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1,504 | 84,197 | Anomaly-free W<sub>3</sub> gravity and critical W<sub>3</sub> strings | Physics Letters B | We construct an anomaly-free theory of chiral W<sub>3</sub> gravity, with an arbitrary number n ≥ 2 of scalar matter fields. © 1991. | ["Pope C.N.", "Romans L.J.", "Stelle K.S."] | ["22994532500", "7004103625", "7004133846"] | 1,991 | 35 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90799-V | Article | English | [{"id": "60019778", "name": "CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland", "fullName": "CERN", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland", "departmentId": null}] |
1,505 | 84,223 | Essential independence and likelihood-based ability estimation for polytomous items | Psychometrika | A definition of essential independence is proposed for sequences of polytomous items. For items satisfying the reasonable assumption that the expected amount of credit awarded increases with examinee ability, we develop a theory of essential unidimensionality which closely parallels that of Stout. Essentially unidimensional item sequences can be shown to have a unique (up to change-of-scale) dominant underlying trait, which can be consistently estimated by a monotone transformation of the sum of the item scores. In more general polytomous-response latent trait models (with or without ordered responses), an M-estimator based upon maximum likelihood may be shown to be consistent for θ under essentially unidimensional violations of local independence and a variety of monotonicity/identifiability conditions. A rigorous proof of this fact is given, and the standard error of the estimator is explored. These results suggest that ability estimation methods that rely on the summation form of the log likelihood under local independence should generally be robust under essential independence, but standard errors may vary greatly from what is usually expected, depending on the degree of departure from local independence. An index of departure from local independence is also proposed. © 1991 The Psychometric Society. | ["Junker B.W."] | ["57204303625"] | 1,991 | 58 | ["asymptotic standard errors", "essential independence", "item response theory (IRT)", "latent trait identifiability", "likelihood-based trait estimation", "local dependence", "polytomous item responses", "structural robustness", "unidimensionality"] | 10.1007/BF02294462 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000745", "name": "Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": "108234793"}] |
1,506 | 84,291 | Lagrangian theory of structure formation in pressure-supported cosmological fluids | Astronomy and Astrophysics | The Lagrangian theory of structure formation in cosmological fluids, restricted to the matter model "dust", provides successful models of large-scale structure in the Universe in the laminar regime, i.e., where the fluid flow is single-streamed and "dust"-shells are smooth. Beyond the epoch of shell-crossing a qualitatively different behavior is expected, since in general anisotropic stresses powered by multi-stream forces arise in collisionless matter. In this paper we provide the basic framework for the modeling of pressure-supported fluids, restricting attention to isotropic stresses and to the cases where pressure can be given as a function of the density. We derive the governing set of Lagrangian evolution equations and study the resulting system using Lagrangian perturbation theory. We discuss the first-order equations and compare them to the Eulerian theory of gravitational instability, as well as to the case of plane-symmetric collapse. We obtain a construction rule that allows to derive first-order solutions of the Lagrangian theory from known first-order solutions of the Eulerian theory and so extend Zel'dovich's extrapolation idea into the multi-streamed regime. These solutions can be used to generalize current structure formation models in the spirit of the "adhesion approximation". | ["Adler S.", "Buchert T."] | ["8875773300", "57203081645"] | 1,999 | 30 | ["Cosmology: large-scale structure of Universe", "Cosmology: theory", "Gravitation", "Hydrodynamics", "Instabilities", "Methods: analytical"] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60028717", "name": "Theoretische Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-80333 München, Theresienstrasse 37, Germany", "fullName": "Theoretische Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-80333 München, Theresienstrasse 37, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,507 | 84,505 | The Role of the Family in Immigrants' Labor-Market Activity: An Evaluation of Alternative Explanations | American Economic Review | We evaluate some explanations of immigrants' family labor-supply behavior. Upon arrival, immigrant husbands work less than natives, but immigrant wives work more. A conventional labor-supply model uses wage assimilation to explain these differences but is not supported by the data. More favorable results are obtained for the "family investment model," in which wives in immigrant families take on "dead-end" jobs to finance their husbands' investments in human capital. We conclude that family composition is an important correlate of immigrants' assimilation, and the family investment model can account for many of the patterns in the data. (JEL D10, J22, J24, J61). | ["Baker M.", "Benjamin D."] | ["57202525435", "7202044988"] | 1,997 | 141 | [] | null | Review | English | [{"id": "60016849", "name": "Department of Economics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G7, 150 St. George St., Canada", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of Toronto", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G7, 150 St. George St., Canada", "departmentId": "103867837"}] |
1,508 | 84,822 | Strong convergence of multivariate point processes of exceedances | Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics | We study the asymptotic behavior of vectors of point processes of exceedances of random thresholds based on a triangular scheme of random vectors. Multivariate maxima w.r.t. marginal ordering may be regarded as a special case. It is proven that strong convergence-that is convergence of distributions w.r.t. the variational distance-of such multivariate point processes holds if, and only if, strong convergence of multivariate maxima is valid. The limiting process of multivariate point processes of exceedances is built by a certain Poisson process. Auxiliary results concerning upper bounds on the variational distance between vectors of point processes are of interest in its own right. © 1993 The Institute of Statistical Mathematics. | ["Kaufmann E.", "Reiss R.-D."] | ["36943399400", "7102602014"] | 1,993 | 8 | ["exceedances", "Poisson processes", "random threshold"] | 10.1007/BF00773345 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024260", "name": "FB 6, Universität Gesamthochschule Siegen, Siegen, D-57068, Hölderlinstr. 3, Germany", "fullName": "FB 6, Universität Gesamthochschule Siegen", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Siegen, D-57068, Hölderlinstr. 3, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,509 | 84,898 | Mapclus: A mathematical programming approach to fitting the adclus model | Psychometrika | We present a new algorithm, MAPCLUS (MAthematical Programming CLUStering), for fitting the Shepard-Arabie ADCLUS (for ADditive CLUStering) model. MAPCLUS utilizes an alternating least squares method combined with a mathematical programming optimization procedure based on a penalty function approach, to impose discrete (0,1) constraints on parameters defining cluster membership. This procedure is supplemented by several other numerical techniques (notably a heuristically based combinatorial optimization procedure) to provide an efficient general-purpose computer implemented algorithm for obtaining ADCLUS representations. MAPCLUS is illustrated with an application to one of the examples given by Shepard and Arabie using the older ADCLUS procedure. The MAPCLUS solution uses half as many clusters to achieve nearly the same level of goodness-of-fit. Finally, we consider an extension of the present approach to fitting a three-way generalization of the ADCLUS model, called INDCLUS (INdividual Differences CLUStering). © 1980 The Psychometric Society. | ["Arabie P.", "Carroll J.D."] | ["6602692244", "7402035224"] | 1,980 | 101 | ["additive clustering", "alternating least squares", "nonhierarchical clustering"] | 10.1007/BF02294077 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029445", "name": "Department of Psychology, Elliott Hall, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota, United States", "fullName": "Department of Psychology, Elliott Hall, University of Minnesota", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota, United States", "departmentId": "108250898"}, {"id": "60021378", "name": "Room 2C-553, Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, 07974, New Jersey, 600 Mountain Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Room 2C-553, Bell Laboratories", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, 07974, New Jersey, 600 Mountain Avenue, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,510 | 84,931 | The 2 × 2 table: A discussion from a bayesian viewpoint | Statistical Science | The 2 × 2 table is used as a vehicle for discussing different approaches to statistical inference. Several of these approaches (both classical and Bayesian) are compared, and difficulties with them are highlighted. More frequent use of one-sided tests is advocated. Given independent samples from two binomial distributions, and taking independent Jeffreys priors, we note that the posterior probability that the proportion of successes in the first population is larger than in the second can be estimated from the standard (uncorrected) chi-square significance level. An exact formula for this probability is derived. However, we argue that usually it will be more appropriate to use dependent priors, and we suggest a particular “standard prior” for the 2 × 2 table. For small numbers of observations this is more conservative than Fisher’s exact test, but it is less conservative for larger sample sizes. Several examples are given. © 1998 Rocky Mountain Mathematics Consortium. | ["Howard J.V."] | ["7404033250"] | 1,998 | 44 | ["Ancillarity", "Bayesian statistics", "Chi-square tests", "Conditioning", "Dependent prior distributions", "Fisher’s exact test", "Likelihood principles", "P-values", "Posterior probability", "Significance tests", "Two by two contingency tables", "Yates’s correction"] | 10.1214/ss/1028905830 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003059", "name": "London School of Economics, London, WC2A 2AE, Houghton Street, United Kingdom", "fullName": "London School of Economics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London, WC2A 2AE, Houghton Street, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
1,511 | 85,073 | The weight distribution of irreducible cyclic codes with block lengths n<sub>1</sub>( (q<sup>1</sup>-1) N) | Discrete Mathematics | We study the weight distribution of irreducible cyclic (n, k) codeswith block lengths n = n<sub>1</sub>((q<sup>1</sup> - 1)/N), where N|q - 1, gcd(n<sub>1</sub>,N) = 1, and gcd(l,N) = 1. We present the weight enumerator polynomial, A(z), when k = n<sub>1</sub>l, k = (n<sub>1</sub> - 1)l, and k = 2l. We also show how to find A(z) in general by studying the generator matrix of an (n<sub>1</sub>, m) linear code, V<sup>*</sup><sub>d</sub> over GF(q<sup>d</sup>) where d = gcd (ord<sub>n1</sub>(q), l). Specifically we study A(z) when V<sup>*</sup><sub>d</sub> is a maximum distance separable code, a maximal shiftregister code, and a semiprimitive code. We tabulate some numbers A<sub>μ</sub> which completely determine the weight distributionof any irreducible cyclic (n<sub>1</sub>(2<sup>1</sup> - 1), k) code over GF(2) for all n<sub>1</sub> ≤ 17. © 1977. | ["Helleseth T.", "KlØve T.", "Mykkeltveit J."] | ["7005524671", "7005917795", "6602675258"] | 1,977 | 126 | [] | 10.1016/0012-365X(77)90078-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029622", "name": "Universitetet I Bergen, Matematisk Institutt, AVD. A, 5014 Bergen-Universitetet, Norway", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,512 | 85,075 | Exact quantum Sine-Gordon soliton form factors | Physics Letters B | Soliton form factors are constructed using Zamolodchikov's proposed exact massive Thirring model S-matrix. The asymptotic behaviour of the electromagnetic form factor is ∼(-t)<sup>- g 2</sup>. The quasiclassical limit is not the previously accepted result. © 1977. | ["Weisz P.H."] | ["56247614600"] | 1,977 | 52 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(77)90097-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030718", "name": "Institut für Theoretische Physik der Freien Universität Berlin, Germany", "fullName": "Institut für Theoretische Physik der Freien Universität Berlin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,513 | 85,080 | Optimal control of a Brownian storage system | Stochastic Processes and their Applications | Consider a storage system (such as an inventory or bank account) whose content fluctuates as a Brownian Motion X = {X(t), t ≥ 0} in the absence of any control. Let Y = {Y(t), t ≥ 0} and Z = {Z(t), t ≥ 0} be non-decreasing, non-anticipating functionals representing the cumulative input to the system and cumulative output from the system respectively. Theproblem is to choose Y and Z so as to minimize expected discounted cost subject to the requirement that X(t) + Y(t) - Z(t) ≥ 0 for all t ≥ 0 almost surely. In our first formulation, we assume a proportional input cost, a linear holding cost, and a proportional output reward (or cost). We explicitly compute an optimal policy involving a single critical number. In our second formulation, the cumulative input Y is required to be a step function, and an additional fixed charge is incurred each time that an input jump occurs. We explicitly compute an optimal policy involving two critical numbers. Applications to inventory/production control and stochastic cash management are discussed. © 1978. | ["Harrison J.M.", "Taylor A.J."] | ["7402742525", "7405891210"] | 1,978 | 33 | [] | 10.1016/0304-4149(78)90059-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012708", "name": "Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States", "fullName": "Graduate School of Business, Stanford University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stanford, CA 94305, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60116580", "name": "School of Business, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada", "fullName": "School of Business, Queen's University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Kingston, Ont., Canada", "departmentId": null}] |
1,514 | 85,179 | The Arveson Extension Theorem and coanalytic models | Integral Equations and Operator Theory | We develop techniques which allow one to describe in simple terms the set of operators on Hilbert space of the form M<sup>* (∞)</sup> |M, where M is multiplication by z on a Hilbert space of analytic functions satisfying certain technical assumptions, M<sup>* (∞)</sup> is the direct sum of a countably infinite number of copies of M<sup>*</sup>, and M is invariant for M<sup>* (∞)</sup>. One of the main ingredients in our technique is the Arveson Extension Theorem and this paper illustrates the great power and tractability of that theorem in a concrete setting. © 1982 Birkhäuser Verlag. | ["Agler J."] | ["6603919647"] | 1,982 | 73 | [] | 10.1007/BF01694057 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021918", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22903, Virginia, Math-Astronomy Building, Cabell Drive, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Virginia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Charlottesville, 22903, Virginia, Math-Astronomy Building, Cabell Drive, United States", "departmentId": "100301664"}] |
1,515 | 85,205 | Integrable lattices and convergence acceleration algorithms | Physics Letters A | We show that a well-known convergence acceleration scheme, the ε{lunate}-algorithm, when viewed as a two-variable difference equation, is nothing but the discrete Korteweg-de Vries lattice equation. The complete integrability of the latter confers to the ε{lunate}-algorithm interesting properties among which the singularity confinement is outstanding. In fact, this property is used in order to derive the generalizations of the ε{lunate}-accelerator leading to the most general form of the ρ{variant}-algorithm. A new acceleration algorithm based on the modified Korteweg-de Vries lattice equation is also derived. © 1993. | ["Papageorgiou V.", "Grammaticos B.", "Ramani A."] | ["7003392319", "7004949154", "7005427973"] | 1,993 | 58 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(93)90658-M | Article | English | [{"id": "60123796", "name": "LPN, Université Paris VII, 75251 Paris, Tour 24-14, 5ème étage, France", "fullName": "LPN, Université Paris VII", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "75251 Paris, Tour 24-14, 5ème étage, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60026227", "name": "Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5815, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Clarkson University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Potsdam, NY 13699-5815, United States", "departmentId": "104331436"}, {"id": "60123796", "name": "LPN, Université Paris VII, 75251 Paris, Tour 24-14, 5ème étage, France", "fullName": "LPN, Université Paris VII", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "75251 Paris, Tour 24-14, 5ème étage, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60008134", "name": "CPT, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau, France", "fullName": "CPT, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "91128 Palaiseau, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,516 | 85,219 | VOTING IN FIRMS: THE ROLE OF AGENDA CONTROL, SIZE AND VOTER HOMOGENEITY | Economic Inquiry | Voting is a common feature of most firms. Unrestricted voting, however, can lead to unstable decision making. We find that firms make tradeoffs among collective decision making, production scale, firm structure, and voter characteristics that are consistent with efforts to economize on the costs of voting. Firm responses include agenda control, restrictions to obtain a homogeneous voting population, and limits on firm size. We consider three long‐surviving producer cooperatives, representing extreme cases of collective decision making, and find that their organization is sensitive to the costs of voting and to the employment of mechanisms to constrain those costs. Copyright © 1991, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved | ["BENHAM L.", "KEEFER P."] | ["24439078700", "6603380656"] | 1,991 | 22 | [] | 10.1111/j.1465-7295.1991.tb00856.x | Article | English | [] |
