and gets replaced by the activation of the response indicated by the relevant stimulus attribute. We conclude that these findings do not support a pure translation account, but rather suggest the presence of two parallel and (at least partially) independent routes from perception to action: A direct route, allowing for automatic activation of response codes if stimulus and response features overlap, and an indirect route linking S and R codes in an arbitrary manner. Via the direct route responses may be primed independent of task-specific contingencies, while the correct response is selected via the indirect route. This use suggests that (a) the transmission of stimulus information to response stages does not (fully) depend on task relevance and that (b) different stimulus features can be transmitted asynchronously and independently from one another. © 1995. | ["Eimer M.", "Hommel B.", "Prinz W."] | ["7005587916", "7005738313", "7005550477"] | 1,995 | 131 | [] | 10.1016/0001-6918(95)00022-M | Article | English | [{"id": "60028717", "name": "Institute for Psychology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany", "fullName": "Institute for Psychology, University of Munich", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Munich, Germany", "departmentId": "104452376"}, {"id": "60025323", "name": "Max-Planck-Institute for Psychological Research, 80802 Munich, Leopoldstr. 24, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Institute for Psychological Research", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "80802 Munich, Leopoldstr. 24, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,068 | 60,617 | Molecular classification of multiple tumor types | Bioinformatics | Using gene expression data to classify tumor types is a very promising tool in cancer diagnosis. Previous works show several pairs of tumor types can be successfully distinguished by their gene expression patterns (Golub et al. (1999), Ben-Dor et al. (2000), Alizadeh et al. (2000)). However, the simultaneous classification across a heterogeneous set of tumor types has not been well studied yet. We obtained 190 samples from 14 tumor classes and generated a combined expression dataset containing 16063 genes for each of those samples. We performed multi-class classification by combining the outputs of binary classifiers. Three binary classifiers (k-nearest neighbors, weighted voting, and support vector machines) were applied in conjunction with three combination scenarios (one-vs-all, all-pairs, hierarchical partitioning). We achieved the best cross validation error rate of 18.75% and the best test error rate of 21.74% by using the one-vs-all support vector machine algorithm. The results demonstrate the feasibility of performing clinically useful classification from samples of multiple tumor types. © Oxford University Press 2001. | ["Yeang C.-H.", "Ramaswamy S.", "Tamayo P.", "Mukherjee S.", "Rifkin R.M.", "Angelo M.", "Reich M.", "Lander E.", "Mesirov J.", "Golub T."] | ["6602600452", "7201359825", "6603831607", "35426501300", "7005452902", "57203686095", "7102532306", "16151582900", "57219918231", "55892492700"] | 2,001 | 186 | [] | 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.suppl_1.S316 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022195", "name": "Center for Genome Research, MIT Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, One Kendall Square, United States", "fullName": "Center for Genome Research, MIT Whitehead Institute", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA 02139, One Kendall Square, United States", "departmentId": "103985872"}] |
1,069 | 60,687 | A stochastic Shape and Color Model for Defect Detection in Potatoes | Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics | Automatic defect detection in color images of potatoes is complicated by the random variability ordinarily observed in a collection of normal potatoes. Stochastic models are developed that explicitly describe the random nature of the shape and color texture observed in normal potatoes. Shape and color simulations based on these models are realistic. Statistical tests based on the stochastic shape and color models are developed. The tests are capable of classifying an unknown object as either “acceptable potato” or “unacceptable potato.” Twelve potatoes are analyzed, and the experimental results are presented. © 1993 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. | ["Grenander U.", "Manbeck K.M."] | ["35461982600", "6508313934"] | 1,993 | 17 | ["Deformable template", "Image analysis", "Maximum likelihood", "Stochastic difference equation", "Von Mises distribution"] | 10.1080/10618600.1993.10474604 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011460", "name": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, United States", "fullName": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Providence, RI, 02912, United States", "departmentId": "109725975"}, {"id": "60011460", "name": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, United States", "fullName": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Providence, RI, 02912, United States", "departmentId": "109725975"}] |
1,070 | 60,720 | Structuring communication software for quality-of-service guarantees | IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering | A growing number of real-time applications require quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees from the underlying communication subsystem. The communication subsystem (host and network) must support real-time communication services to provide the required QoS of these applications. In this paper, we propose architectural mechanisms for structuring host communication software to provide QoS guarantees. In particular, we present and evaluate a QoS-sensitive communication subsystem architecture for end hosts that provides real-time communication support for generic network hardware. This architecture provides services for managing communication resources for guaranteed-QoS (real-time) connections, such as admission control, traffic enforcement, buffer management, and CPU and link scheduling. The design of the architecture is based on three key goals: maintenance of QoS-guarantees on a par-connection basis, overload protection between established connections, and fairness in delivered performance to