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1,604 | 89,955 | Next generation PET data acquisition architectures | IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science | New architectures for higher performance data acquisition in PET are proposed. Improvements are demanded primarily by three areas of advancing PET state of the art. First, larger detector arrays such as the Hammersmith ECAT EXACT HR++ exceed the addressing capacity of 32 bit coincidence event words. Second, better scintillators (LSO) make depth-ofinteraction (DOI) and time-of-flight (TOP) operation more practical. Third, fully optimized single photon attenuation correction requires higher rates of data collection. New technologies which enable the proposed third generation Real Time Sorter (RTS III) include: 1) 80 M byte/sec Fibre Channel RAID disk systems, 2) PowerPC on both VMEbus and PCI Local bus, and 3) quadruple interleaved DRAM controller designs. Data acquisition flexibility is enhanced through a wider 64 bit coincidence event word. PET methodology support includes DOI (6 bits), TOP (6 bits), multiple energy windows (6 bits), 512x512 sinogram indexes (18 bits), and 256 crystal rings (16 bits). Throughput of 10 M events/sec is expected for list-mode data collection as well as both on-line and replay histogramming. Fully efficient list-mode storage for each PET application is provided by real-time bit packing of only the active event word bits. Real-time circuits provide DOI rebinning. © 1997 IEEE. | ["Jones W.F.", "Reed J.H.", "Everman J.L.", "Young J.W.", "Seese R.D."] | ["56309634600", "7403642430", "6506578346", "7408527517", "6507534764"] | 1,997 | 10 | [] | 10.1109/23.596988 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003407", "name": "CTI PET Systems, Inc., Knoxville, TN, United States", "fullName": "CTI PET Systems, Inc.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Knoxville, TN, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60074820", "name": "Chrislin Industries, Inc., Westlake Village, CA, United States", "fullName": "Chrislin Industries, Inc.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Westlake Village, CA, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,605 | 89,971 | Intrinsic topology and refinement of Hutton unit interval | Science in China (Scientia Sinica) Series A | This paper introduces the theory of continuous lattices to the study of the Hutton unit interval I(L). Some theorems related to I(L) are pithily proved. A kind of intrinsic topologies is applied to refining the topology of I(L), and a new fuzzy unit interval, called the H(λ) unit interval, is defined. Based on the H(λ) unit interval the H(λ)-complete regularity is introduced. Also, the theory of H(λ)-Stone-Čech compactifications is established. © 1992. | ["Wang G.-j.", "Xu L.-s."] | ["55738583600", "55732541600"] | 1,992 | 13 | ["H(λ)-complete regularity", "H(λ)-Stone-Čech compactification", "Hutton unit interval", "intrinsic topology"] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60000174", "name": "Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China", "fullName": "Shaanxi Normal University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Xi'an, 710062, China", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60007381", "name": "Yangzhou Teachers College, Yangzhou, 225002, China", "fullName": "Yangzhou Teachers College", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Yangzhou, 225002, China", "departmentId": null}] |
1,606 | 89,981 | Minimal acylase-like peptides. conformational control of absolute stereospecificity | Journal of Organic Chemistry | null | ["Copeland G.T.", "Jarvo E.R.", "Miller S.J."] | ["7005471094", "7801399008", "35447030100"] | 1,998 | 115 | [] | 10.1021/jo981642w | Article | English | [{"id": "60031117", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167-3860, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Chestnut Hill, MA 02167-3860, United States", "departmentId": "105369398"}] |
1,607 | 90,095 | A nonequilibrium entropy for dynamical systems | Journal of Statistical Physics | It is proposed to define entropy for nonequilibrium ensembles using a method of coarse graining which partitions phase space into sets which typically have zero measure. These are chosen by considering the totality of future possibilities for observation on the system. It is shown that this entropy is necessarily a nondecreasing function of the time t. There is no contradiction with the reversibility of the laws of motion because this method of coarse graining is asymmetric under time reversal. Under suitable conditions (which are stated explicitly) this entropy approaches the equilibrium entropy as t→+∞ and the fine-grained entropy as t→-∞. In particular, the conditions can always be satisfied if the system is a K-system, as in the Sinai billiard models. Some theorems are given which give information about whether it is possible to generate the partition used here for coarse graining from time translates of a finite partition, and at the same time elucidate the connection between our concept of entropy and the entropy invariant of Kolmogorov and Sinai. © 1981 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Goldstein S.", "Penrose O."] | ["7402140409", "6603578930"] | 1,981 | 34 | ["dynamical system", "Entropy", "H-theorem", "irreversibility", "K-system"] | 10.1007/BF01013304 | Article | English | [{"id": "60119578", "name": "Hill Center for Mathematical Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States", "fullName": "Hill Center for Mathematical Sciences, Rutgers University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States", "departmentId": "123250722"}, {"id": "60012113", "name": "Faculty of Mathematics, Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Faculty of Mathematics, Open University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Milton Keynes, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "103640807"}] |
1,608 | 90,102 | Finite sample corrections to entropy and dimension estimates | Physics Letters A | We derive the systematic corrections to estimates of generalized (Renyi) entropies and to generalized dimensions D<sub>q</sub> from finite data sets. As an application, we discuss correlation estimates of D<sub>q</sub> for the Hénon map. We end with some remarks about lacunarity measures. © 1988. | ["Grassberger P."] | ["7005432814"] | 1,988 | 214 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(88)90193-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022995", "name": "Physics Department, University of Wuppertal, D-5600 Wuppertal 1, Germany", "fullName": "Physics Department, University of Wuppertal", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-5600 Wuppertal 1, Germany", "departmentId": "104167683"}] |
1,609 | 90,128 | Visualizing weight dynamics in the N-2-N encoder | IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks - Conference Proceedings | Kruglyak proved that sets of weights exist so that Multi-Layer Perceptrons can solve arbitrarily large N-2-N encoder problems. We extend Kruglyak's static geometric construction to give a way of visualizing weights dynamics during learning. This visualization provides insight as to why Back Propagation has difficulty in finding suitable N-2-N encoder weights for N>8. We believe this new insight has general consequences, relating to the danger of utilizing intermediate activity values in hidden units, and difficulties with finding solutions for tightly constrained (but not necessarily large) problems. © 1993 IEEE. | ["Lister R."] | ["7007170937"] | 1,993 | 2 | [] | 10.1109/ICNN.1993.298637 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60031004", "name": "Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, 4072, QLD, Australia", "fullName": "Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "4072, QLD, Australia", "departmentId": "105345134"}] |
1,610 | 90,192 | A new ADC circuit for nuclear spectroscopy based on digital signal processing techniques | Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A | A 12-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit for nuclear spectroscopy applications was developed using a digital signal processor (DSP) as the central processing element. The DSP runs a program that builds the distribution function of data collected by the ADC (the multichannel analyzer algorithm) and simultaneously corrects the ADC differential nonlinearity (DNL) by the sliding scale method. The acquisition routine runs in ≃4 μs. The conversion time, when the faster versions of the ADC are used, is well below 10 μs. The resulting DNL is better than 0.4% and the integral nonlinearity <0.002%. © 1990. | ["Correia C.M.B.A.", "Martins J."] | ["7007018606", "7201798841"] | 1,990 | 11 | [] | 10.1016/0168-9002(90)90562-K | Article | English | [{"id": "60020985", "name": "Instrumentation Group, Physics Department, University of Coimbra, Portugal", "fullName": "Instrumentation Group, Physics Department, University of Coimbra", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Portugal", "departmentId": "104062300"}] |
1,611 | 90,232 | Nonlinear Filtering of Multiplied and Convolved Signals | IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics | An approach to some nonlinear filtering problems through a generalized notion of superposition has proven useful. In this paper this approach is investigated for the nonlinear filtering of signals which can be expressed as products or as convolutions of components. The applications of this approach in audio dynamic range compression and expansion, image enhancement with applications to bandwidth reduction, echo removal, and speech waveform processing are presented. Copyright © 1968 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. | ["Oppenheim A.V.", "Schafer R.W.", "Stockham T.G., Jr."] | ["7102993246", "55951191700", "6701608764"] | 1,968 | 87 | [] | 10.1109/TAU.1968.1161990 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024592", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Mass., United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Mass., United States", "departmentId": "105248806"}, {"id": "60021378", "name": "Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, N.J., United States", "fullName": "Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, N.J., United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025488", "name": "Department of Computer Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah., United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Sciences, University of Utah", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Salt Lake City, Utah., United States", "departmentId": "109368652"}] |
1,612 | 90,413 | An interconnect-centric design flow for nanometer technologies | Proceedings of the IEEE | As the integrated circuits (ICs) are scaled into nanometer dimensions and operate in gigahertz frequencies, interconnects have become critical in determining system perfonnance and reliability. This paper presents the ongoing research effort at UCLA in developing an interconnect-centric design flow, including interconnect planning, interconnect synthesis, and interconnect layout, which allows interconnect design and optimization to be properly considered at every level of the design process. Efficient interconnect performance estinmtion models and tools at various levels are also developed to support such an interconnect-centric design flow. © 2001 IEEE. | ["Cong J."] | ["25931913900"] | 2,001 | 131 | ["Buffer block planning", "Buffer insertion", "Circuit partitioning", "Computer-aided design", "Delay minimization"] | 10.1109/5.920581 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027550", "name": "Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States", "departmentId": "113848078"}] |
1,613 | 90,546 | Properties of a one-parameter family of bivariate distributions with specified marginals | Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods | Using a family of functions first described by Frank (1979), a one-parameter family of bivariate distributions is constructed. This family has arbitrary marginals and contains the Fréchet bounds as well as the member corresponding to independent random variables. Three nonparametric measures of correlation (Spearman's rho, Kendall's tau, and the medial correlation coefficient) are evaluated, and a simple transformation to generate random samples from an arbitrary member of the family is presented. © 1986, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Nelsen R.B."] | ["7003995701"] | 1,986 | 64 | ["bivariate distributions", "copulas", "Fréchet bounds", "Kendall's tau", "simulation", "Spearman's rho"] | 10.1080/03610928608829309 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015036", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, Oregon 97219, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Lewis and Clark College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Portland, Oregon 97219, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,614 | 90,563 | The (d, k) Subcode of a Linear Block Code | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory | A simple technique employing linear block codes to construct (d, k) error-correcting block codes is considered. This scheme allows asymptotically reliable transmission at rate R over a BSC channel with capacity C<sub>BSC</sub> provided R < C<sub>d.</sub><sub>k</sub><sub>-</sub><sub>(1</sub>+ C<sub>BSC</sub>), where C<sub>d.</sub><sub>k</sub>is the maximum entropy of a (d, k) source. For the same error-correction capability, the loss in code rate incurred by a multiple-error correcting (d, k) code resulting from this scheme is no greater than that incurred by the parent linear block code. The single-error correcting code is asymptotically optimal. A modification allows the correction of single bit-shaft errors as well. Decoding can be accomplished using off-the-shelf decoders. A systematic (but suboptimal) encoding scheme as well as detailed case studies are provided. © 1992 IEEE | ["Patapoutian A.", "Kumar P.V."] | ["7003979977", "6602917735"] | 1,992 | 19 | ["(d k) error-correction", "constrained error-correction", "Runlength-limited codes"] | 10.1109/18.144720 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021293", "name": "IBM Tucson at 68-M/061-2, Tucson, AZ, 85744, 9000 Rita Road, United States", "fullName": "IBM Tucson at 68-M/061-2", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tucson, AZ, 85744, 9000 Rita Road, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60029311", "name": "Communications Sciences Institute, EE-Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2565, 9000 Rita Road, United States", "fullName": "Communications Sciences Institute, EE-Systems, University of Southern California", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2565, 9000 Rita Road, United States", "departmentId": "104483419"}] |
1,615 | 90,572 | Statistics of adaptive nulling and use of the generalized eigenrelation (GER) for modeling inhomogeneities in adaptive processing | IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing | This paper examines the integrity of the generalized eigenrelation (GER), which is an approach to assessing performance in an adaptive processing context involving covariance estimation when the adaptive processors are subject to undernulled interference. The GER is a mathematical relation, which if satisfied, often facilitates closed-form analysis of adaptive processors employing estimated covariances subject to inhomogeneities. The goal of this paper is to determine what impact this constraint has on the integrity of the adaptive nulling process. In order to examine the impact of the GER constraint on adaptive nulling, we establish fundamental statistical convergence properties of an adaptive null for the sample covariance-based (SCB) minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer. Novel exact expressions relating the mean and variance of an adaptive null of a homogeneously trained beamformer to the mean and variance of a nonhomogeneous trained beamformer are derived. In addition, it is shown that the Reed et al. result for required sample support can be highly inaccurate under nonhomogeneous conditions. Indeed, the required sample support can at times depend directly on the power of the undernulled interference. © 2000 IEEE. | ["Richmond C.D."] | ["7101740455"] | 2,000 | 30 | ["Adaptive null", "Beamforming", "Inhomogeneous", "Sample covariance", "Sidelobe levels", "Undernulled interference"] | 10.1109/78.839974 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024592", "name": "Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA 02420, United States", "fullName": "Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Lexington, MA 02420, United States", "departmentId": "104136729"}] |