1,517 | 85,224 | Pattern formation in non-gradient reaction-diffusion systems: The effects of front bifurcations | Nonlinearity | Domain patterns in reaction-diffusion systems often contain two spatial scales; a long scale determined by a typical domain size, and a short scale pertaining to front structures separating different domains. Such patterns naturally develop in bistable and excitable systems, but may also appear far beyond Hopf and Turing bifurcations. The global behaviour of domain patterns strongly depends on the fronts' inner structures. In this paper we study a symmetry breaking front bifurcation expected to occur in a wide class of reaction-diffusion systems, and the effects it has on pattern formation and pattern dynamics. We extend previous works on this type of front bifurcation and clarify the relations among them. We show that the appearance of front multiplicity beyond the bifurcation point allows the formation of persistent patterns rather than transient ones. In a different parameter regime, we find that the front bifurcation outlines a transition from oscillating (or breathing) patterns to travelling ones. Near a boundary we find that fronts beyond the bifurcation can reflect, while those below it either bind to the boundary or disappear. | ["Hagberg A.", "Meron E."] | ["6701625591", "7003920262"] | 1,994 | 172 | [] | 10.1088/0951-7715/7/3/006 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010065", "name": "Program in Appl. Math., Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ, United States", "fullName": "Program in Appl. Math., Arizona Univ.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tucson, AZ, United States", "departmentId": "103550704"}] |
1,518 | 85,253 | Z-Z mixing and bounds on new neutral gauge bosons from SN 1987A data | Physical Review D | Recently obtained bounds on the mass of the new neutral gauge bosons in E6 models using data from SN 1987A are reexamined and improved by the incorporation of Z-Z mixing effects and radiative corrections. The sensitivity of these bounds to the various model parameters, e.g., the ratio of Higgs vacuum expectation values (tan, is examined and, in some models, the value of tan can change the resulting Z mass bound by more than 400-600 GeV. © 1991 The American Physical Society. | ["Rizzo T.G."] | ["7005998161"] | 1,991 | 11 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevD.44.202 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032179", "name": "Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Madison, WI 53706, United States", "departmentId": "108250966"}, {"id": "60004354", "name": "Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States", "fullName": "Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iowa State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Ames, IA 50011, United States", "departmentId": "103444716"}] |
1,519 | 85,270 | On the Hyers-Ulam Stability of Linear Mappings | Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications | Let E<sub>1</sub> be a real normed vector space and E<sub>2</sub> a real Banach space. S. M. Ulam posed the problem: When does a linear mapping near an approximately linear mapping f: E<sub>1</sub> E<sub>2</sub> exist? We give a new generalized solution to this problem. An example illustrates when the answer to this question is negative. The behaviour of bounded approximately additive mappings which do not satisfy Hyers-UIam stability is also investigated. © 1993 Academic Press, Inc. | ["Rassias T.M.", "Šemrl P."] | ["35580872500", "7005866307"] | 1,993 | 174 | [] | 10.1006/jmaa.1993.1070 | Article | English | [{"id": "100453818", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of La Verne, Athens, 14510, P.O. Box 51105, Ktfissia, Greece", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of La Verne", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Athens, 14510, P.O. Box 51105, Ktfissia, Greece", "departmentId": "105440841"}, {"id": "60031106", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Ljubljana, 61000 Ljubljana, Jadranska 19", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Ljubljana", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "61000 Ljubljana, Jadranska 19", "departmentId": "104580726"}] |
1,520 | 85,279 | The local stability of convexity, affinity and of the Jensen equation | Aequationes Mathematicae | Let C<sub>D</sub>, A<sub>D</sub>, J<sub>D</sub> denote the smallest constants involved in the stability of convexity, affinity and of the Jensen equation of functions defined on a convex subset D of R<sup>n</sup>. By a theorem of J. W. Green, C<sub>D</sub> ≤ c log(n + 1) for every convex D ⊂ ℝ<sup>n</sup>, where c is an absolute constant. We prove that the lower estimate C<sub>D</sub> ≥ c log(n + 1) is also true, supposing that int D † 0. We show that A<sub>D</sub> ≤ 2C<sub>D</sub> and A<sub>D</sub> ≤ J<sub>D</sub> ≤ 2A<sub>D</sub> for every convex D ⊂ R<sup>n</sup>. The constant J<sub>D</sub> is not always of the same order of magnitude as C<sub>D</sub>; for example J<sub>D</sub> = 1 if D = ℝ<sup>n</sup>. We prove that there are convex sets (e.g. the n-dimensional simplex) with J<sub>D</sub> ≥ c log n. © Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 1999. | ["Laczkovich M."] | ["6701848660"] | 1,999 | 23 | [] | 10.1007/s000100050101 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025187", "name": "Department of Analysis, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1088 Budapest, Rákó;czi út 5, Hungary", "fullName": "Department of Analysis, Eötvös Loránd University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "H-1088 Budapest, Rákó;czi út 5, Hungary", "departmentId": "104276100"}] |
1,521 | 85,290 | Bootstrap methods for median regression models | Econometrica | The least-absolute-deviations (LAD) estimator for a median-regression model does not satisfy the standard conditions for obtaining asymptotic refinements through use of the bootstrap because the LAD objective function is not smooth. This paper overcomes this problem by smoothing the objective function. The smoothed estimator is asymptotically equivalent to the standard LAD estimator. With bootstrap critical values, the rejection probabilities of symmetrical t and χ<sup>2</sup> tests based on the smoothed estimator are correct through O(n<sup>-γ</sup>) under the null hypothesis, where γ < 1 but can be arbitrarily close to 1. In contrast, first-order asymptotic approximations make errors of size O(n<sup>-γ</sup>). These results also hold for symmetrical t and χ<sup>2</sup> tests for censored median regression models. | ["Horowitz J.L."] | ["7201833855"] | 1,998 | 95 | ["Asymptotic expansion", "L<sup>1</sup> regression", "Least absolute deviations", "Smoothing"] | 10.2307/2999619 | Article | English | [] |
1,522 | 85,385 | Uniform amarts: A class of asymptotic martingales for which strong almost sure convergence obtains | Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete | null | ["Bellow A."] | ["6507558233"] | 1,978 | 19 | [] | 10.1007/BF00534238 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007363", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, 60201, Illinois, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Northwestern University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Evanston, 60201, Illinois, United States", "departmentId": "103405956"}] |
1,523 | 85,395 | Analysis of a class of superconvergence patch recovery techniques for linear and bilinear finite elements | Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations | Mathematical proofs are presented for the derivative superconvergence obtained by a class of patch recovery techniques for both linear and bilinear finite elements in the approximation of second-order elliptic problems. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 15: 151-167, 1999. | ["Li B.", "Zhang Z."] | ["56129830500", "56402652500"] | 1,999 | 60 | ["Error estimate", "Finite element", "Least-squares", "Local projection", "Superconvergence patch recovery"] | 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2426(199903)15:2<151::AID-NUM2>3.0.CO;2-O | Article | English | [{"id": "60020304", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Univ. of California at Los Angeles, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Univ. of California at Los Angeles, University of Maryland", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "College Park, MD, United States", "departmentId": "108510870"}, {"id": "60021285", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Texas Tech University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Lubbock, TX 79409, United States", "departmentId": "104082064"}, {"id": "60027550", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1555, 405 Hilgard Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of California", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90095-1555, 405 Hilgard Avenue, United States", "departmentId": "108510870"}] |
1,524 | 85,407 | Geometry of G/P-IV (Standard monomial theory for classical types) | Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences - Section A. Part 3, Mathematical Sciences | null | ["Lakshmibai V.", "Musili C.", "Seshadri C.S."] | ["6603396657", "24827401800", "6701614335"] | 1,979 | 47 | ["a-wight", "admissible pairs", "defining pairs", "Demazure's conjecture", "dominant weights", "line bundles", "minuscule, quasi-minuscule and of classical type", "Parabolic subgroups", "Pierie's formula", "special quadratic relations", "standard monomials", "vanishing theorems", "weakly standard monomials"] | 10.1007/BF02842481 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031855", "name": "School of Mathematics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay, 400005, India", "fullName": "School of Mathematics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bombay, 400005, India", "departmentId": "100259783"}] |
1,525 | 85,473 | The Riemannian geometry of the Yang-Mills moduli space | Communications in Mathematical Physics | The moduli space ℳ of self-dual connections over a Riemannian 4-manifold has a natural Riemannian metric, inherited from the L<sup>2</sup> metric on the space of connections. We give a formula for the curvature of this metric in terms of the relevant Green operators. We then examine in great detail the moduli space ℳ<sub>1</sub> of k=1 instantons on the 4-sphere, and obtain an explicit formula for the metric in this case. In particular, we prove that ℳ<sub>1</sub> is rotationally symmetric and has "finite geometry:" it is an incomplete 5-manifold with finite diameter and finite volume. © 1987 Springer-Verlag. | ["Groisser D.", "Parker T.H."] | ["6602768601", "7202773693"] | 1,987 | 32 | [] | 10.1007/BF01225380 | Article | English | [{"id": "60026415", "name": "Mathematics Department, State University of New York, Stony Brook, 11794, NY, United States", "fullName": "Mathematics Department, State University of New York", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stony Brook, 11794, NY, United States", "departmentId": "100296435"}, {"id": "60016247", "name": "Mathematics Department, Brandeis University, Waltham, 02254, MA, United States", "fullName": "Mathematics Department, Brandeis University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Waltham, 02254, MA, United States", "departmentId": "103837955"}] |
1,526 | 85,491 | On the small-μ theorem | Automatica | Counterexamples to a commonly quoted statement of the small-μ theorem are exhibited. A detailed proof of a correct statement is provided. It includes the case where the uncertainty is not constrained to be real-rational. © 1995. | ["Tits AndrL.", "Fan M.K.H."] | ["7005773231", "7201970821"] | 1,995 | 16 | ["Control systems", "mixed uncertainty", "robust control", "robust stability", "robustness", "small-μ theorem", "structured singular value"] | 10.1016/0005-1098(95)00035-U | Article | English | [{"id": "60020304", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "College Park, MD 20742, United States", "departmentId": "108028751"}, {"id": "60019647", "name": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States", "fullName": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Atlanta, GA 30332, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,527 | 85,504 | Monte Carlo entropic sampling for the study of metastable states and relaxation paths | Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics | We present a continuous extension of the recent Monte Carlo entropic method for sampling a density of states restricted in dimensionless macroscopic parameters. The method performs a random walk through a two-dimensional macrostate space and provides complete information in the form of continuous functions of the system’s coupling constants. For the example of an Ising system, we project relaxation paths from Monte Carlo Metropolis dynamic over the two-dimensional state space and compare them with a “most probable path” associated with the equilibrium distribution, derived from the density of states. We observe a close agreement between them in the stochastic regime, i.e., before the system escapes from the metastable state. We establish a Markovian macroscopic dynamic over the two macroscopic parameters and we discuss it with respect to the Metropolis microscopic dynamic. © 1997 The American Physical Society. | ["Shteto I.", "Linares J.", "Varret F."] | ["6507005550", "57208458200", "7006161657"] | 1,997 | 41 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevE.56.5128 | Article | English | [{"id": "60101347", "name": "Laboratoire de Magnétisme et d’Optique CNRS, Université de Versailles, St. Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles Cedex, F78035, 45 Avenue des Etats Unis, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Magnétisme et d’Optique CNRS, Université de Versailles, St. Quentin en Yvelines", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Versailles Cedex, F78035, 45 Avenue des Etats Unis, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,528 | 85,572 | Laser cooling and the highest bound states of the Na diatom system | Physical Review A | Using a multichannel bound-state method we predict the highest bound states of the Na23 diatom system, which are closely related to the collisional behavior of ultracold atoms. The results agree well with a model where the hyperfine interaction is treated in first-order perturbation theory, except for the triplet level closest to the continuum, which we predict to be very weakly bound. This level is responsible for the large, positive scattering length of the mf=±f states of the lower hyperfine manifold. Its experimental observation would confirm our prediction of a stable Bose condensate. © 1995 The American Physical Society. | ["Moerdijk A.J.", "Verhaar B.J."] | ["6603108976", "6603964728"] | 1,995 | 18 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevA.51.R4333 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032882", "name": "Eindhoven University of Technology, Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands", "fullName": "Eindhoven University of Technology, Box 513", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}] |
1,529 | 85,582 | Optimal public utility pricing: A general equilibrium analysis | Journal of Economic Theory | In contrast to general equilibrium models with convex technologies, marginal cost pricing equilibria are not necessarily Pareto optimal in general equilibrium models with increasing returns to scale (or non-convex) technologies. In this paper, we consider an economy with several consumers, several convex firms, and several natural monopolies with nonconvex technologies. The purpose of this paper is to show that if the natural monopolies are regulated to follow a certain nonlinear pricing rule, then under mild conditions the equilibrium allocations are Pareto optimal and individually rational, and the natural monopolies break even in equilibria. We also present sufficient conditions for the existence of equilibria. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D51, D61, H42. © 1995 Academic Press. All rights reserved. | ["Kamiya K."] | ["7202161558"] | 1,995 | 5 | [] | 10.1006/jeth.1995.1054 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024322", "name": "Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567, Japan", "fullName": "Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ibaraki, Osaka, 567, Japan", "departmentId": "104225722"}] |