best-effort traffic. Using this architecture we implement real-time channels, a paradigm for real-time communication services in packet-switched networks. The proposed architecture features a process-per-channel model that associates a channel handler with each established channel. The model employed for handler execution is one of "cooperative" preemption, where an executing handler yields the CPU to a waiting higher-priority handler at well-defined preemption points. The architecture provides several configurable policies for protocol processing and overload protection. We present extensions to the admission control procedure for real-time channels to account for cooperative preemption and overlap between protocol processing and link transmission at a sending host. We evaluate the implementation to demonstrate the efficacy with which the architecture maintains QoS guarantees on outgoing traffic while adhering to the stated design goals. The evaluation also demonstrates the need for specific features and policies provided in the architecture. In subsequent work, we have refined this architecture and used it to realize a full-fledged guaranteed-QoS communication service that performs QoS-sensitive resource management for outgoing as well as incoming traffic. | ["Mehra A.", "Indiresan A.", "Shin K.G."] | ["7101835376", "6505904337", "36079966700"] | 1,997 | 11 | ["And link scheduling", "CPU", "Qos-sensitive resource management", "Real-time communication", "Traffic enforcement"] | 10.1109/32.637145 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017366", "name": "IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY 10532, United States", "fullName": "IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hawthorne, NY 10532, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,071 | 60,726 | Personality and customer service | Psychological Reports | 92 working adults in a major customer service business completed the Customer Service Questionnaire and the Costa and McCrae measure of their five factor personality dimensions. Strongest correlations with the 11 customer service factors were positive for Extraversion (.68), negative for Neuroticism (-.67), and positive for Conscientious (.55). The results provide some construct validity for the Customer Service Questionnaire. Recommendations for practice are made. © Psychological Reports 1996. | ["Furnham A.", "Coveney R."] | ["36045985300", "8220205900"] | 1,996 | 11 | [] | 10.2466/pr0.1996.79.2.675 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022148", "name": "University College London", "fullName": "University College London", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}, {"id": "101450794", "name": "Kaisen Consulting, Bristol, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Kaisen Consulting", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Bristol, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60022148", "name": "Department of Psychology, University College London, London, WC1 0AP, 26 Bedford Way, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Psychology, University College London", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "London, WC1 0AP, 26 Bedford Way, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "112886133"}] |
1,072 | 60,764 | Ensemble density-functional approach to charge-spin textures in inhomogeneous quantum Hall systems | Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics | We extend our ensemble density-functional approach to quantum Hall systems to include noncollinear spins to study charge-spin textures in inhomogeneous quantum Hall systems. We have studied the edge reconstruction in quantum dots at unit bulk filling factor and at 1/3 bulk filling factor as a function of the stiffness of an external confining potential. For soft enough edges, these systems reconstruct to a state in which the electron spins rotate gently as the edge is approached, with a nontrivial spin-charge texture at the edge of the system. © 1999 ThAmerican Physical Society. | ["Heinonen O.", "Kinaret J.M.", "Johnson M.D."] | ["7101628854", "6602931961", "57211616435"] | 1,999 | 14 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.8073 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022144", "name": "Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, FL, 32816-2385, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, University of Central Florida", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "FL, 32816-2385, United States", "departmentId": "113894195"}, {"id": "60016437", "name": "Department of Applied Physics, Göteborg University, Göteborg, S-412 96, Sweden", "fullName": "Department of Applied Physics, Göteborg University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Göteborg, S-412 96, Sweden", "departmentId": "114923172"}, {"id": "60000990", "name": "Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, S-412 96, Sweden", "fullName": "Chalmers University of Technology", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Göteborg, S-412 96, Sweden", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60009029", "name": "Seagate Technology, Bloomington, MN, 55435, 7801 Computer Ave. South, United States", "fullName": "Seagate Technology", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Bloomington, MN, 55435, 7801 Computer Ave. South, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,073 | 60,772 | Monetary policy, parameter uncertainty and optimal learning | Journal of Monetary Economics | Since central banks have limited information concerning the transmission channel of monetary policy, they are faced with the difficult task of simultaneously controlling the policy target and estimating the impact of policy actions. A tradeoff between estimation and control arises because policy actions influence estimation and provide information which may improve future performance. I analyze this tradeoff in a simple model with parameter uncertainty and conduct dynamic simulations of the policymaker's decision problem in the presence of the type of uncertainties that arose in the wake of German reunification. A policy that separates learning from control may induce a persistent upward bias in money growth and inflation, just as observed after unification. In contrast, the optimal learning strategy which exploits the tradeoff between control and estimation significantly improves stabilization performance and reduces the likelihood of inflationary bias. