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Jett is tired after destroying the town and she wants to have a rest. She likes high places, that's why for having a rest she wants to get high and she decided to craft staircases.
A staircase is a squared figure that consists of square cells. Each sta... |
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You are given an array $a$ consisting of $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$.
Your problem is to find such pair of indices $i, j$ ($1 \le i < j \le n$) that $lcm(a_i, a_j)$ is minimum possible.
$lcm(x, y)$ is the least common multiple of $x$ and $y$ (... |
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Today, as a friendship gift, Bakry gave Badawy $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ and challenged him to choose an integer $X$ such that the value $\underset{1 \leq i \leq n}{\max} (a_i \oplus X)$ is minimum possible, where $\oplus$ denotes the bitwise ... |
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Taro has decided to move. Taro has a lot of luggage, so I decided to ask a moving company to carry the luggage. Since there are various weights of luggage, I asked them to arrange them in order from the lightest one for easy understanding, but the mover... |
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Two moving objects A and B are moving accross the same orbit (those can be anything: two planets, two satellites, two spaceships,two flying saucers, or spiderman with batman if you prefer).
If the two objects start to move from the same point and the or... |
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You've got string s, consisting of only lowercase English letters. Find its lexicographically maximum subsequence.
We'll call a non-empty string s[p1p2... pk] = sp1sp2... spk(1 ≤ p1 < p2 < ... < pk ≤ |s|) a subsequence of string s = s1s2... s|s|.
Stri... |
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For given a circle $c$ and a line $l$, print the coordinates of the cross points of them.
Constraints
* $p1$ and $p2$ are different
* The circle and line have at least one cross point
* $1 \leq q \leq 1,000$
* $-10,000 \leq cx, cy, x1, y1, x2, y2 \leq... |
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As a German University in Cairo (GUC) student and a basketball player, Herr Wafa was delighted once he heard the news. GUC is finally participating in the Annual Basketball Competition (ABC).
A team is to be formed of n players, all of which are GUC s... |
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The clique problem is one of the most well-known NP-complete problems. Under some simplification it can be formulated as follows. Consider an undirected graph G. It is required to find a subset of vertices C of the maximum size such that any two of them... |
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DZY loves Physics, and he enjoys calculating density.
Almost everything has density, even a graph. We define the density of a non-directed graph (nodes and edges of the graph have some values) as follows: $\left\{\begin{array}{ll}{\frac{v}{e}} & {(e > ... |
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# Definition (Primorial Of a Number)
*Is similar to factorial of a number*, **_In primorial_**, not all the natural numbers get multiplied, **_only prime numbers are multiplied to calculate the primorial of a number_**. It's denoted with **_P_****_#_**... |
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You are enthusiastic about the popular web game "Moonlight Ranch". The purpose of this game is to grow crops in the fields, sell them to earn income, and use that income to grow the ranch.
You wanted to grow the field quickly. Therefore, we decided to ... |
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Let's call some positive integer classy if its decimal representation contains no more than $3$ non-zero digits. For example, numbers $4$, $200000$, $10203$ are classy and numbers $4231$, $102306$, $7277420000$ are not.
You are given a segment $[L; R]$... |
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Seryozha conducts a course dedicated to building a map of heights of Stepanovo recreation center. He laid a rectangle grid of size $n \times m$ cells on a map (rows of grid are numbered from $1$ to $n$ from north to south, and columns are numbered from ... |
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Natasha is planning an expedition to Mars for $n$ people. One of the important tasks is to provide food for each participant.
The warehouse has $m$ daily food packages. Each package has some food type $a_i$.
Each participant must eat exactly one food ... |
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You need to execute several tasks, each associated with number of processors it needs, and the compute power it will consume.
You have sufficient number of analog computers, each with enough processors for any task. Each computer can execute up to one ... |
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Two participants are each given a pair of distinct numbers from 1 to 9 such that there's exactly one number that is present in both pairs. They want to figure out the number that matches by using a communication channel you have access to without reveal... |
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Consider the number triangle below, in which each number is equal to the number above plus the number to the left. If there is no number above, assume it's a `0`.
The triangle has `5` rows and the sum of the last row is `sum([1,4,9,14,14]) = 42`.
You ... |
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The AKS algorithm for testing whether a number is prime is a polynomial-time test based on the following theorem:
A number p is prime if and only if all the coefficients of the polynomial expansion of `(x − 1)^p − (x^p − 1)` are divisible by `p`.