1,530 | 85,609 | Vibration-induced phase errors in high-speed phase-shifting speckle-pattern interferometry | Applied Optics | We present results from numerical simulations of a dynamic phase-shifting speckle interferometer used in the presence of mechanical vibrations. The simulation is based on a detailed mathematical model of the system, which is used to predict the expected frequency response of the rms measurement error, in the time-varying phase difference maps, as a result of vibration. The performance of different phaseshifting algorithms is studied over a range of vibrational frequencies. Phase-difference evaluation is performed by means of temporal phase shifting and temporal phase unwrapping. It is demonstrated that longer sampling windows and higher framing rates are preferred in order to reduce the phase–change error that is due to vibration. A numerical criterion for an upper limit on the length of time window for the phase-shifting algorithm is also proposed. The numerical results are finally compared with experimental data, acquired with a phase-shifting speckle interferometer of 1000 framesys. © 2001 Optical Society of America. | ["Ruiz P.D.", "Huntley J.M.", "Shen Y.", "Coggrave C.R.", "Kaufmann G.H."] | ["7201624303", "24543067100", "55251188900", "6602763036", "57204346831"] | 2,001 | 28 | [] | 10.1364/AO.40.002117 | Article | English | [{"id": "60004518", "name": "Instituto de Fisica Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, 2000, Argentina", "fullName": "Instituto de Fisica Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Rosario, 2000, Argentina", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60000891", "name": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Loughborough University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "113790247"}, {"id": "60025699", "name": "Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, 2000, Argentina", "fullName": "Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional de Rosario", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Rosario, 2000, Argentina", "departmentId": "100284165"}] |
1,531 | 85,642 | Capture-recapture estimation via Gibbs sampling | Biometrika | SUMMARY: Capture-recapture models are widely used in the estimation of population sizes. Based on data augmentation considerations, we show how Gibbs sampling can be applied to calculate Bayes estimates in this setting. As a result, formulations which were previously avoided because of analytical and numerical intractability can now be easily considered for practical application. We illustrate this potential by using Gibbs sampling to calculate Bayes estimates for a hierarchical capture-recapture model in a real example. © 1992 Biometrika Trust. | ["George E.I."] | ["7202828101"] | 1,992 | 79 | ["Data augmentation", "Estimation of population size", "Gibbs sampling", "Hierarchical models", "Log concavity", "Multinomial model", "Multiple-recapture sampling"] | 10.1093/biomet/79.4.677 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013372", "name": "Department of MSIS, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States", "fullName": "Department of MSIS, The University of Texas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Austin, Texas 78712, United States", "departmentId": "103697750"}, {"id": "60001422", "name": "Laboratoire de Statistique Thé orique et Appliqué e, Université Paris VI, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Statistique Thé orique et Appliqué e, Université Paris VI", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "75252 Paris Cedex 05, France", "departmentId": "103114497"}] |
1,532 | 85,686 | An interactive fuzzy satisficing method for generalized multiobjective linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters | Fuzzy Sets and Systems | A new interactive fuzzy satisficing method for multiobjective linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters is proposed. In general, two types of fuzziness of human judgements should be incorporated in multiobjective programming problems. One is the experts' ambiguous understanding of the nature of the parameters in the problem-formulation process, and the other is the fuzzy goals of the decision maker for each of the objective functions. In order to cope with both types of fuzziness, multiobjective linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters which reflect the experts' ambiguous understanding in the problem-formulation are formulated and the concept of generalized α-multiobjective linear programming and M-α-Pareto optimality is introduced. In our interactive fuzzy satisficing method, the satisficing solution of the decision maker is derived efficiently from among M-α-Pareto optimal solutions. On the basis of the proposed method, an interactive computer program is written to implement man-machine interactive procedures. Finally, an illustrative numerical example for multiobjective linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters is demonstrated along with the corresponding computer outputs. © 1990. | ["Sakawa M.", "Yano H."] | ["36726866300", "7403177177"] | 1,990 | 55 | ["fuzzy parameters", "interactive fuzzy satisficing method", "M-α-Pareto optimality", "Multiobjective linear programming", "satisficing solution"] | 10.1016/0165-0114(90)90188-C | Article | English | [{"id": "60026487", "name": "Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, Iwate University, Morioka, 020, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, Iwate University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Morioka, 020, Japan", "departmentId": "104341906"}, {"id": "60032492", "name": "Department of Information Science, College of Economics, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, 760, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Information Science, College of Economics, Kagawa University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Takamatsu, 760, Japan", "departmentId": "105799231"}] |
1,533 | 85,871 | Design of controllers for linear parameter-varying systems by the gain scheduling technique | Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications | Design of controllers for linear multi-input multi-output systems whose dynamics depend on a time-varying parameter is studied. Design algorithms for the state feedback control law based on the gain scheduling technique are proposed. State feedback control laws are designed so that one of the following goals is achieved: (i) the poles of the closed-loop system for all fixed parameter values are placed in a small neighborhood of a set of desired closed-loop poles; (ii) the stability of the closed-loop system for all fixed parameter values guarantees that the of the system (with the time-varying parameter), independent of the rate of change of the parameter. Rigorously justified and computationally appealing design algorithms are developed. © 1992. | ["Shahruz S.M.", "Behtash S."] | ["7005178241", "6603650566"] | 1,992 | 98 | [] | 10.1016/0022-247X(92)90199-N | Article | English | [{"id": "60025038", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, the Electronics Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, the Electronics Research Laboratory, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,534 | 85,878 | Floating spherical Gaussian orbitals based quantum Monte Carlo method in molecular electronic calculations | The Journal of Chemical Physics | We report a new method for fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculation in order to improve the time step-size convergence and the fluctuation problems associated with nodes of wave functions. It adopts floating spherical Gaussian orbitals instead of Slater-type orbitals to guide random walkers (psips). They establish harmonic velocity fields under which psips undergo random walks which are simulated exactly according to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The nodes of this guiding function are used to guide psips in a novel way; as psips approach to a node, they are swept away therefrom. Explicit enforcement of a sink boundary condition is avoided to some extent, and the behavior of the random walks near nodes is efficiently simulated. The method is illustrated by applying to the ground-state energies of H<sub>2</sub>, LiH, and HF. The results are excellent compared to previous calculations. © 1994 American Institute of Physics. | ["Leu S.-Y.", "Mou C.-Y."] | ["23015785300", "7007051015"] | 1,994 | 19 | [] | 10.1063/1.467307 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005429", "name": "Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Taipei, Taiwan", "departmentId": "112881687"}] |
1,535 | 86,050 | Quark dynamics and spin structure in the chiral chromodielectric model | Physics Letters B | The dynamical structure of the nucleon is studied in the chiral version of the chromodielectric model. The color-dielectric field and the meson clouds are described by hedgehog coherent states. Standard projection techniques are used to construct zero-linear-momentum eigenstates with the nucleon quantum numbers of angular momentum and isospin. Both the unpolarized and the polarized quark distribution functions are computed. Results are in good agreement with the data and a noticeable improvement with respect to the predictions of the non-chiral model is observed. © 1994. | ["Barone V.", "Drago A.", "Fiolhais M."] | ["57203052068", "57202594656", "55406276000"] | 1,994 | 10 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90797-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021660", "name": "Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica, Università di Torino, INFN, 10125 Torino, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica, Università di Torino, INFN", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "10125 Torino, Italy", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60114761", "name": "Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Ferrara, INFN, 06100 Ferrara, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Ferrara, INFN", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "06100 Ferrara, Italy", "departmentId": "104244499"}, {"id": "60020985", "name": "Departamento de Física, Universidade, Centro de Fisica Teórica, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal", "fullName": "Departamento de Física, Universidade, Centro de Fisica Teórica", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal", "departmentId": null}] |
1,536 | 86,091 | Covariation and Causal Attribution: A Logical Model of the Intuitive Analysis of Variance | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology | In this article, we present and test a formal model of causal attribution that is true to the original conception of attribution theory formulated by Kelley (1967). The Logical Model specifies precisely how information might be encoded from attributional vignettes and how subjects might consider different causal loci as necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of an effect. Predictions are derived for each of the eight information configurations on the basis of consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency information. The model is tested with data from three published experiments and is preferred over a template model of attribution. The Logical Model's limitations are also acknowledged in that responses deviate systematically from its predictions, leading to an analysis of the notion of causality underlying stimulus, person, and circumstance attributions. © 1987 American Psychological Association. | ["Hewstone M.", "Jaspars J."] | ["7004399921", "6603357107"] | 1,987 | 64 | [] | 10.1037/0022-3514.53.4.663 | Article | English | [{"id": "60020650", "name": "University of Bristol, Bristol, England, United Kingdom", "fullName": "University of Bristol", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bristol, England, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60026851", "name": "University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom", "fullName": "University of Oxford", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Oxford, England, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
1,537 | 86,354 | Stabilizing unstable periodic points of one-dimensional nonlinear systems using delayed-feedback signals | Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics | This paper presents a technique which realizes the following operation: a stable orbit in a one-dimensional nonlinear system moves to an already coexisting unstable periodic point and then stabilizes on it. The technique uses two delayed-feedback signals: the first signal destabilizes the nonlinear system such that the orbit wanders about phase space; the second signal stabilizes the wandering orbit onto a desired unstable periodic point. The technique would be useful for experimentalists who want to know the location of the already coexisting unstable point outside chaotic regions. We illustrate the technique using the logistic map. © 1996 The American Physical Society. | ["Konishi K.", "Ishii M.", "Kokame H."] | ["7202008469", "7403622920", "7003391539"] | 1,996 | 27 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3455 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008107", "name": "Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 593, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems, Osaka Prefecture University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Sakai, Osaka, 593, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Japan", "departmentId": "103451331"}] |
1,538 | 86,459 | Estimates of invariant metrics on pseudoconvex domains of dimension two | Mathematische Zeitschrift | null | ["Catlin D.W."] | ["7006033786"] | 1,989 | 139 | [] | 10.1007/BF01215657 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009254", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Purdue University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "West Lafayette, 47907, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,539 | 86,480 | Normal and Deviant Lexical Processing: Reply to Dell and O'Seaghdha (1991) | Psychological Review | In their comment, Dell and O'Seaghdha (1991) adduced any effect on phonological probes for semantic alternatives to the activation of these probes in the lexical network. We argue that that interpretation is false and, in addition, that the model still cannot account for our data. Furthermore, and different from Dell and O'seaghda, we adduce semantic rebound to the lemma level, where it is so substantial that it should have shown up in our data. Finally, we question the function of feedback in a lexical network (other than eliciting speech errors) and discuss Dell's (1988) notion of a unified production-comprehension system. | ["Levelt W.J.M.", "Schriefers H.", "Vorberg D.", "Meyer A.S.", "Pechmann T.", "Havinga J."] | ["7003596479", "7005461750", "6602516321", "7401839760", "6602995169", "6603195568"] | 1,991 | 40 | [] | 10.1037/0033-295X.98.4.615 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024516", "name": "Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, NL-6525 XD Nijmegen, Wundtlaan 1, Netherlands", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "NL-6525 XD Nijmegen, Wundtlaan 1, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60030718", "name": "Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany", "fullName": "Freie Universität Berlin", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Berlin, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60007902", "name": "Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany", "fullName": "Technische Universität Braunschweig", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Braunschweig, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60016529", "name": "Nijmegen University, Nijmegen, Netherlands", "fullName": "Nijmegen University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Nijmegen, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60033241", "name": "Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany", "fullName": "Universität des Saarlandes", "reference": "e", "fullAddress": "Saarbrücken, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,540 | 86,535 | Estimates for the Fourier transform of the characteristic function of a convex set | Arkiv för matematik | null | ["Svensson I."] | ["16528567300"] | 1,971 | 29 | [] | 10.1007/BF02383634 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029170", "name": "Department of mathematics, University of Lund, Lund 7, 220 07, Box 725, Sweden", "fullName": "Department of mathematics, University of Lund", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Lund 7, 220 07, Box 725, Sweden", "departmentId": "104472666"}] |