1,616 | 90,608 | A method of studying the existence of nontrivial solutions to some classes of operator equations with an application to resonance problems in mechanics | Nonlinear Analysis | null | ["Vavilov S.A."] | ["57189548942"] | 1,995 | 8 | ["generalized eigenvalue problem", "Nontrivial solution", "resonance problems in mechanics", "sets of nonlinear operator equations", "the degree of mapping theory"] | 10.1016/0362-546X(94)E0068-R | Article | English | [{"id": "60072485", "name": "St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics, Computer Technological Systems Department, St. Petersburg, 197101, ul. Sablinskaya 14, Russian Federation", "fullName": "St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics, Computer Technological Systems Department", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "St. Petersburg, 197101, ul. Sablinskaya 14, Russian Federation", "departmentId": "106884062"}] |
1,617 | 90,630 | Network Theory Without Circuit Elements | Proceedings of the IEEE | Network methods are by no means limited to lumped systems. Once the ports of a generalized physical structure are defined by use of a modal decomposition of signals, the structure can be analyzed using network techniques which extend beyond the domain of RLC systems and rational network functions. If the physical system is observed as a black box at its ports and various physical time-domain postulates such as linearity, energy, and power conservation theorems are applied in network terms, a variety of realizability relations are obtained for linear passive, time-invariant structures. For example, one is led to generalizations of bounded real and positive real functions for distributed systems. The network technique also results in a number of interesting theorems for lossless structures such as a generalization of Foster's reactance theorem, and restrictions on minimum phase realizability, and on signal transmission and group delay in distributed, lossless networks These results apply in structures containing gyrotropic, dispersive media as well as in the reciprocal, nondispersive case. © 1967, IEEE. All rights reserved. | ["Carlin H.J."] | ["7004604255"] | 1,967 | 18 | [] | 10.1109/PROC.1967.5570 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007776", "name": "School of Electrical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., United States", "fullName": "School of Electrical Engineering, Cornell University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Ithaca, N.Y., United States", "departmentId": "113697002"}] |
1,618 | 90,736 | Diffusive dynamics and periodic orbits of dynamical systems | Physics Letters A | We show how to organize the set of periodic orbits of dynamical systems exhibiting deterministic diffusion into a cycle expansion giving the diffusion coefficient D. This expansion is used to derive analytically D for a class of such dynamical systems. © 1991. | ["Artuso R."] | ["35588104500"] | 1,991 | 44 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(91)91062-I | Article | English | [{"id": "60114755", "name": "Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, I.N.F.N., I-20133 Milan, Via Celoria 16, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, I.N.F.N.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "I-20133 Milan, Via Celoria 16, Italy", "departmentId": "122206875"}] |
1,619 | 90,766 | Waiting Time Effects for Gauss Curvature Flows | Indiana University Mathematics Journal | R. Hamilton in [Ham1] proved that a planar region on a convex hypersurface does not "instantly bend", and so instantly vanish, under Gauss curvature flow. We demonstrate that if the surface is smooth, the planar region in fact does not move at all for some positive time. This is a sort of geometric analogue of "waiting time" phenomena for the porous medium equation. | ["Chopp D.", "Evans L.C.", "Ishii H."] | ["6603445600", "7401488453", "35757657300"] | 1,999 | 18 | [] | 10.1512/iumj.1999.48.1556 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007363", "name": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States", "fullName": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Evanston, IL 60208, United States", "departmentId": "113310414"}, {"id": "60005038", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-03, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Tokyo Metropolitan University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Hachioji, Tokyo 192-03, Japan", "departmentId": "108528062"}, {"id": "60025038", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of California", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,620 | 90,777 | Stability and evolution of the quiescent and travelling solitonic bubbles | Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena | We simulate numerically the dynamics of the bubble-like solitons of the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In agreement with earlier predictions, slow moving bubbles have been observed to be unstable, in contrast to rapid bubbles which stabilize above a certain critical velocity. The empirical formula for the critical velocity has been confirmed to a high degree of accuracy. Based on the choice of some critical perturbation, we derive an integral criterion for stability of kinks and bubbles of the general nonlinear Schrödinger equation which provides an explanation of the appearance of the critical velocity. Finally, we follow numerically the nonlinear evolution of the unstable bubbles in one, two and three dimensions. © 1993. | ["Barashenkov I.V.", "Panova E.Y."] | ["6701836798", "24302967100"] | 1,993 | 83 | [] | 10.1016/0167-2789(93)90184-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000356", "name": "Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, South Africa, Private Bag Rondebosch 7700, South Africa", "fullName": "Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "South Africa, Private Bag Rondebosch 7700, South Africa", "departmentId": "109934056"}, {"id": "60004764", "name": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Dubna, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
1,621 | 90,781 | Test of single cluster update for the three-dimensional XY model | Physics Letters A | The Monte Carlo cluster update in Wolff's single cluster formulation is tested for the three-dimensional XY model on simple cubic lattices. A significant reduction of critical slowing down near the phase transition is observed. Combined with the use of improved estimators and histogram sampling, this allows accurate computations of the transition temperature and the critical exponents in reasonable computer time. © 1990. | ["Janke W."] | ["7102841112"] | 1,990 | 87 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(90)90808-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030718", "name": "Institut für Theorie der Elementarteilchen, Freie Universität Berlin, D-1000 Berlin 33, Arnimallee 14, Germany", "fullName": "Institut für Theorie der Elementarteilchen, Freie Universität Berlin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-1000 Berlin 33, Arnimallee 14, Germany", "departmentId": "104554378"}] |
1,622 | 90,835 | Graph coloring in linear time | Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B | In the 1960s, Minty, Gallai, and Roy proved that k-colorability of graphs has equivalent conditions in terms of the existence of orientations containing no cycles resp. paths with some orientation patterns. We give a common generalization of those classic results, providing new (necessary and sufficient) conditions for a graph to be k-chromatic. We also prove that if an orientation with those properties is available, or cycles of given lengths are excluded, then a proper coloring with a small number of colors can be found by a fast-linear or polynomial-algorithm. The basic idea of the proofs is to introduce directed and weighted variants of depth-first-search trees. Several related problems are raised. © 1992. | ["Tuza Z."] | ["35616671500"] | 1,992 | 17 | [] | 10.1016/0095-8956(92)90042-V | Article | English | [{"id": "60024855", "name": "Hungary", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Hungary", "departmentId": null}] |
1,623 | 90,836 | Perfect Bayesian equilibrium and sequential equilibrium | Journal of Economic Theory | We introduce a formal definition of perfect Bayesian equilibrium (PBE) for multi-period games with observed actions. In a PBE, (P) the strategies form a Bayesian equilibrium for each continuation game, given the specified beliefs, and (B) beliefs are updated from period to period in accordance with Bayes rule whenever possible, and satisfy a "no-signaling-what-you-don't-know" condition. PBE is equivalent to sequential equilibrium if each player has only two types, or there are only two periods, but differs otherwise. Equivalence is restored by requiring that (B) apply to the relative probabilities of types with posterior probability zero. © 1991. | ["Fudenberg D.", "Tirole J."] | ["6604061536", "13805189500"] | 1,991 | 298 | [] | 10.1016/0022-0531(91)90155-W | Article | English | [{"id": "60022195", "name": "Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "departmentId": "105332148"}] |
1,624 | 90,997 | Improvement and automation of the LPSVD algorithm by continuous regularization of the singular values | Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) | null | ["Kölbel W.", "Schäfer H."] | ["24298740400", "7202223081"] | 1,992 | 14 | [] | 10.1016/0022-2364(92)90066-G | Article | English | [{"id": "60008042", "name": "Fachbereich Physik, Universität Leipzig, 0-7010 Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 5, Germany", "fullName": "Fachbereich Physik, Universität Leipzig", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "0-7010 Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 5, Germany", "departmentId": "105482837"}] |
1,625 | 91,032 | Robust Methods In Econometrics | Econometric Reviews | This survey of recent developments in robust estimation and inference is directed primarily toward econometricians. It is argued that many of the techniques in common use in econometrics are highly sensitive to unverified hypotheses. Recent progress in designing alternative robust procedures is described and some prospects for future developments are discussed. © 1982, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Koenker R."] | ["7004305461"] | 1,982 | 60 | ["bounded-influence estimation", "influence curves", "linear model", "location model", "regression quantiles"] | 10.1080/07311768208800017 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021378", "name": "Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, 07974, United States", "fullName": "Bell Laboratories", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Murray Hill, NJ, 07974, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,626 | 91,051 | Optical contrast in apertureless microscopy | Applied Optics | We report on optical image contrast for a specific apertureless near-field optical microscope. We demonstrate that the main part of the optical image’s contrast results from the samples topography. The coupling mechanism is analyzed, and we show that the microscope can be regarded as an interferometer that sensitively detects near-field components. However, in the basic configuration the reference field of the interferometer is coupled to the topography. Finally, it is demonstrated that, by controlling the phase of the reference field, one can largely decorrelate the optical image from the topography. © 2000 Optical Society of America. | ["Azoulay J.", "Débarre A.", "Richard A.", "Tchénio P."] | ["8089682300", "6701707018", "36002698600", "56023749300"] | 2,000 | 21 | [] | 10.1364/AO.39.000129 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023504", "name": "Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, 91405, Bâtiment 505, Cedex, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Orsay, 91405, Bâtiment 505, Cedex, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,627 | 91,081 | New methods for students' evaluation using fuzzy sets | Fuzzy Sets and Systems | In an earlier work, Biswas (1995) presented two methods for the application of fuzzy sets in students' answerscripts evaluation. In this paper, we extend his work to propose two new methods for evaluating students' answerscripts using fuzzy sets. The proposed methods can overcome the drawbacks in Biswas (1995) due to the fact that they do not need to perform the complicated matching operations and they can evaluate students' answerscripts in a more fair manner. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. | ["Chen S.-M.", "Lee C.-H."] | ["56159136500", "35793638500"] | 1,999 | 102 | ["Extended fuzzy grade sheet", "Fuzzy set", "Generalized extended fuzzy grade sheet", "Letter-grade", "Mid-grade-point"] | 10.1016/s0165-0114(97)00208-x | Article | English | [{"id": "60027709", "name": "Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Natl. Taiwan Univ. of Sci./Technol., Taipei, Taiwan", "fullName": "Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Natl. Taiwan Univ. of Sci./Technol.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Taipei, Taiwan", "departmentId": "117104577"}, {"id": "60012370", "name": "Dept. of Comp./Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan", "fullName": "Dept. of Comp./Information Science, National Chiao Tung University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Hsinchu, Taiwan", "departmentId": "112889518"}] |
1,628 | 91,082 | Conformally flat 3-manifolds with constant scalar curvature | Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan | We classify complete conformally flat three dimensional Riemannian manifolds with constant scalar curvature and constant squared norm of Ricci curvature tensor by applying the Generalized Maximum Principle due to H. Omori. | ["Cheng Q.-M.", "Ishikawa S.", "Shiohama K."] | ["7202918035", "36780683400", "6506111762"] | 1,999 | 6 | ["Conformally flat manifold", "Constant scalar curvature and Ricci curvature tensor", "Space form"] | null | Article | English | [] |
1,629 | 91,178 | A probabilistic proof of Thurston's conjecture on circle packings | Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico e Fisico di Milano | In 1985 William Thurston conjectured that one could use circle packings to approximate conformal mappings. This was confirmed by Burt Rodin and Dennis Sullivan with a proof which relied on the hexagonal nature of the packings involved. This paper provides a probabilistic proof which accomodates more general combinatorics by analysing the dynamics of invididual circle packings. One can use reversible Markov processes to model the movement of curvature and hyperbolic area among the circles of a packing as it undergoes adjustement, much as one can use them to model the movement of current in an electrical circuit. Each circle packing has a Markov process intimately coupled to its geometry; the crucial local rigidity of the packing then appears as a a Harnack inequality for discrete harmonic functions of the process. © 1998 Birkhäuser-Verlag. | ["Stephenson K."] | ["8508043500"] | 1,996 | 19 | [] | 10.1007/BF02925361 | Article | English | [{"id": "112891548", "name": "University of Tennessee, Knoxvilie", "fullName": "University of Tennessee", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Knoxvilie", "departmentId": null}] |