For... |
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There are n cities in Berland. Each city has its index — an integer number from 1 to n. The capital has index r1. All the roads in Berland are two-way. The road system is such that there is exactly one path from the capital to each city, i.e. the road m... |
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Every year a race takes place on the motorway between cities A and B. This year Vanya decided to take part in the race and drive his own car that has been around and bears its own noble name — The Huff-puffer.
So, Vasya leaves city A on the Huff-puffer... |
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The Little Elephant has an integer a, written in the binary notation. He wants to write this number on a piece of paper.
To make sure that the number a fits on the piece of paper, the Little Elephant ought to delete exactly one any digit from number a ... |
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Even if the world is full of counterfeits, I still regard it as wonderful.
Pile up herbs and incense, and arise again from the flames and ashes of its predecessor — as is known to many, the phoenix does it like this.
The phoenix has a rather long life... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian as well.
In every contest there should be an easy problem about matrices. December Cook-Off is not an exception.
Given a matrix A which consists of n rows and m columns, and contains integer nu... |
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Having bought his own apartment, Boris decided to paper the walls in every room. Boris's flat has n rooms, each of which has the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. For every room we known its length, width and height of the walls in meters (different... |
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To decide which is the strongest among Rock, Paper, and Scissors, we will hold an RPS tournament.
There are 2^k players in this tournament, numbered 0 through 2^k-1. Each player has his/her favorite hand, which he/she will use in every match.
A string s... |
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Arthur owns a ski resort on a mountain. There are $n$ landing spots on the mountain numbered from $1$ to $n$ from the top to the foot of the mountain. The spots are connected with one-directional ski tracks. All tracks go towards the foot of the mountai... |
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Your city has n junctions. There are m one-way roads between the junctions. As a mayor of the city, you have to ensure the security of all the junctions.
To ensure the security, you have to build some police checkposts. Checkposts can only be built in ... |
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Read the coordinates of four different points on the plane, $ A (x_A, y_A) $, $ B (x_B, y_B) $, $ C (x_C, y_C) $, $ D (x_D, y_D) $, and straight line $ Create a program that outputs YES if AB $ and $ CD $ are orthogonal, and NO if they are not orthogona... |
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You know combinations: for example,
if you take 5 cards from a 52 cards deck you have 2,598,960 different combinations.
In mathematics the number of x combinations you can take from a set of n elements
is called the binomial coefficient of n and x, or... |
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problem
There are the following two-player card games.
* This game uses a total of 2n cards with each integer from 1 to 2n written on it. Here, n is an integer between 1 and 100.
* Deal n cards to each of the two.
* Put cards into play alternately one... |
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Have you ever played Hanabi? If not, then you've got to try it out! This problem deals with a simplified version of the game.
Overall, the game has 25 types of cards (5 distinct colors and 5 distinct values). Borya is holding n cards. The game is somew... |
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Welcome to PC Koshien, players. At PC Koshien, competitions are currently being held in a total of three categories: programming category, mobile category, and Ichimai's picture CG category.
Given the number of participants in each department, create a... |
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Phone number in Berland is a sequence of n digits. Often, to make it easier to memorize the number, it is divided into groups of two or three digits. For example, the phone number 1198733 is easier to remember as 11-987-33. Your task is to find for a gi... |
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You are given N points on a plane. Write a program which will find the sum of squares of distances between all pairs of points.
Input
The first line of input contains one integer number N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100 000) — the number of points. Each of the following... |
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Implement `String#to_cents`, which should parse prices expressed as `$1.23` and return number of cents, or in case of bad format return `nil`.
Write your solution by modifying this code:
```python
def to_cents(amount):
```
Your solution should impl... |
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Let's call a sequence $b_1, b_2, b_3 \dots, b_{k - 1}, b_k$ almost increasing if $$\min(b_1, b_2) \le \min(b_2, b_3) \le \dots \le \min(b_{k - 1}, b_k).$$ In particular, any sequence with no more than two elements is almost increasing.
You are given a ... |
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Many years ago Berland was a small country where only $n$ people lived. Each person had some savings: the $i$-th one had $a_i$ burles.
The government considered a person as wealthy if he had at least $x$ burles. To increase the number of wealthy people... |
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A subsequence of length |x| of string s = s1s2... s|s| (where |s| is the length of string s) is a string x = sk1sk2... sk|x| (1 ≤ k1 < k2 < ... < k|x| ≤ |s|).
You've got two strings — s and t. Let's consider all subsequences of string s, coinciding wit... |
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You are given integers N and K. Find the number of triples (a,b,c) of positive integers not greater than N such that a+b,b+c and c+a are all multiples of K.
The order of a,b,c does matter, and some of them can be the same.
