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values | year large_stringdate 2013-01-01 00:00:00 2014-01-01 00:00:00 | category large_stringclasses 6
values | qid int64 1 235 | qtext large_stringlengths 5 1.24k | ra int64 1 5 | answers large listlengths 5 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 168 | In relation to the treatment of a non-smoking woman with non-small cell lung carcinoma, stage IV adenocarcinoma, which of the following statements is correct? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The determination of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is required."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Entry Gefitinib is the standard treatment without EGFR determination."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It has a standard treatment based on camptothecins."
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 169 | 80-year-old woman who consults for presenting, for 1 month, progressive increase of the abdominal perimeter. During the previous 4-5 months note asthenia, anorexia and weight loss not specified. On physical examination, tension ascites and malleolar edema are seen, with no other relevant signs. Ultrasonography and CT s... | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hydropic decompensation secondary to liver cirrhosis."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Chylose ascites due to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Peritoneal tuberculosis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Peritoneal metastasis of adenocarcinoma."
},... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 170 | As for the agonizing rattles (pre-mortem rales), it is true that: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a situation well tolerated by the family."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They originate a silent breathing."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are treated with morphine."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are treated with prokinetics."
},
{
"aid": 5... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 171 | In relation to intoxication by anticholinergic agents, point out the correct answer. | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "In its treatment, atropine is used."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The presence of grade III or IV encephalopathy, acute renal failure and severe coagulopathy indicate liver transplantation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Dantrolene is indicated in case of seizures."
},... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 172 | A 67-year-old man, a schizophrenic in medical treatment, is treated in a city in southern Spain on August 15 for presenting fever and deteriorating levels of consciousness. On examination, she presented a Glasgow coma score of 5 points, tachypnea at 45 breaths per minute, oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry of 75%, rec... | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Cooling by immersing the patient in a bathtub with ice is the safest method to reduce the temperature."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is not necessary to sedate the patient, intubate them and connect them to mechanical ventilation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Liver ... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 173 | Given the suspicion of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, how would you start the complementary exams? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Digestive transit."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Gastric pHmetry"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Simple radiology"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ultrasound"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Isotopic study"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 174 | On the growth and development of a healthy child in the first year of life, which of the following statements is NOT true? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Between 3 and 4 months of age, the weight gain rate increases to around 40 g per day."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "At 4 months, birth weight doubles."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The weight of a newborn can decrease 10% of the weight at birth during the first week."
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 175 | 0 months previously healthy with acute gastroenteritis of one day of evolution and signs of mild dehydration, without blood or mucus in the stool and without oral intolerance. What is the initial choice treatment in our environment? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Intravenous rehydration, absolute diet 8 hours and start feeding with astringent diet."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Rehydration with low osmolality oral rehydration solution (sodium 60-75 mEq / L) and continue with your usual diet."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Rehydra... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 176 | In relation to classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia indicate the correct answer: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The lack of treatment causes a progressive postnatal virilization."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "For the diagnosis, a stimulation test with ACTH is necessary."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "In the male sex, the external genitalia are ambiguous at birth."
},
{
"ai... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 177 | Which of the following associations (disease - symptom or clinical sign) is incorrect? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Measles - Koplik spots."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Sudden exanthema - Fever."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Infectious erythema - Anemia due to spinal aplasia."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Varicella - occipital adenopathies."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 178 | Infant of 1 month of life who goes to the hospital emergency department referred by his pediatrician for jaundice. He has been referring for 10 days and has been increasing. In the blood test, a total bilirubin of 7 mg / dl stands out, with indirect bilirubin being 1.5 mg / dl. The most likely cause, among the followin... | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Biliary tract atresia"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Jaundice due to breastfeeding."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Isoimmunization 0-A late onset."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Gilbert's disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hereditary spherocytosis."
}... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 179 | Point out the correct answer in relation to breastfeeding: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is important that the mother disinfect her nipple well before starting each feeding."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The first feeding of breastfeeding should not be done before 6 hours of life."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Breastfeeding requires a fixed and strict sc... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 180 | A 4-year-old boy comes to the Health Center who, 5 minutes earlier, begins with angioedema on his face, conjunctivitis, nasal congestion and hoarseness, coinciding with the intake of a spoonful of yogurt that was mistakenly given him at school. Among the background is diagnosed with cow's milk protein allergy. The exam... | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Induce vomiting."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Adrenaline subcutaneous 1/1000."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Adrenaline 1/1000 intramuscular."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Intramuscular methylprednisone."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Nebulized salbutamol... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 181 | Woman of 40 weeks of gestation in labor with 6 cm of dilation. Presents fetal decelerative pattern in cardiotocographic record so it is decided to perform a fetal blood microtome to assess fetal well-being. Result pH 7.22. The correct behavior is: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Severe acidosis Caesarean section urgent."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Prepatological value, repeat take in 15-20 minutes."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Moderate acidosis, repeat take in 1-2 hours."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Value in normal limits, leave nat... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 184 | A 32-year-old woman asks for preconceptional advice. The patient reports that she underwent cervical conization due to a high-grade intraepithelial lesion (H-SIL) and that she subsequently suffered three miscarriages between 20 and 22 weeks of gestation. He does not have living children. On all three occasions he went ... | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "I would recommend prophylaxis with atosiban orally throughout the pregnancy."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It would offer lung maturation with corticosteroids from 19-20 weeks of gestation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "I would recommend performing a cervical cerclage p... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 185 | Point out the INCORRECT response regarding infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pregnancy: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The scheduled cesarean does not reduce the vertical transmission rate of the virus."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The pregnant woman will be offered the possibility of performing antiretroviral treatment whatever her stage of the disease, in order to prevent the vertical transm... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 186 | A 27-year-old woman, pregnant for 10 weeks and with persistent severe allergic asthma. Currently, it is adequately controlled with daily inhaled budesonide and inhaled salbutamol at the request of rescue. Go to your consultation concerned about the possible teratogenic effects of your antiasthmatic medication. Which of... | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Since asthma improves during pregnancy in most patients, it is best for the patient and the fetus to discontinue anti-asthmatic treatment."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Suspend budesonide because it has been linked to an increased risk of fetal malformations and replace it with... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 187 | Which of the following is currently the only contraindication for conservative surgical treatment in breast cancer? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Prior radiotherapy."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Tumor of 4 cm."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Axillary metastasis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Multifocal tumor"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Pregnancy of 32 weeks."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 188 | A 16-year-old woman consulted for primary amenorrhea. It presents a normal female development of secondary sexual characteristics. The levels of estradiol and testosterone are normal. In the gynecological examination, agenesis of the vagina is appreciated. Ultrasound is performed and there is absence of uterus. The ova... | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Rokitansky syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Morris syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Congenital adrenal hyperplasia."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Polycystic ovarian syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Kallman syndrome."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 189 | Homosexual male of 30 years of age HIV (+) who participates as a volunteer in a help center for patients with AIDS. According to her clinical history she received diphtheria toxoid (Td) 6 years ago, the MMR vaccine in childhood and adolescence, and hepatitis B three years ago. He is currently asymptomatic with a CD4 co... | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Seasonal influenza, pneumococcal, tetravalent meningitis and hepatitis A."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Seasonal flu, Td, pneumococcal and tetravalent meningitis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Templavalent meningitis, pneumococcal and seasonal influenza."
},
{
"... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 190 | In order to check the efficacy of a treatment to stop smoking, a control group (placebo) is compared with a treated group. For groups to be comparable it is important that they do not differ much in the age of the participants. We are informed that the average age in the control group is 52 years and that in the treate... | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The groups do not differ with respect to the distribution of the age variable."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "If the study is well designed, it can not give us the same average age in both groups."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "To compare the distribution of the age varia... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 191 | A pediatrician wants to study overweight in children of 14 years, according to the values of the BMI (body mass index). To estimate the necessary sample size, it proposes a confidence level of 95% and a precision of 1 unit of BMI. What other parameters do you need to know to determine the sample size? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The average BMI in the population."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The variance of the BMI."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The mean and standard deviation of the BMI."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The size of the population and the average BMI."
