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The paper deals with the global existence and density conservation for the Safronov-Dubovski equation for three different coefficients $\phi$ such that $\phi_{i,j} \leq \frac{(i+j)}{\min\{i,j\}}$, $\phi_{i,j} \leq (i+j)$ and $\phi_{i,j} \leq (1+i+j)^{\alpha}$ $\forall$ $i,j \in \mathbb{N}$, $\alpha \in [0,1]$. The non...
Maximal $L^p$-$L^q$ regularity is proved for the strong, weak and very weak solutions of the inhomogeneous Stokes problem with Navier-type boundary conditions in a bounded domain $\Omega$, not necessarily simply connected. This extends previous results of the authors (2017).
In this paper, following the studies of Amorim and al. in Partial <a href="http://Differ.Equ" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-http">this http URL</a>. Appl.
We determine the best (optimal) constant in the $L^2$ Folland-Stein inequality on the quaternionic Heisenberg group and the non-negative functions for which equality holds.
In this article, we study the asymptotics of Dirichlet eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the fractional Laplacian $(-\Delta)^s$ in bounded open Lipschitz sets in the small order limit $s \to 0^+$. While it is easy to see that all eigenvalues converge to $1$ as $s \to 0^+$, we show that the first order correction in th...
We study the spatially inhomogeneous Landau equations with hard potential in the perturbation setting, and establish the analytic smoothing effect in both spatial and velocity variables for a class of low-regularity weak solutions. This shows the Landau equations behave essentially as the hypoelliptic Fokker-Planck op...
We provide a family of global weighted Sobolev inequalities and Hardy inequalities on PI spaces with possibly non-maximal volume growth. Our results apply notably to non-trivial Ahlfors regular spaces like Laakso spaces and Kleiner-Schioppa spaces.
We prove the existence of non-trivial global minimizers of a class of free energies related to aggregation equations with degenerate diffusion on $\Real^d$. Such equations arise in mathematical biology as models for organism group dynamics which account for competition between the tendency to aggregate into groups and...
The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we conduct an in-depth analysis of mathematical modeling concerning thermal-mechanical curved beams, by taking into consideration three primary forces widely accepted in the literature: axial load, shear force, and bending moment.
In nice environments, such as Lipschitz or chord-arc domains, it is well-known that the solvability of the Dirichlet problem for an elliptic operator in $L^p$, for some finite $p$, is equivalent to the fact that the associated elliptic measure belongs to the Muckenhoupt class $A_\infty$. In turn, any of these conditio...
In this paper we introduce a game whose value functions converge (as a parameter that measures the size of the steps goes to zero) uniformly to solutions to the second order Pucci maximal operators.
For quickly decreasing potentials with one position variable, the first threshold zero is always a resonance of the Kramers-Fokker-Planck operator. In this article we study low-energy spectral properties of the operator and calculate large time asymptotics of solutions in terms of the Maxwellian.
We introduce a systematic approach to the design, implementation and analysis of left-invariant evolution schemes acting on Gabor transform, primarily for applications in signal and image analysis. Within this approach we relate operators on signals to operators on Gabor transforms.
Comparing with the classical local gradient flow and phase field models, the nonlocal models such as nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard equations equipped with nonlocal diffusion operator can describe more practical phenomena for modeling phase transitions. In this paper, we construct an accurate and efficient scalar auxiliary va...
This paper is concerned with the long-time behavior of solutions for the three dimensional primitive equations of large-scale ocean and atmosphere dynamics in an unbounded domain. Since the Sobolev embedding is no longer compact in an unbounded domain, we cannot obtain the asymptotical compactness of the semigroup gen...
We consider the focusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation \begin{align}\label{CNLSS} i\partial_t U+\Delta U=-|U|^2U\quad\text{on $\mathbb{R}^2\times\mathbb{T}$}. \tag{3NLS} \end{align} Different from the 3D Euclidean case, the \eqref{CNLSS} is mass-critical and non-scale-invariant on the waveguide manifold $\mathbb...