1,630 | 91,194 | Statistical approach to the geometric structure of thermodynamics | Physical Review A | We show how both the contact structure and the metric structure of the thermodynamic phase space arise in a natural way from a generalized canonical probability distribution. In particular, the metric form and the contact form are found to be derived from the microscopic entropy s=-ln. Thus the first law and the second law of thermodynamics can be given the geometric interpretation that a thermodynamic system must possess both a contact and a compatible metric structure. We proceed to construct explicitly a new nondegenerate bilinear form on the thermodynamic phase space, whose restriction to state space yields the Weinhold-Ruppeiner metric, and whose restriction to Gibbs space can serve as an alternative to the metric proposed by Gilmore. © 1990 The American Physical Society. | ["Mrugala R.", "Nulton J.D.", "Schön J.C.", "Salamon P."] | ["6507264420", "6603280435", "7103191621", "57202594971"] | 1,990 | 75 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevA.41.3156 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018926", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, San Diego State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "San Diego, CA 92182, United States", "departmentId": "105160977"}, {"id": "60098600", "name": "Department of Mathematics, San Diego City College, San Diego, CA 92101, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, San Diego City College", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "San Diego, CA 92101, United States", "departmentId": "106894039"}] |
1,631 | 91,229 | Now comes the time to defuzzify neuro-fuzzy models | Fuzzy Sets and Systems | Fuzzy models present a singular Janus-face: On the one hand, they are knowledge-based software environments constructed from a collection of linguistic IF-THEN rules, and on the other hand, they realize nonlinear mappings which have interesting mathematical properties like "low-order interpolation" and "universal function approximation". Neuro-fuzzy basically provides fuzzy models with the capacity, based on the available data, to compensate for the missing human knowledge by an automatic self-tuning of the structure and the parameters. A first consequence of this hybridization between the architectural and representational aspect of fuzzy models and the learning mechanisms of neural networks has been to progressively increase and fuzzify the contrast between the two Janus faces: readability or performance. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. | ["Bersini H.", "Bontempi G."] | ["7004005515", "6603615974"] | 1,997 | 33 | ["Fuzzy control", "Multi-expert networks", "Neuro-fuzzy", "Readability"] | 10.1016/S0165-0114(97)00082-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000145", "name": "IRIDIA-CP 194/6, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, 50, av. Franklin Roosevelt, Belgium", "fullName": "IRIDIA-CP 194/6, Université Libre de Bruxelles", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1050 Bruxelles, 50, av. Franklin Roosevelt, Belgium", "departmentId": "103043980"}] |
1,632 | 91,529 | Phosphoenolpyruvate transport in the anion transport system of human erythrocyte membranes | Trends in Biochemical Sciences | Phosphoenolpyruvate, supplied exogenously, is accumulated in human erythrocytes and metabolized by glycolytic enzymes. This unique phenomenon is possible because the inorganic anion transport system is capable of transferring this metabolite across the erythrocyte membrane. Phosphoenolpyruvate is the only glycolytic intermediate transported by this system. © 1987. | ["Hamasaki N.", "Kawano Y."] | ["57198359984", "7201459837"] | 1,987 | 9 | [] | 10.1016/0968-0004(87)90089-2 | Review | English | [{"id": "60010241", "name": "N. Hamasaki and Y. Kawano are, the Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka University School of Medicine Fukuoka, 814-01, Japan", "fullName": "N. Hamasaki and Y. Kawano are, the Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka University School of Medicine Fukuoka", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "814-01, Japan", "departmentId": "100299693"}] |
1,633 | 91,541 | Thin discrete triangular meshes | Theoretical Computer Science | In this paper we present an approach to describe polyhedra by meshes of discrete triangles. The study is based on the theory of arithmetic discrete geometry (J.-P. Reveillès, Géométrie discrète, calcul en nombres entiers et algorithmique, Thèse d'état, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, December 1991). As distinct from the previous investigations on this topic, the triangles we introduce are parts of the thinnest possible discrete 6-tunnel-free planes, i.e., those that are usually used in practice. Given a plane ℘ in the space, we define a 6-tunnel-free discrete plane, called a regular plane, which appears to be the best approximation to ℘. Given a mesh of triangles, we propose a method to approximate any triangle by a discrete triangular patch - a portion of a regular plane, and we prove that the resulting triangular mesh is 6-tunnel-free. The properties of the approximation obtained make the suggested approach convenient for practical applications. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. | ["Barneva R.P.", "Brimkov V.E.", "Nehlig P."] | ["6508123841", "6602136849", "6603696484"] | 2,000 | 20 | ["Discrete geometry", "Discrete triangle", "Mesh of triangles"] | 10.1016/S0304-3975(98)00346-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60071323", "name": "Eastern Mediterranean University, Department of Mathematics, Famagusta, Turkey", "fullName": "Eastern Mediterranean University, Department of Mathematics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Famagusta, Turkey", "departmentId": "105447819"}, {"id": "60208831", "name": "Université Louis Pasteur, L.S.I.I.T, F-67084 Strasbourg, 7 rue René Descartes, France", "fullName": "Université Louis Pasteur, L.S.I.I.T", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "F-67084 Strasbourg, 7 rue René Descartes, France", "departmentId": "126067238"}] |
1,634 | 91,573 | Wiener numbers of benzenoid hydrocarbons: two theorems | Chemical Physics Letters | Two exact results on the Wiener numbers of catacondensed benzenoid hydrocarbons are obtained. All catacondensed isomers have Wiener numbers congruent modulo 8. Among unbranched catacondensed systems, helicenes have the minimum and linear polyacenes the maximum Wiener number. © 1987. | ["Gutman I."] | ["7102696936"] | 1,987 | 54 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2614(87)80430-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60068809", "name": "Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Trg Avnoja 1", "fullName": "Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "34000 Kragujevac, Trg Avnoja 1", "departmentId": "105274249"}] |
1,635 | 91,585 | Regularity Results for Anisotropic Image Segmentation Models | Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa - Classe di Scienze | null | ["Fonseca I.", "Fusco N."] | ["55709033700", "6603806848"] | 1,997 | 0 | [] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60027950", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, United States", "departmentId": "112807585"}, {"id": "60021859", "name": "Dipartimento di Matematica \"U. Dini\", Università di Firenze, Viale Morgagni, 67/A, Firenze, 50134, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Matematica \"U. Dini\", Università di Firenze", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Viale Morgagni, 67/A, Firenze, 50134, Italy", "departmentId": "104116636"}] |
1,636 | 91,588 | NC-approximation schemes for NP- and PSPACE-hard problems for geometric graphs | Journal of Algorithms | We present NC-approximation schemes for a number of graph problems when restricted to geometric graphs including unit disk graphs and graphs drawn in a civilized manner. Our approximation schemes exhibit the same time versus performance trade-off as the best known approximation schemes for planar graphs We also define the concept of λ-precision unit disk graphs and show that for such graphs the approximation schemes have a better time versus performance trade-off than the approximation schemes for arbitrary unit disk graphs Moreover, compared to unit disk graphs, we show that for λ-precision unit disk graphs many more graph problems have efficient approximation schemes Our NC-approximation schemes can also be extended to obtain efficient NC-approximation schemes for several PSPACE-hard problems on unit disk graphs specified using a restricted version of the hierarchical specification language of Bentley, Ottmann, and Widmayer. The approximation schemes for hierarchically specified unit disk graphs presented in this paper are among the first approximation schemes in the literature for natural PSPACE-hard optimization problems © 1998 Academic Press. | ["Hunt III H.B.", "Marathe M.V.", "Radhakrishnan V.", "Ravi S.S.", "Rosenkrantz D.J.", "Stearns R.E."] | ["7102789290", "7005103606", "7202000411", "7005265891", "7004229410", "7006322071"] | 1,998 | 218 | ["Approximation schemes", "Geometric graphs", "Graphs drawn in a civilized manner", "Hierarchical specifications", "Parallel algorithms", "Unit disk graphs", "VLSI design"] | 10.1006/jagm.1997.0903 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011666", "name": "Department of Computer Science, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, State University of New York", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Albany, NY 12222, United States", "departmentId": "100251940"}, {"id": "60006164", "name": "Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B265, Los Alamos, NM 87544, P.O. Box 1663, United States", "fullName": "Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B265", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Los Alamos, NM 87544, P.O. Box 1663, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60020536", "name": "Hewlett-Packard Company, Cupertino, CA 94014, 19447 Pruneridge Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Hewlett-Packard Company", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Cupertino, CA 94014, 19447 Pruneridge Avenue, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,637 | 91,774 | Influence of multiple mating on kin recognition by worker honeybees | Naturwissenschaften | null | ["Hogendoorn K.", "Velthuis H.H.W."] | ["6602158196", "6701644782"] | 1,988 | 16 | [] | 10.1007/BF00377820 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007989", "name": "Lab. Comparative Physiology, Univ. Utrecht, LA Utrecht, NL-3572, Netherlands", "fullName": "Lab. Comparative Physiology, Univ. Utrecht", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "LA Utrecht, NL-3572, Netherlands", "departmentId": "103441175"}] |
1,638 | 91,901 | On self-affine functions | Japan Journal of Applied Mathematics | We define a self-affine function whose typical example is the component function of the famous Peano curve (P<sub>1</sub>(t), P<sub>2</sub>(t)), 0≤t≤1. We obtain the Hausdorff and packing dimension of the graph of a self-affine function under some conditions. We also prove that the function P<sub>1</sub>(t-P<sub>2</sub>(t) has a continuous occupation density with respect to time and space which will be the first example of a continuous deterministic function whose occupation density is continuous with respect to time and space. © 1986 JJAM Publishing Committee. | ["Kôno N."] | ["16412977900"] | 1,986 | 42 | ["Hausdorff dimension", "occupation density", "self-affine function"] | 10.1007/BF03167101 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011001", "name": "Institute of Mathematics, Yoshida College, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606, Japan", "fullName": "Institute of Mathematics, Yoshida College, Kyoto University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Kyoto, 606, Japan", "departmentId": "103592675"}] |
1,639 | 91,904 | Much ado about siblings: change models, sibship size, and intellectual development comment on guo & vanwey | American Sociological Review | null | ["Downey D.B.", "Powell B.", "Steelman L.C.", "Pribesh S."] | ["35957993600", "7202173513", "7003565358", "7801639358"] | 1,999 | 33 | [] | 10.2307/2657526 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003500", "name": "Ohio State University, United States", "fullName": "Ohio State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021121", "name": "Indiana University, United States", "fullName": "Indiana University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60018179", "name": "University of South Carolina, United States", "fullName": "University of South Carolina", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021121", "name": "Ohio State University, Indiana University, United States", "fullName": "Ohio State University, Indiana University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60003500", "name": "Department of Sociology, 300 Bricker Hall, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States", "fullName": "Department of Sociology, 300 Bricker Hall, Ohio State University", "reference": "e", "fullAddress": "Columbus, OH 43210, United States", "departmentId": "113749974"}, {"id": "60003500", "name": "Ohio State University, Department of Sociology, United States", "fullName": "Ohio State University, Department of Sociology", "reference": "f", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": "113749974"}, {"id": "60021121", "name": "Sociology at Indiana University, United States", "fullName": "Sociology at Indiana University", "reference": "g", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,640 | 91,972 | Difficulties with topological resonance energy | Chemical Physics Letters | Some difficulties with topological resonance energy (TRE) are indicated. A strict application of the TRE concept pre-diets cyclobutasdiene to be significantly more aromatic than benzene. The reasons for such an obscure result are analysed. Some algebraic properties of a new graphic polynomial are derived. © 1979. | ["Gutman I."] | ["7102696936"] | 1,979 | 14 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2614(79)80348-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60068809", "name": "Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac", "fullName": "Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "34000 Kragujevac", "departmentId": "105274249"}] |
1,641 | 92,028 | The two-state random walk | Journal of Statistical Physics | We develop asymptotic results for the two-state random walk, which can be regarded as a generalization of the continuous-time random walk. The two-state random walk is one in which a particle can be in one of two states for random periods of time, each of the states having different spatial transition probabilities. When the sojourn times in each of the states and the second moments of transition probabilities are finite, the state probabilities have an asymptotic Gaussian form. Several known asymptotic results are reproduced, such as the Gaussian form for the probability density of position in continuous-time random walks, the time spent in one of these states, and the diffusion constant of a two-state diffusing particle. © 1976 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Weiss G.H."] | ["35480779600"] | 1,976 | 44 | ["asymptotic distributions", "Markov processes", "Markov renewal processes", "Random walks"] | 10.1007/BF01012035 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006577", "name": "National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States", "fullName": "National Institutes of Health", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bethesda, Maryland, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,642 | 92,033 | Boundary Solutions of the Classical Yang-Baxter Equation | Letters in Mathematical Physics | We define a new class of unitary solutions to the classical Yang-Baxter equation (CYBE). These 'boundary solutions' are those which lie in the closure of the space of unitary solutions of the modified classical Yang-Baxter equation (MCYBE). Using the Belavin-Drinfel'd classification of the solutions to the MCYBE, we are able to exhibit new families of solutions to the CYBE. In particular, using the Cremmer-Gervais solution to the MCYBE, we explicitly construct for all n ≥ 3 a boundary solution based on the maximal parabolic subalgebra of sl(n) obtained by deleting the first negative root. We give some evidence for a generalization of this result pertaining to other maximal parabolic subalgebras whose omitted root is relatively prime to n. We also give examples of nonboundary solutions for the classical simple Lie algebras. | ["Gerstenhaber M.", "Giaquinto A."] | ["6602132156", "55921636000"] | 1,997 | 42 | ["Classical Yang-Baxter equation", "Maximal parabolic subalgebra", "Quasi-Frobenius Lie algebra"] | 10.1023/A:1007363911649 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006297", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6395, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Philadelphia, PA 19104-6395, United States", "departmentId": "112674052"}, {"id": "60001526", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, PO Drawer MA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Mississippi State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Mississippi State, MS 39762, PO Drawer MA, United States", "departmentId": "124503276"}] |