},
{
"aid":... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 192 | The Pearson correlation coefficient indicates that there is a statistical association between two variables when: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Its value is positive."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Its value is between -1 (minus one) and 1 (one)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Its value approaches zero."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Its value is equal or very similar to the sample size used for its calcul... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 193 | If you want to estimate the effects of an intervention, you will use: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A transversal design."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A retrospective design"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "An ecological study."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A randomized clinical trial."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "An observational design with random sel... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 194 | Which of the following statements about the meta-analysis is correct? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The objective of the meta-analysis is to quantitatively summarize the results of the studies carried out."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The meta-analysis is a large clinical trial."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It would be desirable to avoid negative clinical trials, as... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 195 | Point out the correct definition: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The Necessary Number to Treat (NNT) is the inverse of the Relative Risk (RR)."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) can clearly differentiate the big risks and benefits of the small ones."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The Relative Risk Reductio... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 196 | In a cohort study, the number of new cases of disease per person per unit of time is: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The annual incidence."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The cumulative incidence or probability."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The prevalence rate"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The density or incidence rate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The relative risk of... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 197 | In a clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of a new medication in the treatment of migraine crisis (point out the CORRECT): | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Strict inclusion criteria increase the external validity of the study."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Strict exclusion criteria reduce the internal validity of the study."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Control with a placebo arm increases the external validity of the stud... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 198 | We want to know if coffee consumption can be associated with neonatal malformation, so a control case study is designed. We interview a group of women who have had children with malformations and the same in a group of mothers without children with malformations. The interviews will be conducted by two interviewers tra... | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Information bias"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Memory bias"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Interviewer bias"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Selection bias"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Ecological fallacy"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 199 | We want to study if Vitamin D can increase the incidence of breast cancer. In our area we have a population registry of cancer. To achieve our goal, all women diagnosed with breast cancer are selected from the register we have and each case pairs with two controls. What study design has been chosen? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Prospective cohort study."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cases and controls study."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Case-control study nested."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Retrospective cohort study."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Ecological study"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 200 | We want to conduct a study to assess the effect of exposure to alcohol consumption on pancreatic cancer. It is possible that the relationship may be affected by the effect of exposure to tobacco use. If you only want to analyze the effect of alcohol consumption, what type of bias can occur? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Exposure bias"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Diagnostic bias"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Performance bias"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Bias due to surveillance effect (or Hawthorne)."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Confusing bias"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 201 | A study is conducted to evaluate the relationship between lung cancer and exposure to silica. 400 patients diagnosed with lung cancer are selected from the provincial tumor registry and 400 healthy people are chosen randomly from the population resident in the province. The result of the evaluation of this relationship... | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "There is no relationship between exposure to silica and lung cancer."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "With this study, the relationship between silica and lung cancer can not be evaluated."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a randomized experimental study with a positive ... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 202 | Regarding the designs of clinical trials to demonstrate efficacy of antidepressants, which of the following is FALSE? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The inclusion in the design of clinical trials of secondary safety variables is important in order to establish the therapeutic location of the drugs studied."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "In studies of depression it is not considered ethical to use a control group with placebo... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 203 | Regarding the phases of the clinical development of a drug, which of the following characteristics does NOT correspond to a clinical trial in phase 2? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are exploratory therapeutic studies."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are performed in a large number of patients (between 100 and 1000)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are used to delimit a range of therapeutic doses."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Th... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 204 | A randomized phase III clinical trial compared the efficacy of a new analgesic (experimental) with a control treatment (tramadol) in patients with chronic pain. The working hypothesis was that experimental treatment reduces pain more than tramadol. The effect of the two treatments was determined at 48 hours by reducing... | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The study demonstrated clinically relevant differences."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The differences in the analgesic effect between the two treatments studied were significant."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The benefit - risk of the experimental treatment was better t... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 205 | A clinical trial is conducted in hypertensive patients to assess the effectiveness of a new drug in reducing the occurrence of heart failure. The Relative Risk (RR) of heart failure in relation to the usual drug is 0.69 with a 95% CI of 0.31 to 1.17. What do these results mean? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The new drug decreases the risk of heart failure significantly."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The new drug is very effective and should be marketed."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The reduction of the risk of heart failure with the new drug is clinically irrelevant."
}... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 206 | If we define the cut-off point to diagnose renal failure through the Glomerular Filtering Index (GFR) as 15 ml / min instead of 60 ml / min it is increasing: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The sensitivity of the IFG."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The specificity of the IFG."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The Positive Predictive Value of the IFG."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The Negative Predictive Value of the IFG."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"ate... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 207 | We have two tests to diagnose a serious prognosis disease. Test A has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 60% and test B has a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 99%. We have an effective treatment but that produces important adverse effects and also has a very high cost. What test would we choose to make th... | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Test A because it will detect less false positives."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Test A because it has a higher sensitivity."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Test B because it will detect more false positives."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Test A because it will d... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 208 | What type of economic evaluation analysis in health compares the costs of the results of different health interventions measured in years of life adjusted for quality (QALY)? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Analysis of minimization of costs."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cost effectiveness analysis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Cost utility analysis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Cost benefit analysis."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Analysis of the cost of ... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 209 | How would you define quality of care? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The quality of care is the set of rules to ensure that things are done well."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The quality of care can be defined as the absence of incidents in the care of the sick."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The quality of care can be defined as the sat... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 210 | A 45-year-old patient with a moderate smoking habit, no drinker, no other history of interest who has been diagnosed with squamous carcinoma of the oropharynx cT1N2b. It is pending decision of treatment in committee. What infectious agent would you be interested in confusing before proposing the treatment? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Helicobacter pylori."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Herpes Simplex virus type 2."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Human papilloma virus."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Epstein Barr virus."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cytomegalovirus."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 211 | A 25-year-old woman with no history of interest or toxic habits who went to the emergency room due to severe pain in her right ear, total inability to open her mouth, sudden onset and no previous history of trauma. It refers to the use of a discharge plate due to a nighttime dental clenching habit. What is your diagnos... | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Dislocation of the mandibular condyle in front of the joint eminence."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acute joint blockage (anterior dislocation of the articular meniscus)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Mandibular condyle fracture."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fi... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 212 | If a patient presents a facial paralysis that does not affect the musculature of the forehead we should think that the lesion is: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "At the supranuclear level."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "In the geniculate ganglion."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "In the stylomastoid foramen."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "In the pontocerebellar angle."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "In the internal audi... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 213 | The association of advanced age, diabetes, otalgia that does not progress favorably despite the treatment and paralysis of the VII cranial nerve lead to think of one of the following clinical pictures as the first option: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Granular myringitis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Diffuse labyrinthitis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Carcinoma of the temporal bone."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Malignant external otitis"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 214 | In what type of hearing loss is the phenomenon of recruitment or recruitment characteristic? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Transmission hearing loss."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Mixed hearing loss."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Central hearing loss."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Retrocochlear hearing loss."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cochlear hearing loss."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 215 | In the presence of a patient with suspected blistering pemphigoid, which of the following tests should we perform to confirm the diagnosis? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Dermatoscopy."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cultivation of the contents of a blister."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Skin biopsy for culture."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Skin biopsy for histological study and direct immunofluorescence."
},
{
"aid": 5,
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 216 | A 24-year-old boy who, after 3 days of high-risk sexual contact, has numerous pustular, small, very pruritic lesions that progress to minute erosions affecting the entire glans and inner face of the prepuce. Indicate which is, among the following, the most probable diagnostic orientation: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Genital candidiasis"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Chancroid."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Secondary syphilis"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Balanitis by Trichomonas."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Fungal infection by dermatophytes."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 217 | What is the most important prognostic factor in Stage 1 Melanoma? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Serum LDH level."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Tumor thickness measured in the Breslow index."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The presence of clinical or histological ulceration."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Number of metastases."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atex... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 218 | The most frequent cause of irreversible visual loss in the Western world in people over 50 is: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Diabetic retinopathy."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Simple chronic glaucoma."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Macular degeneration associated with age."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Retinal detachment."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Waterfalls."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 219 | A 23-year-old woman goes to the emergency room because she is very nervous after an argument with her partner. In his clinical history several similar demands are reflected in the previous year, in two of them after an autolytic gesture. There are also frequent conflicts in relationships, work changes and family discus... | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Borderline personality disorder."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Disorder of the histrionic personality."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Dysthymia"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Dissociative disorder"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Depersonalization disorder."