1,541 | 86,581 | Variational approach to the QCD wave functional: Dynamical mass generation and confinement | Physical Review D | We perform a variational calculation in the SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in 3+1 dimensions. Our trial variational states are explicitly gauge invariant, and reduce to simple Gaussian states in the zero coupling limit. Our main result is that the energy is minimized for the value of the variational parameter away from the perturbative value. The best variational state is therefore characterized by a dynamically generated mass scale M. This scale is related to the perturbative scale QCD by the relation QCD(M)=(/4)N. Taking the one-loop QCD function and QCD=150 MeV we find (for N=3) the vacuum condensate (/)F2=0.008 GeV4. © 1995 The American Physical Society. | ["Kogan I.I.", "Kovner A."] | ["7102422680", "7005893923"] | 1,995 | 63 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.3719 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003269", "name": "Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States", "fullName": "Physics Department, Princeton University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Princeton, NJ 08544, United States", "departmentId": "103216339"}, {"id": "60006164", "name": "Theory Division, T-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States", "fullName": "Theory Division, T-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,542 | 86,605 | Implicit separability: Characterisation and implications for consumer demands | Journal of Economic Theory | We characterize a general form of separability which we call implicit separability. It is more general than all known types of separability and contains them as special cases. We provide complete characterisations in terms of the direct preference ordering, its dual expenditure function, the demand functions, and the Slutsky. © 1991. | ["Blackorby C.", "Davidson R.", "Schworm W."] | ["6701340380", "7401729868", "16449797800"] | 1,991 | 19 | [] | 10.1016/0022-0531(91)90045-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010365", "name": "Department of Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of British Columbia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada", "departmentId": "100256621"}, {"id": "100595533", "name": "GREQE, Centre de la Vieille Charité, 13002 Marseille, 2 rue de la Charité, France", "fullName": "GREQE, Centre de la Vieille Charité", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "13002 Marseille, 2 rue de la Charité, France", "departmentId": "102582562"}, {"id": "60102127", "name": "GREQE (Aix-Marseille II), Centre de la Vieille Charité, 13002 Marseille, 2 rue de la Charité, France", "fullName": "GREQE (Aix-Marseille II), Centre de la Vieille Charité", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "13002 Marseille, 2 rue de la Charité, France", "departmentId": "108033379"}, {"id": "60016005", "name": "Department of Economics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. K7L 3N6, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Economics, Queen's University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Kingston, Ont. K7L 3N6, Canada", "departmentId": "103828374"}, {"id": "60010365", "name": "Department of Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of British Columbia", "reference": "e", "fullAddress": "Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada", "departmentId": "100256621"}] |
1,543 | 86,662 | Rectangular world maps-no | Professional Geographer | null | ["Robinson A.H."] | ["56929827300"] | 1,990 | 22 | [] | 10.1111/j.0033-0124.1990.00101.x | Article | English | [{"id": "105771688", "name": "University of Wisconsin, United States", "fullName": "University of Wisconsin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,544 | 86,749 | Approximation algorithms for geometric median problems | Information Processing Letters | We present approximation algorithms for median problems in metric spaces and fixed-dimensional Euclidean spaces. Our algorithms use a new method for transforming an optimal solution of the linear program relaxation of the s-median problem into a provably good integral solution. This transformation technique is fundamentally different from the methods of randomized and deterministic rounding [7,8] and the methods proposed in [6] in the following way: Previous techniques never set variables with zero values in the fractional solution to 1. This departure from previous methods is crucial for the success of our algorithms. © 1992. | ["Lin J.-H.", "Vitter J.S."] | ["7501726658", "7005508549"] | 1,992 | 110 | ["Algorithms", "analysis of algorithms", "approximation", "clustering", "combinatorial problems", "computational geometry", "Euclidean space", "linear programming", "median", "metric space", "relaxation", "rounding"] | 10.1016/0020-0190(92)90208-D | Article | English | [{"id": "60024590", "name": "Motorola Inc., Paging and Telepoint Systems Laboratory, Boynton Beach, FL 33426-8292, 1500 N.W. 22nd Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Motorola Inc., Paging and Telepoint Systems Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Boynton Beach, FL 33426-8292, 1500 N.W. 22nd Avenue, United States", "departmentId": "105792352"}, {"id": "60011460", "name": "Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1910, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, Brown University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Providence, RI 02912-1910, United States", "departmentId": "103613035"}] |
1,545 | 86,897 | Scattering Function Estimation | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory | The estimation of the scattering function of a random, zero-mean, homogeneous, time-variant, linear filter is considered. The sum of the random filter output and independent noise is the input to. an estimator. The estimator structure is equivalent to a bank of linear filters followed by squared-envelope detectors; the envelope detector outputs are the input to a final linear filter. The estimator output is shown to be an unconstrained linear operation on the ambiguity function of the estimator input. Except for a bias term due to the additive noise, the mean of the estimator output is an unconstrained linear operation on the scattering function of the random filter. The integral variance of the output is found for a Gaussian channel. The mean and variance clearly indicate the tradeoff between resolution and variance reduction obtained by varying the estimator structure. For any well-behaved channel it is shown that an effectively unbiased estimate of the scattering function can be obtained if the input signal has both sufficient energy and enough time and frequency spread to resolve the random filter; the random filter is not required to be underspread. The variance of an estimate can be further reduced by increasing the time or frequency spread of the transmitted signal. © 1968 IEEE. All rights reserved. | ["Gaarder N.T."] | ["6507913521"] | 1,968 | 24 | [] | 10.1109/TIT.1968.1054194 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013791", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu Hawaii. 96822, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Honolulu Hawaii. 96822, United States", "departmentId": "103715010"}] |
1,546 | 86,938 | Multiblock multigrid grid generation algorithms: Overcoming multigrid anisotropy | Applied Mathematics and Computation | The paper presents multiblock multigrid algorithms for the generation of boundary-fitted grids (BFGs) able to avoid undesired multigrid anisotropy arises. The algorithms combine a domain decomposition technique, the elliptic grid generation and the multigrid computation and provide satisfactory numerical solutions and fast convergence. Block matching, based on two-surface overlapping, saves grid characteristics through the block boundaries. We assume two- and three-dimensional generation systems allowing line-spacing control and we design block by block multigrid computation to solve the transformed finite-difference systems. We identify anisotropy as an undesirable multigrid effect and we overcome anisotropic behaviors by investigation over coefficients of the generating systems. They can provide information to select appropriate relaxation algorithms. A wide series of performance evaluation results is available. One-block and multiblock so as one-grid and multi-grid algorithms have been evaluated and meaningful results are collected in tables. Visualizations of 2D and 3D computed grids and displays of convergence histories, comparing multigrid components, are shown by figures. © Elsevier Science Inc., 1997. | ["Spitaleri R.M.", "Regolo V."] | ["6604050801", "8702452100"] | 1,997 | 4 | [] | 10.1016/S0096-3003(96)00089-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018055", "name": "Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo-CNR, 00161, Roma, Viale del Policlinico, 137, Italy", "fullName": "Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo-CNR", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "00161, Roma, Viale del Policlinico, 137, Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
1,547 | 86,970 | Homoclinic bifurcation to a transitive attractor of Lorenz type | Nonlinearity | The author proves that a cubic differential equation in three dimensions has a transitive attractor similar to that of the geometric model of the Lorenz equations. In fact, what is proved is that such an attractor results if a double homoclinic connection of a fixed point with a resonance condition among the eigenvalues is broken in a careful way. | ["Robinson C."] | ["55197372700"] | 1,989 | 84 | [] | 10.1088/0951-7715/2/4/001 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007363", "name": "Dept. of Math., Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL, United States", "fullName": "Dept. of Math., Northwestern Univ.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Evanston, IL, United States", "departmentId": "103405890"}] |
1,548 | 87,013 | Phase diagram of the random-field Ising model with a trimodal distribution | Physical Review B | The random-field Ising model, with a trimodal distribution (sum of three functions), is studied within the mean-field approximation. The averaged free energy and order parameter are numerically analyzed in detail, and through the Landau expansion, to construct the complete phase diagram in the parameter space of the system. A line of tricritical points, ending at a vestigial tricritical point, is obtained, a result also suggested recently by Mattis. Some new features of the phase diagram are also reported. © 1987 The American Physical Society. | ["Sebastianes R.M.", "Saxena V.K."] | ["22964417200", "56977132000"] | 1,987 | 0 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevB.35.2058 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017609", "name": "Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88000 Florianpolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil", "fullName": "Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "88000 Florianpolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil", "departmentId": "100304247"}] |
1,549 | 87,036 | Two measures of sample entropy | Statistics and Probability Letters | In many statistical studies the entropy of a distribution function is of prime interest. This paper proposes two estimators of the entropy. Both estimators are obtained by modifying the estimator proposed by Vasicek (1976). Consistency of both estimators is proved, and comparisons have been made with Vasicek's estimator and its generalization proposed by Dudewicz and Van der Meulen (1987). The results indicate that the proposed estimators have less bias and have less mean squared error than Vasicek's estimator and its generalization. © 1994. | ["Ebrahimi N.", "Pflughoeft K.", "Soofi E.S."] | ["7006136893", "6602570939", "6701665160"] | 1,994 | 89 | ["Entropy estimator", "Exponential", "Information theory", "Normal", "Uniform"] | 10.1016/0167-7152(94)90046-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009550", "name": "Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2888, United States", "fullName": "Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "DeKalb, IL 60115-2888, United States", "departmentId": "103523731"}, {"id": "60007801", "name": "Department of Information and Decision Sciences, College of Business Administration, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0544, United States", "fullName": "Department of Information and Decision Sciences, College of Business Administration, University of Texas at El Paso", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "El Paso, TX 79968-0544, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60135984", "name": "School of Business Administration, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, P. O. Box 742, United States", "fullName": "School of Business Administration, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Milwaukee, WI 53201, P. O. Box 742, United States", "departmentId": "112706241"}] |
1,550 | 87,072 | An analysis of the order of Runge-Kutta methods that use an iterative scheme to compute their internal stage values | BIT Numerical Mathematics | We employ B-series to analyze the order of Runge-Kutta (RK) methods that use simple iteration, modified Newton iteration or full Newton iteration to compute their internal stage values. Our assumptions about the initial guess for the internal stage values cover a wide range of practical schemes. Moreover, the analytical techniques developed in this paper can be applied in many other similar contexts. | ["Jackson K.R.", "Kværnø A.", "Nørsett S.P."] | ["7402863400", "6506065607", "6601920430"] | 1,996 | 9 | ["Initial value problem", "Internal stage values", "Iterative scheme", "Newton's method", "Order", "Ordinary differential equation", "Runge-Kutta method"] | 10.1007/BF01733789 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016849", "name": "Computer Science Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G4, Canada", "fullName": "Computer Science Department, University of Toronto", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G4, Canada", "departmentId": "112729833"}, {"id": "60013141", "name": "Division of Mathematical Sciences, Norwegian Univ. of Sci. and Technol., N-7034 Trondheim, Norway", "fullName": "Division of Mathematical Sciences, Norwegian Univ. of Sci. and Technol.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "N-7034 Trondheim, Norway", "departmentId": "103690331"}] |
1,551 | 87,142 | Fairness and conspiracies | Information Processing Letters | We define a hierarchy of fairness postulates; k-fairness (∞-fairness) means the absence of any infinite execution in which some transition occurs only finitely often but is enabled infinitely often by some sequence of length ≤ k (of unrestricted length, respectively). We show (i) that for Petri nets in general, ∞-fairness equals k-fairness for all k, and (ii) that for a large subclass of nets, (k+1)-fairness equals k-fairness for all k. The transferral of these results to concurrent programs is also discussed. © 1984. | ["Best E."] | ["7102883882"] | 1,984 | 40 | ["Fairness hierarchies", "Petri nets", "starvation"] | 10.1016/0020-0190(84)90114-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "106015200", "name": "GMD-F1, Schloss Birlinghoven, D-5205 St. Agustin 1, Germany", "fullName": "GMD-F1", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Schloss Birlinghoven, D-5205 St. Agustin 1, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,552 | 87,236 | Gauge symmetry breaking in the hidden sector of the flipped SU(5) × U(1) superstring model | Physics Letters B | We analyze the SU(5) × U(1)′ × U(1)<sup>4</sup> × SO(10) × SU(4) superstring model with a spontaneously broken hidden sector down to SO(7) × SO(5) taking into account non-renormalizable superpotential terms up to eight order. As a result of the hidden sector breaking the "exotic" states get a mass and the "observable" spectrum is composed of the standard three families. In addition, Cabibbo mixing arises at sixth order and an improved fermion mass hierarchy emerges. © 1992. | ["Antoniadis I.", "Rizos J.", "Tamvakis K."] | ["7006017081", "6603815848", "8909083900"] | 1,992 | 37 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90190-F | Article | English | [{"id": "60013425", "name": "Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France", "fullName": "Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60004716", "name": "Theoretical Physics Division, University of Ioannina, GR-451 10 Ioannina, Greece", "fullName": "Theoretical Physics Division, University of Ioannina", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "GR-451 10 Ioannina, Greece", "departmentId": "103278214"}] |
1,553 | 87,389 | Molecular Recognition: Hydrogen Bonding and Stacking Interactions Stabilize a Model for Nucleic Acid Structure | Journal of the American Chemical Society | null | ["Rebek J., Jr.", "Askew B.", "Ballester P.", "Buhr C.", "Jones S.", "Nemeth D.", "Williams K."] | ["7103282536", "57190304140", "35548432800", "6602250675", "55444845500", "15125831300", "57212667033"] | 1,987 | 108 | [] | 10.1021/ja00250a051 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015543", "name": "Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States", "departmentId": "112856065"}] |
1,554 | 87,464 | Solvable Lie Algebras, Lie Groups and Polynomial Structures | Compositio Mathematica | In this paper, we study polynomial structures by starting on the Lie algebra level, then passing to Lie groups to finally arrive at the polycyclic-by-finite group level. To be more precise, we first show how a general solvable Lie algebra can be decomposed into a sum of two nilpotent subalgebras. Using this result, we construct, for any simply connected, connected solvable Lie group G of dim n, a simply transitive action on ℝ<sup>n</sup> which is polynomial and of degree ≤ n<sup>3</sup>. Finally, we show the existence of a polynomial structure on any polycyclic-by-finite group Γ, which is of degree ≤ h(Γ)<sup>3</sup> on almost the entire group (h(Γ) being the Hirsch length of Γ). | ["Dekimpe K."] | ["7003847136"] | 2,000 | 8 | ["Polycyclic group", "Polynomial structure", "Solvable Lie algebra", "Solvable Lie group"] | 10.1023/A:1001738932743 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025063", "name": "Campus Kortrijk, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium", "fullName": "Campus Kortrijk, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium", "departmentId": null}] |