-----Constraints-----
- 1 \l... |
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Check if given numbers are prime numbers.
If number N is prime ```return "Probable Prime"``` else ``` return "Composite"```.
HINT: Upper bount is really big so you should use an efficient algorithm.
Input
1 < N ≤ 10^(100)
Example
prime_or_compos... |
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Vasily has a number a, which he wants to turn into a number b. For this purpose, he can do two types of operations: multiply the current number by 2 (that is, replace the number x by 2·x); append the digit 1 to the right of current number (that is, re... |
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<image>
Input
The input contains two integers a, b (1 ≤ a ≤ 10, 0 ≤ b ≤ 22·a - 1) separated by a single space.
Output
Output two integers separated by a single space.
Examples
Input
1 0
Output
0 0
Input
2 15
Output
3 0
Input
4 160
O... |
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The Little Elephant loves Ukraine very much. Most of all he loves town Rozdol (ukr. "Rozdil").
However, Rozdil is dangerous to settle, so the Little Elephant wants to go to some other town. The Little Elephant doesn't like to spend much time on travell... |
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You are given a string s consisting of `A`, `B` and `C`.
Snuke wants to perform the following operation on s as many times as possible:
* Choose a contiguous substring of s that reads `ABC` and replace it with `BCA`.
Find the maximum possible numbe... |
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Polycarpus is the director of a large corporation. There are n secretaries working for the corporation, each of them corresponds via the famous Spyke VoIP system during the day. We know that when two people call each other via Spyke, the Spyke network a... |
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While doing some spring cleaning, Daniel found an old calculator that he loves so much. However, it seems like it is broken. When he tries to compute $1 + 3$ using the calculator, he gets $2$ instead of $4$. But when he tries computing $1 + 4$, he gets ... |
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Lately, Mr. Chanek frequently plays the game Arena of Greed. As the name implies, the game's goal is to find the greediest of them all, who will then be crowned king of Compfestnesia.
The game is played by two people taking turns, where Mr. Chanek take... |
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The annual college sports-ball tournament is approaching, which for trademark reasons we'll refer to as Third Month Insanity. There are a total of 2^{N} teams participating in the tournament, numbered from 1 to 2^{N}. The tournament lasts N rounds, with... |
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Nezzar has a binary string s of length n that he wants to share with his best friend, Nanako. Nanako will spend q days inspecting the binary string. At the same time, Nezzar wants to change the string s into string f during these q days, because it look... |
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For a positive integer n, let us define f(n) as the number of digits in base 10.
You are given an integer S.
Count the number of the pairs of positive integers (l, r) (l \leq r) such that f(l) + f(l + 1) + ... + f(r) = S, and find the count modulo 10^9 ... |
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You are given a chessboard consisting of $n$ rows and $n$ columns. Rows are numbered from bottom to top from $1$ to $n$. Columns are numbered from left to right from $1$ to $n$. The cell at the intersection of the $x$-th column and the $y$-th row is den... |
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Kris works in a large company "Blake Technologies". As a best engineer of the company he was assigned a task to develop a printer that will be able to print horizontal and vertical strips. First prototype is already built and Kris wants to tests it. He ... |
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Yeah, we failed to make up a New Year legend for this problem.
A permutation of length $n$ is an array of $n$ integers such that every integer from $1$ to $n$ appears in it exactly once.
An element $y$ of permutation $p$ is reachable from element $x$... |
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There are n games in a football tournament. Three teams are participating in it. Currently k games had already been played.
You are an avid football fan, but recently you missed the whole k games. Fortunately, you remember a guess of your friend for t... |
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Amugae has a hotel consisting of $10$ rooms. The rooms are numbered from $0$ to $9$ from left to right.
The hotel has two entrances — one from the left end, and another from the right end. When a customer arrives to the hotel through the left entrance,... |
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For given n points in metric space, find the distance of the closest points.
Constraints
* 2 ≤ n ≤ 100,000
* -100 ≤ x, y ≤ 100
Input
n
x0 y0
x1 y1
:
xn-1 yn-1
The first integer n is the number of points.
In the following n lines, the coordinate ... |
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### Task
King Arthur and his knights are having a New Years party. Last year Lancelot was jealous of Arthur, because Arthur had a date and Lancelot did not, and they started a duel.
To prevent this from happening again, Arthur wants to make sure that... |
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The Menger Sponge is a three-dimensional fractal, first described by Karl Menger in 1926.
###### _An illustration of the iterative construction of a Menger sponge_
A method of constructing ... |
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One day Squidward, Spongebob and Patrick decided to go to the beach. Unfortunately, the weather was bad, so the friends were unable to ride waves. However, they decided to spent their time building sand castles.
