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Tenten runs a weapon shop for ninjas. Today she is willing to sell n shurikens which cost 1, 2, ..., n ryo (local currency). During a day, Tenten will place the shurikens onto the showcase, which is empty at the beginning of the day. Her job is fairly s... |
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You are given an array of positive integers. While there are at least two equal elements, we will perform the following operation. We choose the smallest value $x$ that occurs in the array $2$ or more times. Take the first two occurrences of $x$ in this... |
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You are playing euchre and you want to know the new score after finishing a hand. There are two teams and each hand consists of 5 tricks. The team who wins the majority of the tricks will win points but the number of points varies. To determine the numb... |
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# Task
Miss X has only two combs in her possession, both of which are old and miss a tooth or two. She also has many purses of different length, in which she carries the combs. The only way they fit is horizontally and without overlapping. Given teeth'... |
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There are N students and M checkpoints on the xy-plane.
The coordinates of the i-th student (1 \leq i \leq N) is (a_i,b_i), and the coordinates of the checkpoint numbered j (1 \leq j \leq M) is (c_j,d_j).
When the teacher gives a signal, each student ... |
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AtCoDeer the deer has found two positive integers, a and b.
Determine whether the concatenation of a and b in this order is a square number.
-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ a,b ≤ 100
- a and b are integers.
-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard I... |
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In a strategic computer game "Settlers II" one has to build defense structures to expand and protect the territory. Let's take one of these buildings. At the moment the defense structure accommodates exactly n soldiers. Within this task we can assume th... |
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Recently, Duff has been practicing weight lifting. As a hard practice, Malek gave her a task. He gave her a sequence of weights. Weight of i-th of them is 2wi pounds. In each step, Duff can lift some of the remaining weights and throw them away. She doe... |
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There was an electronic store heist last night.
All keyboards which were in the store yesterday were numbered in ascending order from some integer number $x$. For example, if $x = 4$ and there were $3$ keyboards in the store, then the devices had indic... |
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Once Bob took a paper stripe of n squares (the height of the stripe is 1 square). In each square he wrote an integer number, possibly negative. He became interested in how many ways exist to cut this stripe into three pieces so that the sum of numbers f... |
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For this problem you must create a program that says who ate the last cookie. If the input is a string then "Zach" ate the cookie. If the input is a float or an int then "Monica" ate the cookie. If the input is anything else "the dog" ate the cookie. Th... |
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Let x be an array of integers x = [x_1, x_2, ..., x_n]. Let's define B(x) as a minimal size of a partition of x into subsegments such that all elements in each subsegment are equal. For example, B([3, 3, 6, 1, 6, 6, 6]) = 4 using next partition: [3, 3\ ... |
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You are going out for a walk, when you suddenly encounter N monsters. Each monster has a parameter called health, and the health of the i-th monster is h_i at the moment of encounter. A monster will vanish immediately when its health drops to 0 or below... |
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Ilya is an experienced player in tic-tac-toe on the 4 × 4 field. He always starts and plays with Xs. He played a lot of games today with his friend Arseny. The friends became tired and didn't finish the last game. It was Ilya's turn in the game when the... |
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Sehr Sus is an infinite hexagonal grid as pictured below, controlled by MennaFadali, ZerooCool and Hosssam.
They love equilateral triangles and want to create $n$ equilateral triangles on the grid by adding some straight lines. The triangles must all b... |
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Given N integers A_1, ..., A_N, compute A_1 \times ... \times A_N.
However, if the result exceeds 10^{18}, print -1 instead.
-----Constraints-----
- 2 \leq N \leq 10^5
- 0 \leq A_i \leq 10^{18}
- All values in input are integers.
-----Input-----
In... |
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There are n workers in a company, each of them has a unique id from 1 to n. Exaclty one of them is a chief, his id is s. Each worker except the chief has exactly one immediate superior.
There was a request to each of the workers to tell how how many su... |
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Once upon a time, Oolimry saw a suffix array. He wondered how many strings can produce this suffix array.
More formally, given a suffix array of length $n$ and having an alphabet size $k$, count the number of strings that produce such a suffix array.
... |
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We have N squares assigned the numbers 1,2,3,\ldots,N. Each square has an integer written on it, and the integer written on Square i is a_i.
How many squares i satisfy both of the following conditions?
* The assigned number, i, is odd.
* The written i... |
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Firecrackers scare Nian the monster, but they're wayyyyy too noisy! Maybe fireworks make a nice complement.