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 220 | 50-year-old woman who for 1 month has a depressed mood, anhedonia, memory loss, easy crying, loss of energy, sense of worthlessness and guilt, marked weight loss and early awakening, as well as inability to perform their tasks usual at home. In separation proceedings for 3 months. Point out the most appropriate diagnos... | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Dysthymia"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Pseudodementia"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Depressive adaptive disorder."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Episode of major depression."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Minor depression"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 221 | A 43-year-old man smokes 20 cigarettes a day, who comes to his clinic taken by a family member, because he has been sleeping for a few days, less than 3 hours a day, without mentioning fatigue. He adds that he has begun to spend large amounts of money, compromising family finances. It is verbose, with acceleration of t... | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Bupropion."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Valproic acid."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Lithium carbonate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Risperidone."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Olanzapine."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 222 | All of the following are common complications of untreated generalized anxiety disorder EXCEPT: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Consumption of alcohol and drug abuse."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Psychosomatic disorders."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Depressive disorders."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Psychotic disorders"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Suicidal behavior"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 223 | Which of the following factors is NOT associated with good prognosis of conversion disorder? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Acute start"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Presence of stressors clearly identifiable at the beginning of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "High IQ"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Absence of other psychiatric disorders and legal processes."
},
{
"a... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 224 | Which of these statements is FALSE regarding stupor? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is an alteration of consciousness."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It can occur in melancholy."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It supposes a reversible state by moderate stimuli."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The term is used in states of mutism and reduction of ... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 225 | A 26-year-old woman with no previous psychiatric history, she went to the ER brought by her parents, who explained that she had been overactive, nervous, insomniac for a few days. They explain that he obsessively reviews the house's electrical installation in search of video cameras and microphones. In the interview, s... | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Obsessive compulsive disorder"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Schizophrenia."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Manic episode."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Psychosis due to the consumption of toxic substances."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Brain tumor."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 226 | We serve a patient who has just suffered a traffic accident. She is conscious and when taking the constants she has a systolic blood pressure of 70 mmHg and a heart rate of 45 beats / minute. In addition, the skin of the extremities is hot. What is the most likely cause of the shock? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hypovolemic shock"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Intrinsic cardiogenic shock."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Neurogenic shock"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Septic shock."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Obstructive cardiogenic shock."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 227 | A 44-year-old patient who suffers a traumatism due to a high intensity traffic accident. Upon admission to the hospital, he is conscious and oriented and manifests pain at the cervical and pelvic level as well as functional impotence in the right lower limb. The physical examination reveals a blood pressure of 100/60 m... | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a large pulmonary hemorrhage so the patient must be operated on urgently by thoracotomy."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Since it is an intrathoracic hemorrhage, spontaneous hemostasis is expected, so no therapeutic measures are indicated."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 228 | A 19-year-old man consulted for a 24-hour history of pain, swelling and functional impotence of the right knee accompanied by a fever of 38ºC. Physical examination reveals inflammatory signs and joint effusion in the right knee. The analytical data show a leukocytosis with neutrophilia and an elevation of the C-reactiv... | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Arthritis by microcrystals."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Reactive arthritis"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Bacterial infectious arthritis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Infectious arthritis due to mycobacteria."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Rheumatoid ar... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 229 | A 29-year-old woman, obese, with no history of interest, who consulted for a bilateral, intense, pulsatile headache lasting one month, accompanied by horizontal diplopia and episodes of monocular amaurosis of seconds duration. The exploration is normal, except for the presence of bilateral papilledema. Which of these t... | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ultrasound of supra-aortic trunks."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Magnetic resonance of the skull."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Electroencephalogram."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lumbar puncture."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Visual evoked potentials."