1,643 | 92,039 | A nonstandard representation of Feynman's path integrals | Journal of Mathematical Physics | A nonstandard path space is constructed that gives the mathematically rigorous formulation for the path integral representation of the fundamental solution to the Cauchy problem for the Dirac equation in (1 + 1)-dimensional space-time. Nonstandard analysis makes the mathematical concepts elementary, consequently, the procedures to prove theorems are considerably simplified. A difference scheme with infinitesimal spacing is available in determining the probability distribution over the path-space and this method is also available for the heat equation and for the free Schrödinger equation. © 1991 American Institute of Physics. | ["Nakamura T."] | ["23016069500"] | 1,991 | 13 | [] | 10.1063/1.529433 | Article | English | [{"id": "100740681", "name": "Sundai Preparatory School, Tokyo, Japan", "fullName": "Sundai Preparatory School", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tokyo, Japan", "departmentId": null}] |
1,644 | 92,115 | A study of certain modular representations | Journal of Algebra | null | ["Glover D.J."] | ["24546283400"] | 1,978 | 41 | [] | 10.1016/0021-8693(78)90116-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008950", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Australian National University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Canberra, Australia", "departmentId": "103493982"}] |
1,645 | 92,140 | Reconfigurable Optical Packet Header Recognition and Routing Using Time-To-Wavelength Mapping and Tunable Fiber Bragg Gratings for Correlation Decoding | IEEE Photonics Technology Letters | We achieve reconfigurable optical header recognition and penalty-free routing of a 2.5 Gb/s packet stream with a 1.6-ns guard time. Our method uses cross-gain compression in a semiconductor optical amplifier for time-to-wavelength mapping, and two fiber Bragg grating arrays for tunable correlation decoding. This technique may be of value in future high-speed optical packet-switching nodes. | ["Cardakli M.C.", "Lee S.", "Willner A.E.", "Grubsky V.", "Starodubov D.", "Feinberg J."] | ["6603388621", "57191297183", "36050889800", "7004598227", "22986729900", "7102605422"] | 2,000 | 75 | ["Fiber Bragg gratings", "Header recognition", "Optical fiber communications", "Packet switching", "Wavelength shifting"] | 10.1109/68.841283 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029311", "name": "Dept. of Elec. Engineering Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2565, United States", "fullName": "Dept. of Elec. Engineering Systems, University of Southern California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90089-2565, United States", "departmentId": "112079050"}, {"id": "60029311", "name": "Department of Physics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0484, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, University of Southern California", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90089-0484, United States", "departmentId": "111517124"}, {"id": "100358670", "name": "D-STAR Technologies, Inc., Manhattan Beach, CA 90266, United States", "fullName": "D-STAR Technologies, Inc.", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Manhattan Beach, CA 90266, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,646 | 92,258 | The integrable SU(N) Heisenberg model at finite temperature | Physics Letters A | We derive an exact integral representation for the free energy of the integrable SU(N) Heisenberg model with arbitrary color. © 1986. | ["Johannesson H."] | ["7005199114"] | 1,986 | 24 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(86)90300-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60119141", "name": "Serin Physics Laboratory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States", "fullName": "Serin Physics Laboratory, Rutgers University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States", "departmentId": "123250549"}, {"id": "60030612", "name": "Institute for Pure and Applied Physical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA1 1 Present address.", "fullName": null, "reference": "b", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": "104548148"}] |
1,647 | 92,365 | Anomalous low field magnetization in fine filament NbTi conductors | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics | The first cable conductors for SSC were made with NbTi filaments whose diameters were in the 18-2 micron range. In an effort to reduce the magnetization effects in accelerator dipoles resulting from these large filaments, second generation conductors are now being manufactured with much smaller filaments. As part of this development a series of NbTi conductors were made with filament diameters ranging from 8.0 to 2.8 μm and having an average interfilament spacing of approximately 12% of filament diameter. Measurements at 4.3 K show that as the filament spacing decreases below a certain critical value the low field magnetization increases rapidly. This increase is seen to be strong function of interfilament distance, magnetic field and temperature. Details of these measurements and its implication for practical high current SSC wire design are discussed. © 1987 IEEE. | ["Ghosh A.K.", "Sampson W.B.", "Gregory E.", "Kreilick T.S."] | ["34975061200", "7102201247", "7103125509", "6602544511"] | 1,987 | 15 | [] | 10.1109/TMAG.1987.1064987 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006221", "name": "Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, United States", "fullName": "Brookhaven National Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Upton, New York, 11973, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "101314327", "name": "Supercon, Inc., Shrewsbury, MA, United States", "fullName": "Supercon, Inc.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Shrewsbury, MA, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,648 | 92,377 | Error bounds for exponential operator splittings | BIT Numerical Mathematics | Error bounds for the Strang splitting in the presence of unbounded operators are derived in a general setting and are applied to evolutionary Schrödinger equations and their pseudo-spectral space discretization. © 2000 Swets and Zeitlinger. | ["Jahnke T.", "Lubich C."] | ["7003493674", "7003864444"] | 2,000 | 147 | ["Error bounds", "Schrödinger equation", "Strang splitting", "Trotter product"] | 10.1023/A:1022396519656 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017246", "name": "Mathematisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Germany", "fullName": "Mathematisches Institut, Universität Tübingen", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-72076 Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,649 | 92,438 | A deflation technique for linear systems of equations | SIAM Journal of Scientific Computing | Iterative methods for solving linear systems of equations can be very efficient if the structure of the coefficient matrix can be exploited to accelerate the convergence of the iterative process. However, for classes of problems for which suitable preconditioners cannot be found or for which the iteration scheme does not converge, iterative techniques may be inappropriate. This paper proposes a technique for deflating the eigenvalues and associated eigenvectors of the iteration matrix which either slow down convergence or cause divergence. This process is completely general and works by approximating the eigenspace P corresponding to the unstable or slowly converging modes and then applying a coupled iteration scheme on P and its orthogonal complement ℚ. | ["Burrage K.", "Erhel J.", "Pohl B.", "Williams A."] | ["7006145077", "6701445133", "7005406734", "25935609100"] | 1,998 | 11 | ["Deflation", "Iterative techniques", "Linear systems", "Preconditioning"] | 10.1137/S1064827595294721 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031004", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Queensland", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia", "departmentId": "104572696"}, {"id": "60013373", "name": "INRIA, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France", "fullName": "INRIA, Campus de Beaulieu", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "35042 Rennes, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025858", "name": "Sem. für Angewandte Mathematik, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland", "fullName": "Sem. für Angewandte Mathematik, ETH Zurich", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "8092 Zürich, Switzerland", "departmentId": "104313720"}] |
1,650 | 92,441 | On the nonlinearity of pattern classifiers | Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition | This paper presents a novel approach to the analysis of the overtraining phenomenon in pattern classifiers. A nonlinearity measure is introduced which relates the shape of the classification function to the generalization capability of a classifier. Experiments using the k-nearest neighbour rule, a neural classifier and the quadratic classifier show that the introduced measure can be used to study the overtraining behaviour of a classifier. Moreover shows to be a predictor for the local sensitivity of a classifier. Classifiers that have a small local sensitivity are shown to have a low nonlinearity whereas an increased nonlinearity indicates an increase in local sensitivity. © 1996 IEEE. | ["Hoekstra A.", "Duin R.P.W."] | ["7007050309", "7005182525"] | 1,996 | 48 | [] | 10.1109/ICPR.1996.547429 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60006288", "name": "Pattern Recognition Group, Faculty of Applied Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628CJ Delft, Lorentzweg 1, Netherlands", "fullName": "Pattern Recognition Group, Faculty of Applied Physics, Delft University of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "2628CJ Delft, Lorentzweg 1, Netherlands", "departmentId": "103356286"}] |
1,651 | 92,566 | Voluntary control of smooth pursuit velocity | Vision Research | Recently, Puckett and Steinman (1969) reported that the frequency of saccades during tracking was under voluntary control. Their subjects adopted highly saccadic or almost saccade-free modes of tracking and changed from one to the other behaviour when asked to do so. This note shows that these subjects can also exercise voluntary control over the velocity of their smooth pursuits. © 1969. | ["Steinman R.M.", "Skavenski A.A.", "Sansbury R.V."] | ["57196910094", "6602820724", "6508307909"] | 1,969 | 35 | [] | 10.1016/0042-6989(69)90054-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60020304", "name": "Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States", "fullName": "Department of Psychology, University of Maryland", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "College Park, MD 20742, United States", "departmentId": "112892794"}] |
1,652 | 92,583 | Extended Brownian dynamics. II. Reactive, nonlinear diffusion | The Journal of Chemical Physics | An improved version of the "extended Brownian dynamics" algorithm recently proposed by the authors [J. Chem. Phys. 75, 365 (1981)] is given. This Monte Carlo procedure for solving the one-dimensional Smoluchowski diffusion equation is statistically exact near a boundary for a constant force and approximately correct for a linear force. The improved algorithm is both more accurate and simpler than the earlier version. In addition, the algorithm is extended to include diffusion near a reactive boundary or in a reactive optical potential. The treatment of diffusion for nonlinear forces is conveniently handled by choosing the time for a single diffusive jump locally. The algorithm converges as this jump time approaches zero. The appropriate modifications necessary to treat diffusion between two (possibly reactive) boundaries or diffusion with a spatially varying diffusion coefficient are also given. Finally, it is shown how multidimensional diffusion in a spherically symmetric force field may be treated by the one-dimensional algorithm described here. As in the earlier paper, numerical results are presented and compared with analytical and numerical descriptions of the diffusion process to demonstrate the validity of the algorithm. © 1983 American Institute of Physics. | ["Lamm G.", "Schulten K."] | ["7004722633", "7102415947"] | 1,983 | 68 | [] | 10.1063/1.445002 | Article | English | [] |
1,653 | 92,604 | Routine design with information content and fuzzy quality function deployment | Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing | Design can be classified into four basic categories: creative design, innovative design, redesign, and routine design. This paper describes a method for performing routine design by utilizing information content and fuzzy quality function deployment. An attempt has been made to associate with each critical characteristic of a product a value representing the information content, which is a measure of probability that a system can produce the parts as specified by the designer, using a specific manufacturing technology for making the parts. Once the information content of each design alternative is computed, the system will select an alternative with the minimum amount of information content. The proposed method provides us with a means for solving the critical design evaluation and validation problem. © 1994 Chapman & Hall. | ["Bahrami A."] | ["56234005200"] | 1,994 | 18 | ["critical characteristics", "fuzzy quality function deployment", "information content", "linguistic variables", "routine design"] | 10.1007/BF00123693 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007475", "name": "Computer Information Systems, Department of Economics and Management, Rhode Island College, Providence, 02908, RI, United States", "fullName": "Computer Information Systems, Department of Economics and Management, Rhode Island College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Providence, 02908, RI, United States", "departmentId": "103411856"}] |
1,654 | 92,649 | Physical model for static and dynamic scaling in spin glasses | Journal of Applied Physics | We extend earlier critical fractal cluster models of a spin glass phase transition. At the transition temperature in finite field, a negative excluded-volume term dominates a positive saturated-cluster term, giving the negative H<sup>2/δ</sup> nonlinear susceptibility observed experimentally. The two competing effects in general have different relaxation times and therefore novel implications for dynamic scaling. | ["Malozemoff A.P.", "Barbara B."] | ["7006416219", "7005111179"] | 1,985 | 44 | [] | 10.1063/1.335057 | Article | English | [{"id": "60017366", "name": "IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States", "fullName": "IBM T. J. Watson Research Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60108266", "name": "CNRS Lab. Louis Néel, 166X-38042-Grenoble, France", "fullName": "CNRS Lab. Louis Néel", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "166X-38042-Grenoble, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,655 | 92,673 | Variational iteration method - A kind of non-linear analytical technique: Some examples | International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics | In this paper, a new kind of analytical technique for a non-linear problem called the variational iteration method is described and used to give approximate solutions for some well-known non-linear problems. In this method, the problems are initially approximated with possible unknowns. Then a correction functional is constructed by a general Lagrange multiplier, which can be identified optimally via the variational theory. Being different from the other non-linear analytical methods, such as perturbation methods, this method does not depend on small parameters, such that it can find wide application in non-linear problems without linearization or small perturbations. Comparison with Adomian's decomposition method reveals that the approximate solutions obtained by the proposed method converge to its exact solution faster than those of Adomian's method. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. | ["He J.-H."] | ["55817862100"] | 1,999 | 1,795 | ["Duffing equation", "Non-linear equations", "Variational iteration method"] | 10.1016/s0020-7462(98)00048-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023813", "name": "Inst. of Appl. Math. and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China", "fullName": "Inst. of Appl. Math. and Mechanics, Shanghai University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Shanghai 200072, China", "departmentId": "104204031"}] |