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. | ["Wieland V."] | ["6602127412"] | 2,000 | 53 | ["Bayesian learning", "C44", "D83", "E40", "E52", "Inflation targeting", "Learning by doing", "Monetary policy", "Optimal control with unknown parameters", "Structural change"] | 10.1016/S0304-3932(00)00023-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023612", "name": "Bd. Governors Fed. Reserve Syst., Div. of Monetory Aff., Mail Stop 70, Washington, DC 20551, United States", "fullName": "Bd. Governors Fed. Reserve Syst., Div. of Monetory Aff., Mail Stop 70", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Washington, DC 20551, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,074 | 60,796 | An efficient synthesis of 2-hydroxyphenylphosphonates | Tetrahedron Letters | The high yield conversion of phenols into diethyl 2-hydroxyphenylphosphonates via base catalyzed rearrangement of diethyl phenyl phosphates has been achieved. © 1981. | ["Melvin L.S."] | ["35511868500"] | 1,981 | 88 | [] | 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)81909-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006989", "name": "Pfizer Inc., Central Research, Groton, CT 06340, Eastern Point Road, United States", "fullName": "Pfizer Inc., Central Research", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Groton, CT 06340, Eastern Point Road, United States", "departmentId": "103391924"}] |
1,075 | 60,810 | Surface activity coefficients as studied by gas chromatography comparison with bulk properties | Journal of Colloid And Interface Science | Equations allowing the calculation of gas-liquid interface and bulk liquid activity coefficients from gas-liquid chromatography data have been derived. The method appears to be sensitive and quite reliable in the range of infinite dilution. Practical results seem to show that the surface activity coefficients are independent of the bulk properties for polar systems leading to a small solubility of the solute in the stationary phase. © 1973. | ["Eon C.", "Guiochon G."] | ["6504622064", "7201907353"] | 1,973 | 20 | [] | 10.1016/0021-9797(73)90168-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013425", "name": "Laboratorie de Chimie Analytique Physique, Ecole Polytechnique, Paris 5ème, 17 rue Descartes, France", "fullName": "Laboratorie de Chimie Analytique Physique, Ecole Polytechnique", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Paris 5ème, 17 rue Descartes, France", "departmentId": "103701721"}] |
1,076 | 60,879 | On the inverse problem of the calculus of variations | Journal of Mathematical Physics | We consider the inverse problem of the calculus of variations for any system by writing its differential equations of motion in first-order form. We provide a way of constructing infinitely many Lagrangians for such a system in terms of its constants of motion using a covariant geometrical approach. We present examples of first-order Lagrangians for systems for which no second-order Lagrangians exist. The Hamiltonian theory for first-order (degenerate) Lagrangians is constructed using Dirac's method for singular Lagrangians. © 1981 American Institute of Physics. | ["Hojman S.", "Urrutia L.F."] | ["6602382921", "6603765921"] | 1,981 | 89 | [] | 10.1063/1.525162 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032442", "name": "Centro de Estudios Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México 20, D. F., Apdo. Postal 70-543, Mexico", "fullName": "Centro de Estudios Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "México 20, D. F., Apdo. Postal 70-543, Mexico", "departmentId": "104652311"}] |
1,077 | 60,882 | Efficient structure‐factor calculation for large molecules by the fast Fourier transform | Acta Crystallographica Section A | null | ["Ten Eyck L.F."] | ["7003584302"] | 1,977 | 88 | [] | 10.1107/S0567739477001211 | Article | English | [] |
1,078 | 60,953 | Cotilting modules and bimodules | Pacific Journal of Mathematics | Cotilting modules and bimodules over arbitrary associative rings are studied. On the one hand we find a connection between reflexive modules with respect to a cotilting (bi)module U and a notion of U-torsionless linear compactness. On the other hand we provide concrete examples of cotilting bimodules over linearly compact noetherian serial rings. | ["Colpi R.", "Fuller K.R."] | ["6603653041", "7005729585"] | 2,000 | 14 | [] | 10.2140/pjm.2000.192.275 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000481", "name": "Universit̀a di Padova, 35131 Padova, Via Belzoni 7, Italy", "fullName": "Universit̀a di Padova", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "35131 Padova, Via Belzoni 7, Italy", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60024324", "name": "University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States", "fullName": "University of Iowa", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Iowa City, IA 52242, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,079 | 61,021 | A quadratically-convergent algorithm for general nonlinear programming problems | Mathematical Programming | This paper presents an algorithm for solving nonlinearly constrained nonlinear programming problems. The algorithm reduces the original problem to a sequence of linearly-constrained minimization problems, for which efficient algorithms are available. A convergence theorem is given which states that if the process is started sufficiently close to a strict second-order Kuhn-Tucker point, then the sequence produced by the algorithm exists and converges R-quadratically to that point. © 1972 The Mathematical Programming Society. | ["Robinson S.M."] | ["7402673778"] | 1,972 | 108 | [] | 10.1007/BF01584986 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032179", "name": "University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States", "fullName": "University of Wisconsin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Madison, Wisconsin, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,080 | 61,033 | PARM: A genetic evolved algorithm to predict bioactivity | Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences | Based on Walters' GERM (Genetic Evolved Receptor Model) algorithm, an improved algorithm PARM (Pseudo