Little Tommy is watching a firework show. As circular shapes spread across the sky, a splendid view unfolds on the night of Lunar New Year's eve... |
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Dima the hamster enjoys nibbling different things: cages, sticks, bad problemsetters and even trees!
Recently he found a binary search tree and instinctively nibbled all of its edges, hence messing up the vertices. Dima knows that if Andrew, who has be... |
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-----Problem Statement-----
Write a program that accepts a number, n, and outputs the same.
-----Input-----
The only line contains a single integer.
-----Output-----
Output the answer in a single line.
-----Constraints-----
- 0 ≤ n ≤ 105
-----Sampl... |
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As the students are back in hostel after a long time, the gamers have decided to have a LAN gaming competition to find out who has utilized his time in gaming during vacations. They play "Counter ATOD". However, the scoring of this game is weird. There ... |
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Drazil likes heap very much. So he created a problem with heap:
There is a max heap with a height h implemented on the array. The details of this heap are the following:
This heap contains exactly 2^h - 1 distinct positive non-zero integers. All integ... |
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You have $n$ sticks of the given lengths.
Your task is to choose exactly four of them in such a way that they can form a rectangle. No sticks can be cut to pieces, each side of the rectangle must be formed by a single stick. No stick can be chosen mult... |
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Initially Ildar has an empty array. He performs $n$ steps. On each step he takes a subset of integers already added to the array and appends the mex of this subset to the array.
The mex of an multiset of integers is the smallest non-negative integer n... |
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Given are a positive integer N and a string S of length N consisting of lowercase English letters.
Determine whether the string is a concatenation of two copies of some string.
That is, determine whether there is a string T such that S = T + T.
-----Co... |
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In this task you need to process a set of stock exchange orders and use them to create order book.
An order is an instruction of some participant to buy or sell stocks on stock exchange. The order number i has price p_{i}, direction d_{i} — buy or sell... |
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Problem C Medical Checkup
Students of the university have to go for a medical checkup, consisting of lots of checkup items, numbered 1, 2, 3, and so on.
Students are now forming a long queue, waiting for the checkup to start. Students are also numbere... |
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Vasya has found a piece of paper with an array written on it. The array consists of n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}. Vasya noticed that the following condition holds for the array a_{i} ≤ a_{i} + 1 ≤ 2·a_{i} for any positive integer i (i < n).
Vasya wa... |
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Generate and return **all** possible increasing arithmetic progressions of six primes `[a, b, c, d, e, f]` between the given limits. Note: the upper and lower limits are inclusive.
An arithmetic progression is a sequence where the difference between co... |
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В самолёте есть n рядов мест. Если смотреть на ряды сверху, то в каждом ряду есть 3 места слева, затем проход между рядами, затем 4 центральных места, затем ещё один проход между рядами, а затем ещё 3 места справа.
Известно, что некоторые места уже зан... |
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When Petya went to school, he got interested in large numbers and what they were called in ancient times. For instance, he learned that the Russian word "tma" (which now means "too much to be counted") used to stand for a thousand and "tma tmyschaya" (w... |
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Vasya is studying in the last class of school and soon he will take exams. He decided to study polynomials. Polynomial is a function P(x) = a_0 + a_1x^1 + ... + a_{n}x^{n}. Numbers a_{i} are called coefficients of a polynomial, non-negative integer n is... |
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# Introduction
Ka ka ka cypher is a cypher used by small children in some country. When a girl wants to pass something to the other girls and there are some boys nearby, she can use Ka cypher. So only the other girls are able to understand her.
She s... |
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This function should test if the `factor` is a factor of `base`.
Return `true` if it is a factor or `false` if it is not.
## About factors
Factors are numbers you can multiply together to get another number.
2 and 3 are factors of 6 because: `2 * 3 =... |
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Shaass has decided to hunt some birds. There are n horizontal electricity wires aligned parallel to each other. Wires are numbered 1 to n from top to bottom. On each wire there are some oskols sitting next to each other. Oskol is the name of a delicious... |
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An atom of element X can exist in n distinct states with energies E_1 < E_2 < ... < E_{n}. Arkady wants to build a laser on this element, using a three-level scheme. Here is a simplified description of the scheme.
Three distinct states i, j and k are ... |
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Given are strings S and T. Consider changing S to T by repeating the operation below. Find the minimum number of operations required to do so.
Operation: Choose one character of S and replace it with a different character.
-----Constraints-----
- S an... |
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Given a side length `n`, traveling only right and down how many ways are there to get from the top left corner to the bottom right corner of an `n by n` grid?