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 231 | All the following diseases can be accompanied by palpable splenomegaly, EXCEPT one. Indicate the latter: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Non-Hodgkin lymphoma."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Multiple myeloma."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Tricholeukemia."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Gaucher disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 233 | Adolescent of 16 years who consults for primary amenorrhea. He does not have medical-surgical history of interest. On physical examination, we found female secondary sex characteristics, female external genitalia, with stage III-IV breast development, scanty pubic and axillary hair. He presents a stature in the 90th pe... | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Klinefelter syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Kallman syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Constitutional growth retardation."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Congenital adrenal hyperplasia."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Complete androgenic insensi... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 234 | Which of the following parenteral vaccines is contraindicated during pregnancy? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Vaccine against tetanus."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Vaccine against measles."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Vaccine against whooping cough."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Vaccine against hepatitis B."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Vaccine against the flu... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_M | 2013 | medicine | 235 | In a patient with liver cirrhosis, which of the following is the most useful procedure for measuring the response of ascites to diuretic therapy? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Measure the volume of urine for 24 hours."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Measure the abdominal perimeter daily."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Determine each week the albumin gradient between serum and ascites."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Record the weight every... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 1 | The area that acts as a connection between automatic emotional responses and the control of complex behaviors, guiding behavior to control the manifestation of emotional responses, is: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The angular gyrus of the limbic system."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The convolution or lobe of the insula."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The prefrontal orbitofrontal or ventromedial cortex."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The thalamus"
},
{
"aid": 5,
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 2 | The reinforcement circuit can be activated by electrical stimulation of the mesolimbic system, originating in the ventral tegmental area and projecting: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "To the hippocampus, inhibiting the release of dopamine."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "To the nucleus accumbens, causing release of dopamine."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "To the prefrontal cortex, stimulating the release of glutamate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext"... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 3 | The islets of Langerhans of the pancreas secrete and release: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Cholecystokinin"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Insulin and glucagon."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Vasopressin"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Adrenaline and noradrenaline."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Prolactin"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 4 | With respect to the Sympathetic Nervous System or SNS, it points out the INCORRECT alternative: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Intervenes in the stress response, defined as \"fight or flight\"."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Increase blood pressure and heart rate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Dilate the bronchi."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It increases the activity of the sweat glands... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 5 | Exposure to androgens in a sensitive or critical period, at the beginning of development, causes masculinization of the sexual and behavioral organs. This effect has received the name of: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Motivational effect"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Effect of pheromones."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Activating effect."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Organizer effect."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Biological effect"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 6 | When the behaviors learned by repetition, such as driving, become automatic and routine, they become controlled by: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The primary motor cortex"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The prefrontal cortex."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The ganglia or basal nuclei."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The central nucleus of the amygdala."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The hippocampus."
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 7 | The neurofibrillary tangles are anomalous structures that are observed in Alzheimer's patients and that consist of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Neurons in process of extinction by accumulations of intertwined filaments of tau protein that alter the transport of substances in the cytoplasm."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Extracellular deposits containing a nucleus of beta-amylase protein surrounded by degenerating axons ... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 8 | Around one and a half years of age, during the sensorimotor period, the child is given "experiments" to discover new properties of the objects (throws things to observe the movement of falling, for example). This type of repeated behavior is called: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Schemes of second order."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Circular structures of experimentation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Secondary circular reactions."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Tertiary circular reactions."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Schemes of... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 9 | In the preoperative period (2-6 years) the child usually thinks that the things of nature (rivers, mountains, etc.) have been built by the human being. This feature is called: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Animism."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Realism."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Artificialism"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Utilitarianism."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Pre-operative error"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 10 | The pattern of attachment that is observed more frequently in children is: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Anxious attachment"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Anxious avoidant attachment."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ambivalent attachment"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Secure attachment"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Detachment."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 11 | From Piaget's epistemology, individuals are able to construct new schemes because they have inherited two intellectual functions that are: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Reinforcement and punishment."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Organization and adaptation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Assimilation and accommodation."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Self-regulation and assimilation."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Primary a... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 12 | If I can not learn my new phone number because I always see the first three digits of the old one, what is the name of that type of interference? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Proactive"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Retroactive."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Coactive"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Reactive"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Protoactive"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 13 | What are the characteristics that favor intrinsic motivation? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Self-determination and competence."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Condescension and complexity"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Routine and condescension."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Novelty and unpredictability."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Simplicity an... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 14 | What are the attributions to failure that are most likely to produce helplessness? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The internal, unstable and general attributions."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The internal attributions, stable and specific."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The external, stable and general attributions."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The internal, stable and gen... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 15 | What kind of memory can we use to plan what we have to do to arrive on time for an appointment next Tuesday? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Prospective report."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Autobiographical memory"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Episodic memory."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Semantic memory"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Procedural memory."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 16 | What is called the "hidden cost" of the reward? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "That the real value of the reward or reinforcement is not known."