Atomic Receptor Model) was put forward. PARM uses a combination of a genetic algorithm and a cross-validation technique to produce an atomic-level pseudoreceptor model, based on a set of known structure-activity relationships. During the genetic process, an artificial interfering method, which is based on a complementary principle of ligand-receptor interaction, was used to accelerate the search speed. The evolved models show a high correlation between intermolecular energy and bioactivity and can predict the bioactivity of an unknown molecule by interpolating in the regression equation of the structure-activity relationship. This algorithm was applied to two systems and produced reasonable results. | ["Chen H.", "Zhou J.", "Xie G."] | ["56068394700", "7405551480", "7202981235"] | 1,998 | 35 | [] | 10.1021/ci970004w | Article | English | [{"id": "60019499", "name": "Laboratory of Computer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.O. Box 353, China", "fullName": "Laboratory of Computer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Beijing 100080, P.O. Box 353, China", "departmentId": "104347510"}] |
1,081 | 61,034 | The MN System: Regional or Continental? | Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und Historische Geologie | In this paper we apply disjunct distribution ordination (DDO) to a large set of Miocene to Pleistocene mammal localities from western Eurasia. This multivariate method creates a sequence of taxonomic first and last appearance events that minimizes the number of age-range overlaps. Our aim is to compare the event sequence with the existing Eurasian MN system of mammalian biochronology. Our results show that: 1) the sequence and the MN system ordination of localities are highly correlated; 2) a combined data set of western and eastern localities performs better in this regard than either data set separately; 3) most disagreements between the methods involve faunal lists of inadequate length. These results confirm that the current MN system is robust and suggest that it can be usefully extended to encompass all of Eurasia. Specifically, we expect Eurasian mammal biochronology to be refined through the use of algorithmic techniques such as DDO, which are likely to provide objectivity and quantification without generating unpredictable results. | ["Alroy J.", "Bernor R.L.", "Fortelius M.", "Werdelin L."] | ["7005349136", "6701521037", "6701375676", "7005206319"] | 1,998 | 10 | [] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60015033", "name": "Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20550, United States", "fullName": "Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Washington, DC 20550, United States", "departmentId": "103774383"}, {"id": "60012771", "name": "College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, United States", "fullName": "College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Howard University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Washington, DC 20059, United States", "departmentId": "103677307"}, {"id": "60002952", "name": "Department of Geology, University of Helsinki, SF-00014 Helsinki, P. O. Box 11, Finland", "fullName": "Department of Geology, University of Helsinki", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "SF-00014 Helsinki, P. O. Box 11, Finland", "departmentId": "103200960"}, {"id": "60029183", "name": "Department of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden", "fullName": "Department of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden", "departmentId": "104474104"}] |
1,082 | 61,081 | Noise induced transitions in fluid neural networks | Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics | We study the autosynchronization of temporal patterns of activity in Leptothorax ants, using to model this phenomenon the formalism of fluid neural networks. It is known that autosynchronization is involved in complex phenomena observed in ant colonies, such as task allocation and mutual exclusion. We have numerical evidence that this happens at the critical point of a noise induced transition, © 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. | ["Delgado J.", "Solé R.V."] | ["7202829438", "7004381560"] | 1,997 | 6 | ["Fluid neural networks", "Noise induced transitions"] | 10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00184-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007592", "name": "Dept. Llenguatges I Sistemes Info., Univ. Politecnica de Catalunya, 08028 Barcelona, Pau Gargallo 5, Spain", "fullName": "Dept. Llenguatges I Sistemes Info., Univ. Politecnica de Catalunya", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "08028 Barcelona, Pau Gargallo 5, Spain", "departmentId": "103418431"}, {"id": "60007592", "name": "Complex Systems Research Group, Dept. de Fisica I Enginyeria Nuclear, Univ. Politecnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Sor Eulália d'Anzizu s/n, Spain", "fullName": "Complex Systems Research Group, Dept. de Fisica I Enginyeria Nuclear, Univ. Politecnica de Catalunya", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "08034 Barcelona, Sor Eulália d'Anzizu s/n, Spain", "departmentId": "103418425"}] |
1,083 | 61,119 | Bi-objective analysis of waste load allocation using fuzzy linear programming | Water Resources Management | Because of its complexity from both a legal and economic standpoint, the problem of optimal waste load allocation is multiobjective by nature and should be treated accordingly. To perform this task, an optimization technique known as fuzzy linear programming is utilized in solving a multiple-discharge, two-objective waste load allocation problem. The two objectives considered are: (1) the maximization of waste discharge and (2) the minimization of the largest difference in equity measure between the various dischargers. Results from this study reveal that fuzzy linear programming is a valuable tool for solving the multiple-objective water quality management problems. Moreover, it is shown that the selection of a linear or logistic membership function in providing preference criteria between the two objects, has no effect on the 'best compromising solution'. © 1989 Kluwer Academic Publishers. | ["Hathhorn W.E.", "Tung Y.-K."] | ["6701821915", "7103122203"] | 1,989 | 14 | ["fuzzy linear programming", "multiple-objective analysis", "Waste load allocation", "water quality management"] | 10.1007/BF00872176 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013372", "name": "Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, 78712, TX, United States", "fullName": "Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Austin, 78712, TX, United States", "departmentId": "100290365"}, {"id": "60008827", "name": "Wyoming Water Research Center and Statistics Department, University of Wyoming, Laramie, 82071, WY, United States", "fullName": "Wyoming Water Research Center and Statistics Department, University of Wyoming", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Laramie, 82071, WY, United States", "departmentId": "103488949"}] |