Your mission is to write a program to do just that!
Add code to `route(n)` that returns the ... |
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You are given two rectangles on a plane. The centers of both rectangles are located in the origin of coordinates (meaning the center of the rectangle's symmetry). The first rectangle's sides are parallel to the coordinate axes: the length of the side th... |
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Let's assume that
* v(n) is the largest prime number, that does not exceed n;
* u(n) is the smallest prime number strictly greater than n.
Find <image>.
Input
The first line contains integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 500) — the number of testscases.
Each... |
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Caracal is fighting with a monster.
The health of the monster is H.
Caracal can attack by choosing one monster. When a monster is attacked, depending on that monster's health, the following happens:
- If the monster's health is 1, it drops to 0.
- If ... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Vietnamese as well.
Eugene loves sequences, especially arithmetic progressions. One day he was asked to solve a difficult problem.
If a sequence of numbers A_{1}, A_{2}, ... , A_{N} form an ar... |
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Alice and Borys are playing tennis.
A tennis match consists of games. In each game, one of the players is serving and the other one is receiving.
Players serve in turns: after a game where Alice is serving follows a game where Borys is serving, and vi... |
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Polycarpus has a ribbon, its length is n. He wants to cut the ribbon in a way that fulfils the following two conditions:
* After the cutting each ribbon piece should have length a, b or c.
* After the cutting the number of ribbon pieces should be... |
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There are $n$ bags with candies, initially the $i$-th bag contains $i$ candies. You want all the bags to contain an equal amount of candies in the end.
To achieve this, you will:
Choose $m$ such that $1 \le m \le 1000$
Perform $m$ operations. In the ... |
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Create a function xMasTree(height) that returns a christmas tree of the correct height. The height is passed through to the function and the function should return a list containing each line of the tree.
```
xMasTree(5) should return : ['____#____', '... |
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In the year of 30XX participants of some world programming championship live in a single large hotel. The hotel has n floors. Each floor has m sections with a single corridor connecting all of them. The sections are enumerated from 1 to m along the corr... |
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problem
Chairman K is a regular customer of the JOI pizza shop in the center of JOI city. For some reason, he decided to start a life-saving life this month. So he wanted to order the pizza with the highest calories per dollar among the pizzas he could... |
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You have an array $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ consisting of $n$ distinct integers. You are allowed to perform the following operation on it:
Choose two elements from the array $a_i$ and $a_j$ ($i \ne j$) such that $\gcd(a_i, a_j)$ is not present in the arra... |
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A: Isono, let's do that! --Sendame -
story
Nakajima "Isono ~, let's do that!"
Isono "What is that, Nakajima"
Nakajima "Look, that's that. It's hard to explain because I have to express it in letters for some reason."
Isono "No, it seems that you ca... |
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Polycarp is going to participate in the contest. It starts at $h_1:m_1$ and ends at $h_2:m_2$. It is guaranteed that the contest lasts an even number of minutes (i.e. $m_1 \% 2 = m_2 \% 2$, where $x \% y$ is $x$ modulo $y$). It is also guaranteed that t... |
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There are n problems prepared for the next Codeforces round. They are arranged in ascending order by their difficulty, and no two problems have the same difficulty. Moreover, there are m pairs of similar problems. Authors want to split problems between ... |
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Recently a serious bug has been found in the FOS code. The head of the F company wants to find the culprit and punish him. For that, he set up an organizational meeting, the issue is: who's bugged the code? Each of the n coders on the meeting said: 'I k... |
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Takahashi has N days of summer vacation.
His teacher gave him M summer assignments. It will take A_i days for him to do the i-th assignment.
He cannot do multiple assignments on the same day, or hang out on a day he does an assignment.
What is the maxim... |
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— This is not playing but duty as allies of justice, Nii-chan!
— Not allies but justice itself, Onii-chan!
With hands joined, go everywhere at a speed faster than our thoughts! This time, the Fire Sisters — Karen and Tsukihi — is heading for somewhere... |
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Stepan likes to repeat vowel letters when he writes words. For example, instead of the word "pobeda" he can write "pobeeeedaaaaa".
Sergey does not like such behavior, so he wants to write a program to format the words written by Stepan. This program mu... |
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500-yen Saving
"500-yen Saving" is one of Japanese famous methods to save money. The method is quite simple; whenever you receive a 500-yen coin in your change of shopping, put the coin to your 500-yen saving box. Typically, you will find more than one... |
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Holidays have finished. Thanks to the help of the hacker Leha, Noora managed to enter the university of her dreams which is located in a town Pavlopolis. It's well known that universities provide students with dormitory for the period of university stud... |
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There is an infinite board of square tiles. Initially all tiles are white.