In this paper we investigate the existence of solutions to the following Schrödinger system in the critical case \begin{equation*} -\Delta u_{i}+\lambda_{i}u_{i}=u_{i}\sum_{j = 1}^{d}\beta_{ij}u_{j}^{2} \text{ in } \Omega, \quad u_i=0 \text{ on } \partial \Omega, \qquad i=1,...,d. \end{equation*} Here, $\Omega\subset ...
We prove that the Benjamin-Ono equation is globally well-posed in $ H^s(\T) $ for $ s\ge 0 $. Moreover we show that the associated flow-map is Lipschitz on every bounded set of $ {\dot H}^s(\T) $, $s\ge 0$, and even real-analytic in this space for small times.
In this paper, we consider the initial-boundary value problem of the viscous 3D primitive equations for oceanic and atmospheric dynamics with only vertical diffusion in the temperature equation. Local and global well-posedness of strong solutions are established for this system with $H^2$ initial data.
We prove the homogenization of the Dirichlet problem for fully nonlinear elliptic operators with periodic oscillation in the operator and of the boundary condition for a general class of smooth bounded domains. This extends the previous results of Barles and Mironescu in half spaces.
In this paper we consider the mathematical model of thermo- and photo-acoustic tomography for the recovery of the initial condition of a wave field from knowledge of its boundary values. Unlike the free-space setting, we consider the wave problem in a region enclosed by a surface where an impedance boundary condition ...
Close to the origin, the nonlinear Klein--Gordon equations on the circle are nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems which have infinitely many almost conserved quantities called harmonic actions or super-actions. We prove that, at low regularity and with a CFL number of size 1, this property is preserved if we discreti...
We present several identities with a form of polynomials or rational functions that involve Pochhammer and q-Pochhammer symbols and q-binomials (i.e. Gauss polynomials). All these identities were obtained by some analytical methods based on infinite expansions of the ratio of densities in a Fourier series of polynomia...
This paper is devoted to a simpler derivation of energy estimates compared to previously existing ones, for effectively hyperbolic operators. One of main points is no use of general Fourier integral operators and another point is an efficient use of Weyl calculus of pseudodifferential operators associated with several...
We analyse fast reaction limit in the reaction-diffusion system with nonmonotone reaction function and one non-diffusing component. As speed of reaction tends to infinity, the concentration of non-diffusing component exhibits fast oscillations.
In this note, we establish Yudovich&#39;s existence and uniqueness result for bounded (as well as mildly unbounded) vorticity weak solution of the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations. As a biproduct of our proof, we establish some regularity results for the Yudovich solution map as it depends of the initial...
We prove that, for any Hankel operator with a symbol from the Hardy class $H^2$, the maximal and minimal domains coincide. As an application, we prove that the evolution flow of the cubic Szegő equation on the unit circle can be continuously extended to the whole class $H^2$.
Whether or not the classical solutions of the two-dimensional (2D) incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations with only Laplacian magnetic diffusion (without velocity dissipation) are globally well-posed is a difficult problem and remains completely open. In this paper, we establish the global regularity of s...
We study finite energy solutions to quasilinear elliptic equations of the type $$ -\Delta_pu=\sigma \, u^q \quad \text{in } \mathbb{R}^n,$$ where $\Delta_p$ is the $p$-Laplacian, $p&gt;1$, and $\sigma$ is a nonnegative function (or measure) on $\mathbb{R}^n$, in the case $0&lt;q &lt; p-1$ ( below the &#34;natural growt...
We consider a microscopic model of $n$ identical axis-symmetric rigid Brownian particles suspended in a Stokes flow. We rigorously derive in the homogenization limit of many small particles a classical formula for the viscoelastic stress that appears in so-called Doi models which couple a Fokker-Planck equation to the...
In this paper we study the behaviour of the Neumann data of Dirichlet eigenfunctions on triangles. We prove that the $L^2$ norm of the (semi-classical) Neumann data on each side is equal to the length of the side divided by the area of the triangle.
We prove that, in a two-dimensional strip, a steady flow of an ideal incompressible fluid with no stationary point and tangential boundary conditions is a shear flow. The same conclusion holds for a bounded steady flow in a half-plane.
We study the initial value problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We will prove that the blow-up of the L^{2}-norm of solutions with suitable initial data.