1,084 | 61,190 | Energetics and many-particle mechanisms of two-dimensional cluster diffusion on Cu(100) surfaces | Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics | We study the energetics and stability of small Cu clusters on Cu(100) surfaces using molecular statics combined with systematic saddle-point search methods. We find several previously overlooked concerted many-particle processes that play an important role in cluster energetics. In particular, for smaller clusters there is an internal atom row shear mechanism that in some cases determines the rate-limiting step for center-of-mass motion. Our results suggest specific reaction paths for experimentally observed cluster diffusion events. © 2000 The American Physical Society. | ["Trushin O.", "Salo P.", "Ala-Nissila T."] | ["6701725528", "56249665600", "7005117201"] | 2,000 | 39 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.1611 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011460", "name": "Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1843, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Brown University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Providence, RI 02912-1843, United States", "departmentId": "113109878"}] |
1,085 | 61,223 | Direct printing of gratings on sol-gel layers | Optical Engineering | The sol-gel process is an interesting alternative for making glass integrated-optics components. Reasonable performance can be reached with low-cost fabrication. We show a one-step method for imprinting gratings on a thin layer made through the sol-gel process, thus enlarging the field of application in integrated optics to filters, out-of-plane connections, etc. The efficiency of the grating is studied through diffraction measures and computations. © 1993 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. | ["Moreau Y.", "Arguel P.", "Coudray P.", "Etienne P.", "Porque J.", "Signoret P."] | ["7006734230", "6602395776", "7003649755", "7006690792", "6603640507", "6701569817"] | 1,998 | 26 | ["Integrated optics", "Low-cost fabrication", "Sol-gel process"] | 10.1117/1.601946 | Article | English | [{"id": "60108549", "name": "Université de Montpellier II, Ctr. d'Electron. M., F-34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, courrier 084, France", "fullName": "Université de Montpellier II, Ctr. d'Electron. M.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "F-34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, courrier 084, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60005830", "name": "Lab. d'Anal. et d'Arch. des Systemes, CNR, F-31077 Toulouse, France", "fullName": "Lab. d'Anal. et d'Arch. des Systemes, CNR", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "F-31077 Toulouse, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60108549", "name": "Université de Montpellier II, Lab. d'Anal. Interfaces Nanophysique, Montpellier, France", "fullName": "Université de Montpellier II, Lab. d'Anal. Interfaces Nanophysique", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Montpellier, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60108488", "name": "Université de Montpellier II, Laboratories des Verres, Montpellier, France", "fullName": "Université de Montpellier II, Laboratories des Verres", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Montpellier, France", "departmentId": "118370909"}] |
1,086 | 61,230 | A simple approximation for calculating sample sizes for comparing independent proportions | Biometrics | A simple approximation is provided to the formula for the sample sizes needed to detect a difference between two binomial probabilities with specified significance level and power. The formula for equal sample sizes was derived by Casagrande, Pike and Smith (1978, Biometrics 34 , 483-486) and can be easily generalized to the case of unequal sample sizes. It is shown that over fairly wide ranges of parameter values and ratios of sample sizes, the percentage error which results from using the approximation is no greater than 1%. The approximation is especially useful for the inverse problem of estimating power when the sample sizes are given. | ["Fleiss J.L.", "Tytun A.", "Ury H.K."] | ["7005804528", "6507517186", "6603827542"] | 1,980 | 242 | [] | 10.2307/2529990 | Article | English | [] |
1,087 | 61,243 | Kohn-Sham orbitals for many-body perturbation theory and CI | Chemical Physics Letters | Although the physical significance of Kohn-Sham orbitals is only given by the ground state density of the Kohn-Sham quasi-particle system they neverthless form a single-particle system, which may serve as a basis for perturbation theory or variational methods. Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation series for some molecular test cases, taking different Kohn-Sham quasi-particle systems as zeroth order, are examined in comparision to Møller-Plesset perturbation theory. Particular emphasis is given to the convergence properties of the series. The latter is most important regarding recent Ansätze for improving modern density functionals by perturbative methods. We find that these Kohn-Sham based perturbation series are in general divergent. Also, Kohn-Sham orbital based multi-reference CI calculations are performed with emphasis on excited states as Hartree-Fock orbitals generally provide a poor description of excited states. © 1995. | ["Warken M."] | ["23017456500"] | 1,995 | 17 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00306-O | Article | English | [{"id": "60031101", "name": "University Chemical Laboratory, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, Lensfield Road, United Kingdom", "fullName": "University Chemical Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, CB2 1EW, Lensfield Road, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