Vova has a red marker and a blue marker. Red marker can color $a$ tiles. Blue marker can color $b$ tiles. If some tile isn't white then you can't use marker of any color on it. ... |
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CQXYM is counting permutations length of $2n$.
A permutation is an array consisting of $n$ distinct integers from $1$ to $n$ in arbitrary order. For example, $[2,3,1,5,4]$ is a permutation, but $[1,2,2]$ is not a permutation ($2$ appears twice in the a... |
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Write a function that takes a single array as an argument (containing multiple strings and/or positive numbers and/or arrays), and returns one of four possible string values, depending on the ordering of the lengths of the elements in the input array:
... |
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You are a mayor of Berlyatov. There are $n$ districts and $m$ two-way roads between them. The $i$-th road connects districts $x_i$ and $y_i$. The cost of travelling along this road is $w_i$. There is some path between each pair of districts, so the city... |
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Suppose $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ is a sorted integer sequence of length $n$ such that $a_1 \leq a_2 \leq \dots \leq a_n$.
For every $1 \leq i \leq n$, the prefix sum $s_i$ of the first $i$ terms $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_i$ is defined by $$ s_i = \sum_{k=1}^i ... |
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A number is called almost prime if it has exactly two distinct prime divisors. For example, numbers 6, 18, 24 are almost prime, while 4, 8, 9, 42 are not. Find the amount of almost prime numbers which are between 1 and n, inclusive.
Input
Input contai... |
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Vasya had a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers a_1, ..., a_{n}. Vasya used it to build a new sequence b_1, ..., b_{n}, where b_{i} is the sum of digits of a_{i}'s decimal representation. Then sequence a_{i} got lost and all that remained ... |
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#Permutation position
In this kata you will have to permutate through a string of lowercase letters, each permutation will start at ```a``` and you must calculate how many iterations it takes to reach the current permutation.
##examples
```
input: 'a'... |
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DNA is a biomolecule that carries genetic information. It is composed of four different building blocks, called nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G). Two DNA strands join to form a double helix, whereby the nucleotides of ... |
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My little sister came back home from school with the following task:
given a squared sheet of paper she has to cut it in pieces
which, when assembled, give squares the sides of which form
an increasing sequence of numbers.
At the beginning it was lot of... |
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The Smart Beaver from ABBYY decided to have a day off. But doing nothing the whole day turned out to be too boring, and he decided to play a game with pebbles. Initially, the Beaver has n pebbles. He arranges them in a equal rows, each row has b pebbles... |
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Let's assume that we are given a matrix b of size x × y, let's determine the operation of mirroring matrix b. The mirroring of matrix b is a 2x × y matrix c which has the following properties:
the upper half of matrix c (rows with numbers from 1 to x... |
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You are given undirected weighted graph. Find the length of the shortest cycle which starts from the vertex 1 and passes throught all the edges at least once. Graph may contain multiply edges between a pair of vertices and loops (edges from the vertex t... |
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The Smart Beaver from ABBYY came up with another splendid problem for the ABBYY Cup participants! This time the Beaver invites the contest participants to check out a problem on sorting documents by their subjects. Let's describe the problem:
You've go... |
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Write function describeList which returns "empty" if the list is empty or "singleton" if it contains only one element or "longer"" if more.
Write your solution by modifying this code:
```python
def describeList(list):
```
Your solution should imple... |
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Given a string of words and numbers. Extract the expression including:
1. the operator: either addition or subtraction
2. the two numbers that we are operating on
Return the result of the calculation.
Example:
"Panda has 48 apples and loses 4" retur... |
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Ivan plays an old action game called Heretic. He's stuck on one of the final levels of this game, so he needs some help with killing the monsters.
The main part of the level is a large corridor (so large and narrow that it can be represented as an infi... |
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There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.
Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:
B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})
Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.
-----Constraint... |
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At the big break Nastya came to the school dining room. There are $n$ pupils in the school, numbered from $1$ to $n$. Unfortunately, Nastya came pretty late, so that all pupils had already stood in the queue, i.e. Nastya took the last place in the queue... |
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Takahashi participated in a contest on AtCoder.
The contest had N problems.
Takahashi made M submissions during the contest.