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A reduction of intrinsically motivated behavior, which can occur if an external reward is provided."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The fact that motivated behavior intrinsicall... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 17 | Which of the following emotions facilitates more exhaustive behaviors? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Sadness."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Go to."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Disgust."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Guilt."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Rage."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 18 | The minimum amount of auditory stimulation needed to begin to identify the lyrics of a song is a threshold: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Absolute."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Subliminal."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Differential."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Relative."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Musical."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 19 | What kind of learning manifests itself without obvious reinforcement? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Latent learning."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Vicarial learning."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Learning by insight."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Instrumental learning"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "None."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 20 | If I propose to a friend to solve a problem like the tower in Hanoi, I will be proposing a problem of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Transformation."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Induction of structures."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ordination."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Social relationships."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Complex analogies"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 21 | What sleep disorder with onset in childhood and adolescence has a lower family incidence? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Kleine-Levin syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Narcolepsy"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Circadian rhythm disorder, delayed sleep type."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Night terrors."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Somnambulism."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 22 | What feature or dimension of attention is most relevant when the child looks for a red paint in his school case full of other colors? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Orientation."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Flexibility."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Concentration."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Alert."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Persistence."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 23 | Which of the following is NOT a component of dry bed training for bedwetting? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The use of the alarm."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The positive practice"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The programmed awakening."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The positive reinforcement."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The sphincteric exercises."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 24 | According to Rehm's theory, what failure of the self-control process explains to a greater extent the pessimistic view of life in adolescent depression? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Selective attention to immediate consequences."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The establishment of unrealistic goals."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The erroneous attributions."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Deficit self-reinforcement."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 25 | What degree of mental disability corresponds to an IQ of thirty-six? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Mental disability limit."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Mild mental disability."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Moderate mental disability."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Severe mental disability."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Deep mental disability."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 26 | In what phases of the dream do the enuretic episodes occur? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "In the phases of light sleep."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "In the phases of deep sleep."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "In the phases of paradoxical sleep."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "In the dream phases."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Indistinctly in an... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 27 | With what explanatory theory of childhood phobias is the Napalkov effect more closely related? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The theory of the two factors of Mowrer."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The theory of the incubation of Eysenck."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The theory of social learning of Bandura."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The bioinformational theory of Lang's emotion."
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 28 | On Tuesday after dinner an eight-year-old boy asks permission to play with the video game console, but the parents refuse because it is too late and he has to go to bed the next day. The child starts giving the murga until the parents give in. According to the theoretical approach of Patterson's family coercion process... | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is punished positively."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is punished negatively."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Extinguishes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is reinforced positively."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is reinforced negatively."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 29 | What mineral deficit has been especially observed in pica cases? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Calcium deficit"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Zinc deficit."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Lead deficit"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Potassium deficit"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Sodium deficit"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 30 | In what kind of tasks do the attentional problems characteristic of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder manifest themselves? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Simple, novel and targeting tasks."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Complex, novel and capacity tasks."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Simple, routine and selection tasks."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Complex, novel and organizational tasks."
},
{
"aid": 5,
... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 31 | A teenager with obsessive-compulsive disorder phones the Toxicological Information Service to ask if he can safely use an insecticide for cockroaches. What is the name of this escape behavior? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ascertainment."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Rationalization."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Reinsurance."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ritualization"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Testing."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 32 | What tests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) compose the "free distractibility factor", in which children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder perform worse? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Understanding, Cubes and Keys."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Arithmetic, cartoons and puzzles."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Similarities, Digits and Incomplete Figures."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Arithmetic, Digits and Keys."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atex... |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 33 | What author proposes that the structure and functions of the personality are organized in three levels: dispositional traits, personal interests or concerns and life history? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pelechano"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Singer."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Coast."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "McAdams."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Pervin."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 34 | To which personality variable does the definition "tendency to experience negative emotions together with a high social inhibition"? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Depression."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Personality Type D."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Helplessness"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Type A behavior pattern"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hostility."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 35 | According to the theory of social learning of J.B. Rotter, both general and specific expectations are: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Goals or objectives."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Innate predispositions."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Judgments or beliefs."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Objective odds"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Incentives or reinforcers."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_P | 2013 | psychology | 36 | To what dimension (factor) of the NEO-PI-R do the facets of "feelings, ideas and values" correspond? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Neuroticism"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Openness to experience"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Amiability."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Responsibility."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Extraversion"
}
] |
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