1,656 | 92,680 | First order versus second order risk aversion | Journal of Economic Theory | This paper defines a new concept of attitude towards risk. For an actuarially fair random variable ε{lunate}, π(t) is the risk premium the decisionmaker is willing to pay to avoid tε{lunate}. In expected utility, and as it turns out, in the case of smooth Freéchet differentiability of the representation functional, π′(0) = 0. There are models (e.g., rank dependent probabilities) in which ∂π ∂t|<sub>t=0</sub> ≠ 0. We call the latter attitude as being of order 1, and we call the first one attitude of order 2. These concepts are then applied to analyze the problem of full insurance. © 1990. | ["Segal U.", "Spivak A."] | ["6701885894", "7006636225"] | 1,990 | 175 | [] | 10.1016/0022-0531(90)90053-M | Article | English | [{"id": "60016849", "name": "Department of Economics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 1A1, 150 St. George St, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of Toronto", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Toronto, Ont. M5S 1A1, 150 St. George St, Canada", "departmentId": "103867837"}, {"id": "60027161", "name": "Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel", "fullName": "Ben Gurion University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Beer Sheva, Israel", "departmentId": null}] |
1,657 | 92,703 | Optimal simulations between unary automata | Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) | We consider the problem of computing the costs - in terms of states - of optimal simulations between different kinds of finite automata recognizing unary languages. Our main result is a tight simulation of unary n-state two-way nondeterministic automata by O(e<sup>√n ln n</sup>)-state one-way deterministic automata. In addition, we show that, given a unary n-state two-way nondeterministic automaton, one can construct an equivalent O(n <sup>2</sup>)-state two-way nondeterministic automaton performing both input head reversals and nondeterministic choices at the endmarkers only. Further results on simulating unary alternating finite automata are pointed out. Our results give answers to some questions left open in the literature. © 1998 Springer-Verlag. | ["Mereghetti C.", "Pighizzini G."] | ["55892425700", "6603033761"] | 1,998 | 5 | [] | 10.1007/BFb0028556 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60030318", "name": "Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20135 Milano, via Comelico 39, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Milano", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "20135 Milano, via Comelico 39, Italy", "departmentId": "104532326"}] |
1,658 | 92,775 | Generalized Gaussian moment thermostatting: A new continuous dynamical approach to the canonical ensemble | Journal of Chemical Physics | A new method for generating the canonical ensemble via continuous dynamics is presented. The new method is based on controlling the fluctuations of an arbitrary number of moments of the multidimensional Gaussian momentum distribution function. The equations of motion are non-Hamiltonian, and hence have a nonvanishing phase space compressibility. By applying the statistical mechanical theory of non-Hamiltonian systems recently introduced by the authors [M. E. Tuckerman, C. J. Mundy, and G. J. Martyna, Europhys. Lett. 45, 149 (1999)], the equations are shown to produce the correct canonical phase space distribution function. Reversible integrators for the new equations of motion are derived based on a Trotter-type factorization of the classical Liouville propagator. The new method is applied to a variety of simple one-dimensional example problems and is shown to generate ergodic trajectories and correct canonical distribution functions of both position and momentum. The new method is further shown to lead to rapid convergence in molecular dynamics based calculations of path integrals. The performance of the new method in these examples is compared to that of another canonical dynamics method, the Nosé-Hoover chain method [G. J. Martyna, M. L. Klein, and M. E. Tuckerman, J. Chem. Phys. 97, 2635 (1992)]. The comparison demonstrates the improvements afforded by the new method as a molecular dynamics tool. Finally, when employed in molecular dynamics simulations of biological macromolecules, the new method is shown to provide better energy equipartitioning and temperature control and to lead to improved spatial sampling over the Nosé-Hoover chain method in a realistic application. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. | ["Liu Y.", "Tuckerman M.E."] | ["57192560325", "7003333542"] | 2,000 | 104 | [] | 10.1063/1.480769 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021784", "name": "Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, New York University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New York, NY 10003, United States", "departmentId": "113455399"}, {"id": "60021784", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Courant Inst. of Math. Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Courant Inst. of Math. Sciences, New York University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "New York, NY 10003, United States", "departmentId": "112978413"}] |
1,659 | 92,806 | Ample vector bundles of curve genus one | Canadian Mathematical Bulletin | We investigate the pairs (Χ, ε) consisting of a smooth complex protective variety Χ of dimension n and an ample vector bundle ε of rank n - 1 on Χ such that ε has a section whose zero locus is a smooth elliptic curve. | ["Lanteri A.", "Maeda H."] | ["7003812026", "7404021438"] | 1,999 | 7 | [] | 10.4153/CMB-1999-025-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030318", "name": "Dipto. di Matematica F. Enriques, Università, I-20133 Milano, Via C. Saldini, 50, Italy", "fullName": "Dipto. di Matematica F. Enriques, Università", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "I-20133 Milano, Via C. Saldini, 50, Italy", "departmentId": "104532393"}, {"id": "60023462", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Tokyo 169-8555, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Japan", "departmentId": "105296280"}] |
1,660 | 92,810 | A method to identify candidates for knowledge acquisition | Journal of Management Information Systems | The purpose of this work is to introduce a systematic method for identifying expertise (knowledge identification). The technique, borrowed from the social sciences and known as network analysis, may be used to identify human experts as well as documented sources of knowledge within organizational settings. Network analysis is simple to administer, cost-effective, and complements interview methods. Following a discussion of the theory underlying the technique, its application in a field setting is demonstrated. The results are checked against what would be expected due to chance, and cross-validated through interviews. To ensure the efficacy of the method, knowledge identification at a second site is briefly described. The work closes with some ideas for future management information systems research using network analysis. © 1992. M.E. Sharpe, Inc. | ["Stein E.W."] | ["7202194812"] | 1,992 | 18 | ["Expert systems", "Knowledge acquisition", "Knowledge engineering", "Knowledge identification", "Network analysis"] | 10.1080/07421222.1992.11517963 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001439", "name": "MIS, Pennsylvania State University", "fullName": "MIS, Pennsylvania State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
1,661 | 92,858 | A low-tech method for conducting real-time recording | Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis | null | ["Miltenberger R.G.", "Rapp J.T.", "Long E.S."] | ["7005636158", "7101695207", "7202594873"] | 1,999 | 32 | [] | 10.1901/jaba.1999.32-119 | Article | English | [{"id": "60001769", "name": "University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States", "fullName": "University of Nevada", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Reno, NV, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60032270", "name": "Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, United States", "fullName": "Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Fargo, ND 58105, United States", "departmentId": "107923437"}] |
1,662 | 92,934 | Likelihood ratio tests in contamination models | Bernoulli | We study the asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio statistic to test whether the contamination of a known density fo by another density of the same parametric family reduces to /o. The classical asymptotic theory for the likelihood ratio statistic fails, and we propose a general reparametrization which ensures regularity properties. Under the null hypothesis, the likelihood ratio statistic converges to the supremum of a squared truncated Gaussian process. The result is extended to the case of the contamination of a mixture of p known densities by q other densities of the same family. © 1999 ISI/BS . | ["Lemdani M.", "Pons O."] | ["6603255425", "7003715305"] | 1,999 | 36 | ["Asymptotic distribution", "Contamination", "Homogeneity", "Likelihood ratio", "Mixture distribution"] | 10.2307/3318698 | Article | English | [{"id": "60104665", "name": "Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille, 59006 Lille, 3 rite du Professeur Laguesse, France", "fullName": "Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "59006 Lille, 3 rite du Professeur Laguesse, France", "departmentId": null}] |
1,663 | 93,025 | Ex post vs. ex ante pricing: Optional calling plans and tapered tariffs | Journal of Regulatory Economics | We study optimal nonuniform pricing in a setting where a customer's demand at the start of a billing period contains a random variable whose realization becomes known by the end of the billing period. In this context, an optional calling plan is a tariff which the consumer must select based on his/her expectations about the random variable, whereas, under a tapered tariff, the consumer's choice of usage charge is made after he/she knows the realization of the random variable. We show that for low to moderate levels of uncertainty about the random variable entering the demand function, the optional calling plan approach to nonuniform pricing yields higher expected profit than does the tapered tariff approach, given risk-neutral consumers. We illustrate this finding with a case study and argue that it is consistent with the historical evolution of tariffs in the interexchange telecommunications market. © 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers. | ["Clay K.B.", "Sibley D.S.", "Srinagesh P."] | ["57203044047", "7102143595", "6602261472"] | 1,992 | 18 | [] | 10.1007/BF00157160 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012708", "name": "Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, Stanford University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stanford, 94305, CA, United States", "departmentId": "103672798"}, {"id": "60013372", "name": "Department of Economics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, TX, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of Texas at Austin", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Austin, 78712, TX, United States", "departmentId": "103697534"}, {"id": "60023456", "name": "Bell Communications Research, Livingston, 07039, NJ, LCC 3B234, 290 West Mount Pleasant Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Bell Communications Research", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Livingston, 07039, NJ, LCC 3B234, 290 West Mount Pleasant Avenue, United States", "departmentId": "106858958"}] |
1,664 | 93,063 | Anomalous transport: A one-dimensional stochastic model | Chemical Physics | In this paper we study one-dimensional Lévy walks and present the numerical evaluation of P(r, t) the probability of being at position r at time t, for which we also provide approximate asymptotic forms. The problem is formulated in terms of continuous-time random walks (CTRW) with kernels that couple space and time. We compare previous results on the mean squared displacement 〈r<sup>2</sup>(t)〉 with those obtained using our new P(r, t) expressions. © 1990. | ["Zumofen G.", "Klafter J.", "Blumen A."] | ["7004338680", "7004456600", "7006842637"] | 1,990 | 28 | [] | 10.1016/0301-0104(90)80062-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025858", "name": "Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zentrum, CH8092 Zurich, Switzerland", "fullName": "Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zentrum", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "CH8092 Zurich, Switzerland", "departmentId": "105877762"}, {"id": "60005681", "name": "School of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel", "fullName": "School of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel", "departmentId": "105320612"}, {"id": "60115594", "name": "Physics Institute, BIMF, University of Bayreuth, D-8580 Bayreuth, Germany", "fullName": "Physics Institute, BIMF, University of Bayreuth", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "D-8580 Bayreuth, Germany", "departmentId": "122207183"}] |
1,665 | 93,092 | R-parity breaking in supersymmetric theories | Nuclear Physics, Section B | We examine the consequences of R-parity breaking in low-energy supersymmetric models. This breaking can occur through explicit soft terms in the lagrangian or through vacuum expectation values of scalar neutrinos. We discuss the new phenomenology expected in this class of models and compare it with the predictions of the R-conserving supersymmetric theories. © 1985. | ["Dawson S."] | ["7202902161"] | 1,985 | 298 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(85)90577-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007174", "name": "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "fullName": "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,666 | 93,116 | Non-linear dynamical system theory and primary visual cortical processing | Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena | The vertebrate brain consists of a large number of neurons, each with highly complex non-linear dynamics. These neurons communicate with each other with a complex nexus of connecting nerve axons. The current work examines the dynamical properties of neurons located in cat primary visual cortex from the perspective of non-linear dynamical theory. The temporal patterns of activation of such neurons achieved with periodic stimuli suggest that the dynamics are relatively simple and may be modeled using a small set of coupled non-linear equations. Predictions are made based as to the patterns of activation to be found in populations of neurons. © 1990. | ["Siegel R.M."] | ["7401836141"] | 1,990 | 48 | [] | 10.1016/0167-2789(90)90090-C | Article | English | [{"id": "60026827", "name": "Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, United States", "fullName": "Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New York, NY 10021, United States", "departmentId": "104358212"}] |
1,667 | 93,259 | Bayesian prediction bounds for the BURR type xii failure model | Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods | In this paper, the problem of predicting the future observations from the Burr type XII distribution, based on the past observations having the same distribution, is considered from a Bayesian approach One sample and a series of M+1 samples techniques are used in this article based on a bivariate prior density suggested by AL-Hussaini and Jaheen (1992). Numerical examples are used to illustrate the procedures. © 1995, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. | ["Al-Hussaini E.K.", "Jaheen Z.F."] | ["35368125800", "6701708136"] | 1,995 | 42 | ["Bayesian prediction sounds", "Burr type XII distribution", "one sample", "series of independent samples"] | 10.1080/03610929508831589 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000617", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Assiut, Egypt", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Assiut", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Egypt", "departmentId": "109519146"}] |