1,555 | 87,494 | Towards a multi-disciplinary Bradford law | Scientometrics | Bradford's law, perhaps the most well known of the Informetric regularities, analyzes the scattering of articles in a single discipline over journals. Yet journals are multi-disciplinary entities. This paper discusses the implications for Bradford's law of the multi-disciplinary character of journals, and defines a simple model that indicates the evolution of journals as a competition among subjects for space. © 1994 Akadémiai Kiadó. | ["Bookstein A."] | ["7004656243"] | 1,994 | 12 | [] | 10.1007/BF02017233 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029278", "name": "Center for Information and Language Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, 1100 E. 57 Street, United States", "fullName": "Center for Information and Language Studies, University of Chicago", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Chicago, 60637, IL, 1100 E. 57 Street, United States", "departmentId": "104479490"}] |
1,556 | 87,508 | Integrating image computation in undergraduate level data-structure education | International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence | There is a growing need for expertise both in image analysis and in software engineering. To date, these two areas have been taught separately in an undergraduate computer and information science curriculum. However, we have found that introduction to image analysis can be easily integrated in data-structure courses without detracting from the original goal of teaching data structures. Some of the image processing tasks offer a natural way to introduce basic data structures such as arrays, queues, stacks, trees and hash tables. Not only does this integrated strategy expose the students to image related manipulations at an early stage of the curriculum but it also imparts cohesiveness to the data-structure assignments and brings them closer to real life. In this paper we present a set of programming assignments that integrates undergraduate data-structure education with image processing tasks. These assignments can be incorporated in existing data-structure courses with low time and software overheads. We have used these assignment sets thrice: once in a 10-week duration data-structure course at the University of California, Santa Barbara and the other two times in 15-week duration courses at the University of South Florida, Tampa. | ["Sarkar S.", "Goldgof D."] | ["7403239642", "35572085000"] | 1,998 | 14 | ["Computer vision", "Data structures", "Graphs", "Hash tables", "Image processing", "Linked lists", "Trees", "Undergraduate education"] | 10.1142/s0218001498000609 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007740", "name": "Comp. Sci. Eng. Univ. of S. Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States", "fullName": "Comp. Sci. Eng. Univ. of S. Florida", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tampa, FL 33620, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021988", "name": "Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India", "fullName": "Indian Institute of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Kanpur, India", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60003500", "name": "Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States", "fullName": "Ohio State University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Columbus, OH, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60007740", "name": "Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States", "fullName": "Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering, University of South Florida", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Tampa, FL, United States", "departmentId": "117686681"}] |
1,557 | 87,595 | Minimum relative entropy and probabilistic inversion in groundwater hydrology | Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics | © Springer-Verlag 1998 The similarity between maximum entropy (MaxEnt) and minimum relative entropy (MRE) allows recent advances in probabilistic inversion to obviate some of the shortcomings in the former method. The purpose of this paper is to review and extend the theory and practice of minimum relative entropy. In this regard, we illustrate important philosophies on inversion and the similarly and differences between maximum entropy, minimum relative entropy, classical smallest model (SVD) and Bayesian solutions for inverse problems. MaxEnt is applicable when we are determining a function that can be regarded as a probability distribution. The approach can be extended to the case of the general linear problem and is interpreted as the model which fits all the constraints and is the one model which has the greatest multiplicity or "spreadout" that can be realized in the greatest number of ways. The MRE solution to the inverse problem differs from the maximum entropy viewpoint as noted above. The relative entropy formulation provides the advantage of allowing for non-positive models, a prior bias in the estimated pdf and 'hard' bounds if desired. We outline how MRE can be used as a measure of resolution in linear inversion and show that MRE provides us with a method to explore the limits of model space. The Bayesian methodology readily lends itself to the problem of updating prior probabilities based on uncertain field measurements, and whose truth follows from the theorems of total and compound probabilities. In the Bayesian approach information is complete and Bayes' theorem gives a unique posterior pdf. In comparing the results of the classical, MaxEnt, MRE and Bayesian approaches we notice that the approaches produce different results. In comparing MaxEnt with MRE for Jayne's die problem we see excellent comparisons between the results. We compare MaxEnt, smallest model and MRE approaches for the density distribution of an equivalent spherically-symmetric earth and for the contaminant plume-source problem. Theoretical comparisons between MRE and Bayesian solutions for the case of the linear model and Gaussian priors may show different results. The Bayesian expected-value solution approaches that of MRE and that of the smallest model as the prior distribution becomes uniform, but the Bayesian maximum aposteriori (MAP) solution may not exist for an underdetermined case with a uniform prior. | ["Woodbury A.D.", "Ulrych T.J."] | ["7003623842", "7004509923"] | 1,998 | 48 | [] | 10.1007/s004770050024 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009697", "name": "Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Canada", "fullName": "Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Manitoba", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Winnipeg, Man., Canada", "departmentId": "103528729"}, {"id": "60010365", "name": "Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Vancouver, BC, Canada", "departmentId": "103566744"}] |
1,558 | 87,603 | Intersecting disks (and spheres) and statistical mechanics. I. Mathematical basis | Journal of Statistical Physics | The calculations of a previous paper on intersecting disks are completed. Further quantities of interest in connection with intersecting disks and spheres are defined. The above considerations are extended to spherical boundary conditions. Then two applications are stated: The penetrable-sphere model of Widom and Rowlinson, and the hard-sphere system. Finally, the generalization to D-dimensional spheres is outlined. © 1981 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Kratky K.W."] | ["6602775113"] | 1,981 | 26 | ["hard spheres", "Intersection of disks", "penetrable spheres", "periodic boundary conditions", "set theory", "spherical boundary conditions", "statistical mechanics"] | 10.1007/BF01022357 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025988", "name": "Institut für Experimentalphysik der Universität Wien, Wien, A-1090, Austria", "fullName": "Institut für Experimentalphysik der Universität Wien", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Wien, A-1090, Austria", "departmentId": null}] |
1,559 | 87,752 | On pictures in prose | Educational Communication and Technology | For some time now, researchers and educators have questioned the value of pictures for prose-learning. However, there is abundant empirical evidence to document the positive value of pictures. Consistent learning gains are associated with the use of pictures when experiments adhere to these five ground rules: (1) prose passages are presented orally; (2) the subjects are children; (3) the passages are fictional narratives; (4) the pictures overlap the story content; and (5) learning is demonstrated by factual recall. © 1978 Association for Educational Communications and Technology. | ["Levin J.R.", "Lesgold A.M."] | ["7403286430", "6603258639"] | 1,978 | 78 | [] | 10.1007/BF02766607 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032179", "name": "Department of Educational Psychology and The Wisconsin Research and Development Center, at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, 53706, WI, United States", "fullName": "Department of Educational Psychology and The Wisconsin Research and Development Center, at the University of Wisconsin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Madison, 53706, WI, United States", "departmentId": "108394512"}, {"id": "60015543", "name": "Department of Psychology and the Learning Research and Development Center, at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Psychology and the Learning Research and Development Center, at the University of Pittsburgh", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, United States", "departmentId": "105812802"}] |
1,560 | 87,762 | Instrumental variable estimator for the nonlinear errors-in-variables model | Journal of Econometrics | Estimation for the nonlinear errors-in-variables model is considered. It isassumed that additional information is available in the form of observations on instrumental variables. An estimation procedure is presented for the parameters of the model. Asymptotic properties of the estimator are investigated. © 1985. | ["Amemiya Y."] | ["7101945111"] | 1,985 | 96 | [] | 10.1016/0304-4076(85)90001-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60004354", "name": "Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States", "fullName": "Iowa State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ames, IA 50011, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,561 | 87,807 | Affine R-Matrix and the Generalized Elliptic Ruijsenaars Models | Letters in Mathematical Physics | Commutative elliptic difference operators associated with the affine root systems are constructed in terms of affine R-matrices. These operators describe the Ruijsenaars models with elliptic potentials and reduce to the Macdonald operators in the trigonometric limit. | ["Komori Y.", "Hikami K."] | ["57193203043", "7006658338"] | 1,998 | 12 | ["Affine R-matrix", "Elliptic Ruijsenaars models", "Yang-Baxter equation"] | 10.1023/A:1007452800428 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025272", "name": "Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113, Hongo 7-3-1, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bunkyo, Tokyo 113, Hongo 7-3-1, Japan", "departmentId": "108678698"}] |
1,562 | 87,814 | Anomalous transport in random fracture networks | Physical Review Letters | We show that dominant aspects of contaminant (particle) transport in random fracture networks-non-Gaussian propagation-result from subtle features of the steady flow-field distribution through the network. This is an outcome of a new theory, based on a continuous time random walk formalism, structured to retain the key space-time correlations of contaminants as they are advected across each fracture segment. Particle tracking simulations on these networks exhibit the same non-Gaussian profiles, demonstrating quantitative agreement with the theory. © 1997 American Physical Society. | ["Berkowitz B.", "Scher H."] | ["7103293707", "7102135539"] | 1,997 | 265 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.4038 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017563", "name": "Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "fullName": "Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "departmentId": null}] |
1,563 | 87,885 | Quality Control in the Dual System of West Germany | Oxford Review of Education | The dual system for training young workers in West Germany has attracted much attention. This paper examines mechanisms for quality control within that system: entry qualifications; standards achieved on completing apprenticeships and process control procedures, e.g. the quality/qualifications of trainers, methods for curriculum renewal, etc., and then extends the analysis of quality control to historical, legal and social system influences that support and sustain the dual system. It comments on weaknesses in the dual system and concludes with brief observations on two recent British initiatives that are intended to improve the quality of the education and training of young people: YTS and TVEI. © 1988, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Raggatt P."] | ["6701537705"] | 1,988 | 28 | [] | 10.1080/0305498880140203 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012113", "name": "School of Education, Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, Walton Hall, United Kingdom", "fullName": "School of Education, Open University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, Walton Hall, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103640793"}] |
1,564 | 87,933 | A diffusion model for two tandem queues with general renewal input | Communications in Statistics. Part C: Stochastic Models | We consider two tandem queues with exponential servers. Arrivals to the first queue are governed by a general renewal process. If the arrivals were also exponentially distributed, this would be a simple example of a Jackson network. However, the structure of the model is much more complicated for general arrivals. We analyze the joint steady-state queue length distribution for this network, in the heavy traffic limit, where the arrival rate is only slightly less than the service rates. We formulate and solve the boundary value problem for the diffusion approximation to this model. We obtain simple integral representations for the (asymptotic) steady-state queue length distribution. We also do a detailed study of the tail behavior of the diffusion approximation. Copyright © 1999 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. | ["Knessl C.", "Tier C."] | ["7006000439", "6701760333"] | 1,999 | 9 | ["Asymptotics", "Diffusion approximation", "Integral representations", "Tail behavior", "Tandem queues"] | 10.1080/15326349908807538 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027561", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago (m/c 249), Chicago, IL 60607-7045, 851 S. Morgan St., United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago (m/c 249)", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Chicago, IL 60607-7045, 851 S. Morgan St., United States", "departmentId": "104399087"}] |
1,565 | 87,950 | Local theory in critical spaces for compressible viscous and heat-conductive gases | Communications in Partial Differential Equations | We are concerned with local existence and uniqueness of solutions for a general model of viscous and heat-conductive gases with low regularity assumptions on the initial data (the velocity and the temperature may be discontinuous). Local well-posedness is showed to hold in spaces which are critical with respect to the scaling of the equations, provided that the initial density is close enough to a positive constant. When initial data are a trifle more regular, local well-posedness holds for any initial density bounded away from zero. This former result lies on new estimates for linear heat equations with a non constant diffusion coefficient. Copyright © 2001 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. | ["Danchin R."] | ["57204070241"] | 2,001 | 167 | [] | 10.1081/PDE-100106132 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001422", "name": "Laboratoire d'Analyse Numérique, Université Paris 6, 75013 Paris, 175 rue du Chevaleret, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire d'Analyse Numérique, Université Paris 6", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "75013 Paris, 175 rue du Chevaleret, France", "departmentId": "106666286"}] |
1,566 | 88,015 | Unitary extensions of two-parameter local semigroups of isometric operators and the Krein extension theorem | Integral Equations and Operator Theory | A notion of two-parameter local semigroups of isometric operators in Hilbert space is discussed. It is shown that under certain conditions such a semigroup can be extended to a strongly continuous two-parameter group of unitary operators in a larger Hilbert space. As an application a simple proof of the Eskin bidimensional version of the Krein extension theorem is given. © 1993 Birkhäuser Verlag. | ["Bruzual R."] | ["6603061274"] | 1,993 | 3 | ["MSC numbers: Primary 47D03, Secondary 42A82"] | 10.1007/BF01200288 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001197", "name": "Dpto. de Matematica. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela", "fullName": "Dpto. de Matematica. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Venezuela", "departmentId": "103106152"}] |