We are concerned with periodic problems for nonlinear evolution equations at resonance of the form $\dot u(t) = - A u(t) + F (t,u(t))$, where a densely defined linear operator $A\colon D(A)\to X$ on a Banach space $X$ is such that $-A$ generates a compact $C_0$ semigroup and $F\colon [0,+\infty)\times X \to X$ is a non...
We establish probabilistic small data global well-posedness of the energy-critical Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equation relative to the Coulomb gauge for scaling super-critical random initial data. The proof relies on an induction on frequency procedure and a modified linear-nonlinear decomposition furnished by a delicate &#...
This article is concerned with an inverse problem of simultaneously determining a spatially varying coefficient and a Robin coefficient for a one-dimensional fractional diffusion equation with a time-fractional derivative of order $\alpha\in(0,1)$. We prove the uniqueness for the inverse problem by observation data at...
We consider sequences of maps from an $(n+m)$-dimensional domain into the $(n-1)$-sphere, which satisfy a natural $p$-energy growth, as $p$ approaches $n$ from below. We prove that, up to subsequences, the Jacobians of such maps converge in the flat topology to an integral $m$-current, and that the $p$-energy Gamma-co...
We establish a connection between the absolute continuity of elliptic measure associated to a second order divergence form operator with bounded measurable coefficients with the solvability of an endpoint $BMO$ Dirichlet problem. We show that these two notions are equivalent.
The quadratic term in the Taylor expansion at the origin of the backscattering transformation in odd dimensions $n\ge 3$ gives rise to a symmetric bilinear operator $B_2$ on $C_0^\infty({\mathbb R}^n)\times C_0^\infty({\mathbb R}^n)$. In this paper we prove that $B_2$ extends to certain Sobolev spaces with weights and...
A phase-field model for two-phase immiscible, incompressible porous media flow with surface tension effects is considered. The pore-scale model consists of a strongly coupled system of Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard equations.
This paper is concerned with the diffusion limit (as $\va\rightarrow 0$) of radial solutions to a chemotaxis system with logarithmic singular sensitivity in a bounded interval with mixed Dirichlet and Robin boundary conditions. We use a Cole-Hopf type transformation to resolve the logarithmic singularity and prove tha...
Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ be a bounded regular domain, $0&lt;s&lt;1$ and $N&gt;2s$. We consider $$ (P)\left\{ \begin{array}{rcll} (-\Delta)^s u &amp;= &amp; \frac{u^{q}}{d^{2s}} &amp; \text{ in }\Omega , \\ u &amp;&gt; &amp; 0 &amp; \text{in }\Omega , \\ u &amp; = &amp; 0 &amp; \text{ in }\mathbb{R}^N\setminus\...
We derive the extension of the classical d&#39;Alembert formula for the wave equation, which provides the analytical solution for the direct scattering problem for a medium with constant refractive index; this is achieved by employing results obtained via the Fokas method. This methodology is further extended to a med...
In this paper, we show that all non-trivial solutions of a broad class of nonlinear dispersive equations, whose linear evolution is governed by a dispersion relation under minimal regularity assumptions, cannot remain compactly supported for any non-trivial time interval. Our approach, based on complex-analytic argume...
In this paper, we study the semilinear wave equations with the inverse-square potential. By transferring the original equation to a &#34;fractional dimensional&#34; wave equation and analyzing the properties of its fundamental solution, we establish a long-time existence result, for sufficiently small, spherically sym...
We established the existence, uniqueness and stability of subsonic flows past an airfoil with a vortex line at the trailing edge. Such a flow pattern is governed by the two dimensional steady compressible Euler equations.
We sharpen an estimate of Bourgain, Brezis, and Nguyen for the topological degree of continuous maps from a sphere $\mathbb{S}^d$ into itself in the case $d \ge 2$. This provides the answer for $d \ge 2$ to a question raised by Brezis.
In this work, we prove the existence of least energy nodal solution for a class of elliptic problem in both cases, bounded and unbounded domain, when the nonlinearity has exponential critical growth in $\mathbb{R}^2$. Moreover, we also prove a nonexistence result of least energy nodal solution for the autonomous case ...