1,668 | 93,278 | Prediction diagnostics for spatial linear models | Biometrika | SUMMARY: Case deletion diagnostics are developed for detecting observations that are influential for prediction in linear models with a general covariance matrix. A primary application of such results is in universal kriging and the related methodologies of ordinary kriging and intrinsic random function kriging. In these applications the linear model and the covariance matrix of the data are determined by the locations at which observations are taken. Computational formulae are given that make the procedures feasible. The diagnostics are illustrated using an example. © 1992 Biometrika Trust. | ["Christensen R.", "Johnson W.", "Pearson L.M."] | ["7202426393", "7404849122", "7103019000"] | 1,992 | 32 | ["Best linear unbiased prediction", "Case deletion diagnostics", "Influence", "Kriging", "Universal kriging", "Updating formula"] | 10.1093/biomet/79.3.583 | Article | English | [{"id": "60033021", "name": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States", "departmentId": "109498030"}, {"id": "60014439", "name": "Division of Statistics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States", "fullName": "Division of Statistics, University of California", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Davis, California 95616, United States", "departmentId": "103749989"}, {"id": "60003424", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Astronomy and Statistics, Mankato State University, Mankato, Minnesota 56001, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Astronomy and Statistics, Mankato State University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Mankato, Minnesota 56001, United States", "departmentId": "103224021"}] |
1,669 | 93,296 | Strategically zero-sum games: The class of games whose completely mixed equilibria cannot be improved upon | International Journal of Game Theory | In this paper we propose a new class of games, the "strategically zero-sum games," which are characterized by a special payoff structure. We show that for a large body of correlation schemes which includes the correlated strategies "à la Aumann", strategically zero-sum games are exactly these games for which no completely mixed Nash equilibrium can be improved upon. © 1978 Physica-Verlag. | ["Moulin H.", "Vial J.-P."] | ["57224853527", "35609084000"] | 1,978 | 95 | [] | 10.1007/BF01769190 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000874", "name": "CORE, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics, Univerité Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, 34 du Roman Pays, Belgium", "fullName": "CORE, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics, Univerité Catholique de Louvain", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, 34 du Roman Pays, Belgium", "departmentId": "103082046"}] |
1,670 | 93,401 | A remark on the percus-yevick approximation in higher dimensions hard core systems | Molecular Physics | The five dimensional Ornstein-Zernike equation is Wiener-Hopf factorized following Baxter [1]. This formalism is then applied to five dimensional hard hyperspheres to yield an analytic result in the Percus-Yevick (PY) closure approximation. In addition, the scaled particle result for that system is also derived. The first few virial coefficients are also calculated. Apparently, the PY virial and compressibility pressures bracket the true result. Perturbative treatments for potentials with attractive tails are briefly discussed. © 1981 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. | ["Freasier B.C.", "Isbister D.J."] | ["6602706723", "6602188072"] | 1,981 | 35 | [] | 10.1080/00268978100100711 | Article | English | [{"id": "115946748", "name": "Department of Chemistry, R.M.C., Duntroon, ACT, 2600, Australia", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, R.M.C.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Duntroon, ACT, 2600, Australia", "departmentId": "115947040"}] |
1,671 | 93,419 | Subgraphs with restricted degrees of their vertices in planar 3-connected graphs | Graphs and Combinatorics | We have proved that every 3-connected planar graph G either contains a path on k vertices each of which has degree at most 5k or does not contain any path on k vertices; the bound 5k is the best possible. Moreover, for every connected planar graph H other than a path and for every integer m ≥: 3 there is a 3-connected planar graph G such that each copy of H in G contains a vertex of degree at least m. © Springer-Verlag 1997. | ["Fabrici I.", "Jendrol' S."] | ["7801458122", "57218611206"] | 1,997 | 42 | [] | 10.1007/BF03353001 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030040", "name": "Institute of Mathematics, Technical University Ilmenau, D-98684 Ilmenau, PF 0565, Germany", "fullName": "Institute of Mathematics, Technical University Ilmenau", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-98684 Ilmenau, PF 0565, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60031236", "name": "Department of Geometry and Algebra, P.J. Šafárik University, 041 54 Košice, Jesenná 5, Slovakia", "fullName": "Department of Geometry and Algebra, P.J. Šafárik University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "041 54 Košice, Jesenná 5, Slovakia", "departmentId": "104591266"}] |
1,672 | 93,443 | Cayley-Bacharachsc hemes and their canonical modulesgs | Transactions of the American Mathematical Society | A set of s points in P<sub>d</sub> is called a Cayley-Bacharach scheme (CBscheme), if every subset of s - 1 points has the same Hubert function. We investigate the consequences of this “weak uniformity.” The main result characterizes CB-schemes in terms of the structure of the canonical module of their projective coordinate ring. From this we get that the Hubert function of a CB-scheme X has to satisfy growth conditions which are onlyslightly weaker than the ones given by Harris and Eisenbud for points with the uniform position property. We also characterize CB-schemes in terms of the conductor of the projective coordinate ring in its integral closure and in terms of the forms of minimal degree passing through a linked set of points. Applications include efficient algorithms for checking whether a given set of points is a CB-scheme, results about generic hyperplane sections of arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay curves and inequalities for the Hubert functions of Cohen-Macaulay domains. © 1993 American Mathematical Society. | ["Geramita A.V.", "Kreuzer M.", "Robbiano L."] | ["6701555567", "7102301546", "7004227207"] | 1,993 | 69 | [] | 10.1090/S0002-9947-1993-1102886-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016005", "name": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen’s Universit, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen’s Universit", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Kingston, K7L 3N6, Ontario, Canada", "departmentId": "111296343"}, {"id": "116674071", "name": "Fakultät fur Mathematik, Universiät Regensburg, D-W8400, Postfach 397, United States", "fullName": "Fakultät fur Mathematik, Universiät Regensburg", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "D-W8400, Postfach 397, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025153", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Genova, Genoa, 16132, Via L. B. Alberti 4, Italy", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Genova", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Genoa, 16132, Via L. B. Alberti 4, Italy", "departmentId": "104273162"}] |
1,673 | 93,490 | Quantum mechanical propagators in terms of Hida distributions | Reports on Mathematical Physics | We review some basic notions and results of white noise analysis that are used in the construction of the Feynman integrand as a generalized white noise functional. After sketching this construction for a large class of potentials we show that the resulting Feynman integrals solve the Schrödinger equation. © 1993. | ["Lascheck A.", "Leukert P.", "Streit L.", "Westerkamp W."] | ["24302482600", "6506597332", "7004236670", "6506656513"] | 1,993 | 18 | [] | 10.1016/0034-4877(93)90057-L | Article | English | [{"id": "60015595", "name": "BiBoS-Univ. Bielefeld, D 4800 Bielefeld, Germany", "fullName": "BiBoS-Univ. Bielefeld", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D 4800 Bielefeld, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60016979", "name": "Universidade da Madeira, P 9000 Funchal, Portugal", "fullName": "Universidade da Madeira", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "P 9000 Funchal, Portugal", "departmentId": null}] |
1,674 | 93,519 | Long-range surface plasmon-polaritons in asymmetric layer structures | Journal of Applied Physics | We analyze the effect of asymmetric embedding of thin silver layers on the propagation length and the power flow distribution of long-range surface plasmon-polaritons (LRSP). We show that in such configurations LRSP can achieve propagation length which exceeds the value for the symmetric case by up to 3 orders of magnitude. | ["Wendler L.", "Haupt R."] | ["7004904634", "22961332700"] | 1,986 | 73 | [] | 10.1063/1.336884 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029507", "name": "Sektion Physik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, DDR-6900 Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, Germany", "fullName": "Sektion Physik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "DDR-6900 Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
1,675 | 93,527 | A two-level electricity demand model. Evaluation of the connecticut time-of-day pricing test | Journal of Econometrics | A two-stage budgeting model is developed for electricity demand where comsumption in each period is treated as a different commodity. A relative household demand model is first estimated, a consistent price index for electricity is constructed, and then a total electricity consumption model is estimated. Economic procedures are derived which permit application of the model to both time-of-day price situations and also declining vlock price situatiions which result in non-linear budget sets. The model is applied to both types of situations- the data from the Connecticut time-of-day pricing test as well as data from the declining block rate situation of the prevoius year. The model is also tested in a forecasting application to time-of-day customers. © 1979. | ["Hausmann J.A.", "Kinnucan M.", "McFaddden D."] | ["24539583900", "55306633100", "24540409000"] | 1,979 | 38 | [] | 10.1016/0304-4076(79)90085-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60022195", "name": "Dapartment of Economics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "fullName": "Dapartment of Economics, MIT", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, MA 02139, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,676 | 93,567 | An adaptive approach to defuzzification based on level sets | Fuzzy Sets and Systems | We look at the process of defuzzification used in fuzzy logic controllers. We provide a parametrized formulation for this procedure based upon the use of level sets which we call generalized level set defuzzification. We show that the commonly used defuzzification procedures, mean of maxima and center of area, are special cases of this general procedure and are simply distinguished by the choice of the parameter. We provide a simple algorithm for adaptive choice of the best defuzzification procedure. © 1993. | ["Filev D.P.", "Yager R.R."] | ["7004005522", "35618760400"] | 1,993 | 0 | ["approximate reasoning", "defuzzification", "Fuzzy logic control", "uncertain"] | 10.1016/0165-0114(93)90383-S | Article | English | [{"id": "60019854", "name": "Machine Intelligence Institute, Iona College, New Rochelle, NY 10801, United States", "fullName": "Machine Intelligence Institute, Iona College", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New Rochelle, NY 10801, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,677 | 93,632 | Global Monte Carlo algorithms for many-fermion systems | Physical Review D | I discuss algorithms for simulating many-fermion systems via global updatings of auxiliary fields followed by an accept-reject stage which eliminates finite-step-size errors. When the system size is larger than the correlation length, these procedures should require computer time growing only slightly faster than linearly with the system volume V. A corrected Langevin scheme should asymptotically display a V4/3 behavior, while the hybrid Monte Carlo scheme can behave as V5/4. I present some tests of the latter algorithm on a simple model of interacting electrons on a two-dimensional lattice. © 1988 The American Physical Society. | ["Creutz M."] | ["7003427755"] | 1,988 | 110 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1228 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006221", "name": "Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973", "fullName": "Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Upton, NY 11973", "departmentId": "103352461"}] |
1,678 | 93,702 | Convex quadratic and semidefinite programming relaxations in scheduling | Journal of the ACM | We consider the problem of scheduling unrelated parallel machines subject to release dates so as to minimize the total weighted completion time of jobs. The main contribution of this paper is a provably good convex quadratic programming relaxation of strongly polynomial size for this problem. The best previously known approximation algorithms are based on LP relaxations in time- or interval-indexed variables. Those LP relaxations, however, suffer from a huge number of variables. As a result of the convex quadratic programming approach we can give a very simple and easy to analyze 2-approximation algorithm which can be further improved to performance guarantee 3/2 in the absence of release dates. We also consider preemptive scheduling problems and derive approximation algorithms and results on the power of preemption which improve upon the best previously known results for these settings. Finally, for the special case of two machines we introduce a more sophisticated semidefinite programming relaxation and apply the random hyperplane technique introduced by Goemans and Williamson for the MAXCUT problem; this leads to an improved 1.2752-approximation. | ["Skutella M."] | ["55913348600"] | 2,001 | 104 | ["Approximation algorithms", "Convex optimization", "Performance guarantee", "Randomized algorithms", "Scheduling theory", "Unrelated machines", "Worst-case ratio"] | 10.1145/375827.375840 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011604", "name": "Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany", "fullName": "Technische Universität Berlin", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Berlin, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60011604", "name": "Fachbereich Mathematik, MA 6-1, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 136, Germany", "fullName": "Fachbereich Mathematik, MA 6-1, Technische Universität Berlin", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "D-10623 Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 136, Germany", "departmentId": "103619972"}] |