1,567 | 88,084 | Intellectual property protection systems and digital watermarking | Optics Express | Adequate protection of digital copies of multimedia content - both audio and video - is a prerequisite to the distribution of this content over networks. Until recently digital audio and video content has been protected by its size: it is difficult to distribute and store without compression. Modern compression algorithms allow substantial bitrate reduction while maintaining high-fidelity reproduction. If distribution of these algorithms is controlled, cleartext uncompressed content is still protected by its size. However, once the compression algorithms are generally available cleartext content becomes extremely vulnerable to piracy. In this paper we explore the implications of this vulnerability and discuss the use of compression and watermarking in the control of piracy. © 1998 Optical Society of America. | ["Lacy J.", "Quackenbush S.R.", "Reibman A.R.", "Snyder J.H."] | ["35415070600", "56036387200", "7005098846", "7401499163"] | 1,998 | 13 | [] | 10.1364/OE.3.000478 | Article | English | [] |
1,568 | 88,135 | Polarized parton distributions of the nucleon | Nuclear Physics, Section B | Spin-dependent (polarized) parton distributions are presented satisfying the available experimental and theoretical constraints. In particular we present radiatively generated predictions for ΔG(x, Q)<sup>2</sup>, compatible with recent data, and for the gluon asymmetry ΔG(x, Q<sup>2</sup>) G(x, Q<sup>2</sup>). It is furthermore shown that the data on g<sub>1</sub><sup>p</sup>(x, Q<sub>0</sub><sup>2</sup>) do not provide unique information on ΔG(x, Q<sub>0</sub><sup>2</sup>) in contrast to its unambiguous first moment ∫<sub>0</sub><sup>1</sup> ΔG(x, Q<sub>0</sub><sup>2</sup>) dx. In addition, a prediction for the structure function g<sub>1</sub><sup>n</sup>(x, Q<sub>0</sub><sup>2</sup> {reversed tilde equals} 10 GeV<sup>2</sup>) is given for the case of lowest twist dominance. © 1990. | ["Glück M.", "Reya E.", "Vogelsang W."] | ["7102445695", "6701813968", "7006408509"] | 1,990 | 35 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(90)90146-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032991", "name": "Institut für Physik, Universität Dortmund, 4600 Dortmund 50, Germany", "fullName": "Institut für Physik, Universität Dortmund", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "4600 Dortmund 50, Germany", "departmentId": "105201073"}] |
1,569 | 88,136 | Sliver exudation | Journal of the ACM | A sliver is a tetrahedron whose four vertices lie close to a plane and whose orthogonal projection to that plane is a convex quadrilateral with no short edge. Slivers are notoriously common in 3-dimensional Delaunay triangulations even for well-spaced point sets. We show that, if the Delaunay triangulation has the ratio property introduced in Miller et al. [1995], then there is an assignment of weights so the weighted Dclaunay triangulation contains no slivers. We also give an algorithm to compute such a weight assignment. © 2000 ACM. | ["Cheng S.-W.", "Dey T.K.", "Edelsbrunner H.", "Facello M.A.", "Teng S.-H."] | ["57189925684", "7005103271", "7005273880", "6507598581", "7102993292"] | 2,000 | 140 | ["(weighted) Delaunay triangulations", "Algorithms", "Computational geometry", "Mesh generation", "Mesh quality", "Slivers", "Tetrahedral meshes"] | 10.1145/355483.355487 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008592", "name": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong", "fullName": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Kowloon, Hong Kong", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60003500", "name": "Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States", "fullName": "Ohio State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Columbus, OH, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60008724", "name": "Duke University, Durham, NC, United States", "fullName": "Duke University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Durham, NC, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "100343120", "name": "Raindrop Geomagic, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States", "fullName": "Raindrop Geomagic", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Research Triangle Park, NC, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60000745", "name": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States", "fullName": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "reference": "e", "fullAddress": "Urbana, IL, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,570 | 88,242 | Composite schemes for conservation laws | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis | Global composition of several time steps of the two-step Lax-Wendroff scheme followed by a Lax-Friedrichs step seems to enhance the best features of both, although it is only first order accurate. We show this by means of some examples of one-dimensional shallow water flow over an obstacle. In two dimensions we present a new version of Lax-Friedrichs and an associated second order predictor-corrector method. Composition of these schemes is shown to be effective and efficient for some two-dimensional Riemann problems and for Noh's infinite strength cylindrical shock problem. We also show comparable results for composition of the predictor-corrector scheme with a modified second order accurate weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme. That composition is second order but is more efficient and has better symmetry properties than WENO alone. For scalar advection in two dimensions the optimal stability of the new predictor-corrector scheme is shown using computer algebra. We also show that the generalization of this scheme to three dimensions is unstable, but by using sampling we are able to show that the composites are suboptimally stable. | ["Liska R.", "Wendroff B."] | ["6603802102", "6603089488"] | 1,998 | 87 | ["Composite schemes", "Conservation laws", "Hyperbolic systems", "Lax-friedrichs scheme", "Lax-wendroff scheme", "Two-dimensional riemann problem"] | 10.1137/S0036142996310976 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013323", "name": "Fac. of Nucl. Sci. and Phys. Eng., Czech Technical University in Prague, 115 19 Prague, Břehová 7, Czech Republic", "fullName": "Fac. of Nucl. Sci. and Phys. Eng., Czech Technical University in Prague", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "115 19 Prague, Břehová 7, Czech Republic", "departmentId": "103696189"}, {"id": "60006164", "name": "Group T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States", "fullName": "Group T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States", "departmentId": "103348681"}] |
1,571 | 88,444 | Radiation field in the troposphere and stratosphere from 240-1000 NM-I. General analysis | Planetary and Space Science | A method for rapid calculation of the multiply-scattered solar induced radiation field in the troposphere and stratosphere is presented. The method is described in sufficient detail so that the mathematical model can be incorporated in a straightforward manner into photochemical models of the troposphere and stratosphere. Results are described which show that multiple scattering and ground albedo can result in large amplifications of the radiation field in the photochemically active region 240-1000 nm. © 1982. | ["Meier R.R.", "Anderson Jr. D.E.", "Nicolet M."] | ["57203013413", "57211027485", "24374235300"] | 1,982 | 62 | [] | 10.1016/0032-0633(82)90134-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027271", "name": "E. O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C. 20375, United States", "fullName": "E. O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Washington, D. C. 20375, United States", "departmentId": "104382215"}, {"id": "60001439", "name": "Ionoshperic Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States", "fullName": "Ionoshperic Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "University Park, PA 16802, United States", "departmentId": "106052838"}] |
1,572 | 88,536 | A generalized scattering matrix method using the method of moments for electromagnetic analysis of multilayered structures in waveguide | IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques | The method of moments (MoM) in conjunction with the generalized scattering matrix (GSM) approach is proposed to analyze transverse multilayered structures in a metal waveguide. The formulation incorporates ports as an integral part of the GSM formulation, thus, the resulting model can be integrated with circuit analysis. The proposed technique permits the modeling of interactive discontinuities due to the consideration of a large number of modes in the cascade. The GSM-MoM method can be successfully applied to the investigation of a variety of shielded multilayered structures, iris coupled filters, determining the input impedance of probe excited waveguides, and of waveguide-based spatial power combiners. © 1999 IEEE. | ["Khalil A.I.", "Steer M.B."] | ["7201416725", "7103146832"] | 1,999 | 15 | ["Generalized scattering matrix", "Method of moments", "Numerical modeling"] | 10.1109/22.798013 | Article | English | [{"id": "60004923", "name": "Electronics Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, United States", "fullName": "Electronics Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Raleigh, NC 27695-7914, United States", "departmentId": "112508248"}] |
1,573 | 88,587 | An AND/OR-graph approach to the solution of two-dimensional non-guillotine cutting problems | European Journal of Operational Research | This work is concerned with unconstrained two-dimensional non-guillotine cutting problems, where a rectangular plate is cut into a number of rectangular pieces in such a way as to optimize an objective function. We reduce the state-space of the problem by considering non-guillotine cutting patterns which are combinations of guillotine and simple non-guillotine cuts. These cutting patterns are represented as complete paths in an AND/OR-graph and a branch and bound method is described. We provide rules and heuristics that reduce the graph search and present computational results from randomly generated examples as well as from the literature. © 1995. | ["Arenales M.", "Morabito R."] | ["6507226009", "7005870447"] | 1,995 | 47 | ["AND/OR-graph", "Branch and bound method", "Cutting/packing problems", "Graph search"] | 10.1016/0377-2217(95)00026-M | Article | English | [{"id": "60008088", "name": "Departamento de Computação e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560.970 São Carlos S.P., c.p. 668, Brazil", "fullName": "Departamento de Computação e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "13560.970 São Carlos S.P., c.p. 668, Brazil", "departmentId": "103448499"}, {"id": "60013792", "name": "Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565.905 São Carlos S.P., Brazil", "fullName": "Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Universidade Federal de São Carlos", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "13565.905 São Carlos S.P., Brazil", "departmentId": "105718611"}] |
1,574 | 88,628 | Processing of multi-dimensional NMR data with the new software PROSA | Journal of Biomolecular NMR | The new program PROSA is an efficient implementation of the common data-processing steps for multi-dimensional NMR spectra. PROSA performs linear prediction, digital filtering, Fourier transformation, automatic phase correction, and baseline correction. High efficiency is achieved by avoiding disk storage of intermediate data and by the absence of any graphics display, which enables calculation in the batch mode and facilitates porting PROSA on a variety of different computer systems; including supercomputers. Furthermore, all time-consuming routines are completely vectorized. The elimination of a graphics display was made possible by the use of a new, reliable automatic phase-correction routine. CPU times for complete processing of a typical heteronuclear three-dimensional NMR data set of a protein vary between less than 1 min on a NEC SX3 supercomputer and 40 min on a Sun-4 computer system. © 1992 ESCOM Science Publishers B.V. | ["Güntert P.", "Dötsch V.", "Wider G.", "Wüthrich K."] | ["7004640909", "7004513623", "7005702785", "36047173900"] | 1,992 | 259 | ["Baseline correction", "Data processing", "Fourier transformation", "Linear prediction", "Phase correction"] | 10.1007/BF02192850 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025858", "name": "Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule-Hönggerberg, Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biophysik, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland", "fullName": "Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule-Hönggerberg, Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biophysik", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland", "departmentId": null}] |
1,575 | 88,636 | Novel Intramolecular Aryl Migrations from Carbon to Silicon by a Free-Radical Mechanism. Migration vs. Cyclization | Journal of the American Chemical Society | null | ["Sakurai H.", "Hosomi A."] | ["35577820400", "58576402100"] | 1,970 | 0 | [] | 10.1021/ja00728a065 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008435", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Tohoku University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Sendai 980, Japan", "departmentId": "112672957"}] |
1,576 | 88,856 | Stability of some nonlinear functional differential equations | Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA | The procedure to construct Liapunov functionals for some nonlinear functional differential equations (FDEs) is proposed. Stability conditions for some nonlinear FDEs are obtained. © 1995 Birkhäuser Verlag. | ["Kolmanovski V.B."] | ["16407007500"] | 1,995 | 0 | [] | 10.1007/BF01295310 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007457", "name": "Moscow University of Electronics and Mathematics, Moscow, 109172, Novospasskii 3-1-20, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Moscow University of Electronics and Mathematics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Moscow, 109172, Novospasskii 3-1-20, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
1,577 | 88,887 | Regression Analysis of Nonlinear Catchment Systems | Water Resources Research | The catchment is considered as a nonlinear system with rainfall input and streamflow output. The system is analyzed by using a discrete form of the nonlinear convolution integrals in conjunction with stepwise multiple regression to obtain a prediction equation from the available rainfall and streamflow records. Experimental results for two rural catchments show that the analytical techniques employed have practical application in the continuous simulation of complex catchment behavior. Copyright 1971 by the American Geophysical Union. | ["Bidwell V.J."] | ["55915005100"] | 1,971 | 23 | [] | 10.1029/WR007i005p01118 | Article | English | [] |
1,578 | 88,888 | Industrial enterprises and economic space: The network paradigm | European Planning Studies | This paper is an extended review essay stimulated by the book of Conti, Malecki and Oinas (1995) on The Industrial Enterprise and its Environment. Three different paradigms of industrial organization are outlined with what has earlier been referred to as the network paradigm best capturing contemporary realities. The spatial implications of this framework are then drawn out and the limits of the paradigm summarized. | ["Capello R."] | ["6603743919"] | 1,996 | 28 | [] | 10.1080/09654319608720360 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023256", "name": "Dipto. di Economia e Produzione, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Italy", "fullName": "Dipto. di Economia e Produzione, Politecnico di Milano", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "20133 Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Italy", "departmentId": "104181950"}] |
1,579 | 88,975 | On the operator product expansion in the MS-scheme | Physics Letters B | The previously introduced "extension principle" and R<sup>*</sup>-operation are applied to deriving and studying a class of operator product expansions directly in the MS-scheme. Existence of simple explicit formulae for coefficient functions and the phenomenon of "perfect factorization" are pointed out. © 1983. | ["Tkachov F.V."] | ["6603718141"] | 1,983 | 30 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(83)91438-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021331", "name": "Institute for Nuclear Research, the Academy of Sciences, the USSR, 117312 Moscow, 60th October Prospect 7a, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Institute for Nuclear Research, the Academy of Sciences, the USSR", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "117312 Moscow, 60th October Prospect 7a, Russian Federation", "departmentId": "105486709"}] |