We prove a priori bounds for solutions of stochastic reaction diffusion equations with super-linear damping in the reaction term. These bounds provide a control on the supremum of solutions on any compact space-time set which only depends on the specific realisation of the noise on a slightly larger set and which hold...
A classical model of fluid dynamics is considered which describes the shape evolution of a viscous liquid droplet on a homogeneous substrate. All equilibria are characterized and their stability is analyzed by a geometric reduction argument.
Systems of Hamilton-Jacobi equations arise naturally when we study the optimal control problems with pathwise deterministic trajectories with random switching. In this work, we are interested in the large time behavior of weakly coupled systems of first-order Hamilton-Jacobi equations in the periodic setting.
By introducing a new averaged quantity with a fast decay weight to perform Sideris&#39;s argument (Commun Math Phys, 1985) developed for the Euler Equations, we extend the formation of singularities of classical solution to the 3D Euler Equations established in Sideris (1985) and Makino et al. (Jpn J Appl Math, 1986) f...
In this paper we prove an existence result for a general class of hemivariational inequalities systems using the Ky Fan version of KKM theorem (1984) or the Tarafdar fixed point theorem (1987). As application we give an infinite dimensional version for existence result of Nash generalized derivative points introduced ...
In this work, we discuss a situation which could lead to both wave turbulence and collective behavior kinetic equations. The wave turbulence kinetic models appear in the kinetic limit when the wave equations have local differential operators.
We study the Cauchy problem for first-order quasi-linear systems of partial differential equations. When the spectrum of the initial principal symbol is not included in the real line, i.e., when hyperbolicity is violated at initial time, then the Cauchy problem is strongly unstable, in the sense of Hadamard.
In the paper, we establish the existence of steady boundary layer solution of Boltzmann equation with specular boundary condition in $L^2_{x,v}\cap L^\infty_{x,v}$ in half-space. The uniqueness, continuity and exponential decay of the solution are obtained, and such estimates are important to prove the Hilbert expansi...
In this paper, we investigate a distributed optimal control problem for a convective viscous Cahn-Hilliard system with dynamic boundary conditions. Such systems govern phase separation processes between two phases taking place in an incompressible fluid in a container and, at the same time, on the container boundary.
In this paper, we study the following two-component systems of nonlinear Schrödinger equations \begin{equation*} \left\{\aligned&amp;\Delta u-(\lambda a(x)+a_0(x))u+\mu_1u^3+\beta v^2u=0\quad&amp;\text{in }\bbr^3,\\ &amp;\Delta v-(\lambda b(x)+b_0(x))v+\mu_2v^3+\beta u^2v=0\quad&amp;\text{in }\bbr^3,\\ &amp;u,v\in\h,\q...
In this work, we consider the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system, linearized around a spatially homogeneous equilibrium, set in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^3 \times \mathbb{R}^3$. The equilibrium is assumed to belong to a class of radial, smooth, rapidly decaying functions.
We study imaging with an array of sensors that probes a medium with single frequency electromagnetic waves and records the scattered electric field. The medium is known and homogenous except for some small and penetrable inclusions.
We study semiclassical Gevrey pseudodifferential operators, acting on exponentially weighted spaces of entire holomorphic functions. The symbols of such operators are Gevrey functions defined on suitable I-Lagrangian submanifolds of the complexified phase space, which are extended almost holomorphically in the same Ge...
Verifying lower-semicontinuity of integral functionals in the weak topology of Sobolev spaces is a central theme in the calculus of variations. For integral functionals with $p$-growth, quasiconvexity is a necessary condition for weak lower-semicontinuity in $W^{1,p}$, but is only sufficient if some additional conditi...
Solutions of first-order nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws typically develop shocks in finite time even with smooth initial conditions. However, in heterogeneous media with rapid spatial variation, shock formation may be delayed or avoided.
In this paper we consider the time dependent one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with multiple Dirac delta potentials {of different strengths}. We prove that the classical dispersion property holds under some restrictions on the strengths and on the lengths of the finite intervals.
We consider the two-dimensional MHD Boundary layer system without hydrodynamic viscosity, and establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions in Sobolev spaces under the assumption that the tangential component of magnetic fields dominates. This gives a complement to the previous works of Liu-Xie-Yang [Comm. Pure ...