At the end of the day there were n castl... |
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This is a story of a world somewhere far from the earth. In this world, the land is parted into a number of countries ruled by empires. This world is not very peaceful: they have been involved in army race.
They are competing in production of missiles ... |
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Because of budget cuts one IT company established new non-financial reward system instead of bonuses.
Two kinds of actions are rewarded: fixing critical bugs and suggesting new interesting features. A man who fixed a critical bug gets "I fixed a critic... |
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Roma is playing a new expansion for his favorite game World of Darkraft. He made a new character and is going for his first grind.
Roma has a choice to buy exactly one of n different weapons and exactly one of m different armor sets. Weapon i has attac... |
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We guessed some integer number $x$. You are given a list of almost all its divisors. Almost all means that there are all divisors except $1$ and $x$ in the list.
Your task is to find the minimum possible integer $x$ that can be the guessed number, or s... |
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According to the regulations of Berland's army, a reconnaissance unit should consist of exactly two soldiers. Since these two soldiers shouldn't differ much, their heights can differ by at most d centimeters. Captain Bob has n soldiers in his detachment... |
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# Task
In the Land Of Chess, bishops don't really like each other. In fact, when two bishops happen to stand on the same diagonal, they immediately rush towards the opposite ends of that same diagonal.
Given the initial positions (in chess notation) ... |
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Alyona's mother wants to present an array of n non-negative integers to Alyona. The array should be special.
Alyona is a capricious girl so after she gets the array, she inspects m of its subarrays. Subarray is a set of some subsequent elements of the... |
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Polycarpus has postcards and photos hung in a row on the wall. He decided to put them away to the closet and hang on the wall a famous painter's picture. Polycarpus does it like that: he goes from the left to the right and removes the objects consecutiv... |
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[INSPION FullBand Master - INSPION](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwsciXm_7sA)
[INSPION - IOLITE-SUNSTONE](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwsciXm_7sA)
On another floor of the A.R.C. Markland-N, the young man Simon "Xenon" Jackson, takes a break aft... |
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You are given an array $a$ of $n$ integers and an integer $s$. It is guaranteed that $n$ is odd.
In one operation you can either increase or decrease any single element by one. Calculate the minimum number of operations required to make the median of t... |
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For a given weighted graph $G = (V, E)$, find the shortest path from a source to each vertex. For each vertex $u$, print the total weight of edges on the shortest path from vertex $0$ to $u$.
Constraints
* $1 \leq n \leq 10,000$
* $0 \leq c_i \leq 100... |
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Dima is a beginner programmer. During his working process, he regularly has to repeat the following operation again and again: to remove every second element from the array. One day he has been bored with easy solutions of this problem, and he has come ... |
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Given is a three-digit integer N. Does N contain the digit 7?
If so, print Yes; otherwise, print No.
-----Constraints-----
- 100 \leq N \leq 999
-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N
-----Output-----
If N cont... |
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You are given two binary strings $x$ and $y$, which are binary representations of some two integers (let's denote these integers as $f(x)$ and $f(y)$). You can choose any integer $k \ge 0$, calculate the expression $s_k = f(x) + f(y) \cdot 2^k$ and writ... |
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Let's assume that v(n) is the largest prime number, that does not exceed n;
u(n) is the smallest prime number strictly greater than n.
Find $\sum_{i = 2}^{n} \frac{1}{v(i) u(i)}$.
-----Input-----
The first line contains integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 500) ... |
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There is little time left before the release of the first national operating system BerlOS. Some of its components are not finished yet — the memory manager is among them. According to the developers' plan, in the first release the memory manager will b... |
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A palindrome is a word, phrase, number, or other sequence of characters which reads the same backward as forward. Examples of numerical palindromes are: `2332, 110011, 54322345`
For a given number ```num```, write a function which returns an array of a... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Vietnamese as well.
Arrays have fallen out of Chef's good books, and he plans to destroy all arrays he possesses. He is left with the last array A, consisting of N positive integers. In order ... |
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Thanos sort is a supervillain sorting algorithm, which works as follows: if the array is not sorted, snap your fingers* to remove the first or the second half of the items, and repeat the process.
Given an input array, what is the size of the longest s... |
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Write a program that takes in a letterclass ID of a ship and display the equivalent string class description of the given ID. Use the table below.
Class ID Ship ClassB or bBattleShipC or cCruiserD or dDestroyerF or fFrigate
-----Input-----
The first ... |
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You are given a text of single-space separated words, consisting of small and capital Latin letters.