1,580 | 89,057 | Pareto's law for income of individuals and debt of bankrupt companies | Fractals | We analyze the distribution of income and income tax of individuals in Japan for the fiscal year 1998. From the rank-size plots, we find that the accumulated probability distribution of both data obey a power law with a Pareto exponent very close to -2. We also present an analysis of the distribution of the debts owed by bankrupt companies from 1997 to March 2000, which is consistent with a power law behavior with a Pareto exponent equal to -1. This power law is the same as that of the income distribution of companies. Possible implications of these findings for model building are discussed. | ["Aoyama H.", "Souma W.", "Nagahara Y.", "Okazaki M.P.", "Takayasu H.", "Takayasu M."] | ["7201935811", "6603630998", "56217246900", "36876899400", "7102699550", "8725869700"] | 2,000 | 87 | [] | 10.1142/S0218348X0000038X | Article | English | [{"id": "60011001", "name": "Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan", "fullName": "Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Kyoto 606-8501, Japan", "departmentId": "103592903"}, {"id": "60022180", "name": "Sch. of Polit. Science and Economics, Meiji University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8301, 1-1 Kanda-Surugadai, Japan", "fullName": "Sch. of Polit. Science and Economics, Meiji University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8301, 1-1 Kanda-Surugadai, Japan", "departmentId": "104136139"}, {"id": "101939831", "name": "Factory Automation System Department, Takagi-Shokai Co., Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-0062, 2-2-7 Kitasennzoku, Japan", "fullName": "Factory Automation System Department, Takagi-Shokai Co.", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-0062, 2-2-7 Kitasennzoku, Japan", "departmentId": "102998234"}, {"id": "60107446", "name": "Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0022, 3-14-13 Higashi-Gotanda, Japan", "fullName": "Sony Computer Science Laboratories", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0022, 3-14-13 Higashi-Gotanda, Japan", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60004526", "name": "Department of Complex Systems, Future University - Hakodate, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8655, 116-2 Kameda-Nakano-cho, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Complex Systems, Future University - Hakodate", "reference": "e", "fullAddress": "Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8655, 116-2 Kameda-Nakano-cho, Japan", "departmentId": "103269616"}] |
1,581 | 89,072 | On Markov chain Monte Carlo Methods for nonlinear and non-Gaussian state-space models | Communications in Statistics Part B: Simulation and Computation | In this paper, a nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian smoother utilizing Markov chain Monte Carlo Methods is proposed, where the measurement and transition equations are specified in any general formulation and the error terms in the state-space model are not necessarily normal. The random draws are directly generated from the smoothing densities. For random number generation, the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm and the Gibbs sampling technique are utilized. The proposed procedure is very simple and easy for programming, compared with the existing nonlinear and non-Gaussian smoothing techniques. Moreover, taking several candidates of the proposal density function, we examine precision of the proposed estimator. Copyright © 1999 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. | ["Geweke J.", "Tanizaki H."] | ["6701567319", "7004095028"] | 1,999 | 23 | ["Filtering", "Gibbs Sampling", "Markov Chain Monte Carlo", "Metropolis-Hastings Algorithm", "Nonlinear and Non-Gaussian State-Space Models", "Smoothing"] | 10.1080/03610919908813583 | Article | English | [{"id": "60091322", "name": "University of Minnesota, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Department of Economics, Minneapolis, MN 55455, 271 - 19th Ave. S., United States", "fullName": "University of Minnesota, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Department of Economics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Minneapolis, MN 55455, 271 - 19th Ave. S., United States", "departmentId": "108223519"}, {"id": "60011418", "name": "Kobe University, Faculty of Economics, Rokkodai, Nadaku Kobe 657-8501, Japan", "fullName": "Kobe University, Faculty of Economics", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Rokkodai, Nadaku Kobe 657-8501, Japan", "departmentId": "108313550"}] |
1,582 | 89,238 | Linear Scaling Density Functional Calculations with Gaussian Orbitals | Journal of Physical Chemistry A | Recent advances in linear scaling algorithms that circumvect the computational bottlenecks of large-scale electronic structure simulations make it possible to carry out density functional calculations with Gaussian orbitals on molecules containing more than 1000 atoms and 15 000 basis functions using current workstations and personal computers. This paper discusses the recent theoretical developments that have led to these advances and demonstrates in a series of benchmark calculations the present capabilities of state-of-the-art computational quantum chemistry programs for the prediction of molecular structure and properties. | ["Scuseria G.E."] | ["7006191508"] | 1,999 | 299 | [] | 10.1021/jp990629s | Article | English | [{"id": "60005286", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1892, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Rice University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Houston, TX 77005-1892, United States", "departmentId": "111296197"}] |
1,583 | 89,250 | Camera-robot transform for vision-guided tracking in a manufacturing work cell | Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems | The problem of camera calibration from the perspective of hand-eye integration (henceforth referred to as the Camera-Robot (CR) problem), is addressed in this paper. Mapping results obtained from a least-squares fit using pseudo-inverse technique and a three layer neural network are compared. The calibration matrix is developed to map the image coordinates of an IRI D256 vision processor equipped with a CCD camera directly on to the coordinates for an IBM 7540 SCARA manipulator. One transformation is obtained by performing a least-squares fit using pseudo-inverse technique on a set of one hundred data points which relates two-dimensional (2D) image coordinates to corresponding twodimensional robot coordinates. The CR problem is also approached by using the same data points on a neural network. The results not only demonstrate the ability of neural networks to 'learn' the transformation to a reasonable accuracy, but also from the basis for a relatively simple method of adaptive self-calibration of robot-vision systems. In a broader sense, the proposed method can be used to calibrate a variety of robotic sensors that are typically used in a flexible manufacturing environment. © 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers. | ["Nagchaudhuri A.", "Thint M.", "Garg D.P."] | ["7003856567", "6602381335", "7102459372"] | 1,992 | 5 | ["Back error propagation", "camera calibration", "computer vision", "flexible work cell", "neural network", "robotics", "sensor integration"] | 10.1007/BF00247423 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008724", "name": "Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, 27706, NC, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Durham, 27706, NC, United States", "departmentId": "103482787"}, {"id": "60008724", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, 27706, NC, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Duke University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Durham, 27706, NC, United States", "departmentId": "103482615"}] |
1,584 | 89,259 | Solving a linear multiperiod portfolio problem by interior-point methodology | Computer Science in Economics and Management | In this report we formulate a linear multiperiod programming problem and show how it can be solved by a new interior point algorithm. The conditions of convergence and applicability of the algorithm of centers are explicitly connected to the multiperiod programming problem. For the former, effective application is supported by a set of simplifying conditions stated and proved in the text. For the latter, boundedness and nontriviality under real world conditions is demonstrated, allowing for its solution by the interior point algorithm. The use of a fast interior point algorithm is motivated by some empirical evidence from a Revised Simplex optimizer. © 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers. | ["Östermark R."] | ["7005055944"] | 1,992 | 5 | ["interior point algorithm", "linear programming", "multiobjective programming", "Polynomial convergence"] | 10.1007/BF00436583 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015375", "name": "Department of Business Administration, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, 50, Henriksgatan 7, 20500, Finland", "fullName": "Department of Business Administration, Åbo Akademi University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Åbo, 50, Henriksgatan 7, 20500, Finland", "departmentId": "103793990"}] |
1,585 | 89,285 | A method for estimating the lengths and spatial patterns of two interpenetrating root systems | Plant and Soil | An autoradiographic method which enables the root density and pattern of interpenetrating root systems to be measured is described. An example of its use is given, in a study of the mutual effects of plants on the distribution of their root systems. It is suggested that such measurements may give information on the mechanism whereby root systems influence each other. © 1972 Martinus Nijhoff. | ["Baldwin J.P.", "Tinker P.B."] | ["16516426600", "6603955590"] | 1,972 | 18 | [] | 10.1007/BF01578497 | Article | English | [{"id": "60026851", "name": "Soil Science Laboratory, University of Oxford, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Soil Science Laboratory, University of Oxford", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104359664"}] |
1,586 | 89,306 | Symbolic dynamics and rotation numbers | Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications | In the space of binary sequences, minimal sets, that is: sets invariant under the shift operation, that have no invariant proper subsets, are investigated. In applications, such as a piecewise linear circle map and the Smale horseshoe in a mapping of the annulus, each of these sets is invariant under the mapping. These sets can be assigned a unique rotation number equal to the average of the number of ones in the sequences. One special minimal set is the optimal set for which the convergence of the running average to the rotation number is faster than for any other minimal set. These sequences are instrumental in analytically solving for the width of the parameter intervals for which members of a one parameter family of piecewise linear critical circle maps have rational rotation number. © 1986. | ["Veerman P."] | ["24407358200"] | 1,986 | 25 | [] | 10.1016/0378-4371(86)90015-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007776", "name": "Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States", "fullName": "Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ithaca, NY 14850, United States", "departmentId": "103427369"}] |
1,587 | 89,348 | The real core model and its scales | Annals of Pure and Applied Logic | This paper introduces the real core model K(R) and determines the extent of scales in this inner model. K(R) is an analog of Dodd-Jensen's core model K and contains L(R), the smallest inner model of ZF containing the reals R. We define iterable real premice M and show that Σ<sub>1</sub>(scM)∩P(R) has the scale property when MvR AD. We then prove the following Main Theorem: ZF + AD + V = K(R) ⇒ DC. Thus, we obtain the Corollary: If ZF + AD +P(R)⊈L(R) is consistent, then ZF + AD + DC + ∀α < ω<sup>2</sup> (α-Π<sub>1</sub><sup>1</sup>)-AD<sub>R</sub> is also consistent. © 1995. | ["Cunningham D.W."] | ["36938701400"] | 1,995 | 9 | [] | 10.1016/0168-0072(94)00023-V | Article | English | [{"id": "60032083", "name": "Mathematics Department, State University of New York, College at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14222, United States", "fullName": "Mathematics Department, State University of New York, College at Buffalo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Buffalo, NY 14222, United States", "departmentId": "104628382"}] |
1,588 | 89,355 | Soliton condensation in some self-dual Chern-Simons theories | Physics Letters B | We show that the gauged non-linear Schrödinger equation has a closely packed soliton-condensate as a solution. We also show that the abelian Chern-Simons Higgs theory has a vortex condensate as an approximate solution when the vortex cells are very small. © 1991. | ["Olesen P."] | ["7006765114"] | 1,991 | 27 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90066-Y | Article | English | [{"id": "60030840", "name": "Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Blegdamsvej 17, Denmark", "fullName": "Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Blegdamsvej 17, Denmark", "departmentId": null}] |
1,589 | 89,364 | Universality of Brézin and Zee's spectral correlator | Nuclear Physics, Section B | The smoothed correlation function for the eigenvalues of large hermitian matrices, derived recently by Brézin and Zee [Nucl. Phys. B402 (1993) 613], is generalized to all random-matrix ensembles of Wigner-Dyson type. © 1994. | ["Beenakker C.W.J."] | ["7006012277"] | 1,994 | 67 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90444-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60070756", "name": "Netherlands", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Netherlands", "departmentId": null}] |
1,590 | 89,463 | Net voltage caused by correlated symmetric noises | Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics | A Gaussian white noise model and a symmetric dichotomous noise model for superconducting (Josephson) junctions are studied. We show that correlated symmetric noises can produce a net voltage, which stems from a symmetric breaking of the system induced by the correlation between additive and multiplicative noises. It is found that there is a negative net voltage, exhibiting a peak with increasing noise strength. The results provide a theoretical foundation for reducing the net voltage caused by the correlated symmetric noises. © 1998 The American Physical Society. | ["Li J.-h.", "Huang Z.-q."] | ["36077518500", "7406219732"] | 1,998 | 57 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevE.58.139 | Article | English | [{"id": "60033100", "name": "Department of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China", "fullName": "Department of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Nanjing, 210093, China", "departmentId": "109541134"}, {"id": "60073467", "name": "Institute of Low Energy Nuclear Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China", "fullName": "Institute of Low Energy Nuclear Physics, Beijing Normal University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Beijing, 100875, China", "departmentId": null}] |
1,591 | 89,488 | Some new subgroups of the baby monster | Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society | In this paper we show how to construct maximal subgroups L<sub>2</sub>(31) and L<sub>2</sub>(49)·2 of the Baby Monster. We also show that each is unique up to conjugacy. © 1993 London Mathematical Society. | ["Wilson R.A."] | ["57203294122"] | 1,993 | 7 | [] | 10.1112/blms/25.1.23 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019702", "name": "School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, Edgbaston, United Kingdom", "fullName": "School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Birmingham", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Birmingham, B15 2TT, Edgbaston, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104003690"}] |
1,592 | 89,545 | On the response of a two-level quantum system to a class of time-dependent quasiperiodic perturbations | Journal of Statistical Physics | We study analytically the response of a two-level quantum system to a certain class of time-dependent quasiperiodic perturbations generated by a Fibonacci sequence. We show that the quasi-energy spectrum (Fourier transform of the evolution operator) generically is not a denumerable sum of delta functions. Hence the response is not quasiperiodic. Several numerical investigations (Poincaré sections, polarization fluctuation, etc.) suggest an intermediate kind of behavior between quasiperiodic and chaotic. © 1988 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Luck J.M.", "Orland H.", "Smilansky U."] | ["22962700200", "7003550398", "7003922083"] | 1,988 | 54 | ["Fibonacci sequence", "quantum chaos", "quasiperiodicity", "two-level systems"] | 10.1007/BF01014213 | Article | English | [{"id": "60106131", "name": "Service de Physique Théorique, Institut de Recherche Fondamentale, CEA-CEN Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, 91191, France", "fullName": "Service de Physique Théorique, Institut de Recherche Fondamentale, CEA-CEN Saclay", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, 91191, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60017563", "name": "Department of Nuclear Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "fullName": "Department of Nuclear Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "departmentId": "103907070"}, {"id": "60017563", "name": "Department of Electronics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "fullName": "Department of Electronics, Weizmann Institute of Science", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "departmentId": "103907019"}] |