1,679 | 93,712 | Locally Optimum Rank Detection of Correlated Random Signals in Additive Noise | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory | Nonparametric detection of a zero-mean random signal in additive noise is considered. The locally optimum detector based on signs and ranks of observations is derived, for good weak-signal detection performance under any specified noise probability density function. This detector is shown to have interesting similarities to the locally optimum detector for random signals. It may also be viewed as a generalization of the locally optimum rank detector for known signals. Examples of the test statistic of the detector are given for some specific noise probability density functions. Asymptotic and finite sample-size performance of the locally optimum rank detector is also considered. © 1992 IEEE | ["Song I.", "Kassam S.A."] | ["8941541300", "56251804200"] | 1,992 | 0 | ["locally optimum. random sig-", "nals", "rank detection", "Signal detection"] | 10.1109/18.144709 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032144", "name": ";Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, 373–1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, South Korea", "fullName": ";Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Daejeon, 305-701, 373–1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, South Korea", "departmentId": "113473192"}, {"id": "60006297", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6390, United States", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6390, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,680 | 93,785 | Stability limit and uniqueness of voltage solutions for radial power networks | Electric Machines and Power Systems | The planning and operation of a distribution system depend heavily on the load flow solutions obtained In this paper, the uniqueness of feasible voltage solution and its stability limit of radial distribution networks is analyzed. The DistFlow method is employed to find the load flow solutions for radial power networks. By using this method, an equivalent 2-bus network can be obtained during the solving process. It is proposed that only one feasible voltage solution exists for a radial power network. Moreover, the feasibility can be judged directly from the sign of the Jacobian determinant of the equivalent 2-bus network obtained. A 22-bus practical system was tested to justify the approach. © 1997 Taylor & Francis. | ["Chen J.-F.", "Wang W.-M."] | ["7501885120", "56974811100"] | 1,997 | 9 | ["DistFlow method", "Jacobian determinant", "Radial power networks"] | 10.1080/07313569708955736 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014982", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tainan, Taiwan", "departmentId": "112906435"}] |
1,681 | 93,820 | Experiments on coupled Josephson junctions | Physics Letters A | Experiments are reported which suggest that large numbers of point contact junctions can be coupled together to form a coherent source of far infra-red radiation. © 1968. | ["Clark T.D."] | ["7403216871"] | 1,968 | 56 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(68)90063-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016561", "name": "Mullard Research Laboratories, Redhill, Surrey, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Mullard Research Laboratories", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Redhill, Surrey, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
1,682 | 93,992 | The complexity of computing metric distances between partitions | Mathematical Social Sciences | Quantitative measurement of the similarity of partitions is a problem of particular relevance to the social and behavioral sciences, where experimental procedures necessitate the analysis and comparison of partitions of objects. Since metrics used for this purpose vary considerably in computational complexity. I describe two related metric models that permit methodical enumeration of metrics which may be useful and computationally tractable. Twelve metrics on partitions are identified in this way. Five of them have appeared in the literature, while seven appear to be new. Four of them seem difficult to compute, but efficient algorithms for the remaining eight exist and exhibit time complexities ranging from O(n) to O(n<sup>3</sup>), where n is the number of objects in the partitions. These algorithms are all based on lattice- and graph-theoretic representations of the computational problems. © 1981. | ["Day W.H.E."] | ["7102782334"] | 1,981 | 56 | ["Algorithm", "Clustering", "Lattice", "Metric", "Partition"] | 10.1016/0165-4896(81)90042-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019000", "name": "Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Nfld. A1C 5S7, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "St. John's, Nfld. A1C 5S7, Canada", "departmentId": "105412727"}] |
1,683 | 94,015 | Germacranolides from Centaurea melitensis | Phytochemistry | The germacranolides salonitenolide, onopordopierin and arctiopicrin have been isolated from the ether extract of Centaurea melitensis. No elemanolide has been found. These results are different from those previously reported. © 1989. | ["Barrero A.F.", "Sanchez J.F.", "Rodriguez I."] | ["7005888987", "7403998881", "6602228226"] | 1,989 | 14 | ["Centaurea melitensis", "Compositae", "elemanolides.", "germacranolides"] | 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97898-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027844", "name": "Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Spain", "fullName": "Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Spain", "departmentId": "113232713"}] |
1,684 | 94,018 | Monte Carlo maximum likelihood estimation for non-Gaussian state space models | Biometrika | State space models are considered for observations which have non-Gaussian distributions. We obtain accurate approximations to the loglikelihood for such models by Monte Carlo simulation. Devices are introduced which improve the accuracy of the approximations and which increase computational efficiency. The loglikelihood function is maximised numerically to obtain estimates of the unknown hyperparameters. Standard errors of the estimates due to simulation are calculated. Details are given for the important special cases where the observations come from an exponential family distribution and where the observation equation is linear but the observation errors are non-Gaussian. The techniques are illustrated with a series for which the observations have a Poisson distribution and a series for which the observation errors have a t-distribution. | ["Durbin J.", "Koopman S.J."] | ["7005689223", "6701473976"] | 1,997 | 215 | ["Antithetic variable", "Control variable", "Exponential family distribution", "Heavy-tailed distribution", "Importance sampling", "Kalman filtering and smoothing", "Monte Carlo simulation", "Non-Gaussian time series model"] | 10.1093/biomet/84.3.669 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003059", "name": "Department of Statistics, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, Houghton Street, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, London School of Economics and Political Science", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London WC2A 2AE, Houghton Street, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "113458358"}] |
1,685 | 94,194 | Modelling of smoke flow taking obstacles into account | Proceedings - Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications | Recently, displaying natural phenomena such as smoke has become a topic of interest in computer graphics. The ability to simulate the complex shapes and motion of the smoke particles is not only important but is also a difficult problem to solve. In this paper, we propose a method of displaying swirling smoke, including the consideration of its passage round obstacles. By using the idea of metaballs, we can easily represent the 3D density distribution of smoke. We solve the physical equation of the flow, and represent the vortices by using the vorticity vector. Therefore, we can make a model of the smoke flow even if there are obstacles in its path. © 2000 IEEE. | ["Yoshida S.", "Nishita T."] | ["56996554600", "7005340383"] | 2,000 | 6 | ["Animation", "Computational fluid dynamics", "Computational modeling", "Computer graphics", "Displays", "Equations", "Information science", "Layout", "Pain", "Shape"] | 10.1109/PCCGA.2000.883935 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60025272", "name": "Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan", "fullName": "Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan", "departmentId": "109658465"}] |
1,686 | 94,217 | A [3+2] annulation procedure for methylenecyclopentanes | Tetrahedron Letters | A two step sequence converts certain cyclic enones to fused methylenecyclopentanes using the annulation reagent 2-chloromethyl-3-trimethylsilylpropene. © 1980. | ["Knapp S.", "O'Connor U.", "Mobilio D."] | ["35563518200", "15920827500", "6602937936"] | 1,980 | 44 | [] | 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)74550-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60119141", "name": "Department of Chemistry Rutgers University New Brunswick, NJ 08903, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry Rutgers University New Brunswick", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "NJ 08903, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,687 | 94,241 | Numerical study of gauge theories on a lattice in the polar representation | Physics Letters B | We have studied a formulation of gauge theories on a lattice by means of gauge-invariant variables by a Monte Carlo simulation. The gauge-invariant variables used appear in a polar representation for the gauge field and they have been defined on the lattice both in compact and noncompact form. We have found a vanishing value of the string tension. © 1991. | ["Palumbo F.", "Polikarpov M.I.", "Veselov A.I."] | ["56211872500", "7006614180", "7101715404"] | 1,991 | 9 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(91)91230-S | Article | English | [{"id": "60021660", "name": "INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, P.O. Box 13, Italy", "fullName": "INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "I-00044 Frascati, P.O. Box 13, Italy", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60018710", "name": "Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), SU-117 259 Moscow, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP)", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "SU-117 259 Moscow, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
1,688 | 94,246 | An advanced off-axis holographic particle image velocimetry (HPIV) system | Experiments in Fluids | Holographic PIV (HPIV) is the most promising candidate for the next generation full-field velocimetry that can measure high spatial resolution instantaneous three-dimensional (3D) velocity fields. To explore the maximum performance capabilities of HPIV including spatial resolution, off-axis holography based HPIV has become a major direction of development. A fully automated off-axis HPIV system based on an injection-seeded dual-pulsed YAG laser and 3D data processing software has been implemented in the laser flow diagnostics lab (LFD). In our system, 90-degree particle scattering, dual reference beams, in situ reconstruction/data processing, and 3D velocity extraction based on a fast "concise cross correlation" (CCC) algorithm are utilized. The off-axis HPIV system is tested for an acoustically excited air jet and the wake of a surface-mounted tab in a water channel flow, giving instantaneous 3D velocity fields for both flows. Experimental data of instantaneously measured 3D flow structures using this technique show great promise. | ["Pu Y.", "Meng H."] | ["57208011311", "55816054800"] | 2,000 | 87 | [] | 10.1007/s003489900088 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000689", "name": "Laser Flow Diagnostics Laboratory, Mech. and Nucl. Eng. Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States", "fullName": "Laser Flow Diagnostics Laboratory, Mech. and Nucl. Eng. Department, Kansas State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Manhattan, KS 66506, United States", "departmentId": "107151840"}, {"id": "60032083", "name": "SUNY Buffalo, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States", "fullName": "SUNY Buffalo, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Buffalo, NY 14260, United States", "departmentId": "104628631"}] |
1,689 | 94,273 | A unified analysis of paging and caching | Algorithmica (New York) | Paging (caching) is the problem of managing a two-level memory hierarchy in order to minimize the time required to process a sequence of memory accesses. In order to measure this quantity, which we refer to as the total memory access time, we define the system parameter miss penalty to represent the extra time required to access slow memory. We also introduce the system parameter page size. In the context of paging, miss penalty is quite large, so most previous studies of on-line paging have implicitly set miss penalty = ∞ in order to simplify the model. We show that this seemingly insignificant simplification substantially alters the precision of derived results. For example, previous studies have essentially ignored page size. Consequently, we reintroduce the miss penalty and page size parameters to the paging problem and present a more accurate analysis of on-line paging (and caching). We validate using this more accurate model by deriving intuitively appealing results for the paging problem which cannot be derived using the simplified model. First, we present a natural, quantifiable definition of the amount of locality of reference in any access sequence. We also point out that the amount of locality of reference in an access sequence should depend on page size among other factors. We then show that deterministic and randomized marking algorithms such as the popular least recently used (LRU) algorithm achieve constant competitive ratios when processing typical access sequences which exhibit significant locality of reference; this represents the first competitive analysis result which (partially) explains why LRU performs as well as it is observed to in practice. Next, we show that finite lookahead can be used to obtain algorithms with improved competitive ratios. In particular, we prove that modified marking algorithms with sufficient lookahead achieve competitive ratios of 2. This is in stark contrast to the simplified model where lookahead cannot be used to obtain algorithms with improved competitive ratios. We conclude by using competitive analysis to evaluate the benefits of increasing associativity in caches. We accomplish this by specifying an algorithm and varying the system configuration rather than the usual process of specifying the system configuration and varying the algorithm. © 1998 Springer-Verkg New York Inc. | ["Torng E."] | ["6701842910"] | 1,998 | 42 | ["Cache associativity", "Caching", "Competitive analysis", "Locality of reference", "Memory access time", "Miss penalty", "Miss rate", "Page size", "Paging"] | 10.1007/PL00009192 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031707", "name": "Department of Computer Science, 3115 Engineering Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1027, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, 3115 Engineering Building, Michigan State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "East Lansing, MI 48824-1027, United States", "departmentId": "100268962"}] |
1,690 | 94,314 | Parameter estimation for two-dimensional ising fields corrupted by noise | Stochastic Processes and their Applications | On a finite sublattice Λ of Z<sub>2</sub>, consider a free-boundary Ising model X with inverse temperature β > 0 and without external field. Assume that each spin is flipped with unknown probability ε{lunate}, independently for each site and of X. This has been suggested as a stochastic model for digital images. In this paper estimators are proposed for β and ε{lunate} and shown to be consistent as Λ↑Z<sub>2</sub>. They are very easily computable since they do not require any evaluation of conditional statistics. Numerical experiments are reported on the performance of these statistics on a lattice of moderate size. © 1990. | ["Frigessi A.", "Piccioni M."] | ["57212630430", "7004158011"] | 1,990 | 8 | ["Ising model * binary symmetry channel * consistent estimation for large lattices * image restoration"] | 10.1016/0304-4149(90)90020-S | Article | English | [{"id": "60021199", "name": "Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, CNR, 00161 Roma, Italy", "fullName": "Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, CNR", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "00161 Roma, Italy", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021199", "name": "Dipartimento di Matematica, Seconda Università, 00173 Roma, and Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, CNR, 00161 Roma, Italy", "fullName": null, "reference": "b", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": "104644997"}] |