1,088 | 61,258 | Accurate solutions of moving boundary problems using the enthalpy method | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer | After highlighting the problems associated with the conventional numerical implementations of Stefan problems using the enthalpy formulation, a simple development is described which leads to very accurate solutions. The extension of this technique to two dimensional problems is then demonstrated using a straightforward explicit method. An implicit scheme for one dimensional problems, based upon the above development, is then described which can cope with any size phase change temperature range and the influence of internal heating, simultaneously. Finally, the utility of this scheme is demonstrated by its application to a welding problem. © 1981. | ["Voller V.", "Cross M."] | ["7006527930", "7201686760"] | 1,981 | 398 | [] | 10.1016/0017-9310(81)90062-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032789", "name": "Department of Mathematics and Computer Studies, Sunderland Polytechnic, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, Chester Road, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics and Computer Studies, Sunderland Polytechnic", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Sunderland, SR1 3SD, Chester Road, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "105413330"}] |
1,089 | 61,424 | Bayesian estimation of movement and survival probabilities from capture-recapture data | Biometrika | The Arnason-Schwarz model is usually used for estimating survival and movement probabilities of animal populations from capture-recapture data. The missing data structure of this capture-recapture model is exhibited and summarised via a directed graph representation. Taking advantage of this structure we implement a Gibbs sampling algorithm from which Bayesian estimates and credible intervals for survival and movement probabilities are derived. Convergence of the algorithm is proved using a duality principle. We illustrate our approach through a real example. © 1995 Biometrika Trust. | ["Dupuis J.A."] | ["55982134200"] | 1,995 | 86 | ["Bayes estimator", "Capture-recapture", "Directed graph", "Duality principle", "Gibbs sampling", "Missing data", "Movement probability", "Survival probability"] | 10.1093/biomet/82.4.761 | Article | English | [{"id": "60122685", "name": "Laboratoire de Statistique et Probabilités, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex, 118 Route de Narbonne, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Statistique et Probabilités, Université Paul Sabatier", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "31062 Toulouse, Cedex, 118 Route de Narbonne, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,090 | 61,469 | Optimality conditions for set-valued optimization problems | Mathematical Methods of Operations Research | The generalized contingent epiderivative of set-valued maps is introduced in this paper and its relationship to the contingent epiderivative is investigated. A unified necessary and sufficient optimality condition is derived in terms of the generalized contingent epiderivative. The existence of weak subgradients of set-valued maps is proved, and a sufficient optimality condition of set-valued optimization problems is obtained in terms of weak subgradients. | ["Chen G.Y.", "Jahn J."] | ["56169274700", "7005948779"] | 1,998 | 145 | ["Generalized contingent epiderivative", "Optimality conditions", "Set-valued optimization", "Subgradient"] | 10.1007/s001860050021 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019499", "name": "Institute of Systems Science, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080, China", "fullName": "Institute of Systems Science, Academia Sinica", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Beijing 100080, China", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60000765", "name": "Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Martensstr. 3, Germany", "fullName": "Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "D-91058 Erlangen, Martensstr. 3, Germany", "departmentId": "113049995"}] |
1,091 | 61,584 | The suffix tree of a tree and minimizing sequential transducers | Theoretical Computer Science | This paper gives a linear-time algorithm for the construction of the suffix tree of a tree, which was introduced by Kosaraju, as a natural generalization of the suffix tree of a string. The suffix tree of a tree is used to obtain an efficient algorithm for the minimization of sequential transducers. | ["Breslauer D."] | ["56138571000"] | 1,998 | 27 | [] | 10.1016/S0304-3975(96)00319-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008041", "name": "Basic Research in Computer Science, Ctr. of the Danish Natl. Res. Found., University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark", "fullName": "Basic Research in Computer Science, Ctr. of the Danish Natl. Res. Found., University of Aarhus", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark", "departmentId": "104500235"}] |
1,092 | 61,601 | Authentication of internet-based distributed computing resources in chemistry | Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences | The evolution of the World Wide Web from a model allowing only the public and open exchange of information on the global Internet via simple HTML-based pages to one involving the additional development of Intranets or Extranets with secure interactive client-server processes is discussed. These client-server processes can be customized on the client browser by the use of embedded applications such as Java Applets that allow the client to communicate with other remote applications or databases via a distributed computing architecture. We show<sup>1</sup> how software authentication using digital object signing procedures in conjunction with X.509 certificates was used to develop three authenticated distributed chemical applications. COS (Chemical Object Store) is a database application based on Java Remote Method Invocation, MoldaNet invokes Java3D to create a molecular visualization tool, and JSpec delivers analytical spectral data. We argue that such authentication of chemical resources on the Internet provides one mechanism for increasing the perception of quality and integrity of molecular information disseminated within the chemical community and creates an architecture for electronic commerce to develop in the molecular science community. | ["Tonge A.P.", "Rzepa H.S.", "Yoshida H."] | ["6603904869", "7005542267", "55731774200"] | 1,999 | 0 | [] | 10.1021/ci980336g | Article | English | [{"id": "60015150", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Imp. Coll. Sci., Technol. and Med., London SW7 2AY, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Imp. Coll. Sci., Technol. and Med.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London SW7 2AY, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103779676"}, {"id": "60030788", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hiroshima University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan", "departmentId": "112739432"}] |