The i-th submission was made for the p_i-th problem and received the verdict S_i (AC or WA).
The number of Takahashi's correct a... |
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A series or sequence of numbers is usually the product of a function and can either be infinite or finite.
In this kata we will only consider finite series and you are required to return a code according to the type of sequence:
|Code|Type|Example|
|-... |
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Let S(n) denote the sum of the digits in the decimal notation of n.
For example, S(101) = 1 + 0 + 1 = 2.
Given an integer N, determine if S(N) divides N.
-----Constraints-----
- 1 \leq N \leq 10^9
-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard Input in... |
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Grandma Laura came to the market to sell some apples. During the day she sold all the apples she had. But grandma is old, so she forgot how many apples she had brought to the market.
She precisely remembers she had n buyers and each of them bought exac... |
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Let's say you are standing on the $XY$-plane at point $(0, 0)$ and you want to reach point $(n, n)$.
You can move only in two directions:
to the right, i. e. horizontally and in the direction that increase your $x$ coordinate,
or up, i. e. vertically... |
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Mr. F has n positive integers, a_1, a_2, …, a_n.
He thinks the greatest common divisor of these integers is too small. So he wants to enlarge it by removing some of the integers.
But this problem is too simple for him, so he does not want to do it by ... |
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You've got a rectangular parallelepiped with integer edge lengths. You know the areas of its three faces that have a common vertex. Your task is to find the sum of lengths of all 12 edges of this parallelepiped.
Input
The first and the single line con... |
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Alice and Bob are playing a game on a line with n cells. There are n cells labeled from 1 through n. For each i from 1 to n-1, cells i and i+1 are adjacent.
Alice initially has a token on some cell on the line, and Bob tries to guess where it is.
Bob... |
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She loves e-mail so much! She sends e-mails by her cellular phone to her friends when she has breakfast, she talks with other friends, and even when she works in the library! Her cellular phone has somewhat simple layout (Figure 1). Pushing button 1 onc... |
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Character recognition software is widely used to digitise printed texts. Thus the texts can be edited, searched and stored on a computer.
When documents (especially pretty old ones written with a typewriter), are digitised character recognition softwar... |
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Your job is to write a function which increments a string, to create a new string.
- If the string already ends with a number, the number should be incremented by 1.
- If the string does not end with a number. the number 1 should be appended to the new... |
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Alice and Bob begin their day with a quick game. They first choose a starting number X_0 ≥ 3 and try to reach one million by the process described below.
Alice goes first and then they take alternating turns. In the i-th turn, the player whose turn it... |
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Petya loves lucky numbers very much. Everybody knows that lucky numbers are positive integers whose decimal record contains only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.
Petya loves long lucky numbers ... |
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What joy! Petya's parents went on a business trip for the whole year and the playful kid is left all by himself. Petya got absolutely happy. He jumped on the bed and threw pillows all day long, until...
Today Petya opened the cupboard and found a scar... |
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Valerian was captured by Shapur. The victory was such a great one that Shapur decided to carve a scene of Valerian's defeat on a mountain. So he had to find the best place to make his victory eternal!
He decided to visit all n cities of Persia to find ... |
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A cricket team consists of 11 players and some are good at batting, others are good at bowling and some of them are good at both batting and bowling. The batting coach wants to select exactly K players having maximum possible sum of scores. Given the ba... |
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Alice and Bob are playing a game on a line with $n$ cells. There are $n$ cells labeled from $1$ through $n$. For each $i$ from $1$ to $n-1$, cells $i$ and $i+1$ are adjacent.
Alice initially has a token on some cell on the line, and Bob tries to guess ... |
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Вася купил стол, у которого n ножек. Каждая ножка состоит из двух частей, которые соединяются друг с другом. Каждая часть может быть произвольной положительной длины, но гарантируется, что из всех 2n частей возможно составить n ножек одинаковой длины. П... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Soroush and Keshi each have a labeled and rooted tree on n vertices. Both of their trees are rooted from vertex 1.
Soroush and Keshi used to be at war. After endless decades of fighting, they finally became allies to prepare a Codeforces round. To cele... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
People do many crazy things to stand out in a crowd. Some of them dance, some learn by heart rules of Russian language, some try to become an outstanding competitive programmers, while others collect funny math objects.
Alis is among these collectors. ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
A bracket sequence is a string containing only characters "(" and ")". A regular bracket sequence is a bracket sequence that can be transformed into a correct arithmetic expression by inserting characters "1" and "+" between the original characters of t... |
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