1,691 | 94,321 | Delayed feedback control of chaos by self-adapted delay time | Physics Letters A | We present a novel technique for stabilizing unstable periodic orbits of chaotic systems. It uses a continuous feedback loop in the form of the difference between an actual and a delayed output signal of the system with a variable delay time. This time is chosen to be equal to the interval between the last and the kth previous maximum of the output signal and is changed at every kth maximum. During the procedure, the delay time asymptotically tends to the period of the period-k unstable periodic orbits and the control signal vanishes. The method is illustrated with the help of the Rössler ordinary differential equations and the Mackey-Glass delay differential equations. © 1995. | ["Kittel A.", "Parisi J.", "Pyragas K."] | ["7005687080", "7102749093", "55882513500"] | 1,995 | 114 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(95)00094-J | Article | English | [{"id": "60023208", "name": "Physical Institute, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany", "fullName": "Physical Institute, University of Bayreuth", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany", "departmentId": "104178569"}, {"id": "60105695", "name": "Semiconductor Physics Institute, 2600 Vilnius, Goštauto 11, Lithuania", "fullName": "Semiconductor Physics Institute", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "2600 Vilnius, Goštauto 11, Lithuania", "departmentId": "115883572"}] |
1,692 | 94,403 | Children's acquisition of the number words and the counting system | Cognitive Psychology | This paper examines how and when children come to understand the way in which counting determines numerosity and learn the meanings of the number words. A 7-month longitudinal study of 2 and 3 year olds shows that, very early on, children already know that the counting words each refer to a distinct, unique numerosity, though they do not yet know to which numerosity each word refers. It is possible that children learn this in part from the syntax of the number words. Despite this early knowledge, however, it takes children a long time (on the order of a year) to learn how the counting system represents numerosity. This suggests that our initial concept of number is represented quite differently from the way the counting system represents number, making it a difficult task for children to map the one Onto the Other. © 1992. | ["Wynn K."] | ["7003357641"] | 1,992 | 421 | [] | 10.1016/0010-0285(92)90008-P | Article | English | [{"id": "60010065", "name": "University of Arizona, United States", "fullName": "University of Arizona", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,693 | 94,459 | A Unified Approach to the Analysis of Compound Pseudorandom Numbers | Finite Fields and Their Applications | The present paper deals with a general compound method for generating uniform pseudorandom numbers. Equidistribution and statistical independence properties of the generated sequences are studied based on the discrepancy of certain point sets. A unified approach to the analysis of the full period and of (relatively large) parts of the period is worked out, which rests on bounds for certain exponential sums over finite fields. This calculus is applied to the compound nonlinear congruential method and to the compound explicit inversive congruential method, which have been introduced recently. Known upper bounds for the discrepancy over the full period are improved and new upper bounds for the discrepancy over parts of the period are established. © 1995 Academic Press. All rights reserved. | ["Eichenauer-Herrmann J."] | ["6701532137"] | 1,995 | 8 | [] | 10.1006/ffta.1995.1007 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011226", "name": "Fachbereich Mathematik, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Schlo and gartenstra and 7, Germany", "fullName": "Fachbereich Mathematik, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-64289 Darmstadt, Schlo and gartenstra and 7, Germany", "departmentId": "103602612"}] |
1,694 | 94,804 | A short step synthesis of teurilene. Stereocontrolled sequential double cyclization of the C<sub>30</sub>-tetraenetetraol to the tandem tetrahydrofuran system | Tetrahedron Letters | A meso-triterpene ether, teurilene was stereoselectively synthesized through one step formation of a link of two tetrahydrofurans by V<sup>5+</sup> catalyzed oxidation of a C<sub>30</sub>-tetraenetetraol derivative. © 1988. | ["Hashimoto M.", "Harigaya H.", "Yanagiya M.", "Shirahama H."] | ["7404557507", "15131539900", "15083329400", "7006136061"] | 1,988 | 23 | [] | 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)82236-4 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014652", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Sapporo, 060, Japan", "departmentId": "105360086"}] |
1,695 | 94,847 | Statistical properties of the quasi-energy spectrum of a simple integrable system | Physics Letters A | We report numerical results about the statistical properties of a number sequence generated by a zero-entropy map on the two dimensional torus. The validity of Poisson statistics for this model, which is related to localization theory with a pseudorandom potential, is briefly discussed. © 1987. | ["Casati G.", "Guarneri I.", "Izrailev F.M."] | ["22970653400", "57210940025", "7006012995"] | 1,987 | 12 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(87)90634-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "112602561", "name": "Dipartimento di Fisica, dell'Università, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60015197", "name": "Istituto di Fisica Teorica e Nucleare, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Via Bassi 4, Italy", "fullName": "Istituto di Fisica Teorica e Nucleare, Università degli Studi di Pavia", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "27100 Pavia, Via Bassi 4, Italy", "departmentId": "103783961"}, {"id": "60023579", "name": "Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Institute of Nuclear Physics", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Novosibirsk, Russian Federation", "departmentId": "104194421"}] |
1,696 | 94,850 | Renormalization group for renormalization-group equations toward the universality classification of infinite-order phase transitions | Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics | We derive a renormalization group to calculate the nontrivial critical exponent of the divergent correlation length, thereby providing a universality classification of essential singularities in infinite-order phase transitions. This method thus resolves the vanishing scaling matrix problem. The exponent is obtained from the maximal eigenvalue of a scaling matrix in this renormalization group, as in the case of ordinary second-order phase transitions. We exhibit several nontrivial universality classes in infinite-order transitions different from the well known Berezinskiĭ-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. © 1999 The American Physical Society. | ["Itoi C.", "Mukaida H."] | ["6603861616", "24364481800"] | 1,999 | 18 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevE.60.3688 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010365", "name": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z1, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z1, Canada", "departmentId": "112841974"}, {"id": "60020563", "name": "Department of Physics, Saitama Medical College, Moroyama, Saitama, 350-0496, Kawakado, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Saitama Medical College", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Moroyama, Saitama, 350-0496, Kawakado, Japan", "departmentId": "104044292"}] |
1,697 | 94,871 | Testing for the presence of a random walk in series with structural breaks | Journal of Time Series Analysis | We consider tests for the presence of a random walk component in a stationary or trend stationary time series and extend them to series that contain structural breaks. The locally best invariant (LBI) test is derived and the asymptotic distribution is obtained. Then a modified test statistic is proposed. The advantage of this statistic is that its asymptotic distribution is not dependent on the location of the break point and its form is that of the generalized Cramér-von Mises distribution, with degrees of freedom depending on the number of break points. The performance of this modified test is shown, via some simulation experiments, to be comparable with that of the LBI test. An unconditional test, based on the assumption that there is a single break at an unknown point, is also examined. The use of the tests is illustrated with data on the flow of the Nile and US gross national product. | ["Busetti F.", "Harvey A."] | ["6603238132", "7402410157"] | 2,001 | 52 | ["Brownian bridge", "Cramér-von Mises distribution", "Intervention analysis", "Locally best invariant test", "Structural time series model", "Unobserved components"] | 10.1111/1467-9892.00216 | Article | English | [{"id": "60082963", "name": "Bank of Italy, University of Cambridge, Italy", "fullName": "Bank of Italy, University of Cambridge", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
1,698 | 94,919 | Optimal adjustment in the presence of deterministic process drift and random adjustment error | Technometrics | A state-space process-control model involving adjustment error and deterministic drift of the process mean is presented. The optimal adjustment policy is developed by dynamic programming. This policy calls for a particular adjustment when a Kalman-filter estimator is outside a deadband defined by upper and lower action limits. The effects of adjustment cost, adjustment variance, and drift rate on the optimal policy are discussed. The optimal adjustment policy is computed for a real machining process, and a simulation study is presented that compares the optimal policy to two sensible suboptimal policies. © 1993 American statistical association and the American society for quality control. | ["Jensen K.L.", "Vardeman S.B."] | ["57024351400", "6701334360"] | 1,993 | 36 | ["Control chart", "Deadband", "Dynamic programming", "Kalman filter", "Simulation", "State-space model"] | 10.1080/00401706.1993.10485352 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005873", "name": "Alcoa Technical Center Alcoa Center, PA, 15069, United States", "fullName": "Alcoa Technical Center Alcoa Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "PA, 15069, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60004354", "name": "Department of Statistics and Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Iowa State University Ame, IA, 50011, United States", "fullName": "Department of Statistics and Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Iowa State University Ame", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "IA, 50011, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
1,699 | 94,939 | A new method of pH control by use of a polypyrrole coated electrode | Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry | null | ["Okano M.", "Fujishima A.", "Honda K."] | ["7202185215", "35451190300", "35371584100"] | 1,985 | 18 | [] | 10.1016/0368-1874(85)80145-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025272", "name": "Department of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Hongo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113, Japan", "departmentId": "105417333"}, {"id": "60011001", "name": "Division of Molecular Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606, Japan", "fullName": "Division of Molecular Engineering, Kyoto University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606, Japan", "departmentId": "103592950"}] |
1,700 | 94,971 | A Note on the Theorem on Differential Inequalities | Georgian Mathematical Journal | It is proved that if a linear operator l:C([a, b], R)→L([a, b], R) is nonpositive and for the Cauchy problem [formula ommited] the theorem on differential inequalities is valid, then l is a Volterra operator. © 2000, Heldermann Verlag. All rights reserved. | ["Bravyi E.", "Lomtatidze A.", "Půža B."] | ["55402071000", "6603140791", "6506637943"] | 2,000 | 10 | ["Linear functional differential equation", "Theorem on differential inequalities", "Volterra operator"] | 10.1515/GMJ.2000.627 | Article | English | [{"id": "60023325", "name": "Department of Mathematical Analysis, Perm State Technical University, Komsomolsky str. 29a Perm 614000, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Analysis, Perm State Technical University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Komsomolsky str. 29a Perm 614000, Russian Federation", "departmentId": "110386093"}, {"id": "60029543", "name": "Department of Mathematical Analysis, Masaryk University, Brno, Janáčkovo nám. 2a 662 95, Czech Republic", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Analysis, Masaryk University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Brno, Janáčkovo nám. 2a 662 95, Czech Republic", "departmentId": "104496923"}] |
1,701 | 94,985 | On the measurement of the parity violating energy difference between enantiomers | Chemical Physics Letters | An experiment is outlined for measuring the small energy difference between two enantiomers due to the parity-violating weak neutral current perturbation. The method is based on the violation of the selection rules for the time evolution of states of well defined initial parity in isolated molecules. It could confirm or reject recent quantitative theoretical estimates of parity-violating energy differences. © 1986. | ["Quack M."] | ["7006515832"] | 1,986 | 145 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2614(86)80098-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025858", "name": "Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich (Zentrum), CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland", "fullName": "Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich (Zentrum)", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland", "departmentId": "104315011"}] |
1,702 | 94,986 | Microscopic View of a Two-Dimensional Lattice-Gas Ising System within the Grand Canonical Ensemble | Physical Review Letters | A reversible 2D critical transition is observed on the GaAs(001) surface and modeled as a lattice-gas Ising system. Without depositing any material, 2D GaAs islands spontaneously form. The order parameter, four critical exponents, and coupling energies are measured from scanning tunneling microscope images of the microscopic domain structure and correlation functions as a function of temperature and pressure. Unprecedented insight into the domain structure of a 2D Ising system through the critical point and a complete Hamiltonian for modeling the GaAs(001) surface are presented. | ["LaBella V.P.", "Bullock D.W.", "Anser M.", "Ding Z.", "Emery C.", "Bellaiche L.", "Thibado P.M."] | ["6701810727", "7102935346", "57215579267", "7401550776", "36873514900", "7006534936", "7004893647"] | 2,000 | 26 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.4152 | Article | English | [{"id": "60004862", "name": "Department of Physics, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, The University of Arkansas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States", "departmentId": "112973976"}] |
1,703 | 95,017 | Bifurcation and stability of stationary solutions of nonlocal scalar reaction-diffusion equations | Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations | The stability of stationary solutions of nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations on a bounded interval J of the real line with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions is studied. It is shown that it is possible to have stable stationary solutions which change sign once on J in the case of constant diffusion when the reaction term does not depend explicitly on the space variable. The problem of the possible types of stable solutions that may exist is considered. It is also shown that Matano's result on the lap-number is still true in the case of nonlocal problems. © 1994 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Freitas P."] | ["7102269604"] | 1,994 | 20 | ["bifurcation from simple eigenvalues", "nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations", "stationary solutions"] | 10.1007/BF02218850 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019656", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Heriot-Watt University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "100278564"}] |
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