This work is devoted to study the relation between regularity and decay for solutions of the two-dimensional modified Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation in the weighted Sobolev spaces $Z_{s,(r_1,r_2)}:=H^s(\R^2)\cap L^2((1+|x|^{2r_1}+|y|^{2r_2})dxdy)$.
We study the null controllability of the parabolic equation associated with the Grushin-type operator $A=\partial_x^2+|x|^{2\gamma}\partial_y^2\,, (\gamma&gt;0),$ in the rectangle $\Omega=(-1,1)\times(0,1)$, under an additive control supported in the strip $\omega=(a,b)\times(0,1)\,, (0&lt;a,b&lt;1)$. We prove that th...
We consider solutions of the Cauchy problem for semilinear equations with (possibly) different Lévy operators. We provide various results on their convergence under the assumption that symbols of the involved operators converge to the symbol of some Lévy operator.
We consider a free boundary problem of compressible-incompressible two-phase flows with phase transitions in general domains of $N$-dimensional Euclidean space (e.g. whole space; half-spaces; bounded domains; exterior domains). The compressible fluid and the incompressible fluid are separated by either compact or non-...
We study a doubly parabolic Keller-Segel system in one spatial dimension, with diffusions given by fractional laplacians. We obtain several local and global well-posedness results for the subcritical and critical cases (for the latter we need certain smallness assumptions).
We consider non-local in time semilinear subdiffusion equations on a bounded domain, where the kernel in the integro-differential operator belongs to a large class, which covers many relevant cases from physics applications, in particular the important case of fractional dynamics. The elliptic operator in the equation...
In this series, we investigate quantum ergodicity at small scales for linear hyperbolic maps of the torus (&#34;cat maps&#39;&#34;). In Part II of the series, we construct quasimodes that are quantum ergodic but are not equidistributed at the logarithmical scales.
A shell-type model of an inviscid fluid, previously considered in the literature, is investigated in absence of external force. Energy dissipation of positive solutions is proved and decay of energy like $t^{-2}$ is established.
We study the holomorphic extendibility of $\text{Op}(p)u$, when $p$ is an analytic symbol, and explicit information is available on the domains of holomorphic extendibility of both $p$ and $u$. By a contour deformation argument, we obtain a precise local estimate of the domain of holomorphy of $\text{Op}(p)u$ in terms...
We study the minimum energy configuration of a uniform distribution of negative charge subject to Coulomb repulsive self-interaction and attractive interaction with a fixed positively charged domain. After having established existence and uniqueness of a minimizing configuration, we prove charge neutrality and the com...
We adapt boundary deformation techniques to solve a Neumann problem for the Helmholtz equation with rough electric potentials in bounded domains. In particular, we study the dependance of Neumann eigenvalues of the perturbed Laplacian with respect to boundary deformation, and we illustrate how to find a domain in whic...
We consider the motion of $N$ rigid bodies -- compact sets $(\mathcal{S}^1_\varepsilon, \cdots, \mathcal{S}^N_\varepsilon )_{\varepsilon &gt; 0}$ -- immersed in a viscous incompressible fluid <br>contained in a domain in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d=2,3$. <br>We show the fluid flow is not influenced by the p...
We introduce here a nonlocal operator as a natural generalization to the biharmonic operator that appears in plate theory. This operator is built in the nonlocal calculus framework defined by Du et al. and its connected with the recent theory of peridynamics.
We consider an energy functional combining the square of the local oscillation of a one--dimensional function with a double well potential. We establish the existence of minimal heteroclinic solutions connecting the two wells of the potential.
We prove global subelliptic estimates for quadratic differential operators. Quadratic differential operators are operators defined in the Weyl quantization by complex-valued quadratic symbols.
A multispecies, collisionless plasma is modeled by the Vlasov-Poisson system. Assuming that the electric field decays with sufficient rapidity as $t \to\infty$, we show that the velocity characteristics and spatial averages of the particle distributions converge as time grows large.
Due to the dissipative structure of \textit{regularity-loss}, extra higher regularity than that for the global-in-time existence is usually imposed to obtain the optimal decay rates of classical solutions to dissipative systems. The aim of this paper is to seek the lowest regularity index for the optimal decay rate of...