1,593 | 89,556 | Wavelet-based approach to network analysis: An introduction | European Transactions on Electrical Power | Starting from recent results of signal processing theory about wavelet analysis the paper presents a proposal for a review of the electrical network theory based on these new mathematical tools. The basic idea is to find the possibility to extend closed-form approach in the analysis of electrical systems and arrange an extension of traditional impedance parameters to new and more advanced tools. | ["Gandelli A.", "Monti A.", "Riva M."] | ["7003465865", "57203094797", "58724514500"] | 1,998 | 0 | [] | 10.1002/etep.4450080406 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023256", "name": "Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica, Politecnico di Milano, 1-20133 Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica, Politecnico di Milano", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1-20133 Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Italy", "departmentId": "111965537"}] |
1,594 | 89,567 | Comments on conifolds | Nuclear Physics, Section B | Recently it has been shown that there are paths on the moduli space between two Calabi-Yau manifolds with different topology that have finite length. A priori, there exists the possibility that the singular manifold that is common to two different moduli spaces has two different Ricci-flat Kähler metrics, each being the limit of the Ricci-flat Kähler metric of the respective topologically distinct Calabi-Yau manifold. In this paper we show that this is not the case and the topology changing path is continuous even in the space of Ricci-flat Kähler metrics. The explicit form of the Ricci-flat Kähler metrics is calculated in the vicinity of the nodes for the conifold, the resolution and the deformation. A preliminary discussion of global issues is presented and it is shown that, owing to a topological obstruction, the manifold obtained as the result of independently resolving and deforming the nodes of a conifold in general cannot be Kähler. © 1990. | ["Candelas P.", "de la Ossa X.C."] | ["7004466929", "6602887128"] | 1,990 | 473 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(90)90577-Z | Article | English | [{"id": "60013372", "name": "Theory Group, Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, United States", "fullName": "Theory Group, Department of Physics, The University of Texas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Austin, TX 78712, United States", "departmentId": "105184009"}] |
1,595 | 89,586 | Infrared spectra of the germyl halides | The Journal of Chemical Physics | The infrared spectra of GeH<sub>3</sub>F, GeH<sub>3</sub>Cl, GeH <sub>3</sub>Br, GeH<sub>3</sub>I, and their fully deuterated analogs have been measured. All the fundamental vibrations have been observed and assigned. Normal coordinate treatments based on both simple valence and Urey-Bradley force fields have been performed. For germyl fluoride, unusually large frequency shifts have been observed to accompany the phase transition from gas to solid. | ["Freeman D.E.", "Rhee K.H.", "Wilson M.K."] | ["58327140600", "36942219600", "16059397900"] | 1,963 | 0 | [] | 10.1063/1.1734123 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023143", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Tufts University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Medford, MA, United States", "departmentId": "113545237"}, {"id": "60009982", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Harvard University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA, United States", "departmentId": "108166116"}, {"id": "60019412", "name": "Gulf Research and Development Company, Pittsburgh, PA, United States", "fullName": "Gulf Research and Development Company", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Pittsburgh, PA, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,596 | 89,594 | Family groupings on performance of portfolio selection in the Hong Kong stock market | Journal of Banking and Finance | In this paper, we propose to construct efficient portfolios in the Hong Kong stock market by making use of a homogeneous grouping of stocks based on common family ownership. After taking family grouping into account, it is found that correlation structure of stocks' price movements can be predicted more accurately. Also portfolios can be constructed so that its performance in a future period are better than those constructed under a single index model or a multi-index model using standard industry classification as grouping criteria for stocks. © 1994. | ["Lam K.", "Mok H.M.K.", "Cheung I.", "Yam H.C."] | ["36492945700", "8834200300", "24292971000", "24297472800"] | 1,994 | 20 | ["Efficient frontier", "Family grouping", "Multi-index model", "Portfolio selection", "Single-index model"] | 10.1016/0378-4266(94)00017-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006541", "name": "Department of Statistics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, The University of Hong Kong", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong", "departmentId": "103368782"}, {"id": "60002798", "name": "Department of Operations and Systems Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong", "fullName": "Department of Operations and Systems Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Hong Kong, Hong Kong", "departmentId": "103192928"}, {"id": "60006541", "name": "Department of Statistics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, The University of Hong Kong", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Hong Kong, Hong Kong", "departmentId": "103368782"}] |
1,597 | 89,615 | Two-Process Models of Recognition Memory: Evidence for Recall-to-Reject? | Journal of Memory and Language | According to two-process accounts of recognition memory, a familiarity-based process is followed by a slower, more accurate, recall-like process. The dominant two-process account is the recall-to-reject account, in which this second process facilitates the rejection of similar foils. To evaluate the recall-to-reject account, we reanalyzed two experiments from Hintzman and Curran (1994) in which subjects made word recognition judgments at different response deadlines, and we conducted two new recognition experiments using pairs of similar pseudowords. The new analyses included modeling at both the group and individual subject levels. The results did not provide any distinctive evidence for recall-to-reject. In addition to discussing this two-process account, we describe a one-process account of recognition, in which the nature of similarity information varies across the course of judgment. © 1999 Academic Press. | ["Rotello C.M.", "Heit E."] | ["6602238672", "6701687414"] | 1,999 | 95 | ["Recall-to-reject; time course; recall; recognition; response signal"] | 10.1006/jmla.1998.2623 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014313", "name": "University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States", "fullName": "University of Massachusetts", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Amherst, MA, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60022020", "name": "University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom", "fullName": "University of Warwick", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Coventry, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
1,598 | 89,649 | Charge transport in conducting polymers | Faraday Discussions of the Chemical Society | Experimental data on the electrical conductivity of conducting polymers is reviewed. Polyacetylene is regarded as a prototype and the conductivity is studied as a function of doping level, temperature, frequency and conjugation length. The consistency of the data with a model of anisotropic variable range hopping is pointed out, with the exception of very highly doped samples, where in addition to hopping also temperature-independent tunnelling between large conducting domains has to be assumed. | ["Roth S.", "Bleier H.", "Pukacki W."] | ["7402433571", "6701623197", "6603338573"] | 1,989 | 42 | [] | 10.1039/DC9898800223 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016924", "name": "Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, D-7000 Stuttgart 80, Heisenbergstraße 1, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-7000 Stuttgart 80, Heisenbergstraße 1, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,599 | 89,712 | Distortion of the Arrhenius parameters by the inappropriate kinetic model function | Thermochimica Acta | null | ["Koga N.", "Šesták J.", "Málek J."] | ["55600534400", "56247858500", "7101885129"] | 1,991 | 77 | [] | 10.1016/0040-6031(91)87091-A | Article | English | [{"id": "60031135", "name": "Institute of Physics, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 180 40 Prague 8, N a Slovance 2, Czech Republic", "fullName": "Institute of Physics, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "180 40 Prague 8, N a Slovance 2, Czech Republic", "departmentId": "100268363"}, {"id": "105844712", "name": "Joint Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and Institute of Chemical Technology, 532 10 PardubiceCzechoslovakia", "fullName": null, "reference": "b", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,600 | 89,744 | Content-based similarity retrieval of images based on spatial color distributions | Proceedings - International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing, ICIAP 1999 | The importance of image retrieval systems which search image databases for images that users want to see has been increasing, while advances in computer technology have enabled us to make large image databases easily. This paper proposes a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system in which an example image is given as a query. One of the most important factors of CBIR using a pictorial query is the design of features which represent the appearance of the query image. To capture the color distribution of images, the proposed method uses multiple local color histograms corresponding to segmented sub-regions, while most previous histogram-based image retrieval systems have used a global single color histogram for an entire image. Segmentation of an image is done by dividing the image into two rectangular regions recursively based on the discriminant analysis. The resulting binary tree structure of regions facilitates the evaluation of similarity among images. The paper also describes two kinds of experiments and results to demonstrate the discriminant ability of our system and to evaluate the consistency of the proposed similarity function and a human sense of similarity of images. Results show that our system can effectively capture spatial color information and retrieve similar appearance images in comparison with the single histogram method. It was also confirmed that the proposed method improves the consistency of the similarity function and a human sense for many query images in the experiment. © 1999 IEEE. | ["Yamamoto H.", "Iwasa H.", "Yokoya N.", "Takemura H."] | ["55965550700", "7005474938", "7005308860", "7201655004"] | 1,999 | 13 | [] | 10.1109/ICIAP.1999.797718 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60025017", "name": "Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, 8916-5 Takayama, Japan", "fullName": "Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, 8916-5 Takayama, Japan", "departmentId": "113662759"}, {"id": "60003765", "name": "Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Japan", "fullName": "Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Japan", "departmentId": null}] |
1,601 | 89,772 | Analysis of feedforward-backpropagation neural networks used in vehicle detection | Transportation Research Part C | Current vision-based vehicle detection systems use image-processing algorithms to monitor the presence of vehicles on the roads. Recent research has shown that an artificial feedforward neural network can be trained to provide similar capabilities. A properly trained and configured network should be able to recognize the presence of vehicles in the images it has never been exposed to. This paper discusses the development of a feedforward-backpropagation neural network-based vehicle detection system that recognizes and tracks vehicles with satisfactory reliability and efficiency. Various issues that are important in selecting the optimal neural network model-like the architecture of the network including the number of hidden layers, their units, learning rule, tiling characteristics of the input image and the output representation of the network-are addressed in this paper. This paper also analyzes how the neural network internally learns the mapping knowledge of the input-output training pairs. The final section describes an output post processor that produces the traditional pulse and presence signals. © 1995. | ["Mantri S.", "Bullock D."] | ["6602310536", "35607845100"] | 1,995 | 21 | [] | 10.1016/0968-090X(95)00004-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007566", "name": "Remote Sensing and Image Processing Laboratory, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States", "fullName": "Remote Sensing and Image Processing Laboratory, Louisiana State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States", "departmentId": "103416738"}, {"id": "60007566", "name": "Department of Civil Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States", "fullName": "Department of Civil Engineering, Louisiana State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States", "departmentId": "100261822"}] |
1,602 | 89,850 | Contact angle hysteresis: The need for new theoretical and experimental models | Journal of Adhesion | Wetting on ambient, heterogeneous surfaces is characterized by contact angle hysteresis. Quantitative models of contact angle hysteresis are essential in order to design surfaces with specific wetting behavior or to interpret experiments seeking to characterize a surface through its wetting properties. We focus on the successes and failures of theoretical models as well as experiments on model surfaces in describing contact angle hysteresis on ambient surfaces. We describe experimental observations of contact line structure and dynamics as well as contact angle hysteresis on laboratory surfaces. We discuss three general classes of models treating one-dimensional periodic heterogeneity, two-dimensional periodic heterogeneity, and random heterogeneity. We show where these models succeed and where they fail to agree quantitatively and qualitatively with experimental observations. New models treating strong, dense heterogeneity as well as temporal relaxation of contact angles in experimental environments need to be developed to provide quantitative descriptions of contact angle hysteresis on ambient surfaces. | ["Decker E.L.", "Garoff S."] | ["35822864800", "56264310500"] | 1,997 | 18 | ["Contact angle", "Contact angle hysteresis", "Contact line", "Heterogeneous surface", "Interface roughness", "Spreading", "Wetting"] | 10.1080/00218469708015219 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025574", "name": "Dept. Phys. Colloids, Poly., S., Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States", "fullName": "Dept. Phys. Colloids, Poly., S., Carnegie Mellon University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States", "departmentId": "104416097"}] |
1,603 | 89,951 | A preemptive priority handoff scheme in integrated voice and data cellular mobile systems | IEICE Transactions on Communications | In this paper, we propose a preemptive priority handoff scheme for integrated voice/data cellular mobile systems. In our scheme, calls are divided into three different classes: handoff voice calls, originating voice calls, and data calls. In each cell of the system there is a queue only for data calls. Priority is given to handoff voice calls over the other two kinds of calls. That is, the right to preempt the service of data is given to a handoff voice call if on arrival it finds no idle channels. The interrupted data call returns to the queue. The system is modeled by a two-dimensional Markov chain. We apply the Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) method to obtain the equilibrium state probabilities. Blocking and forced termination probabilities for voice calls are obtained. Moreover, average queue length and average transmission delay of data calls are evaluated. The results are compared with another handoff scheme for integrated voice/data cellular mobile systems where some numbers of channels are reserved for voice handoff calls. It is shown that, when the data traffic is not very light, the new scheme can provide lower blocking probability for originating voice calls, lower forced termination probability for ongoing voice calls, and shorter average queue length and less average transmission delay for data calls. | ["Li B.", "Zeng Q.-A.", "Mukumotq K.", "Fukuda A."] | ["57219043843", "7401806880", "14045570000", "35299030500"] | 1,999 | 7 | ["Integration of voice and data handoff scheme", "Mobile communication systems", "Preemptive priority"] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60025578", "name": "Institute of Communication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China", "fullName": "Institute of Communication Engineering, Xidian University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Xi'an, 710071, China", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60031293", "name": "3Rd Development Department, Mobile Communication Systems Division, NEC Corporation, Tokyo 108-0073, Japan", "fullName": "3Rd Development Department, Mobile Communication Systems Division, NEC Corporation", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Tokyo 108-0073, Japan", "departmentId": "104593127"}, {"id": "60103680", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu-shi, 432-8561, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Shizuoka University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Hamamatsu-shi, 432-8561, Japan", "departmentId": "109952299"}] |
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