1,093 | 61,798 | Removing fermion doublers in chiral gauge theories on the lattice | Nuclear Physics, Section B | A method for removing fermion doublers in anomaly free chiral gauge theories on the lattice is proposed. It is proven that the resulting continuum theory is gauge invariant and does not require noninvariant counterterms or fine tuning of parameters. © 1984. | ["Frolov S.A.", "Slavnov A.A."] | ["24310993400", "24291428600"] | 1,994 | 51 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90465-0 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008743", "name": "Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Werner-Heisenberg-Institut für Physik, W-8000 Munich 40, Föhringer Ring 6, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Werner-Heisenberg-Institut für Physik", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "W-8000 Munich 40, Föhringer Ring 6, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,094 | 61,807 | The breakdown of Fermi liquid theory in the Hubbard model: II | Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter | An exact diagrammatic analysis of the electron self-energy in the Hubbard and related models is given within the local approximation. Contact is made with recent work for dimension d= infinity where the local approximation becomes exact. It is shown that the approximate method of paper I of the series may be fitted into the new framework and yields sensible results for the Anderson impurity model. This lends weight to the prediction of I that for paramagnetic solutions of the Hubbard model Fermi liquid behaviour breaks down in a whole region of the T=0 phase diagram, not just for a half-filled band where the Mott transition occurs. | ["Edwards D.M."] | ["8764614000"] | 1,993 | 22 | [] | 10.1088/0953-8984/5/2/004 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015150", "name": "Dept. of Math., Imperial Coll., London, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Dept. of Math., Imperial Coll.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103779487"}] |
1,095 | 61,819 | A note on modified estimative prediction limits and distributions | Biometrika | In this paper a modification of the estimative prediction limit is derived, for which the coverage probability equals the target value to third-order accuracy, under ordinary repeated sampling. It provides an explicit approximate solution to the equation given by Barndorff-Nielsen & Cox (1996), which determines an upper a-prediction limit for an unobserved random variable. The corresponding predictive density is specified in a simple closed form and its main properties are emphasised. | ["Vidoni P."] | ["6602946718"] | 1,998 | 21 | ["-formu1a", "Coverage probability", "Laplace method", "Natural exponential family", "P", "Prediction interval", "Predictive density"] | 10.1093/biomet/85.4.949 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025965", "name": "Department of Statistics, University Ofudine, 1-33100 Udine, via Treppo 18, Italy", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, University Ofudine", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1-33100 Udine, via Treppo 18, Italy", "departmentId": "113623886"}] |
1,096 | 61,828 | Homomorphic cameo filter for pattern recognition that is invariant with changes in illumination | Optics Letters | We introduce a new matched filter method that yields correlation peaks that are invariant with changes in the illumination of any targets. A scene containing objects at unknown locations is first subjected to a logarithmic transformation that changes the multiplicative constant to an additive background, which is then discriminated against by means of a composite filter containing a cameo of the true target and a term with which to discriminate against other false targets. Experimental results are shown. © 2000 Optical Society of America. | ["Arsenault H.H.", "Lefebvre D."] | ["7006702247", "36830529200"] | 2,000 | 22 | [] | 10.1364/OL.25.001567 | Article | English | [] |
1,097 | 61,852 | Bounds on elastic moduli of composites | Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids | General computable bounds are developed for the stored elastic energy of a finite-sized sample of heterogeneous material which consists of a matrix containing disconnected inclusions which may themselves be heterogeneous. These bounds also apply to the limiting cases of elastic solids with disconnected cavities or rigid inclusions. The lower bounds for solids with cavities are nonzero, and the upper bounds for solids with rigid inclusions are finite. As an illustration, closed-form bounds are obtained for the overall elastic parameters of fiber reinforced composites. The fiber packing may be triangular, square, or hexagonal. Though the results are presented for fibers with hexagonal cross sections, the closed-form expressions also apply to arbitrarily shaped cross sections. The general procedure also applies to nonlinear heterogeneous solids which possess convex strain and stress potentials. © 1995. | ["Balendran B.", "Nemat-Nasser S."] | ["6603657712", "35546796400"] | 1,995 | 24 | [] | 10.1016/0022-5096(95)00044-J | Article | English | [{"id": "60030612", "name": "Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials, Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0416, United States", "fullName": "Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials, Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, University of California, San Diego", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "La Jolla, CA 92093-0416, United States", "departmentId": "104548131"}] |