We suggest a modification of the estimate for weighted Sobolev norms of solutions of parabolic equations such that the matrix of the higher order coefficients is included into the weight for the gradient. More precisely, we found the upper limit estimate that can be achieved by variations of the zero order coefficient...
Liouville type of theorems play a key role in the blow-up approach to study the global regularity of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. In this paper, we will prove Liouville type of theorems to the 3-D axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations with swirls under some suitable assumptions on swirl component velo...
In this note we prove scattering for perturbations of solitons in the scaling space appropriate for the quartic nonlinearity, namely $\dot{H}^{-\frac16}$. The article relies strongly on refined estimates for a KdV equation linearized at the soliton.
We study the partial Gelfand-Shilov regularizing effect and the exponential decay for the solutions to evolution equations associated to a class of accretive non-selfadjoint quadratic operators, which fail to be globally hypoelliptic on the whole phase space. By taking advantage of the associated Gevrey regularizing e...
We analyze a system of nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) of mixed elliptic-parabolic type that models the propagation of electric signals and their effect on the deformation of cardiac tissue. The system governs the dynamics of ionic quantities, intra and extra-cellular potentials, and linear...
We construct families of blowing-up solutions to elliptic systems on smooth bounded domains in the Euclidean space, which are variants of the critical Lane-Emden system and analogous to the Brezis-Nirenberg problem. We find a function which governs blowing-up points and rates, observing that it reflects the strong non...
In this paper we discuss the analysis of a cross-diffusion PDE system for a mixture of hard spheres, which was derived by Bruna and Chapman from a stochastic system of interacting Brownian particles using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. The resulting cross-diffusion system is valid in the limit of small v...
We study the global behavior of solutions to the focusing generalized Hartree equation with $H^1$ data at mass-energy threshold in the inter-range case. In the earlier works of Arora-Roudenko [Arora-Roudenko 2021], the behavior of solutions below the mass-energy threshold was classified.
This article studies the global hypoellipticity of a class of overdetermined systems of pseudo-differential operators defined on the torus. The main goal consists in establishing connections between the global hypoellipticity of the system and the global hypoellipticity of its normal form.
We consider a rate-independent system with nonconvex energy under discontinuous external loading. The underlying space is finite dimensional and the loads are functions in $BV([0,T];\mathbb{R}^d)$.
An age-structured predator-prey system with diffusion and Holling-Tanner-type nonlinearities is considered. Regarding the intensity of the fertility of the predator as bifurcation parameter, we prove that a branch of positive coexistence steady states bifurcates from the marginal steady state with no prey.
In this note, we study the Cauchy problem of the semilinear damped wave equation and our aim is the small data global existence for noncompactly supported initial data. For this problem, Ikehata and Tanizawa [5] introduced the energy method with the exponential-type weight function $e^{|x|^2/(1+t)}$, which is the so-c...
A partial differential equation (PDE) was developed to describe time-dependent ligand-receptor interactions for applications in biosensing using field effect transistors (FET). The model describes biochemical interactions at the sensor surface (or biochemical gate) located at the bottom of a solution-well, which resul...
We consider a quasilinear elliptic equation, with right hand side measure, which does not satisfy the usual coercivity assumption. We prove an existence result in the line of the Fredholm alternative.
Breathers are nontrivial time-periodic and spatially localized solutions of nonlinear dispersive partial differential equations (PDEs). Families of breathers have been found for certain integrable PDEs but are believed to be rare in non-integrable ones such as nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations.
We show that the symmetric radial decreasing rearrangement can increase the fractional Gagliardo semi-norm in domains.
It is known from \cite{LW} that the solvability of the mean field equation $\Delta u+e^{u}=8n\pi \delta_{0}$ with $n\in\mathbb{N}_{\geq 1}$ on a flat torus $E_{\tau}$ essentially depends on the geometry of $E_{\tau}$. A conjecture is the non-existence of solutions for this equation if $E_{\tau}$ is a rectangular torus...
Partial differential equations (PDEs) are at the heart of many mathematical and scientific advances. While great progress has been made on the theory of PDEs of standard types during the last eight decades, the analysis of nonlinear PDEs of mixed type is still in its infancy.