Volume of the word is number of capital letters in the word. Volume of the text is maximum volume of all words in the text.
Calculate the volume of th... |
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# Task
Changu and Mangu are great buddies. Once they found an infinite paper which had 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,......... till infinity, written on it.
Both of them did not like the sequence and started deleting some numbers in the following way.
```
First t... |
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Dima loves Inna very much. He decided to write a song for her. Dima has a magic guitar with n strings and m frets. Dima makes the guitar produce sounds like that: to play a note, he needs to hold one of the strings on one of the frets and then pull the ... |
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# Your Task
You have a cuboid with dimensions x,y,z ∈ ℕ. A subcuboid of this cuboid has dimensions length, width, height ∈ ℕ where 1≤length≤x, 1≤width≤y, 1≤height≤z. If two subcuboids have the same length, width, and height, but they are at different po... |
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Snuke has decided to play with a six-sided die. Each of its six sides shows an integer 1 through 6, and two numbers on opposite sides always add up to 7.
Snuke will first put the die on the table with an arbitrary side facing upward, then repeatedly per... |
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We have a 3 \times 3 grid. A number c_{i, j} is written in the square (i, j), where (i, j) denotes the square at the i-th row from the top and the j-th column from the left.
According to Takahashi, there are six integers a_1, a_2, a_3, b_1, b_2, b_3 wh... |
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> In information theory and computer science, the Levenshtein distance is a string metric for measuring the difference between two sequences. Informally, the Levenshtein distance between two words is the minimum number of single-character edits (i.e. in... |
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There was a powerful school where powerful people gathered. At the athletic meet of the powerful school, powerful people march in a formation.
While the powerhouses always want to show off their power, most of them don't want to walk on their own. So I... |
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Snuke, who loves animals, built a zoo.
There are N animals in this zoo. They are conveniently numbered 1 through N, and arranged in a circle.
The animal numbered i (2≤i≤N-1) is adjacent to the animals numbered i-1 and i+1. Also, the animal numbered 1 is... |
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*** Nova polynomial from roots***
This kata is from a series on polynomial handling. ( [#1](http://www.codewars.com/kata/nova-polynomial-1-add-1) [#2](http://www.codewars.com/kata/570eb07e127ad107270005fe) [#3](http://www.codewars.com/kata/5714041e... |
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To make a paper airplane, one has to use a rectangular piece of paper. From a sheet of standard size you can make $s$ airplanes.
A group of $k$ people decided to make $n$ airplanes each. They are going to buy several packs of paper, each of them contai... |
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<!--
Problem B
-->
On-Screen Keyboard
You are to input a string with an OSK (on-screen keyboard). A remote control with five buttons, four arrows and an OK (Fig. B-1), is used for the OSK. Find the minimum number of button presses required to input ... |
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# Task
Given a number `n`, return a string representing it as a sum of distinct powers of three, or return `"Impossible"` if that's not possible to achieve.
# Input/Output
`[input]` integer `n`
A positive integer n.
`1 ≤ n ≤ 10^16`.
`[output]` ... |
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There is a house with $n$ flats situated on the main street of Berlatov. Vova is watching this house every night. The house can be represented as an array of $n$ integer numbers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$, where $a_i = 1$ if in the $i$-th flat the light is ... |
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Alexander is learning how to convert numbers from the decimal system to any other, however, he doesn't know English letters, so he writes any number only as a decimal number, it means that instead of the letter A he will write the number 10. Thus, by co... |
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Little penguin Polo loves his home village. The village has n houses, indexed by integers from 1 to n. Each house has a plaque containing an integer, the i-th house has a plaque containing integer pi (1 ≤ pi ≤ n).
Little penguin Polo loves walking arou... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Some dwarves that are finishing the StUDY (State University for Dwarven Youngsters) Bachelor courses, have been told "no genome, no degree". That means that all dwarves should write a thesis on genome. Dwarven genome is far from simple. It is represente... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
In Russia, there is an army-purposed station named UVB-76 or "Buzzer" (see also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UVB-76). Most of time specific "buzz" noise is being broadcasted, but on very rare occasions, the buzzer signal is interrupted and a voice tran... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
The Bubble Cup hypothesis stood unsolved for $130$ years. Who ever proves the hypothesis will be regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of our time! A famous mathematician Jerry Mao managed to reduce the hypothesis to this problem:
Given a numb... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Little Susie listens to fairy tales before bed every day. Today's fairy tale was about wood cutters and the little girl immediately started imagining the choppers cutting wood. She imagined the situation that is described below.
There are n trees locat... |
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