1,098 | 61,856 | Entanglement degree in the time development of the Jaynes-Cummings model | Letters in Mathematical Physics | Recently, it has been become known that a quantum entangled state plays an important role in fields of quantum information theory, such as quantum teleportation and quantum computation. Research on quantifying entangled states has been carried out using several measures. In this Letter, we will adopt this method using quantum mutual entropy to measure the degree of entanglement in the time development of the Jaynes-Cummings model. | ["Furuichi S.", "Ohya M."] | ["56216948200", "55762417600"] | 1,999 | 34 | ["Entanglement", "Jaynes-Cummings model", "Quantum information theory", "Quasi-mutual entropy"] | 10.1023/A:1007684527101 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016991", "name": "Sci. Univ. of Tokyo in Yamaguchi, Onoda City, Yamaguchi, 756-0884, Daigakudori 1-1-1, Japan", "fullName": "Sci. Univ. of Tokyo in Yamaguchi", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Onoda City, Yamaguchi, 756-0884, Daigakudori 1-1-1, Japan", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025141", "name": "Department of Information Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, Noda City, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Information Sciences, Science University of Tokyo", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Noda City, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan", "departmentId": "104271605"}] |
1,099 | 61,999 | On the condition of nearness between operators | Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata | Let A and B be two mappings defined on a set B taking values in a Banach space B<sub>1</sub>. We present a theory of nearness of mappings A and B. We shall prove, for instance, that A is injective, or surjective or bijective if and only if A is near B with these properties (see Appendix). We shall give sufficient conditions for the nearness in the general case and then in the particular case wherein B<sub>1</sub> C<sup>1</sup>After recalling an appropriate definition of a quasi-basic elliptic operator (see[1] and[2]) we prove, for these operators an isomorphism theorem H<sup>2, q</sup> ∩ H<sub>0</sub><sup>1</sup>,<sup>q</sup>(Ω) → L<sup>q</sup>(Ω), with q > 1, valid also when Ω is not convex. This result improves an earlier result of [3]. The final section is dedicated to parabolic operators. © 1994 Fondazione Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. | ["Campanato S."] | ["16410889600"] | 1,994 | 27 | [] | 10.1007/BF01760335 | Article | English | [{"id": "60028868", "name": "Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, 56127, via F. Buonarroti 2, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Pisa", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pisa, 56127, via F. Buonarroti 2, Italy", "departmentId": "104458849"}] |
1,100 | 62,025 | On a dual version of the one-dimensional bin packing problem | Journal of Algorithms | The NP-hard problem of packing items from a given set into bins so as to maximize the number of bins used, subject to the constraint that each bin be filled to at least a given threshold, is considered. Approximation algorithms are presented that provide guarantees of 1 2, 2 3, and 3 4 the optimal number, at running time costs of O(n), O(nlogn), and O(nlog<sup>2</sup>n), respectively, and the average case behavior of these algorithms is explored via empirical tests on randomly generated sets of items. © 1984. | ["Assmann S.F.", "Johnson D.S.", "Kleitman D.J.", "Leung J.Y.-T."] | ["7006315549", "57224207537", "6701667843", "7202180281"] | 1,984 | 117 | [] | 10.1016/0196-6774(84)90004-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60022195", "name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "fullName": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021378", "name": "AT and T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, United States", "fullName": "AT and T Bell Laboratories", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, NJ 07974, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60022195", "name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "fullName": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60007363", "name": "Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, United States", "fullName": "Northwestern University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Evanston, IL 60201, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,101 | 62,262 | A test for symmetries of multivariate probability distributions | Biometrika | A Monte Carlo test for multivariate symmetries is proposed. The Monte Carlo simulations are performed conditionally on a minimal sufficient statistic for the class of distributions with symmetric density. Additionally, a general purpose test statistic based on a distance measure between the probability density function and its symmetrised version is introduced. The Monte Carlo tests for spherical symmetry and multivariate reflection symmetry are studied numerically for this statistic and the results indicate that the tests perform well compared to other tests. The method is illustrated with an analysis of a real dataset. © 1999 Biometrika Trust. | ["Diks G.", "Tong H."] | ["14046505200", "7201359749"] | 1,999 | 22 | ["Conditional monte carlo test", "Distance-based test statistic", "Multivariate symmetry", "Significance testing"] | 10.1093/biomet/86.3.605 | Article | English | [{"id": "60002483", "name": "Department of Economics, University of Amsterdam, NL-1018 WB Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 11, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of Amsterdam", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "NL-1018 WB Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 11, Netherlands", "departmentId": "112975805"}, {"id": "60006541", "name": "Department of Statistics, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, University of Hong Kong", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Pokfulam, Hong Kong", "departmentId": "103368782"}] |
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